# Anwar Chitayat

Anwar Chitayat (born August 21, 1927) is an Iraq-born manufacturer who is the founder, former CEO, and chairman of Anorad Corporation, a company acquired in 1998 by Rockwell Automation. His work was recognized by SEMI in 2000. In 1997, Chitayat was awarded the "Entrepreneur of the Year" award by Ernst and Young and was inducted into the Long Island Hall of Fame in 2009 for his contributions to science and technology.
Chitayat's work focuses on linear motor technology and high-performance positioning systems. $^{[s6]}$ He has received support from several well-established companies, such as Ford Motor Company, who held 10% shares in Anorad to promote their "Factory of the Future" with high-velocity machine (HVM) tools, as well as Chrysler.

## Early life

Anwar was born on August 21, 1927, in Baghdad, Iraq, and was raised with six siblings in a low-income household. At 16, he obtained the highest score on Iraq's final exam, given yearly to all high schoolers. He was awarded a scholarship to study Mechanical Engineering in the United States. He obtained simultaneous B.Sc. degrees in Electrical and Mechanical Engineering from the University of Denver in 1951 and an M.Sc. in Electrical Engineering from the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn in 1952, now New York University Tandon School of Engineering. In 1952, Anwar joined the U.S. Army for two years and was stationed in Alaska, servicing the U.S. DEW Line. Anwar became a U.S. citizen shortly after leaving the US Army.

## Education

* B.Sc. Mechanical Engineering, University of Denver.
* B.Sc. Electrical Engineering, University of Denver.
* M.Sc. Electrical Engineering, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, (now New York University Tandon School of Engineering).

## Anorad Corporation

Anwar founded the Anorad Corporation from his basement in Plainview, New York in 1972. Anorad is an acronym that stands for "Anwar's Own Research And Development".

## Notable patents and discoveries
### High speed with high precision manufacturing

Anwar's work in linear motor technology and its high-performance positioning systems applications attracted global interest from industrial technology manufacturers, including Fortune 500 companies.

### Nanotechnology and laser interferometers

Anwar held more than thirty patents in the field of measurement and manufacturing of very small components and geometries, including those as small as a nanometer. Achieving this small size required the development of new technologies using interferometry for measurement, nanopositioning motors, and stages. The interferometer manufactured and measured semiconductors by using the wavelength of light as a measuring stick. Length and angles were measured with small fractions of laser light waves.$^{[s1]}$$^{[s2]}$$^{[s3]}$$^{[s10]}$
Anwar began working on nanotechnology in the 1960s, when it had no practical value. Later, these technologies were needed for the manufacture of microprocessors and semiconductors and now serve as a basis for computers, phones, and other electronic products.$^{[s6]}$

### Fiber optics

Anwar was awarded 4 patents for the use of fiber optics for imaging, including techniques for image enhancement. One of these systems was used in the Apollo program to monitor the rocket engines. The optical lenses were placed in the environment of the rocket, and the fiber optics transmitted the images remotely to the human monitors and camera.

### Satellite and star trackers

Anwar's first invention was a light-modulating scanner, which enabled Kollsman Instruments to manufacture a star tracking system for use in moonlit conditions, twilight, and daylight. This daylight star tracker was used to navigate airplanes and ships by determining their precise location using the latitude and longitude of the stars. This system is now obsolete due to the introduction of GPS.

## Personal life

Anwar was married three times and has two daughters with his first wife, Deanna: Mara and Aimee. Deanna Chitayat holds a PhD in Experimental Psychology and served as a Dean of Hofstra University.

## Sources

1.Chitayat, Anwar (January 1964). "The Utilization of Krypton & LASER Interferometers for Photographic Mansuration". Photo-Optical Data Reduction. 2: 9. Bibcode:1964SPIE....2....9C.
2.Chitayat, Anwar (September 1964). "The Utilization Of Krypton And Laser Interferometers For Photographic Mansuration". Proceedings of the SPIE. Photo-Optical Data Reduction. 2: 89–99. Bibcode:1964SPIE....2...89C. doi:10.1117/12.970698. S2CID 121697092.
3.Sweet, AR.; Chitayat, A. (June 1, 1967). "RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF A PROTOTYPE LASER POINT MARKING INSTRUMENT". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) 4.Chitayat, Anwar (May 18, 1998). "Linear Motors Come Into Their Own" Design News
5.Chitayat, Anwar (Volume 11, 1987). "Linear Motors Provide Fast and Precise Motion" official proceedings of the international motor conference
6.Chitayat, Anwar (July 3–5, 1994). "Nanometer X-Y positioning states for scanning and stepping" Proceedings of the International Symposium on Manufacturing. 7.Chitayat, Anwar (March 6–12, 2009) "Long Island technology hall of fame" Long Island Business News. 8. Paul Schreiber (September 14, 1967). "Watching Over We The People" Newsday. 9. Brown, Stewart F (November 25, 1996). "The Fast New World Of Flat Motors" Fortune.
10.Chitayat, Anwar (June 1967). "Review of recent applications of laser interferometers in automatic checkout correction and control". IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics. 3 (6): 263. Bibcode:1967IJQE....3..263C. doi:10.1109/JQE.1967.1074509.