# Army of the Holy War

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Palestinian nationalism Factions and leaders :
Yassin + Haniyeh RantisiMashalSinwarDeifDeifMabhouhHabashAbbasHawatmehNakhalah :
Map: Birthplaces or family origins Details below: p. parents from, b. born in, d. death. :
Palestine Liberation Organization
Chairman
Mahmoud Abbas
Also: President of the PNA
PLO political factions
Palestinian National Liberation Movement (Fatah)
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP)
Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP)
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command (PFLP-GC)
Palestinian People's Party (PPP)
Palestinian Liberation Front (PLF)
Arab Liberation Front (ALF)
Palestinian Democratic Union (FIDA)
Palestinian Popular Struggle Front (PPSF)
Palestinian Arab Front (PAF)
Vanguard for the Popular Liberation War – Lightning Forces (As-Sa'iqa)
Related groups
Palestinian National Initiative
Leader Mustafa Barghouti :
Fatah
Founders
Yasser Arafat
p. Gaza City b. Cairo d. 2004 in Paris
Khaled Yashruti
Salah Khalaf
Khalil al-Wazir
Chairman
Mahmoud Abbas
b. Safed
(President of the PA)
Secretary-General
Jibril Rajoub
Vice Chairman
Mahmoud Aloul :
Fatah splinter groups
Al-Mustaqbal (electoral list)
Marwan Barghouti
Prisoner of Israel
see also: Gaza war hostage crisis
Palestinian Mujahideen Movement
Militant wing Mujahideen Brigades
Former militant wings of Fatah
Raed Al Karmi
Founder of the Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades
Naif Abu-Sharah
Local commander in Nablus
Fadi Kafisha
Former head of the Tanzim in Nablus
Sirhan Sirhan
Zakaria Zubeidi
Local commander in Jenin
see also Tali Fahima
Samih Madhoun
d. killed by EQB
Ibrahim al-Nabulsi
see also: Lions' Den :
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine
Secretary General
George Habash
b. Lydda
Abu Ali Mustafa
Birth name: "Mustafa Ali Zabri"
b. 1938 Arraba, Jenin Jenin
See also: 17 October 2001
Ahmad Sa'adat
Prisoners of Israel since 2006
see also: Gaza war hostage crisis
Deputy Secretary General
Jamil Mezher
Other key figures
Ghassan Kanafani
Schisms and splinter groups
PFLP-GC :
Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine
Split from the PFLP in 1969.
Founder and current leader
Nayef Hawatmeh
b. 1938 As-Salt
Militant wing National Resistance Brigades
Spokesperson: Abu Khaled :
Palestinian Islamic Jihad
Ziyad al-Nakhalah
b. Khan Yunis
Militant wing Al-Quds Brigades :
Hamas
List of leaders
Chairman of Hamas Shura Council (1987‑2004)
Ahmed Yassin
b. Al-Jura, d. 2004
Abdel Aziz al-Rantisi
b. Yibna, d. 2004
Chairman of Hamas Polit Bureau
Ismail Haniyeh
p. Al-Jura, b. Al-Shati, d. 2024
Khaled Mashal
b. Silwad
Leader in the Gaza Strip
Yahya Sinwar
p. Al‑Majal, b. Khan Yunis, d 2024
Head of International relations
Basem Naim
b. Beit Hanoun
Police and Disaster Management
Faiq Al-Mabhouh
p. Bayt Tima, d. 2024
Minister for Women's Affairs
Jamila Abdallah Taha al-Shanti
b. Jabalia, d. 2023, m. Widow of Rantisi
Militant wingAl-Qassam Brigades
Leader Mohammed Deif
Birth name: Mohammed Al-Masri
p. Kawkaba (near Kokhav Michael) and Al‑Qubayba, b. Khan Yunis
d. Failed attempt in 2014
d. Unconfirmed: 2024)
Related topics
Gaza Strip under Hamas
Hamas in Lebanon
All-Palestine Government in Gaza
Ashkelon incorporation into Israel :
Historical figures
Izz ad-Din al-Qassam
Namesake of the Al-Qassam Brigades
Musa Alami
early Palestinian nationalist
b. 1897 in Jerusalem
Yaqub al-Ghusayn
b. 1899 in Ramla
George Antonius
b. 1891 Deir al-Qamar
al-Husayni family
Jamal al-Husayni
Musa al-Husayni :
Related topics
Ideologies
Palestinian nationalism
Islamism in the Gaza Strip
Islamic nationalism § Hamas
Present day
Palestinian political parties
Elections in Palestine
Palestinian political violence
Gaza Strip under Hamas
Palestinian Legislative Council
State of Palestine
Occupied Palestinian territories
List of Palestinians
1967 to 1995
Palestinian fedayeen
History of Hamas
1948 to 1967
All-Palestine Government
Gaza Protectorate
Jordanian annexation of the West Bank
Palestinian National Council
1918 to 1948
Mandatory Palestine
Jewish insurgency in Mandatory Palestine
Army of the Holy War
Society for the Defense of Palestine
Before 1918
Origin of the Palestinians :
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The Army of the Holy War or Holy War Army (Arabic: جيش الجهاد المقدس; Jaysh al-Jihād al-Muqaddas) was a Palestinian Arab irregular force in the 1947–1948 civil war in Mandatory Palestine led by Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni and Hasan Salama. The force has been described as Husayni's "personal" army. The Arab League set up the Arab Salvation Army (Jaysh al-Inqadh al-Arabi) as a counter to the Army of the Holy War while, in practice, the Arab governments prevented thousands of volunteers from joining either force.
Abd al-Qadir al-Husayni arrived in the Jerusalem sector in December 1947 and by March 1948 had about 128 men. He established his headquarters at Bir Zeit and started to conduct a blockade of Jerusalem by attacking the Jewish convoys to the city. Hasan Salama, with 950 men of the Jihad and 228 irregulars, took responsibility for the operations in the Lydda and Ramle sectors, at the entry of the Tel Aviv-Jerusalem road.
The Army of the Holy War had over 50,000 Palestinian Arabs available for local defense but a force of only 5,000 to 10,000, both foreign fighters from Arab states and Palestinian Arab militiamen, available to be sent where needed during the 1947–1949 Palestine war.
Husayni was killed during the battle for control of Qastal Hill on the Tel Aviv-Jerusalem road, on 8 April 1948. His forces captured Qastal from the Haganah, which had occupied the village at the start of Operation Nachshon six days earlier with a force of about 100 men. They retreated to the Jewish settlement of Motza. Palmach troops recaptured the village on the night of 8–9 April; most of the houses were blown up and the hill became a command post. Husayni's death was a factor in the loss of morale among his forces.
When the All-Palestine Protectorate was formed on 22 September 1948, during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, it revived the Holy War Army, with the declared aim of "liberating Palestine". However, the government had no money of its own, and operated only under the supervision of Egypt, and was generally ineffective.
In October 1948, Jordan gave an order to its forces, the Arab Legion, to surround and forcibly disarm various units of the Holy War Army.