OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Washington/Wells station

Washington/Wells is a station on the Chicago "L" system, located in downtown Chicago, Illinois on The Loop. The station opened on July 17, 1995. Washington/Wells is located a few blocks from several major attractions and business centers, such as Chicago City Hall, the Civic Opera House, and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange. The station is also three blocks east of Ogilvie Transportation Center, terminal for the Union Pacific North, Northwest, and West line Metra trains. The station is located between Washington and Madison on Wells Street in downtown Chicago.

## History

The Washington/Wells station replaced two former Loop stations, Randolph/Wells and Madison/Wells. The CTA did the same on the Wabash side of the Loop, replacing Randolph/Wabash and Madison/Wabash with Washington/Wabash.

## Station layout

The station is located between Washington and Madison Streets and is constructed of steel and concrete, with wooden platforms. A large mezzanine is accessible by stairs just south of Washington on either side of Wells, and the station is also accessible via elevators. Just past several turnstiles are stairwells leading to the platform level; the easternmost stairs go to the Inner Loop platform while the westernmost go to the Outer Loop platform. Both platforms are also serviced by elevators. It is possible to go from one platform to the other without leaving the paid area, making Washington/Wells a transfer station. The platforms are from Washington to Madison; the platforms continues over Madison Street. There are auxiliary exits on both ends of both platforms to the east sides of Washington and Madison. Both platforms can handle eight-car trains, the longest on the CTA system.

## Service

Washington/Wells serves the Brown Line (which travels counterclockwise on the Outer Loop track), and the Orange Line, Purple Line Express (weekday rush hours only), and Pink Line (which travel clockwise on the Inner Loop track).

## Bus connections

CTA
* J14 Jeffery Jump
* 20 Madison (Owl Service)
* 37 Sedgwick (Weekdays only)
* 56 Milwaukee
* 60 Blue Island/26th (Owl Service)
* 124 Navy Pier
* 157 Streeterville/Taylor (Weekdays only)
# ROKS Jecheon

ROKS Jecheon (PCC-776) is a Pohang-class corvette of the Republic of Korea Navy.

## Development and design

The Pohang class is a series of corvettes built by different Korean shipbuilding companies. The class consists of 24 ships and some after decommissioning were sold or given to other countries. There are five different types of designs in the class from Flight II to Flight VI.

## Construction and career

Jecheon was launched on 8 December 1987 by Hanjin Heavy Industries. The vessel was commissioned on 3 May 1989.
While being moored in her namesake city, Jecheon on 18 August 2018, Deputy Mayor Geum Han-ju and 35 other people, including members of the Integrated Defense Council, members of security and local organizations, and citizens from all walks of life, visited the ship.

## Gallery

* ROKS Jecheon on 15 January 2016
# Stewart Myers

Stewart Clay Myers (born 1940) is the Robert C. Merton Professor of Financial Economics at the MIT Sloan School of Management. He is notable for his work on capital structure and innovations in capital budgeting and valuation, and has had a "remarkable influence" on both the theory and practice of corporate finance. Myers, in fact, coined the term "real option". He is the co-author with Richard A. Brealey and Franklin Allen of Principles of Corporate Finance, a widely used and cited business school textbook, now in its 11th edition. He is also the author of dozens of research articles.

## Career

He holds an A.B. from Williams College and a Ph.D. and MBA from Stanford University. He began teaching at MIT Sloan School of Management in 1966.
His contributions are seen as falling into three main categories:
* Work on capital structure, focusing on "debt overhang" and "pecking order theory".
* Contributions to capital budgeting that complement his research on capital structure. He is notable for the adjusted present value (or APV) approach as well as for recognizing the "option-like" character of many corporate assets.
* Work on estimating fair rates of return for public utilities.
Recent projects include the valuation of investments in R&D, risk management, and the allocation of capital in diversified firms, and the theory of corporate governance.
As of 2010, he was a principal of economic consulting firm The Brattle Group. He is a past president of the American Finance Association, a research associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research, and a director of the Cambridge Endowment for Research in Finance.

## Works

* Stewart C. Myers (ed) Modern Developments in Financial Management, Dryden Press, 1976, ISBN 9780275341008
* Alexander A. Robichek, Stewart C. Myers, Optimal financing decisions, Prentice-Hall, 1965
* Richard Brealey; Stewart Myers; Franklin Allen; Pitabas Mohanty (1988). Principles of Corporate Finance, 11e. MacGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-93-392-0502-7.
* Richard A. Brealey, Stewart C. Myers, Capital Investment and Valuation, McGraw Hill Professional, 2003, ISBN 9780071383776
# Hadogenes gunningi

Hadogenes gunningi, commonly known as Gunning's rock scorpion or rotsskerpioen in Afrikaans, is a small species of scorpion of the genus Hadogenes. It is found in southern Africa, particularly the province of Gauteng. The venom of the members of the genus Hadogenes has been compared to a nettle sting and will often results in an itch for roughly two minutes.

## Description

A smaller member of Hadogenes, sized at around 7 cm with the telson extended. The overall appearance is consistent with other African flat rock scorpions. The flattened carapace, pedipalps, and telson allow this species to quickly maneuver into the rock crevices that should be readily found within their ideal environments. The coloration is somewhat interesting when compared against other members of Hadogenes with the carapace being generally one overall shade of black, the legs being a lighter color, and being overall covered in a fine red setae giving it a somewhat tinted look.

## Habitat

Along with most other members of Hadogenes, gunningi's ideal environment is a slightly humid rocky outcrop with plenty of tight hiding placing that it can wedge itself into. This species is threatened by habitat loss due to localized mining operations in the regions that it's endemic to.
# Autódromo Ciudad de Concordia

Autódromo Ciudad de Concordia is a motorsports circuit located 4 km (2.5 mi) north of Concordia, Entre Ríos, Argentina. The circuit also used to host the Formula 3 Sudamericana. The track has 14 corners and it is 4.700 km (2.920 mi) long. The circuit was opened in May 1969. The circuit was closed in 2010, reopened in October 2012, and extended in 2014.

## Events
### Current

* February: Turismo Pista [es]
* April: Turismo Nacional

### Former

* Copa Mégane Argentina [es] (2005)
* F4 Argentina Championship (2021)
* Formula 3 Sudamericana (1992, 2013)
* Formula 4 Sudamericana (2014)
* Fórmula Nacional Argentina (2005, 2016, 2022)
* Porsche GT3 Cup Trophy Argentina [es] (2018)
* TC2000 Championship (1981–1983, 1986, 1988–1989, 1992, 2004–2005, 2022, 2024)
* TC2000 Series (2013–2018, 2022)
* Top Race V6 (2005, 2009, 2023–2024)
* Turismo Carretera (2014–2019, 2021–2022)
* Turismo Carretera Pista (2014–2019, 2021–2022)

## Lap records

As of April 2023, the fastest official race lap records at the Autódromo Ciudad de Concordia are listed as:
| Category | Time | Driver | Vehicle | Event |
| Full Circuit: 4.700 km (2012–present) |||||
| Turismo Carretera | 1:42.483 | Germán Todino | Torino Cherokee | 2022 Concordia Turismo Carretera round |
| TC2000 | 1:43.302 | Bernardo Llaver | Chevrolet Cruze | 2022 Concordia TC2000 round |
| Porsche Carrera Cup | 1:43.985 | Juan Pipkin [es] | Porsche 911 (991 I) GT3 Cup | 2018 Concordia Porsche GT3 Cup Trophy Argentina round |
| Formula Renault 2.0 | 1:44.198 | Emiliano Marino | Tito F4-A | 2016 Concordia Formula Renault Argentina round |
| Top Race V6 | 1:48.398 | Diego Javier Azar [es] | Lexus ES XV60 | 2023 Concordia Top Race V6 round |
| Short Circuit: 3.120 km (1981–1991, 2012–present) |||||
| TC2000 Series | 1:12.644 | Lucas Colombo Russell [es] | Fiat Linea | 2013 Concordia TC2000 Series round |
| Formula 4 | 1:12.709 | Pablo Collazo | Mygale M14-F4 | 2021 Concordia F4 Argentina round |
| Full Circuit: 3.150 km (1992–2011) |||||
| TC2000 | 1:16.865 | Diego Aventín | Ford Focus | 2004 Concordia TC2000 round |
| Formula Three | 1:16.890 | Marcos Gueiros | Ralt RT34 | 1992 Concordia F3 Sudamericana round |
| Formula Renault 1.6 | 1:20.324 | Pablo Fioquetta | Crespi K4M | 2005 Concordia Formula Renault 1.6 Argentina round |
| Copa Mégane Argentina [es] | 1:26.355 | Marcelo Furlan | Renault Mégane | 2005 Concordia Copa Mégane Argentina round |
# Helmond 't Hout railway station

Helmond 't Hout is a railway station in Mierlo-Hout near Helmond, Netherlands. The station opened in 1992 and is on the Venlo–Eindhoven railway. The station has 2 platforms. Train services are operated by Nederlandse Spoorwegen.

## Train service

The following services stop at Helmond 't Hout:
* 2x per hour local services (stoptrein) 's-Hertogenbosch - Eindhoven - Deurne
# Denis Nzioka

Denis Nzioka is a Kenyan sexual and gender minority activist-author with a particular focus on LGBTIQ and sex workers' communities in Kenya and Africa. He has been instrumental in the formation of several organisations focused on queer and sex workers' rights while supporting regional organising around sexual diversity, bodily autonomy, and choice-expression.

## Life and work

Nzioka ran albeit covertly, a safe house for LGBTQ persons in 2009. At the same time, he was the first Kenyan to publicly come out on national TV. Since then, his articles and blogs have been published by various media outlets globally. He has also made regular TV and radio appearances.
He founded the Denis Nzioka News Agency and Service in 2010 as a media agency and service for the LGBTQI, sex work and allied community in Kenya. The Agency works to transform public opinion and social attitudes through grassroots reporting and community commentary. The Agency provides advocacy and resource materials.
Nzioka was a 2013 Kenyan Presidential aspirant. He started an LGBTI and sex work magazine in Kenya, Identity Kenya, as well as an LGBTIQ news app on the Google Play Store. He co-edited Gay Kenya's book My Way, Your Way or the Rights Way and published in 2019 an anthology book of Kenyan allies speaking out for LGBTIQ rights titled Rafiki Zetu. In 2020, he launched the Gay and Lesbian Archives of Kenya, dubbed KumbuKumbu, an open, online, and free repository for records documenting the history and culture of the LGBTQI movement in Kenya from mid-1800 to the present.
Currently, he is undertaking a self-sponsored research project "Waiter, umenyonga ugali: LGBTI rights and Human Rights". He attempts to answer the question, "Are LGBTIQ rights part of the Kenya civil society menu?" He hopes to investigate how—if at all—civil society organisations in Kenya are integrating the rights of sexual and gender minorities in their advocacy strategies and social change programs.

## Awards

Nzioka was named one of the World's Top 10 Tweeters on Sexuality and Development. He received the 2016 Sauti Award for "balanced reporting of sex work issues," and to celebrate their 10th anniversary, the South Africa Feathers Awards named him as its 2018 Africa honouree. He received the Munir Mazrui Lifetime Achievement Award from the Defenders Coalition and the Best EA Activist Award in the Tanzania Activist Awards.

## Publications

* My Way, Your Way, or the Rights Way. Nairobi: Storymoja, 2011.
* Rafiki Zeru: Kenyan LGBTIQ Stories, as told, by Allies. Nairobi, 2019.
# Wilbur Scoville

Wilbur Lincoln Scoville (January 22, 1865 – March 10, 1942) was an American pharmacist best known for his creation of the "Scoville Organoleptic Test", now standardized as the Scoville scale. He devised the test and scale in 1912 while working at the Parke-Davis pharmaceutical company to measure pungency, "spiciness" or "capsaicin concentration" of various chili peppers.

## Early life

Scoville was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut, on January 22, 1865. He married Cora B. Upham on September 1, 1891, in Wollaston (Quincy, Massachusetts). They had two daughters: Amy Augusta, born August 21, 1892, and Ruth Upham, born October 21, 1897.

## Career

Scoville wrote The Art of Compounding, which was first published in 1895 and has gone through at least 8 editions. The book was used as a pharmacological reference up until the 1960s, also making one of the earliest mentions of milk as an antidote for pepper heat. Scoville also wrote Extracts and Perfumes, which contained hundreds of formulations.
For a time he was a professor at the Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences. In 1912, he devised the test and scale known as the "Scoville Organoleptic Test" while working at the Parke-Davis pharmaceutical company. While using human testers, it measured pungency, or "spiciness", of various chili peppers. It is now standardized as the Scoville scale.

## Death

Scoville died on March 10, 1942, at the age of 77 in Gainesville, Florida. It is unknown how he died.

## Awards

In 1922, Scoville won the Ebert prize from the American Pharmaceutical Association, which is given to "recognize the author(s) of the best report of original investigation of a medicinal substance." In 1929, he received the Remington Honor Medal, the APhA's top award. Scoville also received an honorary Doctor of Science from Columbia University in 1929.
# Jeff Wilkins (basketball)

Jeffrey Wilkins (born March 9, 1955) is an American former professional basketball player who played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and other leagues. A 6'11" 230 lb center born in Chicago, Illinois, Wilkins played college basketball at Illinois State University and was selected with the 15th pick in the second round of the 1977 NBA draft by the San Antonio Spurs.
He signed with the Spurs in July 1977 but was waived prior to the start of the 1977–78 NBA season. Wilkins played for the Hawaii Volcanos of the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) during the 1979–80 season and was selected to the All-CBA Second Team. He began his NBA playing career in 1980 with the Utah Jazz and spent the majority of it with them, but due to a mid-season trade played out part of his final year with the Spurs in 1986.
He holds career NBA averages of 7.9 points, 5.7 rebounds and 1.0 assist per game. Wilkins also won a Turkish Basketball League championship with Efes Pilsen.

## Personal

Wilkins' son John is a professional basketball player as well, and has played for several teams in Africa and Europe. Jeffrey also has a younger son named Johnathon who played for NM State as well as professional ball in France.
# Ron James (politician)

Ron James is a former member of the Ohio House of Representatives.
* ↑ "The Daily Sentinel - Google News Archive Search".
* ↑ Ohio Rep. Ron James
* This article about a member of the Ohio House of Representatives is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Glycerol monostearate

Glycerol monostearate, commonly known as GMS, is a monoglyceride commonly used as an emulsifier in foods. It takes the form of a white, odorless, and sweet-tasting flaky powder that is hygroscopic. Chemically it is the glycerol ester of stearic acid. It is also used as hydration powder in exercise formulas.

## Structure, synthesis, and occurrence

Glycerol monostearate exists as three stereoisomers, the enantiomeric pair of 1-glycerol monostearate and 2-glycerol monostearate. Typically these are encountered as a mixture as many of their properties are similar.
Commercial material used in foods is produced industrially by a glycerolysis reaction between triglycerides (from either vegetable or animal fats) and glycerol.
Glycerol monostearate occurs naturally in the body as a product of the breakdown of fats by pancreatic lipase. It is present at very low levels in certain seed oils.

## Uses

GMS is a food additive used as a thickening, emulsifying, anticaking, and preservative agent; an emulsifying agent for oils, waxes, and solvents; a protective coating for hygroscopic powders; a solidifier and control release agent in pharmaceuticals; and a resin lubricant. It is also used in cosmetics and hair-care products.
GMS is largely used in baking preparations to add "body" to the food. It is somewhat responsible for giving ice cream and whipped cream their smooth texture. It is sometimes used as an antistaling agent in bread.
It can also be used as an additive in plastic, where GMS works as an antistatic and antifogging agent. This is common in food packaging.
# Fatimah Suwaed

Fatimah Suwaed (born 3 March 2007) is an Iraqi Paralympic athlete. She made her Paralympic debut during the 2020 Summer Paralympics.

## Career

She represented Iraq at the 2020 Summer Paralympics and competed in both women's 100m T35 and women's 200m T35 events. Competing at the age of 14, she became the youngest ever athlete from Iraq to compete at the Paralympics.
# Jose Tati

Jose Tati (born 30 August 2007) is a Cape Verdean swimmer. He competed in the men's 50 metre freestyle event at the 2024 Summer Olympics, but didn't advance past the heats.
# Soda jerk

Soda jerk (or soda jerker) is an American term used to refer to a person—typically a young man—who would operate the soda fountain in a restaurant, preparing and serving soda drinks and ice cream sodas. The drinks were made by mixing flavored syrup, carbonated water, and occasionally malt powder over either ice or a few scoops of ice cream. The drink would then be served in a tall glass with a long-handled spoon, most commonly known as a "soda spoon", and drinking straws.
Soda jerks were relatively common in the United States from the 1920s until the late 1950s; due to economic and social trends, the occupation essentially no longer exists.

## Origin of term

The term soda jerk was a pun on soda clerk, the formal job title of the drugstore assistants who operated soda fountains. It was inspired by the "jerking" action the server would implement to drive the fountain handle back and forth when adding soda. The soda fountain spigot itself was typically a sturdy, shiny fixture attached at the end of a pipe which protruded over the counter and curved down at the end for filling glasses. Since most drinks required carbonated water, the tap handle was built large to accommodate frequent use of the fountain.

## History

The practice of operating a soda fountain in a drugstore reached its peak popularity in the 1940s but was popular from the 1920s through the 1950s. The position was coveted, and was commonly only awarded after protracted menial labor in the store. Soda jerking was dominated by popular young men with loud personalities and good people skills because of the popular environment and "cool" association. These boys who worked at the shops were expected to serve the drinks and also socialize and entertain the guests.
Michael Karl Witzel describes an archetypal soda jerk as "[a] consummate showman, innovator and freelance linguist ... the pop culture star of the Gilded Age".
The proliferation of ice cream parlors declined as drive-ins and walk-up fast food stands grew in popularity, and grill and fry cooks replaced soda jerks.

## Lingo

Soda jerks were known for having their own lingo for how their drinks were made. They created nicknames for different drinks. For example, they called a glass of milk "baby" and a strawberry milkshake "in the hay". A Coca-Cola with ice was called "scratch one". They also had lingo to express how they wanted their drink to be served. Coffee, or "draw one" would be served strong if called "draw one from the south". If a drink was ordered with extra ice it was "heavy on the hail".
Some of these terms are still used today. Egg creams, the shorthand for a chocolate soda with some milk, are served in many places and are especially known in New York where they originated.
Another term from soda-jerk lingo that remains in use is "concrete", a name for an extremely thick milkshake or custard. For example, Culver's continues to serve their famous Concrete Mixers.
# 2020–21 Austrian Cup

The 2020–21 Austrian Cup was the 90th edition of the national cup in Austrian football. The champions of the cup earn a place in the 2021–22 Europa League play-off round.
Red Bull Salzburg were the defending champions after winning the competition in the previous season by defeating Austria Lustenau in the final. Times up to 25 October 2020 and from 28 March 2021 were CEST (UTC+2), and times from 26 October 2020 to 27 March 2021 were CET (UTC+1).

## First round

Thirty–one first round matches were played between 28 August and 30 September 2020.

## Second round

16 second round matches were played between 16 October and 14 November 2020.

## Third round

Eight third round matches were played between 14 November and 16 December 2020.

## Quarter-finals

The four quarter-final matches were played between 5 and 7 February 2021.

## Semi-finals

The semi-final matches were played on 3 March 2021.

## Final

The final was played on 1 May 2021.

## Top goalscorers

| Rank | Player | Club | Goals |
| 1 | Johannes Eggestein | LASK | 6 |
| 1 | Fabian Schubert | Blau-Weiß Linz | 6 |
| 3 | Patson Daka | Red Bull Salzburg | 5 |
| 3 | Marvin Hernaus | Kapfenberger SV | 5 |
| 3 | Enock Mwepu | Red Bull Salzburg | 5 |
| 6 | Bekim Balaj | Sturm Graz | 4 |
| 6 | Taxiarchis Fountas | Rapid Wien | 4 |
| 6 | Michael Liendl | Wolfsberger AC | 4 |
| 6 | Chinedu Obasi | SCR Altach | 4 |
| 6 | Markus Rusek | Austria Klagenfurt | 4 |
# Pochvennichestvo

Pochvennichestvo (/ˈpɒtʃvɛnɪtʃɛstvoʊ/ POCH-veh-NICH-est-voh; Russian: почвенничество, IPA:, roughly "return to the native soil", from почва "soil") was a late 19th-century movement in Russia that tied in closely with its contemporary ideology, Slavophilia.

## History

The Slavophiles and the Pochvennichestvo supported the complete emancipation of serfs, stressed a strong desire to return to the idealised past of Russian history, and opposed Europeanization. They also advocated a complete rejection of the nihilist, classical liberal and Marxist movements of the time. They laid a primary focus on changing Russian society by the humbling of the self and on social reform through the Russian Orthodox Church, rather than through the radical programs of (for example) the Westernizer intelligentsia.
The Slavophiles and the Pochvennichestvo differed in that the former detested the Westernisation policies of Emperor Peter the Great (r. 1682–1725), but the latter praised what they saw as the benefits of the notorious ruler who maintained a strong patriotic mentality for what became sloganised under Emperor Nicholas I (r. 1825–1855) as "Orthodoxy, Autocracy, and Nationality". Another major difference was that many of the leaders of Pochvennichestvo and their supporters adopted a militant anti-Protestant, anti-Catholic and antisemitic stance.
The movement had its roots in the works of the German philosopher Johann Gottfried Herder (1744–1803), who focused primarily on emphasising the differences between peoples and regional cultures. In addition, it rejected the universalism of the Enlightenment period. Pochvennichestvo originated in the early 1850s with the "young editors" working at the journal Moskvityanin. The most prominent Russian intellectuals who founded the movement were Apollon Grigoryev (1822–1864), Nikolay Strakhov (1828–1896), Nikolay Danilevsky (1822–1885) and Konstantin Leontyev (1831–1891).
Fyodor Dostoyevsky (1821–1881) also came to support such views, as expressed in his 1873 novel Demons. The ideology was later adopted by Emperors Alexander III (r. 1881–1894) and Nicholas II (r. 1894–1917).