# List of wars involving Mongolia

The following is an incomplete list of major wars fought by Mongolia, by Mongolian people or regular armies during periods when independent Mongolian states existed, from antiquity to the present day.
The list gives the name, the date, combatants, and the result of these conflicts following this legend:
    Mongolian victory
    Mongolian defeat
    Another result (e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive)
    Ongoing conflict

## Mongolian tribes

This section contains list of wars involving Xianbei, Wuhuan, Wusun and other Mongol tribes.
| Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
| 2nd century | Wuhuan Uprising | Wuhuan | Northern Xiongnu | Wuhuan victory |
| 97–130 | Raids on cities Liaodong Peninsula | Xianbei | Han Dynasty | Unclear |
| 117 | Xianbei Conflict with Wusun | Xianbei | Wusun | Xianbei defeat |
| 119 | Raid on Ma-chen-sai | Xianbei | Xiongnu | Defeat |
| 122 | The attack on Yanmen and Dingxiang | Xianbei | Han Dynasty | Defeat |
| 123 | Attack's on Northern Xiongnu | Xianbei | Xiongnu | Victory |
| 155 | Dismemberment Xiongnu | Xianbei Han Dynasty | Xiongnu | Victory Xiongnu destroyed on four parts |
| 2nd century | Xianbei-Buyeo conflict | Xianbei | Buyeo | Victory |
| 2nd century | Tanshihuay's campaign against Wusun | Xianbei | Wusun | Xianbei victory |
| 166 | Great campaign to Caspian Sea by Tanshihuay | Xianbei | Everything on way to Caspian Sea | Victory |
| 2nd–3rd century | Helyan's raid on China. | Xianbei | Han Dynasty | Defeat |

## Rouran Khaganate

This section contains list of wars involving Rouran Khaganate
| Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
| 508–540 | Rouran-Tiele people wars | Rouran Khaganate | Tiele people | Victory |
| 554–555 | Ashina Revolt | Rouran Khaganate | First Turkic Khaganate | Defeat Destruction of the Rouran Khaganate |

## Khitan Empire/Liao Dynasty

This section contains list of wars involving Liao Dynasty
| Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
| 906–926 | The conquest of the Balhae State | Liao Dynasty | Balhae | Victory Destruction of the Balhae State |
| 923–936 | The proxy war with the Later Tang | Liao Dynasty | Later Tang | Victory |
| 979 | Battle of Gaoliang river | Liao Dynasty | Song Dynasty | Victory |
| 986 | Battle of Qigou Pass | Liao Dynasty | Song Dynasty | Victory |
| 993 | First conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War | Liao Dynasty | Kingdom of Goryeo | Victory |
| 1010–1011 | Second conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War | Liao Dynasty | Kingdom of Goryeo | Victory |
| 1019 | Third conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War | Liao Dynasty | Kingdom of Goryeo | Defeat |
| 1114–1125 | Jin-Khitan war | Liao Dynasty | Jin dynasty (1115–1234) | Defeat Liao Empire destroyed |

## Mongol Empire

This section contains list of wars involving Mongol Empire.
| Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
| 1187 | Battle of Dalan Balzhat | Genghis Khan | Jamukha | Genghis Khan defeat |
| 1201 | Battle of the Thirteen Sides | Genghis Khan | Jamukha | Genghis Khan victory |
| 1205–1210 | Mongol conquest of Western Xia | Mongols | Western Xia | Victory |
| 1209 | Mongol invasion of the Kingdom of Qocho | Mongol Empire | Kingdom of Qocho | Victory |
| 1211–1234 | Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty | Mongol Empire | Jin dynasty | Victory |
| 1216–1218 | Mongol conquest of the Qara Khitai | Mongol Empire | Qara Khitai | Victory |
| 1219–1231 | Mongol conquest of the Khwarazmian Empire | Mongol Empire | Khwarazmian Empire | Victory |
| 1218 | First Kyrgyz revolt against Mongol empire | Mongol Empire | Kyrgyz states | Victory Leader of revolt Kurlun executed Thousands of Kyrgyz people massacred |
| 1220–1223 | The Mongol conquest of Cumania | Mongol Empire | Kipchaks | Victory |
| 1220–1238 | Mongol invasions of Georgia | Mongol Empire | Kingdom of Georgia | Victory |
| 1220-1231 | Mongol invasions of Azerbaijan | Mongol Empire | Atabegs of Azerbaijan | Victory |
| 1220–1236 | Mongol invasions of Armenia | Mongol Empire | Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia | Victory |
| 1221–1225 | First Mongol invasions of India | Mongol Empire | Punjab Sindh Kerman | Victory |
| 1223–1240 | Mongol invasion of Rus | Mongol Empire | Vladimir-Suzdal Kingdom of Galicia-Volhynia Novgorod Republic Smolensk Rostov Chernigov Ryazan Pereyaslavl | Victory |
| 1223–1236 | The Mongol invasion of Volga Bulgaria | Mongol Empire | Volga Bulgaria | Victory |
| 1225–1227 | Punitive expedition in Western Xia | Mongol Empire | Western Xia | Victory |
| 1227 | 1227 Incident | Mongol Empire | Jin Dynasty Western Xia Song Dynasty | Mongols ravaged Jie (階) Feng (鳳) Cheng (成) He (和) Tianshui (天水) Wenzhou(文州) prefectures |
| 1231 | First Mongol invasion of Korea | Mongol Empire | Kingdom of Goryeo | Victory |
| 1232 | Second Mongol invasion of Korea | Mongol Empire | Kingdom of Goryeo | Defeat |
| 1235–1239 | Third Mongol invasion of Korea | Mongol Empire | Kingdom of Goryeo | Victory |
| 1240–1241 | Mongol invasion of Tibet | Mongol Empire | Tibet | Victory |
| 1235–1279 | Mongol conquest of Song China | Mongol Empire | Song dynasty | Victory |
| 1235–1241 | Mongol conquest of Kashmir | Mongol Empire | Kashmir Deli Sultanate | Victory |
| 1237–1253 | First Mongol invasions of Dzurdzuketia | Mongol Empire | Chechens Ingush Ossetians Lezgins Avars Alans | Defeat |
| 1237–1253 | Mongol invasion of Circassia | Mongol Empire | Circassians | Defeat |
| 1240–1241 | First Mongol invasion of Poland | Mongol Empire | Kingdom of Poland Knights Templar Teutonic Knights Knights Hospitaller | Victory |
| 1241–1242 | Mongol invasion of Moldova and Wallachia | Mongol Empire | Moldova and Wallachia | Victory |
| 1241–1243 | Mongol invasion of Anatolia | Mongol Empire | Sultanate of Rum Georgian auxiliaries Trapezuntine auxiliaries Latin mercenaries | Victory |
| 1242 | First Mongol invasion of Hungary | Mongol Empire | Kingdom of Hungary | Victory |
| 1242 | Mongol invasion of the Bulgaria | Mongol Empire | Second Bulgarian Empire | Victory |
| 1242 | Mongol invasion of Serbia | Mongol Empire | Serbia | Victory |
| 1242 | Fourth Mongol invasion of Korea | Mongol Empire | Kingdom of Goryeo | Victory |
| 1253 | Mongolian conquest of Dali Kingdom | Mongol Empire | Dali Kingdom | Victory |
| 1254–1255 | Kashmir uprising | Mongol Empire | Kashmir rebels | Uprising crushed |
| 1255 | Fifth the Mongol invasion of Korea | Mongol Empire | Kingdom of Goryeo | Victory |
| 1258 | Mongol invasion of Iraq | Mongol Empire | Abbasid Iraq | Victory |
| 1257–1258 | First Mongol invasion of Delhi Sultanate | Mongol Empire | Delhi Sultanate | Peaceful agreement |
| 1257–1258 | Dai Viet-Mongol War | Mongol Empire | Tran Dynasty Champa | Defeat |
| 1258 | Sixth Mongol invasion of Korea | Mongol Empire | Kingdom of Goryeo | Peaceful agreement |
| 1259–1260 | Second Mongol invasion of Poland | Mongol Empire | Polish states | Victory |
| 1260 | Mongol invasions of the Levant | Ilkhanate of the Mongol Empire Kingdom of England Knights Templar Golden Horde of the Mongol Empire (1259–1264) | Mamluk Sultanate Ayyubids Golden Horde of the Mongol Empire (after 1264) Karamanid rebels Abbasid Caliphate | Mongol victory over the Abbasids, Ayyubids and Nizaris Mamluk victory over the Mongols Treaty of Aleppo |
| 1261 | 2nd Kyrgyz revolt against Mongol empire | Mongol empire | Kem-Kemjiut state | Victory |
| 1274 | First Mongol invasion of Japan | Mongol Empire | Kamakura Japan | Defeat |
| 1281 | Second Mongol invasion of Japan | Mongol Empire | Kamakura Japan | Defeat |
| 1293–1298 | Second Mongol invasion of Delhi Sultanate | Mongol Empire | Delhi Sultanate | Defeat |

## Mongolian States

This section contains list of wars involving different Mongolian states existed between the 13th and 14th centuries.
| Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
| 1252–1254 | Kuremsa raid on East Volyn | Golden Horde | Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia | Defeat |
| 1270–1273 | Sambyeolcho Rebellion | Yuan dynasty | Sambyeolcho army | Victory |
| 1275–1276 | Ruthenians and Mongols winter raid to Lithuania | Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia Golden Horde | Grand Duchy of Lithuania | Defeat |
| 1262 | Berke–Hulagu war | Golden Horde | Ilkhanate | Inconclusive |
| 1268–1301 | Kaidu–Kublai war | Yuan dynasty Ilkhanate | Chagatai Khanate Golden Horde | Inconclusive |
| 1277–1278 | First Mongol invasion of Burma | Yuan dynasty | Pagan Empire | Victory |
| 1282–1284 | The Mongol invasion of Champa | Yuan dynasty | Champa | Defeat |
| 1285 | Dai Viet-Mongol War | Yuan dynasty | Tran dynasty | Defeat |
| 1285–1286 | Second Mongol invasion of Hungary | Golden Horde | Kingdom of Hungary | Defeat |
| 1287–1288 | Third Mongol invasion of Poland | Golden Horde Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia | Kingdom of Poland Kingdom of Hungary | Defeat |
| 1287–1288 | Third Mongol invasion of Vietnam | Yuan dynasty | Tran dynasty | Defeat |
| 1287–1288 | Mongol invasion of Java | Yuan dynasty | Majapahit Empire Kingdom of Singhasari Kediri Kingdom | Defeat |
| 1351–1368 | Red Turban Rebellion | Yuan dynasty | Red Turban Army | Defeat Destruction of the Yuan dynasty |
| 1380 | Combining Blue-Horde and White-Horde | Wings of the Golden Horde | Wings of the Golden Horde | Inconclusive |
| 1380s and early 1390s | Tokhtamysh–Timur war | Golden Horde | Timurid Empire | Timurid Victory |

## Post-imperial Mongolia

This section contains list of wars involving different post-imperial Mongolian states (Northern Yuan Dynasty, Dzungar Khanate, Four Oirat)
| Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
| 1388–1399 | Rise of the Oirats | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Four Oirat | Defeat Creation of a Western Mongolian state |
| 1409 | Battle of Kherlen | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Ming Dynasty | Victory |
| 1409–1424 | Yongle Emperor's campaigns against the Mongols | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Ming Dynasty | Defeat |
| 1449 | Tumu Crisis | Oirats | Ming Dynasty | Victory |
| 1449 | Defense of Beijing | Oirats | Ming Dynasty | Inconclusive Oirats successfully traded emperor Yingzong for valuables |
| 1479–1510 | Second concatenate Mongolian tribes | Dayan Khan coalition | Various Taishis | Victory Unification of the Mongols |
| 1500–1501 | Raid Dayan Khan on Ningxia | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Ming Dynasty | Defeat |
| 1501–1507 | Northern Yuan-Ming Dynasty War | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Ming Dynasty | Eventual Victory |
| 1550 | Siege of Beijing | Tumed Mongols | Ming Dynasty | Victory More than 60% of city burned Forced peace treaty between Ming and Mongols Capture of many valuables such as horse, silk and gold |
| 1529–1571 | Dayan Khans raid on Ming Dynasty | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Ming Dynasty | Northern yuan victory Ming and Northern Yuan signs peace treaty |
| 1538 | Uriankhai uprising | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Tuvans | Revolt suppressed |
| 1542 | Dayan Khan deathbed clash with Chinese troops | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Ming Dynasty | Victory |
| 1600–1635 | Chahar-Jurchen War | Northern Yuan Dynasty | Later Jin | Defeat Fall of Northern Yuan |
| 1687–1698 | First Dzungar-Qing War | Dzungar Khanate | Qing dynasty | Defeat |
| 1688 | Russian empire invasion to Lake Baikal, Buryat lands | Khalkha Mongols Tüsheet Khan | Russian Empire | Victory Khalkhas pillaged and burned Russian settlements Khalkhas raided and plundered Russians and their reinforcements |
| 1715–1739 | Second Dzungar-Qing War | Dzungar Khanate | Qing dynasty | Peaceful agreement |
| 1755–1759 | Ten Great Campaigns genocide of the Dzungars | Dzungar Khanate | Qing dynasty | Defeat Capture of the Dzungar Khanate |

## Dzungar Khanate and Kalmyk Khanate

This section contains list of wars involving Dzungar Khanate and Kalmyk Khanate.

### Dzungar Khanate

| Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
| 1635 | Kazakh-Dzungar conflict | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
| 1640 | Dzungar campaign against the Kazakh Khanate | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
| 1643 | Battle of Orbulaq | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
| 1678–1680 | Dzungar conquest of Altishahr | Dzungar Khanate | Yarkent Khanate | Victory |
| 1680 | Dzungar invasion of Tengeri Mountains | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Victory |
| 1680 | Dzungar invasion of Semirechye and South Kazakhstan | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Victory Tauke Khan's son taken as prisoner |
| 1681 | Dzungar invasion of Turfan | Dzungar Khanate | Yarkent Khanate | Victory |
| 1681 | Dzungar invasion of Hami | Dzungar Khanate | Yarkent Khanate | Victory |
| 1683 | Galdan Boshigt's invasion of Kazakh khanate | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Victory Galdan's army reaches Tashkent and Syr Darya Galdan's army subjugates Black Kirghizes and ravages Ferghana v Valley |
| 1683–1684 | Dzungar campaign against the Kazakh Khanate | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Victory Dzungars seized Sayram, Tashkent, Shymkent, and Taraz |
| 1690 | Battle of Ulan Butung | Dzungar Khanate | Qing Dynasty | Unclear |
| 1696 | Battle of Jao modo | Dzungar Khanate | Qing Dynasty | Defeat |
| 1711 | Kazakh counteroffensive against the Dzungars | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
| 1712 | Kazakh invasion of the Dzungar Khanate | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
| 1713 | Dzungar campaign against the Kazakh Khanate | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
| 1713–1716 | Bucholz's expedition to Dzungaria | Dzungar Khanate | Tsardom of Russia | Victory |
| 1714 | Battle of the Ayagoz River | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Victory |
| 1714 | Kazakh invasion of the Dzungar Khanate | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
| 1719–1720 | Likharev's expedition to Dzungaria | Dzungar Khanate | Tsardom of Russia | Victory |
| 1723–1730 | Dzungar-Kazakh War Battle of Añyraqai | Dzungar Khanate Kalmyk Khanate Supported by: Russian Empire | Kazakh Khanate | Initial victory, later defeat Kazakhs recaptured Central and Southern Kazakhstan |
| 1730–1731 | Irtysh Operation | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
| 1730–1731 | Altay Operation | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
| 1731 | Qing invasion of the Dzungar Khanate | Dzungar Khanate | Qing Dynasty | Victory |
| 1731 | Battle of Lake Khoton | Dzungar Khanate | Qing Dynasty | Victory |
| 1741 | Dzungar-Kazakh War | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat Ablai Sultan repulsed the Dzungar attack, expanded his field and organized campaigns in the inner regions of Dzungar |
| 1752–1755 | Dzungar-Kazakh War | Dzungar Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat Kazakh reconquest of the Eastern Kazakh Khanate |
| 1755–1757 | Dzungar-Qing War | Dzungar Khanate | Qing Dynasty | Defeat Destruction of the Dzungar Khanate Dzungar genocide |

### Kalmyk Khanate

| Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
| 1608 | Battle of the Baraba steppe | Kalmyk Khanate | Tsardom of Russia | Victory Tara District was devastated |
| 1630 | Siege of Yaik Cossack towns in Yaik River | Kalmyk Khanate | Tsardom of Russia | Defeat |
| 1633–1635 | Kalmyk Conquest of the Nogai Horde | Kalmyk Khanate | Nogai Horde | Victory In 1633, Kho-Urlyuk subjugated the Nogai Horde, resettled the Torguts there, led by his eldest son Shukur Daichin, and himself migrated to Emba. In 1635, the Torguts, having displaced the Nogais, spread along the left bank of the Volga from Astrakhan to Samara. |
| 1680s | Kalmyk campaign against the Kazakh Khanate | Kalmyk Khanate | Kazakh Khanate Turkmen people | Victory Kalmyk conquest of Mangyshlak Turkmens |
| 1696–1710 | Kalmyk-Russian Coalition Great Northern War Bulavin Rebellion Bashkir rebellion of 1704–1711 Kuban Campaign (1711) | Kalmyk Khanate Tsardom of Russia and other | *• Swedish Empire Holstein-Gottorp (1700–1714) Warsaw Confederation (1704–1709)  Ottoman Empire (1710–1714) Crimean Khanate (1710–1714) Cossack Hetmanate (1708–1714) Dutch Republic (1700)  England (1700)  Scotland (1700)  Ireland (1700) Great Britain (1719–1720) Bashkir rebels | Victory |
| 1715 | Crimean campaign to Astrakhan | Kalmyk Khanate | Crimean Khanate | Defeat 60,000 Kalmyks killed |
| 1723–1726 | Abulkhair's campaigns against the Kalmyk Khanate | Kalmyk Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
| 1724 | Volga-Saratov offensive | Kalmyk Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
| 1737–1738 | Kazakh campaign against the Kalmyks and Yaik Cossacks | Russian Empire Kalmyk Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
| 1743–1747 | Abul Khair–Neplyuyev conflict | Russian Empire Kalmyk Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat 815 Kalmyks and Russians were killed |
| 1755 | Zhaugash Batyr's counteroffensive | Kalmyk Khanate | Kazakh Khanate | Defeat |
| 1756 | First Kazakh–Qing War | Kalmyk Khanate Qing dynasty | Kazakh Khanate | Initial victory, later defeat 17,000 Chinese were killed in the Battle of the Shiderty River. |
| 1771 | Kalmyk Exodus to Dzungaria | Kalmyk Khanate | Kazakh Khanate Supported by: Russian Empire Qing dynasty | Defeat Liquidation of the Kalmyk Khanate This campaign turned into a national tragedy for the Kalmyks. On the way, the small Kalmyk ethnic group lost more than 100,000 people in just a year, in battle, from wounds, cold, hunger, disease, and captured |

## Beginning of the 20th century

This section contains list of wars and major battlesinvolving different Mongolian states that existed in the first four decades of the 20th century (Mongolia (1911–1924), Buryat-Mongolia, Uryankhay Republic).
| Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
| 1911–1912 | Mongolian Revolution of 1911 | Bogd Khanate of Mongolia | Qing dynasty China | Victory Establishment of an independent Mongolia |
| 1912 | Liberation of Khovd | Bogd Khanate of Mongolia | Qing dynasty China | Victory |
| 1913 | Operation Бух чичүүр | Bogd Khanate of Mongolia | | Victory |
| 1913 | Operation Crazy Tiger Invasion | Bogd Khanate of Mongolia | | Victory |
| 1912–1915 | Bogd Khanate's attempt to liberate Inner Mongolia | Bogd Khanate of Mongolia | | Initial Victory Treaty of Khyagta (1915) Liberates Hulunbuir Liberates Shiliin gol Around 3000 Chinese killed |
| 1917–1923 | Russian Civil War — Eastern Front of the Russian Civil War | Buryat-Mongolia Green Ukraine | White Movement Red Army | Defeat |
| 1919–1921 | Occupation of Mongolia | Bogd Khanate of Mongolia Buryat-Mongolia White Movement | Republic of China | Initial defeat, Later victory Mongolian military defeat Liberation of Mongolia by the White Army's Asiatic Cavalry Division |
| 1920 | Liberation of Urga | Bogd Khanate of Mongolia Baron Ungern | | Victory |
| 1921 | Battle for Khyagta | RPGOM | Republic of China | Victory |
| 1921 | Mongolian Revolution of 1921 | Bogd Khanate of Mongolia White Movement | RPGOM Red Army | Defeat of the Bogd Khaanate Creation of the Mongolian People's Republic |
| 1935–1937 | Suiyuan Campaign | Mongol Military Government Japan | China | Defeat |

## Mongolian People's Republic

This section contains list of wars involving Mongolian People's Republic.
| Date | Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Result |
| 1932 | Khuvsgul Uprising | Mongolian People's Republic | Buddhist lamas Tibet (alleged) Empire of Japan (alleged) | Victory |
| 1935 | Battle of Khalkhyn Temple | Mongolian People's Republic | Empire of Japan | Victory |
| 1939 | Battles of Khalkhin Gol | Soviet Union Mongolian People's Republic | Empire of Japan Manchukuo | Victory |
| 1939–1945 | Soviet–Japanese War (World War II) | Soviet Union Mongolian People's Republic | Japan Manchukuo Mengjiang | Victory (for the Mongolian People's Republic) |
| 1946–1948 | Battle of Baitag Bogd | Soviet Union Mongolian People's Republic | China | Return to status quo ante bellum |

## Sources

* https://web.archive.org/web/20160721035626/http://www.legendtour.ru/rus/mongolia/history/history.shtml
* http://gumilevica.kulichki.net/HPH/index.html