# Perak State Legislative Assembly

The Perak State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Perak) is the unicameral state legislature of the Malaysian state of Perak. It is composed of 59 members representing single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart, along with elections to the federal parliament and other state assemblies.
The Assembly convenes at the Bangunan Perak Darul Ridzuan in the state capital, Ipoh. At 59 seats, it is the largest state assembly among the 11 legislatures of the States of Malaya.

## Current composition

| Government | Government | Government | Government | Government | Opposition | Opposition |
| BN | BN | PH | PH | PH | PN | PN |
| 8 | 8 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 26 | 26 |
| 7 | 1 | 18 | 5 | 1 | 17 | 9 |
| UMNO | MCA | DAP | PKR | AMANAH | PAS | BERSATU |
| No. | Parliamentary Constituency | No. | State Constituency | Member | Coalition (Party) | Post |
| - | - | - | Non-MLA | Mohamad Zahir Abdul Khalid | BN (UMNO) | Speaker |
| P54 | Gerik | N1 | Pengkalan Hulu | Mohamad Amin Roslan | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P54 | Gerik | N2 | Temengor | Salbiah Mohamed | BN (UMNO) | EXCO Member |
| P55 | Lenggong | N3 | Kenering | Husairi Ariffin | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P55 | Lenggong | N4 | Kota Tampan | Saarani Mohamad | BN (UMNO) | Menteri Besar |
| P56 | Larut | N5 | Selama | Mohd Akmal Kamaruddin | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P56 | Larut | N6 | Kubu Gajah | Khalil Yahaya | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P56 | Larut | N7 | Batu Kurau | Mohd Najmuddin Elias Al-Hafiz | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P57 | Parit Buntar | N8 | Titi Serong | Hakimi Hamzi Hayat | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P57 | Parit Buntar | N9 | Kuala Kurau | Abdul Yunus Jamahri | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P58 | Bagan Serai | N10 | Alor Pongsu | Noor Azman Ghazali | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P58 | Bagan Serai | N11 | Gunong Semanggol | Razman Zakaria | PN (PAS) | Leader of the Opposition |
| P58 | Bagan Serai | N12 | Selinsing | Sallehuddin Abdullah | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P59 | Bukit Gantang | N13 | Kuala Sepetang | Ahmad Man | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P59 | Bukit Gantang | N14 | Changkat Jering | Rahim Ismail | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P59 | Bukit Gantang | N15 | Trong | Faisal Abdul Rahman | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P60 | Taiping | N16 | Kamunting | Mohd Fakhruddin Abdul Aziz | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P60 | Taiping | N17 | Pokok Assam | Ong Seng Guan | PH (DAP) | N/A |
| P60 | Taiping | N18 | Aulong | Teh Kok Lim | PH (DAP) | EXCO Member |
| P61 | Padang Rengas | N19 | Chenderoh | Syed Lukman Hakim Syed Mohd Zin | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P61 | Padang Rengas | N20 | Lubok Merbau | Azizi Mohamed Ridzuan | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P62 | Sungai Siput | N21 | Lintang | Mohd Zolkafly Harun | BN (UMNO) | EXCO Member |
| P62 | Sungai Siput | N22 | Jalong | Loh Sze Yee | PH (DAP) | EXCO Member |
| P63 | Tambun | N23 | Manjoi | Mohd Hafez Sabri | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P63 | Tambun | N24 | Hulu Kinta | Muhamad Arafat Varisai Mahamad | PH (PKR) | N/A |
| P64 | Ipoh Timor | N25 | Canning | Jenny Choy Tsi Jen | PH (DAP) | Deputy Speaker |
| P64 | Ipoh Timor | N26 | Tebing Tinggi | Abdul Aziz Bari | PH (DAP) | N/A |
| P64 | Ipoh Timor | N27 | Pasir Pinji | Goh See Hua | PH (DAP) | N/A |
| P65 | Ipoh Barat | N28 | Bercham | Ong Boon Piow | PH (DAP) | N/A |
| P65 | Ipoh Barat | N29 | Kepayang | Nga Kor Ming | PH (DAP) | MP of Teluk Intan Federal Minister |
| P65 | Ipoh Barat | N30 | Buntong | Thulsi Thivani Manogaran | PH (DAP) | N/A |
| P66 | Batu Gajah | N31 | Jelapang | Cheah Pou Hian | PH (DAP) | N/A |
| P66 | Batu Gajah | N32 | Menglembu | Steven Chaw Kam Foon | PH (DAP) | Political Secretary to the Minister of Housing and Local Government |
| P66 | Batu Gajah | N33 | Tronoh | Steven Tiw Tee Siang | PH (DAP) | N/A |
| P67 | Kuala Kangsar | N34 | Bukit Chandan | Hashim Bujang | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P67 | Kuala Kangsar | N35 | Manong | Burhanuddin Ahmad | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P68 | Beruas | N36 | Pengkalan Baharu | Azman Noh | BN (UMNO) | N/A |
| P68 | Beruas | N37 | Pantai Remis | Wong May Ing | PH (DAP) | N/A |
| P68 | Beruas | N38 | Astaka | Jason Ng Thien Yeong | PH (DAP) | N/A |
| P69 | Parit | N39 | Belanja | Khairudin Abu Hanipah | BN (UMNO) | EXCO Member |
| P69 | Parit | N40 | Bota | Najihatussalehah Ahmad | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P70 | Kampar | N41 | Malim Nawar | Bavani Veraiah @ Shasha | PH (DAP) | N/A |
| P70 | Kampar | N42 | Keranji | Angeline Koo Haai Yen | PH (DAP) | N/A |
| P70 | Kampar | N43 | Tualang Sekah | Mohd Azlan Helmi | PH (PKR) | EXCO Member |
| P71 | Gopeng | N44 | Sungai Rapat | Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin | PH (AMANAH) | EXCO Member Former Menteri Besar of Perak |
| P71 | Gopeng | N45 | Simpang Pulai | Wong Chai Yi | PH (PKR) | N/A |
| P71 | Gopeng | N46 | Teja | Sandrea Ng Shy Ching | PH (PKR) | EXCO Member |
| P72 | Tapah | N47 | Chenderiang | Choong Shin Heng | BN (MCA) | N/A |
| P72 | Tapah | N48 | Ayer Kuning | Vacant | VAC | N/A |
| P73 | Pasir Salak | N49 | Sungai Manik | Zainol Fadzi Paharudin | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P73 | Pasir Salak | N50 | Kampong Gajah | Zafarulazlan Zan | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P74 | Lumut | N51 | Pasir Panjang | Rosli Abd Rahman | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P74 | Lumut | N52 | Pangkor | Norhaslinda Zakaria | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P75 | Bagan Datuk | N53 | Rungkup | Shahrul Zaman Yahya | BN (UMNO) | N/A |
| P75 | Bagan Datuk | N54 | Hutan Melintang | Wasanthee Sinnasamy | PH (PKR) | N/A |
| P76 | Teluk Intan | N55 | Pasir Bedamar | Woo Kah Leong | PH (DAP) | EXCO Member |
| P76 | Teluk Intan | N56 | Changkat Jong | Nadziruddin Mohamed Bandi | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P77 | Tanjong Malim | N57 | Sungkai | Sivanesan Achalingam | PH (DAP) | EXCO Member |
| P77 | Tanjong Malim | N58 | Slim | Muhammad Zulfadli Zainal | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P77 | Tanjong Malim | N59 | Behrang | Salina Samsudin | BN (UMNO) | N/A |

## Seating arrangement

| Vacant | | N54 Hutan Melintang | N38 Astaka | N33 Tronoh | | N30 Buntong |
| N19 Chenderoh | N17 Pokok Assam | N42 Keranji | | N31 Jelapang | N41 Malim Nawar | N27 Pasir Pinji |
| N01 Pengkalan Hulu | N47 Chenderiang | E | E | E | N28 Bercham | N45 Simpang Pulai |
| N08 Titi Serong | N52 Pangkor | F | | D | N36 Pengkalan Baharu | N59 Behrang |
| N58 Slim | N35 Manong | F | | D | N37 Pantai Remis | N48 Ayer Kuning (Vacant) |
| N50 Kampong Gajah | N56 Changkat Jong | F | | D | N53 Rungkup | N32 Menglembu |
| N10 Alor Pongsu | N12 Selinsing | G | Sergeant-at-Arm | C | N29 Kepayang | N24 Hulu Kinta |
| N16 Kamunting | N13 Kuala Sepetang | G | | C | N26 Tebing Tinggi | N25 Canning (Deputy Speaker) |
| N15 Trong | N03 Kenering | G | | C | N18 Aulong (EXCO Member) | N55 Pasir Bedamar (EXCO Member) |
| N14 Changkat Jering | N07 Batu Kurau | H | | B | N02 Temenggor (EXCO Member) | N43 Tualang Sekah (EXCO Member) |
| N20 Lubok Merbau | N40 Bota | H | the Mace | B | N22 Jalong (EXCO Member) | N39 Belanja (EXCO Member) |
| N34 Bukit Chandan} | N09 Kuala Kurau | H | | B | N57 Sungkai (EXCO Member) | N46 Teja (EXCO Member) |
| N51 Pasir Panjang | N05 Selama | I | | A | N21 Lintang (EXCO Member) | State Financial Officer |
| N23 Manjoi | N49 Sungai Manik | I | | A | N44 Sungai Rapat (EXCO Member) | State Legal Advisor |
| N06 Kubu Gajah | N11 Gunong Semanggol (Opposition Leader) | I | Secretary | A | N04 Kota Tampan (Menteri Besar) | State Secretary |
| | | | Speaker | | | |
| | | | Sultan | | | |

## Role

The Perak State Legislative Assembly enacts laws that apply in Perak. It must hold at least three sittings a year and table a budget in March and late October or early November. The Speaker presides over sittings in the Assembly and ensures order during debates. The present Speaker is Mohamad Zahir Abdul Khalid.
The majority party or coalition in the Assembly forms the state government, led by the Menteri Besar. He appoints the state executive council, or EXCO (Majlis Mesyuarat Kerajaan), drawing from members of the Assembly.

## Speakers of The Assembly

| No. | Speaker | Term start | Term end | Party | Constituency | Remarks |
| 8 | Junus Wahid | 1999 | 2004 | BN (UMNO) | Slim | |
| 9 | V. Sivakumar | 25 April 2008 | 7 May 2009 | PR (DAP) | Tronoh | 1st Indian speaker |
| 10 | Ganesan Retanam | 7 May 2009 | 5 May 2013 | BN (MIC) | Non-MLA | |
| 11 | Devamany S. Krishnasamy | 28 June 2013 | 9 August 2016 | BN (MIC) | Non-MLA | |
| 12 | S. Thangeswary | 9 August 2016 | 9 April 2018 | BN (MIC) | Non-MLA | 1st female speaker |
| 13 | Ngeh Koo Ham | 2 July 2018 | 12 May 2020 | PH (DAP) | Non-MLA | MP of Beruas, 1st Chinese speaker |
| 14 | Mohamad Zahir Abdul Khalid | 15 May 2020 | Incumbent | BN (UMNO) | Non-MLA | |

## Election pendulum

The 15th General Election witnessed 33 governmental seats and 26 non-governmental seats filled the Perak State Legislative Assembly. The government side has 15 safe seats and 3 fairly safe seats, while the non-government side has 3 fairly safe seats and no safe seats.
2022 Perak state election :

## List of Assemblies

| Assembly | Term began | Committee | Majority party/coalition |
| 1st | 1959 | Mohamed Ghazali I (1959–1960) Shaari (1960–1964) | Alliance |
| 2nd | 1964 | Ahmad Said I | Alliance |
| 3rd | 1969 | Ahmad Said II (1969–1970) Kamaruddin (1970–1974) | Alliance (1969–1973) Barisan Nasional (1973–1974) |
| 4th | 1974 | Mohamed Ghazali II (1974–1977) Wan Mohammed I (1977–1978) | Barisan Nasional |
| 5th | 1978 | Wan Mohamed II | Barisan Nasional |
| 6th | 1982 | Wan Mohamed III (1982–1983) Ramli I (1983–1986) | Barisan Nasional |
| 7th | 1986 | Ramli II | Barisan Nasional |
| 8th | 1990 | Ramli III | Barisan Nasional |
| 9th | 1995 | Ramli IV | Barisan Nasional |
| 10th | 1999 | Tajol Rosli I | Barisan Nasional |
| 11th | 2004 | Tajol Rosli II | Barisan Nasional |
| 12th | 2008 | Mohamad Nizar (2008–2009) Zambry I (2009–2013) | Pakatan Rakyat (2008–2009) Barisan Nasional (2009–2013) |
| 13th | 2013 | Zambry II | Barisan Nasional |
| 14th | 2018 | Ahmad Faizal I (2018–2020) Ahmad Faizal II (2020) Saarani I (2020–2022) | Pakatan Harapan (2018–2020) BN-PN (2020–2022) |
| 15th | 2022 | Saarani II | BN-PH |