# List of potentially habitable exoplanets

The following list includes some of the potentially habitable exoplanets discovered so far. It is mostly based on estimates of habitability by the Habitable Worlds Catalog (HWC), and data from the NASA Exoplanet Archive. The HWC is maintained by the Planetary Habitability Laboratory at the University of Puerto Rico at Arecibo. There is also a speculative list being developed of superhabitable planets.
Surface planetary habitability is thought to require an orbit at the right distance from the host star for liquid surface water to be present, in addition to various geophysical and geodynamical aspects, atmospheric density, radiation type and intensity, and the host star's plasma environment.

## List

This is a list of confirmed exoplanets within the circumstellar habitable zone that are either under 10 Earth masses or smaller than 2.5 Earth radii, and thus have a chance of being rocky. Note that inclusion on this list does not guarantee habitability, and in particular the larger planets are more unlikely to have a rocky composition. Earth is included for both comparison and reference, while Venus and Mars are included for reference only.
Note that mass and radius values prefixed with "~" have not been measured, but are estimated from the mass-radius relationship.
| Object | Star | Star type | Mass (M$_⊕$) | Radius (R$_⊕$) | Density (g/cm$^3$) | Flux (F$_⊕$) | T$_{eq}$ (K) | Period (days) | Distance (ly) | Refs/Notes |
| Earth (reported for reference) | Sun | G2V | 1.00 | 1.00 | 5.514 | 1.00 | 255 | 365.25 | 0 | Only planet confirmed to support life |
| Venus (reported for reference) | Sun | G2V | 0.815 | 0.950 | 5.243 | 1.911 | 244.261 | 224.70 | 0.0000042 | |
| Mars (reported for reference) | Sun | G2V | 0.107 | 0.533 | 3.934 | 0.431 | 209.8 | 686.98 | 0.0000058 - 0.000042 | |
| Gliese 12 b | Gliese 12 | M4V | 0.88+0.39 −0.26 | 1.03±0.11 | 4.44 | 1.6±0.2 | 315 | 12.7 | 40 | Might resemble Venus and be unhabitable |
| Gliese 163 c | Gliese 163 | M3V | ≥6.80 | — | — | 1.25 | 277 | 25.6 | 49 | |
| Gliese 180 d | Gliese 180 | M2V | ≥7.56 | — | — | 0.26 | | 106.3 | 39 | |
| Gliese 357 d | Gliese 357 | M2V | ≥6.10 | — | — | 0.38 | 200 | 55.7 | 31 | |
| Gliese 433 d | Gliese 433 | M2V | ≥5.22 | — | — | 1.06 | | 36.1 | 29.6 | |
| Gliese 514 b | Gliese 514 | M1V | ≥5.20 | — | — | 0.28+0.51 −0.166 | 202 | 140.4 | 25 | Highly eccentric |
| Gliese 555 b | Gliese 555 | M4V | ≥5.46 | — | — | 0.5 | 214 | 36.2 | 20.4 | Probably a mini-Neptune or an ocean planet |
| Gliese 625 b | Gliese 625 | M2V | ≥2.82 | — | — | | | 14.628 | 21.1 | Only in HZ if very optimistic models used |
| Gliese 667 Cc | Gliese 667 C | M1V | ≥3.81 | ~1.54 | — | 0.88 | 277 | 28.1 | 23.62 | |
| Gliese 1002 b | Gliese 1002 | M5V | ≥1.08 | ~1.03 | — | 0.67 | 231 | 10.3 | 15.8 | |
| Gliese 1002 c | Gliese 1002 | M5V | ≥1.36 | 1.1 | — | 0.26 | 182 | 21.2 | 15.8 | |
| GJ 1061 c | GJ 1061 | M5V | ≥1.74 | ~1.18 | — | 1.45 | 275 | 6.7 | 12 | |
| GJ 1061 d | GJ 1061 | M5V | ≥1.64 | ~1.16 | — | 0.69 | 218 | 13.0 | 12 | |
| GJ 3293 d | GJ 3293 | M2V | ≥7.60 | — | — | 0.59 | 223 | 48.1 | 66 | |
| GJ 3998 d | GJ 3998 | M1V | ≥6.07 | — | — | | | 41.8 | 58 | |
| HD 20794 d | HD 20794 | G8V | ≥5.82 | — | — | | | 647.6 | 19.7 | Highly eccentric orbit and could also be a mini-Neptune |
| HD 216520 c | HD 216520 | K0V | ≥9.44 | — | — | 1.28 | | 154.4 | 64 | |
| HIP 38594 b | HIP 38594 | M0V | ≥8.10 | — | — | 1.34 | | 60.7 | 58 | |
| K2-9b | K2-9 | M2V | — | 2.25 | — | 1.45 | 279 | 18.4 | 270 | |
| K2-72e | K2-72 | M?V | ~2.21 | 1.29 | — | 1.30 | 261 | 24.2 | 217 | |
| K2-332b | K2-332 | M?V | — | 2.20 | — | 1.17 | | 17.7 | 402 | |
| K2-288Bb | K2-288 B | M3V | 4.27 | 1.91 | — | 0.44 | 207 | 31.4 | 214 | |
| Kepler-22b | Kepler-22 | G5V | — | 2.38 | — | 1.10 | 261 | 289.9 | 635 | |
| Kepler-62e | Kepler-62 | K2V | 4.5+14.2 −2.6 | 1.61 | — | 1.15 | 264 | 122.4 | 981 | |
| Kepler-62f | Kepler-62 | K2V | 2.8±0.4 | 1.41 | — | 0.41 | 204 | 267.3 | 981 | |
| Kepler-155c | Kepler-155 | M0V | — | 2.24 | — | 1.05 | | 52.7 | 957 | |
| Kepler-174d | Kepler-174 | K3V | — | 2.19 | — | 0.59 | 206 | 247.4 | 1254 | |
| Kepler-186f | Kepler-186 | M1V | 1.44+2.33 −1.12 | 1.17 | — | 0.29 | 188 | 129.9 | 579 | |
| Kepler-283c | Kepler-283 | K5V | — | 1.82 | — | 0.89 | 248 | 92.7 | 1526 | |
| Kepler-296e | Kepler-296 | K7V | 2.96 | 1.52 | — | 1.41 | 276 | 34.1 | 737 | |
| Kepler-296f | Kepler-296 | K7V | — | 1.80 | — | 0.44 | 225 | 63.3 | 737 | |
| Kepler-442b | Kepler-442 | K5V | 2.36+5.9 −1.3 | 1.35 | — | 0.70 | 233 | 112.3 | 1193 | |
| Kepler-440b | Kepler-440 | K6V | — | 1.91 | — | 1.44 | 273 | 101.1 | 981 | |
| Kepler-443b | Kepler-443 | K3V | — | 2.35 | — | 0.89 | 247 | 177.7 | 2615 | |
| Kepler-705b | Kepler-705 | M?V | — | 2.11 | — | 0.77 | 243 | 56.1 | 903 | |
| Kepler-1229b | Kepler-1229 | M?V | 2.540 | 1.40 | — | 0.32 | 213 | 86.8 | 865 | |
| Kepler-1410b | Kepler-1410 | K?V | — | 1.78 | — | 1.07 | 274 | 60.9 | 1196 | |
| Kepler-1455b | Kepler-1455 | K?V | — | 2.10 | — | 1.30 | | 49.3 | 1280 | |
| Kepler-1540b | Kepler-1540 | K?V | — | 2.49 | — | 0.78 | 250 | 125.4 | 799 | |
| Kepler-1544 b | Kepler-1544 | K2V | — | 1.78 | — | 0.84 | 248 | 168.8 | 1092 | |
| Kepler-1606b | Kepler-1606 | G?V | — | 2.07 | — | 1.64 | 277 | 196.4 | 2710 | |
| Kepler-1649c | Kepler-1649 | M5V | 1.20 | 1.06 | — | 0.75 | 237 | 19.5 | 301 | |
| Kepler-1652b | Kepler-1652 | M?V | — | 1.60 | — | 0.84 | 244 | 38.1 | 822 | |
| Kepler-1653b | Kepler-1653 | K?V | — | 2.17 | — | 1.04 | 258 | 140.3 | 2461 | |
| Kepler-1701b | Kepler-1701 | K?V | — | 2.22 | — | 1.42 | 275 | 169.1 | 1904 | |
| LHS 1140 b | LHS 1140 | M4V | 5.60 | 1.73 | 5.9±0.3 | 0.43 | 226 | 24.7 | 49 | Likely an ocean world with or without an atmosphere |
| LP 890-9 c | LP 890-9 | M6V | — | 1.37 | — | 0.91 | 272 | 8.46 | 105 | |
| Luyten b | Luyten's Star | M3V | ≥2.89 | ~1.35 | — | 1.06 | 258 | 18.65 | 12.3 | |
| Proxima Centauri b | Proxima Centauri | M5V | ≥1.07$^{:16}$ | 1.17±0.23 | — | 0.70 | 228 | 11.186 | 4.25 | Affected by stellar flare, possibly affected by high radiation flux |
| Ross 128 b | Ross 128 | M4V | ≥1.40 | ~1.80 | — | 1.48 | 280 | 9.87 | 11.0 | |
| Ross 508 b | Ross 508 | M4V | ≥4.00 | — | — | 1.32 | | 10.8 | 37 | |
| Teegarden's Star b | Teegarden's Star | M7V | ≥1.05 | ~1.02 | — | 1.15 | 264 | 4.91 | 12.5 | Radius is estimated |
| Teegarden's Star c | Teegarden's Star | M7V | ≥1.11 | ~1.04 | — | 0.37 | 199 | 11.4 | 12.5 | |
| TOI-700 d | TOI-700 | M2V | ~1.72 | 1.14 | — | 0.87 | 246 | 37.4 | 101 | |
| TOI-700 e | TOI-700 | M2V | 0.82 | 0.95 | — | 1.27 | 273 | 27.8 | 101 | |
| TOI-715 b | TOI-715 | M4V | 3.02 | 1.55 | — | 0.67 | 234 | 19.29 | 137 | [44] [45] |
| TOI-2257 b | TOI-2257 | M3V | 5.712+4.288 −2.311 | 2.20 | — | 0.57+1.68 −0.31 | 256+61 −17 | 35.2 | 188 | Highly eccentric |
| TRAPPIST-1d | TRAPPIST-1 | M8V | 0.39 | 0.78 | 3.39 | 1.12 | 258 | 4.05 | 41 | Confirmed to be rocky |
| TRAPPIST-1e | TRAPPIST-1 | M8V | 0.69 | 0.92 | 5.65 | 0.65 | 230 | 6.1 | 41 | Confirmed to be rocky |
| TRAPPIST-1f | TRAPPIST-1 | M8V | 1.04 | 1.04 | 3.3 ± 0.9 | 0.37 | 200 | 9.2 | 41 | Confirmed to be rocky |
| TRAPPIST-1g | TRAPPIST-1 | M8V | 1.32 | 1.13 | 4.186 | 0.25 | 182 | 12.4 | 41 | Confirmed to be rocky |
| Wolf 1069 b | Wolf 1069 | M5V | ≥1.26 | ~1.08 | — | 0.65 | 250 | 15.6 | 31.2 | |
| Wolf 1061c | Wolf 1061 | M3V | ≥3.41 | ~1.60 | — | 1.30 | 271 | 17.9 | 13.8 | |

## Current candidates

This is a list of notable exoplanets within the circumstellar habitable zone that are either under 10 Earth masses or smaller than 2.5 Earth radii and have not yet been confirmed. Earth is included for both comparison and reference, while Venus and Mars are included for reference only.
| Object | Star | Star type | Mass (M$_⊕$) | Radius (R$_⊕$) | Density (g/cm$^3$) | Flux (F$_⊕$) | T$_{eq}$ (K) | Period (days) | Distance (ly) | Refs/Notes |
| Earth (reported for reference) | Sun | G2V | 1.00 | 1.00 | 5.514 | 1.00 | 255 | 365.25 | 0 | Only planet confirmed to support life |
| Venus (reported for reference) | Sun | G2V | 0.815 | 0.950 | 5.243 | 1.911 | 244.261 | 224.70 | 0.0000042 | |
| Mars (reported for reference) | Sun | G2V | 0.107 | 0.533 | 3.934 | 0.431 | 209.8 | 686.98 | 0.0000058 - 0.000042 | |
| Gliese 180 c | Gliese 180 | M2V | ≥6.40 | — | — | 0.78 | 239 | 24.3 | 39 | |
| HD 40307 g | HD 40307 | K2V | ≥7.09 | — | — | 0.67 | 226 | 197.8 | 42 | |
| Kepler-452b | Kepler-452 | G2V | ~5 | 1.63 | — | 1.11 | 261 | 384.8 | 1799 | |
| KOI-4878b | KOI-4878 | F8V | ~1.9+1.1 −0.5 | 1.05 | — | 1.04+1.1 −0.34 | 257 | 449.0 | 1075 | |
| L 98-59 f | L 98-59 | M3V | ≥2.46 | — | — | >1 | ~280 | 23.15 | 34.6 | |
| Lacaille 9352 d | Lacaille 9352 | M0V | ≥8.3 | — | — | | | 50.7 | 10.7 | |
| LTT 1445 Ad | LTT 1445A | M2V | ≥2.72 | — | — | | | 24.3 | 22.4 | |
| Tau Ceti f | Tau Ceti | G8V | ≥3.93 | — | — | 0.27 | 190 | 642 | 11.9 | Has been only in HZ for less than 1 Gya |
| TOI-715.02 | TOI-715 | M4V | | 1.066±0.092 | | 0.48+0.12 −0.17 | | 25.6 | 137 | |
| (unnamed planet) | WD 1054–226 | DAZ | ~1 | — | — | | | 1.04 | 118 | |

## Previous candidates

Some exoplanet candidates detected by radial velocity that were originally thought to be potentially habitable were later found to most likely be artifacts of stellar activity. These include Gliese 581 d & g, Gliese 667 Ce & f, Gliese 682 b & c, Kapteyn b, Gliese 229 Ac and Gliese 832 c.
HD 85512 b was initially estimated to be potentially habitable, but updated models for the boundaries of the habitable zone placed the planet interior to the HZ, and it is now considered non-habitable. Kepler-69c has gone through a similar process; though initially estimated to be potentially habitable, it was quickly realized that the planet is more likely to be similar to Venus, and is thus no longer considered habitable. Several other planets, such as Gliese 180 b, also appear to be examples of planets once considered potentially habitable but later found to be interior to the habitable zone.
Similarly, Tau Ceti e was thought to be likely habitable, but with improved models of the circumstellar habitable zone, as of 2022 PHL does not consider it potentially habitable. Kepler-438b was also initially considered potentially habitable; however, it was later found to be a subject of powerful flares that can strip a planet of its atmosphere, so it is now considered non-habitable.
K2-3d and K2-18b were originally considered potentially habitable, and the latter remains listed in the HEC, but recent studies have shown them to be gaseous sub-Neptunes rather than being the Hycean planets and thus unlikely to be habitable.
Kepler-1638b was thought to be a possibly habitable planet with a radius smaller than 2 R$_🜨$ after the validation. However based on the later measurement of host star parallax by Gaia, the radius of the planet was revised upward to 3.226+0.201 −0.315 R$_🜨$, resulting in it being a ice giant like Neptune with poor prospect for habitability.
KOI-1686.01 was also considered a potentially habitable exoplanet after its detection in 2011, until proven a false positive by NASA in 2015. Several other KOIs, like Kepler-577b and Kepler-1649b, were considered potentially habitable prior to confirmation, but with new data are no longer considered habitable.