OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Monoid (category theory)

In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a monoid (or monoid object, or internal monoid, or algebra) (M, μ, η) in a monoidal category (C, ⊗, I) is an object M together with two morphisms
* μ: M ⊗ M → M called multiplication,
* η: I → M called unit,
such that the pentagon diagram
and the unitor diagram
commute. In the above notation, 1 is the identity morphism of M, I is the unit element and α, λ and ρ are respectively the associativity, the left identity and the right identity of the monoidal category C.
Dually, a comonoid in a monoidal category C is a monoid in the dual category C$^{op}$.
Suppose that the monoidal category C has a braiding γ. A monoid M in C is commutative when μ ∘ γ = μ.

## Examples

* A monoid object in Set, the category of sets (with the monoidal structure induced by the Cartesian product), is a monoid in the usual sense.
* A monoid object in Top, the category of topological spaces (with the monoidal structure induced by the product topology), is a topological monoid.
* A monoid object in the category of monoids (with the direct product of monoids) is just a commutative monoid. This follows easily from the Eckmann–Hilton argument.
* A monoid object in the category of complete join-semilattices Sup (with the monoidal structure induced by the Cartesian product) is a unital quantale.
* A monoid object in (Ab, ⊗$_Z$, Z), the category of abelian groups, is a ring.
* For a commutative ring R, a monoid object in
** (R-Mod, ⊗$_R$, R), the category of modules over R, is a R-algebra.
** the category of graded modules is a graded R-algebra.
** the category of chain complexes of R-modules is a differential graded algebra.
* A monoid object in K-Vect, the category of K-vector spaces (again, with the tensor product), is a unital associative K-algebra, and a comonoid object is a K-coalgebra.
* For any category C, the category [C, C] of its endofunctors has a monoidal structure induced by the composition and the identity functor I$_C$. A monoid object in [C, C] is a monad on C.
* For any category with a terminal object and finite products, every object becomes a comonoid object via the diagonal morphism Δ$_X$ : X → X × X. Dually in a category with an initial object and finite coproducts every object becomes a monoid object via id$_X$ ⊔ id$_X$ : X ⊔ X → X.

## Categories of monoids

Given two monoids (M, μ, η) and (M′, μ′, η′) in a monoidal category C, a morphism f : M → M′ is a morphism of monoids when
* f ∘ μ = μ′ ∘ (f ⊗ f),
* f ∘ η = η′.
In other words, the following diagrams
commute.
The category of monoids in C and their monoid morphisms is written Mon$_C$.
# Leicester Athena

Athena is a Grade II-listed events venue in the cultural quarter of Leicester City Centre, England. Built originally as an Odeon Cinema in 1936, it closed for most of the 1990s and remained vacant up until 2005, where the building was restored as a multi-discipline events venue.

## History

The building was originally designed and built in 1936 in the Streamline Moderne style by Robert Arthur Bullivant, and operated as an Odeon Cinema. When it was first opened, the Odeon was one of the most extravagant and largest buildings in the region, with one screen and seating 2,182 guests. The terracotta panels, which feature mermaids, were hand-moulded by William Neatby at the Lambeth premises of Doulton and Co.
The cinema was opened on 28 July 1938 with a screening of A Slight Case of Murder. Seating was provided for 1,307 in the stalls and 875 in the upper circle.
In 1974 it became a three screen cinema when the original auditorium was subdivided. The main Screen 1, located in the circle and front stalls, became a 1,237 seat screen, allowing for two smaller screens, 2 and 3, underneath the circle of the rear stalls which seated 123 and 111.
In 1988 a fourth screen was added by converting the remaining front stalls into a 401 seat screen.
The original Odeon closed on 16 July 1997 when the twelve screen Odeon multiplex opened at Freemans Park. The building has been Grade II listed since August 1997, giving it protection from unauthorised modification or demolition.
The building has been restored and converted into a venue for corporate and social events.

## Today

Since re-opening in 2005, Athena has been host to artists including Olly Murs, Kasabian, Oliver Mtukudzi, X Factor Live shows, Roy Chubby Brown and Jim Davidson.

## Awards

In 2017, Athena received a Silver award at the Awards Awards in the category for Best Awards Venue, and in the same year, was a finalist at The Drum UK Event Awards.
In 2018 it picked up two awards at the National Venue Awards, receiving another Silver award for Best Awards Ceremony Venue and being named winner of the Best Event Venue for 500–1000 Guests category.
# Nuseirat refugee camp

This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict.
Nuseirat (Arabic: مخيّم النصيرات) is a Palestinian refugee camp located in the middle of the Gaza Strip, five kilometers north-east of Deir al-Balah. The refugee camp is in the Deir al-Balah Governorate, Gaza Strip. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the refugee camp had a population of 31,747 and the surrounding Nuseirat municipality had a population of 54,851 in 2017. The camp was established after the 1948 Palestinian expulsion during the 1948 Palestine war.

## History
### Ancient history

The Nuseirat camp was named after the local Nuseirat tribe, part of the larger Hanajira confederation, that historically dominated the area between Deir al-Balah and Gaza. Excavations in the area have revealed remains of a large coenobium, including a church with a crypt, a bathhouse and a hospice, reminiscent of the monastery of Martyrius at Ma'ale Adummim. The side has been tentatively identified as that of the monastery of Seridus.

### Origin of the refugee camp

The camp was established after the 1948 Palestinian expulsion during the 1948 Palestine war. Most refugees of this camp came from the southern areas of Palestine such as Beersheba and the coastal plain. Prior to the camp's establishment by UNRWA, the roughly 16,000 original refugees settled in the grounds of a former British military prison at the site.

### 2000s

In May 2018 a mosque, the Grand Nuseirat Mosque, was opened by the Qatari envoy to Gaza, Mohammed Al Emadi.

#### Israel–Hamas war

The Nuseirat refugee camp has been bombed repeatedly since the start of the Israel-Hamas war. On 18 October 2023 the Grand Nuseirat Mosque was bombed and destroyed by Israeli airstrikes, subsequently the attacks continued causing more than a hundred victims.
On 8 June 2024, the IDF and Yamam rescued four Israeli hostages held by Hamas in Nuseirat, including Noa Argamani, during a rescue operation. An IDF spokesperson stated that the hostages were guarded by armed terrorists and concealed among Gazan civilians. The Gaza Health Ministry reported that at least 274 Palestinians were killed and 698 wounded in the Israeli airstrikes on the refugee camp, causing international outrage and the attack deemed a massacre. The operation took place in two sites in Nuseirat, where the hostages were kept, a school and a marketplace.

## Population

| Census year | Population |
| 2007 | 28.093 |
| 2017 | 31.747 |
# Umar Ali Khan

Umar Ali Khan is an Indian Politician and a member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Behat representing Samajwadi Party since March 2022. He is son in law of Syed Ahmed Bukhari. He has earlier served as a member of Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council.
# FC Sakhalin Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk

FC Sakhalin Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (Russian: ФК Сахалин Южно-Сахалинск) was a Russian football club based in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia. The club was founded as FC Sakhalin-Tourist Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk in 2004 and changed their name to Sakhalin Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk in 2005.

## History

The club won the East zone of the Russian Professional Football League in the 2017–18 season, but did not apply for the license to the second-level Russian National Football League for 2018–19, refusing the promotion due to lack of financing. The same situation repeated in the 2018–19 season.
The club was liquidated at the end of 2024 due to lack of financing.

### Domestic history

| Season | League | League | League | League | League | League | League | League | League | Russian Cup | Top goalscorer | Top goalscorer | Manager |
| Season | Div. | Pos. | Pl. | W | D | L | GS | GA | P | Russian Cup | Name | League | Manager |
| 2010 | 3rd | 5th | 30 | 12 | 11 | 7 | 38 | 29 | 47 | Fourth round | Maksim Bondarenko | 11 | |
| 2011–12 | 3rd | 6th | 36 | 15 | 8 | 13 | 40 | 41 | 53 | Round of 32 Second round | Sergei Vinogradov | 18 | |
| 2012–13 | 3rd | 4th | 30 | 15 | 9 | 6 | 42 | 26 | 54 | Third round | Aleksandr Gagloyev Vadim Khinchagov | 7 | |
| 2013–14 | 3rd | 1st | 24 | 15 | 6 | 3 | 44 | 16 | 51 | Second Round | Aleksandr Gagloyev | 7 | |
| 2014–15 | 2nd | 16th | 34 | 9 | 8 | 17 | 28 | 50 | 35 | Fourth round | Nikita Satalkin | 9 | |
| 2015–16 | 3rd | 2nd | 24 | 14 | 6 | 4 | 40 | 17 | 48 | Round of 32 | Aleksandr Gagloyev | 12 | |
| 2016–17 | 3rd | 3rd | 20 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 30 | 21 | 30 | Fourth round | Yevgeni Yevstigneyev Vladimir Mikhalyov Yuri Pugachyov | 5 | |
| 2017–18 | 3rd | 1st | 20 | 14 | 0 | 6 | 37 | 17 | 42 | Third Round | Aleksandr Gagloyev | 13 | |
| 2018–19 | 3rd | 2nd | 20 | 14 | 5 | 1 | 41 | 15 | 47 | Round of 32 | Aleksandr Gagloyev | 15 | |
| 2019–20 | 3rd | 2nd | 12 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 16 | 16 | 18 | Fourth round | Yevgeni Shcherbakov Yevgeni Matrakhov | 3 | |
| 2020–21 | 3rd | 16th | 30 | 4 | 7 | 19 | 26 | 54 | 19 | 1/128 Round | Yevgeni Matrakhov Ibragim Katinovasov | 6 | |
# Jon Christensen (politician)

Jon Lynn Christensen (born February 20, 1963) is an American lawyer, politician and corporate executive who served two terms as a member of the United States House of Representatives from Nebraska from 1995 to 1999.

## Early life

Jon Lynn Christensen was born on February 20, 1963, in St. Paul, Nebraska, to Audrey Thayer (1932 - 2019) and Harlan Christensen (1931 - 1996). He has two siblings, Jim and Kay. He graduated from St. Paul High School, earned a Bachelor of Arts in business and biology from Midland Lutheran College in 1985, and a Juris Doctor from South Texas College of Law in Houston in 1989. He was admitted to the bar in Nebraska in 1992.

## Career

Christensen was vice president of COMREP, Inc. He was a marketer and salesperson for Connecticut Mutual Insurance Company. For his last several years prior to serving in Congress, he was an insurance executive and helped form the Aquila Group, Inc.

### Congress

Christensen was elected as a Republican to the 104th and 105th United States Congresses serving from January 3, 1995, to January 3, 1999. In 1998, he ran for Governor of Nebraska but came third in the Republican primary behind State Auditor John Breslow and Mike Johanns, who went on to win the general election.
Christiansen voted yes on the Housing for Older Persons Act of 1995, which would ultimately be passed by the House of Representatives in a 424-5 vote. The Act passed the Senate in a 94-3 vote and it was signed into law by President Bill Clinton on December 28, 1995.
Christiansen voted yes on the Jerusalem Embassy Act of 1995, which would pass through the House in a 374-37 vote. It went through the Senate where it was passed in a 93-5 vote. It became law on November 8, 1995 without a presidential signature.
Christiansen voted yes on the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996, which was passed in the House by a unanimous vote of 417-0. It was passed in the Senate in a unanimous vote. President Bill Clinton signed it into law on August 3, 1996.
Christiansen voted yes on the Defense of Marriage Act of 1996. The act was passed by the House in a 342-67 vote. The Senate passed the bill in an 84-15 vote. President Bill Clinton signed the bill into law on September 21, 1996. The Defense of Marriage Act was overturned by the Supreme Court in the case Obergefell v. Hodges, which occurred in 2015. The Act was struck down in its entirety by the Respect for Marriage Act, which was passed by the 117th Congress in 2022.
Christiansen voted 'yea' on all four articles of impeachment against President Bill Clinton in 1996, including both perjury charges, obstruction of justice, and abuse of power.

### Later career

After leaving Congress, he became an attorney and policy advocate in Washington, D.C.
Christensen is a member of the ReFormers Caucus of Issue One.

## Personal life

Christensen has been married twice. He married Meredith Stewart Maxfield in 1987. The marriage ended in divorce in 1996. In 1998, he married the former Miss America, Tara Dawn Holland; they have two daughters.
# Taiwan Second Division Football League

Taiwan Second Division Football League (sometimes called Taiwan Football Challenge League) (Chinese: 台灣企業甲級升降足球聯賽; pinyin: Táiwān Qǐyè Jiǎ Jí Shēngjiàng Zúqiú Liánsài) is the second-ranked division in the Taiwanese football league run by Chinese Taipei Football Association (CTFA). This League is directly below the Taiwan Premier League. The league currently comprises eight teams from around Taiwan.

## Competition format

The Taiwan Football Second Division League's schedule usually runs from July to November, after the initial qualifiers where new entries play own tournament, with top 2 playing last 2 from previous Challenge League season. It currently contains 8 teams that compete in a double leg round-robin tournament, each composed of seven games. After the 14-game schedule is completed, the top team wins the league title and an automatic berth in the following year's Taiwan Football Premier League .
Since 2020, a system of promotion and relegation exists between the Premier League and the Taiwan Football Challenge League ( Chinese: 台灣企業甲級升降足球聯賽). The top team from the Second Division league is promoted to Premier League and the lowest placed team in the Premier League is relegated to the Second Division League. The runner-up of the Second Division League will play in a qualification tournament with the 7th-placed team from the Premier League.

## Teams

Currently, there are 6 teams competing in this league. The league has implemented a promotion and relegation system.
Teams (2024) :
| Team | Chinese name | Home | First Participation |
| Inter Taoyuan | 桃園國際 | Taoyuan | 2020 |
| MCU Desafio | 銘傳Desafio | Taipei | 2024 |
| NUK Kuo Kuang | 高大國光 | Kaohsiung | 2023 |
| Sunny Bank AC Taipei Reserves | 陽信北競預備隊 | Taipei | 2023 |
| Taipei Elite | 臺北菁英 | Taipei | 2022 |
| TCRFC | 台中磐石 | Taichung | 2024 |

### Former teams

* Andy Chen Academy (2020–2021)
* CPC Corporation (2020)
* Kaohsiung (2020–2022)
* Mars (2020–2022)
* Pakarongay (2020)
* Saturday Football International (2020–2023)
* Vikings-PlayOne (2020–2023)
* Base (2021–2022)
* Ming Chuan University (2021)
* Land Home NTUS (2022–2023)
* TCRFC (2024)

### Timeline

Current team Former team Premier League

## Champions

| Season | Champion | Runner-up | Third Place |
| 2020 | CPC Corporation F.C. | Inter Taoyuan F.C. | Andy Chen Academy |
| 2021 | Andy Chen Academy | Ming Chuan University F.C. | Saturday Football International |
| 2022 | Flight Skywalkers F.C. | Land Home NTUS F.C. | MARS F.C. |
| 2023 | Vikings-PlayOne F.C. | Land Home NTUS F.C. | Inter Taoyuan F.C. |
| 2024 | TCRFC | NUK Kuo Kuang | Inter Taoyuan F.C. |
# 1919 International League season

The 1919 International League was a Class AA baseball season played between April 30 and September 14. Eight teams played a 154-game schedule, with the first place team winning the pennant.
The Baltimore Orioles won the International League pennant, finishing in first place, eight games ahead of the second place Toronto Maple Leafs.

## Team changes

* The Hamilton Tigers moved to the Michigan-Ontario League.
* The Reading Coal Barons join the league.

## Teams

1919 International League :
| Team | City | MLB Affiliate | Stadium |
| Baltimore Orioles | Baltimore, Maryland | None | Oriole Park |
| Binghamton Bingoes | Binghamton, New York | None | Johnson Field |
| Buffalo Bisons | Buffalo, New York | None | Buffalo Baseball Park |
| Jersey City Skeeters | Jersey City, New Jersey | None | West Side Park |
| Newark Bears | Newark, New Jersey | None | Harrison Park |
| Reading Coal Barons | Reading, Pennsylvania | None | Lauer's Park |
| Rochester Hustlers | Rochester, New York | None | Bay Street Ball Grounds |
| Toronto Maple Leafs | Toronto, Ontario | None | Hanlan's Point Stadium |

## Regular season
### Baltimore Orioles

The Baltimore Orioles became the first team in league history to win 100 games in a season.

### Standings

International League :
| Team | Win | Loss | % | GB |
| Baltimore Orioles | 100 | 49 | .671 | – |
| Toronto Maple Leafs | 92 | 57 | .617 | 8 |
| Buffalo Bisons | 81 | 67 | .547 | 18.5 |
| Binghamton Bingoes | 75 | 71 | .514 | 23.5 |
| Newark Bears | 71 | 80 | .470 | 30 |
| Rochester Hustlers | 67 | 83 | .447 | 33.5 |
| Jersey City Skeeters | 56 | 93 | .376 | 44 |
| Reading Coal Barons | 51 | 93 | .354 | 46.5 |

## League Leaders
### Batting leaders

| Stat | Player | Total |
| AVG | Otis Lawry, Baltimore Orioles | .364 |
| H | Merwin Jacobson, Baltimore Orioles | 203 |
| R | Fritz Maisel, Baltimore Orioles | 135 |
| 2B | Fritz Maisel, Baltimore Orioles | 44 |
| 3B | Joe Shannon, Binghamton Bingoes Frank Wigglesworth, Jersey City Skeeters | 15 |
| HR | George Kelly, Rochester Hustlers | 15 |
| SB | Ed Miller, Newark Bears | 87 |

### Pitching leaders

| Stat | Player | Total |
| W | Rube Parnham, Baltimore Orioles | 28 |
| L | Reid Zellars, Jersey City Skeeters | 23 |
| ERA | Rip Jordan, Buffalo Bisons | 1.43 |
| SO | Rube Parnham, Baltimore Orioles | 187 |
# Les Hôtels Baverez

Les Hôtels Baverez is a French luxury hotel group established by the Baverez family in 1900.

## History

Since 1900, Les Hôtels Baverez has been managed by the same family. The group operates three 5-star establishments in Paris. The group was started by Constant Baverez and Léonard Tauber, and includes the Hôtel Regina (1900), Hôtel Majestic (1908), and Hôtel Raphael (1925).
Bevarez's son, Paul Baverez, and his daughter, Françoise Beauvais (née Baverez), have also managed the group. She is currently the chair of the group's board of directors, and her daughter, Véronique Valcke, has been the executive director of all three hotels since 2010. Mme. Beauvais was awarded the rank of Chevalier in the French Legion of Honour in 2014.

## Hôtel Regina

Inaugurated in 1900 for the World's Fair in Paris, Hôtel Regina is situated on the Place des Pyramides, which takes its name from Napoleon’s victory in Egypt in 1798. The hotel occupies a Second Empire-era building. Léonard Tauber and his associate Constant Baverez built it between 1898 and 1900. The Regina was named after Queen Victoria, symbolizing the Entente Cordiale between the French and the British.
The hotel's first renovation phase was completed in the summer of 2014. The second phase, which started in October 2014, was inaugurated on September 29, 2015. The renovation costs were estimated at 17 million euros. In November 2014, Mr. Piazzi was appointed as the new director. In August 2015, the hotel received its fifth star from Atout France agency.

## Majestic Hôtel-Spa

The Majestic Hôtel-Spa is located at 30 rue La Pérouse in the 16th arrondissement of Paris. The original Hôtel Majestic was built by Léonard Tauber and opened in 1908 as the second hotel of what is now the Baverez group. It was located on the other side of rue La Pérouse in the building now known as The Peninsula Paris Hotel. That building was purchased by the French government in 1936 to serve as offices for the Ministry of War.
The 30 rue La Pérouse building was opened in February 2010 as Hôtel Majestic Villa. Later, the name was changed to Majestic Hôtel-Spa.

## Hôtel Raphael

Hôtel Raphael is a 5-star hotel in the 16th arrondissement of Paris. It was built in 1925 by Léonard Tauber and Constant Baverez, based on the plans of architect André Rousselot. The hotel has Art-Deco-style decorations and was named after the painter Raphael. Hollywood actors such as Ava Gardner, Katharine Hepburn, Charles Bronson, Yul Brynner, Henry Fonda, Clark Gable, Grace Kelly, Burt Lancaster, Steve McQueen, Roger Moore, Kirk Douglas, Gary Cooper and Marlon Brando were regular guests. During the German occupation of Paris, the hotel was the principal billet for senior officers of the SS, Gestapo, and Wehrmacht. The German author Ernst Jünger was a resident at the Raphael and wrote many of the entries for his war journals within its confines.
# Passiflora pectinata

Passiflora pectinata is a species of flowering plant native to the West Indies.

## Taxonomy

Passiflora pectinata has been assigned to subgenus Passiflora, section Dysosmia.

## Etymology

The species is named for the pectinate (comb-shaped) involucral bracts.

## Description

The vine is glabrous throughout. The stem is subangular, striate, and rather stout. Stipules are deeply cleft into linear or subulate, gland-tipped segments. Petioles are 1 to 2 cm long, often bearing a few stiff, gland-tipped hairs. Leaves are cordate-deltoid, 4 to 7 cm long, 3 to 6 cm wide, obscurely hastate or not lobed, acute or obtusish at apex, deeply cordate at base, repand-crenulate (often with minute glands in the sinuses of the crenations at the tips of the nerves), 5-nerved, coriaceous, often sublustrous. Peduncles are solitary, 2 to 3 cm long. Bracts are 2 to 3 cm, long pectinate or once pinnatifid (segments gland-tipped, scarcely longer than width of rachis), rarely bipinnatifid, but the rachis at least 2 mm. wide. Flowers are 5 to 8 cm wide, white. Sepals are linear or linear-lanceolate, 2.5 to 3.5 cm long, 5 to 8 mm wide at base, obtuse, corniculate just below apex, the horn being up to 7 mm long, subfoliaceous. Petals are linear, 2 to 3 cm. long, 4 to 6 mm wide, obtuse, white. Coronal filaments are in several series, with the 2 outer narrowly ligulate, the outermost 1 to 1.5 cm long, the second 6 to 8 mm long, the succeeding 2 or 3 series consisting of filiform threads 2 to 3 mm long. The operculum is membranous, barely 1 mm high, denticulate. The ovary is ovoid, tapering at apex. Fruit is subglobose, 2 to 3 cm in diameter, deep pink. Seeds are oblong, about 5 mm. long, 4 mm. wide, tridentate at apex, shallowly coarsely reticulate.

## Distribution and habitat

Passiflora pectinata is native to the Bahamas, Bermuda, Hispaniola (the Dominican Republic and Haiti) and the Turks and Caicos, where it is frequently found growing in sand dunes and low scrub.