OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Balaram Adhikari

Balaram Adhikari is a Nepalese politician, belonging to the CPN (UML) currently serving as a member of the 2nd Federal Parliament of Nepal. In the 2022 Nepalese general election, he won the election from Kapilvastu 1 (constituency).
He currently serve as Minister of Land Management, Cooperatives and Poverty Alleviation starting on 6th March 2024.
# María Jesús Rubiera Mata

María Jesús Rubiera Mata (1942, in Madrid – 7 June 2009, in Alicante) was a Spanish historian specialising in the history of Islamic Spain. She started teaching at the University Complutense in 1966. She moved to the University of Alicante in 1982, and in 1985 she became the Chair of Arab and Islamic Studies there. She was married to Mikel de Epalza who was also a historian of Islamic Spain at the same university. They both founded the journal Sharq al-Andalus dealing with Islamic and Arabic History in the West, especially the Iberian Peninsula. She died on 7 June 2009 due to a chronic disease.
# Urraca

Urraca (also spelled Hurraca, Urracha and Hurracka in medieval Latin) is a female first name. In Spanish, the name means magpie, derived perhaps from Latin furax, meaning "thievish", in reference to the magpie's tendency to collect shiny items. The name may be of Basque origin, as suggested by onomastic analysis.
* Urraca (9th century), purported wife of García Íñiguez of Pamplona
* Urraca bint Qasi (fl. 917–929), wife of Fruela II of León
* Urraca Sánchez of Pamplona (10th century), wife of Ramiro II of León
* Urraca Fróilaz (fl. 969–978), wife of Aznar Purcelliz
* Urraca Garcés (died before 1008), wife of Fernán González of Castile and William II Sánchez of Gascony
* Urraca Fernández (died 1005/7), wife of Ordoño III of León, Ordoño IV of León and of Sancho II of Pamplona
* Urraca of Covarrubias (died 1038), abbess and daughter of García Fernández of Castile
* Urraca, apparently Gómez (died 1039), wife of Sancho García of Castile
* Urraca Sánchez (died 1041), wife of Sancho VI William of Gascony
* Urraca Sánchez (11th century), wife of Alfonso V of León
* Urraca of Zamora (1033/4–1101), daughter of King Ferdinand I of León.
* Urraca of León and Castile (Urraca the Reckless) (1082–1129), Queen of León and Castile, daughter of Alfonso VI, wife of Alfonso I of Aragon, mother of Alfonso VII
* Urraca Henriques (1097-1173) - Infanta of Portugal and sister of Afonso Henriques
* Urraca of Castile, Queen of Navarre (Urraca the Asturian) (1132–1164), daughter of Alfonso VII of León and Castile, and queen consort of García Ramírez of Navarre
* Urraca of Portugal (1151–1188), daughter of Alfonso I of Portugal and wife of King Ferdinand II of León
* Urraca of Castile, Queen of Portugal (1186/1187–1220), daughter of Alfonso VIII of Castile and Leonor of England
* Princess Urraca of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (1913–1999), daughter of Prince Ferdinand Pius, Duke of Calabria (1869–1960) and his wife Princess Maria Ludwiga Theresia of Bavaria (1872–1954)
# Angola Ferry

The Angola Ferry was a small and little-known ferry service that crossed the Mississippi River connecting Lettsworth, Louisiana with the Louisiana State Penitentiary, otherwise known as the Angola Prison. It was considered difficult to access, requiring drivers to branch off the Louisiana Highway 418 on an unmarked gravel road and traveling several hundred yards thereafter. A good portion of the area's population was unaware of its existence because it serves mainly prison personnel traveling to and from work.
The ferry was featured prominently in the 2001 film Monster's Ball.
Until 1940, a railroad car float crossed the river nearby, operated first by the Angola Transfer Company and then by the Louisiana and Arkansas Railway.
As of 2016, the Angola Ferry was not operational.
# Charles Alan Fyffe

Charles Alan Fyffe (1845–1892) was an English historian, who was also well known as a journalist and a political candidate.

## Life

He was the son of Lawrence Hay Fyffe, M.D. of Blackheath, by Mary Prudence, daughter of John Ord, born at Lee Park, Blackheath, on 3 December 1845. He was educated at Christ's Hospital, and obtained an open exhibition at Balliol College, Oxford, 1864. He graduated B.A. in 1868 and M.A. in 1870.
In 1871, Fyffe was elected a fellow of University College, and for many years acted as the bursar. He acted as correspondent to the Daily News during the first part of the Franco-Prussian War, and was in Paris during the commune, where he was taken for a spy.
Fyffe entered Lincoln's Inn on 10 June 1873. He later transferred to the Inner Temple (26 May 1876), where he was called to the bar on 10 May 1877. He joined the south-west circuit, but never practiced.

## Politics

Fyffe had strong Liberal views, and was president of the Oxford Union in 1867. In 1870, in Macmillan's Magazine, he wrote that "Liberalism has become co-extensive with intelligence". His activism was influenced by T. H. Green.
Fyffe held views as a land law reformer and was one of the founders of the free land league. His views on land reform were broadly supported by Sir Charles Dilke; they were more in line with the ideas of Henry George than those of Henry Hyndman, or the land nationalisation of Alfred Russel Wallace. His evidence for the Report on Small Holdings of 1888–90 was that demand for smallholdings could be very high. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the city of Oxford in the Radical interest at the general election of 1885.

## Court case and death

In 1891, Fyffe was a prospective parliamentary candidate at Devizes. A charge was brought to court against him at Wiltshire Assizes. It was thrown out, but Fyffe attempted suicide. Early biographies were reticent about the details. Newspaper reports from overseas were that the charge was of improper assault; John Richard Robinson appeared as a witness for Fyffe. The charge was brought by a young fellow-passenger on the Brighton Railway.
Fyffe did not recover from his suicide attempt, and died on 19 February 1892 at Laughton Hall, Edinburgh. He was buried at Buncton in Sussex.

## Works

In 1875, Fyffe published a small school history of Greece, which sold well. His History of Modern Europe was in three volumes (1880, 1886, 1890) and passed through subsequent editions.

## Family

Fyffe married, on 7 June 1883, Henrietta Frances Arnaud, the only child of Waynflete Arnaud Blagden of Holmbush Ashington, Sussex, by whom he left three children.
Children of Charles Alan Fyffe & Henrietta Frances Arnaud Blagden
* Alan Herbert Fyffe 1884-1939 England Cricketer & J.P.
* Mary Constance Fyffe 1885-1964 Married Lt.-Col Ivor Picton-Turbervill
* Ronald Laurence Fyffe 1887-1901
# James Manager

James Manager is a Nigerian politician of the People's Democratic Party who served as a senator representing Delta South Senatorial District of Delta State in the Nigerian Senate from 2003 to 2023.

## Background

Manager attended Epiekiri Primary School Ogbeinama in 1974. He had his secondary school education at FSLC School of Basic Studies, Port Harcourt in 1983. Manager has an LLB Hons in Law from Ahmadu Bello University in 1986, then he graduated from the Nigerian Law School in 1987 and he got LLM in Law from the University of Lagos in 1989.

## Political career

Manager was elected to the Senate on the People's Democratic Party ticket for the Delta South Senatorial District in 2003. He was appointed to the Works committee, Niger Delta committee and Judiciary, Human Rights and Legal Matters committee.
In May 2009, he raised the issue of the damage caused by the continued military bombardment of communities in the oil-rich Gbaramatu clan, Warri South Local Government Area of Delta State, leading to a senate resolution urging the Committee on Defence and Army to take action. He was joined in his protest against the violence by former Senator Fred Brume, who called it "an unequal battle that is drastically de-populating several parts of the region. In September 2009, Senator Manager urged President Umaru Yar'Adua to appoint someone familiar with the region as Minister of the newly created Ministry of Niger Delta.
Manager supported finding a diplomatic solution to the Joint Task Force attacks on Ijaw villages, saying war was not the right approach.
Manager successfully ran for re-election as Delta South Senator on the PDP platform in the April 2011 elections.
# Aal (film)

Aal (transl. Person) is a 2014 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film written and directed by Ananda Krishnan in his directorial debut and produced by Vidiyal Raju. A remake of the 2008 Hindi film Aamir, which itself is inspired by the Filipino film Cavite, it stars Vidharth, Hardika Shetty, and Vidiyal Raju in the lead roles. The background score and soundtrack were composed by Johan Shevanesh with cinematography by N. S. Uthayakumar and editing by M. Ramesh Bharathi. The film released on 19 September 2014 to negative reviews from critics.

## Plot

The film is about the life of an ordinary man facing an extraordinary situation in a single day. The story starts in Sikkim and travels with a grip towards the climax in Chennai. The film screens about how the youngsters are brought to the terrorism. Amir (Vidharth) is an intelligent professor who has already been in love with Meenakshi (Hardika Shetty), who works in Sikkim. When Amir goes back to Chennai, he is blackmailed into joining a terrorist organization that would hold his family and Meenakshi captive. Then, the extraordinary things happen in one day.

## Cast

* Vidharth as Aamir
* Hardika Shetty as Meenatchi
* Vidiyal Raju as the leader
* James as Rizwan
* Rajkumar as Swamy
* Malaika as Shabnam
* Jayabalu as Lal
* Asraf as Aamir's mother
* Abdullah Baig as Aamir's brother
* Hema Malini as Aamir's sister
* Suresh Kumar as Meenatchi's father
* Peeba as Meenatchi's mother

## Production

The makers of the film noted that they managed to shoot the film in parts in Parry's Corner, making it the first film to do so in forty years. Similarly Anna Salai was used as a filming location for the first time in nearly twenty years. Scenes were also shot in Gangtok in Sikkim, a location not shown before in Tamil films. The tagline of the film is ‘Who says a man writes his own destiny?’

## Soundtrack

The film score and soundtrack were composed by Johan Shevanesh.
# Mango (disambiguation)

A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree Mangifera indica.
Mango may also refer to:

## Plants and birds

* Mango (cannabis), a cultivar of Cannabis sativa
* Mango (hummingbird), a genus of hummingbird
* Mango melon, a variety of melon

## Places

* Mango Creek, a village in Belize
* Mango, Jamshedpur, a suburb of Jamshedpur, India
* Mango, Piedmont, a commune in Italy
* Mango, Togo, a city in Togo
* Mango (Tonga), an island in Tonga
* Mango, Florida, an unincorporated community in the U.S.

## Languages

* Mango language (Chad)
* Mango language (China)

## People

* Andrew Mango (1926–2014), British author on contemporary Turkey
* Cyril Mango (1928–2021), British Byzantinist
* Mango (singer) (1954–2014), Italian singer
* Mang0 (born 1991), American electronic sports player
* Marlia Mango, Byzantine archaeologist and historian
* Susan Mango, American biologist

## Technology, brands and companies

* Mango (airline), a South African airline
* Mango (smart card), an English public transport smart card
* Mango (retailer), a Spanish clothing company
* Mango (software), a viewer for medical volumetric images
* Mango Languages, an online language-learning company
* Mango, a satellite that is part of the Prisma satellite project
* Mango, a European brand of velomobile
* Mango, the code name of a software update for Windows Phone; see Windows Phone version history
* Letin Mengo, also known as Letin Mango, an electric car

## Film and TV

* "The Mango", an episode of the American TV series Seinfeld
* "The Mango", an episode of Yoko! Jakamoko! Toto!
* Mangoes (TV series), Canadian drama serial about South Asian Youth
* Tears of Steel (code named "Project Mango"), a 2012 open content short film by the Blender Foundation
* Mango (Saturday Night Live), character on the American TV series Saturday Night Live
* Mango TV, a Chinese video streaming platform owned by Hunan Broadcasting System
* Mango TV (Dominican Republic), a Dominican television channel

## Radio

* Mango Radio, a Christian FM radio network owned by RT Broadcast Specialists in the Philippines:
** DXYP in Davao City
** DXKZ and DXLL-AM in Zamboanga City
* Radio Mango 91.9, a radio station in India
* Radio Mango (Livno), a Bosnian radio station

## Music

* Mango (group), Lithuanian pop group
* Mango (singer) (1954–2014), Italian singer
* Mango Records, American record label
* Grupo Mango, Venezuelan salsa group
* "Mangos" (song), a 1956 song written by Dee Libbey and Sid Wayne
* "Mango" (Peach Tree Rascals song), a 2019 song by Peach Tree Rascals
* Mango, a 2020 song by Dev

## Other uses

* Mango (color), a yellow-orange color
* Mango (horse), a racehorse
* Mango (poem), a 1936 poem by Vyloppilli Sreedhara Menon
# An Over-Incubated Baby

An Over-Incubated Baby (AKA: The Wonderful Baby Incubator) is a 1901 British silent comic trick film, directed by Walter R. Booth, featuring a woman who gets an unpleasant surprise after placing her baby in Professor Bakem's baby incubator for 12 months growth in one hour. The film is, "one of the most original of the trick films made by W.R. Booth and R.W. Paul in 1901." According to Michael Brooke of BFI Screenonline, "one of the less elaborate films made by Booth and Paul that year, though the concept itself is so imaginative that it arguably didn't need any more than basic jump-cut transformations."
# Heath Lake

Heath Lake is a 6-hectare (15-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in Berkshire. The SSSI is part of the 22.3-hectare (55-acre) Heathlake Local Nature Reserve, which is owned and managed by Wokingham Borough Council.
Most of this 2.8-hectare (7-acre) lake is less than 1-metre (3-foot) deep. It is the only acid lake in the county which retains its characteristic plants, such as alternate water-milfoil and six-stamened waterwort. The banks are peaty and marshy in some areas. There are also small areas of woodland, dry heath and acid grassland.
There is access from Nine Mile Ride.

## Fauna

The site has the following animals

### Birds

* Cormorant
* Heron
* Mallard
* Great crested grebe
* Tufted duck
* Common kingfisher
* Coot
* Moorhen

### Invertebrates

* Brown hawker
* Common darter
* Black-tailed skimmer

## Flora

The site has the following Flora:

### Tree

* Scots pine
* oak
* rowan
* crab apple
* Guelder-rose
* alder buckthorn
* Salix purpurea

### Plant

* Myriophyllum alterniflorum
* Elatine hexandra
* Eleogiton fluitans
* Potamogeton obtusifolius
* Potamogeton pusillus
* Littorella uniflora
* Ranunculus flammula
* Galium palustre
* Lotus uliginosus
* Mentha aquatica
* Juncus effusus
* Iris pseudacorus
* Juncus acutiflorus
* Juncus bulbosus
* Carex echinata
* Hydrocotyle vulgaris
* Lysimachia tenella (syn. Anagallis tenella)
* Molinia caerulea
* Erica tetralix
* Pilularia globulifera
* Equisetum fluviatile
* Ranunculus omiophyllus
* Calluna vulgaris
* Erica cinerea
* Scutellaria minor
* Succisa pratensis
# Jisoon Ihm

Jisoon Ihm is a South Korean physicist and Distinguished Professor in Department of Physics at Pohang University of Science and Technology in Pohang, South Korea.

## Education

* B.S. in Physics at Seoul National University
* M.A. in Physics at University of California at Berkeley
* Ph.D. in Physics at University of California at Berkeley

## Works

* 1980–1982: postdoc at MIT
* 1982–1984: postdoc at AT&T Bell Labs
* 1984–1986: member of Technical Staff at Bell Communications Research
* 1986–2016: professor at Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University
* 2016–present: Distinguished Professor at Department of Physics, POSTECH

## Awards and recognition

His first paper published in 1979 spawned a new area in condensed matter physics, namely, "computational materials physics," and the paper is nowadays regarded as classic in the field. He also published an invited review article on this subject as a single author in Reports on Progress in Physics in 1988. He has carried out research in the development of a novel computational formulation for calculating the total energy of solids based on quantum mechanics. An international society on this field of research was formed around 1990, and its 16th annual meeting was held in Trieste, Italy, in January 2013. He has been a member of the Scientific Committee for this series of meetings. A similar society was formed in Asia in 1998 and he has played a key role in its birth and continued growth.
In 1996, he was presented with the Korea Science Award, which included a commendation by the president of Korea, and two years later won the Scientist of the Year Award. IN 2004, he received the Inchon Award.
He was Director of the Center for Theoretical Physics at SNU during the period 2006–2010. He has been a Fellow of the American Physical Society since 2007, and a Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA since 2011. He has been a Distinguished Professor at Seoul National University since 2009. He is now engaged in improving the formalism of computational materials physics and its applications to many different material systems such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, topological insulators, and energy storage materials. In 2023, he was awarded the Ho-Am Prize in Science in the field of physics and mathematics. The following year, he became a laureate of the Asian Scientist 100 by the Asian Scientist.
# Acacia koaia

Acacia koaia, known as koaiʻa or koaiʻe in Hawaiian, is a species of acacia that is endemic to Hawaii. It is closely related to koa (Acacia koa), and is sometimes considered to be the same species.

## Description

Acacia koaia is usually distinguished by growing as a short (rarely more than 5 m or 16 ft), broad, gnarled tree; having the seeds longitudinally arranged in the pod; shorter, straighter phyllodes; and much denser wood. A population on the northern coast of Kauaʻi may be intermediate, but the relationships have not been worked out. Koaiʻa wood is claimed to be very different from that of koa, and this may be the best character to separate them.

## Distribution

Acacia koaia, Koaiʻa, is highly adapted to dry habitats, and is capable of forming dense forests in areas with very little rainfall. It was formerly found widely in dry forests on all of the main islands. Associated plants include uluhe (Dicranopteris linearis), hala (Pandanus tectorius), koʻokoʻolau (Bidens spp.), kokiʻo (Hibiscus kokio), nehe (Lipochaeta spp.), hala pepe (Dracaena spp.), and ʻōhiʻa lehua (Metrosideros polymorpha).
Like many legumes, koaiʻa is able to fix nitrogen. However, it has been devastated by cattle and other ungulates and is now rare. It can be seen on ranch land in North Kohala, and at a small fenced exclosure outside of Waimea known as the koaiʻa sanctuary. Koaiʻa is one of the species being used to revegetate the island of Kahoʻolawe, which lost most of its plant life to overgrazing and ordnance testing.

## Uses
### Medicinal

Native Hawaiians ground koaiʻa leaves and bark with ʻauʻaukoʻi (Senna occidentalis) and kikānia pipili (Desmodium sandwicense) stalks. The mixture was then hydrated and used in a steam bath to treat diseased skin.

### Non-medicinal

The wood of koaiʻa is harder and more dense than that of koa. It was used to make laʻau melomelo (fishing lures), hoe (paddles), ihe (short spears), pololu (long spears), ʻōʻō (digging sticks), ʻiʻe kūkū (square kapa beaters), and papa olonā (Touchardia latifolia scrapers). Koaiʻa leaves were used to cover hale lau koaiʻe (shelters and permanent sheds).

## Gallery

* Seed pod, showing the end-to-end arrangement of seeds
* Koaiʻa tree showing the short, broad form
* Remnants of the koaiʻa forest of North Kohala, now pasture
# Jake Nerwinski

Jakob Maling Nerwinski (born October 17, 1994) is an American professional soccer player who last played as a right-back for Major League Soccer club St. Louis City SC.

## Early life

A native of the Lawrenceville section of Lawrence Township, Mercer County, New Jersey, Nerwinski played varsity soccer from his freshman through senior year at Notre Dame High School in Lawrenceville under coach Mike Perone. During each of his four years as a varsity starter he earned All-County honors and was named to All-State, All-Area, or All-Conference first teams at least once per season. During his senior season, Nerwinski broke Notre Dame's all-time scoring record with 21 goals and 19 assists.

## Career
### College

Nerwinski played four years of college soccer at the University of Connecticut between 2013 and 2016. During his time at UConn, Nerwinski was named in the American Athletic Conference First Team and the NSCAA First Team All-East Region for two consecutive years.

### Professional

On January 13, 2017, Nerwinski was selected 7th overall in the 2017 MLS SuperDraft by Vancouver Whitecaps FC. He signed with the club on February 9, 2017.
Nerwinski made his professional debut on February 22, 2017, in a 1–1 draw with the New York Red Bulls in the CONCACAF Champions League.
Following the 2022 season, Nerwinski's contract option was declined by Vancouver.
Nerwinski signed a two-year deal with St. Louis City SC on November 28, 2022, joining the club in their inaugural season in MLS in 2023.

## Honors

Vancouver Whitecaps
* Canadian Championship: 2022
St. Louis City SC
* Western Conference (regular season): 2023

## Personal life

Born in the United States, Nerwinski is of Polish descent through his great-grandparents who arrived to the United States from Warsaw, Poland.
# Antonio Gandolfi

Antonio Gandolfi (February 20, 1835 – March 20, 1902) was an Italian soldier and politician. He was the 2nd Italian Governor of Eritrea. He was a recipient of the Silver Medal of Military Valor.
In June 1890 Francesco Crispi, president of the Council, appointed him Governor of Eritrea.
| Preceded byBaldassarre Orero | Italian Governor of Eritrea 1890–1892 | Succeeded byOreste Baratieri |