OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pichelswerder

Pichelswerder is a river island located in the Havel River within the Berlin district of Wilhelmstadt, which is part of the Spandau district.

## Location

Pichelswerder Island is located between Pichelssee (Lake Pichels) and Stößensee (Lake Stößensee), both of which are connected by the Havel River. The island is bordered to the north by Tiefwerder Wiesen, and to the northeast by Kleiner Jürgengraben and Hauptgraben. The interior of the island is a wooded nature reserve, characterized by the presence of old oak and pine trees. The shores of the island are primarily utilized by rowing and sailing clubs. Moreover, Pichelswerder is home to one of the twelve designated dog walking areas in Berlin, situated on both sides of the Heerstraße.

## History

Pichelswerder was discovered in the middle of the 19th century by the people of Spandau and Berlin as a popular excursion destination. Several well-known excursions inns were established on the island, including Wilhelmshöhe, Königgrätzer Garten (now known as Siemenswerder), Wirtshaus zum Freund, and Wirtshaus Rackwitz. The large hall of the Rackwitz Inn later served as a film and television studio after World War II.
In 1879, an erratic boulder was discovered on Pichelswerder in a longitudinal depression running from north to south near the western locales on the Havel River. The local residents dubbed this stone the Wendischer Opferaltar (Wendish sacrificial altar). However, the erratic block on its wall base was lost around 1950.
In 1882, a pontoon bridge was built across the Stößensee, providing access to the restaurants for a "sixer." Furthermore, multiple ferries were in operation to facilitate transportation to and from Pichelswerder. With the construction of the Heerstraße between 1903 and 1911, Pichelswerder was connected to neighboring Pichelsdorf in the west through the Freybrücke (Frey Bridge) and to Charlottenburg in the east via the Stößensee Bridge.
Prior to its incorporation into Greater Berlin in 1920, Pichelswerder was an independent estate district in the district of Osthavelland. According to the 1910 census, the estate district had 39 inhabitants. Although plans were made for a Pichelswerder National Park in the 1910s and a Reichsehrenmal Pichelswerder in the 1920s, both were never realized. Additionally, the buildings for a World's Fair planned by the National Socialists for 1950 on the site were never built.

## In folklore

In some versions of the Schildhorn saga, Pichelswerder is depicted as the starting point of the escape of the Slav prince Jaxa von Köpenick from Albrecht the Bear through the Havel to the Schildhorn in the founding year of the Mark Brandenburg in 1157.
# Pierce–Birkhoff conjecture

In abstract algebra, the Pierce–Birkhoff conjecture asserts that any piecewise-polynomial function can be expressed as a maximum of finite minima of finite collections of polynomials. It was first stated, albeit in non-rigorous and vague wording, in the 1956 paper of Garrett Birkhoff and Richard S. Pierce in which they first introduced f-rings. The modern, rigorous statement of the conjecture was formulated by Melvin Henriksen and John R. Isbell, who worked on the problem in the early 1960s in connection with their work on f-rings. Their formulation is as follows:
    For every real piecewise-polynomial function $f\colon \mathbb {R} ^{n}\rightarrow \mathbb {R}$, there exists a finite set of polynomials $g_{ij}\in \mathbb {R} [x_{1},\ldots ,x_{n}]$ such that $f=\sup _{i}\inf _{j}(g_{ij})$.
Isbell is likely the source of the name Pierce–Birkhoff conjecture, and popularized the problem in the 1980s by discussing it with several mathematicians interested in real algebraic geometry.
The conjecture was proved true for n = 1 and 2 by Louis Mahé.

## Local Pierce–Birkhoff conjecture

In 1989, James J. Madden provided an equivalent statement that is in terms of the real spectrum of $A=R[x_{1},\ldots ,x_{n}]$ and the novel concepts of local polynomial representatives and separating ideals.
Denoting the real spectrum of A by $\operatorname {Sper} A$, the separating ideal of α and β in $\operatorname {Sper} A$ is the ideal of A generated by all polynomials $g\in A$ that change sign on $\alpha$ and $\beta$, i.e., $g(\alpha )\geq 0$ and $g(\beta )\leq 0$. Any finite covering $\mathbb {R} ^{n}=\bigcup _{i}P_{i}$ of closed, semi-algebraic sets induces a corresponding covering $\operatorname {Sper} A=\bigcup _{i}{\tilde {P}}_{i}$, so, in particular, when f is piecewise polynomial, there is a polynomial $f_{i}$ for every $\alpha \in \operatorname {Sper} A$ such that $f|_{P_{i}}=f_{i}|_{P_{i}}$ and $\alpha \in {\tilde {P}}_{i}$. This $f_{i}$ is termed the local polynomial representative of f at $\alpha$.
Madden's so-called local Pierce–Birkhoff conjecture at $\alpha$ and $\beta$, which is equivalent to the Pierce–Birkhoff conjecture, is as follows:
    Let $\alpha$, $\beta$ be in $\operatorname {Sper} A$ and f be piecewise-polynomial. It is conjectured that for every local representative of f at $\alpha$, $f_{\alpha }$, and local representative of f at $\beta$, $f_{\beta }$, $f_{\alpha }-f_{\beta }$ is in the separating ideal of $\alpha$ and $\beta$.
# Piercing (novel)

Piercing is a novel by Ryu Murakami. Originally published in Japanese in 1994, it was translated and published in English by Bloomsbury Publishing in 2008. An American film adaptation starring Christopher Abbott and Mia Wasikowska, directed by Nicolas Pesce, was released in 2019.

## Overview

Piercing is set in Tokyo and follows Kawashima Masayuki trying to come to terms with his overwhelming desire to stab his infant child with an ice pick. He resolves to divert the impulse into an unsuspecting prostitute. However, as he begins to execute his meticulous crime everything, including his past, begins to unravel.

## Critical reception

"...a haunting Japanese version of a David Lynch nightmare" - Chris Petit, Guardian Book Review.
"Far from being a cheap gorefest, ‘Piercing’ handles its violence with controlled aplomb, making it seem a natural by-product of Tokyo’s economic dominance. The result is a brief and convincing narrative of a crime and its motivations. With simple language and vividly evoked images, the novel looks at a single moment of horror from every angle." - Ed King, Time Out Book Review.
# In-Betweener

The In-Betweener is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by Jim Starlin, the character first appeared in Warlock #9 (1975).

## Publication history

The character first appeared in Warlock (1972) #9, where he viewed Thanos as a figure disrupting the natural order. This was followed by Doctor Strange (1974) #28. He then appeared in Warlock #10 (December 1975) and was created by Jim Starlin.

## Fictional character biography

The In-Betweener is a cosmic entity who represents duality and serves fellow conceptual beings Master Order and Lord Chaos, although his loyalty is usually to himself rather than to them. Throughout his appearances, he battles Adam Warlock and Doctor Strange before being imprisoned as punishment for rebelling against his masters.
He is later freed by Thanos, who secretly desires the Soul Gem in his possession. Thanos then steals the gem and abandons the In-Betweener to face the wrath of Master Order and Lord Chaos, who discover he has escaped his prison.
The In-Betweener later appeared as a pawn of the villain Scorpio, a member of the criminal organization Zodiac. Scorpio, however, was stopped by the superhero team the Avengers and the In-Betweener was subsequently freed.
The In-Betweener also appeared in an alternate dimension of Earth-957.
In Time Runs Out, the Beyonders are revealed to have killed Order, Chaos, the In-Betweener, and other abstract entities across the multiverse. However, the In-Betweener was later revealed to be the mastermind behind Libra's attempt at destroying Earth, and more specifically, Starbrand.
After the universe is restored, Order and Chaos kill the Living Tribunal and force the In-Betweener to fuse them into a new cosmic being named Logos who can replace him. However, they are later separated by Black Panther's astral form.

## Powers and abilities

As the physical embodiment of the cosmic balance between Order and Chaos, the In-Betweener can manipulate cosmic energy to alter reality to achieve nearly any effect or ability within his influence as the synthesis of duality. He is, however, under the absolute control of Master Order and Lord Chaos as his creators. The In-Betweener's other major (and unique) ability is to analyze a target and then direct energy towards it in a "polar opposite" form, which is instantly fatal.
Alternatively, if he cannot personally synthesize the "opposite energy" necessary to eliminate an opponent, he can directly summon that enemy's opposite being, and eliminate them that way; using the power granted to him in his station as a cosmic force, he once even summoned and forced Death itself to destroy the Elders of the Universe, even though it had, at an earlier point, refused to ever let them die again as a punishment. The In-Betweener finds that he is unable to use either of his special abilities on Galactus, however, and he believes that this is because he is Galactus's metaphysical counterpart and opposite.
# Papyrus Hood

Papyrus Hood is a hieratic papyrus from the time of 21st Dynasty Pharaoh Amenemope, 993–984 BC. The papyrus is at the British Museum, (no. BM EA 10202), and is a cursive hieratic manuscript which contains a copy of the Onomasticon of Amenope. This Third Intermediate Period work is known from eight other fragmentary copies, and relates back to the late New Kingdom era.
It is notable that the papyrus is an onomasticon, but it also lists words that are not known from any other sources, yet their meanings are known (i.e. 'snow').
# Pierre Brechet

Pierre Brechet (occitan Pèire Brechet, b. 22 May 1956) is an Occitan teacher, scholar, and activist, living in Marseille. Since 2010 he is the president of the Institut d'Estudis Occitans.

## Publications

* Elie Lèbre, Guy Martin, Bernard Moulin, Dictionnaire de base français-provençal, 2nd edition revised by Bernard Moulin and Pierre Brechet, Aix-en-Provence: CREO Provença, 2004, ISBN 2-7449-0522-4
* Guy Martin; Bernard Moulin; Pierre Bréchet, Grammaire provençale et cartes linguistiques, Aix-en-Provence: Comitat Sestian d'estudis occitans, 1998, ISBN 2-7449-0043-5
* Pierre Brechet, Vocabulari provençau en images - Estructuras basicas, Toulon: Institut d'Estudis Occitans - Seccion de Var, 1988
* Pierre Brechet, Manuau pratic de lectura e prononciacion, Toulon: Institut d'Estudis Occitans - Seccion de Var
* Pierre Brechet, Communiquer en occitan provençal. Des mots aux idées, des idées aux mots, Aix-en-Provence: CREO Provença, 2017, ISBN 9782953071283
# ParaSail (programming language)

Parallel Specification and Implementation Language (ParaSail) is an object-oriented parallel programming language. Its design and ongoing implementation is described in a blog and on its official website.
ParaSail uses a pointer-free programming model, where objects can grow and shrink, and value semantics are used for assignment. It has no global garbage collected heap. Instead, region-based memory management is used throughout. Types can be recursive, so long as the recursive components are declared optional. There are no global variables, no parameter aliasing, and all subexpressions of an expression can be evaluated in parallel. Assertions, preconditions, postconditions, class invariants, etc., are part of the standard syntax, using a Hoare-like notation. Any possible race conditions are detected at compile time.
Initial design of ParaSail began in September 2009, by S. Tucker Taft.
Both an interpreter using the ParaSail virtual machine, and an LLVM-based ParaSail compiler are available. Work stealing is used for scheduling ParaSail's light-weight threads. The latest version can be downloaded from the ParaSail website.

## Description

The syntax of ParaSail is similar to Modula, but with a class-and-interface-based object-oriented programming model more similar to Java or C#.
More recently, the parallel constructs of ParaSail have been adapted to other syntaxes, to produce Java-like, Python-like, and Ada-like parallel languages, dubbed, respectively, Javallel, Parython, and Sparkel (named after the Ada subset SPARK on which it is based). Compilers and interpreters for these languages are included with the ParaSail implementation.

## Examples

The following is a Hello world program in ParaSail:
The following is an interface to a basic map module:
Here is a possible implementation of this map module, using a binary tree:
Here is a simple test program for the BMap module:
# Piergiuseppe Vacchelli

Piergiuseppe Vacchelli (born 4 February 1937) is the current adjunct secretary emeritus of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples and president of the Pontifical Mission Societies since his retirement was accepted by Pope Benedict XVI on 26 June 2012. He previously served as under-secretary of the Italian Episcopal Conference and chairman of its Charitable Assistance for the Third World.

## Early life

Vacchelli was born in Longardore di Sospiro in 1937. From 1948 to 1961 he attended the minor and then the major seminary of the Diocese of Cremona, into which he was incardinated as a cleric. His priestly ordination was on 27 May 1961.
From late 1961 to autumn 1963, he exercised his priestly ministry in the Parish of St. John Cross. He was sent to Rome in 1963 for studies in Canon Law at the Pontifical Gregorian University. He was awarded the JCL and returned to his diocese in 1967. In that year he was appointed to the pastoral service of the Parish of St. Peter in Cremona. In 1973 he was appointed secretary of the Bishop and, from 1975, also chancellor, a post he held until 1986. In 1986 he was appointed Pro-Vicar General of the diocese. From 1990 to 1993 he acted as Secretary General of the Diocesan Synod. In 1993 he was appointed parish priest and canon of the Cathedral of Cremona.

## Adjunct Secretary

Over the years he taught canon law and religion in the diocesan seminary at the School of Science and Letters Institute. From October 1996 he held the office of undersecretary of the Italian Episcopal Conference and chairman of its committee for charitable aid for developing countries. He was appointed adjunct secretary of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples in 2008 and at the same time Titular Archbishop of Minturnae, receiving episcopal ordination on 3 July from Cardinal Secretary of State Tarcisio Bertone, S.D.B.
He knows French, Spanish and English.
# Pietro di Giampietro

Pietro di Giampietro (born 1709 – active after 1750) was an Italian painter of the late-Baroque period in Basilicata.
He was born in Brienza. His older brother, Leonardo, was also a painter. Pietro is known for his fresco decoration (1743–1744) of the church of San Francesco in San Martino d'Agri. His brother painted a Deposition once found in the former convent dell'Annunziata in Brienza, as well as frescoes in the church of Santa Maria degli Angeli in that town. Pietro painted frescoes in the convent dell'Annunziata (1740) in Brienza. He also painted a Life of St Joseph and Christ (1750) for the chiesa di San Giuseppe, Brienza. In the parish church of Laurenzana he painted a polyptych mural and decorated the ceiling with Evangelists and Doctors of the Church. In Cirigliano, in the Formica Chapel, he painted a Via Crucis.
# 1999 Categoría Primera B season

The 1999 Categoría Primera B season, (officially known as the 1999 Copa Águila for sponsorship reasons) was the 10th season of Colombia's second division football league. Real Cartagena won the tournament for the first time and was promoted to the Categoría Primera A. Julián Vásquez, playing for Itagüí, was the topscorer with 21 goals.

## Teams

16 teams take part in the season. The previous season's champions Deportivo Pasto was promoted to Primera A for the 1999 season. Deportivo Unicosta, who were relegated from Primera A at the end of the 1998 season, did not take part of the tournament. After finishing last in the 1998 season, Real Floridablanca was relegated to Categoría Primera C. Univalle did not take part of the tournament. Cúcuta Deportivo changed its name to Cúcuta 2001 and Lanceros Boyacá changed its name to Lanceros Fair Play. Atlético Popayán, Palmira, Soledad were the debuting teams for this season.
| Team | City | Stadium |
| Alianza Petrolera | Barrancabermeja | Daniel Villa Zapata |
| Atlético Córdoba | Cereté | Alberto Saibis Saker |
| Atlético Popayán | Popayán | Ciro López |
| Bello | Bello | Tulio Ospina |
| Cooperamos Tolima | Ibagué | Manuel Murillo Toro |
| Cúcuta 2001 | Cúcuta | General Santander |
| Deportivo Pereira | Pereira | Hernán Ramírez Villegas |
| Deportivo Rionegro | Rionegro | Alberto Grisales |
| El Cóndor | Bogotá | El Campincito |
| Escuela Carlos Sarmiento Lora | Popayán | Estadio Ciro López |
| Girardot | Girardot | Luis Antonio Duque Peña |
| Itagüí | Itagüí | Metropolitano Ciudad de Itagüí |
| Lanceros Fair Play | Tunja | La Independencia |
| Palmira | Palmira | Francisco Rivera Escobar |
| Real Cartagena | Cartagena | Jaime Morón León |
| Soledad | Soledad | Romelio Martínez |
* Categoría Primera B 1999 champion
* Real Cartagena 1st title
# Pilocrocis angulifera

Pilocrocis angulifera is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by George Hamilton Kenrick in 1912. It is found in Papua New Guinea.
# Paromita Banerjee

Paromita Banerjee is an Indian fashion designer and a member of the Fashion Design Council of India.

## Education

She studied at the National Institute of Design (NID), Ahmedabad, India and thereafter received a scholarship from Konstfack University of Art and Culture in Stockholm.

## Work

Her work is primarily influenced by the concept of “hand-made” handloom fabrics. Her major assignment was for “Handmade in India” in Himachal Pradesh - a project collaboration of DCH and NID.

## Passion

Other than her work, her true passion in life is photography. It was her passion for photography that marked her foray into the fashion designing field.
# Parque Hundido

Parque Hundido (official name is Parque Luis G. Urbina) is an urban park located in Benito Juárez, Mexico City.

## Background

Its site was occupied by the brick-making company Ladrillera Nochebuena from the mid 19th century until the beginning of Porfiriato, when the brick company moved away and the site became an empty depression. By 1910, several species of trees were planted, creating the Nochebuena forest (Bosque de la Nochebuena). The area has been populated since late 18th century. However, the area was a collection of small towns and was, at that time, far away from Mexico City itself. In the late 1930s, having paved and widened Avenida de los Insurgentes, the city government decided to use the beautiful setting of the forest to create a new park. Its layout comprised gardens, walkways, a dual jai-alai/fronton court, and fountains for visitors to enjoy. In the late 1940s, when modern urbanization began around the park, it became known as the "Chinese Park", since its landscaping evoked Chinese gardens, but this changed in 1972, when several reproductions of archaeological pieces were placed in various parts of the park, though the layout was barely modified. Six walking routes were traced: the highlands, the Zapotec, Mayan, Olmec, Totonac, and Huastec, with artistic reproductions of precolombian stone work; each route was marked with a distinctively colored line on the floor. Today, these routes are used by runners and joggers.

## Features

The main attraction is a floral clock, created by a prestigious watchmaker Relojes Centenario. It is located at the center of the park, near a flag pole (the highest point in the park) and at the end of a wide staircase that leads to Avenida de los Insurgentes via a small plaza named Plaza Dolores del Río, a tribute to one of the great divas of Hollywood and the Golden Age of Mexican cinema.
There is also an audiorama for up to 141 people, surrounded by lush vegetation, suitable for listening to classical music and poetry. It hosts a free cineclub that screens classic and contemporary Mexican and international film and events such as conferences, bingo games, some small-scale plays, workshops or jazz festivals.
A special area is reserved for off-leash dogs. A chess area and some concrete seating structures are also found in the park. In recent years, the children's playground was upgraded, EcoBici stations were added, a bike track was added and a restrooms were added. The park is home to a large number of birds, squirrels and lizards. There are also a large number of cats which are fed and kept inside the park.
The corner of Insurgentes Avenue and Porfirio Díaz Avenue, which is also part of the park, has been a busy rush-hour crossing since the Mexico City Metrobús opened in 2006, and includes a fountain and a statue of Vicente Guerrero on a horse, that was a gift from the State of Guerrero to Mexico City. This corner has, since the 1970s, been a meeting point for weekly Sunday bike rides. The AC Bicycletero Movement meets under the statue of the hero of Independence of Mexico, and under the name of Biciperros still perform Sunday walks that are free to all.
# Parque Familiar Julio Enrique Monagas

Parque Familiar Julio Enrique Monagas (English: Julio Enrique Monagas Family Park) is Puerto Rico's largest passive park. It is located in barrio Bucaná, Ponce, Puerto Rico, on the banks of the Bucaná and Portugués rivers. The park was named after Julio Enrique Monagas, "the father of Puerto Rican Olympic sports". In November 2017, the park was severely damaged by Hurricane Maria and, as of today (January 2021), remains closed.

## Location

The park is located in barrio Bucana, at the merging of Rio Portugues and Rio Bucana, off PR-2 (Ponce By-pass). The park was built at a cost of over $3 million.

## History

The park was created under the administration of Ponce mayor Rafael Cordero Santiago. It initially consisted of 80 acres (320,000 m$^2$) of land and lakes. It was subsequently expanded to 125 acres (0.51 km$^2$). It opened in 1994 under the administration of mayor Rafael Cordero Santiago and was considerably enlarged in October 2008 under the administration of mayor Francisco Zayas Seijo. It was built during the administration of Mayor Rafael Cordero Santiago. At the moment of its inauguration in 1994, it was the largest passive park in the Caribbean.
The park was severely damaged by Hurricane Maria in September 2017 and, as of November 2019, remained closed. In April 2019 the USACE removed debris and, upon completion, the Government of the Municipality of Ponce proceeded to perform cleanup activities. In late September 2019, mayor Mayita announced the allocation of $3.9 USD million for the reconstruction of the park. The funds, however, were to be shared with reconstruction of Teatro La Perla, Complejo Recreativo de La Guancha, Centro Ceremonial Indígena de Tibes, Plaza del Mercado Isabel II, and Complejo Acuático Víctor Vasallo.

## Amenities

The family-oriented park had paddle boats, picnic areas with gazebos, exotic birds, skate park and various playgrounds for children and a Ridable miniature railway.