OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Abigail Fallis

Abigail Fallis (born 1968 London) is a British sculptor, known for her commentary about over-consumption and consumerism.
Fallis trained at Camberwell College of Art, London, in silversmithing and metalwork. She initially wanted to be a blacksmith but instead she chose to work with lighter, softer materials. Abigail Fallis focuses on the environment and consumer-led society, in other words her work revolves around modernity. Her art portrays her outlandish sense of humour and commentary on consumerism and the environment.
Fallis's works first brought to public attention include a pair of framed hand stitched Union Jack underpants, entitled Cock-Eyed Jack, a comment on the Cool Britannia phenomenon. These were featured on the BBC documentary "New Brit". In 2009 a public sculpture by Fallis was installed in Central Square, Newcastle, entitled DNA DL90. A monumental 9-meter-high (30 ft) double helix of shopping trolleys, commenting on contemporary consumer culture. The sculpture opening was attended by James Watson, best known as one of the discoverers of the structure of DNA in 1953 with Francis Crick and Rosalind Franklin. Fallis took part in the "Women Make Sculpture" exhibition in 2011, at the Pangolin Gallery, London. She had previously been the gallery's first sculptor-in-residence, for a year from October 2008.
Fallis is much concerned with environmental matters such as overfishing, as shown in her recent exhibition "Fallis in Wonderland". Tom Hodgkinson, editor of The Idler, wrote that Fallis in Wonderland was : “an exhibition of sculptures that are startling in their collision of qualities: for here is wit, beauty and protest; here is life and passion; here is playfulness and fun; here also is awe and wonder; and here is a commentary on an unsustainable way of living…Abigail Fallis’ work takes the fun, the wit and the radical political edge of Dada and combines it with beauty and gentleness and the result is a triumph.” Fallis is also a participant in the "Ghosts of Gone Birds" project, which will raise money and awareness for BirdLife International's Preventing Extinctions programme. Fallis's work is part of many public and private collections including Parabola Land Ltd and The Damien Hirst "Murderme" Collection. Fallis uses various materials in her sculptures including bronze, paper and felt. Regarding her work Fallis has said " I'm a maker, I use my sculpture as a thinking tool. I'm naturally inquisitive and quite sceptical about the way information is relayed to consumers by the media. it is this that fires my imagination and inspires me to make.″ Radio 2 Arts Show with Claudia Winkleman, interview with Penny Smith for Women Make Sculpture".
# Guy Dutson

Dr Guy Dutson is a British-born veterinarian, ornithologist and a leader of birding tours, who is a world authority on the birds of the south-west Pacific region. He has rediscovered or described several bird species.

## Information

Dutson was educated at Cambridge University where he studied veterinary science. As a veterinarian, Dutson worked in the UK, Ethiopia and South Africa. In 1990 he led a Cambridge University expedition to the Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea, in the course of which he rediscovered the superb pitta on Manus Island. Expeditions to Indonesia and the Philippines led to the rediscovery of the Tanahjampea monarch and the Cebu flowerpecker. In 2003 he rediscovered the long-legged warbler in Fiji. In 2008 he described a new species of white-eye, the Vanikoro white-eye, from the Vanikolo Islands in the Solomons.
From 2000 to 2005, based in Fiji, Dutson established and managed the BirdLife International Pacific program, travelling extensively around the islands of Melanesia and the south-west Pacific. He subsequently worked for Birds Australia as the manager of the Australian Important Bird Areas program. Dutson's most recent publishing endeavour is a description of a high altitude observation of the beautiful firetail in East Gippsland, Australia.
In 2009 he went to survey to search for White-chested white-eye but failed to find any individuals.

## Publications

Dutson wrote most of the Pacific islands species' accounts in the BirdLife publication Threatened Birds of the World. He is also involved in editing the same species for the Handbook of the Birds of the World. As well as numerous scientific papers and project reports, he has authored:
* 2002 - Field Guide to Birds of Melanesia. Premier Press. ISBN 978-0-85661-143-8
* 2006 - Important Bird Areas in Fiji: Conserving Fiji's Natural Heritage. BirdLife International. (Edited with Vilikesa T. Masibalavu). ISBN 978-982-9101-01-3
# Middle Fork One Hundred and Two River

Middle Fork One Hundred and Two River is a stream in the U.S. states of Iowa and Missouri. It is a tributary of One Hundred and Two River and is 27.9 miles long.
The Middle Fork One Hundred and Two River begins about two miles north of Sharpsburg in Taylor County, Iowa and flows generally southwest. It passes Gravity to the southeast, then travels south-southwest where it is joined with the East Fork One Hundred and Two River just north of Hopkins, Missouri. A few miles further southwest, it merges with the West Fork One Hundred and Two River and creates the One Hundred and Two River.
There is one named tributary of the Middle Fork One Hundred and Two River, Brushy Creek.
# MetaMask

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MetaMask is a software cryptocurrency wallet used to interact with the Ethereum blockchain. It allows a user to access their Ethereum wallet through a browser extension or mobile app, which can then be used to interact with decentralized applications. MetaMask is developed by Consensys, a blockchain software company focusing on Ethereum-based tools and infrastructure.

## Overview

MetaMask allows users to store and manage account keys, broadcast transactions, send and receive Ethereum-based cryptocurrencies and tokens, and securely connect to decentralized applications through a compatible web browser or the mobile app's built-in browser.
Websites or other decentralized applications are able to connect, authenticate, and/or integrate other smart contract functionality with a user's MetaMask wallet (and any other similar blockchain wallet browser extensions) via JavaScript code that allows the website to send action prompts, signature requests, or transaction requests to the user through MetaMask as an intermediary.
The application includes an integrated service for exchanging Ethereum tokens by aggregating several decentralized exchanges (DEXs) to find the best exchange rate. This feature, branded as MetaMask Swaps, charges a service fee of 0.875% of the transaction amount.
As of November 2021, MetaMask's browser extension had over 21 million monthly active users, according to Bloomberg.

## History

MetaMask was created by Consensys in 2016 as MIT-licensed open source software.
Prior to 2019, MetaMask had only been available as a desktop browser extension for Google Chrome and Firefox browsers. Given the popularity of MetaMask among cryptocurrency users, and its lack of an official mobile app for several years, instances of malicious software posing as MetaMask became problematic for Google in regulating its Chrome Web Store and Google Play platforms. In one instance, Google Play unintentionally removed MetaMask's official beta app before reverting the decision a week later on January 1, 2020.
Starting in 2019, MetaMask began releasing mobile app versions for closed beta testing, followed by their official public release for iOS and Android in September 2020.
In August 2020, Consensys took the MetaMask software proprietary under a custom license.
During October 2020, MetaMask Swaps, a built-in DEX aggregation service was added to the desktop extension. The product became available on mobile devices in March 2021.

## Criticism

While MetaMask and other "Web3" focused applications claim to decentralize control over personal data and increase user privacy, critics have pointed to the default setting in MetaMask's browser extension that leaks identifiable information to data collection networks and web trackers as a fundamental privacy flaw. Also, though the technology is touted as "decentralized", it actually uses a centralized service, now owned by Consensys, to accomplish all of its transactions.
# Chimborazo Province

Chimborazo (Spanish pronunciation:) is a province in the central Ecuadorian Andes. It is a home to a section of Sangay National Park. The capital is Riobamba. The province contains Chimborazo (6,267 m), Ecuador's highest mountain.

## Cantons

The province is divided into 10 cantons. The following table lists each with its population at the time of the 2010 census, its area in square kilometres (km$^2$), and the name of the canton seat or capital.
| Canton | Pop. (2010) | Area (km$^2$) | Seat/Capital |
| Alausí | 44,089 | 1,644 | Alausí |
| Chambo | 11,885 | 163 | Chambo |
| Chunchi | 12,686 | 273 | Chunchi |
| Colta | 44,971 | 829 | Cajabamba |
| Cumandá | 12,922 | 159 | Cumandá |
| Guamote | 45,153 | 1,216 | Guamote |
| Guano | 42,851 | 460 | Guano |
| Pallatanga | 11,544 | 377 | Pallatanga |
| Penipe | 6,739 | 370 | Penipe |
| Riobamba | 225,741 | 980 | Riobamba |

## Demographics

Ethnic groups as of the Ecuadorian census of 2010:
* Mestizo 58.4%
* Indigenous 38.0%
* White 2.2%
* Afro-Ecuadorian 1.1%
* Montubio 0.3%
* Other 0.1%
# Pioneer Center for the Performing Arts

The Pioneer Center for the Performing Arts (originally known as Pioneer Theater Auditorium) is a theater located in Reno, Nevada. It was designed by the Oklahoma City architectural firm of Bozalis, Dickinson and Roloff as a concrete structure with a distinctive gold geodesic dome roof. The facility was completed in 1967 with 987 seats on the main level and 513 seats in a balcony, totaling to 1,500. The co-founder of Temcor, the project's contractor, was Don Richter, a student of Buckminster Fuller, developer of the geodesic dome concept. Temcor had built several gold-anodized aluminum domes before the Pioneer, and was responsible for more than 5000 dome projects.
Originally to be called the Apollo Theater, the Pioneer took its name from a 1939 statue of a pioneer family by Byron S. Johnson, salvaged from the Old State Building, which was demolished to make way for the new facility. Unofficially, the dome was called the "Golden Turtle." It consists of a 500-panel aluminum shell on an inner steel frame, which is in turn supported by reinforced concrete arches. The orchestra level of the theater is depressed below ground level, allowing the roof to nearly touch the ground at the corners.
The Washoe County Fair and Recreation Board, which was responsible for the project, was particularly taken with Casa Mañana in Fort Worth, Texas, resulting in the selection of the domed concept. The Pioneer Center was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.
# Alexander Anstruther (judge)

Sir Alexander Anstruther (10 September 1769 – 16 July 1819) was a Scottish judge in India during the East India Company administration of the Madras and Bombay Presidencies.

## Life

Anstruther was the second son of Sir Robert Anstruther, 3rd Baronet, of Balcaskie, Fife. He was called to the bar at Lincoln's Inn, and published 'Reports of Cases argued and determined in the Court of Exchequer, from Easter Term 32 George III to Trinity Term 37 George III, both inclusive,' which were published in three volumes in 1796 and 1797, and were reprinted for a second edition in 1817.
Anstruther went out to India in 1798, and was appointed Advocate-General of Madras in 1803. In March 1812 he succeeded Sir John Henry Newbolt as Recorder of Bombay, and was knighted. While on his voyage out to India he wrote a small work on Light, Heat, and Electricity.
Alexander married Sarah Prendergast, the widow of Captain William Selby of the Bombay Marine, on 14 March 1803 in Surat. They had nine children. Alexander died in Mauritius in 1819 leaving Sarah with her seven surviving children. Sarah returned to Scotland and died at Airth Castle in 1865.
He died at Mauritius in 1819.
# LANSA Flight 508

LANSA Flight 508 was a Lockheed L-188A Electra turboprop operated as a scheduled domestic passenger flight by Lineas Aéreas Nacionales Sociedad Anonima (LANSA, a Peruvian airline company) that crashed in a thunderstorm en route from Lima to Pucallpa in Peru on 24 December 1971, killing 91 people – all six crew on board and 85 of its 86 passengers. It is regarded in popular retellings as the deadliest lightning strike disaster in aviation history.

## Accident

LANSA Flight 508 departed Lima's Jorge Chávez International Airport just before noon on Christmas Eve on its way to Iquitos, Peru, with a scheduled stop at Pucallpa. The aircraft was flying at about 6,400 metres (21,000 ft) above mean sea level when it encountered an area of thunderstorms and severe turbulence. Some evidence showed the crew decided to continue the flight despite the hazardous weather ahead, apparently because of pressure to meet the holiday schedule. Peruvian investigators cited "intentional flight into hazardous weather conditions" as a cause of the crash.

## Victims and sole survivor

The sole survivor was 17-year-old Juliane Koepcke, who while strapped to her seat fell 3,000 m (10,000 ft) into the Amazon rainforest. She survived the fall with a broken collarbone, a deep gash to her right arm, an eye injury, and concussion. She was able to trek through the dense Amazon jungle for 10 days and found shelter in a hut. Local lumberjacks found her and took her by canoe back to civilization. The Electra was LANSA's last aircraft; the company lost its operating permit eleven days later.
As many as 14 other passengers were also later found to have survived the crash, but died awaiting rescue, including Koepcke's mother.

## In popular culture

The movie Miracles Still Happen (1974) is based on the story. Koepcke's story was also told in the documentary film Wings of Hope (1998) by director Werner Herzog, who had narrowly avoided taking the same flight, when his reservation had been canceled due to a last minute change in itinerary. Koepcke's memoir Als ich vom Himmel fiel was published by the German publisher Piper Malik on March 10, 2011. (The English edition, titled When I Fell From the Sky, was published by Titletown Publishing in November 2011.)
The crash also features in the final season one episode of the Discovery Channel documentary Aircrash Confidential. The episode was first aired in 2011, and features an interview with Koepcke.
# Shan

Shan may refer to;

## People and languages

* Shan (surname), or 单 in Chinese, a Chinese surname
* Shan, a variant of the Welsh given name usually spelled Siân
* Occasionally used as a short form of Shannen/Shannon

### Ethnic groups and languages

* Shan people, Southeast Asian ethnic group inhabiting Myanmar
** Shan language
* Dai people, also known as Shan, ethnic group in China
* Shanrong (山戎), term for "mountain barbarian" in Shanxi, Hubei in northern China

### Individuals

* Shaan Shahid, Pakistani actor, model, writer and film director
* MC Shan, rapper
* Liu Shan, second emperor of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period.
* Fu Buqi (宓不齊; Fu Pu-ch'i; born 521BC) who was accorded the title 'Count of Shan'

## Places
### China

* Shaanxi, abbreviated as Shan (陕), province of the People's Republic of China
* Shan County, Shandong (单县), county in Heze, Shandong, China
* Shan County, Henan (陕县), now Shanzhou District of Sanmenxia city, a county in Sanmenxia, Henan, China
* Shantou, or Shan (汕), a city in Guangdong, China
* Shan (鄯), a region in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
* Shan (剡), a river in the Zhejiang Province of China
* Shan Hills, a region of Burma, China, and Thailand

### Other places

* Shan State of Burma (modern state)
* Shan States of Burma (historical kingdoms)
* Shan Hills, a region of Burma, China, and Thailand
* Shan (鄯), ancient Western Regions (西域) to the west of China
* 山, shan, Chinese character (used in Chinese, Japanese and Korean) for "mountains" or "mountain range"
* Mount Shani or Gora Shan, a mountain in the Caucasus

## Other uses

* Shan Foods, a brand of Pakistani cuisine spice mixes
* Insect from Shaggai, or Shan, a fictional alien race in the writings of Ramsey Campbell
* The Shan Horse, a horse breed from the Shan State of Myanmar
# Little Sugar Creek

Little Sugar Creek is a stream in northwestern Benton County, Arkansas and southwestern McDonald County, Missouri. It is a tributary of the Elk River.
The headwaters of the stream arise in northeast Benton County just southeast of Garfield (at ). The stream flows west crossing under U.S. Route 62 west of Brightwater and Arkansas routes 94 and 72 south of Pea Ridge. The stream turns to the northwest and flows parallel to U.S. Route 62 through the Bella Vista area to enter Missouri at the community of Caverna. In Missouri the stream flows northwest passing under Missouri Route 90. The stream passes the community of Havenhurst and reaches its confluence with Big Sugar Creek to form the Elk River just south of Pineville. At Pineville, the creek measures approximately 224 cubic feet per second. Ironically, this stream is actually larger than the so-called "Big" Sugar Creek (see Big Sugar Creek for its discharge).
# Lodge of Edinburgh (Mary's Chapel) No. 1

The Lodge of Edinburgh (Mary's Chapel), No.1, is a Masonic Lodge in Edinburgh, Scotland.
It is designated number 1 on the Roll (list) of lodges of the Grand Lodge of Scotland, and as it possesses the oldest existing minute of any masonic lodge still operating (31 July 1599) and the first historical reference of a non-operative or speculative freemason being initiated as a member (1634), it is reputed to be the oldest Masonic Lodge not only in Scotland, but the world.
It is often styled Mary's Chapel or The Ancient Lodge of Edinburgh Mary's Chapel, the former of which derives from its ancient origins, where it first met within the old chapel of St Mary's on Niddrie's Wynd in Edinburgh, which was demolished to make way for Edinburgh's South Bridge, which were completed in 1788.
The lodge meets at 19 Hill Street, in the New Town, in a building erected in the 1820s.
Designed by architect George Angus, it was built as a "Subscription Baths and Drawing Academy", and was purchased by the lodge in 1893. It is a category A listed building.
The building is used as an arts venue during the Edinburgh Festival Fringe each August, when it is known as the Hill Street Theatre. It is the longest-standing continuously operating Fringe venue, and was operated for over twenty years by Universal Arts, but is now operated by Edinburgh Little Theatre.
# Pioneer Hall (Oregon)

Pioneer Hall is the oldest building at Linfield College in McMinnville, Oregon, United States. Opened in 1883, the four-story Italianate structure formerly housed the entire school. Constructed of red bricks and topped with a belfry, the structure was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978 as Pioneer Hall, Linfield College. Part of the hall serves as residences and part as classrooms.

## History

In 1879, what was then known as McMinnville University began plans to construct a new building to house the school. After a professor, W. S. White, drafted plans for the building that year, the school waited until 1882 to begin construction. That year the cornerstone was laid where the cabin of the Cozine family once stood until they donated 20 acres (81,000 m$^2$) to the school the prior year. The building was dedicated June 12, 1883, and at that time housed the entire college.
In November 1907, landscape architect John Charles Olmsted visited the campus to advise the school on the design of the campus. At the time Pioneer Hall was the only hall on campus and a wooden gymnasium was the only other building. Olmstead described Pioneer Hall as ugly, and the other building as cheap. In 1922, the school became Linfield College. In 1929, the building was renamed as Pioneer Hall in honor of the pioneers of the school.
Pioneer Hall was then remodeled in 1946. On February 23, 1978, the structure was added to the National Register of Historic Places. Pioneer Hall also used to house the Linfield College radio station, KSLC 90.3 FM, until 2007 when it moved into Renshaw Hall. The radio station - as KLIN AM - was also housed in the music and art building (old Frerichs Hall) which burned down in 1969, while the transmitter remained in Pioneer. On January 8, 2008, the nearby Old Oak tree estimated at 250 years old fell down. As of 2008, the building is used for a variety of uses. It was a 47-person residence hall on the upper floors, but as of 2018, the top two floors are no longer inhabited. Now the lower floors are home to the departments of Psychology, History, and Political Science.

## Architecture

Atop the hall is a square belfry, which is topped by a dome and spire. The architectural style of the brick structure is Italian Bracketed. Pioneer Hall is a mixture of the cruciform plan and Italianate style. W. S. White designed the four-story building which has three above-ground stories atop a stone basement.
# H. S. Cunningham

Sir Henry Stewart Cunningham KCIE (30 June 1832 – 3 September 1920) was a British lawyer and writer who served as the Advocate-General of Madras Presidency from 1872 to 1877.

## Early life and education

Cunningham was born in 1832 to Rev. John William Cunningham who was the Vicar of Harrow. Cunningham was educated at Harrow School and graduated in law from the Trinity College, Oxford. He was called to the bar in 1859.

## Career

Cunningham practised in the United Kingdom and in British India and rose to become Advocate-General of the Madras Presidency in 1872. In 1877, he was appointed judge of the Calcutta High Court and served from 1877 to 1887. In 1878, he was appointed member of the Indian Famine Commission to look into the causes of the Great Famine of 1876–78.

## Death

He was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire on 1 January 1889. Cunningham died in 1920.

## Works

* The Chronicles of Dustypore, a Tale of Modern Anglo-Indian Society, Volume 1
* The Chronicles of Dustypore, a Tale of Modern Anglo-Indian Society, Volume 2
* The Heriots
* Wheat and Tares
* Earl Canning
* Late Laurels
# Mick Hume

Mick Hume (born 1959) is a British journalist and author whose writing focuses on issues of free speech and freedom of the press.
Hume was a columnist for The Times for ten years from 1999, and was described as "Britain's only libertarian Marxist newspaper columnist".
Hume was born in New Haw, Surrey, and educated at Woking County Grammar School for Boys and the University of Manchester. In his twenties, Hume became editor of the next step, newspaper of the now-defunct Revolutionary Communist Party, of which Hume was a member for a decade until it folded.
After the RCP folded in 1996, Hume helped to relaunch the magazine as LM, which he edited until it was forced to close in 2000 after losing a libel suit brought by ITN, over claims that the magazine had made concerning ITN's reporting of Trnopolje camp in Bosnia.
In 2001, Hume was launch editor of the online magazine Spiked, the UK's first web-only comment and current affairs publication. He is now Spiked's editor-at-large.
Hume's book, There Is No Such Thing As a Free Press – and we need one more than ever was published in October 2012 in response to the Leveson Inquiry and the debate about press regulation in the UK. Daniel Finkelstein of The Times described it as "a masterclass in the writing of polemic".