OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Susan Smulyan

Susan Smulyan is professor of American Studies and former director of the John Nicholas Brown Center for Public Humanities and Cultural Heritage at Brown University. A graduate of Yale University, Smulyan's research focuses on U.S. popular culture in the 20th century.

## Early life and education

Smulyan attended Yale University, where she earned a BA (1975), MA (1980), and PhD (1985).

## Career

Smulyan taught at University of Texas at San Antonio from 1985 until 1988, when she joined the Department of American Civilization (later renamed American Studies) at Brown University. She is professor of American Studies and director of the John Nicholas Brown Center for Public Humanities and Cultural Heritage at Brown.
Smulyan's work focuses on popular culture in the United States in the 20th century. Her first book, Selling Radio: The Commercialization of American Broadcasting, 1920-1934, described the rise of advertising on the medium of radio. Reviewing the book for the journal American Journalism, William James Ryan suggested that Smulyan made an important contribution in documenting the historical contingency (rather than inevitability) of this development: that, per Ryan, "American radio did not need to become what it became." In The Business History Review, Regina Lee Blaszczyk emphasized Smulyan's "savvy borrowing of research methods and theories from several fields" to develop this investigation.
Smulyan has also served as chair of the board of directors of New Urban Arts, a youth mentoring program in Rhode Island.

### Doing Public Humanities (2020)

In July 2020, Routledge published Smulyan's Doing Public Humanities, an edited collection of essays, which "explores the cultural landscape from disruptive events to websites, from tours to exhibits, from after school arts programs to archives", providing a broad perspective of the work of public humanities. This work builds on Smulyan's tenure as the director of the John Nicholas Brown Center for Public Humanities and Cultural Heritage at Brown University and features case studies written by other scholars affiliated with the Center.
Like Smulyan's earlier work, Doing Public Humanities is interdisciplinary and combines a practitioner's focus on case studies with the scholar's more abstract and theoretical approach. Smulyan's own essay, "What Can the Public Arts Teach the Public Humanities", draws on her work with an after school arts program in Providence, RI—New Urban Arts. Other contributors present a public humanities practice that encourages social justice and explores the intersectionalities of race, class, gender, and sexualities.

## Works

* Selling Radio: The Commercialization of American Broadcasting, 1920-1934 (Smithsonian Institution Press, 1994)
* Popular Ideologies: Mass Culture at Mid-Century (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007)
* ed., Major Problems in American Popular Culture, with Kathleen Franz (Wadsworth Cengage Learning, 2011)
* ed., Doing Public Humanities (Routledge, 2020)
# 2025 Valdostan regional election

The 2025 Valdostan regional election is scheduled to take place in September 2025 in Aosta Valley, Italy. The election is part of the wider 2025 Italian regional elections.

## Electoral law

The Regional Council of Aosta Valley (Italian: Consiglio regionale della Valle d'Aosta, French: Conseil de la Vallée) is composed by 35 members. The Council is elected for a five-year term. There is only one regional constituency. The President of Aosta Valley is elected by the Council. The electoral law was recently changed by the L.R. 16/2017 and the L.R. 9/2019.
The election of the Regional Council is based on a direct choice for the candidate and it is possible to express only one preference for the list. If a single party list or a coalition of party lists gets more than 42% of valid votes cast, it is assigned a majority bonus of 21 seats. If no one reach this threshold, the seats are determined proportionally. For the proportional allocation there are two thresholds: given the largest remainder method by dividing the valid votes cast for all lists and the seats to be assigned, if a party list doesn't reach the minimum quota required, the party list is excluded to the allocation of the seats. However, if a party list gets only one seat during the first allocation of seats, it is excluded and its seat is reallocated.

## Background

In the 2020 regional election, the Valdostan Union (UV) was reduced to 15.8%, its second worst result ever, while the LNVdA came a stronger first. However, after the election, UV leader Erik Lavévaz formed a government composed of the PD, Civic Network (RC), the Valdostan Alliance (AV), Edelweiss (SA) and Mouv'. Within a year, AV and Mouv' joined forces, while the RC-led Progressive Civic Project (PCP) left the government. In 2023 Testolin formed a new government, which, differently from Lavévaz's, comprised also For Autonomy.
The largest regional party UV decided to not participate in the 2024 European Parliament election citing the electoral system.
In late 2023, Mouv' and the AV started a merging process into the UV. In June 2024, at an extraordinary congress of the UV, the reunion was finally approved. In December 2024, Laurent Viérin's Valdostan Pride followed. The Sovereign Aosta Valley Country (PAS) stated that they are open for a coalition. In July 2024, rumors came out of a coalition between SA, Valdostan Rally (RV), For Autonomy and Evolvendo after they rejected the invitation by PAS. In October, these parties alongside Renaissance started negotiations for a "centrist, liberal-democratic and reformist" coalition. In March 2025, PAS announced that they negotiate with UV and did not rule out running as independents on their list.
In June 2024, the Centre-right coalition (Lega, FI, FdI, NM, UdC) announced that they plan to run as a coalition.
# 2024–25 Elche CF season

The 2024–25 season is the 102nd season in the history of the Elche CF, and the club's second consecutive season in Segunda División. In addition to the domestic league, the team is scheduled to participate in the Copa del Rey.
Eder Sarabia was appointed coach on 24 June.

## Competitions
### Overall record

| Competition | First match | Last match | Starting round | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record | Record |
| Competition | First match | Last match | Starting round | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Win % |
| Segunda División | 18 August 2024 | 1 June 2025 | Matchday 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +0 | !— |
| Copa del Rey | | | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +0 | !— |
| Total | Total | Total | Total | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | +0 | !— |
Source: Soccerway

### Segunda División
#### League table

| Pos | Teamvte | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 2 | Racing Santander | 31 | 16 | 8 | 7 | 49 | 35 | +14 | 56 | Promotion to La Liga |
| 3 | Mirandés | 31 | 16 | 7 | 8 | 41 | 25 | +16 | 55 | Qualification for promotion playoffs |
| 4 | Elche | 31 | 15 | 9 | 7 | 41 | 25 | +16 | 54 | Qualification for promotion playoffs |
| 5 | Huesca | 31 | 14 | 9 | 8 | 42 | 27 | +15 | 51 | Qualification for promotion playoffs |
| 6 | Oviedo | 31 | 14 | 9 | 8 | 42 | 36 | +6 | 51 | Qualification for promotion playoffs |

#### Results summary

| Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Home | Home | Home | Home | Home | Home | Away | Away | Away | Away | Away | Away |
Last updated: 1 February 2025. Source: soccerway

#### Results by round

| Round | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 |
| Ground | H | A | H | A | H | H | A | A | H | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H | A | H |
| Result | L | L | W | L | D | W | W | L | D | W | D | W | W | L | D | W | D | W | D | W | W | W | D | W | L | W | D | W | L | W | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Position | 20 | 21 | 14 | 19 | 18 | 14 | 11 | 13 | 13 | 11 | 11 | 10 | 6 | 10 | 9 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | | |

#### Matches

The match schedule was released on 26 June 2024.
# Reciprocal difference

In mathematics, the reciprocal difference of a finite sequence of numbers $(x_{0},x_{1},...,x_{n})$ on a function $f(x)$ is defined inductively by the following formulas:
    $\rho _{1}(x_{1},x_{2})={\frac {x_{1}-x_{2}}{f(x_{1})-f(x_{2})}}$
    $\rho _{2}(x_{1},x_{2},x_{3})={\frac {x_{1}-x_{3}}{\rho _{1}(x_{1},x_{2})-\rho _{1}(x_{2},x_{3})}}+f(x_{2})$
    $\rho _{n}(x_{1},x_{2},\ldots ,x_{n+1})={\frac {x_{1}-x_{n+1}}{\rho _{n-1}(x_{1},x_{2},\ldots ,x_{n})-\rho _{n-1}(x_{2},x_{3},\ldots ,x_{n+1})}}+\rho _{n-2}(x_{2},\ldots ,x_{n})$
# Budy Garlińskie

Budy Garlińskie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szydłowo, within Mława County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) east of Mława and 107 km (66 mi) north of Warsaw.
# Jacob Wilhelm Nordan

Jacob Wilhelm Nordan (23 February 1824 – 11 April 1892) was a Danish-born, Norwegian architect. During his career, he was one of the most prolific church architects in Norway.

## Biography

Nordan was born in Copenhagen, Denmark and came to Norway as a child with his mother. He attended the Royal Drafting School (Den Kongelige Tegneskole) in Christiania (now Oslo), where Johannes Flintoe, Christian Heinrich Grosch and Johan Henrik Nebelong were among his teachers. From 1849 to 1852, Nordan worked under architect Johan Henrik Nebelong as assistant and building manager during the construction of Oscarshall. From 1852 to 1855, he studied at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts in Copenhagen and received travel grants to Bavaria and Austria.
In 1856, he established architectural office in Christiania, while he also taught at the Royal Drafting School. While working for the Ministry of the Church of Norway, he designed nearly one hundred churches. Among his designs are also Fritzøehus Manor located outside Larvik, the former fire and police station in Oslo at Møllergata 19, and the bazaars on the public square at Youngstorget in downtown Oslo.
In 1860, Nordan married Danish artist Henriette Dorothea Henius (1826–1903). Their son Victor Nordan (1862–1933) was also an architect. He became his father's partner in 1887 and took over the company at his death 1892.

## Gallery

* Førde Church in Sunnfjord Municipality (1885)
* Askim Church in Østfold (1878)
* Thorvald Meyers gate 38 at Grünerløkka (1876)
* Stavanger Hetlandsbanken in Stavanger (1891)
* Former fire and police station at Møllergata 19 (1866)
* Hustad Church in Hustadvika Municipality (1874)
* King Oscar II Chapel at Grense Jakobselv (1869)
* Fritzøehus Manor at Larvik (1860–63)
# Tomislav Štrkalj

Tomislav Štrkalj (born 2 August 1996) is a Croatian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Iranian club Tractor.

## Club career

Štrkalj spent most of is youth career in several wider Zagreb area clubs, including NK Inter Zaprešić – where he became a Croatia U17 national team player and GNK Dinamo Zagreb where he moved subsequently. He joined NK Osijek's academy, however, in the summer of 2013. In 2014, he was sent on loan to the fourth-tier NK Metalac Osijek where he scored 24 goals in 28 matches. Returning to NK Osijek in the summer of 2015, he signed a five-year professional contract with the club and joined the senior team. Štrkalj made his Prva HNL debut in the 9 August 2015 3–0 away loss against NK Slaven Belupo, coming in from the bench in the 81st minute for Antonio Perošević.
On 14 August 2019 he signed a four-year contract with Portuguese Primeira Liga club Tondela.
On 16 August 2022, Tondela sent Štrkalj on loan to Croatian Football League side Hrvatski Dragovoljac.
In March 2022, Štrkalj was loaned to Latvian club FK Auda.
On 7 August 2023, Croatian Football League side Slaven Belupo announced the free signing of Štrkalj on a two-year deal, after his contract with Tondela had expired.
# Malad

Malad (Pronunciation:) is a suburb located in North Mumbai. Malad has a railway station on the Western line (Mumbai Suburban Railway) of the Mumbai Suburban Railway, lying between Kandivali station to the north and Goregaon station to the south. The railway tracks of the Western Line divide Malad into Malad (West) and Malad (East). It has a large Marathi population. Also located in Malad is a prominent office commercial space extending from the back of the two prominent shopping malls Inorbit Mall & Infiniti Mall. Marve Beach and Aksa Beach are Located in Malad.

## History

Ahead of Aksa Beach, is the hidden and relatively lesser known vital landmark, which is the Malad Fort a.k.a. Madh Fort. The fort overlooks the Arabian Sea and was captured by the Maratha Empire, from the Portuguese in 1739. INS Hamla, a logistics and training establishment of the Indian navy is situated in Malad.

## Educational institutes

* St. Anne's High School & Junior College
* Kendriya Vidyalaya INS Hamla
* Durgadevi Saraf Institute of Management Studies
* Mahindra Academy
* Lords Universal College
* Ryan International School (ICSE/CBSE, Malad)
* Seth Juggilal Poddar Academy
* Malad West School in Mumbai, Vibgyor Rise
* Nagindas Khandwala College

## Beaches

* Marve Beach
* Aksa Beach
* Manori Beach
# Thakka Thakka

Thakka Thakka (transl. Attack) is a 2015 Indian Tamil-language action drama film written and directed by Santhana Kumar, whose younger brother, Vikranth, plays the lead role. The film, earlier titled Piravi, also stars Rahul Venkat, Abhinaya, Leema Babu and Parvati Nirban. It was released by S. Thanu's Kalaipuli International on 28 August 2015. The film was dubbed into Hindi as Phir Se Mafiaraaj.

## Plot

The story follows the life of two orphans: Sathya and Karthi. In Sathya's youth, his mother Thulasi was exploited as a sex worker by a man named Bala. After she gives birth to Sathya, he is presumed dead and is buried alive. Thulasi saves him and cares for him until Bala kills her. Sathya meets Karthi and they become friends, working for a restaurant owner named Annachi. Karthi is love with a girl named Indu while her friend Saranya often fights with Sathya. Things go awry when Indu is kidnapped by her uncle and is to be sold along with other girls as a sex slave. Karthi is killed in the process, and Sathya must fight the goons on his own.

## Cast

* Vikranth as Sathya
* Abhinaya as Indhu
* Aravinnd Singh as Karthi
* Parvati Nirban as Saranya
* Aruldoss as Bala
* Rahul Venkat as Paraman
* Charle as Indhu's father
* Uma as Sarasu, Indhu's mother
* Bose Venkat as Kasi
* Leema Babu as Thulasi
* Thavasi as Annachi
* Yogi Ram as Kumaru
* Anjana
* Ranjini
* Sarithiran
* Neil
* Kalaikumar
* Master Shashikiran as Young Sathya
* Master Darshan as Young Karthi
* Arya, Vishal and Vishnu Vishal appeared in a promotional song.

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack was composed by Jakes Bejoy in his Tamil debut. The album was released by the Saregama label.
Soundtrack listing :
| # | Title | Performer(s) |
| 1 | Thakka Thakka | Haricharan |
| 2 | Saaral Mazhai | Saindhavi, Abhay |
| 3 | Yaar Ivano | Sanjeevkumar, Jakes Bejoy |
| 4 | Thedi Thedi | Jakes Bejoy, Ranjith |
| 5 | Yaaro Yaar | Pradeep |
| 6 | Egambaney | Ayyadurai |
| 7 | Edhum Sollamal | Chinmayi, Haricharan |

## Critical reception

The Times of India rated the film 3 out of 5 and wrote, "Thakka Thakka is the kind of film that shows spirit even though it doesn't come together as a whole. There are moments that stand out, but the film lacks the tautness in writing that could have made it into a gripping action film". Sudhir Srinivasan of The Hindu wrote, "Thakka Thakka's predictable, wafer-thin plot actually makes even seem like meritorious literary work in comparison." Behindwoods rated the film 2 out of 5 and wrote, "On the whole what promises to be a thrilling action film loses track mid-way." Silverscreen wrote, "Everything about Thaakka Thaaka, from the title, to the posters, to the trailers and promos, made it a point to tell the audience that the film is about action. The filmmakers wanted the film to be 'hard-hitting'. Perhaps they took the term too seriously, because most of the film is full of 'hard-hitting' stunts – punches, throat-slitting, stabbing, and hitting people with long iron rods."
# Kulptown, Pennsylvania

Kulptown is an unincorporated community in Berks County, Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania Route 345 runs through the town, which is located just south of the borough of Birdsboro. Located in Union Township, the village is served by the Daniel Boone Area School District.
* This Berks County, Pennsylvania state location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Kiskimere, Pennsylvania

Kiskimere is a census-designated place located in Parks Township, Armstrong County, in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census the population was 135. The community is located on the east bank of the Kiskiminetas River and is bordered by the community of Pleasant View to the south. To the west, across the river, is Allegheny Township in Westmoreland County.
Pennsylvania Route 66 (River Road) passes through Kiskimere, leading 3 miles (5 km) northwest (downstream) to Leechburg and 2.5 miles (4.0 km) southeast (upstream) to North Vandergrift.
# The Saint and Her Fool

The Saint and Her Fool (German: Die Heilige und ihr Narr) is a 1928 German silent drama film directed by William Dieterle and starring Dieterle, Lien Deyers and Gina Manès. It was based on a novel by Agnes Günther and premiered at the Capital am Zoo in Berlin. Art direction was by Andrej Andrejew. For a long time, the movie was considered lost. Although never released in the US, a nitrate copy was discovered in Jack Warner's personal vault. In 2008 it was given to the UCLA in Los Angeles and restored.
It was remade twice into a 1935 German film directed by Hans Deppe, music by Franz R. Friedl and a 1957 Austrian film directed by Gustav Ucicky.

## Cast

* William Dieterle as Harro, Graf von Torstein
* Lien Deyers as Rosemarie von Brauneck
* Gina Manès as Fürstin von Brauneck
* Félix P. Soler as Fürst von Brauneck
* Camilla von Hollay as Fräulein Braun
* Mathilde Sussin as Frau von Hardenstein
* Heinrich Gotho as Märt
* Sophie Pagay as Tante Uli
* Auguste Prasch-Grevenberg as Tante Marga
* Hanni Reinwald as Lisa, Rosemaries Zofe
* Loni Nest as Rosemarie als Kind
# Thawabit

Al-Thawabit al-Wataniyya (Arabic: الثوابت الوطنية), shortened as Thawabit ('fundamental principles') and sometimes referred to as Palestinian red-lines, are a set of Palestinian principles representing the core issues of national consensus on the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. The term Thawabit was coined by the Palestinian National Council in 1977. According to Elgindy, these principles include:
* the right to resistance,
* the right to self-determination (statehood),
* Jerusalem as the capital of Palestine, and
* the right of Palestinian refugees to return to their homes and lands in what is today Israel (in accordance with UNGA 194).
Shaked writes that the Thawabit, declared as Palestinians' inviolable national rights, "became the cornerstones of the ethos of conflict of the Palestinian society, featuring prominently in all cultural products, in the media, in the speeches of leaders, in official documents, in textbooks and in the daily life of the Palestinian society."
The Thawabit was reaffirmed in the 2005 Palestinian Cairo Declaration.
The Thawabit has also been cited by some American and British groups protesting the genocide of palestinians.
# Om Prakash Sharma (Nagaland politician)

Om Prakash Sharma is a former Governor of Nagaland.
Prior to being Governor of Nagaland, he served with the Indian Police Service and was Director general of police in Punjab, India.
# New Georgia Sound

New Georgia Sound is the sound in the New Georgia Islands region that runs approximately southeast–northwest through the middle of the Solomon Islands archipelago in the Southern Pacific Ocean and Melanesia.

## Geography

The sound is bounded by Choiseul Island, Santa Isabel Island, and Florida Island to the north, and by Vella Lavella, Kolombangara, New Georgia, and the Russell Islands to the south. Bougainville Island of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville (Papua New Guinea) and Guadalcanal island, define northwestern and southeastern ends of the sound, respectively.
It is one of three major routes for merchant shipping through the Solomon Islands archipelago. The two others are: the Bougainville Strait and Indispensable Strait route which links the Pacific Ocean, Solomon Sea and Coral Sea; and the Manning Strait route, which links the Pacific to New Georgia Sound.
Savo Island, a volcanic cone northwest of Guadalcanal, is a topographically significant island in the eastern region.

## History

New Georgia was so named by John Shortland, who passed through New Georgia Sound in command of four ships of the First Fleet on their return voyage from Port Jackson in August 1788.
Captain Edward Manning sailed Pitt through the sound in 1792, on his way to Bengal in British India after having delivered convicts to Port Jackson in New South Wales, colonial Australia.

### World War II

During the Pacific War of World War II, the New Georgia Sound was known as "The Slot" by Allied combatants due to its geographical shape and the amount of warship traffic that traversed it. The Japanese naval efforts to resupply their garrison on Guadalcanal were referred to as the Tokyo Express. A large number of naval battles were fought in and around the sound during 1942 and 1943, between the Imperial Japanese Navy, and the allied forces of the United States Navy, Royal Australian Navy, and Royal New Zealand Navy.
# Transit Systems NSW

Transit Systems NSW, previously known as Transit Systems Sydney, is a bus operator in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is a subsidiary of Transit Systems.

## History

In November 2012, Transit Systems was awarded a contract by Transport for NSW to operate region 3 bus services in Western Sydney, taking over services operated by Busabout, Hopkinsons, Metro-link and Westbus. Transit Systems also took over route T80 on the Liverpool–Parramatta T-way from Western Sydney Buses. Operations commenced on 13 October 2013.
On 1 July 2018, Transit Systems took over the operation of region 6 from State Transit on an eight-year contract operating services in the Canterbury-Bankstown, Eastern Suburbs, Inner West, North Shore and St George regions.
In December 2022, after a tendering process, Transit Systems successfully retained region 3 and was additionally awarded the services in region 13, which would be consolidated into region 3. The new contract for the combined region began on 6 August 2023, with region 13 services taken over from Transdev NSW. The seven-year contract will expire on 30 November 2030. In addition to region 3, in February 2023, Transit Systems was awarded the contract for region 2, which includes region 15 consolidated into region 2. The new contract for the combined region 2 began on 8 October 2023, with services taken over from Interline Bus Services and Busabout. The region 2 contract will expire on 28 June 2031.

## Depots

Transit Systems operates out of three depots in Region 2 in Bradbury, Macquarie Fields and Smeaton Grange, four depots in Region 3 in Bankstown, Hoxton Park, Smithfield and South Granville, and four in Region 6 in Burwood, Kingsgrove, Leichhardt and Tempe.

## Fleet

As of March 2025, Transit Systems NSW operates a fleet of 1240 buses with 119 of them being electric. Many of these buses were inherited from other operators such as Westbus, Metro-link Bus Lines, Hopkinsons, Interline, Busabout, Transdev and State Transit when Transit Systems took over their operations.