OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hartmann's operation

A proctosigmoidectomy, Hartmann's operation or Hartmann's procedure is the surgical resection of the rectosigmoid colon with closure of the anorectal stump and formation of an end colostomy. It was used to treat colon cancer or inflammation (proctosigmoiditis, proctitis, diverticulitis, volvulus, etc.). Currently, its use is limited to emergency surgery when immediate anastomosis is not possible, or more rarely it is used palliatively in patients with colorectal tumours.
The Hartmann's procedure with a proximal end colostomy or ileostomy is the most common operation carried out by general surgeons for management of malignant obstruction of the distal colon. During this procedure, the lesion is removed, the distal bowel closed intraperitoneally, and the proximal bowel diverted with a stoma.
The indications for this procedure include:
    a. Localized or generalized peritonitis caused by perforation of the bowel secondary to the cancer
    b. Viable but injured proximal bowel that, in the opinion of the operating surgeon, precludes safe anastomosis
    c. Complicated diverticulitis
    d. Elective resection of rectal cancer or distal colon cancer in patients deemed unfit for anterior resection with anastomosis
Use of the Hartmann's procedure initially had a mortality rate of 8.8%. Currently, the overall mortality rate is lower but varies greatly depending on indication for surgery. One study showed no statistically significant difference in morbidity or mortality between laparoscopic versus open Hartmann procedure.

## Etymology and history

The procedure was first described in 1921 by French surgeon Henri Albert Hartmann. The original two-paragraph article in French together with an English translation by Thomas Pézier and a modern commentary is available. The procedure is described in detail in his book, Chirurgie du Rectum, which was published in 1931 and constituted volume 8 of his Travaux de Chirurgie.
# Pan Am (1998–2004)

Pan American Airways, also known as Pan Am III, was an American airline that operated scheduled services in the eastern United States, as well as charters for tour operators and services to the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico. The carrier was established in 1998 from the ashes of Pan Am II, itself the successor to the original Pan Am airline, which had gone bankrupt in 1991.

## History

The Pan Am brand was sold by the second incarnation of Pan American World Airways to New Hampshire-based Guilford Transportation Industries, a railroad company headed by Timothy Mellon.
After this transaction, a new airline was established on June 29, 1998. Guilford launched Pan American Airways with a fleet of seven Boeing 727-200s. This airline was nicknamed by some as Pan Am III. The third incarnation began scheduled operations on October 7, 1999, and flew to nine cities in New England, Florida, the Canadian Maritimes and Puerto Rico. The focus was on secondary airports such as Orlando Sanford International Airport, Pease International Airport and Worcester Regional Airport.
The new owners relocated the company headquarters from Fort Lauderdale to Portsmouth in December 1998.
Pan American later had cooperative service arrangements with Boston-Maine Airways, a feeder subsidiary incorporated by the airline in March 1999. Pan American also established in 2003 a subsidiary PAWA Dominicana, operating under a joint venture with Boston-Maine Airways.
Guilford ceased operating Pan Am on November 1, 2004, and its operations were transferred to Boston-Maine Airways which in turn operated Pan Am Clipper Connection service with Boeing 727-200 jetliners as well as with British Aerospace BAe Jetstream 31 and CASA C-212 Aviocar commuter turboprops.

## Destinations in 2001

According to its system timetable, the airline was serving the following destinations in the spring of 2001 with Boeing 727-200 jetliners:
* Allentown, Pennsylvania - served via the Lehigh Valley International Airport (ABE)
* Bangor, Maine - served via the Bangor International Airport (BGR)
* Belleville, Illinois - served via the MidAmerica St. Louis Airport (BLV)
* Gary, Indiana - served via the Gary/Chicago International Airport (GYY)
* Orlando, Florida - Hub served via the Orlando Sanford International Airport (SFB)
* Portsmouth, New Hampshire - served via the Portsmouth International Airport (PSM, formerly Pease Air Force Base)
* San Juan, Puerto Rico - served via the Luis Munoz Marin International Airport (SJU)
* Worcester, Massachusetts - served via the Worcester Regional Airport (ORH)

## Fleet

Pan Am operated a fleet of seven Boeing 727-200s. The registration "N" numbers and names of these aircraft were as follows:
* N342PA (Clipper Guilford),
* N343PA ("Bahamas Clipper"),
* N346PA ("Clipper Lady Thatcher"),
* N348PA ("Clipper Ed Ball"),
* N349PA ("Clipper Juan Trippe"),
* N361PA ("Clipper A. Jay Cristol")
* N362PA ("Clipper Lady Thatcher"/"Clipper Omagh").
# Écoles Belges au Maroc

Écoles Belges au Maroc (EBM) is a Belgian international school network in Morocco. It consists of École Belge de Casablanca, with a primary school location in Tamaris, Dar Bouazza, Nouaceur Province; and a secondary school location in Ouled Azzouz; and the École Belge de Rabat in Rabat.
The network serves ages 2 1/2-18 and operates under the authority of the French Community of Belgium, also known as the Federation Wallonia-Brussels (FWB). It is a part of the Association des écoles à programme belge à l'étranger [fr] (AEBE).

## History

The Casablanca school had 524 students in 2014, when it opened, with its initial campus in Dar Bouazza. Its enrollment was above projections. By 2015 enrollment was up to 528 students, with 22% of the students being Belgian. That year, there were 42 Belgian and 23 Moroccan teachers. The new secondary campus for the Casablanca school was scheduled to open in 2017.
The Rabat campus was scheduled to open in 2018. Groundbreaking occurred in January 2017. It opened the following year with 250 students.

## Campuses

The Tamaris campus is about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) from the Morocco Mall.
# Uncle Tetsu

Uncle Tetsu's Cheesecake (Japanese: てつおじさんの店, Tetsu-ojisan no mise) is a Japanese bakery chain that sells cheesecake as its signature dish. It originally opened in Japan in 1990 as a bakery shop on Oyafukou Street in the ward of Hakata-ku in the city of Fukuoka. The founder, Tetsushi Mizokami (溝上 徹思, Mizokami Tetsushi), serves as the namesake for the modern-day global chain.
An Uncle Tetsu's branch opened in Taiwan in 2011, and the cakes became highly popular after being reported on by local television talk show Kangsi Coming. Outside of Japan, the brand has also more than 70 shops active across China, as well as in Hong Kong, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, the Philippines, Indonesia, Cambodia, New Zealand, Australia, Canada, the United States, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and Qatar.

## Popularity
### In China

Uncle Tetsu's entered the Chinese market in 2013, and its products became popular in Shanghai, with customers queueing for hours and purchases being limited to two items per person; because of their widespread popularity, the cheesecakes' sales are limited to one per buyer. There is limited oven capacity, and this makes the line shorter.

## International outlets

The first Uncle Tetsu's outside of Asia opened in 2015, in Toronto, Canada. There are currently over 45 outlets around Japan; with 11 in Malaysia, 9 in Indonesia, and 8 in Taiwan. Stores opened in the Australian cities of Sydney and Melbourne in 2016 and late 2017, respectively; and a branch opened in Auckland, New Zealand, around the same time as Melbourne. Other branches of the chain are present across the United States, particularly in the cities of Waikiki, Los Angeles, and San Mateo. There are thirteen stores in Canada, including in the cities of Toronto, Richmond Hill, Markham, Ottawa, Montreal, Calgary, Vancouver, and Burnaby, and Edmonton . An Uncle Tetsu's outlet opened in Lahore, Pakistan, in 2019.

## Design space

The outlets are known for their warm red-and-white interiors and open-space kitchens, which allow customers to see the desserts being made.
# Riccius (crater)

Riccius is a lunar impact crater that is located in the rugged, southeastern part of the Moon's near side. It was named after Italian astronomers Augustinus Riccius and Matteo Ricci. It lies within one crater diameter southeast of the crater Rabbi Levi. To the east-northeast is Stiborius and due south is Nicolai.
This formation has been so heavily bombarded by subsequent impacts that it is nearly unrecognizable as a crater. Only the western and southwestern parts of the rim remains intact, the remainder having been obliterated by small craters. These craters also occupy parts of the northern and southern floor. Only a section in the northeast and near the intact western rim remain unmarked. This is perhaps the most defaced crater formation on the Moon that possesses an eponym.

## Satellite craters

By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Riccius.
| Riccius | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter |
| A | 35.9° S | 27.4° E | 24 km |
| B | 37.5° S | 27.8° E | 19 km |
| C | 36.2° S | 28.8° E | 24 km |
| D | 40.3° S | 28.9° E | 17 km |
| E | 39.9° S | 26.4° E | 22 km |
| G | 38.5° S | 24.4° E | 13 km |
| H | 35.4° S | 26.1° E | 20 km |
| J | 40.7° S | 26.0° E | 13 km |
| K | 39.1° S | 25.7° E | 6 km |
| L | 41.5° S | 26.8° E | 8 km |
| M | 37.8° S | 26.4° E | 14 km |
| N | 41.1° S | 27.6° E | 13 km |
| O | 36.2° S | 27.8° E | 9 km |
| P | 35.7° S | 28.1° E | 11 km |
| R | 41.4° S | 30.7° E | 7 km |
| S | 37.0° S | 26.5° E | 11 km |
| T | 36.3° S | 25.0° E | 7 km |
| W | 38.9° S | 25.2° E | 19 km |
| X | 38.8° S | 26.7° E | 11 km |
| Y | 35.8° S | 29.1° E | 10 km |
# Lonnie Vigil

Lonnie Vigil (born 1949) is an American potter. He is self-taught and from Nambé Pueblo, New Mexico.

## Early life, education and early career

Vigil grew up at Nambé Pueblo, New Mexico. He began his career as a financial and business consultant in New Mexico and Washington, D.C. after earning a business degree from Eastern New Mexico University, located in Portales, New Mexico. But by the early 1980s, he began to realize that his life in Washington gave him "nothing to feed his soul". A performance of film, music, drama, and dance called "Night of the First Americans" which he attended on March 4, 1982 at the Kennedy Center in Washington, D.C., inspired him to return to New Mexico, where he began working exclusively as a micaceous clay potter.

## Art career

Vigil is singularly credited with reviving unpainted, micaceous pottery and establishing its credibility as a contemporary art form. He defines himself as a "PhD" in his field.
An expert in micaceous clay pottery, he takes classic ceramic techniques and refines them to push the medium beyond the expected norms.
He works primarily in micaceous clay, which is characterized by its sparkling mica flecks, using Nambe clay and slip and traditional outdoor firing techniques. He hand-gathers the clay for each of his pieces, adding sand to make it workable.
Like many contemporary ceramic artists in the American Southwest, Vigil preserves the traditions of his culture while pursuing his own creative initiatives. His artworks reflect the style of his ancestors – hand-built forms used for cooking and storage.
He attributes his success as an artist to the guidance of his great-grandmother, Perfilia Anaya Pena, and great-aunts, who are also potters.
For him, each instance of making a pot is an encounter with Earth Mother and with his Nambe pueblo ancestors who worked the clay before him. He believes that each pot "speaks to the continuity in the identity of family and community", but is simultaneously an act of connection between the potter, Earth Mother, and the ancestral spirits that guide them.

### Creative process

"There is collaboration between the clay and myself – the clay tells me what direction to take. I let the pot dry in the house for a day or two, then take it outside, and smooth the surface. My pots are traditional, and I follow the techniques of my ancestors – except for the asymmetricals I have created. In the past, Pueblo people cooked in clay, using pots for everything. It is not that common anymore; they mostly use them for special occasions." –Lonnie Vigil

## Notable collections

* Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, Massachusetts
* Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, Missouri

## Awards

* Ronald and Susan Dublin Fellowship, School for Advanced Research, 1994
* Native Treasures 2010 Living Treasure Award, Native Treasures: Indian Arts Festival, 2010
* "Best in Show", 2001 Santa Fe Indian Market
# Eagle Rare

Eagle Rare is a brand of bourbon whiskey distilled and distributed by the Buffalo Trace Distillery. Eagle Rare is 90 proof bourbon, aged for either 10 or 17 years, depending on the variety. It was introduced in 1975 and is distilled in Frankfort, Kentucky.

## History

Eagle Rare was originally a 101-proof ten-year-old (not single-barrel) Kentucky straight bourbon whiskey from Seagram created by master distiller Charles L. Beam. Introduced in 1975, Eagle Rare was among the last new bourbon brands introduced prior to the current era of 'small-batch bourbons'. Eagle Rare has been distilled, bottled and/or marketed by a number of companies, including the Old Prentice Distillery of Frankfort, KY.
The Sazerac Company, an American family-owned producer and importer based in New Orleans, Louisiana, and the parent company of five distilleries, acquired Eagle Rare from Seagram in March 1989. Sazerac's Kentucky distillery was then known as the George T. Stagg Distillery. Today the distillery is known as the Buffalo Trace Distillery.
The original 101-proof ten-year-old non-single-barrel bourbon has been discontinued as of March 2005.

## Varieties

Rare Eagle's standard variety is aged for ten years (in charred new oak barrels, as with all bourbons), and bottled at 90 U.S. proof.
A second variety, first offered in 2000, is aged seventeen years and is called part of an "Antique Collection". From 2000 to 2017 it was originally bottled at 90 proof, like the ten year offering. Starting with the 2018 release, it has been released at 101 proof.
In 2019, a 20-year-old limited edition expression of Eagle Rare Bourbon Whiskey named “Double Eagle Very Rare” at 101 proof was released at an MSRP of $2,000 a bottle.
A 25-year aged bourbon called “Eagle Rare 25” was also produced in extremely limited quantity. It is the oldest aged Eagle Rare product.

## Awards and reviews

Eagle Rare's 10-year variation was given an above-average score of 92 by the Beverage Testing Institute. In 2013, Eagle Rare Single Barrel Bourbon was awarded the inaugural Bourbon Trophy at the International Wine & Spirits Competition in the United Kingdom. The 17-year expression has performed similarly.
Eagle Rare 10 Year won the following notable awards in 2016:
* Gold Medal; Best Age Statement Bourbon – World Whiskies Awards (Whisky Magazine)
* Gold Medal – San Francisco World Spirits Competition
Food critic Morgan Murphy rated the brand highly, saying "Without question, the award-winner tastes as rich as it looks."
# Pablo Moreno

Pablo Moreno Taboada (born 3 May 2002) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a forward for Primera Federación – Group 1 club Osasuna B.

## Club career
### Juventus

On 27 July 2018, Moreno joined Italian club Juventus, after scoring more than 200 goals in 5 years for Barcelona youth teams. He made his Serie C debut for Juventus U23 on 18 November 2018 in a game against Pontedera as a 90th-minute substitute for Alessandro Di Pardo.
Moreno made his first bench appearance for Juventus' senior squad on 17 March 2019 in a Serie A game against Genoa.

### Manchester City

On 30 June 2020, Manchester City agreed to sign Moreno on a four-year deal, and to swap him with Félix Correia. On 18 September, he joined Girona in Segunda División on loan.
Upon returning, Moreno made his Manchester City debut on 27 July 2021, featuring as a substitute in a 2–0 friendly win against Preston North End. On 31 August, he returned to Girona on a one-year loan deal.

### Marítimo

On 29 July 2022, Moreno was joined Portuguese Primeira Liga team Marítimo on a permanent contract, with Manchester City retaining the option to re-sign him with a "buy-back clause" included in the deal. Moreno made his Marítimo debut on 6 August, coming on as a late substitute in an away defeat to Porto on the opening day of the season. That season, Moreno made 22 appearances in all competitions for Marítimo, but never managed to find the back of the net. After finishing 16th in the Primeira Liga, Marítimo faced Estrela da Amadora in the relegation/promotion play-offs, where the Madeira club was defeated in a penalty shootout, being relegated to the Liga Portugal 2 for the first time in 38 years.
On 8 August 2023, Marítimo announced that Moreno's contract had been terminated by mutual agreement.

### Andorra

On 10 August 2023, Moreno returned to Spain and its second division, after signing a two-year deal with FC Andorra.

### Osasuna B

On 27 July 2024, Moreno joined Primera Federación – Group B club Osasuna B on an initial one-year deal with the option to extend.
# Bridget Rowe

Bridget Rowe (16 March 1950 – 12 January 2021) was a British newspaper editor.

## Life and career

Rowe worked for a succession of magazines: 19, Petticoat, Club, Look Now and Woman's World, before becoming Assistant Editor of The Sun, then editor of "Sunday", the News of the World's magazine. In 1986, Rowe became editor of Woman's Own, then left to become editor of TV Times.
Rowe edited the Sunday Mirror from 1991 to 1992, then moved to edit The People. In 1993 The People published a photo of Sonia Sutcliffe taken by a freelance photographer that breached Press Complaints Commission code of conduct on privacy. Her refusal to accept respsponsibility for the actions of the photographer was described by the PCC as "lamentable".
In 1995, she became managing director of both newspapers, and in 1997 she returned to editing the Sunday Mirror for a year. After this she served as the Director of Communications for the National Magazine Company, and later was the content director of Yava until it closed in 2001. She was a panelist on the first series of Loose Women in 1999.
A friend of UK Independence Party (UKIP) leader Nigel Farage, Rowe registered as the leader of Libertas UK with the United Kingdom Electoral Commission in December 2008, in order to prevent Declan Ganley's political party Libertas from fielding candidates in the UK's European Parliament elections in 2009 under that name. Rowe worked as public relations chief for the businessman and UKIP donor Arron Banks.
Rowe died from COVID-19 in Farnborough on 12 January 2021, at the age of 70, during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom.
# Stan Williams (rugby union)

Stanley Williams (4 November 1914 – 21 November 1967) was a Welsh international rugby union player.
Born in Llanelly, Williams was a forward for his hometown club and began his career in the 1930s. His career was interrupted by World War II, during which he served in North Africa with the Welsh Guards. He gained his six Wales caps when rugby returned after the war, making his debut against England in 1947. Later that year, Williams was in the Llanelly pack which came close to beating the touring Wallabies, but missed the international against the same opponent. He last appeared for Wales in the 1948 Five Nations and went on to serve on the Llanelly committee.
# Ong Keng Yong

Ong Keng Yong PPA PBS PJG (born 6 January 1954) is a Singaporean diplomat who served as the 11th secretary-general of ASEAN between 2003 and 2007. He is currently the Executive Deputy Chairman of the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies at the Nanyang Technological University.

## Education

Ong graduated from the University of Singapore (now the National University of Singapore) in 1979 with a Bachelor of Laws with honours degree. He subsequently went on to complete a Master of Arts degree in Arab studies at Georgetown University.

## Career

Ambassador Ong Keng Yong is Executive Deputy Chairman of the S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (RSIS) at the Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. He is concurrently Director of the Institute of Defence and Strategic Studies (IDSS) and Head of the International Centre for Political Violence and Terrorism Research (ICPVTR) at RSIS.
Ong continues to hold the position of Ambassador-at-Large at the Singapore Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He is also Singapore’s Non-Resident High Commissioner to Pakistan and Non-Resident Ambassador to Iran. Mr Ong was the Chairman of the Singapore International Foundation (SIF) from 2015 to 2023.
Ong was High Commissioner of Singapore to Malaysia from 2011 to 2014. He served as High Commissioner of Singapore to India and concurrently Singapore’s Ambassador to Nepal from 1996 to 1998.
Ong served as the 11th Secretary-General of ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations), based in Jakarta, Indonesia, for 5 years from January 2003.
Ong started his diplomatic career in 1979 and was posted to the Singapore Embassies in Saudi Arabia, Malaysia, and the United States of America between 1984 and 1994. From September 1998 to December 2002, he was Press Secretary to the then Prime Minister of Singapore, Mr Goh Chok Tong, while holding senior appointments in the Ministry of Information, Communications and the Arts, and the People’s Association in Singapore. From 2008 to 2011, he served as Director of the Institute of Policy Studies (IPS) in the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore.
In 2022, then Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen took issue with remarks made by Ong in relation to a visit by Hun Sen to Myanmar.
In June 2024, Ong, discussing the 60th anniversary of ASEAN, continued to express optimism about its future, but stressed the need for collaboration in order to advance the prospects of its people.
He is also the chairman of Humanity Matters, an inter-faith Singapore based charity that has raised more than $300,000 for the Gaza humanitarian efforts in 2024.

## Awards

Ong had received several awards throughout his career. He was awarded the Public Administration Medal (Silver) in 1997, the Long Service Award in 2002 and the Meritorious Service Medal in 2008 by the Singapore Government. He also received the Medal of Friendship from Laos in 2007, and the Medal of Sahametrei from Cambodia in 2007.
# Boban Samuel

Boban Samuel is an Indian film director and actor most known for his work in Malayalam films. He has directed films such as Janapriyan (2011), Romans (2013), Happy Journey (2014), Shajahanum Pareekuttiyum (2016), Vikadakumaran (2018) and Al Mallu (2020).

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Director | Actor | Role |
| 2011 | Janapriyan | Yes | No | – |
| 2013 | Romans | Yes | No | – |
| 2014 | Happy Journey | Yes | No | – |
| 2015 | Thinkal Muthal Velli Vare | No | Yes | Himself |
| 2016 | Shajahanum Pareekuttiyum | Yes | No | – |
| 2016 | Kattappanayile Rithwik Roshan | No | Yes | Himself |
| 2018 | Vikadakumaran | Yes | No | – |
| 2020 | Al Mallu | Yes | No | – |
| 2020 | Anjaam Pathiraa | No | Yes | DySP Abraham Koshi |
| 2021 | Drishyam 2 | No | Yes | DySP Reghuram |
| 2021 | Ameera | No | Yes | |
| 2022 | Antakshari | No | Yes | Unni |
| 2022 | Karnan Napoleon Bhagath Singh | No | Yes | |
| 2022 | Heaven | No | Yes | Adv. Damodhara Shenoy |
| 2022 | Shefeekkinte Santhosham | No | Yes | |
| 2022 | Roy | No | Yes | |
| 2023 | 2018 | No | Yes | Police Officer |
| 2023 | Voice of Sathyanathan | No | Yes | Saghavu Anirudhan |
| 2023 | Imbam | No | Yes | Hareesh |
| 2025 | Machante Maalakha | Yes | No | — |