# Backbeat (film)

Backbeat is a 1994 independent drama film directed by Iain Softley. It chronicles the early days of The Beatles in Hamburg, West Germany. The film focuses primarily on the relationship between Stuart Sutcliffe (Stephen Dorff) and John Lennon (Ian Hart), and also with Sutcliffe's German girlfriend Astrid Kirchherr (Sheryl Lee). It has subsequently been made into a stage production.

## Plot

The film follows the Beatles through their pre-fame Hamburg days when Stuart Sutcliffe, the band's bassist, meets German photographer Astrid Kirchherr.

## Cast

* Sheryl Lee as Astrid Kirchherr
* Stephen Dorff as Stuart Sutcliffe
* Ian Hart as John Lennon
* Gary Bakewell as Paul McCartney
* Chris O'Neill as George Harrison
* Scot Williams as Pete Best
* Kai Wiesinger as Klaus Voormann
* Jennifer Ehle as Cynthia Powell
In addition, brief portrayals of other historical characters in these early days of the Beatles include Paul Duckworth as Ringo Starr, Paul Humpoletz as Bruno Koschmider, Wolf Kahler as Bert Kaempfert and James Doherty as Tony Sheridan.
Hart had already played Lennon in the 1991 film The Hours and Times. Bakewell later reprised his role as McCartney in the 2000 television film The Linda McCartney Story. Williams reprised his role as Best in the 2000 television film In His Life: The John Lennon Story.

## Production
### Writing

The original script was written by Iain Softley based on a series of 1988 interviews. After failing to secure funding, screenwriter Stephen Ward was brought in to completely rewrite the script in 1993. Ward interviewed Astrid Kirchherr and others who were close to the Beatles during their time in Hamburg. The project was green-lit that year.

### Soundtrack

Due to the film's focus on the early days of the band, the soundtrack includes no songs written by members of the Beatles but various songs the group performed in Hamburg, written and recorded by other artists. In this respect, rather than re-create the sounds of the period, iconoclastic, rebellious musicians were recruited (as a producer noted, the Beatles' pre-recording stage act was "the punk of its day") to better convey the way the music was appreciated by audiences of the time. All musicians were members of contemporary American rock bands:
* Dave Pirner (Soul Asylum): vocals (Paul McCartney)
* Greg Dulli (The Afghan Whigs): vocals (John Lennon)
* Thurston Moore (Sonic Youth): guitar
* Don Fleming (Gumball): guitar
* Mike Mills (R.E.M.): bass guitar
* Dave Grohl (Nirvana): drums
* Henry Rollins (Black Flag): vocals (Stuart Sutcliffe)
The film's distributor happened to be PolyGram Filmed Entertainment which was then under common ownership with Polydor Records, the label that owned the rights to the Beatles' music from the Hamburg days.

## Release

The film opened on one screen in the West End of London on 1 April 1994 and was planned to expand to 59 screens in the UK the following week but ended up expanding wider to 211 screens. It was given a limited theatrical release in the United States, opening on 15 April. A DVD version was released by Universal in 2005.

## Reception
### Critics

Backbeat holds a rating of 68% based on 40 reviews on Rotten Tomatoes, the review aggregator site. The site's consensus states, "Its overly pretentious and melodramatic leanings notwithstanding, Backbeat explores the beginnings of the Fab Four with striking authenticity, soaring rock 'n' roll verve, and a strong admiration for its subjects."
Peter Travers of Rolling Stone liked how the film captured the early 60s period through its visual style and use of music. Film critic Roger Ebert gave the film two out of four stars; although he thought the "dialogue has real wit", he felt the film is "never able to convince us there's a story there".

### The Beatles and others

At the time of the film's release, Paul McCartney commented:
   One of my annoyances about the film Backbeat is that they've actually taken my rock 'n' rollness off me. They give John the song "Long Tall Sally" to sing and he never sang it in his life. But now it's set in cement. It's like the Buddy Holly and Glenn Miller stories. The Buddy Holly Story does not even mention Norman Petty, and The Glenn Miller Story is a sugarcoated version of his life. Now Backbeat has done the same thing to the story of the Beatles. I was quite taken, however, with Stephen Dorff's astonishing performance as Stu.
Astrid Kirchherr praised the accuracy and detail of her relationship with Sutcliffe and the Beatles. The film received further positive responses from Julian Lennon, Pete Best, and Sutcliffe's sister, Pauline, who said, "I still think the director did a fabulous job. It's a good movie. If you like movies, it's a great movie."

### Box office

The film grossed £25,912 in its opening weekend from one screen in London, finishing in seventh place at the London box office. It expanded to 211 screens in the UK the following week and grossed £433,669, finishing in fourth place at the UK box office. It went on to gross £1,870,001 ($3 million) in the United Kingdom. In the United States, it opened in 10 theatres and grossed $126,740 in its opening weekend. The following weekend it expanded to 209 theatres and moved up to 18th place at the US box office with a gross of $617,993. It went on to gross $2.4 million in the United States and Canada. In its opening week in Australia, it grossed $136,000 from 50 screens.

## Stage adaptions

The film's original writer and director, Iain Softley, turned the screenplay of Backbeat into a theatrical production. It premiered at Glasgow's Citizens' Theatre on 9 February 2010 featuring a live band. In 2011 another stage version opened at the Duke of York's Theatre in London.