# Václav Havel Airport Prague

Václav Havel Airport Prague (Czech: Letiště Václava Havla Praha) Czech pronunciation: (IATA: PRG, ICAO: LKPR), formerly Prague Ruzyně International Airport (Mezinárodní letiště Praha-Ruzyně, Czech pronunciation:), is an international airport of Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. The airport was founded in 1937 when it replaced the Kbely Airport (founded in 1918) as the city's principal airport. It was reconstructed and extended in 1956, 1968, 1997, and 2006. In 2012, it was renamed after the last president of Czechoslovakia and the first president of the Czech Republic, Václav Havel. It is located at the edge of the Prague-Ruzyně area, next to Kněževes village, 12 km (7 mi) west of the centre of Prague and 12 km (7 mi) southeast of the city of Kladno.
In 2018, it served around 17 million passengers. It served as a hub for Czech Airlines until it ceased operations in late 2024 and it serves as a hub for Smartwings, and as an operating base for Ryanair and Eurowings.

## History
### Foundation and early years

Prague–Ruzyně Airport began operations on 5 April 1937, but Czechoslovak civil aviation history started at the military airport in Prague–Kbely in 1919. The Prague Aviation Museum is now found at Kbely Airport.
Due to the insufficient capacity of Kbely Airport by the mid-1930s, the government decided to develop a new state civil airport in Ruzyně. Among the major awards Prague Ruzyně Airport has received is the Diploma and Gold Medal granted in 1937 at the occasion of the International Art and Technical Exhibition in Paris (Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne also known as Paris 1937 World's Fair) for the technical conception of the central airport, primarily the architecture of the check-in building (nowadays known as Terminal 4) designed by architect Adolf Benš.
In one of the most dramatic moments in its history, the airport was seized by Soviet paratroopers on the night of 20–21 August 1968, who then facilitated the landing of Soviet troops and transports for the invasion of Czechoslovakia.
Moreover, the Ruzyně fields provide opportunities for further expansion of the airport according to the increasing capacity demand. The airport serves as a hub of the trans-European airport network.
Political and economic changes have significantly influenced Prague–Ruzyně Airport's seventy-year history. Some new air transportation companies and institutions have been founded and some have ceased operation since 1937. Ten entities have been responsible for airport administration over time, including the new construction and development.

### Development since 2000

The airport stood in for Miami International Airport in the 2006 James Bond film Casino Royale.
An online petition organised by a Slovak film director, Fero Fenič, calling on the government and the Parliament to rename Prague Ruzyně Airport to Václav Havel International Airport attracted – in just one week after 20 December 2011—the support of over 65,000 signatories both within and outside the Czech Republic. A rendition of the airport with the proposed Václav Havel name in the form of his signature followed by his typical heart symbol suffix was included in the blog's article in support of renaming of the airport. This name change took place on 5 October 2012 on what would have been Havel's 76th birthday. The PRG name of the airport for IATA and ICAO will remain the same.
The main runway 06/24 was reconstructed from 2012 to 2013 due to poor technical conditions. During reconstruction, runway 12/30 was the only usable runway as runway 04/22 is closed permanently. The runway reconstruction was originally planned for three stages. The first stage in 2012, the second stage in 2013 and the last stage in 2014. Runway 12/30 (which would be used during the reconstruction of the main runway) is not equipped for low visibility landings as it offers only ILS CAT I landings. In addition, the approach path of runway 12/30 goes above high-density population areas (such as Prague 6 and Kladno). Therefore, the second and the third stage of the runway reconstruction had to be merged so the works could be finished in 2013.

## Expansion plans
### Terminal expansion

An expansion of the existing terminals is scheduled to start construction sometime during the year 2027 or 2028. A new concourse is supposed to be built to expand the existing Terminal 2 and it will be south of the mentioned terminal and north of the new runway (see "New runway"). It will accommodate both non-Schengen (departure and arrival) and Schengen flights (arrival only). It will contain 8 jetway gates and 10 non-Schengen bus gates. An extension of the check-in hall at Terminal 1 is also going to be made. Modifications will be made to the existing concourses (including concourses A and B). Terminal 1 will be used only for Schengen flights and Terminal 2 will be used for both Schengen and non-Schengen flights. In addition, one Schengen bus gate will be added to concourse A. This project is supposed to be completed by the year 2033.

### Railway connection

The construction of a railway connection between the airport and Prague city centre is also in the planning stage. The track will be served by express trains with special fares, connecting the airport non-stop with the city centre, and local trains fully integrated into Prague integrated transit system.

## Infrastructure
### Terminals

Prague Airport has two main passenger terminals, two general aviation terminals, as well as a cargo facility. Most flights depart Prague Airport from the North Terminals (Terminals 1 and 2). The South Terminals (Terminals 3 and 4) handle a few irregular flights, as well as VIP flights, special flights and small aircraft.
* Terminal 1 is used for flights outside the Schengen Area; it was opened in 1968 and rebuilt in 1997, it includes concourses A and B
* Terminal 2 is used for flights within the Schengen area; it was opened on 17 January 2006, it includes concourses C and D
* Terminal 3 is used for private and charter flights; it was opened in 1997
* Terminal 4 is used exclusively for VIP flights and state visits; it is the oldest part of the airport, and was opened on 5 April 1937.
There are also two freight terminals, Cargo Terminal 1 is operated by Menzies Aviation Czech while Cargo Terminal 2 is operated by Skyport.

### Runways

The airport contains two runways in service: 06/24 (till April 1993 07/25) and 12/30 (till May 2012 13/31). Former runway 04/22 is permanently closed for take-offs and landings and is used for taxiing and parking only. The most used runway is 24 due to the prevailing western winds. Runway 30 is also used often. Runway 06 is used rarely, while runway 12 is used only exceptionally.

### Other facilities

Czech Airlines has its head office, the APC Building, on the grounds of Prague Airport. On 30 December 2009 CSA announced that it would sell its head office to the airport for CZK 607 million. Smartwings have their head office on the airport property. In addition the Civil Aviation Authority also has its head office on the airport property.

### Operations

The company operating the airport is Prague Airport (Letiště Praha, a. s.), a joint-stock company that has one shareholder, the Ministry of Finance. The company was founded in February 2008, as part of a privatisation process involving the Airport Prague (Správa Letiště Praha, s.p.) state enterprise. This action was in accordance with the Czech Republic Government Memorandum Nr. 888, which had been passed on 9 July 2008. On 1 December 2008, Prague Airport took all rights and duties formerly held by Správa Letiště Praha, s.p., and Prague Airports took all business authorisations, certificates, employees, and licenses from the former company. The head office of Prague Airport is in Prague 6. The former state-owned enterprise had its head office on the airport property.

## Airlines and destinations
### Passenger

As of 2024, Prague Airport offers flights to more than 170 destinations, with 70 carriers operating the flights. The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights at Prague Airport:
| Airlines | Destinations |
| Aegean Airlines | Athens |
| Aer Lingus | Dublin |
| Air Baltic | Riga, Vilnius (begins 30 March 2025) |
| Air Cairo | Hurghada |
| Air Canada | Seasonal: Toronto–Pearson (resumes 6 June 2025) |
| Air France | Paris–Charles de Gaulle |
| Air Montenegro | Seasonal: Podgorica (begins 1 May 2025), Tivat |
| Air Serbia | Belgrade |
| Animawings | Seasonal charter: Plovdiv |
| Arkia | Tel Aviv |
| Asiana Airlines | Seoul–Incheon (begins 1 April 2025) |
| Austrian Airlines | Vienna |
| Azerbaijan Airlines | Baku |
| Bluebird Airways | Tel Aviv |
| British Airways | London–Heathrow Seasonal: London–City |
| Brussels Airlines | Brussels |
| Bulgaria Air | Sofia Seasonal: Varna Seasonal charter: Burgas |
| China Airlines | Taipei–Taoyuan |
| Condor | Seasonal: Frankfurt (begins 1 May 2025) |
| Corendon Airlines | Seasonal charter: Antalya |
| Croatia Airlines | Zagreb (resumes 2 June 2025) Seasonal: Dubrovnik, Split |
| Cyprus Airways | Seasonal: Larnaca |
| Delta Air Lines | Seasonal: New York–JFK |
| easyJet | Amsterdam, Basel/Mulhouse, Belfast–International, Birmingham, Bordeaux (begins 27 October 2025), Bristol, Edinburgh, Geneva, Glasgow, Lisbon, Liverpool, London–Gatwick, London–Luton, Lyon, Manchester, Milan–Malpensa, Nantes, Naples, Nice, Porto Seasonal: Alicante, Palma de Mallorca |
| Egyptair | Cairo |
| El Al | Tel Aviv |
| Emirates | Dubai–International |
| Etihad Airways | Abu Dhabi (begins 2 June 2025) |
| Eurowings | Athens, Barcelona, Birmingham, Cologne/Bonn, Düsseldorf, Geneva, Málaga, Rome–Fiumicino, Stockholm–Arlanda Seasonal: Agadir, Alicante, Funchal, Heraklion Nice, Palma de Mallorca, Tallinn, Valencia Seasonal charter: Faro (resumes 17 June 2025), Larnaca (resumes 31 May 2025) |
| Finnair | Helsinki |
| Flydubai | Dubai–International |
| FlyLili | Seasonal charter: Tel Aviv |
| Flynas | Seasonal: Riyadh |
| FlyOne | Chișinău |
| Georgian Wings | Seasonal: Tbilisi |
| Hainan Airlines | Beijing–Capital |
| Iberia | Madrid |
| Icelandair | Reykjavík–Keflavík |
| Israir | Tel Aviv |
| Jazeera Airways | Seasonal: Kuwait City |
| Jet2.com | Birmingham, Leeds/Bradford, Manchester Seasonal: Belfast–International, Bournemouth (begins 27 November 2025), Bristol, East Midlands, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Liverpool, London–Stansted, Newcastle upon Tyne |
| KLM | Amsterdam |
| KM Malta Airlines | Malta |
| Korean Air | Seoul–Incheon |
| LOT Polish Airlines | Warsaw–Chopin |
| Lufthansa | Frankfurt, Munich |
| Luxair | Luxembourg |
| Neos | Seasonal charter: Krabi, Nosy Be, Punta Cana |
| Nile Air | Seasonal charter: Hurghada |
| Norwegian Air Shuttle | Copenhagen, Oslo, Stockholm–Arlanda |
| Nouvelair | Seasonal charter: Monastir |
| Pegasus Airlines | Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen Seasonal: Antalya |
| Play | Seasonal: Reykjavík–Keflavík |
| Qanot Sharq | Tashkent |
| Qatar Airways | Doha |
| Ryanair | Barcelona, Bari, Beauvais, Bergamo, Bristol, Budapest, Catania, Charleroi, Copenhagen, Dublin, East Midlands, Edinburgh, Gdańsk, Košice, Kraków, London–Stansted, Madrid, Málaga, Manchester, Marseille, Naples, Pisa, Riga, Rome–Ciampino, Seville, Tirana, Treviso Seasonal: Bologna, Corfu, Gothenburg, Palma de Mallorca, Pescara, Poznań, Rhodes, Rimini, Skiathos, Trieste (begins 30 March 2025), Turin, Zadar |
| Scandinavian Airlines | Seasonal: Copenhagen, Stockholm–Arlanda |
| SCAT Airlines | Astana |
| Sky Express | Athens |
| Skyline Express | Seasonal charter: Hurghada, Marsa Alam |
| Smartwings | Antalya, Dubai–Al Maktoum, Fuerteventura, Funchal, Gran Canaria, Hurghada, Lanzarote, Madrid, Málaga, Marsa Alam, Palma de Mallorca, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Tel Aviv, Tenerife–South, Valencia Seasonal: Almería, Athens, Brindisi, Burgas, Cagliari, Catania, Chania, Corfu, Dubai–International, Heraklion, Izmir, La Palma, Karpathos, Kefalonia, Kos, Lamezia Terme, Larnaca, Menorca, Nice, Olbia, Ponta Delgada, Preveza/Lefkada, Rhodes, Samos, Santorini, Split, Thessaloniki, Tirana, Varna, Zakynthos Seasonal charter: Abu Dhabi, Agadir, Aqaba, Bahrain, Barcelona (begins 10 June 2025), Boa Vista, Bodrum, Cairo, Chios, Dakar–Diass, Dalaman, Djerba, El Alamein, Enfidha, Faro, Girona, Ibiza, Kavala, Kayseri, Kithira, Lemnos, Marsa Matruh, Mombasa, Monastir, Murcia, Muscat, Mytilene, Nador, Naples, Oujda, Palermo, Patras, Ras Al Khaimah, Reus, Sal, Salalah, Sharm El Sheikh, Skiathos, Skyros, Taba |
| SunExpress | Antalya Seasonal: Izmir, Kayseri |
| Swiss International Air Lines | Zurich |
| TAP Air Portugal | Lisbon |
| TAROM | Bucharest–Otopeni |
| Transavia | Eindhoven, Paris–Orly |
| Turkish Airlines | Istanbul |
| Uzbekistan Airways | Seasonal charter: Tashkent |
| Volotea | Florence, Lyon, Nantes, Verona |
| Vueling | Barcelona, Bilbao, Paris–Orly |
| Wizz Air | Catania, Kutaisi, Larnaca, London–Gatwick, London–Luton, Milan–Malpensa (ends 27 April 2025), Rome–Fiumicino, Tirana |
| World2Fly | Seasonal charter: Holguín, Phu Quoc, Puerto Vallarta, Punta Cana |

#### Notes

* ^1 Smartwings charter flight from Prague to Mombasa makes a stop in Marsa Alam. However, the airline does not have traffic rights to transport passengers solely between Marsa Alam and Mombasa.

### Cargo

| Airlines | Destinations |
| ASL Airlines Belgium | Paris–Charles de Gaulle |
| Qatar Airways Cargo | Budapest, Doha |
| Turkish Cargo | Istanbul, Vilnius |
| UPS Airlines | Cologne/Bonn |

## Statistics
### Busiest routes by destination

| Rank | Airport | 2019 | 2018 | Airlines |
| 1 | Amsterdam | 759,011 | 690,857 | EasyJet, KLM |
| 2 | Paris–Charles de Gaulle | 740,439 | 712,414 | Air France, Czech Airlines |
| 3 | Moscow–Sheremetyevo | 696,232 | 755,935 | |
| 4 | Frankfurt | 527,836 | 524,302 | Lufthansa |
| 5 | Dubai | 469,029 | 506,462 | Emirates, flydubai |
| 6 | London–Heathrow | 447,149 | 443,741 | British Airways |
| 7 | Barcelona | 440,222 | 432,521 | Eurowings, Ryanair |
| 8 | London–Stansted | 435,969 | 408,188 | Jet2.com, Ryanair |
| 9 | Tel Aviv | 381,488 | 388,847 | Arkia, Smartwings |
| 10 | Copenhagen | 346,447 | N/A | Norwegian Air Shuttle, Ryanair |

### Busiest routes by country

| Rank | Country | 2011 | 2018 |
| 1 | United Kingdom | 1,138,899 | 2,061,486 |
| 2 | Italy | 872,933 | 1,342,428 |
| 3 | Germany | 1,162,114 | 1,167,768 |
| 4 | France | 1,017,899 | 1,127,151 |
| 5 | Spain | 726,301 | 1,091,450 |

## Ground transportation
### Road

Buses of DPP, the Prague Public Transit Co., stop at both terminals 1 and 2 frequently. A Czech Railways public bus service, AE – AirportExpress, connects Terminal 1 with Praha hlavní nádraží. From the bus station in front of Terminal 1 there are also regular buses to Kladno, intercity buses of Regiojet run every 30–60 minutes to Karlovy Vary and Cheb.

### Proposed rail connection

There are plans to build a rail connection to the airport. Preliminary work commenced in 2018, with procurement proceedings launched the following year. Main construction was expected to start around 2023, but as of 2024 construction had not yet begun. According to a 2021 media report, the airport is to be served via a branch off the Prague-Kladno line, including an underground station to serve the airport. The project also includes double tracking and electrifying the existing single-track railway. The plan also includes upgrades to Prague-Masarykovo station, which began in 2024. The project is notable for being the first ever public-private partnership in Czech railway history, and is expected to be completed around 2030 at a cost of 28 billion crowns.

## Accidents and incidents

* On 19 February 1973, Aeroflot Flight 141, a Tupolev Tu-154, crashed half a kilometre short of the airport during final approach. While most of the passengers survived the crash many died in the fire that followed. Altogether 66 people died from the 100 passengers and crew. The crash was the first loss of and the first fatal accident involving a Tu-154.
* On 30 October 1975, Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 450, a Douglas DC-9-32 hit high ground during an approach in fog to Prague Ruzyně Airport. 75 of the 120 passengers and crew on board were killed.
* On 21 October 1981, a Tupolev Tu-154B flown by Malév landed hard after flight from Amsterdam. Fuselage broke into two main parts thus making aircraft damaged beyond repair. Everybody onboard survived, 24 passengers were injured.
* On 29 March 1989, two teenagers from Czechoslovakia armed with grenades and shotguns hijacked Malév Flight 640 at Prague Ruzyně Airport, and forced the Tupolev Tu-154B with 15 hostages to fly to Frankfurt Airport in West Germany before surrendering.