OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Perron's irreducibility criterion

Perron's irreducibility criterion is a sufficient condition for a polynomial to be irreducible in $\mathbb {Z} [x]$—that is, for it to be unfactorable into the product of lower-degree polynomials with integer coefficients.
This criterion is applicable only to monic polynomials. However, unlike other commonly used criteria, Perron's criterion does not require any knowledge of prime decomposition of the polynomial's coefficients.

## Criterion

Suppose we have the following polynomial with integer coefficients
    $f(x)=x^{n}+a_{n-1}x^{n-1}+\cdots +a_{1}x+a_{0},$
where $a_{0}\neq 0$. If either of the following two conditions applies:
* $|a_{n-1}|>1+|a_{n-2}|+\cdots +|a_{0}|$
* $|a_{n-1}|=1+|a_{n-2}|+\cdots +|a_{0}|,\quad f(\pm 1)\neq 0$
then $f$ is irreducible over the integers (and by Gauss's lemma also over the rational numbers).

## History

The criterion was first published by Oskar Perron in 1907 in Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik.

## Proof

A short proof can be given based on the following lemma due to Panaitopol:
Lemma. Let $f(x)=x^{n}+a_{n-1}x^{n-1}+\cdots +a_{1}x+a_{0}$ be a polynomial with $|a_{n-1}|>1+|a_{n-2}|+\cdots +|a_{1}|+|a_{0}|$. Then exactly one zero $z$ of $f$ satisfies $|z|>1$, and the other $n-1$ zeroes of $f$ satisfy $|z|<1$.
Suppose that $f(x)=g(x)h(x)$ where $g$ and $h$ are integer polynomials. Since, by the above lemma, $f$ has only one zero with modulus not less than $1$, one of the polynomials $g,h$ has all its zeroes strictly inside the unit circle. Suppose that $z_{1},\dots ,z_{k}$ are the zeroes of $g$, and $|z_{1}|,\dots ,|z_{k}|<1$. Note that $g(0)$ is a nonzero integer, and $|g(0)|=|z_{1}\cdots z_{k}|<1$, contradiction. Therefore, $f$ is irreducible.

## Generalizations

In his publication Perron provided variants of the criterion for multivariate polynomials over arbitrary fields. In 2010, Bonciocat published novel proofs of these criteria.
# Mystechs

Mystechs (sometimes referred to as The Mystechs) is an electronic/punk music group formed in 1998 in Chicago, Illinois. The band's lineup consists of keyboardist/songwriter Emil Hyde joined by a host of other musicians and collaborators. Their music covers a wide range of genres from indie rock to new wave, hip hop and heavy metal. The Mystechs began as an electronica group, gradually incorporating other genres to their sound. Hyde says of the band, "Mystechs began as a nice, normal, female-fronted trip-hop group like Portishead or Esthero".
Formed in 1999, the Mystechs have issued CDs and DVDs on the independent Omega Point label. The CDs are 1999's Fantaseed, 2000's Dark Age Disco, 2001's Unholy Land, 2002's Showtime at the Apocalypse, 2003's City Folk, 2004's Jook Een Dah, 2005's Warriors & Warlocks, 2006's Escape From Planet Love, and 2007's Hot Tub o' Blood.
The DVDs are Legend of the Buick Brothers, Warriors & Warlocks: The Movie, and 2007's Escape From Planet Love: The Motion Picture.
The Mystechs have toured with Aviador Dro and Rick Johnson Rock N' Roll Machine, among other groups.
# Uranophora albiplaga

Uranophora albiplaga is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1854. It is found in Mexico, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Venezuela, Ecuador and Brazil.
# Our Kind of Soul

Our Kind of Soul is the seventeenth studio album by Hall & Oates, released in 2004. The album contains three original tracks and 14 covers of soul hits of the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. It is mostly acoustic with some electric guitar and synthesizers. It covers a number of their favorite soul songs.
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |

## Track listing

* "Let Love Take Control" (Hall, Oates, Billy Mann) - 3:29
* "Standing in the Shadows of Love" (Lamont Dozier, Eddie Holland, Jr., Brian Holland) - 3:59
* "I'll Be Around" (Thom Bell, Phil Hurtt) - 4:02
* "Used to Be My Girl" (Kenny Gamble, Leon Huff) - 4:00
* "Soul Violins" (Hall, Greg Bieck) - 4:05
* "I Can Dream About You" (Dan Hartman) - 3:16
* "Don't Turn Your Back on Me" (Hall) - 4:50
* "Fading Away" (Warren "Pete" Moore, Smokey Robinson, Robert Rodgers) - 3:39
* "Neither One of Us" (Jim Weatherly) - 4:19
* "After the Dance" (Marvin Gaye, Leon Ware) - 4:11
* "Rock Steady" (Aretha Franklin) - 4:04
* "Love TKO" (Gip Noble, Cecil Womack, Linda Womack) - 5:20
* "What You See Is What You Get" (Anthony Hester) - 4:30
* "Can't Get Enough of Your Love" (Barry White) - 3:48
* "You Are Everything" (Thom Bell, Linda Creed) - 3:55
* "I'm Still in Love with You" (Al Green, Al Jackson, Jr., Willie Mitchell) - 4:06
* "Ooh Child" (Stan Vincent) - 3:51
* "Without You" [Non-US Bonus Track] (Tom Evans, Pete Ham) - 4:23

## Personnel

* Daryl Hall – lead and backing vocals, keyboards, acoustic guitar, string arrangements and conductor (7)
* John Oates – lead and backing vocals, electric guitar
* Greg Bieck – keyboards, synth strings, drum programming, sequencing
* Tom "T-Bone" Wolk – acoustic guitar, electric guitar, bass guitar

### Additional personnel

* David Sancious – backing vocals (3), keyboards (4, 8, 11, 16)
* Bobby Eli – electric guitar (3, 4, 12, 14)
* Jeff Catania – electric guitar (6, 8)
* Steve Jordan – drums (6, 8, 11, 14)
* Charles DeChant – horns (8, 11, 16)
* Lenny Pickett – horns (8, 11, 16)
* David Spinozza – string arrangements and conductor (1–6, 8–17)
* Stephanie Cummins – cello (1–4, 7, 17)
* Sarah Hewitt-Roth – cello (1–4, 7, 17)
* Cenovia Cummins – violin (1–4, 7, 17)
* Carol Pool – violin (1–4, 7, 17)
* Robert Shaw – violin (1–4, 7, 17), concertmaster (1–4, 7, 17)

## Production

* Produced and Arranged by Daryl Hall, John Oates and Greg Bieck.
* Engineered and Mixed by Greg Bieck
* Assistant Engineer – Sean Price
* Additional Engineering – Dave O'Donnell, Peter Moshay and Jamie Rosenberg.
* Recorded at A-Pawling Studios (Pawling, NY), Great Divide Studios (Aspen, CO) and The Clubhouse (Los Angeles, CA).
* Mastered by Bob Ludwig at Gateway Mastering (Portland, ME).
* Drum and Studio Technician – Art Smith
* Design Coordinator – Kathy Phillips
* Cover Photo – Elliot Lewis
* Other Photography – Lynn Goldsmith and Justin Wilson
* Track Notes – David Wild

## Charts

| Chart (2004) | Peak position |
| US Independent Albums (Billboard) | 4 |
# Virgil Macey Williams

Virgil Macey Williams (October 29, 1830 – December 18, 1886) was an American painter, and the director of the San Francisco School of Design (now known as San Francisco Art Institute). In 1872, he co-founded the San Francisco Art Association with Juan B. Wandesforde.
Students of Williams included Harry Stuart Fonda, John Marshall Gamble, amongst others.
# William Adam (artist)

William Constable Adam (29 August 1846 – 17 October 1931) was an English-born oil and watercolour painter of Scottish ancestry who spent the last 33 years of his life in California, United States.

## Biography

Adam was born just south of his paternal Scotland in Tweedmouth on the outskirts of Berwick-upon-Tweed in 1846.
After completing grammar school, he began evening classes at the Glasgow School of Art. According to the 1861 Census, he resided in Cathcart, now a suburb of Glasgow, with his large family; his occupation was given as "clerk." At the age of 19 he traveled to South America, studied art in Buenos Aires, worked as a broker in Montevideo, and in 1926 published a serialized travelogue of his adventures. On his return to Scotland (early 1870s) he continued his art training under Robert Greenlees and Robert Brydall, and was an early member of the Glasgow Art Club. After travels in north Africa and advanced training in Paris under Auguste Joseph Delécluse, he exhibited at the Royal Scottish Academy and the Royal Glasgow Institute of Fine Arts.
Following the death of his wife, Ada Rebecca Robertson (1857-1940), the childless William Adam migrated to the United States in 1893–94, settled in Massachusetts, joined the Boston Art Club, and was co-founder and president of the Lowell Art Club.
In 1898-99 he relocated to California and worked as an accountant for a mining company before moving permanently to the Monterey Peninsula. By 1901 he resided in the Methodist colony of Pacific Grove, California, began to display his paintings locally, and received an invitation to exhibit in San Francisco, California at the prestigious W. K. Vickery Gallery. After changing addresses twice he occupied in 1906 the Pacific Grove home at 450 Central Avenue with his new wife, Mary Susan Taft, who was a Maine-born widow and 18 years younger than her husband. Because he taught art class in Pacific Grove, he was known affectionately as "The Professor."
He exhibited at a variety of venues, including the Berkley Art Association in Berkeley, California, the Art Gallery at the luxury Hotel Del Monte in Monterey, California, and many private galleries in San Francisco. He spent much of his time at the nearby art colony of Carmel-by-the-Sea where he exhibited at the Carmel Arts and Crafts Club and the Carmel Art Association between 1906 and 1927. Especially popular with tourists were his (often repeated) renderings of the local Spanish architecture, lush gardens and charming scenes along the Pacific Coast. For competitive exhibitions he executed highly original landscapes which employed the bold dramatic brushwork of the French Impressionists.

## Death

William Adam died in Pacific Grove on 17 October 1931. His Central Avenue address has been restored by the local Heritage Society.
# Nesanel Quinn

Nesanel Hakohen Quinn (1910 – 7 February 2005) was a Haredi Jewish rabbi and educator. He was connected with Yeshiva Torah Vodaas in Brooklyn, New York, for nearly 80 years, rising to menahel (director).

## Biography

Quinn's parents, Zalman Pinchas and Devorah Miriam Quinn, originally from Dvinsk, Latvia, emigrated to the United States where they had five children.
Quinn was a pupil at Yeshiva Torah Vodaas (the elementary school) and a student in the first class of Mesivta Torah Vodaath, founded by Rabbi Shraga Feivel Mendlowitz in 1926.
Quinn also learned under Rabbi Dovid Leibowitz, Rosh Yeshiva of Torah Vodaath. When Leibowitz left to start his own yeshiva, Yeshivas Rabbeinu Yisrael Meir HaKohen, Nesanel Quinn took charge of Torah Vodaath, along with Rabbi Gedalia Schorr.
In 1965 Quinn, along with Rabbi Zelik Epstein, established Camp Ohr Shraga, the successor to Mendlowitz's Camp Mesivta, which was the home of many American Gedolim during the summer months.
He died on 7 February 2005 (28 Shevat 5765) and was buried in the Monsey cemetery.
# Ukraine's 122nd electoral district

Ukraine's 122nd electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada constituency in Lviv Oblast, Western Ukraine. Established in its current form in 2012, it includes Yavoriv Raion and Zhovkva Raion. The district is home to 178,460 registered voters, and has 205 polling stations. Its member of parliament has been Pavlo Bakunets of the Self Reliance party since 2019.

## People's Deputies

| Party | Member | City | Election |
| Batkivshchyna | Vasyl Pazyniak | Zavadiv | 2012 |
| Independent | Volodymyr Parasyuk | Maidan | 2014 |
| Self Reliance | Pavlo Bakunets | Yavoriv | 2019 |

## Elections
### 2019

2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Self Reliance | Pavlo Bakunets | 13,438 | 14.8% |
| | Holos | Vitaliy Andreyko | 12,360 | 13.7% |
| | Independent | Roman Demchyna | 9,820 | 10.8% |
| | Civil Position | Andriy Duma | 9,639 | 10.6% |
| | SN | Andriy Shumskyi | 8,008 | 8.8% |
| | YeS | Ihor Camardak | 7,732 | 8.5% |
| | Svoboda | Mykola Zinko | 6,058 | 6.7% |
| | Batkivshchyna | Yevhen Rybchynskyi | 4,408 | 4.9% |
| | Rukh | Petro Shot | 3,996 | 4.4% |
| | Independent | Ihor Muravsky | 2,930 | 3.2% |
| | Others | | 12,141 | 13.3% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 90,530 | 100.0 |
| | Self Reliance gain from Independent | Self Reliance gain from Independent | Self Reliance gain from Independent | Self Reliance gain from Independent |

### 2014

2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Independent | Volodymyr Parasyuk | 69,281 | 56.6% |
| | Petro Poroshenko Bloc | Taras Voznyak | 12,484 | 10.2% |
| | Batkivshchyna | Oleksandr Pavlyuk | 12,465 | 10.2% |
| | Independent | Ivan Bokalo | 10,177 | 8.3% |
| | Independent | Volodymyr Pekar | 6,745 | 5.5% |
| | Independent | Iryna Vereshchuk | 5,469 | 4.5% |
| | People's | Olha Davyd | 2,662 | 2.2% |
| | Independent | Lyudmyla Shubina | 1,435 | 1.2% |
| | Independent | Bohdan Kasper | 747 | 0.6% |
| | Zastup | Artur Sheshenya | 551 | 0.4% |
| | KPU | Viktor Harshyn | 471 | 0.4% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 122,487 | 100.0 |
| | Independent gain from Batkivshchyna | Independent gain from Batkivshchyna | Independent gain from Batkivshchyna | Independent gain from Batkivshchyna |

### 2012

2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Batkivshchyna | Vasyl Pazynak | 66,195 | 55.9% |
| | Independent | Taras Kozak | 43,305 | 36.5% |
| | Independent | Serhiy Savulyak | 2,664 | 2.2% |
| | Independent | Hryhoriy Babiy | 1,253 | 1.1% |
| | Party of Regions | Volodymyr Bosyi | 989 | 0.8% |
| | Our Ukraine | Serhiy Smishchik | 837 | 0.7% |
| | People's | Hanna Zhuk | 702 | 0.6% |
| | Independent | Bohdan Yakymovych | 530 | 0.4% |
| | KPU | Viktor Harshyn | 508 | 0.4% |
| | Independent | Ihor Hlova | 457 | 0.4% |
| | Others | | 1,050 | 0.9% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 118,490 | 100.0 |
| | Batkivshchyna win (new seat) | Batkivshchyna win (new seat) | Batkivshchyna win (new seat) | Batkivshchyna win (new seat) |
# Ouret

Ouret is a genus of flowering plants in the amaranth family Amaranthaceae, found in Africa, Madagascar, many of the Indian Ocean islands, the Arabian Peninsula, the Indian Subcontinent, Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, New Guinea, China (including Hainan and Taiwan), and the Philippines.

## Species

Currently accepted species include:
* Ouret congesta (Balf.f. ex Baker) Kuntze
* Ouret coriacea (Schinz) T.Hammer
* Ouret glabrata (Hook.f.) Kuntze
* Ouret humbertii (Cavaco) T.Hammer
* Ouret lanata (L.) Kuntze
* Ouret leucura (Moq.) Kuntze
* Ouret sanguinolenta (L.) Kuntze
* Ouret triangularifolia (Cavaco) T.Hammer
# Michael W. Perry

Michael Ward Perry is the host, of the Perry & The Posse show on KSSK-FM in Honolulu, Hawaii. He also hosts the Hawaiian Moving Company television show on KGMB in Honolulu.

## Biography

Perry was born in Michigan, but grew up in Arlington, Virginia and Washington, D.C., working in the Pentagon. In 1969, he received a B.S. in Psychology from Michigan State University, then served as a Navy Lieutenant in the Pacific Submarine Force.
Perry launched his radio career during his last two years of college. As he recalls, "I was a disc jockey by night, a student by day." In 1972, he moved to Hawaii, joining KKUA and later KSSK (known as K59 at the time), working the afternoon drive-time slot. After Hal "Aku" Lewis died in 1983, KSSK moved Perry to the morning slot and paired him with Larry Price.

## The Hawaiian Moving Company

The Hawaiian Moving Company had started as a disco dance show hosted by radio personality Kamasami Kong before switching to an entertainment magazine format with Perry as host and executive producer. The first segment he taped was an interview with Tom Selleck and John Hillerman on the set of "Magnum, P.I.", which aired for eight years.

## Other Shows

Other shows that Perry has been on include One West Waikiki, Jake and the Fatman, Baywatch Hawaii and the mini-series Blood and Orchids. In the 1999 film Molokai: The Story of Father Damien, Perry had a small role as royal physician Georges Phillipe Trousseau.
# Moran language

Moran (Morān) is an extinct Boro-Garo language which was spoken in Assam in Northeast India (mostly Tinsukia district) and related to Dimasa language. The census returned 78 speakers in 1901, 24 in 1911 and none in 1931, and the only source of this language exists in a 1904 article by P R Gurdon. The speakers of this language have shifted to the Assamese language. The name "Moran" reportedly means 'forest dweller'.

## Family

mother - aai
father - aabai
man - sadai
woman - saisi
boy - sadaira
girl - saisira
father's father - deuta
father's mother - aaboi
respected/friend - oi u
person - sadai
elder person - sadaira

## Numerals

1 - Sē
2 - Ne
3 - Sām
4 - Biri
5 - Bāha
6 - Do
7 - Sini
8 - Sak
9 - Saku (zi-kho)
10 - Ti

## History

According to the research W.B. Brown, the original language of the Morans was a Kachari language. During the medieval period (13th-16th century), the Morans as well as Chutias after coming in contact and becoming partially assimilated by the invading Shans, resorted to speaking the lingua franca, which was a mixture of their native tongue and Prakrit. This process of transition gave rise to the Moran language, which over time was again replaced by a modern form of Assamese which had a greater influence of Prakrit. Some elders of the community stated that the ancient Moran language was also known as Bodo ruchi. The Morans now are found mostly in the Tinsukia district. They were greatly migratory due to jhumming or shifting cultivation even during the colonial era. They gradually migrated north from their original location to Tipam and Charaideo, where the first Tai immigrants met them; this move was probably due to spread of wet-rice cultivation. When the British arrived in the 19th century, the area between Dibrugarh and Sadiya was mostly virgin forests and the chief habitat of the Morans. In the early part of Ahom rule, they were employed in menial capacities as hewers of wood and drawers of water. During the later part of Ahom rule, they were found in areas like Kakotal, Mariani, Holongapar, and Jhansi, where they chiefly worked as Kapahiya (cotton-growers), which demonstrates their scattering around the south bank of the Brahmaputra with the expansion of the Ahom kingdom.
The Moran as well other Kacharis word for water is "Di", which apparently forms the first syllable of all major rivers of Upper Assam including Dibang, Disang, Dikhou, Dikrong, Dikarai, Dihing, Digaru, Difolu, Dimow, Disoi, and so on; this shows that the group were the dominant tribe in the entire region with their seat in Sadiya, the earliest known power and civilisation of Chutias. They were probably the eastern Kachari branch which became isolated during the ahom rule.
# Medullary command nucleus

The medullary command nucleus (MCN), also called the pacemaker nucleus, is a group of nerve cells found in the bodies of weakly electric fish. It controls the function of electrocytes by regulating the frequency of electrical impulses. Signals originating in the MCN are transmitted to electrocytes, where changes in ion concentration cause electrical charges to be generated. The nucleus both sends and receives signals, thereby acting as a regulator and central processor for the electro sensors in the fish's body. Inputs into the MCN originate in the mesencephalic precommand nucleus, thalamic dorsal posterior nucleus, and toral ventroposterior nucleus. All of these nuclei have dense projections into the MCN, with the exception of the Toral Ventroposterior nucleus, which contain only a ventral edge projection.
# Nam Nhou Special District

Nam Nhou is a district of Bokeo Province, Laos.
# My Intuition

My Intuition (Chinese: 曖昧; pinyin: Ai Mei; lit. 'Ambiguous') is the debut Mandarin studio album by Taiwanese recording artist Rainie Yang. It was released by Sony Music Taiwan on 9 September 2005. Commercially, it sold more than 1 million copies in East and Southeast Asia.

## Background and release

The literal translation of the Chinese title "曖昧" suggests that a man and woman are involved romantically but the status or nature of their relationship has not been clarified to each other or to others, and therefore in an ambiguous state.

## Songs

The album contains ten tracks, two of which are featured in Taiwanese drama, Devil Beside You (Chinese: 惡魔在身邊), as well as the Mandarin version of "True Blue", the theme song for Astro Boy. A second edition of the album was released on 11 November 2005 that included a VCD with five music videos.

## Commercial performance

The album was awarded one of the Top 10 Selling Mandarin Albums of the Year at the 2005 IFPI Hong Kong Album Sales Awards, presented by the Hong Kong branch of International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI).

## Track listing

* "乖不乖" Guai Bu Guai (Obedient Or Not)
* "曖昧" Ai Mei (Ambiguous) - ending theme song Devil Beside You
* "理想情人" Li Xiang Qing Ren (Ideal Lover) - insert song Devil Beside You
* "只想愛你" Zhi Xiang Ai Ni (Just Wanna Love You)
* "單眼皮" Dan Yan Pi (Single Eyelid)
* "習慣" Xi Guan (Habit)
* "不見" Bu Jian (Disappear)
* "愛情的顏色" Ai Qing De Yan Se (Color Of Love)
* "True Blue" - Astro Boy theme song
* "下一次微笑" Xia Yi Ci Wei Xiao (Next Time Smiling)

## Music videos

* "乖不乖" (Obedient Or Not) MV
* "曖昧" (Ambiguous) MV
* "理想情人" (Ideal Lover) MV
* "只想愛你" (Just Wanna Love You) MV
* "單眼皮" (Single Eyelid) MV
* "習慣" (Habit) MV
* "不見" (Disappear) MV
* "愛情的顏色" (Color Of Love) MV
* "下一次微笑" (Next Time Smiling) MV

## Charts

| Chart (2005) | Peak position |
| Taiwanese Albums (G-Music) | 1 |

## Sales and certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Taiwan (RIT) | Platinum | 160,000 |
| Summaries |||
| Asia | — | 1,000,000 |
# Muslim Socialist Bloc

The Muslim Socialist Bloc was a political party in Transcaucasus/Azerbaijan. The party was formed in the fall of 1917, as an Azeribaijani offshoot of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party. The main leaders of the party were Aslan bey Safikurdski and Ibrahim Haidarov. The Muslim Socialist Bloc had a predominantly agrarian party, with a loose organizational structure.
The party obtained 159,770 votes in the 1917 Russian Constituent Assembly election.
When the South Transcaucasian Seim was formed in 1918, the Muslim Socialist Bloc held seven seats: Ibrahim Haidarov, Ali Khan Kantemirov, Aslan Bey Safikurdski, Ahmad Jovdat Pepinov, Baghir Rzayev, Jamo Hajinski and Mahammad Maharramov.
# Mythimna martoni

Mythimna martoni is a moth in the family Noctuidae. It is found in Taiwan, China and India.
# Moran Township

Moran Township may refer to:
* Moran Township, Michigan
* Moran Township, Todd County, Minnesota
* Moran Township, Richland County, North Dakota, in Richland County, North Dakota
# USS Sacramento

The name USS Sacramento has been borne by three ships in the United States Navy. The first was named for the Sacramento River, the second for the Sacramento, California and the third for both.
* The first USS Sacramento (1862) was a sloop, launched in 1862 and wrecked in 1867.
* The second USS Sacramento (PG-19) was a gunboat, commissioned in 1914 and decommissioned in 1946.
* The third USS Sacramento (AOE-1) was the lead ship of Sacramento-class fast combat support ships, commissioned in 1964 and decommissioned in 2004.