# List of parliamentary by-elections in Malaysia

Casual vacancies in the Dewan Rakyat (House of Representatives) are filled through by-elections, which may occur when a member of the Dewan Rakyat dies, resigns or for some other reason. Under Article 54(1) of the Constitution of Malaysia, the Election Commission of Malaysia has to call a by-election within 60 days of the establishment of the casual vacancy. A by-election is not held when there are less than two years left in the Parliament's term, unless the Speaker notifies the Election Commission that the casual vacancy affects the majority of the governing party.
Brackets around a date indicate that the candidate was unopposed when nominations closed. These candidates were declared "elected unopposed" with effect from the date of the closing of nominations, and there was no need to hold a by-election.

## 15th Parliament (2022–present)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause |
| Kemaman | 2 December 2023 | Che Alias Hamid | PN (PAS) | Ahmad Samsuri Mokhtar | PN (PAS) | Nullified and disqualified for element of bribery (election petition) |
| Pulai | 9 September 2023 | Salahuddin Ayub | PH (AMANAH) | Suhaizan Kayat | PH (AMANAH) | Death (brain hemorrhage) |
| Kuala Terengganu | 12 August 2023 | Ahmad Amzad Hashim | PN (PAS) | Ahmad Amzad Hashim | PN (PAS) | Nullified and disqualified for element of bribery (election petition) |
| Padang Serai | 7 December 2022 | Karupaiya Mutusami | PH (PKR) | Azman Nasrudin | PN (BERSATU) | The election was postponed from the original date because of the death of the incumbent after the nomination day. |

## 14th Parliament (2018–2022)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Party | Cause |
| Pekan | Not held | Najib Razak | BN (UMNO) | — | — | — | Disqualification (sentenced to jail (1MDB scandal)) |
| Gerik | Cancelled | Hasbullah Osman | BN (UMNO) | — | — | — | Death (heart attack) |
| Batu Sapi | Cancelled | Liew Vui Keong | WARISAN | — | — | — | Death (pneumonia) |
| Kimanis | 18 January 2020 | Anifah Aman | Independent | Mohamad Alamin | | BN (UMNO) | Nullified and disqualified for election process discrepancies (election petition) |
| Tanjung Piai | 16 November 2019 | Md Farid Md Rafik | PH (BERSATU) | Wee Jeck Seng | | BN (MCA) | Death (heart attack) |
| Sandakan | 11 May 2019 | Stephen Wong Tien Fatt | PH (DAP) | Vivian Wong Shir Yee | | PH (DAP) | Death (cardiac arrest) |
| Cameron Highlands | 26 January 2019 | Sivarraajh Chandran | BN (MIC) | Ramli Mohd. Noor | | BN (Direct Member) | Nullified and disqualified for element of bribery (election petition) |
| Port Dickson | 13 October 2018 | Danyal Balagopal Abdullah | PH (PKR) | Anwar Ibrahim | | PH (PKR) | Resignation ('PD Move') |

## 13th Parliament (2013–2018)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Party | Cause |
| Paya Besar | Not held | Abdul Manan Ismail | BN (UMNO) | — | — | — | Death (suspected heart attack & accident in a bathroom) |
| Jelebu | Not held | Zainuddin Ismail | BN (UMNO) | — | — | — | Death (brain tumor) |
| Sungai Besar | 18 June 2016 | Noriah Kasnon | BN (UMNO) | Budiman Mohd Zohdi | | BN (UMNO) | Death (helicopter crash) in Sarawak. |
| Kuala Kangsar | 18 June 2016 | Wan Mohammad Khair-il Anuar Wan Ahmad | BN (UMNO) | Mastura Mohd Yazid | | BN (UMNO) | Death (helicopter crash) in Sarawak. |
| Permatang Pauh | 7 May 2015 | Anwar Ibrahim | PKR | Wan Azizah Wan Ismail | | PKR | Disqualification (found guilty of sodomy) |
| Rompin | 5 May 2015 | Jamaluddin Mohd Jarjis | BN (UMNO) | Hasan Arifin | | BN (UMNO) | Death (helicopter crash) in Semenyih, Selangor. |
| Telok Intan | 31 May 2014 | Seah Leong Peng | DAP | Mah Siew Keong | | BN (Gerakan) | Death (bladder cancer) |
| Bukit Gelugor | 25 May 2014 | Karpal Singh | DAP | Ramkarpal Singh | | DAP | Death (car accident) |

## 12th Parliament (2008–13)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Party | Cause |
| Sabak Bernam | Not held | Abdul Rahman Bakri | BN (UMNO) | — | — | — | Disqualification (sentenced to jail) |
| Titiwangsa | Not held | Lo' Lo' Mohamad Ghazali | PAS | — | — | — | Death (cancer) |
| Batu Sapi | 4 November 2010 | Edmund Chong Ket Wah | BN (PBS) | Linda Tsen Thau Lin | | BN (PBS) | Death (motorcycle accident) |
| Sibu | 16 May 2010 | Robert Lau Hoi Chew | BN (SUPP) | Wong Ho Leng | | DAP | Death (liver cancer) |
| Hulu Selangor | 25 April 2010 | Zainal Abidin Ahmad | PKR | Kamalanathan Panchanathan | | BN (MIC) | Death (brain cancer) |
| Bukit Gantang | 7 April 2009 | Roslan Shaharum | PAS | Mohammad Nizar Jamaluddin | | PAS | Death (heart attack) |
| Kuala Terengganu | 17 January 2009 | Razali Ismail | BN (UMNO) | Mohd Abdul Wahid Endut | | PAS | Death (heart attack) |
| Permatang Pauh | 26 August 2008 | Wan Azizah Wan Ismail | PKR | Anwar Ibrahim | | PKR | Resignation to create vacancy |

## 11th Parliament (2004–08)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Party | Winner | Party | Party | Cause |
| Labis | Not held | Chua Soi Lek | | BN (MCA) | — | — | — | Resignation However, SPR did not hold a by-election. |
| Pasir Puteh | Not held | Kalthom Othman | | PAS | Che Min Che Ahmad | | BN (UMNO) | Election declared null and void. However, SPR did not hold a by-election. |

## 10th Parliament (1999–2004)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Party | Cause |
| Kangar | Not held | Abdul Hamid Pawanteh | BN (UMNO) | — | — | — | Resignation on appointment as President of Dewan Negara |
| Gaya | 12 October 2002 | Yong Teck Lee | BN (SAPP) | Liew Teck Chan | | BN (SAPP) | Disqualification (found guilty of election offences) |
| Pendang | 18 July 2002 | Fadzil Noor | PAS | Othman Abdul | | BN (UMNO) | Death (heart attack) |
| Telok Kemang | 10 June 2000 | S. A. Anpalagan | BN (MIC) | Sothinathan Sinna Goundar | | BN (MIC) | Death (heart attack) |

## 9th Parliament (1995–99)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Party | Cause |
| Permatang Pauh | Not held | Anwar Ibrahim | Independent | — | — | — | Disqualification (found guilty of sodomy and corruption) |
| Kota Melaka | Not held | Lim Guan Eng | DAP | — | — | — | Disqualification (jailed under Sedition Act) |
| Arau | 4 July 1998 | Kamarudin Ahmad | BN (UMNO) | Hashim Jasin | | PAS | Death (stroke) |
| Kuala Selangor | 29 May 1997 | Abu Hassan Omar | BN (UMNO) | Jamaluddin Adnan | | BN (UMNO) | Resignation (to contest in a Permatang by-election) |
| Telok Intan | 17 May 1997 | Ong Tin Kim | BN (Gerakan) | Kulasegaran Murugeson | | DAP | Death (cancer) |
| Lipis | (14 January 1997) | Abu Dahari Osman | BN (UMNO) | Amihamzah Ahmad | | BN (UMNO) | Death (colon cancer) |
| Bagan | 9 September 1995 | Patto Perumal | DAP | Lim Hock Seng | | DAP | Death (heart attack) |
| Gua Musang | 29 August 1995 | Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah | S46 | Tengku Razaleigh Hamzah | | S46 | Election declared null and void |
| Bukit Bintang | Not held | Wee Choo Keong | DAP | Lee Chong Meng | | BN (MCA) | Election declared null and void. However, SPR did not hold a by-election. |

## 8th Parliament (1990–95)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Party | Winner | Party | Party | Cause |
| Jerai | 4 March 1992 | Ghazali Ahmad | | BN (UMNO) | Badruddin Amiruldin | | BN (UMNO) | Death (cancer) |

## 7th Parliament (1986–90)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause |
| Bentong | 13 May 1989 | Chan Siang Sun | BN (MCA) | Lim Ah Lek | BN (MCA) | Death (heart attack) |
| Ampang Jaya | 28 January 1989 | Lim Ann Koon | BN (MCA) | Ong Tee Keat | BN (MCA) | Resignation |
| Johor Bahru | 25 August 1988 | Shahrir Abdul Samad | BN (UMNO) | Shahrir Abdul Samad | Independent | Resigned to recontest |
| Gopeng | 16 May 1987 | Tan Koon Swan | BN (MCA) | Ting Chew Peh | BN (MCA) | Resignation (Pan-Electric Industries scandal and deposit-taking co-operative scandal; imprisoned in Singapore) |
| Limbawang | 18 April 1987 | Abdul Hamid Mustapha | BN (USNO) | Mustapha Harun | BN (USNO) | Death (heart attack) |
| Lubok Antu | 4 April 1987 | Andrew Janggi Muyang | BN (PBDS) | Jawah Gerang | BN (PBDS) | Death (car accident) |

## 6th Parliament (1982–86)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause |
| Ulu Padas | 11–12 October 1985 | Harris Salleh | BN (BERJAYA) | Kadoh Agundong | PBS | Resignation |
| Padang Terap | 19 January 1985 | Syed Ahmad Syed Mahmud Shahabuddin | BN (UMNO) | Baharom Abu Bakar | BN (UMNO) | Resignation on appointment as Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Malacca |
| Seremban | 19 November 1983 | Lee San Choon | BN (MCA) | Chen Man Hin | DAP | Resignation |
| Tampin | 24 September 1983 | Mokhtar Hashim | BN (UMNO) | Omar Abdullah | BN (UMNO) | Resignation (convicted of murder) |
| Ulu Muda | 16 March 1983 | Hashim Endut | BN (UMNO) | Othman Abdul | BN (UMNO) | Resignation (found guilty of offence involving the wholesale of rice) |

## 5th Parliament (1978–82)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause |
| Sri Gading | 26 September 1981 | Hussein Onn | BN (UMNO) | Mustaffa Mohammad | BN (UMNO) | Resignation |
| Paloh | (4 May 1981) | Abdul Rahman Ya'kub | BN (PBB) | Abang Abu Bakar Abang Mustapha | BN (PBB) | Resignation (to accept the position of Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Sarawak) |
| Kimanis | (9 April 1981) | Pengiran Aliuddin Pengiran Tahir | BN (BERJAYA) | Pengiran Othman Pengiran Rauf | BN (BERJAYA) | Resignation (to contest in 1981 Sabah state election) |
| Mukah | (28 January 1980) | Salleh Jafaruddin | BN (PBB) | Edwin Esnen Unang | BN (PBB) | Resignation (to contest in Oya by-election) |
| Pelabuhan Kelang | 1 December 1979 | V. Manickavasagam | BN (MIC) | V. Govindaraj | BN (MIC) | Death (heart attack) |

## 4th Parliament (1974–78)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause |
| Pontian | 28 January 1978 | Ali Ahmad | BN (UMNO) | Ikhwan Nasir | BN (UMNO) | Death (MH653 crash) |
| Keningau | 26–30 July 1977 | Stephen Robert Evans | BN (USNO) | Harris Salleh | BN (BERJAYA) | Resignation |
| Panti | (24 February 1977) | Syed Jaafar Albar | BN (UMNO) | Saadun Muhammad Noh | BN (UMNO) | Death (stroke) |
| Kimanis | 29 January 1977 | Pengiran Tahir Pengiran Petra | BN (USNO) | Pengiran Aliuddin Pengiran Tahir | Independent | Death |
| Kemaman | 8 May 1976 | Wan Abdul Kadir Ismail | BN (UMNO) | Abdul Manan Othman | BN (UMNO) | Death |
| Pekan | (21 February 1976) | Abdul Razak Hussein | BN (UMNO) | Mohd Najib Abdul Razak | BN (UMNO) | Death (leukaemia) |
| Selayang | 14 June 1975 | Walter Loh Poh Khan | BN (MCA) | Rosemary Chow Poh Kheng | BN (MCA) | Death |

## 3rd Parliament (1971–74)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause |
| Rajang | 7–12 January 1974 | Tibuoh Rantai | SUPP | Jawan Empaling | SUPP | Death |
| Johore Timor | (8 September 1973) | Ismail Abdul Rahman | Alliance (UMNO) | Abdul Rahman Sabri | Alliance (UMNO) | Death (heart attack) |
| Kuala Kedah | 20 January 1973 | Tunku Abdul Rahman | Alliance (UMNO) | Senu Abd Rahman | Alliance (UMNO) | Resignation |
| Rembau-Tampin | 8 July 1972 | Sulaiman Mohamed Attas | Alliance (UMNO) | Mokhtar Hashim | Alliance (UMNO) | Death |
| Ulu Selangor | 3 June 1972 | Khaw Kai Boh | Alliance (MCA) | Michael Chen Wing Sum | Alliance (MCA) | Death (heart attack) |
| Lipis | 8 April 1972 | Abdul Razak Hussin | Alliance (UMNO) | Ghazali Shafie | Alliance (UMNO) | Resignation |
| Bau-Lundu | 11–14 October 1971 | Sinyium Mutit | SUPP | Joseph Valentine Cotter | SUPP | Resignation |
| Kapar | 3 April 1971 | Hamzah Alang | Alliance (UMNO) | Mohd. Tahir Abdul Manan | Alliance (UMNO) | Death |
| Malacca Selatan | 30 January 1971 | Abdul Karim Abu | Alliance (UMNO) | Ahmad Ithnin | Alliance (UMNO) | Election for Malacca Selatan federal constituency and another 40 federal constituencies in Sabah and Sarawak were postponed from the scheduled date, 10 May 1969. |

## 2nd Parliament (1964–69)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause |
| Kuantan | (11 November 1968) | Abdul Rahman Talib | Alliance (UMNO) | Mohamed Taib | Alliance (UMNO) | Death (heart attack) |
| Segamat Utara | 19 October 1968 | Abdullah Mohd Salleh | Alliance (UMNO) | Musa Hitam | Alliance (UMNO) | Death |
| Kelantan Hilir | 21 October 1967 | Ahmad Abdullah | PAS | Nik Abdul Aziz Nik Mat | PAS | Death (car accident) |
| Pasir Mas Hulu | 19 August 1967 | Abdul Samad Gul Ahmad Mianji | PAS | Tengku Zaid Tengku Ahmad | PAS | Death (murder) |
| Raub | (14 August 1967) | Hussein Hassan | Alliance (UMNO) | Hamzah Abu Samah | Alliance (UMNO) | Death |
| Bruas | 4 June 1966 | Yeoh Tat Beng | Alliance (MCA) | Chew Biow Chuon | Alliance (MCA) | Death (car accident) |
| Krian Laut | 12 March 1966 | Abdul Rauf Abdul Rahman | Alliance (UMNO) | Sulaiman Taib | Alliance (UMNO) | Death (long illness) |
| Seberang Selatan | 31 October 1964 | Mohamed Noordin Mastan | Alliance (UMNO) | Snawi Ismail | Alliance (UMNO) | Death |
| Bachok | 27 June 1964 | Zulkiflee Muhammad | PAS | Abu Bakar Hamzah | PAS | Death (car accident) |

## 1st Parliament (1959–64)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Party | Winner | Party | Party | Cause |
| Muar Selatan | 28 December 1963 | Sulaiman Abdul Rahman | | Alliance (UMNO) | Awang Hassan | | Alliance (UMNO) | Death (heart attack) |
Establishment of Malaysia Successor to Federation of Malaya, North Borneo, Sarawak, Singapore :
| Lipis | 20 October 1962 | Mohamed Sulong Mohd. Ali | Alliance (UMNO) | Abdul Razak Hussin | Alliance (UMNO) | Death |
| Kuala Trengganu Selatan | 19 March 1962 | Onn Jaafar | Parti Negara | Ismail Kassim | Alliance (UMNO) | Death (heart attack) |
| Telok Anson | 30 May 1961 | Woo Saik Hong | Alliance (MCA) | Too Joon Hing | Independent | Death |
| Kampar | 18 May 1960 | Leong Kee Nyean | Alliance (MCA) | Chan Yoon Onn | PPP | Disqualification (found guilty of election offences) |
| Kedah Tengah | 30 September 1959 | Khir Johari | Alliance (UMNO) | Khir Johari | Alliance (UMNO) | The only remaining constituency where elections have not been completed in the Malayan general election, 1959. |

## Federal Legislative Council (1955–59)

| By-election | Date | Incumbent | Party | Winner | Party | Cause |
| Batu Pahat | 14 December 1957 | S. Chelvasingam MacIntyre | Alliance (MIC) | Syed Esa Alwee | Alliance (UMNO) | Resignation on appointment as Malayan High Commissioner to India |
| Ipoh-Menglembu | 23 November 1957 | Leong Yew Koh | Alliance (MCA) | D. R. Seenivasagam | PPP | Resignation on appointment as Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Malacca |
| Sungei Perak Ulu | 26 October 1957 | Mohamed Ghazali Jawi | Alliance (UMNO) | Meor Samsudin Meor Yahya | Alliance (UMNO) | Resignation on appointment as Menteri Besar of Perak |