# Daughter's Daughter

Daughter's Daughter (Chinese: 女兒的女兒) is a 2024 Taiwanese family drama film directed and written by Huang Xi, marking her second feature after Missing Johnny (2017), and co-produced by Hou Hsiao-hsien and Sylvia Chang. Chang also stars in a lead role, alongside Karena Lam and Eugenie Liu, with the film following a recently retired mother (Chang) who loses her daughter (Liu) in an accident and has to make decisions about a frozen embryo her daughter left behind.
Pre-production for the film began in 2018, with Sylvia Chang attached to the project from the outset. The screenplay was developed over five years and greenlit in November 2023 after winning the Golden Harvest Award. Principal photography took place from December 2023 to January 2024 in Taipei and New York City, and the film was showcased in the Golden Horse Goes to Cannes section of the 77th Cannes Film Festival in May 2024.
The film had its world premiere in competition for the Platform Prize at the 49th Toronto International Film Festival on 12 September 2024, where Sylvia Chang received an honorable mention, and was theatrically released in Taiwan on 22 November. It received five nominations in the 61st Golden Horse Awards, with Huang Xi winning for Best Original Screenplay.

## Synopsis

Ai breaks her leg and is hospitalized. During her stay, her mother Shen, who has recently returned to Taipei from New York, visits her, accompanied by her estranged daughter Emma, whom she sent away to an acquaintance in Chinatown at a young age. Zuer, Ai's lesbian daughter born after she left America and returned to Taiwan with her now-divorced husband, arrives next with her girlfriend Jiayi, meeting her long-lost sister Emma for the first time.
Five years later, Zuer travels to New York with Jiayi for intrauterine insemination. Despite experiencing strong arguments with Ai, who opposes her decision to have a child, deeming her too immature to care for one, Zuer misses her mother and calls her in tears before her ovulation induction. She and Jiayi then meet up with Emma and Emma's paternal father Johnny for dinner. However, the partners become involved in a car accident on their way to New Jersey afterwards, resulting in Jiayi's death at the scene and Zuer sustaining severe injuries. Ai immediately flies to America after receiving news from Johnny, but Zuer has already succumbed to her injuries by the time Ai arrives. Heartbroken, Ai refuses to accept the news and asks Johnny to leave her alone. Eventually, she loses her way on the streets and seeks out Emma in Chinatown. They find Zuer's Airbnb, but Ai stops Emma from tidying up Zuer's belongings, claiming she is too heartbroken to do so.
The following day, Ai goes to the fertility clinic with Emma, where they learn that Zuer and Jiayi have left behind a healthy frozen embryo, of which Ai is now the legal guardian. Overwhelmed and unfamiliar with the technology, Ai initially chooses to terminate it. When they return to Zuer's Airbnb, they discover a wall covered in graffiti with various messages left behind by residents. Emma searches for what Zuer has written, but Ai insists that Zuer would not conform to the majority and write there. This familiarity with Zuer leads Emma to express that it breaks her heart. Wanting to keep Zuer's baby, Emma begins looking for suitable surrogate mothers. Upon learning this, Ai confronts Emma, arguing that she is too old for another child, especially since she still has to care for her own mother. Emma reveals her disappointment in Ai as a mother for considering giving up her daughter's child, just as Ai had abandoned her.
After the confrontation and attending Zuer's funeral, Ai changes her mind and agrees to have the child through a surrogate mother. Before leaving America, Ai has dinner with Emma again, facilitated by Johnny. While they are outside for a cigarette, Emma asks Ai what she is thinking when she abandoned her years ago. Ai replies that she is frightened and her only desire at that time is not to see Emma again, expressing gratitude that Emma is still willing to see her despite everything. Emma thanks Ai for her honesty, and they part ways after a hug. Before leaving Zuer's Airbnb, Ai remembers the graffiti and searches for Zuer's message, discovering it on the window: "Why do I not have my mother's name?" Seeing this, Ai leaves with a smile.
Two years later, Ai begins raising Zuer's daughter in Taipei, while a severely demented Shen repeatedly mistakes the present for the past, telling Ai that she is too immature for a child and advising her to abandon the daughter to a friend in Chinatown.

## Cast

* Sylvia Chang as Jin "Ai" Aixia, a recently retired mother of two daughters
* Karena Lam as Emma, Ai's daughter in New York whom she gave birth to and abandoned as a teenager
* Eugenie Liu as Fan Zuer, Ai's rebellious daughter whom she gave birth to in Taiwan years after Emma
* Winston Chao as Johnny, Ai's ex-boyfriend and Emma's biological father
* Alannah Ong [zh] as Shen Yan-hua, Ai's elderly mother
* Tracy Chou as Zhou Jiayi, Zuer's girlfriend
* Ma Tin-ni [zh] as Wang Lifen, Ai's best friend

## Production
### Development

After producing the romance film Missing Johnny (2017), Huang Xi began developing her second feature film project, with pre-production starting in 2018 and Hou Hsiao-hsien attached as a producer during the early stages. Sylvia Chang, who had previously collaborated with Huang and Hou on the miniseries Twisted Strings [zh] (2022), joined the project five years prior to the start of filming. Chang was approached by Hou and immediately agreed to take on the role of lead actress and co-producer after reading the script. The screenplay took five years to develop, a duration Chang attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic, during which she was also involved in fine-tuning the script. During rewrites, Huang initially considered changing the film's setting to be entirely in Taiwan to reduce production costs, but Chang insisted on retaining the overseas scenes and filming in the United States. Huang also sought advice from filmmakers Wang Shaudi and Arthur Chu [zh] on the story. In August 2023, Alannah Ong [zh] announced that she would be joining the cast. The project eventually won the Excellent Screenplay Award at the 45th Golden Harvest Awards [zh] in November 2023, which led to the project being greenlit on the National Development Fund of Taiwan Creative Content Agency. On 5 December, Karena Lam announced that she would be collaborating with Sylvia Chang on a Taiwanese film, which was scheduled to begin shooting at Christmas. Huang was announced as the director in the same month, with Liao Ching-sung, Yao Hung-i, and Hwarng Wern-ying [zh] joining as editor, cinematographer, and production designer, respectively.

### Filming

Principal photography of the film commenced on 14 December 2023, in Taipei, Taiwan, with Sylvia Chang and Karena Lam announced in lead roles, although Lam did not participate in the shoot in Taiwan. Filming then moved to New York City, United States, in early 2024, with location shooting took place at the New York City Subway. The shoot was scheduled to wrapped prior to lunar new year, and ultimately concluded within January.

### Post-production

On 16 May 2024, the film was presented at the Golden Horse Goes to Cannes section of the 77th Cannes Film Festival, a new program collaborated by the Golden Horse Awards and Marché du Film with the support of Taiwan's Ministry of Culture. It was in post-production stage at the time of its showcase. Taiwan's Andrews Film secured the international distribution rights against Hong Kong's Edko Films prior to the film's world premiere.

## Release

Daughter's Daughter had its world premiere in the Platform Prize program at the 49th Toronto International Film Festival on 12 September 2024, where Sylvia Chang received a special award and was given an honorable mention from the jury for her performance, marking the first time an individual has been awarded this distinction since the Platform Prize was introduced in 2015. In the awards announcement statement, the jury described the film as "emotionally nuanced and masterfully assembled", and Chang's performance as "exceptional artistry" and an "extremely multilayered portrayal of a conflicted mother".
The film was also screened in competition at the 37th Tokyo International Film Festival, marking its Asian premiere, and later served as the closing film for the 21st Hong Kong Asian Film Festival [zh] and the 2024 Golden Horse Film Festival. It premiered in Taipei on 20 November 2024, and was released theatrically in Taiwan on 22 November.

## Reception

Josh Slater-Williams of IndieWire gave the film a B+ and described Daughter's Daughter as a deeply moving exploration of modern motherhood and complex themes of responsibility, highlighting Huang Xi's "patient storytelling" and Sylvia Chang and Eugenie Liu's "incredibly compelling" performances, which together navigate the blurred lines between selflessness and selfishness in the face of loss and regret. Wendy Ide of Screen International called the film "elegant and affecting," praising its exploration of motherhood and familial relationships through Sylvia Chang's "terrific" performance, while highlighting the "emotional intensity" of Chang's character as she navigates her guilt and perceived failures as a mother.
Alan Chu of United Daily News considers the film "a strong contender at the Golden Horse Awards", praising the lead actresses, particularly Eugenie Liu's portrayal of a lesbian character and Karena Lam's natural chemistry with Sylvia Chang, while also commending Chang for capturing the complexity of motherhood amid loss and family turmoil, calling it "Chang's best performance in the past decade". Alex Chung of HK01 echoed Chu's opinion, stating that all three lead actresses were "outstanding in their roles", and lauded Huang Xi's insightful storytelling and the nuanced exploration of complex themes surrounding insemination and maternal relationships, describing the film as "delicately revealing the inner worlds of women from their perspectives".
Matthew Joseph Jenner of the International Cinephile Society gave the film 4/5 stars and acknowledged the film as "complex and harrowing, but poetically beautiful", which deftly explores the challenges of motherhood and intergenerational relationships through Sylvia Chang's powerful performance, which together create a poignant portrayal of a woman's journey through grief and healing without resorting to melodrama. Drew Burnett Gregory of queer magazine Autostraddle, however, offered a rather negative review, criticizing the film for using tropes about queer death without appropriate exploration. While it features strong performances from Sylvia Chang and Karena Lam, its overlong runtime, unremarkable craft, and blunt writing make it a mostly unengaging experience, with missed opportunities to portray the life of the missing queer character and her community.

## Related work

While producing and starring as a mother in the film, Sylvia Chang collected various thoughts and reflections on parental relationships, which she plans to publish as a book. The book is currently scheduled for release, tentatively titled Daughter.

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Nominee | Result |
| 2023 | 45th Golden Harvest Awards [zh] | Excellent Screenplay Award | — | Won |
| 2024 | 61st Golden Horse Awards | Best Leading Actress | Sylvia Chang | Nominated |
| 2024 | 61st Golden Horse Awards | Best Supporting Actress | Eugenie Liu | Nominated |
| 2024 | 61st Golden Horse Awards | Best Original Screenplay | Huang Xi | Won |
| 2024 | 61st Golden Horse Awards | Best Original Film Song | Deserts Chang for "Listen" | Nominated |
| 2024 | 61st Golden Horse Awards | Best Makeup & Costume Design | Kao Hsien-ling | Nominated |
| 2025 | 18th Asian Film Awards | Best Actress | Sylvia Chang | Nominated |