# Gillian Anderson

Gillian Leigh Anderson OBE (/ˈdʒɪliən/ JIL-ee-ən; born August 9, 1968) is an American actress, writer, and activist. She is best known for her roles as FBI Special Agent Dana Scully in the sci-fi series The X-Files (1993–2002; 2016–2018), Lily Bart in the drama film The House of Mirth (2000), DSI Stella Gibson in the BBC/RTÉ crime drama series The Fall (2013–2016), Jean Milburn in the Netflix comedy drama series Sex Education (2019–2023), and Margaret Thatcher in the fourth season of the Netflix drama series The Crown (2020). Among other honors, she has won two Primetime Emmy Awards, two Golden Globe Awards, and four Screen Actors Guild Awards.
Born in Chicago, Anderson was raised first in London and then Grand Rapids, Michigan, later starting her career onstage in New York City before achieving international recognition for her work on The X-Files. Her film work includes the dramas The Mighty Celt (2005), The Last King of Scotland (2006), Shadow Dancer (2012), and Viceroy's House (2017), as well as the X-Files films Fight the Future (1998) and I Want to Believe (2008). Her television credits include Lady Dedlock in Bleak House (2005), Wallis Simpson in Any Human Heart (2010), Miss Havisham in Great Expectations (2011), Dr. Bedelia Du Maurier on Hannibal (2013–2015), Media in the first season of American Gods (2017), and Eleanor Roosevelt on The First Lady (2022).
Anderson has also received awards and acclaim for her stage work, which includes Absent Friends (1991), for which she won a Theatre World Award for Best Newcomer; A Doll's House (2009), for which she was nominated for a Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress; Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire (2014 and 2016), for which she won the Evening Standard Theatre Award for Best Actress and received a second Laurence Olivier Award nomination; and All About Eve (2019), for which she received a third Laurence Olivier Award nomination.
Anderson has supported numerous charities and humanitarian organizations, being an honorary spokesperson for the Neurofibromatosis Network and a co-founder of South African Youth Education for Sustainability (SAYes). She has lived in London since 2002 and was appointed an honorary Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 2016 for her services to drama.

## Early life

Gillian Leigh Anderson was born in Chicago on August 9, 1968, the daughter of computer analyst and neurofibromatosis support group leader Rosemary "Posie" Alyce (née Lane) and film editing company owner Homer Edward "Ed" Anderson III. Soon after her birth, her parents moved to Puerto Rico for 15 months before relocating to the United Kingdom so her father could attend the London Film School in London. She lived in Crouch End and Harringay, and attended Coleridge Primary School. When she was 11 years old, her family returned to the US and settled in Grand Rapids, Michigan, maintaining an apartment in London and spending their summers there. Having always intended to return to London, she later moved there in 2002. In Grand Rapids, she attended Fountain Elementary and City High-Middle School. She later said of her time there, "We were in a small Republican town. There were only six punks there. We were weird. It's not like London."
Anderson is the eldest of three siblings. Her brother Aaron, who was diagnosed with neurofibromatosis, died in 2011 of a brain tumor at the age of 30. He was a DJ, mentor, and practicing Buddhist, and was in his second year of a PhD program in developmental psychology at Stanford University when he was diagnosed with glioblastoma in 2008. Her sister Zoe is a ceramicist, whom she has called "an exceptional artist". Anderson went through a rebellious stage as a teenager in Grand Rapids, taking drugs, dating a much older boyfriend, and cultivating a punk appearance (dying her hair various colors, shaving the sides of her head, sporting a nose piercing and an all-black wardrobe). She was put in therapy at the age of 14. She listened to bands like Dead Kennedys and Skinny Puppy. She was voted by her classmates as "class clown", "most bizarre girl", and "most likely to be arrested". She was indeed arrested on graduation night for breaking into her high school in an attempt to glue the locks of the doors shut. She later managed to reduce the charges from breaking and entering to trespassing.
Anderson was interested in marine biology at an early age, but later became more interested in theatre and began acting in high school productions during her first year and later in community theatre. She also served as a student intern at the Grand Rapids Civic Theatre & School of Theatre Arts. After graduating from high school in 1986, she returned to her birthplace of Chicago to attend The Theatre School at DePaul University, where she earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts in 1990. She also participated in the American National Theater and Academy's summer program at Cornell University. To support herself financially during her student years, she worked at the Goose Island Brewery in Chicago. After she became famous, the brewery named one of their Belgian-style farmhouse ales "Gillian".

## Career
### 1990s

Anderson moved to New York City at the age of 22 and worked as a waitress to support herself. She began her career in Alan Ayckbourn's play Absent Friends at the Manhattan Theatre Club alongside Brenda Blethyn; for her role she won the 1990–91 Theatre World Award for "Best Newcomer". Her next theatrical role was in Christopher Hampton's The Philanthropist at the Long Wharf Theatre in New Haven, Connecticut.
Anderson moved to Los Angeles in 1992 and spent a year auditioning. The same year, she appeared in her first feature-length film, The Turning, starring Karen Allen and Tess Harper. The film drama is an adaptation of the play Home Fires Burning.
Although she had once vowed she would never do television work, being out of work for a year changed her mindset. Anderson recalled: "First of all, I swore I'd never move to Los Angeles, and once I did, I swore I'd never do television. It was only after being out of work for almost a year that I began going in [to auditions] on some stuff that I would pray that I wouldn't get because I didn't want to be involved in it." She broke into mainstream television in 1993 with a guest appearance on the collegiate drama, Class of '96, on the fledgling Fox Network.
As a result of this guest appearance, Anderson was sent the script for The X-Files. She was 24 when she decided to audition because, "for the first time in a long time, the script involved a strong, independent, intelligent woman as a lead character." Producer Chris Carter wanted to hire her, but Fox wanted someone with previous television exposure and greater sex appeal. Fox sent in more actresses, but Carter stood by Anderson, and she was eventually cast as FBI Special Agent Dana Scully. Filmed for the first five seasons in Vancouver, British Columbia, before moving to Los Angeles, the series ran for nine seasons. Two related films were also produced, released in 1998 and 2008. During her time on The X-Files, Anderson won numerous awards for her portrayal of Special Agent Scully, including an Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series, a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Television Series Drama, two Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series and a Saturn Award for Best Actress on Television. Anderson is the first actress to win an Emmy, a Golden Globe, and a SAG Award in the same year. For the role, she received a total of four Emmy nominations, four Golden Globe nominations and nine SAG nominations.
   We got a lot of letters all the time, and I was told quite frequently by girls who were going into the medical world or the science world or the FBI world or other worlds that I reigned, that they were pursuing those pursuits because of the character of Scully. And I said, 'Yay!'
Anderson was the first woman to write and direct an episode of The X-Files ("all things"). During its run – between the fifth and sixth seasons – Anderson co-starred in The X-Files: Fight the Future, a 1998 film that continued The X-Files storyline. Anderson also provided the voice for a parody of her Scully character in "The Springfield Files", an episode of the animated comedy television series The Simpsons. While filming The X-Files, she met assistant art director Clyde Klotz, who became her first husband. Anderson's character on The X-Files initiated a phenomenon referred to as "The Scully Effect"; as the medical doctor and the FBI Special Agent inspired many young women to pursue careers in science, medicine, and law enforcement. It contributed to the increase in the number of women in those fields. "The Scully Effect" remains a subject of academic inquiry.
In 1996, Anderson narrated the television documentaries Spies Above and Why Planes Go Down. While hosting the BBC documentary series Future Fantastic, she became impressed by the theme music of the show, by the electronic duo Hal and initiated a collaboration with them. In 1997, Anderson provided spoken word vocals and starred in the music video for their single "Extremis", which was frequently aired on MTV. She also helped to assemble an album of electronic music, Future: A Journey Through The Electronic Underground, for Virgin Records, which won praise from European music critics.
In 1997, Anderson appeared in the independent film Chicago Cab. In 1998, she starred in the film Playing by Heart. Anderson also had a supporting role in the film The Mighty. In 1999, Anderson had a supporting role in the English-language release of Hayao Miyazaki's Princess Mononoke, where she voiced the character of Moro. Anderson is a fan of Studio Ghibli and Miyazaki's work. She also took part in Eve Ensler's The Vagina Monologues.

### 2000s

In 2000, Anderson starred in the film The House of Mirth with Eric Stoltz – Terence Davies' adaptation of the Edith Wharton novel of the same name – for which she won critical acclaim and awards such as the British Independent Film Award for Best Actress, Village Voice Film Poll Best Lead Performance, and a nomination for the National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress.
When The X-Files ended in 2002, she moved back to London for a change of pace and the opportunity to return to the stage. In 2002, Anderson made her West End debut in Michael Weller's play What The Night Is For at the Comedy Theatre. In 2004, Anderson starred in the Royal Court Theatre's production of Rebecca Gilman's play The Sweetest Swing in Baseball, as artist Dana Fielding who assumes the personality of the troubled baseball player Darryl Strawberry – a role for which she earned rave reviews.
In 2005, she appeared as Lady Dedlock in the BBC adaptation of Charles Dickens' novel Bleak House. She had a starring role in the Irish film The Mighty Celt, for which she won an IFTA award for Best International Actress. The same year she also appeared in A Cock and Bull Story with Steve Coogan and Rob Brydon – a film version of the novel Tristram Shandy. In 2006, Anderson won the Broadcasting Press Guild Television and Radio Award for Best Actress for her role in Bleak House. She was nominated for a British Academy Television Award (BAFTA) for Best Actress, she also received an Emmy nomination for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or Movie, a nomination for a Golden Globe, a Satellite Award nomination, and came in second place in the Best Actress category of the 2005 BBC Drama website poll for her portrayal of Lady Dedlock in the adaptation.
During 2006 and 2007, Anderson appeared in two British films: The Last King of Scotland (2006) and Straightheads (2007). In 2008, Anderson hosted Masterpiece Theatre during the Jane Austen series; she was the first woman to host the series since it began in 1971. The same year, Anderson starred in the second The X-Files film, The X-Files: I Want to Believe and appeared alongside Simon Pegg in the British comedy film How to Lose Friends & Alienate People. In 2009, she starred in the British comedy film Boogie Woogie with Alan Cumming, Danny Huston and Stellan Skarsgård.
She portrayed Nora in Henrik Ibsen's A Doll's House at the Donmar Warehouse in London's West End during a limited engagement which ran from May 14, 2009, until July 18, 2009. Anderson received a nomination for the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress, for productions which opened in the 2009 calendar year, for her portrayal of Nora.

### 2010s

In November 2010, Anderson portrayed Wallis, Duchess of Windsor in Any Human Heart – a television adaptation of William Boyd's novel of the same name, for which she was nominated for a BAFTA for Best Supporting Actress on Television. In April 2011, she starred in the BBC adaptation The Crimson Petal and the White as Mrs. Castaway, for which she was nominated for the Broadcasting Press Guild Award for Best Actress. In August 2011, she appeared in the television miniseries Moby Dick based on Herman Melville's novel Moby-Dick (1851), as Elisabeth, Ahab's wife. The same year, Anderson appeared as the head of MI7, Pamela Thornton, in the British comedy Johnny English Reborn. She starred as Miss Havisham in a three-part BBC adaptation of Great Expectations that aired in late December 2011. For her portrayal in the adaptation she won the Artistic Excellence Award, was nominated for the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Actress in a Movie/Miniseries and for the Broadcasting Press Guild Award for Best Actress.
In 2012, Anderson appeared in a Swiss drama film, Sister, and in Shadow Dancer – a British-Irish drama film based on the novel of the same name, about the Irish republican movement. Anderson voiced the character of Dr. Miki Hokuto in the English-language version of Studio Ghibli's From Up on Poppy Hill, which was released in March 2013. The same year, she starred in the Canadian techno-thriller I'll Follow You Down and appeared in Mr. Morgan's Last Love with Michael Caine.
In May 2013, Anderson began starring as DSI Stella Gibson in The Fall, a critically acclaimed crime drama series for BBC Two and RTÉ One. Anderson was praised for her portrayal of the cool, self-assured Gibson, and was nominated for several awards. She also became an executive producer for the programme from its second series. Between 2013 and 2015, Anderson played Dr. Bedelia Du Maurier, Hannibal Lecter's psychiatrist, on the NBC series Hannibal. In 2014, Anderson was promoted from a recurring character during the first two seasons, to a series regular for the third season. In 2014, Anderson starred in the British independent science fiction film Robot Overlords alongside Sir Ben Kingsley. That year, she also appeared in Jeffrey D. Brown's drama Sold, portraying Sophia, a character based on the humanitarian photographer Lisa Kristine. The film presents the issues of child trafficking and sexual slavery in India, and is based on Patricia McCormick's novel of the same name.
In July 2014, Anderson gained critical acclaim for her stage performance as Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams at the Young Vic Theatre in London. She won the Evening Standard Theatre Award for Best Actress and received her second Laurence Olivier Award nomination for Best Actress. The production became the fastest-selling show in the theatre's history, and the run was extended by two weeks due to the demand for tickets. In the first collaboration between the Young Vic Theatre and National Theatre Live, the show was broadcast live to over 1100 venues on September 16, 2014. Thus far, it has been screened in more than 2000 venues. In February 2015, Anderson directed and starred in a short film prequel to A Streetcar Named Desire, titled The Departure, written by novelist Andrew O'Hagan. This is part of the Young Vic's short film series, which is produced in collaboration with The Guardian.
In October 2014, Anderson published her first book, A Vision of Fire, co-authored with Jeff Rovin. The book is the first novel of what has developed as The Earthend Saga trilogy. The publisher describes it as "a science fiction thriller of epic proportions". In December 2015, Anderson and Rovin published their second novel of the trilogy, A Dream of Ice. In January 2016, Anderson portrayed Anna Pavlovna Scherer in BBC One's television adaptation War & Peace. The same month, she returned to portray FBI Special Agent Dana Scully in the six-episode tenth season of The X-Files. Anderson has fought and succeeded in securing equal pay with her male co-star on The X-Files in the '90s and again in 2015, when negotiating her salary with the network. She has always been outspoken about her struggle for equal pay in the role.
From April 23, 2016, through June 4, 2016, Anderson reprised her role of Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire on stage at the new St. Ann's Warehouse in Brooklyn, New York City. On September 13, 2016, Anderson and Rovin published The Sound of Seas; their third and final novel of The EarthEnd Saga trilogy. The same month, she returned to portraying DSU Stella Gibson in the third series of The Fall. Anderson is the narrator of the English dub of Ronja the Robber's Daughter – Studio Ghibli's anime, which began streaming on Amazon Prime in January 2017. In February 2017, Anderson portrayed Edwina Mountbatten in Gurinder Chadha's Partition drama film Viceroy's House (2017).
On March 7, 2017, Anderson and the journalist-activist Jennifer Nadel published their self-help guide book for women, titled WE: A Manifesto for Women Everywhere. Anderson stated that the book is a "call-out to all women around the world – and by women I include girls, transgender, anyone who identifies themselves as being intrinsically female." In April 2017, she played goddess Media in the first season of American Gods – a television series adaptation of Neil Gaiman's science fiction novel of the same name. Following the departure as showrunners of the show's creators, Bryan Fuller and Michael Green, Anderson stated she would not return to the show. In October 2017, Anderson appeared alongside Glenn Close and Christina Hendricks in Crooked House – a film adaptation of Agatha Christie's novel of the same name. In January 2018, she was back playing FBI Special Agent Dana Scully in the eleventh season of The X-Files. In January 2018, she confirmed that she would be leaving The X-Files after the end of the season. Anderson is set to portray the role of Captain MacLaren in Star Citizen's single-player component Squadron 42. In January 2019, she began playing Jean Milburn in the Netflix dramedy Sex Education.
From February 2, 2019, through May 11, 2019, Anderson portrayed Margo Channing in a stage production of All About Eve at the Noël Coward Theatre for which she received her third Laurence Olivier Award nomination. On September 7, 2019, it was announced that she would portray former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher in the fourth season of the Netflix historical drama series The Crown. Anderson is the second American actress (after Meryl Streep in The Iron Lady) to portray Thatcher in a major production. In a statement, Anderson said: "I am so excited to be joining the cast and crew of The Crown and to have the opportunity to portray such a complicated and controversial woman. Thatcher was undoubtedly formidable, but I am relishing exploring beneath the surface and, dare I say, falling in love with the icon who, whether loved or despised, defined an era." Anderson's performance received universal acclaim and earned her the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series, the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film, the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Drama Series and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series. She was also a part of the ensemble cast that won the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series.

### 2020s

In February 2021, Anderson started filming White Bird. It was initially scheduled to be released on September 16, 2022, but after several delays was rescheduled for October 2024. In November 2021 Anderson voiced the cat in Robin Robin, a stop-motion short Christmas film about a bird raised by mice who is questioning where she belongs. Robin Robin was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film. In December 2021, she played Joanna, mother to Catherine the Great in season two of Hulu's The Great.
In February 2022, Anderson launched her first audio show titled What Do I Know?! on Curio. The fortnightly podcast explores "deeply human stories of social challenges, sexual liberation, phenomenal women". In March 2022, it was announced that Anderson had signed a first look deal with Netflix. It is a two-year deal with her company, Fiddlehead Productions. In April of the same year, she portrayed Eleanor Roosevelt in the TV series The First Lady on Showtime. The series was cancelled after the one season. Released in theatres in December 2022 and on Netflix in 2023, Anderson starred in director Scott Cooper's The Pale Blue Eye alongside Christian Bale.
In February 2023, Anderson announced her "Dear Gillian" project with Bloomsbury, where she asked for women to write letters to her personally about sexual fantasies and stories that she will turn into a book. The book, "Want" was released in September of 2024. On February 7, 2023, Netflix announced that Anderson had been cast as Emily Maitlis in Scoop, a film about Prince Andrew's 2019 Newsnight interview. The film was released in April of 2024. In April 2023, Anderson launched G Spot Beverages. The beverages are soft drinks with "life-enhancing adaptogens and nootropics". On May 16, it was announced that Anderson would star in the film adaptation of Raynor Winn’s bestselling memoir The Salt Path alongside Jason Isaacs which would be directed by Marianne Elliott. In June of 2023, Anderson signed on to Netflix's ‘The Abandons’. Filming was due to take place in late 2023 but was pushed back till 2024 due to the sag writers strike and is set for release in 2025.
In January 2024, Anderson joined the cast of Disney's Tron: Ares. In August 2024, Anderson signed on to the adaptation of Louise Kennedy’s Trespasses. In an interview with Bustle in October of 2024, Anderson announced she would be co-producing the adaptation of The Coast Road by Alan Murrin.

## Personal life
### Relationships and children

Anderson met Canadian art director Clyde Klotz when they worked together on The X-Files, and they were married in a Buddhist ceremony in Hawaii on January 1, 1994. Their daughter was born on September 25, 1994. The X-Files creator and showrunner Chris Carter named the episode "Piper Maru" after the couple's daughter. The two divorced in 1997. On December 29, 2004, Anderson married Kenyan-born documentary filmmaker Julian Ozanne on Lamu Island. They separated in 2006 and divorced in 2007. Anderson began dating British businessman Mark Griffiths in 2006, and they had two sons together, born in 2006 and 2008, before splitting up in 2012.
In March 2012, Anderson revealed to Out magazine that she had a long-term relationship with a girl while in high school. She also told CBS News that she had dated other women, though most of her relationships had been with men. In December 2014, she described herself to the London Evening Standard as "an actively heterosexual woman who celebrates however people want to express their sexuality". She reiterated this in an interview with The Hollywood Reporter the following month. In an interview with The Daily Telegraph in March 2015, she said she was open to the idea of entering another same-sex relationship: "To me a relationship is about loving another human being; their gender is irrelevant." She told The Times in February 2018, "I could be with a woman next year [...] It's just who I am. I have absolutely no issue with it whatsoever, and I don't really care if other people have an issue with it." On Watch What Happens with Andy Cohen, she said that the last time she had been with a woman was when she moved to New York City right after college.
Anderson resides with her three children in London, where she has lived since 2002. She has been in a relationship with British screenwriter Peter Morgan since 2016 apart from a short break in 2020.

### Hobbies and interests

Due to her upbringing in both the United States and the United Kingdom, Anderson is bidialectal and can easily switch between an American or British accent depending on the situation. Her American accent is Midwestern as she adopted it after being teased by schoolmates for her British accent as a teenager in Grand Rapids, Michigan, while her British accent is a soft Received Pronunciation one due to her childhood in London. During an interview with BlogTalkRadio in May 2013, she discussed her national identity: "I've been asked whether I feel more like a Brit than an American and I don't know what the answer to that question is. I know that I feel that London is home and I'm very happy with that as my home. I love London as a city and I feel very comfortable there. In terms of identity, I'm still a bit baffled." In a September 2024 interview with the BBC, Anderson elaborated further stating: "My cells are American, but my soul is British".
An avid art collector, Anderson used her first paycheck from The X-Files to purchase a David Blackburn lithograph. Her collection includes work by artists such as Diane Arbus, Helen Levitt, Cindy Sherman, Francesco Clemente, Alexis Rockman, and Kiki Smith. She also enjoys architecture and interior design, and periodically works on floor and house planning projects. She has expressed a desire to pursue mixed media ventures in the future.
Anderson is a feminist. She told Glamour magazine in August 2014, "I have feminist bones and when I hear things or see people react to women in certain ways I have very little tolerance." She has several tattoos, all of them, as she described, are in some way about "peace of mind, right mind, right action". She practices meditation daily. She owned an estate in Sri Lanka from 2005 to 2012 that formerly belonged to painter Justin Deraniyagala. She is teetotal and launched the soft drink company G-Spot in 2023.

## Activism and charity work

Anderson has been active in supporting numerous charity organizations and social causes, as well as running her own humanitarian ventures. She supports The Trevor Project organization, focused on suicide prevention efforts among LGBTQ youth and attended three of the Trevor Project's "Cracked X-Mas" events to benefit the organization. In 2013, Anderson was made a patron of the Charles Dickens Statue Fund, and was instrumental in securing the funding for UK's first Dickens statue, located in Portsmouth, Hampshire. In June 2016 she became a patron of the Temple Legal Centre, a London-based organization that assists people through the legal process by providing them free family law advice and support.
In June 2016, Anderson expressed her opposition to Brexit in the lead-up to the referendum on that issue. In January 2018, she was given a City Lit Lifetime Fellowship Award by the adult education college City Literary Institute. In 2020, she narrated a Marks & Spencer Christmas commercial in the UK which also served as a charity initiative, highlighting the work of and offering donations to charities chosen by Anderson and other acting talents. The Felix Project, Southall Black Sisters, and Blueprint for All were her chosen charities.

### Neurofibromatosis

Anderson is an honorary spokesperson for the Neurofibromatosis Network. She often holds auctions with the profits benefiting the Neurofibromatosis Network. Her brother Aaron died from Neurofibromatosis type I in 2011. In May 1996, Anderson addressed the United States Congress urging for more education and funding for neurofibromatosis research projects. She partners with Doodle 4 NF – an annual fundraiser for the Neurofibromatosis Network. She also supported the Children with Tumours organization and the Global Genes movement, which is devoted to helping children with neurofibromatosis.

### Africa and SAYes

In 2008, Anderson co-founded South African Youth Education for Sustainability (SAYes), which helps in empowering marginalised young people in South Africa through youth mentoring. The nonprofit organization provides youth leaving children's homes with guidance that enables them to develop their skills, further their education, and source suitable housing in order to participate in society as independent adults.
While filming The Last King of Scotland in 2005, Anderson started a crowdfunding venture that benefited the Alinyiikira Junior School in Kampala, Uganda. She ran the philanthropic project until 2011. Anderson is a member of the board of directors for Artists for a New South Africa and a campaigner for ACTSA: Action for Southern Africa. She was a patron of the Friends of Treatment Action Campaign (FoTAC) which worked with the Treatment Action Campaign in South Africa to ensure greater access to treatment to reduce the effects of HIV and prevent new infections. Anderson also supported Buskaid – a charitable trust aiming to help young black musicians in South Africa.

### Women's rights

Anderson is a supporter of various women's organizations and social movements. She has been a long-time supporter of the Feminist Majority Foundation. In 1996, Anderson became the Feminist Majority Foundation's spokesperson and participated as a team leader in the Feminist Majority Foundation's Million4Roe campaign. In March 1999, she attended a Feminist Majority Foundation event to stop gender apartheid in Afghanistan and in April 2002, she appeared on Hollywood Squares to benefit the Feminist Majority Foundation's campaign to aid Afghan women and girls. Anderson participated in Eve Ensler's Vagina Monologues, including a stage performance on February 14, 1999. Anderson is a supporter of Ensler's V-Day movement aiming to end violence against women and girls.
Anderson is an advocate for reproductive rights. In 2001, she emceed the Rock for Choice concert fundraiser, featuring musicians Sarah McLachlan, Paula Cole, and Melissa Etheridge as well as actresses Helen Hunt, Ellen DeGeneres, Portia de Rossi, and Kathy Najimy. The concert supported reproductive options for unplanned pregnancies, including the morning-after pill. For International Women's Day 2014, Anderson was one of the artist signatories of Amnesty International's letter to UK Prime Minister David Cameron campaigning for women's rights in Afghanistan. In March 2015, Anderson backed the Women at the Well drop-in centre for vulnerable women in London, which is supported financially by Comic Relief. Anderson supports the Refuge, a United Kingdom charity providing specialist support for women and children experiencing domestic violence. For International Women's Day 2016, Anderson was one of the high-profile women that signed Burma Campaign UK's pledge to end and investigate crimes of sexual violence against girls and women in Myanmar. Anderson is a speaker for Thomson Reuters Foundation's Trust Women Conference.

### Children's rights

Anderson is a patron of Childreach International, a London-based charity that works in partnership with local communities in the developing world to secure children's basic rights; she addressed the problem of child trafficking during the press for the Sold film that presents the issue. Anderson also supports their Taught Not Trafficked campaign that was launched in July 2014. In 2015, Anderson became a patron of the International Literacy Centre (ILC) – European home of Reading Recovery. In January 2016 she helped launch ILC's Reading Recovery Read Aloud campaign. During February and March 2016, Anderson held an internet charity auction benefiting Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH) children's hospital in the Bloomsbury area of London. In March 2016, it was reported that Anderson is one of the artists sponsoring an unaccompanied refugee minor in the "Jungle" camp in Calais. In July 2017, Anderson was awarded a UCL Honorary Fellowship for her support of the International Literacy Centre's Reading Recovery program.

### Indigenous rights

In late 2010, Anderson and other artists joined a campaign to boycott Botswana diamonds over the government's treatment of the Kalahari San. Anderson supports tribal rights charity Survival International, an organization that champions tribal peoples around the world and in early 2010 she participated in a performance in a London stage fundraiser for its cause. In February 2011, Anderson narrated a short film about recent footage of an uncontacted tribe, in which the Amazon Indians were spotted from the air on the Brazil-Peru border. Anderson has said: "What comes across powerfully from this amazing footage is how healthy and confident these people appear. I hope they can be left alone – but that will only happen if the loggers are stopped." In June 2011, Anderson became an ambassador for Survival International. In September 2015, Anderson was among the artists who signed a letter calling for a new approach to conservation that would respect tribal peoples' rights.

### Animals rights and environmental advocacy

In 2012, Anderson joined Greenpeace in standing with the people of Brazil for a zero-deforestation law to save the Amazon. In 2013, she backed the Cheetah Conservation Fund by creating a short film together with the fund, advocating CCF's action to prevent the extinction of the cheetah. In 2013, she joined the Fishlove campaign, supporting the fight against unsustainable fishing practices that harm the marine ecosystem. In November 2015, Anderson was named a friend and supporter of Positive Luxury, a company that informs consumers on brands' commitment to quality, craftsmanship, service and sustainability.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1986 | Three at Once | Woman 1 | Short film |
| 1988 | A Matter of Choice | Young pregnant woman | Short film |
| 1992 | The Turning | April Cavanaugh | |
| 1997 | Chicago Cab | Southside Girl or Brenda | |
| 1998 | The X-Files | Dana Scully | |
| 1998 | The Mighty | Loretta Lee | |
| 1998 | Playing by Heart | Meredith | |
| 1999 | Princess Mononoke | Moro (voice) | English dub |
| 2000 | The House of Mirth | Lily Bart | |
| 2005 | The Mighty Celt | Kate Morrison | |
| 2005 | A Cock and Bull Story | Herself/Widow Wadman | |
| 2006 | The Last King of Scotland | Sarah Merrit | |
| 2007 | Straightheads | Alice Comfort | |
| 2008 | The X-Files: I Want to Believe | Dana Scully | |
| 2008 | How to Lose Friends & Alienate People | Eleanor Johnson | |
| 2009 | Boogie Woogie | Jean Maclestone | |
| 2010 | No Pressure | Herself | Short film |
| 2011 | Johnny English Reborn | Pamela "Pegasus" Thornton | |
| 2012 | Sister | Kristin Jansen | |
| 2012 | Shadow Dancer | Kate Fletcher | |
| 2012 | Room on the Broom | Witch (voice) | Short film |
| 2013 | Mr. Morgan's Last Love | Karen Morgan | |
| 2013 | From Up on Poppy Hill | Dr. Miki Hokuto (voice) | English dub |
| 2013 | I'll Follow You Down | Marika Whyte | |
| 2014 | Sold | Sophia | |
| 2014 | Robot Overlords | Kate Flynn | |
| 2014 | The Departure | Blanche DuBois | Short film; also director |
| 2017 | Viceroy's House | Edwina Mountbatten | |
| 2017 | The Artist's Garden: American Impressionism | Narrator (voice) | Documentary |
| 2017 | Crooked House | Magda West | |
| 2018 | The Spy Who Dumped Me | Wendy | |
| 2018 | UFO | Professor Rebecca Hendricks | |
| 2018 | This Changes Everything | Herself | Documentary |
| 2019 | The Sunlit Night | Olyana Gregoriov | |
| 2021 | Robin Robin | The Cat (voice) | Short film |
| 2022 | The Pale Blue Eye | Mrs. Julia Marquis | |
| 2024 | White Bird | Vivienne Beaumier | |
| 2024 | Scoop | Emily Maitlis | |
| 2024 | The Salt Path | Raynor Winn | |
| 2025 | Tron: Ares † | TBA | Post-production |
| TBA | Animals † | TBA | Filming |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1993 | Class of '96 | Rachel | Episode: "The Accused" |
| 1993–2002; 2016–2018 | The X-Files | Dana Scully | Main role; also writer/director of "all things" |
| 1995 | Eek! the Cat | Agent Scully (voice) | Episode: "Eek Space 9" |
| 1996 | ReBoot | Data Nully (voice) | Episode: "Trust No One" |
| 1996 | Why Planes Go Down | Narrator | Documentary |
| 1996 | Spies Above | Narrator | Documentary |
| 1996 | Future Fantastic | Narrator | Main role |
| 1996–2002 | Hollywood Squares | Herself | 5 episodes |
| 1997 | The Simpsons | Dana Scully (voice) | Episode: "The Springfield Files" |
| 1999 | Frasier | Jenny (voice) | Episode: "Dr. Nora" |
| 1999 | Harsh Realm | Narrator | Uncredited; episode: "Pilot" |
| 2005 | Bleak House | Lady Honoria Dedlock | Main role |
| 2007 | Robbie the Reindeer | Queen Vorkana (voice) | Episode: "Close Encounters of the Herd Kind" |
| 2008 | Masterpiece | Herself | Episode: "Sense and Sensibility" |
| 2010 | Any Human Heart | Wallis, Duchess of Windsor | 3 episodes |
| 2011 | The Crimson Petal and the White | Mrs. Castaway | 2 episodes |
| 2011 | Moby Dick | Elizabeth | 2 episodes |
| 2011 | Great Expectations | Miss Havisham | 3 episodes |
| 2013–2015 | Hannibal | Bedelia Du Maurier | Recurring role (seasons 1–2); main role (season 3) |
| 2013–2016 | The Fall | Stella Gibson | Main role; also executive producer |
| 2014 | Crisis | Meg Fitch | Main role |
| 2014 | Robot Chicken | Fairy Godmother/Fiona (voice) | Episode: "Up, Up, and Buffet" |
| 2014 | National Theatre Live | Blanche DuBois | Episode: "A Streetcar Named Desire" |
| 2015 | The Widowmaker | Narrator | Documentary |
| 2015 | Top Gear | Herself | Special guest; 1 episode |
| 2016 | War & Peace | Anna Pavlovna Scherer | 4 episodes |
| 2017 | Ronja the Robber's Daughter | Narrator | Main role |
| 2017 | American Gods | Media | 4 episodes |
| 2019–2023 | Sex Education | Jean Milburn | Main role |
| 2020 | The Crown | Margaret Thatcher | Main role (season 4) |
| 2021 | The Great | Joanna of Holstein-Gottorp | 2 episodes |
| 2022 | The First Lady | Eleanor Roosevelt | Main role |
| TBA | The Abandons | Constance Van Ness | Main role |
| TBA | Trespasses | Gina | Miniseries |

### Video games

| Year | Title | Role |
| 1996 | Hellbender | E.V.E. (Enhanced Virtual Entity) |
| 1998 | The X-Files Game | Dana Scully |
| 2004 | The X-Files: Resist or Serve | Dana Scully |
| TBD | Squadron 42 | Captain Rachel MacLaren |

### Music videos

| Year | Song title | Artist | Director |
| 1997 | "Extremis" | Hal featuring Gillian Anderson | David McNabb |

## Stage

| Year | Title | Role | Venue |
| 1983 | Arsenic and Old Lace | Officer Brophy | City High School, Grand Rapids, Michigan |
| 1990 | A Flea in Her Ear | Eugenie | The Theatre School, DePaul University, Chicago, Illinois |
| 1991 | Absent Friends | Evelyn | Manhattan Theatre Club, New York |
| 1992 | The Philanthropist | Celia | Long Wharf Theatre, New Haven, Connecticut |
| 1999–2000 | The Vagina Monologues | — | Los Angeles & London |
| 2002–2003 | What The Night Is For | Melinda Metz | Comedy Theatre, London |
| 2004 | The Sweetest Swing in Baseball | Dana Fielding | Royal Court Theatre, London |
| 2009 | A Doll's House | Nora Vaughan | Donmar Warehouse, London |
| 2010 | We Are One: A celebration of tribal peoples | — | Apollo Theatre, London |
| 2013 | Letters Live | — | The Tabernacle, Notting Hill, London |
| 2014 | A Streetcar Named Desire | Blanche DuBois | Young Vic, London |
| 2016 | Letters Live | — | Freemasons' Hall, London |
| 2016 | A Streetcar Named Desire | Blanche DuBois | St. Ann's Warehouse, New York City |
| 2016 | Letters Live | — | Freemasons' Hall, London |
| 2019 | All About Eve | Margo Channing | Noël Coward Theatre |

### Radio

| Year | Title | Role | Channel |
| 2007 | 84, Charing Cross Road | Helene Hanff | BBC Radio 4 |

### Voice work

* Narrator of Anne Rice's novel Exit to Eden (1992).
* Narrator of The X-Files: Ground Zero (1997).
* Narrator of "The Guardian of the Pool: A Story from Nelson Mandela's Favorite African Folktales" (2009).
* Narrated the story "Reversal" from David Eagleman's speculative fiction book Sum: Forty Tales from the Afterlives (2010).
* Narrated Charlotte Brontë's lost story "L'Ingratitude" for London Review of Books's podcast (2012).
* Narrator of Roald Dahl's short story "The Last Act", which is included in the Switch Bitch collection (2012).
* Narrated the audiobooks of her novel trilogy The Earthend Saga: A Vision of Fire (2014), A Dream of Ice (2015) and The Sound of Seas (2016).
* One of the narrators of BBC Radio 4's ongoing series A History of Ideas (2015).
* Provided a voice recording of reading Virginia Woolf's suicide note for The Royal Ballet production Woolf Works (2015).
* Narrated Wilkie Collins' short story "Mrs. Zant and the Ghost" for Audible UK's Christmas Car Selection (2015).
* Co-narrator of the audiobook for her and Nadel's self-empowerment book WE: A Manifesto for Women Everywhere (2017).
* Provided the voice of Dana Scully for The X-Files: Cold Cases and The X-Files: Stolen Lives audiobooks (2017).
* Provided the voice of Captain Rachel MacLaren for Squadron 42.