# 1961 Major League Baseball season

The 1961 major league baseball season began on April 10, 1961. The regular season ended on October 1, with the Cincinnati Reds and New York Yankees as the regular season champions of the National League and American League, respectively. The postseason began with Game 1 of the 58th World Series on October 4 and ended with Game 5 on October 9. In the second iteration of this World Series matchup, the Yankees defeated the Reds, four games to one, capturing their 19th championship in franchise history, since their previous in 1958. The season is best known for Yankee teammates Roger Maris' and Mickey Mantle's pursuit of Babe Ruth's prestigious 34-year-old single-season home run record of 60. Maris ultimately broke the record when he hit his 61st home run on the final day of the regular season, while Mantle was forced out of the lineup in late September due to a hip infection and finished with 54 home runs. Going into the season, the defending World Series champions were the Pittsburgh Pirates from the 1960 season.
For the third year, there were two separate All-Star Games played. The first, the 30th Major League Baseball All-Star Game, was held on July 11 at Candlestick Park in San Francisco, California, home of the San Francisco Giants. The National League won, 5–4. The second, the 31st Major League Baseball All-Star Game, was held on July 31 at Fenway Park in Boston, Massachusetts, home of the Boston Red Sox. The game ended in a 1–1 tie, due to a rainout following the end of the ninth inning.
In response to the proposed Continental League, the American League expanded by two teams in the first MLB expansion since 1901, ushering in the expansion era. The original Washington Senators moved to the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area in Minnesota and became the Minnesota Twins, being the sixth team since 1953 to relocate, and the third of American League teams since then. The American League therefore placed a new team in Washington, D.C., also called the Washington Senators. Also, the American League placed a team in Los Angeles called the Los Angeles Angels.

## Schedule

The 1961 schedule was the first time that the American and National Leagues did not follow the same scheduling format. Due to expansion of the American League, the AL schedule consisted of 162 games for all ten teams. Each team was scheduled to play 18 games against the other nine teams. Meanwhile, the National League, still consisting of eight teams, continued the 154-game format in place since the 1904 season (except for 1919). Each team was scheduled to play 22 games against the other seven teams. 1961 would mark the last 154-game season in professional baseball history, as the National League itself would copy the American League 162-game format following their own expansion the following season.
American League Opening Day took place on April 10, featuring the Chicago White Sox and newly enfranchised Washington Senators, while National League Opening Day took place the following day, featuring all eight teams. The final day of the regular season was on October 1, and saw sixteen teams play. The World Series took place between October 4 and October 9.

## Teams

| League | Team | City | Stadium | Capacity | Manager |
| American League | Baltimore Orioles | Baltimore, Maryland | Baltimore Memorial Stadium | 49,375 | Paul Richards |
| American League | Baltimore Orioles | Baltimore, Maryland | Baltimore Memorial Stadium | 49,375 | Lum Harris |
| American League | Boston Red Sox | Boston, Massachusetts | Fenway Park | 33,357 | Pinky Higgins |
| American League | Chicago White Sox | Chicago, Illinois | Comiskey Park | 46,550 | Al López |
| American League | Cleveland Indians | Cleveland, Ohio | Cleveland Stadium | 73,811 | Jimmy Dykes |
| American League | Cleveland Indians | Cleveland, Ohio | Cleveland Stadium | 73,811 | Mel Harder |
| American League | Detroit Tigers | Detroit, Michigan | Tiger Stadium | 52,904 | Bob Scheffing |
| American League | Kansas City Athletics | Kansas City, Missouri | Municipal Stadium | 34,165 | Joe Gordon |
| American League | Kansas City Athletics | Kansas City, Missouri | Municipal Stadium | 34,165 | Hank Bauer |
| American League | Los Angeles Angels | Los Angeles, California | Wrigley Field (Los Angeles) | 20,457 | Bill Rigney |
| American League | Minnesota Twins | Bloomington, Minnesota | Metropolitan Stadium | 30,022 | Cookie Lavagetto |
| American League | Minnesota Twins | Bloomington, Minnesota | Metropolitan Stadium | 30,022 | Sam Mele |
| American League | New York Yankees | New York, New York | Yankee Stadium | 67,337 | Ralph Houk |
| American League | Washington Senators | Washington, D.C. | Griffith Stadium | 27,500 | Mickey Vernon |
| National League | Chicago Cubs | Chicago, Illinois | Wrigley Field (Chicago) | 36,755 | College of Coaches |
| National League | Cincinnati Reds | Cincinnati, Ohio | Crosley Field | 30,322 | Fred Hutchinson |
| National League | Los Angeles Dodgers | Los Angeles, California | Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum | 94,600 | Walter Alston |
| National League | Milwaukee Braves | Milwaukee, Wisconsin | Milwaukee County Stadium | 43,768 | Chuck Dressen |
| National League | Milwaukee Braves | Milwaukee, Wisconsin | Milwaukee County Stadium | 43,768 | Birdie Tebbetts |
| National League | Philadelphia Phillies | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | Connie Mack Stadium | 33,608 | Gene Mauch |
| National League | Pittsburgh Pirates | Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania | Forbes Field | 35,500 | Danny Murtaugh |
| National League | San Francisco Giants | San Francisco, California | Candlestick Park | 42,553 | Alvin Dark |
| National League | St. Louis Cardinals | St. Louis, Missouri | Busch Stadium | 30,500 | Solly Hemus |
| National League | St. Louis Cardinals | St. Louis, Missouri | Busch Stadium | 30,500 | Johnny Keane |

## Standings
### American League

vteAmerican League :
| Team | W | L | Pct. | GB | Home | Road |
| New York Yankees | 109 | 53 | .673 | — | 65‍–‍16 | 44‍–‍37 |
| Detroit Tigers | 101 | 61 | .623 | 8 | 50‍–‍31 | 51‍–‍30 |
| Baltimore Orioles | 95 | 67 | .586 | 14 | 48‍–‍33 | 47‍–‍34 |
| Chicago White Sox | 86 | 76 | .531 | 23 | 53‍–‍28 | 33‍–‍48 |
| Cleveland Indians | 78 | 83 | .484 | 30½ | 40‍–‍41 | 38‍–‍42 |
| Boston Red Sox | 76 | 86 | .469 | 33 | 50‍–‍31 | 26‍–‍55 |
| Minnesota Twins | 70 | 90 | .438 | 38 | 36‍–‍44 | 34‍–‍46 |
| Los Angeles Angels | 70 | 91 | .435 | 38½ | 46‍–‍36 | 24‍–‍55 |
| Kansas City Athletics | 61 | 100 | .379 | 47½ | 33‍–‍47 | 28‍–‍53 |
| Washington Senators | 61 | 100 | .379 | 47½ | 33‍–‍46 | 28‍–‍54 |

### National League

vteNational League :
| Team | W | L | Pct. | GB | Home | Road |
| Cincinnati Reds | 93 | 61 | .604 | — | 47‍–‍30 | 46‍–‍31 |
| Los Angeles Dodgers | 89 | 65 | .578 | 4 | 45‍–‍32 | 44‍–‍33 |
| San Francisco Giants | 85 | 69 | .552 | 8 | 45‍–‍32 | 40‍–‍37 |
| Milwaukee Braves | 83 | 71 | .539 | 10 | 45‍–‍32 | 38‍–‍39 |
| St. Louis Cardinals | 80 | 74 | .519 | 13 | 48‍–‍29 | 32‍–‍45 |
| Pittsburgh Pirates | 75 | 79 | .487 | 18 | 38‍–‍39 | 37‍–‍40 |
| Chicago Cubs | 64 | 90 | .416 | 29 | 40‍–‍37 | 24‍–‍53 |
| Philadelphia Phillies | 47 | 107 | .305 | 46 | 22‍–‍55 | 25‍–‍52 |

## Postseason
### Bracket

| World Series | World Series | World Series | World Series | World Series | World Series | World Series |
| AL | New York Yankees | 2 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 13 |
| NL | Cincinnati Reds | 0 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 5 |

## Managerial changes
### Off-season

| Team | Former Manager | New Manager |
| Chicago Cubs | Lou Boudreau | College of Coaches |
| Detroit Tigers | Joe Gordon | Bob Scheffing |
| Kansas City Athletics | Bob Elliott | Joe Gordon |
| Los Angeles Angels | Team enfranchised | Bill Rigney |
| New York Yankees | Casey Stengel | Ralph Houk |
| San Francisco Giants | Tom Sheehan | Alvin Dark |
| Washington Senators | Team enfranchised | Mickey Vernon |

### In-season

| Team | Former Manager | New Manager |
| Baltimore Orioles | Paul Richards | Lum Harris |
| Cleveland Indians | Jimmy Dykes | Mel Harder |
| Kansas City Athletics | Joe Gordon | Hank Bauer |
| Milwaukee Braves | Chuck Dressen | Birdie Tebbetts |
| Minnesota Twins | Cookie Lavagetto | Sam Mele |
| St. Louis Cardinals | Solly Hemus | Johnny Keane |

## League leaders
### American League

Hitting leaders :
| Stat | Player | Total |
| AVG | Norm Cash (DET) | .361 |
| OPS | Norm Cash (DET) | 1.148 |
| HR | Roger Maris (NY) | 61 |
| RBI | Jim Gentile (BAL) Roger Maris (NYY) | 141 |
| R | Roger Maris (NY) | 132 |
| H | Norm Cash (DET) | 193 |
| SB | Luis Aparicio (CWS) | 53 |
Pitching leaders :
| Stat | Player | Total |
| W | Whitey Ford (NY) | 25 |
| L | Pedro Ramos (MIN) | 20 |
| ERA | Dick Donovan (WSH) | 2.40 |
| K | Camilo Pascual (MIN) | 221 |
| IP | Whitey Ford (NY) | 283.0 |
| SV | Luis Arroyo (NY) | 29 |
| WHIP | Dick Donovan (WSH) | 1.026 |

### National League

Hitting leaders :
| Stat | Player | Total |
| AVG | Roberto Clemente (PIT) | .351 |
| OPS | Frank Robinson (CIN) | 1.015 |
| HR | Orlando Cepeda (SF) | 46 |
| RBI | Orlando Cepeda (SF) | 142 |
| R | Willie Mays (SF) | 129 |
| H | Vada Pinson (CIN) | 208 |
| SB | Maury Wills (LAD) | 35 |
Pitching leaders :
| Stat | Player | Total |
| W | Joey Jay (CIN) Warren Spahn (MIL) | 21 |
| L | Bob Friend (PIT) Art Mahaffey (PHI) | 19 |
| ERA | Warren Spahn (MIL) | 3.02 |
| K | Sandy Koufax (LAD) | 269 |
| IP | Lew Burdette (MIL) | 272.1 |
| SV | Roy Face (PIT) Stu Miller (SF) | 17 |
| WHIP | Warren Spahn (MIL) | 1.142 |

## Records
### Major League

* Home runs, single-season: 61, Roger Maris, New York Yankees
       Maris' 61 home runs broke Babe Ruth's 34-year-old major league single-season record of 60, set in 1927. Maris' record would stand for 37 years until it was broken by Mark McGwire's 70 in 1998. Maris’ American League record would stand for a total of 61 years until it was eclipsed by Aaron Judge’s 62 in 2022.

## Awards and honors
### Regular season

Baseball Writers' Association of America Awards :
| BBWAA Award | National League | American League |
| Rookie of the Year | Billy Williams (CHC) | Don Schwall (BOS) |
| Cy Young Award | — | Whitey Ford (NY) |
| Most Valuable Player | Frank Robinson (CIN) | Roger Maris (NY) |
| Gold Glove Awards |||
| Position | National League | American League |
| Pitcher | Bobby Shantz (PIT) | Frank Lary (DET) |
| Catcher | John Roseboro (LAD) | Earl Battey (MIN) |
| 1st Base | Bill White (STL) | Vic Power (CLE) |
| 2nd Base | Bill Mazeroski (PIT) | Bobby Richardson (NY) |
| 3rd Base | Ken Boyer (STL) | Brooks Robinson (BAL) |
| Shortstop | Maury Wills (LAD) | Luis Aparicio (CWS) |
| Outfield | Vada Pinson (CIN) | Jim Landis (CWS) |
| Outfield | Roberto Clemente (PIT) | Al Kaline (DET) |
| Outfield | Willie Mays (SF) | Jimmy Piersall (CLE) |

### Other awards

* Sport Magazine's World Series Most Valuable Player Award: Whitey Ford (NY)
* Babe Ruth Award (BBWAA World Series MVP): Whitey Ford (NY)
The Sporting News Awards :
| Award | National League | American League |
| Player of the Year | — | Roger Maris (NY) |
| Pitcher of the Year | Warren Spahn (MIL) | Whitey Ford (NY) |
| Fireman of the Year (Relief pitcher) | Stu Miller (SF) | Luis Arroyo (NY) |
| Rookie of the Year (Player) | Billy Williams (CHC) | Dick Howser (KC) |
| Rookie of the Year (Pitcher) | Ken Hunt (CIN) | Don Schwall (BOS) |
| Manager of the Year | — | Ralph Houk (NY) |
| Executive of the Year | — | Dan Topping (NY) |

### Monthly awards
#### Player of the Month

| Month | National League |
| May | Joey Jay (CIN) |
| June | George Altman (CHC) |
| July | Frank Robinson (CIN) |
| August | Warren Spahn (MIL) |
| September | Jim O'Toole (CIN) |

### Baseball Hall of Fame

* Max Carey
* Billy Hamilton

## Home field attendance

| Team name | Wins | %± | Home attendance | %± | Per game |
| Los Angeles Dodgers | 89 | 8.5% | 1,804,250 | −19.9% | 23,432 |
| New York Yankees | 109 | 12.4% | 1,747,725 | 7.4% | 21,577 |
| Detroit Tigers | 101 | 42.3% | 1,600,710 | 37.1% | 19,521 |
| San Francisco Giants | 85 | 7.6% | 1,390,679 | −22.5% | 18,061 |
| Minnesota Twins | 70 | −4.1% | 1,256,723 | 69.0% | 15,515 |
| Pittsburgh Pirates | 75 | −21.1% | 1,199,128 | −29.7% | 15,573 |
| Chicago White Sox | 86 | −1.1% | 1,146,019 | −30.3% | 14,148 |
| Cincinnati Reds | 93 | 38.8% | 1,117,603 | 68.4% | 14,514 |
| Milwaukee Braves | 83 | −5.7% | 1,101,441 | −26.5% | 14,304 |
| Baltimore Orioles | 95 | 6.7% | 951,089 | −19.9% | 11,599 |
| St. Louis Cardinals | 80 | −7.0% | 855,305 | −22.0% | 10,965 |
| Boston Red Sox | 76 | 16.9% | 850,589 | −24.7% | 10,373 |
| Cleveland Indians | 78 | 2.6% | 725,547 | −23.7% | 8,957 |
| Kansas City Athletics | 61 | 5.2% | 683,817 | −11.8% | 8,548 |
| Chicago Cubs | 64 | 6.7% | 673,057 | −16.9% | 8,629 |
| Los Angeles Angels | 70 | | 603,510 | | 7,360 |
| Washington Senators | 61 | | 597,287 | | 7,561 |
| Philadelphia Phillies | 47 | −20.3% | 590,039 | −31.6% | 7,565 |

## Events

* January 29 – Billy Hamilton and Max Carey are voted into the Hall of Fame by the Veterans Committee.
* April 11 – At New York's Yankee Stadium, the Minnesota Twins, in their first game since their move from Washington, shut out the Yankees 6–0. The Twins' Pedro Ramos was the winning pitcher. Ramos had a 2-run single and allowed just 3 singles in beating the Yankee starting pitcher, Whitey Ford.
* April 21 – The Minnesota Twins play their first home game in franchise history, losing to the team that coincidentally replaced them in the nation's capital, the Washington Senators 5–3.
* April 22 – The Boston Red Sox snap a 13-game losing streak in Chicago's Comiskey Park by edging the Chicago White Sox 7–6 on Pumpsie Green's 11th-inning home run.
* April 27 – The Los Angeles Angels draw a disappointing crowd of 11,931 for their first-ever home opener against the Minnesota Twins at Los Angeles' Wrigley Field. Ty Cobb, in his last appearance at a ball park, throws out the first ball. The Twins' Camilo Pascual spoils the opener by winning, 4–2, sending the Angels to their eighth loss in nine games.
* April 30 – San Francisco Giants slugger Willie Mays became the ninth player to hit four home runs in a single game as the Giants beat the Milwaukee Braves 14–4 at Milwaukee's County Stadium.
* May 31 – Boston Red Sox outfielder Carroll Hardy pinch-hits for rookie Carl Yastrzemski. On September 20, 1960, Hardy pinch hit for Ted Williams, making him the only player to go in for both future Hall of Famers. Hardy also hit his first major league home run pinch-hitting for Roger Maris when both were at Cleveland (May 18, 1958).
* June 8 – In the course of a 10–8 loss to the Cincinnati Reds, the Milwaukee Braves become the first team to hit 4 home runs in consecutive at bats.
* June 29 – Willie Mays hits three home runs, helping his San Francisco Giants beat the Philadelphia Phillies 8–7.
* July 3 - Sandy Koufax is tagged out when attempting to steal home base for the Los Angeles Dodgers against the Milwaukee Braves - the only time he attempted to steal a base in his career.
* July 4 – Willie Mays hits his 300th career home run.
* July 11 – Strong winds at Candlestick Park dominate the first All-Star Game of the season. A capacity crowd sees Giants pitcher Stu Miller blown off the mound in the ninth inning when a balk is called, and it enables the American League to forge a 3–3 tie before losing 5–4 in 10 innings.
* July 17 – Commissioner Ford Frick decrees that Babe Ruth's record of 60 home runs in a 154-game schedule in 1927 "cannot be broken unless some batter hits 61 or more within his club's first 154 games." Two days later, Frick, an old friend of Ruth, announces that should Ruth's record be beaten after 154 games, the record will carry an asterisk. When asked about the ruling, Roger Maris replies, "A season is a season." This is also the day that one of baseball's greatest hitters passes away, Ty Cobb, aged 74.
* July 31 – At Fenway Park, the second All-Star Game of the year ends in a 1–1 tie as heavy rain halted play. It is the first of two ties in All-Star history. The other would occur in 2002.
* August 11 – Warren Spahn of the Milwaukee Braves records his 300th career win.
* August 20 – The Philadelphia Phillies snap a modern-day record 23-game losing streak, defeating the Milwaukee Braves 7–4 in the second game of a doubleheader at Milwaukee County Stadium. Phillie pitcher John Buzhardt goes the distance for the victory; he had also been the winning pitcher in the Phillies' last victory prior to the start of the losing streak, on July 28 against the San Francisco Giants.
* August 22 – Roger Maris becomes the first player to hit his 50th home run of the season in the month of August as the Yankees lose to the Los Angeles Angels, 4–3. Angels pitcher Ken McBride tees up the gopher ball in the sixth inning with one on.
* August 23 – At Cincinnati's Crosley Field, the Giants hit five home runs in a 12-run ninth inning, beating the Cincinnati Reds 14–0.
* September 1 – The Baltimore Orioles' Paul Richards resigned as manager to become the new general manager of the new Houston National League club. The club would be known as the Houston Colt .45s. Lum Harris takes over as manager of the Orioles.
* September 2 – Milwaukee Braves manager Chuck Dressen (71–58) is fired and executive vice president Birdie Tebbetts becomes the new Braves manager.
* September 20 – Helped by home runs by Yogi Berra and Roger Maris, the New York Yankees defeat the Baltimore Orioles 4–2, clinching their second straight American League pennant and 11th in 13 years. The Yankees would finish with a 109–53 record, tying the 1969 Orioles for the best won-loss record of the decade.
* September 26
** The Cincinnati Reds clinch their first National League pennant since 1940. Homers by Frank Robinson and pinch hitter Jerry Lynch (a tie breaker in the eighth inning) give the Reds an 8–3 win over the Chicago Cubs at Wrigley Field.
** Roger Maris hits his major league record-tying 60th home run of the season, a third-inning solo shot against Jack Fisher of the Baltimore Orioles.
* October 1 – Before a small crowd at Yankee Stadium, Roger Maris smacks a 2–0 pitch from Boston's Tracy Stallard into the right field stands for his 61st home run of the season, setting a new major league record for home runs in a season. The record will stand until Mark McGwire of the St. Louis Cardinals breaks it in 1998.
* October 9 – In Game 5 of the World Series, Johnny Blanchard and Héctor López spark a five-run first inning and 13–5 win for the New York Yankees over the Cincinnati Reds. Blanchard and López hit home runs, and López drives in five runs. Bud Daley's long relief effort wraps up the Series, as Ralph Houk becomes the third rookie manager to guide a World Series winner. Whitey Ford is named the Series MVP.

## Television coverage

CBS and NBC continued to air weekend Game of the Week broadcasts, while ABC televised several games in prime time. One of ABC's prime time games occurred as Roger Maris was poised to tie and subsequently break Babe Ruth's regular season home run record of 60. As with all MLB games in those days, the action was totally blacked out of major league markets. As a matter of fact, as documented in the HBO film 61*, the Maris family was welcomed into ABC's Kansas City, Missouri affiliate KMBC-TV so they could watch the in-house feed of the game, which was blacked out of Kansas City.
The All-Star Game and World Series aired on NBC.