# Aganane Formation

The Aganane Formation (also known as Aït Bazzi Formation or Assemsouk Formation in the High Atlas and Calcaires de Tizi Nehassa in the Middle Atlas) is a Pliensbachian (Early Jurassic), with some levels being potentially Latest Sinemurian, geologic formation in the Khenifra, Azilal, Béni-Mellal, Ouarzazate, Tinerhir and Errachidia areas, in the Middle and High Atlas of Morocco, being the remnant of a local massive Carbonate platform, and known mostly for its rich tracksites (up to 1350 tracks in 1988) including footprints of dinosaurs. It may also include the fossiliferous levels of the Calcaires du Bou Dahar, if true, it would be one of the richest Early Jurassic formations in the entire tethys area.
This formation has been dated to the Pliensbachian stage of the Lower Jurassic, thanks to the find of the ammonite Arieticeras cf. algovianum, indicator of Middle Domerian (=Uppermost Pliensbachian) in the upper zone, and lower delimitation by the foraminifers Mayncina termieri and Orbitopsella praecursor (indicators of Carixian=Lower Pliensbachian age). The dinosaur tracksites are all located a few metres below the Pliensbachian-Toarcian limit, being coeval and connected with the lowermost layers of the continental Azilal Formation. The Aganane Formation was also coeval with the Jbel Taguendouft Formation, all developed along a local "platform-furrow" in the Middle Atlas Mountains, that act as a barrier controlling the western border of the Jurassic Atlas Gulf. The nearshore sections, including both carbonate platforms and close to sea terrestrial facies where located on an isolated internal domain thanks to the control of the barrier, allowing the Aganane Formation to develop on a hot and humid climate, where a local algal marsh had intermittent progradations, intercalated with a layer of terrigenous continental origin. The ichnosites were developed in tidal flats and coastal deposits suitable to sea flooding.
The Aganane Formation is a member of the Pliensbachian facies section of the Central Atlas, which are distributed from west to east: The Aït Chitachen Formation at Demnate (continental-fluvial, coastal lagoon) and the Aganane itself at Azilal. At Tazoult, part of the Azilal profile contacts the bottom with the karst Talmest-Tazoult Formation, then a section where the Aganane itself indicates an eastward expansion of the carbonate facies, finally, the most recent Pliensbachian strata belong to the "Amezraï Formation" (Intertidal to coastal marine), this last change being the result of a transgression where we see a westward advance of the Imilchil pelagic facies, mostly part of the Jbel Choucht Formation.

## Lithology

The Aganane Formation, is a thick carbonate-dominated sequence, reaching up to 600 meters in thickness. It lies between the dolomites and limestones of the Imi-n-Ifri Formation below and the red sandstones and pelites of the Tafraout Group above. The transition to the overlying and underlying formations is generally gradual, though local erosion can create discordances.
The proximal series towards SW of the Demnate accident are dominated by very confined brecciated and dolomitic facies containing gypsum lenses, mapped as the "Aït-Bazzi Formation". It´s characteristic facies include yellowish cavernous dolomites as well red marls, are common., while gypsum facies were discovered on drillings. Red sandstone-pelitic facies with traces of roots often forms the base and can be widely found (Jbel Rat, Foum Jem'a, Rbat, Ait Athmane...).
Towards Azilal the unit primarily consists of well-bedded cyclic carbonate rocks, dominated by dolomitic and calcareous beds, often exhibiting dry joints. The dolomites are typically yellowish to reddish and fine-grained, while the limestones are gray to beige and biodetritic. Interbedded sequences of impure limestone and red marl, often in decameter-thick layers, are present, particularly at the base and middle sections. The limestones are generally rich in fossils, including large bivalves (Astartidae, Plicatostylidae), large foraminifera (Orbitopsella), and algae. At Talmest-Tazoult it was divided in 3 sub-units: A.g. 1 (50 m) starts with red marls and features fossil-rich limestones with bivalves, brachiopods, and foraminifera like Mesoendothyra, evolving from mudstones to oolitic grainstones, capped by an oxidized discontinuity. A.g. 2 (40 m) mirrors this lithology but stands out for its biostratigraphic microfauna (e.g., Pseudocyclammina liasica), spanning packstones to biomicrites with algae and oncoliths. A.g. 3 (40 m) begins above an emersion surface and ends the formation with thick, fossiliferous limestones transitioning to detrital deposits, marked by tectonic cracks at its top. Together, these units depict a shallow marine setting with periodic exposure, varying regionally in thickness and facies.
Characteristic features include:
* Biostromes with large bivalves, found particularly in patch reefs and limestone bars.
* Intraformational megabreccias, composed of angular clasts in thick lenticular beds, often linked to submarine slumps.
* Microfacies diversity, including biomicrites, packstones, grainstones, and stromatolithic bindstones, with common ooids, peloids, echinoderms, gastropods, bryozoans, and corals.
* Eventstones and siliceous nodules, particularly in the southwestern sections, where alternating asymmetrical cycles (0.5–100m thick) suggest periodic environmental fluctuations.
The presence of stromatolites, tepee structures, and desiccation cracks suggests periodic exposure and drying, reinforcing the interpretation of a dynamic coastal to intertidal system.

## Paleoenvironment

The Aganane Formation is characterized as representing the coastal-shallow sector of a massive carbonate platform were carbonates of this unit were subjected to an examination of the diagenetic characteristics, where changes in the surface environment were consistently reflected in a sequence of rocks by diagenetic characteristics, maybe a tentative correlation of major events, such as Hurricanes. This succession exhibits significant lateral (west-to-east) variations, reflecting an evolving depositional system. From west to east it transitions from red marly lagoonal-brackish facies, to lagoonal facies (occasionally evaporitic), to marly-dolomitic or marly-calcareous lagoonal-marine facies. At the eastern edge of the Afourar map, it becomes coralligenous, integrating with the underlying calcareous-dolomitic series to form a reefal complex. This reefal barrier isolates from cephalopod-rich facies of the inner Atlas, complicating stratigraphic correlations.
The supratidal sector was diverse, including continental deposits with abundant quartz-rich cricundant deposits and fluvial channels, as well as others composed of considerable thicknesses of stratified gypsum and chicken-wire cargneules, lime and dolomite shales and marls, with drying cracks, caliche crusts and vadose pisoliths. These sediments suggest a continental zone bordering river courses, connected to coastal sectors where shales and siltstones derived from Sabkhas in which interstitial evaporites were formed. To the north of the Demnate fault, there existed an extensive subsiding tidal flat where carbonate deposits containing gypsum remnants and stromatolitic laminites formed, interspersed with desiccation polygons, gypsum precipitated in sebkhas along the edge of a low continent, indicative of a possibly arid climate. Along the Demnate fault's edge, active during this period, lignite layers were intercalated, likely resulting from the degradation of forests located to the south, indicated by root traces in sandstones at the base of the formation (locally referred as "Aït-Bazzi Formation") in Aït Tioutline, as well seen W-E as red marls with paleosols to a chaotic dolomitic sequence in W Zaouiat Ahansal. The area was inhabited by both herbivorous and carnivorous dinosaurs that roamed an expansive coastal marshland.
In the intertidal zone, pelletoid lime packstones and wackestones, often bioturbated, reflect shallow, low-energy conditions, with variable amounts of terrigenous material. Fenestral fabrics and occasional bivalve species further support intertidal or shallow subtidal environments. Mudstones and wackestones, occasionally with bivalve remains, suggest low-energy conditions, with evidence of shallow, brackish-water environments. Oolitic lime grainstones, well-sorted and cross-bedded, indicate high-energy conditions likely associated with tidal distributary bars, while crinoid and mollusc packstones suggest quieter waters around shoals. Algal laminated boundstones developed in both supratidal and intertidal zones, following present-day patterns such as Shark Bay in Australia or the Persian Gulf. Whereas the pelletoid lime packstone/wackestone facies most likely represented tidal flat areas, or analogs to modern coastal mangrove growth. Additionally, more massive facies with large Plicatostylidae separated the tidal flat from the open sea with Ammonites, whose western extension bordered the eastern edge of Azilal.
Subtidal deposits include both those of an intertidal nature, indicating shallow water or coastal lagoons, with extensive accumulations of skeletal lime packstones, oolitic tidal deltas and offshore bars, oncoliths and coral reefs, and occasional bivalves Opisoma spp., while further east the more open subtidal conditions are represented by flint-bearing calcareous shales and sparse faunas where ammonites begin to appear.
Locations such as Ait Athmane, Aghbalou N'Kerdous or Assemsouk recover the typical Sinemurian-Pliensbachian Plicatostylidae reefs, composed by aggrupations of aberrant bivalves. Locally, these reefs were developed as shallow subtidal, cross-bedded floatstones, later evolving to layers with evidence of subaerial exposure, including lagoonal marls, and bioturbated red mudstones with root traces and calcrete. These layers are abundant on the aberrant Plicatostylidae bivalves Lithioperna and Cochlearites, as well common corals, gastropods, the astartidae bivalve Opisoma and oncoids, all living in a sheltered lagoon in the interior of the local carbonate platform, similar to the Rotzo Formation of the Trento Platform. On Jebel Azourki several biofacies can be seen: tabular, erosive structures formed by tidal channels, mound-like forms with bivalves growing in place, cross-bedded deposits from lateral channel migration and bioherms with clustered bivalves, forming on flats or channel bends. The "Assemsouk Structure" is a massive bivalve-dominated reef (125 m high, 1250 m long), features bioherm growth stages with corals and stromatolites, bordered by a reef wall on the east. It was first interpreted as a "Mud Mound", but later was seen to be a carbonate body that became a narrow turbiditic trough (<3 km wide) due to faulting and was latter buried under marine marls, with the "mound" as a preserved block from the original platform. The environment spans from supratidal flats to subtidal zones, with eastern laminated shales transitioning to marine grainstones, indicating a regressive phase with barrier island formation separating intertidal deposits from deeper biodetritic slope deposits, all latter covered with laminated shales with coal streaks and abundant plant fragments, recording an anoxic coastal lagoon.

### Diapirism

At Talmest-Tazoult, the presence of diapirs (like the "Tazoult salt wall") is remarkable. In the Pliensbachian, this area begins with the deposition of the Jbel Choucht carbonate platform, followed by uplift and salt wall growth causing erosion of the karst and deposition of syn-diapiric breccias, conglomerates, and sandstones (Talmest-Tazoult Formation), and then is invaded from the west by the shallow marine carbonate platform of the Aganane Formation. At this time, a decrease in the growth rate of the diapir is detected compared to the Sinemurian. In fact, with the eastward extension of the Aganane Formation, the Tazoult salt wall registers a major change towards shallower facies, confirming a higher diapir relief and a decrease in water depth towards this area during the Pliensbachian, not excluding a complete stop of diapir activity in this interval. Pliensbachian carbonate platforms likely formed above salt walls, similar to the La Popa Basin (Monterrey). Small-scale karstic cavities filled with meteoric sediments at the platform top further highlight this transition. The Aganane limestones were later overprinted by modified marine fluids during burial, leading to localized dolomitization under reducing conditions. This transformation suggests a late diagenetic phase linked to burial processes, potentially continuing into early shallow burial stages. The diapirs remained as bathymetric highs and emerged islands that allowed the proliferation of Plicatostylidae and other organism colonies during the deposition of the Aganane Fm, as well they created hemipelagic deeper facies between them.

### Climate

The Pliensbachian High Atlas trough, situated within an arid desert climate zone, was marked by high evaporation rates and minimal rainfall, as evidenced by widespread evaporite minerals, desiccation features, and subaerial diagenetic fabrics. The scarcity of terrigenous material and the prevalence of wind-transported red mud and fine sand further indicate low precipitation, with strong winds (common in modern regions like the Persian Gulf and Shark Bay) serving as a key sediment transport mechanism. Periodic storms, similar to Shark Bay’s winter gales, significantly shaped sedimentation, leaving behind erosional and depositional structures consistent with arid environments. The surrounding low-lying hinterland experienced little runoff and was primarily eroded by wind.
Salinity in the trough varied, with high levels in marginal intertidal and supratidal zones, inferred from the lack of marine faunas, abundant evaporites, and comparisons to modern analogs like Shark Bay and the Persian Gulf, where restricted circulation elevates salinity. Maps based on biota, evaporite distribution, and algal mat tolerances (modeled after Shark Bay) show normal oceanic salinities in the southern inlet and eastern areas, while the northern trough had persistently high salinities. However, Ophiomorpha burrows near Ait Ourir suggest occasional normal marine salinities in the trough’s center during maximum transgression (seen in the older Imi-n-Ifri Formation). Intertidal zones periodically supported salt-tolerant plants, forming thin organic seams in low-salinity areas.
Sedimentary structures like cross-bedding in oolite and clastic shoals, as well as channel directions, were recorded but showed high variability and no consistent trends, likely due to the complex interplay of tidal currents, islands, promontories, mud mounds, shoals, and storm influences in this tidally dominated environment.

### Depositional settings

The lower and middle parts of the Aganane Formation mainly consist of light gray dolomitic limestone, often with a rhythmic layering. This environment represents a shallow, coastal area similar to modern tidal flats where seawater periodically covered the land during high tides. Areas like Ait Athmane or Tizi n'Terghist record rhizoliths (including massively rooted levels), tree trunks, red clay with paleosols and pisoids, which are indicative of pedogenic or freshwater vadose conditions with periodic exposure to air and fresh water. In other localities are mainly biodetritic limestones, showing emersion structures at their top (dolomitization, mud cracks, roots and plant remains, footprints of Dinosaurs). A significant portion of this environment was influenced by coastal lagoon and supratidal plains, areas only occasionally submerged by the sea, like at Assemsouk, were clastic carbonate deposits record cross-bedding structures and with abundant remains of plants or at Aghbalou N'Kerdous with red lagoonal calcareous siltstones and limestone beds with microbial crenulations. Red and white marls mixed with thin dolomite layers suggest periods of exposure to the air, with sediments deposited by rivers and occasional flooding from the sea. This setting is comparable to the modern Persian Gulf's sabkha environments, where salt flats and shallow waters mix. Evidence of land exposure includes features like mudcracks and evaporite crystals. Occasional storm events likely washed in marine sediments, indicated by brecciated layers (broken rock fragments). Dinosaur footprints found in these layers suggest a nearby vegetated land area with sufficient rainfall to support life, and thus high annual precipitation, suggesting overall tropical conditions reminiscent of the modern Andros Island model in the Bahamas.
Further offshore, the platform transitioned into a more open lagoon setting, where shallow marine conditions dominated. The rocks here include mud-rich limestones and dark biodetrital limestones (formed from broken fossil fragments). This part of the formation often shows signs of marine life, including llamellibranchs, gastropods, brachiopods, with calcareous algae (Palaeodasycladus, Solenopora, etc.) oncoliths and Foraminifers. Some layers contain large bivalves like Plicatostylidae, occasionally forming shell beds. These shell accumulations and their arrangement suggest the influence of tidal currents, creating small channels within the lagoons. The presence of gray, organic-rich sediments indicates a low-oxygen, calm-water environment where fine carbonate mud accumulated. Subtidal influences are observed in oncolitic lime wackestones, indicating a relatively low-energy environment with occasional mixing from higher-energy conditions.
In the more open, wave-exposed parts of the platform, the sediment becomes coarser and contains reef-related deposits. These deposits include bioclastic limestones (composed of broken shells and coral fragments) with large coral colonies and sea urchins. The corals likely formed small patch reefs, protecting the inner platform from strong wave action. The transition between these reef zones and the inner platform was gradual, with occasional storm events depositing coarse sediments into the quieter lagoon areas. This reef barrier acted as a natural protection for the lagoon, allowing finer sediments to accumulate behind it.
Small cycles within the bank with frequent reworking and/or rearrangement phenomena demonstrate the importance of episodic storms, which repeatedly led to the displacement of individual facies zones. The only slightly consolidated bottom of the extensive, shallow lagoon areas was repeatedly reworked, with thicknesses of 2-4 meters are characteristic of restrictive lagoonal berelches in the lee of offshore bars or reef belts. The asymmetric large cycles are interpreted, with some reservations, as regressive cycles in connection with global sea level fluctuations and regional tectonic development.

## Paleogeography

During the Pliensbachian, the region was situated at a nearly tropical paleolatitude and marked the western boundary of the ancient "Atlas Gulf," which faced the Tethys Sea to the East. The Aganane Formation is located largely within the "Grand e Accident du Nor d'Altasien" or North Atlas Fault, the largest and most important of the Central High Atlas faults. During the late Pliensbachian, 200 m of carbonate sediments accumulated south of the fault on an overturned block, while to the north more than 700 m of similar material accumulated. This fault line probably marked the northern boundary of a Paleozoic basement peninsula that advanced eastward from the Tichka Massif into the Atlas Trench.
The facies generally have a low bathymetry, evolving from east to west from a lagoon-marine facies to brackish facies. At the level of the Azilal Province-Beni-Mellal Atlas, the Pliensbachian occurs on both sides of the Demnat Fault: to the southwest of the fault, the "Aït Bazzi Formation" with dolomitic and red marly facies (lagoonal and lagoon-evaporitic facies), while to the northeast the Aganane Formation dominates. Towards the south, the "basin" facies ends at the bottom of the gulf near the Jbel Oukarde accident, at the western end of the Tilougguite syncline, with the limit corresponding to the present-day course of the Azilal-Anergui submeridian fault. On the Amezraï and Aït Bouguemmez basins, a platform was established, were the Aganane Formation presents more or less the same characteristics as those described in the Beni-Mellal area. At Ait Bou Guemmez, the upper Aganane Formation records the development of a lagoonal environment south of the Jbel Tizal-Jbel Azourki accident, which evolves to a more or less open subtidal platform environment north of this accident.
The paleogeographic evolution of our region can be described in three main stages:
* The Lower Pliensbachian ("Carixian"), which follows the typical Sinemurian paleogeographic pattern with foreshores and prolonged emersion facies (paleosols, karsts and teepee-shaped structures), the latter being mainly observed on the southern slopes of the central High Atlas, evolving on the subtidal platform of the Upper Sinemurian, with Plicatostylidae colonizing for the first time the main areas located in line with the active accidents, notably the fault located NE-SW, separating the Tilougguite trough to the SE from its limiting platform to the NW.
* The "middle" Pliensbachian ("Carixian" - lower "Domerian") marine environment gradually resettles along the western edge of the High Atlas Basin, with maximum opening of depositional environments in the Carixian-Domerian transition (rhythmic mamocalcic sedimentation in the Tilougguit Trench, turbidite facies on the SE edge of the Beni-Mellal platform and subsident lagoons in the other sectors). At the same time, the NW-SE-trending Demnate Fault and the N70-trending North Atlas Fault become evident, whereas the southern edge of the Telouet Graben does not appear to have changed significantly during the Middle Lias like its counterpart in the northern part of the range, being here the main site of the shallow sedimentation of the Aganane Formation. Towards the Tinghir meridian, open sea facies are encountered.
* The last facies belong to the Upper Pliensbachian (Upper Domerian) where the paleogeography of the Central High Atlas becomes very contrasted, with emersion of a vast sector of the platform (At Demnate), leading to the development of paleosols and karst and the accumulation of lignite deposits along tectonically active faults. At the same time, there is a filling of the Tilougguite ditch by carbonate and terrigenous sedimentation, showing small basins like Tamadout and Taquat N'Agrd with a sedimentation with a gravity component, and shoals (Jbel Taguendouft) with condensed deposits. Finally an intensification of the activity of the North leading to the deepening of the central platform (creation of the new basin of Amezraï), to the individualization of strongly subsident zones in the aplomb of this accident (gutter of Jbel Azourki-Jbel Aroudane) and to the birth of the first wrinkles in the center of the high-Atlasic basin.

## Foraminifera

| Color key Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon | Notes Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited. |
Local Foraminifers have been the major reference to establish the local different enviromental settings, as it´s distribution is clearly based on cyclic sedimentary evolution: the base banks "Term A" represents a shallow subtidal setting with rich thanatocoenosis of Siphovalvulina, Mayncina or Orbitopsella, associated with a intensely bioturbated environment, analogous to present Bahamas, Florida or Persian Gulf. In the Aganane type section limestone beds (biopelmicrite) rich in Orbilopsella, Haurania or Pseudopfenderina could be interpreted as brought by tidal currents covering the supratidal zone. In "Term B" a thanatocoenosis of monospecific Foraminifera with Mayncina termieri, Pseudopfenderina or Lituosepta compressa are common, interpreted as allochthonous, resulting from sorting in an intertidal environment higher than supratidal, under or alternated with the supratidal laminations and the storm breccias, as well in rarer cases covering (aeolian origin?) surface of the supratidal coastal plain. The Aganane Foraminifera in Terms "D" and "E" underwent significant evolutionary and environmental changes. During D, the foraminiferal population was dominated by Planisepta, a smaller morphovariant of Lituosepta, which persisted after the decline of larger orbitopsellids like Orbitopsella due to internal biological factors and mechanical instability related to their large size. The population remained stable until the Middle Domerian anoxic crisis, which triggered a microfaunal turnover. E saw the emergence of smaller, simpler foraminifera such as Haurania gracilis and Paleocyclammina liasica, adapted to eutrophic lagoon conditions.
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Material | Habitat | Notes |
| Amijiella | A. amiji | Aït-Abbès Jbel Tarkeddid Tizi Isli Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Isolated Tests/Shells | Marine or Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the family Hauraniidae |
| Ammobaculites | A. sp. | Tizi Nehassa | Isolated Tests/Shells | Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the Ammomarginulininae family. |
| Dentalina | D. sp. | Ait Athmane | Isolated Tests/Shells | Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the Nodosariinae family. |
| Eariandia | E. sp. | Aït-Abbès | Isolated Tests/Shells | Marine or Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the family Earlandiidae. |
| Eggerella | E. sp. | Tazoult | Isolated Tests/Shells | Marine or Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the Eggerellidae family. |
| Everticyclammina | E. praevirguliana E. sp. | Aganane/Assist Ait Athmane Barda Bernai Jbel Choucht Tazoult | Isolated Tests/Shells | Marine or Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the Everticyclamminidae family. |
| Glomospira | G. sp. | Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Assif Oum Tizi Isli Tizi Nehassa | Isolated Tests/Shells | Lagoon | A foraminifer of the family Ammodiscidae. |
| Glomospirella | G. sp | Ait Athmane | Isolated Tests/Shells | Lagoon | A foraminifer of the family Ammovertellininae. |
| Haurania | H. gracilis H. deserta | Aït-Abbès Barda Jbel Choucht Jbel Tarkeddid Tazoult Tizi Isli Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Isolated Tests/Shells | Marine or Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the family Hauraniidae |
| Lituosepta | L. recoarensis L. compressa | Aganane Aît Bou Guemez Aït Blal Assif Oum Assist Bernai Assist Lakhdar Chaaba Touila Gorges de Taghia Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Asmir Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Moulay Yacoub Nit Blal-Tacht Tadghouit Wazzant | Isolated Tests/Shells | Marine or Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the Mesoendothyridae family. |
| Meandrospira | M. sp. | Barda Jbel Choucht Talmest-Tazoult | Isolated Tests/Shells | Marine or Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the Cornuspiridae family. |
| Mesoendothyra | M. croatica M. sp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assist Bernai Jbel Choucht Tazoult Wazzant | Isolated Tests/Shells | Marine or Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the Mesoendothyridae family. |
| Nodosaria | N. sexcostata N. sp. | Ait Athmane | Isolated Tests/Shells | Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the family Nodosariinae. |
| Ophtalmidium | O. concentricum O. martanum O. sp. | Ait Athmane Tizi Nehassa | Isolated Tests/Shells | Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the family Ophthalmidiidae. |
| Orbitopsella | O. primaeva O. praecursor | Aganane Aït Blal Alt Bou Guemez Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Wazzant | Isolated Tests/Shells | Marine or Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the Mesoendothyridae family. |
| Paleomayncina | P. termieri | Aganane Aït Blal Assist Bernai Barda Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Tazoult Wazzant | Isolated Tests/Shells | Marine or Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the Mesoendothyridae family. |
| Planisepta | P. compressa | Ait Athmane | Isolated Tests/Shells | Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the Mesoendothyridae family. |
| Planiinvoluta | P. carinata | Barda | Isolated Tests/Shells | Marine or Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the Cornuspiridae family. |
| Pseudocyclammina | P. liasica | Aït Blal Barda Jbel Choucht Jbel Tarkeddid Tazoult Tizi Isli Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Isolated Tests/Shells | Marine or Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the Pfenderinidae family. |
| Pseudopfenderina | P. butterlini | Aganane Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Wazzant | Isolated Tests/Shells | Marine or Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the Pfenderinidae family. |
| Siphovalvulina | S. colomi S. gibraltarensis S. sp. | Aganane Ait Athmane Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assist Bernai Tizi Isli Wazzant | Isolated Tests/Shells | Marine or Lagoonal | A foraminifer of the Pfenderinidae family. |

## Invertebrata
### Ichnofossils

| Genus | Species | Location | Material | Made by | Images |
| Arenicolites | A. ispp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Aït Bou Guemez Amagour Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Ikis Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Jbel Taabest Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Taberhout Tazergount Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Borrowing Traces | Polychaetes (Spionida and Carpitellida) Crustaceans (Amphipodan). Sipuncula | Example of Arenicolites specimens |
| Asterosoma | A. ispp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Aït Bou Guemez Amagour Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Ikis Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Jbel Taabest Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Taberhout Tazergount Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Bulb-like swelling burrows | Annelids Sipuncula | |
| Chomatichnus | C. wegberensis | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Aït Bou Guemez Amagour Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Ikis Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Jbel Taabest Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Taberhout Tazergount Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Tubular Fodinichnia | Decapoda Annelids (Polychaeta) Sipuncula | |
| Chondrites | C. ispp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Aït Bou Guemez Amagour Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Ikis Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Jbel Taabest Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Taberhout Tazergount Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Tubular Fodinichnia | Annelids (Polychaeta) Sipuncula | Example of Chondrites trace fossil |
| Cruziana | C. ispp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Aït Bou Guemez Amagour Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Ikis Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Jbel Taabest Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Taberhout Tazergount Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Ribbon-like furrows | Xiphosura Isopoda | Example of Cruziana trace |
| Gastrochaenolites | G. ispp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Aït Bou Guemez Amagour Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Ikis Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Jbel Taabest Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Taberhout Tazergount Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | clavate-shaped to flask-shaped tubes | Bivalves | Example of Gastrochaenolites |
| Glossifungites | G. ispp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Aït Bou Guemez Amagour Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Ikis Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Jbel Taabest Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Taberhout Tazergount Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Infilled abandoned burrows | Priapulida Serpulidae Siboglinidae Sabellidae Oweniidae | |
| Ophiomorpha | O. irregulaire O. nodosa O. ispp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Aït Bou Guemez Amagour Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Ikis Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Jbel Taabest Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Taberhout Tazergount Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Tubular Fodinichnia | Decapodans | Example of Ophiomorpha trace fossil |
| Rhizocorallium | R. parallelum R. ispp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Aït Bou Guemez Amagour Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Ikis Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Jbel Taabest Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Taberhout Tazergount Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Tubular Fodinichnia | Crustaceans Annelids Bony Fish | Example of Rhizocorallium specimens. |
| Skolithos | S. ispp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Aït Bou Guemez Amagour Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Ikis Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Jbel Taabest Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Taberhout Tazergount Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Cylindrical to subcylindrical burrows | Polychaetes Phoronidans | Representation of Skolithos along the possible makers. |
| Thalassinoides | T. suevicus T. ispp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Aït Bou Guemez Amagour Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Ikis Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Jbel Taabest Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Taberhout Tazergount Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Tubular Fodinichnia | Decapoda Annelids (Polychaeta) Sipuncula Bony Fish Dipnoi | Example of Thalassinoides specimens. |
| Teichichnus | T. ispp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Aït Bou Guemez Amagour Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Ikis Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Jbel Taabest Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Taberhout Tazergount Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Vertical to oblique burrows | Polychaetes Phoronidans | |
| Zoophycos | Z. ispp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Aït Bou Guemez Amagour Assif Bernal Assif Lakhdar Assif Imejdag Col d'Adoumaz Col du R'nim Col (Tizi) n-Toudat Gorges du Makin Gorges de Taghia Jbel Choucht Jbel Ikis Jbel Mahan Jbel Rhat Jbel Taabest Taclghouit Jbel Tadaghas Jbel Tafenfent Jbel Tarkeddid Taberhout Tazergount Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Dwelling traces | Polychaetes (Spionida and Carpitellida) Deposit-feeding Sipuncula | Example of Zoophycos fossil |

### Anthozoa

The Reef facies of the Aganane Formation featured a nearshore, tropical setting. Late Pliensbachian corals of the Aganane Formation are mainly limited to Retiophyllia, Thamnasteria and Archaeosmilia. Dominant Plicatostylidae bivalves, in a way akin to modern Crassostrea, thrived in both clear and turbid waters, forming biostromes and bioherms in protected lagoons. Their growth outpaced sediment accumulation thanks to soft carbonate mud and their own fecal matter providing support. Fluctuating water depths influenced habitat suitability, with lithiotids adapting to shallow subtidal environments. Co-existing scleractinian corals, possibly photosymbiotic, suggest warm, clear, oligotrophic conditions, yet their symbiotic nature is hard to confirm in fossils. These corals were sensitive to changes in environmental parameters like temperature and salinity.
| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic Position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Actinastreidae | Indeterminate | Ait Athmane | Colonial Imprints | Thamnasterioid corals | Actinaraea, example of Actinastreid |
| Ampakabastraea | A. sp. | Ait Athmane | Imprints | A solitary coral of the family Stylinidae. | |
| Archaeosmilia | A. beata A. sp. | Ait Athmane | Imprints | A solitary coral of the family Zardinophyllidae. | |
| Archaeosmiliopsis | A. sp. | Ait Athmane | Colonial Imprints | A coral of the family Archaeosmiliidae. | |
| Eocomoseris | E. sp. | Ait Athmane | Colonial Imprints | A thamnasterioid coral of the family Archaeosmiliidae. | |
| Icaunhelia | I. sp. | Ait Athmane | Imprints | A solitary coral of the family Archaeosmiliidae | |
| Oppelismilia | O. sp. | Assemsouk | Colonial Imprints | A coral of the family Oppelismiliidae. | |
| Paleomillepora | P. sp. | Ait Athmane | Colonial Imprints | A plocoid coral of the family Spongiocoenia | |
| Phacelostylophyllum | P. sp. | Assemsouk | Colonial Imprints | A coral of the family Stylophyllidae. | |
| Phacelophyllia | P. sp. | Ait Athmane | Colonial Imprints | A coral of the family Dermosmiliidae. | |
| Periseris | P. sp. | Ait Athmane | Colonial Imprints | A coral of the family Latomeandridae. | |
| Proleptophyllia? | P?. sp. | Ait Athmane | Imprints | A solitary coral of the family Dermosmiliidae | |
| Reimaniphyllidae | Indeterminate | Ait Athmane | Imprints | Solitary corals | |
| Retiophyllia | R. zizensis R. spp. | Ait Athmane | Colonial Imprints | A coral of the family Reimaniphylliidae. It belongs to the otherwise common Triassic genus Retiophyllia. | |
| Stylophyllidae | Indeterminate | Ait Athmane | Colonial Imprints | Phaceloid corals | Thecosmilia, example of Stylophyllid |
| Thamnasteria | T. cf. mettensis | Ait Athmane | Colonial Imprints | A thamnasterioid coral of the family Thamnasteriidae. | Thamnasteria specimens |

### Porifera

| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Material | Habitat | Notes | Images |
| Cladocoropsis | C. mirabilis C. spp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Jbel Tarkeddid Wazzant | Colonial Imprints | Marine or Lagoonal | An Axinellidan demosponge of the family Cladocoropsidae. | |
| Stylothalamia | S. columnaris | Ain Kahla to Ain Leuh | Colonial Imprints | Marine or Lagoonal | A Dictyoceratidan demosponge of the family Verticillitidae | |

### Brachiopoda

| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Calcirhynchia | C. moghrabiensis C. spp. | Tizi n’Talrhemt | Isolated Shells | A Brachiopodan of the family Cirpinae. It was originally identified as part of the genus Rhynchonella | |
| Gibbirhynchia | G. ageri | Tizi Nehassa | Isolated Shells | A Brachiopodan member of the family Tetrarhynchiidae | |
| Grandirhynchia | G (Rhynchonella) laevigata | Tillouguit | Isolated Shells | A Brachiopodan member of the family Tetrarhynchiidae | |
| Hesperithyris | H. atlantis H. ifranensis H. termieri | Azrou Col du Tarhzeft Jebel Hebri Tazergount Tazioualt Tizi Nehassa | Isolated Shells | A Brachiopodan of the family Zeilleriidae | |
| Liospiriferina | L. praerostrata | Tizi Nehassa | Isolated Shells | A Brachiopodan of the family Spiriferinidae | Liospiriferina specimens |
| Lobothyris | L. punctata L. subpunctata | Tizi Nehassa | Isolated Shells | A Brachiopodan of the family Lobothyrididae | |
| Parathyridina | P. mediterranea | Tizi Nehassa | Isolated Shells | A Brachiopodan of the family Zeilleriidae. A taxon living on the inner carbonate platforms rarely communicating with the open sea. | |
| Spiriferina | S. falloti S. sp. | S d'Ouaouizarthe Tillouguit | Isolated Shells | A Brachiopodan of the family Spiriferinidae | |
| Sulcirostra | S. brusinai | Bab-el-Hari | Isolated Shells | A Brachiopodan of the family Dimerellidae | |
| Tetrarhynchia | T. tounatensis T. ageri | Jebel Hebri Tizi Nehassa Tounat-el-Mariz | Isolated Shells | A Brachiopodan member of the family Tetrarhynchiidae | |
| "Terebratula" | "T." hebbriensis | Jebel Hebri Tounat-el-Mariz | Isolated Shells | A Brachiopodan member of the family Terebratulidae | Terebratula specimens |
| Zeilleria | Z. undulata Z. sarthacensis | Barda Tizi Nehassa | Isolated Shells | A Brachiopodan of the family Zeilleriidae | |

### Bivalves

| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Arcomytilus | A. furcatus | Assemsouk Tazioualt | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Mytilidae. | |
| Cochlearites | C. loppianus C. spp. | Aganane Aghbalou N'Kerdous Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Tizi Nehassa Tizi n'Tizint | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Plicatostylidae. It´s accumulations generally cover megalodontid coquinas. | Cochlearites |
| Eomiodon | E. serradensis E. spp. | Aganane Aït Blal Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Assemsouk Jbel Tarkeddid | Isolated Shells | A saltwater/brackish bivalve of the family Neomiodontidae. This genus is considered an opportunistic suspension feeder of shallow infauna, and the marker genus for brackish environments. | |
| Fimbria | F. trulla F. spp. | Assemsouk Tizi n'Tizint | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Lucinidae. | Example of extant specimen |
| Gervilleia | G. termieri G. spp. | Tazergount | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Bakevelliidae. | |
| Gervilleioperna | G. atlanta G. spp. | Ait Athmane Assemsouk Tizi Nehassa | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Plicatostylidae. Abundant along the rootlets, indicating a very shallow and restricted lagoon or swamp environment | Gervillioperna |
| Gryphaea | G. (Bilobissa) sp. | Ait Athmane | Isolated Shells | A saltwater/brackish bivalve of the family Gryphaeidae | Specimen of the genus |
| Liogryphaea | L. arcuata L. spp. | Ait Athmane Assemsouk | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Gryphaeidae. This genus develops a noted material oyster biostrome at Aït Athmane, where a discontinuous, patchy layer is formed, developed under submarine lithification and a relative enrichment in terrigenous matter. | Specimens of the genus |
| Lithioperna | L. scutata L. spp. | Aganane Aghbalou N'Kerdous Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Assist Bernai Barda Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Tazoult Tizi Isli Tizi Nehassa Tizi n'Tizint | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Plicatostylidae. A large bivalve with specimens up to 70 cm. This genus was founded to be a bivalve with a juvenile byssate stage that developed different lifestyles in adulthood depending on the density of individuals and the firmness of the bottom. | Lithioperna |
| Lucina | L. spp. | Assemsouk Tizi n'Tizint | Isolated Shells | A saltwater/brackish bivalve of the family Lucinidae. Linked with intertidal settings | Specimen of the genus |
| Megalodon? | M.? sp. | Assemsouk | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Megalodontidae | Specimens of the genus |
| Modiolus | M. tirolensis M. cf. hillana | Ait Athmane | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Mytilidae | Example of extant specimen |
| Nanogyra | N. sp. | Ait Athmane | Isolated Shells | A saltwater/brackish bivalve of the family Gryphaeidae | |
| Opisoma | O. menchikoffi O. excavatum O. spp. | Ait Athmane Aghbalou N'Kerdous Assemsouk Barda Bou Dahar Chaaba Touila Grand Pic de l'Ouarsenis Jbel Choucht Tazoult Tizi Nehassa Tizi n'Tizint | Isolated Shells | A saltwater/brackish bivalve of the family Astartidae. Is considered a genus that evolved from shallow burrowing ancestors, secondarily becoming an edge-lying semi-fauna adapted to photosymbiosis. | |
| Pachygervillia | P. anguillaensis | Aganane Aghbalou N'Kerdous Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Jbel Tarkeddid | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Plicatostylidae. | Pachygervillia |
| Pachyrisma | P. crassa P. spp. | Aganane Aghbalou N'Kerdous Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Pachyrismatidae | |
| Pecten | P. juhanus P. spp. | Ait Athmane Assemsouk Tizi n'Tizint | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Pectinidae | Example of extant specimen |
| Pholadomya | P. scutata | Assemsouk | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Pholadomyidae | Specimens of the genus |
| Plagiostoma | P. gigantea | Ait Athmane | Isolated Shells | A saltwater/brackish bivalve of the family Limidae | Specimens of P. gigantea |
| Protodiceras | P. pumilum P. spp. | Aganane Aghbalou N'Kerdous Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Asmir Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Pachyrismatidae | |
| Pseudopachymytilus | P. sp. | Aghbalou N'Kerdous Ait Athmane | Isolated Shells | A saltwater bivalve of the family Myalinidae. | |

### Gastropoda

| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Ceritella | C. (Fibula) spp. | Tizi Nehassa | Isolated Shells | A saltwater gastropod of the family Ceritellidae | |
| Nerinea | N. spp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Tazergount Jbel Tarkeddid | Isolated Shells | A saltwater gastropod of the family Nerineidae. | Specimen of the genus |
| Pseudonerinea | P. terebra P. spp. | Aït-Abbès Tazergount | Isolated Shells | A saltwater gastropod of the family Nerineidae | |
| Scurria | S. spp. | Assemsouk | Isolated Shells | A saltwater gastropod of the family Nerineidae. "Scurria" was found in the Assemsouk structure on a "Cochlearites" valve and a shallow ovoid excavation, similar to the resting trace of a limpet, was found inside a transported "Lithiotis". | Specimens of the genus |

### Ammonites

| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Arieticeras | A. ceratitoïdes A. cf. algovianum | Aït Blal Aït-Abbès | Isolated Shells | An ammonite of the family Hildoceratidae. Arieticeras cf. algovianum is indicative of the Middle Domerian (Upper Pliensbachian) in the upper zone | Example of Arieticeras specimens |
| Fontanelliceras | F. sp. | Zawyat Ahançal | Isolated Shells | An ammonite of the family Hildoceratidae | |
| Fuciniceras | F. confungens F. lavinianum F. ambiguum F. cf.cornacaldense F. sp. | Aït-Haceïne Almou-n'Tarzekt S d'Ouaouizarthe | Isolated Shells | An ammonite of the family Hildoceratidae | |
| Galaticeras | G. aegoceroides | S d'Ouaouizarthe | Isolated Shells | An ammonite of the family Lytoceratidae | |
| Lioceratoides | L. sp. | Tillouguit | Isolated Shells | An ammonite of the family Hildoceratidae | |
| Protogrammoceras | P. contrarium P. marianii P. (Argutarpites) praeexeratus P. (Argutarpites) pectinatus | Aït-Haceïne S d'Ouaouizarthe Tillouguit | Isolated Shells | An ammonite of the family Hildoceratidae | |
| Proamaltheus | P. sp. | Moulay Yacoub | Isolated Shells | An ammonite of the family Amaltheinae | Example of Proamaltheus (Amaltheus) specimen |
| Reynesoceras | R. ragazzonii | Aït-Haceïne | Isolated Shells | An ammonite of the family Dactylioceratidae | |

### Annelida

| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Material | Habitat | Notes | Images |
| Serpulidae | Indeterminate | Aganane Aït-Abbès Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid | Isolated or accumulated tubes | Marine or Lagoonal | A sessile Annelid of the family Serpulidae. | Example of modern Serpulid Tube |

### Crustacea

| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Favreina | F. salevensis F. spp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Assemsouk Jbel Tarkeddid | Coprolites | Decapodan fossil coprolites, assigned to the ichnofamily Favreinidae. Referred to Axiidea-like burrowing crustaceans | Extant Axiidean |
| Parafavreina | P. thoronetensis P. spp. | Aganane Aït-Abbès Ait Athmane Aït Blal Assemsouk Jbel Tarkeddid | Coprolites | Decapodan fossil coprolites, assigned to the ichnofamily Favreinidae. Referred to Axiidea-like burrowing crustaceans | Extant Axiidean |

## Dinosauria
### Theropoda

| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Carmelopodus? | C?. isp. | Ibaqualiwn Tabant | Footprints | Incertae sedis within Neotheropoda, maybe ceratosaur tracks. Includes the large tracks. | The footprints of Carmelopodus belong to a genus with a pes similar to Ceratosaurus, yet does not implicate is a member of the family or a relative |
| "Carnosauria" | Indeterminate | Ait Bou Oulli Assif-n-Sremt Ibaqualiwn Talsnant Tabant Tizi Asdremt Tizi-n-Aït Imi | Footprints | incertae sedis within Theropoda. 64 footprints of medium to large (30-55 cm) theropods referred as "Morphotype 3", some with resemblance to Allosauroid pes (Megalosauripus? ispp.). | The footprints of Megalosauripus belong to a genus with a pes similar to Allosaurus, yet does not implicate is a member of the family or a relative |
| Coelurosaurichnus | C. (Argoides?) isp. C. (Dromaeosauripus?) isp. C. ispp. | Aït Blal | Footprints | Member of the ichnofamily Grallatoridae, incertae sedis within Theropoda. Up to 96 tracks of small theropods, referred originally to "Morphotype 1", and usually attributed to dinosaurs similar to Coelophysidae and Dilophosaurus. Includes didactyl, tridactyl and tetradactyl tracks, as well as pathologic trackways with evidence of limping. Has been suggested to be tracks from tridactyl taxa under different conditions. | An example of Coelurosaurichnus (Grallator) track |
| Eubrontes | E. isp. Cf.E. isp. | Aït Blal Akourbi Iskatafene Ansous Ibaqalliwn Issil-n-Aït Arbi Tabant Tizi-n-Aït Imi Waougoulzat Wanechki | Footprints | Type member of the ichnofamily Eubrontidae, incertae sedis inside Theropoda. Eubrontes is usually related to the genus Dilophosaurus, representing basal Neotheropods. The local record include up to 208 tracks, referred as "Morphotype 2". | An example of Eubrontes track |
| Theropoda | Indeterminate | Akourbi Aït Blal Ansous Ibaqualiwn Iba Ziz Issil-n-Aït Arbi Tabant Sidi Moussa Waougoulzat | Footprints | Incertae sedis Theropod footprints | |

### Sauropodomorpha

| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Breviparopus | B. isp. | Ahbak | Footprints | Incertae sedis within Sauropoda. Includes traces with pes similar to Diplodocoidea, but also others that resemble basal sauropods. | The footprints of Breviparopus may have belong to a genus with a similar pes to that of Haplocanthosaurus, yet it doesn't mean they were made by a Neosauropod |
| Liujianpus | L. (Lavinipes?) isp. Aff.L.? isp. | Assif-n-Sremt Ibaqalliwn Tabant | Footprints | Incertae sedis within Sauropodomorpha. Described as the "Morphotype 1" Includes traces with pes similar to those of basal quadrupedal forms like Blikanasaurus or Melanorosauridae. Referred to quadrupedal taxa such as Gongxianosaurus. Alternatively, the tracks, or some of them, can belong to the ichnogenus Lavinipes. | |
| Otozoum | O. moodii O. isp. | Ibaqalliwn Issil-n-Aït Arbi Timit | Footprints | Type member of the ichnofamily Otozoidae, incertae sedis within Sauropodomorpha. Cuadrupedal or semibipedal, includes a gigantic 84 or 75 cm track that represents the largest Otozoum ever described in the literature. | The local Footprints of Otozoum may have belonged to a genus similar to that of Ledumahadi |
| Parabrontopodus | P. ispp. Aff.P. isp. | Aguer-n-Ouzrou Aguerd Ansous Ibaqalliwn Tabant Tigharguenine Tizi-n-Aït Waougoulzat | Footprints | Typical member of the ichnofamily Parabrontopodidae, incertae sedis within Sauropoda. Includes tracks with pes similar to those of Vulcanodon, Rhoetosaurus, Barapasaurus or Eusauropoda. Tracks referred to the stegosaurian ichnogenus Deltapodus? locally are actually of sauropod origin, likely "Parabrontopodid", probably a new ichnogenus. | The Footprints of Parabrontopodus may have belonged to a genus similar to that of Vulcanodon |
| Pseudotetrasauropus | P. isp. | Issil-n-Aït Arbi | Footprints | Incertae sedis within Sauropodomorpha. Referred to semibipedal sauropodomorphs, like Kholumolumo. | The prints of Pseudotetrasauropus may have belonged to a genus similar to that of Leonerasaurus |
| Sauropodomorpha | Indeterminate | An Assif-n-Sremt Jbel Azourki Ibaqalliwn Iba'ziz Issil-n-Aït Arbi Tabant Tizi-n-Aït Tigharguenine Timit | Footprints | Incertae sedis Sauropodomorph footprints. | |
| Sauropoda | Indeterminate | Ahbak Ait Waggown Ansous Tizi-n-Aït Tabant Timit Iba'ziz Tigharguenine Waougoulzat | Footprints | Incertae sedis Sauropod footprints. | |

### Thyreophora

| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Deltapodus? | D.? isp. | Ansous | Footprints | Tracks referred to the stegosaurian ichnogenus Deltapodus? locally can also be of sauropod origin. | |
| Luluichnus? | Aff.L. mueckei | Ibaqalliwn Jbel Azourki Tabant Tizi-n-Aït | Footprints | Incertae sedis, suggested to be quadrupedal Thyreophorans with Stegosaurian-alike pes | |
| Tetrapodosaurus? | Aff.T. borealis | Ibaqalliwn Jbel Azourki Tabant Tizi-n-Aït | Footprints | Incertae sedis, suggested to be quadrupedal Thyreophorans with Ankylosauria-alike pes. Similar tracks have been reported from the Rotzo Formation and referred to Scelidosaurus. | The prints of Tetrapodosaurus? may have belonged to a genus similar to that of Scelidosaurus |

## Chlorophyta/Rhodophyta

| Genus | Species | Stratigraphic position | Material | Notes | Images |
| Acicularia | A. sp. | Jbel Choucht | Calcareous Imprints | A Green alga of the Dasycladaceae family. | Acicularia specimens |
| Boueina | B. hochstetteri B. spp. | Aganane Aït Blal Assist Bernai Barda Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Tazoult Wazzant | Calcareous Imprints | A Green alga of the Halimedaceae or Udoteaceae family. | Example of Bouenia specimens |
| Cayeuxia | C. liasica C. spp. | Aganane Aït Blal Assif Oum Assist Bernai Chaaba Touila Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Tizi Nehassa Wazzant | Calcareous Imprints | A Green alga of the Halimedaceae or Udoteaceae family. | Extant Udotea. Cayeuxia usually preserves in similar shapes |
| Cylindroporella | C. sp. | Tazoult | Calcareous Imprints | A Green alga of the Dasycladaceae family. | |
| Fanesella | F. dolomitica | Ait Athmane | Calcareous Imprints | A Green alga of the Dasycladaceae family. | |
| Paleodasycladus | P. elongatus P. fragilis P. mediterraneus P. anae P. spp. | Aganane Aït Blal Ait Athmane Assemsouk Assif Oum Assist Bernai Chaaba Touila Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Asmir Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Ibaqalliwn Tazoult Wazzant | Calcareous Imprints | A Green alga of the Dasycladaceae family. | Palaeocladus mediterraneus specimens |
| Permocalculus | P. sp. | Barda Jbel Choucht Tazoult | Calcareous Imprints | A Red alga of the Gymnocodiaceae family. | |
| Pseudolithocodium | P. sp. | Aganane Aït Blal Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Wazzant | Calcareous Imprints | A Green alga, likely a member of the Ulotrichales group. Has been compared with the extant genus Gomontia | |
| Pycnoporidium | P. sp. | Aït-Abbès | Calcareous Imprints | A Red Alga of the family Solenoporaceae | |
| Sestrosphera | S. liasina | Aganane Aït Blal Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Wazzant | Calcareous Imprints | A Green alga alga of the Triploporellaceae family. This genus is the most common algal type found in the Biozone A (Lituosepta recoarensis). | |
| Solenopora | S. liasica S. spp. | Aganane Aït Blal Assist Bernai Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Wazzant | Calcareous Imprints | A Red Alga of the family Solenoporaceae | Example of Solenopora specimens agreggation |
| Terquemella | T. spp. | Tizi Isli | Calcareous Imprints | A Green alga of the Bornetellaceae family. | |
| Thaumatoporella | T. parvovesiculifera T. spp. | Aganane Aït Blal Assist Bernai Barda Gorges du Tisakht Jbel Choucht Jbel Rhat Jbel Tarahalt Jbel Tarkeddid Tizi Isli Tizi Nehassa Tazoult Wazzant | Calcareous Imprints | A Green alga of the Thaumatoporellales group | |

## Photo Gallery

* Desiccation cracks in a dolomitized limestone bench, emersive cycle top of the Lagoon
* Ammonites and belemnites displaced on the supratidal plain ("teepee") by a storm wave or a tidal current
* Storm breach at the top of a metric regressive sequence.
* Vadose pisoliths and "birdseyes" in coastal carbonate sand, emergent; outer shelf.
* Aerial, supratidal (vadose) diagenesis in a carbonate sand with foraminifera displaced by tidal currents and storm waves on the shelf.
* Thin layer: calcretes (calcareous crusts) reworked in a gravelly coastal sediment, partly dolomitized.
* Stalactite cement at the top of a "keystone vug" typical of diagenesis in a vadose environment, at the top of an emersive cycle (L=0.3 mm).
* Calcretes (calcareous crust) and "birdseyes" in a gravelly coastal sediment.
* Diagenetic structure in "teepee" on the supratidal plain, formed by the increase in volume of the sediment following the crystallization of carbonates (dolomite).
* Hurricane Breccia, with dolomitic matrix. Top of emersive cycle