OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# National Democratic Action (Ecuador)

The National Democratic Action (ADN, Spanish: Acción Democrática Nacional) is a political alliance and movement in Ecuador created to support the candidacy of Daniel Noboa in the 2023 presidential election.

## History

Daniel Noboa announced his presidential candidacy in May 2023 following the Ecuadorian political crisis. He received the support of the People, Equality and Democracy (PID) and MOVER parties, which became members of the ADN. In the following months, Noboa organized this movement, which for a long time did not receive legal status. Noboa's running mate was conservative entrepreneur Verónica Abad Rojas, from Cuenca.
The relation of this political platform with former president Lenín Moreno is noteworthy, as PID was founded and is presided by Arturo Moreno Encalada, cousin of the former politician, and MOVER was the ruling party during much of Moreno administration when it was still PAIS Alliance, with Moreno serving as the president of PAIS when he was president of Ecuador.
In the 2023 presidential election, Noboa took second place in the first round of voting on August 12, before winning the runoff round (and thereby the presidency) on October 15. Valentina Centeno is party leader at the National Assembly.

## Composition

The coalition is composed of the following parties:
| Party | Party | Abbr. | Leader | Ideology | Membership |
| | People, Equality and Democracy Pueblo, Igualdad y Democracia | PID | Arturo Moreno | Big tent | 2023–present |
| | MOVER MOVER | MOVER | René Espín | Neoliberalism | 2023–present |

## Electoral results
### Presidential elections

| Election | Party candidate | Votes | % | Votes | % | Result |
| Election | Party candidate | First round | First round | Second round | Second round | | Result |
| 2023 | Daniel Noboa | 2,315,296 | 23.47% | 5,251,695 | 51.83% | Elected Y |
| 2025 | Daniel Noboa | 4,527,428 | 44.17% | TBD | TBD | TBD |

### National Assembly elections

| Election | Leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– |
| 2023 | Valentina Centeno | 1,219,254 | 14.56 | 11 / 116 | New |
| 2025 | Daniel Noboa | 3,948,392 | 43.34 | 66 / 151 | 55 |
# 1996 Women's Home Nations Championship

The 1996 Women's Home Nations Championship was the first Women's Home Nations Championship, featuring England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales. The first edition of the competition, which has since become an annual women's rugby union competition, was won by England, who achieved the Triple Crown. England also gained the Grand Slam by beating France outside of the championship.

## Final table

| Position | Nation | Games | Games | Games | Games | Points | Points | Points | Table points |
| Position | Nation | Played | Won | Drawn | Lost | For | Against | Difference | Table points |
| 1 | England | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 80 | 19 | +61 | 6 |
| 2= | Scotland | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 35 | 23 | +12 | 2 |
| 2= | Ireland | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 30 | 39 | –9 | 2 |
| 2= | Wales | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 20 | 84 | –64 | 2 |

## Results

* 21 January 1996
| Ireland | 0–21 | Scotland |
* Blackrock
* 4 February 1998
| England | 56–3 | Wales |
* Leicester
* 18 February 1996
| Wales | 11–6 | Scotland |
* Bridgend
* 3 March 1996
| Ireland | 22–6 | Wales |
* Old Belvedere
* 3 March 1996
| Scotland | 8–12 | England |
* Meggetland Sports Complex, Edinburgh
* 17 March 1996
| England | 12–8 | Ireland |
* Sunbury-on-Thames
# Dan Tshanda

Daniel Ndivhiseni Tshanda (28 January 1964 – 1 May 2019), popularly known as Dan Tshanda, was a renowned South African gospel musician, producer, and businessman. He was the founder and leader of the iconic band Splash, which played a significant role in shaping the South African music landscape. Known for his contributions to genres such as mbaqanga, Afropop, and gospel, Tshanda's music transcended borders, earning him international acclaim.

## Early life and career

Dan Tshanda was born in Chiawelo, Soweto, South Africa. Due to financial constraints, he had to leave school at the primary level. To support his family, he worked as a newspaper vendor for a South African newspaper, where his father was employed as a sweeper. Later, he ventured into the taxi industry, working as a driver while pursuing his passion for music.
During this time, Tshanda formed a group called Flying Squad and recorded a demo cassette, which he submitted to Gallo Records. Although their first album, Mr Tony (1985), was not a commercial success, the late Hamilton Nzimande of Gallo Records gave the group a second chance. Renamed Splash, the band gained momentum after being mentored by Ray Phiri of Stimela, who recognized their talent and encouraged their rebranding.

## Personal life and death

Dan Tshanda was married to Silvia Tshanda and he was fluent in Zulu and English. He passed away on May 1, 2019, due to heart failure.

## Discography

* Peacock (1986)
* Snake (1987)
* Money (1988)
* Tshokotshoko (1989)
* Eye for an Eye (1990)
* Nesindande (1991)
* Khoma Khoma (1992)
* 1.5 (1993)
* Why (1994)
* Cellular (1995)
* Ndosala (1996)
* Double Face (1997)
* Crocodile (1998)
* Makhirikhiri (1999)
* Ndivhuwo (2001)
* Sethopha (2003)
# Samsung Galaxy Ring

The Samsung Galaxy Ring is a smart ring developed by Samsung Electronics. It was released on July 10, 2024, alongside the Galaxy Watch 7 and 7 Ultra. It is the first smart ring with biometric health monitoring. The ring launched with a price at $399.99.

## Specifications
### Hardware

The Samsung Galaxy Ring is 7.0mm by 2.6 mm in dimensions and weighs between 2.3 and 3 grams, depending on ring size. The ring has 8 MB of RAM and a battery between 18 and 23.5mAh (depending on ring size) which lasts up to 7 days. The ring is equipped with an accelerometer, PPG and skin temperature sensors. The ring uses BLE 5.4 connectivity. The ring has been IP68 and 10ATM rated. It is compatible with Android phones operated by Android 11 or above and have Samsung Health app installed. The ring comes with three color variations which are Titanium Black, Titanium Silver, Titanium Gold.

## See Also

Oura Ring
# Higashi-Nemuro Station

Higashi-Nemuro Station (東根室駅, Higashi-Nemuro-eki) was a railway station on the Nemuro Main Line of JR Hokkaido located in Nemuro, Hokkaido, Japan. The station opened on September 1, 1961, and closed on March 14, 2025.
Higashi-Nemuro was the easternmost railway station in Japan.

## Abolishment

On March 14, 2025, the station was abolished due to low number of passengers. After the closure of Higashi-Nemuro Station, Nemuro Station once again became the easternmost station, as it had been before the opening of Higashi-Nemuro Station.

## Gallery

* Station platform, August 2011
# 1988 São Tomé and Príncipe coup attempt

The 1988 São Tomé and Príncipe coup d'état attempt was a failed paramilitary operation undertaken by the exile National Resistance Front of São Tomé and Príncipe – Renewal (Portuguese: Frente de Resistência Nacional de São Tomé and Príncipe – Renovada FRNSTP-R) that sought to overthrow the ruling MLSTP government.
Launched on 8 March with the arrival of 44 mostly unarmed personnel on the island of São Tomé via small boats, the attempted coup was quickly suppressed, with three of the pustchists being killed and one policeman wounded. Afonso dos Santos, leader of the FRNSTP-R, who was captured during the attempt, was subsequently tried, convicted and sentenced to 22 years in prison in 1989, along with 38 co-defendants who received terms ranging from two to 21 years. However, following the end of single party rule in 1990, President Pinto da Costa granted an amnesty to those convicted.
The coup attempt has been described as an "amazingly amateurish operation".

## Background

The National Resistance Front of São Tomé and Príncipe (FRNSTP) was formed in 1981 as armed exile movement based in Gabon that sought the overthrow of the MLSTP government. As a result of political liberalisations from the mid-1980s onwards, relations with the government of Gabon improved and the leadership of the FRNSTP abandoned armed struggle.

## Coup attempt

Arriving between 3 am and 4 am at four beaches, the group attacked the main police barracks. They had then planned to attack the Presidential Palace, execute Pinto da Costa and declare dos Santos as president. They had brought posters stating "Down with Pinto da Costa" and "Viva President Afsonso dos Santos" as well as documents proclaiming a new president and a resignation speech for Pinto da Costa.

## Legacy

In December 1990, months after a new constitution permitting multiparty politics was approved, former FRNSTP-R members founded the Christian Democratic Front (FDC) party.
# Acanthemblemaria

Acanthemblemaria is a genus of chaenopsid blennies native to the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

## Etymology

Acanthemblemaria: Greek, akantha = thorn + Greek, emblema, -atos, anything that is nailed, knocked in; also anything with bass or high relief

## Description

Body elongated; head short and blunt; pointed or blunt spines on snout, below eye, sometimes on top of head; 2 rows of very well developed teeth on the roof of the mouth; 1 pair of branched or unbranched cirri over eyes; cirri over nostrils; usually with a notch between the spiny and soft parts of the dorsal fin

## Species

The 21 recognized species in this genus are:
* Acanthemblemaria aspera (Longley, 1927) (roughhead blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria atrata Hastings & D. R. Robertson, 1999 (Cocos barnacle blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria balanorum Brock, 1940 (clubhead blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria betinensis Smith-Vaniz & Palacio, 1974 (speckled blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria castroi J. S. Stephens & Hobson, 1966 (Galapagos barnacle blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria chaplini J. E. Böhlke, 1957 (papillose blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria crockeri Beebe & Tee-Van, 1938 (browncheek blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria exilispinus J. S. Stephens, 1963 (bluntspine blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria greenfieldi Smith-Vaniz & Palacio, 1974 (false papillose blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria hancocki G. S. Myers & Reid, 1936 (Hancock's blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria harpeza J. T. Williams, 2002
* Acanthemblemaria hastingsi H. C. Lin & Galland, 2010 (Cortez barnacle blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria johnsoni Almany & C. C. Baldwin, 1996
* Acanthemblemaria macrospilus Brock, 1940 (barnacle blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria mangognatha Hastings & D. R. Robertson, 1999 (Revillagigedo barnacle blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria maria J. E. Böhlke] 1961 (secretary blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria medusa Smith-Vaniz & Palacio, 1974 (Medusa blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria paula G. D. Johnson & Brothers, 1989 (dwarf spinyhead blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria rivasi J. S. Stephens, 1970 (spotjaw blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria spinosa Metzelaar, 1919 (spinyhead blenny)
* Acanthemblemaria stephensi Rosenblatt & McCosker, 1988 (Malpelo barnacle blenny)

## Behavior and diet

Acanthemblemaria are mostly filter feeding fishes, they inhabit coral reefs, rocky reefs and abandoned worm and mollusc tubes.
They feed mostly on passing benthic crustaceans, zooplankton, benthic worms,
# Party Secretary of Beijing

The secretary of the Beijing Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party is the leader of the Beijing Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). As the CCP is the sole ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC), the secretary is the highest ranking post in Beijing.
The secretary is officially appointed by the CCP Central Committee based on the recommendation of the CCP Organization Department, which is then approved by the Politburo and its Standing Committee. The secretary can be also appointed by a plenary meeting of the Beijing Municipal Committee, but the candidate must be the same as the one approved by the central government. The secretary leads the Standing Committee of the Beijing Municipal Committee, and since at least 2007, the secretary has consistently been a member of the CCP Politburo. The secretary leads the work of the Municipal Committee and its Standing Committee. The secretary is outranks the mayor, who is generally the deputy secretary of the committee.
The current secretary is Yin Li, a member of the CCP Politburo, who took office on 13 November 2022.

## List of party secretaries

| No. | Name | Term start | Term end |
| 1 | Peng Zhen (彭真) (1902–1997) | 13 December 1948 | May 1966 |
| 2 | Li Xuefeng (李雪峰) (1907–2003) | May 1966 | January 1967 |
| 3 | Xie Fuzhi (谢富治) (1909–1972) | January 1967 | 26 March 1972 |
| 4 | Wu De (吴德) (1913–1995) | April 1972 | October 1978 |
| 5 | Lin Hujia (林乎加) (1916–2018) | October 1978 | January 1981 |
| 6 | Duan Junyi (段君毅) (1910–2004) | January 1981 | August 1984 |
| 7 | Li Ximing (李锡铭) (1926–2008) | August 1984 | December 1992 |
| 8 | Chen Xitong (陈希同) (1930–2013) | December 1992 | April 1995 |
| 9 | Wei Jianxing (尉健行) (1931–2015) | April 1995 | 25 August 1997 |
| 10 | Jia Qinglin (贾庆林) (born 1940) | 25 August 1997 | 22 October 2002 |
| 11 | Liu Qi (刘淇) (born 1942) | 22 October 2002 | 3 July 2012 |
| 12 | Guo Jinlong (郭金龙) (born 1947) | 3 July 2012 | 27 May 2017 |
| 13 | Cai Qi (蔡奇) (born 1955) | 27 May 2017 | 13 November 2022 |
| 14 | Yin Li (尹力) (born 1962) | 13 November 2022 | Incumbent |
# Colombia at the 1972 Summer Olympics

Colombia competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. 59 competitors, 55 men and 4 women, took part in 39 events in 8 sports.
Colombia claimed its first-ever Olympic medals, with one silver in Shooting and two bronzes in Boxing.

## Medalists
### Silver

* Helmut Bellingrodt – Shooting, Men's Running Game Target

### Bronze

* Clemente Rojas – Boxing, Men's Featherweight
* Alfonso Pérez – Boxing, Men's Lightweight

## Boxing

Men's Light Flyweight (– 48 kg)
* Prudencio Cardona
** First Round – Lost to Rafael Carbonell (CUB), 0:5
Men's Flyweight (– 51 kg)
* Calixto Pérez
** First Round – Bye
** Second Round – Defeated Martin Vargas (CHL), 5:0
** Third Round – Defeated Tim Dement (USA), 5:0
** Quarterfinals – Lost to Georgi Kostadinov (BUL), 2:3
Men's Light Middleweight (– 71 kg)
* Bonifacio Avila
** First Round – Bye
** Second Round – Lost to Dieter Kottysch (FRG), TKO-2

## Cycling

Ten cyclists represented Colombia in 1972.

### Individual road race

* Miguel Samacá – 9th place
* Fernando Cruz – 26th place
* Juan Morales – 66th place
* Fabio Acevedo – did not finish (→ no ranking)

### Team time trial

* Fabio Acevedo
* Fernando Cruz
* Henry Cuevas
* Miguel Samacá

### Sprint

* Jairo Díaz
* Carlos Galeano

### 1000m time trial

* Jairo Rodríguez
** Final – 1:10.86 (→ 23rd place)

### Tandem

* Jairo Díaz and Rafael Narváez → 14th place

### Individual pursuit

* Luis Díaz

## Diving

Men's 3m Springboard
* Salim Barjum – 310.86 points (→ 26th place)
Men's 10m Platform
* Diego Henao – 264.27 points (→ 26th place)

## Football
### Men's Team Competition

* Preliminary Round (Group D)
** Lost to Poland (1–5)
** Lost to East Germany (1–6)
** Defeated Ghana (3–1) → did not advance, 10th place over-all
* Team Roster
** Armando Acosta
** Henry Caicedo
** Álvaro Calle
** Ernesto Díaz
** Fabio Espinosa
** Domingo González
** Dumas Guette
** Carlos Lugo
** Gerardo Moncada
** Luis Montano
** Jaime Morón
** Willington Ortiz
** Silvio Quintero
** Vicente Revellón
** Rafael Reyes
** Antonio Rivas
** Orlando Rivas
** Álvaro Santamaría
** Ángel Torres

## Shooting

Ten male shooters represented Colombia in 1972.

### 25 m pistol

* Luis Colina
* Guillermo Martínez

### 50 m pistol

* Gilberto Fernández
* Jorge Henao

### 50 m rifle, three positions

* Jaime Callejas
* Alfonso Rodríguez

### 50 m rifle, prone

* Alfonso Rodríguez
* Jaime Callejas

### 50 m running target

* Helmut Bellingrodt
* Hanspeter Bellingrodt

### Skeet

* Gerardo González
* Manuel González
# Omar Elba

Omar Elba (born August 15, 1983) is an Egyptian Physical therapist, best known for co-starring alongside Tom Hanks in the movie A Hologram for the King. He also had a recurring role as Mark Green opposite Jessica Biel in the Limetown television series.
In the A24/Netflix series, Mo, Elba plays Sameer, an autistic character who has trouble fitting in. In preparation for the role, he worked meticulously with a behavioral therapist studying specific autistic patients at great length. His nuanced portrayal of autism received rave reviews, most notably from the autism community itself.
Elba also starred, wrote and directed Tim, a Freudian short film about the Ego, Id and Superego. In preparation for the 2 main roles, he transformed his body twice by gaining 20 pounds of fat to play Tim and then losing the weight and gaining 10 pounds of muscle to play Tim's Ego. For the physical transformation between both characters to take place, the two performances, Tim and Tim's Ego, were shot one year apart, respectively. In the film, both characters, Tim (an overweight, balding codependent) and Tim's Ego (his better looking, more assertive counterpart), are seen interacting onscreen simultaneously.
# Nirmala Sawant

Nirmala Sawant is an Indian politician and environmental activist from Goa. She has served as a member of the Goa Legislative Assembly from Cumbarjua Assembly constituency and has been actively involved in various social and environmental causes.

## Political career

Sawant represented the Cumbarjua Assembly constituency as a Member of the Goa Legislative Assembly. During her tenure, she addressed issues pertinent to her constituency and the state. In 2012, she raised concerns about the inclusion of approximately 1,500 alleged bogus voters in the electoral roll of Cumbarjua, emphasizing the potential impact on election outcomes. She was the Minister of Forests.

## Environmentalism

As a founding member and convenor of the Mhadei Bachao Abhiyan (MBA), Sawant has been at the forefront of efforts to protect the Mhadei River. She has consistently urged the Goa government to take decisive action against the diversion of the river's waters, highlighting the potential adverse effects on Goa's environment and water resources. In January 2025, she urged the state government to request an exclusive date for the Mhadei water dispute hearing in the Supreme Court, emphasizing the urgency of the matter.

## Educational pursuits

During the COVID-19 pandemic, Sawant utilized the period to further her education by obtaining a diploma in Sanskrit. She mentioned that while activities were halted during the pandemic, she dedicated her time to learning the language.
# Sulaiman Zakaria

Sulaiman Zakaria (8 September 1950 – 4 January 2025), also known as Ayah Leman, was an Indonesian politician.

## Early life and education

Zakaria was born on 8 September 1950 in Bengkalis, Central Sumatra, as the child and son of Sulung Zakaria and Umi Kalsum. He earned his diploma, bachelor, and master's degree in Pekanbaru in 1970 and 1975, respectively, and earned his Ph.D in Malaysia in 2011.

## Personal life
### Marriages, family, and relationship

Zakaria was married to Wagiarsih and has had a son, Bayu, and a daughter, Inggriani Ningrum.

### Illness and death

On 29 September 2018, Zakaria was hospitalized in Pekanbaru. He died at RSUD Bengkalis in Kelapapati, Bengkalis, on 4 January 2025 at 22:10 PM at the age of 74. He was buried at Masjid Jamik Cemetery on 6 January.

## Career

Zakaria started his career as an employee at the Department of Social Affairs of Riau Province in 1977 and served as head of social services in Bengkalis Regency. He then served as a secretary of Golkar in Bengkalis in 1980 and served as a regional secretary of Bengkalis Regency from 2003 until 2010. Zakaria then became a chairman of Democratic party in Bengkalis from 2012 until 2018 and served as a member of the House of Representatives in Bengkalis from 2014 until 2019.
In 2015, Zakaria participated in the Bengkalis Regent contest against Amril Mukminin and Herliyan Saleh.
# Tomb of the Eagles

The Tomb of the Eagles, or Isbister Chambered Cairn, is a Neolithic chambered tomb located on a cliff edge at Isbister on South Ronaldsay in Orkney, Scotland. The site was discovered by Ronald Simison, a farmer, when digging flagstones in 1958; he conducted a limited excavation and removed some bones and skulls at that time but filled in the site with dirt. A more extensive excavation was started in 1976, and "an enormous amount of material was removed", according to a report published in 2002.
Alerted by Simison, archaeologist John Hedges mounted a full study, prepared a technical report and wrote a popular book that cemented the tomb's name. The Archaeological Journal review of the Hedges book (Tomb of the eagles a window on Stone Age tribal Britain) provided a less than stellar rating: "reasonably well done", "but how very much better it might have been".

## The findings

At the site, 16,000 human bones have been found, from at least 324 individuals, but no intact skeletons. Mixed with the human bones were talons and bones from eight to 20 birds. Some believed that the eagle was a totem animal for the individuals entombed here, but subsequent research indicated that the bird artifacts were added at a later time. These were identified as predominantly belonging to the white-tailed sea eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla). The original interpretation of the bird artifacts suggested a foundation deposit. That interpretation was subsequently challenged by new dating techniques. These reveal that the eagles died c. 2450-2050 BC, up to 1,000 years after the building of the tomb. This confirms growing evidence from other sites that the Neolithic tombs of Orkney remained in use for many generations.
According to a well-documented research report, the builders of the tomb were capable of "sophisticated architectural design" and had "advanced engineering skills and an understanding of astronomy and mathematics"; the labourers had "exceptional talent, especially since it is assumed that only primitive tools were available". Radiocarbon dating suggests that the construction may have taken a full century. Archeologists believe that the tomb "was used regularly for 800 years, with the last burial around 1600 BC". Expert analysis of the bones indicates that "these people experienced energetic lives of health, but also encountered many of the injuries and diseases that afflict contemporary society". A later expert examination of the 85 skulls, however, indicated that at least 20% had sustained some type of violent injury, possibly from "wooden clubs and stone axes".
Access the tomb is via a low tunnel 3 metres (9.8 ft) long. Visitors used to be able to lie flat on a wheeled trolley, and then stand up in the interior of the tomb. Due to regulations and restrictions imposed during the COVID-19 Pandemic, the tomb closed in 2020 and the decision was later made for it to close permanently. It is no longer open to the public.

## In popular media

In January 2017 the tomb was featured in the BBC Two archaeology series Britain's Ancient Capital: Secrets of Orkney.