OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Al-Raghib al-Isfahani

Abul-Qasim al-Hussein bin Mufaddal bin Muhammad, better known as Raghib Al-Isfahani (Persian: ابوالقاسم حسین ابن محمّد الراغب الاصفهانی), was an eleventh-century Muslim scholar of Qur'anic exegesis and the Arabic language.

## Biography

Al-Raghib Al-Isfahani - was born in Isfahan as his name suggests, though his exact date of birth is not known.
He died in the Hijri year 502, corresponding to 1108 on the Gregorian calendar.

## Views

Al-Raghib was suspected as Shia sympathizer, due to his statement for his love of Ahl al-Bayt. Meanwhile, some thought he was a Mu'tazilite.
However, one of his works entitled al-I'tiqadat, al-Raghib attacks both the Mu'tazila and the Shi'a showing that questions about his adherence to either of these positions is groundless.
al-Raghib was opposed to the emanationism of the Brethren of Purity, preferring creationism instead. The concept of justice, according to al-Raghib's definition, is "equal retaliation" for wrongdoing.

## Works

His work covered topics ranging from ethics to linguistics to Muslim philosophy. He authored a commentary on the Quran, Mufradāt alfāẓ al-Qurʾān. One of his most famous works was Al-Mufradat fi Gharib al-Quran.
As a man of letters, al-Raghib was also well-versed in Arabic literature. His literary anthology, which was carefully organized by topic, carried much weight and respect in intellectual circles. He was also noted as an early Muslim writer on the topic of blending religious and philosophical ethics.
* Biography portal
* Islam portal
# Friends & Brgrs

Friends & Brgrs is a Finnish fast food restaurant chain, originally from Jakobstad, Finland.

## Products

Their buns are baked and meats are ground in the restaurants. The mayonnaises and french fries are made by the staff as well. The french fries are made with a so-called triple-cook method meaning that they are fried three times in different temperatures. The Finnish restaurant's domesticity rate is about 98%. The meals are almost fully additive-free.

## History

The first Friends & Brgrs restaurant was opened in Jakobstad in 2014. After that they have spread out to other cities in Finland, as well as Germany in 2017.
# John Rodney, 9th Baron Rodney

John Francis Rodney, 9th Baron Rodney of Rodney Stoke (28 June 1920 – 13 October 1992) was a British soldier, business man, and peer, a member of the House of Lords from 1973 until his death.
Educated at Stowe School and McGill University in Canada, he was the younger son of George Rodney, 8th Baron Rodney, and his wife Lady Marjorie Lowther, a daughter of Lancelot Lowther, 6th Earl of Lonsdale. An older brother, George William Rodney (1918–1942), died on active service.
In the Second World War, Rodney saw active service in the Burma campaign and was mentioned in despatches while a Lieutenant in the Commandos. He worked for Rootes Ltd between 1946 and 1952, when he became marketing director of Vacumatic Ltd. He succeeded as Baron Rodney (1782) and as a baronet on 18 December 1973. In 1976 he was chairman of the British Printing Machinery Association.
While a member of the House of Lords he served as an Alternate Delegate to the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe.
On 3 November 1951, Rodney married Régine Elisabeth Lucienne Jeanne Thérèse Marie Ghislaine d'Opdorp, daughter of Chevalier Robert Egide Marie Ghislain Pangaert d'Opdorp, and they had two children, George Rodney, 10th Baron Rodney (1953–2011) and Anne Rodney (born 1955).
He died on 13 October 1992, aged 72, in Kensington.
# Kulala

Kulala is a Hindu caste who traditionally pursued pottery trade and farming as professions and are commonly found in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and southern and western parts of Tamil Nadu. They belong to the Other Backward Class group.

## Etymology

Kulala are the descendants of the three sons of their original ancestor, Kulalan, who was the son of Brahma. Kulalan prayed to Brahma to be allowed to create and destroy things daily, so Brahma made him a potter.

## Distribution

Andhra Pradesh
They speak the Telugu language and are also known as Kulala, Kummara and Moolya Salivahana
Tamil Nadu
Tamil-speaking Kulalar in southern and western part of Tamil nadu they use the title Velar and Udayar
Telugu-speaking Kulala in southern Tamil Nadu use the title Chettiyar (Also known as Telugu Chettiar). They are relatively recent migrants in the southern region of Tamil Nadu.
Karnataka
In Karnataka they speak both Tulu and Kannada language and are also known as kumbara and Kulala. They use the title shetty, Salian, Moolya, Wodeyar.
Kerala
Kulala community (also known as Kulala Nair) is found only in the Kasaragod district of Kerala state in India, where they have several exogamous gotras, including Banjan, Banjera, Salian and Upian. They use the title "Nair". In Kasaragod district the Tulu-speaking Kulala community has another name - Moolya.
This community has completely given up their traditional occupation in Kerala.

## Culture

They follow both Saivism and Vaishnavism. Their rituals and ceremonies are similar to those of the Vokkaliga, Lingayat , Reddy, Kama or Vellalar. Some wear sacred thread just like Brahmins. Some have priests of their own caste, while others employ brahmins. They have claimed a higher social status.
# Edward Gaulkin

Edward Gaulkin (April 23, 1903 – June 12, 1993) was an American jurist and prosecutor from New Jersey. Gaulkin was born in the city of Minsk, then in the Russian Empire; his family emigrated to the United States in 1906.
Gaulkin attended Columbia University, the University of Denver's College of Law, and New York University School of Law. He was admitted to the bar in 1929. He was the Recorder and Township Attorney for Livingston, New Jersey in the 1930s and 1940s, was the Deputy Essex County Surrogate from 1947–48, and the First Assistant Essex County Prosecutor from 1948-49.
Governor Alfred Driscoll appointed him Essex County Prosecutor in 1952, and then as Deputy Attorney General of New Jersey. Driscoll named him to serve as a County Court Judge in 1953, and Governor Robert B. Meyner named him to the New Jersey Superior Court in 1958. From 1958 until his retirement in 1973, Gaulkin served as a New Jersey Appellate Court Judge.
His son, Geoffrey Gaulkin, later served as a Superior Court Judge.
# Mad Dog McPhie

Mad Dog McPhie (born Stewart McPhie on 19 October 1971) is an English professional wrestler. He has worked on the United Kingdom's independent circuit.

## Professional wrestling career

McPhie was trained as a professional wrestling at Hammerlock Wrestling in Sittingbourne, Kent under trainers Justin Richards, Alex Shane, Dino Scarlo, and Hammerlock's owner Andre "The Hammer" Baker. McPhie competed against many of Hammerlock's wrestlers like "The Phoenix" Jody Fleisch, Paul Ashe, Solid Gold, and Scott Parker. In addition, he teamed with "The Anarchist" Doug Williams against Gary Steele and Jake "The Snake" Roberts on 25 April 1998.
After a short time, McPhie moved on to compete in the independent wrestling scene and competed for the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) in singles matches against the UK Pitbulls. He also worked for the Catch Wrestling Association before settling with the Ultimate Wrestling Alliance (UWA).
McPhie was a regular rival of Phil Powers and was managed by Steve Lynskey while in the UWA. At British Resurrection, McPhie had a match against Phil Powers. He also had matches with Tom Monroe and Kerry Cabrero, as well as a tag team match with partner Jonny Storm against Phil Powers and Paul Sloane. At Pain on Pleasure Beach, McPhie wrestled Phil Blend and Joe Young. At Vengeance is Mine, he faced Leon Murphy and Jodie Fleisch.
He then returned to the independent scene until July 2002 when on a show for Catch Wrestling Association in Germany, McPhie injured his ACL.

## Championships and accomplishments

* Pro Wrestling Illustrated
** Ranked 496th in Top World 500 Wrestlers (2000)
# Manuel Manetta

Manuel "Fess" Manetta (October 3, 1889 – October 10, 1969) was an American jazz multi-instrumentalist.

## Early life

Manetta was born in New Orleans (district of Algiers) on October 3, 1889. He was of African and Italian descent. He came from a family of brass players, and could play at least six instruments capably: violin, guitar, piano, cornet, saxophone, and trombone.

## Later life and career

He was able to play two brass instruments at the same time, including very late in his life. He played early in the 20th century with the Eagle Brass Band and the Tuxedo Brass Band, and was a veteran of some of Buddy Bolden's bands.
He played in New Orleans for much of his career, but toured with Kid Ory in 1919 and with the Martels Family Band as a pianist in the 1920s. He played on riverboats with Ed Allen in that decade as well. He continued working up until his death, playing in the bands of Papa Celestin, Arnold Du Pas, Manuel Perez, and others. The final four decades of his life were spent mostly on teaching, but he also recorded in 1957, laying down tracks that were first released on Whorehouse Piano. He died in New Orleans on October 10, 1969.
# Abies sibirica

Abies sibirica, the Siberian fir, is a coniferous evergreen tree native to the taiga east of the Volga River and south of 67°40' North latitude in Siberia through Turkestan, northeast Xinjiang, Mongolia and Heilongjiang.

## Distribution

The tree lives in the cold boreal climate on moist soils in mountains or river basins at elevations of 1900–2400 m. It is very shade-tolerant, frost-resistant, and hardy, surviving temperatures down to −50 °C. It rarely lives over 200 years due to the susceptibility to fungal decay in the wood.

## Description

Siberian fir, Abies sibirica, grows 30–35 m tall with a trunk diameter of 0.5–1 m at breast height and a conical crown. The bark is grey-green to grey-brown and smooth with resin blisters typical of most firs. Shoots are yellow-grey, resinous, and slightly pubescent. The leaves are needle-like, 2–3 cm long and 1.5 mm broad on average. They are light green above with two grey-white stomatal bands underneath, and are directed upwards along the stem. They are soft, flattened, and strongly aromatic. The cones are cylindrical, 5–9.5 cm long and 2.5–3.5 cm broad, with small bracts hidden by the scales. They ripen from bluish to brown or dark brown in mid-autumn. The seeds, 7 mm long with a triangular wing 0.7–1.3 cm long, are released when the cone disintegrates after maturity.

### Varieties

There are two varieties:
* Abies sibirica var. sibirica. Described above.
* Abies sibirica var. semenovii (B. Fedtschenko) Farjon. Endemic in Kyrgyzstan. Branchlets noticeably ridged and grooved. Resin canals marginal. Cones yellow-brown, with broader bracts than those of var. sibirica.

## Ecology

Abies sibirica is subject to infection from the fungus Delphinella balsameae which was reported from Russia for the first time in 2003.

## Uses

Essential oils extracted from the leaves are used in aromatherapy and perfumes. The wood is soft, lightweight, and weak. It is used in construction, furniture, and wood pulp.
# 2024 in Malawi

This article lists events from the year 2024 in Malawi.

## Incumbents

* President: Lazarus Chakwera
* Vice-President: Saulos Chilima (until 10 June); Michael Usi (since 21 June)

## Events

* 16 May – A man in Mponela is convicted of insulting President Lazarus Chakwera after posting an animated TikTok video of him dancing.
* 10 June – 2024 Chikangawa Dornier 228 crash: A Malawi Defence Force aircraft carrying Vice-President Saulos Chilima, former First Lady Patricia Shanil Muluzi and seven other people crashes in the Chikangawa Forest Reserve, killing everyone on board.
* 21 June – United Transformation Movement deputy leader Michael Usi is sworn in to replace Chilima as Vice President.
* 19 August – The African Development Bank announces a $11.2 million grant to Malawi in dealing with drought-related damages caused by El Niño.
* 20 August –
** A Cessna 210 aircraft of FlyNyasa flying from Nkhotakota to Liwonde crashes into Lake Malawi, leaving two people on board missing and a third passenger rescued.
** Malawi declares mpox a public health emergency, following growing concerns and a reported probable case of mpox in the country.

## Holidays

Source:
* 1 January – New Year's Day
* 15 January – John Chilembwe Day
* 3 March – Martyrs' Day
* 29 March – Good Friday
* 1 April – Easter Monday
* 10 April – Eid al-Fitr
* 1 May – Labour Day
* 14 May – President Kamuzu Banda's Birthday
* 6 July – Independence Day
* 15 October – Mother's Day
* 25 December – Christmas Day
* 26 December – Boxing Day
# Stonerstown, Pennsylvania

Stonerstown is a census-designated place in Liberty Township, Bedford County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 369 as of the 2020 census. It is located just to the west of the borough of Saxton along Pennsylvania Route 913.
# Pedee Branch

Pedee Branch is a stream in Monroe County in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Flat Creek.
Pedee Branch most likely derives its name from an unidentified Native American language.
# Yetminster Hundred

50°53′42″N 2°34′37″W﻿ / ﻿50.8951°N 2.5769°W﻿ / 50.8951; -2.5769 Yetminster Hundred was a hundred in the county of Dorset, England, containing the following parishes:
* Batcombe
* Clifton Maybank
* Melbury Bubb
* Melbury Osmond
* Yetminster
* (Chetnole and Leigh were created from Yetminster in 1866)
# Rico Hoey

Richard Hoey (born 19 September 1995) is an American-Filipino professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour.

## Early life and amateur career

Hoey was born in Manila, Philippines and moved to Rancho Cucamonga, California at a young age. He attended college at the University of Southern California from 2014 to 2017.

## Professional career

Hoey turned professional in 2017 and began playing on PGA Tour Canada. He won the season ending event; the Freedom 55 Financial Championship, finishing fifth on the Order of Merit, earning status to play on the 2018 Web.com Tour.
In 2023, Hoey claimed his first Korn Ferry Tour victory at the Visit Knoxville Open. He finished the season fourth on the points list; earning status to play on the 2024 PGA Tour. Hoey played as an American until 2024, when he switched his representation to his birth country of the Philippines. Hoey was ineligible for the 2024 Olympics because the change in representation occurred less than two years before the Olympics.

## Amateur wins

* 2012 Callaway Junior World Championship
* 2016 SCGA Amateur Championship
Source:

## Professional wins (2)
### Korn Ferry Tour wins (1)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runners-up |
| 1 | 28 May 2023 | Visit Knoxville Open | −14 (64-71-66-65=266) | 1 stroke | Chase Seiffert, Norman Xiong |

### PGA Tour Canada wins (1)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runner-up |
| 1 | 17 Sep 2017 | Freedom 55 Financial Championship | −19 (66-66-62-67=261) | 1 stroke | Jordan Niebrugge |

## Playoff record

PGA Tour playoff record (0–1)
| No. | Year | Tournament | Opponents | Result |
| 1 | 2024 | ISCO Championship | Zac Blair, Pierceson Coody, Harry Hall, Matthew NeSmith | Hall won with birdie on third extra hole Blair and Hoey eliminated by par on first hole |

## Results in major championships

| Tournament | 2024 |
| Masters Tournament | |
| PGA Championship | |
| U.S. Open | CUT |
| The Open Championship | |
CUT = missed the half-way cut

## Results in The Players Championship

| Tournament | 2025 |
| The Players Championship | T33 |
"T" = tied

## Team appearances

Amateur
* Arnold Palmer Cup (representing the United States): 2014, 2016
Professional
* Aruba Cup (representing PGA Tour Canada): 2017 (winners)
# List of the busiest airports in Oceania

This is a list of the busiest airports in Oceania, ranked and broken down by its total passengers per year, which includes arrival, departure and transit passengers.

## Statistics

Airports Council International's full-year figures are as follows. Note that all the statistics are taken from the year 2017, unless stated otherwise in the notes section.
| Rank | Airport | City | Country | Code (IATA/ICAO) | Total passengers | Notes |
| 1 | Sydney Airport | Sydney | Australia | SYD/YSSY | 41,870,000 | |
| 2 | Melbourne Airport | Melbourne | Australia | MEL/YMML | 36,706,000 | Data taken in early 2016 |
| 3 | Brisbane Airport | Brisbane | Australia | BNE/YBBN | 23,205,702 | |
| 4 | Auckland Airport | Auckland | New Zealand | AKL/NZAA | 20,025,922 | Data taken from April 2018 |
| 5 | Daniel K. Inouye International Airport | Honolulu | United States | HNL/PHNL | 19,950,707 | Data taken from 2016 |
| 6 | Perth Airport | Perth | Australia | PER/YPPH | 13,690,610 | |
| 7 | Adelaide Airport | Adelaide | Australia | ADL/YPAD | 8,090,000 | |
| 8 | Christchurch Airport | Christchurch | New Zealand | CHC/NZCH | 6,566,598 | |
| 9 | Gold Coast Airport | Gold Coast | Australia | OOL/YBCG | 6,457,086 | |
| 10 | Kahului Airport | Kahului | United States | OGG/PHOG | 6,444,000 | |
| 11 | Wellington Airport | Wellington | New Zealand | WLG/NZWN | 6,049,194 | |
| 12 | Cairns Airport | Cairns | Australia | CNS/YBCS | 4,898,189 | |
| 13 | Kona International Airport | Kona | United States | KOA/PHKO | 3,283,000 | |
| 14 | Canberra Airport | Canberra | Australia | CBR/YSCB | 2,995,470 | |
| 15 | Lihue Airport | Lihue | United States | LIH/PHLI | 2,899,000 | |
| 16 | Hobart Airport | Hobart | Australia | HBA/YMHB | 2,440,792 | |
| 17 | Nadi International Airport | Nadi | Fiji | NAN/NFFN | 2,291,635 | Data taken from 2017 |
| 18 | Queenstown Airport | Queenstown | New Zealand | ZQN/NZQN | 2,140,669 | Data taken from June 2018 |
| 19 | Darwin Airport | Darwin | Australia | DRW/YPDN | 2,057,307 | Data taken from 2015 |
| 20 | Townsville Airport | Townsville | Australia | TSV/YBTL | 1,497,946 | Data taken from 2015 |
| 21 | Jacksons International Airport | Port Moresby | Papua New Guinea | POM/AYPY | 1,400,000 | Data taken from 2015 |
| 22 | Hilo International Airport | Hilo | United States | ITO/PHTO | 1,306,000 | |
| 23 | Launceston Airport | Launceston | Australia | LST/YMLT | 1,272,198 | Data taken from 2015 |
| 24 | Newcastle Airport | Newcastle | Australia | NTL/YWLM | 1,257,210 | |
| 25 | Faa'a International Airport | Papeete | French Polynesia | PPT/NTAA | 1,195,105 | Data taken from 2015 |
| 26 | Nelson Airport | Nelson | New Zealand | NSN/NZNS | 1,000,373 | |
| 27 | La Tontouta International Airport | Nouméa | New Calédonia | NOU/NWWW | 538,791 | |
| 28 | Nouméa Magenta Airport | Nouméa | New Calédonia | GEA/NWWM | 454,540 | |
# Dixie Lee Bryant

Dixie Lee Bryant (1862–1949) was a geologist and educator.
Dixie Lee Bryant was born on January 7, 1862, in Louisville, Kentucky. After her family moved to Columbia, Tennessee in 1886, she enrolled in the Columbia Female Institute. Despite her desire to access a full college education, no Southern universities would admit her as a woman to their science programs. In 1887 she applied, and was admitted to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Boston. She graduated in 1891 with a Bachelor of Science. She submitted a thesis on the tide water region of the Charles River and was the first student (of any gender) to receive a Bachelor of Science in MIT's Course XII Geology department—now called Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences.
She taught natural science at the State Normal School at Plymouth, New Hampshire following her graduation prior to being hired to teach at the North Carolina State Normal Industrial School in Greensboro, in 1892. There, she taught botany, geology and chemistry, as well as tutoring many of the early students who entered the university with little prior education in the sciences. She led the science department until 1901, and presented at regional conferences on teaching technique and curriculum development. Described by former students as "A vigorous, wide-awake, well trained young woman," Bryant was also attributed as establishing the first chemical laboratory for use by women in the state of North Carolina. Bryant also worked as a faculty for the 1894 Summer School for Teachers and Students held in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, where she taught physical geography and botany. In 1897, she and four other women were the first to enroll in the University of North Carolina Chapel Hill. Bryant enrolled for graduate work.
In 1901 Bryant took a leave of absence in 1901 to continue her studies abroad. Early in the year she moved to Madison, Wisconsin to study petrography with Charles R. Van Hise. In the fall of 1901 she moved to Germany to pursue graduate studies. She studied microscopic petrography with Harry Rosenbusch at the University of Heidelberg from 1901 to 1902. She then moved to the Bavarian University in Erlangen, where she studied physics, geology (with Hans Lenk), and botany. She graduated with her PhD in geology in 1904, the first woman to receive a PhD in geology at that university.
Upon her return to State Normal in 1904 she was the first faculty member to hold a PhD. Her credentials did not result in any change in her salary or status and as a result she left the institution in 1905 to teach in public schools in Chicago. For the remainder of her career, Bryant taught in Chicago secondary schools, specifically Hyde Park and Schurz, until 1931 at which point she retired to Asheville, North Carolina. She died in 1949.

## Publications

* Bryant, Dixie Lee (1905). "Beiträge zur Petrographie Spitzbergens" (Document). Erlangen: Erlangen University.
# Rancho Boca de la Playa

Rancho Boca de la Playa was a 6,607-acre (26.74 km$^2$) Mexican land grant in present-day Orange County, California given in 1846 by Governor Pío Pico to Emigdio Véjar. The name refers to the wetlands estuary at the 'mouth of the beach,' or 'boca de la playa' in Spanish. This is the most southerly grant in Orange County, and extended along the Pacific coast from San Juan Creek in the south of present-day San Juan Capistrano south to San Clemente.

## History

Emigdio Véjar (1810–1863) born in Los Angeles, was the son of Francisco Salvador Véjar, who came to Alta California in 1790 as a leather jacket soldier (Soldado de Cuero). Emigdio Véjar was Juez de Campo at Los Angeles, in 1838. He was mayordomo of Mission San Juan Capistrano, and Juez de Paz at San Juan Capistrano in 1844-45. In 1843, he married María Rafaela Avila (1818–), daughter of Antonio Ygnacio Avila. In 1845, he delivered the Mission and all that belonged to it to John Forster. Véjar was granted Rancho Boca de la Playa, one and half square leagues of former Mission San Juan Capistrano land, in 1846. In 1852, Emigdio Vejar married Ysabel Cota.
With the cession of California to the United States following the Mexican-American War, the 1848 Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo provided that the land grants would be honored. As required by the Land Act of 1851, a claim for Rancho Boca de la Playa was filed with the Public Land Commission in 1852, and the grant was patented to Emigdio Vejar in 1879.
In 1860, Véjar sold the rancho to Juan Avila, grantee of Rancho Niguel, who later conveyed it to his son-in-law, Pablo Pryor. Pablo Pryor (1839–1878), the son of Nathaniel Miguel Pryor and Maria Teresa Sepulveda, married Rosa Modesta Avila, Juan Avila's daughter, in 1864. In 1855, Pablo Pryor, filed a lawsuit to perfect title in his claimed two-fifths interest in the Rancho de los Palos Verdes. Pablo Pryor was poisoned and died in 1878.

## Historic sites of the Rancho

* Pablo Pryor Adobe/Hide House. This is possibly the oldest standing adobe dwelling in California. Hides from Mission San Juan Capistrano were tanned and stored here between 1820 and 1840. In 1936 it was occupied by Theresa Pryor Yorba (1866–), a daughter of Pablo Pryor and Rosa Avila, the wife of Miguel Yorba.