# Mélanie Joly

Mélanie Joly PC MP (French pronunciation:; born January 16, 1979) is a Canadian politician and lawyer who has served as minister of Foreign Affairs since October 2021. A member of the Liberal Party, Joly represents the Montreal-area riding of Ahuntsic-Cartierville in the House of Commons, taking office as a member of Parliament (MP) following the 2015 federal election. She has held a number of portfolios including Canadian heritage, tourism, and La Francophonie. Joly ran for mayor of Montreal in the 2013 Montreal municipal election, placing second behind eventual winner Denis Coderre.
Born in Montreal, Quebec, Joly graduated from Université de Montréal and Brasenose College, Oxford.

## Early and personal life

Born on January 16, 1979, Joly grew up in Montreal's northern neighbourhood of Ahuntsic. Joly's father is Clément Joly, an accountant who was president of the Liberal Party's finance committee in Quebec and manager of the Canadian Air Transport Security Authority from 2002 to 2007. Her late stepmother, Carole-Marie Allard, was a lawyer and journalist, who served as an MP representing Laval—East from 2000 to 2004.
Joly is married to Felix Marzell, an artist and entrepreneur.

## Education and career

After completing her Bachelor of Laws degree at the Université de Montréal in 2001, Joly became a member of the Bar of Quebec. She subsequently received the Chevening Scholarship and continued her studies at Brasenose College, Oxford, where she received a Magister Juris in comparative and public law in 2003. Joly also interned at Radio-Canada, in 2007.
At the beginning of her career, Joly practiced law at two major Montreal law firms, Stikeman Elliott and Davies Ward Phillips & Vineberg. At the latter firm, her mentor was former Parti Quebecois premier Lucien Bouchard, who supplied her with a letter of recommendation for her Oxford application. She worked primarily in the areas of civil and commercial litigation, bankruptcy and insolvency law. She was also a prosecutor before the Gomery Commission of inquiry.
In 2010, she became the first Quebecer to receive the Arnold Edinborough award, which recognizes philanthropic involvement within the Canadian cultural community.
In 2013, she was appointed to head the Quebec Advisory Committee for Justin Trudeau's campaign for the leadership of the Liberal Party of Canada.
Along with her colleagues, she founded Generation of Ideas, which is a political forum for 25- to 35-year-olds. She is also a member of the collective group Sortie 13, for which she wrote "Les villes au pouvoir ou comment relancer le monde municipal québécois".

## Political career
### Municipal campaign

In June 2013, Joly announced her candidacy for mayor of Montreal in the elections which occurred in the same year. She founded a new party, Vrai changement pour Montréal, to support her candidacy with her personal friends. On November 3, election day, she obtained 26.50 per cent of the votes, finishing six points behind the winner, Denis Coderre. However, she finished ahead of several more established challengers.

### Federal politics

In 2015, Joly left municipal politics and announced her candidacy for the nomination of the Liberal Party of Canada in the new electoral district of Ahuntsic-Cartierville for the 2015 Canadian federal election to the 42nd Canadian Parliament. Joly won the riding with 47.5 per cent of the vote, unseating incumbent Maria Mourani.

#### Minister of Canadian Heritage (2015–2018)

After the 2015 general election, Joly was named as the minister of Canadian heritage as part of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau's new government.

#### Minister of Tourism, Official Languages and La Francophonie (2018–2019)

On August 28, 2018, Joly was named to the tourism, official languages, and La Francophonie portfolio.

#### Minister of Economic Development (2019–2021)

She assumed the position of Minister of Economic Development and Official Languages on December 13, 2019. Her mandate was marked by the introduction of separate regional development agencies for Western Canada: Canada Economic Development for the Prairies (PrairieCan) and Canada Economic Development for the Pacific (PacifiCan).
On June 15, 2021, she introduced Bill C-32 in the House of Commons, an Act to achieve substantive equality of English and French and to strengthen the Official Languages Act. The first reform since 1988, Joly's modernization was intended to ensure that the government's broad range of measures in support of official languages responded to and adapted to the challenges faced by these languages in the various regions of the country.

#### Minister of Foreign Affairs (2021–present)

Joly took office as Canada's Minister of Foreign Affairs on October 26, 2021.
Amidst global concerns about a buildup of Russian troops on the country's eastern border, she visited Ukraine in January 2022. Amidst the Russian invasion of Ukraine, she visited again on May 8, 2022 when she accompanied Prime Minister Trudeau on an unannounced visit to Kyiv to reopen the Canadian embassy. However, it was reported that the Canadian Embassy was never in fact reopened and the Canadian ambassador did not return. One year after the invasion began, she touted her government's efforts to promote regime change in Russia.
In May 2022, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan voiced his opposition to Sweden and Finland joining NATO, accusing the two countries of tolerating groups which Turkey classifies as terrorist organizations, including the Kurdish militant groups PKK and YPG and the supporters of Fethullah Gülen, a US-based Muslim cleric accused by Turkey of orchestrating a failed 2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt. Joly held talks with Turkey to convince the Turkish government of the need for the integration of the two Nordic nations into NATO.
During the March 2023 House of Commons committee studying Chinese election interference in the 2019 and 2021 federal elections, Joly accused China of 'trying to sow division in many democracies' and suggested ways foreign meddling could be hindered in the future.
Following a vote on the Uyghur genocide in Xinjiang, it was reported in May 2023 that Conservative MP Michael Chong's family in Hong Kong was targeted, including by a Chinese diplomat named Zhao Wei. Wei was later declared persona non grata by Joly.
The murder of Canadian Sikh separatist leader Hardeep Singh Nijjar caused a diplomatic crisis, with Canada–India relations falling to their lowest point. Joly ordered the expulsion of Pavan Kumar Rai, a top Indian diplomat in Canada who headed the operations of the Research and Analysis Wing, India's external intelligence agency, in Canada.
In September 2023, Azerbaijan launched a large-scale military offensive against the self-declared breakaway state of Republic of Artsakh, a move seen by the European Parliament as a violation of the 2020 ceasefire agreement. Joly expressed grave concern with Azerbaijan's military intervention, calling for immediate cessation of hostilities, asking the Azerbaijani government to refrain from any actions and activities that pose a risk to the safety and welfare of the civilian population of Nagorno-Karabakh, labelling the military action as "unjustifiable" and the Lachin corridor blockade as "illegal".
After the events of the October 7, 2023, Hamas-led attack on Israel, Joly rejected calls for a ceasefire in the Israel–Hamas war on October 30 but expressed support for a "humanitarian pause".
Joly was considered a possible candidate in the 2025 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election, upon the resignation of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau. On January 10, 2025, she announced that she would not enter the race to focus on the threat of tariffs on Canadian goods from the incoming second Trump administration, as Minister of Foreign Affairs. On January 19, she endorsed former Bank of Canada governor Mark Carney.

## Electoral record

vte2021 Canadian federal election: Ahuntsic-Cartierville :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Expenditures |
| | Liberal | Mélanie Joly | 26,402 | 52.38 | –0.07 | $71,604.96 |
| | Bloc Québécois | Anna Simonyan | 11,112 | 22.04 | +0.31 | $12,053.64 |
| | New Democratic | Ghada Chaabi | 5,844 | 11.59 | +0.19 | $3,163.17 |
| | Conservative | Steven Duarte | 4,247 | 8.43 | +1.15 | $0.00 |
| | Green | Luc Joli-Coeur | 1,491 | 2.96 | –3.12 | $0.00 |
| | People's | Manon Chevalier | 1,313 | 2.60 | +1.54 | $1,694.83 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 50,409 | 100.00 | – | $110,827.67 |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | 1,054 | 2.05 | +0.23 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 51,463 | 64.16 | –3.34 |
| Eligible voters | Eligible voters | Eligible voters | 80,206 |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | Swing | –0.19 |
| Source: Elections Canada |||||||
vte2019 Canadian federal election: Ahuntsic-Cartierville :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Expenditures |
| | Liberal | Mélanie Joly | 28,904 | 52.45 | +5.65 | $75,399.95 |
| | Bloc Québécois | André Parizeau | 11,974 | 21.73 | +8.53 | none listed |
| | New Democratic | Zahia El-Masri | 6,284 | 11.4 | −18.6 | none listed |
| | Conservative | Kathy Laframboise | 4,013 | 7.28 | −0.02 | $0.00 |
| | Green | Jean-Michel Lavarenne | 3,352 | 6.08 | +3.98 | $7,837.28 |
| | People's | Raymond Ayas | 584 | 1.06 | | $7,512.42 |
| Total valid votes/expense limit | Total valid votes/expense limit | Total valid votes/expense limit | 55,111 | 100.0 |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | 1,022 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 56,133 | 67.5 |
| Eligible voters | Eligible voters | Eligible voters | 83,176 |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | Swing | −1.44 |
| Source: Elections Canada |||||||
2015 Canadian federal election :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Expenditures |
| | Liberal | Mélanie Joly | 26,026 | 46.8 | +15.7 | $149,387.67 |
| | New Democratic | Maria Mourani | 16,684 | 30.0 | +0.1 | $86,722.49 |
| | Bloc Québécois | Nicolas Bourdon | 7,346 | 13.2 | -15.1 | $27,931.96 |
| | Conservative | Wiliam Moughrabi | 4,051 | 7.3 | -1.3 | $12,346.58 |
| | Green | Gilles Mercier | 1,175 | 2.1 | +0.7 | – |
| | Rhinoceros | Catherine Gascon-David | 285 | 0.5 | – | – |
| Total valid votes/Expense limit | Total valid votes/Expense limit | Total valid votes/Expense limit | – | 100.0 | | $220,041.13 |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | – | – | – |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | – | – | – |
| Eligible voters | Eligible voters | Eligible voters | 82,863 |
| Source: Elections Canada |||||||