OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hydraulic Launch Assist

Hydraulic Launch Assist (HLA) is the name of a hydraulic hybrid regenerative braking system for land vehicles produced by the Eaton Corporation.

## Background

The HLA system recycles energy by converting kinetic energy into potential energy during deceleration via hydraulics, storing the energy at high pressure in an accumulator filled with nitrogen gas. The energy is then returned to the vehicle during subsequent acceleration thereby reducing the amount of work done by the internal combustion engine. This system provides considerable increase in vehicle productivity while reducing fuel consumption in stop-and-go use profiles like refuse vehicles and other heavy duty vehicles.

## Parallel vs. series hybrids

The HLA system is called a parallel hydraulic hybrid. In parallel systems the original vehicle drive-line remains, allowing the vehicle to operate normally when the HLA system is disengaged. When the HLA is engaged, energy is captured during deceleration and released during acceleration, in contrast to series hydraulic hybrid systems which replace the entire traditional drive-line to provide power transmission in addition to regenerative braking.

## Hydraulic vs. electric hybrids

Hydraulic hybrids are said to be power dense, while electric hybrids are energy dense. This means that electric hybrids, while able to deliver large amounts of energy over long periods of time are limited by the rate at which the chemical energy in the batteries is converted to mechanical energy and vice versa. This is largely governed by reaction rates in the battery and current ratings of associated components. Hydraulic hybrids on the other hand are capable of transferring energy at a much higher rate, but are limited by the amount of energy that can be stored. For this reason, hydraulic hybrids lend themselves well to stop-and-go applications and heavy vehicles.

## Applications
### Concept vehicles

Ford Motor Company included the HLA system in their 2002 F-350 Tonka truck concept vehicle, reported to have lower emissions and better fuel economy than any V-8 diesel truck engine of the time, with HLA designed to eventually improve fuel economy by 25%-35% in heavy truck city driving.

### Shuttle bus

Eaton, Ford, the US Army, and IMPACT Engineering, Inc. (of Kent, Washington), built an E-450 shuttle bus as part of the Army's HAMMER (Hydraulic Hybrid Advanced Materials Multifuel Engine Research) project.

### Refuse

Eaton has been awarded the Texas government’s New Technology Research and Development grant to build 12 refuse vehicles with HLA systems.
Peterbilt Motors has designed a Model 320 chassis that incorporates the HLA system, which was featured on the cover of the December 13, 2007, issue of Machine Design.
# Robert James

Robert James may refer to:
* Robert James (actor) (1924–2004), Scottish actor
* Robert James (businessman) (died 1983), American founder of Raymond James Financial
* Robert James (defensive back) (born 1947), played in the National Football League, 1969–1974
* Robert James (headmaster) (1905–1982), headmaster of St Paul's School and of Harrow School
* Robert James (linebacker) (born 1983), drafted by the Atlanta Falcons, 2008
* Robert James (physician) (1703–1776), English physician
* Robert Brian James (died 1944), British Army officer
* Robert G. James (born 1946), United States District Court judge
* Robert L. James (1936–2021), American businessman
* Robert Rhodes James (1933–1999), British historian and Conservative member of parliament
* Robert S. James (1818–1850), father of the American outlaw Jesse James
* Robert C. James (1918–2004), American mathematician
* Robert James (MP for Berkshire) for Berkshire
# List of county governors of Akershus

The county governor of Akershus county in Norway represented the central government administration in the county. In 1917, the county governorships in Akershus and Oslo were merged, creating the new county governor of Oslo and Akershus. The three county governorships of Østfold, Oslo and Akershus, and Buskerud were merged on 1 January 2019.
Valgerd Svarstad Haugland was the last county governor of Oslo and Akershus. She started in office on 1 December 2011 and continued as county governor of Oslo og Viken from 1 January 2019.
County governors of Akershus :
| Start | End | Name | Born | Died |
| 1813 | 1815 | Poul Christian Holst (acting) | 1776 | 1863 |
| 1815 | 1822 | Hans Hagerup Falbe | 1772 | 1830 |
| 1822 | 1830 | Valentin Christian Wilhelm Sibbern | 1779 | 1853 |
| 1831 | 1837 | Niels Arntzen Sem | 1782 | 1859 |
| 1837 | 1839 | Hans Christian Petersen | 1793 | 1862 |
| 1840 | 1842 | Fredrik Riis | 1789 | 1845 |
| 1842 | 1855 | Erik Røring Møinichen | 1797 | 1875 |
| 1855 | 1858 | Christian Birch-Reichenwald | 1814 | 1891 |
| 1859 | 1895 | Johan Christian Collett | 1817 | 1895 |
| 1895 | 1918 | Ole Andreas Furu | 1841 | 1925 |
| County governors of Oslo and Akershus |||||
| 1919 | 1930 | Hroar Olsen | 1859 | 1941 |
| 1930 | 1943 | Ingolf E. Christensen | 1872 | 1943 |
| 1945 | 1955 | Carl Platou | 1885 | 1956 |
| 1955 | 1963 | Trygve Lie | 1896 | 1968 |
| 1964 | 1965 | John Lyng | 1905 | 1978 |
| 1965 | 1979 | Petter Mørch Koren | 1910 | 2004 |
| 1979 | 1988 | Gunnar A. Larsen | 1919 | 2003 |
| 1988 | 1989 | Geir Engebretsen (acting) | 1952 | – |
| 1989 | 1998 | Kåre Isaachsen Willoch | 1928 | 2021 |
| 1998 | 2001 | Karin Moe Røisland (acting) | 1944 | – |
| 2001 | 2001 | Arne Bardalen (acting) | | – |
| 2001 | 2011 | Hans J. Røsjorde | 1941 | – |
| 2011 | 2018 | Valgerd Svarstad Haugland | 1956 | – |
# Herlasgrün station

Herlasgrün station Is a local railway junction in the Pöhl district of Herlasgrün in Vogtland in the German state of Saxony. It is situated on the Leipzig–Hof and the Herlasgrün–Oelsnitz railways.

## History

The station was opened on 15 July 1851 along with the Reichenbach–Plauen section of the Leipzig–Hof railway. Originally the station had five tracks: the entrance building and goods facilities with freight sheds, loading ramps and loading roads. With the construction of the Voigtland State Railway (Voigtländische Staatseisenbahn, Herlasgrün–Cheb) starting in 1863, the station infrastructure was extended by two tracks only, since Herlasgrün would remain a relatively insignificant station. Passenger services towards the Elster Mountains starting or terminating in Reichenbach commenced with the opening of the Herlasgrün–Cheb (Eger in German) line on 1 November 1865.
With the construction of the Plauen–Oelsnitz connection, which opened in 1874, Herlasgrün station was significantly expanded as the Oelsnitz–Cheb section was operated in conjunction with the new line. Separate trains were now operated on the Herlasgrün–Falkenstein section. In addition to a new entrance building in the "wedge" between the branching lines, numerous new tracks and a small locomotive depot were built. The old entrance building was used as a residence. In the following decades the station was extended several times, until a larger station upgrade took place in the 1890s. The existing connecting curve between the two railway lines was also established.
Up to 1989/90 individual tracks were removed; large-scale dismantling only started at the end of the 1990s. The only new construction was a platform on the connection curve; today only three tracks still operate on the Leipzig–Hof railway. The station has also lost its former importance as a stop for express trains.

### Herlasgrün locomotive depot

The Herlasgrün locomotive depot, constructed in 1874, consisted of an 11.6-m turntable, a two-storey roundhouse where locomotives were heated (Heizhaus) and a coal shed.
The locomotive depot was disbanded around 1900 with the expansion of the Falkenstein locomotive depot (Bahnbetriebswerk Falkenstein). Most recently, class H III locomotives were stationed here. The locomotive shed was demolished in the 1900s; the turntable remained until the early 1970s.

### Services

The following services stop at the station:
| Line | Route | Frequency (min) |
| RB 2 | (Cheb (Eger) – Bad Brambach – Adorf (Vogtl) –) Plauen (Vogtl) ob Bf – Herlasgrün – Werdau – Zwickau (Sachs) Hbf – Zwickau (Zentrum) | 60 |
| RB 5 | Mehltheuer – Plauen ob Bf – Herlasgrün – Auerbach – Falkenstein – Zwotental – Klingenthal – Kraslice – Sokolov | 60 |
# Reinert

Companies
Reinert is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Al Reinert (1947–2018), American journalist and film producer
* Alexander A. Reinert, professor of law
* Bianca Reinert (c.1966–2018), Brazilian ornithologist
* Emil-Edwin Reinert (1903–1953), French film director and screenwriter
* Emmanuel Reinert
* Erik S. Reinert (born 1949), Norwegian economist
* Ernst-Wilhelm Reinert (1919–2007), German military aviator
* Gesine Reinert, statistician at Oxford
* Johan Reinert Reiersen (1810–1864), Norwegian-American writer
* Katrin Reinert (born 1988), German rower
* Paul C. Reinert (1910–2001), president of Saint Louis University
* Rick Reinert (1925–2018), American animator
* Robert Reinert (1872–1928), German film director and screenwriter
* Roger Reinert (born 1970), American politician
* Sean Reinert (1971–2020), American drummer
* Sebastian Reinert (born 1987), German footballer
* Susan Reinert (died 1979), American murder victim
# Iana (goddess)

Iana is the name of an ancient Roman goddess associated with arches and the moon, usually identified as either a form of Diana or the female counterpart of Janus.
Varro (1st century BC) uses the name in his agricultural treatise, in a passage of dialogue in which the interlocutors explain that some farming tasks should be done when the moon is waxing, while the waning phase facilitates others, such as harvesting, shearing sheep, and clearing woodlands. It seems to be a name used by country people. Orosius (5th century AD) has a form Ianium (in some readings) equivalent to Dianium, referring to either a shrine or the Temple of Diana on the Aventine Hill. Diana is one of the Roman goddesses most often identified with the moon, but Usener thought Iana might be better identified with Juno Lucina.
The Church Father Tertullian, however, calls Iana a diva arquis, "goddess of arches" (Latin arcus or arquus, "arch; rainbow"). The arch as a passageway or portal suggests Iana as the female counterpart of Janus, whose role as a "doorkeeper" includes functions pertaining to time and the heavens. Varro's contemporary Nigidius Figulus identified Janus with Apollo and Iana with Diana.
W.H. Roscher includes Iana among the indigitamenta, the list of deities maintained by Roman priests to assure that the correct divinity was invoked for rituals.
# Huxley College

Huxley College may refer to:
* Huxley College of the Environment, an interdisciplinary environmental college at Western Washington University.
* Huxley College, a fictional college in the famous 1932 Marx Brothers film, Horse Feathers.
# Valdecaballeros Nuclear Power Plant

39°17′27″N 5°10′50″W﻿ / ﻿39.29083°N 5.18056°W﻿ / 39.29083; -5.18056
Valdecaballeros Nuclear Power Plant is an abandoned nuclear power plant in the Valdecaballeros municipality, Badajoz Province, Extremadura, Spain. It was under construction in 1983 when the Spanish nuclear power expansion program was cancelled following a change of government. Its two BWRs, each of 975 MWe, were mothballed, one 60% complete and the other 70% complete. In 1994, the decision was taken that the plant would not be completed.
The abandoned nuclear power plant is 4 km north of the town, close to the Guadalupe River which has its mouth in the Guadiana at the Garcia de Sola Dam only 2 km downriver from the plant.
# Otağlı, Damal

Otağlı is a village in the Damal District, Ardahan Province, Turkey. Its population is 384 (2021). The village is populated by Turkmens.
# James Buckman

James Buckman (November 20, 1814 – November 23, 1884) was a British pharmaceutical chemist, professor, museum curator, botanist, geologist, archaeologist, author and farmer.

## Life

Buckman was professor of geology, botany, and zoology at the Royal Agricultural College from 1848 to 1863. He founded the university's botanical garden, with which he conducted a number of important botanical experiments, some of which were even mentioned in Darwin's Origin of Species . However, this and other issues caused discord between Buckman and Royal Agricultural College's Principal, the Reverend John Constable. Buckman resigned his position and Constable ordered the botanical gardens to be destroyed.
Buckman developed a variety of parsnip, the "Student" cultivar. There are herbarium specimens collected by James Buckman in the Charterhouse School Herbarium, housed at the University & Jepson Herbaria, University of California, Berkeley.

## Family

Buckman married in 1858 married Julia Savory (1834–1865), daughter of John Savory, a pharmacist. They had five children, among them Sydney Savory Buckman.
# Peter Robinson (cricketer, born 1929)

Peter Michael Heasty Robinson (14 October 1929 – 23 March 2023) was a Trinidadian-born English first-class cricketer.
Robinson was born at Port of Spain and educated in England at Lancing College and at Magdalene College, Cambridge. An all-rounder, he played a single first-class cricket match for L. C. Stevens' XI against Cambridge University at Eastbourne in 1961. His son, Jonathan, played first-class cricket for Surrey from 1988 to 1992.
# Huxley Stakes

The Huxley Stakes is a Group 2 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged four years or older. It is run over a distance of 1 mile, 2 furlongs and 70 yards (2,076 metres) at Chester in May.

## History

The event is named after Huxley, a village located to the east of Chester. It was established in 1999, and the first running was won by Chester House. It initially held Listed status, and was promoted to Group 3 level in 2005. It was upgraded again to Group 2 level in 2018.
The trophy for the Huxley Stakes is known as the Tradesman's Cup. Another race at the venue, the Chester Cup, was originally called the Tradesmen's Cup.

## Records

Most successful horse (3 wins):
* Maraahel – 2005, 2006, 2007
Leading jockey (8 wins):
* Ryan Moore - Doctor Fremantle (2009), Await The Dawn (2011), Marcret (2012), Cannock Chase (2016), Deauville (2017), Armory (2021), Solid Stone (2022), Point Lonsdale (2023)
Leading trainer (8 wins):
* Sir Michael Stoute – Adilabad (2001), Maraahel (2005, 2006, 2007), Doctor Fremantle (2009), Cannock Chase (2016), Solid Stone (2022), Passenger (2024)
Leading owner (4 wins):
* Hamdan Al Maktoum - Bandari (2004), Maraahel (2005, 2006, 2007)
* Sue Magnier - Await the Dawn (2011), Deauville (2017), Armory (2021), Point Lonsdale (2023)
* Michael Tabor - Await the Dawn (2011), Deauville (2017), Armory (2021), Point Lonsdale (2023)

## Winners

* ↑ The 2020 running was cancelled because of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom
# Colin Russell

Colin Russell may refer to:
* Colin Russell (EastEnders), character in EastEnders
* Colin A. Russell (1928–2013), Emeritus Professor of History of Science and Technology at the Open University
* Colin Russell (swimmer) (born 1984), Canadian swimmer
* Colin Russell (footballer) (born 1961), English former footballer
# Noemí Escandell

Noemí Escandell (1942–2019) was an Argentine postwar contemporary artist. Her abstract, geometric works on paper and wood were censored from 1968 through 1983. During the Juan Carlos Ongania dictatorship, she joined Rosario's Grupo de Arte Vanguardia, which organized the Tucumán arde protest.
Her work has been featured in several exhibitions in galleries and museums, including the Jewish Museum of New York and Henrique Faria, Buenos Aires.
# Purseni

Purseni is a village in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, which now comes under the city limits as it was included in Nagar nigam. It is approximately 20 km from Lucknow city's centre point. Purseni's gram panchayat comprises the villages: Purseni, Gopal Kheda, Nagar, Hiraman Kheda. The main activity center of this village is Thakur Dwara which hosts a temple and playground. During the time of Dushehera Thakurdwara also hosts Ram Lila for five days as well. The main activity of villagers includes farming, government services, etc.

## Festivals

Festivals which are celebrated are Holi, Diwali, Khichdi, Rakchha Bandhan. Also on the occasion of Holi, prahlad is staged and holika dahan is done, also after that color festival is celebrated and a folksong which is known as "Faag" is sung by villagers. At some places Thandai is served and in the evening Holi Milan is done where villagers go to each other's place and they are served with dishes such as gujhiya, namkeen, etc.
# Hydrelia pavonica

Hydrelia pavonica is a moth in the family Geometridae first described by Dayong Xue in 1999. It is found in China.
# Robert Tufts (disambiguation)

Robert Tufts (born 1955) is an American former baseball pitcher.
Robert Tufts may also refer to:
* Robert Tufts (politician) (born 2009), American mayor of Dorset, Minnesota
* Robert Tufts, co-writer NSC 68
# Cladonia alpina

Cladonia alpina (Swedish: Gaffelbägarlav) is a species of fruticose lichen that is in the family Cladoniaceae. It has been found in Japan, Norway, and the United Kingdom.
Molecular phylogenetic analysis indicates that Cladonia alpina is a member of the Erythrocarpae: Subglaucescentes clade, a group of species including C. floerkeana, C. macilenta and C. polydactyla. Although the presence of porphyrilic acid has been claimed to be diagnostic for this species, some non-European collections lack this substance.

## Description

Cladonia alpina is similar to Cladonia macilenta in appearance, but has taller podetia measuring up to 5 cm (2 in) in height, usually bifurcate or sparingly dichotomously branched in the upper part. Podetia are partially corticate or sorediate throughout, or more or less corticate with soredia only towards and at the tips; the soredia are farinose to somewhat granular. Squamules at the base of the podetia are 1–2 mm long, and are scalloped or incised. Apothecia are red, and quite rare. Pycnidia occur on the tip of the podetia, with red pycnidial jelly. The expected results of standard chemical spot tests on the thallus are C−, K−, KC−, Pd− (or rarely Pd+ yellow), and UV−. Lichens products found in this species include barbatic acid, porphyrilic acid, and thamnolic acid.
# Patigrabana

Patigrabana was a historical city in Parthia. It is known of only from the Behistun Inscription.
According to that text, Patigrabana is where Hystaspes – father of Darius I and Achaemenid governor of Parthia – fought a battle against Parthian and Hyrcanian rebels supporting one Phraortes (not to be confused with the earlier Median emperor of the same name) around 520 BC. Hystaspes had earlier fought a battle against them at Vishpauzati. He was reinforced by Achaemenid troops from Rhagae, then attacked and defeated the rebels at Patigrabana and secured Parthia for Darius.
Its name means "place where goods are collected," and the city may have been located at the present-day site of Mashhad.
# PSISa Salatiga

Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Salatiga (simply known as PSISa Salatiga) is an Indonesian football club based in Salatiga, Central Java. They currently compete in the Liga 3.
# 1980 President's Cup

1980 President's Cup may refer to:
* 1980 President's Cup (Maldives)
* 1980 President's Cup Football Tournament
# Łęgi

Łęgi may refer to the following places:
* Łęgi, Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Łęgi, Masovian Voivodeship (east-central Poland)
* Łęgi, Opole Voivodeship (south-west Poland)
* Łęgi, Police County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland)
* Łęgi, Świdwin County in West Pomeranian Voivodeship (north-west Poland)
# Putanga

Putanga, also spelt Paranga, is a village in Apac, Uganda.
# Hydrelia ochrearia

Hydrelia ochrearia is a moth in the family Geometridae first described by John Henry Leech in 1897. It is found in China.
# Robert W. Decker

Robert Wayne Decker (11 March 1927 – 11 June 2005) was an American volcanologist.

## Life

He attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and received his BS degree in 1949 and his MS in 1951. He continued his graduate studies at the Colorado School of Mines and received his DS in 1953 on the geology of the Independence Range in northern Elko County, Nevada. He worked for Bethlehem Steel in Venezuela 1949–50, New World Exploration Company 1951–54, University of Illinois 1954, Dartmouth College 1954–79 and Hawaiian Volcano Observatory 1979–84. He moved to California in 1984. He established the Center for the Study of Active Volcanoes (CSAV) at the University of Hawaii at Hilo in 1989.
He was president of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI, 1975–79).
He was married to Joann Stabley from Williamsport, Pennsylvania on June 6, 1950. There are 4 Decker sons from this marriage. She was instrumental in copyreading and typing his MS thesis and his Doctoral thesis and assisted him in collecting the geologic information contained therein. Joann accompanied him on many trips around the world including his initial work at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, where he served as Scientist-in-Charge from 1979–84. They were divorced on December 3, 1973. He was later married to Barbara Henneberger. There were no children from this marriage.

## Selected publications

* Robert Decker, Barbara Decker (1991) Mountains of Fire. The Nature of Volcanoes, Cambridge University Press
* Robert Decker (April 1, 1993) Von Pompeji zum Pinatubo - Die Urgewalt der Vulkane, Basel: Birkhäuser, 1 ed., ISBN 978-3764327972
* Robert Decker, Barbara Decker (2001) Volcanoes in America´s National Parks, Odyssey Guides
* Robert Decker, Barbara Decker (2005) Volcanoes, San Francisco: Freeman, 4 ed., ISBN 978-0716789291
* Double Decker Press:
** Robert Decker, Barbara Decker (2007) Road Guide to Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, Double Decker Press, 6 ed., pp. 48, ISBN 978-1888898118
** Robert Decker, Barbara Decker (2007) Road Guide to Haleakala and the Hana Highway , Double Decker Press, 3 ed., pp. 48, ISBN 978-1888898125
** Robert Decker, Barbara Decker (2006) Road Guide to Joshua Tree National Park, Double Decker Press, 3 ed., pp. 48, ISBN 978-1888898101
** Robert Decker, Barbara Decker (2004) Road Guide to Death Valley National Park, Double Decker Press, updated ed., pp. 48, ISBN 978-1888898088
** Robert Decker, Barbara Decker (2004) Road Guide to Crater Lake National Park, Double Decker Press, 3 ed., pp. 48, ISBN 978-1888898095
** Robert Decker, Barbara Decker (2002) Road Guide to Mount St. Helens, Double Decker Press, updated ed., pp. 48, ISBN 978-1888898064
** Robert Decker, Barbara Decker (1997) Road Guide to Lassen Volcanic National Park, Double Decker Press, 1 ed., pp. 48, ISBN 978-1888898026
** Robert Decker, Barbara Decker (1996) Road Guide to Mount Rainier National Park, Double Decker Press, pp. 48, ISBN 1888898003
# Renaldo Rijkhoff

Renaldo Rijkhoff is a Dutch mixed martial artist.

## Mixed martial arts record

Professional record breakdown :
| 5 matches | 2 wins | 3 losses |
| By knockout | 2 | 3 |
| Res. | Record | Opponent | Method | Event | Date | Round | Time | Location |
| Loss | 2–3 | Patrick de Witte | TKO | FFH: Free Fight Explosion 1 | May 27, 2001 | 0 | 0:00 | Beverwijk, North Holland, Netherlands |
| Loss | 2–2 | Sander MacKilljan | KO (punch) | Rings Holland: Di Capo Di Tutti Capi | June 4, 2000 | 1 | 1:50 | Utrecht, Netherlands |
| Loss | 2–1 | Peter Verschuren | KO (knee) | Rings Holland: There Can Only Be One Champion | February 6, 2000 | 1 | 3:13 | Utrecht, Netherlands |
| Win | 2–0 | Rick Holshuizen | KO (punch) | Rings Holland: The Kings of the Magic Ring | June 20, 1999 | 2 | 1:12 | Utrecht, Netherlands |
| Win | 1–0 | Fred de Weerd | KO | FFH: Free Fight Gala | January 9, 1999 | 0 | 0:00 | Beverwijk, North Holland, Netherlands |