# Lee Jun-seok

Lee Jun-seok (Korean: 이준석; born 31 March 1985) is a South Korean politician who served as party leader of the conservative New Reform Party since January 2024.
Lee entered politics as a relatively young member of the Park Geun-hye presidential administration, during which he served as one of the 11-member Grand National Party's (later renamed Saenuri Party) Executive Leadership Council, the youngest member ever to sit on the Council. After the impeachment of Park in 2016, he left the Saenuri Party and joined the centre-right conservative minor Bareun Party, of which he served as one of the party's Supreme Council members. The Bareun Party merged into the Bareunmirae Party, and Lee's faction of that party later merged with the majority right-wing conservative Party to form the current People Power Party (PPP).
In June 2021, the PPP voted to select Lee Jun-seok as its leader, making him the youngest person in South Korean history to lead the main conservative bloc. As leader of the PPP, Lee led his party to victory in the 2022 presidential election and the 2022 local elections. He has been noted for his staunch anti-feminism and support from South Korean idaenam.
On 8 July 2022, Lee was given a six-month suspension from the PPP as the result of a bribery and prostitution scandal. Lee was officially removed from party leadership on 9 August. On 20 September, Police decided not to refer Lee to prosecution over sexual bribery charges. On 7 October, Lee's party suspension was extended by a year by the party's ethics committee. On 13 October, police decided not to refer Lee to prosecution over evidence destruction.
His suspension from the PPP was removed on 2 November 2023, together with three other politicians' suspensions. Since then, he has left the PPP to establish a new party, the New Reform Party.

## Early life

Lee Jun-seok was born at Hanyang University Hospital in Seongdong District, Seoul on 31 March 1985. His father, Su-Wol Lee, was the previous head of the global institutional sales team at Shinhan Bank, while mother, Hyang-Ja Kim, was a teacher at Andong Girls' High School. During his adolescent years, he lived in a semi-basement house in Sanggye-dong, an impoverished neighbourhood where the housing price was the cheapest. A few years later, his family eventually moved to a middle-class district Hanshin Village in Sanggye-dong and lived there for ten years. After his father was assigned overseas, he stayed in Singapore and Indonesia for one year.
When he returned to Korea, he settled in Mok-dong and graduated from Wolchon Middle School. After graduating from Middle School, he mainly lived in a dormitory due to academic reasons. He returned to Sanggye-dong after 20 years. During his time at Seoul Science High School, Lee Jun-Seok served as the vice president of the student council. In March 2003, he was accepted at KAIST as a Math major but withdrew admission right after receiving his Harvard acceptance letter and full-ride presidential science scholarship.
After graduating from Harvard University in 2007, Lee Jun-seok returned to Korea to perform military duties working as a software developer (alternative military service as industrial technical personnel) at 'Innotive', an image browsing software startup, a subsidiary of Nexon. While on duty, Lee established a non-profit organization called Edushare 'Society of Sharing Education' and became its acting representative.
After completing his national service, Lee prepared to start his own venture. He received funding from the venture startup program backed by the SME (Small & Medium Enterprise) Ministry on 5 August 2011 and founded Classe Studio: an ed-tech startup that developed personalized tutoring software and workplace training applications.

## Political career

Lee had an interview with Park Geun-hye, the head of Grand National Party's emergency response committee, who visited 'Edushare' in November 2011 for 2 hours. He was introduced as a venture entrepreneur in his 20s who graduated from Harvard University on 29 December. Then, Lee was recruited to the emergency response committee of the Grand National Party.
After being appointed to the committee, Lee attracted attention with his eloquence in debate. He increased his public recognition by appearing on various TV Shows. Then, Lee ran for the National Assembly election in 2016 in Sanggye-dong against Ahn Cheol-soo (the running candidate for Presidential primary) but lost.
Lee was nicknamed as 'Park Geun-hye Kid', but supported Park's impeachment in October 2016. Lee left with Saenuri Party and established a new political party, named the Bareun Party with Yoo Seong-min. In 2018, Lee unsuccessfully ran for the National Assembly election. Before the 21st election of members of the National Assembly, Lee was appointed as a youth supreme representative in Future Unification Party.
After seeing a taxi driver setting fire to himself in the National Assembly, Lee acquired a taxi driver's license and worked as a taxi driver for 12 hours daily for two months in March and April 2019. Even though Lee never won an election, he lived as a political commentator, media host for 10 years, appearing on both entertainment and political TV Shows.

### Leader of the People Power Party

In 2021, Lee ran for the election to select the representative of the People Power Party. He became popular in the 20s and 30s due to his opposing stance against political correctness such as "faux feminism," introducing reforms supporting meritocracy rather than outright equality of outcome. Lee lost the partial election to Na Kyung-won, but won the main election, recording 43.82 percent (93,390 votes) including votes from the Public Opinion Poll. As a result, Lee was elected as the leader of the PPP, the youngest to represent the main conservative bloc in Korean political history.
Lee has a negative stance on affirmative action. He is rated as having Idaenam as his main support.

#### Conflict with Yoon Suk Yeol

On November 29, 2021, Lee posted a Facebook post saying "If that is the case, this is it," with another post showing a text emoji of a smiling face and a thumbs-down gesture, and has refused to answer on the phone and has been avoiding the press until December 3. The move was considered to be a protest against Yoon Suk Yeol ignoring him as leader of the party. The feud was resolved by their meeting in Ulsan on December 3.

### Ethics investigation, suspension, and ouster

On 22 April 2022, the PPP opened an ethics violation complaint against Lee Jun-seok for an allegation of sexual favours in 2013. Lee denied the allegation and filed a lawsuit against the YouTube channel that made the allegation. Lee is the first chairman in the history of the country's main conservative party to be referred to the ethics committee for review while still in office.
On 8 July 2022, the PPP's ethics commission sentenced Lee to a six-month suspension of party activities and from his role as party leader until 8 January 2023. The subject of the committee's deliberation was the alleged attempts of Lee and Kim Cheol-keun, the head of the party's political affairs office, to destroy evidence. Kim Cheol-keun was handed a two-year suspension from party activities for destroying evidence of Lee Jun-seok's acceptance of sexual favors and bribery.
On 9 August, Lee was automatically removed from party leadership. Joo Ho-young took over as interim party leader on the following day.
On 26 August, a court decided that Lee's removal was against the party constitution. On 8 September, the PPP central committee amended the party constitution, and Chung Jin-Seok took over as the new interim party leader instead. On 20 September, police decided not to refer Lee to prosecution over sexual bribery charges.
On 7 October, Lee's suspension was extended by another year by the PPP's ethics committee.
On 13 October, police concluded that 'the footage proving that Lee Jun-seok had received sexual favors' never actually existed, and police decided not to refer Lee to prosecution over evidence destruction. Lee's suspension was removed, along with other politicians such as Hong Joon-pyo, on 2 November 2023.

## New Reform Party

On 20 January 2024, Lee founded the New Reform Party. On 10 April, he was elected as a member of the National Assembly for the first time. His victory was unexpected, as Lee moved to his new constituency only weeks before the election. He was the only candidate to win a constituency seat defeating both of the main parties in Korea, the People Power Party and the Democratic Party of Korea.

## Criticism

Lee is considered a moderate conservative or libertarian within the PPP on most issues but has attracted controversy due to his stances on some issues. Lee drew strong support from idaenam anti-feminist young men and Lee has stated that feminism has a totalitarian inclination. Na Kyung-won, a leading female politician in the PPP, likened Lee's politics as "Trumpism."
Lee Jae-myung, the Democratic Party presidential candidate in the 2022 presidential election, said Lee Jun-seok's political popularity was the result of the public's desire for political reform, but also expressed concern that such aspirations could risk heading toward far-right populism. South Korean liberal newspaper Hankyoreh also compared Lee Joon-seok to Donald Trump, analyzing that there may be many differences in the political direction of the two, but the background of their dissatisfaction with the established system is similar.

## Authored books

* Lee Jun-seok (11 April 2012). 어린 놈이 정치를? : 이준석이 말하는 issue 25 (in Korean). Seoul: jcontentree M&B. ISBN 978-89-6456-168-3.
* Lee Jun-seok, Sohn Ah-ram (5 March 2018). 그 의견에는 동의합니다 : 보수와 진보의 새로운 아이콘, 좌우의 간극과 그 접점을 이야기하다 (in Korean). Paju: book21. ISBN 978-89-509-7394-0.
* Lee Jun-seok (28 June 2019). 공정한 경쟁 : 대한민국 보수의 가치와 미래를 묻다 (in Korean). Seoul: 나무옆의자. ISBN 979-11-6157-061-7.
* Lee Jun-seok (7 March 2023). 이준석의 거부할 수 없는 미래 (in Korean). Seoul: 21세기북스. ISBN 978-89-5095-379-9.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link)

## Election results
### General elections

| Year | Constituency | Political party | Votes (%) | Remarks |
| 2016 | Nowon C | Saenuri | 32,285 (31.32%) | Defeated |
| 2018 | Nowon C | Bareunmirae | 25,001 (27.23%) | Defeated |
| 2020 | Nowon C | United Future | 46,373 (44.36%) | Defeated |
| 2024 | Hwaseong B | New Reform | 51,856 (42.41%) | Elected |