# 1914 Ottoman census

The 1914 Ottoman census was published as the Memalik-i Osmaniyyenin 1330 Senesi Nütus Istatistiki. The statistics were prepared by using the figures from the 1905–06 census of the Ottoman Empire..
The 1914 census data reflected major changes in the territorial boundaries and administrative divisions of the Ottoman state. The 1914 Ottoman general election provided a significant source of population data. The Empire's total population in the census was recorded as 18,520,015. The grand total for 1914 showed a "net gain" of 1,131,454 people from the 1905-06 Ottoman census survey. The data reflected the loss of territory and population in Europe due to the Balkan Wars, as the total net gain within the Ottoman state’s population was 3,496,068.
The census underestimated non-Muslim populations. For example, in Diyarbekir, the Armenian population was reported at 73,226 in the 1914 Ottoman census, but in September 1915, Reshid Bey announced that he had deported 120,000 Armenians from the province.

## Census data

| Vilayet | Muslims | Greek Orthodox | Armenian Orthodox | Jews | Greek Catholics | Armenian Catholics | Protestants | Latins | Syriacs | Chaldeans | Jacobites | Maronites | Samarians | Nestorians | Yazidis | Gypsies | Druze | Cossacks | Serbs | Wallachians | Total |
| Balkans ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Çatalca$^1$ | 20,048 | 36,797 | 842 | 1,480 | - | - | - | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 59,756 |
| Edirne | 360,417 | 224,459 | 19,725 | 22,515 | 21 | 48 | 115 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 631,094 |
| Constantinople | 560,434 | 205,375 | 72,962 | 52,126 | 387 | 9,918 | 1,213 | 2,905 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 909,978 |
| Anatolia ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adana | 341,903 | 8,537 | 50,139 | 66 | 437 | 2,511 | 5,036 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 411,023 |
| Ankara | 877,285 | 20,226 | 44,507 | 1,026 | 14 | 7,069 | 2,381 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 953,817 |
| Antalya$^1$ | 235,762 | 12,385 | 630 | 250 | - | - | - | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 249,686 |
| Aydın | 1,249,067 | 299,096 | 19,395 | 35,041 | 1 | 892 | 479 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 1,608,742 |
| Bitlis | 309,999 | - | 114,704 | - | - | 2,788 | 1,640 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 437,479 |
| Bolu$^1$ | 399,281 | 5,146 | 2,961 | 20 | 5 | 9 | 2 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 408,648 |
| Canik$^1$ | 265,950 | 98,739 | 27,058 | 27 | - | 261 | 1,257 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 393,302 |
| Diyarbekir | 492,101 | 1,822 | 55,890 | 2,085 | 113 | 9,960 | 7,376 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 619,825 |
| Erzurum | 673,297 | 4,859 | 125,657 | 10 | 5 | 8,720 | 2,241 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 815,432 |
| Eskişehir$^1$ | 140,578 | 2,613 | 8,276 | 728 | - | 316 | 215 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 152,726 |
| İçil$^1$ | 102,034 | 2,500 | 341 | 10 | 7 | - | - | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 105,194 |
| İzmit$^1$ | 226,859 | 40,048 | 55,403 | 428 | - | 449 | 1,937 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 325,153 |
| Kale-i Sultaniye$^1$ | 149,903 | 8,541 | 2,474 | 3,642 | 9 | - | 67 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 165,815 |
| Karahisar-i Sahip$^1$ | 277,659 | 632 | 7,437 | 7 | - | 2 | 9 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 285,820 |
| Karesi$^1$ | 359,804 | 97,497 | 8,544 | 362 | - | 109 | 51 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 472,970 |
| Kastamonu | 737,302 | 20,958 | 8,959 | 8 | - | - | - | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 767,227 |
| Kayseri$^1$ | 184,292 | 26,590 | 48,659 | - | - | 1,515 | 2,018 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 263,074 |
| Konya | 750,712 | 25,071 | 12,971 | 4 | 79 | - | 254 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 789,308 |
| Kütahya$^1$ | 303,348 | 8,755 | 3,910 | - | - | 638 | - | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 316,894 |
| Mamuret-ül-Aziz | 446,379 | 971 | 76,070 | - | - | 3,751 | 8,043 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 538,227 |
| Maraş$^1$ | 152,645 | 11 | 27,842 | 251 | 23 | 4,480 | 6,111 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 192,555 |
| Menteşe$^1$ | 188,916 | 19,923 | 12 | 1,615 | - | - | - | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 210,874 |
| Niğde$^1$ | 227,100 | 58,312 | 4,890 | - | - | 45 | 769 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 291,117 |
| Sivas | 939,735 | 75,324 | 143,406 | 344 | - | 3,693 | 4,575 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 1,169,443 |
| Trabzon | 921,128 | 161,574 | 37,549 | 8 | - | 1,350 | 1,338 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 1,122,947 |
| Urfa$^1$ | 149,384 | 2 | 15,161 | - | 865 | 1,557 | 1,652 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 170,988 |
| Van Vilayet | 179,380 | 1 | 67,792 | 1,383 | - | - | - | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 259,141 |
| Levant ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beyrut | 648,314 | 87,244 | 1,188 | 15,052 | 24,210 | 277 | 3,823 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 824,873 |
| Halep | 576,320 | 13,772 | 35,104 | 12,193 | 8,182 | 5,739 | 8,643 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 667,790 |
| Kudüs-i Şerif | 266,044 | 26,035 | 1,310 | 21,259 | 1,086 | - | 1,733 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 328,168 |
| Suriye | 791,582 | 60,978 | 413 | 10,140 | 27,662 | 247 | 1,873 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 918,409 |
| Zor$^1$ | 65,770 | 18 | 67 | 2 | 27 | 215 | 1 | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | 66,294 |
| Total | 15,044,846 | 1,729,738 | 1,161,169 | 187,073 | 62,468 | 67,838 | 65,844 | 24,845 | 54,750 | 4,133 | 13,211 | 6,932 | 47,406 | 164 | 8,091 | 6,957 | 11,169 | 7,385 | 1,006 | 14,908 | 82 | 18,520,016 |
As a result of the substantial territorial losses in Europe suffered during the Balkan Wars, the total population of the Empire fell to 18,520,016, of whom an even larger percentage than before, 15,044,846, were counted as Muslim, with 1,729,738 as Greek Orthodox, 1,161,169 as Armenian Gregorian, 187,073 as Jewish, 68,838 as Armenian Catholic, 65,844 as Protestant, and 62,468 as Greek Catholic. No separate figures were given for Franks.
The capital, Constantinople (Istanbul) was an important location due to expulsions from Balkan Wars. According to the 1914 census, its population increased slightly, to 909,978, excluding Franks, with 560,434 Muslims, 205,375 Greek Orthodox, 72,963 Armenian Gregorian, 52,126 Jews, 9,918 Armenian Catholics, 2,905 Roman Catholics, 1,213 Protestants, and 387 Greek Catholics.
    $^1$ Sanjak