# McHenry County, Illinois

McHenry County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 Census, it had a population of 310,229, making it the sixth-most populous county in Illinois. Its county seat is Woodstock. McHenry County is one of the five Illinois collar counties in the Chicago metropolitan area. Long known as a center of recreation along with agriculture in the western portion, it has recently experienced rapid rates of suburbanization, exurbanization and urbanization, but the western segment of the county remains primarily agricultural and rural.

## History

McHenry County was formed in 1836 out of Cook and LaSalle counties. The county was named for Major William McHenry, a member of the Illinois Militia during Tecumseh's War, a major during the Blackhawk War in 1832, and a member of the Illinois House of Representatives and Senate. He died in Vandalia, Illinois in 1835.
McHenry County originally stretched all the way east to Lake Michigan, with the county seat centrally in McHenry, but in 1839, the eastern townships of the county were carved out forming Lake County.
* McHenry County at the time of its creation in 1836
* McHenry County was reduced to its current size in 1839 by the creation of Lake County, Illinois.

### Historical sites

* The Count's House, 3803 Waukegan Rd, McHenry
* Charles H. Hibbard House, 413 W Grant Hwy, Marengo
* Col. Gustavus A. Palmer House, 5516 Terra Cotta Rd., Crystal Lake
* Orson Rogers House, 19621 E Grant Hwy, Marengo
* Lucein Boneparte Covell House, 5805 Broadway, Richmond
* Memorial Hall, 10308 Main St, Richmond
* Old McHenry County Courthouse, Woodstock City Square, Woodstock
* Woodstock Opera House, 110 Van Buren St, Woodstock
* Woodstock Square Historic District, Woodstock
* George Stickney House, 1904 Cherry Valley Rd, Bull Valley
* Terwilliger House, Mason Hill Rd & Cherry Valley Rd, Bull Valley

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 611 square miles (1,580 km$^2$), of which 603 square miles (1,560 km$^2$) is land and 7.6 square miles (20 km$^2$) (1.3%) is water.

### Adjacent counties

* Walworth County, Wisconsin - north
* Kenosha County, Wisconsin - northeast
* Lake County - east
* Cook County - southeast
* Kane County - south
* DeKalb County - southwest
* Boone County - west

## Climate and weather

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Woodstock have ranged from a low of 11 °F (−12 °C) in January to a high of 85 °F (29 °C) in July, although a record low of −29 °F (−34 °C) was recorded in January 1979 and a record high of 109 °F (43 °C) was recorded in July 1936. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.29 inches (33 mm) in February to 4.56 inches (116 mm) in June.
McHenry County is like much of the Upper Midwest, as it usually sees hot, humid summers, and cold, snowy winters. The county is notably susceptible to high wind events, blizzards, severe thunderstorms, tornadoes, and flooding.
Some of the most notable weather events in the county include the 1965 Palm Sunday tornado outbreak, the Blizzard of 1967, the 1967 Belvidere - Oak Lawn tornado outbreak, the Blizzard of 1979, the Flood of 1996, the Blizzard of 1999, the Early Winter 2006 North American Storm Complex, the 2007 Midwest flooding event, the January 2008 tornado outbreak sequence, and the Blizzard of 2011.

## Demographics

McHenry county has the highest percentage of non-Hispanic whites amongst the five collar counties of Chicago (McHenry, Lake, DuPage, Kane, and Will).

### 2020 census

McHenry County, Illinois – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000 | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 233,026 | 258,584 | 238,659 | 89.60% | 83.75% | 76.93% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 1,379 | 3,045 | 4,073 | 0.53% | 0.99% | 1.31% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 352 | 455 | 325 | 0.14% | 0.15% | 0.10% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 3,734 | 7,712 | 8,669 | 1.44% | 2.50% | 2.79% |
| Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 42 | 68 | 45 | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.01% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 150 | 210 | 872 | 0.06% | 0.07% | 0.28% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 1,792 | 3,437 | 10,881 | 0.69% | 1.11% | 3.51% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 19,602 | 35,249 | 46,705 | 7.54% | 11.42% | 15.06% |
| Total | 260,077 | 308,760 | 310,229 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
As of the 2010 census, there were 308,760 people, 109,199 households, and 82,288 families residing in the county. The population density was 511.9 inhabitants per square mile (197.6/km$^2$). There were 116,040 housing units at an average density of 192.4 per square mile (74.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 90.1% white, 2.5% Asian, 1.1% black or African American, 0.3% American Indian, 4.3% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 11.4% of the population. In terms of ancestry, 34.4% were of German heritage, 18.7% were of Irish ancestry, 14.2% Polish, 10.8% Italian, 7.8% English, and 3.7% of American heritage.
Of the 109,199 households, 40.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.3% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 24.6% were non-families, and 19.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.25. The median age was 38.0 years.
The median income for a household in the county was $76,482 and the median income for a family was $86,698. Males had a median income of $61,971 versus $42,125 for females. The per capita income for the county was $31,838. About 4.9% of families and 6.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.3% of those under age 18 and 4.6% of those age 65 or over.

## Communities
### Cities

* Crystal Lake
* Harvard
* Marengo
* McHenry (mostly)
* Woodstock (county seat)

### Villages

* Algonquin (mostly)
* Barrington Hills (part)
* Bull Valley
* Cary
* Fox Lake (part)
* Fox River Grove (part)
* Greenwood
* Hebron
* Holiday Hills
* Huntley (part)
* Island Lake (part)
* Johnsburg
* Lake in the Hills
* Lakemoor (part)
* Lakewood
* McCullom Lake
* Oakwood Hills
* Port Barrington (part)
* Prairie Grove
* Richmond
* Ringwood
* Spring Grove
* Trout Valley
* Union
* Wonder Lake

### Census-designated places

* Alden
* Big Foot Prairie
* Burtons Bridge
* Chemung
* Coral
* Franklinville
* Harmony
* Hartland
* Lawrence
* Pistakee Highlands
* Ridgefield
* Riley
* Solon Mills
Before the 2020 Census, only Chemung and Pistakee Highlands were CDPs.

### Unincorporated communities

* Belden
* Palm Beach (part)
* Silver Lake
* Terra Cotta

### Townships

* Alden
* Algonquin
* Burton
* Chemung
* Coral
* Dorr
* Dunham
* Grafton
* Greenwood
* Hartland
* Hebron
* Marengo
* McHenry
* Nunda
* Richmond
* Riley
* Seneca

## Government

McHenry County government is based primarily out of Woodstock, the county seat. The McHenry County Government Center, located on the north end of Woodstock along Illinois Route 47, features county offices as well as judicial facilities.
The current Sheriff of McHenry County, Illinois is Robb Tadelmann, who was first elected in 2022.

### Politics

As one of the Yankee-settled and prosperous outer suburban "collar counties", McHenry County was a stronghold of the Free Soil Party in its first few elections, being one of nine Illinois counties to give a plurality to Martin van Buren in 1848. McHenry County has voted for the Republican candidate for president in all but two elections since 1852 (the Republican party was founded in 1854), the first being when “Bull Moose” candidate and former Republican president Theodore Roosevelt won the county in 1912. Recent elections in 2004 and 2000 saw George W. Bush capture 59.72% and 58.5% of the county vote, respectively. In 2008, Democrat Barack Obama, then a Senator from Illinois, captured McHenry County with 52% of the vote—the first time a Democrat had carried the county since 1852. In the 2012 presidential election, Obama only received 44% of the vote whereas Republican Mitt Romney captured 53% of the vote. In the 2016 presidential election, Republican Donald Trump received 50% of the vote whereas Democratic Hillary Clinton received 42% of the vote. In 2020, Joe Biden came within 3% of carrying the county for the Democrats for the second time since 1852. McHenry County is now the only collar county that still leans Republican.
No person with significant ties to McHenry County has ever been elected to the United States Congress or Illinois governorship. The mother of U.S. President Gerald Ford, Dorothy Ayer Gardner, was born in Harvard in 1892.
United States presidential election results for McHenry County, Illinois :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 83,933 | 51.47% | 75,370 | 46.22% | 3,779 | 2.32% |
| 2020 | 82,260 | 49.98% | 78,154 | 47.49% | 4,164 | 2.53% |
| 2016 | 71,612 | 49.75% | 60,803 | 42.24% | 11,515 | 8.00% |
| 2012 | 71,598 | 53.34% | 59,797 | 44.55% | 2,842 | 2.12% |
| 2008 | 64,845 | 46.44% | 72,288 | 51.77% | 2,499 | 1.79% |
| 2004 | 76,412 | 59.72% | 50,330 | 39.34% | 1,206 | 0.94% |
| 2000 | 62,112 | 58.49% | 40,698 | 38.33% | 3,375 | 3.18% |
| 1996 | 41,136 | 49.41% | 31,240 | 37.52% | 10,880 | 13.07% |
| 1992 | 41,356 | 46.84% | 24,783 | 28.07% | 22,155 | 25.09% |
| 1988 | 46,135 | 70.44% | 18,919 | 28.88% | 445 | 0.68% |
| 1984 | 47,282 | 76.21% | 14,420 | 23.24% | 340 | 0.55% |
| 1980 | 40,045 | 64.95% | 14,540 | 23.58% | 7,070 | 11.47% |
| 1976 | 37,115 | 67.50% | 16,799 | 30.55% | 1,075 | 1.95% |
| 1972 | 36,114 | 74.75% | 12,090 | 25.02% | 108 | 0.22% |
| 1968 | 27,245 | 66.15% | 10,896 | 26.46% | 3,044 | 7.39% |
| 1964 | 22,503 | 55.54% | 18,014 | 44.46% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1960 | 25,787 | 66.97% | 12,659 | 32.87% | 62 | 0.16% |
| 1956 | 24,912 | 78.34% | 6,820 | 21.45% | 66 | 0.21% |
| 1952 | 20,975 | 74.23% | 7,218 | 25.54% | 64 | 0.23% |
| 1948 | 15,387 | 73.45% | 5,459 | 26.06% | 103 | 0.49% |
| 1944 | 15,666 | 73.55% | 5,567 | 26.14% | 66 | 0.31% |
| 1940 | 16,480 | 72.30% | 6,170 | 27.07% | 145 | 0.64% |
| 1936 | 12,031 | 60.56% | 6,893 | 34.70% | 942 | 4.74% |
| 1932 | 9,880 | 53.14% | 8,260 | 44.42% | 454 | 2.44% |
| 1928 | 10,661 | 65.33% | 5,596 | 34.29% | 62 | 0.38% |
| 1924 | 8,751 | 67.24% | 1,372 | 10.54% | 2,892 | 22.22% |
| 1920 | 9,885 | 85.10% | 1,536 | 13.22% | 195 | 1.68% |
| 1916 | 9,024 | 72.00% | 3,278 | 26.15% | 231 | 1.84% |
| 1912 | 2,370 | 31.82% | 1,913 | 25.69% | 3,164 | 42.49% |
| 1908 | 5,331 | 71.07% | 1,887 | 25.16% | 283 | 3.77% |
| 1904 | 5,409 | 77.21% | 1,309 | 18.68% | 288 | 4.11% |
| 1900 | 5,234 | 70.09% | 2,076 | 27.80% | 158 | 2.12% |
| 1896 | 5,047 | 70.91% | 1,913 | 26.88% | 157 | 2.21% |
| 1892 | 3,205 | 55.16% | 2,311 | 39.78% | 294 | 5.06% |

## Education

McHenry County College, a growing community college established in 1967, serves the majority of county residents. The college includes 2,000 full-time students and 5,800 part-time students. The main campus is located on the northwest side of Crystal Lake, along U.S. Route 14. Secondary facilities exist in Crystal Lake and McHenry.
McHenry County also includes dozens of school districts. This is a list of high schools that can be found in the county:
Public High Schools in McHenry County :
| Name of School | School District | Enrollment (2018–19) | Athletic Conference | Team Mascot | City |
| Alden-Hebron High School | Alden-Hebron School District #19 | 110 | Northeastern Athletic Conference | Giants | Hebron |
| Cary-Grove High School | Community High School District 155 | 1,644 | Fox Valley Conference | Trojans | Cary |
| Crystal Lake Central High School | Community High School District 155 | 1,477 | Fox Valley Conference | Tigers | Crystal Lake |
| Crystal Lake South High School | Community High School District 155 | 1,480 | Fox Valley Conference | Gators | Crystal Lake |
| Harry D. Jacobs High School | Community Unit School District 300 | 2,089 | Fox Valley Conference | Golden Eagles | Algonquin |
| Harvard High School | Community Unit School District 50 | 740 | Kishwaukee River Conference | Hornets | Harvard |
| Huntley High School | Consolidated School District 158 | 3,082 | Fox Valley Conference | Red Raiders | Huntley |
| Johnsburg High School | Johnsburg District 12 | 593 | Kishwaukee River Conference | Skyhawks | Johnsburg |
| Marengo Community High School | Marengo Community High School District 154 | 665 | Kishwaukee River Conference | Indians | Marengo |
| McHenry East High School | McHenry Community High School District 156 | 700 | Fox Valley Conference | Warriors | McHenry |
| McHenry West High School | McHenry Community High School District 156 | 1,443 | Fox Valley Conference | Warriors | McHenry |
| Prairie Ridge High School | Community High School District 155 | 1,371 | Fox Valley Conference | Wolves | Crystal Lake |
| Richmond-Burton Community High School | Richmond-Burton High School District 157 | 636 | Kishwaukee River Conference | Rockets | Richmond |
| Woodstock High School | Woodstock Community Unit School District 200 | 1,008 | Kishwaukee River Conference | Blue Streaks | Woodstock |
| Woodstock North High School | Woodstock Community Unit School District 200 | 949 | Kishwaukee River Conference | Thunder | Woodstock |
Students in McHenry County may also be zoned into schools in other counties, such as Dundee-Crown High School in neighboring Carpentersville.
Private High Schools in McHenry County :
| Name of School | Religious Affiliation | Enrollment | Athletic Conference | Team Mascot | City |
| Marian Central Catholic High School | Roman Catholic | 590 | East Suburban Catholic Conference | Hurricanes | Woodstock |

## Medical facilities

Hospitals currently in the county include Mercy Harvard Hospital, Centegra Northern Illinois Medical Center in McHenry, Centegra Memorial Medical Center in Woodstock, and Centegra's Northwestern Medicine Huntley Hospital. Amita (formerly Presence) and Advocate health systems also maintain a strong influence in the county, and have hospitals in nearby Elgin and Barrington. On September 1, 2018, Centegra was acquired by Northwestern Medicine of Chicagonois. Prior to its acquisition by Northwestern Medicine, Centegra was the largest independent employer in McHenry County. It is now part of a network of more than 10 hospitals and 400 care locations.

## Economy

Much of McHenry County's economy centers around manufacturing, metalworking, media development and printing, transportation equipment, agriculture, health care, education, retail, food production, distribution, and technology. Gravel mining makes up a sizable portion of the county's economy.
The major employment centers can be found in Crystal Lake, Algonquin, Huntley, McHenry, and Woodstock. The southern portions of the county are within the scope of the Golden Corridor, the region of commerce along the Jane Addams Memorial Tollway.

### Shopping

The county is known for its wide variety of shopping options. McHenry, Crystal Lake, and Algonquin/Lake in the Hills have established themselves as major retail areas, all featuring an array of big box stores, specialty stores, and restaurants. While there are no major malls located within the county, several lie just outside its borders: the lifestyle centers Algonquin Commons and Algonquin Galleria, and the regional indoor mall Spring Hill Mall in West Dundee.
In addition, several historic downtowns throughout the county offer unique shops and eateries in charming environments. The Woodstock Square Historic District, antique shops in Richmond and Hebron, downtown Crystal Lake and downtown Algonquin, and shops in other historic downtowns throughout the county accommodate residents and tourists alike. McHenry's Green Street is also a major attraction in the county.

## Recreation

The entire county is served by the McHenry County Conservation District, which preserves sensitive land throughout the county and provides recreational opportunities for residents. The District also operates the McHenry County Prairie Path, a regional bike path that extends from the Wisconsin State Line in Richmond southward to Algonquin, where the path connects with the Fox River Bike Trail, which continues south to Aurora.
In addition, the Fox River, Kishwaukee River and Chain O'Lakes provide immense opportunities for boating, fishing, swimming, and other water activities. Moraine Hills State Park and Chain O' Lakes State Park are both located in the county, adjacent to the waterway. Other major lakes in the county include Crystal Lake, Wonder Lake, and McCullom Lake.
There are also dozens of parks, golf courses, and country clubs throughout the county. Major skiing areas include Nordic Ski Jump in Fox River Grove and Buffalo Snowboarding Park in Algonquin. In addition, the Windy City Balloon Port in Fox River Grove offers hot air balloon rides over the Fox River Valley.
In 2012, the Hackmatack National Wildlife Refuge was established and encompasses parts of McHenry County.

## Culture

McHenry County has an active art and theater scene. The historic Woodstock Opera House and Crystal Lake's Raue Center for the Arts both provide exceptional programs. In addition, Algonquin is noted for its Public Art Program, which showcases artwork year-round throughout the community. The county is also ideal for photography and filming. Much of the filming for the 1993 movie Groundhog Day took place in Woodstock.
There are also several important points of interest in the county including the Illinois Railway Museum and McHenry County Historical Museum in Union, the Old McHenry County Courthouse in Woodstock, and a variety of historical homes including the Orson Rogers House, George Stickney House, Charles H. Hibbard House, the Terwilliger House, the Count's House, and the Dole Mansion.
Throughout the year are a variety of festivals throughout the county, the centerpiece of which is the McHenry County Fair, occurring during a week in August in Woodstock. Many towns also have their own festivals throughout the year. Some of the most notable ones are the Ground Hog Days and the Great Lake Steelpan Festival in Woodstock, Fall Fest in Huntley, the Summer Sunset Festival in Lake in the Hills, the Lakeside Festival in Crystal Lake, Milk Days in Harvard, Settler's Days in Marengo, Cary Days in Cary, Founders Days in Algonquin, and Fiesta Days in McHenry.

## Transportation
### Major highways

* Interstate 90
* U.S. Highway 12
* U.S. Highway 14
* U.S. Highway 20
* Illinois Route 22
* Illinois Route 23
* Illinois Route 31
* Illinois Route 47
* Illinois Route 62
* Illinois Route 120
* Illinois Route 173
* Illinois Route 176
* Lake Cook Road
* Randall Road
Several Federal and state highways run through McHenry County, including U.S. Highway 20, U.S. Highway 14, U.S. Highway 12, Illinois Route 22, Illinois Route 23, Illinois Route 173, Illinois Route 120, Illinois Route 176, Illinois Route 47, Illinois Route 31, and Illinois Route 62. Highly traveled county highways include Randall Road, Algonquin Road, Rakow Road, and Walkup Road.
McHenry County was the most populous county in the United States without direct access to an Interstate Highway within its borders. As a result, residents usually used the nearby Interstate 90 (the Jane Addams Memorial Tollway), via interchanges in neighboring Kane County. But a new interchange is now completed at I-90 and Illinois Route 23, which provides McHenry County with direct access to the interstate highway system.
Interstate 94 lies to the east of McHenry County in Lake County, Illinois.

### Mass transportation

McHenry County is served by Metra Rail, which provides daily commuter service to and from downtown Chicago. There are seven stations in the county, all of them located along the Union Pacific Northwest Line. The county is also served by Pace, which provides four fixed bus routes (550, 806, 807, and 808), and MCRide Dial-A-Ride transit service operated by Pace and First Transit.

### Airports

Lake in the Hills Airport offers general aviation service, as do Dacy Airport and Galt Airport, in the northern part of the county. Chicago-O'Hare International Airport is approximately 30 to 40 miles (48 to 64 km) from the county, while Milwaukee's Milwaukee Mitchell International Airport is approximately 50 to 60 miles (80 to 97 km) away. Chicago Rockford International Airport, a busy cargo airport with limited, scheduled passenger service is located approximately 42 miles (68 km) west of the central part of the county (Woodstock).

## Media

McHenry County is entirely within the scope of the Chicago media market and the majority of the county relies primarily on Chicago television stations, radio stations, and newspapers for the source of its news and information. Certain sections of the county, particularly the rural far northern and far western parts, are also within the scope of the Milwaukee and Rockford media markets, respectively.
The county has an FM radio station, WZSR (Star 105.5 FM), which plays mostly adult contemporary and pop music. WZSR is based out of Crystal Lake.
The Northwest Herald, with a circulation of approximately 21,000, is the county's primary newspaper, serving the greater McHenry County area, and printed and published in Crystal Lake.
Lake and McHenry County Scanner, launched in 2012 by Sam Borcia, is a local digital newspaper which covers McHenry County and nearby Lake County, Illinois.
The county is also served by the larger Chicago newspapers Chicago Tribune, Chicago Sun-Times, and the suburban-focused newspaper The Daily Herald.
McHenry County Living, a bimonthly lifestyle magazine serving the county, reaches tens of thousands of area residents and businesses.