OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rhiju Das

Rhiju Das (born 1978 in Houston, Texas) is a computational biochemist and a professor of biochemistry and physics at Stanford University. Research in his lab seeks a predictive understanding of how RNA molecules and their complexes form molecular machines fundamental to life.

## Education

Das was trained as a physicist before switching to biochemistry. His undergraduate education was at Harvard, in physics, followed by master's research as a Marshall scholar at Cambridge University and University College London in experimental cosmology and molecular phylogenetics. He completed his Ph.D. in physics at Stanford University, supervised by Sebastian Doniach and Daniel Herschlag.

## Career

Das was a Jane Coffin Childs postdoctoral fellow working on protein structure prediction with David Baker at the University of Washington. He joined Stanford’s biochemistry department in 2009 and was promoted with tenure in 2016. He was selected to be a Howard Hughes investigator in 2021, and co-founded the RNA design startup Inceptive that same year.

## Research

Das develops methods to simulate and computationally design RNA molecules as well as experimental methods to infer RNA structure from multidimensional chemical mapping measurements. Integrating these efforts, Das directs the Eterna massive open laboratory, which integrates an internet-scale videogame with massively parallel experiments and machine learning. The project aims to empower citizen scientists to invent medicine.
In 2020, Das and his staff used the Eterna platform to investigate potentially shelf-stable RNA vaccines for COVID-19. An interview with Das about this work was featured in an episode of Nova, "Decoding COVID-19", in May 2020.
Das also is known for his work on demonstrating the application of cryo-electron microscopy to accelerate the structure determination of RNA. He helped launch and served as an assessor for the first RNA category in the Critical Assessment of Structure Prediction in 2022.
# Plestiodon quadrilineatus

Plestiodon quadrilineatus, the Hong Kong skink or four-striped skink, is a species of lizard which is found in China, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam.
# Rošci

Rošci is a village in the municipality of Čačak, Serbia. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 395 people.
# Pasiphila chloerata

Pasiphila chloerata, the sloe pug, is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found from Europe to the Amur Region and central Asia.
The wingspan is 17–19 millimetres (0.67–0.75 in). Adults are on wing from May to June. There is one generation per year.
The larvae feed on Amelanchier and Prunus species (including Prunus padus, Prunus virginiana and Prunus spinosa). Larvae can be found from April to May. It overwinters as an egg.

## Subspecies

* Pasiphila chloerata chloerata
* Pasiphila chloerata bowringi (Prout, 1958)
# 2000 4 Nations Cup

The 2000 4 Nations Cup was the fifth playing of the annual women's ice hockey tournament. It was held in Provo, Utah, from November 7–11, 2000. As Sweden joined the tournament, it became the 4 Nations Cup.

## Results
### Final Table

| Rank | Team | GP | W | T | L | GF | GA | Pts |
| 1 | United States | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 4 | 6 |
| 2 | Canada | 3 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 18 | 6 | 4 |
| 3 | Finland | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 5 | 19 | 1 |
| 4 | Sweden | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 21 | 1 |
# Quercus incana

Quercus incana is a species of oak known by the common names bluejack oak, upland willow oak, sandjack oak, and cinnamon oak. It is native to the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains of the United States, from Virginia around Florida to Texas and inland to Oklahoma and Arkansas.

## Description

Quercus incana is a tree growing to about 10 meters (33 feet) in height, with a maximum height around 15 m (49 ft). The "national champion bluejack" was a specimen from Texas that was 15.5 m (51 ft) tall and 2.1 m (7 ft) in circumference, and had a crown spread of 17 m (56 ft). The trunk is short and the crooked branches form an open, irregular crown. The platy bark is dark brown or black. The leaves are generally oval and up to 10 centimeters long by 3.5 cm wide. They are glossy green on top and woolly-haired and bluish in color underneath. The name bluejack refers to this bluish and ashy appearance of the leaves. The acorn is up to 1.7 cm long by 1.6 cm wide, not counting the cap. The oak reproduces by seed and by resprouting from the rootcrown when the upper parts are removed. It can form thickets by spreading underground runners.

## Ecology

Quercus incana often grows in longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) ecosystems, where it shares the understory with turkey oak (Q. laevis) and wiregrass (Aristida stricta). In the Big Thicket of Texas it codominates with post oak (Q. stellata) and a number of pines. The oak can be found on sandy soils. It grows downslope from ridgetops, where the soils are finer and less dry than the tops of the ridges. It is well adapted to wildfire and grows in habitat where fire is common and often required, such as longleaf pine ecosystems. The oak does not tolerate dense shade and requires fire to remove taller, more robust oaks that would otherwise outcompete it.
The acorns provide food for many animal species including the Sherman's fox squirrel, which lives in longleaf pine communities.

## Uses

The wood of Q. incana is hard and strong, but the trees are usually too small to be useful except as fuel or posts.
# Reidar Skår

Reidar Skår (born 13 March 1964 in Øvre Årdal, Sogn og Fjordane, Norway) is a Norwegian musician (keyboards), composer and music producer, known from several recordings and cooperations with the likes of Karl Seglem, Jacob Young, Arve Henriksen, Jarle Vespestad, Trygve Seim, Mats Eilertsen, Vigleik Storaas, Christian Wallumrød, Bendik Hofseth, Håkon Kornstad, Knut Reiersrud, Eivind Aarset, Wetle Holte, Arve Furset, Nils Petter Molvær, Nils-Olav Johansen, Mats Eilertsen, Christian Wallumrød and Paolo Vinaccia.

## Career

He resides and has a separate studio ("7. Etage") in Oslo, and has worked extensively with music for film and television. He has collaborated with Karl Seglem and Håkon Høgemo also from Årdal, on several albums, including the Tya, awarded the Edvard Prize 1998.
With Nils Petter Molvær he also played on Khmer (1997) together with Eivind Aarset, Ulf W. Ø. Holand, Morten Mølster, Roger Ludvigsen and Rune Arnesen. On Nils-Olav Johansen's album My Deal (2007), he played with Andreas Bye and Mats Eilertsen.
Skår contributed on Jacob Young's third solo album Glow (Curling Legs, 2001), where Arve Henriksen, Jarle Vespestad, Trygve Seim, Mats Eilertsen, Vigleik Storaas, Christian Wallumrød, Bendik Hofseth, Håkon Kornstad, Øyvind Brække, Knut Reiersrud and Audun Erlien were also in the lineup. He was in Eivind Aarset's Electronique Noire on the album Light Extracts (2001) with Wetle Holte (drums), Marius Reksjø (bass), Hans Ulrik (bass clarinet), Arve Furset (keyboards) and Nils Petter Molvær (trumpet).
With Knut Reiersrud he was in the lineup for the album Sweet Showers of Rain (2002) with Audun Erlien and Anders Engen from Nils Petter Molvær's band, Christian Wallumrød and Paolo Vinaccia.

## Honors

Edvard Prize 1998 for the album Tya (1997), with Karl Seglem

## Discography
### As musician

* 1997: Tya – Frå Bror Til Bytes (NorCD), duo with Karl Seglem
* 1997: Khmer (ECM Records, 1997), within Nils Petter Molvær's Khmer
* 2001: Light Extracts (Jazzland Recordings), within Eivind Aarset's Electronique Noire
* 2001: Sweet Showers of Rain (Kirkelig Kulturverksted), with Knut Reiersrud
* 2001: Glow (Curling Legs), with Jacob Young

### As producer

* Nils Petter Molvær: NP3 (EmArcy, 2002)
* Jon Eberson Trio: Bring It On (Jazzaway, 2006)
* The Indian Core: The Indian Core (Grappa Music, 2007)
* Crimetime Orchestra Feat. Sonny Simmons & KORK: Atomic Symphony (Jazzaway, 2009)
* Mungolian Jetset: We Gave It All Away... And Now We Are Taking It Back (Smalltown Supersound, 2009)
# Vancouver Learning Network

The Vancouver Learning Network (formerly Greater Vancouver Regional Correspondence School) is a public distance education secondary school headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It is part of the Vancouver School Board.
VLN is located at the John Oliver Secondary School in Vancouver, BC. It has its own hallway in which it can operate. In this hallway, there is a VLN office, a book room, a multi-use classroom, and a computer lab. Students are able to complete their work at one of the 15 computers in the lab. A resource teacher is present to assist students in all areas of study. Students may also receive help from their teachers located in the same building.
The school has self-paced online and paper-based courses. All courses are tuition-free to students as long as they are Canadian citizens and residents of British Columbia. A majority of VLN students attend a home secondary school but take one or two classes on VLN.
All courses must be completed within 12 months from the day the student submits the first assignment. A student learning plan (SLP) is created by the students before they begin a class, and they must reflect on those timelines.
Ongoing (12 months per year) teacher support and availability, numerous face-to-face requirements, and in-person activities have helped establish VLN as a legitimate and thriving school community. Elluminate sessions are provided as an alternative for students who are unable to attend.
# Soumaine Ndodeba

Soumaine Ndodeba alias Tarzan is a Central African warlord from Vakaga.

## Life
### Early career

Originally from Tiringoulou and a Gula, Ndodeba began his career as a guard for the Northern Region Development Program (PDRN) in 1997. When he worked as a guard, he gained military and tracking training from French, Swiss, American, and British trainers. From 2004 to 2007, he joined the elite private anti-poaching guard and conducted operations against hunters and herders. The guard was led by two Russians and ex-Foreign Legionnaires who dwelled at the Sangba base. He received a salary from a charity organization named the Association for the Protection of Central African Wildlife. While working at the elite guard, Russians gave Ndodeba the nickname Tarzan.

### Rebellion

In April 2006, an unknown airplane landed at Tiringoulou airstrip, prompting the government to send Presidential Guard to the town, and they attacked the residents as well as burned houses. After the attack, Ndodeba returned to Tiringoulou to check on his family. However, he fled to the bush. In the bush, he found his colleagues who planned the uprising against the government. Soon after, he trained military skills to his companions in the bush. From there, he earned the title of colonel.
Ndodeba joined UFDR because he felt dismayed by the Ministry of Water and Forest's decision to choose only the trackers from Bangui and the surrounding area. He and his group launched an attack in Birao at the end of October 2006 and managed to seize the weapons from the government forces.
Ndodeba returned to his hometown, and an American medical charity appointed him as the local children's rights advocate. Apart from that, they trained him to be a football coach. As the government signed peace agreements with UFDR, he wanted to participate in the DDR program, hoping that he would receive training and money and be employed at government institutions. However, the program ended up in vain.
In December 2012, Ndodeba joined Seleka. As the Seleka tried to enter Bangui, he was shot and flown to Gabon for further medical treatment. He was then released from the hospital and returned to Tiringoulou for recovery. Afterward, he went to Bambari and joined RPRC. As he joined RPRC, his rank was promoted from colonel to general, and he became one of the group's important military leaders. He was designated as RPRC leader in Bambari. On 24 February 2017, he left Bambari due to the MINUSCA intervention that wanted to prevent the UPC-RPRC clash. He later left RPRC and joined PRNC in 2019.
# Soumaintrain

Soumaintrain (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France. The local Soumaintrain cheese is a washed-rind cheese with protected geographical indication.
# Alanna Fields

Alanna Fields (b.1990) is an American multimedia artist and archivist based in Brooklyn, New York.

## Early life and education

Fields was born in Upper Marlboro, Maryland, in 1990. She holds a BA in Literature from Trinity Washington University, and attended the Pratt Institute, graduating from the Photography MFA program in 2019.

## Work

Fields uses archival material in her work to explore how Black queer people have been represented historically. Her work uses photography, text and painting, and often uses wax to represent the way in which Black queer bodies and histories have been obfuscated. She has exhibited at the Museum of Contemporary African Diasporan Art, and Brooklyn's Photoville festival. Her work is held in the public collection of the Prince George’s African American Museum and Cultural Center. In 2021 she was commissioned by the New York Times Style Magazine to produce work about the effects of the pandemic on friendship. She was part of the 2021-22 cohort of artists at Silver Art Projects in New York. Fields is represented by the agency and studio Assembly.

## Awards

In 2018, she received the Gordon Parks Scholar Award, and was a 2020 Light Work Artist in Residence.

## Selected exhibitions

Solo
* Mirages of Dreams Past, Baxter Street at The Camera Club of New York, 2021
Group shows
* The Atlantic’s Inheritance: A Project About American History, Black Life, And The Resilience Of Memory, Photoville, 2021
* Assembly at EXPO CHGO Online, 2021
* 52 Artists: A Feminist Milestone, The Aldrich Contemporary Art Museum, 2022-2023
# Rucker

Rucker may refer to:

## People

* Rucker (surname)
* Ruckers, Flemish family of harpsichord makers

## Places
### United States

* Rucker Park, street basketball court in Manhattan, New York City, New York
* Rucker, Missouri
* Rucker, Texas
# Albert Girard

Albert Girard (French pronunciation:) (11 October 1595 in Saint-Mihiel, France − 8 December 1632 in Leiden, The Netherlands) was a French-born mathematician. He studied at the University of Leiden. He "had early thoughts on the fundamental theorem of algebra" and gave the inductive definition for the Fibonacci numbers. He was the first to use the abbreviations 'sin', 'cos' and 'tan' for the trigonometric functions in a treatise. Girard was the first to state, in 1625, that each prime of the form 1 mod 4 is the sum of two squares. (See Fermat's theorem on sums of two squares.) It was said that he was quiet-natured and, unlike most mathematicians, did not keep a journal for his personal life.
In the opinion of Charles Hutton, Girard was
   ...the first person who understood the general doctrine of the formation of the coefficients of the powers from the sum of the roots and their products. He was the first who discovered the rules for summing the powers of the roots of any equation.
This had previously been given by François Viète for positive roots, and is today called Viète's formulas, but Viète did not give these for general roots.
In his paper, Funkhouser locates the work of Girard in the history of the study of equations using symmetric functions. In his work on the theory of equations, Lagrange cited Girard. Still later, in the nineteenth century, this work eventuated in the creation of group theory by Cauchy, Galois and others.
Girard also showed how the area of a spherical triangle depends on its interior angles. The result is called Girard's theorem. He also was a lutenist and mentioned having written a treatise on music, though this was never published.
# Southern Tier Line

The Southern Tier Line is a railroad line owned and operated by the Norfolk Southern Railway in the U.S. states of New York and Pennsylvania. The line was built by the Erie Railroad and its predecessors and runs from Buffalo, New York, to Suffern, New York. From its east end, NS has trackage rights south on the New Jersey Transit Main and Bergen County Lines to Conrail's North Jersey Shared Assets Area.
From Port Jervis to Binghamton, the line is leased to and maintained by the Central New York Railroad, part of the Delaware Otsego Corporation. It junctions with the Lake Erie District at its west end. Along the way it meets the Corning Secondary at Corning, New York. The Metro-North Railroad leases the line from Suffern to Port Jervis and operates the Port Jervis Line commuter rail service.

## History

The oldest piece of the line, from Suffern to Newburgh Junction in Woodbury, New York, opened in 1841 as part of the New York and Erie Rail Road. Extensions opened to Port Jervis and Binghamton in 1848, Owego in 1849, and Dunkirk (leaving the Southern Tier Line at Hornell) in 1851. At the Buffalo end, the Attica and Buffalo Railroad opened from Buffalo east to Attica in 1842, but was part of the New York Central Railroad system until 1852, when it was sold to the Buffalo and New York City Railroad east of Depew. Also in 1852, the Buffalo and New York City Railroad built southeast from Attica to Hornell and west from Depew to Buffalo. The entire line became part of the Erie Railroad through leases and mergers.
Norfolk Southern leased the section between Suffern and Port Jervis to the Metro-North Railroad on March 31, 2003. It leased the section between Port Jervis and Binghamton to the Central New York Railroad on December 31, 2004.
# Rukwanzi

Rukwanzi may refer to:
* Potamonautes rukwanzi, a crustacean native to Uganda
* Rukwanzi Island, an island in Lake Albert
# Runabout (car)

A runabout is a car body style popular in the 1910s, based on the horse-drawn runabout carriage.
It was popular in North America from 1900 to about 1915. It was a light, basic style with no windshield, top, or doors and a single row of seats. Runabouts eventually became indistinguishable from roadsters and the term fell out of use in the United States. The approach has evolved into the modern "city car".

## Origin

Runabouts originated as a type of horse and carriage body.
In 1881, Rufus Meade Stivers produced runabout bodies using a patent held by Joseph Tilton. Stivers, a blacksmith and wheelwright, produced the runabouts in his carriage manufactory on East 31st Street, Manhattan, established in 1851.
According to The Carriage Journal,
   The special feature of the runabout was that the body was hung low by using cranked axles, and the side-bars were attached to legs at the top of the crank. The original runabout was made without a top, and, besides hanging low which made for steadiness, it was roomy and comfortable.
Stivers patented the "runabout" name and threatened to sue other manufacturers for infringement. However, buggies titled "runabout" were produced by other manufacturers and soon applied to many different shapes without regard to the original meaning.

## Description and history

The runabout was a light, inexpensive, open car with basic bodywork and no windshield, top, or doors. Most runabouts had just a single row of seats, providing seating for two passengers. Some also had a rumble seat at the rear to provide optional seating for one or two more passengers; those without rumble seats may have had a trunk platform, a box, or a fuel tank instead. They differed from buggies and high wheelers mainly by having smaller wheels.
Early runabouts had their engines under the body toward the middle of the chassis. This sometimes made maintenance difficult, as on the Oldsmobile Curved Dash where the body had to be removed in order to access the engine. The Gale runabout dealt with this problem by hinging the body at the rear of the car such that it could be tilted to access the engine. Some later runabouts had the engine in what became the conventional position at the front of the car.
Runabouts were popular in North America from the late 19th century to about 1915. They were designed for light use over short distances. By the mid-1910s, they became almost indistinguishable from roadsters.
Notable examples of runabouts include the Oldsmobile Curved Dash mentioned earlier, which was the first mass-produced car, and the Cadillac runabout, which won the Dewar Trophy for 1908 by demonstrating its use of interchangeable parts.

## Legacy

The 1964 GM Runabout was a three wheel concept car first exhibited at Futurama II, part of the 1964 New York World's Fair. The car was designed specifically for housewives and had detachable shopping carts built into it.
The term "runabout" is still in use in the UK, denoting a small car used for short journeys.
# Rupeni Rabici

Rupeni Rabici (born 27 November 1996) is a Fijian footballer who plays as a defender for Fijian club Nadi and the Fiji national team.

## Early life

Rabici is from Galoa in the Serua District and was educated at Lomary Secondary School.

## Club career

Rabici started his career with Ba. However he played mainly for their youth team. Before he really broke into the first team of Ba he joined Nadi. He was suspended for two matches in 2019 after being red-carded for violent conduct in a match against Nasinu.

## International career

In 2017 Rabici was called up by coach Christophe Gamel for the Fiji national team. He made his debut on 19 November 2017, in a 2–0 loss against Estonia when he came in in the 90 minute of play for Laisenia Naioko.
# Ruper Ordorika

Ruper Ordorika, born at Oñati (Gipuzkoa) on 16 August 1956, is a Basque singer-songwriter. He is generally considered one of the greatest renewers of basque songwriting. He was part of the literary group Pott, with, among others, writers Joseba Sarrionandia, Bernardo Atxaga, J.M. Iturralde.

## Discography
### Albums

* Hautsi Da Anphora (Xoxoa-Elkar, 1980)
* Ni Ez Naiz Noruegako Errege (Elkar, 1983)
* Bihotzerreak (Elkar, 1985)
* Ez Da Posible (Gasa-Wea, 1990)
* So'Ik'So (Nuevos Medios, 1995)
* Dabilen Harria (Nuevos Medios, 1998)
* Gaur (Esan Ozenki, 2000)
* Hurrengo Goizean (Metak, 2001)
* Kantuok Jartzen Ditut (Metak, 2003)
* Memoriaren Mapan (Elkar, 2006)
* Hamar t'erdietan (Elkar, 2008)
* Haizea Garizumakoa (Elkar, 2009)
* Hodeien azpian (Elkar, 2011).
* Azukre koxkorrak (Elkar, 2013).
* Lurrean etzanda (Elkar, 2014).
* Lurrean etzanda (Elkar, 2014).
* Guria Ostatuan (Elkar, 2016).
* Bakarka (Elkar, 2018).
* Kafe Antzokian (Elkar, 2019).
* Amour et toujours (Elkar, 2021).

### Singles/EPs

* Ruper Ordorika & Mugalaris (Emak Bakia, 1992)

### Albums with Hiru Truku

* Hiru Truku (Nuevos Medios, 1994)
* Hiru Truku II (Nuevos Medios, 1997)
* Nafarroako Kantu Zaharrak (Metak, 2004)
# Albert Pugsley

Albert Tonkin Pugsley AM (11 March 1910 – 6 November 2002) was an Australian agricultural scientist and wheat breeder.

## Early life

Pugsley was born in Mildura, Victoria and educated at Scotch College, followed by the University of Melbourne where he graduated in 1931 with a Bachelor of Agricultural Science degree. Pugsley later studied at the University of Adelaide, where he was awarded a Doctor of Science degree in 1954 for his research on disease resistance in plants.

## Career

Pugsley was a plant pathologist at the Victorian Department of Agriculture (1931–1939) and plant geneticist at the University of Adelaide's Waite Agricultural Institute, South Australia (1939–1953).
In 1953, Pugsley was appointed founding Director of the Agricultural Research Institute in Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, serving in that role until 1975. Now part of the Wagga Wagga campus of Charles Sturt University, the road leading to the original research institute building - now the Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation - was renamed 'Albert Pugsley Place' in his honour in 2005.

## Legacy

Pugsley was awarded the William Farrer Medal in 1953 for his services to agriculture. He was made a Member of the Order of Australia in the 1981 Australia Day Honours. From 1978 to 1986 he served as an honorary Senior Associate in Plant Sciences at the University of Melbourne, and was a granted an honorary Doctorate of Agricultural Science by the university in 1981.
The wheat variety "Pugsley" was named in his honour.