OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Old Effingham County Courthouse

The Old Effingham County Courthouse is a historic county courthouse in Springfield, the county seat of Effingham County in east central Georgia. It is located on Georgia State Route 21, at 901 North Pine Street in Springfield.
The courthouse was designed by Savannah architect Hyman C. Whitcover and was built from 1908 to 1909 at a cost of $40,000, soon after George Mills Brinson's railroad was extended to Springfield in August 1907.
The courthouse is in the Neoclassical style, with Palladian aspects. The building replaced a previous county courthouse built in 1849.
The Old Effingham County Courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places on September 18, 1980.
Construction began on a new courthouse, officially the Effingham County Judicial Complex, in 2004, with construction complete by late 2006, occupation in January 2007, and a dedication ceremony in March 2007. The old courthouse is now used as the Effingham County district attorney's office. The offices of the county tax commissioner are also located in old courthouse. Other county administrative offices are located in separate building (formerly a church) near the new courthouse.
# Barton Regis Hundred

Barton Regis was an ancient hundred of Gloucestershire, England. Hundreds originated in the late Saxon period as a subdivision of a county and lasted as administrative divisions until the 19th century.
It comprised the three ancient parishes of Clifton, Mangotsfield and Stapleton, all on the outskirts of the city of Bristol, plus the Bristol parishes of St George, St Philip & St Jacob and St James Out. The hundred took its name from the manor of Barton just outside Bristol, mentioned in the Domesday Book as Bertune apud Bristov, and later in 1220 as Berton Bristoll. In Saxon and early Norman times the manor was held by the king, and was known as Barton Regis.
At the time of the Domesday Book, Barton Regis was part of the neighbouring hundred of Swineshead.
In 1836 the hundred became the basis of a new Poor Law Union, which also included additional parishes north and west of Bristol. The Poor Law Union did not include Mangotsfield (part of Keynsham Union), or the central areas of Bristol (exempted from the 1836 poor law changes as an existing Incorporation). The Poor Law Union was initially named Clifton Union, but was changed in 1877 to Barton Regis Union, because the residents of Clifton objected to the poor mortality statistics associated with the name of Clifton resulting from the inclusion of poorer areas in east Bristol. In 1875, the parts of the Poor Law Union outside Bristol formed the basis of the Barton Regis rural sanitary district, which was replaced by Barton Regis Rural District in 1894. The rural district was abolished in 1904, when it was split between Bristol City Council, Chipping Sodbury RD and Thornbury RD.
In 1877 Clifton registration district, used for the registration of births, marriages and deaths, was replaced by Barton Regis Registration District. The Barton Regis Registration District included most of the area of the Barton Regis Poor Law Union, and therefore included Bristol north of the Avon, outside the central area. The district was abolished in 1905, when most of it became part of Bristol Registration District.
The name survives in the district of Barton Hill.
# Battle of the Day River

The Battle of the Day River (French: bataille du Day) took place between late May and early June 1951, around the Day River Delta in the Gulf of Tonkin. Part of the First Indochina War, the battle was the first conventional campaign of Võ Nguyên Giáp, and saw his Việt Minh People's Army of Vietnam (VPA) forces tackle the Catholic-dominated region of the Delta in order to break its resistance to communist Việt Minh infiltration. On the back of two defeats at similar ventures through March and April that year, Giap led three divisions in a pattern of guerrilla and diversion attacks on Ninh Bình, Nam Định, Phủ Lý and Phat Diem beginning on May 28 which saw the destruction of commando François, a naval commando.
The French army and Vietnamese National Army, under Jean de Lattre de Tassigny, who lost his son in the first day of the battle at Ninh Bình, mobilised three mobile groups (groupements mobiles, similar to regimental combat teams) and two paratrooper battalions as well as one dinassaut, and the ebb and flow of captured and retaken positions continued until Giap's supply lines were cut around June 6. His forces, moving in large numbers and during daylight, were vulnerable to French firepower and to French ground forces supported by a friendly local Catholic militia. The Việt Minh army units were forced into withdrawing between June 10 and June 18. The Western's sources estimated Việt Minh lost 1,000 prisoners to the French and 9,000 casualties. Việt Minh reported they were suffered 546 killed, 1,700 wounded, 280 missing
# Hat (disambiguation)

A hat is an item of clothing worn on the head.
Hat or HAT may also refer to:

## Film

* The Hat (film), a 1999 short film by Michèle Cournoyer
* The Hat, a 1912 film by Rollin S. Sturgeon
* The Hat, a 1963 film by Faith Hubley and John Hubley

## Mathematics

* Hat matrix, a mathematical operation in statistics
* Hat operator, notation used in mathematics
* Hat function, alternate name for the triangular function
* A solution to the einstein problem, a shape nicknamed the "hat"

## Organisations

* Handball Association of Thailand, governing body of handball in Thailand
* Hutchison Asia Telecom Group, a business division in telecommunications
* Hellenic Aeronautical Technologies, a Greek aeroplane manufacturer
* Helicopter Air Transport, a defunct American helicopter operator

## People

* Jack McVitie (1932–1967), known as Jack "The Hat", English gangster
* Les Miles (born 1953), known as The Hat, American football coach
* Jan Åge Solstad (born 1969), known as Hat, former vocalist for the Norwegian black metal band Gorgoroth

## Places

* Hať, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic
* Hat, Azerbaijan
* Hat, Nepal
* Hat, Berehove Raion, Ukraine
* Hat District, Al Mahrah Governorate, Yemen
* Hat Island (disambiguation)

## Science

* Human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)
* HAt, symbol for hydrogen astatide
* Histone acetyltransferase, an enzyme class
* HAT medium, used in microbiology and immunology, for example in culturing hybridoma cells
* Hungarian-made Automated Telescope, used in the HATNet Project

## Technology

* Hardware Attached on Top, expansion board format for the Raspberry Pi computer.
* Hashed array tree, in computer programming.
* Help authoring tool, software for "help" documents.

## Other uses

* Handwoordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal, an Afrikaans dictionary
* Haitian Creole language, with ISO 639-2 and 639-3 code hat
* Hat, slang for the caret (computing) (^)
* Hat, slang for the circumflex (ˆ)
* Hat (Davy Graham album), released in 1969
* Hat. (Mike Keneally album), released in 1992
* History Aptitude Test, an admissions test at Oxford University
* The Hat, a Southern California fast-food restaurant
* The Hat (book), a children's book by Tomi Ungerer
* Hat (comics), a fictional supervillain from DC Comics
* "The Hat", an episode of Homicide: Life on the Street (season 4)
* "The Hat", an episode of Wander Over Yonder
* Hi-hat (instrument), a standard part of a drum kit
* Short for hatnote - WP:HAT (disambiguation)
# Anton Lubowski

Anton Theodor Eberhard August Lubowski (3 February 1952 – 12 September 1989) was a Namibian anti-apartheid activist and advocate. He was a member of the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO). In 1989 he was assassinated by operatives of South Africa's Civil Cooperation Bureau. In 2015 he was declared a National Hero and his body reburied at the National Heroes' Acre outside Windhoek.

## Education and early life

Lubowski was born in Lüderitz, South West Africa, to a German father and an Afrikaner mother. In 1960 the family moved to their farm in Aus. From 1965 Lubowski attended Paul Roos Gymnasium in Stellenbosch, South Africa. He then did a year of military training with the South African Defence Force in Pretoria, before attending Stellenbosch University for a B.A., and the University of Cape Town for an LLB.
He married Gabriele Schuster in 1976, the couple had two children. In 1978 they moved to Windhoek where Lubowski took up work as a lawyer.

## Political career

As an advocate he was a member of the Windhoek Bar. He defended political prisoners and got involved with the Namibian trade union movement in the capacity of secretary of finance and administration of the National Union of Namibian Workers (NUNW). He joined SWAPO officially in 1984. Before 1989, he had no official party position but he made frequent public statements on behalf of SWAPO. He initiated the NAMLAW Project, a legal research organisation to draft legislation for Namibia after independence. He received the Austrian Bruno Kreisky Prize for Services to Human Rights. As a SWAPO activist he was detained six times by the South African authorities. In 1989 he became deputy secretary for finance and administration in the SWAPO election directorate. Shortly before his death he became a member of the SWAPO central committee.

## Assassination and remembrance

In the evening of 12 September 1989, Lubowski was shot by a group of assailants in front of his house in Sanderburg Street in central Windhoek. He was hit by several shots from an AK-47 automatic rifle and died from a bullet wound to his head. Operatives of South Africa's Civil Cooperation Bureau were implicated in the attack.
On 26 August 2015, Namibia's Heroes' Day, Lubowski was reburied at Namibia's National Heroes' Acre.
Lubowski's life is described in his widow's self-published novel On Solid Ground. Lubowski's assassination is part of the backstory in Bernhard Jaumann's novel The Hour of the Jackal. Lubowski's daughter Nadja runs the Anton Lubowski Educational Trust, a charity organisation in his memory. Stellenbosch University hosts an annual memorial lecture in his name.
# Ministry of Finance (United Arab Emirates)

The Ministry of Finance (MoF) (Arabic: وزارة المالية) is the ministry of the federal government of United Arab Emirates which is responsible for public finances. The ministry's objective is to promote fiscal planning and fiscal sustainability of the federal government of the United Arab Emirates. The ministry is located in Abu Dhabi and Dubai.

## Ministers

| Name | Took office | Left office | Notes |
| Hamdan bin Rashid Al Maktoum | 9 December 1971 | 24 March 2021 | Died in office |
| Obaid Humaid al Tayer | 24 March 2021 | 25 September 2021 | acting |
| Maktoum bin Mohammed Al Maktoum | 25 September 2021 | Incumbent | |
# Operation Able Warrior

Operation Able Warrior was conducted by Task Force Baghdad soldiers in the early-morning hours of 4 August 2005 to defeat terror cells operating west of the Baghdad International Airport. The mission of Operation Able Warrior was to disrupt car-bombing cells and those that place roadside bomb, and prevent them from planning, preparing and carrying out terrorist attacks in the area. The purpose of the mission was to aid the Iraqi Security Forces in the area in their day-to-day operations, and to secure the perimeter of the Baghdad International Airport.
In less than three hours, soldiers from 2nd Battalion, 121st Infantry Regiment, 48th Brigade Combat Team, 3rd Infantry Division, conducted a series of simultaneous attacks and captured 41 suspected terrorists, including three foreign fighters. The mission fulfilled its parameters, and was considered to be a success.

## Military units involved
### US forces reported to be involved were

* 2nd Battalion, 121st Infantry Regiment, 48th Brigade Combat Team, 3rd Infantry Division

## Casualties

No US casualties were reported during the operation.
# XIII Sorrows

XIII Sorrows (stylized in all caps) is the second extended play by American rapper, Odetari following his earlier "3x3". The album released on September 13, 2023, through Artist Partner Group. The EP features vocals from artists, 6arelyhuman, cade clair, and JELEEL. The album title is named after the group, Organization XIII. XIII SORROWS is an EDM album that incorporates elements of hip-hop. The album was supported by four singles, "GMFU", "Look Don't Touch", "Good Loyal Thots", and "Narcissistic Personality Disorder".

## Personnel

Credits adapted from Tidal.
* Taha Othman Ahmad – composing, vocals, songwriting, production
* Toby Hamilton – composing, vocals, songwriting
* cade clair (Kamoren Watts-White) – vocals, songwriting
* Matthew O'Neil – engineering, studio personnel
* Jeleel Yussuf - composing, vocals, songwriting

## Release history

Release dates and formats for XIII SORROWS :
| Region | Date | Format(s) | Version | Label | Ref. |
| Various | 13 September 2023 | Streamingvinyl LP | Standard | Artist Partner Group | |
Release dates and formats for XIII SORROWS (ODECORE MIX) :
| Region | Date | Format(s) | Version | Label | Ref. |
| Various | 18 September 2023 | Streaming | Standard | Artist Partner Group | |

## Release and promotion

"XIII SORROWS" was released on September 13, 2023, through Artist Partner Group for digital download and streaming. Five days later, the ODECORE remix of the album featuring sped up and slowed and reverbed renditions were released on the side-account of Odetari managed by Artist Partner Group.

### Singles

The first single was "Good Loyal Thots" which he released on March 15, 2023. Almost instantly, the track was a viral hit. On April 1, 2023, Odetari released the second single, the self-produced “NARCISSISTIC PERSONALITY DISORDER,” the track quickly gained traction. The third single, “LOOK DON’T TOUCH,” released on May 17th, 2023. The highly anticipated fourth and final single, “GMFU” was released on July 26, 2023. The singles all charted on the US Hot Dance/Electronic Songs (Billboard) and have in addition been certified gold by the RIAA.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| RapReviews | |
"XIII SORROWS" was produced by Odetari, 6arelyhuman and Giomadx, while also being single handedly written by Odetari.
Jacob Saltzberg from Earmilk had said 'XIII Sorrows' was a "thrilling, captivating project" that is perfect for pushing the boundaries in the weight room, racing around a track, or battling demons. Liliana Parsons suggested that "many people criticize it because of its popularity on TikTok" suggesting animosity toward TikTok due to its content.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Poland (ZPAV) | Gold | 10,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Swansea SW Wales (DAB Multiplex)

Swansea SW Wales is a local commercial digital radio multiplex in the United Kingdom, which serves Swansea, Neath Port Talbot and South Carmarthenshire. It is wholly owned by Bauer Media since they gained control of Wireless Groups local stations in the UK. At around the same time they also acquired Celador, Lincs FM Group and UKRD. Bauer own Kiss, Magic, Hits Radio, Greatest Hits Radio, Wave 105 (South Coast), GEM Radio (East Midlands) and also Absolute Radio.
The service was launched on 31 January 2004. It was originally labelled TWG-Emap Swansea and then UTV-Bauer Swansea, but in 2010 changed to Swansea SW Wales. It is transmitted on frequency block 12A from the Carmel, Kilvey Hill and St. Hilary transmitters. Other transmitters: Mynydd Sylen transmitter near Llanelli; Carmarthen transmitter, Carmarthen. Bauer is the multiplex owner and it can be heard as far as Newport in the South East Wales and to the south Western super mare and North Devon coast.

## Services broadcast

The following stations are transmitted on the Swansea SW Wales multiplex
| Service | Service ID | Bit rate | Audio channels | Description | Analogue availability |
| BBC Radio Cymru | C347 | 128 kbit/s | Joint stereo | The national Welsh-language service from the BBC | 92.4-96.8, 103.5-104.9 MHz |
| BBC Radio Cymru 2 | C347 | 128 kbit/s | Joint stereo | The national 2nd Welsh-language service from the BBC | |
| BBC Radio Wales | C438 | 128 kbit/s | Joint stereo | Talk, news and music for Wales | 90.2–92.3, 93.9–96.1 103.9 MHz 882 kHz |
| Heart South Wales | CDCE | 112 kbit/s | Joint stereo | Hot adult contemporary music | Various FM 106.0 Swansea, 105.4 Cardiff / Bridgend, 105.9 Newport / 105.2 Carmarthenshire, 105.7 Pembrokeshire |
| Greatest Hits Radio South Wales | C8CE | 128 kbit/s | Joint stereo | Classic hits |
| Hits Radio South Wales | C5B5 | 128 kbit/s | Joint stereo | Contemporary and chart music and information station for under 44s | 96.4 MHz (Swansea, Neath Port Talbot and South Carmarthenshire) |
| Hits Radio UK | CBEB | 80 kbit/s | Mono | Contemporary and chart music | |
| Hits Radio Pride | CAEC | 80 kbit/s | Mono | Contemporary and chart music aimed at the LGBTQ+ community | |
| Absolute Radio Country | CCE7 | 80 kbit/s | Mono | Country music | |
| Absolute Classic Rock | C7C9 | 80 kbit/s | Mono | Classic rock music | |
| Magic Chilled | CEE6 | 80 kbit/s | Mono | Soft adult contemporary music | |
| Magic Soul | C3D9 | 80 kbit/s | Mono | Soul music | |
| Magic at the Musicals | CAEA | 80 kbit/s | Mono | Musicals | |
# Gore Hundred

Gore was a hundred of the historic county of Middlesex, England.
The hundred's name means 'piece of ground shaped like the head of a spear/triangle'.

## Scope and importance

It covered an area in the north of the county, in present London Boroughs roughly that of Harrow, one third of Barnet (including Hendon and Edgware) and about a third of Brent, plus part of Elstree, historically divided between Hertfordshire and Middlesex. Per the relatively frequent central medieval records of all major estates including the Domesday Book, Feet of Fines (premiums on estates being transferred), Assize Rolls and subsidy rolls its parishes were:
| Parish | Part of hundred covered |
| Edgware | Small parish along northern border |
| Harrow | Western two-fifths of the hundred roughly. The parent parish of Wembley, Alperton and Sudbury. |
| Hendon | Eastern third of the hundred approximately |
| Kingsbury | Small parish on the near, southern border of the Hundred |
| Great Stanmore | Strip parish in the north, adjoining Harrow and others |
| Little Stanmore | Strip parish in the north, adjoining Edgware and others |
| Pinner | A chapelry of Harrow until 1766. The north-west quarter of Harrow. |
By the end of the 15th century (due to subinfeudation) some 22 manors were in the Hundred. From an early date the jurisdiction exercised by the hundred was minuscule. Only Great Stanmore of the manors did not at some times before 1300 enjoy or claim exemption from the Hundred Court. Free and frank rights instead include two known sets of franchies: those of Westminster Abbey and the Archbishop of Canterbury, and view of frankpledge and other liberties to the noble owner of Edgware and to St Bart's (the Great) Priory, Smithfield, London who acquired Little Stanmore.
# Qwen

Qwen (also called Tongyi Qianwen, Chinese: 通义千问) is a family of large language models developed by Alibaba Cloud. In July 2024, it was ranked as the top Chinese language model in some benchmarks and third globally behind the top models of Anthropic and OpenAI.

## Models

Alibaba first launched a beta of Qwen in April 2023 under the name Tongyi Qianwen. The model's architecture was based on the LLM Llama developed by Meta AI. It was publicly released in September 2023 after receiving approval from the Chinese government. In December 2023 it released its 72B and 1.8B models as open source, while Qwen 7B was open sourced in August.
In June 2024 Alibaba launched Qwen 2 and in September it released some of its models as open source, while keeping its most advanced models proprietary. Qwen 2 employs a mixture of experts.
In November 2024, QwQ-32B-Preview, a model focusing on reasoning similar to OpenAI's o1 was released under the Apache 2.0 License, although only the weights were released, not the dataset or training method. QwQ has a 32,000 token context length and performs better than o1 on some benchmarks.
The Qwen-Vl series is a line of visual language models that combines a vision transformer with a LLM. Alibaba released Qwen-VL2 with variants of 2 billion and 7 billion parameters. Qwen-vl-max is Alibaba's flagship vision model as of 2024 and is sold by Alibaba Cloud at a cost of US$0.00041 per thousand input tokens.
Alibaba has released several other model types such as Qwen-Audio and Qwen2-Math. In total, it has released more than 100 models as open source, with its models having been downloaded more than 40 million times. Fine-tuned versions of Qwen have been developed by enthusiasts, such as "Liberated Qwen", developed by San Francisco-based Abacus AI, which is a version that responds to any user request without content restrictions.
In January 2025, Alibaba launched Qwen 2.5-Max. According to a blog post from Alibaba, Qwen 2.5-Max outperforms other foundation models such as GPT-4o, DeepSeek-V3, and Llama-3.1-405B in key benchmarks.
# 2025 in Angola

Events in the year 2025 in Angola.

## Incumbents

* President: João Lourenço
* Vice President: Esperança da Costa

## Events

* 31 January – A court in Switzerland convicts the commodity firm Trafigura of corruption in a bribery case involving a former executive of an Angolan state-owned distribution company in exchange for ship chartering and bunkering contracts and sentences the company to pay 3 million Swiss francs ($3.2 million) in fines and prison sentences to three individuals.
* 14 March - Angola denies entry to senior African political figures, including Botswana's former President Ian Khama, Tanzanian opposition leader Tundu Lissu, and Mozambique's Venancio Mondlane.

### Predicted and scheduled

* 12–24 August – FIBA AfroBasket 2025

## Holidays

Source:
* 1 January – New Year's Day
* 4 February – Day of the Armed Struggle
* 3–4 March – Carnival
* 8 March - International Women's Day
* 23 March - Southern Africa Liberation Day
* 4 April – Angolan Peace Day
* 18 April – Good Friday
* 1 May – Labour Day
* 17 September – National Heroes Day Holiday
* 2 November – All Souls' Day
* 11 November – Independence Day
* 25 December – Christmas Day