OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Phase telescope

A phase telescope or Bertrand lens is an optical device used in aligning the various optical components of a light microscope. In particular it allows observation of the back focal plane of the objective lens and its conjugated focal planes. The phase telescope/Bertrand lens is inserted into the microscope in place of an eyepiece to move the intermediate image plane to a point where it can be observed.
Phase telescopes are primarily used for aligning the optical components required for Köhler illumination and phase contrast microscopy. For Köhler illumination the light source and condenser diaphragm should appear in focus at the back focal plane of the objective lens. For phase contrast microscopy the phase ring (at the back focal plane of the objective) and the annulus (at the back focal plane of the condenser lens) should appear in focus and in alignment.
Bertrand lenses find use in creating interference figures and assisting in aligning a microscope to generate interference figures. The name Bertrand lens commemorates French mineralogist Emile Bertrand (1844-1909), for whom the mineral Bertrandite is also named.
# Gymnopilus pachycystis

Gymnopilus pachycystis is a species of mushroom-forming fungus in the family Hymenogastraceae. It is found in Central America.
# Henry II, Margrave of Baden-Hachberg

Henry II, Margrave of Baden-Hachberg (before 1231 – c. 1297/1298) was the ruling Margrave of Baden-Hachberg from 1231 to 1289.

## Life

Henry II was the eldest son of Margrave Henry I of Baden-Hachberg and his wife, Agnes, a daughter of Count Egino IV of Urach. In 1231, he succeeded his father as Margrave of Baden-Hachberg. Since he was a minor at the time, he initially stood under the guardianship of his mother. He was the first in his line of the House of Zähringen to style himself Margrave of Hachberg. In 1232, he purchased the Lordship of Sausenburg from St. Blaise Abbey. Soon afterwards, he built Sausenburg Castle, which was first mentioned in 1246.
He had disputes with the spiritual rulers in the area and with the Counts of Freiburg about the entangled rights and privileges they had (or claimed to have) on each other's possessions. In 1250, some imperial and Hohenstaufen possessions became available for the taking after Emperor Frederick II had died. Henry II grabbed some of these land and managed round off his territory.
For several years, he supported Count Rudolph of Habsburg in his disputes against the bishops of Basel and Strasbourg. In 1273, he supported Rudolph in his bid to become King of the Romans. He also supported Rudolph in his dispute against the main line of the Margraves of Baden. During the war against Bohemia, Henry II fought on the imperial side in the decisive Battle on the Marchfeld.
He was a patron of the monasteries Tennenbach and Adelhausen.
Henry II abdicated in 1289, and joined the Teutonic Knights.

## Marriage and issue

Henry II was married to Anne, a daughter of Count Rudolph II of Üsingen-Ketzingen. They had the following children:
* Henry III, his successor as Margrave of Baden-Hachberg
* Rudolf I, the first Margrave of Hachberg-Sausenberg
* Frederick, who also joined the Teutonic Knights
* Verena, married Egino I, Count of Fürstenberg
* Herman I, joined the Knights Hospitaller
* Kunigunde, a nun at Adelhausen
* Agnes, married Walter of Reichenberg
* Elisabeth, also a nun at Adelhausen
# Züli Aladağ

Züli Aladağ (born 2 January 1968, Van, Turkey) is a German film director, film producer, and screenwriter. He is of Kurdish and Turkish descent.

## Biography

Aladağ immigrated to Germany in 1973 and grew up in Stuttgart. After a short theatre study in Munich, he completed a six-month internship at Roland Emmerich's Moon 44 in Stuttgart. There, he followed numerous collaborators in shorts, advertisements, plays and documentary films as a production assistant, recording manager and director assistant. Later, he worked as an editor and co-director for documentary TV series. Since 1993, he has worked as a producer, and since 1995, he has been working as a freelance filmmaker on documentary films and feature films. He is often the author of his own books. He graduated from the Academy of Media Arts in Cologne in the summer of 1999.
His 2005 controversial drama, Rage (2006), was awarded several times.
In 2008, he directed a series of episodes of the television series Die Anwälte and KDD – Kriminaldauerdienst.
Aladağ is the founder of the Young European Cinema initiative. The filmmaker was married, from 2002 to 2012, to Feo Aladağ, with whom he founded his own film production company with in 2006. Since 2002, Aladağ has lived in Berlin.

## Exhibitions

* 2010/2011: Die Anderen, Ausstellungsreihe Labor Berlin 3 in the Haus der Kulturen der Welt

## Awards

* 1999: Prize of North Rhine-Westphalia for Film
* FFA-Kurz film prize for "Short Tiger 2000"
* 2001: Wilhelm Bitter Prize
* "Special recognition" by the German Academy of Performing Arts at the Baden TV Film Festival 2006 for the entire production team of Rage
* 2007: Golden Camera Award by Hörzu for Rage.
* 2007: Grimme-Preis for Rage
* 2007: GLAAD Media Award for Rage
* 2010: Deutscher Filmpreis for producing When We Leave

## Filmography (selection)

* 1991/1992: Freispiel – Acting, recording
* 1992: The Parrot [de] – Recording
* 1997: Hör dein Leben – Director, producer, scriptwriter, editor
* 1997: Zoran – Director, scriptwriter
* 1999: Bevor der Tag anbricht – Director, scriptwriter, editor
* 1999: Der Ausbruch – Director, scriptwriter, editor
* 1999: Enter – Producer
* 2001/2002: Elephant Heart – Director, scriptwriter
* 2003: Tatort – Mutterliebe [de] – Director, scriptwriter
* 2004: Die Türken kommen (Documentary film)
* 2005: Tatort – Erfroren – Director
* 2006: Rage – Director
* 2010: When We Leave – Producer
* 2010: Countdown – Die Jagd beginnt – Director (two episodes)
* 2010–2011: Der Kriminalist – Director (four episodes), scriptwriter (one episode)
* 2013: 300 Words of German, 300 Worte Deutsch [de] – Director, scriptwriter
* 2014: Die Fahnderin [de] – Director
* 2015: Tatort – Schwerelos – Director
* 2016: Tatort – Im gelobten Land – Director
* 2016: NSU German History X: The Victims [de] – Director

## Performances

* 2012: Neden? (Warum?), UA: Januar 2012 Ballhaus Naunynstraße, Berlin-Kreuzberg
# Guildwood Estates

Guildwood Estates is a sub neighbourhood within the Alta Vista area of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It can be broadly described as south of Kilborn Ave., west of the Walkley-Kilborn greenspace, east of Parkland and north of Heron Road. The population of this area according to the Canada 2011 Census was 3,179. However, maps usually show Guildwood Estates as the western section of this area, while the eastern half is the neighbourhood of Urbandale Acres. Guildwood Estates is newer, having mostly been built in the early 1970s, while Urbandale Acres was built in the 1960s.
In 1969, residents opposed the construction of what became the Herongate Mall. The Ontario Municipal Board sided with developers Queens Grove Development Limited and construction was allowed to proceed. After 20 years of decline, the traditional indoor shopping mall was thoroughly redeveloped by Trinity Development Group starting in 2013. Nearly all of the existing mall was torn down and new buildings built on a standalone box store model.
Included in Guildwood Estates is Featherston Drive Public School, but the area is highlighted by its middle-class housing developed mainly during the 1960s and 1970s. Recent development projects have been completed on Virginia Dr., but with limited space left for new houses there is likely to be little more construction of homes in the near future.
This neighbourhood borders Grasshopper Hill Park, City of Ottawa Greenspace, as well as Featherston Park.

## Schools

Featherston Drive Public School was built in 1963-64. Despite being incomplete, the school greeted its first students on 3 February 1964 in four classes and the kindergarten. The remainder of the school, including the shop and gymnasium, were completed in time for the 1964-65 school year. The school remains open to this day (2015).
In 1968-69, the Ottawa Separate School Board purchased the land and built Cardinal-Léger school on Virginia Drive. The French Separate primary school was one of ten Separate schools closed by the Board in 1984 due to low attendance. Approximately 170 students were transferred to Ste. Geneviève school, also in Alta Vista. The school property was used by the French-language board for several years to operate a variety of programs before being sold to developers. The building was then torn down to make way for the town houses around Manorhill Private road.
# Perioperative medicine

Perioperative medicine is the medical care of patients from the time of contemplation of surgery through the operative period to full recovery. Perioperative care may be provided by an anesthesiologist, intensivist, internal medicine generalist or hospitalist working with surgical colleagues.

## Background

Perioperative medicine encompasses the care of the patient preparing for, having and recuperating from surgery. In the practice of perioperative medicine the surgeon, anesthesiologist, intensivist and medical consultant work in concert. The medical knowledge distinct to this field includes that of operative risk and complications, of patient specific risks, of methods to reduce risk, and of the management of medical illness during this time period. Evidence supporting best practices in perioperative medicine is expanding, though historically this field has been directed by common practice and experience. It remains a field governed primarily by the art of medicine.
Notably, in the last decade, there has been a concerted effort by various anesthesia representative bodies to incorporate greater teaching into management of patients during the perioperative period. Specifically, annual summits have been held in the UK and US for a number of years, various courses exist to encourage this field of medicine and there is a PubMed listed journal dedicated to the field of Perioperative Medicine.
# 2003 Jade Solid Gold Awards

The 2003 Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation (Chinese: 2003年度十大勁歌金曲頒獎典禮) was held in January 2004. It is part of the Jade Solid Gold Best Ten Music Awards Presentation series held in Hong Kong.

## Corruption incident

In 2003 Hong Kong's anti-corruption unit ICAC launched an investigation on TVB as a number of people have been bribing the music industry to win awards. Some of the individuals arrested include Juno Mak, and his father, Clement Mak, who was the chairman of CCT Telecom. Probes were launched after murmurings that TV execs, music company bosses & a singer & his father were involved in backroom dealings that gave music awards not according to merit but on personal connections. Juno was booed by the public when accepting the award. Juno, his father and other industry figures including EEG chairman Albert Yeung were arrested at some stage.

## Top 10 song awards

The top 10 songs (十大勁歌金曲) of 2003 are as follows.
| Song name in Chinese | Artist |
| 如果有一天 | Andy Lau |
| 兩個人的幸運 | Gigi Leung |
| 我不會唱歌 | Hacken Lee |
| 我的驕傲 | Joey Yung |
| 可惜我是水瓶座 | Miriam Yeung |
| 她比我醜 | Kelly Chen |
| 一步一生 | Andy Hui |
| 十面埋伏 | Eason Chan |
| 七友 | Edmond Leung |
| 下一站天后 | Twins |

## Additional awards

| Award | Song (if available for award) | Recipient |
| The most popular new artist (最受歡迎新人獎) | - | (gold) 2R |
| - | - | (silver) Deep Ng |
| - | - | (bronze) Don Li |
| Most popular online song (最受歡迎網絡金曲獎) | 必殺技 | (gold) Leo Ku |
| - | 身外情 | (silver) Anthony Wong |
| - | 半成年 | (bronze) Shine |
| The most popular commercial song (最受歡迎廣告歌曲大獎) | 落地開花 | (gold) Candy Lo |
| - | 貪你可愛 | (silver) Cookies |
| - | 口袋情人 | (bronze) Sky |
| Most popular mandarin song (最受歡迎國語歌曲獎) | 看透 | (gold) Karen Mok |
| - | 什麼都不怕 | (silver) Miriam Yeung |
| - | 期待 | (bronze) Hins Cheung |
| The best group song (最受歡迎合唱歌曲獎) | 特別鳴謝 | (gold) Jade Kwan, Edwin Siu |
| - | 好心好報(合唱版) | (silver) Alex Fong, Stephy Tang |
| - | Kiss Kiss | (gold) EO2, Tiffany Lee (李蘢怡) |
| Most popular self-composed singer (最受歡迎唱作歌星) | - | (gold) Nicholas Tse |
| - | - | (silver) Ronald Cheng |
| - | - | (bronze) Patrick Tang |
| Outstanding performance award (傑出表現獎) | - | (dual gold) Yumiko Cheng, Jordan Chan |
| - | - | (bronze) Bobo Chan |
| Rising star song (新星試打金曲獎) | La La 世界 | Boy'z |
| Most popular adapted song award (最受歡迎改編歌曲演繹大獎) | 戒男 | Juno Mak, Emme Wong |
| The best compositions (最佳作曲) | 我的驕傲 | Joey Yung |
| The best lyrics (最佳填詞) | 失戀王 | Wyman Wong, performed by Jordan Chan |
| The best music arrangement (最佳編曲) | 傷逝 | Eric Kwok, performed by Sally Yeh |
| The best song producer (最佳歌曲監製) | 安靜 | Jay Chou |
| Community chest charity award (公益金慈善金曲大獎) | 有誰共鳴 | Andy Lau, Kelly Chen |
| Four channel award (四台聯頒傳媒大獎) | - | Twins, Joey Yung |
| Jade solid gold honours award (十大勁歌金曲榮譽大獎) | - | Richard Lam |
| Asian Pacific most popular Hong Kong male artist (亞太區最受歡迎香港男歌星獎) | - | Andy Lau |
| Asian Pacific most popular Hong Kong female artist (亞太區最受歡迎香港女歌星獎) | - | Kelly Chen |
| The most popular male artist (最受歡迎男歌星) | - | Hacken Lee |
| The most popular female artist (最受歡迎女歌星) | - | Joey Yung |
| Gold song gold award (金曲金獎) | 我的驕傲 | Joey Yung |
# Ross Highway

Ross Highway is a road in the Northern Territory, Australia located to the south of Alice Springs.
The highway runs from the Stuart Highway in the Alice Springs suburb of Ross in an easterly direction to Ross River where its name changes to Arltunga Road before terminating at Arltunga Historical Reserve in the locality of Hart about 90 kilometres (56 mi) east of Alice Springs.
From west to east, it provides vehicular access to Yeperenye /Emily and Jessie Gaps Nature Park, the community of Amoonguna, Corroboree Rock Conservation Reserve, Trephina Gorge Nature Park, Ross River Resort, N'Dhala Gorge Nature Park and Arltunga Historical Reserve.
The highway is sealed from the Stuart Highway to Ross River and is unsealed for the remainder of its length. It is maintained by the Department of Infrastructure, Planning & Logistics.
The highway was named in 1987 after John Ross, an explorer of Central Australia, whose name has also been given to Ross River. Part of the highway is an existing road which was previously named as Emily Gap Road.

## Major intersections

The only major intersection on this road is with the Stuart Highway (National Route 87) in the Alice Springs suburb of Ross.
# Helga Helgesen

Helga Bernhardine Helgesen (16 March 1863 – 30 March 1936) was a Norwegian domestic science teacher and politician for the Liberal Party.

## Early life and education

She was born in Hønefoss as a daughter of Ole Helgesen (1827–1910) and Anne Mathea Alme (1824–89). Her father was a merchant in Hønefoss city as well as a paternalistic industrialist. She spent her youth both in the city, and at the nearby farm Alme in Norderhov which belonged to the maternal branch of the family.
Helgesen finished middle school at Nissen Girls School in 1880. She was a governess for four years before taking a teachers' education in 1885.

## Career

She was hired as a primary school teacher at Tøyen in 1885, then at Kampen in 1886.
Helgesen was a member of Norwegian Association for Women's Rights and Hjemmenes Vel (from 1934: the Norwegian Housewives' Association). Both these organizations were proponents of a better education in the domestic sciences. Helgesen became personally engaged in such issues, especially while working and living at Kampen. She started a voluntary school kitchen education at Kampen School for both boys and girls, and studied German literature on domestic science (Marie Clima's 1889 book Haushaltungskunde) and also travelled to Germany. In 1890 she studied in Scotland on a scholarship.
Together with Dorothea Christensen and Henriette Schønberg Erken, Helgesen has been credited with forming the "first wave" of domestic science pioneers in Norway. In 1893 Helgesen and Christensen issued the cookbook Kogebog for folkeskolen og hjemmet. In 1898 she was hired as school kitchen inspector in Kristiania, a position she held until 1904. In 1908 school kitchens became mandatory for Norwegian schools.
At the same time, the Norwegian State College for Domestic Science Teachers was established at Ringstabekk (in 1909). Helgesen was active in the groundwork at the new college. In 1910, 1912 and 1915 she was the state inspector for the domestic sciences, and from 1917 to her retirement in 1925 she was the state inspector of school kitchens. A new book with Dorothea Christensen followed in 1911, Husstel for fortsættelsesskoler, realskoler, ungdomsskoler, lærerskoler og skolekjøkkenkurser for voksne. From 1923 to 1925 she served as a member of Kristiania city council.

## Awards and honours

She received the King Oscar II Gold Medal in 1897.

## Personal life and legacy

She did not marry. She died in March 1936 in Oslo. A statue of her has been erected at Kampen School, and a square (formerly a street) in Oslo has been named after her.
# Xander Ketrzynski

Xander Ketrzynski (born January 27, 2000) is a Canadian volleyball athlete, competing in the indoor discipline.

## Career

In 2020, Ketrzynski signed a contract to play in Qatar. Ketrzynski competed for the Canadian team as part of the 2024 FIVB Men's Volleyball Nations League. In July 2024, Ketrzynski was named to Canada's 2024 Olympic team.

## Personal life

Xander Ketryznski along with his two brothers attended York Mills Collegiate Institute in Toronto, Canada.
For post secondary education, Ketrzynski attended Toronto Metropolitan University.
# North Kesteven Council Offices

The North Kesteven Council Offices, formerly County Offices, Sleaford, is a municipal structure in Lafford Terrace, Sleaford, Lincolnshire, England. The structure, which is currently used as the headquarters of North Kesteven District Council, is a Grade II listed building.

## History

The structure was originally commissioned as a row of houses known as Lafford Terrace. The name chosen for the terrace recalled the Rural Deanery of Lafford which had surrounded Sleaford. The terrace was designed by the local firm of architects, Kirk and Parry, in the Italianate style, built in coursed stone with ashlar dressings and was completed in 1856.
The design involved a symmetrical main frontage of 23 bays facing southwest with the central block and end blocks projected forward as pavilions. The central block of five bays featured a portico formed by Doric order columns supporting arches with keystones and an entablature. The end blocks of two bays each featured bay windows on the ground floor, and the bays just before the end blocks, which were slightly projected forward, featured round headed doorways. The remainder of the building was fenestrated with round headed windows with architraves and keystones on the ground floor, with segmentally headed windows with architraves and keystones on the first floor and, in the case of the central block and the end blocks which incorporated an extra floor, with square headed windows with architraves on the second floor. At roof level, the connecting blocks of six bays each featured round headed dormer windows, and the whole structure was surmounted by a modillioned cornice and a hip roof.
Residents in the terrace included Mary Wedd, the first mistress of Sleaford Art School, who lived at No. 6 Lafford Terrace. Following the implementation of the Local Government Act 1888, which established county councils in every county, it became necessary to find offices and a meeting place for Kesteven County Council. The county council initially established its offices in Jermyn Street and council meetings were held on an alternating basis between venues in Grantham and Sleaford. However, by the mid-1920s, councillors found this arrangement unsatisfactory and, in 1925 bought Lafford Terrace for conversion and use as its permanent headquarters. The building was offices rather than the council's meeting place; plans to add a council chamber to the building were considered but not pursued, and council meetings continued to be held alternately at Grantham Guildhall and Sessions House, Sleaford throughout the council's existence.
The county council was abolished when the newly-formed Lincolnshire County Council was formed at the County Offices in Lincoln in 1974. The building then became the offices of North Kesteven District Council, who shortly afterwards added a council chamber to the building.
# Jessica Cecchini

Jessica Cecchini is an Italian model and beauty pageant titleholder who the winner of the Miss Universo Italia 2010 pageant that was held at the Teatro Antico Greco-Romano in Taormina, Sicily on 1 July 2010. For the first time ever, the pageant streamed via webcast worldwide on twww.tv. Jessica beat out 27 other contestants and won the right to represent Italy at the Miss Universe 2010 pageant in Las Vegas, Nevada, where she failed to advance to the Top 15. No Italian woman has ever won the Miss Universe crown, but the number of semifinalists and finalists (including 1st runners-up Daniela Bianchi in 1960 and Roberta Capua in 1987) makes Italy statistically the most successful country never to have won the pageant.
Jessica stands 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m) and she's a Pisces. She's a student at the Istituto Tecnico Salute Individuale and she enjoys music and volleyball. Her dream is to someday work in the fashion industry or in show business.
# Orthopole

In geometry, the orthopole of a system consisting of a triangle ABC and a line ℓ in the same plane is a point determined as follows. Let A ′, B ′, C ′ be the feet of perpendiculars dropped on ℓ from A, B, C respectively. Let A ′′, B ′′, C ′′ be the feet of perpendiculars dropped from A ′, B ′, C ′ to the sides opposite A, B, C (respectively) or to those sides' extensions. Then the three lines A ′ A ′′, B ′ B ′′, C ′ C ′′, are concurrent. The point at which they concur is the orthopole.
Due to their many properties, orthopoles have been the subject of a large literature. Some key topics are determination of the lines having a given orthopole and orthopolar circles.

## Literature

* Orthopole=Ортополюс. In Russian
# Narain Swamy

Venkatraman Narayan Swamy pronunciation (23 May 1924 in near Kozhikode, Kerala – 1 May 1983 in Dehra Dun, India) was an Indian Test cricketer.
Swamy made his Test debut against New Zealand in 1955/56 and played in the first match of the series. He opened the bowling with Dattu Phadkar, took no wickets, did not bat, and was dropped. India tried out different opening bowling pairs in every match of that series.
Swamy started his first-class career with five wickets in an innings in each of his first two matches. He played for Services in the Ranji Trophy from 1951/52 to 1958/59 and took 58 wickets at an average of 19.98.
Swamy did his studies in Madras. He joined the army in 1944 and retired as a major. After his retirement he was on the staff of the Regiment of Artillery association in the Nasik road camp. He was first Kerala-born cricketer to play Tests.
# Peperomia wrayi

Peperomia wrayi is a species of plant from the genus Peperomia. It was discovered by Casimir de Candolle in the Malaya Peninsula.
# Pills vs. Planes

The Pills Versus Planes EP is the debut release from Bloomington, Indiana-based instrumental group, Ativin.

## Track listing

* "I Know One-Hundred Things" – 5:30
* "King's Ship" – 5:15
* "Mass" – 4:20
* "Metallic Boy" – 1:17
* "Meditational Flaws" – 7:23