OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vernon Hamersley

Vernon Hamersley (1871–1946) was an Australian politician. He served the longest term ever as a Member of the Western Australian Legislative Council.

## Biography
### Early life

Vernon Hamersley was born in Guildford, Western Australia. The son of Samuel Hamersley, he was a member of the prominent and well-connected Hamersley family. His grandfather was Edward Hamersley (Snr); among his uncles was Edward Hamersley (Jnr) and Maitland Brown; and he was related by blood or marriage to many prominent Western Australians including John Forrest and William Locke Brockman.
He was educated at Guildford Grammar School, before continuing his studies in England at the Magdalen College School at Oxford, and the Downton Agricultural College at Salisbury.

### Career

He returned to Western Australia in 1889, spending some time on the Eastern goldfields, before farming with his father at York until 1895. On the death of his grandfather in 1874, he inherited the station Hasely in Toodyay, which he developed as a farm and stud. He also became a part owner of Mount Barnett cattle station in the Kimberley. In 1895, he married Clara Hicks.
He first became active in public life in 1899, becoming a member of the Toodyay Road Board. He would later become its chairman before retiring his membership in 1906. In 1900 he became a Justice of the Peace, and the following year he unsuccessfully contested the Legislative Assembly seat of Toodyay as an independent.
On 5 August 1904, he won the Legislative Council seat of East Province in a by-election following the death of Edward Keane. He would be returned to the seat in the next six elections, holding the seat until his death. He joined the Liberal Party in 1911.
He won the May 1916 election by a single vote. Upon a recount, both Hamersley and his opponent, Michael McCabe of the Country Party, had attained 1,651 votes each, and Hamersley was elected on the casting vote of the Returning Officer. McCabe then petitioned the Court of Disputed Returns against Hamersley's election, with the result that the election was declared null and void. Hamersley appealed to the full court, but the appeal was dismissed. A by-election was subsequently held on 2 September 1916, with Hamersley winning re-election on a significantly higher turnout.
After 1920, he held his seat for the Country Party, and from April 1921 he was Father of the House.

### Death

He died in West Perth on 24 October 1946. His term of 42 years, 2 months and 19 days remains the longest ever term as a member of the Western Australian Legislative Council.
# Double Island, Hong Kong

Double Island or Wong Wan Chau (Chinese: 往灣洲) is an island located in the north-eastern part of Hong Kong. Administratively, it is part of North District.

## Geography

Double Island has an area of 2.13 km². It is the second largest island in North District, the largest being Crooked Island. Its highest point is at 139 m. Its western coast is facing Double Haven.
Wong Wan (往灣) is a bay of Double Island. It is one of the 26 designated marine fish culture zones in Hong Kong.

## Conservation

Double Island became part of the Plover Cove (Extension) Country Park in 1979.

## Facilities

* Outward Bound Hong Kong Adventure Base

## History
### Typhoon of 1858

It is wrongly suggested that it was the Double Island in Hong Kong's Double Haven (Yan Chau Tong, 印洲塘) where the September Typhoon of 1858 destroyed several well-known opium clippers, including the Anonyma, Gazelle, Pantaloon, and Mazeppa. Basil Lubbock's The Opium Clippers, cited in the original entry, is quite clear (p.347) that the Double Island in question was that at what was then called Swatow (today Shantou). The island is one of two that lie in the entrance to the river at Shantou and is the inner one, then called Masu. Today it is called Mayu (媽嶼島). For corroboration see Mayers & Dennys, for the identity of Double Island. For the typhoon and the damage to the vessels, The Courier (Hobart, Tasmania), 22 December 1858, p.3 for a report of Mr Midwood, of the Commissariat service, resident on Double Island during the typhoon.
# Illegal mining in Peru

Illegal mining or illegal mineral extraction is a common economic activity in Peru, which consists of the exploitation of metallic minerals (such as gold) and non-metallic minerals (clay, marble, among others) to finance criminal organizations. Illegal mining rose to prominence in the late 1970s with the emergence of informality in that sector. It is characterized by having no social and environmental control or regulation, which is shared by the artisanal sector in the country.
Those who promote and carry out illegal mining, have means and forms of organization, which act outside the control mechanisms of the Peruvian state and systematically evade relevant legal norms. Illegal mining operations are located mainly in the departments of Madre de Dios, Puno and La Libertad. In the case of the Amazon rainforest, 17 protected natural areas were compromised by it.
Peru is one of various countries in the region, such as Brazil, Colombia and Ecuador that have significant problems with illegal mining.
In the 2000s in the Amazonian department of Madre de Dios the illegal exploitation of gold dramatically increased the recruitment and coercion of adolescents into prostitution through false employment offers.
# Kowloon Rock

Kowloon Rock (Chinese: 九龍石) is an island in the middle of Kowloon Bay in Hong Kong, near the runway of the former Kai Tak Airport. Administratively, it is part of Kowloon City District.
The island is three metres by two. The rock has no vegetation, as it is a rock. An isolated danger daymark is installed to alert passing vessels.
The island is now sheltered in the To Kwa Wan typhoon shelter by a dyke across the bay.
# Perfumito Nuevo

"Perfumito Nuevo" (stylized as "PERFuMITO NUEVO"; transl. "New Perfume") is a song by Puerto Rican rapper Bad Bunny featuring RaiNao. It was released on January 5, 2025, through Rimas Entertainment, as part of Bad Bunny's sixth solo studio album Debí Tirar Más Fotos.

## Background and release

On January 3, 2025, when Bad Bunny revealed the tracklist and collaborations for Debí Tirar Más Fotos, is where the song "Perfumito Nuevo" featuring RaiNao was revealed as the fourth track.

## Music and lyrics

Musically, "Perfumito Nuevo" is a reggaeton song. Lirically, "Perfumito Nuevo" celebrates seduction and desire in an atmosphere of mystery and novelty. The lyrics speak of the search for something new and exciting, symbolized by the 'new perfume' which represents both the literal scent and the attraction of a new connection.

## Visualizer

A visualizer was uploaded along with the rest of the album's songs simultaneously on January 5, 2025. The visualizer for "Perfumito Nuevo" tells us about the invasion from 1898 to 1917.

## Charts

Chart performance for "Perfumito Nuevo" :
| Chart (2025) | Peak position |
| Argentina (Argentina Hot 100) | 29 |
| Bolivia (Billboard) | 11 |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 85 |
| Chile (Billboard) | 10 |
| Colombia (Billboard) | 12 |
| Costa Rica (FONOTICA) | 8 |
| Ecuador (Billboard) | 9 |
| France (SNEP) | 87 |
| Global 200 (Billboard) | 14 |
| Greece International (IFPI) | 82 |
| Italy (FIMI) | 67 |
| Mexico (Billboard) | 18 |
| Peru (Billboard) | 10 |
| Portugal (AFP) | 19 |
| Spain (PROMUSICAE) | 6 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 31 |
| US Hot Latin Songs (Billboard) | 7 |

## Certifications

Certifications and sales for "Perfumito Nuevo" :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Spain (PROMUSICAE) | Platinum | 60,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Orhan Doğan

Orhan Doğan (25 July 1955 – 29 June 2007) was a Kurdish human rights lawyer and politician of the Democratic Society Party.

## Education and professional career

In 1974 he went to the University of Ankara to study law and began working as an accountant at the Ankara Altındağ Primary Education Directorate. After graduating he took up an internship with Ismail Mungan. father of Murathan Mungan. Later he settled to Cizre where he worked as a lawyer and during his term as the head of the Turkish Human Rights Association in the Sirnak province he was a defender of Kurdish rights. As a lawyer, he successfully represented the ones who were forced to eat feces by the Turkish authorities in Yeşilyurt before the European Court of Human Rights.

## Political career

He contributed to the Kurdish Report of the Social Democrat Populist Party (SHP) and later resigned from the party in 1989 in protest against the dismissal of seven Kurdish deputies for attending a Kurdish Identity and Human Rights Conference in Paris.
In 1991 he was elected to the Turkish Parliament, later joining the Democracy Party (DEP). He was in Cizre during the Newroz celebrations of 1992 when many attendants were massacred by the Turkish authorities. In 1994, his parliamentary immunity was lifted and Doğan was arrested on the 17 March. On the 8 December 1994 he was convicted, together with other DEP deputies Leyla Zana, Hatip Dicle and Selim Sadak, of membership in an organization (Kurdistan Workers' Party, PKK) and sentenced to 15 years in prison. He was included as one of the prisoners of conscience of the Amnesty intentional. On the 17 July 2001, the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg said the trial against Doğan was unfair. On the 22 April 2004 the European Parliament issued a resolution hoping that the court of appeals quashes the sentence given to Doğan and others and that an amnesty will be declared to all imprisoned because of their political views.
Upon his release in 2004 he helped to found the Democratic Society Party (DTP).

### Death

He died in 2007 following a heart attack he suffered, while giving a speech at a festival in Doğubeyazıt. To his funeral ceremony attended crowds of mourners, supporters of the PKK and an emissary from the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK). He was buried in the cemetery in Cizre.

## Personal life

Orhan Doğan was the father of five children. One is the journalist and politician Aysegul Dogan.
# George Petherbridge

George Ernest Petherbridge (19 May 1927 – 4 March 2013) was a professional footballer, who played for Bristol Rovers for seventeen years, between 1945 and 1962.

## Early life

Petherbridge was born in Devonport, Devon in 1927 and was the only child of parents Frederick Petherbridge and Violet Trout. The family relocated to Bristol when George was young, and he was brought up in the city.

## Football career

Petherbridge joined Bristol Rovers in 1945, and spent his entire professional career with the club, eventually leaving seventeen years later in 1962. He played as a winger and made 457 appearances in the Football League, and 496 in all competitions, scoring 85 league and seven cup goals.
Joining the club in time for the resumption of League football after play had been suspended during World War II, Petherbridge achieved the impressive feat of scoring at least one goal in each of the sixteen seasons immediately after the war. He is one of only three men to have played for Rovers for more than fifteen years, and is the fifth most capped player for the club, behind Stuart Taylor, Harry Bamford, Jack Pitt, and Geoff Bradford. His 85 goals in the Football League make him The Pirates' 9th-highest goalscorer.
After ending his professional career with Rovers, he dropped out of the Football League to join Salisbury in 1962 and in 1963 had a short spell with Cornish side Falmouth Town in the South Western League.
On 9 April 2021, Petherbridge became the seventh player to be inducted into the Bristol Rovers Hall of Fame.

## Family life

Petherbridge married Rita Walker in 1950, and the couple had three children and eleven grandchildren.
Following his retirement from football he worked as a publican, running The Angel in Sherston, and later The Tamar in Cornwall. He also worked as a PE teacher and groundsman at Millfield School and Wells Cathedral School respectively.
Petherbridge Way in Bristol is named after Petherbridge. The road lies midway between Bristol Rovers' former home at Eastville Stadium and their current ground, the Memorial Stadium.
He died on 4 March 2013, at the age of 85.
# Lung Kwu Chau

Lung Kwu Chau (Chinese: 龍鼓洲; lit. 'Dragon Drum Island'; also previously transliterated as Tung Koo, Tung Koo, Toon Oo or Toon-quoo) is an island at the northwest water of Hong Kong. It is off the shore of Lung Kwu Tan near Tuen Mun in the mainland New Territories, separated by the Urmston Road waterway.
The island is formed of Hong Kong granite and is unoccupied.

## History

The earliest cultural remains of the Lung Kwu Chau Archaeological Site can be dated to the middle phase of the Neolithic period (c. 4000-2000 BC), representing the beginning of cultural history in the Hong Kong area.
Lung Kwu Chau is clearly marked in O Livro de Francisco Rodrigues, written in 1514.

## Conservation

Since 1996, the island, together with Sha Chau and Pak Chau are within the boundaries of the Sha Chau and Lung Kwu Chau Marine Park. The three island have been listed as a Site of Special Scientific Interest since 1979. It is known as a dolphin sanctuary due to being the habitat for the Chinese white dolphin.
# Francisco station

Francisco is an 'L' station on the CTA's Brown Line. It is an at-grade station with a single island platform, located in Chicago's Ravenswood Manor neighborhood at 4649 North Francisco Avenue. The adjacent stations are Kedzie, which is about 0.3 miles (480 m) to the west, and Rockwell, located across the Chicago River about 0.4 miles (640 m) to the east.

## History

Francisco Station opened on December 14, 1907, as part of Northwestern Elevated Railroad's Ravenswood line. It had survived relatively intact until September 2006, when the station closed for renovation.

### Brown Line Capacity Expansion Project

The Brown Line Capacity Expansion Project upgraded all Brown Line stations to be accessible to passengers with disabilities and extended platforms to allow eight car trains. Because of the historic nature of the station structures, Francisco Station was not completely rebuilt, as with the neighboring Kedzie and Rockwell stations. However, the platforms were rebuilt, an auxiliary entrance added on Sacramento Avenue, and the station house and canopy were renovated and upgraded. The station closed from September 15, 2006, to March 9, 2007, to allow this work to be completed.

## Gallery

* Francisco station in March 2006, prior to renovation
* Newly rebuilt Francisco station, August 2007
# Murillo (footballer)

Murillo Santiago Costa dos Santos (born 4 July 2002), simply known as Murillo, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Premier League club Nottingham Forest.

## Early life

Born in São Paulo, Murillo lost his father, a lifelong supporter of Corinthians and the person who led him into playing futsal, at the age of 10. He began his career with São Caetano in 2013, and subsequently played for ECUS and São Bernardo.

## Career
### Corinthians

Murillo joined Corinthians' youth setup in 2019, from União Barbarense. On 16 January 2023, after playing for the under-20 side in the year's Copa São Paulo de Futebol Júnior, he was promoted to the first team.
On 10 February 2023, Murillo renewed his contract until the end of 2025. He made his first team debut on 26 April, coming on as a second-half substitute for Bruno Méndez in a 2–0 home win over Remo, for the year's Copa do Brasil.
Murillo made his Série A debut on 29 April 2023, starting in a 2–1 away loss against rivals Palmeiras. He quickly became a regular starter under head coach Vanderlei Luxemburgo during the season, attracting interest of several European clubs, such as Napoli, Manchester City and West Ham United.

### Nottingham Forest

On 31 August 2023, Murillo signed with Premier League side Nottingham Forest on a five-year deal for an undisclosed fee. His fee was reported as €12 million with an additional €3 million in potential add-ons. Murillo made his debut against Brentford on 1 October 2023, five weeks after his arrival. Since then, he has been a key player for the club, being named as Forest's 2023–24 player of the season in recognition of his performances.
On 10 November 2024, he scored his first goal for the club in a 3–1 home defeat against Newcastle United. On 21 January 2025, Murillo signed an extension to his existing contract at Forest, which would keep him at the club until June 2029.

## International career

Murillo received his first call-up to the Brazil national team on 1 November 2024 for the 2026 World Cup qualifying matches against Venezuela and Uruguay, although he was an unused substitute for both matches.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 15 March 2025
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National cup | National cup | League cup | League cup | Continental | Continental | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Corinthians | 2023 | Série A | 13 | 0 | 7 | 0 | — | — | 7 | 0 | 27 | 0 |
| Nottingham Forest | 2023–24 | Premier League | 32 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 36 | 0 |
| Nottingham Forest | 2024–25 | Premier League | 28 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 29 | 1 |
| Nottingham Forest | Total | Total | 60 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 65 | 1 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 73 | 1 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 92 | 1 |
* ↑ Includes Copa do Brasil, FA Cup
* ↑ Four appearances in Copa Libertadores, three appearances in Copa Sudamericana

## Honours

Individual
* Nottingham Forest Player of the Season: 2023–24
# Zinn Beck

Zinn Bertram Beck (September 30, 1885 – March 19, 1981) was an American professional baseball player and manager. A third baseman, shortstop and first baseman, Beck played in Major League Baseball for the St. Louis Cardinals and New York Yankees. He became a minor league manager and scout.

## Playing career

Beck played for the St. Louis Cardinals from 1913 to 1916, and the New York Yankees in 1918. In 290 career MLB games, he had a .226 batting average with 204 hits in 902 at-bats. He batted and threw right-handed. In 1919, Beck played for the Vernon Tigers, who won the Pacific Coast League championship.

## Minor League managerial career

From 1920 to 1922 Beck managed the Columbia Comers in Columbia, South Carolina, winning the South Atlantic League pennant the first two years. From 1923 to 1925 Beck managed the Greenville Spinners in Greenville, South Carolina also in the South Atlantic League. In 1927 he managed the Portsmouth Truckers in Portsmouth, Virginia, winning the Virginia League pennant, and in 1928 managed the Norfolk Tars in Norfolk, Virginia until the Virginia League disbanded in June. He managed the Selma Cloverleafs in Selma, Alabama for the last part of the 1928 season, returning for full seasons in 1929 and 1930, winning the Southeastern League pennant that year. In 1934 he managed the Washington Senators farm team the Chattanooga Lookouts before being replaced by Mule Shirley.

## Later life

Zinn Beck Field at Sanford Memorial Stadium in Sanford, Florida is named in his honor. In 1978, he was presented with the King of Baseball award given by Minor League Baseball. Beck died in West Palm Beach, Florida.
# Dianne Cohler-Esses

Dianne Cohler-Esses, who grew up in Brooklyn,New York, is the first Syrian-Jewish woman to become a rabbi. She was ordained by the Jewish Theological Seminary in 1995. She has since worked as an administrator and educator for many institutions including the National Jewish Center for Learning and Leadership, the Bronfman youth fellowships, the Curriculum Initiative, and the UJA Federation. In 2012, the Jewish community organization Romemu chose her as its new education director.
She is married to Larry Cohler-Esses, with whom she has three children: Ayelet, Elichai, and Shira. She lives in New York City on the Upper West Side.
The 2022 art exhibit “Holy Sparks”, shown among other places at the Dr. Bernard Heller Museum, featured art about twenty-four female rabbis who were firsts in some way; Siona Benjamin created the artwork about Cohler-Esses that was in that exhibit.
# Wendi Nix

Wendi Nix (born September 17, 1974) was an American anchor and sports reporter.

## Professional

Nix is the former co-host of ESPN's number one program, NFL Live. Nix primarily handled coverage for NFL and college football games featuring teams from the New England area. Prior to working for ESPN, Nix was a weekend sports anchor at WHDH in Boston (2003–2006) and previously reported for Fox Sports Net, NESN and WPDE in South Carolina. Nix remains an occasional guest analyst on the weekend show Sports Extra on WHDH.

## Personal

Nix was born in Murrells Inlet, South Carolina. She is a 1992 graduate of Socastee High School, where she was a cheerleader, a three-time homecoming queen, and a member of the track team. She has received degrees from Union County College in Cranford, New Jersey, the University of Massachusetts Amherst, and Wofford College in Spartanburg, South Carolina. At Wofford, Nix was president of the student body and captain of the golf team; she is a proud fan and supporter of the Terriers. She babysat future Las Vegas Raiders wide receiver Hunter Renfrow.
Nix's marriage to Pittsburgh Pirates general manager Ben Cherington, whom she met at UMass, ended in 2010; they share two daughters. She has been married to Joseph Ritchie since December 10, 2011.
# Gadabuursi (clan)

Gadabuursi
# Charles Leaf

Charles Symonds Leaf, FSA (13 November 1895 – 19 February 1947) was a British sailor who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics. He contributed to the design and build of the Merlin Rocket sailing dinghy.

## Biography

Leaf was educated at Harrow School, an all-boys independent boarding school, and at Trinity College, Cambridge.
Leaf was an amateur archaeologist. On 11 January 1934, he was elected a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries (FSA). He donated the majority of his archaeological finds to the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge.
In 1936 he was a crew member of the British boat Lalage which won the gold medal in the 6 metre class.
On 22 August 1917, Leaf married Catherine Blanche Kay-Shuttleworth, daughter of Ughtred Kay-Shuttleworth, 1st Baron Shuttleworth. They had two children. Their daughter Freydis Sharland went on to be an Air Transport Auxiliary pilot during the Second World War and one of the first women to qualify for RAF wings.

### Military service

Leaf served in the British Army during the First World War. On 18 October 1914, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 5th (Territorial Force) Battalion, Buffs (East Kent Regiment). He was promoted to temporary lieutenant on 22 January 1916. He was seconded to the Machine Gun Corps (MGC) on 3 April 1917. He was promoted to substantive lieutenant on 12 May 1917 with seniority in that rank from 1 June 1916. He ceased to be employed by the MGC on 30 December 1918, and rejoined his regiment the same day.
He served in the Royal Marines during the Second World War. He was commissioned in the Royal Marines as a probationary temporary lieutenant on 21 June 1943. His commission was confirmed on 21 December 1943 and he became a temporary lieutenant. His commission was terminated on 27 July 1945.