# Molina Devi

Molina Devi (1917 — 13 August 1977), also known as Molina Debi and Malina Debi, was an Indian Bengali actress of Bengali and Hindi film and theatre. As an actress, she played a wide variety of parts, later frequently playing matronly parts, especially Rani Rashmoni, patroness of the 19th century Bengali mystic Sri Ramakrishna. She acted in several dozen films, mostly in Bengali and Hindi. With actor Gurudas Banerjee, she also directed a Calcutta-based theatre troupe, M. G. Enterprises.$^{:688}$

## Early life

Molina Devi was born on 13 August 1917 in Calcutta.$^{:275}$$^{:13}$

## Career

Molina Devi started her career as trainee under Aparesh Chandra Mukhopadhyay. She debuted in a silent film at the age of 8. Thereafter worked as dancer in mythological and historical plays in the Bengali theatre in the 1920s, and later sometimes played roles as a young boy, such as the role of Dara in Jahangir (1929), and later played roles as a heroine.$^{:275}$ She also performed some memorable roles in Hindi films. She took various roles, even vamps in her early career such as in Pramathesh Barua's Rajat Jayanti in 1939.
In 1954 she got a break through in Puran Bhagat and in 1955, Molina played the title role in the film Rani Rasmani. She also directed a Kolkata based theatre troupe, M. G. Enterprises. Molina worked in Rangana theatre as chief artist. She performed as a singer on radio and contributed for formation of Mahila Silpi Mahal, a welfare association for female artists of Bengal. For her contribution in the field of drama, she receives the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award.
Molina Devi and actor Gurudas Banerjee together they operated their own touring theatre, M. G. Enterprises,$^{:688}$ which "specialized in commercial productions of devotional drama" in which Banerjee played the role of Sri Ramakrishna and other holy men."$^{:275}$
Molina Devi died on 13 August 1977 in Kolkata.

### Roles

Molina Devi acted in a variety of roles, many times as Rani Rashmoni, which she played on both stage and in film.
From the 1950s through the 1970s, Molina Devi commonly portrayed Rani Rashmoni in the Bengali Theatre and films.
Sushil Mukherjee explains that the drama Jugadevata, which debuted on the Calcutta stage on 19 November 1948,
   was a devotional drama... on the life of the Saint of Dakshineswar [Ramakrishna] [that] became immensely popular and established two artistes who became wholly identified with the two characters they represented. These were Gurudas Banerjee who was seen as Sri Ramkrishna and Molina Debi who appeared as Rani Rasmoni, the founder of the famous Bhabatarini (Kali) temple at Dakshineswar. Since their appearance in Jugadevata at Kalika in 1948 Gurudas and Molina have appeared in the characters of these two persons in a number of other plays, both on the stage and on the screen....$^{:288}$
Films in which Molina Devi played the role of Rani Rashmoni included Rani Rashmoni (1955). Theatrical plays in which she played Rani Rashmoni included Jugadebata (1948) and Thakur Sri Ramakrishna (1955).

### Reception

According to Sushil Mukherjee, in the many screen and stage appearances since 1948 in which Molina Devi and Gurudas Banerjee have played Rani Rashmoni and Ramakrishna Dev together, they "have carried the audience with them in every performance."$^{:288}$
In 1966, The Illustrated Weekly of India mentioned Molina Devi's troupe's performance in a review of the 1965-66 theatre season in Delhi. The Weekly stated that
   Milan Samity of Delhi sponsored the M. G. Enterprise of Calcutta, who brought two plays, Thakur Shri Ramakrishna and Baskunther Will, and an able company of actors. The credit for composing Thakur Shri Ramakrishna, round the story of Rani Rashmoni, and for bringing this legendary figure to life on the stage, goes to Molina Devi and Gurudas, who headed the company.... It is not easy to put across a religious theme, but Molina and Gurudas did so convincingly, helped greatly by the telling effects of light and music.

### Theatre roles

The following table partially chronicles Molina Devi's stage career. It is not complete.
| Opening date | Title | Role | Location Calcutta unless otherwise specified | Playwright | Director | Notes and other cast |
| 19 Nov. 1948 | Jugadebata | Rani Rashmoni | Kalika Theatre | Tarak Mukherjee | | Source;$^{:688}$ Also Gurudas Banerjee (Sri Ramakrishna) |
| 1955 | Thakur Sri Ramakrishna | Rani Rashmoni | Minerva Theatre | | | Source;$^{:292}$ Also Gurudas Banerjee (Sri Ramakrishna). Part of a state Congress celebration |

### Film roles

Roles and details of selected films of Molina Devi appear in the table below. Films known to be dubbed versions of other films have not been listed. Any films known to be multilinguals (separately filmed in multiple languages) are explicitly noted as multilinguals.
| Year | Film Title | Molina Role | Film Director | Notes & Sources (DB=data base) |
| 1950 | Vidyasagar | ? | Kali Prasad Ghosh | Bengali; Sources: DBs, other Gurudas Banerjee as Sri Ramakrishna |
| 1952 | Vidyasagar | ? | Kali Prasad Ghosh | Hindi; Sources: DBs |
| 1955 | Rani Rashmoni | Rani Rashmoni | Kali Prasad Ghosh | Bengali; Sources: DBs Gurudas Banerjee as Sri Ramakrishna |
| 1958 | Sadhak Bamakhyapa | ? | Banshi Ash | Bengali; Sources: DBs Gurudas Banerjee as Sadhak Bamakhyapa |
| 1956 | Mahakavi Girish Chandra | ? | Madhu Bose | Bengali; Sources: DBs Pahadi Sanyal as Girish Chandra Ghosh. The film won a 1956 Certificate of Merit. Gurudas Banerjee as Sri Ramakrishna |
| 1964 | Bireswar Vivekananda | ? | Madhu Bose | Bengali; Sources: DBs Amaresh Das as Vivekananda, Gurudas Banerjee as Sri Ramakrishna |

## Partial filmography

* Chirakumar Sabha (1932)
* Kapalkundala (1933)
* Rajrani Meera (1933)
* Puran Bhagat (film) (1933)
* Dulari Bibi (1933)
* Abhagin (1938)
* Manzil (1936)
* Karodpati (1936)
* Bardidi (1939)
* Rajat Jayanti (1939)
* Banglar Meye (1941)
* Matir Ghar (1944)
* Mane Na Mana (1945)
* Nandita (1945)
* Ramer Sumati (1947)
* Srinkhal (1947)
* Shesh Nibedan (1948)
* Vidyasagar (1950)
* Baikunther Will (1950)
* Sharey Chuattor (1953)
* Saat Number Kayedi (1953)
* Nabin Jatra (1953)
* Annapurnar Mandir (1954)
* Ora Thake Odhare (1954)
* Mantra Shakti (1954)
* Rani Rasmani (1955)
* Mahakavi Girish Chandra (1956)
* Ekti Raat (1956)
* Nilachaley Mahaprabhu (1957)
* Sree Sree Maa (1958)
* Indranath Srikanta O Annadadidi (1959)
* "Jug Devata" (1960)
* Saat Paake Bandha (1963)
* Bireswar Vivekananda (1964)
* Bon Palashir Padabali (1973)
* Debi Choudhrani (1974)
* Fuleswari (1974)
* Moyna (1978)