OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# F B swamp vehicle

The F B was an Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) military transport/personnel carrier used for crossing difficult swampy terrain. It was part of a series of vehicles developed by the army in its effort to mechanize and give mobility to their forces. A prior prototype known as the S B swamp vehicle was built, but it proved to be too heavy and cumbersome for its designed use. First produced in 1935, the F B was shorter and lighter than the S B prototype. A total of 146 F B units were built, making it the most numerous model produced of this type of vehicle by the Japanese Army. Subsequent to the F B, a smaller craft known as the T B swamp scout vehicle was produced.

## Development

The F B swamp vehicle was a military transport/personnel carrier of the Imperial Japanese Army (IJA), which was developed and used for crossing swampy terrain. It was part of the effort by the army to mechanize their forces and its "cross-country capabilities". The F B was first produced in 1935, with 146 units being built. The F B had a two-to-three-man crew. The vehicle had eight road wheels per side, with rubber floats attached to the track links in order to prevent the vehicle from sinking into the quagmire. The F B could also be used to transport men across water ways, powered by a drive propeller shaft.

## Prior S B swamp vehicle prototype

The S B swamp vehicle was the first prototype design built by the IJA for use as a military transport/personnel carrier for crossing swampy terrain and waterways. It was also designed to transport men across waterways, powered by a drive propeller shaft. Built in 1933, like the subsequent F B vehicle it had rubber floats attached to its track links to prevent it from sinking in the mire. It differed from the FB design in having "fins at the track links" and additional tracks under the hull. However, it did not go into production as it was deemed too heavy at 10 tons and too long at 10m. The F B Swamp Vehicle was developed thereafter to address these issues encountered during testing.

## T B swamp scout vehicle

Subsequent to the F B, a smaller swamp-crossing vehicle was produced in 1942, which was known as the T B swamp scout vehicle. The track links had rubber floats attached to them in order to prevent the vehicle from sinking in the mire. The vehicle had a two-to-three-man crew and weighted 1.8 tons. A total of 53 were produced.
# Rancho San Simeon

Rancho San Simeon was a 4,469-acre (18.09 km$^2$) Mexican land grant in present-day San Luis Obispo County, California given in 1842 by Governor Juan Alvarado to José Ramón Estrada. The grant extended along the Pacific Coast from Rancho Piedra Blanca at Pico Creek, south along the coast to San Simeon Creek, and includes the present-day townsite of San Simeon Acres.

## History

José Ramón Estrada (1811–1845), son of José Mariano Estrada, grantee of Rancho Buena Vista, was born in Monterey. Ramón Estrada was administrator of Mission Santa Clara in 1835 and grantee of Rancho El Toro in 1835. He married Maria Gregoria Castro. He was alcalde at Monterey in 1836 and prefect of the first district at Monterey 1841–1843. His brother Julian Estrada was granted Rancho Santa Rosa. Originally part of the Mission San Miguel coastal grazing land, the one square league Rancho San Simeon was granted to Estrada in 1842.
Shortly before his death in 1845, Estrada sold Rancho San Simeon to José Miguel Gomez, a Mexican priest.
With the cession of California to the United States following the Mexican-American War, the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored. As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim for Rancho San Simeon was filed with the Public Land Commission in 1852, and the grant was patented to José Miguel Gomez in 1865.
In 1865, George Hearst (1820–1891), a successful miner during the California Gold Rush era and later a US Senator, started to acquire land in the area. His first step was to buy most of Rancho Piedra Blanca and part of Rancho Santa Rosa. In 1867, Hearst bought Rancho San Simeon. The property later passed on to his son William Randolph Hearst. It remains part of the Hearst Ranch.
# 106th Territorial Defense Brigade (Ukraine)

The 106th Territorial Defense Brigade (Ukrainian: 106-та окрема бригада територіальної оборони) is a military formation of the Territorial Defense Forces of Ukraine in Khmelnytskyi Oblast. It is part of Operational Command West.

## History
### Formation

On 27 June 2018, the brigade was formed Khmelnytskyi Oblast. The brigade was planned to be composed of older reservists, with more than 2,000 of 41-50 year olds signing up. By November 2018, battalions were actively recruiting reservists.
In August 2019, the brigade held an exercise for 154 officers to increase the overall efficiency of defending critical infrastructure, countering sabotage and reconnaissance units, and waging battles in cities and forests.
By mid-February 2022, the Territorial Defense Battalion from Starokostiantyniv had filled 74% of its positions for officers, sergeants and soldiers. At the same time, residents of Slavuta began to organize their own battalion to add to those already serving in the Brigade.

### Russo-Ukrainian War
#### Russian invasion of Ukraine

Units of the brigade took part in the recapture of Lyman, losing 9 soldiers. In November, the 88th battalion from Shepetivka was serving in areas of Bakhmut and Sloviansk. On 5 December, the brigade's battle flag was created. Units of the brigade were deployed on the Zaporizhzhia frontline between Huliaipole-Polohy in December. In April 2024, reconnaissance units of the brigade were reported to be defending positions on the Russia–Ukraine border in the Sumy Oblast.

## Structure

As of 2024 the brigade's structure is as follows:
* Headquarters
* 86th Territorial Defense Battalion (Khmelnytskyi) MUN А7179
** Attack UAV Unit "Roninu"
* 87th Territorial Defense Battalion (Kamianets-Podilskyi) MUN А7180
* 88th Territorial Defense Battalion (Shepetivka) MUN А7181
* 89th Territorial Defense Battalion (Starokostiantyniv) MUN А7182
* 90th Territorial Defense Battalion (Yarmolyntsi) MUN А7183
* 91st Territorial Defense Battalion (Slavuta)MUN А7184
* Counter-Sabotage Company
* Electronic Warfare Unit
* Engineering Company
* Communication Company
* Logistics Company
* Mortar Battery

## Commanders

* Colonel Buhun Ihor 2019
* Colonel Bihus Valentyn 2021 - present
# Sodium methylsulfinylmethylide

Sodium methylsulfinylmethylide (also called NaDMSO or dimsyl sodium) is the sodium salt of dimethyl sulfoxide. It has the chemical formula CH$_3$S(O)CH−2Na$^+$. This unusual salt has some uses in organic chemistry as a base and nucleophile.
Since the first publication in 1965 by Corey et al., a number of additional uses for this reagent have been identified.

## Preparation

Sodium methylsulfinylmethylide is prepared by heating sodium hydride or sodium amide in DMSO
    CH$_3$S(O)CH$_3$ + NaH → CH$_3$S(O)CH−2Na$^+$ + H$_2$
    CH$_3$S(O)CH$_3$ + NaNH$_2$ → CH$_3$S(O)CH−2Na$^+$ + NH$_3$

## Reactions
### As a base

The pK$_a$ of DMSO is 35, which leads NaDMSO to be a powerful Brønsted base. NaDMSO is used in the generation of phosphorus and sulfur ylides. NaDMSO in DMSO is especially convenient in the generation of dimethyloxosulfonium methylide and dimethylsulfonium methylide.

### Reaction with esters

NaDMSO condenses with esters (1) to form β-ketosulfoxides (2), which can be useful intermediates. Reduction of β-ketosulfoxides with aluminium amalgam gives methyl ketones (3). Reaction with alkyl halides followed by elimination gives α,β-unsaturated ketones (4). β-ketosulfoxides can also be used in the Pummerer rearrangement to introduce nucleophiles alpha to a carbonyl (5).
# Confucian Shinto

Confucian Shinto, also known as Juka Shintō (儒家神道) in Japanese, is a syncretic religious tradition that combines elements of Confucianism and Shinto. It originated in Japan during the Edo period (1603–1868), and is sometimes referred to as "Neo-Confucian Shinto."
Modern organizations include Shinto Taiseikyo, Shinto Shusei, and Tsuchimikado Shinto. Suika Shinto was a major school of Confucian Shinto.

## History

The roots of Confucian Shinto can be traced back to the 17th century, when Japanese scholars began to study Chinese Confucian texts and integrate Confucian ideas into their understanding of Shinto. The most notable of these scholars was Yamazaki Ansai (1618–1682), who developed a synthesis of Confucianism and Shinto that emphasized the importance of ethical behavior and filial piety. Ansai's teachings were further developed by his disciple, Kaibara Ekken (1630–1714), who wrote a number of influential works on Confucian Shinto, including the "Greater Learning for Women." Ekken's writings emphasized the importance of education and the cultivation of virtue, and advocated for the integration of Confucian ethics into everyday life.
In the 18th and 19th centuries, Confucian Shinto became increasingly popular among the samurai class, who saw it as a way to reconcile their duty to the emperor with their Confucian ideals of loyalty, honor, and righteousness. Confucian Shinto also gained a foothold among commoners, who were attracted to its emphasis on family values and practical ethics. Wang Yangming's concept of union of knowledge and practice was highly influential on Confucian Shinto.

## Influence and legacy

Confucian Shinto had a significant impact on Japanese society during the Edo period and beyond. It helped to shape the moral values and social norms of the samurai class, and played a role in the development of modern Japanese nationalism.
Confucian Shinto also had an influence on the Meiji Restoration of 1868, which marked the end of the Edo period and the beginning of modern Japan. The leaders of the restoration sought to revive traditional Japanese values and culture, and saw Confucian Shinto as a way to do so. They promoted the idea of kokutai, or the "national essence", which was based on the Confucian notion of the ruler-subject relationship and the Shinto idea of the emperor as a divine being. Fukko Shinto which was also quite significant developed in reaction to Confucian Shinto, and it was the predecessor to State Shinto.

## Modern groups

Among Sect Shinto, Shinto Taiseikyo (神道大成教) and Shinto Shusei are considered Confucian influenced groups. Tsuchimikado Shinto continues the legacy as well, but it is not a member of the sect Shinto association.
# Langenlonsheim-Stromberg

Langenlonsheim-Stromberg is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the district of Bad Kreuznach, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The seat of the Verbandsgemeinde is in Langenlonsheim. It was formed on 1 January 2020 by the merger of the former Verbandsgemeinden Langenlonsheim and Stromberg.
The Verbandsgemeinde Langenlonsheim-Stromberg consists of the following Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities"):
* Bretzenheim
* Daxweiler
* Dörrebach
* Dorsheim
* Eckenroth
* Guldental
* Langenlonsheim
* Laubenheim
* Roth
* Rümmelsheim
* Schöneberg
* Schweppenhausen
* Seibersbach
* Stromberg
* Waldlaubersheim
* Warmsroth
* Windesheim
49°54′N 7°54′E﻿ / ﻿49.90°N 7.90°E﻿ / 49.90; 7.90
# Rancho Santa Margarita

Rancho Santa Margarita was a 17,735-acre (71.77 km$^2$) Mexican land grant in the Santa Lucia Mountains, in present day San Luis Obispo County, central California.
The rancho was granted by Governor pro tem Manuel Jimeno Casarin in 1841 to Joaquín Estrada. The grant encompassed present day Santa Margarita. It remains an active ranch.

## History

Joaquín Tomas Estrada (1815–1893), the son of José Raimundo Estrada and Josefa Vallejo de Alvarado, was born in Spanish colonial Monterey, Alta California. Originally part of the northern lands of Mission San Luis Obispo de Tolosa, the four square league Rancho Santa Margarita was granted to Estrada in 1841. At the time, his older half brother Juan Bautista Alvarado was Governor of Alta California for independent México. Joaquín Estrada and his wife Maria de Jesus made their home at the adobe ranch headquarters. His brother Pedro Estrada was granted the adjacent Rancho Asuncion in 1845 after the Mexican secularization act of 1833. Joaquín Estrada was elected to the post-statehood first San Luis Obispo County Board of Supervisors in 1852, and served as County Treasurer in 1853–1854.
With the Mexican Cession of California to the United States following the Mexican–American War, the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored. As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim for Rancho Santa Margarita was filed with the Public Land Commission in 1852, and the grant was patented to Joaquín Estrada in 1861.
In 1861, Estrada sold the rancho to Martin Murphy Jr. (1807–1884) and his wife Mary Bulger Murphy (d.1892) of Sunnyvale, who had come to California with the Stephens-Townsend-Murphy Party in 1844. The Murphys turned over running of the rancho to their son Patrick Murphy, who was a General in the California National Guard. Patrick Washington Murphy (September 11, 1840 in Missouri – November 1, 1901 in San Francisco) operated Rancho Santa Margarita, and the adjacent Rancho Atascadero, and Rancho Asuncion, altogether comprising about 61,000 acres (247 km$^2$) from his Rancho Santa Margarita headquarters. Patrick Murphy married Mary Kate O'Brien in 1870. In 1876, Murphy bought the 9,000 acres (36 km$^2$) Rancho Cojo.
In 1889, Patrick Murphy enticed the Southern Pacific Railroad to Rancho Santa Margarita by selling them land near the ranch house. By 1890 Patrick Murphy's efforts to entice further land buyers had largely failed, and Murphy died in 1901. In 1904, the Murphy family sold Rancho Santa Margarita to the three Reis brothers – Ferdinand, Christian and Gustav, German emigrants who made their fortune in the California Gold Rush.

## Historic sites of the Rancho

* Santa Margarita de Cortona Asistencia – sub-mission established in 1782, on land that later was within the rancho
# Polyspora axillaris

Polyspora axillaris is a species of evergreen tree or shrub that can grow up to 9 m tall. It has been given the name fried egg plant for its white and yellow flower. P. axillaris is found in southern China, including Hong Kong and Hainan. Is also grows in the wild in Taiwan and Vietnam, and is a garden tree all over the world.
While earlier grouped under Gordonia, the genus Polyspora has been found to be not closely related to the North American species, thus transferring the species to its own genus.

## Description

Polyspora axillaris grows on hillsides, and is adapted to holding on to slopes while being exposed to rain and storms. Its brown bark peels off in rather large smooth pieces. The fruit superficially resembles the green part of an acorn.
The flowers are rather big, with five white petals, and many yellow anthers. They are fragrant and attract bees and butterflies. Some flowers grow in the leaf axils, leading to its scientific name, P. axillaris. The flower will fall off the tree before wilting.

## Distribution

Polyspora axillaris is normally found in forests and thickets at elevations of 100 – 800 m, but has been found at elevations up to 2300 m. It occurs in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan and Hong Kong.
In Hong Kong, it is common on hillsides, such as those of Lion Rock.

## Gallery

* Polyspora axillaris in its natural habitat
* Fruit
* Natural growth form
* Cultivated specimen
# IFEMA Palacio Municipal

The IFEMA Palacio Municipal, formerly known as Palacio Municipal de Congresos, is a convention centre in Madrid, Spain. It is located near the IFEMA's main fairground complex in the Campo de las Naciones area. It is operated by IFEMA since 2019.

## History

It is located in the Corralejos neighborhood, Barajas district. Designed by Ricardo Bofill, building works lasted from March 1991 to May 1993. The building was inaugurated on 19 October 1993. Since 1995, when the Goya Awards moved from the similarly named Palacio de Congresos in the Paseo de la Castellana, the venue has hosted several editions of the awards' ceremonies. On 15 December 1995, the venue hosted the EU summit that ratified the creation of the "euro" currency. It has also hosted other international events such as IMF and World Bank meetings as well as NATO and UN summits. The facility closed down on 8 November 2012 to undergo building works to improve on its security. It re-opened on 24 April 2013. In 2018, the Ayuntamiento de Madrid and IFEMA agreed on the lease of the building to the latter party to for a period of 25 years, to be effective from 1 January 2019 onward.
# Sergio Benito

Sergio Benito Crujera (born 23 March 1999) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a forward for Spanish Primera Federación club Real Unión.

## Club career

Born in Madrid, Benito began his career with Rayo Vallecano in 2005, aged six. In 2011, he joined Real Madrid's La Fábrica, but returned to Rayo in 2014.
Benito made his senior debut with the reserves on 27 August 2017, playing the last 16 minutes of a 1–2 Tercera División away loss against CF Trival Valderas. He scored his first senior goal six days later, netting his team's second in a 2–0 home win against RSD Alcalá.
On 18 August 2018, Benito was loaned to Segunda División B side Barakaldo CF for the season. On 9 August of the following year, he moved to fellow league team Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa also in a temporary deal.
Whilst at Cultural, Benito scored an extra time winner in a 2–1 Copa del Rey success over Atlético Madrid, but also saw his decisive penalty in the play-off final being saved by CE Sabadell FC's goalkeeper Ian Mackay, which led to a 6–7 loss in the shoot-out. He returned to Rayo in July 2020, but signed a three-year contract with Real Valladolid on 5 October, being assigned to the B-team also in division three.
Benito made his first team debut on 15 December 2020, starting in a 5–0 away win against CD Cantolagua, for the season's Copa del Rey. His professional – and La Liga – debut occurred the following 19 January, as he came on as a late substitute for Óscar Plano in a 2–2 home draw against Elche CF.
On 25 August 2021, Benito moved to Primera División RFEF side CD Badajoz on loan for the 2021–22 season.
On 27 January 2023, Benito left Spain for the first time in his career to join Polish second division club Wisła Kraków until June 2024, joining his compatriots Ángel Rodado, Miki Villar, Tachi, David Juncà, Luis Fernández and Álex Mula. He made 10 league appearances before terminating his contract on 15 June.
On 4 July 2024, Benito signed for Real Unión.
# Closer to You (Jung Kook song)

"Closer to You" is a song recorded by South Korean singer Jung Kook of BTS, featuring Jamaican–American music group Major Lazer, for his debut studio album Golden, released on November 3, 2023, by Big Hit Music.

## Charts

Weekly chart performance for "Closer to You" :
| Chart (2023) | Peak position |
| Global 200 (Billboard) | 52 |
| South Korea (Circle) | 88 |
| US Hot Dance/Electronic Songs (Billboard) | 6 |
| Vietnam (Vietnam Hot 100) | 52 |
# Rancho Estero Americano

Rancho Estero Americano was a 8,849-acre (35.81 km$^2$) Mexican land grant in present-day Sonoma County, California given in 1839 by Governor Pro-tem Manuel Jimeno to Edward Manuel McIntosh. The rancho takes its name from Estero Americano.

## History

At the direction of Governor José Figueroa in 1835, Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo began construction of the Presidio of Sonoma to counter the Russian presence at Fort Ross. To extend the settlements in the direction of Fort Ross, Vallejo sent three men, Edward McIntosh, James Black (1810–1870), and James Dawson (–1843), in that direction. These three men came to California as sailors with Captain John B.R. Cooper, brother-in-law of General Vallejo. Black settled upon what is now known as Rancho Cañada de Jonive, while Dawson and McIntosh settled upon Rancho Estero Americano. They formed a partnership to build a saw-mill on Salmon Creek, near the town of Freestone. The Russian-American Company left Fort Ross and sold it to John Sutter in 1841. The mill on Rancho Cañada de Jonive operated until 1849, when they sold all the lumber they had and left for the gold mines.
McIntosh and Dawson agreed to make application jointly to the Mexican government for the 2 square league grant known as the Rancho Estero Americano, to confirm the title given by General Vallejo. McIntosh went the capital in Monterey to get the necessary papers in 1839. When he returned, Dawson on examining the papers, found that they were made out only in the name of McIntosh. Well authenticated tradition says that when Dawson made this discovery, he sawed the house, in which McIntosh and Dawson had been living, in two parts, and removed his half to what would become Dawson's Rancho Cañada de Pogolimi grant. Edward McIntosh, who never married, became alcalde of San Rafael. In 1849 Jasper O'Farrell bought Rancho Estero Americano from McIntosh.
With the cession of California to the United States following the Mexican-American War, the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored. As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim for Rancho Estero Americano was filed with the Public Land Commission in 1852, and the grant was patented to Jasper O'Farrell in 1858.
O’Farrell also obtained Rancho Cañada de Jonive by trading his Rancho Nicasio holding for Black's Rancho Cañada de Jonive in 1848. O'Farrell married Mary McChristian in 1849 and they moved to Rancho Cañada de Jonive, and resided there until his death in 1875.
# Peter Gwargis

Peter Gwargis (born 4 September 2000) is a professional footballer who plays as a right winger for Iraqi club Duhok and the Iraq national team.

## Early and personal life

Gwargis was born in Sydney, Australia. His parents are Assyrians from Iraq, and the family moved to Sweden when he was three.

## Club career

Gwargis spent his early career in Sweden with IFK Öxnehaga, Husqvarna and Jönköpings Södra. In January 2017 he was linked with a transfer to English club Arsenal. He signed for Brighton & Hove Albion in August 2018. He made his senior debut for the club on 25 September 2019, in a 1–3 home defeat to Aston Villa in the EFL Cup.
In April 2021 it was announced Gwargis was to be released by Brighton by the end of the season. He was linked to a move to Malmö in May 2021, signing with the club in June 2021.
In February 2022 he moved on loan to Jönköpings Södra, and in April 2023 he moved on loan to Degerfors.
In March 2024 he moved on loan to Örebro SK.
In September 2024, Gwargis moved to Iraqi-Kurdish club Duhok.

## International career

Gwargis represented Sweden at under-17 and under-19 youth international levels. He was also eligible to represent Australia on account of being born there.
He made his senior international debut for Iraq in 2024.

## Playing style

Gwargis has been compared to Mesut Özil.