# Firozpur district

Firozpur district, also known as Ferozepur district, is one of the twenty-three districts in the state of Punjab, India. Firozpur district comprises an area of 2,190 km$^2$ (850 sq mi).
Firozpur (Ferozepur) is the capital city of the district. It is situated inside ten gates—Amritsari Gate, Wansi Gate, Makhu Gate, Zira Gate, Bagdadi Gate, Mori Gate, Delhi Gate, Magjani Gate, Multani Gate, and Kasuri Gate.

## History

Ferozepore district was annexed by the British from its former Sikh rulers after the First Anglo-Sikh War of 1845–1846.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 Census the undivided Firozpur district had a population of 2,029,074. This gives it a ranking of 230th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 380 inhabitants per square kilometre (980/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001–2011 was 16.08%. Firozpur has a sex ratio of 893 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 69.8%. (This data is before the creation of Fazilka district.)
After bifurcation of Fazilika district, the residual district has a population of 1,001,931. Scheduled Castes made up 42.85% of the population.

### Gender

The table below shows the sex ratio of Firozpur district through decades.
Sex ratio of Firozpur district :
| Census year | Ratio |
| 2011 | 893 |
| 2001 | 885 |
| 1991 | 895 |
| 1981 | 884 |
| 1971 | 876 |
| 1961 | 840 |
| 1951 | 835 |
| 1941 | 810 |
| 1931 | 814 |
| 1921 | 802 |
| 1911 | 778 |
| 1901 | 826 |
The table below shows the child sex ratio of children below the age of 6 years in the rural and urban areas of Firozpur district.
Child sex ratio of children below the age of 6 years in Firozpur district :
| Year | Urban | Rural |
| 2011 | 838 | 845 |
| 2001 | 813 | 825 |

### Religion

Religion in New Firozpur district (2011) :
| Religion | Religion | Percent | Percent |
| Sikhism | Sikhism | 68.59% | 68.59% |
| Hinduism | Hinduism | 28.83% | 28.83% |
| Christianity | Christianity | 1.83% | 1.83% |
| Other or not stated | Other or not stated | 0.75% | 0.75% |
Religion in Undivided Firozpur District :
| Religious group | 2011 | 2011 |
| Religious group | Pop. | % |
| Sikhism | 1,090,815 | 53.76% |
| Hinduism | 906,408 | 44.67% |
| Christianity | 19,358 | 0.95% |
| Islam | 6,844 | 0.34% |
| Jainism | 1,143 | 0.06% |
| Buddhism | 454 | 0.02% |
| Others | 4,052 | 0.2% |
| Total Population | 2,029,074 | 100% |
Religious groups in Firozpur District (British Punjab province era) :
| Religious group | 1881 | 1881 | 1891 | 1891 | 1901 | 1901 | 1911 | 1911 | 1921 | 1921 | 1931 | 1931 | 1941 | 1941 |
| Religious group | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % |
| Islam | 310,552 | 47.74% | 404,977 | 45.67% | 447,615 | 46.72% | 418,553 | 43.61% | 482,540 | 43.94% | 515,430 | 44.56% | 641,448 | 45.07% |
| Sikhism | 168,816 | 25.95% | 226,361 | 25.53% | 228,355 | 23.83% | 262,511 | 27.35% | 302,761 | 27.57% | 388,108 | 33.55% | 479,486 | 33.69% |
| Hinduism | 168,645 | 25.92% | 252,200 | 28.44% | 279,099 | 29.13% | 273,832 | 28.53% | 306,350 | 27.89% | 244,688 | 21.15% | 287,733 | 20.22% |
| Christianity | 1,686 | 0.26% | 1,738 | 0.2% | 1,908 | 0.2% | 3,342 | 0.35% | 5,365 | 0.49% | 7,070 | 0.61% | 12,607 | 0.89% |
| Jainism | 811 | 0.12% | 1,381 | 0.16% | 1,090 | 0.11% | 1,401 | 0.15% | 1,211 | 0.11% | 1,411 | 0.12% | 1,674 | 0.12% |
| Zoroastrianism | 9 | 0% | 17 | 0% | 4 | 0% | 18 | 0% | 15 | 0% | 24 | 0% | 28 | 0% |
| Buddhism | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 6 | 0% | 1 | 0% | 1 | 0% |
| Judaism | — | — | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 13 | 0% |
| Others | 0 | 0% | 2 | 0% | 1 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 0 | 0% | 86 | 0.01% |
| Total population | 650,519 | 100% | 886,676 | 100% | 958,072 | 100% | 959,657 | 100% | 1,098,248 | 100% | 1,156,732 | 100% | 1,423,076 | 100% |
| Note: British Punjab province era district borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to district borders — which since created new districts — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases. |||||||||||||||
Religion in the Tehsils of Firozpur District (1921) :
| Tehsil | Hinduism | Hinduism | Islam | Islam | Sikhism | Sikhism | Christianity | Christianity | Jainism | Jainism | Others | Others | Total | Total |
| Tehsil | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % |
| Firozpur Tehsil | 56,486 | 25.47% | 115,506 | 52.09% | 46,535 | 20.99% | 2,655 | 1.2% | 534 | 0.24% | 21 | 0.01% | 221,737 | 100% |
| Zira Tehsil | 27,037 | 16.25% | 105,123 | 63.19% | 33,296 | 20.01% | 628 | 0.38% | 289 | 0.17% | 0 | 0% | 166,373 | 100% |
| Moga Tehsil | 41,074 | 19.6% | 50,188 | 23.95% | 117,503 | 56.07% | 767 | 0.37% | 26 | 0.01% | 0 | 0% | 209,558 | 100% |
| Muktsar Tehsil | 54,266 | 25.88% | 88,029 | 41.99% | 66,408 | 31.68% | 603 | 0.29% | 339 | 0.16% | 0 | 0% | 209,645 | 100% |
| Fazilka Tehsil | 127,487 | 43.82% | 123,694 | 42.52% | 39,019 | 13.41% | 712 | 0.24% | 23 | 0.01% | 0 | 0% | 290,935 | 100% |
| Note: British Punjab province era tehsil borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to tehsil borders — which since created new tehsils — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases. |||||||||||||||
Religion in the Tehsils of Firozpur District (1941) :
| Tehsil | Hinduism | Hinduism | Islam | Islam | Sikhism | Sikhism | Christianity | Christianity | Jainism | Jainism | Others | Others | Total | Total |
| Tehsil | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % | Pop. | % |
| Firozpur Tehsil | 53,520 | 18.44% | 160,371 | 55.25% | 70,782 | 24.38% | 3,847 | 1.33% | 745 | 0.26% | 1,021 | 0.35% | 290,286 | 100% |
| Zira Tehsil | 18,863 | 8.95% | 137,586 | 65.26% | 50,209 | 23.82% | 3,801 | 1.8% | 349 | 0.17% | 11 | 0.01% | 210,819 | 100% |
| Moga Tehsil | 30,531 | 10.91% | 66,855 | 23.9% | 181,454 | 64.86% | 823 | 0.29% | 32 | 0.01% | 68 | 0.02% | 279,763 | 100% |
| Muktsar Tehsil | 46,169 | 17.13% | 115,350 | 42.79% | 106,270 | 39.42% | 948 | 0.35% | 313 | 0.12% | 529 | 0.2% | 269,579 | 100% |
| Fazilka Tehsil | 138,650 | 37.21% | 161,286 | 43.28% | 70,771 | 18.99% | 1,612 | 0.43% | 235 | 0.06% | 75 | 0.02% | 372,629 | 100% |
| Note1: British Punjab province era tehsil borders are not an exact match in the present-day due to various bifurcations to tehsil borders — which since created new tehsils — throughout the historic Punjab Province region during the post-independence era that have taken into account population increases. Note2: Tehsil religious breakdown figures for Christianity only includes local Christians, labeled as "Indian Christians" on census. Does not include Anglo-Indian Christians or British Christians, who were classified under "Other" category. |||||||||||||||

### Language

* Punjabi (93.01%)
* Rajasthani (5.67%)
* Others (1.32%)
At the time of the 2011 census, 93.01% of the population spoke Punjabi and 5.67% Rajasthani as their first language.

## Health

The table below shows the number of road accidents and people affected in Firozpur district by year.
Road accidents and people affected in Firozpur district by year :
| Year | Accidents | Killed | Injured | Vehicles Involved |
| 2022 | 155 | 134 | 55 | 155 |
| 2021 | 179 | 152 | 68 | 124 |
| 2020 | 150 | 119 | 64 | 123 |
| 2019 | 163 | 136 | 36 | 126 |

## Politics

| No. | Constituency | Name of MLA | Party | Bench |
| 75 | Zira | Naresh Kataria | Aam Aadmi Party | Government |
| 76 | Firozpur City | Ranveer Singh Bhullar | Aam Aadmi Party | Government |
| 77 | Firozpur Rural (SC) | Rajnish Dahiya | Aam Aadmi Party | Government |
| 78 | Guru Har Sahai | Fauja Singh Srari | Aam Aadmi Party | Government |

## Administration

The district is administratively into the following tehsils:
* Firozpur
* Zira
* Guru Har Sahai
List of Sub-Tehsils of Firozpur
* Makhu
* Talwandi Bhai
* Mamdot
* Mudki
Blocks of district Firozpur
* Firozpur
* Ghall Khurd
* Guru Har Sahai
* Makhu
* Mamdot
* Zira
Vidhan Sabha Seats in Firozpur
* Firozpur
* Firozpur Rural
* Guru Har Sahai
* Zira

## Notable people

* Mohinder Singh Randhawa, a historian, civil servant, botanist, and author
* Harvinder Sahota, an Indian American cardiologist, researcher and inventor, known for the invention of Perfusion Balloon Angioplasty known as "Sahota Perfusion Balloon"
* Kamaljeet Sandhu, an athlete, first Indian woman to win an individual gold medal in Asian games and receiver of Padma Shri award.
* Man Mohan Sondhi, researcher in speech processing and signal processing who worked at Bell Laboratories, famous for his research on echo cancellation.
* Bhai Nirmal Singh Khalsa, first Hazoori Ragi to awarded the Padma Shri, highly regarded ragi with knowledge of all 31 Raags of Guru Granth Sahib.
* Sada Kaur, Rani of Sarkar-e-Khalsa.
* Gerry Whent, founder and first chief executive of Vodafone.
* Mahabali Shera, Indian professional wrestler.
* Bano Qudsia, a Pakistani novelist, playwright and spiritualist
* Verma Malik, an active freedom fighter during the British Raj, a lyricist in bollywood and punjabi movies, poet.
* Frederick Currie (cricketer), an English first-class cricketer and British Army officer.