# Sudanese Air Force

The Sudanese Air Force (Arabic: القوّات الجوّيّة السودانيّة, romanized: Al-Quwwat al-Jawwiya As-Sudaniya) is the aerial warfare branch of the Sudanese Armed Forces. It was established in 1956 following Sudan's independence earlier that year, and first saw action in the First Sudanese Civil War.

## History

The Sudanese Air Force was founded immediately after Sudan gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1956. The British assisted in the Air Force's establishment, providing equipment and training. Four new Hunting Provost T Mk 51s were delivered for jet training in 1961. In 1958, the Sudanese Air Force's transport wing acquired its first aircraft, a single Hunting President. In 1960 the Sudanese Air Force received an additional four re-furbished RAF Provosts and two more Hunting Presidents. Also in 1960, the transport wing's capability was increased by the addition of two Pembroke C Mk 54s.
The SAF gained its first combat aircraft when 12 Jet Provosts with a close air support capability were delivered in 1962. In the 1960s, the Soviet Union and China started supplying the Sudanese Air Force with aircraft. This included supply of Shenyang F-5 fighters (F-5/FT-5 variants).

## Air bases

* Kenana Air Base
* Wadi Seidna Air Base
* Port Sudan Air Base

## Equipment
### Aircraft

The air force flies a mixture of transport planes, fighter jets and helicopters which are mainly sourced from the Soviet Union/Russia and China. However, not all the aircraft are in a fully functioning state and the availability of spare parts has been limited. In 1991, the two main air bases were at the capital Khartoum and Wadi Sayyidna near Omdurman.
On 4 April 2001, a Sudanese Antonov An-24 aircraft crashed in Adaril (Adar Yeil, Adar Yale), Sudan. The fifteen dead included a general, seven lieutenant generals, three brigadiers, a colonel, a lieutenant colonel and a corporal.
In 2009, Sudan made a successful deal to buy two different batches of 12 MiG-29 Russian fighter jets each. There were 23 MiG-29s in active service as of late 2008. However, the rebel Justice and Equality Movement claimed to have shot down one MiG-29 with large-caliber machine-gun fire on 10 May 2008, killing the pilot of the plane, a retired Russian Air Force fighter pilot; the Sudanese government denied the allegation. South Sudan also claimed to have shot down a Sudanese MiG-29 during the 2012 border conflict.
In mid-2011, members of the UN Panel of Experts on the Sudan documented the following aircraft in Darfur which potentially indicated violations of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1556:
* Letter dated 24 January 2011 from former members of the Panel of Experts on the Sudan established pursuant to Resolution 1591 (2005) and renewed pursuant to Resolution 1945 (2010) addressed to the Chairman of the Security Council Committee established pursuant to Resolution 1591 (2005) concerning the Sudan, page 30
** Five Sukhoi Su-25 ground attack aircraft (tail numbers 201, 204, 205, 207, 212)
** Three Mi-17 transport helicopters (tail numbers 525, 540, 543)
** Nine Mi-24 attack helicopters (tail numbers 928, 937, 938, 939, 942, 943, 947, 948 stationed at El Fasher and Nyala, and an additional Mi-24 which crashed near El Fasher on 18 April 2011.) Satellite imagery also indicates that a total of five other attack helicopters were present at Kutum, N Darfur, in April 2011, and at El Geneima in February 2011, but panel members have not determined whether they were introduced from outside Darfur in addition to those listed above, or moved from within Darfur.
In August 2013, pictures showed Su-24's in Sudanese colors, reporting that the aircraft were among the ex Belarusian Air Force Su-24's retired in 2012. Various reports have said that the air force uses Iranian drones such as the Ghods Ababil.
| Aircraft | Origin | Type | Variant | In service | Notes |
| Combat aircraft ||||||
| Nanchang Q-5 | China | attack | A-5C | 20 | |
| Shenyang J-6 | China | fighter | F-6C | 8 | |
| Chengdu J-7 | China | fighter | F-7M | 12 | |
| MiG-21 | Soviet Union | fighter | MiG-21M | 4 | |
| MiG-23 | Soviet Union | fighter | MiG-23MS | 3 | |
| MiG-29 | Soviet Union | multirole | MiG-29SE | 11 | 1 MiG-29UB is used for conversion training |
| Sukhoi Su-24 | Soviet Union | attack | Su-24M | 7 | Delivered from Belarus in 2013 |
| Sukhoi Su-25 | Soviet Union | attack | Su-25K | 12 | 3 Su-25UB are used for conversion training |
| Transport ||||||
| Antonov An-12 | Soviet Union | transport | An-12BP | 5 | |
| Antonov An-26 | Soviet Union | transport | An-26 | 1 | One crashed in 2025. |
| Antonov An-30 | Soviet Union | transport | An-30/32 | 4 |
| C-130 Hercules | United States | transport | C-130H | 1 | |
| DHC-5 Buffalo | Canada | transport | DHC-5D | 1 | |
| Combat helicopter ||||||
| Bell 205 | United States | utility | Bell 205 | 2 | |
| Bell 212 | United States | utility | Bell 212 | 3 | |
| Mil Mi-8 | Soviet Union | utility | Mi-8/17/171 | 24 | |
| Mil Mi-24 | Russia | attack | Mi-35 | 35 | |
| Trainer aircraft ||||||
| Guizhou JL-9 | China | jet trainer | FTC-2000 | 6 | |
| Hongdu JL-8 | China/Pakistan | jet trainer | K-8 | 5 | |
| UAV ||||||
| Mohajer-6 | Iran | UCAV | | | |
| DJI Mavic | Sudan / Ukraine | Loitering munition | | | Manufactured locally |
| HESA Ababil | Iran | UCAV | | | Manufactured locally |
| Zagil-3M | Sudan | UCAV | | | Manufactured locally |
| Kamin-25 | Sudan | Loitering munition | | | Manufactured locally ( launched on Zagil-3M drone ) |
| CASC Rainbow | China | UCAV | | | |
| CAIG Wing Loong II | China | UCAV | | | |
| Bayraktar TB2 | Turkey | UCAV | | | |
| FH-95 (Feihong) | China | UCAV | | | ( captured from UAE-supplied rsf ) |

#### Retired

Previous notable aircraft operated were the BAC Jet Provost T55, Douglas C-47,Northrop F-5E/F Tiger II, BAC 167 Strikemaster Mk.90, Shaanxi Y-8, Antonov An-2, Fokker F27 Friendship, Pilatus PC-6 Porter, Shenyang J-2, MBB Bo 105CB, Mil Mi-4, and the Agusta-Bell 212 helicopter.

### Missiles

| Missile | Origin | Type | Variant | In service |
| AAM ||||||
| R-77 | Russia | air-to-air BVR missile | R-77 | N/A |
| R-73 (missile) | Russia | Short-range air-to-air missile | R-73 (missile) | N/A |
| R-27 (missile) | Russia | air-to-air BVR missile | R-27 (missile) | N/A |
| K-13 (missile) | Russia | Short-range air-to-air missile | K-13 (missile) | N/A |
| PL-8 (missile) | China | Short-range air-to-air missile | PL-8 (missile) | 40 |

### Air defense

| Weapon | Origin | Type | Variant | In service | Notes |
| ZPU | Soviet Union | Anti-aircraft gun | ZPU | +3200 | ZPU/1/2/4/23 |
| AZP S-60 | Soviet Union | Autocannon | S-60 | +100 | Both S-60 and Type 59 versions |
| KS-19 | Soviet Union | Anti-aircraft gun | KS-19 | +40 | Status unknown |
| M163 VADS | United States | Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun | M163 | +8 | |
| 9K32 Strela-2 | Soviet Union | Man portable surface-to-air missile launcher | SA-7 | +400 | |
| FN-6 | China | Man portable surface-to-air missile launcher | FN-6 | +200 | |
| FIM-43 Redeye | United States | Manportable surface-to-air missile | FIM-43 | +125 | |
| QW-2 | China | Man portable surface-to-air missile launcher | QW-2 | +200 | Sudan operates QW-1/2 |
| Akash | India | SAM system | Mk 1 | N/A | |
| SA-2 Guideline | Soviet Union | Strategic SAM system | SA-2 | +90 Launchers | Sudan has operated the S-75 and the Chinese HQ-2 since 1970. |
| 9K33 OSA | Soviet Union | SAM system | SA-8 | Unknown | |
| HQ-64 | China | SAM system | HQ-6 | Unknown | |
| HQ-16 | China | Surface-to-air missile | HQ-16 | Unknown |