OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2018 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II – play-offs

The play-offs of the 2018 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II were the final stages of the Group II zonal competition involving teams from Europe and Africa. Using the positions determined in their pools, the eight teams faced off to determine their placing in the 2018 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group II. The top two teams advanced to Group I, and the bottom two teams were relegated down to the Group III for the next year.
| Placing | Pool A | Pool B |
| 1 | Greece | Israel |
| 2 | Denmark | Luxembourg |
| 3 | Egypt | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| 4 | — | Norway |

## Promotional play-offs

The first-placed teams of each pool played against the second-placed teams of the other pool in head-to-head rounds. The winner of each round advanced to the 2019 Europe/Africa Zone Group I.

### Greece vs. Luxembourg

| Greece 2 | Tatoi Club, Athens, Greece 21 April Clay | Tatoi Club, Athens, Greece 21 April Clay | Luxembourg 1 |
| 1 2 3 1 Valentini Grammatikopoulou Eléonora Molinaro 3 6 6 3 4 6   2 Maria Sakkari Mandy Minella 6 0 6 1     3 Valentini Grammatikopoulou / Maria Sakkari Mandy Minella / Eléonora Molinaro 3 6 6 2 6 4 ||||

### Denmark vs. Israel

| Denmark 2 | Tatoi Club, Athens, Greece 21 April Clay | Tatoi Club, Athens, Greece 21 April Clay | Israel 1 |
| 1 2 3 1 Clara Tauson Vlada Ekshibarova 6 2 6 1     2 Karen Barritza Julia Glushko 6 1 5 7 1 6   3 Emilie Francati / Maria Jespersen Julia Glushko / Lina Glushko 6 3 6 4 ||||

## Relegation play-offs

The third-placed teams of the pools played against each other in a head-to-head round. The loser was relegated to the 2019 Europe/Africa Zone Group III alongside Norway who finished last in Pool B.

### Egypt vs. Bosnia and Herzegovina

| Egypt 1 | Tatoi Club, Athens, Greece 21 April Clay | Tatoi Club, Athens, Greece 21 April Clay | Bosnia and Herzegovina 2 |
| 1 2 3 1 Lamis Alhussein Abdel Aziz Nefisa Berberović 4 6 3 6     2 Sandra Samir Dea Herdželaš 2 0      retired 3 Sandra Samir / Rana Sherif Ahmed Anita Husarić / Jelena Simić 6 3 5 7 2 6 ||||

## Final placements

| Placing | Teams | Teams |
| Promoted/First | Greece | Denmark |
| Third | Luxembourg | Israel |
| Fifth | Bosnia and Herzegovina | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Relegated/Seventh | Egypt | Norway |
* Greece and Denmark were promoted to Europe/Africa Zone Group I in 2019.
* Egypt and Norway were relegated to Europe/Africa Zone Group III in 2019.
# Polar Epsilon

Polar Epsilon is a Canadian Forces project to provide enhanced all-weather day and night surveillance capabilities utilizing imagery from the RADARSAT-2 earth observation satellite. The project includes two new ground stations, one at each coast. Data is primarily used to support military operations, but can also be accessed by other departments or agencies.

## History

The Polar Epsilon project was approved on May 30, 2005. It uses information from RADARSAT-2, launched in December 2007, to produce imagery for Canadian military commanders to use in order to conduct operations in their areas of responsibility. The RADARSAT-2 information is used in many ways, including surveillance of Canada's Arctic region and maritime approaches, the detection of vessels, and support to CF operations globally. The implementation phase of Polar Epsilon began in March 2009 with the design and construction phase of two new RADARSAT-2 ground stations, by MacDonald Dettwiler and Associates (MDA), one on the east coast in Masstown, N.S., and the other on the west coast in Aldergrove, B.C. The ground stations will be wholly owned and operated by the Government of Canada and are expected to be operational by March 2011. Completion of the Polar Epsilon project is expected by late 2011.
The three satellites forming the RADARSAT Constellation launched on June 12, 2019, providing continuity of data for Polar Epsilon.
# Community Sha Tin

Community Sha Tin was a local political group based in Sha Tin formed in 2017 by a group of pro-democracy Sha Tin District Councillors. It was disbanded in 2021 following the change of political atmosphere in Hong Kong.

## History

The group was formed on 14 December 2017 by nine members of the Sha Tin District Council, including former Neo Democrats councillors Yau Man-chun, Billy Chan Shiu-yeung, Chiu Chu-pong and Hui Yui-yu, former Democratic Party's Chan Nok-hang and Ting Tsz-yuen, Labour Party's Yip Wing and two post-Occupy "umbrella soldiers" Lai Tsz-yan and Wong Hok-lai, to consolidate the pro-democratic force in the council.
Amid the intra-party conflicts between Democratic Party Legislative Councillor Lam Cheuk-ting and the members who were both members of the party's New Territories East branch members and Concern Group for Tseung Kwan O People's Livelihood (CGPLTKO), Ting Tsz-yuen, Community Sha Tin's convenor also quit the Democratic Party over the dual-membership allegation.
Community Sha Tin had many candidates overlapping with Democratic Party's candidates in the 2019 District Council elections, including the newly created Di Yee, where Tse Kit-wing and Democratic Party's Liu Qing contested in the same constituency. Due to the clashes, some candidates of the group were not endorsed by Power for Democracy.
Community Sha Tin announced immediate dissolution at Facebook on 25 June 2021. Former vice-counvenor Chiu Chu-pong said it is a tough decision after considering the current political atmosphere. Chiu also mentioned the limitations of achieving community work under the party brand, and hence decided to dissolve the party.

## Performance in elections
### Sha Tin District Council elections

| Election | Number of popular votes | % of popular votes | Total elected seats | +/− |
| 2019 | 25,509 | 8.32 | 5 / 41 | 1 |

## Representatives
### District Councils

The Community Sha Tin held ten seats in Sha Tin District Council (2020–2023) at dissolution:
| District | Constituency | Member |
| Sha Tin | Yue Shing | William Shek |
| Sha Tin | Wong Uk | Lai Tsz-yan |
| Sha Tin | Pok Hong | Chiu Chu-pong |
| Sha Tin | Shui Chuen O | Lo Tak-ming |
| Sha Tin | Chun Fung | Chan Nok-hang |
| Sha Tin | Lower Shing Mun | Ken Wong Ho-fung |
| Sha Tin | Keng Hau | Ng Kam-hung |
| Sha Tin | Tin Sum | Tsang Kit |
| Sha Tin | Chung Tin | Wong Hok-lai |
| Sha Tin | Wu Kai Sha | Li Wing-shing |
# Polyphase quadrature filter

A polyphase quadrature filter, or PQF, is a filter bank which splits an input signal into a given number N (mostly a power of 2) of equidistant sub-bands. A factor of N subsamples these sub-bands, so they are critically sampled. An important application of the polyphase filters (of FIR type) concerns the filtering and decimation of large band (and so high sample rate) input signals, e.g. coming from a high rate ADC, which can not be directly processed by an FPGA or in some case by an ASIC either. Suppose the ADC plus FPGA/ASIC interface implements a demultiplexer of the ADC samples in N internal FPGA/ASIC registers. In that case, the polyphase filter transforms the decimator FIR filter canonic structure in N parallel branches clocked at 1/N of the ADC clock, allowing digital processing when N=Clock(ADC)/Clock(FPGA).
This critical sampling introduces aliasing. Similar to the MDCT time domain alias cancellation the aliasing of polyphase quadrature filters is canceled by neighbouring sub-bands, i.e. signals are typically stored in two sub-bands.
Note that signal in odd subbands is stored frequency inverted.
PQF filters are used in MPEG-1 Audio Layer I and II, Musepack (which was based on MPEG-1 layer II), in MPEG-1 Layer III with an additional MDCT, in MPEG-4 AAC-SSR for the 4 band PQF bank, in MPEG-4 V3 SBR for the analysis of the upper spectral replicated band, and in DTS.
PQF has an advantage over the very similar stacked quadrature mirror filter (QMF). Delay and computational effort are much lower.
A PQF filter bank is constructed using a base filter, which is a low-pass at fs/4N. This lowpass is modulated by N cosine functions and converted to N band-passes with a bandwidth of fs/2N.
The base lowpass is typically a FIR filter with a length of 10*N ... 24*N taps. Note that it is also possible to build PQF filters using recursive IIR filters.

## Computation

There are different formulas possible. Most of them are based on the MDCT but are slightly modified.
# Opentracker

Opentracker is a free (licensed as beerware) BitTorrent peer tracker software (a special kind of HTTP or UDP server software) that is designed to be fast and to have a low consumption of system resources.

## Features

Several instances of opentracker may be run in a cluster, with all of them synchronizing with each other. Besides the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) opentracker may also be connected to via User Datagram Protocol (UDP), which creates less than half of the tracker traffic HTTP creates. It supports IPv6, gzip compression of full scrapes, and blacklists of torrents. Because there have already been cases of people being accused of copyright violation by the fact that their IP address was listed on a BitTorrent tracker, opentracker may mix in random IP address numbers for the purpose of plausible deniability.

## Technology

It runs completely in RAM, accounting for much of its speed advantage over other tracker software. It is written in C and based on the library libowfat that manages network connections. For some new functionality like the UDP support with IPv6 or the syncing of several instances of BitTorrent tracker software, new extensions to the BitTorrent protocol were made.

## Adoption

The world's largest tracker at The Pirate Bay switched from their selfmade software Hypercube to opentracker in the end of 2007.
The Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation uses it to distribute their own TV shows.
Popular public torrent trackers opentrackr and coppersurfer are known to use opentracker.
# Pencak silat at the 2018 Asian Games – Men's tanding 65 kg

The men's tanding 65 kilograms competition at the 2018 Asian Games took place from 23 to 27 August 2018 at Padepokan Pencak Silat, Taman Mini Indonesia Indah, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Pencak silat is traditional Indonesian martial arts. Pencak silat is assessed from a punch, kick, sweep, and dings. The target that must be addressed is the patron in the body of every fighter who competed. Each judge gives an individual score for each competitor. The score given to each boxer would be taken from all 5 judges.
A total of twelve competitors from twelve countries competed in this Class D event, limited to fighters whose body weight was less than 65 kilograms.
Iqbal Candra Pratama from Indonesia won the gold medal after defeating Nguyễn Ngọc Toàn from Vietnam in the gold medal match by the score of 3–2. Jeff Loon from the Philippines and Abdumalik Salimov from Uzbekistan finished third and won the bronze medal after losing in the semifinal.

## Schedule

All times are Western Indonesia Time (UTC+07:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Thursday, 23 August 2018 | 10:30 | Round of 16 |
| Friday, 24 August 2018 | 09:00 | Quarterfinals |
| Sunday, 26 August 2018 | 10:00 | Semifinals |
| Monday, 27 August 2018 | 15:30 | Final |

## Results

| Round of 16 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final |
| | | Nguyễn Ngọc Toàn (VIE) | 5 | | | | |
| Raaziq Rashid (SGP) | 1 | Mino Vongphakdy (LAO) | 0 | | | | |
| Mino Vongphakdy (LAO) | 4 | | | Nguyễn Ngọc Toàn (VIE) | 5 | | |
| | | | | Jeff Loon (PHI) | 0 | | |
| | | Almazbek Zamirov (KGZ) | 0 | | | | |
| Mateus Conceção (TLS) | 0 | Jeff Loon (PHI) | 4 | | | | |
| Jeff Loon (PHI) | 5 | | | | | Nguyễn Ngọc Toàn (VIE) | 1 |
| | | | | | | Iqbal Candra Pratama (INA) | 4 |
| | | Abdumalik Salimov (UZB) | 3 | | | | |
| Mohammad Rahimi (IRI) | 5 | Mohammad Rahimi (IRI) | 0 | | | | |
| B. K. Vivek Kumar (NEP) | 0 | | | Abdumalik Salimov (UZB) | 0 | | |
| | | | | Iqbal Candra Pratama (INA) | 5 | | |
| | | Mohd Zarish Hakim (MAS) | 0 | | | | |
| Pornteb Poolkaew (THA) | 0 | Iqbal Candra Pratama (INA) | 5 | | | | |
| Iqbal Candra Pratama (INA) | 5 | | | | | | |
# Otto II, Count of Chiny

Otto II (1065 – after 1131), Count of Chiny, son of Arnold I, Count of Chiny, and Adélaïs.
He succeeded his father in 1106 and completed the construction of the Abbey of Orval that his father had started in 1070, installing the canons in 1124. The installation of a Cistercian community in Orval in 1131 marked his last appearance in any proceedings.
He married Adelaide (Alix) (1068–1124), daughter of Albert III, Count of Namur and Ida of Saxony (widow of Frederick of Lower Lorraine). Their children were:
* Ida (died before 1125), married to Godfrey I, Count of Leuven
* Oda (died after 1134), married to Giselbert II, Count of Duras
* Hugues, probably died young
* Albert of Chiny (before 1131–1162)
* Frederick, (died after 1124), Provost at Reims from 1120
* Adalbero II of Chiny-Namur (died 26 March 1145), Bishop of Liège, 1135–1145
* Eustache (died after 1156), married to a daughter of Wiger de Waremme, Avoué of Liège Saint-Lambert and Hesbaye. His son Louis de Lumaine was also Avoué of Hesbaye.
Ida (also known as Ida of Namur) and Godfrey I (also known as Godfrey the Bearded, not to be confused with the uncle of his father Henry II, Godfrey) were parents of Adeliza of Louvain, wife of Henry I of England. Oda’s husband Gislebert was son of Otto, Count of Duras and therefore the grandson of Giselbert, the first Count of Looz, whose family would eventually be merged with the Counts of Chiny with the marriage of Otto's great-great granddaughter Jeanne, Countess of Chiny, with Arnold IV of Looz.
After his death, Otto was succeeded as Count of Chiny by his son Albert.
# Primula secundiflora

Primula secundiflora (偏花报春 pian hua bao chun), the second-flowered primrose, is a species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae, native to western China (E Qinghai, W Sichuan, E Xizang, NW Yunnan)., where it inhabits wet places at 3,200–4,800 m (10,500–15,700 ft). It belongs to the Candelabra group of primulas (sect. Proliferae). Growing to 80 cm (31 in) tall, it is a semi-evergreen perennial bearing clusters of nodding deep red flowers at the top of erect stems.
This plant is sometimes cultivated. It prefers neutral or acid soil, and is especially suitable for moist places such as the banks of streams or ponds, in partial shade.
# John Spencer Purvis Bradford

John Spencer Purvis Bradford SA, RAI (28 August 1918 - 12 August 1975) was an archaeologist and a pioneer in landscape archaeology and the use of aerial photography.
He was born in Ealing and studied at Christ Church, Oxford University. During the Second World War he was stationed at San Severo, Italy as part of the Mediterranean Allied Photographic Reconnaissance Wing, starting in January 1943 where he analysed photographs taken by the RAF. In 1947, he was appointed University Demonstrator and Lecturer in Ethnology at the Pitt Rivers Museum. He worked in various projects in Italy, Greece and Cyprus that revolved around aerial photography and land surveys.

## Publications

* Fieldwork on aerial discoveries in Attica and Rhodes. Part I. The town plan of Classical Rhodes. (1956)
* Fieldwork on aerial discoveries in Attica and Rhodes. Part II. Ancient field systems on Mt. Hymettos, near Athens (1956)
* Ancient landscapes: studies in field archaeology. London: G. Bell and Sons (1957)
# Pęzinka

Pęzinka is a river of Poland, a tributary of the Krępiel in Pęzino.
* This article related to a river in Poland is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Paszkowski

Paszkowski (feminine Paszkowska) is a Polish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Cezary Paszkowski (born 1948), Polish artist
* Walter Paszkowski (born 1934), Canadian politician
# Police Qaumi Razakars

Police Qaumi Razakars or Razakar (plu: Razakars) (Arabic for volunteer) is a volunteer police force in Punjab province, Pakistan. Its duties include helping with the maintenance of law and order, by helping the police maintaining public security and natural calamities as may be prescribed.
There are currently 24,613 razakars with the Punjab police and their annual budget under TA head is Rs350 million and under uniform head Rs170m.
The force has been disband in Rawalpindi and several others districts over the complaints of corruption and misconduct of volunteers using the uniform to extort bribes and committing crimes like mobile and purse snatching.
# List of municipalities of the Province of Ferrara

The following is a list of the 23 municipalities (comuni) of the Province of Ferrara, Emilia-Romagna, Italy.

## List

| ISTAT Code | Comune | Population (2005) |
| 038001 | Argenta | 21,971 |
| 038002 | Berra | 5,696 |
| 038003 | Bondeno | 15,579 |
| 038004 | Cento | 31,475 |
| 038005 | Codigoro | 12,883 |
| 038006 | Comacchio | 22,385 |
| 038007 | Copparo | 17,859 |
| 038008 | Ferrara | 131,907 |
| 038027 | Fiscaglia | 6,030 |
| 038009 | Formignana | 2,898 |
| 038010 | Jolanda di Savoia | 3,298 |
| 038011 | Lagosanto | 4,480 |
| 038012 | Masi Torello | 2,355 |
| 038014 | Mesola | 7,331 |
| 038017 | Ostellato | 6,762 |
| 038018 | Poggio Renatico | 8,077 |
| 038019 | Portomaggiore | 12,158 |
| 038020 | Ro | 3,663 |
| 038022 | Vigarano Mainarda | 6,707 |
| 038023 | Voghiera | 3,924 |
| 038024 | Tresigallo | 4,709 |
| 038025 | Goro | 4,058 |
| 038028 | Terre del Reno | 10,041 |
| | Total | 349,774 |
# Pedoeothrips

Pedoeothrips is a genus of thrips in the family Phlaeothripidae.

## Species

* Pedoeothrips nigritus
# Openvape

Openvape (stylized as O.penVAPE) is a manufacturer and distributor of personal vaporizer devices which make use of herbal extract oil-filled cartridges. Founded in 2012, the company is headquarter in Denver, Colorado, and sells products at many retail locations across a distribution network of licensed affiliates in the United States, Jamaica, Czech Republic, France, Netherlands, United Kingdom, Canada, Poland, Ireland, Scotland and South Africa.
O.penVAPE licenses its intellectual property to eleven distribution partners in ten states and Jamaica. Licensees employ O.penVAPE's Organa Labs technology and proprietary processes to manufacture cannabis oil using supercritical CO$_2$ extraction.

## History

O.penVAPE's premium line of Craft RESERVE cartridges won the first place prize for Best Vape Pen Cartridge in the High Times 2016 Colorado Cannabis Cup competition.
In Europe, O.penVAPE branded products, with the exception of Organa Labs cannabis line, are available in the Czech Republic, France, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom.
O.penVAPE is a founding member of the National Cannabis Industry Association.
The Denver Department of Environmental Health appointed Ralph Morgan, CEO of O.penVAPE, to serve on its Cannabis Sustainability Work Group, in December 2015, to determine best practices and develop other educational resources for the industry.
In May 2016, the company submitted a bid to assume the naming rights of the Denver Broncos' stadium after Sports Authority declared bankruptcy.
# Prince Takechi

Prince Takechi (高市皇子, Takechi no miko, Takechi no ōji, c. 654 – 13 August 696) was a member of the royal family in Japan during the Asuka period. He was the eldest son of Emperor Tenmu. He fought on the side of his father in the Jinshin War (672), a battle of succession, which resulted in his father becoming Emperor. At the age of 19, he was dispatched by his father to the battle front in what is now Fuwa District, Mino Province (now the southern part of Gifu Prefecture) as vanguard and general commander. In 679, while in Yoshino with his father, he swore to an oath of cooperation with his siblings. When Empress Jitō ascended to the throne in 686 he became the Daijō-daijin and handled government affairs. He died suddenly in 696, thought by some to be an assassination.
He loved Princess Tōchi (his elder half-sister, Prince Ōtomo's wife). He left only three waka poems during his whole life, but they were all poetry offered to her.

## Family

Parents
* Father: Emperor Tenmu (天武天皇, c. 631 – 1 October 686)
* Mother: Munakata no Amako-no-iratsume (胸形尼子娘), unakata-no-Kimi Tokuzen's daughter
Consorts and issues
* Consort (Hi): Princess Minabe (御名部皇女), Emperor Tenji's daughter and Empress Genmei's full-sister
** First Son: Prince Nagaya (長屋王 , 684 – 20 March 729)
** Second Son: Prince Suzuka (鈴鹿王, d. 3 October 745)
* Consort (Hi): Princess Tajima (但馬皇女), Emperor Tenmu's daughter and Prince Takechi's half-sister
* Unknown mother
** Third Son: Prince Kadobe (門部王)
** First Daughter: Princess Yamagata (山形女王, d. 5 October 745)
** Second Daughter: Princess Kawachi (河内女王, d. 5 February 780)
** Third Daughter: Princess Hinokuma (檜前女王)
# Provincial temple

Kokubun-ji (国分寺) were Buddhist temples established in each of the provinces of Japan by Emperor Shōmu during the Nara period (710 – 794).

## History

Shōmu (701 – 756?) decreed both a kokubun-ji for monks and a kokubunni-ji (国分尼寺) for nuns to be established in each province. Tōdai-ji, the provincial temple of Yamato Province, served as the head of all kokubun-ji, and Hokke-ji held that duty for the kokubunni-ji.

## Modern place names

Modern place names based on this etymology include:
* Kokubunji, Kagawa
* Kokubunji, Tokyo
* Kokubunji, Tochigi
# Red roof

Red roof may refer to:
* Red Roof Inn, a motel chain
* Red roofs, a short film in the Israeli pastiche Yellow Asphalt
* "Red Roof", corporate headquarters of the American company Wawa
# Velagalapalem

Velagalapalem is a village in Rajavommangi Mandal, Alluri Sitharama Raju district in the state of Andhra Pradesh in India.

## Geography

Velagalapalem is located at 17°26′12″N 82°07′02″E﻿ / ﻿17.4368°N 82.1172°E﻿ / 17.4368; 82.1172.

## Demographics

As of 2011 India census, Velagalapalem had a population of 594, out of which 294 were male and 300 were female. The population of children below 6 years of age was 9%. The literacy rate of the village was 52%.
# Pookkalai Parikkatheergal

Pookkalai Parikkatheergal (transl. Don't pluck the flowers) is a 1986 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by V. Azhagappan. The film stars Suresh and Nadhiya, with Rajeev and Vinu Chakravarthy in supporting roles, with music composed by T. Rajendar. It was released on 29 May 1986.

## Cast

* Suresh
* Nadhiya
* Vinu Chakravarthy
* Rajeev
* V. K. Ramasamy
* S. S. Chandran
* Senthil
* Manorama
* Ganesh (cameo appearance in song "Pookkala Than")

## Production

Pookkalai Parikkathirgal is the first film produced by Mohan Natarajan. The dialogues for the film were written by lyricist Ponniyin Selvan who was credited as Es. N. Ravi. Anuja Reddy was offered to act in the film but declined. The film was shot in Ooty, Munnar and Kodaikanal.

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack was composed by T. Rajendar who also wrote the lyrics. The song "Kadhal Oorvalam" is set to the raga Jog. The songs "Pookalai Than", "Maalai Ennai" and "Ammadi Chinna" attained popularity.

## Reception

The film was released alongside Kamal Haasan starrer Vikram and ran for 100 days. Jayamanmadhan of Kalki praised the performances of cast, Rajendar's music and Dayalan's cinematography and concluded that the film's director Azhagappan skilfully weaves together tasteful incidents, without slackening till the end. The film was a success, and Rajender won the Cinema Express Award for Best Music Director; while the announcement of the winners for the 7th Cinema Express Awards mentioned his winning was for this film and Mythili Ennai Kaathali, during the presentation only the latter film was mentioned.