OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Trofim Melnichenko

Trofim Denisovich Melnichenko (Belarusian: Трафім Дзянісавіч Мельнічэнка; Russian: Трофим Денисович Мельниченко; born 18 September 2006) is a Belarusian football player who plays as a centre-forward for Porto B and the Belarus national team.

## International career

Melnichenko made his debut for the Belarus national team on 5 September 2024 in a Nations League game against Bulgaria at the ZTE Arena in Hungary. He substituted Yevgeny Shikavka in the 83rd minute of a scoreless draw.
On January 15, 2025, Melnichenko joined Porto B team, signing a three-year contract with the club.
# Shaun Scott (actor)

Shaun Scott (born 1954) is a British television actor. He was educated at Reed's School, Cobham, Surrey.
He appeared in the popular long-running series of The Bill where he played DI Chris Deakin (he previously played a villain in series 6 episode 92, series 7 episode 34, series 8 episode 83, as well as series 9 episode 13). He also appeared as deputy lock keeper Tom Pike in the 1989 BBC TV comedy The River with David Essex. He also played Harchester United manager Patrick Doyle in Sky One's football drama Dream Team and appeared as a villainous regular in the Scottish Gaelic soap opera Machair.
Scott also played Jack Fairchild in the comedy series Brass. He also appeared as a fresh-faced lad of 19 taken in by the Bourne family as handy man after being bound over for stealing a bicycle in the ATV daytime drama "The Cedar Tree" (1976–77). His theatre credits include, Crazy for You, Prince Edward Theatre; Heartbreak House, Haymarket Theatre, dir. Trevor Nunn; The Shaughraun, Royal National Theatre and Translations, National Theatre.
In 2022, he played Bertrand Crawley in the Disney+ series Moon Knight.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1979 | Hanover Street | Male Patient No. 1 | |
| 1992 | Wild West | Tony | |
| 2009 | Jimmy Wilde | The Mayor | |
| 2021 | Sardar Udham | Michael O'Dwyer | Bollywood Movie |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1988 | The River | Tom Pike | |
| 1991 | Casualty | Rob Carrington | Series 6 - Episode 7 "Beggars Can't Be Choosers" |
| 1992 | Agatha Christie's Poirot | Norman Gale | Series 4 - Death in the Clouds |
| 1994 - 2000 | The Bill | DI Chris Deakin |
# Josephine Burnand

Josephine "Jo" Burnand (born 4 April 1962) is an Australian rowing coxswain. She represented Australia at the 2016 Rio Paralympics.

## Personal

Burnand was born on 4 April 1962. She is married to former Australian rower Craig Muller, a bronze medallist at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. They have three children. She is a qualified medical doctor and has two bachelor's degrees in social work and medicine as well as a Masters in public health.

## Rowing career

Burnand as a coxswain has been involved in rowing since 1981. She started rowing whilst studying at the University of Sydney. In 1986, she was a member on the Australian U23 team and in 1987 held an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship. She was a member of the Australian Legs, Trunk and Arms Mixed Coxed Four ( LTAMix4+) team that competed at the 2015 World Rowing Championships. She combined with Brock Ingram, Jeremy McGrath, Davinia Lefroy and Kathleen Murdochin the LTAMix4+ to win the Final Paralympic Qualification Regatta in April 2016. At the 2016 Rio Paralympics, Burnard was a member of the LTA Mixed Coxed Four that finished first in the LTAMix4+ B Final.
# Anusuiya Uikey

Anusuiya Uikey (born 10 April 1957) is a politician formerly served as the governor of Manipur (In 2023-2024) and governor of Chhattisgarh (between 2019-2023). She was elected to the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly from Damua in the 1985 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election as a member of the Indian National Congress. She became Minister for Women and Child Development in Arjun Singh cabinet. By 1998, she had crossed over to the BJP and was its losing candidate in the 1998 Vidhan Sabha election from Damua. She became a member of Rajya Sabha from Madhya Pradesh in 2006.
She was Governor of Chhattisgarh from 16 July 2019 to 12 February 2023 and was appointed Governor of Manipur on 12 February 2023.
# Southern pygmy leatherjacket

The Southern pygmy leatherjacket (Brachaluteres jacksonianus) is a filefish endemic to Australia, found in temperate coastal waters and reefs from southern Queensland around to south-west Western Australia, including Tasmania.

## Taxonomy

The species was described in 1824 by the French zoologist Jean René Constant Quoy and naturalist Joseph Paul Gaimard. The genus name "Brachaluteres" is derived from the Greek brachys (meaning "short") and the Latin luteus (meaning "yellow"). The species name "jacksonianus" refers to Port Jackson, the Sydney harbour where Quoy and Gaimard obtained samples of the fish for description.

## Description

The fish is a small leatherjacket with a round, almost circular body, growing to a maximum of 9 centimetres (3.5 in). They are able to inflate their abdomen.
Colouration is highly variable, ranging from pale yellow-brown to dark green, and with numerous dark and light stripes, spots or ocelli. Colouration of a single fish can change during the courtship process.
# Amine Benchaib

Amine Benchaib (born 18 June 1998) is a Belgian footballer who plays as a midfielder for A Lyga club Kauno Žalgiris.

## Club career

Amine Benchaib started his career with Lokeren. He made his debut with Lokeren in a 3-0 Belgian First Division A win over K.A.S. Eupen on 14 April 2018.
On 31 January 2022, Benchaib signed a 3.5-year contract with Kortrijk.

## Personal life

Born in Belgium, Benchaib is of Moroccan descent.

## Honours

Farul Constanța
* Supercupa României runner-up: 2023
# Sufian Allaw

Sufian Allaw (Arabic: سفيان العلاو; born 1944) is a Syrian former politician who served as the oil minister of Syria from 2006 to 2018.

## Early life and education

Allaw was born in Abu Kamal in Deir ez-Zor Governorate in 1944. He earned a degree in electrical and mechanical engineering from University of Aleppo in 1966.

## Career

Allaw worked as an engineer at the Syrian telecommunications establishment from 1966 to 1967. Then he was named as the investment director of the facility at the general establishment of the Euphrates dam from 1967 to 1980. He served as an engineer at the ministry of irrigation from 1980 to 1983 and at the prime ministry for energy affairs from 1983 to 1984. He became deputy electricity minister in 1984 and was in office until 2004. He served as an expert at the state planning commission from 2004 to 2005 and at the energy department at the United Nations' economic and social commission for Western Asia in 2004.
He later was appointed oil minister to the cabinet headed by Mohammad Naji Otari on 11 February 2006. In the April 2011 after the cabinet was reshuffled he retained his post and also served in the cabinet of Adel Safar. His term as oil minister ended on 9 February 2013, being replaced by Suleiman Al Abbas.

## Personal life

Allaw is married to Basmaa Allaw with five children.
# Phasmatini

Phasmatini is a tribe of stick insects in the family Phasmatidae. There are more than 40 described species, found in Australasia, and Asia.

## Genera

These genera belong to the tribe Phasmatini:
* Acrophylla Gray, 1835
* Anchiale Stål, 1875
* Cigarrophasma Brock & Hasenpusch, 2001 (monotypic Cigarrophasma tessellatum)
* Ctenomorpha Gray, 1833
* Dryococelus Gurney, 1947 (monotypic)
* Eurycnema Serville, 1838
* Onchestus Stål, 1877
* Paractenomorpha Hennemann & Conle, 2004 (monotypic Paractenomorpha baehri)
* Paracyphocrania Redtenbacher, 1908
* Paronchestus Redtenbacher, 1908
* Peloriana Uvarov, 1940 (monotypic Peloriana lobiceps)
* Phasma Lichtenstein, 1796
# Penrhyn railway station

Penrhyn railway station on the Ffestiniog Railway is located on a restricted site at Pen-y-Bwlch above the town of Penrhyndeudraeth (Penrhyndeudraeth means Headland between two beaches).
Beyond Penrhyn station, the railway crosses the A4085 Penrhyndeudraeth to Llanfrothen road on the line's only remaining gated and staffed level crossing. Because of the layout of the crossing, three privately owned terraced houses are between the two crossing gates.

## History

The station opened on 6 January 1865 at the commencement of passenger services, and was rebuilt in 1879 using components from the original Porthmadog Harbour Station—externally it has changed little since. Originally called Penrhyndeudraeth, during the 1870s the name was shortened to Penrhyn, in order to avoid confusion with the station on the Cambrian Railways coast line at the lower end of the town.
The station is at a height of 160 ft (50 m) and a distance of 3 miles 8 chains (5.0 km) from Porthmadog.
Penrhyn station closed to passenger traffic on 15 September 1939.

## Restoration

The station was specially reopened on Monday 12 November 1956 when the General Manager of British Railways (Western Region) Mr. K. W. C. Grand visited the Ffestiniog Railway and travelled from Porthmadog Harbour by the first passenger train to Penrhyn since 1939. The public passenger service was resumed on 20 April 1957.
Penrhyn served as a temporary terminus until the line was re-opened to Tan-y-Bwlch in 1958, a run round loop being squeezed into the site for the purpose. The loop at Penrhyn continued in use as a passing loop for timetabled trains until 1974.
Much of the station building is now occupied by the volunteers hostel which was officially opened in 1972. Complete renovation by volunteers was followed on 3 May 1992 by an official re-opening.

## Rhiw Goch

From 1975 Penrhyn was replaced for normal timetable purposes by a new passing loop at Rhiw Goch 4.2 miles (6.8 km) from Porthmadog. Although trains regularly stop for passing purposes, Rhiw Goch is not a passenger station, there is no public access and passengers are not permitted to alight there. However, tourist trains do on occasion terminate and reverse at Rhiw Goch.

## Services

| Preceding station | Heritage railways | Heritage railways | Heritage railways | Following station |
| Minffordd | | Ffestiniog Railway Porthmadog - Blaenau Ffestiniog | | Plas Halt |
# Misail the Monk

Misail the Monk (Romanian: Misail Călugărul (fl. 17th century) was a Moldavian monk, copyist, and chronicler.
Misail updated Grigore Ureche's Letopisețul Țării Moldovei (Chronicles of the Land of Moldavia) in a number of places.
# Benediktbeuern

Benediktbeuern (German pronunciation:; Central Bavarian: Benediktbeiern) is a municipality in the district of Bad Tölz-Wolfratshausen in Bavaria, Germany, 2 kilometers, or 1.25 miles from Bichl. The village has 3,602 residents as of 31 December 2019.
The medieval Latin name of Benediktbeuern was Buria (adjective: Burana).
Benediktbeuern has a famous monastery, formerly belonging to the Benedictine Order, called Benediktbeuern Abbey, which was founded in about 739. Its name is well known because of the Carmina Burana ('Benediktbeuern songs') manuscript found there in 1803 and subsequently set to music by Carl Orff. Since 1930 the Salesians of Don Bosco have lived in this monastery.
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe visited Benediktbeuern during his third journey to Italy in 1786.
The secular village itself - its ribbon-development clearly distinct from the abbey's edifices - was called Laingruben until 30 November 1865, when it was permitted to take the name of the monastery. Benediktbeuern has kept the structure of a traditional village near the Alps. The village can be used as a base for day trips to many places of interest, and it has become a tourist resort. Many residents of the village commute to Penzberg, Wolfratshausen/Geretsried and Munich.
Important road connections are the A95 motorway from Munich to Garmisch-Partenkirchen and federal highway B472 from east to west. From Benediktbeuern station trains run from Kochel to Munich in an hour, and the village has a bus connection to Bad Tölz.
# Birmingham Royal Institution for the Blind

The Birmingham Royal Institution for the Blind (BRIB) is a registered charity in the United Kingdom which has provided education, technology, guidance and support for Birmingham's visually impaired community for over 150 years.

## History

In 1846, founders Elizabeth Bache Harrold and Mary Badger rented a small home in Carpenter Road, Edgbaston which they subsequently opened as a school for the blind, initially with six students. Over the years, the organization grew in size, placing graduates in various roles and positions previously not accessible to the blind. In 1848, the little school was officially named the "Birmingham Institution for the Blind". In 1909, King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra visited the institution, and conferred their royal patronage. At this time, the institution became formally known as "The Birmingham Royal Institution for the Blind".
In 1953, pupils were moved to Lickey Grange. The BRIB kept the house at Lickey Grange much the same, but developed the grounds to accommodate the needs of a residential school. Individual houses were built for teachers, and hostel blocks were built for the pupils. In addition, an assembly hall, indoor swimming pool and classrooms were built.
The school catered for a mixture of residential and day pupils. Until the 1980s, there were more residential pupils than day pupils; however changes in the methods of education, particularly integration, led to a large decline in the numbers of children attending the school. The Lickey Grange school eventually closed in 1990.
Meanwhile, in 1985, the Birmingham Royal Institution for the Blind was incorporated under the laws of Great Britain and assumed all financial and operational activities of the previously unincorporated charity. In 1997, BRIB became ‘parent’ to three independent charities:
* Focus Birmingham provides day-to-day services to the visually impaired and their care givers, including telephone help lines, rehabilitation services, and social services.
* Queen Alexandra College is a specialist, independent residential college for young people with disabilities; specialists in visual impairment and autism.
* New Outlook Housing provides accommodation to the blind and visually impaired.
All three charitable companies continue to receive support from BRIB.
# Robert Golob

Robert Golob (born 23 January 1967) is a Slovenian businessman and politician, serving as Prime Minister of Slovenia and leader of the Freedom Movement since 2022.

## Early life and education

Golob obtained his PhD in electrical engineering at the University of Ljubljana in 1994. After his studies, he was a post-doctoral Fulbright scholar in the United States at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta.

## Business career

In 2004, Golob co-founded an energy trading company GEN-I, which is state-controlled, and where he remained chairman until 2021.

## Political career

Between May 1999 and June 2000, Golob was the State Secretary at the Ministry of Economic Affairs in the government led by prime minister Janez Drnovšek of the LDS party. In 2002, he was elected to the City Council of Nova Gorica, a position he held until 2022. In 2011, Golob joined the Positive Slovenia party, founded by the mayor of Ljubljana Zoran Janković. In 2013–14, with the rising tensions within the party between its founder and chairman Zoran Janković and Prime Minister Alenka Bratušek, Golob played a mediating role between the two factions. With the final break within the party in April 2014, he joined the breakaway Party of Alenka Bratušek (SAB), becoming one of its vice-presidents. After the poor performance of SAB in the subsequent 2014 election, winning only four seats, he moved away from politics on the national level, remaining active only at the local level in the municipality of Nova Gorica; he chaired the neighborhood assembly of Kromberk-Loke between 2010 and 2014, remaining one of its members until 2022.
When his mandate as chairman of GEN-I ended in 2021, and after not receiving another one, Golob decided to take an active role in politics again.

## Prime Minister (2022–present)

In January 2022, Golob took over the small extraparliamentary Green Actions Party and renamed it to Freedom Movement. On 24 April 2022, in the 2022 Slovenian parliamentary election, the Freedom Movement won 41 seats in the 90-seat National Assembly.
The Social Democrats, another centre-left party, announced that they would join a government led by Golob, in addition to The Left, giving him a majority in the legislature. On 25 May 2022, Golob was appointed Prime Minister of Slovenia by the National Assembly.
Golob criticized Israel's military operations in the Gaza Strip during the Gaza war. In May 2024, he announced that his government would recognize a Palestinian state.

## Personal life

Golob was married to Jana Nemec Golob for over thirty years. They have three children. Since autumn 2022 he has been living with a former model, Tina Gaber, in Ljubljana.
# Krool Toys

Krool Toys is an American indie game studio founded by Tia Chinai and Stefan Cohen. Some of their clients include McDonald's, Warner Music Group, and SubwayCreatures.

## History

Krool Toys was founded in 2020 by Stefan Cohen and Tia Chinai. Originally concentrating on music marketing campaigns by creating custom video games, toys and other collectables for musicians, they have expanded to working with multinational fast food retailers, fashion brands, as well as releasing their own collection of branded merchandise.

## Grimace's Birthday

Following collaborations with Cactus Plant Flea Market, Travis Scott, BTS, and others, on June 12, 2023, McDonald's announced its latest campaign, the Grimace Shake, in celebration of Grimace's Birthday. McDonald's worked with Krool Toys to develop Grimace's Birthday, a platformer inspired by early 2000s-style Game Boy Color games.
Tariq Hassan, chief marketing and customer experience officer at McDonald's, stated that "Grimace is the perfect lovable icon to have McDonald's meet our fans at the intersection of nostalgia and culture."
In Grimace's Birthday, the player controls Grimace as they skate through playplace tunnels, grind on handrails, balance on telephone wires, and float over the New York City skyline to find his pals Hamburglar, Birdie the Early Bird, and the McNugget Buddies.
Its popularity led to people figuring out a way to put the game on physical hardware, making their own label and box art, sharing it with their friends and online communities, starting new Discord communities just surrounding the game, and porting the game to other consoles like the Nintendo DS, Steam Deck and PSP.
# Cut (music)

In African American music, and in deejaying and turntablism, a cut "overtly insists on the repetitive nature of the music, by abruptly skipping it back to another beginning which we have already heard. Moreover, the greater the insistence on the pure beauty and value of repetition, the greater the awareness must also be that repetition takes place not on the level of musical development or progression, but on the purest tonal and timbric level".$^{:69}$
David Brackett describes the cut, repetition on the level of the beat, ostinato, and the harmonic sequence, as what makes improvisation possible.$^{:118}$ In a cut repetition is not considered accumulation. "Progress in the sense of 'avoidance of repetition' would at once sabotage such an effort".$^{:68}$
Brackett finds the cut in all African American folk and popular music "from ring to rap" and lists the blues (AAB), "Rhythm" changes in jazz, the AABA form of bebop, the ostinato vamps at the end of gospel songs allowing improvisation and a rise in energy, short ostinatos of funk which spread that intensity throughout the song, samples in rap, the last of which cuts on two levels, the repetition of the sample itself and its intertexual repetition.
The cuts of African American music are not to be confused with those of traditional Irish music, especially on the instrument of the tin whistle "Cuts and rolls" are used as a form of ornamentation in Irish traditional, and sometimes Scottish tunes.
# Richard Kelly (Florida politician)

Richard Kelly (July 31, 1924 – August 22, 2005) was an American politician from Florida. As a Republican congressman, he was convicted of taking bribes in the 1980 Abscam scandal.

## Early life and career

Kelly was born July 31, 1924, in Atlanta, Georgia, and his mother abandoned him in an orphanage at an early age. He attended a one-room school in Crystal Springs, Florida. He served in the United States Marine Corps from 1942 to 1946, attended Colorado State College of Education and Vanderbilt College of Law, and graduated from the University of Florida College of Law in Florida with a Juris Doctor in 1952.
While in Colorado, he married for the first of five times. He was admitted to the Florida bar the same year and practiced in Zephyrhills. In 1953, he became city attorney of Zephyrhills and worked from 1956 to 1959 as senior assistant to the United States Attorney for the Southern District of Florida. Kelly was appointed circuit judge of the sixth judicial circuit of Florida and served from 1960 to 1974, when he was elected to the United States House of Representatives as a Republican. Kelly twice survived impeachment efforts to remove him as a judge. This included the passage of an impeachment in the State House in 1963, with him being acquitted in his impeachment trial of the charges detailed in the articles of impeachment.
Troubled by accusations of insanity in the 1970s, Kelly allowed himself to be examined by doctors, who declared him sane, allowing him to boast that he was "the only Congressman officially certified as not cuckoo."
He served three terms in the House of Representatives, starting in 1975. He opposed Food Stamps, aid to the failing Chrysler Corporation and financially troubled New York City. He attributed New York City fiscal crisis to the pay for police and firefighters and aid to poor people: "The unions have forced industry out of the city. The uniformed services are the highest-paid in the U.S. of A. And welfare? City politicians keep jacking up the rates to get the ghetto vote. No doubt about it."

## Abscam scandal and later life

In 1980, Kelly was involved in the FBI undercover Abscam scandal and failed to win renomination, losing to Republican Bill McCollum.
Kelly was the only Republican member of the House to vote against the expulsion of fellow Abscam target Michael Myers (D-PA). Myers was expelled by a 376-30 vote on October 2, 1980, the House's first expulsion since 1861.
Kelly was convicted of taking $25,000 in bribes. He claimed he had conducted his own undercover operation and spent part of the money to maintain that cover, but was convicted and served thirteen months of a 6 to 18 month sentence at the federal prison camp at Eglin Air Force Base. During his third term, he also divorced his wife and married his secretary. He was released from a halfway house in 1986.
Kelly died August 22, 2005, in Stevensville, Montana after suffering for years with Pick's disease.
# Bisabolene

Bisabolenes are a group of closely related natural chemical compounds which are classified as sesquiterpenes. Bisabolenes are produced from farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) and are present in the essential oils of bisabol, and of a wide variety of other plants including cubeb, lemon, and oregano. Various derivates also function as pheromones in different insects, such as stink bugs and fruit flies. Bisabolenes are produced by several fungi, though their biological role in that group of organisms remains unclear.
Three isomers are known, α-, β-, and γ-bisabolene, which differ by the positions of the double bonds.

## Uses

Bisabolenes are intermediates in the biosynthesis of many other natural chemical compounds, including hernandulcin, a natural sweetener. β-Bisabolene has a balsamic odor and is approved in Europe as a food additive.
Bisabolene has been identified as a biologically producible precursor to a diesel fuel alternative and/or cold weather additive bisabolane.