OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Paul Thorsen Harildstad

Paul Thorsen Harildstad (23 December 1764 – 15 January 1843) was a Norwegian farmer who served as a representative at the Norwegian Constitutional Assembly at Eidsvoll in 1814.

## Biography

Paul Thorsen (Pål Torsson) was born on the farm Søre Harildstad in the parish of Heidal in Oppland, Norway. He was the seventh of eight children born to a farming family in the Gudbrand Valley. Paul Thorsen was married in 1792 with Rønnaug Larsdotter from the parish of Vågå. The couple lived on the farm Åmodt near the village of Kvam at Nord-Fron in Nord-Trøndelag where they raised their family of three sons.
He was commissioned as an officer in 1788 and participated in the campaign against Sweden 1808–1809. He participated in the Battle of Toverud in Aurskog during 1808 and was awarded the Order of the Dannebrog for bravery. He represented the Oppland Infantry Regiment (Oplandske Infanteriregiment) at the Norwegian Constituent Assembly together with Diderich Hegermann, Commander of the regiment. Both representatives were supporters of the independence party (Selvstendighetspartiet).
# Oncidium blandum

Oncidium blandum, synonym Odontoglossum blandum, is a species of orchid native to Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Venezuela. It is known as the charming odontoglossum.
# Isoperla marmorata

Isoperla marmorata, the red stripetail, is a species of green-winged stonefly in the family Perlodidae. It is found in North America.
# Orin C. Smith

Orin C. Smith (June 26, 1942 – March 1, 2018) was an American businessman who was president and chief executive officer (CEO) of Starbucks Corporation from 2000 to 2005. He joined Starbucks as vice president and chief financial officer in 1990, becoming president and chief operating officer in 1994, and a director of Starbucks in 1996. He was preceded by Howard Schultz and succeeded by Jim Donald who was himself succeeded by Schultz.

## Biography

Prior to joining Starbucks, Smith spent much of his career in management consulting with Deloitte & Touche. Later he became the Chief Budget Officer for two Governors: Dixy Lee Ray and Booth Gardner, followed by CFO of two international transportation companies.
With Smith onboard first as CFO then COO and finally CEO, Starbucks expanded to more than 10,000 locations worldwide and more than $5 billion in sales. Smith led Starbucks to link coffee production to the protection of rain forests. Smith retired from Starbucks in 2005 and later became a director of Nike, Inc. and The Walt Disney Company. He was elected independent lead director of The Walt Disney Company on March 13, 2012. He was chair of the Starbucks Foundation, vice chair of the University of Washington Board of Regents and member of the Conservation International board of directors.
Smith graduated from the University of Washington in 1965 and the Harvard Business School in 1967. Smith was the recipient of many honors and awards, including the highest honor given to graduates of the Harvard Business School and one of Business Week's best managers in 2004.

## Personal life

Smith was a resident of Jackson, Wyoming. He was born in Ryderwood, Washington, a logging camp. Soon after he was born, the family moved to Chehalis, Washington. He graduated from W. F. West High School in Chehalis where he grew up. He was a member of the 1960 high school basketball team, the Bearcats, which won the state Class A basketball championship.
Smith died of pancreatic cancer at his home in Palm Desert, California, at the age of 75.

## Philanthropy

Smith had a long history of contributing funding to the city of Chehalis, particularly its schools as well as towards preservation of the city's buildings, parks, and history. He donated $10 million to the Chehalis School District to help create a perpetual Student Achievement Initiative (SAI) fund to be used for high school graduates of his alma mater to enroll in higher education and obtain professional careers after graduation.
For his "exceptional contribution" to the mission and vision of Chehalis schools, Orin C. Smith Elementary School was named in Smith's honor and opened for third, fourth and fifth grade in 2019 on the same campus as the James W. Lintott Elementary School, which opened for kindergarten, first and second grade in 2018.
The local Vernetta Smith branch library in Chehalis, part of the Timberland Regional Library system, was built in part due to funding by Orin Smith and the building bears his mother's name.
# Saccharomycetales

Saccharomycetales belongs to the kingdom of Fungi and the division Ascomycota. It is the only order in the class Saccharomycetes. There are currently 13 families recognized as belonging to Saccharomycetales. GBIF also includes; Alloascoideaceae (with 5 genera), Eremotheciaceae (16) Trigonopsidaceae (with 36) and Wickerhamomycetaceae (with 141 genera).

## Genera incertae sedis

According to The Mycota, genera included in the order, but of uncertain taxonomic position (incertae sedis) include Ascobotryozyma J.Kerrigan, M.T.Smith & J.D.Rogers, 2001, Babjeviella, Botryozyma, Candida pro parte, Citeromyces, Coccidiascus, Komagataella, Kuraishia, Macrorhabdus Tomaszewski, Logan, Snowden, Kurtzman & Phalen, 2003 (2), Nadsonia Syd. & P.Syd. 1912, Nakazawaea, Pachysolen, Peterozyma, Schizoblastosporidon Ciferri, 1930, Sporopachydermia, and Trigonopsis.
GBIF also lists; Actonia C.W.Dodge, 1935, Aphidomyces Brain, 1923 (5), Ascotrichosporon, Azymocandida, Bacillopsis Petschenko, 1908, Berkhoutia, Blastodendrion, Cicadomyces K.Sulc, 1911, Dabaryomyces Klöcker, 1909, Deakozyma C.P.Kurtzman & C.J.Robnett, 2014 (3), Diutina Khunnamwong, Lertwattanasakul, Jindam., Limtong & Lachance, 2015 (24), Dolichoascus Thibaut & Ansel, 1970, Enantiothamnus Verona, 1933, Endomycodes Delitsch, 1943, Entelexis Walt & E.Johannsen, 1973, Ephebella Itzigsohn, 1857, Eutorulopsis Cif., Fragosia A.Caballero, 1928, Limtongella, Menezesia Torrend, 1913, Metahyphopichia, Middelhovenomyces Kurtzman & Robnett, 2014 (4), Mycotorula, Oleina Van Tieghem, 1887, Parendomyces Queyrat & Laroche, Pseudomycoderma H.Will, 1916, Psyllidomyces P.Buchner, 1912, Sachsia Bay, 1894, Saturnospora Z.W.Liu & C.P.Kurtzman, 1991, Starmerella C.A.Rosa & Lachance (103), Suhomyces M.Blackw. & Kurtzman, 2016 (60), Syringospora Quinq., Teunomyces Kurtzman & M.Blackw., 2016 (22), Thailandia, Torulopsis Berl., 1894 (26), and Tyridiomyces W.A.Wheeler, 1907.
Figures in brackets are approx. how many species per genus.
# John Pearson (advocate general)

John Pearson (25 December 1771 - 16 April 1841) was a British Barrister and Advocate-General of Bengal.

## Early life

Pearson was the eldest child of Thomas Pearson Esq. (3 May 1732, Tettenhall, Staffordshire - 25 August 1796, Tattenhall, Staffordshire) of Tattenhall, Staffordshire, and his wife Elizabeth Leake (6 June 1743, Newport, Shropshire – 12 April 1832, Castle Cary, Somerset). He received the earlier education under Rev. Robert Dean and Ref. Mr. Lawson. After graduation from Wolverhampton Grammar School, he matriculated from Christ Church, Oxford on 24 October 1789. He was admitted to Lincoln's Inn on 28 October 1790 and was called to the Bar in 1802.
Pearson married Jane Elizabeth Matilda Hooke on 21 December 1802 and started practice as a barrister at Tettenhall and London.

## Career

In April 1824 Pearson came to Calcutta with his family and was appointed as the Advocate-General of Bengal by the East India Company in place of Sergeant Robert Spankie. He was elected by an anonymous vote of East India Board of Directors. Due to ill health, he returned to England in 1840, and died in 1841.

## Personal life

On 21 December 1802 at Barwell, Leicestershire, Pearson married Jane Elizabeth Matilda Hooke (14 April 1784, Barwell, Leicestershire - 16 November 1833, Bower Ashton, Somerset), the eldest daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel George Philip Hooke of the 17th Regiment. They had seven children:
* Elizabeth Mary (23 October 1804, Barwell, Leicestershire - 29 December 1848, Worsley, Lancashire). She first married, at Calcutta, India on 26 April 1825, George Macartney Greville (died at Berhampur, Bengal, India on 26 April 1834). She married secondly, at Hanover Square, London as his second wife, James Loch (7 May 1780 – 28 June 1855). She had children by her first husband.
* Thomas Hooke (7 June 1806, Tettenhall, Staffordshire - 29 April 1892, Sandy, Bedfordshire). He married and left children.
* Jane Frances Matilda (8 August 1808, Tettenhall, Staffordshire - 29 August 1887, Coates, Gloucestershire). She married, at Barwell, Leicestershire, on 27 February 1837, Lieutenant (later Lieutenant-General) George William Key (6 February 1812, Coates, Gloucestershire - 20 August 1883, Coates, Gloucestershire), and had children.
* Hugh (7 November 1809, Tettenhall, Staffordshire - 20 February 1885, Portswood, Hampshire). He married, at Calcutta on 22 June 1837, Jane Augusta Alkinson (26 May 1804, Leeds, Yorkshire - 19 December 1893, Portswood, Hampshire), and had children.
* Emily (September 1811 - 10 June 1823)
* George (28 April 1813, Barwell, Leicestershire - 11 January 1838, Hazaribagh, India)
* Rev. Charles James (31 October 1814 - 10 June 1881, Brislington, Somerset). He married, at Clifton-upon-Dunsmore on 8 December 1845, Mary Charlotte Moor (2 October 1818, Clifton-upon-Dunsmore, Warwickshire - 26 August 1885, Weymouth, Dorset), and had children.
# Protea pudens

Protea pudens, also known as the bashful sugarbush, is a low-growing, groundcover-like, flowering shrub in the genus Protea. It is only found growing in the wild in a small area in the Western Cape province of South Africa.
In Afrikaans this species is known by the vernacular name of aardroos suikerbos.

## Taxonomy

Protea pudens was first described as a new species by the South African botanist John Patrick Rourke in 1979, who had collected it in the field from 1973.

## Description

The plant grows as a prostrate shrub flat along the ground, forming a mat up to 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) in diameter, 30 centimetres (12 in) in height. It is sparsely branching; the stems are 1 centimetre (0.39 in) in diameter. It blooms with the inflorescences usually at ground level. It blooms in the winter, from May to September, with the peak from July to August. The plant is monoecious with both sexes in each flower. The flowers have no scent. The bracts subtending the inflorescence are deep pink in colour.

## Distribution

The plant is endemic to the southwestern Cape Region in South Africa, and occurs in a small area on flats near the village of Elim, and elsewhere on the Agulhas Plain, in the Western Cape province. The extent of occurrence only consists of 67 km$^2$, wherein it is only known to occur at four localities.

## Ecology

The plant grows in heavy, sandy clay, or shale-derived, gravelly soils, at altitudes of 23, to 30–40 metres (100–130 ft). It grows in a specific type of ferricrete-soil, fynbos habitat.
Pollination occurs through the action of birds.
Possible wildfires will destroy the mature plants, only the seeds will survive such an event. The seeds are stored in the many caps (fruits) in the dried, fire-resistant seed head, which is itself retained on the plant after senescence. The fruits are woody and persistent. The seeds are released from the caps after wildfires and dispersed by means of the wind.

## Conservation

It is rare, although when collected in 1973, up to 1998, it was locally common within the small area where it is known to occur. It is a cryptic plant and easily overlooked.
It was first added to the Red data list of southern African plants as 'endangered' by the South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI) in 1996, and this was upheld in 2006 and 2009. According to the 2006 SANBI assessment, the overall population is decreasing. Major threats to its survival were considered to be habitat loss due to expanding agriculture and invasive plants, as well as wild flower harvesting. Its total population is furthermore prone to fluctuations in abundance due to wildfires.
# Real Time Digital Simulator

Real Time Digital Simulator or RTDS as the abbreviation recommended by IEEE committee on real-time simulator applied for power systems provides power systems simulation technology for fast, reliable, accurate, and cost-effective study of power systems with complex High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) and High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) networks. The RTS is a fully digital electromagnetic transient power system simulator that operates in real time.
HYPERSIM is one of the commercial RTS available, it has been developed by Hydro-Québec and eMEGAsim has been developed by OPAL-RT Technologies Inc. which was born within Hydro-Québec. HYPERSIM is now available from OPAL-RT Technologies.
RTDS is the trademark for the RTS simulator provided by RTDS Technologies.

## About

The system's graphical user interface, proprietary software and mathematical algorithms can simulate any modern electric power grid configuration. As new equipment or components are added or subtracted from the simulator's configuration, the model instantly updates. For example, researchers can run simulated system-failure scenarios such as a control system cyberintrusion or a physical damage event such as a terrorist attack or natural disaster and instantly detect the order and reasoning for why dedicated relays, breakers or substations failed.

## Advantages

Because the simulator functions in real time, the power system algorithms are calculated quickly enough to continuously produce output conditions that realistically represent conditions in a real network. Real-time simulation is significant for two reasons—the user can test physical devices and the user is more productive by completing many studies quickly with real-time simulation.
# Van Roosbroeck

Van Roosbroeck is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Eugène Van Roosbroeck (1928–2018), Belgian cyclist
* Gustaaf Van Roosbroeck (born 1948), Belgian cyclist
# Hotte

Hotte is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Mark Hotte (born 1978), English footballer
* Paul Hotte, Canadian production designer and art director
* Richard Hotte (born 1948), Canadian academic and professor of information technology
* Tim Hotte (born 1963), English footballer
# Isaiah Sellers

Isaiah Sellers (c. 1802–1864) was the riverboat captain from whom Samuel L. Clemens (Mark Twain) claimed to have appropriated the pen name Mark Twain.
The story of how Clemens started to use the name is told in chapter 50 of Life on the Mississippi and is summarized in the main article on Mark Twain. He allegedly wrote articles for the New Orleans Daily Picayune. Since there are a few problems with the chronology of Sellers' death and Clemens' first use of the name, the story is not accepted uncritically by Twain scholars. Captain Isaiah Sellers is buried at Bellefontaine Cemetery in St. Louis, Missouri.
# Saccharomycopsidaceae

The Saccharomycopsidaceae are a family of yeasts in the order Saccharomycetales. According to the 2007 Outline of Ascomycota, the family contains three genera, although the placement of the genus Ambrosiozyma is uncertain. Species in this poorly known family have a widespread distribution.
# John McGlynn

John McGlynn may refer to:
* John McGlynn (actor) (born 1953), Scottish actor
* John McGlynn (Scottish footballer) (born 1961), football (soccer) player and manager (Raith Rovers FC, Heart of Midlothian FC, Livingston FC)
* John McGlynn (Gaelic footballer), Kerry player
* John H. McGlynn (born 1952), American editor/translator
* John J. McGlynn (1922–2016), American politician in Massachusetts
* John McGlynn, musician and member of Anúna
# Reading Chronicle

The Reading Chronicle is a weekly newspaper covering Reading in Berkshire, UK and surrounding areas, which began its life as the Berkshire Chronicle. It is currently edited by Katie French, serving as group editor for its parent company Newsquest Berkshire & Buckinghamshire.
The paper is published each Thursday with two editions: the Reading Chronicle and the Woodley and Earley Chronicle. The paper switched to a compact, tabloid format from a broadsheet format in March 2009. Its supplements include the weekly entertainment section The Guide and monthly Business Review alongside the Property Chronicle.
It covers an area extending to Goring-on-Thames to the north, Bucklebury to the west, Mortimer to the south, and Twyford and Winnersh to the east.

## Ownership history

The paper was owned by Trinity Mirror, now Reach plc, until it was purchased by Berkshire Media Group in 2007. The group's parent company Clyde and Forth Press, based in Scotland, went into receivership in 2012 and was taken over by management to become Romanes Media. This venture, named after Clyde and Forth Press' late owner Deirdre Romanes, was acquired by Newsquest in 2015.

## Awards

In November 2021, the Chronicle won the Making A Difference title in the News Media Association's annual Journalism Matters awards, which highlight instances of news outlets having a positive influence on their communities. It was honoured for its Help Save Charlie campaign, which raised thousands of pounds towards private treatment for a young boy suffering from a rare brain tumour.

## Controversy

In 2014, the Chronicle published a feature and front-page article alleging that hooliganism was a problem at Reading Football Club. The club's chairman Sir John Madejski suspended its links with the paper and criticised it as "an unwarranted and sensationalised attack which undermines everything our club tries to represent." The piece was also criticised for implying that the Hillsborough disaster was linked to hooliganism. The following week's edition apologised on its front page for both the depiction of Reading FC and the Hillsborough reference.
# Patrick Dunne

Patrick Dunne may refer to:
* Patrick Dunne (priest) (1818–1900), Roman Catholic priest in Australia
* Pat Dunne (American football) (active 1920–1921), American football player
* Pat Dunne (1943–2015), Irish football goalkeeper
* Paddy Dunne (Gaelic footballer) (1929–2013), Irish Gaelic football player
* Paddy Dunne (politician) (1928–2006), Irish Labour Party politician, senator and Lord Mayor of Dublin
* Pecker Dunne (Patrick Dunne, 1933–2012), Irish singer and musician
# Kondapalkala

Kondapalkala is a major panchayat village located in the district of Karimnagar, Telangana, India. It is located in Manakondur mandal. It is situated about 15 km from Lower Manair Dam, Karimnagar. It is reachable through road via 9 km from Chengerla which is on Karimnagar-Warangal State Highway.
# Paulo Rocha (Brazilian politician)

Paulo Roberto Galvão da Rocha (born April 1, 1951) is a Brazilian politician. He had represented Pará in the Federal Senate from 2015 to 2023. Previously, he was a deputy from Pará from 1991 to 2005 and from 2007 to 2011. He is a member of the Workers' Party.
# One leu

The current one leu banknote is the smallest circulating denomination af the Romanian leu. It is the same size es the 5 Euro banknote.
The main color of the current banknote is green. It pictures, on the obverse Prime-minister and historian Nicolae Iorga, and on the reverse the Curtea de Argeş Cathedral, which suffered a massive restoration under his Government, and a crossed eagle, the Wallachian traditional heraldic element.

## History

In the past, the denomination was also in the coin form, as follows:
First leu (1867-1947)
* coin issues: 1870, 1873 (re-issues: 1874, 1876), 1881, 1884 (re-issue: 1885), 1894 (re-issues: 1900, 1901), 1906 (gold, celebration issue), 1910 (re-issues: 1911, 1912, 1914)
* banknote issue: 1915 (re-issues: 1920, 1937, 1938), 1917 (issued by the Romanian General Bank and circulated in the German occupation area between 1917-1918)
* coin issue: 1924
* banknote re-issue: 1938 (re-issue of the 1915 design)
* coin issue: 1938 (re-issues: 1939, 1940, 1941)
* banknote issue: 1941 (issued by INFINEX and circulated in Romanian administrated Transnistria between 1941-1944)
Second leu (1947-1952)
* coin issues: 1947, 1949 (re-issues: 1950, 1951)
Third leu - ROL(1952-2005)
* banknote issue: 1952
* coin issue: 1963
* banknote issue: 1966
* coin issues: 1966 (actually minted in 1967, re-issue of the 1963 design), 1992, 1993 (re-issues: 1994, 1995, 1996)
Fourth leu - RON (since 2005)
* banknote issue: 2005 (redesigned issue of the former 10.000 lei banknote, whereas 10.000 third lei = 1 fourth leu)
# Isabelle Tokpanou

Isabelle Marie Ndjole Assouho (born 27 November 1936, in Kribi) is a Cameroonian politician. She was elected senator for the East Region during the first senatorial elections held on 14 April 2013.
As a university professor, she was chairman of the board of Yaounde and was replaced by Aminatou Ahidjo [fr] on 29 June 2016.
For five years, she was State Secretary at the Ministry of National Education (now the Ministry of Secondary Education). She is married and has four children.

## Education and career

Holder of a Baccalaureate obtained in 1957, Tokpanou pursued graduate studies in France where she graduated with a degree in natural sciences in 1963, a DEA in animal physiology in 1975 and a PhD in animal physiology in 1978, all obtained at the University of Poitiers.
In 1963, she began her professional career teaching high schools in Benin, Ivory Coast and France until 1975, when she became an assistant in animal physiology at the University of Benin, today University of Lome in Togo.
In 1978, she entered the University of Yaounde and in 1980, she became a lecturer at the Faculty of Sciences. Thereafter, she became president of the National Assembly for ten years after having been Secretary of State at the Ministry of Education.

## Politics

Isabelle Tokpanou is an activist for the CPDM where she is an alternate member of the central committee. She was elected senator of the Eastern Region at the 2013 Cameroonian senatorial Eeection.
# Original Monarch Pass

Original Monarch Pass (elevation 11,532 feet (3,515 m)) is a mountain pass on the border of Gunnison and Chaffee counties of west-central Colorado. It is located on the Continental Divide on the western boundary of Monarch Ski Area, 1 mile (1.6 km) west of U.S. Route 50. Original Monarch Pass divides the watersheds of No Name Creek, a tributary of Tomichi Creek and the Gunnison River, to the west and the South Arkansas River to the east. The name Monarch comes from nearby Monarch Ridge and the community of Monarch.
Original Monarch Pass has also been referred to as Old Old Monarch Pass.

## History

In 1880, a toll road was constructed over this first Monarch Pass. The new road became an important route for wagons and stagecoaches traveling from the town of South Arkansas (later named Salida) on the east side to the booming mining camps on the west side of the divide. The road also allowed travel on to the growing city of Gunnison and points farther west. The pass later accommodated motor vehicles, and remained an important crossing of the divide until 1922, when the state highway department realigned the road to cross the divide at a slightly lower point 1.1 miles (1.8 km) to the southeast. This second Monarch Pass is now known as Old Monarch Pass. In 1939, yet another highway realignment moved the crossing of the divide another 0.6 miles (0.97 km) southeast to the current location where U. S. Route 50 crosses today. This third pass is now known as Monarch Pass.
Today Original Monarch Pass can be reached by hiking north along the Continental Divide Trail from Old Monarch Pass. It can also be reached by hiking up the abandoned toll road from the west. The old toll road on the east side of the pass is now used as a service road within the Monarch Ski Area and is not accessible to the public.