# List of locomotives in China

This is a list of current and retired locomotives in the People's Republic of China.

## Steam locomotives

The first steam locomotive in China is thought to be a 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) gauge 0-4-0T engine used on the Shanghai-Wusong railway. Towards the end of the 19th century concessions obtained from the Qing dynasty enabled foreign powers (Germany, Russia, France and Great Britain) to build railways in China, and they introduced a variety of foreign-built machines. Later Japan gained control over Manchuria as a result of the Treaty of Portsmouth following the Russo-Japanese War and created the South Manchuria Railway from their acquisitions - resulting in Japanese as well as American locomotives being imported into the north-east of China.
After the end of the Second World War China came back under indigenous rule. Locomotives were imported from both the United States and Russia as well as other Communist bloc countries.
Production of steam locomotives continued into the late 20th century. However, steam motive power was supplanted by diesel and electric locomotives as early as the 1950s. The Chinese rail network has been increasingly electrified in the twentieth century.

### Standard gauge

| Model | Wheel arr. | Build year | Builder | Number built | Original operator | Original class | Notes |
| AM1 | 4-4-0 | 1907 | ALCo | 4 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Amei class | |
| AM2 | 4-4-0 | 1879 | Baldwin | >6 | Beijing–Harbin Railway | PMR Class 40 | |
| AM3 | 4-4-0 | 1929 | ALCo | 26 | Huning Railway | Huning Railway Class 400 | |
| AM4 | 4-4-0 | 1908 | North British | | | | |
| DB1 | 2-6-4T | 1907 | ALCo | >65 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Dabui class | |
| DB2 | 2-6-4T | 1934 | Hitachi, Kisha Seizō | | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Dabuni class | |
| DB3 | 2-6-4T | 1906 | Baldwin | 4 | Jingsui Railway | | |
| DB4 | 2-6-4ST | 1892 | Dübs & Company | | Peking−Mukden Railway | PMR Class 20 | |
| DB5 | 2-6-4T | 1911 | Kitson & Company | | | | |
| DK1 | 2-10-0 | 1919 | ALCo (26x), Shahekou (36x) | 62 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Dekai class | |
| DK2 | 2-10-0 | 1915 | ALCo, Baldwin | 60 | Chinese Eastern Railway | CER class Е$^ф$, Е$^с$, Е$^л$ | 44 to CER; 16 supplied from USSR to China after 1949. |
| DK3 | 2-10-0 | 1937 | Shahekou, Kisha Seizō | 7 | Longhai Railway | Longhai Railway Class 600 | |
| DK4 | 2-10-0 | 1936 | Kisha Seizō, Hitachi | | Tongpu Railway | Tongpu Railway Class 350 | Originally metre gauge, some converted to standard gauge in 1947. |
| DK5 | 2-10-0 | 1958 | UCM Reșița | 40 | Căile Ferate Române | CFR Class 150 | |
| ET1 | 0-8-0 | 1919 | ALCo | | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Etoi class | |
| ET2 (Henschel) | 0-8-0 | 1912 | Henschel | | Xiaoyong Railway | | |
| ET2 (Russian) | 0-8-0 | 1901 | Bryansk, Kharkov | 33 | Chinese Eastern Ry | CER Class О$^д$ | 33 to CER; at least 13 converted to standard gauge between 1935 and 1945 by the MNR, 13 of these became China Railways ET2 after 1949. |
| ET3 | 0-8-0 | | Japan | | Jiaoji Railway | | Retired 1955. |
| ET4 | 0-8-0 | 1905 | Henschel | | Jiaoji Railway | | Retired 1955. |
| ET5 | 0-8-0 | 1936 | North British | | | | |
| ET6 | 0-8-0 | 1936~1938 | North British | | Yuehan Railway | Yuehan Railway Class 500 | |
| ET7 | 0-8-0T | 1959 | Fablok | 90 | China Railway | CR Class ET7 | Similar to the Polish TKP T2D Silesia locomotives, for industrial use, not used on the main network |
| FD | 2-10-2 | 1930s | Voroshilovgrad | 1054 (to China) | Soviet Railways | SZhD Class FD | Converted to standard gauge (1958-) from Soviet FD class locomotives |
| FN1 | 0-6-2T | 1900 | Borsig | >8 | Jiaoji Railway | Jiaoji Railway Class 10 | Forney locomotive |
| FN2 | 0-6-2T | 1897 | Baldwin | >7 | Peking-Mukden Railway | PMR Class 40 | Forney locomotive |
| GJ | 0-6-0T | 1958−1961 | Chengdu, Taiyuan | 122 | China Railways | CR Class GJ | Shunters and industrial locomotives. |
| HS | 4-6-4T | | Nasmyth Wilson | | | | |
| JF1 | 2-8-2 | 1918−1960 | ALCo, Kawasaki, Kisha Seizō, Nippon Sharyō, Hitachi, Shahekou, Dalian Machine, Sifang, Qiqihar, Taiyuan | 2083 | South Manchuria Railway, Manchukuo National Railway, North China Transport, Central China Railway, China Railways | SMR Mikai & Mikako class MNR Mika & Mikana class NCTC Mikai class CCR Class KD100 CR Class JF1 | |
| JF2 | 2-8-2 | 1924−1932 | ALCo, Kawasaki, Kisha Seizō, Shahekou | 41 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Mikani class | |
| JF3 | 2-8-2 | 1927−1930 | Škoda | 19 | Qike Railway, Huhai Railway, Sitao Railway | | |
| JF4 | 2-8-2 | 1935 | Kawasaki (11x), Kisha Seizō (4x) | 15 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Mikashi class | |
| JF5 | 2-8-2 | 1923−1928 | Kawasaki | | North China Transport | NCTC Mikako class | |
| JF6 | 2-8-2 | 1934−1959 | Kawasaki, Hitachi, Shahekou, Kisha Seizō, Nippon Sharyō, Shenyang, Dalian Machine | ~475 | South Manchuria Railway, Manchukuo National Railway, North China Transport, China Railways | SMR Mikasa & Mikaro class MNR Mikaro class NCTC Mikaro class CR Class JF6 | |
| JF7 | 2-8-2 | 1913−1924 | North British/Tangshan | 24 | Peking−Mukden Railway | PMR Class 200 | |
| JF8 | 2-8-2 | 1935 | Škoda | >7 | Huainan Railway | Huainan Railway Class 300 | |
| JF9 | 2-8-2 | 1943−1944 | Kisha Seizō, Hitachi, Nippon Sharyō | 38 | Central China Railway | CCR Mikasa class | |
| JF10 | 2-8-2 | 1935 | ALCo, Baldwin, Lima | 30 | USATC | USATC Class S200 | |
| JF11 | 2-8-2 | 1918–1937 | ALCo, Baldwin | 70 | Jinpu Railway, Zhegan Railway | Jinpu Railway Class MK | |
| JF12 | 2-8-2 | 1922 | ALCo | 46 | Jingsui Railway | Jingsui Railway Class 300 | |
| JF13 | 2-8-2 | 1939 | Škoda | | North China Transport | NCTC Mikaha class | |
| JF15 | 2-8-2 | 1928−1929 | ALCo | 6 | Jihai Railway | | |
| JF16 | 2-8-2 | 1922 | Kawasaki, Kisha Seizō | 17 | Jichang Jidun Railway, Central China Railway | JJR Class 500 JNR Class D50 | |
| JF17 | 2-8-2 | 1931 | Hudswell Clarke, Shahekou | >4 | Jiaoji Railway | Jiaoji Railway Class 600 | |
| JF18 | 2-8-2 | 1914 | ALCo | >14 | Manchukuo National Railway | MNR Mikai class | |
| JF21 | 2-8-2 | 1937 | ALCo | | Yuehan Railway | | |
| JS | 2-8-2 | 1957−1965, 1981−1988 | Dalian, Qishuyan, Datong, 7.2 Works | 1916 | China Railways | CR Class JS | |
| KD1 | 2-8-0 | 1907−1908 | ALCo | 41 | South Manchuria Railway, Manchukuo National Railway | SMR Sorii class MNR Sorina class | |
| KD2 | 2-8-0 | 1925 | Tubize | 8 | ? | | |
| KD2 | 2-8-0 | 1935−1936 | SACM | ? | Longhai Railway | | |
| KD3 | 2-8-0 | 1910 | Beyer, Peacock & Company | 40 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Sorisa class | |
| KD4 | 2-8-0 | | ? North British | 18 3 | Huning Railway Shenhai Railway | | ROD 2-8-0, 18 bought by Huning Railway in 1919, 3 bought by Shenhai Railway in 1926. |
| KD5 | 2-8-0 | 1913−1941 | Kawasaki, Kisha Seizō, JNR Ogura Works | 251 | North China Transport (150x) Central China Railway (101x) | NCTC Soriko class CCR Soriro class | Standard gauge version of JNR Class 9600. |
| KD6 | 2-8-0 | 1942–1946 | ALCo, Baldwin, Lima | 40 (to China) | USATC | USATC Class S160 | Postwar aid to China from UNRRA. |
| KD7 | 2-8-0 | 1946–1947 | ALCo, Baldwin, Lima | 160 (to China) | | | Postwar aid from UNRRA, same as Belgian Type 29. |
| KD8 | 2-8-0 | 1943 | | 22 (to China) | Kowloon–Canton Railway, Yuehan Railway | | |
| KD9 | 2-8-0 | 1919−1941 | ALCo (18x), Baldwin (10x), Kawasaki (4x) | 32 | | | |
| KD10 | 2-8-0 | 1905−1913 | ALCo, Baldwin, Pennsylvania Railroad Altoona Works | 30 (to China) | Pennsylvania Railroad | PRR Class H6sb | Bought second-hand by South Manchuria Railway and Manchukuo National Railway in 1938. |
| KD11 | 2-8-0 | 1907 | Baldwin | 20 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Sorini class | |
| KD12 | 2-8-0 | 1920 | Baldwin | 16 | Peking−Mukden Railway | | |
| KD13 | 2-8-0 | | France | 10 | | | |
| KD14 | 2-8-0 | 1917 | ALCo | 17 | Jinghan Railway | | |
| KD20 | 2-8-0 | | | | | | |
| KD21 | 2-8-0 | | United States | | | | |
| KD22 | 2-8-0 | 1906−1907 | ALCo | | | | |
| KD23 | 2-8-0 | 1906 | ALCo | 2 | Boston & Maine | | Bought from the factory by Mantetsu. |
| KD24 | 2-8-0 | 1916 | ALCo | | | | Retired 1955. |
| KD25 | 2-8-0 | | | | | | |
| KF | 4-8-4 | 1935−1936 | Vulcan Foundry | 24 | Yuehan Railway | | |
| LD1 | 4-4-4T | 1936 | Kawasaki | 2 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Dabusa class | |
| MG1 | 2-6-0 | 1908–1909 | North British/Tangshan | 10 | Jingsui Railway | | |
| MG1 | 2-6-0 | 1909 | | | Jinpu Railway | | |
| MG1 | 2-6-0 | 1910 | | 12x | Jinpu Railway | | |
| MG2 | 2-6-0 | 1897−1899 | Baldwin | 12 | Peking−Mukden Railway | PMR Class 60 | |
| MG3 | 2-6-0 | 1900–1903 | Dübs/North British/Tangshan | 33 | Peking−Mukden Railway | PMR Class 90 | Retired 1955. |
| MG3 | 2-6-0 | 1914−1916 | North British/Tangshan | 22 | Peking−Mukden Railway | | Retired 1955. |
| MG4 | 2-6-0 | 1919–1920 | North British/Tangshan | 4 | Peking−Mukden Railway | | Retired 1975. |
| MG4 | 2-6-0 | 1923−1928 | North British/Tangshan | 7 | Peking−Mukden Railway | | Retired 1975. |
| MG5 | 2-6-0 | 1902−1905 | Fives-Lille | 37 | Jinghan Railway | | |
| MG6 | 2-6-0 | 1901 | Fives-Lille | >3 | Jinghan Railway | Jinghan Railway Class 100 | |
| MG7 | 2-6-0 | 1910−1911 | Hanomag (6x), Humboldt (14x) | 20 | Jinpu Railway | Jinpu Railway Class 30 | |
| MG8 | 2-6-0 | 1916−1919 | Vulcan Iron Works | 15 | Longhai Railway | | |
| MG9 | 2-6-0 | 1901 | Baldwin | | Jinghan Railway | Jinghan Railway Class 90 | Retired 1951. |
| MG10 | 2-6-0 | 1909 | North British | | Kowloon–Canton Railway | CKR Class A | |
| MG11 | 2-6-0 | | | | | | |
| MG12 | 2-6-0 | | | | | | |
| MG13 | 2-6-0 | 1900−1903 | Rogers | 6 | Jinghan Railway | | |
| MG21 | 2-6-0 | 1927 | Baldwin | | Xinning Railway | | |
| MG26 | 2-6-0 | 1913−1918 | ALCo | 2 | Daoqing Railway | | |
| MG33 | 2-6-0 | 1921 | North British/Tangshan | 1 | Shenhai Railway | Shenhai Railway 51 | |
| MG33 | 2-6-0 | 1927 | Baldwin | 4 | Shenhai Railway | Shenhai Railway 52−55 | Retired 1955. |
| MG33 | 2-6-0 | 1911 | North British/Tangshan | 6 | Jichang Railway | Jichang Class 100 | |
| ML1 | 0-6-6-0 | 1908 | North British | 4 | Jingsui Railway | Jingsui Railway Class 20 | |
| ML2 | 2-4-4-2 | 1911 | Baldwin | 4 | Jingsui Railway | Jingsui Railway Class 70 | |
| ML3 | 2-8-8-2 | 1914 | ALCo | 7 | Jingsui Railway | Jingsui Railway Class 90 | |
| ML4 | 2-8-8-2 | 1921 | ALCo | 7 | Jingsui Railway | Jingsui Railway Class 200 | |
| MT1 | 4-8-2 | 1936 | Kawasaki, Hitachi | 7 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Matei class | |
| MT2 | 4-8-2 | | Baldwin | | Yuehan Railway | | |
| PL1 | 2-6-2 | 1908 | ALCo | 35 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Purei class | |
| PL2 | 2-6-2 | 1935 | Nippon Sharyō | 20 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Pureni class | |
| PL3 | 2-6-2T | 1928 | | 18 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Puresa class | Same as Sentetsu Purena class. |
| PL4 | 2-6-2 | 1919 | Baldwin | 1 | Jinghan Railway | | |
| PL4 | 2-6-2 | 1913−1922 | North British/Tangshan | 3 | Peking−Mukden Railway | | |
| PL5 | 2-6-2 (6x) 2-6-2T (10x) | 1887–1914 | Dübs/North British | 16 | Peking−Mukden Railway | | |
| PL5 | 2-6-2ST | | North British | 2 | Jingsui Railway | | |
| PL6 | 2-6-2T | 1891−1896 1915–1925 | North British ? | 17 12 | | | |
| PL7 | 2-6-2 | 1921 | Baldwin | | Jingsui Railway | | Retired 1955. |
| PL8 | 2-6-2 | 1911 | Baldwin | | Jingsui Railway | | Retired 1955. |
| PL9 | 2-6-2 | 1920−1923 | Société Franco-Belge | 40 | Jinghan Railway | | PL9-146 on display at the China Railway Museum is the only Belgian-made locomotive to survive in China. |
| PL9 | 2-6-2 | 1936 | Škoda | >2 | Jinghan Railway | Jinghan Railway Class 20 | |
| PL9 | 2-6-2 | 1920−1922 | Lima | 10 | | | |
| PL10 | 2-6-2 | 1914 | Tubize | 5 | Longhai Railway | Longhai Railway Class 50 | |
| PL11 | 2-6-2 | 1909 | Baldwin | | Jingsui Railway | | Retired 1955. |
| PL12 | 2-6-2T | 1923−1927 | North British/Tangshan | | Peking−Mukden Railway | | Retired 1955. |
| PL13 | 2-6-2 | 1914 | Baldwin | >4 | Peking−Mukden Railway | PMR Class 150 | Retired 1955. |
| PL14 | 2-6-2T | 1891–1896 | North British | | Peking−Mukden Railway | | Retired 1955. |
| PL20 | 2-6-2T | 1914 | Hanomag | >3 | Jinpu Railway | Jinpu Railway Class 200 | |
| PL21 | 2-6-2 | 1940 | Orenstein & Koppel | | | | At Harbin in 1950s. |
| QJ | 2-10-2 | 1956−1988 | Dalian, Tangshan, Shenyang, Mudanjiang, Changchun, Datong | 4708 | China Railways | CR Class HP | |
| RA | 2+2+2 | 1909−1912 | Lima | 6 | Jingsui Railway | Jingsui Railway Class 25 | 3-truck (Class C) Shay locomotive. |
| RM | 4-6-2 | 1958−1966 | Sifang | 258 | China Railways | CR Class RM | |
| SL1 | 4-6-2 | | ALCo | 20 | Jingsui Railway | | |
| SL2 | 4-6-2 | 1916, 1921 | Shahekou | 6 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Pashini class | |
| SL3 | 4-6-2 | 1934−1940 | Hitachi, Kisha Seizō | 96 | South Manchuria Railway Manchukuo National Railway North China Transport | SMR Pashisa class MNR Pashishi class NCTC Pashisa class | 88 to China Railways, 8 to Korean State Railway |
| SL4 | 4-6-2 | 1919 1921 | Baldwin Shahekou | 6 23 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Pashisa & Pashiha class SMR Pashishi class | |
| SL5 | 4-6-2 | 1927−1928 | Shahekou | 11 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Pashiko class | |
| SL6 | 4-6-2 | 1933−1958 | Kawasaki, Kisha Seizō, Hitachi, Shahekou, Nippon Sharyō, Sifang | 422 | South Manchuria Railway Manchukuo Nat'l Ry North China Transport Central China Railway | SMR Pashiro class MNR Pashiku class NCTC Pashiro class CCR Class KC100 | |
| SL7 | 4-6-2 | 1934, 1936 | Kawasaki, Shahekou | 12 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Pashina class | |
| SL8 | 4-6-2 | 1937−1940 | Hitachi, Shahekou | 17 | South Manchuria Railway Manchukuo National Railway | SMR/MNR Pashiha class | |
| SL9 | 4-6-2 | 1939 (regauged) | JNR Hamamatsu, Kisha Seizō | 16 (to China) | Central China Railway | CCR Class C51 | Japanese class C51 converted to standard gauge in 1939. |
| SL10 | 4-6-2 | 1921−1925 | Baldwin | 10 | Peking−Mukden Railway | | |
| SL11 | 4-6-2 | 1908 | ALCo | 7 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Pashii class | |
| SL12 | 4-6-2 | 1942−1943 | Kawasaki | 10 | Central China Railway | CCR Pashishi class | Same as Sentetsu Pashishi class |
| SL13 | 4-6-2 | 1937 | Cockerill | 18 | Longhai Railway | Longhai Railway Class 500 | |
| SL14 | 4-6-2 | 1933 | North British | 8 | Jinpu Railway | | |
| SL15 | 4-6-2 | 1921 | ALCo | 12 | Jinpu Railway | | |
| SL16 | 4-6-2 | 1930 | North British | 4 | Jinghu Railway | Jinghu Railway Class G50 | |
| SL17 | 4-6-2 | 1929 | Shahekou | 4 | Sitao | | |
| SL20 | 4-6-2 | 1921−1924 | ALCo, Kisha Seizō | 10 | Shantung Railway | Shantung Railway Class 400 | |
| ST1 | 2-10-2T | 1929 1930 | Škoda (6x) Kawasaki (1x) | 7 | Chinese Eastern Railway | CER Class Ь 4001−4007 | Converted to standard gauge around 1940. |
| ST2 | 2-10-2 | 1935 | Krupp | | Jinpu Railway | | Similar to DRG Class 45. |
| ST3 | 2-10-2 | 1937 | Tubize | 1 | Longhai Railway | | |
| SY | 2-8-2 | 1960−1999 | Tangshan | 1820 | China Railways | CR Class SY | Last steam locomotives manufactured for revenue service in the world. |
| TH1 | 4-6-0 | 1908 1912 | ALCo | 17 5 | South Manchuria Railway | SMR Tehoi class SMR Tehoni class | Image is of 1908 variant. |
| TH2 | 4-6-0 | 1910−1911 1901−1905 | Vulcan Stettin | 6 17 | Jiaoji Railway | Jiaoji Railway Class 70 Jiaoji Railway Class ? | |
| TH3 | 4-6-0 | 1910–1919 | North British/Tangshan | 10 | Peking−Mukden Railway | PMR Class 110 | Rebuilt with superheaters in late 1930s; retired 1955. |
| TH4 | 4-6-0 | 1913 | Schwartzkopff | 5 | Jiaoji Railway | Jiaoji Railway Class 300 | Retired 1955. |
| TH5 | 4-6-0 | 1910−1913 | Henschel, Hanomag | | | | Retired 1975. |
| TH6 | 4-6-0 | 1913 | Tubize? | 10 | Jinghan Railway | | |
| TH7 | 4-6-0 | 1904−1907 | France | 32 | Jinghan Railway | Jinghan Railway Class 200 | |
| TH7 | 4-6-0 | 1909 | France | 10 | Longhai Railway | | |
| TH8 | 4-6-0 | | United States | | | | |
| TH9 | 4-6-0 | 1910 | Hawthorn Leslie | 12 | Jinpu Railway | | |
| TH10 | 4-6-0 | 1906 | ALCo | 4 | Chicago Southern RR | | |
| TH11 | 4-6-0 | 1902−1903 | Bryansk (40x), Kharkov (45x) | 85 (for CER) | Chinese Eastern Railway | CER class Г, Г$^ч$ | Some rebuilt with superheaters (Г$^ч$); 24 converted to standard gauge in late 1930s - these became CR TH11. |
| TH12 | 4-6-0 | | | | | | |
| TH13 | 4-6-0 | 1931 | Kitson & Company | | Kowloon–Canton Railway | | Retired 1955. |
| TH14 | 4-6-0 | | | | | | |
| TH15 | 4-6-0 | | | | | | |
| TH16 | 4-6-0 | | | | | | |
| TH17 | 4-6-0 | | | | | | |
| TH18 | 4-6-0 | | | | | | |
| TW1 | 4-8-0 | | | | | | |
| XH | 0-8-0 | 1960−1961 | Changchun, Mudanjiang | 48 | China Railways | CR Class XH | |
| XK1 | 0-8-0 | 1898 | Baldwin Kolomna | 27 ? | Chinese Eastern Railway | CER Class Ь$^а$ CER Class Ь$^к$ | |
| XK2 | 0-6-0T | 1942–1944 | Davenport, H.K. Porter, Vulcan (USA) | 20 (to China) | USATC | USATC Class S100 | Supplied to Zhegan Railway as aid. |
| XK3 | 0-6-0 | 1883-1899 | Swindon Works | 22-26 (to China) | | GWR 2301 Class | |
| XK4 | 0-6-0 | | | | | | |
| XK5 | 0-6-0T | 1901 | Cockerill | | Jinghan Railway | Jinghan Railway Class 60 | |
| XK6 | 0-6-0T | ~1880 | Belgium | | | | Same as Belgian Type 51. |
| XK7 | 0-6-0 | | | | | | |
| XK8 | 0-6-0 | | | | | | |
| XK9 | 0-6-0T | | France | | Zhengtai Railway | Zhengtai Railway Class 10 | |
| XK10 | 0-6-0 | | | | | | |
| XK11 | 0-6-0 | | | | | | |
| XK12 | 0-6-0 | | | | | | |
| XK13 | 0-6-0T | 1958−1960 | Fablok | | | | Fablok TKh49 |
| XK14 | 0-6-0T | | Germany | | | | |
| YJ | 2-6-2 | 1958−1961 | Jinan (120x), Tangshan (80x) | 200 | China Railways | CR Class YJ | |

### Narrow gauge

| Model | Wheel arr. | Build year | Builder | Number built | Original operator | Original class | Notes |
| C2 | 0-8-0 | 1952−1988 | Shijiazhuang, Mudanjiang, Harbin, Dunhua | | China Railways | CR Class C2 | Copy of Russian class Pt-4. |
| DK51 | 2-10-0 | 1936 | Hitachi | | Tongpu Ry | Tongpu Ry Class 350 | 1000 mm. Some converted to standard gauge (DK4) |
| DK51 | 2-10-0 | 1937 | Henschel | | Tongpu Ry | Tongpu Ry Class 300 | 1000 mm. Retired 1990. |
| FN51 | 0-6-2T | 1906 | Fives-Lille | 30 | Zhengtai Ry | Zhengtai Ry Class 100 | 1067 mm. Forney locomotive. |
| JF51 | 2-8-2ST | 1913−1926 | France | 28 | Yunnan Ry | | |
| KD51 | 2-8-0 | 1937−1938 (regauged) | ALCo | 26 (for China) | North China Transport | NCTC SoriA class | JNR class 9050 converted to metre gauge. |
| KD52 | 2-8-0 | 1939 | SLM | | Yunnan Ry | Yunnan Ry | |
| KD55 | 2-8-0 | 1921 | Kawasaki | 54 | Yunnan Ry | | 1000 mm version of class KD5. |
| MG51 | 2-6-0 | 1934−1935 | Henschel | >2 | Tongpu Ry | Tongpu Ry Class 110 | 1000 mm. |
| MG52 | 2-6-0 | 1908 | ALCo | 1 | Tongpu Ry | Tongpu Ry Class 100 | 1000 mm. |
| PL51 | 2-6-2T | 1938−1939 (regauged) | Kawasaki | | North China Transport | NCTC PureA class | JNR class C12 converted to metre gauge; some sent to Vietnam in 1956. |
| PL52 | 2-6-2 | 1923, 1927 | Kawasaki | | | | |
| RJ | 0-4-0 | 1959−1965 | Chengdu | 70 | China Railways | CR Class RJ | 762 mm. |
| SN | 0-10-0 | 1924-1929 | Baldwin | 16 | Gebishi Railway | | 600 mm. Retired 1990. |
| TH55 | 4-6-0 | | France | | Yunnan Ry | | |
| XK51 (1) | 0-6-0 | | Barclay | | Tongpu Ry | | |
| XK51 (2) | 0-6-0 | | Vulcan | | Tongpu Ry | | |
| YC | 2-6-2 | 1965−1970 | Dalian | 67 | China Railways | CR Class YC | Developed for Vietnam Railways |

## Diesel locomotives
### Diesel-hydraulic transmission

Diesel-hydraulic locomotives type descriptions are prefixed either by the roman initials DFH (Diesel fuel, hydraulic) or NY (neiran yeli chuandong 内燃液力传动 meaning internal combustion - hydraulic transmission). From the initials of the acronym DFH is derived from their phonetic sound the Chinese name "Dongfang Hong" meaning "Red East", matching the anthem of Communist China: "The East is Red" at the time of their introduction, as well as the well known observation of Chairman Mao Zedong that 'the east is red'. Usually DFH is used for internally produced locomotives and NY for imported or prototype machines.

#### Chinese made

| Model | Build year | Top speed (In maximum) (km/h) | Power output (kW) | Builder | Total production |
| prototype NY1 "Weixing" | 1959 | 140 | 1060 | Sifang | 4 |
| DFH1 | 1964–1973 | 120(140) | 1220(1060) | Sifang | 102 |
| prototype NY2 "Flying Dragon", (Chinese: 飞龙) | 1960 | 100 | 1470 (Diesel engine output) | Dalian | 1 |
| DFH2 | 1971 - 1975 | 62 | 650 | Ziyang | 50 |
| DFH3 | 1971–1989 | 120 | 1440 | Sifang | 268 |
| DFH4 | 1969 | 160 | 3675 | Sifang | 1 |
| DFH4 | 1971–1974 | 140 | 3309 | Qishuyan | 2 |
| DFH4 | 1975–1981 | 100 | 3309 | Ziyang | 3 |
| DFH5 | 1976–1988 | 80 | 790 | Ziyang Sifang | 480~ |
| DFH5B (3000系) | 1973-1988 | 80 | 920 | Ziyang | ~20 |
| DFH5C (4000系) | 1973-1988 | 80 | 920 | Ziyang | 6 |
| DFH6 | 1981 | 90 | 1470 | Ziyang | 1 |
| DFH7 | 1988–1991 | 80 | 790 | Ziyang | 15 |
| DFH21 (narrow gauge) | 1977–1984 | 50 | 810 | Sifang | 104 |
| Beijing 6001 | 1970 | 100 | 4412 (Diesel engine output) | Beijing Feb. 7th | 1 |
| Beijing | 1971–1990 | 120 | 2206 | Beijing Feb. 7th | 361 |
| Beijing (coupling of double loco) | 1986–1990 | 120 | 2×2206 | Beijing Feb. 7th | 2×6 |

#### Imported

| Model | Build year | Top speed (In maximum) (km/h) | Power output (kW) | Builder | Total production |
| NY5 | 1967 | passenger: 160 freight: 120 | 2940 | Henschel, West Germany | 4 |
| NY6 | 1972 | 108 | 3160 | Henschel, West Germany | 10 |
| NY7 | 1972 | 113 | 3680 | Henschel, West Germany | 20 |

### Diesel-electric transmission
#### Chinese made

The Dongfeng (DF) (Chinese: 东风) series of diesel-electric locomotives is the most important in Chinese rail transport. The Dongfeng 4 (DF4) is by far the most common locomotive to be seen on Chinese rails.
| Model (Former name) | Build year | Transmission | Top speed (In maximum) (km/h) | Power output (kW) | Builder (Family) | Total production |
| JianShe (Chinese: 建设) | 1958 | DC - DC | 85 | 441 (Diesel engine output) | Beijing Feb. 7th | 1 |
| XianXing (Chinese: 先行) | 1958–1959 | DC - DC | 125 | 1471 | Qishuyan | 47 |
| JuLong (Chinese: 巨龙) | 1958 | | | | Dalian | 1 |
| DF (Chinese: 东风) | 1964–1974 | DC - DC | 100 | 1500 | Dalian Qishuyan Chengdu Datong | 706 |
| DF2 (ND2) | 1964–1974 | DC - DC | 95 | 650 | Qishuyan | 148 |
| DF3 | 1972–1974 | DC - DC | 120 | 1050 | Dalian | 226 |
| DF4 | 1969–1985 | AC - DC | 100(freight) 120(passenger) | 1920 | Dalian | 843 |
| DF4B | 1985–present | AC - DC | 100(freight) 120(passenger) | 1985 | Dalian Ziyang Datong Sifang | ≥4500 |
| DF4C | 1985-1999 | AC - DC | 100 | 2165 | Dalian Ziyang Datong Sifang | 838 |
| DF4CK | 1999 | AC - DC | 160 | 2165 | Ziyang | 2 |
| DF4D(K) (speedup version) | 1996－1999 | AC - DC | 145 | 2425 | Dalian | 580 |
| DF4D(H) $_{(freightversion)}$ | 1998－present | AC - DC | 100 | 2425 | Dalian | 206 |
| DF4D(Z) $_{(sub-highspeedversion)}$ | 1999－2007 | AC - DC | 170 | 2425 | Dalian | 333 |
| DF4D(7000 Series) (Radial bogie freight type) | 2000-2003 | AC - DC | 100 | 2425 | Dalian | 21 |
| DF4DJ (DF4DAC) | 2000 | AC - DC - AC | 145 | 2510 | Dalian Siemens, Germany | 2 |
| DF4DF | 1999–2004 | AC - DC | 120 | 2425 | Dalian | 31 |
| DF4DD (road switcher version) | 1999–2004 | AC - DC | 80 | 3180 | Dalian | 230 |
| DF4E | 1995–1997 | AC - DC | 100 | 4860 (2×2430) | Sifang | 16 |
| DF5 | 1976 - 2006 | AC - DC | 80 | 1213 | Tangshan Sifang | 1014 |
| DF5G | 2001 — 2006 | AC - DC | 100 | 1213 | Sifang | 132 |
| DF5B | 1976-2006 | AC - DC | 100 | 1500 | Dalian | 36 |
| DF5BG | 1976-2006 | AC - DC | 100 | 1500 | Dalian | ? |
| DF5C | 1994–1998 1998-2006 | AC - DC | 100 | 1320 2000 (Diesel engine output) | Sifang | ? |
| DF5D | 1999 - 2006 | AC - DC | 80 | 1200 | Dalian | 180 |
| DF6 | 1989 | AC - DC | 118 | 2425 | Dalian GE, United States | 4 |
| DF7 | 1982–1990 | AC - DC | 100 | 1470 | Beijing Feb. 7th | 295 |
| DF7B | 1990-1998 | AC - DC | 100 | 1840 | Beijing Feb. 7th | 215 |
| DF7C | 1991–2001 | AC - DC | 100 | 1840/1470 | Beijing Feb. 7th | 289 |
| DF7D | 1995–1998 | AC - DC | 100 | 1500 (Diesel engine output) | Beijing Feb. 7th | 214 |
| DF7E | 1998 | AC - DC | 100 | 2000 (Diesel engine output) | Beijing Feb. 7th | 2 |
| DF7F | 2000 | AC - DC | 100 | 2650 (Diesel engine output) | Beijing Feb. 7th | ? |
| DF7G | 2003–present | AC - DC | 100 | 2200 (Diesel engine output) | Beijing Feb. 7th Sifang Qishuyan | 347 |
| DF7J | 2004 | AC - DC - AC | 100 | 2200 (Diesel engine output) | Beijing Feb. 7th | 1 |
| DF8 | 1984–1990 | AC - DC | 100 | 3310 | Qishuyan | 141 |
| DF8B | 1997–present | AC - DC | 100 | 3100 | Qishuyan Ziyang | 1013 |
| DF8BJ "West Light" (Chinese: 西部之光) | 2002 | AC - DC - AC | 120 | 4000 | Ziyang | 1 |
| DF8CJ "Sunlight" (Chinese: 霞光) | 2002 | AC - DC - AC | 120 | 3650 | Qishuyan | 3 |
| DF8DJ (DF8B 5672) | 2003 | AC - DC - AC | 120 | 3350 | Ziyang | 1 |
| DF9 | 1991 | AC - DC | 170 | 3040 | Qishuyan | 2 |
| DF10 | 1988 | AC - DC | 100 | 2×1600 | Dalian | 1 |
| DF10D | 1992 | AC - DC | 120 | 2×1600 | Dalian | 1 |
| DF10DD | 2003–present | AC - DC | 100 | 2200 (Diesel engine output) | Dalian | 262 |
| DF10F | 1996–1998 | AC - DC | 160 | 2×2200 (Diesel engine output) | Dalian | 6 |
| DF11 | 1992–2005 | AC - DC | 170 | 3040 | Qishuyan | 460 |
| DF11G | 2003－present | AC - DC | 170 | 6080 (2×3040) | Qishuyan | 79 |
| DF11Z | 2002 | AC - DC | 160 | 6080 (2×3040) | Qishuyan | 6 |
| DF12 | 1997–2001 | AC - DC | 100 | 1990 | Ziyang | ? |
| DF21 (narrow gauge) | ? | AC - DC | 60 | 1500 (Diesel engine output) | Sifang | 11 |
| NJ1 | 1999 | AC - DC - AC | 80 | 1320 (Diesel engine output) | Sifang | 3 |
| HXN3B "Harmony" | 2012–present | AC - DC - AC | 100 | 3500 | EMD, United States Dalian | ≥160 |
| HXN3K "Harmony" | 2016–present | AC - DC - AC | 160 | | Dalian | |
| HXN5B "Harmony" | 2012–present | AC - DC - AC | 100 | 3530 | Qishuyan | ≥160 |
| HXN5K "Harmony" | 2016–present | AC - DC - AC | 160 | | Qishuyan | |
| HXN6 "Harmony" | 2016–present | AC - DC - AC | | | Ziyang | |
| Sources ||||||||

#### Imported

| Model | Build year | Transmission | Top speed (maximum) (km/h) | Power output (kW) | Builder (Family) | Total production |
| ND1 | 1958;1965 | DC - DC | 80 | 440 | Hungary Ganz (Hungarian State Railways Class M44) | 26 |
| ND2 | 1972–1987 | DC - DC | 120 | 1280 | Electroputere, Romania Craiova (CFR 060DA) | 284 |
| ND3 | 1985 | DC - DC | 100 | 1540 | Electroputere, Romania Craiova | 88 |
| ND4 | 1973–1975 | AC - DC | 100 | 2150 | Alstom, France | 50 |
| ND5 | 1984－1986 | AC - DC | 118 | 2550 | GE, United States (GE C36-7) | 422 |
| NJ2 | 2005–2006 | AC - DC - AC | 120 | 3800 | GE, United States | 78 |
| HXN3 "Harmony" | 2008–present | AC - DC - AC | 120 | 4700 | EMD, United States Dalian | 332 |
| HXN5 "Harmony" | 2008–present | AC - DC - AC | 120 | 4660 | GE, United States Qishuyan | 700 |

## Electric locomotives
### AC-DC transmission
#### Shaoshan (SS) (Chinese: 韶山) series

| Model | Build year | Top speed (maximum) (km/h) | Power output (kW) | Builder | Total production |
| SS1 (6Y1) | 1958–1988 | 90 | 3780 | Zhuzhou | 826 |
| SS2 | 1969 | 100 | 4440 | Zhuzhou | 1 |
| SS3 | 1978–1993 | 100 | 4320 | Zhuzhou Ziyang Datong | 677 |
| SS3(4000) | 1992–2006 | 100 | 4320 | Zhuzhou Ziyang Datong Taiyuan | 733 |
| SS3B (coupling of double loco) | 2002–2009 | 100 | 2×4320 | Zhuzhou Ziyang Datong | 333 |
| SS3C | 2008 | 100 | 2×4800 | Taiyuan | 1 |
| SS4 | 1985–2003 | 100 | 2×3200 | Zhuzhou | 158 |
| SS4G | 1993–2007 | 100 | 2×3200 | Zhuzhou Ziyang Dalian Datong | 1347 |
| SS4B | 1995–2006 | 100 | 2×3200 | Zhuzhou | 130 |
| SS4C | 1997 | 100 | 2×3200 | Zhuzhou | 2 |
| SS5 | 1990 | 140 | 3200 | Zhuzhou | 2 |
| SS6 | 1991 | 100 | 4800 | Zhuzhou | 53 |
| SS6B | 1992—2002 | 100 | 4800 | Zhuzhou | 201 |
| SS7 | 1992–2007 | 100 | 4800 | Datong | 113 |
| SS7B | 1997 | 100 | 4800 | Datong | 2 |
| SS7C | 1998–2006 | 120 | 4800 | Datong | 171 |
| SS7D | 1999–2002 | 170 | 4800 | Datong | 59 |
| SS7E | 2001–2006 | 170 | 4800 | Datong Dalian | 146 |
| SS8 | 1994–2001 | 170 | 3600 | Zhuzhou | 245 |
| SS9 | 1998–2002 | 170 | 4800 | Zhuzhou | 43 |
| SS9G | 2002–2006 | 170 | 4800 | Zhuzhou | 171 |

#### Imported

| Model | Build year | Top speed (maximum) (km/h) | Power output (kW) | Builder (Family) | Total production |
| 6Y2 | 1958–1961 | 101 | 4740 | Alstom, France (SNCF Class CC 7100) | 25 |
| 6G1 | 1971 | 120 | 5100 | Romania (CFR Class 40) | 2 |
| 6G | 1973 | 112 | 5400 | Alstom, France | 40 |
| 6K | 1986–1987 | 100 | 4800 | Kawasaki Heavy Industries, Japan (JNR Class EF66, JNR Class ED75) | 85 |
| 8G | 1987–1990 | 100 | 2×3200 | Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant, USSR (ВЛ80) | 100 |
| 8K | 1987 | 100 | 2×3200 | 50 Hz-Group: Alsthom, Siemens, BBC and others | 150 |

### AC-DC-AC transmission

Both post 2000 introductions of asynchronous AC motor driven locomotives and high speed trains based on technology transfer arrangements with other countries have been given the common name "Harmony" series. Ministry of Railways deputy chief engineer Zhang Shuguang explained that the name was to represent energy efficiency and good environmental credentials as well as indicating smooth running of complicated systems. Vehicles of the 'Harmony' series have an "H" in their type descriptions.
| Model | Build year | Top speed (In maximum) (km/h) | Power output (kW) | Builder (Family) | Total production |
| AC4000 | 1996 | 120 | 4000 | Zhuzhou | 1 |
| DJ "Jiufang" (Chinese: 九方) | 2000 | 200 | 4800 | Zhuzhou | 2 |
| DJ1 | 2000–2001 | 120 | 6400 | Siemens Zhuzhou | 20 |
| DJ2 "Olympic Stars" (Chinese: 奥星) | 2001 | 200 | 4800 | Zhuzhou | 3 |
| Tiansuo or "Sky Shuttle" (Chinese: 天梭) | 2003 | 200 | 4800 | Datong | 1 |
| HXD1 (DJ4) | 2006–2010 | 120 | 9600 (2×4800) | Siemens Zhuzhou | 220 |
| HXD1.1 | 2006–present | 120 | 9600 (2×4800) | Zhuzhou | ≥600 |
| HXD1.6 | 2006–present | 120 | 9600 (2×4800) | Ziyang | ≥80 |
| HXD1.7 | 2006–2012 | 120 | 9600 (2x4800) | Zhuzhou | 190 |
| HXD1.7 "Shenhua" | 2006–2012 | 120 | 9600 (2×4800) / 14400 (3×4800) | Zhuzhou | 8/2 |
| HXD1.7 "Shen 24" | 2020 | 120 | 28800 (6x4800) | Zhuzhou | 20 |
| HXD1B | 2009–2011 | 120 | 9600 | Siemens, Germany Zhuzhou | 650 |
| HXD1C | 2009–present | 120 | 7200 | Siemens, Germany Zhuzhou Ziyang | 1207 |
| HXD1D | 2012–present | 160 | 7200 | Zhuzhou | ≥600 |
| HXD1F | 2014 | 100 | 9600 (2×4800) | Zhuzhou | 2 |
| HXD1G | 2015–present | 210 | 11200(2×5600) | Zhuzhou | 2 |
| HXD2 (DJ4-6000) | 2006–2008 | 120 | 10000 (2×5000) | Alstom, France Datong | 180 |
| HXD2.1 | 2012–present | 120 | 10000 (2×5000) | Bombardier Datong | ≥280 |
| HXD2.6 | 2014–present | 120 | 10000 (2×5000) | Dalian | 40 |
| HXD2.7 | 2012–present | 120 | 10000 (2×5000) | Bombardier Datong | 50 |
| HXD2B | 2009–2011 | 120 | 9600 | Alstom Datong | 500 |
| HXD2C | 2010–2011 | 120 | 7200 | Datong | ≥220 |
| HXD2D | 2013–present | 160 | 7200 | Datong | 1 |
| HXD2F | 2014 | 100 | 9600 (2×4800) | Datong | 2 |
| HXD2G | 2015–present | 200 | 12800 (2×6400) | Datong | 1 |
| HXD3 (SSJ3, DJ3, SL1) | 2003–2010 | 120 | 7200 | Toshiba Dalian Datong Beijing Feb. 7th | 1080 |
| HXD3A | 2014 | 120 | 9600 (2×4800) | Bombardier Dalian | 2 |
| HXD3B | 2009–2011 | 120 | 9600 | Bombardier Dalian | 500 |
| HXD3C | 2010–present | 120 | 7200 | Bombardier Dalian | ≥1300 |
| HXD3D | 2012–present | 160 | 7200 | Dalian | ≥600 |
| HXD3G | 2015–present | 210 | 12800 (2×6400) | Dalian | 1 |
| FXD1H | 2023 | 100 | | Zhuzhou | 1 |

## Push-pull trainset power cars with locomotive classification

| Model | Type | Build year | Top speed (km/h) | Power output (kW) | Builder |
| FXD1-J | Electric | 2017–present | 160 | 5600 | Zhuzhou, Datong |
| FXD3-J | Electric | 2017–present | 160 | 5600 | Dalian |
| HXD1D-J | Electric | 2021 | 160 | 7200 | Zhuzhou |
| FXN3-J | Diesel | 2021 | 160 | 2×3200 | Dalian |
| FXN3-A-J | Diesel-battery | 2024–present | 160 | 3800 | Dalian |
| FXD1D-J | Electric | 2024–present | 200 | 7200 | |
| FXD3D-J | Electric | 2024–present | 200 | 7200 | |