OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Courage (disambiguation)

Courage is the ability to confront fear in the face of pain, danger, uncertainty or intimidation.
Courage may also refer to:

## Ethics

* Civil courage, a core issue in ethics
* Moral courage, an important virtue in various areas of life

## Arts and entertainment
### Film and television

* Courage (1921 film), an American silent drama film
* Courage (1930 film), an American drama film
* Courage (1939 film), a Soviet adventure film
* Courage, or Raw Courage, a 1984 film starring Ronny Cox
* Courage, a 1986 television film starring Sophia Loren
* Courage (2011 film), a Polish film
* Courage (2021 film), a German-Belarusian documentary film
* Courage (Courage the Cowardly Dog), the title character of the animated TV series Courage the Cowardly Dog
* "Courage" (X-Men), a television episode

### Literature and periodicals

* Courage (newspaper), a German feminist newspaper 1976–1984
* Courage: Eight Portraits, a 2007 book by Gordon Brown
* Courage: The Backbone of Leadership, a 2006 book by Gus Lee and Diane Elliott-Lee

### Music

* The Courage, an American folk rock band

#### Albums

* Courage (Celine Dion album) or the title song (see below), 2019
* Courage (Fish Leong album) or the title song, 2000
* Courage (Frankie J album) or the title song, 2011
* Courage (Milton Nascimento album) or the title song, 1969
* Courage (Paula Cole album), 2007
* Courage (EP), by the Bats, or the title song, 1993

#### Songs

* "Courage" (Celine Dion song), 2019
* "Courage (for Hugh MacLennan)", by the Tragically Hip, 1993
* "Courage", by the Bats from Silverbeet, 1993
* "Courage", by Alien Ant Farm from Anthology, 2001
* "Courage", by Flatfoot 56 from Black Thorn, 2010
* "Courage", by Orianthi from Believe (II), 2010
* "Courage", by Pink from Hurts 2B Human, 2019
* "Courage", by Superchick from Beauty from Pain, 2005
* "Courage", by Villagers from Darling Arithmetic, 2015
* "Courage", by the Whitest Boy Alive from Rules, 2009

## Organizations and companies

* Courage Brewery, a defunct British brewery
* Courage Compétition, a motor racing team and company based at Le Mans
* Courage Foundation, a fundraising trust for the legal defence of whistleblowers and journalists
* Courage International, a Roman Catholic organization
* Courage Investment Group, a Bermuda-registered shipping company
* Courage UK (originally Courage Trust), a nonprofit evangelical Christian organisation
* Courage, the mascot and the motto of the Second Cavalry Regiment, an Australian Army Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment

## People with the surname

* Alexander Courage (1919–2008), American composer
* Anthony Courage (1875 – 1944), one of the British First World War cavalry generals
* James Courage (1903–1963), New Zealand novelist
* Piers Courage (1942–1970), British race car driver
# Posterstein

Posterstein is a German municipality in the Thuringian Landkreis of Altenburger Land.

## Geography
### Neighboring municipalities

Municipalities near Posterstein are Heukewalde, Löbichau, Nöbdenitz, and Vollmershain in the district of Altenburger Land; as well as Paitzdorf and the city of Ronneburg in the district of Greiz.

### Municipal arrangement

Stolzenberg is Posterstein's only subdivision.

## History

Within the German Empire (1871–1918), Posterstein was part of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg.

## Culture and landmarks

The Postersteiner Burg, which is lit up at night, is the most important building in the town. It is also visible north of the community from the Bundesautobahn 4.

## Business and transportation

The next train station on the rail line from Posterstein is in Nöbdenitz.
# 2015 Le Samyn des Dames

The 2015 Le Samyn des Dames was the fourth running of the women's Le Samyn, a women's bicycle race in Hainaut, Belgium. It was held on 4 March 2015 over a distance of 112.0 kilometres (69.6 miles) starting in Quaregnon and finishing in Dour. It was rated by the UCI as a 1.2 category race.

## Race

Due to the high speed in the beginning of the race, the bunch broke into several groups. The first group got an advantage of 25 seconds, but later it all came together. Within the last two laps of a 24.7-kilometre (15.3-mile) circuit there were the first mountain sprints. The first sprint was won by Anna van der Breggen ahead of Chloe Hosking and Ellen van Dijk, of which Van der Breggen and Van Dijk were the two riders who broke away on a mountain in Omloop Het Nieuwsblad a few days earlier and won the race. Due to the mountain sprint the peloton broke in several groups. After the second mountain sprint won by Sofie De Vuyst ahead of Elena Cecchini and Emma Johansson, Gracie Elvin tried to escape but was pulled back a bit later. In the last lap six riders (Johansson, Ashleigh Moolman, Van der Breggen, Hosking, Megan Guarnier and Amy Pieters) from the front group escaped with 20 kilometres (12 miles) to go and got a maximum advantage of 1 minutes and 10 seconds with 15 kilometres (9.3 miles) to go. Johansson reached the third mountain first, ahead of Guarnier and Moolman. In the final 4 kilometres (2.5 miles) after the last cobbled section, van Dijk started chasing at the head of the peloton and was able to close the gap with the front group. She also was a good lead-out for her Boels–Dolmans team mate Chantal Blaak who won the peloton sprint. Van der Breggen finished second and Johansson third.

## Result

Result :
| Rank | Rider | Team | Time |
| 1 | Chantal Blaak (NED) | Boels–Dolmans | 2h 56' 03" |
| 2 | Anna van der Breggen (NED) | Rabo–Liv | + 0" |
| 3 | Emma Johansson (SWE) | Orica–AIS | + 0" |
| 4 | Chloe Hosking (AUS) | Wiggle–Honda | + 0" |
| 5 | Jolien D'Hoore (BEL) | Wiggle–Honda | + 0" |
| 6 | Ashleigh Moolman (RSA) | Bigla Pro Cycling Team | + 0" |
| 7 | Amy Pieters (NED) | Team Liv–Plantur | + 0" |
| 8 | Roxane Knetemann (NED) | Rabo–Liv | + 0" |
| 9 | Megan Guarnier (USA) | Boels–Dolmans | + 0" |
| 10 | Elena Cecchini (ITA) | Lotto–Soudal Ladies | + 0" |
# Alcée

Alcée (or Alcee) is a given name. Notable people with the given name include:

## People

* Alcée Chriss III, American organist, composer, and conductor
* Alcée Fortier (1856–1914) American professor of languages in New Orleans, Louisiana
** Alcée Fortier High School, a former high school in Uptown New Orleans, Louisiana
* Alcee Hastings (1936–2021), American politician and judge; U.S. Congressman from Florida
* Alcée Louis la Branche (1806–1861), American politician; U.S. Congressman from Louisiana

## Fictional characters

* Alcée, fictional character in Kate Chopin's short stories "At the Cadian Ball" (1892) and "The Storm" (1898)
* Alcée Arobin, fictional character in Kate Chopin's novel The Awakening (1899)
# Phedi

Phedi is a town and Village Development Committee in Khotang District in the Sagarmatha Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,731 persons living in 730 individual households.
# Regency Systems R2C

The R2C was the color version of the 2nd Z80-based microcomputer produced by Regency Systems of Champaign, Illinois, the first being the RC1. The RC1 had a high resolution display and dual 8-inch floppy disk drives. It was essentially a standalone PLATO environment, adapting the TUTOR language and environment. The company was founded by David Eades, a real-estate agency owner, and Paul Tenczar, creator of the TUTOR language.
The R2C supported an Ethernet network and a hard drive. The introduction of the IBM AT, with 16-bit processor, hard drive, and EGA display, sparked a change in direction for the company away from hardware.
# Area 7

Area 7 may refer to:
* Area 7 (NTS) one of the areas inside the Nevada Test Site
* Area 7 (novel), thriller by Matthew Reilly
* Area-7, Australian band
* Brodmann area 7
# 2016 Conference USA women's soccer tournament

The 2016 Conference USA women's soccer tournament is the postseason women's soccer tournament for Conference USA to be held from November 2 to 6, 2016. The seven-match tournament will be held at the Transamerica Field in Charlotte, North Carolina. The eight team single-elimination tournament will consist of three rounds based on seeding from regular season conference play. The North Texas Mean Green are the defending tournament champions after defeating the Marshall Thundering Herd in the championship match.

## Bracket

| Quarterfinals Wednesday, Nov. 2 | Quarterfinals Wednesday, Nov. 2 | Quarterfinals Wednesday, Nov. 2 | Semifinals Friday, Nov. 4 | Semifinals Friday, Nov. 4 | Semifinals Friday, Nov. 4 | Final Sunday, Nov. 6 | Final Sunday, Nov. 6 | Final Sunday, Nov. 6 |
| 1 | North Texas | 2 $^{OT}$ | | | | | | |
| 8 | Old Dominion | 1 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Old Dominion | 1 | 1 | North Texas | 2 | | | |
| | | | 4 | Florida Atlantic | 3 | | | |
| 4 | Florida Atlantic | 3 | 4 | Florida Atlantic | 3 | | | |
| 5 | Louisiana Tech | 0 | | | | | | |
| 5 | Louisiana Tech | 0 | | | | 4 | Florida Atlantic | 0 |
| | | | | | | 6 | Charlotte | 4 |
| 2 | Rice | 0 | | | | | | | 6 | Charlotte | 4 |
| 7 | UTEP | 1 | | | | | | |
| 7 | UTEP | 1 | 7 | UTEP | 0 | | | |
| | | | 6 | Charlotte | 1 | | | |
| 3 | Western Kentucky | 1 (1) | 6 | Charlotte | 1 | | | |
| 6 | Charlotte | 1 (4) | | | | | | |
# A Conspiracy of Friends

A Conspiracy of Friends is the third online novel by Alexander McCall Smith, author of The No. 1 Ladies' Detective Agency series. In the first series, the author wrote a chapter a day, starting from 15 September 2008, and the series ran for 20 weeks, totalling 100 episodes. The daily chapters, read by Andrew Sachs, were also available as an audio download. The second and third series were published online, running from Monday 21 September 2009 and Monday 13 September 2010, respectively.

## Episodic writing

The concept for the Corduroy Mansions series is based on Charles Dickens’ episodic writing, novels that were serialised through journals in weekly or monthly instalments, in the 1800s. Following a meeting with acclaimed San Francisco novelist Armistead Maupin, Alexander McCall Smith pursued this method of writing in 2004 with his novel 44 Scotland Street. The story was serialised in instalments every weekday through The Scotsman newspaper.
As Corduroy Mansions and its successors was released online, readers had the opportunity to interact with each other and the author himself through online discussion boards. This was edited by the Daily Telegraph staff.
The project is a collaboration between Telegraph Media Group, Little Brown and Polygon (the fiction imprint of Birlinn).

## Plot

The story is set in a fictional housing unit in London nicknamed Corduroy Mansions, and details the lives of the inhabitants of the large Pimlico house and others.
The main characters are Barbara Ragg, Basil Wickramsinghe, Berthea Snark, Caroline Jarvis, Dee Binder, Eddie French, Freddie de la Hay, Jenny Hedge, Jo Partlin, Marcia Light, Oedipus Snark, Terence Moongrove, and William French.
The chapters for this book in The Telegraph ran from 13 September 2010 until 17 December 2010.
# Rocky Mountain Foothills

The Rocky Mountain Foothills are an upland area flanking the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains, extending from the Liard River in British Columbia southward into Alberta. Bordering the Interior Plains system, they are part of the Rocky Mountain System or Eastern System of the Western Cordillera of North America.
# Roskilde Idrætspark

Roskilde Idrætspark is a Danish football stadium and the home ground of FC Roskilde. It has a capacity of 6,000 of which 512 are covered seating
The stadium has a record attendance of 5,342 spectators on 30 October 2014 for a match between FC Roskilde and F.C. Copenhagen in the third round of the 2014–15 Danish Cup.
# Ramshackled

Ramshackled is the only solo album by Alan White, drummer for British progressive rock band Yes. It was released in 1976 on Atlantic Records, during a period when all five Yes band members (Jon Anderson, Chris Squire, Steve Howe, Patrick Moraz and White) released solo albums. White only performed drums on the album and neither wrote nor sang any of the songs.

## Background and recording

White had worked with Pete Kirtley and Kenny Craddock in the Alan Price Set and Happy Magazine. White, Kirtley, Craddock and Colin Gibson then worked together in the short-lived Griffin in 1969. In the early 1970s, White, Kirtley, Craddock, Gibson and Bud Beadle played together in an unsigned band called "Simpson's Pure Oxygen". Craddock was also in the second line up of Lindisfarne who released two albums between 1973 and 1975. For his debut solo album, White brought Kirtley, Craddock, Gibson and Beadle back together.
Fellow Yes members, Jon Anderson and Steve Howe, guested on "Spring: Song of Innocence". Gibson and wind player Bud Beadle also appeared on Steve Howe's own solo album from the same period, Beginnings. Although he does not appear on the album, Patrick Moraz has a cameo in the promotional video.
Yes subsequently toured in 1976, with initial dates of the tour including material from the members' solo albums, including "One Way Rag" and "Song of Innocence", but these were soon dropped.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
AllMusic's Alex Anderson found the album highly uneven and noted that the album's hodgepodge of popular styles failed to appeal to the progressive rock fanbase White had gained with Yes. He concluded "Although Ramshackled isn't terrible, most of the Yes fans who bought it agreed that their money hadn't been well spent."

## Track listing

* "Ooh Baby (Goin' to Pieces)" (Pete Kirtley) 5:33
* "One Way Rag" (Colin Gibson, Kenny Craddock) 4:07
* "Avakak" (Craddock, Gibson, Kirtley) 6:54
* "Spring-Song of Innocence" (lyrics: William Blake, music: Kirtley) 5:02
* "Giddy" (Craddock, Gibson) 3:13
* "Silly Woman" (Kirtley) 3:15
* "Marching Into a Bottle" (Craddock) 2:00
* "Everybody" (Craddock, Gibson, Kirtley) 3:14
* "Darkness, Pts. 1–3" (Craddock, Gibson) 5:32

## Personnel

* Alan White – drums, percussion
* Bud Beadle, Steve Gregory – flute, saxophone
* Henry Lowther – trumpet
* Madeline Bell, Vicki Brown, Joanne Williams – backing vocals
* Pete Kirtley – electric and acoustic guitars, vocals
* Kenny Craddock – piano, organ, synthesizers, vocals
* Alan Marshall – vocals
* Colin Gibson – bass, percussion
* David Bedford – orchestral arrangements and conducting
* Jon Anderson – vocals on "Spring-Song of Innocence"
* Steve Howe – guitar on "Spring-Song of Innocence"

## Production

* Produced by Alan White & Bob Potter
* Recorded & engineered by Alan White, Bob Potter & Paul Hardiman
* Assistant & second engineer: Paul Hardiman
* Tape cutting engineer: David Tucker

## Charts

| Chart (1976) | Peak position |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 41 |
# Senator Badger

Senator Badger may refer to:
* George Edmund Badger (1795–1866), U.S. senator from North Carolina
* William Badger (1779–1852), New Hampshire State Senate
# SL C30

The SL C30 is a type of subway train used in the Stockholm metro, Sweden. The first set of C30 carriages was inaugurated in 2020 on the Red line, and subsequently replaced all the older rolling stock dating back to the 1970s and 1980s. Since then, 116 sets were delivered to Stockholm by Bombardier Transportation and subsequently by Alstom. A set consists of four carriages which are attached by gangways, in contrast to most previously delivered trains which consist of individual carriages, and which can be connected to other carriages.
The train is based on the Movia platform, which is the same as its predecessor, the C20. The C30 has air conditioning and more wheelchair space, compared to the C20. The train offers more capacity, as some seats have been replaced with perch seats that take up less space.
# Roger Howe

Roger Howe may refer to:
* Roger Evans Howe (born 1945), professor of mathematics at Yale University
* Roger T. Howe (born 1957), professor of electrical engineering at Stanford University
# A Conspiracy So Immense

A Conspiracy So Immense: The World of Joe McCarthy is a Hardeman Prize-winning book by David Oshinsky first published in 1983 by Free Press and later reprinted by Oxford University Press. The book covers the life of Joseph McCarthy from his birth to his death.
# 2018 African Championships in Athletics – Men's 4 × 100 metres relay

The men's 4 × 100 metres relay event at the 2018 African Championships in Athletics was held on 2 and 3 August in Asaba, Nigeria.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| South Africa Henricho Bruintjies Simon Magakwe Emile Erasmus Akani Simbine Ncincihli Titi* | Nigeria Ogho-Oghene Egwero Ejowvokoghene Oduduru Emmanuel Arowolo Seye Ogunlewe Enoch Olaoluwa Adegoke* | Ivory Coast Néhémiah N'Goran Gnamien Hua Wilfried Koffi Arthur Cissé Ben Youssef Méité |
*Athletes who competed in heats only

## Results
### Heats

Qualification: First 3 teams of each heat (Q) plus the next 2 fastest (q) qualified for the final.
| Rank | Heat | Nation | Athletes | Time | Notes |
| 1 | 2 | South Africa | ?, Simon Magakwe, Ncincihli Titi, Emile Erasmus | 39.07 | Q |
| 2 | 2 | Nigeria | Enoch Olaoluwa Adegoke, ?, ?, ? | 39.18 | Q |
| 3 | 2 | Ivory Coast | Ben Youssef Méité, Wilfried Koffi Hua, Néhémiah N'Goran Gnamien, Arthur Cissé | 39.55 | Q |
| 4 | 1 | Gambia | Alieu Joof, Assan Faye, Ebrahima Camara, Adama Jammeh | 40.04 | Q |
| 5 | 1 | Kenya | ?, ?, ?, Mark Odhiambo | 40.24 | Q |
| 6 | 2 | Zimbabwe | Dickson Kapandura, Rodwel Ndlovu, Leon Tafirenyika, Tetenda Tsumba | 40.37 | q |
| 7 | 1 | Cameroon | ?, ?, ?, Emmanuel Eseme | 40.44 | Q |
| 8 | 1 | Burkina Faso | Sidiki Ouedraogo, Idrissa Compaore, Hugues Zango, Innocent Bologo | 40.74 | q |
| 9 | 1 | Seychelles | ?, ?, ?, ? | 41.74 | |
| 10 | 2 | Ethiopia | Nathan Abebe, ?, ?, ? | 43.29 | |
| | 1 | Senegal | ?, ?, ?, ? | DNF | |
| | 2 | Ghana | | DNS | |

### Final

| Rank | Lane | Nation | Competitors | Time | Notes |
| | 4 | South Africa | Henricho Bruintjies, Simon Magakwe, Emile Erasmus, Akani Simbine | 38.25 | CR |
| | 5 | Nigeria | Ogho-Oghene Egwero, Ejowvokoghene Oduduru, Emmanuel Arowolo, Seye Ogunlewe | 38.74 | |
| | 7 | Ivory Coast | Néhémiah N'Goran Gnamien, Wilfried Koffi Hua, Arthur Cissé, Ben Youssef Méité | 38.92 | |
| 4 | 1 | Zimbabwe | Leon Tafirenyika, ?, Dickson Kapandura, Ngoni Makusha | 39.37 | |
| 5 | 3 | Kenya | Peter Mwai, ?, Mike Mokamba Nyang'au, Mark Odhiambo | 39.77 | |
| 6 | 6 | Gambia | ?, ?, Assan Faye, Adama Jammeh | 39.88 | |
| 7 | 8 | Cameroon | Tarcicuis Jean, Maxime Petnga, Emmanuel Eseme, Nsangou Tetndap | 39.93 | |
| 8 | 2 | Burkina Faso | Sidiki Ouedraogo, ?, ?, Innocent Bologo | 40.96 | |
# Podłęże

Podłęże may refer to the following places:
* Podłęże, Chrzanów County in Lesser Poland Voivodeship (south Poland)
* Podłęże, Wieliczka County in Lesser Poland Voivodeship (south Poland)
* Podłęże, Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Podłęże, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship (south-central Poland)
# School of Health Sciences, City, University of London

The School of Health Sciences at City, University of London, is composed of the former St Bartholomew School of Nursing & Midwifery and School of Allied Health Science.
The School offers undergraduate, postgraduate and research degrees as well as Continuing Personal and Professional Development for those entering or working in health and community-related professions. Disciplines covered include nursing (child, adult and mental health), midwifery, health management, research and policy, speech, language and communication therapy and science diagnostic radiography, therapeutic radiography, ultrasound and optometry.

## History

The School was formed in 2008 when the nursing and midwifery college merged with the allied health sciences departments.
The School of Nursing and Midwifery dates its history to the schools of St Bartholomew's Hospital and the Royal London Hospital, the former of which began training in 1867, formalised into a School in 1877. These merged in 1994 to become the St Bartholomew School of Nursing & Midwifery. In 1995 the new school was incorporated into City, University of London. Both schools have produced many nurse leaders and educators.

## Campus

The School of Health Sciences is based at City's main campus at Northampton Square.
# Rezia Islam

Rezia Islam (born 10 January 1958) is a Bangladesh Awami League politician and a former Jatiya Sangsad member from a women's reserved seat for Panchagarh District in 2024.
# SL Fanhões

Sport Luz e Fanhões was a Portuguese sports club from Fanhões, Loures.
The men's football team played on the third tier of Portuguese football, the Segunda Divisão B, from 1991 to 1999, later ending last in the 2000–01 Terceira Divisão and suffering relegation to the fifth tier. In 2013–14 the team finished lowly in the second district tier of AF Lisboa, not to return after that.
# Roger Howells

Roger William Howells (18 September 1931 – 1975) was a Welsh footballer who played as a centre forward in the Football League for Darlington and in non-league football for Llanelly. Either side of his spell with Darlington, he was on the books of Swansea Town without playing for them in the League. Howells played twice for Darlington's first team, both appearances coming in the Third Division North: in the last match of the 1953–54 Football League season, a 2–0 defeat at home to Halifax Town, and in September 1953, a 1–1 draw at home to Barnsley.
# Reference Re Canada Assistance Plan (BC)

Reference Re Canada Assistance Plan (BC), [1991] 2 S.C.R. 525 is a leading constitutional decision of the Supreme Court of Canada. The Court held that courts have a residual discretion to refuse to answer reference questions where there is insufficient legal content or where the court would be unable to provide a complete and accurate answer.

## Background

Under the Canada Assistance Plan (a federal-provincial fiscal arrangement) the Parliament of Canada was contributing 50 per cent of the costs for social assistance and welfare in the province of British Columbia. sec. 8 of the Plan provided that the agreements entered between the federal Govt and the provinces to this respect would continue in force as long as the relevant provincial law was in operation, subject to termination by consent, or unilaterally by either party on a year's notice.
In 1990, Federal Government introduced a bill that provided a cap on Ontario, BC and Alberta. The Lieutenant Governor in Council of British Columbia, referred to the British Columbia Court of Appeal two constitutional questions to determine:
* whether the Government of Canada has any authority to limit its obligation under the Plan and its Agreement with British Columbia;
* whether the terms of the Agreement, the subsequent conduct of the Government of Canada pursuant to the Agreement and the provisions of the Plan give rise to a legitimate expectation that the Government of Canada would introduce no bill into Parliament to limit its obligation under the Agreement or the Plan without the consent of British Columbia.
The Court of Appeal answered the first question in the negative and the second question in the affirmative.

## Reasons of the court

The Court held that the issue was justiciable as there was a legal component to it. On the facts the Court found that the federal policy was constitutionally valid. The Court held that the power to enact, repeal, or amend Acts is well within the Parliamentary sphere. The Court also looked at the Interpretation Act which explicitly states these powers. Ultimately, the Court relied on the Interpretation Act in its decision, although it stated that the Parliament would not have been precluded from exercising its powers in the absence thereof.

## Procedural fairness

It was argued by the Province that the Federal Government created a legitimate expectation by the language in the statute. The province alleged that an amendment required Provincial consent before a change was made to the statute. Justice Sopinka held that requiring the consent of the Province before allowing Parliament to amend the statute would produce a substantive outcome. The doctrine of legitimate expectations can only operate to provide procedural remedies.
# Couloutre

Couloutre (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Nièvre department in central France.

## Demographics

On 1 January 2019, the estimated population was 189.