OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Samuel Brandon

Samuel Brandon may refer to:
* Samuel Brandon (author), 16th-century English writer
* Sam Brandon (born 1979), American football player
* S. G. F. Brandon (Samuel George Frederick Brandon, 1907–1971), British comparative theologian
# Andrew Turner (rugby union, born 1993)

Andrew Turner (born March 24, 1993) is a London, England-born rugby union player who has played for the United States men's national team. Turner has also previously played for Gordon RFC and London Scottish FC.

## Club career
### Gordon

Turner made his debut for Gordon RFC on April 6, 2013, starting at lock, in a 28–11 defeat to Manly. Over the course of the 2013 and 2014 Shute Shield seasons, Turner made eleven total appearances for the club, starting in five matches; he did not score during his tenure with the club.

### London Scottish

Turner made his debut for London Scottish FC on September 4, 2015, starting at wing, in a 23–19 defeat to Moseley in the RFU Championship. During the 2015–16 British and Irish Cup, Turner made three total appearances for the club; he scored one try during the competition. During the 2015–16 RFU Championship season, Turner made two total appearances for the club; he did not score in either match. After the 2015–16 season, Turner did not rejoin the club.

## International career
### USA Eagles

Turner was first named to the roster for the USA Eagles ahead of the 2017 Americas Rugby Championship. Turner made his debut for the Eagles on February 25, 2017, appearing as a substitute and playing at scrum-half, in a 57–9 victory against Chile. As of April 2019, this is the only appearance that he has made for the Eagles.
# Queensport Aquarium

The Queensport Aquarium is considered the first amusement park in Queensland, Australia. It was located at Hemmant (in present-day Murarrie) in Brisbane on the lower reaches of the Brisbane River. It operated from 1889 to 1901.
The Aquarium was officially opened with great celebration on 7 August 1889. In addition to the aquarium with its marine life ranging from seals to sharks, there were the "finest collection of tigers in captivity", a black Java panther, a cheetah, bears, monkeys, a collection of birds (parrots, cockatoos, pigeons, doves, English finches and black swans) and reptiles.
Viewing the animals was only part of the entertainment at Queensland's first theme park. The huge concert hall was equipped with an organ which entertained guests at concerts on Saturday and Sunday afternoons. There was also an Aquarium Band to serenade the "best singers" who could be found in Brisbane. The Aquarium boosted the popularity of the area; land near the Aquarium was subdivided and sold as The Queensport Aquarium Estate.
The crowds who visited the Aquarium arrived by steamer from the Aquarium Company's own wharf in the Brisbane city centre. This was a package deal. The return fare on the steamers Natone, the Woolwich or the Alice cost two shillings for adults and one shilling for a child. Moonlit excursions to dances in the concert hall were well patronised. The Aquarium and its hall were equipped with every modern convenience including electric light which was connected in September 1889.
Daytime activities included sports days to celebrate the new year, picnics on Foundation Day (as Australia Day was then known) and, in May 1891, the amazing sight of a hot air balloon delighted the crowd. The Brisbane Courier reported, "Professor Fernandez, an aeronaut who has performed many remarkable feats in the Southern colonies, appeared at the Queensport Aquarium and made his first balloon ascent in this colony", a feat which nearly ended in disaster when the balloon began to deflate and appeared likely to sink into the river. Fortunately, the balloon rose again and landed safely.
The Aquarium was not greatly troubled by the large flood in 1890, even though the wharf in the city was inundated. However, the flood on 5 and 6 February 1893 tore down the fences, liberating many of the animals, and ruined the carefully landscaped gardens. The animals were rescued, but the building was subsequently used as a dance hall. Before long, J D Campbell and the Aquarium Company advertised the sale of the steamers and, although picnic parties from the city continued to travel to dances and picnics, the Aquarium's popularity had diminished by the end of the 19th century.
# Rod Miller

Rod Miller may refer to:
* Roderick Miller (politician) (1924–2005), Louisiana politician
* Roderick Miller (footballer) (born 1992), Panamanian international footballer
* Rod Miller (baseball) (1940–2013), baseball player
* Rodney Miller, Australian police officer
# Solangella meridana

Solangella meridana is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Bates in 1872.
# Samuel Bradstreet

Sir Samuel Bradstreet, 3rd Baronet (October 1738 – 2 May 1791) was an Irish politician, barrister and judge. His independence of mind as a politician gave rise to the somewhat misleading nickname "Slippery Sam".
He was the second son of Sir Simon Bradstreet, 1st Baronet of Riversdale House in Kilmainham, Dublin and his wife and first cousin Ellen Bradstreet, daughter of Samuel Bradstreet of Gowran, County Kilkenny and Elizabeth Agar. In 1773, Samuel succeeded his older brother Simon as third baronet. He was educated at Trinity College Dublin and was then called to the Bar by the Middle Temple in 1758, becoming King's Counsel in 1767
In 1766, he became Recorder of Dublin. Bradstreet entered the Irish House of Commons as Member of Parliament (MP) for Dublin City in 1776, representing the constituency until 1784, when he was appointed Fourth Justice at the Court of King's Bench (Ireland). Ironically, like several of his colleagues, Bradstreet as a politician had opposed increasing the number of High Court judges: Elrington Ball remarked cynically that an increase in the salary and a guarantee of security of tenure soon convinced him of the error of his ways. Unlike many of his colleagues, he was able to work harmoniously with his Chief Justice, John Scott, 1st Earl of Clonmell, who called him "my assistant".
He was a good and frequent speaker in Parliament: though loosely associated with the Irish Patriot Party he clashed on occasion with Henry Grattan, and claimed that the liberties granted by the Constitution of 1782 were insufficient. He prided himself on independence of mind; according to Ball his nickname "Slippery Sam" did not mean that he was corrupt or untrustworthy but rather that no party could ever count on his support.
He was described as firm and decisive in character, rough in manner, and enormously fat (Chief Justice Scott, who was himself rather heavy, flippantly called him "the double man").
On 19 January 1771, he married Elizabeth Tully, daughter of Dr. James Tully, a Dublin physician, and his wife Bridget Netterville, a distant cousin of Viscount Netterville, and had by her four sons. Bradstreet died at his home in Booterstown in County Dublin. He was succeeded in the baronetcy by his oldest son Simon. His widow died in 1799.
# Balvan, Bulgaria

Balvan is a village of Veliko Tarnovo Province, North Bulgaria. The village is about 16 kilometers away from Pavlikeni and around 19 kilometers away from Veliko Tarnovo.

## History

During the Liberation of Bulgaria around 60% of the population were Turkish. The village Vetrenci was the Bulgarian part of the village since 1944.After 1944 the population and the economy of the village grow up. It was made a new place for the farm machines and made mill and produce bread for many places in Veliko Tarnovo province.

## Farming

The head production in the village is for bakery. It had different varieties of wheat and rye.

## Honour

Balvan Point on Nordenskjöld Coast in Graham Land, Antarctica is named after Balvan.
# Steven A. Cook

Steven A. Cook is the Eni Enrico Mattei senior fellow for Middle East and Africa studies at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR). He is the author of False Dawn: Protest, Democracy, and Violence in the New Middle East (Oxford University Press, 2017). He is also the author of The Struggle for Egypt: From Nasser to Tahrir Square (Oxford University Press, 2011) and Ruling But Not Governing: The Military and Political Development in Egypt, Algeria, and Turkey (Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007). Cook contributes regularly to foreign policy journals such as Foreign Affairs, Foreign Policy, The Atlantic, and The New Republic. He also runs a blog about Middle Eastern politics and history.

## Academic background and honors

Cook received his undergraduate degree in International Studies from Vassar College in 1990, a Masters in International Affairs from the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University in 1995, and a PhD in Political Science from the University of Pennsylvania in 2003. Prior to joining CFR, Cook held fellowships at the Brookings Institution (2001–2002) and the Institute of Turkish Studies Research and Writing Fellowship (2001–2002). In 1999, he was a recipient of the Boren Fellowship to Turkey and Egypt.

## Experience

Cook travels to the Middle East, usually Turkey and Egypt, several times a year and has lived in Cairo, Damascus, Jerusalem, Ankara, and Ramallah. He knows three languages: English, Arabic, and Turkish. His research is primarily steeped in civil-military relations in the Middle East and he appears frequently on television and radio interviews to provide expert commentary on unfolding current events in the Middle East.

## Published works
### Books

* False Dawn: Protest, Democracy, and Violence in the New Middle East 2017
* The Struggle for Egypt: From Nasser to Tahrir Square Fall 2011
* Ruling But Not Governing: The Military and Political Development in Egypt, Algeria, and Turkey 2007

### Op-eds

* Tarnished Brass, Foreign Policy, August 2, 2011
* America's Radical Idealists Strike Again, The American Interest, July, 2011
* Arab Spring, Turkish Fall Foreign Policy, May 5, 2011
* After The Arab Spring, The Atlantic, March 28, 2011
* America Shouldn't Hijack Egypt's Revolution, Foreign Policy, March 9, 2011

### Articles

* The U.S.-Egyptian Break Up, Foreign Affairs, February 2, 2011
* Egypt's Hero?, Foreign Affairs, March 26, 2010
* The Third Intifada, The New Republic, November 16, 2009
* Adrift on the Nile, Foreign Affairs, March/April 2009

### Interviews

* More Isolated al-Qaeda In The Mideast, Council on Foreign Relations, May 2, 2011
* Egypt's Referendum: Nervous Steps Forward, Council on Foreign Relations, March 21, 2011
* U.S.-Israeli Relations: Where Do They Go From Here?, PBS NewsHour, March 25, 2010
* Tentative Talks Resume In The Mideast, Worldfocus, March 9, 2010
* Hosni Mubarak Meets with President Obama, Charlie Rose (TV series), August 18, 2009
* July 2006 War Between Lebanon And Israel, Good Morning America, Summer 2006
# Spintharidius

Spintharidius is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1893. As of April 2019 it contains only two species found in South America and the Caribbean.
# 1991 in São Tomé and Príncipe

The following lists events that happened during 1991 in the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe.

## Incumbents

* President: Leonel Mário d'Alva (acting) (until 3 April), Miguel Trovoada (from 3 April)
* Prime Minister: Celestino Rocha da Costa (until 7 February), Daniel Daio (from 7 February)

## Events

* 20 January: The first legislative election took place
* 7 February: Daniel Daio becomes Prime Minister of São Tomé and Príncipe
* 3 March: The first presidential election took place
* 2 April: Miguel Trovoada becomes the second president of São Tomé and Príncipe
* April: the I Constitutional Government of São Tomé and Príncipe began

## Sports

* Santana FC won the São Tomé and Príncipe Football Championship
# R v Mubila

R v Mubila is an important case in South African and Zimbabwean criminal law, heard on August 17, 1955, in which the accused was charged with murder. DP McCormac appeared for the Crown, and John Morris for the accused.
Its significance lies particularly in the area of legal causation. The court expressed negatively the idea of a proximate cause, with the statement that there must be no novus actus interveniens between X's conduct and Y's death; it also expressed it positively, in the contention that Y's death must follow directly from X's conduct.
The court held that, when a complainant has been injured as the result of an assault upon him, he has no obligation to obtain medical assistance to alleviate the gravity of the wound. Nor is there any obligation on him to follow rigidly all the advice given him by his medical advisers if he does seek that assistance. Provided that, in disregarding that advice, he does not introduce some new danger which would not have existed had the advice never been taken at all, his failure to follow that advice cannot be a factor which can avail the accused in any argument that the original injury was not the cause of death.
# Achalcus flavicollis

Achalcus flavicollis is a species of fly belonging to the family Dolichopodidae. It is native to Europe.
# Social Democratic Front

Social Democratic Front may refer to:
* Social Democratic Front (Cameroon), the main opposition party of Cameroon
* Social Democratic Front (Ghana), a former political party in Ghana (1979–1981)
# Rainer Brinkmann

Rainer Brinkmann may refer to:
* Rainer Brinkmann (admiral) (born 1958), German Navy admiral and Deputy Inspector of the Navy
* Rainer Brinkmann (politician) (born 1958), German politician of the Social Democratic Party
# David Wohl

David Wohl is an American comic book writer and editor. He is best known as an editor at Marvel Comics and Top Cow Productions and, at the latter, writing The Darkness and Witchblade.

## Career

David Wohl began his creative career as a high school intern at Marvel Comics. He later became an assistant editor on titles ranging from Spider-Man to X-Men, and later still was promoted to managing editor.
In 1993, Wohl left Marvel to become editor-in-chief and executive vice president of Top Cow Productions, eventually becoming president in 1999. While at Top Cow, he co-created and wrote such comic book franchises as The Darkness, Witchblade, and Aphrodite IX. He worked as a producer on the Witchblade television series that aired on TNT for two seasons. Several episodes of the series were based on Wohl's original story ideas.
In 2003, Wohl joined John Woo's Tiger Hill Entertainment as creative director, working with Clive Barker on Demonik for Majesco Entertainment and with Woo on Stranglehold for Midway Games.
In 2006, Wohl became vice president of development for the fledgling animation company Blockade. As of the late 2000s, the company has four shows in production, led by a television series based on Sony's Heavenly Sword videogame franchise.
Wohl has also worked on comics for HBO's True Blood and New Regency's Se7en franchise.
After a two-year stint as editor-in-chief of Radical Comics, Wohl resumed his role at Blockade, and is currently creating and writing several new projects with Aspen Comics and served as producer on the film adaptation of Ratchet & Clank, released in April, 2016, as well as Sly Cooper (currently in development). Wohl has also recently taken a position as consultant at DC Entertainment, editing several comic lines.
Wohl's most recent series for Aspen are "Executive Assistant: Iris" (currently in Active Development with "American Sniper" production company Mad Chance) and "Santeria: The Goddess Kiss" (released in 2016).
# Saskatchewan Highway 940

Highway 940 is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from Highway 922 to a dead end near the eastern shore of Delaronde Lake. It is about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) long.
# Rákóczifalva

Rákóczifalva is a town in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, in the Northern Great Plain region of central Hungary.

## Geography

It covers an area of 35.94 km$^2$ (14 sq mi) and has a population of 5,307 people (2015).

## International relations

Rákóczifalva is twinned with:
* Wierzchosławice, Poland
# Spring Gap Mountain

Spring Gap Mountain runs southwest northeast through Morgan and Hampshire counties in West Virginia's Eastern Panhandle, rising to its greatest elevation of 2,237 ft (682 m) north of "Spring Gap", from which the mountain takes its name. The gap is the source for Dug Hill Run, a tributary stream of the Little Cacapon River.
Spring Gap Mountain is a mountain ridge with its southern point rising north of Slanesville between Noland Ridge 1,161 ft (354 m) and Sideling Hill. North of Spring Gap, the mountain reaches its highest peak and continues northeast with the Little Cacapon River meandering by Neals Run along its western flank. The northern end of Spring Gap Mountain is located south of West Virginia Route 9 southeast of Paw Paw.
During the French and Indian War (1754–1763), Major General Edward Braddock's march from Winchester, Virginia to Cumberland, Maryland took him and his men across Spring Gap Mountain. Braddock and his men camped atop Spring Gap Mountain because of the abundance of fresh drinking water at the mountain's "Spring Gap." From the mountain, Braddock and his men traveled downhill to the Little Cacapon River, which they followed to Fort Cox on the Potomac River.
# Ponta Negra

Ponta Negra (Portuguese: Black Tip) is a beach and neighborhood located in the Brazilian city of Natal, the capital of the state of Rio Grande do Norte. Located in the extreme south of the beach is the Morro do Careca (Portuguese: Bald Man's Hill), a large dune and a landmark of the city. Located in the extreme north of the beach is the Via Costeira (Coastal Way), a coastal road that connects Ponta Negra with several other beaches of the city, such as Areia Preta and Praia dos Artistas.
The beach is completely urbanized and there are several shops, restaurants, bars, night clubs, and hotels. The sand itself is lined with "tents", or huts, called barracas, which serve food and drinks. A common sight on the beach are jangadas, simple, multicolored, local fishing boats typical of northeastern Brazil.
5°52′52″S 35°10′16″W﻿ / ﻿5.88111°S 35.17111°W﻿ / -5.88111; -35.17111
* This Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
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# R v Nette

R v Nette, 2001 SCC 78 is a Supreme Court of Canada decision on the standard for causation in criminal offences. The Court upheld the "Smithers test" for causation in a criminal charge for manslaughter or murder, but held the test for causation for second degree murder need not be expressed as "a contributing cause of death, outside the de minimis range". Instead, it would be preferable to use positive terms such as "significant contributing cause". In the case of first degree murder under section 231(5) of the Criminal Code (the offence of domination), a jury must also consider the additional R v Harbottle "a substantial causation" standard, but only after finding the accused guilty of murder.

## Background

A 95-year-old widow was robbed and left hog tied in her room. Over a period of 48 hours, she suffocated to death. During an undercover investigation, a suspect, Daniel Nette, had admitted to an undercover officer that he had robbed and killed the widow. Nette was arrested and charged with first-degree murder under section 231(5) of the Criminal Code.
The leading case on causation was Smithers v R, which required proof of "a contributing cause of death, outside the de minimis range".
In his appeal to the Supreme Court, Nette argued the trial judge misdirected the jury on the standard of causation applicable to second degree murder. The issue before the Supreme Court was whether the standard for causation should be the de minimis test from Smithers, or the "substantial and integral contributing cause" test from Harbottle.

## Opinion of the Court

Arbour J, for the majority, noted that the Smithers causation test applies to all forms of homicide. However, the current de minimis test, defining the standard as "not a trivial cause" or "not insignificant", is not helpful and instead should be formulated positively such as "significant contributing cause". She went on to say that since causation is largely fact-driven the judge should have the discretion to rephrase the test as the facts warrant giving the example of Harbottle where, given the high degree of blameworthiness and stigma of the charge, the test was formulated as "a substantial cause".

## Concurring opinion

L'Heureux-Dubé, in a concurring opinion, disagreed with Arbour's reformulation of the causation test. She argued that there is a distinction between "not trivial or insignificant" and a "significant contributing cause". Phrased positively, the test has a higher standard that requires a stronger causal relationship.
# AgeX Therapeutics

AgeX Therapeutics, Inc. (commonly abbreviated as AgeX Therapeutics or simply AgeX) is an American biotechnology company developing medical therapeutics related to human longevity. It was founded in 2017 by Michael D. West, initially as a subsidiary of BioTime, Inc. with backing from British billionaire investor Jim Mellon and others.
The chairman is Gregory Bailey, who was an early backer and board member of Medivation until its acquisition by Pfizer in 2016 for $14 billion.
In January 2020, AgeX Therapeutics announced a research collaboration with a Japanese biopharma company utilizing AgeX's UniverCyte technology platform.
# Ralph Jones (footballer)

Ralph Jones (born 1876) was a Welsh international footballer. He was part of the Wales national football team, playing 1 match on 18 March 1899 against Scotland. At club level, he played for Druids.
# David Wixon Pratt

David Wixon Pratt is an American physicist, Professor of Chemistry at the University of Pittsburgh.
He was awarded an A.B. in Chemistry by Princeton University in 1959 and, after serving as a fleet officer in the U.S. Navy from 1959 to 1962, gained a Ph.D. in 1967 from the University of California at Berkeley on magnetic resonance. He then did postdoc research at the University of California at Santa Barbara on optical spectroscopy before moving in 1968 to become Professor of Chemistry at the University of Pittsburgh.
He was awarded the status of Fellow in the American Physical Society, after he was nominated by the Division of Chemical Physics in 1990, for "significant contributions to molecular spectroscopy, particularly the elucidation of intramolecular relaxation in intermediate molecules, and the development of laser-induced phosphorescence spectroscopy and ultrahigh-resolution spectroscopy in supersonic jets". He is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and a member of the American Chemical Society.
He was awarded the 1999 APS Earle K. Plyler Prize for Molecular Spectroscopy for "pioneering work in ultrahigh resolution ultraviolet spectroscopy of cold molecules in beams that elucidated the structure and isomerization dynamics of a wide range of large molecules, molecular vibrational dynamics, and hydrogen bonding".
# Saskatchewan Highway 937

Highway 937 is a provincial highway in the north-west region of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from Highway 921 / Highway 939 westward until it downgrades to a local road near a bridge over a tributary of the Randall River. It is about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) long.
# Pseudolechriops

Pseudolechriops is a genus of Central American weevils alternatively placed in the subfamily Conoderinae or Baridinae. Established by the English entomologist George Charles Champion in 1906, the genus contained only one species, P. megacephala, until several related species were described in 2005.

## Species

* Pseudolechriops alleni Hespenheide & LaPierre, 2005
* Pseudolechriops coleyae Hespenheide & LaPierre, 2005
* Pseudolechriops davidsonae Hespenheide & LaPierre, 2005
* Pseudolechriops dimorpha Hespenheide & LaPierre, 2005
* Pseudolechriops howdenorum Hespenheide & LaPierre, 2005
* Pseudolechriops janeae Hespenheide & LaPierre, 2005
* Pseudolechriops klopferi Hespenheide & LaPierre, 2005
* Pseudolechriops longinoi Hespenheide & LaPierre, 2005
* Pseudolechriops megacephala Champion, 1906
* Pseudolechriops wrightae Hespenheide & LaPierre, 2005