# Jazz (mobile network operator)

Pakistan Mobile Communications Limited (PMCL), doing business as Jazz, is a Pakistani wireless network operator headquartered in Islamabad.

## History

Jazz was founded as Mobilink in 1994 in a joint venture between Saif Group and Motorola Inc. In February 2001, Egypt based Orascom Investment Holding bought Motorola's shares in Jazz to become the majority shareholder with 69% control. Then, in June 2007, Orascom further purchased the remaining shares under Saif Group's control to become Jazz's 100% owner.
In 2010, Dutch operator VEON agreed to acquire most of the telecom assets of Orascom, including Jazz, in a $6.5 billion deal, creating the world's fifth-largest mobile network operator by subscriber base. In November 2015, VEON announced the acquisition of Warid Pakistan, a subsidiary of Abu Dhabi Group. Completed in July 2016 after due approvals, the first-ever local telecom company acquisition created a combined subscriber base of 50 million. Following the merger of Mobilink and Warid Pakistan, Mobilink was officially rebranded to Jazz in 2017.
In March 2021, VEON's ownership rose to 100% after acquiring 15% of the shares held by Abu Dhabi Group for US$273 million.

## Users

As of January 2025, Jazz has 72 million subscribers in Pakistan, among which 51 million are 4G subscribers. It has the highest market share of all mobile network operators at 37%.

## Network

Jazz has over 14,000 active cell sites in the country, with over 25,000 kilometers of fiber-optic cables laid. Huawei, Nokia-Siemens, and ZTE are the primary vendors for networking equipment at Jazz, including Radio Base Stations, microwave equipment and network switches.
In 2014, Jazz participated in the 2014 NGMS auction held by PTA, which allowed them to bid for a 3G license, and a 10 MHz block in the 2100 MHz band was allocated to Jazz.
In March 2017, Jazz inaugurated their Network Operations Center (NOC) which makes use of IBM and Dell EMC products to manage day-to-day network operations and provides the company with 24x7 network surveillance.

### Radio frequency summary

| Frequency | Protocol | Band | Class | Channel Width |
| 900 MHz | GSM/GPRS/EDGE | 8 | 2G | 7.4 MHz |
| 900 MHz | LTE/LTE-A | 8 | 4G/4G+ | 5 MHz |
| 1800 MHz | LTE/LTE-A | 3 | 4G/4G+ | 20 MHz |
| 2100 MHz | LTE/LTE-A | 1 | 4G/4G+ | 10 MHz |
Jazz's participation in the 2014 NGMS Auction held by PTA allowed them to bid for the 3G license, which included a 10 MHz block in the 2100 MHz band. In July 2014, they announced that they have over 10,000 3G and 9,000 4G ready cell sites. Jazz did not bid for any 4G spectrum in the 2014 NGMS auction.
Post-merger with Warid, Jazz was able to use Warid's license allowing them to become a 4G network using a 5 MHz block in the 1800 MHz band. In May 2017, Jazz won the 2017 NGMS auction held by PTA. This includes a 10 MHz block in the 1800 MHz (FDD-LTE Band 3) frequency to be used for Jazz 4G. Jazz was also awarded additional 4G spectrum on 30 June 2017 by PTA.

#### 4G+ / LTE-A launch

Jazz has refarmed a 10 MHz block from its 900 MHz spectrum for carrier aggregation with their existing 1800 MHz 4G spectrum. The LTE-A network would be rolled out to cater for growing demand. This makes them the third carrier after Telenor Pakistan and Zong 4G to officially launch LTE-A in the country.
In July 2021, Jazz upgraded its existing LTE network to LTE-A Pro, with the introduction of 256-QAM and Massive MIMO.

### Voice over LTE (VoLTE)

Jazz tested VoLTE in May 2017 with its partners Huawei and Nokia, announced in a press statement.
Jazz rolled out VoLTE across its network in February 2022, with supported devices including Apple, Samsung, Huawei, Oppo, Vivo, Itel, Xiaomi, Realme, Infinix and Jazz Digit branded feature phones.

### WiFi Calling (VoWiFi)

Jazz rolled out Voice over WiFi (VoWiFi) capabilities branded 'JazzFi' in July 2023. It is one of the two carriers in Pakistan to offer VoWiFi.

### 5G Trials

In January 2020, Jazz had reported that they had successfully carried out 5G trials with reaching speeds of 1.5 Gbit/s. These trials were carried out on the 2.6 GHz spectrum.

### 3G Shutdown

Jazz announced that it would shutdown its 3G network nationwide by November 2024 to repurpose the spectrum for expansion of its 4G network. Their 3G network was completely shut off nationwide on 18 November 2024.

## Subsidiaries
### JazzCash

Jazz had partnered with Mobilink Microfinance Banking to make an entry into the banking market, initially launched under the MobiCash brand name, it was later changed to JazzCash. It is a direct competitor to Telenor Pakistan's Easypaisa.

## Management
### President and CEO

* 1993: Jim Beneda
* 1998: Al F. Barry
* 2003: Zouhair Abdul Khaliq
* 2008: Rashid Khan
* 2014: Jeffrey Hedberg
* 2016: Aamir Hafeez Ibrahim