OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# HMS Surly (1855)

HMS Surly was a mortar vessel of the Royal Navy built at Blackwall Yard in 1855. Later that year she served with Anglo-French forces at the Bombardment of Sveaborg, Finland, during the Crimean War. Her mortar, and those of the other vessels deployed, required several repairs but the bombardment had a greater effect than had been anticipated. Despite this mortar vessels fell out of use in the Royal Navy due to the development of rifled artillery. After being renamed MV9 later in 1855 she was broken up in November 1863.

## Construction

HMS Surly was ordered by the Admiralty on 6 October 1854 and was constructed at Blackwall Yard by Money Wigram & Son. Her keel was laid down on 9 October and she was launched on 31 March 1855. Surly cost £2,360 to construct plus £825 for the Admiralty to fit her out and an additional £280 in supplies from Admiralty stores. She was 65 feet (20 m) in length at her gundeck and 52 feet 5+1⁄4 inches (15.983 m) at the level of her keel. She was 20 feet 10 inches (6.35 m) in beam and had 7 feet 6 inches (2.29 m) of depth in her hold. Surly's capacity was 11723⁄94 tons burthen. She was armed with a single mortar cast by the Carron Company.

## Service

In 1855 Surly was deployed to the Baltic Sea during the Crimean War fought by Britain, France and the Ottoman Empire against Russia. Commanded by a petty officer, she was one of a number of mortar vessels that participated in the Bombardment of Sveaborg, Finland. The mortars used by the Royal Navy in this action suffered from a number of defects. Surly's mortar destroyed its suspension gear, which allowed it to be trained onto a target independent of the orientation of the ship, on its first firing. After firing 14 rounds it was taken out of action for repairs to cracks at the base of its chamber. These were temporarily patched by pouring in a mixture of tin and zinc, after which a further 34 shells were fired before the mortar required repair again. A final 30 shells were fired before the vent of the mortar was blown. In addition during the second day of the bombardment the mortar had to be reinforced with chains to prevent the barrel from bursting after the original reinforcing band gave way.
Despite similar issues on the other British mortar vessels it was later deemed that the mortars had performed better than expected in inflicting damage upon the defences. The 3,141 shells fired over two days destroyed two powder magazines, two shell magazines, a rope store, a hospital store, two granaries, a pitch factory, the house and office of the governor-general and 17 private houses. Some 2,000 Russian/Finnish people were killed, with 55 British and French men killed and 204 wounded. Despite the success the occasion marked the last use of mortars in action by the Royal Navy, being supplanted by the development of rifled artillery.
Surly was renamed MV9 (presumably for "mortar vessel 9") on 19 October 1855. This allowed the navy to reuse the name HMS Surly for an Albacore-class gunboat ordered on 4 October 1855 and laid down on 15 October. MV9 was broken up in November 1863.
# Old Bennington Post Office

The Old Bennington Post Office is a historic government building at 118 South Street in Bennington, Vermont, United States. Also known at one time as the U.S. Federal Building, it is a Greek Revival building built in 1914, and now houses the Bennington Police Department. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976 for its architecture.

## Description and history

The Old Bennington Post Office is located in downtown Bennington, at the northeast corner of Union and South Streets (United States Route 7). It is a single story masonry structure, set on a raised basement, its walls structurally built out of concrete and brick, and faced in Vermont marble. The main facade, facing South Street, is nine bays wide, with a recessed entry area that is defined by six large fluted Doric columns and flanking square corner pilasters. Similar square pilasters articulate the bays at the rear of the recess. The building is topped by entablatures, one adorned with Roman patterns, with a cornice and broad parapet above. The south facade, facing Union Street, has six window bays, also articulated by pilasters.
The post office was built in 1914, and was one of the last works prepared by the Office of the Supervising Architect of the United States Treasury Department during the tenure of James Knox Taylor. It served as a post office until 1967, at which time its interior was gutted and converted into federal government offices. It now houses the Bennington Police Department.
# 1944 Missouri Tigers football team

The 1944 Missouri Tigers football team was an American football team that represented the University of Missouri in the Big Six Conference (Big 6) during the 1944 college football season. The team compiled a 3–5–2 record (2–1–2 against Big 6 opponents), finished in third place in the Big 6, and outscored all opponents by a combined total of 224 to 176. Chauncey Simpson was the head coach for the second of three seasons. The team played its home games at Memorial Stadium in Columbia, Missouri.
The team's leading scorer was Paul Collins with 60 points.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 23 | vs. Arkansas* | Walsh StadiumSt. Louis, MO (rivalry) | L 6–7 | 8,500 |
| September 30 | at No. 8 Ohio State* | Ohio StadiumColumbus, OH | L 0–54 | 29,908 |
| October 7 | at Kansas State | Memorial StadiumManhattan, KS | W 33–0 | |
| October 14 | at Minnesota* | Memorial StadiumMinneapolis, MN | L 27–39 | 24,207 |
| October 21 | Iowa State | Memorial StadiumColumbia, MO (rivalry) | T 21–21 | 5,281 |
| October 28 | at Nebraska | Memorial StadiumLincoln, NE (rivalry) | L 20–24 | 8,000 |
| November 4 | Michigan State* | Memorial StadiumColumbia, MO | W 13–7 | 5,000 |
| November 11 | at Oklahoma | Memorial StadiumNorman, OK (rivalry) | T 21–21 | |
| November 18 | Iowa Pre-Flight* | Memorial StadiumColumbia, MO | L 7–51 | |
| November 23 | vs. Kansas | Blues StadiumKansas City, MO (rivalry) | W 28–0 | 19,969 |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from AP Poll released prior to the game ||||||
# Granny Creek (Missouri)

Granny Creek is a stream in Bollinger and Cape Girardeau counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Hog Creek.
The stream headwaters are in Cape Girardeau County about two miles southwest of Gravel Hill on Missouri Route 34 and just east of the county line. The stream flows south-southwest into Bollinger County and continues to the south roughly parallel to the county line. The confluence with Hog Creek is about 1.5 mile northwest of Lake Girardeau and the village of Crump. The source is at and the confluence is at .
The name "granny" is said to refer to a type of fish.
# Ministry of Foreign Affairs, African Cooperation and Moroccan Expatriates

34°0′44.05″N 6°49′20.98″W﻿ / ﻿34.0122361°N 6.8224944°W﻿ / 34.0122361; -6.8224944
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, African Cooperation and Moroccan Expatriates is the foreign affairs ministry of Morocco, responsible for implementing Morocco's foreign policy and ensuring relations with foreign states.
Its head office is in Rabat and is one of the so-called "ministries of sovereignty", which report directly to the king of Morocco, alongside the ministries of the interior and religious affairs.
Since 5 April 2017, Nasser Bourita is the incumbent minister, and is assisted by his junior minister, Abdelkrim Benatiq, who serves as the Minister Delegate to the Minister of Foreign Affairs, in charge of Moroccans living abroad and Migration Affairs.

## Organization and structure

The ministry was created by Dahir No. 1-56-097 of 26 April 1956, four months after the formation of the government of Mbarek Bekkay, first Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Morocco. The ministry is headed by the Secretary of State, currently Mounia Boucetta since April 2017. As of 2017, the ministry manages and staffs 91 embassies, 53 consulates-general and several Permanent Missions. The ministry obtained its current name following a cabinet shuffle in 2019.

## List of ministers

* Ahmed Balafrej (1956–1958)
* Abdallah Ibrahim (1958–1960)
* Driss M'Hammedi (1960–1961)
* Ahmed Balafrej (1961–1963)
* Ahmed Reda Guedira [fr] (1963–1964)
* Ahmed Taibi Benhima [Wikidata] (1964–1966)
* Mohamed Cherkaoui (1966–1967)
* Ahmed Laraki (1967–1971)
* Abdellatif Filali (1971–1972)
* Ahmed Taibi Benhima (1972–1974)
* Ahmed Laraki (1974–1977)
* M'hamed Boucetta (1977–1983)
* Abdelouahed Belkeziz (1983–1985)
* Abdellatif Filali (1985–1999)
* Mohamed Benaissa (1999 – 15 October 2007)
* Taieb Fassi Fihri (15 October 2007 – 3 January 2012)
* Saad-Eddine El Othmani (3 January 2012 – 10 October 2013)
* Salaheddine Mezouar (10 October 2013 – 5 April 2017)
* Nasser Bourita (5 April 2017 – present)
# Barnard's Star b

Barnard's Star b, or Barnard b, is a sub-Earth-mass exoplanet closely orbiting Barnard's Star, a nearby red dwarf star six light-years from Earth. The planet was discovered using radial velocity observations from the ESPRESSO spectrograph on the Very Large Telescope, and was announced on 1 October 2024. It is the second from its star of four known planets in its system.
The designation "Barnard's Star b" was first used for a different planetary candidate announced in 2018, the existence of which was later refuted.

## Characteristics

Barnard b orbits close to its star, completing an orbit every 3.15 days at a distance of 0.023 AU (3.4 million km; 2.1 million mi). It orbits closer to the star than the habitable zone and so is too hot to be potentially habitable, with an estimated equilibrium temperature of 438 K (165 °C; 329 °F). Its orbital eccentricity is near zero, meaning its orbit is nearly circular.
Barnard b is a sub-Earth, with a minimum mass of 0.3 times the mass of Earth, and is thus likely a rocky planet. Its true mass is uncertain since its orbital inclination is unknown. The radius of Barnard b is also unknown, and TESS observations show no evidence that it transits its host star, which would otherwise allow its radius to be measured. Based on mass-radius relationships, its radius is predicted to be about three-quarters that of Earth. The lack of a transit sets an upper limit of 87.9° on the orbital inclination.
The discovery paper of Barnard b also found evidence for three additional planetary candidates, which were confirmed in 2025. These are all low-mass planets in close orbits, similar to Barnard b.

## History of observations
### Refuted 2018 candidate

In November 2018, an international team of astronomers led by Ignasi Ribas announced the detection by radial velocity of a candidate super-Earth orbiting Barnard's Star, which was referred to as Barnard's Star b. However, the existence of this planet was refuted in 2021, when the radial velocity signal was found to originate from long-term activity on the star itself, related to its rotation. Further studies in the following years confirmed this result.
This planet was thought to orbit every 233 days at 0.4 AU, near the stellar system's snow line, and to have a minimum mass of 3.2 M$_E$. The planet would have most likely been frigid, with an estimated equilibrium temperature of about 105 K (−168 °C; −271 °F), placing it outside its host star's presumed habitable zone.

### 2024 confirmation

On 1 October 2024, the discovery of the planet now known as Barnard b was announced by a team of astronomers led by Jonay González Hernández, using radial velocity data from the ESPRESSO spectrograph on the Very Large Telescope. This constituted the first convincing evidence for a planet orbiting Barnard's Star. Additionally, three other candidate low-mass planets were proposed in this study, all orbiting closer to the star than the habitable zone. Barnard's Star b (or Barnard b) is a re-use of the designation originally used for the refuted super-Earth candidate.
# Hughes Creek (Apple Creek tributary)

Hughes Creek is a stream in Cape Girardeau County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Apple Creek.
The stream headwaters arise just west of Oak Ridge (at ) and the stream flows to the northeast passing under I-55 and U.S. Route 61 to its confluence with Apple Creek about two miles southeast of Old Appleton at .
Hughes Creek has the name of a pioneer citizen.
# Kimmen Sjölander

Kimmen Sjölander (née Warnow) is professor emerita at the University of California, Berkeley in the Department of Bioengineering. She is well known for her work on protein sequence analysis.

## Biography

Sjölander did both her undergraduate and graduate work at the University of California, Santa Cruz in the Department of Computer Science, earning a bachelor's degree in 1993 and a PhD in 1997 under the supervision of David Haussler. She was the chief scientist in the Molecular Applications Group from 1997-1999 (company co-founded by Michael Levitt) and then principal scientist in Protein Informatics at Celera Genomics from 1999-2001, where she was a member of the team (along with J. Craig Venter and Gene Myers) who assembled and annotated the Human Genome. She joined the faculty at the University of California, Berkeley in the Department of Bioengineering in 2001 as an assistant professor. She was tenured in 2006, and promoted to full professor in 2012.

## Awards

Sjölander received the NSF CAREER Award and the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers in 2003.

## Research

Sjölander is most well known for her work in phylogenomic methods for protein sequence analysis, including machine learning methods for functional site prediction and ortholog identification, and hidden Markov model (HMM) methods for protein structure prediction, functional subfamily and ortholog classification, remote homology detection, multiple sequence alignment, and phylogenetic tree estimation. Her algorithms were used in the functional annotation of the human genome at Celera Genomics, in the PhyloFacts bioinformatics databases and portals, and contributed to the ModBase database.

## Personal

Sjölander's twin sister Tandy Warnow is a professor of computer science at the University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign.

## Selected publications

* Venter, J Craig; et al. (2001), "The sequence of the human genome", Science, 291 (5507): 1304–1351, Bibcode:2001Sci...291.1304V, doi:10.1126/science.1058040, PMID 11181995.
* Krogh, Anders; Brown, Michael; Mian, Saira; Sjölander, Kimmen; Haussler, David (1994), "Hidden Markov models in computational biology: Applications to protein modeling", Journal of Molecular Biology, 235 (5): 1501–1531, doi:10.1006/jmbi.1994.1104, PMID 8107089.
* Sjolander, Kimmen; Karplus, Kevin; Brown, Michael; Hughey, Richard; Krogh, Anders; Mian, Saira; Haussler, David (1996), "Dirichlet mixtures: a method for improved detection of weak but significant protein sequence homology", Bioinformatics, 12 (4): 327–345, doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/12.4.327, PMID 8902360.
# William Henry Bean

William Henry Bean (c. 1843 – date of death unknown) was a prominent South Australian businessman and parliamentarian.
He was first elected to the Sixth Parliament of the South Australian House of Assembly for the District of West Torrens on March 28th, 1870, serving alongside Henry Strangways. His term lasted until November 23th, 1871, when he lost his seat following the dissolution of Parliament.
Bean was later re-elected to the Ninth Parliament (1878–1881), this time serving with William James Magarey, from April 2th, 1878 to March 19th, 1881. He successfully retained his seat in the Tenth Parliament(1881–1884), serving alongside Frederick Estcourt Bucknall from April 8th, 1881 to March 19, 1884. He did not contest the 1884 elections.
Bean's brother George Bean had held the seat previously and lost it under controversial circumstances. This is one of very few cases in Australia of a pair of brothers being parliamentarians.
He conducted the Adelaide affairs of Bean Brothers while George was overseas from 1869 to 1878. He also organised a large number of wool, hide, meat and bark shipments in partnership with H. J. Wilke.
He was appointed Justice of the Peace in 1872 but resigned in 1874.
W. H. Bean (with Wilke) bought into a gold discovery "Golding's Find" at Mount Torrens in 1870. and was a director in James Scott's "El Dorado" Mount Pleasant mine in 1872.
He was on the board of the South Australian Zoological and Acclimatization Society. He resigned or was dropped in 1884.
In 1884 Bean Brothers Limited successfully sued him in the Supreme Court for making unauthorised payments. He was declared insolvent in 1885.
He was in London at the time of his brother George's death in 1912.
South Australian House of Assembly :
| Preceded byJohn Pickering | Member for West Torrens 1870-1871 With: Henry Strangways | Succeeded byJames Boucaut |
# Springdale Township, Pennsylvania

Springdale Township is a township in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. It contains the two communities of Orrville and Harwick. The population was 1,636 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

Springdale Township is located at 40°33′17″N 79°47′20″W﻿ / ﻿40.55472°N 79.78889°W﻿ / 40.55472; -79.78889 (40.55474 -79.78914). According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 2.4 square miles (6.2 km$^2$), of which 2.2 square miles (5.7 km$^2$) is land and 0.2 square miles (0.52 km$^2$), or 6.28%, is water.

### Surrounding and adjacent neighborhoods

Springdale Township has two land borders, including Springdale and Cheswick to the south, Harmar Township to the west, and Frazier and East Deer townships to the north. Across the Allegheny River to the east are Plum and New Kensington.

## Demographics

At the time of the 2000 census, there were 1,802 people, 797 households, and 536 families living in the township.
The population density was 804.9 inhabitants per square mile (310.8/km$^2$). There were 838 housing units at an average density of 374.3 per square mile (144.5/km$^2$).
The racial makeup of the township was 99.61% White, 0.06% African American, and 0.33% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.11%.
There were 797 households, 22.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.0% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.7% were non-families. 28.4% of households were made up of individuals, and 11.5% were one person aged 65 or older.
The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.75.
The age distribution was 18.6% under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 28.4% from 45 to 64, and 20.5% 65 or older. The median age was 44 years.
For every 100 females, there were 92.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.2 males.
The median household income was $39,071 and the median family income was $43,269. Males had a median income of $33,472 versus $29,375 for females.
The per capita income for the township was $21,598.
Approximately 3.8% of families and 5.0% of the population were living below the poverty line, including 3.7% of those under age 18 and 4.4% of those age 65 or over.

## Government and politics

Presidential election results :
| Year | Republican | Democratic | Third parties |
| 2020 | 57% 567 | 41% 407 | 1% 13 |
| 2016 | 58% 492 | 41% 352 | 1% 7 |
| 2012 | 54% 441 | 46% 377 | 1% 4 |

## Education

Springdale Township is served by the Allegheny Valley School District, which utilizes Springdale Jr-Sr High School.

## Recreation

Recreational areas of Springdale Township include Agan Park, Marina Park, Harwick Park, Williams Street Park, and the Pennsylvania State Game Lands Number 203.

## Communities

* Harwick
* Orrville
# Addison White

Addison White (May 1, 1824 – February 4, 1909) was an American politician who served the state of Kentucky in the United States House of Representatives between 1851 and 1853.

## Biography

Addison White was born in Abingdon, Washington County, Virginia on May 1, 1824, to Colonel James White. The Whites were considered the "First Family" of Clay County, Kentucky. Addison's father was among the richest men in America due to his myriad business interests including salt mining which lead to his nickname "The King of Salt."
He graduated from Princeton College in 1844. In 1850, he was elected as a Whig to the U.S. House of Representatives, serving one term. Addison's 1st cousin, John White preceded his service and his nephew John D. White followed him, also representing Kentucky. He was also a cousin removed of Hugh Lawson White, Brigadier General James White, and Joseph Lanier Williams.
White served in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War.
After the war, he moved to Huntsville, Alabama and became a successful businessman and died there on February 4, 1909. He was buried in Maple Hill Cemetery in Huntsville.
# Muhammad Rizwan Jr.

Muhammad Rizwan Jr. (born 25 November 1991) is a Pakistani field hockey player who plays as a midfielder for the Pakistan national team.
He was included in the squad for the 2012 Olympic Games in London, UK.
Rizwan now plays his club hockey for Khalsa Leamington in the Men's England Hockey League.
# Lantau Channel

Lantau Channel (Chinese: 大嶼海峽) is a channel south of Fan Lau Kok of Lantau Island in Hong Kong. The channel is also on the water boundary between Hong Kong and mainland China. Across the border is the islands of Guishan Dao (桂山島), Niutou Dao (牛頭島) and Zhongxin Dao (中心島) of Wanshan Archipelago.
The channel is on the strategic sea route and defense structures like Fan Lau Fort was built to defend the territories.
# Avrim Blum

Avrim Louis Blum (born 27 May 1966) is a computer scientist. In 2007, he was made a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery "for contributions to learning theory and algorithms." Blum attended MIT, where he received his Ph.D. in 1991 under professor Ron Rivest. He was a professor of computer science at Carnegie Mellon University from 1991 to 2017.
In 2017, he joined Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago as professor and chief academic officer.
His main work has been in the area of theoretical computer science, with particular activity in the fields of machine learning, computational learning theory, algorithmic game theory, database privacy, and algorithms.
Avrim is the son of two other well-known computer scientists, Manuel Blum, 1995 Turing Award winner, and Lenore Blum.
# Telearuba 13

Telearuba (Call sign: P4A 13) is a television station that broadcasts on NTSC channel 13 in Aruba with an effective radiated power of 3,456 watts. The station was founded on 29 September 1963 on channel to offer local programming. Instrumental in the creation was the role of the Bartell Group, a United States–based set of radio and television stations, as the government of the Netherlands Antilles joined with the Bartell Group to form the Netherlands Antilles Television & Electronic Company.
The new station received interference from a local Venevisión affiliate in Venezuela, also on channel 12, and was given permission to move to channel 13 later on. The station also received some technical assistance from TeleCuraçao (PJC-TV), which had also set up a relay transmitter in Aruba. The station converted to colour broadcasts in 1973. When Aruba gained its separate status from Curaçao in 1986, the station cut its ties with TeleCuraçao (which remained a part of the government of the Netherlands Antilles), becoming an independent operation.
In 2004, Aruban cable company SETAR acquired Telearuba and initiated a process of digitization of its equipments. In March 2005, the new administration unveiled a new logo for the channel. The station invested in a new broadcasting truck in 2007 to operate on both analog and standard definition. In 2009, Telearuba changed to digital equipment in readiness for the start of high definition broadcasts and started recording content using hard disks and memory cards. The following year, Telearuba started HD broadcasts. Its outside truck was converted in 2017 in order to use high definition equipment.