OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Rawling

Rawling is a British surname that may refer to
* Brian Rawling, British record producer and songwriter
* Cecil Rawling (1870–1917), British soldier, explorer and author
* John Rawling, British boxing, athletics, darts and yachting commentator
* Monica Rawling, a fictional character from the FX television show The Shield
* Tom Rawling (1916–1996), British teacher and poet
* Benjamin (Benji) Rawling (2008-), School child and aspiring doctor
# Personal Clothing System

Personal Clothing System is the name of the current combat uniform of the British Armed Forces. This comes in Multi-Terrain Pattern camouflage and gradually replaced the CS95/DPM uniform.

## Royal Navy Personal Clothing System (RNPCS)

The PCS No. 4 uniform worn by the Royal Navy, in plain navy blue, was unveiled in March 2015.
# List of flag bearers for Yugoslavia at the Olympics

This is a list of flag bearers who have represented Yugoslavia at the Olympics.
Flag bearers carry the national flag of their country at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games.
| # | Event year | Season | Flag bearer | Sport |
| 1 | 1924 | Winter | Dušan Zinaja | Cross-country skiing |
| 2 | 1924 | Summer | Stanko Perpar | Athletics |
| 3 | 1928 | Winter | | |
| 4 | 1928 | Summer | Dimitrije Stefanović | Athletics |
| 5 | 1932 | Summer | Veljko Narančić | Athletics |
| 6 | 1936 | Winter | | |
| 7 | 1936 | Summer | Milan Stepišnik | Athletics |
| 8 | 1948 | Winter | | |
| 9 | 1948 | Summer | Božo Grkinić | Water polo |
| 10 | 1952 | Winter | | |
| 11 | 1952 | Summer | Oto Rebula | Athletics |
| 12 | 1956 | Winter | | |
| 13 | 1956 | Summer | Zdravko-Ćiro Kovačić | Water polo |
| 14 | 1960 | Summer | Radovan Radović | Basketball |
| 15 | 1964 | Winter | | |
| 16 | 1964 | Summer | Miroslav Cerar | Gymnastics |
| 17 | 1968 | Winter | | |
| 18 | 1968 | Summer | Branislav Simić | Wrestling |
| 19 | 1972 | Winter | Viktor Ravnik | Ice hockey |
| 20 | 1972 | Summer | Mirko Sandić | Water polo |
| 21 | 1976 | Winter | | |
| 22 | 1976 | Summer | Hrvoje Horvat | Handball |
| 23 | 1980 | Winter | Bojan Križaj | Alpine skiing |
| 24 | 1980 | Summer | Matija Ljubek | Canoeing |
| 25 | 1984 | Winter | Jure Franko | Alpine skiing |
| 26 | 1984 | Summer | Dražen Dalipagić | Basketball |
| 27 | 1988 | Winter | Bojan Križaj | Alpine skiing |
| 28 | 1988 | Summer | Matija Ljubek | Canoeing |
| 29 | 1992 | Winter | | |
# Pseudobolodon

Pseudobolodon was a relatively early member of the also extinct order of mammals, Multituberculata. It lived in Portugal during the Upper Jurassic, part of the "age of the dinosaurs." It lies within the suborder "Plagiaulacida" and family Paulchoffatiidae.
The genus Pseudobolodon ("false Bolodon") was named by Hahn G. in 1977 based on two species. A third one-time species, P. robustus (Hahn, 1978), seems to have transformed into Meketibolodon robustus (Hahn G. 1978).
The species Pseudobolodon krebsi was named by Hahn G. & Hahn R. in 1994. Fossil remains consisting of two upper jaws have been found in the Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic)-age strata of Guimarota, Portugal. As for the septomaxilla mentioned in the title of the reference: "A small, triangular bone is placed between the premaxilla and the maxilla; this bone is interpreted as a septomaxilla. This is a bone that is typical for lower tetrapods (amphibians, reptiles), but is usually absent in mammals", (Hahn & Hahn 2000, p. 98). The premaxilla is the front bit of your upper jaw, while the maxilla is the side of it. Like other existing mammals, humans don't have this septomaxilla.
The species Pseudobolodon oreas was named by Hahn G. in 1977. Remains consisting of seven upper jaws have been found in Kimmeridgian (Upper Jurassic)-age strata of Guimarota, Portugal.
# Rhodotorulic acid

Rhodotorulic acid is the smallest of the 2,5-diketopiperazine family of hydroxamate siderophores which are high-affinity chelating agents for ferric iron, produced by bacterial and fungal phytopathogens for scavenging iron from the environment. It is a tetradentate ligand, meaning it binds one iron atom in four locations (two hydroxamate and two lactam moieties), and forms Fe$_2$(siderophore)$_3$ complexes to fulfill an octahedral coordination for iron.
Rhodotorulic acid occurs in basidiomycetous yeasts and was found to retard the spore germination of the fungus Botrytis cinerea. In combination with yeast Rhodotorula glutinis it was found to be effective in the biocontrol of iprodione-resistant B. cinerea of apple wounds caused by the disease.
# Helen de Hoop

Helen de Hoop (born 1964) is a Dutch linguist and Professor of Theoretical Linguistics at Radboud University Nijmegen. She is known for her works on the relationship between the form and interpretation of language.

## Education and career

de Hoop has an M.A. (1987) and a Ph.D. (1992) from the University of Groningen. As of 2022 her dissertation has been cited over 840 times. She did postdoctoral work at the Utrecht University from 1997 until 2000. In 2001 she joined Radboud University Nijmegen where she was promoted to professor in 2007. de Hoop has been editor at the Journal of Linguistics since 2015.

## Selected publications

de Hoop has over 150 publications with an h-index of 32.
* Hendriks, Petra; de Hoop, Helen (2001). "Optimality Theoretic Semantics". Linguistics and Philosophy. 24 (1): 1–32. doi:10.1023/A:1005607111810. hdl:2066/104537. S2CID 61042428.
* de Hoop, Helen; Malchukov, Andrej L. (2008-10-01). "Case-Marking Strategies". Linguistic Inquiry. 39 (4): 565–587. doi:10.1162/ling.2008.39.4.565. hdl:2066/67660. ISSN 0024-3892. S2CID 18155459.
* de Hoop, Helen; Malchukov, Andrej (2007-09-01). "On fluid differential case marking: A bidirectional OT approach". Lingua. 117 (9): 1636–1656. doi:10.1016/j.lingua.2006.06.010. hdl:2066/44503. ISSN 0024-3841.
# Humbo

Humbo is one of the woredas in the South Ethiopia Regional State of Ethiopia. It is a Part of the Wolayita Zone located in the Great Rift Valley, Humbo is bordered on the southeast by Abala Abaya, on the south by the Gamo Zone, on the west by Offa, on the north by Sodo Zuria and Bayra Koysha. The administrative center of Humbo is Tebela.
According to a 2004 report, Humbo had 25 kilometers of asphalt roads, 24 kilometers of all-weather roads and 51 kilometers of dry-weather roads, for an average road density of 118 kilometers per 1000 square kilometers.

## History

Humbo was selected by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in 2003 as an area for voluntary resettlement for farmers from overpopulated areas, becoming the new home for 658 heads of households. This included 618 heads of households selected from overpopulated parts of Humbo, Boloso Sore, Kindo Koysha, Sodo Zuria, Damot Weyde, and Damot Gale who were resettled at a new village at the southeastern part of the woreda near Lake Abaya, beginning in May.
Two kebeles in Humbo were flooded after the Bilate burst its banks between 24 and 30 April 2005. According to unconfirmed field reports the flood killed two people and displaced 6,755, of whom 965 were from resettlement sites. The flooding also damaged 1,017 hectares of crop land and killed numerous livestock. In August of the next year flooding in Humbo displaced 6,000 inhabitants but without causing either loss of life or damage to the crops.
The World Bank approved funding November 2007 for a project sponsored by World Vision Ethiopia to restore forest to 3,000 to 4,000 hectares in Humbo and 1,000 to 2,000 hectares in Soddo Zuria using native species, a program which would be funded with funds from carbon offset purchases.

## Demographics

Based on the 2019 population projection conducted by the CSA, this woreda has a total population of 161,792, of whom 81,151 are men and 80,641 women; 6,247 or 4.98% of its population are urban dwellers. The majority of the inhabitants were Protestants, with 87.15% of the population reporting that belief, 7.87% practiced Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, and 4.07% were Catholic.
The 1994 national census reported a total population for this woreda of 96,642 of whom 48,339 were men and 48,303 were women; 2,764 or 2.86% of its population were urban dwellers. The three largest ethnic groups reported in Humbo were the Welayta (96.33%), the Amhara (1.28%), and the Sidama (0.86%); all other ethnic groups made up 1.53% of the population. Welayta is spoken as a first language by 96.8%, 1.5% Amharic, 0.88% speak Sidamo; the remaining 0.82% spoke all other primary languages reported.
# Porth-y-Tŵr

Porth-y-Tŵr (Welsh for Tower Gate) is a gatehouse and bell tower overlooking St Davids Cathedral in the small city of St Davids, Pembrokeshire, Wales, UK. It is the sole survivor of four medieval gates to the walled Cathedral Close. The 13th-century octagonal tower, adjoining the gateway, now contains the cathedral's bells.

## Location and description

Porth-y-Tŵr is located less than 100m west of St Davids' main Cross Square and a similar distance southeast of the main south door of the cathedral. The bell tower to the north is a 60 feet (18 m) high two-storey octagonal stone building with pointed louvred windows. The gateway and rounded tower to the south are a lesser height and built from a rougher rubble stone.
It looks down on the cathedral from an elevated position. The Buildings of Wales describes the slope as setting "the cathedral and Bishop's Palace in a green bowl" with 39 steps leading down the steep incline from the gateway.

## History

Porth-y-Tŵr is the sole survivor of four gates to the Cathedral Close, an ancient enclosure which dates back to at least the 12th century and has been described as an "ecclesiastical palladium" encircling the cathedral with a 1,200 yards (1,100 m) of crenellated parapet. The bell tower of Porth-y-Tŵr dates to the late 13th century, with the gateway and its south tower probably being added in the 14th century.
What is nowadays the bell tower was used by the bishops of St Davids for their consistory court and a record office for the episcopal see. The south tower and the range of rooms above the gate were used as a council chamber. Well appointed apartments, suitable for the mayor, were accessed via a doorway on the town side of the tower. Joseph Lord's 1720 map of the Cathedral Close clearly shows a plan of Porth-y-Tŵr, describing it as "The East gate and rooms adjoyning to it where the Bishop's & Mayor's courts were held".
Porth-y-Tŵr was in ruins by the 20th century and, in 1929, the octagonal tower was substantially restored by ecclesiastical architect W. D. Caroe, with funding coming from an anonymous donor.
In the 1930s a ring of bells were installed in the octagonal tower – the bells in the tower of St Davids Cathedral had been removed in 1730 to prevent the cathedral's tower collapsing. Two further bells were added in 2001, donated by the American Friends of St Davids Cathedral. There are ten bells in total, ranging from 269 kg to 1227 kg and hung for change ringing. One of the original cathedral bells is exhibited at Porth-y-Tŵr.
The towers and gateway gained a Grade I heritage listing in 1963.
# Pedro Guimarães

Pedro Guimarães is a Brazilian economist. He had served as chairman of Caixa Econômica Federal from 2019 to 2022 and former partner of the investment bank Brasil Plural.
Guimarães resigned from office after accusations of sexual abuse against women employees of the state-owned bank were published by Metrópoles. The case is in a confidential investigation conducted by the Federal Public Prosecutor's Office since late 2021.

## Early life

He was born in Rio de Janeiro. He earned Pedro Guimarães a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Rochester, Master in Economics from Fundação Getúlio Vargas of Rio de Janeiro (FGV-RJ) and Bachelor of Economics from Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio).

## Career

He specialized in privatizations in the U.S. and in Brazil and signaled that the bank expects to save R$3,5 billion in two years and revised deals to achieve this goal.
He was a member of the Board of Directors of Terra Brasis Resseguros and Eólicas do Sul.
He was an advisor for the Privatization programme in the Banespa, the oldest state bank of São Paulo.

## Sexual Harassment

On June 28, 2022, the Brazilian website Metrópoles published an article with multiple reports from Caixa's female employees stating that Pedro Guimarães would, in several occasions, sexually harassed them, trying to force his employees to initiate sexual relations with him. The employees' initiative resulted in a formal investigation from Ministério Público Federal, this being the first public case of sexual harassment involving a high rank employee from Jair Bolsonaro's government.
According to O Globo journal, Pedro Guimarães would have already been reported for sexual harassment by a colleague in another bank. Such case was supposedly concluded after the payment of a fine by the company to the other party.
# Rawlings, Virginia

Rawlings is an unincorporated community located in Brunswick County, in the U.S. state of Virginia. The population for Rawlings, VA was 456 at the 2000 census. Rawlings is home of Lake Phoenix, a scuba park and family campground close to Davis Travel Center.
Rawlings is located along a former railroad mainline. The Richmond, Petersburg and Carolina Railroad, passing through Rawlings from Petersburg, Virginia to Ridgeway Junction (today Norlina, North Carolina), was completed in 1900, at which point it was merged into the Seaboard Air Line (SAL). By 1914, the population of Rawlings was estimate by the railroad to be somewhere around 100. The line (dubbed the "S-line" after later mergers) continued to operate until the 1980s, and today Rawlings is along the abandoned portion of the CSX Norlina Subdivision.

## Demographics

As previously stated, the 2000 census states there are 456 people. There are also 194 households with an average income of $66,088. The racial makeup of Rawlings, VA is 45% African American, 54% White, and < 1% Hispanic and Asian races.
# Pertusaria aptrootii

Pertusaria aptrootii is a species of crustose lichen in the family Pertusariaceae. It was described as a new species in 1998 by Alan W. Archer and John Alan Elix. The lichen occurs in Papua New Guinea, and is known from only two specimens collected at the type locality. The type was collected in Varirata National Park at an altitude of 800 m (2,600 ft), where it was found growing on conglomerate rock. It is named after Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot, who collected the type.
The lichen has a dull fawn, thick, crustose thallus that is cracked and areolate (divided into small, usually rounded to polygonal to irregular areas). It has numerous wart-shaped apothecia that are 1–2 mm in diameter. Between two and four point-like, black ostioles (pore-like openings through which the spores escape) are on each apothecium. Pertusaria aptrootii makes ascospores that are ellipsoid, smooth, and measure 108–125 μm long by 37–48 μm wide. They invariably number four per ascus, in contrast to some other Pertusaria species found in the same country, which may occasionally have asci with three or five ascospores. Characteristic secondary chemicals found in the lichen include 2-chlorolichexanthone, 2-O-methylsuperlatolic acid, and stictic acid.
# List of flag bearers for Yemen at the Olympics

This is a list of flag bearers who have represented Yemen at the Olympics.
Flag bearers carry the national flag of their country at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games.
| # | Event year | Season | Flag bearer | Sport |
| 1 | 1992 | Summer | | |
| 2 | 1996 | Summer | Abdullah Al-Izani | Wrestling |
| 3 | 2000 | Summer | Basheer Al-Khewani | Athletics |
| 4 | 2004 | Summer | Akram Al-Noor | Taekwondo |
| 5 | 2008 | Summer | Mohammed Al-Yafaee | Athletics |
| 6 | 2012 | Summer | Tameem Al-Kubati | Taekwondo |
| 7 | 2016 | Summer | Zeyad Mater | Judo |
| 8 | 2020 | Summer | Yasameen Al-Raimi | Shooting |
| 8 | 2020 | Summer | Ahmed Ayash | Judo |
| 9 | 2024 | Summer | Samer Al-Yafaee | Athletics |
# Phidippus texanus

Phidippus texanus is a species of jumping spider in the family Salticidae. It is found in the United States and Mexico.
* Adult female face
* Adult male face
* Adult female dorsal view
* Adult male dorsal view
# Ricardo Peña

Ricardo Peña may refer to:
* Ricardo Peña (Mexican footballer)
* Ricardo Peña (Costa Rican footballer)
* Ricardo Peña (cyclist)
# Helen Zout

Helen Marie Zout (b. 1957) is an Argentine photographer. Zout is based in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Her best well known works relate to the disappearances carried out by the military dictatorship in Argentina between 1974 and 1983. Her work is included in the collection of the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes, and the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston.
She was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship in 2002.
# Heorhiy

Heorhiy or Heorhy is used in Ukrainian (and occasionally Belarusian) as the equivalent of George or Georgiy. These forms of Yuri inspired Hiuri and Hyuri of Portuguese. People with the name include:
* Heorhiy Buschan (born 1994), Ukrainian football goalkeeper
* Heorhiy Gongadze (1969 – 2000), Ukrainian journalist of Georgian origin
* Heorhiy Kandratsyew (born 1960) Soviet Belarusian football player
* Heorhiy Kirpa (1946 – 2004), Ukrainian railway manager, statesman and politician
* Heorhiy Maiboroda (1913 – 1992), Ukrainian composer
* Heorhiy Pohosov (born 1960), Soviet/Ukrainian sabre fencer
* Heorhiy Pyatakov (1890 – 1937), Bolshevik revolutionary leader
* Heorhy Tkachenko (1898 – 1993), Ukrainian artist and bandurist
# Qırılı

Qırılı (also, Kyryly) is a village and municipality in the Agstafa Rayon of Azerbaijan. It has a population of 3,810.
# Paul Sinkwitz

Paul Sinkwitz (29 March 1899 – 15 July 1981) was a German painter and type designer. His work was part of the painting event in the art competition at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

## Fonts designed by Paul Sinkwitz

* Sinkwitz-Gotisch (1942, Schriftguss Type Foundry)
# Ray mine

The Ray mine is a large copper mine in Pinal County, Arizona, near the town of Kearny, in the southwestern United States. ASARCO, a subsidiary of Grupo México, currently owns the mine, which it acquired from Kennecott Copper in 1986.
The Ray mine has one of the largest copper reserves in the United States, with proven and probable reserves of 835.7 million tonnes (822,500,000 long tons; 921,200,000 short tons) of ore grading 1.73% copper, as of December 31, 2018. Copper from the Ray mine goes to the Hayden Smelter.
# I Can't Stop (The Osmonds song)

"I Can't Stop" is a song written by Jerry Goldstein and Wes Farrell and performed by The Osmonds. The group released the song as a single three different times. The song was originally released in 1967, but did not chart.
After the Osmonds left Uni Records and broke through as pop stars with "One Bad Apple" for MGM Records, Uni re-released "I Can't Stop" in 1971, when it reached #96 on the Billboard chart. Uni's successor MCA Records again re-released "I Can't Stop" in 1974 for the United Kingdom market, which reached #12 on the UK Singles chart.
The song was produced by Goldstein.
# List of flag bearers for Zimbabwe at the Olympics

This is a list of flag bearers who have represented Zimbabwe at the Olympics.
Flag bearers carry the national flag of their country at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games.
| # | Event year | Season | Flag bearer | Sport |
| 1 | 1928 | Summer | | |
| 2 | 1960 | Summer | | |
| 3 | 1964 | Summer | Lloyd Koch | Field hockey |
| 4 | 1980 | Summer | Abel Nkhoma | Athletics |
| 5 | 1984 | Summer | Zephaniah Ncube | Athletics |
| 6 | 1988 | Summer | James Gombedza | Athletics |
| 7 | 1992 | Summer | | |
| 8 | 1996 | Summer | Tendai Chimusasa | Athletics |
| 9 | 2000 | Summer | Phillip Mukomana | Athletics |
| 10 | 2004 | Summer | Young Talkmore Nyongani | Athletics |
| 11 | 2008 | Summer | Brian Dzingai | Athletics |
| 12 | 2012 | Summer | Kirsty Coventry | Swimming |
| 13 | 2014 | Winter | Luke Steyn | Alpine skiing |
| 14 | 2016 | Summer | Kirsty Coventry | Swimming |
| 15 | 2020 | Summer | Peter Purcell-Gilpin | Rowing |
| 15 | 2020 | Summer | Donata Katai | Swimming |
| 16 | 2024 | Summer | Makanakaishe Charamba | Athletics |
| 16 | 2024 | Summer | Paige van der Westhuizen | Swimming |
# Ptychadena trinodis

Ptychadena trinodis is a species of frog in the family Ptychadenidae. Its common name is Dakar grassland frog. It is widely distributed in West and Middle Africa, and following the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), occurs in Benin, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Ivory Coast, Mali, Mauritania, Nigeria, Senegal, and Togo. Further, records are missing from Guinea-Bissau, Burkina Faso, Niger, South Sudan, and Sudan, but it is presumed to be present in these countries too.

## Description

Ptychadena trinodis is a relatively large frog with a pointed head. Males measure 42–52 mm (1.7–2.0 in) and females 47–57 mm (1.9–2.2 in) in snout–vent length. Males have paired lateral vocal sacs. The tympanum is large and distinct. There are three pairs of continuous dorsal ridges that start at the level of the eyes, and a shorter, median pair. The hind legs are sturdy and of moderate length. The inner metatarsal tubercle is massive, almost as long as the shortest toe. The colouration is generally brownish or grayish, with black or dark brown spots present on dorsal ridges, flanks, and the dorsum.

## Habitat, ecology, and conservation

Its natural habitats are both dry and humid savannas, with a preference for the former. Breeding takes place in very small, temporary ponds and seems to commence at once when the rainy season starts and may continue through the rainy season. The eggs hatch to tadpoles in a day and metamorphose in three weeks.
Ptychadena trinodis has a patchy distribution and a low population density. In northern Benin, however, it was found to be common after the first rains of the season. It is an adaptable species that is not facing any significant threats. It also occurs in many protected areas, including the Garamba National Park; the IUCN has assessed Ptychadena trinodis as of "Least Concern".
# Richard Atkins

Richard Atkins (1559?–1581), was an English Protestant martyr.
Atkins was born at Ross in Herefordshire. Until he was nineteen years old he was a Catholic, after that a Protestant, but for how long is uncertain. About Midsummer 1581 he was at Rome armed with his New Testament. For his language towards the clergy on the 'misorder of their lives,' and his denunciations against the Church, he was imprisoned for a short time by the Inquisition. Upon his release he proceeded to a series of acts that finally brought him to torture and the stake.
He was charged with exclaiming against (western) Christianity as it then stood and in particular against the Pope in public places of resort, and with an act of sacrilege in attempting to throw down the sacrament while being carried through the streets by a priest. It was stated that a few days later, he had gone to St Peter's Basilica once again, while diverse gentlemen and others were hearing mass, he stepped forward to the altar 'and threw down the chalice with the wine,' and strove to pull the host out of the priest's hand before its consecration. Being committed to prison a second time and examined, his reply was 'that he came purposely to rebuke the popes' wickedness and their idolatry.' After many exhortations by his countrymen to recant, but in vain, he was brought to the stake with many tortures and burned before St. Peter's, 2 August 1581.