# List of Guanshan Biota species

This article lists the fauna of the Guanshan Biota.
The Guanshan Biota is a collection of organisms from Cambrian China within the Wulongqing Formation, dating to near the beginning of Cambrian Stage 4. It is distinguished by its shallow depositional environment and large quantities of brachiopods.

## Ecdysozoa
### Scalidophora

| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
| Guanduscolex | G. minor | Several specimens | Digestive tract preserved | |
| Palaeoscolex | P. xinglongensis | Two incomplete specimens | Also similar to Sahascolex | |
| Mafangscolex | M. cf. yunnanensis | 3 fragmentary specimens | Unclear whether it belongs to this species due to lack of preserved mouthparts | |
| Yunnanoscolex | Y. magnus | Around 50 specimens, most fragmentary | Unusually large for palaeoscolecids | |
| Wudingscolex | W. sapushanensis | Two specimens | Similar to Yunnanoscolex | |
| Paramaotianshania | P. zijunia | 15 specimens, 3 with introverts preserved | Differentiated from Maotianshania by hair-like protrusions and a larger size | |
| Corynetis | C. fortis | Over 100 specimens, around 10 being well-preserved | Has an unusual looped intestine | Reconstruction of Corynetis |
| Xiaoheqingella | X. sp | One specimen | Likely a new species, however the lack of specimens means no name has been provided | Reconstruction of X. peculiaris |
| Eximipriapulus? | ?E. sp | Four specimens | Specimens all found inside hyolith shells, suggesting a “hermiting” lifestyle for the genus. | Reconstruction of Eximipriapulus |

### Panarthropoda

| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
| Guanshancaris | G. kunmingensis | Multiple frontal appendages and oral cones | An amplectobeluid radiodont, formerly placed within Anomalocaris. | Reconstruction of a Guanshancaris frontal appendage |
| Paranomalocaris | P. simplex P. multisegmentalis | Multiple frontal appendages | Unusually similar to the frontal appendages of Kylinxia, possibly a relative | Reconstructions of both Paranomalocaris species' appendages |
| Astutuscaris | A. bispinifer | One mostly complete specimen | Placement within Arthropoda uncertain, no limbs other than frontal appendages preserved | |
| Hallucigenia | H. fortis H. hongmeia H. sparsa | Dozens of isolated sclerites, a few complete specimens | One of the most widely distributed lobopodians | Reconstructions of H. fortis, H. hongmeia, and H. sparsa to scale. |
| Guangweicaris | G. spinatus | Over 150 specimens | Most recent known fuxianhuiid | Fossil of Guangweicaris |
| Leanchoilia | L. ilecebrosa | Several specimens | Also known from the Maotianshan Shales | Restoration of L. superlata |
| Tuzoia | T. sinensis T. ?retifera T. tylodensa | Multiple carapaces | Known from all around the world | Reconstruction of Tuzoia |
| Isoxys | I. wudingensis I. minor | Multiple carapaces | Wide distribution, one of the most common Cambrian arthropods globally | Reconstruction of I. curvirostratus |
| Longquania | L. spinosa | Several partial specimens | Possibly within Trilobitomorpha | |
| Branchiocaris | B. yiliangensis | Several specimens | One of several species from China | Reconstruction of B. pretiosa |
| Liangshanella | L. liangshanensis L. yunnanensis | Multiple carapaces | Also known from the Burgess Shale | Fossil of L. burgessensis |
| Houlongdongella | H. disulcata | Multiple carapaces | | |
| Neokunmingella | N. minuta | Multiple carapaces | |
| Waptia | W. sp | Several partial specimens | Mainly known from the Burgess Shale | Reconstruction of W. fieldensis |
| Parapeytoia | P. sp | Several appendages | Originally classed as a radiodont | Holotype fossil of Parapeytoia |

#### Artiopoda

| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
| Sinoburius | S. sp | Well-preserved specimens | Mainly known from the Maotianshan Shales | Reconstruction, in dorsal and ventral views |
| Panlongia | P. spinosa P. tetranodusa | Multiple specimens | Assigned to Nektaspida in 2024 | Panlongia tetranodusa reconstruction |
| Redlichia | R. mansuyi R. yunnanensis R. noetlingi R. mai R. chinensis R. kaiyangensis | Hundreds of fossils | Most diverse genus in the Guanshan Biota, R. mansuyi specimens preserve gut structures | Fossil of R. chinensis |
| Palaeolenus | P. lantenoisi P. douvillei | Hundreds of fossils | Multiple specimens preserve gut structures | A pair of P. douvillei fossils |
| Megapalaeolenus | M. deprati | Eight specimens | Merged into Palaeolenus multiple times | |
| Yuehsienszella | Y. szechuanensis | Multiple specimens | Found in various other formations in Asia | |
| Kootenia | K. sp | | Mainly known from the Burgess Shale | Fossil of Kootenia from the Burgess Shale |
| Breviredlichia | B. sp | Multiple specimens | Has very large genal spines | |
| Naraoiidae indet. | Unapplicable | 3 specimens | Similar to both naraoiids and Emucaris | |
| Sidneyidae indet. | Unapplicable | One nearly complete specimen | Differing tail fan and tergite shapes distinguish it from Sidneyia | |
| Bailongia | B. longicaudata | One complete specimen | Unclear position within Artiopoda | Fossil and diagram of Bailongia |

## Spiralia

| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
| Bryozoa indet? | Unapplicable | One specimen | Possible bryozoan, earliest record of such if it is one. | |
| Gaoloufangchaeta | G. bifurcus | One mostly complete specimen | Earliest member of Errantia known | Holotype fossil of Gaoloufangchaeta |
| Guanshanchaeta | G. felicia | One specimen | First annelid from Cambrian China found | |

### Brachiopoda

| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
| Linevitus | L. malongensis | Several specimens | Some specimens preserve helens | |
| Heliomedusa | H. minuta | Several specimens | Soft tissues such as the lophophore are preserved. | Fossil of H. orienta |
| Diandongia | D. pista | Over 200 specimens | Likely epifaunal due to its very long pedicle. | Fossil of Diandongia pista |
| Acanthotretella | A. decaius | Around 15 specimens | Likely epifaunal similar to Diandongia above. | |
| Eoobolus | E. malongensis | Around 700 specimens | Formerly placed within Lingulellotreta | |
| Nisusia | N. sp | 6 specimens | A very rare calcareous brachiopod | |
| Kutorgina | K. sp | 8 specimens | A very rare calcareous brachiopod | |
| Neobolus | N. wulongqingensis | Thousands of specimens | Some fossils preserve unusual tubes, which are likely parasites | Various Neobolus fossils |
| Westonia | W. sp | Over 500 specimens | Most common in the higher assemblages of the biota | |
| Linnarssonia | L. sp | Around 60 specimens | Rarest non-calcareous brachiopod in the Guanshan Biota | Possible Linnarssonia fossil |
| Schizopholis | S. sp | Multiple specimens | | |
| Palaeobolus | P. sp | Multiple specimens | Closely related to lingulids | |
| Acrothele | A. rara | Multiple specimens | | |

## Deuterostomia

| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
| Vetulicola | V. gangtoucunensis V. longbaoshanensis | Hundreds of specimens | The two recorded species may be synonymous with each other. | Fossil of V. cuneata |
| Wudingeocrinus | W. rarus | Several specimens | Similar to a genus from the Balang fauna | |
| Kunmingeocrinus | K. cupuliformis | Two specimens | Possibly weakly biomineralised | |
| Phlogites | P. sp | Several specimens | Possibly synonymous with Cheungkongella? | Reconstruction of Phlogites |
| Eldonioidea indet. | Unapplicable | Over 30 specimens | Possibly within Rotadiscidae | |

## Enigmatic/Miscellaneous

| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
| Dinomischidae indet? | Unapplicable | One specimen | Closely resembles Xianguangia, may instead be a cnidarian | |
| Allonnia | A. tenuis | Hundreds of specimens | Member of Chancelloriidae, possibly sponge relatives? | Reconstruction of Allonnia |
| Sinoflabrum | S. antiquum | Several specimens | Similar to both Ediacaran biota and sponges | Fossil of Sinoflabrum |
| Guangweia | G. cheni | 30 specimens, 10 well-preserved | Similar in form to the Ediacaran biota | |
| Nidelric | N. gaoloufangensis | Multiple spines | An enigmatic animal, possibly related to the chancelloriids | |

### Porifera

| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
| Crumillospongia | C. biporosa | Several specimens | Known from multiple sites around the world. | |
| Choia | C. sp. | Several specimens | Known from multiple sites such as the Burgess Shale. | Reconstruction of C. carteri, as according to the Fezouata specimens |
| Paraleptomitella | P. sp. | Many specimens | The most common sponge in the Guanshan Biota. | |
| Archaeocyatha indet? | Unapplicable | Two specimens | Unusually similar to vauxiid sponges, suggesting a relationship between the two | |

### Cnidaria

| Genus | Species | Material | Notes | Images |
| Sphenothallus | S. sp. | Many specimens | Possibly a conulariid. | Holdfast of an Ordovician Sphenothallus |
| Gangtoucunia | G. aspera | Around 80 specimens | Identified as a cnidarian in 2022. | Fossil of Gangtoucunia |