OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sandy (Iranian music band)

Shahram Azar, also known as Sandy, is a singer, composer, arranger, and keyboard player. Before the Iranian Revolution, he collaborated with notable singers such as Betty, Shahrokh Shahid, and Nooshafarin. After the revolution, he worked closely with Ebi, arranging several songs and performing in concerts. Azar served as one of the four judges and main producers on the first two seasons of the talent show "Stage," aired on Manoto TV.

## Early life

Shahram Azar was born in 1957 in Abadan, Iran. In 1984, he emigrated to Germany. There, he continued his music career and founded the band Sandy in 1987. A few years later, he moved to the United States. Azar is married and has four children, including his son Khashayar, who is also a member of Sandy. Azar began singing in elementary school and later developed an interest in playing musical instruments during high school. He won several national competitions and, after the Iranian Revolution, faced challenges due to the banning of music. He eventually migrated to Germany and worked with a music company.

## Sandy Group

In 1987, Shahram Azar, along with Behzad Pishro, Reza Samiri, and Ahmad Abdollahi, formed the band Sandy in Frankfurt, Germany. The group's music blends pop lyrics with techno and Bandari influences. Sandy was one of the first bands to address social issues faced by Iranian youth, such as marriage, addiction, and immigration. They also pioneered Persian rap with songs like "Boro Baba" and "Pari." Azar's contributions to Sandy include singing, music composition, arranging songs, producing, and writing lyrics. He is also recognized as one of the best keyboard players in Iranian music history.

### Band Members:

Shahram Khosroshahi Azar: Lead singer, composer, arranger, producer, and lyricist.
Khashayar Khosroshahi Azar: Shahram's son, who started playing the keyboard at age five and officially joined Sandy in 2002.
Behzad Pishro: Began his music career in Abadan and collaborated with various artists before co-founding Sandy. He is an accomplished drummer and music producer.
Sam Sohrabi: Another member of Sandy, who migrated to Sweden during the Iran-Iraq war and later joined Sandy, contributing as a percussionist.

## Musical Influence and Style

Shahram Azar is known for his innovative fusion of Western and Southern Iranian music, which has influenced many artists. He is credited with introducing rap to Iranian music and addressing social issues through his lyrics. His song "Talagh" combines Bandari style with modern synthesizers, reflecting the cultural rhythms of Southern Iran.

## Discography

Studio albums
* 1993: Begoo Doostam Dari
* 1994: Dokhtar Haji Almas
* 1995: Ding Dang
* 1996: Cobra
* 1998: Top Singer (Khanandeh Top)
* 2000: Raghse Javona
* 2004: Tagh
* 2006: Sabok Sangin
* 2014: Station 7
* 2021: Album 22
# Miss Grace's Lane

Miss Grace's Lane (also known as Miss Grace's Lane Swallett), near Tidenham in the Forest of Dean, Gloucestershire, England, is a natural cave system, the entrance to which was excavated between 1994 and 1997 by members of the Royal Forest of Dean Caving Club (RFDCC).
Entry to the cave is via a locked manhole cover, the keys to which are held by the RFDCC, which has an access agreement with the landowners, the Forestry Commission. A 30-metre (98 ft) shaft with a fixed ladder gives access to the first chamber known as "Autumn Frenzy".
The cave is approximately 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) long and is the second-longest cave in the Forest of Dean area, the longest being Slaughter Stream Cave at 13 kilometres (8.1 mi).
# Priles

Priles may refer to:
* Príles, a section of Trenčianska Teplá, Slovakia
* Priles, Croatia, a village near Sveti Đurđ, Croatia
# 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group 7

The 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification UEFA Group 7 was a UEFA qualifying group for the 2010 FIFA World Cup. The group comprised France, Romania, Serbia, Lithuania, Austria and Faroe Islands.
The group was won by Serbia, who qualified for the 2010 FIFA World Cup. The runners-up France entered the UEFA play-off stage.

## Standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification | | | | | | |
| 1 | Serbia | 10 | 7 | 1 | 2 | 22 | 8 | +14 | 22 | Qualification to 2010 FIFA World Cup | — | 1–1 | 1–0 | 3–0 | 5–0 | 2–0 |
| 2 | France | 10 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 18 | 9 | +9 | 21 | Advance to second round | 2–1 | — | 3–1 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 5–0 |
| 3 | Austria | 10 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 14 | 15 | −1 | 14 | | 1–3 | 3–1 | — | 2–1 | 2–1 | 3–1 |
| 4 | Lithuania | 10 | 4 | 0 | 6 | 10 | 11 | −1 | 12 | | 2–1 | 0–1 | 2–0 | — | 0–1 | 1–0 |
| 5 | Romania | 10 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 12 | 18 | −6 | 12 | | 2–3 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 0–3 | — | 3–1 |
| 6 | Faroe Islands | 10 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 5 | 20 | −15 | 4 | | 0–2 | 0–1 | 1–1 | 2–1 | 0–1 | — |

## Matches

The representatives of the six federations met in Vienna, Austria on 8 December 2007 to decide on a fixture calendar. The August 2009 date in the international match calendar was moved forward by one week, from 19 August to 12 August, at the FIFA Executive Committee meeting in May 2008.

## Goalscorers

There were 81 goals scored in 30 matches, for an average of 2.7 goals per match.
6 goals
* Marc Janko
5 goals
* Milan Jovanović
4 goals
* André-Pierre Gignac
* Thierry Henry
* Tomas Danilevičius
3 goals
* Franck Ribéry
* Marius Stankevičius
* Branislav Ivanović
* Nikola Žigić
2 goals
* Erwin Hoffer
* Nicolas Anelka
* Karim Benzema
* Mindaugas Kalonas
* Gheorghe Bucur
* Ciprian Marica
* Miloš Krasić
* Nenad Milijaš
1 goal
* René Aufhauser
* Andreas Ivanschitz
* Stefan Maierhofer
* Franz Schiemer
* Martin Stranzl
* Roman Wallner
* Egil á Bø
* Arnbjørn Hansen
* Bogi Løkin
* Andreas Lava Olsen
* Suni Olsen
* William Gallas
* Sidney Govou
* Yoann Gourcuff
* Saulius Mikoliūnas
* Iulian Apostol
* Răzvan Cociş
* Dorin Goian
* Ionuţ Mazilu
* Florentin Petre
* Dorel Stoica
* Cristian Tănase
* Zdravko Kuzmanović
* Ivan Obradović
* Marko Pantelić
* Neven Subotić
* Zoran Tošić
1 own goal
* Jón Rói Jacobsen (against Serbia)
* Julien Escudé (against Romania)
* Dorel Stoica (against Serbia)

## Attendances

| Team | Highest | Lowest | Average |
| Austria | 48,000 | 12,300 | 29,100 |
| Faroe Islands | 2,974 | 805 | 2,053 |
| France | 79,543 | 16,755 | 61,127 |
| Lithuania | 8,700 | 2,000 | 5,210 |
| Romania | 15,000 | 7,505 | 12,461 |
| Serbia | 49,456 | 9,615 | 32,382 |
# NGC 4504

NGC 4504 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Virgo. The galaxy lies about 55 million light years away from Earth, which means, given its apparent dimensions, that NGC 4504 is approximately 70,000 light years across. It was discovered by William Herschel on March 20, 1789.
NGC 4504 has a point source nucleus embedded in a highly elliptical bulge. It is possible there is a small bar in the bulge. The galaxy has very low surface brightness arms emerging from the bulge. HII regions are visible in the disk, the largest of which are more than 3 arcseconds across. The star formation rate is estimated to be 0.45 M$_☉$ per year based on the H-alpha emission. The galaxy has a small bar 0.36 arcminutes long and a ring with a diameter 0.93 arcminutes. In the nucleus of the galaxy lies a nuclear star cluster which has a radius of 4 arcseconds.
NGC 4504 forms a pair with NGC 4487, which lies 35 arcminutes away. NGC 4504 is a member of the Messier 104 Group, which also includes the Sombrero Galaxy (M104), NGC 4487, UGCA 287, and UGCA 289. A. M. Garcia considers the galaxy part of the LGG 293 Group, in which are included the galaxies NGC 4487, NGC 4504, and NGC 4597. It is part of a Virgo II Groups, a chain of groups extending from the Virgo Cluster.

## Gallery

* NGC 4504 by Legacy Surveys
# Diede van Oorschot

Diede van Oorschot (born 11 December 2003) is a Dutch short track speed skater. She was part of the Dutch relay team at the 2024 European Championships that obtained a gold medal.

## Career

Van Oorschot won the Dutch National Junior title in 2019 and was selected for the Youth Olympic Games in 2020, obtaining a gold medal in the mixed team relay with an NOC team. In 2022 Van Oorschot won a bronze medal in the 1000 meter event at the World Junior Championships. Since 2023 she is part of the Dutch national team. She participated in the women´s relay team that obtained a gold medal in the 2024 European Championships and in the mixed relay team that won a silver medal in the 2025 European Championships.
# Magnetic-plasmonic bifunctional nanoparticles

Magnetic-plasmonic (bifunctional) nanoparticles (MP-NPs) consist of both optical (plasmonic) and magnetic components and thus, has the functionality of both of these components. These nanoparticles may take many different forms/shapes including dimer, core-shell, janus, nanorod/wire and nanostar. Typically, the magnetic components consists of iron oxide or nickel while the plasmonic component is oftentimes a metal like gold, silver or another plasmonic nanomaterial. Due to the combination of these two materials into a hybrid nanostructure, the material may be interacted with using either light or magnetic fields and so, are commonly used in biomedical applications that require optical sensing/imaging/heating, magnetic stimulation/manipulation, or both of these functionalities. An example utilizing both of these functionalities is that MP-NPs can attach to biological entities and separate them under an external magnetic field while simultaneously detecting their chemical nature via optical sensing. These dual functionalities are especially useful when studying tissues deep within tissue.

## Applications

Owing to their bifunctionality, magnetic-plasmonic nanoparticles can be used for a wide range of applications. For example, many of the applications of plasmonic nanoparticles including surface-enhance Raman scattering (SERS), dark-field microscopy, photothermal therapy, drug delivery, nanomedicine, chemotherapy and plasmonic solar cells. As well as applications of magnetic nanoparticles including magnetic hyperthermia, magnetic resonance imaging contrast agent, and in magnetic drug delivery. Moreover, a number of applications could potentially be carried out simultaneously such as magnetic/optical dual-modal imaging.
# Hybrid plasmonic waveguide

A hybrid plasmonic waveguide is an optical waveguide that achieves strong light confinement by coupling the light guided by a dielectric waveguide and a plasmonic waveguide. It is formed by separating a medium of high refractive index (usually silicon) from a metal surface (usually gold or silver) by a small gap.

## History

Dielectric waveguides use total internal reflection to confine light in a high index region. They can guide light over a long distance with very low loss, but their light confinement ability is limited by diffraction. Plasmonic waveguides, on the other hand, use surface plasmon to confine light near a metal surface. The light confinement ability of plasmonic waveguides is not limited by diffraction, and, as a result, they can confine light to very small volumes. However, these guides suffer significant propagation loss because of the presence of metal as part of the guiding structure. The aim of designing the hybrid plasmonic waveguide was to combine these two different wave guiding schemes and achieve high light confinement without suffering large loss. Many different variations of this structure have been proposed. Many other types of hybrid plasmonic waveguides have been proposed since then to improve light confinement ability or to reduce fabrication complexity.

## Principle of operation

The operation of the hybrid plasmonic waveguides can be explained using the concept of mode coupling. The most commonly used hybrid plasmonic waveguide consists of a silicon nanowire placed very near a metal surface and separated by a low index region. The silicon waveguide supports dielectric waveguide mode, which is mostly confined in silicon. The metal surface supports surface plasmon, which is confined near the metal surface. When these two structures are brought close to each other, the dielectric waveguide mode supported by the silicon nanowire couples to the surface plasmon mode supported by the metal surface. As a result of this mode coupling, light becomes highly confined in the region between the metal and the high index region (silicon nanowire).

## Applications

Hybrid plasmonic waveguide provides large confinement of light at a lower loss compared to many previously reported plasmonic waveguides. It is also compatible with silicon photonics technology, and can be integrated with silicon waveguides on the same chip. Similar to a slot-waveguide, it can also confine light in the low index medium. Combination of these attractive features has stimulated worldwide research activity on the application of this new guiding scheme. Some notable examples of such applications are compact lasers, electro optic modulators, biosensors, polarization control devices, and thermo-optic switches.
# 1891 Open Championship

The 1891 Open Championship was the 31st Open Championship, held 6 October at the Old Course at St Andrews, Fife, Scotland. Hugh Kirkaldy won by two strokes from his brother Andrew Kirkaldy and Willie Fernie. This was the last Open Championship contested in a single day over 36 holes. The 1892 Open was contested over 72 holes played on two successive days.
Entries closed on the Saturday before the event but a number of players entered on the Monday and "the committee declined to accept them". These late entries were later allowed to compete "under protest" but received no prize-money.
Hugh Kirkaldy had the best round of the morning. He three-putted the first two holes but still reached the turn in 39. Playing into a strong wind, he came back in 44 for a round of 83. He was closely followed by four players on 84. Willie More reached the turn in 40, coming back in 44. Andrew Kirkaldy had one of the better back nines of 43 to also score 84. The others on 84 were Fernie and Davie Grant, "one of the late entrants".
Rain fell heaving for most of the afternoon but the wind was slightly lighter. Hugh Kirkaldy had seven fours in an outward 38 but took five on every hole on the back nine to come home in 45, a round of 83 and a total of 166. More disappointed with an 87 was Andrew Kirkaldy who had reached the turn in 39 and still reached the 17th tee in a strong position. However he took six at the 17th and then missed a "longish putt" at the last which would have tied his brother. He eventually three-putted for another six. Fernie reached the turn in 42 but had an excellent 42 coming home to tie with Andrew Kirkaldy. None of the other players challenged Hugh Kirkaldy although the amateur Samuel Mure Fergusson had a three at the last to take fourth place.
The 1891 Open was the last time there was a play-off for prize money. Andrew Kirkaldy and Fernie played an 18 hole play-off on the following day. Kirkaldy won and took the second prize, Fernie taking third prize. "The day was beautifully fine, and the players had a large following".

## Final leaderboard

Tuesday, 6 October 1891
| Place | Player | Score | Money |
| 1 | Hugh Kirkaldy | 83-83=166 | £10 |
| T2 | Willie Fernie | 84-84=168 | Playoff |
| T2 | Andrew Kirkaldy | 84-84=168 | Playoff |
| 4 | Samuel Mure Fergusson (a) | 86-84=170 | − |
| 5 | Willie More | 84-87=171 | £4 |
| 6 | Willie Park Jr. | 88-85=173 | £2 |
| 7 | David Brown | 88-86=174 | − |
| T8 | William Auchterlonie (a) | 85-90=175 | − |
| T8 | Harold Hilton (a) | 89-86=175 | − |
| T10 | Ben Sayers | 91-85=176 | £1 |
| T10 | Tom Vardon | 89-87=176 | − |
Nineteen-year-old William Auchterlonie, the 1893 Champion, played as an amateur. David Brown and Tom Vardon entered late and received no prize money.

### Playoff

Wednesday, 7 October 1891
Andrew Kirkaldy beat Willie Fernie in an 18-hole play-off for the second and third prizes. Kirkaldy scored 85 and won £6, Fernie scored 87 and took home £5.
# 1893 Open Championship

The 1893 Open Championship was the 33rd Open Championship, held 31 August–1 September at Prestwick Golf Club in Prestwick, South Ayrshire, Scotland. William Auchterlonie won the Championship, two strokes ahead of the amateur Johnny Laidlay.
The entries includes 46 professionals and 26 amateurs. The weather on the first day was very wet, rain falling heavily all day. In his first Open Championship, J.H. Taylor made an immediate impact, leading after the first round with a score of 75. Auchterlonie was next after a 78. In the afternoon Taylor has a disappointing 89. At the end of the day Auchterlonie led on 159, three ahead of John Ball, James Kay, Hugh Kirkaldy, and Robert Simpson, all on 162. Sandy Herd and Laidlay were a further stroke behind.
Auchterlonie started his third round badly, taking six on the 1st hole and four at the short 2nd. However, he recovered well and took only 19 strokes for the final five holes to finish on 81 and a total 240. This was enough for him to retain the lead, but now by only one stroke from Herd, with Kay and Simpson only a shot further back and Laidlay three behind. Taylor disappointed again with an 86 to be 10 shots behind.
In the final round, Auchterlonie again took six at the 1st hole but finished with an 82 and a total of 322 to set a difficult target for his challengers. Laidlay seemed to have ruined his chances with a seven at the 3rd but he played well for the rest of round and finished just two behind Auchterlonie on 324. Herd started badly taking 15 on the first three holes. He reached the 17th needing seven on the last two holes to match Auchterlonie. His second shot to the 17th found a bunker and he eventually finished three strokes behind the winner. Auchterlonie won the gold Championship Medal valued at £10 and the £30 first prize. He was just 21 years old and remains the second youngest Open Championship winner after Tom Morris Jr.
In tieing for 6th place James Kay, long-term professional at Seaton Carew Golf Club, reached his second highest position in the 22 Open Championships in which he played. He also tied for 5th in 1892.

## First day leaderboard

Thursday, 31 August 1893
| Place | Player | Score |
| 1 | William Auchterlonie | 78-81=159 |
| T2 | John Ball (a) | 83-79=162 |
| T2 | James Kay | 81-81=162 |
| T2 | Hugh Kirkaldy | 83-79=162 |
| T2 | Robert Simpson | 81-81=162 |
| T6 | Sandy Herd | 82-81=163 |
| T6 | Johnny Laidlay (a) | 80-83=163 |
| 8 | J.H. Taylor | 75-89=164 |
| T9 | Andrew Kirkaldy | 85-82=167 |
| T9 | Jack White | 81-86=167 |

## Final leaderboard

Source:
Friday, 1 September 1893
| Place | Player | Score | Money |
| 1 | William Auchterlonie | 78-81-81-82=322 | £30 |
| 2 | Johnny Laidlay (a) | 80-83-80-81=324 | − |
| 3 | Sandy Herd | 82-81-78-84=325 | £20 |
| T4 | Andrew Kirkaldy | 85-82-82-77=326 | £8 10s |
| T4 | Hugh Kirkaldy | 83-79-82-82=326 | £8 10s |
| T6 | James Kay | 81-81-80-85=327 | £4 10s |
| T6 | Robert Simpson | 81-81-80-85=327 | £4 10s |
| T8 | John Ball (a) | 83-79-84-86=332 | − |
| T8 | Harold Hilton (a) | 88-81-82-81=332 | − |
| T10 | J.H. Taylor | 75-89-86-83=333 | £3 |
| T10 | Jack White | 81-86-80-86=333 | £3 |
# Miriam Schaer

Miriam Schaer (born 1956) is an American artist who creates artist books, and installations, prints, collage, photography, and video in relation to artists' books. She also is a teacher of the subject.

## Career

Miriam Schaer was born in Buffalo, New York. She did her B.F.A. at the University of the Arts, Philadelphia; the School of Visual Arts, New York; and Boston University; and her M.F.A. at the Transart Institute, Creative Practice, Plymouth University, Plymouth UK.
Schaer explores feminine, social and spiritual issues using books and different materials. Her work has been exhibited and cataloged internationally at venues including at the Brooklyn Public Library, the New Orleans Museum of Art, and the Brooklyn Museum of Art, In 2000, she had a Douglas Library Show at Rutgers University in New Brunswick NJ (the oldest continuously running exhibition showcasing women artists). In 2015, during a conference on "Motherhood and Creative Practice" at London's South Bank University, she exhibited her work in the accompanying exhibition Alternative Maternals. She is the recipient of many prestigious awards including The Soros Arts and Culture Grant, the New York Foundation for the Arts Fellowship, and received a Fulbright to the Republic of Georgia (2017). Her work is included in public collections such as the Yale University Art Museum, the Azerbaijan Museum, in Baku, Azerbaijan; the Tate Gallery, London, England, the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis and in Canada in the Robert McLaughlin Gallery, Oshawa. It has been mentioned in reviews in the New York Times and she is included in the Elizabeth A. Sackler Center for Feminist Art: Feminist Art Base. From 2009 to 2016, she was a senior lecturer at Columbia College Chicago Interdisciplinary Arts, in the Interdisciplinary MFA Program in Book and Paper and in 2006-2010 and 2022, she taught the "Art of the Book" at the Pratt Institute as an assistant professor where she is on the faculty.
# Amanda Mynhardt

Amanda Mynhardt (born 9 January 1986) is a South African netball player. She plays in the positions of GK and GD. She is currently captain of the South Africa national netball team and has competed in the 2010 Commonwealth Games in Delhi and the 2011 World Netball Championships in Singapore. She has also participated in the 2010 World Netball Series and the 2011 World Netball Series, both held in Liverpool, UK. In October 2012, she travelled with the Proteas to participate in the 2012 Netball Quad Series, and in November 2012 she was a member of the Proteas Fast5 team in the 2012 Fast5 Netball World Series where she won a bronze medal.
In 2012, she travelled to New Zealand to play club netball. She was selected into the North NPC team, where she was coached by ex-Silver Ferns coach Yvonne Willering.
# Indiana Lyons

Indiana Lyons are a basketball team based in Danville, Indiana. The team has been a member of the American Basketball Association since 2017.
In their sixth season, the Lyons captured the 2023 ABA championship, being declared co-champions with the Burning River Buckets.

## Season-by-season record

Overview of Indiana Lyons seasons :
| Season | W | L | Result | Playoffs |
| 2017–18 | 14 | 8 | 4th in North Central | Did not qualify |
| 2018–19 | 14 | 9 | 2nd in North Central | Did not qualify |
| 2019–20 | 19 | 4 | 1st in North Central | Playoffs cancelled due to COVID-19 |
| 2020–21 | 14 | 5 | 6th in ABA | Lost quarter-finals 134–120 (Fury) |
| 2021–22 | 16 | 7 | 8th in ABA | Did not qualify |
| 2022–23 | 19 | 6 | 1st in Mid-West | Won quarter-finals 121–107 (Aliens) Won semi-finals 80–77 (Clutch) Won ABA Championship |
| 2023–24 | 17 | 2 | 1st in Central Red | Won division semi-finals 111–103 (Aces) Won division finals 100–79 (Kings) Won region semi-finals 122–117 (Pitbulls) Lost region finals 80–102 (Fury) |
| 2024–25 | 20 | 6 | 2nd in Central Red | Won division semi-finals 124–87 (Legends) Lost division finals 115–116 (Aces) |
# Nieva District

Nieva District is one of three districts of the province Condorcanqui in Peru.