OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Siavash Sufinejad

Siavash Sufinejad (born 1977) is an Iranian designer, and artist renowned for his ability to blend traditional Middle Eastern art with contemporary design. Born in 1970, Sufinejad began his academic journey in civil engineering at Tehran Azad University but later shifted his focus to architecture. His multidisciplinary expertise allows him to create works that are both visually striking and conceptually profound.

## Career

Sufinejad's career spans several fields, including architecture, interior design, and object design. His works are characterized by minimalism, elegance, and a strong emphasis on craftsmanship. Sufinejad is the founder of the Sufi Gallery, a platform dedicated to modern and contemporary Middle Eastern art, promoting cultural exchange and supporting regional artists.

## Notable works and exhibitions

Siavash Sufinejad has participated in numerous prestigious exhibitions globally. His "Majles" series, which depicts significant historical events and daily life in Iran through the lens of Persian miniature paintings, has received critical acclaim. This series won the Best Motion Art NFT at the ftNFT International Awards 2024, highlighting Sufinejad's innovative integration of traditional and digital art forms.
The Dubai Mall's ftNFT Physical Space also showcased Siavash Sufinejad's "Demons & Kings" series. This gallery, part of the ftNFT international platform, merged physical and digital art. Established in 2022, the platform hosts an annual award ceremony. "Demons & Kings," which won last year's top ftNFT award, featured figures inspired by Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, exploring identity in the modern world.
In addition to his visual art, Sufinejad has produced a series of talk shows about art, featuring 36 episodes where he engages with prominent Iranian artists on YouTube to explore their backgrounds and the connection between art and peace. This series includes conversations with notable figures such as Hossein Madani, Alireza Shafietabar, Masoud Keshmiri, Bijan Kamkar, Saeed Ansarian, and Mohammadreza Aslani.

## Awards and recognition

Sufinejad's work has been recognized with several international awards, including the European Product Design Award, IDA Design Competition, Paris Design Prize (DNA), A’ Design Awards, and the Sit Furniture Design Award. His recognition at the ftNFT International Awards further solidifies his reputation as a leading figure in contemporary art and design.

## Philosophy and impact

Deeply influenced by the cultural heritage of the Middle East, Sufinejad often uses organic materials such as wood, stone, and metal in his creations, combining traditional craftsmanship with modern aesthetics. His art aims to express evolving concepts and promote peace, bridging cultural gaps through design and artistic expression. Sufinejad's innovative approach has left a significant impact on the art world, inspiring future generations of artists and designers.
# Nick Cullather

Nick Cullather is an American historian and professor of history at Indiana University. His research interests include US diplomatic history and intelligence, and he is notable especially for his studies of the role of the CIA in coups and nation building in Latin America.

## Biography and career

Cullather graduated from Indiana University (AB 1981) before working as press secretary for US Representative Lee H. Hamilton in the 1980s. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Virginia in 1993.
Cullather was recruited by the CIA as a graduate student in 1992 to investigate documents pertaining to PBSuccess, the operation that led to the 1954 Guatemalan coup d'état, as part of a larger review meant to determine which documents could be declassified. The result of that study was Secret History: The CIA's Classified Account of Its Operations in Guatemala, 1952-1954. Many of the documents discussed in the book had already been publicized by Philip Agee and others; Cullather's study, "the facsimile reproduction of an internal agency study", was released in 1997 before the CIA, in mid-1998, "aborted the entire declassification process". Cullather's study, according to Lars Schoultz, is "an exceptionally valuable document-not simply a lucid chronicle of who did what to whom, but a vivid cautionary tale about how the cloak of secrecy allowed government officials to avoid questions of perspective, of proportion, and of right and wrong". Historian Greg Grandin called it "an extremely important scholarly and pedagogical work".
Cullather's study of Philippines–United States relations, "Based on extensive research in U.S. and Philippine archives", was the subject of his 1994 book Illusions of Influence: The Political Economy of United States-Philippines Relations, 1942–1960. He argued that these relations were not as dominated by the United States as conventional wisdom dictates, that the client-patron relationship is often a complicated dynamic (for instance, the US were interested in military bases while the Philippines sought to control their own economy), and that "American influence--so often portrayed as fact in United States documents--is in many ways illusory".
Cullather was an editor at The Journal of American History, and is interviewed as an expert in a movie on gold mining in Guatemala, Gold Fever.

## Selected works

* "The War on the Peasant: The United States and the Third World". In Robert J. McMahon, ed., The Cold War in the Third World (pp. 192–207). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. 2013.
* The Hungry World: America's Cold War Battle Against Poverty in Asia. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 2010.
* Secret History: The CIA's Classified Account of Its Operations in Guatemala, 1952–1954. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. 1999.
* Illusions of Influence: The Political Economy of United States-Philippines Relations, 1942–1960. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. 1994.
* Managing Nationalism: United States National Security Council Documents on the Philippines, 1953-1960. Quezon City: New Day Publishers. 1992.
# Majapahit invasions of Nan Sarunai

Majapahit ruler Hayam Wuruk launched an invasion to Nan Sarunai [id] from 1355 to 1362. Battles occurred and the Majapahit defeated and ended the Nan Sarunai Kingdom while his commander, Empu Jatmika, established his own kingdom there and ruled as a tributary of the Majapahit.

## Battle

In 1355, Hayam Wuruk of Majapahit launched an invasion to Dayak Ma'anyan kingdom of Nan Sarunai [id], led by Raden Anyan (Datu Tatuyan Wulau Miharaja Papangkat Amas). The invasion was commanded by Empu Jatmika from Kalingga and Kediri, with his team including advisor Aria Megatsari, general Tumenggung Tatah Jiwa, and minister Wiramartas. The first battle, fought in April 1358 at Tambak Wasi, resulted in the death of Nan Sarunai's captain, Jamuhala, and the Majapahit forces suffering heavy casualties. Princes Jarang and Idong fled to Man near the Tabalong-Kiwa River, and Nan Sarunai soldiers regrouped in Pulau Kadap for the second battle, which occurred in December 1362.
The second battle ended with the death of Raden Anyan at the hands of Mpu Nala, and he was buried in Banua Lawas. Following their defeat, Empu Jatmika established the Hindu kingdom of Negara Dipa, which became a tributary of Majapahit and eventually evolved into the Banjar kingdom. Survivors, including soldiers and artisans from various regions such as Java, Dayak, Madura, and Bugis, settled in areas like Amuntai, Alabio, and Nagara. These historical events are preserved in the Dayak Ma'anyan poetry known as Nansarunai Usak Jawa.
# La Guzla

La Guzla, ou Choix de poesies illyriques, recueillies dans la Dalmatie, la Bosnie, La Croatie et l'Hertzegowine ('The Guzla, or a Selection of Illyric Poems Collected in Dalmatia, Bosnia, Croatia and Herzegovina') was a 1827 collection of poems created by French writer Prosper Mérimée.
The poems, supposedly narrated by local man Hyacinthe Maglanović and then translated into French, turned out to be a literary hoax.

## Content

La Guzla was presented as a collection of translations (in fact, pseudotranslations) of folk ballads narrated by a guzlar ('gusle player') Hyacinthe Maglanović, complete with invented commentaries. Of 29 ballads, only one of them – Triste ballade de la noble épouse d'Assan-Aga – was authentic, having notably been previously translated by Goethe.
The poems were highly romantic, including stories about werewolves and phantoms. Mérimée drew upon many historic sources for his picturesque and gothic portrait of the Balkans, including a tale about vampires taken from the writings of the 18th-century French monk Dom Calmet.

## Analysis

La Guzla was intended as satirical commentary on the exaggerated and bombastic style of the era that people would get swept up in. This was especially true for works that included a foreign setting and placed an emphasis on local traditions. Mérimée wrote in 1840 that he used five or six Illyrian words and a couple of pedantic sources to write La Guzla in only two weeks. He went on to say: "From that day on I was disgusted with local color, seeing how easy it was to fabricate it."
After La Guzla, his stories focused more on France and the present time, and avoided using sensationalized topics. Instead of romanticism and its pillars that he'd come to disdain, he employed a more realistic approach, writing traditional stories with no unnecessary lyricism.

## Influence

The Russian poet Alexander Pushkin translated 11 ballads from La Guzla into his cycle Songs of the Western Slavs [ru], before he was notified by Mérimée, through his Russian friend Sobolevsky, that most of the work was fabricated.
The book was not commercially successful, selling only a dozen copies, but the poems published in literary journals were widely praised both in France and abroad, establishing Mérimée as an important literary figure. La Guzla was admired by such literary giants as Pushkin, Goethe, Mikhail Lermontov, and Adam Mickiewicz.
# The Fortress Resort & Spa

The Fortress Resort & Spa, traded as The Fortress Resorts PLC, is a luxury boutique hotel in Koggala, Sri Lanka. The resort was incorporated in 1973. The resort is listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange. In 2003, Sri Lankan entrepreneur, Dhammika Perera acquired a controlling stake in the resort. The resort was formerly known as Club Horizon Hotel, Koggala and was renamed to its current name in the same year. The hotel was affected by the 2019 Easter bombings. The resort is designed like a fortress to enclose a Dutch-era villa.

## History

The resort was incorporated in 1973 under the name Ruhunu Hotels and Travels Limited. In 1999, the resort was listed on the Colombo Stock Exchange. The resort was formerly known as Club Horizon Hotel, Koggala. Sri Lankan entrepreneur, Dhammika Perera acquired a controlling stake of 56.07% of the resort in 2003. Connaissance Hotels were designated to manage the resort. The resort adopted its current name in December 2003.
In 2016, the resort moved to build a five-star resort at a cost of LKR2.1 billion in Weligama. The resort's subsidiary, La Forteresse invested LKR364 million to build the 66-roomed resort. La Forteresse bought 3 acres (1.2 ha) of land from LB Finance, a company held by Dhammika Perera. The resort was affected by the 2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings. As a result of the attack, 750 room nights were cancelled, affecting the resort's occupancy rate.

## Operations

The resort is designed like a fortress enclosing a Dutch villa. The resort made headlines for offering a dessert priced at US$14,500 in 2007. The resort claimed it to be the most expensive dessert in the world at the time. The Fortress Stilt Fisherman Indulgence is a gold leaf cassata flavoured with Irish cream. The dessert is served with mango, pomegranate compote and Champagne sabayon. The dessert is adorned with a chocolate carving of a fisherman on a stilt and an 80-carat aquamarine.
The Fortress Resort won the Bocuse d'Or Sri Lanka prize for the second time in 2019. The resort first won the Bocuse d'Or Sri Lanka award in 2015, also securing fifth place in the Bocuse d'Or South East Asia competition. The hotel was also included in the “Considerate Collection” by Small Luxury Hotels of the World. This collection included 26 actively sustainable hotels.

## Amenities

The Fortress is located in Koggala, a coastal town in Southern Province, Sri Lanka, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from Galle. The main restaurant of the resort is called White. It serves Sri Lankan buffets and seafood grills. An à la carte menu is also available. Salty Snapper specializes in seafood dishes. The fine dining restaurant of the resort is Duo. The restaurant is housed in a glassed cellar which contains a 2,000 wine collection. T-lounge serves high teas, pastries and cheesecake. The spa of the resort has won several awards over the years. The spa provides Ayurvedic treatments, aromatherapy and other eastern and far-eastern treatments. The hotel also includes a gym and meetings, incentives, conferencing, exhibitions (MICE) facilities.
# Fletcher Branch

Fletcher Branch is a stream in Butler County in the U.S. state of Missouri.
Fletcher Branch has the name of an early citizen.
# Neptunium(IV) nitrate

Neptunium(IV) nitrate is an inorganic compound, a salt of neptunium and nitric acid with the chemical formula Np(NO$_3$)$_4$. The compound forms gray crystals, dissolves in water, and forms crystal hydrates.

## Synthesis

Addition of dilute nitric acid to freshly prepared neptunium(IV) hydroxide:
    Np(OH)$_4$ + 4 HNO$_3$ → Np(NO$_3$)$_4$ + 4 H$_2$O

## Physical properties

Neptunium(IV) nitrate forms gray hygroscopic crystals.
It is soluble in water.
It forms a crystal hydrate of the composition Np(NO$_3$)$_4$•2H$_2$O.
# Lyndoch Recreation Park

Lyndoch Recreation Park, also known as Barossa Park, is an oval-shaped sports ground in Lyndoch, a town in the Barossa Valley region of South Australia. The ground is used for Australian rules football and other sports, and will host Australian Football League (AFL) matches as part of the competition's annual Gather Round in 2025.

## Redevelopment

Following the first two years of the AFL's annual Gather Round, the league and South Australian government began looking to move two fixtures in the round to the Barossa Valley region, after successfully hosting matches at Summit Sports Park in Mount Barker. In April 2024 the state government and Barossa Council announced they would jointly fund a $40 million redevelopment of Lyndoch Recreation Park to make the venue suitable for hosting AFL matches. The upgrade of the oval was accompanied by another recreation green space supporting relocation of athletics and a new multi-purpose building comprising a 300-seat event space, commercial kitchen, clubroom, change facilities and gym. Tennis and netball courts were also installed adjacent to the oval.
The redevelopment was completed in March 2025. The first two AFL premiership matches to be played at the venue will be North Melbourne vs Gold Coast and Richmond vs Fremantle on 12 and 13 April 2025 respectively.
# Montrose Manor, Pennsylvania

Montrose Manor is a census-designated place in Spring and Cumru Townships in Berks County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located along US Route 222 just north of Mohnton. In the 2010 census, the population was recorded as 604 residents.
# Khaṇḍanakhaṇḍanakhādya

The Khaṇḍanakhaṇḍanakhādya is a work by the 12th Advaita philosopher Shriharsha which seeks to refute the Nyaya school. Nyaya school believed that the world was real and that we can learn more about it using various Pramanas or means of knowledge. Advaitins, in contrast, believe that the world is an illusion and that all Pramanas are only valid in the illusory world, not in the ultimate reality. So the Khaṇḍana khaṇḍana khādya seeks to show that all Pramanas are ultimately invalid. This work is often said to have killed off the original Nyaya school, forcing it to regroup as the Navyanyaya school, which was a fusion of the Nyaya and Vaisheshika school. This isn't completely accurate; the fusion of Nyaya and Vaisheshika began with Udayana, against whom Shriharsha's work is actually directed. Still, the Khaṇḍana khaṇḍana khādya was an influential work in the history of Hindu philosophy.

## Commentaries

Many advaita philosophers wrote commentaries on Khaṇḍanakhaṇḍanakhādya, such as: Dravidācārya Śrī Rāmakṛṣṇan Svāmīji, Gundayya Bhaṭṭa, Citsukha, Vardhamāna, Ānandapūrṇa Vidyāsāgara etc.
# Bohdan Shust

Bohdan Romanovych Shust (Ukrainian: Богдан Романович Шуст; born 4 March 1986) is a professional Ukrainian retired footballer.

## Club career
### Karpaty Lviv

Shust started his professional career in Karpaty Lviv in 2004. By the end of his time there, he had played 19 league matches for the club.

### Shakhtar Donetsk

Halfway through the 2004–05 season Shust transferred to Ukrainian giants Shakhtar Donetsk. Following the 2007–08 season, he only made five appearances and conceded six goals. In the 2008–09 season he only played one game for the team as a second-half substitute.

### Metalurh Donetsk

In the summer of 2009 Shust transferred on a loan deal to Metalurh Donetsk.

## International career

He was a part of Ukraine's 2006 World Cup Squad as well as a member of the Ukraine national under-21 football team.

## Honours

Shakhtar Donetsk
* Ukrainian Premier League: 2004–05, 2005–06, 2007–08
* Ukrainian Cup: 2007–08
* Ukrainian Super Cup: 2008
* UEFA Cup: 2008–09
# Charles T. Duncan

Charles Taylor Duncan (July 9, 1838 – September 29, 1915) was an American nineteenth-century Virginia lawyer and state judge, who also served as a Confederate officer during the American Civil War, then after his release and pardon, as a delegate to the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1868.

## Early and family life

Born on July 9, 1838, Charles Duncan was the first surviving son born to farmer John Henry Duncan (1812–1879) (who represented Scott County in the Virginia House of Delegates 1853–1854) and his first wife Elizabeth Carter. The family would include younger brother William and several half-sisters, who were born to Duncan's second wife Jane Pendleton. His grandfather was one of the first settlers at Moccasin Gap, and his great-grandmother sheltered at Fort Blackmore during Indian raids in the Revolutionary War era.
Charles Duncan married Mary Martin (1848–1885), daughter of Col. W. S. Martin on September 20, 1860, and they had a daughter Maggie in 1872. After her death, Duncan married Ella Holliday (1855–1930), and had two sons: Charles T. Duncan (1893– ) and Paul H. Duncan (1895– ).

## Confederate military officer

Shortly after Virginia seceded from the Union, on May 10, 1861, Charles Taylor Duncan enlisted as a private in the 37th Virginia Infantry at Estillville, Virginia. Lt.Col. Simms appointed him as the battalion's adjutant by March 1862. Duncan became a lieutenant on the staff of Colonel Samuel Vance Fulkerson (1822–1862), a VMI graduate and veteran of the Mexican war who had been a local lawyer and judge. At the Battle of Gaines' Mill on June 26, 1862, he was beside Colonel Fulkerson when he received his fatal wound. On May 12, 1864, Duncan was captured and imprisoned during the early stages of the Battle of Spotsylvania Court House. During his imprisonment, he read law. His brother William Robert Duncan (1839–1913) also enlisted and survived the war.

## Postwar career

Duncan listed himself as a merchant on the first postwar census. He was admitted to the Virginia bar and practiced law for four decades, first listing himself as a lawyer in the 1880 Census.
Voters from Lee, Scott and Wise Counties elected Duncan as one of two delegate from those counties to the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1868, where he represented Conservative interests alongside Republican Andrew Melbourn. Duncan later won election (and re-election) as Commonwealth Attorney of Lee County, Virginia, and served in that position for eight years before becoming a noted criminal defense attorney in southwest Virginia. The Virginia General Assembly elected him a county court judge.

## Death

Duncan died in his sleep while visiting Gate City, Virginia on September 29, 1915, after giving an oration and unveiling a commemorative plaque on the centennial of the creation of Scott County's first courthouse.
# Skiantos

Skiantos is an Italian comedy punk band formed in Bologna in 1975. They have released ten studio albums, two live albums and five compilation albums. They participated in the Gods of Demential festival on 12 January 2007.

## Background

The group formed in the mid-1970s, and their initial repertoire mainly consisted of cover songs. After some demo tapes, the project became more concrete in 1977 with Inascoltable, an experimental improvised live album which was only distributed on cassette and which according to Freak Antoni was recorded in "a night of improvisation for ten people in love of music".
The concerts of the group, especially in the beginning, were characterized by provocative performances with references to Futurist and Dadaist at the forefront, including the launch of vegetables from the musicians on to the audience.
In 1978, the group made their official debut with MONOtono, an album considered the manifesto of the band, characterized by "raw sounds, out of time music, voices out of tune and lyrics that reveal a non-vulgar aggressiveness, made of no sense, paradoxes and puns."
On April 2, 1979, Skiantos participated in the Bologna Rock punk rock and new wave festival, where their performance attracted much publicity. The band brought on stage a kitchen, a table, a TV and a fridge, boiled some spaghetti and then ate it, without playing anything; the audience protested, and Antoni responded, "You do not understand a fucking thing: this is avant-garde, you piece-of-shit audience."
The same year, they released the album Kinotto, containing their hit Mi piaccion le sbarbine. Shortly later the leader Freak Antoni left the group, dedicating to some solo musical and literary projects with the stage names Beppe Starnazza and later Astro Vitelli. The original lineup of the group reformed in 1984, when they released the album Ti spalmo la crema.
Roberto "Freak" Antoni, leader of the band, born 16 April 1954, died in Bologna on 12 February 2014, at the age of 59. Guitarist and vocalist Fabio "Dandy Bestia" Testoni, born 2 July 1952, died on 16 March 2025, at the age of 72.

## Discography

* Inascoltable (1977)
* MONOtono (1978)
* Kinotto (1979)
* Pesissimo! (1980)
* Ti spalmo la crema (1984)
* Non c'è gusto in Italia ad essere intelligenti (1987)
* Troppo rischio per un uomo solo (1989)
* Signore dei dischi (1992)
* Saluti da Cortina (1993)
* Doppia dose (1999)
* Sogno improbabile (2005)
* Sesso pazzo (2006)
* Dio ci deve delle spiegazioni (2009)

### Singles & EP

* 1978 - "Karabigniere Blues / Io sono un autonomo"
* 1980 - "Fagioli / Mi piaccion le sbarbine"
* 1999 - "Gratis"
* 2002 - "Virus"
* 2006 - "Sesso pazzo"
* 2009 - "Phogna - The Dark Side of the Skiantos" (EP)
# Omodos

Omodos (Greek: 'Ομοδος) is a village in the Troödos Mountains of Cyprus. It is also located in the Limassol District of Cyprus and is 80 kilometers from the city of Nicosia.

## Gallery

* The monastery and the surrounding streets
* Omodos square
* Street vendor in Omodos streets
* Typical streets of Omodos
* Omodos archway
* Omodos old traditional wine press workplace
* Old woman in Omodos crocheting
* Monastery of Stavros exterior
* Interior of the church of Holy Cross