# Preacher's Daughter

Preacher's Daughter is the debut studio album by the American singer-songwriter and record producer Ethel Cain. It was self-released on May 12, 2022, through her independent record label Daughters of Cain. The album was entirely written and produced by Cain, with assistance from Steven Mark Colyer on one track and Matthew Tomasi on two tracks.
Preacher's Daughter is a concept album with a narrative that centers on fictional characters, exploring themes such as family trauma and sexual violence. It was inspired by the artist's personal life as the daughter of a deacon. Sonically, it experiments with Americana, dark ambient, and elements of several other genres. Three singles—"Gibson Girl", "Strangers", and "American Teenager"—preceded the album between March and April 2022. To promote Preacher's Daughter, Cain embarked on her first two concert tours, the Freezer Bride Tour in 2022 and the Blood Stained Blonde Tour in 2023, through North America, Europe, and Oceania.
Upon its release, Preacher's Daughter was met with acclaim from music critics, with praise towards its storytelling and songwriting, and Cain's vocal performance. Many critics named it one of the best albums of the year, while Billboard and Rolling Stone included "American Teenager" in lists of the best LGBTQ songs of all time. The album has also gained a cult following online. It is scheduled to be issued physically for the first time on April 4, 2025. Preacher's Daughter is the first part of a trilogy of albums, which Cain intends to portray through a series of novels and an accompanying film.

## Background and development

Hayden Silas Anhedönia developed an interest in music at a young age. She was involved in a church choir from a Southern Baptist community where her father was a deacon; it was her first exposure to music. Influenced by a variety of Christian music, she began studying classical piano at age 8. She left the church at the age of 16. Two years later, after leaving her religious family home in Florida, she began her gender transition process and started writing her debut studio album.
In 2017, she released dreamy bedroom pop demos of songs under different monikers. As White Silas, she first published Gregorian chant-inspired singles and mixtapes to SoundCloud and Tumblr. Two years later, she began her main project, Ethel Cain, with the extended plays (EPs) Carpet Bed and Golden Age. She then signed to the publishing company Prescription Songs, and created her own imprint Daughters of Cain.
Cain's debut album had an initial duration of two hours and a half. Before the idea of Preacher's Daughter, Cain was working on a different concept album "about angels and stuff"; she stated that she was under "LSD psychosis withdrawals". She changed the course of the album when she wrote the song "A House in Nebraska" in one day. Cain first envisioned the album's protagonist as a cult leader. She declared that "a week or two" after watching the 1991 film Thelma & Louise, she wrote "Thoroughfare" and the album "shifted into a new gear", and was inspired to see "where [the story] was truly going". She also listened to horror podcasts and spent time at country stores and estate sales while making the record.
Cain gained prominence by releasing her third EP under the moniker, Inbred (2021). The EP marked a departure from Cain's previous bedroom production and served as a teaser of how her full-length debut would sound. Developed over four years, Cain wrote and produced all 13 tracks on Preacher's Daughter, with assistance from two collaborators: the multi-instrumentalist Matthew Tomasi and the musician Steven Mark Colyer.

## Concept and themes
### Overview

Preacher's Daughter is a concept album inspired by Cain's own struggles with culture and religion, but centered on the fictional character of the same name, a girl who suffered abuse from her father and escapes from her Christian family and community. The artist stated that the character is her alter ego, and described it as her "dark, evil twin". The overall lyrical themes of the album include transgenerational trauma, toxic relationships, and cultist Christianity, and some of the content is a criticism to the American Dream. The story of the album is set in 1991, ten years after the death of the town's preacher, Cain's father. Writing for Vox, Emily St. James found the album's characterization similar to Truman Capote's In Cold Blood and the works of Flannery O'Connor.
Cain has stated that Preacher's Daughter was the first chapter of the story, with an intention to write a series of novels, and directing and starring in an accompanying film. In an interview with The Line of Best Fit in December 2022, she also expressed interest in continuing a trilogy of albums, with the second and third titled Preacher’s Wife and Mother of a Preacher, respectively. She dubbed the trilogy "the Ethel Cain Cinematic Universe".

### Songs

On the album's prologue, titled "Family Tree (Intro)", Cain explores transgenerational trauma. It begins with a distorted recording of a Southern preacher explaining the significance of the mother as an icon. The intro is followed by "American Teenager", on which the artist is critical to the American dream, expresses anti-war themes, and criticizes gun culture in the United States. On the torch song "A House In Nebraska", Cain relays the story of herself and a partner's lives, while missing them and their home base in Nebraska. The same partner is portrayed as a crime-committing bad boy on "Western Nights", which romanticizes their dark and abusive relationship and how she would do anything for them. Beats Per Minute's Tom Williams drew comparisons between the lyrics of "Western Nights" and Lana Del Rey's Ultraviolence (2014).
The lyrics of the fourth track, "Family Tree", are about her relationship with Christianity and a complicated family network marked by violence. On "Hard Times", Cain longs for the love of a distant father who perpetuated sexual abuse to her, and pleads him, "Tell me a story about how it ends, where you're still the good guy. I'll make pretend". She also reflects about wanting to "emulate the fatherly authorities in her life who brought her harm", according to Devon Chodzin from Paste. The seventh track, "Thoroughfare", finds Cain meeting a man in Texas, who tells her not to escape from his truck. The protagonist "hop[s] right in" as they go towards the west of the United States, while she affirms: "'Cause for the first time since I was a child/I could see a man who wasn't angry." "Gibson Girl" is a violent song told from the perspective of a prostitute. On the track, she narrates a situation of abuse from her new partner, detailing how sexuality on the album often directly proximate to violence and death.
On "Ptolemaea", Cain goes through hallucinations induced by drugs. While a distorsioned male voice says "gave you, need you, love you", the character begs to "stop". It was influenced by the artist's love for horror movies. The song was named after one of four concentric rings of the ninth circle of Hell in Dante's Inferno, dedicated to those who betrayed their guests. "Ptolemaea" is followed by two instrumental tracks—"August Underground" and "Televangelism". The former represents Cain trying to escape from her lover, who ultimately kills her, and the latter allegorises her ascent to Heaven. "Sun Bleached Flies", the penultimate song on Preacher's Daughter, finds the character reflecting from beyond the grave; she later recalls the third track: "I'm still praying for that house in Nebraska." She looks back lamenting her detachment from faith and her community. The final track on the album, "Strangers", starts with another monologue from the preacher, who talks about the paradise awaiting believers after death. The track sees Cain as a "freezer bride" in her killer's basement, who cannibalizes her. She tries to have validation from her lover and religion, and then focuses on her mother in the final verse of the song and album: "Mama, just know that I love you / And I'll see you when you get here".

## Music and style

Preacher's Daughter was described variously by critics as an Americana and dark ambient album with perceived influences from slowcore, heartland rock, gospel, industrial, noise, and horror-electronica. The album's sound is built around piano, grunge guitars, and "muddy sounds". Several of its tracks are power ballads, while the majority of them introduce guitar solos, mainly inspired by stadium rock and hair rock. The album contains cock rock riffs, sludge and drone instrumentals, and draws inspiration from Gregorian chants and choral vocals. Cain also cited mainstream artists Florence Welch and Lana Del Rey as vocal inspirations. Shaad D'Souza for The Guardian observed similarities between Preacher's Daughter and the works of Del Rey and Grouper.
"American Teenager" is the most upbeat track on the album, led by heavy synthesizers and guitars. Music critics, including Williams and Pitchfork's Evan Rytlewski, drew comparisons between the song's sound and the early works of Taylor Swift, specifically her albums Fearless (2008) and Speak Now (2010). Cain then explores with pop rock on "Western Nights", and incorporates distorted white noise and piano on "Family Tree" and "Gibson Girl". Rytlewski described "Hard Times" and "Thoroughfare" as the "rootiest" tracks on the album; the latter, which is the longest song, is led by harmonica and acoustic guitar. The instrumental track "Televangelism" features echoed piano, which according to Chodzin, recalls Grouper's Grid of Points (2018). The closer tracks on Preacher's Daughter, "Sun Bleached Flies" and "Strangers", add elements of country and rock.

## Artwork and aesthetics

Preacher's Daughter has predominant Southern Gothic imagery, with its aesthetics being heavily influenced by religion. Cain's on-stage performances for the album were inspired by Edwardian fashion and Americana style. The cover artwork of the album depicts Cain sitting below a painting of Jesus Christ, wearing a vintage white dress and heels. In an interview with Nylon, Cain stated that she wanted the cover to be "a little creepy, like an eerie photograph found under your grandmother's bed of a relative she never told you about". She also revealed that it took "about 8 selects", but chose the one where "[her] face was morphed slightly". Promotional visuals for tracks from the album feature grainy shots of empty cabins and churches with American flags, with lights turned on, ceiling fans running, and crucifixes on wood-panelled walls.

## Promotion and release

Cain announced that her debut album would be called Preacher's Daughter on March 17, 2022, and revealed the release date. Alongside the album's announcement, Cain shared its track listing via social media. She also released the lead single of the album, "Gibson Girl". The following month, "Strangers" and "American Teenager" were released as the second and third single respectively; the latter gained an accompanying video in July. Preacher's Daughter was self-released on May 12, 2022, through Daughters of Cain. It has since gained a cult following online. The album was initially slated to be issued physically for the first time on January 17, 2025, through a vinyl LP format; the release was then delayed and is scheduled for April 4.
To promote the album, Cain hosted album release shows in Los Angeles and New York City, on May 18 and May 25, 2022, respectively. She also performed live on KEXP, and at WNXP's Sonic Cathedral in Nashville, Tennessee. As part of Vevo's DSCVR Artists To Watch 2023 series, the singer recorded live performances for the album tracks "A House in Nebraska" and "Thoroughfare".
In June 2022, Cain confirmed via social media that she would be embarking on her first concert tour across the United States, titled the Freezer Bride Tour. Weeks later, she announced several dates across Europe, in the United Kingdom, Germany, Netherlands, and France. She also embarked on the Blood Stained Blonde Tour in 2023, which marked her Coachella Festival debut. Cain performed at other festivals such as Pitchfork Music Festival, Vivid Sydney, and Reading and Leeds Festivals, and served as a supporting act for Florence and the Machine's Dance Fever Tour, Caroline Polachek's Spiraling Tour, and Boygenius's The Tour.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AnyDecentMusic? | 8.2/10 |
| Metacritic | 82/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Beats Per Minute | |
| Clash | 9/10 |
| Crack | 9/10 |
| DIY | |
| Gigwise | |
| The Guardian | |
| The Line of Best Fit | 9/10 |
| Paste | |
| Pitchfork | 6.4/10 |
| Sputnikmusic | |
Preacher's Daughter received a score of 82 out of 100 based on eight reviews from media aggregate site Metacritic, indicating "universal acclaim". The review aggregator site AnyDecentMusic? gave the album a score of 8.2 out of 10, based on their assessment of the critical consensus from 12 reviews.
Writing for Clash, Oshen Douglas McCormick found that Preacher's Daughter marked "a stark growth of stylistic confidence" following Inbred. The critic also wrote that Cain's musical journey reached "a new height" with Preacher's Daughter, and described it as "a truly realised culmination of style and composition". Cain's voice was praised by Crack's Emma Garland and The Line of Best Fit's Paul Bridgewater. Garland opined that it is "resplendent and seemingly infinite in register", while also commended her songwriting. The Guardian's Rachel Aroesti also praised the album for its lyrical content and "atmospheric potency".
Jessie Atkinson of Gigwise wrote that the album has the potential to have a Carrie-sized cultural impact, comparing its terrifying moments to the 1974 novel by Stephen King and their ages when their works were published. Our Culture Mag's Konstantinos Pappis felt that Preacher's Daughter started to build Cain's legacy, and it managed to reach a wider scope. Sputnikmusic's Jesper L. admired the storytelling and arrangements, and described the album as "an astonishing accomplishment". In a less favorable review, Pitchfork writer Evan Rytlewski marked "Ptolemaea" as a standout, but noted a disconnect between the singer's "provocative public image and the rigid composure of [the] songs". He also criticized the album's length, believing that at times "she sounds like she's writing to run out the clock".

### Rankings

At the end of 2022, Preacher's Daughter was included on several publications' lists of the best albums of the year, being named the best by Crack, The Line of Best Fit, and Sputnikmusic. A standout according to critics, the track "American Teenager" was placed between the best LGBTQ songs of all time by Billboard and Rolling Stone, and was ranked at number 29 on Pitchfork's list of the best songs of the decade so far.
Select year-end rankings of Preacher's Daughter :
| Publication | List | Rank |
| Billboard | Best Albums of 2022 | 46 |
| Clash | Clash Albums Of The Year 2022 | 4 |
| Crack | Best Albums of 2022 | 1 |
| Dazed | The 20 Best Albums of 2022 | 2 |
| The Guardian | The 50 Best Albums of 2022 | 23 |
| The Line of Best Fit | The Best Albums of 2022 Ranked | 1 |
| Paste | The Best Albums of 2022 | 12 |
| The Ringer | The 33 Best Albums of 2022 | 11 |
| Slant Magazine | The 50 Best Albums of 2022 | 20 |
| Sputnikmusic | Staff's Top 50 Albums of 2022: 10 – 1 | 1 |

## Track listing

All tracks written and produced by Ethel Cain, except where noted.

## Release history

Release dates and formats for Preacher's Daughter :
| Region | Date | Format | Label | Ref. |
| Various | May 12, 2022 | Digital downloadstreaming | Daughters of Cain | |
| Various | April 4, 2025 | LP record | Daughters of Cain | |