OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sebastian Siemiatkowski

Sebastian Siemiatkowski (also spelled Sebastian Siemiątkowski; born 3 October 1981) is a Swedish entrepreneur and former billionaire who is the co-founder and chief executive officer of fintech company Klarna.

## Early life

Siemiatkowski's parents moved to Uppsala from Poland in the 1980s. He was born on 3 October 1981 in Sweden but his older sister was born in Poland.
Siemiatkowski considers himself as a second generation immigrant. His early influences were Richard Branson and Ingvar Kamprad, founder of IKEA. Siemiatkowski credits the Swedish digital policy of subsidizing the ownership of computers for his success because it allowed his family to acquire their first computer.

## Education and career

Siemiatkowski attended high school at Katedralskolan, Uppsala. He holds a master's degree from the Stockholm School of Economics.
He started building Klarna at age 23 and co-founded the company with Niklas Adalberth and Victor Jacobsson in 2005. Siemiatkowski had met one of his co-founders when working at Burger King.
In 2022, as Klarna laid off 10% of its employees as it experienced financial difficulty, Siemiatkowski publicly posted a list of employees who were recently dismissed by the company publicising their email addresses in the process. This was criticised as tone deaf by commentators. The Swedish Financial Sector Union expressed regret to have learnt about the job cuts from the media rather than being consulted beforehand and sued the company over the layoffs.
Siemiatkowski owns about 7% of Klarna, which made him a billionaire, although after Klarna experienced difficulties its lower valuation meant that, as of 2023, he was no longer a billionaire.

## Future of work

In December 2024, he stated that the company stopped hiring people last year because "AI can do all of the jobs that we humans do. It’s just a question of how we apply it and use it”.

## Personal life

Siemiatkowski married Nina, a marketing executive he first met while attending the Stockholm School of Economics, in 2014. She is the founder of a digital platform to connect donors with local nonprofits and played a key role in identifying a marketing agency that created Klarna's branding. They have three children and live in Stockholm.
# Omer Sarfraz Cheema

Omar Sarfraz Cheema (born 24 July 1969) is a Pakistani politician who has been a founding member of the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI). He served as the Governor of Punjab for a little over a month, from 3 April 2022 till 10 May 2022 amidst the 2022 Constitutional crisis in Punjab, Pakistan. On advice of Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif he was removed as Governor and ceased to hold office on 10 May 2024. Cheema was replaced by Muhammad Baligh Ur Rehman on 30 May 2022, despite resistance from the President of Pakistan, Arif Alvi. Alvi conceded and approved the replacement of Cheema. He has been held in prison since 2023 in alleged relation to the May 9 riots and has been incarcerated while being denied proper facilities while imprisoned.

## Background

Cheema was born on July 24, 1969, in Wazirabad, Punjab and belongs to a Jat Family. He has studied at Saint Anthony's School Lahore. He did his graduation from Government College University Lahore.

## Political career

He entered politics in 1996 and was a key founding member of PTI. According to PTI, he held party positions in various Tehsils.
On 3 April 2022, amidst a constitutional crisis in Punjab, Cheema was appointed as the Governor of Punjab by Imran Khan after the removal of Chaudhry Mohammad Sarwar.
Following the No-confidence motion against Imran Khan, Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif sent a summary for the removal of Cheema as Governor of Punjab to President Arif Alvi. The president approved the summary, though the President also stated that he resisted the removal, and Cheema was removed from office on 10 May 2022.
Cheema was inducted into the cabinet of Chaudhry Parvez Elahi as the Punjab Chief Minister's advisor on information on 6 August 2022 and as advisor on Home and Prisons from 13 October 2022. He ceased to hold both offices on 14 January 2023.
On 10 May 2023, Cheema was arrested after a 4:00 AM raid on his house by authorities a day after PTI chairman Imran Khan was arrested.

### Incarceration

Following his arrest, Cheema was caught in various legal troubles due to his relation with the May 9 riots. He was held in jail on judicial remand which was later extended by the Anti-Terrorism Court (ATC). On 22 June 2023 Cheema's wife, Rabia Sultan was arrested while waiting outside the ATC in Lahore. Authorities alleged Cheema and Rabia had a relation to the May 9 riots. Cheema is currently incarcerated, and his wife has alleged that he is not being provided with basic needs or facilities while imprisoned by the authorities.
On 22 November, Cheema was re-arrested in a case related to the May 9 riots, which PTI alleges is a false flag operation.
# Swedish Higher Education Act

The Swedish Higher Education Act is the Swedish law governing higher education in Sweden. Around 80% of the funding for higher education in Sweden is provided by the government. The Swedish higher education system is a part of the Bologna Process.

## Features
### Chapter 1

The first Chapter of the Act renders Swedish universities and colleges accountable to the Swedish government. The first Chapter also allows the government to establish universities and colleges with the goal of providing education, research, artistic research and third stream activities, as well as defining the levels of academic qualification. The Act ensures that education and research are linked. The Act also ensures academic and research freedom.
The first Chapter also states that students are entitled to have influence over academics and that universities and colleges must ensure that students can play an active role in the development of education.
The first Chapter also states that universities and colleges must promote sustainable development, must promote social justice and should work to widen access to higher education.

### Chapter 2

The second Chapter places the university governance into the hands of a Board of Governors appointed by the government, with a Vice-Chancellor as head manager of the institution. The Act ensures that students and teachers will have representation on the Board of Governors. However, outside of the Vice-Chancellor and the Board of Governors, the Act allows universities and colleges to self-organise.
The second Chapter also states that students are entitled to representation on decisions that affect them.

### Chapter 3

The third Chapter defines the role of professors and teaching staff in higher education. The Act allows professors the right to secondary employment, as long as that employment doesn't undermine public confidence in their university or college.

### Chapter 4

The fourth Chapter defines the rights of students in higher education. Section 4 of Chapter 4 ensures that higher education will be free for EU citizens. The Act also allows the government to issue regulation regarding the suspension or expulsion of students.
The fourth Chapter also defines the role of student governments. The Act allows universities and colleges to grant the status of student union to organisations fulfilling certain criteria, such as having a main purpose of monitoring and trying to improve academics and conditions at higher education institutions. The Act also ensures that student governments must be democratic and able to represent all students within their area of activity. The Act also states that student governments must be governed by a constitution and an elected student council.
The fourth Chapter also recognises the nations of Uppsala University and Lund University.

### Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of the Act deals with certain special provisions, such as the establishment of a special board of appeals to hear appeals regarding certain decisions relating to higher education and allowing the government to issue regulations regarding higher education.
# Hideki Ogihara

Hideki Ogihara (荻原 秀樹, Ogihara Hideki) is a Japanese voice actor from Tokyo, Japan. He is affiliated with T's Factory. On February 2, 2014, he married fellow voice actor and Mahoromatic co-star Fujiko Takimoto.

## Filmography
### Anime

List of voice performances in anime :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1997 | Berserk | Soldier, messenger, mercenary | |
| 1998 | Ginga Hyōryū Vifam | Solder, Operator | |
| 1998 | Charge! Pappala Corps ja:突撃！パッパラ隊 | Gill ギル | |
| 2000 | Gatekeepers | Boy | |
| 2000 | Gravitation | Maa-kun | |
| 2001 | Gyōten Ningen Batseelor | Mata Tabi Maru マタタビ丸 | |
| 2001–02 | Mahoromatic series | Toshiya Hamaguchi | Also Something More Beautiful, and OVA in 2009 |
| 2001 | Captain Tsubasa | Makoto Soda | 2001 edition |
| 2002 | Weiß Kreuz Glühen | Kyo Aguri | |
| 2003 | Shadow Star | Kura | |
| 2004 | This Ugly Yet Beautiful World | Daijirou Matsumura | |
| 2004 | Gakuen Alice | Make a girlfriend 幽体離脱君 | |
| 2005 | Izumo: Takeki Tsurugi no Senki | Yagi Takeru | |
| 2005 | Play Ball | Konno | |
| 2005 | Shuffle! | Itsuki Midoriba | Also Memories in 2007 |
| 2005–09 | Major | Yoshitaka Yamane | Series 2-5 |
| 2006 | Lemon Angel Project | Ryouta Kogure | |
| 2006 | Soul Link | Ryota Aizawa | |
| 2006 | Lovely Idol | Tomohiro Fujisawa | |
| 2007 | The Story of Saiunkoku | Yangming 楊修 | season 2 |
| 2008 | Kimi ga Aruji de Shitsuji ga Ore de | Unbeliever 未有信者 | |
| 2010 | Togainu no Chi | Tremor 猛 | |
| 2011 | I Don't Like You at All, Big Brother!! | Shūji Takanashi | |
| 2011 | We Without Wings | Kazuma Morisato | |
| 2012 | Waiting in the Summer | Tetsurō Ishigaki | also OVA in 2014 |
| 2014 | Dai-Shogun - Great Revolution | Hyakusuke | |
| | Crayon Shin-chan | Clerk | |

### Film

List of voice performances in film :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes | Source |
| 1997 | Noiseman Sound Insect | Tobio | | |

### Video games

List of voice performances in video games :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1998 | Fighting Layer | Jigjid Bartol | Arcade |
| 1999 | Magical Drop F | Chariot, Tower | PS1 / PS2 |
| 2003 | Phantom of Inferno | Narrator | PS2 |
| 2003 | Mahoromatic games | Toshiya Hamaguchi 浜口俊也 | |
| 2004–2009 | Shuffle! games | Itsuki Midoriba | PC Adult, also Tick! Tack! |
| 2004 | Izumo 2 games | Yagi Takeru | PC Adult |
| 2004–10 | Soul Link | Ryota Aizawa | Also Extension and Ultimate |

### Drama CD

List of voice performances in Drama CD :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes | Source |
| 2002 | Wild Arms Advanced 3rd | Ruckman リュックマン | | |
| 2004–05 | Shuffle! | Itsuki Midoriba | Character and drama CDs | |

### Dubbing

* Beautiful Love, Wonderful Life, Do Jin-woo (Oh Min-suk)
# Johannes Dale-Skjevdal

Johannes Dale-Skjevdal (born 23 May 1997) is a Norwegian biathlete. He competed at the Biathlon World Championships 2020.

## Biathlon results

All results are sourced from the International Biathlon Union.

### World Championships

3 medals (2 silver, 1 bronze)
| Event | Individual | Sprint | Pursuit | Mass start | Relay | Mixed relay | Single mixed relay |
| 2020 Antholz | 9th | 23rd | 17th | 8th | Silver | – | – |
| 2021 Pokljuka | Bronze | 4th | 11th | Silver | – | – | – |
| 2024 Nové Město | 30th | 7th | 4th | – | – | – | – |

### World Cup
#### Individual podiums

* 3 victory - (1 Sp, 1 Pu, 1 Ms)
* 14 podiums - (2 Sp, 5 Pu, 1 In, 6 Ms)
| No. | Season | Date | Location | Level | Race | Place |
| 1 | 2020–21 | 11 December 2020 | Hochfilzen | World Cup | Sprint | 1st |
| 2 | 2020–21 | 12 December 2020 | Hochfilzen | World Cup | Pursuit | 3rd |
| 3 | 2020–21 | 17 December 2020 | Hochfilzen | World Cup | Sprint | 2nd |
| 4 | 2020–21 | 9 January 2021 | Oberhof | World Cup | Pursuit | 2nd |
| 5 | 2020–21 | 17 February 2021 | Pokljuka | World Championships | Individual | 3rd |
| 6 | 2020–21 | 21 February 2021 | Pokljuka | World Championships | Mass start | 2nd |
| 7 | 2022–23 | 18 December 2022 | Le Grand-Bornand | World Cup | Mass start | 1st |
| 8 | 2022–23 | 12 March 2023 | Östersund | World Cup | Mass start | 2nd |
| 9 | 2023–24 | 9 December 2023 | Hochfilzen | World Cup | Pursuit | 2nd |
| 10 | 2023–24 | 17 December 2023 | Lenzerheide | World Cup | Mass start | 2nd |
| 11 | 2023–24 | 6 January 2024 | Oberhof | World Cup | Pursuit | 3rd |
| 12 | 2023–24 | 14 January 2024 | Ruhpolding | World Cup | Pursuit | 1st |
| 13 | 2023–24 | 21 January 2024 | Antholz-Anterselva | World Cup | Mass start | 2nd |
| 14 | 2023–24 | 17 March 2024 | Canmore | World Cup | Mass start | 2nd |
# Party Secretary of Jiangsu

The secretary of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party is the leader of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). As the CCP is the sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC), the secretary is the highest ranking post in Jiangsu.
The secretary is officially appointed by the CCP Central Committee based on the recommendation of the CCP Organization Department, which is then approved by the Politburo and its Standing Committee. The secretary can be also appointed by a plenary meeting of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee, but the candidate must be the same as the one approved by the central government. The secretary leads the Standing Committee of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee, and is usually a member of the CCP Central Committee. The secretary leads the work of the Provincial Committee and its Standing Committee. The secretary is outranks the governor, who is generally the deputy secretary of the committee.
The current secretary is Xin Changxing, who took office on 3 January 2023.

## List of party secretaries

| No. | Image | Name | Term start | Term end |
| 1 | | Ke Qingshi (1902–1965) | November 1952 | August 1954 |
| 2 | | Jiang Weiqing (1910–2000) | August 1954 | 1967 |
| Cultural Revolution Interregnum | Cultural Revolution Interregnum | Cultural Revolution Interregnum | 1967 | 1970 |
| 3 | | Xu Shiyou (1906–1985) | December 1970 | January 1974 |
| 4 | | Peng Chong (1915–2010) | January 1974 | February 1977 |
| 5 | | Xu Jiatun (1916–2016) | February 1977 | April 1983 |
| 6 | | Han Peixin (1921–2017) | April 1983 | December 1989 |
| 7 | | Shen Daren (1928–2017) | December 1989 | September 1993 |
| 8 | | Chen Huanyou (born 1934) | September 1993 | December 1999 |
| 9 | | Hui Liangyu (born 1944) | December 1999 | December 2002 |
| 10 | | Li Yuanchao (born 1950) | December 2002 | October 2007 |
| 11 | | Liang Baohua (born 1945) | October 2007 | 6 December 2010 |
| 12 | | Luo Zhijun (born 1951) | 6 December 2010 | 30 June 2016 |
| 13 | | Li Qiang (born 1959) | 30 June 2016 | 29 October 2017 |
| 14 | | Lou Qinjian (born 1956) | 29 October 2017 | 19 October 2021 |
| 15 | | Wu Zhenglong (born 1964) | 19 October 2021 | 28 December 2022 |
| 16 | | Xin Changxing (born 1963) | 3 January 2023 | Incumbent |
# Parinay Phuke

Parinay Ramesh Phuke is an Indian politician of the BJP. On 23 November 2016 he was elected to the Maharashtra Legislative Council from Local Areas Constituency of Nagpur and Currently Became State Minister of Maharashtra State was previously an independent corporator in the Nagpur Municipal Corporation from Ambazari ward and is the city-vice president of the BJP.
# Acamptopappus

Acamptopappus is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae described as a genus in 1873.
Acamptopappus is native to the deserts in southwestern North America. The name is derived from a- (not), campto- (bent), and pappus (down). They are also commonly known as goldenheads.
Acamptopappus plants are eaten by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Coleophora acamtopappi which feeds on A. sphaerocephalus.

## Species

* A. shockleyi A.Gray -- Shockley's Goldenhead - California, Nevada
* A. sphaerocephalus (Harv. & A.Gray) A.Gray -- Rayless Goldenhead - California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona
# GMX Mail

GMX Mail is a free, advertising-supported email service provided by Global Mail eXchange or Global Message eXchange in Germany. Users may access received GMX mail via webmail, or using POP3 or IMAP4 protocols. Mail is sent using SMTP. Founded in 1997, GMX is a subsidiary of Ionos SE, a stock-listed company in Germany, and a sister company to Ionos and Fasthosts Internet. In addition to an email address, each GMX account includes a Mail Collector, Address Book, Organizer, and File Storage. Every user can register up to 10 individual GMX email addresses. Popup ads are displayed to all users, including premium, at GMX login; as of 2021 GMX was the only large email provider using popup ads.

## Security

GMX Mail provides GMX.net and GMX.com users two-factor authentication (2FA) as a security measure.
# Sue Lawrence

Sue Lawrence is a Scottish cookery and food writer, noted for her promotion of traditional Scottish recipes and regional produce, and also a writer of historical novels set in Scotland, exploring women's lives.

## Biography

Lawrence first became well known after winning the BBC cookery programme MasterChef in 1991.
She wrote a regular column for Scotland on Sunday for several years and was Cookery Editor for the Sunday Times for six years, and has also contributed to Sainsbury's magazine, Woman & Home, Country Living and BBC Good Food magazine. She also regularly appears on British and Australian television and until 2011 was one of the food experts on STV's early evening lifestyle show The Hour. In radio, she is a regular on BBC Radio 4's Kitchen Cabinet, chaired by Jay Rayner.
Raised in Dundee, Lawrence now lives in Edinburgh with her husband, Pat. She has three adult children and enjoys spending time with her grandchildren.

## Cookbooks

* On Baking (1996)
* Scots Cooking (2000)
* Sue Lawrence's Scottish Kitchen (2003)
* Sue Lawrence's Book of Baking (2004)
* A Cook's Tour of Scotland (2006)
* Eating In (2011)

## Historical Novels

Lawrence has also written a number of historical novels featuring dark aspects of Scotland's past. Her debut novel, Fields of Blue Flax, was published in 2015 by Freight Books. She published a historical thriller titled The Night He Left in 2015. Another novel The Last Train was published in 2016 by Freight Books in the UK, and Allen and Unwin elsewhere. This novel features the 17 day aftermath of the Tay Bridge Disaster in 1879, but includes a modern story. Down to the Sea, her first historical mystery of several to examine the injustices faced by women in Scottish history, was published by Contraband in 2019 and concerns the fragile and often dangerous circumstances of women working in the fishing industry in the harbours of Victorian Scotland. 'The Wee Review' described this book as a "fast-paced and enjoyable read" that "cements Lawrence as a skilled creator of historical mysteries". The Unreliable Death of Lady Grange, published in 2020, is a fictionalised account of the life of Rachel Chiesley, Lady Grange, who was summarily abducted at the hands of agents of her husband and exiled on the Monach Isles and then to St Kilda, where she ultimately died. The novel is viewed from Lady Grange's point of view, while until recently her husband's account has been better known and documented. 'The Edinburgh Reporter' described it as a "superlative page-turner", crediting it for offering a "clear-sighted look at the treatment of women". A forthcoming novel, The Green Lady, examines the fate of the wives of Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline, when Lilias Drummond,daughter of Patrick Drummond, 3rd Lord Drummond, and successive wives failed to produce a male heir.

## Awards

* Glenfiddich Food and Drink Awards - Best Regional Writer 2003
# Emphyteusis

Emphyteusis (Greek, 'implanting') or emphyteutic lease is a contract for land that allows the holder the right to the enjoyment of a property, often in perpetuity, on condition of proper care, payment of tax and rent. This type of real estate contract specifying that the lessee must improve the property for the nation or for its population e.g. through construction or a railway service or by farming the land to create produce, as happened in Mauritius where people were starving. The term is commonly used in Quebec and France and its ex colonies. These sorts of leases are usually associated with government lands or government properties.
Rwanda adopted an emphyteutic leasing system in 2013, offering 99-year leases for agricultural land to its citizens, and 20-year leases for residential land.

## History

Emphyteusis originated in Ancient Greece. In the early Roman Empire, it was initially granted by the state for the purposes of agriculture or development. In essence, it was a long-term lease of an imperial domain for a rental in kind. The title existing before emphyteusis was ius in agro vectigali. The emphyteusis gave the lease-holder (emphyteuta) rights similar to those of a proprietor, although the real owner remained the person to whom the rent (canon or pensio) was paid. The tenant gained most of the rights of the owner. Accordingly, he could maintain actio vectigalis in rem against any one to recover possession of the land thus leased. Under certain circumstances, the land returned to the owner, as in the case of the death of the emphyteuta intestate, non-payment of the rent or taxes for three years (or two years in case of land held of the Church), lapse of time if a term was fixed in the original agreement, contractus emphyteuseos, which was a specific contract and neither an ordinary lease nor a sale. The rights of the emphyteuta embraced the full use of the land and its products and were alienable and transferable by testament or ab intestato.
Emphyteusis is still in use in countries such as Sri Lanka, Germany, Belgium, Canada, Portugal, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Malta and Catalonia and, until relatively recently, in Scotland.