OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of boiling and freezing information of solvents

| Solvent | Density (g cm-3) | Boiling point (°C) | K$_b$ (°C⋅kg/mol) | Freezing point (°C) | K$_f$ (°C⋅kg/mol) | Data source |
| Aniline | | 184.3 | 3.69 | –5.96 | –5.87 | K$_b$ & K$_f$ |
| Lauric acid | | 298.9 | | 44 | –3.9 | |
| Acetic acid | 1.04 | 117.9 | 3.14 | 16.6 | –3.90 | K$_b$ K$_f$ |
| Acetone | 0.78 | 56.2 | 1.67 | –94.8 | | K$_b$ |
| Benzene | 0.87 | 80.1 | 2.65 | 5.5 | –5.12 | K$_b$ & K$_f$ |
| Bromobenzene | 1.49 | 156.0 | 6.26 | –30.6 | | |
| Camphor | | 204.0 | 5.95 | 179 | –40 | K$_f$ |
| Carbon disulfide | 1.29 | 46.2 | 2.34 | –111.5 | –3.83 | |
| Carbon tetrachloride | 1.58 | 76.8 | 4.88 | –22.8 | –29.8 | K$_b$ & K$_f$ |
| Chloroform | 1.48 | 61.2 | 3.88 | –63.5 | –4.90 | K$_b$ & K$_f$ |
| Cyclohexane | | 80.74 | 2.79 | 6.55 | –20.2 | |
| Diethyl ether | 0.713 | 34.5 | 2.16 | –116.3 | –1.79 | K$_b$ & K$_f$ |
| Methanol | 0.79 | 64.7 | | | | |
| Ethanol | 0.78 | 78.4 | 1.22 | –114.6 | –1.99 | K$_b$ |
| Ethylene bromide | 2.18 | 133 | 6.43 | 9.974 | –12.5 | K$_b$ & K$_f$ |
| Ethylene glycol | 1.11 | 197.3 | 2.26 | −12.9 | –3.11 | K$_b$ & K$_f$ |
| Formic acid | | 101.0 | 2.4 | 8.0 | –2.77 | K$_b$ & K$_f$ |
| Naphthalene | | 217.9 | | 78.2 | –6.80 | |
| Nitrobenzene | | 210.8 | 5.24 | 5.7 | –7.00 | |
| Phenol | | 181.75 | 3.60 | 43.0 | –7.27 | K$_f$ K$_b$ |
| Water | | 100.00 | 0.512 | 0.00 | –1.86 | K$_b$ & K$_f$ |
| Ethyl acetate | | 77.1 | | | | |
| Acetic anhydride | | 139.0 | | | | |
| Ethylene dichloride | 1.25 | 83.5 | | −35 | | |
| Acetonitrile | 0.78 | 81.6 | | −45 | | |
| Heptane | | 98.4 | | | | |
| Isobutanol | | 107.7 | | | | |
| n-Hexane | 0.66 | 68.7 | | | | |
| n-Butanol | | 117.7 | | | | |
| Hydrochloric acid | | 84.8 | | | | |
| tert-Butanol | | 82.5 | | | | |
| Chlorobenzene | | 131.7 | | | | |
| PCBTF | 1.34 | 136 | | –36.1 | | |
| MTBE | | 55.2 | | | | |
| Pentane | | 36.1 | | | | |
| Petroleum ether | | 35.0–60.0 | | | | |
| Cyclopentane | | 49.3 | | | | |
| Isopropanol | | 82.3 | | | | |
| Dichloromethane | 1.33 | 39.8 | | | | |
| n-Propanol | | 97.2 | | | | |
| Pyridine | | 115.3 | | | | |
| Dimethylacetamide | | 166.1 | | | | |
| Tetrahydrofuran | | 66.0 | | | | |
| Dimethylformamide | | 153.0 | | | | |
| Toluene | 0.82 | 110.6 | | | | |
| Dimethyl sulfoxide | | 189.0 | | | | |
| Trifluoroacetic acid | | 71.8 | | | | |
| Dioxane | 1.03 | 101.0 | | 11.8 | | |
| Xylene | | 140.0 | | | | |
# Cow's trotter

A cow's trotters is the culinary term for the foot of cattle. The cuts are used in various dishes around the world, especially in Asian, African, French, and the Caribbean cuisine. Latin American cuisine also uses cow's trotters for several traditional dishes.
Other than cattle, the trotters of other ungulates such as goat, sheep and pig might also be consumed and used in certain dish of some cuisines' tradition.

## Description

Cow's trotters do not contain any muscles or meat; other than bones and toe hoof, it mainly consists of skin, tendons and cartilage. In cuisine, the trotters' cuts are mainly valued for its unique texture—a gelatinous rather chewy soft texture of its tendons and skin, and also a rich broth produced from its bones. Nevertheless, to acquire a pleasant soft texture, a prolonged time of cooking, or pressure cooker might be employed in the process, this will extract the gelatins out of the trotters into the soup.
Traditionally, in Western cuisine, the trotters are not commonly consumed, and not included in common cut of beef, which only recognize shanks. Nevertheless, the cut is often included as part of beef shank.
In Indonesian cuisine, cow's trotters is considered as a delicacy. The gulai tunjang or gulai kaki sapi is a popular spicy cow's trotter curry in Padang cuisine. While soto kaki sapi is a type of traditional spicy Soto soup made of bits of tendons, cartilage and skin from cow's trotters. The soup is popular in Indonesia, especially in Betawi cuisine.

## Dishes

* Caldo de Mocotó, a Brazilian cow's trotters soup, popular in Northeast Region
* Cow foot stew in Jamaica
* El Hergma/Hargma (الهركمة) or El-Ker'ine/Ker3ine (الكرعين) in the Maghreb countries(Tunisia,Algeria,Morocco). A traditional dish of cow's, calves' or lamb's trotters/feet with a base of chickpeas and a spicy (watery) sauce.
* Gulai tunjang, spicy cow's trotters curry in Minangkabau cuisine in Indonesia
* Kare-kare in the Philippines can use cow's trotters
* Kaware‘ (كوارع) in Egypt
* Khash in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Iran, also known as pacha in Iraq and Turkey
* Makongoro in Tanzania
* Mangqina/Mazondo in Zimbabwe
* Mão de vaca, in the traditional cuisine of Cabo Verde, is a cow trotter soup made using pureed chickpeas.
* Mie kocok, an Indonesian beef noodle soup, which contains rich beef consommé soup, beef tendon or slices of cow's trotters, bean sprouts and meatball.
* Nkwobi in Nigeria
* Paya in Pakistan
* Sagol in Korean cuisine
* Soto mie Bogor noodle soup uses slices of cow's trotters from Indonesia.
* Soto kaki sapi, spicy cow's trotters soup in Indonesian cuisine
* Thlakwana in South Africa.
* Yam tin khwai in Thai cuisine, a spicy and sour Northern Thai soup made with the hoof of a water buffalo.
# Blackie (musician)

Michael LaCour (born April 22, 1987), known by his stage name Blackie (styled in all caps with spaces, B L A C K I E) is an American rapper, songwriter, record producer, and musician. His experimental style combines hip hop, hardcore punk, noise, industrial and electronic.

## History

Michael LaCour first began B-L-A-C-K-I-E as a project through assembling his own sound systems; at one time his sound system was rumored to consist of over twenty speakers and to be estimated at more than 5,000 watts, and these sound systems would propel LaCour to local recognition. Often set up on the floors of nightclubs and warehouses, his massive speaker arrangement coupled with his energetic and many times unscheduled performances caused him to become legendary in Houston. He is featured on the cover of the book Houston Rap Tapes: An Oral History of Bayou City Hip-Hop.

## Music and style

LaCour's project has been called a "one-man noise ordinance violation", and his sound has been described as "equal parts fucked-up electronics, distorted pop-cult samples, guitar feedback, video game noise, and angry-as-hell street flow". He at one point called it "U.S. Grime" and "Thrash-Rap", among other names.
LaCour's energetic live performances, often engaging with crowds, made him a fan and college-radio favorite in the 2010s. LaCour has explained in interview that the spelling and spacing of the epithet that he uses as his stage name was chosen for visceral as well as aesthetic reasons. The artist states, "...I started writing it down, like over and over and when I would write it normal like just with the B capitalized it looked ugly, I didn’t like how it looked. Then I started writing it in all caps real big all over the paper and I thought it looked really intimidating, really good..."

## Discography
### Albums

* Wilderness of North America (2008)
* GEN (2012)
* IMAGINE YOUR SELF IN A FREE AND NATURAL WORLD (2014)
* REMAINS (2017)
* FACE THE DARKNESS (2020)
* FACE THE DARKNESS II (2021)
* catharsis only (2023)
* Noise God (2024)

### Extended plays

* B L A C K I E (2005)
* Spred Luv (2009)
* True Spirit and Not Giving a Fuck (2011)
* Fuck the False (2012)
# Jamie McNeair

Jamie McNeair (born June 26, 1969) is a retired female heptathlete from the United States, who won the gold medal at the 1995 Pan American Games in Mar del Plata, Argentina. She set her personal best (6374 points) in the heptathlon on 29 July 1995 at a meet in Colorado Springs. She was born in Buffalo, New York.
McNeair was an All-American athlete for the Purdue Boilermakers track and field team, finishing 3rd in the heptathlon at the 1988 and 1990 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships.
# The Boston Miscellany

The Boston Miscellany of Literature and Fashion was a monthly literary and fashion magazine published in Boston, Massachusetts from 1842 to 1843. It also published book reviews and music.
The initial issue of The Boston Miscellany was published in January 1842, with Nathan Hale, Jr. (son of the journalist Nathan Hale) as its editor. Henry Theodore Tuckerman served as editor in 1843. The magazine was published by Bradbury, Soden & Co. It ceased publication after the 14th issue in February 1843.
Contributors to the magazine included John Neal, Henry David Thoreau, Edward Everett, Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edward Everett Hale, James Russell Lowell, Edgar Allan Poe, and Nathaniel Parker Willis. Sarah Hale, Nathan Hale's wife, translated tales from German into English that were published in the magazine.
# Churchill, Ohio

Churchill is a census-designated place in Liberty Township, Trumbull County, Ohio, United States. The population was 2,176 at the 2020 census. It is part of Youngstown–Warren metropolitan area. The community was named for a hilltop church near the original townsite.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.5 square miles (6.5 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,601 people, 1,057 households, and 755 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,043.1 inhabitants per square mile (402.7/km$^2$). There were 1,165 housing units at an average density of 467.2 per square mile (180.4/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 87.77% White, 10.07% African American, 0.04% Native American, 0.42% Asian, 0.42% from other races, and 1.27% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.35% of the population.
There were 1,057 households, out of which 28.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.5% were married couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.5% were non-families. 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.91.
In the CDP the population was spread out, with 21.7% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 26.3% from 25 to 44, 28.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females there were 97.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.7 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $36,667, and the median income for a family was $44,485. Males had a median income of $36,618 versus $21,150 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $22,973. About 9.0% of families and 11.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.7% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over.
# Strelnikoff Mary of Help of Brezje controversy

The Strelnikoff Mary of Help of Brezje controversy or the Strelnikoff Affair (Slovene: Afera Strelnikoff) began after a depiction of Mary of Help of Brezje holding a rat instead of Jesus was published by the Slovenian music group Strelnikoff on the cover of their 1998 extended play Bitchcraft. It was made in protest of the official views of the Roman Catholic Church in Slovenia and the statements of some of its highest representatives on the subject of abortion.
The first to condemn this depiction was Franc Rode, who was the Bishop of Ljubljana at the time. This was followed by general public outcry and expressions of the inappropriateness of the misuse of one of the most known symbols of Slovenian Catholicism. The State Attorney's Office received 3,867 public protests and 1,208 requests for indictment. These were united in one that was at first rebuffed before the Celje District Court. However, the state prosecutor Elizabeta Gyorkos filled a complaint. The group members also received phone calls and threats. In August 2003, the indictment was refused by the Ljubljana Higher Court as well. In accordance with the Constitution of Slovenia and the Slovenian law, the court concluded that the authors were "tasteless in their artistic project, however they did not surpass the boundary of allowed at all."
# 2024–25 ASEAN Club Championship knockout stage

The 2024–25 ASEAN Club Championship knockout stage will be played from 2 April to 21 May 2025. A total of 4 teams will compete in the knockout stage to decide the champions of the 2024–25 ASEAN Club Championship.

## Qualified teams

The following teams advanced from the group stage:
| Group | Winners | Runners-up |
| A | BG Pathum United | PSM |
| B | Cong An Hanoi | Buriram United |

## Format

In the knockout stage, the 4 teams will play a single-elimination tournament. Each tie will be played on a home-and-away two-legged basis. Extra time and penalty shoot-out will be used to decide the winners if necessary (no away goals rule is being used).

## Schedule

The schedule of each round is as follows.
| Stage | Round | First leg | Second leg |
| Knockout stage | Semi-finals | 2 April 2025 | 30 April 2025 |
| Knockout stage | Finals | 14 May 2025 | 21 May 2025 |

## Bracket

| Semi-finals | Semi-finals | Final | Final |
| A2 | PSM | | |
| B1 | Cong An Hanoi | | |
| B1 | Cong An Hanoi | Winner of Semi-final 1 | Winner of Semi-final 1 |
| | | Winner of Semi-final 2 | Winner of Semi-final 2 |
| B2 | Buriram United | Winner of Semi-final 2 | Winner of Semi-final 2 |
| A1 | BG Pathum United | | |

## Semi-finals
### Summary

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| PSM | – | Cong An Hanoi | 2 April | 30 April |
| Buriram United | – | BG Pathum United | 2 April | 30 April |

## Final

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| Winner of Semi-final 1 | – | Winner of Semi-final 2 | 14 May | 21 May |
# Charles R. Fox

Charles Ralph Fox (November 16, 1912 – February 28, 2006) was an American Major General of West Virginia's National Guard.
Fox was born in Nicholas County, West Virginia, as son of Joseph B. and Amma (Walker) Fox. He enlisted in West Virginia National Guard in 1930, and was commissioned second lieutenant in 1936. He married Vernise Jane Pritt in 1935, and they had four children: Charles Warren, Janice Lynn, Roger Neill and Mark William. He studied electrical engineering by correspondence from International Correspondence Schools 1934-38. He was promoted first lieutenant at the 150th Infantry in 1939, and in January 1941, he was called to active duty with the West Virginia National Guard.
He graduated from Air Corps Advanced Flying School in 1942, rated Aircraft Observer, and was transferred to Air Corps Reserve. During 1942, he advanced to major, and to lieutenant colonel in 1944. He served on staff of Major General Claire Lee Chennault of the Fourteenth Air Force in China for two years, and in the Headquarters Army Air Force in Washington for 14 months. He completed a special course in Nuclear Physics at Johns Hopkins University in 1946. He was appointed the Adjutant General of West Virginia with rank of brigadier general in 1946, a position he held to 1957. He was appointed State director of the Selective Service System in 1948, and appointed State Director of Civil Defense in 1949.
# Ministry of Land Reform (Namibia)

The Ministry of Land Reform was a government ministry of Namibia, with headquarters in Windhoek. It was created at Namibian independence in 1990 as Ministry of Lands, Resettlement and Rehabilitation, renamed Ministry of Lands and Resettlement in 2005, and got its last name change in 2015. In 2020 the ministry was disestablished, and the portfolio of land reform was given to the agriculture ministry.
The first Namibian land reform minister was Marco Hausiku. The current minister of Agriculture, Water and Land Reform is Calle Schlettwein.

## Ministers

All land reform ministers in chronological order are:
| # | Name | (Birth–Death) | Party | Term start | Term end |
| Minister of Lands, Resettlement and Rehabilitation |||||||
| 01 | Marco Hausiku | 1953–2021 | SWAPO | 1990 | 1992 |
| 02 | Richard Kapelwa Kabajani | 1943–2007 | SWAPO | 1992 | 1996 |
| 03 | Pendukeni Iivula-Ithana | 1952– | SWAPO | 1996 | 2002 |
| 04 | Hifikepunye Pohamba | 1935– | SWAPO | 2002 | 2005 |
| Minister of Lands and Resettlement |||||||
| 05 | Jerry Ekandjo | 1947– | SWAPO | 2005 | 2008 |
| 06 | Alpheus ǃNaruseb | 1954– | SWAPO | 2008 | 2015 |
| Minister of Land Reform |||||||
| 07 | Utoni Nujoma | 1952– | SWAPO | 2015 | 2020 |
| Minister of Agriculture, Water and Land Reform |||||||
| 08 | Calle Schlettwein | 1954– | SWAPO | 2020 | |
# Mark Hanna (disambiguation)

Mark Hanna was an American industrialist and politician.
Mark Hanna may also refer to:
* Mark Hanna (screenwriter) (1917–2003), film screenwriter and actor
* A defendant who was acquitted in R v Coulson, Brooks and others
* Mark Hanna, fictional character from the film The Wolf of Wall Street), played by Matthew McConaughey
# Henry Livengood

Henry L. Livengood (September 16, 1933 – December 17, 1988) was a Democratic member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives.

## Early life and career

Livengood was born in Manorville, a small borough between Kittanning and Ford City. He moved to the latter years later and remained there until his death. A 1951 graduate of Ford City High School, Livengood served in the U.S. Navy during the Korean War from 1951 to 1953.
He married the former Cheryl F. Jenkins, and together they had six children (Karen Watterson, Kimberly Benigni, Kathie Olinger, Kelly Szymanski, Keith Livengood, & Kristen Livengood). Cheryl died from breast cancer in 1982, and he remarried Donna Shotts.
Livengood's first public service began seven years prior to the legislature in 1970, when he was selected to a council seat in Manorville borough. One year later, he was elected to the office of Armstrong County Recorder of Deeds, register of wills, and clerk of orphans' court. He held this office until his death in 1988.
Livengood was first elected to the 60th Legislative District in 1976. Among his accomplishments were the start of construction of the A-15 bypass, the fabled 'missing link' that joined Route 422 in Manor Township with State Routes 66 and 28. Though Livengood died before construction was complete, his legacy was memorialized when the road was finally completed and opened in 2001 as the Henry Livengood Highway. Livengood also championed the construction of the Armstrong County Airport in South Buffalo Township.
Livengood served in the legislature until his death in December 1988, just over a month after winning election to his sixth term in office over his Republican challenger, realtor John Oliver.

## Death

Livengood had a history of heart-related ailments for most of his adult life, having suffered a heart attack fifteen years prior to his death, and undergoing two heart bypass surgeries. Livengood died of a massive heart attack he suffered while shoveling snow at his residence on December 17, 1988. Livengood, who was 55 at the time of his death, was buried in Ford City Cemetery. His wife Donna ran in a special election to fill his vacant seat the following year but lost to Democrat Tim Pesci.
# 2024–25 ASEAN Club Championship qualifying play-offs

The 2024–25 ASEAN Club Championship qualifying play-offs will take place from 17 to 24 July 2024. A total of 4 clubs from four member associations will compete in the qualifying play-offs to decide two places in the group stage of the 2024–25 ASEAN Club Championship.

## Teams

At the draw on 9 May 2024 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, four teams were drawn into two pairings. Each pair playing home and away on 17 and 24 July 2024.
| Pot 1 | Pot 2 |
| Shan United | Young Elephants |
| Preah Khan Reach Svay Rieng | Kasuka |

## Format

In the qualifying play-offs, each tie was played as two-legged home-and-away matches. If the aggregate score was tied after two legs, extra time and, if necessary, a penalty shoot-out would be used to decide the winning team.

## Schedule

The schedule of the qualifying play-offs is as follows.
| Round | Dates |
| First leg | 17 July 2024 |
| Second leg | 24 July 2024 |

## Bracket
### Play-off 1

The winner of play-off 1 will enter into Group A of the competition proper.
| Play-off round | Play-off round | Play-off round | Play-off round |
| Young Elephants | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| Preah Khan Reach Svay Rieng | 3 | 5 | 8 |

### Play-off 2

The winner of play-off 2 will enter into Group A of the competition proper.
| Play-off round | Play-off round | Play-off round | Play-off round |
| Kasuka | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Shan United | 1 | 3 | 4 |

## Play-off round
### Summary

| Team 1 | Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score | Team 2 | 1st leg | 2nd leg |
| Young Elephants | 3–8 | Preah Khan Reach Svay Rieng | 2–3 | 1–5 |
| Kasuka | 2–4 | Shan United | 1–1 | 1–3 |

### Matches

Preah Khan Reach Svay Rieng won 8–3 on aggregate.
Shan United won 4–2 on aggregate.
# Xiao Qiang

Xiao Qiang (Chinese: 萧强; pinyin: Xiāo Qiáng, born November 19, 1961) is a Chinese-born American physicist and activist. He is the director and Research Scientist of Counter-Power Lab, an interdisciplinary faculty-student research group focusing on digital rights and internet freedom, based in the School of Information, University of California, Berkeley and is funded by the US Department of State. He also serves as the director of the China Internet Project at Berkeley. Xiao is an adjunct professor at the School of Information and the Graduate School of Journalism at the University of California, Berkeley. He is also the founder and editor-in-chief of China Digital Times, a bilingual news website.
Xiao teaches classes Digital Activism, Internet Freedom and Blogging in China at both the School of Information and the Graduate School of Journalism, University of California at Berkeley. In fall 2003, Xiao launched China Digital Times to explore how to apply cutting edge technologies to aggregate, contextualize and translate online information from and about China. His current research focuses on state censorship, propaganda and disinformation, as well as mass surveillance in China.

## Biography

A theoretical physicist by training, he studied at the University of Science and Technology of China and entered the PhD program (1986–1989) in astrophysics at the University of Notre Dame. He became a full-time human rights activist after the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre. Xiao was the executive director of the New York-based organization Human Rights in China from 1991 to 2002 and vice chairman of the steering committee of the World Movement for Democracy.

## Recognition

Xiao is a recipient of the MacArthur Fellowship in 2001, and is profiled in the book "Soul Purpose: 40 People Who Are Changing the World for the Better" (Melcher Media, 2003). He was also a visiting fellow of the Santa Fe Institute in Spring, 2002.
In January 2015, Xiao has been named to Foreign Policy magazine's Pacific Power Index, a list of "50 people shaping the future of the U.S.-China relationship." He was named on the list "for taking on China's Great Firewall of censorship."