OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Terry Lyons (mathematician)

Terence John Lyons FRSE FRS FLSW is a British mathematician, specialising in stochastic analysis. Lyons, previously the Wallis Professor of Mathematics, is a fellow of St Anne's College, Oxford and a Faculty Fellow at The Alan Turing Institute. He was the director of the Oxford-Man Institute from 2011 to 2015 and the president of the London Mathematical Society from 2013 to 2015. His mathematical contributions have been to probability, harmonic analysis, the numerical analysis of stochastic differential equations, and quantitative finance. In particular he developed what is now known as the theory of rough paths. Together with Patrick Kidger he proved a universal approximation theorem for neural networks of arbitrary depth.

## Education

Lyons obtained his B.A. at Trinity College, Cambridge and his D.Phil at the University of Oxford.

## Career

Lyons has held positions at UCLA, Imperial College London, the University of Edinburgh and since 2000 has been Wallis Professor of Mathematics at the University of Oxford. He was the Director of the Oxford-Man Institute at the University of Oxford from 15 June 2011 to 15 December 2015. He also held a number of visiting positions in Europe and North America.
Together with Zhongmin Qian he wrote the monograph System Control and Rough Paths, and together with Michael J. Caruana and Thierry Lévy the book Differential Equations Driven by Rough Paths.

## Honours and awards

In 1985 he was awarded the Rollo Davidson Prize. In 1986 he was awarded the Whitehead Prize of the London Mathematical Society. In 2000 he was awarded the Pólya Prize of the London Mathematical Society.
He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1988, and elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 2002; he was made a fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics, in 2005 and a fellow of the Learned Society of Wales in 2011. In 2013, he was elected president of the London Mathematical Society.
In 2007 he was awarded a Doctor Honoris Causa from the University of Toulouse, he was made an Honorary Fellow of Aberystwyth University in 2010 and Cardiff University in 2012. In 2017 he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Mathematics from the University of Waterloo.
# Elizabeth Connell (doctor)

Elizabeth B. Connell (November 17, 1925 – August 20, 2018) was an American doctor and proponent of women's reproductive health.

## Early life and education

Elizabeth Kincaid Bishop was born in Springfield, Massachusetts on November 17, 1925, to college professors Homer and Margaret Bishop. She got her medical degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1951 and began her career as a general practitioner in Blue Hill, Maine.

## Career

Observing the effects of botched abortions and unwanted pregnancies on her patients' lives in rural Maine contributed to Bishop's later views on abortion and reproductive care. Instead of becoming an occupational therapist as she had planned, she trained in surgery, specializing in obstetrics. She moved to New York City in 1960 to attend Mount Sinai Hospital for her residency and she became part of the faculty at Columbia University. During the 1960s, she helped to open a women's health clinic in East Harlem.
Connell was an associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology in 1970 with the Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons. She toured parts of the world assisting in setting up health facilities and talking about women's health. Connell began a media tour in the United States in the 1980s which saw her appear on The Phil Donahue Show throwing condoms into the audience. She also moderated a discussion in Washington including the feminist leaders Betty Friedan and Gloria Steinem. She moved to Atlanta in 1981 where she was part of the department of obstetrics and gynecology at Emory University. She was an editor of the bimonthly obstetrics-focused monograph The Contraception Report from 1990 to 2001.
Connell was a scientist who worked on methods of contraception. She wrote three books on contraception and worked as a researcher with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Prior to the 1973 Roe v. Wade decision, Connell advocated for the legalization of abortion. While leading a committee to advise the Food and Drug Administration, she raised concerns about the health risks of breast implants. In 1970, she admonished a Congressional subcommittee for causing "panic" about oral contraceptives, stating that it had resulted in "dozens of unwanted pregnancies". She was known for her work on family planning, women's health and women's equality.

## Personal life

Connell's first marriage, to Dr. John Connell, ended in 1970 with divorce. In c. 1980 she married Dr. Howard Tatum, an obstetrician with whom she often collaborated. She had six children and three stepchildren. Tatum died in 2002. Connell died of congestive heart failure in Framingham, Massachusetts on August 20, 2018.
# Makar Yekmalyan

Makar Grigori Yekmalyan (also transliterated Ekmalian; in Armenian Մակար Եկմալյան) (2 February 1856, Vagharshapat - 6 March 1905, Tiflis) was an Armenian composer.

## Biography

Yekmalyan studied at the Echmiadzin seminary and later in St Petersburg with Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. He then taught music in Tbilisi (Tiflis), where he died in 1905.
His most noted composition was the Patarag (in Armenian Պատարագ), the setting of the Armenian Apostolic Church's Divine Liturgy, which he completed in 1892 in several arrangements. Patarag was first published in Leipzig in 1896.
# St. Crispin's Reef

St. Crispin's Reef is an elongate outer-shelf coral reef in the Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia.

## Location and topography

Named after St. Crispin, the French patron saint of cobblers and tanners, St. Crispin's Reef is located 35 miles off the Queensland coast in the Coral Sea, in latitude 16° 07' 54.14" S longitude 145° 48' 22.46" E, at a depth of 9 metres. It lies east of Undine Reef and south of Agincourt Reefs, close to Opal Reef. Protected by neighbor reefs, St. Crispin's structure consists of many shallow sandy channels that reticulate around coral mounds, rather than a typical reef slope. It has an abundance of soft corals and colourful marine life.

## Marine life

St. Crispin's Reef is a popular diving and snorkeling spot for expeditions from Port Douglas and Cairns. Nicknamed "Flower garden", the reef is host to Sergeant majors, Sweet lips, reef sharks, feather stars and bumphead parrot fish.

## Classification

Classified by the Marine Park Authority for "Intensive use", the reef has four moorings. In 1998, divers Tom and Eileen Lonergan were accidentally left here by their dive expedition, and went missing. Their bodies were never found. The tragedy inspired the film Open Water.
# Justina Ford

Justina Laurena Ford (January 22, 1871 – October 14, 1952) was an American physician. She was the first licensed African American female doctor in Denver, Colorado, and practiced gynecology, obstetrics, and pediatrics from her home for half a century.

## Biography

Justina Laurena Warren was born in 1871 in Knoxville, Illinois several years after the Civil War. She was one of many children and often accompanied her mother, a nurse, when she tended to patients. In 1892 she married Baptist minister John Ford and subsequently moved to Chicago, where she graduated from the Hering Medical College in 1899.
Ford worked briefly at an Alabama hospital before relocating to Denver in 1902. There, she was given her medical license, although she was told by her examiner, "I feel dishonest taking a fee from you. You've got two strikes against you to begin with. First of all, you're a lady, and second, you're colored". Since African Americans were barred at the time from working in hospitals or joining the Colorado Medical Association, Ford set up a private practice in her home in Five Points, where she specialized in gynecology, obstetrics, and pediatrics. In 1915, she and her husband divorced; she later married Alfred Allen.
Ford practiced medicine from her home for 50 years, serving a diverse clientele that included "poor whites, African-Americans, and non-English speaking immigrants who were turned away from hospitals". Her patients often exchanged goods and services for consultations, rather than paying in cash. "She strongly believed that if at all possible, children should be delivered at home". She delivered nearly 7,000 babies during her career. She was affectionately called "The Lady Doctor" by her patients.
In 1950, Ford was allowed to join the Colorado and American Medical Associations; she also became a member of the Denver Medical Society and began working in the Denver General Hospital. At that time, she was still the only female African American doctor in Denver. Dr. Ford received the Human Rights Award from Denver's Cosmopolitan Club, in 1951. Ford continued to practice medicine until two weeks before her death in 1952.

## Posthumous honors

In 1988, Ford's home in Five Points, Denver, was converted into the Black American West Museum and Heritage Center. One room is devoted to an exhibition of her life and work.
Ford was inducted into the Colorado Women's Hall of Fame in 1985 and was named a "Medical Pioneer of Colorado" by the Colorado Medical Society in 1989. In 1998, a sculpture of Ford holding a baby, made by Jess E. DuBois, was erected outside her house.
An elementary school in Littleton, Colorado, has been named in her honor; construction began in 2020.
# Megadiverse countries

A megadiverse country is one of a group of nations that house the majority of Earth's species and high numbers of endemic species. Conservation International identified 17 megadiverse countries in 1998, all of which are located at least partially in tropical or subtropical regions.
Megadiversity means to exhibit great biodiversity. The main criterion for megadiverse countries is endemism at the level of species, genera and families. A megadiverse country must have at least 5,000 species of endemic plants and must border marine ecosystems.

## List of megadiverse countries

In alphabetical order, the 17 megadiverse countries are:
* Australia
* Brazil
* China
* Colombia
* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Ecuador
* India
* Indonesia
* Madagascar
* Malaysia
* Mexico
* Papua New Guinea
* Peru
* Philippines
* South Africa
* United States
* Venezuela

## List of most biodiverse countries 2022

TOP 20 Global Biodiversity Index :
| Country (or dependent territory) | Bird | Amphibian | Fish | Mammal | Reptile | Vascular Plant | Biodiversity Index |
| Brazil | 1,816 | 1,141 | 4,738 | 693 | 847 | 34,387 | 512.34 |
| Indonesia | 1,723 | 383 | 4,813 | 729 | 773 | 19,232 | 418.78 |
| Colombia | 1,863 | 812 | 2,105 | 477 | 634 | 24,025 | 369.76 |
| China | 1,285 | 540 | 3,476 | 622 | 554 | 31,362 | 365.84 |
| Mexico | 1,105 | 411 | 2,629 | 533 | 988 | 23,385 | 342.47 |
| Australia | 725 | 245 | 4,992 | 355 | 1,131 | 19,324 | 337.18 |
| Peru | 1,861 | 655 | 1,583 | 490 | 510 | 19,812 | 330.12 |
| India | 1,212 | 446 | 2,601 | 440 | 715 | 45,000 | 301.63 |
| Ecuador | 1,629 | 659 | 1,111 | 392 | 492 | 18,466 | 291.58 |
| United States | 844 | 326 | 3,081 | 531 | 556 | 15,500 | 280.13 |
| Venezuela | 1,386 | 365 | 1,735 | 376 | 419 | 30,000 | 273.39 |
| Papua New Guinea | 743 | 416 | 2,884 | 282 | 384 | 13,634 | 226.57 |
| Myanmar | 1,034 | 540 | 1,088 | 304 | 364 | 16,000 | 221.77 |
| Vietnam | 835 | 263 | 2,423 | 313 | 512 | 8,500 | 216.97 |
| Malaysia | 721 | 278 | 1,951 | 348 | 502 | 14,060 | 214.71 |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1,110 | 227 | 1,528 | 465 | 313 | 8,860 | 214.43 |
| Tanzania | 1,074 | 207 | 1,773 | 412 | 346 | 10,100 | 213.10 |
| Bolivia | 1,435 | 259 | 407 | 382 | 315 | 14,729 | 209.55 |
| South Africa | 762 | 132 | 2,094 | 331 | 421 | 21,250 | 207.94 |
| Thailand | 936 | 153 | 2,150 | 314 | 468 | 6,600 | 200.77 |
# Siege of Tournai (1303)

The siege of Tournai was an event of the Franco-Flemish War in 1303.
Following French defeat at the Battle of the Golden Spurs, the Flemish army entered France, burning the town of Thérouanne and laying siege to Tournai. A French army of 1,400 men led by Foulques du Merle and reinforced by soldiers of John II, Count of Holland, arrived to bolster the city's defences in June 1303. The Flemish campaign lasted forty-seven days.
The siege was ended by negotiations between Philip IV of France and the Flemish, in which the French agreed to release their prisoner, Guy, Count of Flanders, in return for the lifting of the siege.
# Luyeechon Project

The Luyeechon Selection Examination, officially Outstanding Student Selection Examination (Burmese: လူရည်ချွန် ရွေးချယ်ရေး စာမေးပွဲ) is a long-standing educational initiative of Myanmar that has evolved over decades, producing numerous exemplary citizens.

## History

The Luyeechon Project (လူရည်ချွန် စီမံကိန်း) commenced in the 1963-1964 academic year, with the first outstanding students emerging in 1964. Initially, selections were made from Grades 7 to 10. In subsequent years, the program expanded to include university and college students. Annual selections continued up to 1988, marking the 25th Silver Jubilee of the Luyeechon Project. After a hiatus starting in 1988, the project was revived in 2013 under the name Multidisciplinary Outstanding Youth Project (ဘက်စုံပညာ ထူးချွန်လူငယ် စီမံကိန်း). In 2014, marking the 50th Golden Jubilee of the project's inception, Luyeechon alumni from across the country formed the "Luyeechon (1964-88) Association". In 2018, the project reverted to its original name, Luyeechon Project. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the project was temporarily suspended from the 2019-2020 academic year but resumed in the 2022-2023 academic year. With the new education system, selections have been made from Grades 9 to 12 starting from the 2023-2024 academic year.

## Objectives

As a national social initiative, the project aims to "enhance multidisciplinary education to cultivate the human resources necessary for building a modern, developed democratic nation". To achieve this goal, continuous efforts are made to nurture future generations in the coming academic years.
# Storey Jackson

Storey Jackson (born April 8, 1998) is an American professional football linebacker for the Arlington Renegades of the United Football League (UFL). He played college football at Liberty University.

## Early life

Jackson attended Olathe North High School, where he lettered in football, basketball and baseball.
He enrolled at Hutchinson Community College. In two seasons, he appeared in 19 games as a defensive back, making 81 tackles and one interception. As a junior in 2019, he transferred to Prairie View A&M University. He was switched to linebacker, tallying 72 tackles (8.5 for loss) and four sacks. In 2020, the Southwestern Athletic Conference announced that it would not play fall sports due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As a senior in the SWAC shortened spring season in 2021, he had 50 tackles (8.5 for loss), 2 sacks, 2 forced fumbles, 2 fumble recoveries and one interception. In a schedule with three games, he led the nation in tackles-per-game (16.7). In 2021, he transferred to Liberty University. As a fifth-year senior, he appeared in 13 games with 12 starts and became the leader of the defense. He posted 102 tackles (13 for loss), seven sacks, one interception and four passes defensed.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split | 20-yard split | 20-yard shuttle | Three-cone drill | Vertical jump | Broad jump | Bench press |
| 6 ft 1+7⁄8 in (1.88 m) | 224 lb (102 kg) | 30+3⁄8 in (0.77 m) | 10+1⁄8 in (0.26 m) | 4.68 s | 1.69 s | 2.63 s | 4.32 s | 6.97 s | 32.0 in (0.81 m) | 9 ft 4 in (2.84 m) | 23 reps |
| All values from Pro Day ||||||||||||

### Dallas Cowboys

Jackson was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Dallas Cowboys after the 2022 NFL draft on May 12. On August 30, during final roster cuts, the Cowboys released Jackson.

### Cleveland Browns

On December 13, 2022, Jackson signed with the Cleveland Browns' practice squad. On January 7, 2023, the Browns elevated Jackson to the active roster. The next day, he made his NFL debut playing fifteen snaps against the Pittsburgh Steelers. He signed a reserve/future contract on January 9, 2023. He was waived on May 15, 2023.

### Arlington Renegades (first stint)

On October 20, 2023, Jackson signed with the Arlington Renegades of the XFL. His contract was terminated on August 14, 2024, to sign with an NFL team.

### Atlanta Falcons

On August 14, 2024, Jackson signed with the Atlanta Falcons. He was waived on August 25.

### Arlington Renegades (second stint)

On December 16, 2024, Jackson re-signed with the Renegades.
# Leslee Subak

Leslee L. Subak is an American urogynecologist and reproductive surgeon. She is the Katharine Dexter McCormick and Stanley McCormick Memorial Professor and chair of the department of obstetrics and gynecology at Stanford University School of Medicine.

## Life

Subak earned a B.A. in geology and earth science from Dartmouth College in 1983. She completed premedical coursework at the University of Pennsylvania from 1984 to 1985. In 1991, she earned a M.D. from the Stanford University School of Medicine. From 1991 to 1997, Subak conducted a gynecological residency, epidemiological and research methods fellowship, and clinical fellowship in pelvic surgery and urogynecology at the University of California, San Francisco and San Francisco VA Medical Center.
Subak's researches lower urinary tract function and urinary incontinence in women. In 1997, Subak joined the departments of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive sciences and epidemiology and biostatistics at the University of California, San Francisco as a clinical instructor. She was promoted to assistant professor in 1998, associate professor in 2004, professor in 2009. In 2017, Subak joined the department of obstetrics and gynecology and by courtesy of urology at Stanford University School of Medicine. She is the chair and Katharine Dexter McCormick and Stanley McCormick Memorial Professor. She succeeded Jonathan Berek.
# Fenchuganj Gas Field

Baramchal Gas Field (Bengali: বরমচাল গ্যাসক্ষেত্র) is a natural gas field located in Baramchal Union Parishad, Kulaura Upazila, Moulvibazar District, Sylhet Division, Bangladesh. This company is under the control of Bangladesh Petroleum Exploration and Production Company Limited (BAPEX).
# Stefan Richarz

Stefan Richarz (25 November 1874 – 13 July 1934) was a German priest, missionary and geologist.
Richarz was born in Richrath near Cologne, Germany in 1874. He joined the Divine Word Missionaries in 1893 at Steyl, Netherlands. He studied theology in the school of the order Sankt Gabriel in Maria Enzersdorf near Mödling and received his ordination to the priesthood in 1901. Richarz studied geology, paleontology, petrology and chemistry at the University of Vienna and later mineralogy, philosophy and geology at the University of Munich. He received his phD for work with Ernst Weinschenk and Ernst Freiherr Stromer von Reichenbach in 1919 from the University of Munich on basalts from a quarry near Groschlattengrün.
In the following years he taught geology and astronomy at the school of the order Sankt Gabriel. In 1921 he changed to the school of the Divine Word Missionaries in Techny, Illinois where he lectured on geology, chemistry, mathematics and astronomy. In 1933 Richarz became dean of the science department of the Catholic University of Peking. In his first year, he went on a geological field trip to Mengyin County, Shandong, China where he died 13. July, 1934.
# Le Colonial

Le Colonial is an old colonial house located in Cochin, Kerala, India. It is now used as a hotel.

## History

Le Colonial was built by the Portuguese in 1506. It is said to have housed Francis Xavier and Vasco da Gama. It remained in the hands of the Portuguese for 150 years and when Cochin was conquered by the Dutch it was one of the rare houses not to be destroyed during the assault. Le Colonial housed the Dutch governors until 1795 when it was sold to the British. It then belonged to J. Thomas, a British tea trader.
The building was constructed in 1506 at the same time as St Francis Church. It was the Portuguese governor's private residence as opposed to his main office. St Francis Xavier is said to have lived in the house which has, among other names, also been called the St Francis Bungalow. Above the main gate one can see the date of construction and the Dutch addition of "VOC" (Venerable Dutch East India Company).
The last Dutch governor Jan van Spall sold it in 1795 to the British. That is why it was also called Jan van Spall Huiss. The original sales deed can be seen framed in the house. During the Dutch occupation, French Admiral Mahé de La Bourdonnais, on his way from Pondichéry to Mahé in North Kerala, spent a night in the house. In 1795, Major Petrie and his British East India Company army took over Fort Cochin, and after the capitulation van Spall supposedly received Major Petrie as his guest in the house.
The house was sold in the mid 20th century to the tea trader J Thomas and came to be known as the J Thomas Bungalow. In 2004, it was saved as a historic monument as it got acquired by Neemrana hotels. The house now contains many works of art and antique furniture. Each room is named and styled after figures connected with its past: Jan van Spall, Major Petrie, J Thomas, Vasco da Gama, Mahé de La Bourdonnais, Tipoo Sultan, the British viceroy and his ADC. Maureen van Spall is alive and well in the Netherlands.
# Tomi Nyman

Tomi Nyman (born 20 August 1983) is a Finnish former professional footballer who played as a centre back. Besides his native Finland, Nyman played in the Dutch Eerste Divisie for Omniworld in 2005–2006.
Nyman has graduted as MBA at the Helsinki School of Economics.
# Vanessa Trump

Vanessa Kay Trump (née Pergolizzi, later Haydon; born December 18, 1977) is the former wife of Donald Trump Jr.; they were married from 2005 to 2018.

## Early life

Vanessa Kay Pergolizzi grew up in a townhouse on the Upper East Side of Manhattan and attended The Dwight School, a private school. Her stepfather, Charles Haydon, was a lawyer. Her mother, Bonnie Kay Haydon, ran Kay Models, a modeling agency, and is of Danish and Swedish origin. Her maternal grandfather was Danish jazz musician Kai Ewans.

## Career

During the 1990s, in her teens and twenties, Vanessa was a model and was signed to Wilhelmina Models.
As an actress, Vanessa appeared in a scene of the film Something's Gotta Give (2003).
In the fall of 2003, Vanessa and her sister Veronika opened a nightclub called Sessa.
In 2011, Vanessa appeared in an episode of The Apprentice (hosted by her father-in-law, Donald Trump). She also appeared in an episode of Bret Michaels: Life as I Know It (2010).
From 2010 to 2013, Vanessa released her own line of handbags called La Poshett.

## Personal life

During her teenage years, Vanessa dated local street gangster Valentin Rivera.
In 1998, Vanessa was linked with American actor Leonardo DiCaprio.
From 1998 to 2001, Vanessa dated Saudi prince Khalid bin Bandar bin Sultan Al Saud. The relationship ended in 2001, when Khalid bin Bandar left the U.S. after his Saudi ambassador father, Bandar bin Sultan Al Saud, was suspected of having indirect ties to individuals linked with the Al Qaeda hijackers.
On November 12, 2005, Vanessa married Donald Trump Jr. The wedding was held at the Mar-a-Lago club in Florida; the service was officiated by Trump Jr.'s aunt, Judge Maryanne Trump Barry. Trump Jr. had proposed to her with a US $100,000 ring (equivalent to $161,000 in 2024) that he had received as a gift from a jeweler in exchange for proposing to her in front of paparazzi outside of the jeweler's store at the Short Hills mall in New Jersey.
Vanessa and Don Jr. have five children together, the oldest of whom is Kai Trump who was born May 2007.
On March 15, 2018, Vanessa filed for a uncontested divorce in New York. In July 2018, they resolved a child custody issue, and the divorce was settled at the end of 2018.
Trump began a relationship with golfer Tiger Woods in November 2024. The relationship became public in March 2025.