OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Scotia Tower

49°16′55″N 123°07′05″W﻿ / ﻿49.281960°N 123.117992°W﻿ / 49.281960; -123.117992Scotia Tower is a 35-storey office tower in Vancouver, British Columbia built for the Bank of Nova Scotia. The project was announced in 1971, construction began in 1974, and the building opened officially on 8 June 1977. Architects for the project were Zebb Zerafa and Menkès of Toronto. The building was constructed concurrently with Scotia Centre in Calgary, and the designs of the two towers followed similar concepts. The Scotia Tower was a controversial building at the time of its construction, as the project involved the demolition of the historic Birks Building and Allen/Strand Theatre.

## History

The 15th tallest building in the city, it stands at 138 m or 35 storeys tall and completed in 1977 and is a landmark skyscraper near the end of the central business district. The building houses Scotiabank operations for British Columbia and the underground Vancouver Centre, with its various shops and attendant street retail and theatres. The malls are linked to Pacific Centre and Hudson's Bay and a SkyTrain subway station via subterranean passages beneath Georgia and Granville Streets.
The Georgia and Granville corner of the site was the former location of the Birks Store in Vancouver, an ornate Edwardian edifice that was torn down in 1974 to make way for construction of the Scotia Tower and Vancouver Centre. Birk's was the first tenant in the new corner-retail location after the centre's construction but has since moved to Granville and West Hastings; that location is now the main downtown store of London Drugs. The decision to demolish the Birks Building sparked outrage and protest when it was announced in 1971. New Democratic Party MLA Robert Arthur Williams started the Save Our Birks Building Committee and served as its chairman. Williams said, "it's not good enough to have Toronto or some eastern developer tell us what the heart of our city should be." The committee also included Dr Harold D. Kalman, a professor of art history at the University of British Columbia.
The Georgia Street side of the Scotia Tower-Vancouver Centre was the location of the old Strand Theatre, the only one of Vancouver's Theatre Row not directly on Granville Street. That movie house was later replaced by the Vancouver Centre Cinemas (now closed) in 1977.
# Sasha Williams

Sasha Williams may refer to:
* Sasha Williams (actress), played the Yellow Lightspeed Ranger in Power Rangers Lightspeed Rescue
* Sasha Williams (The Walking Dead), a fictional character in the TV series The Walking Dead
# 2013–14 Guam Men's Soccer League

2013–14 Guam Men's Soccer League, officially named Budweiser Guam Men's Soccer League due to sponsorship reason, is the association football league of Guam.
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Rovers FC | 20 | 16 | 0 | 4 | 110 | 23 | +87 | 48 | 2015 AFC Cup |
| 2 | Guam Shipyard | 20 | 11 | 5 | 4 | 75 | 44 | +31 | 38 | |
| 3 | Quality Distributors | 20 | 10 | 3 | 7 | 57 | 63 | −6 | 33 | |
| 4 | Espada | 20 | 8 | 3 | 9 | 61 | 54 | +7 | 27 | |
| 5 | Southern Cobras | 20 | 7 | 2 | 11 | 68 | 88 | −20 | 23 | |
| 6 | Paintco Strykers | 20 | 0 | 3 | 17 | 20 | 119 | −99 | 3 | |
# Scaphinotus longiceps

Scaphinotus longiceps, the Humboldt ground beetle, is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America.
# Ras Boutria

Ras Boutria or Ras Bou Tria is a head land of the eastern coast of Tunisia that marks the northern tip of the governorate of Sfax. On the shore there is the archaeological site of ancient Acholla, a Roman city of Africa Proconsularis with ruins of houses Roman amphitheater and baths, and the cities of Louâtre Louzes nearby. it is located at 35°4'33" N and 11°1'40" E.
# Plötzlich Papa – Einspruch abgelehnt!

Plötzlich Papa – Einspruch abgelehnt! is a German television series.
# Ad Dayr, Iraq

Ad Dayr (الدير ) is a town of Basrah Governorate in southern Iraq, on the west bank of the Shatt Al-Arab River. The town has one of the few bridges over the Shatt Al-Arab.
The area is close to the Mesopotamian Marshes(Hammar Marshes), and has traditionally been home to many Marsh Arabs. The town has two mosques, a girls school, and a holy shrine of Solomon.
The area suffered greatly during the Iran–Iraq War, during which it was a major battlefield, and again after the 1991 Iraqi uprising.
# Paddy Bermingham

Paddy Bermingham may refer to:
* Paddy Bermingham (athlete) (1886–1959), Irish police officer and sportsman
* Paddy Bermingham (footballer) (1904–1970), Irish footballer
# Seisholtzville, Pennsylvania

Seisholtzville is a village that is primarily located in Hereford Township, Pennsylvania, with a portion of the village located in Longswamp Township.
It uses the Macungie Zip Code of 18062. The area code is 610 and it is served by the Bally telephone exchange.

## History

The correct pronunciation of this village's name is "SEE-sholtz-vil," although the pronunciation of "SEE-sawz-vil" is also heard. The village was named after a former hotel keeper at this place.
"Süssholtz," "Süssholz," and "Süßholz," which is pronounced as "sees-holtz" in Pennsylvania German and means "sweet"-"wood," were German surnames that were common to this region of Pennsylvania at the time of this village's founding. In English spelling, those surnames became "Seesholtz," "Seasholtz," "Seisholtz," or "Seasholes." These surnames and their variants may have been derived from the German word for liquorice.
The first public place opened in this village circa 1800. A post office was subsequently established in 1849.

## Geography

Seisholtzville is located on the crest of South Mountain, and the Perkiomen Creek also begins here.
vtePlaces adjacent to Seisholtzville, Pennsylvania :
Red Lion, Longswamp
Alburtis
New Hensingersville, Macungie, Shimerville
Henningsville
Seisholtzville
Five Points
Huffs Church
Hereford Township, Berks County
Harlem, Hereford :
40°28′11″N 75°36′15″W﻿ / ﻿40.46972°N 75.60417°W﻿ / 40.46972; -75.60417
# Scotia River

The Scotia River is a tributary of the Skeena River in the North Coast Regional District of the province of British Columbia, Canada. It originates in the Kitimat Ranges of the Coast Mountains, and flows north about 22 km (14 mi) to the tidally-influenced lower Skeena River, about 20 km (12 mi) upriver from Port Essington, 47 km (29 mi) southeast of Prince Rupert, and about 75 km (47 mi) southwest of Terrace.
Its watershed covers 135 km$^2$ (52 sq mi), and its mean annual discharge is 19.5 m$^3$/s (690 cu ft/s).

## Geography

The Scotia River originates in an unnamed lake fed by several small streams. The river flows north from the lake about 22 km (14 mi) to the Skeena River, just west of the Khtada River. Its main tributary of the West Fork Scotia River.
The Scotia River's watershed's land cover is classified as 62.5% Coniferous, 21.6% Herb, 19.3% Shrub, and 17.4% Barren.

## Natural history

The Scotia River mainstem and west fork support of runs of salmonids such as coho salmon, pink salmon, and steelhead trout. Between the river's source lake and the west fork confluence a waterfall limits anadromous fish passage.
Most of the Scotia River's watershed has been repeatedly logged since the 1980s. In recent decades logging has focused on upland areas, using both conventional and helicopter logging. Logging roads have been built throughout the Scotia watershed and from the West Fork Scotia over a low divide to Carthew Creek, a tributary of the Ecstall River.
# Rachel Bissex

Rachel Bissex (December 27, 1956 – February 20, 2005) was an American folk singer-songwriter. Her works included "Dancing With My Mother" and "Drive All Night".

## Death

Bissex died in 2005, aged 48, in Burlington, Vermont from breast cancer.

## Legacy

* Rachel Bissex Memorial College Fund

## Discography

* Light in Dark Places (1991)
* Don't Look Down (1995)
* I Used to Be Nice (1998)
* Between the Broken Lines (2001)
* In White Light (2004)
* Tribute-CD: Remembering Rachel. Songs of Rachel Bissex (2005)
# Scaphinotus liebecki

Scaphinotus liebecki, or Liebeck's snail-eating beetle, is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae. It is found in North America.
# Posterior ethmoidal artery

The posterior ethmoidal artery is an artery of the head which arises from the ophthalmic artery to supply the posterior ethmoidal air cells, and the meninges. It is smaller than the anterior ethmoidal artery.

## Anatomy
### Origin

The posterior ethmoidal artery is an orbital branch of the ophthalmic artery.

### Course and relations

After branching from the ophthalmic artery, the posterior ethmoidal artery passes between the upper border of the medial rectus muscle and superior oblique muscle to reach, enter and traverse the posterior ethmoidal canal.

### Branches

Meningeal branch
It emits a meningeal branch to the dura mater after entering the cranium.
Nasal branches
It emits nasal branches that pass through the cribriform plate to reach the nasal cavity. The nasal branches form anastomoses with the sphenopalatine artery.

### Distribution

This artery supplies the posterior ethmoidal air sinuses, the dura mater of the anterior cranial fossa, and the upper part of the nasal mucosa of the nasal septum.
# Sandt

Sandt is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:
* Andreas Sandt (born 1962), German footballer
* Lewis Earle Sandt (1888–1913), American aviation pioneer
* Nina Sandt (1928–2003), German actress
* Patty Kazmaier-Sandt (1962–1990), American ice hockey player
* Tommy Sandt (1950–2020), American baseball player
* Wolfgang Sandt (born 1960), German sculptor and author
# Plöwen

Plöwen is a municipality in the Vorpommern-Greifswald district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It has a population of 292.

## History

From 1648 to 1720, Plöwen was part of Swedish Pomerania. From 1720 to 1945, it was part of the Prussian Province of Pomerania, from 1945 to 1952 of the State of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, from 1952 to 1990 of the Bezirk Neubrandenburg of East Germany and since 1990 again of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.
# Singasain

Singasain is a village development committee in Dailekh District in the Bheri Zone of western-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3702 people living in 692 individual households.
# Pack (software)

Pack is a legacy Unix shell compression program based on Huffman coding.
The unpack utility will restore files to their original state after they have been compressed using the pack utility. If no files are specified, the standard input will be uncompressed to the standard output.
Although obsolete, support for packed files exists in modern compression tools such as gzip and 7-zip.

## Description of program

Files compressed by pack are typically given the extension ".z" (not to be confused with the ".Z" of compress). Files can be returned to their original state using unpack. In addition, there may also be a pcat command which reads in a compressed file and sends its output to stdout.
# Secular arm

Secular arm, in ecclesiastical law, refers to the legal authority of the civil power, the State, or any lay authority, invoked by the Church to punish offenders in cases properly belonging to the jurisdiction of the Church. This was considered the remedy in cases where excommunication was deemed insufficient and that sterner measures were required to secure obedience to the law.
The secular arm as a means by which lay power intervenes in ecclesiastical cases had two types: sought and unsought by the Church. In the Middle Ages especially in Inquisition trials for heresy, or grave immorality, ecclesiastical courts delivered convicted clerical and lay offenders over to the secular arm to administer severe capital punishments. The phrase "relaxed to the secular arm" was used by the Spanish Inquisition to describe the handover of the condemned heretic. On the other hand, an individual could seek a civil court to interfere - invoking the secular arm - on account of a miscarriage of justice on the part of church authorities.
The medieval Latin phrase 'brachium seculare' was translated first into late Middle English.

## Background

Introduced circa 1180–1250 at the time of the Albigensian Crusade, the church inquisitors delivered a Cathar heretic, or any heretic, to the secular arm, to be burnt at the stake. Under canon law church tribunals had no jurisdiction to impose penalties involving mutilation or death. The law, however, provided that the judge of a common law court had the right to invoke the secular arm to address the culpability of an individual, who was a subject to ecclesiastical jurisdiction. Notably the contrary circumstance of appeal by individuals to the secular authorities to interfere with, or hinder, the process of ecclesiastical jurisdiction was until recently punished in the Roman Catholic Church by excommunication.

## Sources

Catholic Culture The Oxford Dictionary of Phrase and Fable, Religion
# RSS Vigour

RSS Vigour (92) is the fifth ship of the Victory-class corvette of the Republic of Singapore Navy.

## Construction and career

Vigour was built by ST Engineering, and launched on 1 December 1989. She was commissioned on 25 May 1991.

### CARAT 2009

On 15 June 2009, RSS Intrepid, RSS Conqueror, RSS Vigour, RSS Victory, RSS Stalwart, RSS Endeavour, USS Harpers Ferry, USS Chafee, and USS Chung-Hoon participated in the joint exercise in the South China Sea.

### CARAT 2011

RSS Vigour, RSS Stalwart, and RSS Supreme conducted a joint exercise with USS Chung-Hoon on 23 August 2011.

### MH370 search and rescue, 2014

RSS Vigour was deployed to conduct the search and rescue operation for the missing MH370, alongside two additional C-130 aircraft, a Formidable-class frigate (RSS Steadfast) with a Sikorsky S-70B naval helicopter onboard.

### Exercise PELICAN 2019

The Republic of Singapore Navy and The Royal Brunei Navy held an exercise which consists of RSS Tenacious, RSS Valour, RSS Vigour, KDB Darussalam, KDB Darulehsan, and KDB Darulaman. All Republic of Singapore Navy ships left on 7 November 2019.

### Exercise CARAT 2021

The Republic of Singapore Navy and The United States Navy conducted a joint ASEAN-USN exercise in the Philippine Sea. Other ships in attendance are KDB Daruttaqwa, KD Lekiu, KRI Martadinata, UMS Kyansitta and HTMS Kraburi
# Ricor Buaron

Ricor Buaron (born August 30, 1970) is a Filipino basketball referee. He began officiating FIBA-sanctioned basketball games on September 26, 2008. Buaron has officiated in various international competitions, including the 2013 FIBA Under-19 World Championship, and 2015 FIBA Asia Championship.
Buaron also was a former referee at the UAAP games, where he first officiated in 2000. He also served as a referee for UNTV Cup.
# 408 BC

Year 408 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Tribunate of Iullus, Ahala and Cossus (or, less frequently, year 346 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 408 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

## Events
### By place
#### Persian Empire

* King Darius II of Persia decides to continue the war against Athens and give support to the Spartans. His wife, Parysatis, persuades him to appoint his younger son, Cyrus, as satrap (governor) of Lydia, Phrygia, and Cappadocia and commander in chief of the Achaemenian forces in Asia Minor in place of Tissaphernes.
* Tissaphernes' influence is limited to the satrapy of Caria. Darius II also gives Cyrus funds to re-create the Spartan fleet and sends him to Sardis with instructions to increase Persian support for Sparta. Cyrus begins to collect an army of mercenaries (including Greeks) for his own ends.

#### Greece

* Alcibiades enters Athens in triumph after an absence of 7 years. He leads the religious procession from Athens to Eleusis, thus atoning for his alleged impiety in 415 BC when he was held to have joined in profaning the Sacred Mysteries. Alcibiades is appointed commander-in-chief with autocratic powers and leaves for Samos to rejoin his fleet.
* The Spartan admiral Lysander arrives at Ephesus in autumn and builds up a great fleet with help from the new Persian satrap, Cyrus.
* At the Panhellenic gathering at Olympia, the philosopher Gorgias speaks out against the Spartan alliance with Persia.
* In 408 BC, the three city-states of the island of Rhodes (Ialysos, Kamiros, Lindos) unite and create the homonymous city on the northernmost part of the island.

### By topic
#### Literature

* Euripides' plays Orestes and The Phoenician Women are performed. Euripides then leaves Athens in dissatisfaction and travels to the court of Archelaus I of Macedon at the King's invitation.

## Births

* Eudoxus of Cnidus, Greek astronomer, mathematician, physician, scholar and adherent of Pythagoras (d. c. 355 BC)
* Dion, tyrant of Syracuse (d. c. 354 BC)

## Deaths

* Hippodamus of Miletus, Greek urban planner and polymath (b. 498 BC)
# Posterior fontanelle

The posterior fontanelle (lambdoid fontanelle, occipital fontanelle) is a gap between bones in the human skull (known as fontanelle), triangular in form and situated at the junction of the sagittal suture and lambdoidal suture. It generally closes in 6–8 weeks from birth. The cranial point in adults corresponding the fontanelle is called lambda. A delay in closure is associated with congenital hypothyroidism.
# Russell Wangersky

Russell Wangersky is a Canadian journalist and writer of creative non-fiction. Born in New Haven, Connecticut, and raised in Canada since the age of three, Wangersky was educated at Acadia University. He has been page editor of The Telegram in St. John's, as well as a columnist and magazine writer.
He has been nominated for the National Newspaper Award four times, and has won once, as well as several Canadian awards for creative non-fiction writing. He is also a four-time National Magazine Award finalist.
He published his debut short story collection, The Hour of Bad Decisions, in 2006. The collection was named to the initial longlist for the 2006 Scotiabank Giller Prize, and was also a finalist for the Winterset Award, the Commonwealth Writers First Book Prize - Canada and the Caribbean, and the Danuta Gleed Literary Award. His book Burning Down the House: Fighting Fires and Losing Myself, a non-fiction memoir of his 20 years as a volunteer firefighter, was released in Canada by Thomas Allen Publishers in March 2008. It was a finalist for the Writers' Trust Non-Fiction Prize, and won British Columbia's National Award for Canadian Non-Fiction, the Edna Staebler Award for Creative Non-Fiction, the Drummer-General Prize for Non-Fiction and the Rogers Television Newfoundland and Labrador Non-Fiction Prize.
His 2011 novel The Glass Harmonica won the 2011 Winterset Award. His 2012 short story collection Whirl Away was a shortlisted nominee for the 2012 Scotiabank Giller Prize, and won the 2013 Thomas Head Raddall Award.
Jason Buxton adapted "Sharp Corner", from Whirl Away, into the 2024 feature film Sharp Corner.
# Singarpur

Singarpur is a village in the Kishanganj block of Madhepura District in Bihar, India.
# Rare Birds

Rare Birds may refer to:
* Rare Birds (novel), a novel by Edward Riche
* Rare Birds (film), a 2001 Canadian comedy-drama film, adapted from the novel
* Rare Birds (album), a 2018 album by Jonathan Wilson
# 2022 Women's World Matchplay

The 2022 Betfred Women's World Matchplay was the inaugural staging of the tournament by the Professional Darts Corporation. The tournament featured the top eight players on the 2022 PDC Women's Series Order of Merit, competing in a knockout format, with the winner earning a place in the 2022 Grand Slam of Darts and the 2023 PDC World Championship. The tournament was held at the Winter Gardens in Blackpool on 24 July 2022.
Fallon Sherrock won the title, defeating Aileen de Graaf 6–3 in the final.

## Format

The format was confirmed on 30 June 2022, with the tournament using a leg format. The quarter-finals are the best of 7 legs (or first to 4 legs), the semi-finals are the best of 9 legs (or first to 5 legs), and the final is the best of 11 legs (or first to 6 legs). Unlike the men's edition the matches didn't have to be won by two clear legs.

## Prize money

The total prize fund was £25,000. The winner of the tournament also got a spot in the 2022 Grand Slam of Darts. It was then later confirmed that the winner of this, and all future Women's World Matchplay tournaments will qualify for the PDC World Darts Championship.
| Position (no. of players) | Position (no. of players) | Prize money (Total: £25,000) |
| Winner | (1) | £10,000 |
| Runner-up | (1) | £5,000 |
| Semi-finalists | (2) | £2,500 |
| Quarter-finalists | (4) | £1,250 |

## Qualifiers

The eight qualifiers for the tournament were the top 8 ranked players on the 2022 PDC Women's Series Order of Merit after the first 12 events.
The qualifiers were:
* Lisa Ashton (semi-finals)
* Fallon Sherrock (champion)
* Lorraine Winstanley (semi-finals)
* Aileen de Graaf (runner-up)
* Laura Turner (quarter-finals)
* Rhian Griffiths (quarter-finals)
* Katie Sheldon (quarter-finals)
* Chloe O'Brien (quarter-finals)

## Draw

| Quarter-finals (best of 7 legs) 24 July | Quarter-finals (best of 7 legs) 24 July | Quarter-finals (best of 7 legs) 24 July | Semi-finals (best of 9 legs) 24 July | Semi-finals (best of 9 legs) 24 July | Semi-finals (best of 9 legs) 24 July | Final (best of 11 legs) 24 July | Final (best of 11 legs) 24 July | Final (best of 11 legs) 24 July |
| 1 | Lisa Ashton 67.55 | 4 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Chloe O'Brien 61.17 | 0 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Chloe O'Brien 61.17 | 0 | 1 | Lisa Ashton 72.15 | 4 | | | |
| | | | 4 | Aileen de Graaf 73.43 | 5 | | | |
| 4 | Aileen de Graaf 80.63 | 4 | 4 | Aileen de Graaf 73.43 | 5 | | | |
| 5 | Laura Turner 69.84 | 1 | | | | | | |
| 5 | Laura Turner 69.84 | 1 | | | | 4 | Aileen de Graaf 76.30 | 3 |
| | | | | | | 2 | Fallon Sherrock 82.41 | 6 |
| 2 | Fallon Sherrock 80.61 | 4 | | | | | | | 2 | Fallon Sherrock 82.41 | 6 |
| 7 | Katie Sheldon 73.78 | 2 | | | | | | |
| 7 | Katie Sheldon 73.78 | 2 | 2 | Fallon Sherrock 81.65 | 5 | | | |
| | | | 3 | Lorraine Winstanley 76.93 | 2 | | | |
| 3 | Lorraine Winstanley 71.98 | 4 | 3 | Lorraine Winstanley 76.93 | 2 | | | |
| 6 | Rhian Griffiths 71.26 | 3 | | | | | | |
# Radek Maneuver

The Radek Maneuver is a scale-up-then-scale-down tactic used in the administration of web services, specifically those deployed under a cloud computing paradigm (by a provider e.g. Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud or Microsoft Azure).

## History

Developed by Olivier "Radek" Dabrowski in the mid-2010s, the Radek Maneuver was originally conceived of in using and maintaining applications running on a PaaS system.

## Execution

The Radek Maneuver consists of a series of steps, usually executed via the PaaS or web portal interface.
The tactic should be used when a service is misbehaving or otherwise experiencing errors, and the suspected cause is the underlying cloud layer, rather than the application layer. This includes networking issues and other "bad box" problems.
The steps are as follows:
* Identify the application or service which is misbehaving.
* Increase the compute resource (number of CPU cores, amount of ram) for the instance on which the application is running. This is also known as scaling up.
* Wait for the application to re-deploy and stabilize.
* Scale back down to the original instance size.

## Principle of action

This scale-up-scale-down method is understood to shift the application to a different physical machine underlying the PaaS service or application virtual machine. While this layer of the cloud computing stack is generally out of the access of an application developer (instead in the hands of the cloud provider), the maneuver allows troubleshooting and dodging errors in that layer.
# Shaim

Shaim may refer to:
* Shaim, Iran
* Shaim, Russia
* 10014 Shaim, an asteroid
# 408th

408th may refer to:
* 408th Armament Systems Group, inactive United States Air Force unit
* 408th Bombardment Squadron, inactive United States Air Force unit
* 408th Support Brigade (United States), support brigade of the United States Army