# Suphannabhum

Suphannabhum or Suvarnabhumi; later known as Suphan Buri (Thai: สุพรรณภูมิ or สุพรรณบุรี) was a Siamese city-state, that emerged in the early "Siam proper" which stretched from present-day west central Thailand to the north of the Kra Isthmus, with key historical sites at Uthong,$^{:4–6}$ Nakhon Pathom,$^{:140}$ Suphan Buri,$^{:40}$ and Ban Don Ta Phet [th]. The kingdom is referred to as Xiān in the Chinese records since 1349,$^{:40}$ but according to the archaeological evidence, it was speculated to have emerged around the mid-12th century.$^{:276–7}$
Suphannabhum became the center of Xiān, succeeding Phip Phli [th], no later than 1349, when Xiān was defeated by Luó hú (Lavo) and the tribute sent to China under the name of Xiānluó hú (Siam-Lavo or Ayutthaya Kingdom) was led by Xiān's King of Su-men-bang, in which Su-men-bang has been identified with Suphanburi.$^{:40}$ Since then, it was one of the states under the mandala confederatin of Ayutthaya Kingdom and was completely merged to the Ayutthaya in 1438.$^{:282}$ However, modern scholars suggest Xiān mentioned in the Chinese and Đại Việt sources since the 11th century potentially was Ayodhya, a polity that later known as the Ayutthaya Kingdom (Xiānluó hú or Xiānluó) in the mid-14th century.
Under the name of Xiānluó hú or Xiānluó, the state performed 41 tributary missions to the Chinese court during the Hongwu era, 33 in the name of Xiānluó hú and as Xiānluó for the remaining.$^{:40}$$^{:70}$ In the era of Ankorian king Jayavarman VII (r.1181–1218), an inscription called Prasat Phra Khan (จารึกปราสาทพระขรรค์) was made. Among others, the name Suvarnapura is mentioned, which has been identified with Suphanburi.

## History

According to the local legends, Suphannabhum is the succeeding state of an ancient port city of Mueang Uthong, which evolved into complex state societies around 300 C.E.$^{:300,302,306–307}$ Since the river leading to the sea was dried up in places, shallow, and consequently not navigable, and also due to some pandemics, Uthong lost its influence as the trading hub; the city was then abandoned around the 11th century and the people then moved to resettle in the present day Suphanburi.$^{:6,27–9}$ This timeline corresponds with that the Tambralinga's king Sujita seized Lavo and was said to conquer the Mons of the Menam Valley and the upper Malay peninsula in the 10th century,$^{:283}$$^{:16}$ the 9-year civil wars in the Angkor in the early 11th century, which led to the devastation of Lavo, as well as the Pagan invasion of Lavo around the mid-10th century.$^{:41}$$^{:4}$ All of these are probably the causes of the fall of Mueang Uthong.$^{:283}$$^{:41}$

### Dvaravati period: Suvarnabhumi

This region has been claimed to be the legendary Suvarnabhumi by several local scholars. Numerous ruins and artifacts from the Dvaravati period have been discovered around the area. However, contemporary documents from this period are sparse; the available material consists primarily of local chronicles and legends.$^{:12–3}$
Paul Wheatley suggests that the city-state of Chin Lin which was mentioned in the Chinese archives of the Liang dynasty as the state that was Fan Man, the Great King of Funan Kingdom, attempt to conquer in the 4th century CE, might be located in west central Thailand, since the word "Chin Lin" 金鄰/金邻 means "Land of Gold" or "Suvarnabhumi"; as mentioned in the archive, it was a state located approximately 2,000 li (800 kilometers) west of the Funan Kingdom, which corresponded to the area where is now central Thailand.$^{:116–117}$
According to the Northern Chronicle [th], the region's political center from the 9th to 12th centuries was located at the old Kanchanaburi city ruins but local legends suggest it was in the old town Nakhon Pathom (formerly known as Nakhon Chaisri),$^{:56–60}$ which has been speculated to be the center of Dvaravati.$^{:281}$ As per Chalerm Kanchanakam's calculations based on the text provided in the Yonok Chronicle [th], which states that Phraya Phan, the founder of Suphan Buri, ascended to rule Haripuñjaya in 913,$^{:530}$ it is estimated that Suphan Buri was founded around 877–883.
George Cœdès believed that Mueang Uthong was the center of the Dvaravati civilization.$^{:18}$

### Post-Dvaravati: Suphannabhum

After the end of the ancient maritime-oriented port era and the decline of Dvaravati, Suphannabhum then emerged around the mid-12th century following the prosperity of Lavo Kingdom and the Ankorian during the reign of Jayavarman VII and the influx of people from the north.$^{:276–7}$ This has been supported by several ancient ruins in the area that dates before the Ayutthaya period;$^{:4}$ two of them are the Ankorian Bayon style and the other two are the Indian Pala-Sena architects, which are also found in Lavo, Pagan, and Haripuñjaya.$^{:276–7}$ According to the Northern Chronicle [th], the city of Suphanburi existed before the mid-12 century since King Katae (กาแต), who was of the Mon's Pagan Saw Lu lineage and ruled Kanchanaburi (some versions say Nakhon Chaisri) from 1165 to 1205, ordered his relative to build a temple in Phanthumburi (พันธุมบุรี) and renamed the city to Songphanburi (สองพันบุรี; present-Suphanburi).$^{:60}$
Suphannabhum gradually controlled the economy of all Tha Chin Rivers and raised its power until being annexed to the Sukhothai Kingdom in 1283, as recorded in the Ram Khamhaeng Inscription. $^{:3}$ However, after the death of Sukhothai's Ram Khamhaeng in 1298, several tributary states of Sukhothai, which included Suphannabhum, began to break away rapidly. Via Royal intermarriage, Suphannabhum united with the eastern neighboring Lavo Kingdom, to establish a confederated polity seat in Ayodhya in 1351. Suphannabhum gained recognition in the mid-13th century when the state leaders named ‘Khun Laung Pao Ngouy’ (later Ayutthaya's Borommarachathirat I) and ‘Jao Nakhon In’ (later Ayutthaya's Intharacha) extended their political economy influence to Ayutthaya.$^{:272–3}$
In the early Ayutthaya period, Suphannabhum was ruled by the Ayutthaya's crown princes. It was demoted to the frontier city and was completely annexed to Ayutthaya in 1438.$^{:282}$ Since then, Suphannabhum has been completely restricted in terms of both economics and politics, particularly in terms of trade with China and establishing relations with other cities, because it was determined to have relations only with the capital, acting as a military base and producing tribute for the capital. These transformed Suphannabhum into an agricultural area to supply Ayutthaya for export.$^{:5–6}$
| Loe Thai □ Uthong□Baromaraja IPrincessLithai RamesuanThong LanSri ThephahuratIntharacha IPrincessLuethai RamrachaChao Sam PhrayaDeviSaileuthai TrailokPhaya RamBoromapan | Left chart shows the royal intermarriage between the Suphannabhum dynasty of Suphan Buri and the Uthong dynasty of Lavo Kingdom, which led to the formation of the Ayutthaya Kingdom.$^{:4–6}$ The close connection between the Suphannabhum dynasty and the Sukhothai dynasty has also been observed.  Uthong dynasty of Lavo  Suphannabhum dynasty of Suphanburi  Phra Ruang (Sukhothai) dynasty of Sukhothai |

## Suphannabhum clan origin

The origin of the Suphannabhum dynasty remains unclear. Previous scholars believed that the first king of the Ayutthaya Kingdom, later called by modern historians King Uthong, once ruled the city of Uthong,$^{:1,10}$ but the theory has been proven to be false.$^{:103}$ It was expected that Khun Laung Pho Ngouy, who was later known as the 3rd Ayutthaya' king Borommarachathirat I – the first king from Suphannabhum clan, might have lineage from Sukhothai as he married a princess in Sukhothai's Loe Thai and royal intermarriages between his descendants and the Sukhothai dynasty happened multiple times. Furthermore, political movements and architectural styles in Suphanburi during the Ayutthaya period demonstrate a tight relationship between these two dynasties. The kinship between the royal families of Suphanburi and Sukhothai probably existed for a long time, at least since the reign of the Sukhothai's king Ramkhamhaeng.
Local legends say Khun Laung Pho Ngouy is a descendant of Khun In (ขุนอิน), while the Ayutthaya Kingdom's 1st king, Uthong, is a descendant of Khun Kham Phong (ขุนคำผง) founder of Singhanavati's capital Yonok Nahaphan. Both Khun In and Khun Kham Phong are two of seven sons of Khun Borom, a legendary progenitor of the Southwestern Tai-speaking peoples. Simon de la Loubère's record, Du royaume de Siam, refers to the first Siamese king as a descendant of Chaiyasiri, son of a legendary King Phrom of the Singhanavati clan.
The early era of the Suphannabhum dynasty and its relations with other royal families in the lower Chao Phraya Valley from the 10th century to the formation of the Ayutthaya Kingdom is shown below.
Timeline and family tree of Thai monarchs in the lower Chao Phraya Valley from the 10th century to the formation of the Ayutthaya Kingdom :
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Invented Chula Sakarat | Invented Chula Sakarat | Invented Chula Sakarat | Invented Chula Sakarat | Invented Chula Sakarat | Invented Chula Sakarat | | | Kakapat/Sakkorndam (กากะพัตร/สักกรดำ)$^{:25}$ King of Takkasila (Ayodhyapura?) r. 566–638 | Kakapat/Sakkorndam (กากะพัตร/สักกรดำ)$^{:25}$ King of Takkasila (Ayodhyapura?) r. 566–638 | Kakapat/Sakkorndam (กากะพัตร/สักกรดำ)$^{:25}$ King of Takkasila (Ayodhyapura?) r. 566–638 | Kakapat/Sakkorndam (กากะพัตร/สักกรดำ)$^{:25}$ King of Takkasila (Ayodhyapura?) r. 566–638 |
| Ramaraj (รามราช) King of Ramburi (Ayodhyapura?) r. 648?–? | Ramaraj (รามราช) King of Ramburi (Ayodhyapura?) r. 648?–? | Ramaraj (รามราช) King of Ramburi (Ayodhyapura?) r. 648?–? | Ramaraj (รามราช) King of Ramburi (Ayodhyapura?) r. 648?–? | Ramaraj (รามราช) King of Ramburi (Ayodhyapura?) r. 648?–? | Ramaraj (รามราช) King of Ramburi (Ayodhyapura?) r. 648?–? | | | Camadevi (จามเทวี) Queen of Haripuñjaya r. 622–629 | Camadevi (จามเทวี) Queen of Haripuñjaya r. 622–629 | Camadevi (จามเทวี) Queen of Haripuñjaya r. 622–629 | Camadevi (จามเทวี) Queen of Haripuñjaya r. 622–629 | Camadevi (จามเทวี) Queen of Haripuñjaya r. 622–629 | Camadevi (จามเทวี) Queen of Haripuñjaya r. 622–629 | | | Kalavarnadishraj (กาฬวรรณดิศราช)$^{:25}$ King of Takkasila (Ayodhyapura?) r. 638–648 King of Lavo r. 648–700 | Kalavarnadishraj (กาฬวรรณดิศราช)$^{:25}$ King of Takkasila (Ayodhyapura?) r. 638–648 King of Lavo r. 648–700 | Kalavarnadishraj (กาฬวรรณดิศราช)$^{:25}$ King of Takkasila (Ayodhyapura?) r. 638–648 King of Lavo r. 648–700 | Kalavarnadishraj (กาฬวรรณดิศราช)$^{:25}$ King of Takkasila (Ayodhyapura?) r. 638–648 King of Lavo r. 648–700 | Kalavarnadishraj (กาฬวรรณดิศราช)$^{:25}$ King of Takkasila (Ayodhyapura?) r. 638–648 King of Lavo r. 648–700 | Kalavarnadishraj (กาฬวรรณดิศราช)$^{:25}$ King of Takkasila (Ayodhyapura?) r. 638–648 King of Lavo r. 648–700 | | | Founder of Lavo | Founder of Lavo | Founder of Lavo | Founder of Lavo | Founder of Lavo | Founder of Lavo |
| | | | | Continue to the Camadevi dynasty of Haripuñjaya | Continue to the Camadevi dynasty of Haripuñjaya | Continue to the Camadevi dynasty of Haripuñjaya | Continue to the Camadevi dynasty of Haripuñjaya | Continue to the Camadevi dynasty of Haripuñjaya | Continue to the Camadevi dynasty of Haripuñjaya | | | | | | | Several generations | Several generations | Several generations | Several generations | Several generations | Several generations | | | Continue to the Lavo dynasty of Lavo Kingdom | Continue to the Lavo dynasty of Lavo Kingdom | Continue to the Lavo dynasty of Lavo Kingdom | Continue to the Lavo dynasty of Lavo Kingdom | Continue to the Lavo dynasty of Lavo Kingdom | Continue to the Lavo dynasty of Lavo Kingdom | | | Fall of Ayodhyapura | Fall of Ayodhyapura | Fall of Ayodhyapura | Fall of Ayodhyapura | Fall of Ayodhyapura | Fall of Ayodhyapura | | | | | | | | |
| From Mueang Bang Than (บางทาน), Kamphaeng Phet$^{:30}$ | From Mueang Bang Than (บางทาน), Kamphaeng Phet$^{:30}$ | From Mueang Bang Than (บางทาน), Kamphaeng Phet$^{:30}$ | From Mueang Bang Than (บางทาน), Kamphaeng Phet$^{:30}$ | From Mueang Bang Than (บางทาน), Kamphaeng Phet$^{:30}$ | From Mueang Bang Than (บางทาน), Kamphaeng Phet$^{:30}$ | | | | | | | | | | | Uchitajakraphad (อุฉิฎฐกะจักรวรรดิ) r. ?–927/928 Later King of Haripuñjaya | Uchitajakraphad (อุฉิฎฐกะจักรวรรดิ) r. ?–927/928 Later King of Haripuñjaya | Uchitajakraphad (อุฉิฎฐกะจักรวรรดิ) r. ?–927/928 Later King of Haripuñjaya | Uchitajakraphad (อุฉิฎฐกะจักรวรรดิ) r. ?–927/928 Later King of Haripuñjaya | Uchitajakraphad (อุฉิฎฐกะจักรวรรดิ) r. ?–927/928 Later King of Haripuñjaya | Uchitajakraphad (อุฉิฎฐกะจักรวรรดิ) r. ?–927/928 Later King of Haripuñjaya | | | Continue to the Lavo dynasty of Haripuñjaya | Continue to the Lavo dynasty of Haripuñjaya | Continue to the Lavo dynasty of Haripuñjaya | Continue to the Lavo dynasty of Haripuñjaya | Continue to the Lavo dynasty of Haripuñjaya | Continue to the Lavo dynasty of Haripuñjaya | | | Kong กง$^{:55–59}$ r. 807–867 | Kong กง$^{:55–59}$ r. 807–867 | Kong กง$^{:55–59}$ r. 807–867 | Kong กง$^{:55–59}$ r. 807–867 | Kong กง$^{:55–59}$ r. 807–867 | Kong กง$^{:55–59}$ r. 807–867 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Maha Phutthasakorn (พระมหาพุทธสาคร) Founder of Mueang Wat Derm r. 934–964$^{:30}$ | Maha Phutthasakorn (พระมหาพุทธสาคร) Founder of Mueang Wat Derm r. 934–964$^{:30}$ | Maha Phutthasakorn (พระมหาพุทธสาคร) Founder of Mueang Wat Derm r. 934–964$^{:30}$ | Maha Phutthasakorn (พระมหาพุทธสาคร) Founder of Mueang Wat Derm r. 934–964$^{:30}$ | Maha Phutthasakorn (พระมหาพุทธสาคร) Founder of Mueang Wat Derm r. 934–964$^{:30}$ | Maha Phutthasakorn (พระมหาพุทธสาคร) Founder of Mueang Wat Derm r. 934–964$^{:30}$ | | | | | | | Tambralinga conquered of Lavo in 927/928, Lavo' king Uchitajakraphad fled to Haripuñjaya | Tambralinga conquered of Lavo in 927/928, Lavo' king Uchitajakraphad fled to Haripuñjaya | Tambralinga conquered of Lavo in 927/928, Lavo' king Uchitajakraphad fled to Haripuñjaya | Tambralinga conquered of Lavo in 927/928, Lavo' king Uchitajakraphad fled to Haripuñjaya | Tambralinga conquered of Lavo in 927/928, Lavo' king Uchitajakraphad fled to Haripuñjaya | Tambralinga conquered of Lavo in 927/928, Lavo' king Uchitajakraphad fled to Haripuñjaya | | | | | | | Phan พาน/พาลราช r. 867–916$^{:530}$ Also King of Haripuñjaya (r. 913–916)$^{:530}$ | Phan พาน/พาลราช r. 867–916$^{:530}$ Also King of Haripuñjaya (r. 913–916)$^{:530}$ | Phan พาน/พาลราช r. 867–916$^{:530}$ Also King of Haripuñjaya (r. 913–916)$^{:530}$ | Phan พาน/พาลราช r. 867–916$^{:530}$ Also King of Haripuñjaya (r. 913–916)$^{:530}$ | Phan พาน/พาลราช r. 867–916$^{:530}$ Also King of Haripuñjaya (r. 913–916)$^{:530}$ | Phan พาน/พาลราช r. 867–916$^{:530}$ Also King of Haripuñjaya (r. 913–916)$^{:530}$ | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Kottabong โคตรตะบอง Ruler of Mueang Wat Derm r. 964–983$^{:30–31}$ | Kottabong โคตรตะบอง Ruler of Mueang Wat Derm r. 964–983$^{:30–31}$ | Kottabong โคตรตะบอง Ruler of Mueang Wat Derm r. 964–983$^{:30–31}$ | Kottabong โคตรตะบอง Ruler of Mueang Wat Derm r. 964–983$^{:30–31}$ | Kottabong โคตรตะบอง Ruler of Mueang Wat Derm r. 964–983$^{:30–31}$ | Kottabong โคตรตะบอง Ruler of Mueang Wat Derm r. 964–983$^{:30–31}$ | | | | | | | Sujita (สุชิตราช/ชีวกะ/วรราช) King of Tambralinga (r. ?–1003?) King of Lavo (r. 927/928) | Sujita (สุชิตราช/ชีวกะ/วรราช) King of Tambralinga (r. ?–1003?) King of Lavo (r. 927/928) | Sujita (สุชิตราช/ชีวกะ/วรราช) King of Tambralinga (r. ?–1003?) King of Lavo (r. 927/928) | Sujita (สุชิตราช/ชีวกะ/วรราช) King of Tambralinga (r. ?–1003?) King of Lavo (r. 927/928) | Sujita (สุชิตราช/ชีวกะ/วรราช) King of Tambralinga (r. ?–1003?) King of Lavo (r. 927/928) | Sujita (สุชิตราช/ชีวกะ/วรราช) King of Tambralinga (r. ?–1003?) King of Lavo (r. 927/928) | Lavo led by Sujita seized Suphannabhum, Chadachota and Thamikaraj fled to Tak and Haripuñjaya.$^{:191}$ | Lavo led by Sujita seized Suphannabhum, Chadachota and Thamikaraj fled to Tak and Haripuñjaya.$^{:191}$ | Lavo led by Sujita seized Suphannabhum, Chadachota and Thamikaraj fled to Tak and Haripuñjaya.$^{:191}$ | Lavo led by Sujita seized Suphannabhum, Chadachota and Thamikaraj fled to Tak and Haripuñjaya.$^{:191}$ | Lavo led by Sujita seized Suphannabhum, Chadachota and Thamikaraj fled to Tak and Haripuñjaya.$^{:191}$ | Lavo led by Sujita seized Suphannabhum, Chadachota and Thamikaraj fled to Tak and Haripuñjaya.$^{:191}$ | Unknown$^{:191}$ Potentially, Phansa (พระพรรษา)$^{:59}$ r. 913–1003? or 916–1006? | Unknown$^{:191}$ Potentially, Phansa (พระพรรษา)$^{:59}$ r. 913–1003? or 916–1006? | Unknown$^{:191}$ Potentially, Phansa (พระพรรษา)$^{:59}$ r. 913–1003? or 916–1006? | Unknown$^{:191}$ Potentially, Phansa (พระพรรษา)$^{:59}$ r. 913–1003? or 916–1006? | Unknown$^{:191}$ Potentially, Phansa (พระพรรษา)$^{:59}$ r. 913–1003? or 916–1006? | Unknown$^{:191}$ Potentially, Phansa (พระพรรษา)$^{:59}$ r. 913–1003? or 916–1006? | Several generations | Several generations | Several generations | Several generations | Several generations | Several generations |
| Usurper | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Sinthapomarinthra Kraek (สินทพอมรินทร แกรก)$^{:65}$ Ruler of Mueang Wat Derm r. 983–1042 (59 yrs)$^{:33}$ | Sinthapomarinthra Kraek (สินทพอมรินทร แกรก)$^{:65}$ Ruler of Mueang Wat Derm r. 983–1042 (59 yrs)$^{:33}$ | Sinthapomarinthra Kraek (สินทพอมรินทร แกรก)$^{:65}$ Ruler of Mueang Wat Derm r. 983–1042 (59 yrs)$^{:33}$ | Sinthapomarinthra Kraek (สินทพอมรินทร แกรก)$^{:65}$ Ruler of Mueang Wat Derm r. 983–1042 (59 yrs)$^{:33}$ | Sinthapomarinthra Kraek (สินทพอมรินทร แกรก)$^{:65}$ Ruler of Mueang Wat Derm r. 983–1042 (59 yrs)$^{:33}$ | Sinthapomarinthra Kraek (สินทพอมรินทร แกรก)$^{:65}$ Ruler of Mueang Wat Derm r. 983–1042 (59 yrs)$^{:33}$ | | | Devastation of Lavo due to the 1002–1010 Angkorian Civil Wars | Devastation of Lavo due to the 1002–1010 Angkorian Civil Wars | Devastation of Lavo due to the 1002–1010 Angkorian Civil Wars | Devastation of Lavo due to the 1002–1010 Angkorian Civil Wars | Devastation of Lavo due to the 1002–1010 Angkorian Civil Wars | Devastation of Lavo due to the 1002–1010 Angkorian Civil Wars | | | Kampoch (กัมโพช) r. 927/928–? | Kampoch (กัมโพช) r. 927/928–? | Kampoch (กัมโพช) r. 927/928–? | Kampoch (กัมโพช) r. 927/928–? | Kampoch (กัมโพช) r. 927/928–? | Kampoch (กัมโพช) r. 927/928–? | | | Lavo led by Kampoch attacked Haripuñjaya in 930/931 but failed. | Lavo led by Kampoch attacked Haripuñjaya in 930/931 but failed. | Lavo led by Kampoch attacked Haripuñjaya in 930/931 but failed. | Lavo led by Kampoch attacked Haripuñjaya in 930/931 but failed. | Lavo led by Kampoch attacked Haripuñjaya in 930/931 but failed. | Lavo led by Kampoch attacked Haripuñjaya in 930/931 but failed. | | | 920s–1050s Lower Chao Phraya Valley's political turmoil | 920s–1050s Lower Chao Phraya Valley's political turmoil | 920s–1050s Lower Chao Phraya Valley's political turmoil | 920s–1050s Lower Chao Phraya Valley's political turmoil | 920s–1050s Lower Chao Phraya Valley's political turmoil | 920s–1050s Lower Chao Phraya Valley's political turmoil | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Narai of Lavo claimed the throne and moved the Lavo seat to "Mueang Wat Derm" then renamed the city "Ayodhya" | Narai of Lavo claimed the throne and moved the Lavo seat to "Mueang Wat Derm" then renamed the city "Ayodhya" | Narai of Lavo claimed the throne and moved the Lavo seat to "Mueang Wat Derm" then renamed the city "Ayodhya" | Narai of Lavo claimed the throne and moved the Lavo seat to "Mueang Wat Derm" then renamed the city "Ayodhya" | Narai of Lavo claimed the throne and moved the Lavo seat to "Mueang Wat Derm" then renamed the city "Ayodhya" | Narai of Lavo claimed the throne and moved the Lavo seat to "Mueang Wat Derm" then renamed the city "Ayodhya" | Angkorin king, Suryavarman I, destroyed Lavo's Lavapura in 1002. | Angkorin king, Suryavarman I, destroyed Lavo's Lavapura in 1002. | Angkorin king, Suryavarman I, destroyed Lavo's Lavapura in 1002. | Angkorin king, Suryavarman I, destroyed Lavo's Lavapura in 1002. | Angkorin king, Suryavarman I, destroyed Lavo's Lavapura in 1002. | Angkorin king, Suryavarman I, destroyed Lavo's Lavapura in 1002. | Sri Lakshmi Pativarman (ศรีลักษมีปติวรมัน) r. 1006–1052? (Appointed by Suryavarman I) | Sri Lakshmi Pativarman (ศรีลักษมีปติวรมัน) r. 1006–1052? (Appointed by Suryavarman I) | Sri Lakshmi Pativarman (ศรีลักษมีปติวรมัน) r. 1006–1052? (Appointed by Suryavarman I) | Sri Lakshmi Pativarman (ศรีลักษมีปติวรมัน) r. 1006–1052? (Appointed by Suryavarman I) | Sri Lakshmi Pativarman (ศรีลักษมีปติวรมัน) r. 1006–1052? (Appointed by Suryavarman I) | Sri Lakshmi Pativarman (ศรีลักษมีปติวรมัน) r. 1006–1052? (Appointed by Suryavarman I) | Suphannabhum and Haripuñjaya$^{:532}$ seized Lavo in 1052 | Suphannabhum and Haripuñjaya$^{:532}$ seized Lavo in 1052 | Suphannabhum and Haripuñjaya$^{:532}$ seized Lavo in 1052 | Suphannabhum and Haripuñjaya$^{:532}$ seized Lavo in 1052 | Suphannabhum and Haripuñjaya$^{:532}$ seized Lavo in 1052 | Suphannabhum and Haripuñjaya$^{:532}$ seized Lavo in 1052 | Rambandit (รามบัณฑิตย์)$^{:59–60}$ r. 40 yrs | Rambandit (รามบัณฑิตย์)$^{:59–60}$ r. 40 yrs | Rambandit (รามบัณฑิตย์)$^{:59–60}$ r. 40 yrs | Rambandit (รามบัณฑิตย์)$^{:59–60}$ r. 40 yrs | Rambandit (รามบัณฑิตย์)$^{:59–60}$ r. 40 yrs | Rambandit (รามบัณฑิตย์)$^{:59–60}$ r. 40 yrs | Internal political turmoil | Internal political turmoil | Internal political turmoil | Internal political turmoil | Internal political turmoil | Internal political turmoil |
| Pagan dynasty | Pagan dynasty | Pagan dynasty | Pagan dynasty | Pagan dynasty | Pagan dynasty | | | | | | | | | | | Unknown origin Haripuñjaya? | Unknown origin Haripuñjaya? | Unknown origin Haripuñjaya? | Unknown origin Haripuñjaya? | Unknown origin Haripuñjaya? | Unknown origin Haripuñjaya? | | | | | | | | | | | Thamikaraj$^{:191}$ (อาทิตตะราช/อาทิตยธรรมิกราช) King of Haripuñjaya | Thamikaraj$^{:191}$ (อาทิตตะราช/อาทิตยธรรมิกราช) King of Haripuñjaya | Thamikaraj$^{:191}$ (อาทิตตะราช/อาทิตยธรรมิกราช) King of Haripuñjaya | Thamikaraj$^{:191}$ (อาทิตตะราช/อาทิตยธรรมิกราช) King of Haripuñjaya | Thamikaraj$^{:191}$ (อาทิตตะราช/อาทิตยธรรมิกราช) King of Haripuñjaya | Thamikaraj$^{:191}$ (อาทิตตะราช/อาทิตยธรรมิกราช) King of Haripuñjaya | | | Aong In (องค์อินทร์)$^{:60}$ r. 1128?–1163? | Aong In (องค์อินทร์)$^{:60}$ r. 1128?–1163? | Aong In (องค์อินทร์)$^{:60}$ r. 1128?–1163? | Aong In (องค์อินทร์)$^{:60}$ r. 1128?–1163? | Aong In (องค์อินทร์)$^{:60}$ r. 1128?–1163? | Aong In (องค์อินทร์)$^{:60}$ r. 1128?–1163? |
| Anawrahta King of Pagan r.1044-1077 | Anawrahta King of Pagan r.1044-1077 | Anawrahta King of Pagan r.1044-1077 | Anawrahta King of Pagan r.1044-1077 | Anawrahta King of Pagan r.1044-1077 | Anawrahta King of Pagan r.1044-1077 | | | Agga Mahethi (แก้วประพาฬ) 1015-1080 | Agga Mahethi (แก้วประพาฬ) 1015-1080 | Agga Mahethi (แก้วประพาฬ) 1015-1080 | Agga Mahethi (แก้วประพาฬ) 1015-1080 | Agga Mahethi (แก้วประพาฬ) 1015-1080 | Agga Mahethi (แก้วประพาฬ) 1015-1080 | | | Singhanavati dynasty$^{:46–84}$ | Singhanavati dynasty$^{:46–84}$ | Singhanavati dynasty$^{:46–84}$ | Singhanavati dynasty$^{:46–84}$ | Singhanavati dynasty$^{:46–84}$ | Singhanavati dynasty$^{:46–84}$ | | | Patima Sudhaduangchan (ปฏิมาสุดาดวงจันทร์) | Patima Sudhaduangchan (ปฏิมาสุดาดวงจันทร์) | Patima Sudhaduangchan (ปฏิมาสุดาดวงจันทร์) | Patima Sudhaduangchan (ปฏิมาสุดาดวงจันทร์) | Patima Sudhaduangchan (ปฏิมาสุดาดวงจันทร์) | Patima Sudhaduangchan (ปฏิมาสุดาดวงจันทร์) | | | Chadachota (จันทรโชติ) r.1052-1069 | Chadachota (จันทรโชติ) r.1052-1069 | Chadachota (จันทรโชติ) r.1052-1069 | Chadachota (จันทรโชติ) r.1052-1069 | Chadachota (จันทรโชติ) r.1052-1069 | Chadachota (จันทรโชติ) r.1052-1069 | | | 1058 Pagan invasion of Lavo and lower Chao Phraya basin | 1058 Pagan invasion of Lavo and lower Chao Phraya basin | 1058 Pagan invasion of Lavo and lower Chao Phraya basin | 1058 Pagan invasion of Lavo and lower Chao Phraya basin | 1058 Pagan invasion of Lavo and lower Chao Phraya basin | 1058 Pagan invasion of Lavo and lower Chao Phraya basin |
| Saw Lu King of Pagan r. 1077-1084 | Saw Lu King of Pagan r. 1077-1084 | Saw Lu King of Pagan r. 1077-1084 | Saw Lu King of Pagan r. 1077-1084 | Saw Lu King of Pagan r. 1077-1084 | Saw Lu King of Pagan r. 1077-1084 | | | Pangkharaj [th] King of Singhanavati r. 915–? | Pangkharaj [th] King of Singhanavati r. 915–? | Pangkharaj [th] King of Singhanavati r. 915–? | Pangkharaj [th] King of Singhanavati r. 915–? | Pangkharaj [th] King of Singhanavati r. 915–? | Pangkharaj [th] King of Singhanavati r. 915–? | | | 1087 Pagan invasion of Lavo and lower Chao Phraya basin | 1087 Pagan invasion of Lavo and lower Chao Phraya basin | 1087 Pagan invasion of Lavo and lower Chao Phraya basin | 1087 Pagan invasion of Lavo and lower Chao Phraya basin | 1087 Pagan invasion of Lavo and lower Chao Phraya basin | 1087 Pagan invasion of Lavo and lower Chao Phraya basin | | | Lavo's capital was shifted to Ayodhaya | Lavo's capital was shifted to Ayodhaya | Lavo's capital was shifted to Ayodhaya | Lavo's capital was shifted to Ayodhaya | Lavo's capital was shifted to Ayodhaya | Lavo's capital was shifted to Ayodhaya | | | Narai (นารายณ์) r.1082–1087 (No heir) | Narai (นารายณ์) r.1082–1087 (No heir) | Narai (นารายณ์) r.1082–1087 (No heir) | Narai (นารายณ์) r.1082–1087 (No heir) | Narai (นารายณ์) r.1082–1087 (No heir) | Narai (นารายณ์) r.1082–1087 (No heir) | | | Supojarat (สุพจราช)$^{:17–19}$ King of Si Satchanalai | Supojarat (สุพจราช)$^{:17–19}$ King of Si Satchanalai | Supojarat (สุพจราช)$^{:17–19}$ King of Si Satchanalai | Supojarat (สุพจราช)$^{:17–19}$ King of Si Satchanalai | Supojarat (สุพจราช)$^{:17–19}$ King of Si Satchanalai | Supojarat (สุพจราช)$^{:17–19}$ King of Si Satchanalai |
| Several generations | Several generations | Several generations | Several generations | Several generations | Several generations | | | Dhukkhita [th] King of Singhanavati | Dhukkhita [th] King of Singhanavati | Dhukkhita [th] King of Singhanavati | Dhukkhita [th] King of Singhanavati | Dhukkhita [th] King of Singhanavati | Dhukkhita [th] King of Singhanavati | | | Kaewsupha (แก้วสุภา) Princess of Wiang Chai Narai | Kaewsupha (แก้วสุภา) Princess of Wiang Chai Narai | Kaewsupha (แก้วสุภา) Princess of Wiang Chai Narai | Kaewsupha (แก้วสุภา) Princess of Wiang Chai Narai | Kaewsupha (แก้วสุภา) Princess of Wiang Chai Narai | Kaewsupha (แก้วสุภา) Princess of Wiang Chai Narai | | | Sridham Tripiṭaka (Phrom) ศรีธรรมไตรปิฏก$^{:17–19}$ King of Chiang Saen | Sridham Tripiṭaka (Phrom) ศรีธรรมไตรปิฏก$^{:17–19}$ King of Chiang Saen | Sridham Tripiṭaka (Phrom) ศรีธรรมไตรปิฏก$^{:17–19}$ King of Chiang Saen | Sridham Tripiṭaka (Phrom) ศรีธรรมไตรปิฏก$^{:17–19}$ King of Chiang Saen | Sridham Tripiṭaka (Phrom) ศรีธรรมไตรปิฏก$^{:17–19}$ King of Chiang Saen | Sridham Tripiṭaka (Phrom) ศรีธรรมไตรปิฏก$^{:17–19}$ King of Chiang Saen | | | Pathumdevi (ปทุมเทวี)$^{:17–19}$ | Pathumdevi (ปทุมเทวี)$^{:17–19}$ | Pathumdevi (ปทุมเทวี)$^{:17–19}$ | Pathumdevi (ปทุมเทวี)$^{:17–19}$ | Pathumdevi (ปทุมเทวี)$^{:17–19}$ | Pathumdevi (ปทุมเทวี)$^{:17–19}$ | | | Unknown King of Si Satchanalai | Unknown King of Si Satchanalai | Unknown King of Si Satchanalai | Unknown King of Si Satchanalai | Unknown King of Si Satchanalai | Unknown King of Si Satchanalai |
| Katae (กาแต) r. 1163–1203 | Katae (กาแต) r. 1163–1203 | Katae (กาแต) r. 1163–1203 | Katae (กาแต) r. 1163–1203 | Katae (กาแต) r. 1163–1203 | Katae (กาแต) r. 1163–1203 | | | Fall of Singhanavati | Fall of Singhanavati | Fall of Singhanavati | Fall of Singhanavati | Fall of Singhanavati | Fall of Singhanavati | | | Chaiyasiri Ruler of Wiang Chai Prakan and Nacontai r. 1089–1107 | Chaiyasiri Ruler of Wiang Chai Prakan and Nacontai r. 1089–1107 | Chaiyasiri Ruler of Wiang Chai Prakan and Nacontai r. 1089–1107 | Chaiyasiri Ruler of Wiang Chai Prakan and Nacontai r. 1089–1107 | Chaiyasiri Ruler of Wiang Chai Prakan and Nacontai r. 1089–1107 | Chaiyasiri Ruler of Wiang Chai Prakan and Nacontai r. 1089–1107 | | | 1087–1089 Ayodhya's civil wars | 1087–1089 Ayodhya's civil wars | 1087–1089 Ayodhya's civil wars | 1087–1089 Ayodhya's civil wars | 1087–1089 Ayodhya's civil wars | 1087–1089 Ayodhya's civil wars | | | Chatisakorn (ชาติสาคร)$^{:21}$ Ruler of Chiang Rai$^{:24}$ | Chatisakorn (ชาติสาคร)$^{:21}$ Ruler of Chiang Rai$^{:24}$ | Chatisakorn (ชาติสาคร)$^{:21}$ Ruler of Chiang Rai$^{:24}$ | Chatisakorn (ชาติสาคร)$^{:21}$ Ruler of Chiang Rai$^{:24}$ | Chatisakorn (ชาติสาคร)$^{:21}$ Ruler of Chiang Rai$^{:24}$ | Chatisakorn (ชาติสาคร)$^{:21}$ Ruler of Chiang Rai$^{:24}$ | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | Chaisiri (ชัยศิริ) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. 1188–1214 | Chaisiri (ชัยศิริ) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. 1188–1214 | Chaisiri (ชัยศิริ) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. 1188–1214 | Chaisiri (ชัยศิริ) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. 1188–1214 | Chaisiri (ชัยศิริ) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. 1188–1214 | Chaisiri (ชัยศิริ) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. 1188–1214 | | | Soi La/U Thong I (พระยาสร้อยหล้า/อู่ทอง) r. 1203–1205 | Soi La/U Thong I (พระยาสร้อยหล้า/อู่ทอง) r. 1203–1205 | Soi La/U Thong I (พระยาสร้อยหล้า/อู่ทอง) r. 1203–1205 | Soi La/U Thong I (พระยาสร้อยหล้า/อู่ทอง) r. 1203–1205 | Soi La/U Thong I (พระยาสร้อยหล้า/อู่ทอง) r. 1203–1205 | Soi La/U Thong I (พระยาสร้อยหล้า/อู่ทอง) r. 1203–1205 | | | Luang (พระเจ้าหลวง) r. 1089–1111 | Luang (พระเจ้าหลวง) r. 1089–1111 | Luang (พระเจ้าหลวง) r. 1089–1111 | Luang (พระเจ้าหลวง) r. 1089–1111 | Luang (พระเจ้าหลวง) r. 1089–1111 | Luang (พระเจ้าหลวง) r. 1089–1111 | | | Kraisornrat (ไกรศรราช)$^{:21}$ r. 1106–1115? Also King of Si Satchanalai | Kraisornrat (ไกรศรราช)$^{:21}$ r. 1106–1115? Also King of Si Satchanalai | Kraisornrat (ไกรศรราช)$^{:21}$ r. 1106–1115? Also King of Si Satchanalai | Kraisornrat (ไกรศรราช)$^{:21}$ r. 1106–1115? Also King of Si Satchanalai | Kraisornrat (ไกรศรราช)$^{:21}$ r. 1106–1115? Also King of Si Satchanalai | Kraisornrat (ไกรศรราช)$^{:21}$ r. 1106–1115? Also King of Si Satchanalai | | | Suladevi (สุลเทวี)$^{:23}$ Princess of Si Satchanalai | Suladevi (สุลเทวี)$^{:23}$ Princess of Si Satchanalai | Suladevi (สุลเทวี)$^{:23}$ Princess of Si Satchanalai | Suladevi (สุลเทวี)$^{:23}$ Princess of Si Satchanalai | Suladevi (สุลเทวี)$^{:23}$ Princess of Si Satchanalai | Suladevi (สุลเทวี)$^{:23}$ Princess of Si Satchanalai |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Phra Ratchadevi (พระราชเทวี)/ Dara Ratchathewi (ดาราราชเทวี)$^{:36}$ | Phra Ratchadevi (พระราชเทวี)/ Dara Ratchathewi (ดาราราชเทวี)$^{:36}$ | Phra Ratchadevi (พระราชเทวี)/ Dara Ratchathewi (ดาราราชเทวี)$^{:36}$ | Phra Ratchadevi (พระราชเทวี)/ Dara Ratchathewi (ดาราราชเทวี)$^{:36}$ | Phra Ratchadevi (พระราชเทวี)/ Dara Ratchathewi (ดาราราชเทวี)$^{:36}$ | Phra Ratchadevi (พระราชเทวี)/ Dara Ratchathewi (ดาราราชเทวี)$^{:36}$ | | | Sai Nam Peung (สายน้ำผึ้ง) r. 1111–1165 | Sai Nam Peung (สายน้ำผึ้ง) r. 1111–1165 | Sai Nam Peung (สายน้ำผึ้ง) r. 1111–1165 | Sai Nam Peung (สายน้ำผึ้ง) r. 1111–1165 | Sai Nam Peung (สายน้ำผึ้ง) r. 1111–1165 | Sai Nam Peung (สายน้ำผึ้ง) r. 1111–1165 | | | Unknown (Mon) | Unknown (Mon) | Unknown (Mon) | Unknown (Mon) | Unknown (Mon) | Unknown (Mon) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | No male heir$^{:64}$ | No male heir$^{:64}$ | No male heir$^{:64}$ | No male heir$^{:64}$ | No male heir$^{:64}$ | No male heir$^{:64}$ | | | Dhammikaraja (ธรรมิกราชา) r. 1165–1205 | Dhammikaraja (ธรรมิกราชา) r. 1165–1205 | Dhammikaraja (ธรรมิกราชา) r. 1165–1205 | Dhammikaraja (ธรรมิกราชา) r. 1165–1205 | Dhammikaraja (ธรรมิกราชา) r. 1165–1205 | Dhammikaraja (ธรรมิกราชา) r. 1165–1205 | | | Siri Pracha Ratchathewi (ศิริประชาราชเทวี)$^{:37}$ | Siri Pracha Ratchathewi (ศิริประชาราชเทวี)$^{:37}$ | Siri Pracha Ratchathewi (ศิริประชาราชเทวี)$^{:37}$ | Siri Pracha Ratchathewi (ศิริประชาราชเทวี)$^{:37}$ | Siri Pracha Ratchathewi (ศิริประชาราชเทวี)$^{:37}$ | Siri Pracha Ratchathewi (ศิริประชาราชเทวี)$^{:37}$ | | | Sri Thammasokkarat (ศรีธรรมโศกราช) r. 1115?–1181 | Sri Thammasokkarat (ศรีธรรมโศกราช) r. 1115?–1181 | Sri Thammasokkarat (ศรีธรรมโศกราช) r. 1115?–1181 | Sri Thammasokkarat (ศรีธรรมโศกราช) r. 1115?–1181 | Sri Thammasokkarat (ศรีธรรมโศกราช) r. 1115?–1181 | Sri Thammasokkarat (ศรีธรรมโศกราช) r. 1115?–1181 |
| Narupatidnavarman (Later Indravarman II) r. 1181?–1218 (Appointed by Jayavarman VII) | Narupatidnavarman (Later Indravarman II) r. 1181?–1218 (Appointed by Jayavarman VII) | Narupatidnavarman (Later Indravarman II) r. 1181?–1218 (Appointed by Jayavarman VII) | Narupatidnavarman (Later Indravarman II) r. 1181?–1218 (Appointed by Jayavarman VII) | Narupatidnavarman (Later Indravarman II) r. 1181?–1218 (Appointed by Jayavarman VII) | Narupatidnavarman (Later Indravarman II) r. 1181?–1218 (Appointed by Jayavarman VII) | | | Pprappanom Tteleiseri$^{:166–7}$ (พนมทะเลศรี) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. 1214–? | Pprappanom Tteleiseri$^{:166–7}$ (พนมทะเลศรี) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. 1214–? | Pprappanom Tteleiseri$^{:166–7}$ (พนมทะเลศรี) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. 1214–? | Pprappanom Tteleiseri$^{:166–7}$ (พนมทะเลศรี) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. 1214–? | Pprappanom Tteleiseri$^{:166–7}$ (พนมทะเลศรี) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. 1214–? | Pprappanom Tteleiseri$^{:166–7}$ (พนมทะเลศรี) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. 1214–? | | | Unknown$^{:63–4}$ Princess of U Thong | Unknown$^{:63–4}$ Princess of U Thong | Unknown$^{:63–4}$ Princess of U Thong | Unknown$^{:63–4}$ Princess of U Thong | Unknown$^{:63–4}$ Princess of U Thong | Unknown$^{:63–4}$ Princess of U Thong | | | Uthong II Ex-ruler of Thep Nakhon Chaisiri Ex-king of Uthong r. 1205–1253 | Uthong II Ex-ruler of Thep Nakhon Chaisiri Ex-king of Uthong r. 1205–1253 | Uthong II Ex-ruler of Thep Nakhon Chaisiri Ex-king of Uthong r. 1205–1253 | Uthong II Ex-ruler of Thep Nakhon Chaisiri Ex-king of Uthong r. 1205–1253 | Uthong II Ex-ruler of Thep Nakhon Chaisiri Ex-king of Uthong r. 1205–1253 | Uthong II Ex-ruler of Thep Nakhon Chaisiri Ex-king of Uthong r. 1205–1253 | | | | | | | Thonglanrach (ท้องลันราช)$^{:60–61}$ Ruler of Sukandhakiree (Phetchaburi)$^{:167}$ (สุคันธคีรี) r. ?–1289 | Thonglanrach (ท้องลันราช)$^{:60–61}$ Ruler of Sukandhakiree (Phetchaburi)$^{:167}$ (สุคันธคีรี) r. ?–1289 | Thonglanrach (ท้องลันราช)$^{:60–61}$ Ruler of Sukandhakiree (Phetchaburi)$^{:167}$ (สุคันธคีรี) r. ?–1289 | Thonglanrach (ท้องลันราช)$^{:60–61}$ Ruler of Sukandhakiree (Phetchaburi)$^{:167}$ (สุคันธคีรี) r. ?–1289 | Thonglanrach (ท้องลันราช)$^{:60–61}$ Ruler of Sukandhakiree (Phetchaburi)$^{:167}$ (สุคันธคีรี) r. ?–1289 | Thonglanrach (ท้องลันราช)$^{:60–61}$ Ruler of Sukandhakiree (Phetchaburi)$^{:167}$ (สุคันธคีรี) r. ?–1289 | | |
| From Wiang Phang Kham | From Wiang Phang Kham | From Wiang Phang Kham | From Wiang Phang Kham | From Wiang Phang Kham | From Wiang Phang Kham | | | | | | | Ai (อ้าย) Ruler of Mueang Nakhon (Ligor?) | Ai (อ้าย) Ruler of Mueang Nakhon (Ligor?) | Ai (อ้าย) Ruler of Mueang Nakhon (Ligor?) | Ai (อ้าย) Ruler of Mueang Nakhon (Ligor?) | Ai (อ้าย) Ruler of Mueang Nakhon (Ligor?) | Ai (อ้าย) Ruler of Mueang Nakhon (Ligor?) | | | Yi (ยี่) Ruler of Tanintharyi | Yi (ยี่) Ruler of Tanintharyi | Yi (ยี่) Ruler of Tanintharyi | Yi (ยี่) Ruler of Tanintharyi | Yi (ยี่) Ruler of Tanintharyi | Yi (ยี่) Ruler of Tanintharyi | | | Sam (สาม) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. early 1300s | Sam (สาม) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. early 1300s | Sam (สาม) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. early 1300s | Sam (สาม) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. early 1300s | Sam (สาม) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. early 1300s | Sam (สาม) Ruler of Phetchaburi r. early 1300s | | | | | | | Probably fled to Nakhon Si Thammarat due to the political pressure from the Angkor | Probably fled to Nakhon Si Thammarat due to the political pressure from the Angkor | Probably fled to Nakhon Si Thammarat due to the political pressure from the Angkor | Probably fled to Nakhon Si Thammarat due to the political pressure from the Angkor | Probably fled to Nakhon Si Thammarat due to the political pressure from the Angkor | Probably fled to Nakhon Si Thammarat due to the political pressure from the Angkor |
| 1st Tritrueng [th] King King of Phraek Si Racha (Name unidentified) | 1st Tritrueng [th] King King of Phraek Si Racha (Name unidentified) | 1st Tritrueng [th] King King of Phraek Si Racha (Name unidentified) | 1st Tritrueng [th] King King of Phraek Si Racha (Name unidentified) | 1st Tritrueng [th] King King of Phraek Si Racha (Name unidentified) | 1st Tritrueng [th] King King of Phraek Si Racha (Name unidentified) | | | Revival of Ligor by Phetchaburi | Revival of Ligor by Phetchaburi | Revival of Ligor by Phetchaburi | Revival of Ligor by Phetchaburi | Revival of Ligor by Phetchaburi | Revival of Ligor by Phetchaburi | | | Patthasucharat (พัตตาสุจราช)$^{:65–66}$ King of Si Satchanalai | Patthasucharat (พัตตาสุจราช)$^{:65–66}$ King of Si Satchanalai | Patthasucharat (พัตตาสุจราช)$^{:65–66}$ King of Si Satchanalai | Patthasucharat (พัตตาสุจราช)$^{:65–66}$ King of Si Satchanalai | Patthasucharat (พัตตาสุจราช)$^{:65–66}$ King of Si Satchanalai | Patthasucharat (พัตตาสุจราช)$^{:65–66}$ King of Si Satchanalai | | | Chaithat (ชัยทัต) | Chaithat (ชัยทัต) | Chaithat (ชัยทัต) | Chaithat (ชัยทัต) | Chaithat (ชัยทัต) | Chaithat (ชัยทัต) | | | Unknown Princess | Unknown Princess | Unknown Princess | Unknown Princess | Unknown Princess | Unknown Princess | | | Chaisena (ชัยเสน) Ayodhya: r. 1253–1289 Sukandhakiree: r. 1289–? | Chaisena (ชัยเสน) Ayodhya: r. 1253–1289 Sukandhakiree: r. 1289–? | Chaisena (ชัยเสน) Ayodhya: r. 1253–1289 Sukandhakiree: r. 1289–? | Chaisena (ชัยเสน) Ayodhya: r. 1253–1289 Sukandhakiree: r. 1289–? | Chaisena (ชัยเสน) Ayodhya: r. 1253–1289 Sukandhakiree: r. 1289–? | Chaisena (ชัยเสน) Ayodhya: r. 1253–1289 Sukandhakiree: r. 1289–? |
| Sadieng Thong Princes of Tritrueng [th] | Sadieng Thong Princes of Tritrueng [th] | Sadieng Thong Princes of Tritrueng [th] | Sadieng Thong Princes of Tritrueng [th] | Sadieng Thong Princes of Tritrueng [th] | Sadieng Thong Princes of Tritrueng [th] | | | Phanomwang Ruler of Nakhon Si Thammarat r. 1342–? | Phanomwang Ruler of Nakhon Si Thammarat r. 1342–? | Phanomwang Ruler of Nakhon Si Thammarat r. 1342–? | Phanomwang Ruler of Nakhon Si Thammarat r. 1342–? | Phanomwang Ruler of Nakhon Si Thammarat r. 1342–? | Phanomwang Ruler of Nakhon Si Thammarat r. 1342–? | | | Boromtrilok (บรมไตรโลก)$^{:65–66}$ | Boromtrilok (บรมไตรโลก)$^{:65–66}$ | Boromtrilok (บรมไตรโลก)$^{:65–66}$ | Boromtrilok (บรมไตรโลก)$^{:65–66}$ | Boromtrilok (บรมไตรโลก)$^{:65–66}$ | Boromtrilok (บรมไตรโลก)$^{:65–66}$ | | | Dhammatrilokthi (ธรรมไตรโลกฒิ) King of Si Satchanalai | Dhammatrilokthi (ธรรมไตรโลกฒิ) King of Si Satchanalai | Dhammatrilokthi (ธรรมไตรโลกฒิ) King of Si Satchanalai | Dhammatrilokthi (ธรรมไตรโลกฒิ) King of Si Satchanalai | Dhammatrilokthi (ธรรมไตรโลกฒิ) King of Si Satchanalai | Dhammatrilokthi (ธรรมไตรโลกฒิ) King of Si Satchanalai | | | Suwanracha (สุวรรณราชา) r. 1289–1301 | Suwanracha (สุวรรณราชา) r. 1289–1301 | Suwanracha (สุวรรณราชา) r. 1289–1301 | Suwanracha (สุวรรณราชา) r. 1289–1301 | Suwanracha (สุวรรณราชา) r. 1289–1301 | Suwanracha (สุวรรณราชา) r. 1289–1301 | | | Potentially "Gan-mu-ding" in the Chinese record in 1295 | Potentially "Gan-mu-ding" in the Chinese record in 1295 | Potentially "Gan-mu-ding" in the Chinese record in 1295 | Potentially "Gan-mu-ding" in the Chinese record in 1295 | Potentially "Gan-mu-ding" in the Chinese record in 1295 | Potentially "Gan-mu-ding" in the Chinese record in 1295 |
| 2nd Tritrueng [th] King Ex-king of Phraek Si Racha r. 1283–1319 | 2nd Tritrueng [th] King Ex-king of Phraek Si Racha r. 1283–1319 | 2nd Tritrueng [th] King Ex-king of Phraek Si Racha r. 1283–1319 | 2nd Tritrueng [th] King Ex-king of Phraek Si Racha r. 1283–1319 | 2nd Tritrueng [th] King Ex-king of Phraek Si Racha r. 1283–1319 | 2nd Tritrueng [th] King Ex-king of Phraek Si Racha r. 1283–1319 | | | Sontra Ruler of Na Tranom | Sontra Ruler of Na Tranom | Sontra Ruler of Na Tranom | Sontra Ruler of Na Tranom | Sontra Ruler of Na Tranom | Sontra Ruler of Na Tranom | | | U Thong III (พระเจ้าอู่ทอง) r. ?–1335? | U Thong III (พระเจ้าอู่ทอง) r. ?–1335? | U Thong III (พระเจ้าอู่ทอง) r. ?–1335? | U Thong III (พระเจ้าอู่ทอง) r. ?–1335? | U Thong III (พระเจ้าอู่ทอง) r. ?–1335? | U Thong III (พระเจ้าอู่ทอง) r. ?–1335? | | | | | | | Thammaraja (ธรรมราชา) r. 1301–1310 | Thammaraja (ธรรมราชา) r. 1301–1310 | Thammaraja (ธรรมราชา) r. 1301–1310 | Thammaraja (ธรรมราชา) r. 1301–1310 | Thammaraja (ธรรมราชา) r. 1301–1310 | Thammaraja (ธรรมราชา) r. 1301–1310 | | | Kalaya Devi (กัลยาเทวี) | Kalaya Devi (กัลยาเทวี) | Kalaya Devi (กัลยาเทวี) | Kalaya Devi (กัลยาเทวี) | Kalaya Devi (กัลยาเทวี) | Kalaya Devi (กัลยาเทวี) | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | Kuman Ruler of Tathong [th] | Kuman Ruler of Tathong [th] | Kuman Ruler of Tathong [th] | Kuman Ruler of Tathong [th] | Kuman Ruler of Tathong [th] | Kuman Ruler of Tathong [th] | | | U Thong IV (พระยาอู่ทอง) r. 1335?–1351 | U Thong IV (พระยาอู่ทอง) r. 1335?–1351 | U Thong IV (พระยาอู่ทอง) r. 1335?–1351 | U Thong IV (พระยาอู่ทอง) r. 1335?–1351 | U Thong IV (พระยาอู่ทอง) r. 1335?–1351 | U Thong IV (พระยาอู่ทอง) r. 1335?–1351 | | | Boromracha (บรมราชา) r. 1310–1344 | Boromracha (บรมราชา) r. 1310–1344 | Boromracha (บรมราชา) r. 1310–1344 | Boromracha (บรมราชา) r. 1310–1344 | Boromracha (บรมราชา) r. 1310–1344 | Boromracha (บรมราชา) r. 1310–1344 | | | | | | | | | | | Sunantha Devi (สุนันทาเทวี) | Sunantha Devi (สุนันทาเทวี) | Sunantha Devi (สุนันทาเทวี) | Sunantha Devi (สุนันทาเทวี) | Sunantha Devi (สุนันทาเทวี) | Sunantha Devi (สุนันทาเทวี) |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Son Sai (สนไส้/จันทรเทวีศรีรัตนฉายา) | Son Sai (สนไส้/จันทรเทวีศรีรัตนฉายา) | Son Sai (สนไส้/จันทรเทวีศรีรัตนฉายา) | Son Sai (สนไส้/จันทรเทวีศรีรัตนฉายา) | Son Sai (สนไส้/จันทรเทวีศรีรัตนฉายา) | Son Sai (สนไส้/จันทรเทวีศรีรัตนฉายา) | Sri Maharacha Ex-ruler of Sa U Lao King of Nakhon Si Thammarat | Sri Maharacha Ex-ruler of Sa U Lao King of Nakhon Si Thammarat | Sri Maharacha Ex-ruler of Sa U Lao King of Nakhon Si Thammarat | Sri Maharacha Ex-ruler of Sa U Lao King of Nakhon Si Thammarat | Sri Maharacha Ex-ruler of Sa U Lao King of Nakhon Si Thammarat | Sri Maharacha Ex-ruler of Sa U Lao King of Nakhon Si Thammarat | Unknown Princess of U Thong | Unknown Princess of U Thong | Unknown Princess of U Thong | Unknown Princess of U Thong | Unknown Princess of U Thong | Unknown Princess of U Thong | | | | | | | Ramathibodi I (Uthong V) King of Ayodhya (r. 1344–1351) 1st king of Ayutthaya r. 1351–1369 | Ramathibodi I (Uthong V) King of Ayodhya (r. 1344–1351) 1st king of Ayutthaya r. 1351–1369 | Ramathibodi I (Uthong V) King of Ayodhya (r. 1344–1351) 1st king of Ayutthaya r. 1351–1369 | Ramathibodi I (Uthong V) King of Ayodhya (r. 1344–1351) 1st king of Ayutthaya r. 1351–1369 | Ramathibodi I (Uthong V) King of Ayodhya (r. 1344–1351) 1st king of Ayutthaya r. 1351–1369 | Ramathibodi I (Uthong V) King of Ayodhya (r. 1344–1351) 1st king of Ayutthaya r. 1351–1369 | | | | |
| Sukhothai dynasty | Sukhothai dynasty | Sukhothai dynasty | Sukhothai dynasty | Sukhothai dynasty | Sukhothai dynasty | | | Sri Thammasokaraj dynasty of Nakhon Si Thammarat | Sri Thammasokaraj dynasty of Nakhon Si Thammarat | Sri Thammasokaraj dynasty of Nakhon Si Thammarat | Sri Thammasokaraj dynasty of Nakhon Si Thammarat | Sri Thammasokaraj dynasty of Nakhon Si Thammarat | Sri Thammasokaraj dynasty of Nakhon Si Thammarat | | | | | | | | | | | Ramesuan 2nd king of Ayutthaya 1st: r. 1369–1370 2nd: 1388–1395 | Ramesuan 2nd king of Ayutthaya 1st: r. 1369–1370 2nd: 1388–1395 | Ramesuan 2nd king of Ayutthaya 1st: r. 1369–1370 2nd: 1388–1395 | Ramesuan 2nd king of Ayutthaya 1st: r. 1369–1370 2nd: 1388–1395 | Ramesuan 2nd king of Ayutthaya 1st: r. 1369–1370 2nd: 1388–1395 | Ramesuan 2nd king of Ayutthaya 1st: r. 1369–1370 2nd: 1388–1395 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Lavo dynasty of Ayutthaya | | | | |
| Maha Thammaracha II King of Sukhothai r. 1368–1399 | Maha Thammaracha II King of Sukhothai r. 1368–1399 | Maha Thammaracha II King of Sukhothai r. 1368–1399 | Maha Thammaracha II King of Sukhothai r. 1368–1399 | Maha Thammaracha II King of Sukhothai r. 1368–1399 | | | Daughter of Loe Thai (Sukhothai Kingdom) | Daughter of Loe Thai (Sukhothai Kingdom) | Daughter of Loe Thai (Sukhothai Kingdom) | Daughter of Loe Thai (Sukhothai Kingdom) | Daughter of Loe Thai (Sukhothai Kingdom) | | | Pha Ngua 3rd king of Ayutthaya Ex-ruler of Suphannabhum r. 1370–1388 | Pha Ngua 3rd king of Ayutthaya Ex-ruler of Suphannabhum r. 1370–1388 | Pha Ngua 3rd king of Ayutthaya Ex-ruler of Suphannabhum r. 1370–1388 | Pha Ngua 3rd king of Ayutthaya Ex-ruler of Suphannabhum r. 1370–1388 | Pha Ngua 3rd king of Ayutthaya Ex-ruler of Suphannabhum r. 1370–1388 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Unknown Princess | Unknown Princess | Unknown Princess | Unknown Princess | Unknown Princess | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Phra Ruang dynasty of Sukhothai | Phra Ruang dynasty of Sukhothai | Phra Ruang dynasty of Sukhothai | Phra Ruang dynasty of Sukhothai | Phra Ruang dynasty of Sukhothai | Phra Ruang dynasty of Sukhothai | | | | | | | Suphannabhum dynasty of Ayutthaya | Suphannabhum dynasty of Ayutthaya | Suphannabhum dynasty of Ayutthaya | Suphannabhum dynasty of Ayutthaya | Suphannabhum dynasty of Ayutthaya | Suphannabhum dynasty of Ayutthaya | | |

### Note

* ↑ Calculated from the text given in the chronicle: "สิ้น 97 ปีสวรรคต ศักราชได้ 336 ปี พระยาโคดมได้ครองราชสมบัติอยู่ ณ วัดเดิม 30 ปี"$^{:30}$ which is transcribed as "...at the age of 97, he passed away in the year 336 of the Chula Sakarat. Phraya Kodom reigned in the Mueang Wat Derm for 30 years...".

## List of rulers

| Rulers | Rulers | Clan | Reign | Notes/Contemporary events |
| Romanized name | Thai name | Clan | Reign | Notes/Contemporary events |
| Kong | กง | | c. 807–867 | Founder of old Kanchanaburi (807) |
| Phan | พาน | | c. 867–916 | Son of the previous Founder of Suphan Buri (877) |
| Phansa | พรรษา | | c. 913–1003? or 916–1006? | Son of the previous Lavo led by Tambralinga's king Sujita seized Suphannabhum |
| Rambandit | รามบัณฑิตย์ | | r. 40 yrs | Joined forces with Haripuñjaya and retook Lavo (1052) |
| Political Insurgency |||||
| Aong In | องค์อินทร์ | | r. 1128?–1163? | Descendent of Kalavarnadishraj (Founder of Lavo) |
| Katae | กาแต | Pagan | 1163–1203 | Descendant of Pagan's Saw Lu, who was born into the Pagan family (Anawrahta) and Lavo dynasty (Agga Mahethi, an older sister of Lavo queen consort in Chadachota).$^{:60}$ Moved the seat to Suphan Buri Died with no heir |
| Soi La/Uthong I | พระยาสร้อยหล้า | Singhanavati | 1203–1205 | Son or younger brother of Chaiyasiri/Chaisiri. Younger brother of Phanom Thalesri (พระพนมทะเลศรี), King of Phip Phli [th] No male heir |
| Uthong II | | Lavo | 1205–? | Also king of Lavo's Ayodhya (r.1205–1253) |
| Rulers after the reign of Uthong II remain unknown. |||||
| Suphan Buri was a tributary state of the Sukhothai Kingdom from 1283–1298. |||||
| Phra Chao Uthong (Uthong III) | พระเจ้าอู่ทอง | Suphannaphum | ?–1335? | Father(-in-law) of Khun Laung Pho Ngouy? Father? of the 1st Ayutthaya's king, Uthong. (r.1351–1369)$^{:5}$ |
| Phraya Uthong (Uthong IV) | พระยาอู่ทอง | Suphannaphum | 1335?–1351 | |
| Foundation of the Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351) |||||
| Khun Laung Pho Ngouy (formerly Wattidet$^{:274}$) | ขุนหลวงพ่องั่ว/วัตติเดช | Suphannaphum | 1351–1370 | Later became the 3rd Ayutthaya's king, Borommarachathirat I. (r.1370–1388) |
| Sri Thephahurat [th]?$^{:31–2}$ | ศรีเทพาหูราช? | Suphannaphum | 1370–1374 | Younger brother$^{:274}$ or son$^{:31–2}$ of Borommarachathirat I, and also Chao Nakhon In's father or relatives.$^{:274}$ Born into the Suphannaphum dynasty father and Sukhothai dynasty mother.$^{:31–2}$ |
| Chao Nakhon In Zhao Lu-qun Ying | เจ้านครอินทร์ | Suphannaphum | 1374–1408 | Also the crown prince of Xiānluó. Later became the 6th Ayutthaya's king, Intharacha. (r.1408–1424; offered crown) Sent several tributes to China, sometimes in the name of Suphanburi. An emissary Zhao Xi-li Zhi from Xiānluó visit China in 1374. The crown prince, Zhao Lu-qun Ying, as Xiānluó's envoy, visit China in 1377. King Can-lie Bao Pi-ya Si-li Duo-luo-lu of Xiānluó sent Ya-la-er Wen-zhi-li and others to present the tribute to China in 1379. Ya-la-er Wen-zhi-li was sent by the crown prince to China in 1389. The minister Nai Po-lang-zhi-shi-ti and others were sent by the crown prince to China in January 1396. Death of Xiānluó's king Can-lie Bao Pi-ya Si-li Duo-luo-lu. In 8 February 1396, Zhao Da and Zhu Fu were sent by China to offer sacrifices for the deceased king and authenticate Zhao Lu-qun Ying as the successor. Zhao Lu-qun Ying as the Su-men-bang Prince sent envoy to China in 1398. |
| Chao Ai Phraya | เจ้าอ้ายพระยา | Suphannaphum | 1408–1424 | Son of the previous, Chao Nakhon In, and older brother of the 7th Ayutthaya's king Borommarachathirat II. |

### Notes

* ↑ Based on legend.
* 1 2 U Thong is a title used to refer to the kings or rulers of Mueang Uthong of Lavo-Suphanburi,$^{:30}$ similar to the titles Phra Ruang (พระร่วง), the rulers of the Sukhothai Kingdom, and Phra Chao Sri Thammasokaraja (พระเจ้าศรีธรรมาโศกราช) of the Sri Thammasokaraja Kingdom.$^{:39}$

## Gallery

* U-Thong style sculpture, found in Wat Kai Tia [th], Si Prachan district, Suphan Buri province
* Main stupa at Wat Morakot, Mueang Suphan Buri, dates to the early 10th century.
* Chedi at the Wat Kuti Song ruin, Mueang Suphan Buri.
* Chedi at the Wat Nong Neng ruin, Mueang Suphan Buri, dates to the early Ayuttha period.
* Wat Pa Lelai Worawihan, dates before 1181 (King Katae's reign).
* Ancient ruin in Wat Phra Sri Rattana Mahathat [th], dates before 1408.
* Lan Na style [th] chedi in an ancient Wat Thale Thalai, Mueang district.
* Dvaravati style sculpture, found in Wat Chi Suk Kasem [th], Mueang district.
* Thailand's oldest Reclining Buddha, found in Wat Phra Non [th], Mueang district.