OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Cohors I Ulpia Dacorum

Cohors prima Ulpia Dacorum ("1st Ulpian cohort of Dacians") was an infantry regiment of the Auxilia corps of the Imperial Roman army. It was founded by the Roman emperor Trajan (r. 98–117), probably in preparation for his planned war against Parthia (113-6). The regiment's honorific title Ulpia refers to the emperor's gens, or clan-name (Marcus Ulpius Traianus).
During the Principate era (to AD 284), the regiment is attested (as such) in a single record, a Roman military diploma dated 156/7, which shows that the unit was at this time based in the Roman province of Syria: most likely, it had remained in the East after the end of the Parthian War.
The regiment's original recruits were probably mainly ethnic Moesians and Dacians from the recently conquered province of Dacia. The cohort consisted of 480 infantrymen, divided into 6 centuriae of 80 men each.
Two other auxiliary units attested in the epigraphic record, the cohorts II Aurelia Dacorum and III Aurelia Dacorum have been linked to I Ulpia Dacorum by some scholars. As their title implies, these units were established by the emperor Marcus Aurelius (r. 161–180), and it has been suggested that I Ulpia Dacorum was merged into one or both of these.
However, this theory is contradicted by the Notitia Dignitatum, a late Roman list of administrative and military commands, compiled in ca. AD 395. This document lists a regiment of this name as stationed in Syria, under the command of the Dux Syriae, at Fort Claudiana, an unidentified location. It is possible, however, that the Notitia contains data obsolete at the time of writing, and lists many units that had long since ceased to exist.
# Valle Gesso

Valle Gesso is a valley in the Maritime Alps (south-western Alps), located in the Italian province of Cuneo and crossed by the Gesso torrent.
The language spoken by the inhabitants belongs to the Occitan language family.

## Geography

The valley is home to the highest peaks in the range, those of Monte Argentera (3,297 m). Its territory is divided between the municipalities of Entracque, Roaschia, Valdieri and Roccavione. Nearby valleys include the Valle Vermenagna, the Tinée valley in France and the Valle Stura di Demonte. After Valdieri, the valleys divided into two sub-valleys known as Valle Gesso di Entracque and Valle Gesso della Valletta.

## History

Historically, the valley was inhabited by the Ligures, who were defeated by the Romans in 14 BC. After the fall of the Roman empire, around 600, the Benedictines founded here the Abbey of Pedona, which controlled the valley until emperor Louis I gave it to the bishops of Asti in 901. In the 13th century, after a short period under the Marquisate of Saluzzo, it was acquired by the Angevines, who had created a county in Piedmont with Cuneo as its capital.
After the 14th century it became a fief of the Duchy of Savoy, to which it belonged until the 19th century, aside from a short French rule after the French Revolutionary Wars. The Savoy family created here a resort and a personal hunting reserve, which later became the Maritime Alps Natural Park. As a part of the Kingdom of Italy from 1861, the valley remained economically based on animal husbandry and agriculture; after World War II the presence of hydro-electric plant favored the creation of industries (especially cement plants), while tourist became increasingly relevant starting from the 1980s.
# Valle Grande, Argentina

Valle Grande is a village and the capital of the eponymous Valle Grande Department of Jujuy Province, Argentina.
# Valdres Upper Secondary School

Valdres Upper Secondary School (Valdres videregåande skule) is a high school in Leira, just south of the town of Fagernes in Nord-Aurdal Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The school is the primary high school for the vast majority of students in the greater Valdres area, and offers a relatively broad range of subjects. The school is run by the Innlandet County Municipality.
Since distances in the area are quite big, many students live in small apartments closer to the school (e.g. students from the areas farthest away may take up to an hour of travel every day by bus just to get to school).
Prior to 2001 split in two campuses, one in Leira and another at Fagernes, but a new building and heavy investment from the municipality enlarged the Leira campus so that everyone could be at one school.
At the time of writing, the principal is Kari Elisabeth Rustad, and the student count is generally around 500.
# Coledale (Cumbria)

Coledale is a valley in the northwestern region of the Lake District in Cumbria, England.

## Geography

Coledale is a narrow U-shaped valley running approximately north-east towards the Derwent Valley floodplain and the village of Braithwaite at the northeastern end. The valley river Coledale Beck feeds into Newlands Beck and is fed by small streams from the valley sides and head, including Birkthwaite Beck, and Pudding Force.
At the head of the valley a large rock formation is found named Force Crag, which forms a waterfall 'Low Force' as Pudding Beck passes over it.
The valley is ringed by peaks popular with tourists (Grisedale Pike, Hopegill Head, Coledale Hause, Crag Hill (formerly Eel Crag), Sail, Sail Pass, and Outerside) forming a horseshoe ridge walk known as Coledale horseshoe or 'Coledale round'.

## Force Crag Mine

Coledale's most notable feature is Force Crag Mine; the buildings, spoil heap and associated structures of which are practically the only sign of human influence in the upper valley.
Mineral workings may date back to 1578 in the valley Significant workings did not begin until the 1800s with lead and silver being mined until 1865, ending with a drop in the price of lead rendering it uneconomic. Later Barytes was mined, with 5300 tons of ore being produced up to 1879 when again market forces led to production ending. The mine was worked on and off with various changes in operation, and under different owners, with lead, barium and zinc ores being extracted. In 1990 a collapse in the mine led to it being closed, and ownership passed to the National Trust.
There were two workings of the mine, the low and high, and as of 2015 the mill of the mine still stood. The building is a scheduled monument and the mine is a site of special scientific interest. The buildings can now be visited by appointment through the National Trust.
As well as an aerial ropeway for transporting ore to the mill built in the late 1930s, the mine also operated a small narrow gauge railway in the mine, utilising diesel and battery powered locomotives, one of which (Wingrove & Rogers Battery loco) is now at the Springfield Agricultural Railway, three 2 ft (0.61 m) gauge wagons from the mine are to be found at the Moseley museum in Redruth, Cornwall.
# Kitaura

Kitaura may refer to:
* Lake Kitaura, a lake in Japan
* Kitaura, Ibaraki, a former town in Namegata District, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan
* Kitaura, Miyazaki, a former town in Higashiusuki District, Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan
* Kitaura Station (disambiguation), multiple railway stations in Japan

## People with the surname

* Toshihai Kitaura (北浦 俊治, born 1952), Japanese rower
# Kitatsugaru District, Aomori

Kitatsugaru District (北津軽郡, Kitatsugaru-gun) is a rural district located in Aomori Prefecture, Japan.
As of September 2013, the district had an estimated population of 40,171 and an area of 304.54 km$^2$. Much the city of Goshogawara and part of the city of Aomori was formerly part of Kitatsugaru District. In terms of national politics, the district is represented in the Diet of Japan's House of Representatives as a part of the Aomori 3rd district.

## Towns and villages

* Itayanagi
* Nakadomari
* Tsuruta

## History

The area of Kitatsugaru District was formerly part of Mutsu Province. At the time of the Meiji restoration of 1868, the area consisted of 159 villages, all under the control of Hirosaki Domain. Aomori Prefecture was founded on December 13, 1871, and Kitatsugaru District was carved out for former Tsugaru District on October 30, 1878.
With the establishment of the municipality system on April 1, 1889, Kitatsugaru District, organized into 23 villages, was established.
* 1898 - Goshogawara was elevated to city status.
* 1920 – Kanagi and Itayanagi were elevated to town status.
* 1941 – Nakasato and Tsuruta were elevated to town status
* On March 28, 2005 the town of Kanagi and the village of Shiura merged into the city of Goshogawara.
* On March 28, 2005 the town of Nakasato and the village of Kodomari merged to form the new town of Nakadomari.
# Cold Song

Cold Song may refer to:
* "What Power Art Thou?", informally also known as "The Cold Song", an aria from the 17th-century opera King Arthur
* "The Cold Song", a track from the 1981 Klaus Nomi album Klaus Nomi based on the aria
* "Cold Song", a track from the 1995 Jewel album Pieces of You
* "Cold Song", a 1996 single by German house music project Whirlpool Productions
* "Cold Song", a 2013 single by Arielle Dombasle
* "Cold Song", a track from the 2018 Good Charlotte album Generation Rx and its early working title
* "Cold Song", a track from the 2021 Susumu Hirasawa album Beacon
* The Cold Song, a 2011 novel by Linn Ullmann
# Cold Spring, New Jersey

Cold Spring is an unincorporated community in Lower Township, Cape May County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey.

## History

A post office was established in 1809, with Aaron Eldredge as the first postmaster.
There are several historic properties in the area. The Cold Spring Presbyterian Church, also known as the "Old Brick", is a historic church listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. The George Hildreth House was listed on the NRHP in 1999.
The Historic Cold Spring Village is an open-air museum containing several NRHP listed buildings. The Cold Spring Grange Hall, listed in 1998, serves as the entrance to the village.

## Education

As with other parts of Lower Township it is covered by Lower Township School District for elementary grades and Lower Cape May Regional School District for secondary grades.
Three of the Lower Township elementary district facilities are in Cold Spring:
* Carl T. Mitnick Elementary School (grades 1-2) - This facility houses the district administration. The school was named after Carl T. Mitnick, who donated land to the township. He developed Tranquility Park and did development in North Cape May.
* Maud Abrams Elementary School (grades 3-4)
* Sandman Consolidated School (grades 5-6)
David Douglass School (pre-kindergarten and kindergarten) is in Villas CDP. The LCMR schools (Richard Teitelman Middle and Lower Cape May Regional High School) are in the Erma area.
Students are also eligible to attend Cape May County Technical High School in Cape May Court House, which serves students from the entire county in its comprehensive and vocational programs, which are offered without charge to students who are county residents. Special needs students may be referred to Cape May County Special Services School District in Cape May Court House.
In the mid-20th century there was a separate Cold Spring Elementary School. It enrolled students of all races as there was no dedicated school for black children in proximity.

## Notable people

* T. Millet Hand (1902-1956), politician
# Van Riemsdijk

van Riemsdijk (also spelled van Riemsdyk) is a surname, literally "of belt dike". Notable people with the surname include:

## van Riemsdijk

* Herman Claudius van Riemsdijk (born 1948), Brazilian chess player
* Jeremias van Riemsdijk (1712–1777), Dutch noble and Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies
* John Van Riemsdijk (1924-2008), an Anglo-Dutch curator of the Science Museum, London and model engineer.
* Henk van Riemsdijk (1911-2005), Dutch CEO of Philips.

## van Riemsdyk

* James van Riemsdyk (born 1989), American professional ice hockey forward for the Columbus Blue Jackets.
* Trevor van Riemsdyk (born 1991), American professional ice hockey defenseman for the Washington Capitals.
# List of football clubs in Martinique

* Aiglon du Lamentin (Le Lamentin)
* Anses d'Arlet
* Case-Pilote
* Colonial (Fort-de-France)
* Diamantinoise (Le Diamant)
* Emulation (Schœlcher)
* Essor-Préchotain (Le Prêcheur)
* Etoile (Basse-Pointe) (newly promoted)
* Franciscain (Le François)
* La Gauloise de Trinité
* Golden Lion
* Golden Star (Fort-de-France)
* New Club (Petit-Bourg)
* Rapid Club Lorrain (newly promoted)
* Réveil-Sportif (Gros-Morne)
* Rivière-Pilote
* Robert
* Saint-Joseph
* Samaritaine (Ste.-Marie) (newly promoted)
* Stade Spiritain
* Vert-Pré
# Kirnapur Assembly constituency

Kirnapur is a former constituency of the Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly, in Madhya Pradesh state in central India. It was in existence from 1962 to 2008. It was one of the 8 Assembly constituencies located in Balaghat district.
Pushpalata Likhiram Kavre of the Indian National Congress party was the last MLA of this constituency from 2003-2008.

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

| Year | Member | Party |
| 1962 | Moriram Odgu | Indian National Congress |
| 1967 | J. Singh | Indian National Congress |
| 1972 | Jhankarsingh Chandanlal | Indian National Congress |
| 1977 | Jhankarsingh Chandanlal | Indian National Congress |
| 1980 | Bhuwanlal Girmaji | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 1985 | Bhuwanlal Girmaji | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 1990 | Likhiram Kaware | Indian National Congress |
| 1993 | Likhiram Kaware | Indian National Congress |
| 1998 | Likhiram Kaware | Indian National Congress |
| 2003 | Pushpalata Likhiram Kavre | Indian National Congress |

## Election results
### 2003

2003 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election: Kirnapur :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | INC | Pushpalata Likhiram Kavre | 25,934 | 28.44 |
| | BJP | Lata | 18,275 | 20.04 |
| | Independent | Dileep | 12,282 | 13.47% |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 7,659 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 91,235 | |
| | INC hold | INC hold | Swing | |
# Kirnapur tehsil

Kirnapur tehsil is a fourth-order administrative and revenue division, a subdivision of third-order administrative and revenue division of Balaghat district of Madhya Pradesh.

## Geography

Kirnapur tehsil has an area of 709.49 sq kilometers. It is bounded by Balaghat tehsil in the northwest, Paraswada tehsil in the north, Baihar tehsil in the northeast and east, Lanji tehsil in the southeast, Maharashtra in the south and southwest and Waraseoni tehsil in the west.
# Pavillon des Sports Modibo Keita

Pavillon des sports Modibo Keita is an indoor sporting arena located in Bamako, Mali. The stadium hosted the finals of the 2009 Mali Handball Cup on August 11, 2009. The event was attended by Amadou Toumani Touré, President of the Republic of Mali. The stadium was built in 1960 and renovated in 2011 ahead of the 2011 Women's African Basketball Championship. In 2008, it was reported that the arena has been declining due to lack of maintenance.
The venue is named after Modibo Keïta, the first President of Mali.
# Minuscule 363

Minuscule 363 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 455 (Soden), is a Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament, on parchment. Paleographically it has been assigned to the 14th century. It was adapted for liturgical use.

## Description

The codex contains the text of the New Testament except Book of Revelation on 306 parchment leaves (21 cm by 14.3 cm) with a catena. It is written in one column per page, in 32 lines per page.
It contains tables of the κεφαλαια (tables of contents) before each book (with a harmony), lectionary markings at the margin (for liturgical use), αναγνωσεις (lessons), subscriptions at the end of each book, numbers of στιχοι, and Euthalian Apparatus (in the Pauline and Catholic epistles).
The order of books: Gospels, Acts, Pauline epistles, Catholic epistles.

## Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine text-type. Hermann von Soden assigned it to the textual family K$^r$. Aland did not place it to any of Categories. According to the Claremont Profile Method it represents textual family K$^r$ in Luke 1, Luke 10, and Luke 20. It also creates the textual pair with minuscule 290.
The Pericope Adulterae (John 7:53-8:11) is marked by an obelus.

## History

The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Scholz (1794–1852). It was examined by Bandini, Scholz, Burgon, and Gregory (1886).
The manuscript is currently housed at the Biblioteca Laurentiana (Plutei VI. 13) in Florence.
# Çayır, Bartın

Çayır is a village in the Bartın District, Bartın Province, Turkey. Its population is 321 (2021).
# Narasimhanaickenpalayam

Narasimhanaickenpalayam is a part of Coimbatore city. It is about 14 km from Coimbatore city junction in the northern direction. Narasimhanaickenpalayam is on the stretch of National Highway NH 67 Extn (NH-181) Mettupalayam Road, one of the arterial roads of Coimbatore city. Neighbouring places are Thudiyalur, NGGO Colony, and Periyanaickenpalayam

## Demographics

As of 2001 Indian census, Narasimhanaickenpalayam had a population of 17,858. Males constituted 51% of the population and females 49%. It had an average literacy rate of 78%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 83%, and female literacy is 73%. In Narasimhanaickenpalayam, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.
As of 2011 Indian census, Narasimhanaickenpalayam had 17,858 people in 5023 households. Males and females constituted 50% of the population; the average literacy rate was 81%: male literacy was 85%, and female literacy was 77%.

## Geography

It is in the foothills of Kurudi Hills, Western Ghats. Narasimhanaickenpalayam is named after Lord Narsimha (Lord Vishnu); a temple is in Narasimhanaickenpalayam.

## Transport
### Road

The main bus stand is Narasimhanaickenpalayam Busstand. 24-hour bus facility is available from Coimbatore Municipal Central Bus Stand, Thudiyalur and also from ooty, Mettupalayam.

### Train

There was a railway station in Narasimhanaickenpalayam. It was closed by the railway authorities even though people protested. Now there are local electric trains running four times a day between Coimbatore Junction and Mettupalayam, but they do not stop at Narasimhanaickenpalayam because there is no infrastructure for the needs of passengers. The town panchayat allotted land for constructing a railway station and work is underway.

## Residential locations

* Angalamman Nagar
* Union Road 3rd Street
* Jothi Colony
* Kumaran Nagar
* Sri Kumaran Nagar
* Sri Lakshmi Nagar
* Thoppampatti
* Rakkipalayam
* Sri Balaji Nagar (Rakkipalayam)
* Vetrilaikalipalayam
* Kumarapuram
* Applupalayam
* Sakthi Nagar
* Bombay Nagar (Sri Ram Nagar)
* Poochiur
* Pudhupalayam
* Pudhupalayam (West street)
* Pudhupalayam (Surya Nagar)
* Balaji Nagar (Narasimhanaickenpalayam)
* Rajendra Nagar
* Surya Nagar
* Vignespuram
* Teachers Colony
* Padmalaya Nagar
* Lakshmi Nagar
* Dhanalakshmi Nagar
* N R S Nagar
* C.V.Gopal Nagar
* Anna Nagar
* Muthu Nagar
* P&T Colony
* Angalammanpuram
* Srinivasa Nagar
* Union road 1, 2 (North)
* Union road (West)
* Tank street
* MRG nagar
* Old Narasimhanaickenpalayam
* Krishnammal Nagar
* Venkatasalapathy layout
* Bhagavan Gardens Phase-3 and Phase-4
* Thendral nagar
* Ramasamy Nagar
* Akkaya naidu street (Sowndamman veedhi)
* Angannan Street

## Utilities

It has healthcare centers, shopping centers, restaurants, hotels, banks and a post office.
# Phytotriades

Phytotriades is a genus of tree frogs in the family Hylidae. As currently delimited, the genus is monotypic and contains Phytotriades auratus, commonly known as the golden tree frog, bromeliad-dwelling treefrog, El Tucuche golden tree frog, or Trinidad heart-tongued frog.

## Taxonomy

Phytotriades was separated from the genus Phyllodytes based primarily on genetic evidence; this also solved the unusual, disjunct distribution of the genus (the remaining Phyllodytes are endemic to eastern Brazil). Nevertheless, the contents of the genus remain to be elucidated. Earlier on, also Phyllodytes wuchereri was included in the "Phyllodytes auratus group", but the position of this species has not been addressed. At the moment, it is not clear which Phyllodytes species might eventually end up in this genus.
AmphibiaWeb continues to include Phytotriades auratus in Phyllodytes.

## Distribution

Phytotriades auratus is known from the summits of El Cerro del Aripo and El Tucuche, the two highest peaks in Trinidad, as well as from Cerro Humo on the Paria Peninsula, Venezuela, on the adjacent mainland. There is circumstantial evidence suggesting that the species might also occur (or have occurred) on the Isla Margarita.

## Description

Males grow to 29 mm (1.1 in) and females to 35 mm (1.4 in) in snout–vent length. They have serrated teeth and sharp "fangs", larger in males than in females, on their mandibles. The dorsum is chocolate brown in colour and has two iridescent, golden yellow stripes.
Males are territorial and can use their fangs in combat. Males are not known to call (this feature separates Phytotriades from Phyllodytes). Fecundity is probably low, with maximally 5–6 tadpoles found in a single bromeliad tank. The tadpoles hatch at a length of 14 mm (0.55 in) and grow to 40 mm (1.6 in).

## Habitat and conservation

On Trinidad, the species occurs in montane rainforest and elfin woodland at around 940 m (3,080 ft) above sea level. On Cerro Humo, the species was found in the elfin forest near the summit of the mountain (1,250 m (4,100 ft)). Phytotriades auratus is closely associated with the giant bromeliad Glomeropitcairnia erectiflora; also the tadpoles develop in these bromeliads.
Trinidadian populations are threatened by the collection of bromeliads and collecting of specimens. The Northern Range Game Sanctuary (also known as the El Tucuche Reserve) provides some protection to one of the populations. On Cerro Humo, a part of the habitat falls within the Península de Paria National Park, although enforcement remains limited. Clearance for slash-and-burn plots threatens the potential habitat of the species on the slopes of the mountain. The species appears to be specialized for life in high humidity relatively cool tropical montane forests on isolated mountain crests and peaks. With the threat of global climate change, and specifically warming, temperatures are expected to rise even in mountainous regions. This seems likely to result in the uphill retreat of cool-adapted tropical montane forests and the shrinking of the already small range of this frog.
# Naiadites

Naiadites is an extinct genus of thin-shelled non-marine bivalve from the Upper Carboniferous coal-measures of Nova Scotia in Canada.

## Species

The genus contains the following species:
* Naiadites carbonarius from the Pennsylvanian (Upper Carboniferous) of Nova Scotia in Canada
* Naiadites orhallensis from the Carboniferous of Germany
* Naiadites phillipsi from the Westphalian B–C (Lower–Middle Pennsylvanian) of the Ruhr area in western Germany
* Naiadites devonicus from the Late Devonian of South Africa
N. orhallensis has been described as occurring in dense colonies attached to floating or submerged stems of terrestrial plant wrack.
Naiadites devonicus, known only from the Waterloo Farm lagerstätte deposit, constitutes the dominant preserved aquatic invertebrate therein, with hundreds of valves having been collected, generally ranging between 10 and 25 mm in length. The palaeoenvironment has been interpreted as being a fresh to brackish water habitat within the palaeoantarctic circle. As this is the earliest known Naiadites, Scholtz and Gess have suggested that it may have spread to lower latitudes following the End Devonian Mass Extinction in response to global cooling, suggesting an origin for post extinction taxa appearing at low palaeolatitudes during the early Carboniferous. Gess and Whitfield have suggested that N. devonicus lived attached to the abundant submerged and floating vegetation at Waterloo Farm. Probably concentrated where river(s) entered the estuarine lake carrying suspended particulate organic matter they were likely rafted on floating vegetation into more saline portions of the system and would have provided an important food source for predatory fishes.