OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pongal

Pongal may refer to:
* Pongal (dish), a South Indian meal prepared from rice, milk and other ingredients prepared during the festival
* Pongal (festival) or Thai Pongal, an annual Tamil people festival, which is celebrated for planting crops during the month of Thai
* Pongal River, a river in Espírito Santo, Brazil
# Jefferson fracture

A Jefferson fracture is a bone fracture of the anterior and posterior arches of the C1 vertebra, though it may also appear as a three- or two-part fracture. The fracture may result from an axial load on the back of the head or hyperextension of the neck (e.g. caused by diving), causing a posterior break, and may be accompanied by a break in other parts of the cervical spine.
It is named after the British neurologist and neurosurgeon Sir Geoffrey Jefferson, who reported four cases of the fracture in 1920 in addition to reviewing cases that had been reported previously.

## Signs and symptoms

Individuals with Jefferson fractures usually experience pain in the upper neck but no neurological signs. The fracture may also cause damage to the arteries in the neck, resulting in lateral medullary syndrome, Horner's syndrome, ataxia, and the inability to sense pain or temperature.
In rare cases, congenital abnormality may cause the same symptoms as a Jefferson fracture.

## Cause

Jefferson fracture is often caused by an impact or load on the back of the head, and are frequently associated with diving into shallow water, impact against the roof of a vehicle and falls, and in children may occur due to falls from playground equipment. Less frequently, strong rotation of the head may also result in Jefferson fractures.
Jefferson fractures are extremely rare in children, but recovery is usually complete without surgery.

## Treatment

The use of surgery to treat a Jefferson fracture is somewhat controversial. Non-surgical treatment varies depending on if the fracture is stable or unstable, defined by an intact or broken transverse ligament and degree of fracture of the anterior arch. An intact ligament requires the use of a soft or hard collar, while a ruptured ligament may require traction, a halo or surgery. The use of rigid halos can lead to intracranial infections and are often uncomfortable for individuals wearing them, and may be replaced with a more flexible alternative depending on the stability of the injured bones, but treatment of a stable injury with a halo collar can result in a full recovery. Surgical treatment of a Jefferson fracture involves fusion or fixation of the first three cervical vertebrae; fusion may occur immediately, or later during treatment in cases where non-surgical interventions are unsuccessful. A primary factor in deciding between surgical and non-surgical intervention is the degree of stability as well as the presence of damage to other cervical vertebrae.
Though a serious injury, the long-term consequences of a Jefferson's fracture are uncertain and may not impact longevity or abilities, even if untreated. Conservative treatment with an immobilization device can produce excellent long-term recovery.
# Pomeroyton, Kentucky

Pomeroyton is an unincorporated community in Menifee County, Kentucky, United States. It lies along Route 746, southeast of the city of Frenchburg, the county seat of Menifee County. Its elevation is 1,043 feet (318 m).
Pomeroyton is part of the Mount Sterling Micropolitan Statistical Area.
# Pont Cardinet station

Pont Cardinet station (French: Gare de Pont Cardinet) is a railway station in Paris. It is situated on the Paris–Le Havre railway. It is the first station on the line originating from Gare Saint-Lazare in Paris. The station building is situated above the track level alongside Rue Cardinet. The station is equipped with escalators and Solari destination boards. The main line continues towards Clichy whilst a small line, now closed, branches off towards Pereire-Levallois and links St Lazare to the RER C, this branch was once part of Ligne d'Auteuil and closed in June 1996. Today, there are shuttle buses connecting Pereire-Levallois on RER C. Since December 2020, the station is also connected to the Paris Métro line 14 with the construction of the Pont Cardinet metro station.

## History

Originally named Batignolles station (French: Gare des Batignolles), the station opened on 2 May 1854, along with the Auteuil railway.

## Trivia

Pont Cardinet is the only SNCF station in the commune of Paris (intra muros) that is not also either a terminus or an RER station.
# Pontidia gens

The gens Pontidia was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome. Members of this gens appear in history during the final century of the Republic, but none of them obtained any of the higher offices of the Roman state.

## Origin

The nomen Pontidius belongs to a class of gentilicia which were originally derived from cognomina ending in -idus. However, such names were so common that the ending -idius came to be regarded as a regular gentile-forming suffix, and was applied in cases where there was no morphological justification. This may have been the case with Pontidius, which is probably derived from the Oscan praenomen Pompo or Pomptus, which also gave rise to several other nomina, including Pompilius, Pomponius, and Pontius. Pompo was the Oscan cognate of the Latin praenomen Quintus, and thus Pontidius was equivalent to Latin gentes such as Quinctia and Quinctilia.

## Members

* Gaius Pontidius, one of the leaders of the allies during the Social War, probably the general of the Vestini. Appian calls him "Gaius Pontilius".
* Pontidia, a Roman matron, whose son was a candidate for the hand of Tullia, daughter of Cicero.
* Marcus Pontidius, a native of Arpinum, is praised by Cicero as a refined, passionate, and efficient orator and advocate in the law courts.
# Poorvi Star

The Poorvi Star is a service medal given to Indian military personnel who served in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971.
# Port Simpson Water Aerodrome

Port Simpson Water Aerodrome, formerly IATA: YPI, TC LID: CAN8, was located adjacent to Lax Kw'alaams (Port Simpson), British Columbia, Canada.
# Pontiturboella

Pontiturboella is a genus of minute sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks or micromollusks in the family Rissoidae.

## Species

Species within the genus Pontiturboella include:
* Pontiturboella rufostrigata (Hesse, 1916)
# Porte d'Italie station

Porte d'Italie (French pronunciation:) is a station on Line 7 of the Paris Métro, and a stop on tramway T3a in the 13th arrondissement. It is named after the Porte d'Italie, a gate in the 19th century Thiers wall of Paris, which led to the south and Italy.

## History

The station opened on 7 March 1930 as part of line 10's extension from Place d'Italie to Porte de Choisy. On 26 April 1931, it was transferred to line 7. Along with Porte de Bagnolet (line 3), Porte Dorée (line 8), and Porte de Pantin (line 5), it is one of four stations built at the former gates of Paris without having been a terminus.
On 23 March 1973, a carriage of an MF 67 train caught fire, causing it to be completely destroyed and damaging part of the station. The release of toxic fumes intoxicated two passengers.
The service, then provided by all trains on the line, is now only provided by one out of every two trains when a second branch to Le Kremlin–Bicêtre (now further extended to Villejuif–Louis Aragon) opened on 10 December 1982.
As part of the "Un métro + beau" programme by the RATP, the station's corridors and platform lighting were renovated and modernised on 12 January 2005.
On 6 September 2014, a knife fight between two passengers on a train continued after alighting at the station at around 6 am, with one of them stabbed at the side. A cleaner at the station was also injured.
In 2019, the station was used by 2,363,639 passengers, making it the 218th busiest of the Métro network out of 302 stations.
In 2020, the station was used by 1,458,709 passengers amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, making it the 180th busiest of the Métro network out of 304 stations.
In 2021, the station was used by 1,507,152 passengers, making it the 235th busiest of the Métro network out of 304 stations.

## Passenger services
### Access

The station has four accesses:
* Access 1: Square Hélène-Boucher (two staircases)
* Access 2: Boulevard Masséna
* Access 3: avenue d'Italie
* Access 4: rue Fernand Widal (with an ascending escalator) (exit only)

### Station layout

Street Level :
| B1 | Mezzanine | Mezzanine |
| Platform level | Side platform, doors will open on the right | Side platform, doors will open on the right |
| Platform level | Southbound | ← toward Mairie d'Ivry (Porte de Choisy) |
| Platform level | Northbound | → toward La Courneuve–8 mai 1945 (Maison Blanche) → |
| Side platform, doors will open on the right ||

### Platforms

The slightly curved station has a standard configuration with 2 tracks surrounded by 2 side platforms.

### Other connections
#### Tramway

The station has been served by tramway T3a since 16 December 2006 as part of its initial section between Pont du Garigliano and Porte d'Ivry.

#### Bus

The station is also served by lines 47, 131, 184, 185, and 186 of the RATP bus network, and at night, by lines N15, N22, and N144 of the Noctilien bus network.

## Nearby

* Jardin du Moulin-de-la-Pointe - Paul Quilès
* Parc Kellermann
* Porte d'Italie
* Square Hélène-Boucher
* Square Robert-Bajac

## Gallery

* Tramway T3a stop
* Access 1
* Another view of access 1
* Access 2
* Access 3
* Access 4
# Population structure

Population structure may refer to many aspectsof population ecology:
* Population structure (genetics), also called population stratification
* Population pyramid
* Age class structure
* F-statistics
* Population density
* Population distribution
* Population dynamics
* Population genetics
* Population growth
* Population size
# Qusum

Qusum may refer to:
* Qusum County, county in Tibet
* Qusum Town, town in Tibet
# Porth-y-carn, Usk

Porth-y-carn, Porthycarne Street, Usk, Monmouthshire is an early 19th-century Neoclassical villa. Built c. 1834 for Thomas Reece, the agent of the "iron king", Crawshay Bailey, it is a Grade II* listed building.

## History

The architectural historian John Newman suggests a construction date of 1834-5. The client was Thomas Reece, who served as the agent for the industrialist Crawshay Bailey. Reece also served as a Justice of the Peace, in 1845 serving on a committee of justices to enquire into allegations of misconduct against the governor of the Usk House of Correction. Reece died in 1853. In the year before his death, the house had the highest rateable value of any property in Usk. Porth-y-carn remains a private residence.

## Architecture and description

The villa is of two storeys, the doorcase flanked by a Doric columned porch. Cadw suggests that the interior retains some of its 19th century fittings and furnishings.
# Porth Dafarch

Porth Dafarch is a small bay on the west coast of Anglesey in North Wales. The inlet is on the west side of Holy Island, Anglesey about 2 mi (3.2 km) southwest of Holyhead and 1.5 mi (2.4 km) northwest of Trearddur Bay. It has a sandy beach and is a popular visitor destination. In 2021 Porth Dafarch beach awarded as Blue Flag beach.

## Toponym

The origin of the Welsh name is uncertain: although some claim that the placename is a contraction of Porth Dau Farch ("Harbour of the Two Stallions"), scholars are fairly sure that this is not the case. Indeed, in documents the name has been recorded as Porth Davagh ("Davagh's Harbour") (1545), Porth Daverch (1878), Porth y Dafarch (1799), Porth y Daferch (1789), and the present Porth Dafarch (since 1838). It has been tentatively suggested that "Tafarch" (which takes a soft mutation after porth to become "Dafarch") was a personal name, albeit not a common one.

## Geology

The bay, which is roughly 100 metres across, is created from Precambrian rock that has been eroded into high cliffs and sea caves. As part of Holy Island, Anglesey, it belongs to the large geological feature known as the Monian Supergroup. It opens out southwest into the Irish Sea.

## History

Porth Dafarch was used from the mid-17th to early-19th century as an alternative to the main port of Holyhead when it was affected by adverse weather conditions in the Irish Sea. Passengers would use the sheltered bay to set sail for Dublin in Ireland. However, with the commencement of a steam service in 1822 (and the construction of the Holyhead Breakwater), Porth Dafarch was no longer required as an alternative port. The old customs post can still be seen, dating from 1819. It allowed mail and passengers to be landed on Holyhead Island when Northerly winds made landing at Holyhead impossible. By 1873, the new harbour was completed at Holyhead making the customs post redundant. The Grade 2 listed building is fenced off from public access due to its poor condition.
The bay is a popular visitor destination because of its sandy beach and the opportunity for rock-pooling. It is also popular for watersports, particularly windsurfing, surfing, canoeing, sailing and jet skiing. Scuba divers are able to view the Missouri, a 3000-ton vessel that was wrecked in 1886 on its way to Boston. The bay is in close proximity to campsites and the Anglesey Coastal Path.
A marine fibre-optic cable that links Ireland to the UK makes landfall at Porth Dafarch. The CeltixConnect, which consists of 72 fibre pairs, was laid over a period of about 30 days between mid-December 2011 and mid-January 2012.
# Jeff Staggs

Jeffrey Hugh Staggs (May 14, 1944 - September 17, 2014) was an American college and professional football player who played for the San Diego State Aztecs and San Diego Chargers.

## Early life

Staggs was born in Elgin, Illinois and raised in San Diego County. After graduating from Point Loma High School, he attended Brigham Young University and San Diego City College.

## Career
### College

For two years, Staggs played college football at San Diego State University under coach Don Coryell, where he was a linebacker on the Aztecs' winning the Camellia Bowl in 1966 and was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 2009.

### Professional

Staggs played professionally in the American Football League and the National Football League for the San Diego Chargers (1967–1972 and 1974) and the St. Louis Cardinals (1973). He was traded along with a second rounder in 1972 and a second and third rounder in 1973 from the Chargers to the Rams for Deacon Jones, Lee White and Greg Wojcik on January 29, 1972.

## Personal life

Staggs died in his sleep on September 17, 2014. After his death, Staggs's brain was donated to the Boston University CTE Center and Brain Bank, where it was found that he had suffered from chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). He is one of at least 345 NFL players to be diagnosed after death with chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which is caused by repeated hits to the head. In 2018, a wrongful death lawsuit was filed on behalf of Staggs and other football players against the National Collegiate Athletic Association.
# Port Royal and Western Carolina Railway

The Port Royal and Western Carolina Railway (PR&WC) was a railroad company in the southern United States that operated on 229 miles (369 km) of 4 ft 9 in (1,448 mm) gauge track. It was formed in 1886 by the merger of the Augusta and Knoxville Railroad, Greenwood, Laurens and Spartanburg Railroad, Savannah Valley Railroad and the Greenville and Laurens Railroad, which then joined with Port Royal and Augusta Railway.
The Port Royal and Western Carolina, and Port Royal and Augusta were operated as part of the Central of Georgia Railroad line until the South Carolina General Assembly forced the railroad to give up the lines. The Charleston and Western Carolina Railway was formed in 1896 to operate the two lines.
The Atlantic Coast Line Railroad took over the Charleston and Western Carolina in 1897 but operated it as a subsidiary until 1959 when it was fully absorbed by the Atlantic Coast Line.
# Port Saint-Sauveur

The Port Saint-Sauveur is one of the two river ports located in Toulouse on the Canal du Midi. The other being the Port de l'Embouchure.
# R501 (South Africa)

The R501 is a Regional Route in South Africa that connects Carletonville with Viljoenskroon via Potchefstroom.

## Route

It begins at a junction with the N12 national route in Gauteng province (south-west of Westonaria), just west of the N12's intersection with the R28. It goes west for 19 kilometres and the first town it comes to is Carletonville, where it intersects with the R500 just south of the Carletonville town centre.
After bypassing the town centre, it continues westwards to meet the south-western terminus of the R559. Just after, it crosses into the North West province, and gradually turns into a more southerly direction, bypassing the Boskop Dam, to reach Potchefstroom to the south-west.
In Potchefstroom, it enters as Thabo Mbeki Drive and reaches a junction with the R53 (Albert Luthuli Drive). The R501 and R53 become one road eastwards on Albert Luthuli Avenue, then southwards on Govan Mbeki Avenue, before the R53 leaves Govan Mbeki Avenue and becomes its own road eastwards in the town centre. Just after, by Mooirivier Mall, the R501 meets the N12 national route for the second time.
It leaves the city in a south-south-westerly direction, initially following the Mooi River. It proceeds to cross the Vaal River into the Free State at the Scandinavia Drift and end at an intersection with the R59 north of Viljoenskroon.
# Pabstiella truncicola

Pabstiella truncicola is a species of orchid plant native to Brazil.
# Patan, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency

Patan is one of the 230 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly constituencies of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. It is a segment of the Jabalpur (Lok Sabha constituency) and is in Jabalpur district. After the last delimitation in 2007, the constituency comprises the Majholi and Patan tehsils of Jabalpur district.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

| Year | Member | Party |
| 1993 | Ramnaresh Tripathy | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 1998 | Sobaran Singh | Janata Dal |
| 2003 | Sobaran Singh | Indian National Congress |
| 2008 | Ajay Vishnoi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2013 | Neelesh Awasthi | Indian National Congress |
| 2018 | Ajay Vishnoi | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2023 | Ajay Vishnoi | Bharatiya Janata Party |

## Election results
### 2018

2018 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election: Patan :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | BJP | Ajay Vishnoi | 100,159 | |
| | None of the Above | NOTA | 3,180 | 1.71 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 186,159 | 79.19 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 235,091 | |
| | Swing to BJP from INC | Swing to BJP from INC | Swing | |
# Hassengers Corner, Maryland

Hassengers Corner is an unincorporated community at the intersection of Maryland Route 213 and Maryland Route 561 in Kent County, Maryland, United States.
# NABC

NABC is an initialism that may refer to any of the following:
* North American Bridge Championships, North American contract bridge tournaments
* National Association of Basketball Coaches, an American trade association of men's college basketball coaches
* Native American Bible College, an American bible college located in Shannon, North Carolina
* North American Boxing Council, a North American sanctioning body for boxing
* North American Baptist Conference, a North American association of Baptist Congregations of German ethnic heritage.
* North American Bengali Conference, a Bengali cultural organisation
* New Albanian Brewing Company, an American microbrewery located in New Albany, Indiana
# Zenodorus

Zenodorus may refer to
* Zenodorus (spider), a genus of spiders
* Zenodorus son of Lysanias, King and ruler of Iturea
* Zenodorus (mathematician), ancient Greek mathematician
* Zenodorus (sculptor) [fr], builder of the Colossus of Nero in Rome
# Notholaena ferruginea

Notholaena ferruginea is a species name, which may refer to:
* Notholaena trichomanoides, described in 1813 as Notholaena ferruginea (Desv.) Desv.
* Myriopteris aurea, described in 1864 as Notholaena ferruginea (Willd. ex Link) Hook.
# 2007 UEFS Futsal Women's Championship

The 2007 UEFS Futsal Women's Championship was the 3rd women's UEFS futsal championship, held in Luhačovice, (Czech Republic) from 12 December to 16 December.
There were 5 teams in the competition: Czech Republic, Lithuania, Russia, Slovakia and Ukraine.
The championship was played in a league system and the Czech Republic won their first ever women's title.

## Championship

| | Pts | P | W | D | L | + | - | dif |
| Czech Republic | 12 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 45 | 2 | +43 |
| Russia | 9 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 43 | 4 | +39 |
| Slovakia | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 29 | 5 | +24 |
| Ukraine | 3 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 8 | 56 | -48 |
| Lithuania | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 63 | -58 |
| 12 December - 18:00 |
| 12 December - 18:00 | Russia | 18-1 | Lithuania | Luhačovice |
| 13 December - 17:00 |
| 13 December - 17:00 | Slovakia | 0-1 | Russia | Luhačovice |
| 13 December - 19:00 |
| 13 December - 19:00 | Czech Republic | 21-0 | Lithuania | Luhačovice |
| 14 December - 17:00 |
| 14 December - 17:00 | Lithuania | 0-17 | Slovakia | Luhačovice |
| 14 December - 19:00 |
| 14 December - 19:00 | Ukraine | 0-18 | Czech Republic | Luhačovice |
| 15 December - 9:00 |
| 15 December - 9:00 | Lithuania | 4-7 | Ukraine | Luhačovice |
| 15 December - 17:00 |
| 15 December - 17:00 | Russia | 22-0 | Ukraine | Luhačovice |
| 15 December - 19:00 |
| 15 December - 19:00 | Czech Republic | 3-0 | Slovakia | Luhačovice |
| 16 December - 11:00 |
| 16 December - 11:00 | Slovakia | 12-1 | Ukraine | Luhačovice |
| 16 December - 13:00 |
| 16 December - 13:00 | Czech Republic | 3-2 | Russia | Luhačovice |

## Final standings

Final standings :
| | Czech Republic |
| | Russia |
| | Slovakia |
| 4. | Ukraine |
| 5. | Lithuania |
# Śródmieście, Rybnik

Śródmieście ('city centre') is a district of Rybnik, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. In the late 2013 it had about 7,700 inhabitants.
The quarter encompasses the traditional area of Rybnik, old city, with market square, town hall, Basilica of St. Anthony, Our Lady of Sorrows church, Lutheran church, former Piast castle, theatre.
# Phoenix Bypass Route

Phoenix Bypass Route is a bypass route of Phoenix, Arizona. It consists the following segments:
* Arizona State Route 85, from Interstate 10 in Buckeye to Interstate 8 in Gila Bend
* Interstate 8, from Arizona State Route 85 to Interstate 10
# Pabstiella syringodes

Pabstiella syringodes is a species of orchid plant native to Colombia.
# Plaimbois-Vennes

Plaimbois-Vennes (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Doubs department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.
# Hassendean railway station

Hassendean railway station served the village of Hassendean, Scottish Borders, Scotland from 1850 to 1969 on the Waverley Route.

## History

The station opened in March 1850 by the North British Railway. The station was situated on the south side of the B6405. The goods yard was on the up side of the line, entered from the south. It consisted of two sidings, one serving a small loading dock and a brick goods shed the other serving a cattle dock. Goods services ceased on 28 December 1964. The station was downgraded to an unstaffed halt on 27 March 1967, although the suffix 'halt' was never shown in the timetables. The station was closed to passengers on 6 January 1969.