OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Museo Nazionale di Palazzo Mansi

The Museo Nazionale di Palazzo Mansi is one of the two main art museum hosting tapestry collections and mainly post-19th century art collections owned by the city of Lucca, Italy. The collection is displayed in the Baroque palace, formerly belonging to the Mansi family, and located in central Lucca. Many of the original room decorations remain in place.
The Palace was first erected at the site of a few earlier tower-houses bought in 1616 by the Lucchese merchant of silk Ascanio Mansi and his descendants. While the facade retains earlier Renaissance window features, between 1686 and 1691, Ascanio's son Raffaello employed the architect Raffaello Mazzanti to further renovate the now palace, and the piano nobile rooms acquired the present decoration and a grand staircase access. The cooler ground floor rooms were turned into a summer apartment.
In the second half of the 18th century, Luigi Mansi pursued further refurbishing. The Mansi family retained prestige in the early 19th century; Raffaele Mansi and Camilla Parensi had been appointed courtiers to Elisa Bonaparte and Felice Baciocchi. Raffaello Mansi Orsetti, who died in 1956, was the first to display the art collections to the public. In the mid-1960s his children sold the palace to the state, which has converted into a National Museum of arts and tapestries.
The interiors house a highly decorated bedroom alcove with gilded caryatid columns flanking the portal.

## Gallery

* Pontormo: Porträt of Amerigo Antinori, ca. 1525.
* Domenico Beccafumi: The Continence of Scipio Africanus, ca. 1525.
# Myogenic tone

Myogenic tone is a state of muscle tone in living creatures that originates from the muscle itself rather than from the autonomic nervous system or from hormone processes. It may be contrasted with neurogenic tone, which is created by actions of the autonomic nervous system.
# Flosculariaceae

Flosculariaceae is an order of rotifers, found in fresh and brackish water.

## Families

The order includes the six following families.
* Conochilidae
* Flosculariidae
* Hexarthridae
* Testudinellidae
* Trochosphaeridae
* Filiniidae
# Meathooked

Meathooked: The History and Science of Our 2.5-Million-Year Obsession with Meat is a book by Polish-Canadian journalist Marta Zaraska. Published in February 2016 by Basic Books, the book is about meat consumption throughout human history, and the health effects of eating meat.

## Critical reception

A reviewer for the Green Bay Press-Gazette wrote, "Admitting upfront that she's a vegetarian, Zaraska balances positive and negative points of view in this fascinating exploration. [...] This intriguing, yet technical, title will educate carnivores and vegetarians alike." Author Mark Kurlasky called Meathooked "a pretty good book about meat", stating that, "By examining the positive and negative history of meat rather than vegetarianism, Marta Zaraska leads us to a thoughtful and broad array of issues." Anthropologist and primatologist Richard Wrangham called the book "a well-researched plea for nutritional sanity and ecological common-sense," adding that "Zaraska's sparkling argument for a future with a reduced reliance on meat deserves wide attention."
Chris Nuttall-Smith of The Globe and Mail argued that, while "Zaraska is right, we do eat far too much meat and ought to cut way back," Meathooked utilizes "dubious health data" and "isn't an investigation. It's 200 pages of being trapped in a naugahyde-padded room with a hectoring PETA campaigner who will grasp at any pseudo study or nonsensical quote or misinterpreted data to support her point of view." Diane Leach of PopMatters called the book "a vegetarian manifesto masquerading as scientific journalism". Both Nuttall-Smith and Leach criticized Zaraska's claim that Americans "devour 275 pounds (of meat) a year", with Nuttall-Smith writing that, according to estimates by the United States Department of Agriculture, the actual figure "is 125 pounds annually, or less than half of what Zaraska claims, and it has fallen sharply in recent years."
# N-Phenylnaphthalen-1-amine

N-Phenylnaphthalen-1-amine (NPN) is an aromatic amine with the chemical formula C $_{16}$H $_{12}$NH.
This molecule is notable for its binding affinity in mouse major urinary protein (MUP). This ligand has the greatest binding affinity of all MUP binding ligand discovered, including 2-sec-butyl-4,5-dihydrothiazole (SBT), 6-hydroxy-6-methyl-3-heptanone (HMH), and 3-isobutyl-2-methoxypyrazine (IBMP). NPN binds 28 times tighter than SBT. It also makes 38 nonpolar contacts to MUP, whereas IBMP only makes 15 contacts which are the next most nonpolar contacts. There is a slight difference in the binding affinities and forms for NPN bound in wild-type MUP and the Y120F MUP mutant. In wild-type MUP there is just enough room for the amine group of NPN to makes a water mediated hydrogen bond to Tyr120, whereas in Y120F MUP mutant, there is a slight shift and the amine group makes a direct hydrogen bond to Tyr120. Much is still unknown about the entropic and enthalpic effects of the MUP binding site.
# Moral rationalism

Moral rationalism, also called ethical rationalism, is a view in meta-ethics (specifically the epistemology of ethics) according to which moral principles are knowable a priori, by reason alone. Some prominent figures in the history of philosophy who have defended moral rationalism are Plato and Immanuel Kant. Perhaps the most prominent figure in the history of philosophy who has rejected moral rationalism is David Hume. Recent philosophers who have defended moral rationalism include Richard Hare, Christine Korsgaard, Alan Gewirth, and Michael Smith.
Moral rationalism is similar to the rationalist version of ethical intuitionism; however, they are distinct views. Moral rationalism is neutral on whether basic moral beliefs are known via inference or not. A moral rationalist who believes that some moral beliefs are justified non-inferentially is a rationalist ethical intuitionist. So, rationalist ethical intuitionism implies moral rationalism, but the reverse does not hold.

## Emotions and reason

There are two main forms of moral rationalism, associated with two major forms of reasoning. If moral reasoning is based on theoretical reason, and is hence analogous to discovering empirical or scientific truths about the world, a purely emotionless being could arrive at the truths of reason. Such a being wouldn't necessarily be motivated to act morally. Beings who aren't motivated to act morally can also arrive at moral truths, but needn't rely upon their emotions to do so.
Many moral rationalists believe that moral reasoning is based on practical reason, which involves choices about what to do or intend to do, including how to achieve one's goals and what goals one should have in the first place. In this view, moral reasoning always involves emotional states and hence is intrinsically motivating. Immanuel Kant expressed this view when he said that immoral actions do not involve a contradiction in belief, but a contradiction in the will, that is, in one's commitment to a principle which one intends to motivate actions. Christine Korsgaard's elaboration of Kantian reasoning tries to show that if ethics is actually based on practical reasoning, this shows that it can be objective and universal, without having to appeal to questionable metaphysical assumptions.

## Criticisms

Moral sense theorists (or sentimentalists), such as David Hume, are the key opponents of moral rationalism. In Book 3 of A Treatise of Human Nature and in An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals (EPM), Hume argues (among other things) that reason and emotions (or the "passions" as he often calls them) are quite distinct faculties and that the foundations of morality lie in sentiment, not reason. Hume takes it as a fact about human psychology and morality that moral judgments have an essentially emotional, sentimental, or otherwise non-rational or cognitive character to them. According to Hume, "...morality is determined by sentiment. It defines virtue to be whatever mental action or quality gives to a spectator the pleasing sentiment of approbation; and vice the contrary" (EPM, Appendix 1, ¶10).
# Hyposmocoma erismatias

Hyposmocoma erismatias is a species of moth of the family Cosmopterigidae. It was first described by Edward Meyrick in 1928. It is endemic to the Hawaiian island of Oahu. The type locality is Nuʻuanu Pali.
The larvae feed on Euphorbia species. The larvae are stem borers.
# Wilf equivalence

In the study of permutations and permutation patterns, Wilf equivalence is an equivalence relation on permutation classes. Two permutation classes are Wilf equivalent when they have the same numbers of permutations of each possible length, or equivalently if they have the same generating functions. The equivalence classes for Wilf equivalence are called Wilf classes; they are the combinatorial classes of permutation classes. The counting functions and Wilf equivalences among many specific permutation classes are known.
Wilf equivalence may also be described for individual permutations rather than permutation classes. In this context, two permutations are said to be Wilf equivalent if the principal permutation classes formed by forbidding them are Wilf equivalent.
# Night Call (podcast)

Night Call was a weekly call-in show hosted by Molly Lambert, Tess Lynch, and Emily Yoshida. In addition to free weekly podcasts on the iHeartRadio platform, Night Call hosted live shows on Twitch.tv and in person, and created book club themed episodes, movie club themed episodes, and monthly mixes for their Patreon supporters.

## Previous collaborations

The three first worked together on the Girls in Hoodies podcast at Grantland through 2014, a podcast that "dared to challenge its listeners".

## Reception

Night Call held a 4.5-star rating on Apple Podcasts and received positive reviews from outlets such as The Maine Campus, TIME, Pacific Standard, Vulture.com, and ELLE.
# Graham County

Graham County is the name of three counties in the United States:
* Graham County, Arizona
* Graham County, Kansas
* Graham County, North Carolina
Graham County is the name of the USS GRAHAM COUNTY LST-1176.
# Philadelphia shooting

Philadelphia shooting may refer to:
* Lex Street massacre, 2000
* Shooting of Jesse Hartnett, 2016
* 2022 Philadelphia shooting
* 2023 Kingsessing, Philadelphia shooting
# Florian Dinhopel

Florian Dinhopel (born 13 January 1987) is an Austrian ice hockey forward playing for EV Zeltweg of the Austrian Elite League.
# Meathead Goldwyn

Meathead Goldwyn (born June 4, 1949) is an American food writer, chef, and website publisher, whose writing focuses on barbecue, grilling, and smoking. He is the author of the New York Times best-seller Meathead: The Science of Great Barbecue and Grilling. He is also a former columnist for the Chicago Tribune, the Washington Post, and AOL.

## Early life and education

Goldwyn derives his moniker from his father, who jokingly labeled him after the character "Meathead" played by Rob Reiner in the 1970s television show All in the Family. Goldwyn's father, who owned a butcher shop and worked as an inspector for the United States Department of Agriculture, also inspired his interest in meats. Goldwyn originally studied journalism and photography at the University of Florida but left in his senior year and moved to Detroit and then Chicago. He later earned a Master of Fine Arts from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago.

## Career

Goldwyn began working as a wine buyer in the 1970s. He wrote a wine column for the Chicago Tribune from 1978 to 1981, then for the Washington Post from 1982 to 1985. He later established the food and wine coverage in the early years of AOL. He founded the Beverage Testing Institute, which created the World Wine Championships, World Beer Championships, and World Spirits Championships in the 1980s. He has also taught at Cornell University School of Hotel Administration.
Goldwyn founded AmazingRibs.com in 2005 as a response to a rib cook-off challenge from one of his neighbors. He uses the site to teach cooking methods and recipes, debunk barbecuing myths, and test various equipment. Goldwyn runs the website from his home in suburban Chicago. AmazingRibs.com has been archived by the U.S. Library of Congress Food and Foodways Web Archive along with about 50 other culinary websites.
Goldwyn is the author of the 2016 cookbook Meathead: The Science of Great Barbecue and Grilling,. The cookbook was a New York Times Best Seller and was named one of the “100 Best Cookbooks Of All Time” by Southern Living magazine.
In 2021, Goldwyn was elected as the 40th member of the Barbecue Hall of Fame.
# Mørkefjord

Mørkefjord, meaning in Danish "The dark fjord," is a fjord in King Frederick VIII Land, northeastern Greenland.

## History

Mørkefjord was named by the 1906-1908 Denmark expedition, which established a second weather station at Mørkefjord, in order to compare meteorological observations data with those taken at Danmarkshavn . It had also been known as Vigfusdalfjord.
The 1938–1939 Mørkefjord expedition was named after it. They built their base hut and repaired their ship "Gamma" at a place by the fjord's shores.
There are remains of Inuit sites at the mouth of the fjord.

## Geography

This fjord is located east of Danmarkshavn in Daniel Bruun Land. There are two parallel fjords close to it, Hellefjord to the south, and Sælsøen, a lake with a fjord structure, to the north. It runs from east to west for about 30 km. There is a small branch on its southern shore. Kalvenø island is located off its mouth in northern Dove Bay.
# Moods (The Three Sounds album)

Moods is an album by jazz group The Three Sounds released in 1961 on the Blue Note label. It was recorded the same day Feelin' Good was recorded.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
The Allmusic review by Stephen Thomas Erlewine awarded the album 4 stars stating "The Three Sounds open their signature sound a bit on the romantic Moods. They retain the same light touch that made their early albums so enjoyable, but they add more textures to the mix... on the whole, Moods is an endearing collection of appealing mainstream jazz".

## Track listing

* "Love for Sale" (Porter) - 6:37
* "Things Ain't What They Used to Be" (Mercer Ellington) - 8:54
* "On Green Dolphin Street" (Bronisław Kaper, Ned Washington) - 5:37
* "Loose Walk" (Sonny Stitt) - 4:55
* "Li'l Darlin'" (Neal Hefti) - 4:52
* "I'm Beginning to See the Light" (Ellington, George, Hodges, James) - 2:29
* "Tammy's Breeze" (Gene Harris) - 4:28
* "Sandu" (Clifford Brown) - 4:21

## Personnel

* Gene Harris - piano
* Andrew Simpkins - bass
* Bill Dowdy - drums
# Peonidin-3-O-glucoside

Peonidin-3-O-glucoside is anthocyanin. It is found in fruits and berries, in red Vitis vinifera grapes and red wine, in red onions and in purple corn. It is dark red to purple in colour.
# Golden Chain

There are multiple uses for the term Golden Chain:
* Golden chain is the common name for the genus Laburnum, and related species of small trees with decorative yellow flowers.
* Hadith of Golden Chain, a hadith (tradition) narrated from the eighth Shia Imam
* Order of the Golden Chain, name of a number of secret societies
* The Golden Chain, an alleged group of al Qaeda's wealthy sponsors
* Golden Chain Highway, another name for State Route 49 in California, United States
* Golden Chain of Homer, a 1723 hermetical book edited by Anton Josef Kirchweger
* A Golden Chain, or The Description of Theology, a 1591 book by the Puritan William Perkins (theologian)
* "Golden Chain", a song by Stars, from the compilation album Exclaim! 13th Anniversary Cross-Canada Concert Series
* The Golden Chain (Di goldene keyt), a 1907 Yiddish-language play by I.L. Peretz
* The Golden Chain (Di goldene keyt (magazine)), the leading Yiddish-language literary journal of the post-World War II era
* Golden Chain (slavic literature) [ru]
* A Golden Chain of succession in Pythagorean, Platonic, Neoplatonic, and perennial philosophy
# Nifon Niculescu

Nifon Niculescu (Romanian pronunciation:; born Nicolae Niculescu; July 1, 1858–February 27, 1923) was a Romanian cleric who became a bishop within the Romanian Orthodox Church.
Born in Bucharest, he attended the central seminary from 1872 to 1880. He later enrolled in the University of Bucharest's theology faculty, obtaining a degree in 1892. In 1881, he became a deacon at the White Church, being transferred to the Kretzulescu Church the following year. After being ordained a priest, he served at the White Church from 1883 to 1895. For a time, he was an accountant at the Metropolis of Ungro-Wallachia and a professor of religion. He was left a widower and, in 1895, became a monk at Cernica Monastery, taking the name Nifon. The same year, he became vicar bishop of Ungro-Wallachia, with the title of Ploieșteanul, and remained in this position until 1909. In March 1909, he was elected and then enthroned as Bishop of the Lower Danube, with his see at Galați. He served until retiring at the beginning of 1922, and died a year later in Bucharest.
Noted as a specialist in liturgics and psaltic music, Niculescu published a book of church music in 1902. He edited a series of didactic and moralizing pamphlets and delivered numerous lectures, some of which were published.
# William Knox (cricketer)

William Knox (20 November 1903 — 11 June 1954) was a Scottish first-class cricketer.
Knox was born at Paisley in November 1903. A club cricketer for Kelburne, he made a single appearance in first-class cricket for Scotland against Yorkshire at Harrogate in 1938. Batting twice in the match as a middle order batsman, he was dismissed without scoring by Ellis Robinson in Scotland's first innings, while in their second innings he was dismissed for the same score by Frank Smailes. Knox died at Paisley in June 1954.
# USS Oregon City

45°21′08″N 122°36′48″W﻿ / ﻿45.3521485°N 122.6132664°W﻿ / 45.3521485; -122.6132664
USS Oregon City (CA-122), the lead ship of the Oregon City class of heavy cruisers, was laid down 8 April 1944 by Bethlehem Steel Company, Quincy, Massachusetts; launched 9 June 1945; sponsored by Mrs. Raymond P. Canfield, wife of the City Commissioner of Oregon City, Oregon. Newspapers showed pictures of celebrated radio, film and television personality Bing Crosby adding a bit of glamor to the launching. The Oregon City was commissioned 16 February 1946.
Oregon City was named for the city in the state of Oregon. Oregon City departed Boston 31 March 1946 for shakedown out of Guantanamo Bay Naval Base, then returned to Boston in mid-May.
Oregon City became flagship of the United States Fourth Fleet on 3 July and the following month began dockside training of reservists in Philadelphia. From 6 to 19 October she made a post-war Reserve Training Cruise, to Bermuda, then sailed to Boston and remained until the following March with a somewhat reduced complement. Reassigned to the 2nd Fleet in January 1947, Oregon City's crew had returned to full strength by the time she sailed for Guantanamo Bay 30 March. After three weeks of exercises she returned to Boston, not sailing again until 6 June. She embarked midshipmen at Annapolis on the 21st, then sailed for the Canal Zone and the Caribbean on an annual summer training cruise.
Oregon City debarked her midshipmen at Norfolk in mid-August and sailed for Philadelphia and deactivation. She was decommissioned on 15 December 1947. She was the only Oregon City-class ship to be decommissioned soon after completion, and was not selected for conversion to a missile ship. Her bell was sent back to Oregon where it is on display at the Museum of the Oregon Territory in Oregon City, Oregon. She was stricken 1 November 1970, and sold 17 September 1973 to Union Minerals and Alloys Corporation, NYC, and scrapped in Kearny, New Jersey the following year. Her 5" gun houses could still be seen well into the 90s at Philadelphia Navy Yard.
The bell originally from USS Oregon City was presented to Portland Area Naval Reserve through the people of Oregon City, Oregon on 8 March 1975 and it is now on display at Museum of Oregon Territory. A model of her is also on displayed there.

## Gallery

* USS Oregon City Lifecycle
* Oregon City underway in 1946.
* Oregon City mothballed at Philadelphia in 1959.

## Awards

* American Campaign Medal
* World War 2 Victory Medal
* National Defense Service Medal
# Flag of Cagayan

The flag of Cagayan is the provincial flag of Cagayan, Philippines. It is a horizontal triband of blue, gold and green, charged with the provincial coat-of-arms ringed by 29 white, five-pointed stars. It was adopted on March 11, 1970 by the virtue of Provincial Board Resolution No. 319.
Cagayan is one of the few Philippine provinces to have a distinctly-designed flag, deviating from the standard flag design of the provincial seal on a colored field. The flag has a proportion of 1:2, the same as the flag of the Philippines.

## Symbolism

The colors of the flag has the following symbolisms:
* Sky blue: signifies justice, honor, and nobility of the province's inhabitants, their sincerity and traditionally peaceful ways. Also represents the azure skies.
* Gold: symbolizes the wealth of the province and represents the color of the bright sun.
* Green: depicts the fertile soil of the province and also seeks to inspire hope among the people. It also represents the verdant mountains and plains of the province.
The 29 white, five-pointed stars ringing the coat-of-arms represent the 29 component city and municipalities comprising the province.
The coat-of-arms has the following symbolisms:
* Yellow (or Gold) color: symbolizes the wealth of the province
* Blue color: stands for justice, honor, nobility of the people, their sincerity and traditional peaceful ways;
* Blue column dividing the shield: depicts the Cagayan River, which served as the border between the two original congressional districts of Cagayan;
* Small islands at the top portion of the shield: represent the small islands on the northern part of the province;
* Tobacco plants (left) and rice stalks (right): represent agriculture; rice and tobacco—along with corn and peanuts—are the province's main agricultural crops, and are major sources of income for its people.

## Specifications

The length of the flag is twice its width, and the horizontal stripes are of equal size.
The coat-of-arms (shield) is drawn in black outline, and placed off-centered towards the hoist of the flag. The shield's height is approximately 1 and 1/4 the width of any of the stripes (or 5/12 of the flag width). The shield's width is calculated to be at 5/14 of the flag width (or 5/28 of the flag length), given that the specification for the width-to-height ratio of the shield is set at 6:7.
The position of the shield in the flag is determined by first measuring two shield widths (5/7 of the flag width, or 5/14 of the flag length) from the edge of the fly, and then centering the shield in the remainder of the field. The exact horizontal position of the center of the shield is therefore at the point measuring 9/28 of the flag length from the hoist. The shield abuts the blue stripe, straddles the gold stripe, and extends into the green stripe.