# List of wars involving Sudan

This is a list of wars involving the Republic of Sudan and its predecessors.

## Mahdist Sudan (1885–1899)

| Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |
| Mahdist War (1881–1899) | Mahdist State | United Kingdom • Egypt • India • Canada • Colony of New South Wales  Italy • Colony of Eritrea  Ethiopia  Congo Free State | Defeat Sudanese invasions of neighbours repelled Britain and Egypt took over Sudan and turned it into a condominium known as the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan Kassala temporarily occupied by Italy Congo secures the Lado Enclave until 1910 |

## Post-independence (from 1956)

| Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results |
| First Sudanese Civil War (1955–1972) | Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1955–1956) Republic of the Sudan (1956–1969) Democratic Republic of the Sudan (1969–1972) Combat support: Uganda (Joint operations on Ugandan territory, 1965–1969) Libyan Arab Republic (From 1969 and combat involvement at least in 1970) Non-combat support: United Arab Republic Soviet Union United Kingdom China Yugoslavia East Germany Czechoslovakia Saudi Arabia Kingdom of Libya (until 1969) Algeria United States West Germany | SDF mutineers, bandits, and unaffiliated separatist militias ALF (1965–1970) Anyanya (from 1963) Israel (from 1969) Supported by: Ethiopia Uganda (from about 1970) Congo-Léopoldville Kenya France | Stalemate Addis Ababa Agreement Establishment of the Southern Sudan Autonomous Region with various defined powers |
| Lebanese Civil War (1976–1979) | ADF  Syria  Saudi Arabia  Sudan  UAE  Libya  South Yemen | LF | Withdrawal End of ADF mandate following the Hundred Days' War |
| Iran–Iraq War (1982–1988) | Iraq MEK DRFLA KDPI Sudan | Iran KDP PUK Badr Brigades | Stalemate Both Iraq and Iran accepted UNSC Resolution 598 |
| Second Sudanese Civil War (1983–2005) | Sudan Armed Forces PDF Army of Peace Muraheleen Ex-FAR and Interahamwe SSDF SPLA dissidents SPLA-Nasir SPLA-United SSIM/A Nuer White Army Ugandan insurgents: LRA WNBF UNRF (II)  Zaire (1994–1997) al-Qaeda (1991–1996) Iraq China Combat aid: Libya (1986–1991) DR Congo (1998–2003)Non-combat aid: Iran Belarus (from 1996) | SPLA SPLA-Mainstream SPLA-Agar SPDF ALF Titweng SSLM NDA Sudanese Alliance Forces Anyanya II Eastern Coalition Derg (until 1987) PDR Ethiopia (1987–1991) FDR Ethiopia (1995–1998) Eritrea (1996–1998, 2002–2005) Uganda (from 1993) Non-combat aid: Libya (1983–1985) Israel Cuba (until 1991) | Stalemate Comprehensive Peace Agreement Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement Independence of the Republic of South Sudan following a 2011 referendum Unresolved issues result in the Sudan–SPLM-N conflict, and the South Sudanese Civil War |
| First Congo War (1996–1997) | Zaire FAZ White Legion  Sudan Chad Ex-FAR/ALiR Interahamwe CNDD-FDD UNITA ADF FLNC Supported by: France Central African Republic China Israel Kuwait (denied) Mai-Mai | AFDL Rwanda Uganda Burundi Angola SPLA Eritrea Supported by: South Africa Zambia Zimbabwe Ethiopia Tanzania United States (covertly) Mai-Mai | AFDL victory Overthrow of the Mobutu regime Zaire renamed back to the Democratic Republic of the Congo Installation of Laurent-Désiré Kabila as president Beginning of Second Congo War |
| War in Darfur (2003–2020) | Sudan SAF Janjaweed RSF Chadian rebel groups Anti-Gaddafi forces (2011) Supported by:  Libya (2011–2020) China Iran (until 2016) Russia Belarus Syria (2000s, alleged) | SRF (2006–2020) JEM (2003–2020) SLA (some factions) (2003–2020) LJM (2010–11) SLA (some factions) SARC (2014–2020) SLFA (2017–2020) SLA-Unity SLMJ JEM (Jali) Supported by:  South Sudan  Chad (2005–2010)  Eritrea (until 2008) Libya (until 2011)  Uganda (until 2015) UNAMID (2007–2020) | Stalemate Intertwined with the Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile (Until 2020) Comprehensive peace agreement signed with most rebel groups Darfur Peace Agreement |
| Invasion of Anjouan (2008) | African Union  Comoros  Senegal  Sudan  Tanzania Supported by:  France (logistical support)  Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (logistical support)  United States | Anjouan | Victory Mohamed Bacar flees to Mayotte Autonomous government of Anjouan is replaced |
| War in South Kordofan (2011–2020) | Sudan | SRF (until 2020) JEM SPLM–N SLA Alleged support: Ethiopia | Stalemate Comprehensive peace agreement signed between some rebel factions and the transitional government Strongest rebel faction in South Kordofan and Blue Nile refuses to sign peace deal, continues opposition to government |
| Heglig Crisis (2012) | Sudan | South Sudan JEM SPLM-N | Victory South Sudanese withdrawal from Heglig Agreement on borders and natural resources signed on 26 September |
| Saudi-led intervention in Yemen (2015–) | Hadi government Southern Movement Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates Bahrain Kuwait Qatar Jordan Morocco Sudan Egypt Senegal | Houthi government | Ongoing Houthis dissolve Yemeni government Houthis take control of northern Yemen |
| Al-Fashaga conflict (2020–2022) | Sudan | Amhara militias Alleged: Ethiopia Eritrea | Status quo ante bellum Disengagement and de-escalation Sudan recaptures all of the border territory with Ethiopia. Sudan and Ethiopia agree to settle all disputes peacefully. |
| Sudanese civil war (2023–present) | Government of Sudan Sudanese Armed Forces Popular Defence ForcesPopular Resistance SPLM-N (Agar) SLM (Tambour) (from August 2023) Joint Darfur Force (from November 2023) JEM SLM (Minnawi) | Government of Peace and Unity (from February 2025) Rapid Support Forces non-RSF Janjaweed militias Tamazuj (from August 2023) SPLM-N (al-Hilu) (from February 2025) SPLM-N (al-Hilu) (June 2023 – February 2025) SLM (al-Nur) | Ongoing Rapid Support Forces occupy most of Darfur, and parts of Khartoum State, White Nile and Kordofan. SPLM-N (al-Hilu) occupies parts of South Kordofan. SLM (al-Nur) control parts of Darfur Since 26 September 2024, the RSF loses much of the Butana |