# 1996 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas

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vte :
The 1996 United States House of Representatives elections in Texas occurred on November 5, 1996, to elect the members of the state of Texas's delegation to the United States House of Representatives. Texas had thirty seats in the House, apportioned according to the 1990 United States census.
Texas underwent mid-decade redistricting as a result of the Supreme Court case Bush v. Vera. The court had ruled that districts such as District 18 and District 30 were racially gerrymandered. A prior district court decision had voided the results of the primary elections in 13 districts, which the Supreme Court upheld. These districts instead conducted special elections concurrent with the general elections.
These elections occurred simultaneously with the United States Senate elections of 1996, the United States House elections in other states, and various state and local elections.
Texas Democrats maintained their majority in Texas' congressional delegation, albeit reduced by two seats from 1994. These elections produced an unusually high level of turnover due to the retirements of several representatives.

## Overview

United States House of Representatives elections in Texas, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Votes | Percentage | Seats before | Seats after | +/– |
| | Republican | 2,604,389 | 52.91% | 11 | 13 | +2 |
| | Democratic | 2,206,346 | 44.82% | 19 | 17 | -2 |
| | Independent | 43,570 | 0.89% | 0 | 0 | - |
| | Libertarian | 30,019 | 0.61% | 0 | 0 | - |
| | Natural Law | 29,993 | 0.61% | 0 | 0 | - |
| | Constitution | 7,887 | 0.02% | 0 | 0 | - |
| Totals | Totals | 4,922,204 | 100.00% | 30 | 30 | — |

## District 1

Incumbent Democrat Jim Chapman opted to retire rather than run for re-election.
Texas's 1st congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Max Sandlin | 102,697 | 51.56 |
| | Republican | Ed Merritt | 93,105 | 46.75 |
| | Natural Law | Margaret Palms | 3,368 | 1.69 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 199,170 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 2

Incumbent Democrat Charlie Wilson opted to retire rather than run for re-election.
Texas's 2nd congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Jim Turner | 102,908 | 52.25 |
| | Republican | Brian Babin | 89,838 | 45.61 |
| | Independent | Henry McCullough | 2,390 | 1.21 |
| | Libertarian | David Constant | 1,240 | 0.63 |
| | Natural Law | Gary Hardy | 595 | 0.30 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 196,971 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 3

Incumbent Republican Sam Johnson ran for re-election. The 3rd district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Texas's 3rd congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Sam Johnson (incumbent) | 142,325 | 72.98 |
| | Democratic | Lee Cole | 47,654 | 24.43 |
| | Libertarian | John Davis | 5,045 | 2.59 |
| | Write-in | Others | 2 | 0.00 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 195,026 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## District 4

Incumbent Democrat Ralph Hall ran for re-election.
Texas's 4th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Ralph M. Hall | 132,126 | 63.77 |
| | Republican | Jerry Ray Hall | 71,065 | 34.30 |
| | Libertarian | Steven Rothacker | 3,172 | 1.53 |
| | Natural Law | Enos Denham | 814 | 0.39 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 207,177 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 5

Incumbent Democrat John Wiley Bryant retired to run for U.S. Senator. The 5th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Texas's 5th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Pete Sessions | 80,196 | 53.07 |
| | Democratic | John Pouland | 70,922 | 46.93 |
| | Write-in | Jesus Christ | 1 | 0.00 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 151,119 | 100.00 |
| | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic |

## District 6

Incumbent Republican Joe Barton ran for re-election. The 6th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Texas's 6th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Joe Barton (incumbent) | 160,800 | 77.12 |
| | Independent | Skeet Richardson | 26,713 | 12.81 |
| | Libertarian | Catherine Anderson | 14,456 | 6.93 |
| | Constitution | Doug Williams | 6,547 | 3.14 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 208,516 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## District 7

Incumbent Republican Bill Archer ran for re-election. The 7th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Texas's 7th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Bill Archer (incumbent) | 152,024 | 81.37 |
| | Democratic | Al J.K. Siegmund | 28,187 | 15.09 |
| | Independent | Gene Hsiao | 3,896 | 2.09 |
| | Independent | Randy Sims | 2,724 | 1.46 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 186,831 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## District 8

Incumbent Republican Jack Fields opted to retire rather than run for re-election. The 8th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Texas's 8th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Kevin Brady | 80,325 | 41.48 |
| | Republican | Gene Fontenot | 75,399 | 38.93 |
| | Democratic | CJ Newman | 26,246 | 13.55 |
| | Democratic | Robert Musemeche | 11,689 | 6.04 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 193,659 | 100 |
No candidate received a majority of the vote, so a runoff was held on December 10.
Texas's 8th congressional district runoff, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Kevin Brady | 30,366 | 59.11 |
| | Republican | Gene Fontenot | 21,004 | 40.89 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 51,370 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## District 9

Incumbent Republican Steve Stockman ran for re-election. The 9th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Texas's 9th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Steve Stockman (incumbent) | 88,171 | 46.44 |
| | Democratic | Nick Lampson | 83,782 | 44.13 |
| | Democratic | Geraldine Sam | 17,887 | 9.42 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 189,840 | 100 |
No candidate received a majority of the vote, so a runoff was held on December 10. Stockman lost reelection by 5.66% to Democratic challenger Nick Lampson.
Texas's 9th congressional district runoff, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Nick Lampson | 59,225 | 52.83 |
| | Republican | Steve Stockman (incumbent) | 52,870 | 47.17 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 112,095 | 100.00 |
| | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican |

## District 10

Incumbent Democrat Lloyd Doggett ran for re-election. He won against Republican candidate Teresa Doggett, to whom he has no relation.
Texas's 10th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Lloyd Doggett (incumbent) | 132,066 | 56.20 |
| | Republican | Teresa Doggett | 97,204 | 41.36 |
| | Libertarian | Gary Johnson | 3,950 | 1.68 |
| | Natural Law | Steve Klayman | 1,771 | 0.75 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 234,991 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 11

Incumbent Democrat Chet Edwards ran for re-election.
Texas's 11th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Chet Edwards (incumbent) | 99,990 | 56.83 |
| | Republican | Jay Mathis | 74,549 | 42.37 |
| | Natural Law | Ken Hardin | 1,396 | 0.79 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 175,935 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 12

Incumbent Democrat Pete Geren opted to retire rather than run for re-election.
Texas's 12th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Kay Granger | 98,349 | 57.78 |
| | Democratic | Hugh Parmer | 69,859 | 41.04 |
| | Natural Law | Heather Proffer | 1,996 | 1.17 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 170,204 | 100.00 |
| | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic |

## District 13

Incumbent Republican Mac Thornberry ran for re-election.
Texas's 13th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Mac Thornberry (incumbent) | 116,098 | 66.87 |
| | Democratic | Samuel Brown Silverman | 56,066 | 32.29 |
| | Natural Law | Don Harkey | 1,463 | 0.84 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 173,627 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## District 14

Incumbent Democrat Greg Laughlin switched his party affiliation to the Republican Party on June 26, 1995. He was defeated in the Republican Primary by former U.S. Representative Ron Paul.
Texas's 14th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Ron Paul | 99,961 | 51.08 |
| | Democratic | Lefty Morris | 93,200 | 47.62 |
| | Natural Law | Ed Fasanella | 2,538 | 1.30 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 195,699 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## District 15

Incumbent Democrat Kika de la Garza opted to retire rather than run for re-election.
Texas's 15th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Ruben Hinojosa | 86,347 | 62.30 |
| | Republican | Tom Haughey | 50,914 | 36.74 |
| | Natural Law | Rob Wofford | 1,333 | 0.96 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 138,594 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 16

Incumbent Democrat Ronald D. Coleman opted to retire rather than run for re-election.
Texas's 16th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Silvestre Reyes | 90,260 | 70.63 |
| | Republican | Rick Ledesma | 35,271 | 27.60 |
| | Natural Law | Carl Proffer | 2,253 | 1.76 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 127,784 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 17

Incumbent Democrat Charles Stenholm ran for re-election.
Texas's 17th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Charles Stenholm | 99,678 | 51.65 |
| | Republican | Rudy Izzard | 91,429 | 47.37 |
| | Natural Law | Richard Caro | 1,887 | 0.98 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 192,994 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 18

Incumbent Democrat Sheila Jackson Lee ran for re-election. The 18th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Texas's 18th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Sheila Jackson Lee (incumbent) | 106,111 | 77.07 |
| | Republican | Larry White | 13,956 | 10.14 |
| | Republican | Jerry Burley | 7,877 | 5.72 |
| | Republican | George Young | 5,332 | 3.87 |
| | Democratic | Mike Lamson | 4,412 | 3.20 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 137,688 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 19

Incumbent Republican Larry Combest ran for re-election.
Texas's 19th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Larry Combest (incumbent) | 156,910 | 80.37 |
| | Democratic | John Sawyer | 38,316 | 19.63 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 195,226 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## District 20

Incumbent Democrat Henry B. González ran for re-election.
Texas's 20th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Henry B. Gonzalez (incumbent) | 88,190 | 63.72 |
| | Republican | James Walker | 47,616 | 34.40 |
| | Libertarian | Alex De Pena | 2,156 | 1.56 |
| | Natural Law | Lyndon Felps | 447 | 0.32 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 138,409 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 21

Incumbent Republican Lamar Smith ran for re-election.
Texas's 21st congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Lamar Smith (incumbent) | 205,830 | 76.43 |
| | Democratic | Gordon Wharton | 60,338 | 22.40 |
| | Natural Law | Randy Rutenbeck | 3,139 | 1.17 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 269,307 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## District 22

Incumbent Republican Tom DeLay ran for re-election. The 22nd district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Texas's 22nd congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Tom DeLay (incumbent) | 126,056 | 68.11 |
| | Democratic | Scott Douglas Cunningham | 59,030 | 31.89 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 185,086 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## District 23

Incumbent Republican Henry Bonilla ran for re-election.
Texas's 23rd congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Henry Bonilla (incumbent) | 101,332 | 61.85 |
| | Democratic | Charles Jones | 59,596 | 36.37 |
| | Natural Law | Linda Caswell | 2,911 | 1.78 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 163,839 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## District 24

Incumbent Democrat Martin Frost ran for re-election. The 24th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Texas's 24th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Martin Frost | 77,847 | 55.75 |
| | Write-in | Martin Frost | 8 | 0.01 |
| | Total | Martin Frost (incumbent) | 77,855 | 55.76 |
| | Republican | Ed Harrison | 54,551 | 39.07 |
| | Democratic | Marion Jacob | 4,656 | 3.33 |
| | Independent | Dale Mouton | 2,574 | 1.84 |
| | Write-in | Fred Hank | 1 | 0.00 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 139,637 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 25

Incumbent Democrat Ken Bentsen ran for re-election. The 25th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Texas's 25th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Ken Bentsen (incumbent) | 43,701 | 34.04 |
| | Republican | Dolly Madison McKenna | 21,898 | 17.06 |
| | Democratic | Beverley Clark | 21,699 | 16.90 |
| | Republican | Brent Perry | 16,737 | 13.04 |
| | Republican | John Devine | 9,070 | 7.06 |
| | Republican | John Sanchez | 8,984 | 7.00 |
| | Republican | Ken Mathis | 3,649 | 2.84 |
| | Republican | RC Meinke | 997 | 0.78 |
| | Republican | Lloyd Oliver | 827 | 0.64 |
| | Republican | Dotty Quinn Collins | 561 | 0.44 |
| | Socialist Workers | Jerry Freiwirth | 270 | 0.21 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 128,393 | 100 |
No candidate received a majority of the vote, so a runoff was held on December 10.
Texas's 25th congressional district runoff, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Ken Bentsen (incumbent) | 29,396 | 57.32 |
| | Republican | Dolly Madison McKenna | 21,892 | 42.68 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 51,288 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 26

Incumbent Republican Dick Armey ran for re-election. The 26th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Texas's 26th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Dick Armey (incumbent) | 163,708 | 73.63 |
| | Democratic | Jerry Frankel | 58,623 | 26.37 |
| | Write-in | Others | 11 | 0.00 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 222,342 | 100 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

## District 27

Incumbent Democrat Solomon Ortiz ran for re-election.
Texas's 27th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Solomon Ortiz (incumbent) | 97,350 | 64.64 |
| | Republican | Joe Gardner | 50,964 | 33.84 |
| | Natural Law | Kevin Richardson | 2,286 | 1.52 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 150,600 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 28

Incumbent Democrat Frank Tejeda ran for re-election.
Texas's 28th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Frank Tejeda (incumbent) | 110,148 | 75.37 |
| | Republican | Mark Cude | 34,191 | 23.40 |
| | Natural Law | Clifford Finley | 1,796 | 1.23 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 150,600 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 29

Incumbent Democrat Gene Green ran for re-election. The 29th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Texas's 29th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Gene Green (incumbent) | 61,751 | 67.51 |
| | Republican | Jack Rodriguez | 28,381 | 31.03 |
| | Constitution | Jack Klinger | 1,340 | 1.46 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 91,472 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

## District 30

Incumbent Democrat Eddie Bernice Johnson ran for re-election. The 30th district was among thirteen districts holding a special election on November 5, the same day as the general election. The race pitted all certified candidates against one another in each district, regardless of party.
Texas's 30th congressional district, 1996 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Eddie Bernice Johnson (incumbent) | 61,723 | 54.59 |
| | Republican | John Hendry | 20,665* | 18.28 |
| | Democratic | James Sweatt | 9,909 | 8.76 |
| | Democratic | Marvin Crenshaw | 7,765 | 6.87 |
| | Republican | Lisa Kitterman | 7,761 | 6.86 |
| | Independent | Lisa Hembry | 3,501 | 3.10 |
| | Independent | Ada Granado | 1,278 | 1.13 |
| | Independent | Stevan Hammond | 468 | 0.41 |
| | Write-in | Eddie Bernice Johnson (misspelled) | 2 | 0.00 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 113,072 | 100 |
*Includes one write-in vote