# Lice, Turkey

Lice (Turkish pronunciation:; Kurmanji Kurdish: Lîcê; Armenian: Լճե, romanized: Ltche) is a district and town of Diyarbakır Province, Turkey. Its area is 982 km$^2$ and population is 24,364 (2022). It is located 90 km from the capital, Diyarbakır. Its population is mainly Kurds. In the local elections held in March 2024, Dilek Diyar Özer was elected mayor from the DEM Party. The current governor of the town is Kerem Yenigün. The Baybaşin family, known for its popularity in the criminal world, is from Lice. The Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) was founded in the village of Fîs in Lice.

## History

Lice was the headquarters of the 5th Army Corps of the Turkish army during the Sheikh Said rebellion in 1925 and it was a focal point at the beginning of the rebellion. The town was captured on the 20 February by the troops loyal to Sheikh Said. The Kurdish Zirki tribe in the Lice district also supported the Sheik Said rebellion and as a reprisal, the tribes villages Çaylarbaşı, Kurlu, Alataş, Mat-bur and Çağlayan have been demolished and the residing population was killed by troops of the Turkish army. It was reported that the troops of the Turkish Major Ali Haydar have wiped out the majority of the Sheikhs.
On 6 September 1975, Lice was struck by an earthquake with a magnitude of M$_s$ 6.7. Around 1.500 people were killed in Lice according to the mayor. The governor of Diyarbakır said nearly 75 percent of the city's buildings were razed while 95 percent of the town was damaged. At least 12 neighbourhoods of the district were destroyed while heavy damage occurred in Yenişehir. Across the district, all of its public and government buildings sustained heavy damage or were destroyed. Villages located closer to the epicenter experienced total destruction.
The PKK, was founded in the village of Fîs, in Lice district on November 27, 1978.
The Lice massacre, during which the Turkish army demolished large parts of the town in reprisal of the death of an Jandarma officer, took place from October 20–23, 1993.
Between 2018 and 2019 localities in the Lice district have often been targeted with curfews declared by the Turkish authorities, which wanted to execute security operations in the district.
The Kurdish castle of Ataq used to exist near the modern Lice.

## Demographics

In 1914, 5,980 Armenians and 4,100 Assyro-Chaldeans lived in the kaza. Armenians had 24 churches, one monastery and five schools. Lice proper had 12,000 inhabitants, including 7,000 Christians (Armenians and Assyrians). During the Armenian genocide, all males were massacred, women and children were deported and their fate is unknown.

## Composition

There are 70 neighbourhoods in Lice District:
* Abalı
* Akçabudak
* Arıklı
* Bağlan
* Baharlar
* Bayırlı
* Birlik
* Budak
* Çağdaş
* Cami Kebir
* Çarşı
* Çavundur
* Çeper
* Çıralı
* Dallıca
* Damar
* Daralan
* Delvan
* Dernek
* Dibekköy
* Dolunay
* Duruköy
* Ecemiş
* Erginköy
* Esenler
* Gökçe
* Güçlü
* Güldiken
* Gürbeyli
* Hedik
* Kabakaya
* Kali
* Karahasan
* Kelvan
* Kılıçlı
* Kıpçak
* Kıralan
* Kıyıköy
* Körtük
* Kumluca
* Kutlu
* Mulla
* Müminağa
* Muradiye
* Ortaç
* Örtülü
* Oyuklu
* Şaar
* Savat
* Saydamlı
* Şenlik
* Serince
* Sığınak
* Tepe
* Türeli
* Tuzlaköy
* Uçarlı
* Üçdamlar
* Ulucak
* Yalaza
* Yalımlı
* Yamaçlı
* Yaprakköy
* Yenişehir
* Yeşilburç
* Yolçatı
* Yorulmaz
* Yünlüce
* Ziyaret
* Zümrüt