# Ikwuano

Ikwuano is a Local Government Area of Abia State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is in Isiala Oboro. The name 'Ikwuano' etymologically indicates that there are four different ancient kingdoms that make up the community called Ikwuano. These include Oboro, Ibere, Ariam/Usaka and Oloko.
The postal code of the area is 440. It is one of the five Local Government Areas that make up the Abia Central Senatorial District. As at 2024, the executive chairman is Dr. Anthony Nzeribe Nwaubani. Obi Aguocha currently serves as the Federal Representative representing Ikwuano/Umuahia North and South Federal Constituency at the House of Representatives. The member representing Ikwuano State Constituency at the Abia State House of Assembly is Engr. Boniface Isienyi.

## History

The present Ikwuano Local Government Area was part of the Bende Division in the then Southern Province created by the British Colonial Government as part of their “Divide and Rule” system of government and administration towards the beginning of the 19th Century. This was as early as the time Calabar was the capital of Nigeria.
When the Southern province was further divided, Ikwuano still remained part of the Bende Division. The present Bende town was the administrative headquarters where the District Commissioner resided. The District Commissioner, Nwa D.C., as he was known and called held courts at Bende and Oloko. At this time what was later carved out as Aba Division was part of the Bende Division, under the jurisdiction of Nwa D. C. The present Umuahia township later replaced Bende as the administrative headquarters after the extension of the Nigerian rail line from Port-Harcourt to Enugu between 1915 and 1916.
Ikwuano Local Government Area was among the new local government areas that were created on 27 August 1991 when the General Ibrahim Babangida's Administration created Abia State from the old Imo State. It was carved out of the defunct Ikwuano-Umuahia of the Old Imo State.

## Women's War of 1929

The Aba Women's Riot began in Oloko. The demonstration occurred when thousands of women of Igbo origin from Bende, Umuahia, Owerri and other regions in the South East made the trip to Oloko, one of the four principal communities of Ikwuano. The cause of this movement was due to the worry that a new taxation plan was being implemented that would demand women, most especially widows, to pay taxes which they were not mandated to pay earlier on.

## Culture

Ikwuano is known for cultures and arts which include Ekpe, which is usually in January in the different Ikwuano communities coinciding with their respective market days, New Yam (Iri-Ji) and Afo Amaghi Onuma festivals. Their cultural dances are Eketensi Ritual dance, Oro, Ikperikpeogu (War Dance), Uko and so on. They also have Oba and Ekpe societies. Popular delicacies in Ikwuano include Ofe Achara, Ukazi Soup and Ugwu Soup. The predominant languages spoken in Ikwuano are Igbo and English languages. The four clans speak distinct Igbo dialects though mutually intelligible. Ikwuano brides are known to have some of the costliest bride prices in Igboland. Traditional marriages are held in high esteem.

## Geography

It has an area of 281 km$^2$. It lies between the latitudes 5 24lN and 5 30lN and between the longitudes of 7 32lE and 7 37lE.
It borders Umuahia North and Bende to its north, Umuahia South and Isiala- Ngwa North to its west, Ini to the east and Obot-Akara to the south.

## Demographics

The population of Ikwuano during the 2006 census was 137,993. As at 2015, it increased to 175,078. The area is inhabited primarily by the Igbo people.

## Climate

It experiences an average weather temperature of 28 °C. The area witnesses two distinct seasons which are the rainy and dry seasons. The average humidity level is put at 62%.
Ikwuano is in the humid forest zone of Nigeria. The Local Government Area has an average rainfall of 2351 mm, average minimum diurnal temperature of 22.90C and relative humidity range between 80 and 90%.

## Economy & Agriculture

The vegetation of the area is predominantly lowland rainforest, which makes it suitable for growing yam, cassava, maize, cashew and ginger. This has led to the area becoming the food basket of Abia State.
Farming is one of the key economic activities of the Ikwuano people. The area also hosts a number of markets where a variety of commodities are bought and sold. They include Ahia Ndoro and the Ariam Market. In fact, Ikwuano is situated in the palm belt of Eastern Nigeria. Other important economic engagements of the Ikwuano people are hunting, craftsmanship and wood carving.

## Villages grouped according to clans

The four clans of Ikwuano have a total of 58 villages. They are listed as follows:
| Clan | Village |
| Ariam/Usaka | Amaegbu, Ariam Ala-Ala, Ariam Elu-Elu, Azunchai, Ekpiri Ala-Ala, Ekpiri Elu-Elu, Ekwelu, Ndieke, Ndiokoro, Ndiorie, Obugwu, Obeama, Oboni, Upa, Usaka Ukwu |
| Ibere | Amuro, Elemaga, Iberenta, Ihim, Inyila, Isiala, Itunta, Iyalu, Nkalunta, Ngwugwo, Obuohia, Obuoru, Umuemenike, Umulu |
| Oboro | Ahuwa, Amaoba Ikputu, Amaoba Ime, Amawom, Aro Ajatakiri, Aro Ayama, Ekebedi, Isiala, Ndoro, Nnono, Ntalakwu, Obunta, Ogbuebulle, Okwe, Umuariaga, Umudike, Umugbalu, Umuigu, Umuokwo |
| Oloko | Ahaba, Akanu Nchara, Amizi, Awomukwu, Azuiyi, Etoruo Nchara, Obuohia Okike, Oloko, Umugo, Usaka Eleogu |

## Autonomous communities

Villages in Ikwuano are constitutionally placed under 43 autonomous communities, each autonomous community is led by an Eze.
| Autonomous Community | Village(s) |
| Abaa Ukwu | Amaoba Ikputu |
| Afa | Etoruo Nchara |
| Afa Ukwu | Akanu Nchara |
| Agbalu Ozu | Umugbalu |
| Agbo Ibere | Elemaga |
| Agumba | Ekwelu |
| Ahaba Ukwu | Ahaba |
| Ahuwa Oboro | Ahuwa |
| Ajata Na Igu | Umuigu, Aro Ajatakiri |
| Ala-Ala Oboro | Ogbuebulle, Ekebedi |
| Amanchai | Azunchai, Obeama |
| Amaoba Ime | Amaoba Ime |
| Ariam Ala-Ala | Ariam Ala-Ala |
| Ariam Osoigwe | Ariam Elu-Elu, Ndiorie |
| Awom Na Ebo | Umuariaga, Umuokwo |
| Awom Na Uzie | Amizi |
| Awom Oboro | Amawom |
| Awomukwu | Awomukwu |
| Ekpiri Onyeike | Ekpiri Ala-Ala |
| Ekpiri Osoaji | Ekpiri Elu-Elu |
| Ibere Ancient Kingdom | Ngwugwo, Umulu |
| Ibeuzo Ukwu | Amawom |
| Ikemba | Oboni, Ndieke, Ndiokoro, Upa |
| Ikputu Oboro | Amaoba Ikputu |
| Isiala Ahaba | Ahaba |
| Isiama Oboro | Isiala Oboro, Obunta |
| Ntalakwu Oboro | Ntalakwu |
| Obi Ibere | Obuohia, Umuemenike |
| Obuohia Okike | Obuohia Okike |
| Okwe Ukwu | Okwe |
| Oloko Ancient Kingdom | Azuiyi, Oloko, Umugo, Usaka Eleogu |
| Oro Ibere | Iberenta, Iyalu |
| Oruigwe | Nnono |
| Oru Oboro | Ndoro, Aro Ayama |
| Otu-Uzo | Amuro, Nkalunta, Ihim |
| Ugwuegbu | Obugwu, Amaegbu |
| Ugwu Ibere | Inyila, Isiala |
| Uha-la-Uda | Nnono |
| Umuakoo | Itunta, Obuoru |
| Umuokeigbo | Umuigu |
| Umudike | Umudike |
| Umudike Ukwu | Umudike |
| Usaka Ukwu | Usaka Ukwu |

## Traditional rulers

| Title | Name | Autonomous Community |
| Eze Kwesiri I of Abaa Ukwu | Eze HRM David Chukwuemeka Isinguzo | Abaa Ukwu |
| Chimere I of Etoruo | Eze HRM N. Hart Agunaegbe (JP) | Afa |
| Eze Oha II of Akanu | Eze HRM Elder Dr. Monday H.O. Okeanya (JP) | Afa Ukwu |
| Efuma II of Agbalu Ozu | Eze HRM Justice Chino Uwaga | Agbalu Ozu |
| Agbo I of Agbo Ibere | Eze HRM Ifeanyi Oluwa | Agbo Ibere |
| Agu I of Agumba | Eze HRM Joseph Obaji | Agumba |
| Eze Ukwu I of Ahaba Ukwu | Eze HRM Dr. Chimezie Nwabueze | Ahaba Ukwu |
| N/A | Vacant | Ahuwa Oboro |
| Eze Onye Oruru I of Ajatanaigu | Eze HRM Larry Ogbonnaya Agwu | Ajata Na Igu |
| Eze Ala II of Ala-Ala Oboro | Eze HRM Ezeji Uzu Analaba | Ala-Ala Oboro |
| Igwebuike I of Amanchai | Eze HRM Smart Bartholomew Ndukwe | Amanchai |
| O'tuwa I of Amaoba Ime | Eze HRM Emmanuel Nwankwo O'tuwa | Amaoba Ime |
| Ala I of Ariam Ala-Ala | Eze HRM Onyekwere Onwualimba | Ariam Ala-Ala |
| Igwe I of Ariam Osoigwe | Eze HRM Daniel Adieze Gbufor | Ariam Osoigwe |
| Ugwuoha I of Awom Na Ebo | Eze HRM Christopher Uzumgba Ejirika | Awom Na Ebo |
| Eze Udo I of Awom Na Uzie | Eze HRM Dr. Eugene Chimezie Ndimele | Awom Na Uzie |
| Awom II of Awom Oboro | Eze HRM Elder Chukwudike Ebila Ironsi | Awom Oboro |
| Awom II of Awomukwu | Eze HRM Okpetuoro Chukwudi | Awomukwu |
| N/A | Vacant | Ekpiri Onyeike |
| Eze Okpu II of Ekpiri Osoaji | Eze HRM Andrew Igbokwe Ekpo | Ekpiri Osoaji |
| Eze Ugo I of Ibere Ancient Kingdom | Eze HRM Williams Ugochukwu | Ibere Ancient Kingdom |
| Uzo II of Ibe Uzo | Eze HRM Prof. Innocent C. Ezeala | Ibeuzo Ukwu |
| N/A | Vacant | Ikemba |
| Ikputu I of Ikputu Oboro | Eze HRM Chijioke Imo | Ikputu Oboro |
| Ahaba I of Isiala Ahaba | Eze HRM Sir Chima Odomegbulam Onyemachi | Isiala Ahaba |
| Isioha II of Isiama | Eze HRM Prof. Sunday C. Ezeribe | Isiama Oboro |
| Apu I of Ntalakwu | Eze HRM Prof. Samuel Ajiri | Ntalakwu Oboro |
| Obioma I of Obi Ibere | Eze HRM Dr. Dickson I. Orji | Obi Ibere |
| Okike I of Obuohia Okike | Eze HRM Mgbeonyere C. Eleribe | Obuohia Okike |
| N/A | Vacant | Okwe Ukwu |
| Oko I of Oloko Ancient Kingdom | Eze HRM Torty David Igbokwe | Oloko Ancient Kingdom |
| Oro II of Oro Ibere | Eze HRM Dr. Stanley Iroabuchi Ijenwa | Oro Ibere |
| Igwebuike II of Oruigwe | Eze HRM Chukwuemeka Elefuanya Ezeoma | Oruigwe |
| Oru I of Oru Onyerubi | Eze HRM Ralph Ukachi Ogbonna | Oru Oboro |
| Uzo II of Otu-Uzo | Eze HRM Chidi Hyacinth Kalu | Otu-Uzo |
| Chimere I of Ugwuegbu | Eze HRM Ambrose Obileche Nwagwu | Ugwuegbu |
| Ugwu I of Ugwu Ibere | Eze HRM Prof. Ezeudo Samuel Ifenwanta | Ugwu Ibere |
| Uha I of Uha-la-Uda | Eze HRM Chukwuemeka Aguocha Ukenye | Uha-la-Uda |
| Akoo II of Umuakoo | Eze HRM Monday Unadindu Okoro | Umuakoo |
| Igwebuike I of Umuokeigbo | Eze HRM Valentine C. Ohunta | Umuokeigbo |
| Dike Oha II of Umudike | Eze HRM Onyekwere Joseph Anyaegbu | Umudike |
| Dike Ukwu I of Umudike | Eze HRM Ben Ogechimereze Oriaku | Umudike Ukwu |
| Eze Oha II of Usaka Ancient Kingdom | Eze HRM Victor Peter Nwosu | Usaka Ukwu |

## Executive Chairmen (1992-till date)

| Tenure | Name |
| 1992-1995 | Sir Chima Odomegbulam Onyemachi |
| 1995-1997 | Promise Odinkemere |
| 1997-1999 | Chief Uche Mpamah |
| 1999-2003 | Barr. Kevin Chima Ugboajah |
| 2003-2007 | Barr. Kevin Chima Ugboajah |
| 2008-2010 | Barr. Stanley Ojigbo |
| 2016-2018 | Ezinne Ngozi Orji |
| 2020-2022 | Chief Stephen Mpamugo |
| 2024- | Dr. Anthony Nzeribe Nwaubani |

## Educational Institutions

* Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike
* Government College, Umuahia
* Amadeus University, Amizi
* National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike
* Oboro Secondary School, Ikwuano
* Ikwuano Secondary School, Ariam
* Ibere Comprehensive Senior Secondary School, Ahia Orie, Ibere
* Wesley Seminary, Ndoro Oboro
* National Teacher's Institute, Oboro Ikwuano Study Centre

## Notable people

* Ashley Nwosu, Nollywood actor
* Justice Ferdinand Ukattah, first Chief Judge of Abia State
* Buchi Atuonwu, Nigerian reggae gospel artiste
* Adanma Okpara, wife of the first Premier of the defunct Eastern Region of Nigeria; Michael Okpara
* Kenneth Omeruo, Nigerian footballer
* Christian Omeruo, Nigerian footballer
* Lucky Omeruo, Nigerian footballer
* Austin Akobundu, former Minister of State for Defence and Retired Colonel
* Pascal Atuma, Canadian-Nigerian actor, screenwriter, film producer, director, comedian and CEO/Chairman of TABIC
* Oscar Atuma, Canadian-Nigerian actor and film producer
* Godwin Nwabunka, Nigerian development expert & microfinance professional
* Nwanyeruwa, leader of the Aba Women's Riot of 1929
* Sandie Okoro, British lawyer
* Frank Dallas, Nollywood actor
* Samson Omeruah, former Governor of Anambra State
* Jimmy Johnson, Nollywood actor
* Erica Nlewedim, Nigerian actress, model, entrepreneur and ex-BBN housemate
* Henry Ikoh, Nigerian politician
* Rev (Fr.) Christian Anokwuru, pioneer Catholic Priest of Ikwuano
* Ogbonnaya Oji, ex-Biafran commander
* Chigul, Nigerian comedienne and actress
* Emeka Okoro, Nollywood actor and gospel artiste
* Onyinyechi Mark, Nigerian powerlifter
* Brenda Ndukwe, Nollywood actress
* Ccioma, Nigerian gospel artiste and songwriter
* CJ Ujah, British athlete
* Paul Omeruo, former military administrator of Kogi State
* Augustine Ukattah, Nigerian politician
* Monday Ubani, ex-NBA vice president
* Onyinyechi Ironkwe, former Miss Niger Delta 2015/16
* Johnbull Owoh, former Nigerian envoy to Brazil and Guinea Bissau
* Chris Nkulor, Nollywood actor
* Sir Sunday Nwosu, Nigerian activist and founder of the Independent Shareholders Association of Nigeria (ISAN)
* Samuel Onuigbo, Nigerian politician