# Elk Grove, California

Elk Grove is a city in Sacramento County, California, United States. Located just south of the state capital of Sacramento, it is part of the Sacramento metropolitan area. As of the 2020 Census, the population of the city was 176,124. A 2021 Census estimate puts the population of the city at 187,985. Elk Grove has many wineries, wine cellars, and vineyards. Elk Grove was the fastest-growing city in the U.S. between July 1, 2004, and July 1, 2005, and is also presently the second-largest city in Sacramento County by population.
It is a general law city with a council/manager form of government. One of Elk Grove's largest employers is the Elk Grove Unified School District, which is the city's second-largest employer.

## History

The Miwok inhabited the area.
Spanish explorer Gabriel Moraga entered the region in 1808, naming the valley "Sacramento Valley" in honor of Sacramento, the Holy Sacrament in Spanish, giving the northerly city of Sacramento its name. A writer on Moraga's expedition wrote of the region:
   Canopies of oaks and cottonwoods, many festooned with grapevines, overhung both sides of the blue current. Birds chattered in the trees and big fish darted through the pellucid depths. The air was like champagne, and (the Spaniards) drank deep of it, drank in the beauty around them.
Elk Grove was founded in 1850 as a stage stop for travelers coming from Sacramento and the San Francisco Bay Area, when the Elk Grove Hotel and Stage Stop was opened by James Hall and the town was named after it. He named the area Elk Grove because he found some elk horns in nearby tree groves, and he lived in a town of the same name in the state of Missouri. In 1868 the Western Division of the Central Pacific Railroad came through about a mile east of Elk Grove. At this new location another hotel was built to accommodate travelers and was named the Elk Grove Hotel.
In the following decades, Elk Grove remained a small farming community with little urban development. In the late 1980s, suburban development projects began to spring up around the community, specifically in the north near Sacramento. These were meant to serve Sacramento's population, as well as San Francisco commuters seeking a commuting community relatively near the San Francisco Bay Area where they could reside. Such changes triggered a period of rapid growth. On July 1, 2000, Elk Grove incorporated as a city. The city's growth peaked in 2004 and 2005, when Elk Grove was declared the fastest growing city in the US.
Apple Inc. manufactured its iMac line in Elk Grove as late as 2002. After many of those tasks were offshored in 2004, the facility was converted into the modern Apple Elk Grove campus. In 2018, Apple invested $4.2 million into expanding the office space, expanding its already established AppleCare support presence in the region.
In 2008, Elk Grove suffered heavily from the subprime mortgage crisis due to its suburban nature.
In 2011, two Sikh American grandfathers were killed while out for a walk on Stockton Boulevard. This led to a national public outcry by the community, raising safety concerns for the city's 3,000 Sikh community members. The city completed the "Singh and Kaur Park" in 2021 to commemorate the lives of the slain men, and to raise awareness about the Sikh faith. In 2020, Elk Grove elected Bobbie Allen-Singh as its new mayor, making her the first Sikh woman to hold the position of mayor in an American city. She secured re-election for her second term in 2022 and for her third term in 2024, achieving victories in both elections by progressively larger margins.

## Geography
### Climate

Elk Grove is 5–10 miles (8–16 km) south of the state capital in Sacramento and experiences a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen: Csa) with hot summers and cool winters. Summers are moderated by a cool Pacific Ocean breeze also known as the "delta breeze" which comes through the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta from the San Francisco Bay.
Climate data for Elk Grove, California :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 74 (23) | 79 (26) | 88 (31) | 95 (35) | 103 (39) | 112 (44) | 112 (44) | 113 (45) | 117 (47) | 101 (38) | 86 (30) | 73 (23) | 117 (47) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 56 (13) | 61 (16) | 66 (19) | 72 (22) | 80 (27) | 88 (31) | 93 (34) | 92 (33) | 88 (31) | 78 (26) | 64 (18) | 56 (13) | 75 (24) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 41 (5) | 42 (6) | 44 (7) | 47 (8) | 51 (11) | 56 (13) | 59 (15) | 59 (15) | 59 (15) | 53 (12) | 46 (8) | 40 (4) | 50 (10) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 21 (−6) | 23 (−5) | 25 (−4) | 34 (1) | 37 (3) | 41 (5) | 49 (9) | 50 (10) | 44 (7) | 31 (−1) | 24 (−4) | 15 (−9) | 15 (−9) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 3.5 (89) | 3.38 (86) | 2.88 (73) | 1.31 (33) | 0.65 (17) | 0.16 (4.1) | 0.05 (1.3) | 0.06 (1.5) | 0.31 (7.9) | 0.92 (23) | 2.13 (54) | 2.91 (74) | 18.59 (472) |
| Source: ||||||||||||||

## Demographics
### 2020

Elk Grove city, California – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000 | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 32,252 | 58,305 | 51,218 | 53.77% | 38.10% | 29.08% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 4,967 | 16,462 | 17,149 | 8.28% | 10.76% | 9.74% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 370 | 507 | 521 | 0.62% | 0.33% | 0.30% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 10,392 | 39,479 | 58,036 | 17.32% | 25.80% | 32.95% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 336 | 1,731 | 2,446 | 0.56% | 1.13% | 1.39% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 237 | 350 | 1,141 | 0.40% | 0.33% | 0.65% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 3,032 | 8,600 | 12,221 | 5.05% | 5.62% | 6.94% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 8,398 | 27,581 | 33,392 | 14.00% | 18.03% | 18.96% |
| Total | 59,984 | 153,015 | 176,124 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |

## Economy
### Employers

Top 12 employers in Elk Grove in 2022 :
| # | Employer | # of Employees |
| 1 | Apple Inc. | 5,000 |
| 2 | Elk Grove Unified School District | 3,857 |
| 3 | CA Correctional Health Care Services | 1,437 |
| 4 | Walmart (3 locations) | 569 |
| 5 | Kaiser Permanente (2 locations) | 530 |
| 6 | Costco Wholesale Corporation | 400 |
| 7 | Raley's/Bel Air Markets | 378 |
| 8 | City of Elk Grove | 374 |
| 9 | Alldata LLC | 363 |
| 10 | Cosumnes Community Services District | 318 |
| 11 | Safeway (2 locations) | 252 |
| 12 | Trader Joe's | 100 |

## Arts and culture
### Public libraries

The Elk Grove Public Library is located at 8900 Elk Grove Boulevard in a modern two-story building; it moved to this location in 2008 from its old building one block east. The library is part of the broader Sacramento Public Library system. The Elk Grove Library also serves neighboring communities such as Vineyard, Wilton, Sloughhouse, and Rancho Murieta. Additional local libraries supplement neighborhoods, such as the public Franklin High Library. The Elk Grove Public Library was the first free public library branch in California.

## Parks and recreation

Cosumnes Community Services District owns and operates over 100 parks in Elk Grove, including Emerald Lakes Golf Course.

## Government

Beginning in 2012, voters elect the mayor for a two-year term. Prior to 2012, the mayor's position was a one-year term and was chosen by the city council. The remaining four positions on the city council are elected by districts for four-year terms.
On November 8, 2016, Steve Ly became the second directly elected mayor following Gary Davis. He is the first ethnic Hmong mayor in the United States, having immigrated at the age of four with his family as refugees from Laos after the end of the Vietnam War. Currently, Bobbie Singh-Allen sits as mayor having defeated Ly in the 2020 election following Ly's controversial tenure. The remaining council members are Darren Suen (District 1), Rod Brewer (District 2), Kevin Spease (District 3) and Sergio Robles (District 4).
Elk Grove is in California's 7th congressional district, represented by Democrat Doris Matsui.
The Cosumnes Community Services District is the largest Community Services District in California and provides parks and recreation services and fire protection services in Elk Grove. Located in southern Sacramento County, the district covers 157 square miles (410 km$^2$).The board of directors is the governing body of the district and is composed of five duly-elected or appointed residents. At the beginning of each year, the board selects from its members a president and vice-president to serve during the ensuing year.

## Education

The Elk Grove Unified School District is the fifth largest school district in California and one of the fastest growing school districts in the nation. It also consistently ranks among the top school districts in the state. Located in southern Sacramento County, the district covers 320 square miles (830 km$^2$), one-third of the county. For the 2002–03 school year, the district served more than 52,500 students, and grew to 62,767 students in the 2016–2017 school year. Those students attend 40 elementary schools, 9 middle schools, 9 high schools and 7 alternative high schools.
There are also several private schools in town. A local community college, Cosumnes River College, offers both career training and a transfer program to four-year universities, such as the CSU system and UC system across the state of California. Located nearby are California State University, Sacramento and the University of California, Davis. In 2013, California Northstate University College of Pharmacy, which offers a Doctor of Pharmacy degree program, relocated to Elk Grove (near Interstate 5).

## Infrastructure
### Buses

Elk Grove is serviced by an E-tran, a fared bus system that traverses many of the city's main routes. SmaRT Ride is a free, on-demand, Sacramento Regional Transit District system for students that services main routes.

### Rail

There are plans for SacRT to expand its light rail system two miles south from Cosumnes River College to Elk Grove Boulevard; however, these plans for a new light-rail station are currently in the planning phase.
Amtrak California San Joaquin inter-city rail and Altamont Corridor Express commuter rail were expected to be brought directly to Elk Grove in 2021, on the existing rail line which extends from Marysville in the north to Stockton in the south. In February 2024, Mayor Bobbie Singh-Allen announced that the City of Elk Grove had closed escrow on the new station property.

### Highways

Interstate 5 and California State Route 99 run North to South and parallel with each other through the city.
Currently there are plans for a expressway connection to connect Interstate 5 and California State Route 99, called the Capital SouthEast Connector. Currently to get to U.S. Route 50 in California and points east, traffic has to flow northward through Downtown Sacramento. This Expressway will bypass downtown and connect to Highway 50 along with the cities of Rancho Cordova, Folsom, and El Dorado Hills.

## Notable people

* Arik Armstead (born 1993), defensive lineman for NFL's Jacksonville Jaguars
* Armond Armstead (born 1990), defensive tackle for CFL's Toronto Argonauts
* Ami Bera (born 1965), physician; U.S. Representative, 7th district, California
* Scott Boras (born 1952), baseball sports agent who was named "Most Powerful Sports Agent" in 2013 by Forbes
* Lance Briggs (born 1980), linebacker for NFL's Chicago Bears
* Ally Carda, 2020 Tokyo silver medalist in softball
* Dylan Carlson (born 1998), outfielder for the St. Louis Cardinals
* Bill Cartwright (born 1957), player and coach for NBA's Chicago Bulls
* J. D. Davis (born 1993), third baseman for the San Francisco Giants
* Cody Demps (born 1993), basketball player for Hapoel Be'er Sheva of the Israeli Basketball Premier League
* Earl Gage Jr. (ca. 1927–2017), firefighter
* Nabilai Kibunguchy (born 1998), soccer player
* Kyle Larson (born 1992), NASCAR driver and 2021 NASCAR Cup Series champion
* Matt Manning, baseball player
* Jeremy Reeves, Grammy winning producer
* Saweetie, rapper
* Scott Smith (born 1979), mixed martial artist
* Tyler, the Creator (born 1991), rapper, songwriter, record producer
* Riley Voelkel (born 1990), actress
* Kenny Wiggins, lineman for NFL's Detroit Lions

## Sister cities

Elk Grove is a sister city of Concepción de Ataco in El Salvador.