OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Timeline of Harar

This is timeline of Harar, a city in eastern Ethiopia from the initial history to present.

## History

* 1216 – According to the Fath Medīnat Harar, the legendary saint Abadir Umar ar-Rida, along with several religious leaders, came from the Arabian Peninsula to settle in the Harar plateau, where Abadir was supposedly met by the Harla, Gaturi and Argobba people.
* 14th century – the chronicle of Ethiopian Emperor Amda Seyon stated that Gēt (Gēy) was a colony in the Harla colony.
* 1520 – Harar became the capital of Adal Sultanate under Sultan Abu Bakr ibn.
* 1647 – the Emirate of Harar was founded when the Harari people refused to accept Imām 'Umardīn Ādam as their ruler. It was broken away to Aussa Sultanate to form their own state under `Ali in Da `ud.
* 1789 – the Emirate issued the first coins, and went increasingly into the nineteenth century.
* 1875 – In the name of scientific expedition, Muhammad Rauf Pasha led an Egyptian force from Zeila into the interior of southeast Ethiopia.
* 11 October 1875 – Harar was occupied by the Egyptian army.
* 1880-1891 - French poet Arthur Rimbaud established himself as a trader in Harar. He was only the third European ever to set foot in the city, and the first to do business there.
* 1885 – Harar regained its independence under Amir Abdullahi.
* 1886 - Emirate of Harar troops defeat Abyssinian army of Menelik II at the Battle of Hirna
* 9 January 1887 – Harar was ultimately conquered by Emperor Menelik II at the Battle of Chelenqo.
* 1892 – Harar bears the current name.
* 1902 – As Harar lost its commercial importance with the creation of French built Addis Ababa–Djibouti Railway, Dire Dawa was founded as the New Harar.
* 8 May 1936 – Harar was captured by Italian troops under Marshall Rodolfo Graziani during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War.
* 29 March 1941 – the 1st battalion of the Nigeria Regiment, advancing from Jijiga by the way of the Marda Pass, captured Harar for the allies.
* 1944 – Following Anglo-Ethiopian Agreement, the British decided to open consulate in Harar, although not reciprocating the Ethiopian one at Hargeisa.
* March 1960 – After reports of the British violated the London Agreement of 1954, the Ethiopian Ministry of Foreign Affairs ordered the consulate closed.
* October 1977 – the Battle of Harar took place between Ethiopia under the military junta Derg, and Somalia and the Western Somali Liberation Front (WSLF), with the former supported by the Soviet–Cuban soldiers.
* 21 June 1991 – Following the capture of EPRDF from the Derg, Harar along with Afar and Somali Region delayed regional elections.
* 30 June 2020 – the Statue of Haile Selassie’s father in Harar was toppled by Oromo protestors during the Hachalu Hundessa riots.
# Tower of Jericho

The Tower of Jericho (Arabic: برج أريحا) is an 8.5-metre-tall (28 ft) stone structure built in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A period around 8000 BC. It is part of Tell es-Sultan, a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the State of Palestine, in the city of Jericho, consisting of the remains of the oldest fortified city in the world. The Tower of Jericho has been described as one of the world's oldest towers, one of the world's oldest stone buildings, and one of the oldest works of monumental architecture.
The ancient wall of Jericho was discovered by John Garstang during the excavations of 1930 to 1936, which he suggested were those described in the Book of Joshua in the Bible and dated to around 1400 BC. Kathleen Kenyon discovered the tower built against the wall inside the town during excavations between 1952 and 1958. Kenyon provided evidence that both constructions dated to much earlier, to the Neolithic, the most recent era of the Stone Age, and were part of an early proto-city. The tower highlights the importance of Jericho for the understanding of settlement patterns in the Sultanian period in the Southern Levant.

## Structure

The tower was constructed using undressed stones, with an internal staircase of twenty-two steps. Conical in shape, the tower is almost 9 metres (30 ft) in diameter at the base, decreasing to 7 metres (23 ft) at the top with walls approximately 1.5 metres (4.9 ft) thick. The construction of the tower is estimated to have taken 11,000 working days.

## Purpose

Studies by Ran Barkai and Roy Liran from Tel Aviv University published in 2011 have suggested astronomical and social purposes in the construction of the tower. Showing an early example of archaeoastronomy, they used computer modelling to determine that the shadow of nearby mountains first hit the tower on the sunset of the summer solstice and then spread across the entire town. Noting that there were no known invasions of the area at the time of construction, the defensive purpose of the tower, wall and ditch at Jericho has been brought into question. No burials were found and suggestions of it being a tomb have been dismissed.
Discussing in The Jerusalem Post, Barkai argued that the structure was used to create awe and inspiration to convince people into a harder way of life with the development of agriculture and social hierarchies. He concluded: "We believe this tower was one of the mechanisms to motivate people to take part in a communal lifestyle."
# Libraries (album)

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 80/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| No Ripcord | 8/10 |
Libraries is the second studio album by American musician The Love Language. It was released in July 2010 under Merge Records.
# Riley Bidois

Riley Bidois (born 12 March 2002) is a New Zealand professional footballer who plays as a forward for Loudoun United.
Bidois joined the Wellington Phoenix Reserves in 2019 after he was spotted playing in the Western Springs U17 tournament where he was Golden Boot. Before that, Bidois played for Tauranga City in the NRFL Division 1 for two years.
During 2020, Bidois also played for Lower Hutt City who were the Wellington Phoenix feeder club, that allowed the Phoenix team and players to play in the Central League portion of the New Zealand National League. He again played for Lower Hutt City in 2021 and was the league's second top goalscorer with 16 goals behind fellow Phoenix player George Ott.
Bidois was first called up to the Wellington Phoenix first team in April 2021 after a number of injuries affected the first team. He made his debut, coming off the bench late in the second half of the Phoenix 5–0 loss to Central Coast Mariners.
In February 2023 Bidois signed for Dandenong City in the NPL Victoria 2.
On 16 February 2024, it was announced that Bidois signed for USL Championship side Loudoun United.
In July 2024, Bidois was named to the New Zealand U-23 team for the 2024 Summer Olympics.
# John Barnes (runner)

John Barnes (October 12, 1929 – August 25, 2004) was an American middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 800 metres at the 1952 Summer Olympics.
Running for the Occidental Tigers track and field team, Barnes won the 880 yards at the 1951 NCAA Track and Field Championships and the 800 meters at the 1952 NCAA Track and Field Championships.
# Ward Cuff

Ward Lloyd Cuff (August 12, 1913 – December 24, 2002) was an American professional football player who was a halfback and placekicker in the National Football League (NFL) for the New York Giants, Chicago Cardinals, and Green Bay Packers. He played college football at Marquette University and was drafted in the fourth round of the 1937 NFL draft.
As a fullback at Marquette, Cuff played in the first Cotton Bowl game, in 1937, losing to TCU. He was also Marquette's heavyweight boxing champion and held the school record in the javelin throw. Cuff played for the Giants from 1937 to 1945, won the NFL championship in 1938, and became the team's career scoring leader with 319 points before being traded to the Cardinals. He played one season with the Cardinals and one with the Packers. He led the NFL in field goals made four times. After his NFL career, Cuff coached high school football in Green Bay, was an assistant coach for the Oregon State Beavers football team, and later worked for The Boeing Company.
His number 14 was retired by the Giants, although owner Wellington Mara gave Y. A. Tittle permission to wear it during his time with the Giants from 1961 to 1964. It was retired again in honor of both players.

## NFL career statistics

Legend :
| | Won the NFL Championship |
| | Led the league |
| Bold | Career high |

### Regular season

| Year | Team | Games | Games | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving |
| Year | Team | GP | GS | Att | Yds | Avg | TD | Rec | Yds | Avg | TD |
| 1937 | NYG | 11 | 9 | 4 | 32 | 8.0 | 2 | 5 | 117 | 23.4 | 2 |
| 1938 | NYG | 11 | 11 | 18 | 38 | 2.1 | 0 | 8 | 114 | 14.3 | 1 |
| 1939 | NYG | 9 | 8 | 23 | 102 | 4.4 | 0 | 10 | 83 | 8.3 | 2 |
| 1940 | NYG | 8 | 8 | 15 | 86 | 5.7 | 1 | 13 | 220 | 16.9 | 1 |
| 1941 | NYG | 11 | 10 | 28 | 157 | 5.6 | 0 | 19 | 317 | 16.7 | 2 |
| 1942 | NYG | 11 | 10 | 38 | 189 | 5.0 | 0 | 16 | 267 | 16.7 | 2 |
| 1943 | NYG | 10 | 10 | 80 | 523 | 6.5 | 3 | 7 | 52 | 7.4 | 0 |
| 1944 | NYG | 10 | 9 | 76 | 425 | 5.6 | 0 | 11 | 135 | 12.3 | 2 |
| 1945 | NYG | 9 | 5 | 48 | 214 | 4.5 | 0 | 12 | 172 | 14.3 | 0 |
| 1946 | CRD | 10 | 7 | 13 | 78 | 6.0 | 1 | 5 | 82 | 16.4 | 1 |
| 1947 | GNB | 10 | 0 | 1 | 7 | 7.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 |
| | | 110 | 87 | 344 | 1,851 | 5.4 | 7 | 106 | 1,559 | 14.7 | 13 |

### Playoffs

| Year | Team | Games | Games | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Rushing | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving | Receiving |
| Year | Team | GP | GS | Att | Yds | Avg | TD | Rec | Yds | Avg | TD |
| 1938 | NYG | 1 | 1 | 2 | -12 | -6.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 |
| 1939 | NYG | 1 | 1 | 3 | 7 | 2.3 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 4.0 | 0 |
| 1941 | NYG | 1 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 | 2 | 42 | 21.0 | 0 |
| 1943 | NYG | 1 | 1 | 9 | 23 | 2.6 | 0 | 2 | 46 | 23.0 | 0 |
| 1944 | NYG | 1 | 1 | 12 | 55 | 4.6 | 1 | 2 | 25 | 12.5 | 0 |
| | | 5 | 5 | 29 | 73 | 2.5 | 1 | 7 | 117 | 16.7 | 0 |
# Noblestown, Pennsylvania

Noblestown is a census-designated place (CDP) in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. The community was part of the Sturgeon-Noblestown CDP before later splitting into two separate CDPs in 2010, becoming Sturgeon and Noblestown. The population of Noblestown was 797 at the 2020 census.

## Geography

Noblestown is located at 40°23′43″N 80°12′7″W﻿ / ﻿40.39528°N 80.20194°W﻿ / 40.39528; -80.20194 (40.3955, -80.2019).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.2 square miles (3.1 km$^2$), all land.
# Aana

Aana (عانا) is a village in the Western Bekaa District of Lebanon, situated at an average altitude of 970 meters (3,180 ft) above sea level, about 57 km (35 mi) from Beirut. Its name comes from the Syriac word "'ono", which means 'the flock'. The village has two churches, one dedicated to St. Elias (Elijah) and the other to the Virgin Mary in the adjacent borough of Deir Tahniche. The village produces wine and fruit. The wines of Chateau Musar grow in a tract of land about 5 km (3.1 mi) long, land that is the home of Lebanese-Brazilian Carlos Eddé.

## History

In 1838, Eli Smith noted it as ''Ana; a village on the West side of the Beqaa Valley.

## Physical properties

Average altitude: 970 metres (3,180 ft)

## Economy and agriculture

The village is notable for its agricultural production, particularly wine as Aana is home to vineyards that contribute to Lebanon's wine industry. A tract of land about 5 km (3.1 mi) long in the area is used for growing grapes for Chateau Musar wines. The village is also known for its fruit production, taking advantage of the fertile soil in the Bekaa Valley.
# L.I.F.E.G.O.E.S.O.N.

"L.I.F.E.G.O.E.S.O.N." is a song by English folk band Noah and the Whale. The single served as the lead single from the band's third studio album, Last Night on Earth. The single was released in the United Kingdom as a digital download on 21 January 2011, peaking at number 14 on the UK Singles Chart and number 26 on the Irish Singles Chart.
The song has been noted for similarities to Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers' "Don't Come Around Here No More" and The Kinks' "Lola".

## Chart performance

"L.I.F.E.G.O.E.S.O.N." debuted on the UK Singles Chart on 30 January 2011 at number 37. The following week, the single rose 7 places to number 30; before spending four consecutive weeks between the number 30 and 40 positions. On 13 March, the single climbed 12 places from number 31 to number 19; falling a single place to number 20 the week after. Following a performance on Dancing on Ice, the single rose 6 places to a current peak of number 14; marking the band's second highest charting single since "5 Years Time". In 2011, "L.I.F.E.G.O.E.S.O.N." sold 242,000 copies in the UK. The song made its debut on the Irish Singles Chart on 3 February 2011 at number 48, climbing 12 places to number 35 the following week; where it spent two consecutive weeks then reached number twenty-six. The song was the 5th highest selling rock single of 2011 in the UK.

## Music video

The music video for the song appeared on their YouTube channel on 7 January 2011 and stars both the band and British actor Dan Westwick.

## Credits and personnel

* Lead vocals, guitar – Charlie Fink
* Violin – Tom Hobden
* Bass guitar – Matt Owens
* Guitar – Fred Abbott
* Drums – Jack Hamson
* Producers – Charlie Fink, Jason Lader
* Lyrics – Charlie Fink
* Label: Mercury Records

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Platinum | 600,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| United Kingdom | 21 January 2011 | Digital download | Mercury Records |
# Planet Crucon

Planet Crucon is the third full-length album by American hip hop group Crucial Conflict from Chicago, Illinois. It was released on January 15, 2008 through Buckwild Records. It is the group's first studio album in ten years, their last being 1998's Good Side Bad Side. It features guest appearances from George Clinton, Kendra Foster, Sonny Cool and Teddy Kane. The album peaked at number 73 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

## Personnel
### Crucial Conflict

* Corey "Coldhard" Johnson – main artist, vocals
* Wondosas "Kilo" Martin – main artist, vocals
* Marrico "Never" King – main artist, vocals
* Ralph "Wildstyle" Leverston – main artist, vocals, executive producer

### Additional vocalists

* George Edward Clinton – vocals (track 8)
* Kendra Foster – vocals (track 8)
* Sonny Cool – vocals (track 11)
* Teddy Kane – vocals (track 17)

### Technical

* C. Paul Johnson – engineering
* Matt Hennessy – mixing
* Alex Gross – mixing (track 10)
* Krassi Kurtev – associate executive producer
* Parrish Lewis – photography

## Chart history

| Chart (2008) | Peak position |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 73 |
# Bartłomiej Szrajber

Bartłomiej Józef Szrajber (born 27 May 1954 in Warsaw) is a Polish politician, member of Law and Justice party. He was elected to Sejm on 25 September 2005.
# Russellton, Pennsylvania

Russellton is a census-designated place (CDP) in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,330 at the 2020 census.

## Geography

Russellton is located at 40°36′39″N 79°50′13″W﻿ / ﻿40.61083°N 79.83694°W﻿ / 40.61083; -79.83694 (40.610886, −79.837056).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.4 square miles (3.7 km$^2$), all land.
Russellton was really at one point two towns, Russellton #1 and Russellton #2, named after the mines that were in each area. Russellton #1 was originally Grays Mill; the name changed about 1907.

## Demographics

At the 2000 census, there were 1,530 people, 616 households, and 450 families living in the CDP. The population density was 1,065.3 inhabitants per square mile (411.3/km$^2$). There were 645 housing units at an average density of 449.1 per square mile (173.4/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.17% White, 0.39% African American, 0.13% Native American, 0.52% Asian, and 0.78% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.65%.
There were 616 households, 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.7% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.9% were non-families. 23.2% of households were made up of individuals, and 10.4% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.94.
The age distribution was 22.3% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 28.8% from 25 to 44, 27.5% from 45 to 64, and 14.8% 65 or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.7 males.
The median household income was $46,635 and the median family income was $52,250. Males had a median income of $35,694 versus $25,407 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $20,682. About 5.1% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.9% of those under age 18 and 12.9% of those age 65 or over.
# Emeka Eneli

Chukwuemeka Somto "Emeka" Eneli (born October 18, 1999) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder for Major League Soccer club Real Salt Lake and the United States national team.

## Career
### Youth and college

Eneli was born in Lansing, Michigan, but moved to Dublin, Ohio was he was eight years old. He attended Dublin Coffman High School, where he played one year of varsity soccer. He also played soccer with the Columbus Crew academy between 2012 and 2017, before spending a season with Ohio Premier, who he helped to the ENPL national title in 2018 and was named to the ECNL All-American and ECNL All-Midwest teams.
In 2018, Eneli attended Cornell University graduating in 2022 with a major in Biological Engineering and a minor in Business. He played college soccer, serving as team captain in his junior and senior years. In four seasons with Big Red spanning across five years due to the COVID-19 pandemic leading to the cancellation of the 2020 season, Eneli made 60 appearances, scoring 20 goals and tallying 17 assists. In 2021, Eneli earned All-Ivy League First Team and Second Team United Soccer Coaches Men's Northeast Region honors. 2022 saw Eneli named a Second Team All-American and helped Cornell qualify for the NCAA Sweet Sixteen for the first time in nearly three decades. Eneli earned 2018 Rookie of the Year for the Ivy League Mens Soccer conference. Eneli finished the season second in the Ivy League in points (16) and goals (7).

### Professional career

While at college, Eneli also competed in the USL League Two. He spent 2019 and 2020 with Lionsbridge FC, scoring three goals in 16 games. In 2022, he spent the season with Flint City Bucks, making 16 appearances across the regular season and playoffs, netting four goals and adding an assist.
Following the 2022 season, Eneli was announced as an eligible player in the 2023 MLS SuperDraft. Eneli was drafted by Real Salt Lake with the 25th pick of the first round.
Eneli made his MLS debut for RSL on March 25, 2023, starting in a 4–0 loss at home to St. Louis City SC. Eneli scored his first career MLS goal on March 9, 2024, in a 2-1 loss to the Colorado Rapids. On November 2, 2024, Eneli's scored his second goal for the club, an equalizer in the MLS Cup Playoffs against Minnesota United that forced penalties. RSL would lose the shootout.

## Personal

Born in the United States, Eneli is of Nigerian descent.

## Career statistics
### International

    As of match played January 22, 2025
Appearances and goals by national team and year :
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| United States | 2025 | 2 | 0 |
| Total | Total | 2 | 0 |
# Ding Guangen

Ding Guangen (Chinese: 丁关根; September 1929 – July 22, 2012) was a Chinese politician who served in senior leadership roles in the Chinese Communist Party during the 1990s. He was a member of the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party between 1992 and 2002, a member of the Central Secretariat, and one of the top officials in charge of propaganda and ideology during the term of Party General Secretary and President Jiang Zemin.
Prior to his elevation to the Politburo, Ding served successively as Minister of Railways of China between 1985 and 1988, the chief of the Taiwan Affairs Office between 1988 and 1990, and the head of the United Front Work Department of the party between 1990 and 1992.

## Biography

Ding was born in September 1929 in Wuxi, Jiangsu province. He attended high school in Shanghai. He graduated from Shanghai Jiao Tong University with a degree in engineering. He joined the Communist Party in July 1956.
Ding was elevated to the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1987, and was expected to take on more prominent posts. However, he was forced to resign due to a series of dire railway accidents in 1988. He was demoted to the vice director of the National Planning Commission. Later, Ding became the director of Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council. He thus became the first politburo member, i.e., Party and nation's leader, who served as a vice Minister in the government after Cultural Revolution. Ding re-emerged in 1989 and took charge of the United Front Work Department of CCP. Since 1992, Ding had served as the head of Central Propaganda Department of CCP, responsible for ideological affairs for 10 years. He retired in 2002 due to his age.
Ding was a member of 12th, 13th, 14th and 15th Central Committees of the Chinese Communist Party, an alternate member of 13th Politburo, and a full member of 14th and 15th Politburo. Since the 4th plenary session of 13th Central Committee, he was a secretary of Central Secretariat of CCP.
Ding died July 22, 2012, in Beijing at the age of 83, he was eulogized by the party as a "long-tested fighter of the Communist cause".