# Sivasagar

Sivasagar (Assamese:) is a city and headquarter of the Sivasagar district, Assam. Sivasagar City It is well known for its Ahom palaces and monuments. Sivasagar is an important centre for tea and oil industries today.

## Etymology

It is said that the original name of Sivasagar was - 'Kalansupar' after the name of 'Kalansu Gohain' who resided in a village that originally existed in the place where currently the Sivasagar tank is located. In the year 1733, the Ahom queen Ambika devi dug a tank at the ahom capital Rangpur, covering a area of 257 acre. The place came to be known as Sivpore (Sivpur) being associated with the great Siva temple (Siva Dol) built on the bank of this tank. Then with the passage-of time, the name Sibsagar was formed.

## History

Sivasagar, formerly known as Rangpur, was the capital of the Ahom Kingdom from 1699 to 1788. The Ahoms ruled Assam for six centuries until their kingdom fell to the Burmese Konbaung dynasty in 1819 and their ruling class was all but wiped out.
During the reign Gaurinath Singha (1780–1795) a battle was fought against the Moamoria rebels on the vicinity of the Sivasagar tank.
The province was conquered by the British in 1825 and was completely annexed in 1826. For administrative purposes, it was divided into three sub-divisions.

## Geography

Sivasagar is located at 27°09′N 95°15′E﻿ / ﻿27.15°N 95.25°E﻿ / 27.15; 95.25. It has an average elevation of 86.6 meters above sea level.

## Climate

Sibsagar has been ranked 27th best “National Clean Air City” under (Category 3 population under 3 lakhs cities) in India.

## Demographics

As of 2011 census, Sivasagar had a population of 50,781 of which males and females were 26,925 and 23,856 respectively. In the 2001 census, Sivasagar had a population of 53,854. In the 2001 census, this figure for Sivasagar District was at 0.17 percent of Assam's population.
There was a change of 5.7 percent in the population compared to the population as per 2001. In the previous census of India 2001, Sivasagar recorded an increase of 44.2 percent to its population compared to 1991. The average literacy rate of Sivasagar in 2011 was 80.41 compared to 74.47 of 2001. If things are looked out at gender wise, male and female literacy were 85.84 and 74.71 respectively. For 2001 census, same figures stood at 81.53 and 66.81 in Sivasagar District. Total literate in Sivasagar District was 813,505 of which male and female were 444,767 and 368,738 respectively.

## Administration
### District Court

In the year 1984, a separate Civil District of Sivasagar was declared, and in the year 1985, the District Judiciary was set up.
In the year 1983, C.J.M. court was opened at Sivasagar. Subsequently on 1984, the court of Sub-Divisional Judicial Magistrate, Charaideo, Sonari was established. In 1987, The Civil Judge & Asstt. Sessions Judge, Sivasagar was opened. From 2001 The Addl. District & Sessions Judge (F.T.C) begin functioning. The Sub-Divisional Judicial Magistrate Court(M), Nazira begin functioning from 24 July 2014. As per order of the Hon'ble Gauhati High Court, the new Addl. District and Sessions Judge, Charaideo, Sonari begin functioning from the date of 09-02-2018. On 27-02-2021, Charaideo judicial courts separated from Sivasagar district. There are currently twelve Judicial Courts in Sivasagar District.

## Transport
### Air

Jorhat Airport located at Jorhat, 75 km away from Sivasagar. Another option for getting here is via Dibrugarh Airport, located at a distance of 95 km from the city.

### Rail

Sibsagar Town railway station serves the town. The nearest railway junction on the Lumding–Dibrugarh section of the Northeast Frontier Railways is Simaluguri Junction, 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) from Sivasagar. Buses ply regularly from Simaluguri towards Sivasagar. It is approximately a half-hour bus ride from Simaluguri town.

### Road

Sivasagar is well connected by road with the rest of the state. The National Highway (NH-37) or the Assam Trunk Road runs through the district. State-run buses connect it to Guwahati, Dibrugarh, and Jorhat from the Assam State Transport Corporation's (ASTC) bus station in Sivasagar. Private buses are also available. Taxis are also available for hire. Auto-rickshaws and other modes of transport are available in and around the town. Cheaper modes of transport, like Tata Magic and Tempos, are available through Nazira, Mechagarh and Joysagar to Sivasagar.

## Education

Sivasagar is a hub for education in Upper Assam, with a range of schools, colleges, and universities offering various courses. Here are some notable educational institutions in Sivasagar:

### Schools

1. Sivasagar Govt. Boys' Higher Secondary School
2. Sivasagar Govt. Girls' Higher Secondary School
3. Sivasagar Jatiya Vidyalaya
4. Springdale English School
5. Sivasagar Public School

### Colleges

1. Sivasagar College
2. Sivasagar Girl's College
3. Demow college
4. Nazira College

### Universities

1. Sivasagar University (proposed)
2. Assam agricultural University

### Other Institutions

1. Sivasagar Polytechnic
2. Institute of Pharmacy, Sivasagar
3. Sivasagar District Institute of Education and Training

### Education Scenario

Sivasagar has a literacy rate of around 82%, with a strong emphasis on education. The district has a good network of schools, colleges, and universities, offering courses in various fields, including arts, science, commerce, engineering, and agriculture.

### Initiatives

The government has initiated various programs to improve education in Sivasagar, including:
1. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)
2. Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA)
3. National Higher Education Mission (RUSA)
These initiatives aim to improve infrastructure, teacher training, and student outcomes in Sivasagar.

## Politics

Sibsagar is a part of Jorhat (Lok Sabha constituency). Gaurav Gogoi of Indian National Congress is the current Member of Lok Sabha from the Jorhat Lok Sabha Constituency.
Akhil Gogoi of Raijor Dol is the incumbent MLA from Sivasagar assembly constituency.

## Notable people

* Bhaskar Jyoti Mahanta, DGP of Assam police
* Bhogeswar Baruah, former athlete and coach
* Hiteswar Saikia, politician
* Pranab Kumar Gogoi, politician
* Manas Robin, musician
* Akhil Gogoi, MLA Sivasagar Constituency
* Devoleena Bhattacharjee, Indian TV actress
* Amrita Gogoi, Assamese actress
* Dipali Barthakur, Assamese Singer
* Jatindra Nath Duwara, Assamese Poet
* Maniram Dewan, Freedom fighter