# Great British Energy

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Great British Energy (shortened to GB Energy or GBE) is a planned British government-owned renewable energy investment body that forms part of the Labour Party's plans for energy policy. The proposed body would invest in renewable energy and own, manage and operate clean power projects. Proposals for the body were put forward by Labour in 2021 while in opposition, and the first steps to establish it were taken in late 2024 by the Starmer government.
The Great British Energy Bill that is intended to formally set up Great British Energy has passed through the House of Lords and will be returned to the House of Commons on 25 March 2025.

## Origins

The proposal to create Great British Energy was put forward by the former Labour leader Ed Miliband in his capacity as Shadow Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy in 2021, as part of a wider platform of policies named the "Green Prosperity Plan". According to The Guardian, "Mathew Lawrence, the founder and director of the Common Wealth thinktank, [is] credited with coming up with the original idea for a national energy company".
Prior to June 2024, Great British Energy had been floated by the Labour Party as being a proposal for the creation of an energy generating company, rather than an investment body. As the minister responsible, Miliband later recommitted to the proposal of GBE as an energy generator, comparing the body to energy companies such as Ørsted and Statkraft.

## Creation

On 5 July 2024, Ed Miliband was newly appointed as Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero and made his first formal announcement to civil servants, outlining his priorities to make the UK a clean energy superpower with the creation of GB Energy.
The government initiated a plan to utilise the Crown Estate's British seabed for windfarms, aiming to power 20 million homes. This was the first major move by GB Energy, receiving £8.3bn in state funding to boost renewable energy. Ed Miliband asserted that the initiative would eventually lower household bills, although the Conservative Party criticised it as costly for families. The plan also included discussions with Scotland and Northern Ireland for similar projects. The government sought to attract £60bn in private investment, and to involve GB Energy in various renewable projects, including carbon capture and tidal energy.
In July 2024, Jürgen Maier, former chief executive of Siemens UK, was appointed chair of GB Energy. Great British Energy Group Limited was incorporated in October 2024, with the Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero as sole shareholder.

## Operations

Great British Energy is headquartered in Aberdeen, Scotland. A target has been set for GBE to be directly responsible for generating 8 GW of renewable power by 2030. According to the Labour Party, some of the funding for GBE would be provided from additional taxation of the fossil fuel industry.
In October 2024, Maier said GBE had been promised £8.3 billion of investment capital over the next five years, for offshore wind, hydrogen power, carbon capture and nuclear power developments. GBE will begin by taking minority stakes in new projects.

## Reaction

The Green Party and the UUP have voted for readings of the bill alongside the Labour Party.
Opposition to the planned GB Energy included the claim from the Conservative opposition that GB Energy would lead to higher energy bills, as part of a general opposition to state-ownership of the electricity markets, which led to the moniker "Giant Bills Energy". The Conservatives and the DUP have both voted against readings of the bill.