# Guilty by Suspicion

Guilty by Suspicion is a 1991 American period drama film about the Hollywood blacklist, McCarthyism, and the activities of the House Un-American Activities Committee. Written and directed by Irwin Winkler in his directorial debut, the film stars Robert De Niro, Annette Bening, and George Wendt. The character of David Merrill was inspired by the experiences of John Berry during the Hollywood blacklist era.
The film was entered into the 1991 Cannes Film Festival.

## Plot summary

David Merrill, a successful director in 1950s Hollywood, returns from film-location scouting abroad to find that a rising tide of McCarthyism and the Red Scare is creating havoc among his colleagues in the film industry.
His friend, Larry Nolan, is forced to name the many people in Hollywood possibly associated with the communist movement to the FBI and Congressional Oversight Committee. Nolan names several friends and colleagues such as Merrill as collaborators. Although most of them have tangential relations to the actual United States Communist Party, Washington D.C. forces Hollywood executives such as mogul Darryl Zanuck to convince his directors and support staff to disavow communism, agree to perjure themselves in congressional hearings, and name other Hollywood influencers as communist agents.
Merrill is asked by a Hollywood legal consultant, Felix Graff, to cooperate with FBI agents and cite four names, including screenwriter and childhood friend Bunny Baxter, as communists to Congress. Only then will he be allowed to work in the film industry again. By refusing, Merrill is blacklisted from Hollywood and slowly loses all his assets. Unable to pay alimony to his ex-wife Ruth and son, Merrill tries his luck across the country in New York City. He is initially well received by past colleagues but eventually FBI agents convince Merrill's friends on Broadway to abandon him as well.
Merrill retreats back to Los Angeles and rekindles his friendship with Ruth while he stays in her apartment. She has since sold her own home and restarted her teaching career in elementary school. Despite losing all his money, the family dynamic improves with his constant presence in his son's life. Meanwhile, Dorothy Nolan, actress and Larry's estranged wife, has a mental breakdown. Her refusal to cooperate with the FBI has led to her losing custody of her own son. When she discovers that Merrill could not offer her a job on Broadway since his own dealings with NY producers had failed, Dorothy becomes distraught and drives her car off a cliff into the Pacific Ocean.
Things begin to improve when Merrill gets a surprise call from a B-movie director to pick up the pieces of his failing western. After successfully improving the film's direction and artistry, the FBI once again track Merrill down and get him removed from the film. Bunny Baxter has also managed to get himself into a situation, as in his youth he attended communist rallies, yet he did not mention it to the FBI. That has put him in the position of perjury, and the inquiry board has threatened extensive jail time unless he also names Hollywood associates as communists. Bunny begs Merrill to allow his name to be "thrown under the bus" since he is "already dead" but Ruth kicks him out of the house in disgust.
Merrill decides to contact Zanuck's lawyer, Graff, again after Zanuck begs him to concede to the Congressional requirements to name conspirators in the communist party. Speaking to Graff, it is assumed that Merrill is broken and will cooperate with Congress in Washington D.C. to resurrect his career. At the hearing, under much derision from the Committee, Merrill again backtracks and refuses to discuss anyone outside of himself which causes a fracas in the room. The committee cites him with contempt of Congress which has led to others being sent to prison for years. As he leaves, Bunny takes his place at the witness stand and also refuses to cooperate with the demand that he name his colleagues as conspirators.

## Cast

* Robert De Niro as David Merrill
* Annette Bening as Ruth Merrill
* George Wendt as Bunny Baxter
* Patricia Wettig as Dorothy Nolan
* Sam Wanamaker as Felix Graff
* Luke Edwards as Paulie Merrill
* Chris Cooper as Larry Nolan
* Ben Piazza as Darryl F. Zanuck
* Martin Scorsese as Joe Lesser
* Barry Primus as Bert Alan
* Gailard Sartain as Chairman Wood
* Robin Gammell as Congressman Clyde Howard Tavenner
* Brad Sullivan as Congressman Harold H. Velde
* Tom Sizemore as Ray Karlin
* Stuart Margolin as Abe Barron
* Roxann Biggs as Felicia Barron
* Barry Tubb as Jerry Cooper
* Adam Baldwin as FBI Agent #1

## Reception

The film opened to positive reviews and earned praise for Robert De Niro's performance. Roger Ebert gave the film three and a half out of four stars and wrote that the film "teaches a lesson we are always in danger of forgetting: that the greatest service we can do our country is to be true to our conscience."
On Rotten Tomatoes, it holds a rating of 68% from 19 reviews.