# Puducherry Legislative Assembly

The Puducherry Legislative Assembly (French: Assemblée législative de Pondichéry) is the unicameral legislature of the Indian union territory (UT) of Puducherry, which comprises four districts: Puducherry, Karaikal, Mahé and Yanam. Out of eight union territories of India, only three have legislatures and they are Delhi, Puducherry and Jammu and Kashmir. After delimitation shortly after its formation, the Puducherry legislative assembly has 30 seats, of which 5 are reserved for candidates from scheduled castes and 3 members are nominated by the Government of India. 30 members are elected directly by the people based on universal adult franchise . These nominated members enjoy the same powers as elected members of the assembly.
Geographically, the area under the Puducherry UT consists of three disjointed regions, with Puducherry and Karaikal districts surrounded by districts of Tamil Nadu, Yanam district an enclave of East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh, and Mahé district bordered by districts of Kerala. The four districts were ruled by the French before they were integrated into India in 1962. For ease of administration, during French rule, the area under these four districts was divided into 39 assembly constituencies. After becoming a UT of India, Puducherry was divided into 30 assembly constituencies, which were restructured in 2005 by the Delimitation Commission of India.

## History
### Assembly during French rule

In 1946, French India (Inde française) became Overseas territory (Territoire d'outre-mer) of France. Then a Representative Assembly (Assemblée représentative) was created. Thus, in 1946, on 25 October, the representative assembly of 44 members has replaced the general council (conseil général). The Representative Assembly had 44 seats until merger of Chandernagore in 1951. Later, it reduced to 39 seats.

### Merger and formation of Union Territory

The French government transferred the four enclaves to the Indian Union under a de facto treaty on 1 November 1954. Later the territory was merged with India on 16 August 1962.
On 10 May 1963, the Indian Parliament enacted the Government of Union Territories Act, 1963 that came into force on 1 July 1963. This introduced the same pattern of government that prevailed in the rest of the country, but subject to certain limitations. Under Article 239 of the Indian Constitution, the President of India appoints an Administrator LG with such designation as he may specify to head the administration of the territory. The President also appoints the Chief Minister. The President, on the advice of the Chief Minister, appoints the other Ministers. The Union Territories Act, 1963 limits the number of elected members of the assembly to 30 and allows the central government to appoint not more than 3 nominated MLAs. The same act ensures that seats are reserved for Scheduled Castes in the legislative assembly.
The Representative Assembly was converted into the Legislative Assembly of Pondicherry on 1 July 1963 as per Section 54(3) of The Union Territories Act, 1963 and its members were deemed to have been elected to the Assembly.$^{:966}$ Thus, the First Legislative Assembly was formed without an election. Elections for the assembly have been held since 1964.

## Etymology

Puducherry has five official names, owing to its linguistic diversity, past French heritage, and the legacy of British India. The legislative assembly is referred to as follows:
* English: Puducherry Legislative Assembly
* French: Assemblée législative de Pondichéry
* Tamil: புதுச்சேரி சட்டப் பேரவை, romanized: Puduccēri Caṭṭap Pēravai
* Telugu: పుదుచ్చేరి శాసనసభ, romanized: Puduccēri Śāsanasabha
* Malayalam: പുതുച്ചേരി നിയമസഭ, romanized: Puduccēri Niyamasabha

## List of the assemblies

| Assembly (Election) | Ruling Party | Chief Minister | Speaker | Deputy Speaker | Leader of the House | Leader of the Opposition |
| 1st (1959) | Indian National Congress | Edouard Goubert | A. S. Gangeyan | Kamisetty Parasuram Naidu | Edouard Goubert | V. Subbiah |
| 2nd (1964) | Indian National Congress | V. Venkatasubba Reddiar M. O. H. Farook V. Venkatasubba Reddiar | M. O. H. Farook P. Shanmugam S. Manicka Vasagam | V. N. Purushothaman | V. Venkatasubba Reddiar M. O. H. Farook V. Venkatasubba Reddiar | V. Subbiah |
| 3rd (1969) | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | M. O. H. Farook | S. Perumal M. L. Selvaradjou | M. L. Selvaradjou Kamisetty Parasuram Naidu | M. O. H. Farook | P. Shanmugam |
| 4th (1974) | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | S. Ramassamy | S. Pakkiam | Vacant | S. Ramassamy | Dana Kantharaj |
| 5th (1977) | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | S. Ramassamy | K. Kanthi | S. Pazhaninathan | S. Ramassamy | P. Ansari Doraisamy |
| 6th (1980) | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | M. D. R. Ramachandran | M. O. H. Farook | L. Joseph Mariadoss | M. D. R. Ramachandran | P. Uthiravelu |
| 7th (1985) | Indian National Congress | M. O. H. Farook | Kamisetty Parasuram Naidu M. Chandirakasu | M. Chandirakasu P. K. Sathianandan | M. O. H. Farook | P. K. Loganathan |
| 8th (1990) | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | M. D. R. Ramachandran | G. Palaniraja | A. Bhakthavatsalam | M. D. R. Ramachandran | M. O. H. Farook |
| 9th (1991) | Indian National Congress | V. Vaithilingam | P. Kannan | A. V. Subramanian | V. Vaithilingam | V. M. C. V. Ganapathy |
| 10th (1996) | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | R. V. Janakiraman | V. M. C. Sivakumar M. Kandasamy | V. Nagarathinam M. Kandasamy | R. V. Janakiraman | V. Vaithilingam |
| 10th (1996) | Indian National Congress | P. Shanmugam | A. V. Subramanian | K. Rajasekaran | P. Shanmugam | R. V. Janakiraman |
| 11th (2001) | Indian National Congress | P. Shanmugam N. Rangasamy | M. D. R. Ramachandran | M. Chandirakasu A. V. Subramanian | P. Shanmugam N. Rangasamy | R. V. Janakiraman |
| 12th (2006) | Indian National Congress | N. Rangasamy V. Vaithilingam | R. Radhakrishnan | A. V. Sreedharan | N. Rangasamy V. Vaithilingam | A. M. H. Nazeem |
| 13th (2011) | All India N.R. Congress | N. Rangasamy | V. Sabapathy | T. P. R. Selvame | N. Rangasamy | V. Vaithilingam |
| 14th (2016) | Indian National Congress | V. Narayanasamy | V. Vaithilingam V. P. Sivakolundhu | V. P. Sivakolundhu M. N. R. Balan | V. Narayanasamy | N. Rangasamy |
| 15th (2021) | All India N.R. Congress | N. Rangasamy | Embalam R. Selvam | P. Rajavelu | N. Rangasamy | R. Siva |

## Members of legislative assembly

| Constituency | Constituency | Constituency | Elected member | Political party | Political party | Alliance | Alliance | Remarks |
| No. | Name | Reservation | Elected member | Political party | Political party | Alliance | Alliance | Remarks |
| 1 | Mannadipet | General | A. Namassivayam | Bharatiya Janata Party | | NDA | | Minister for Home |
| 2 | Thirubhuvanai | SC | P. Angalane | Independent | | None | | |
| 3 | Oussudu | SC | A. K. Sai J. Saravanan Kumar | Bharatiya Janata Party | | NDA | | Minister for Adi Dravidar Welfare |
| 4 | Mangalam | General | C. Djeacoumar | All India N.R. Congress | | NDA | | Minister for Agriculture |
| 5 | Villianur | General | R. Siva | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | | INDIA | | Leader of the Opposition |
| 6 | Ozhukarai | General | M. Sivasankar | Independent | | None | |
| 7 | Kadirgamam | General | K. S. P. @ S. Ramesh | All India N.R. Congress | | NDA | | |
| 8 | Indira Nagar | General | A. K. D. @ V. Aroumougame | All India N.R. Congress | | NDA | | |
| 9 | Thattanchavady | General | N. Rangasamy | All India N.R. Congress | | NDA | | Chief Minister |
| 10 | Kamaraj Nagar | General | A. Johnkumar | Bharatiya Janata Party | | NDA | | |
| 11 | Lawspet | General | M. Vaithianathan | Indian National Congress | | INDIA | | |
| 12 | Kalapet | General | P. M. L. Kalyanasundaram | Bharatiya Janata Party | | NDA | | |
| 13 | Muthialpet | General | J. Prakash Kumar | Independent | | None | | |
| 14 | Raj Bhavan | General | K. Lakshminarayanan | All India N.R. Congress | | NDA | | Minister for Public Works |
| 15 | Oupalam | General | Annibal Kennedy | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | | INDIA | | |
| 16 | Orleampeth | General | G. Nehru @ Kuppusamy | Independent | | None | | |
| 17 | Nellithope | General | Richards Johnkumar | Bharatiya Janata Party | | NDA | | |
| 18 | Mudaliarpet | General | L. Sambath | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | | INDIA | | |
| 19 | Ariankuppam | General | R. Baskar @ Datchanamourtty | All India N.R. Congress | | NDA | | |
| 20 | Manavely | General | Embalam R. Selvam | Bharatiya Janata Party | | NDA | | Speaker |
| 21 | Embalam | SC | U. Lakshmikandhan | All India N.R. Congress | | NDA | | |
| 22 | Nettapakkam | SC | P. Rajavelu | All India N.R. Congress | | NDA | | Deputy Speaker |
| 23 | Bahour | General | R. Senthilkumar | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | | INDIA | | |
| 24 | Nedungadu | SC | Chandira Priyanga | All India N.R. Congress | | NDA | | |
| 25 | Thirunallar | General | P. R. Siva | Independent | | None | | |
| 26 | Karaikal North | General | P. R. N. Thirumurugan | All India N.R. Congress | | NDA | | Minister for Civil Supplies and Consumer Affairs |
| 27 | Karaikal South | General | A. M. H. Nazeem | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | | INDIA | | |
| 28 | Neravy – T. R. Pattinam | General | M. Nagathiyagarajan | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | | INDIA | | |
| 29 | Mahe | General | Ramesh Parambath | Indian National Congress | | INDIA | | |
| 30 | Yanam | General | Gollapalli Srinivas Ashok | Independent | | None | | |

## Party position

| Alliance | Party | No. of MLAs | Leader of the party |
| Government NDA Seats: 18 | All India N.R. Congress | 10 | N. Rangasamy |
| Government NDA Seats: 18 | Bharatiya Janata Party | 6 | A. Namassivayam |
| Government NDA Seats: 18 | Independent | 2 | N/A |
| Opposition INDIA Seats: 12 | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | 6 | R. Siva |
| Opposition INDIA Seats: 12 | Indian National Congress | 2 | M. Vaithianathan |
| Opposition INDIA Seats: 12 | Independent | 4 | N/A |