OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zhang Bangchang

Zhang Bangchang (Chinese: 張邦昌; Wade–Giles: Chang Pang-ch'ang; 1081 – 1 November 1127), was a puppet ruler of Da Chu and a prime minister of the Song dynasty. He was executed by Emperor Gaozong of Song after he surrendered.

## Early life

Before he became a puppet ruler, he was a prime minister serving the Song dynasty.

## Reign
### Formation of Da Chu

The Jin leadership had not expected or desired the fall of the Song dynasty. Their intention was to weaken the Song in order to demand more tribute, and they were unprepared for the magnitude of their victory. The Jurchens were preoccupied with strengthening their rule over the areas once controlled by Liao. Instead of continuing their invasion of the Song, an empire with a military that outnumbered their own, they adopted the strategy of "using Chinese to control the Chinese".

### Enthronement

The Jin hoped a proxy state would be capable of administering Northern China and collecting the annual indemnity without requiring Jurchen interventions to quell Anti-Jin uprisings. Instead of directly annexing the conquered Song territories, the Jin dynasty formed the buffer state of Chu in 1127. Zhang, a former prime minister of the Song dynasty, was installed as emperor of the new dynasty. He refused to wear the formal clothing of the emperor outside of his encounters with Jin officials. The offer of enthronement was too attractive for Zhang to resist, but he had reservations about his new role. Jiankang, modern Nanjing, became the capital of Chu. The support of Empress Dowager Yuanyou, who was dismissed as empress by her former spouse Emperor Zhezong, was enlisted to bolster the legitimacy of the puppet government.
Unfortunately, Da Chu did not deter the resistance in Northern China, but the insurgents were motivated by their anger towards the Jurchens' looting rather than by a sense of loyalty towards the inept Song court. A number of Song commanders, stationed in towns scattered across northern China, retained their allegiance to the Song, and armed volunteers organized militias opposed to the Jurchen military presence. The insurgency hampered the ability of the Jin to exert control over the north.

### Downfall and death

The Da Chu was abolished when Zhang and Empress Dowager Yuanyou agreed to recognize Emperor Gaozong as the new ruler of the revived Southern Song. Zhang submitted to Gaozong, but was sentenced to death by being coerced into suicide on November 1, 1127. Gaozong ordered the execution under pressure from Li Gang, his chief councilor, who opposed diplomatic reconciliation with the Jin and wanted Zhang executed for collaborating with the Jurchen government.

## Legacy

The elimination of Zhang and the Chu buffer state infringed on the treaty that the Jin and Song had negotiated. The Jin then recommenced their war with the Song. The invasion was hampered by the ongoing insurgency by Song loyalists in Northern China.
# James P. Herman

James P. Herman is an American neuroscientist.
He graduated from Hobart College with a bachelor's degree and completed his doctorate at the University of Rochester, followed by a fellowship at the University of Michigan's Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute. He joined the University of Kentucky faculty as an associate professor, where he served as James and Barbara Holsinger Chair of Anatomy and Neurobiology. In 2000, Herman moved to the University of Cincinnati. He was named Donald C. Harrison Endowed Chair in Medicine at UC in 2014, and a distinguished research professor in 2016. The University of Cincinnati elected to merge its Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics with the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology in July 2017, and Herman was named chair of the Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, as well as Flor Van Maanen Professor of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics in August 2018.
# Hanap

"Hanap" is an obsolete, Norman-French term for a large drinking-goblet, made of precious material such as gold or silver, and used especially on state occasions.

## In literature

1. Old London Silver, Its History, Its Makers and Its Marks by Montague Howard (1903): "hanap or Standing Cup (1616) Height, 25 inches At St. John's College, Cambridge A radical departure was made in the form of the standing cup of the second ..."
2. Proceedings and Ordinances of the Privy Council of England by Great Britain Privy Council, edited by Sir Nicholas Harris Nicolas, Great Britain Record Commission, England and Wales Privy Council (1834): "Item un autre hanap dargent par tout ... It j. autre hanap dargent playne ove j. tayle entour le ..."
3. In Notes and Queries, contribution by Martim de Albuquerque (1850): "The hanap frequently occurs in wills and inventories of the thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries. In the will of Lady Clare, 1355*,— "Je devise a ..."

## Resources

* http://www.lexic.us/definition-of/hanap
# Vesey Dawson, 2nd Earl of Dartrey

Vesey Dawson, 2nd Earl of Dartrey (22 April 1842 – 14 June 1920), styled Viscount Cremorne between 1866 and 1897, was an Irish Liberal politician.

## Family and early life

Dawson was the eldest child of Richard Dawson, 1st Earl of Dartrey (then Lord Cremorne), and his wife, Augusta Stanley, daughter of Edward Stanley and Lady Mary Maitland. He became known by the courtesy title Viscount Cremorne in July 1866 upon his father's elevation to an earldom. Educated at Eton College, he later became a captain and, later still, a lieutenant-colonel in the Coldstream Guards, retiring from the British Army in 1876. In 1882, the then Lord Cremorne married Julia Georgiana Sarah Wombwell, daughter of Sir George Orby Wombwell and Lady Julia Sarah Alice Child-Villiers. Together, they had three children:
* Lady Edith Anne Dawson (1883–1974)
* Lady Mara Augusta Dawson (1887–1961)
* Richard George Dawson (1890–1894)

## Political career

He was elected in the 1865 general election as one of the two Members of Parliament (MPs) for Monaghan, but stood down at the next general election, in 1868.
Lord Cremorne, as he then was, served as High Sheriff of Monaghan in 1878.
Earl and Countess Dartrey attended the 1903 Delhi Durbar to mark the accession of King Edward VII as Emperor of India.

## Peerage

Viscount Cremorne succeeded as 2nd Earl of Dartrey upon his father's death in May 1897. Upon his own death in 1920, he was succeeded by his brother, Anthony Lucius Dawson, who became 3rd Earl of Dartrey.
As Lord Dartrey, he owned around 25,000 acres of land and was a member of the Travellers' Club on Kildare Street in Dublin.

## Death

Lord Dartrey died at his home, Dartrey Castle in County Monaghan, after a long illness in 1920.
# Polyortha chlamydata

Polyortha chlamydata is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Colombia.
# Pseudancistrus yekuana

Pseudancistrus yekuana is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae.
P. yekuana was described in 2007 by Nathan K. Lujan (of the American Museum of Natural History), Mark H. Sabaj Pérez (of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University), and Jonathan W. Armbruster (of Auburn University) alongside another Pseudancistrus species, P. pectegenitor. Its specific epithet, yekuana, refers to the Ye'kuana people who inhabit parts of Venezuela and Brazil, including the upper Ventuari.

## Distribution

It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Ventuari River upstream of a waterfall known as Salto Tencua in the state of Amazonas in Venezuela. The species is typically found in the main channel of the Ventuari, in areas with torrential sheet flow and a substrate of bedrock. It reaches 4.3 cm (1.7 inches) SL.
# Pseudimbrasia

Pseudimbrasia is a monotypic moth genus in the family Saturniidae described by Pierre Claude Rougeot in 1962. Its only species, Pseudimbrasia deyrollei, described by James Thomson in 1858, is found in the mid-latitudes of Africa.
# Hilda Kari

Hilda Thugea Kari (born Hilda Thugea Auvi in 1949) is a Solomon Islands politician, the first woman to be elected to the National Parliament of Solomon Islands.

## Life

Educated in Australia, she is a senior health administrator, and President of the National Council of Women, an organisation dedicated to encouraging and facilitating women's participation in politics.
She was the first woman to be elected to the National Parliament of Solomon Islands, although Lilly Ogatina was indirectly elected to the Legislative Council in 1965.
She successfully contested the 1989 by-election for the North East Guadalcanal seat caused by MP Waita Ben Tabusasi vacating his seat to become Speaker. She was re-elected, as MP for East Central Guadalcanal, in the 1993 general election, and again in 1997, thus serving until 2001.
She was Minister for Forestry, the Environment and Conservation from 1997 to 2000, under Prime Minister Bartholomew Ulufa'alu; she was the first woman in Cabinet in the country's history. Ulufa'alu resigned in June 2000 after being kidnapped by the Malaita Eagle Force in a context of rising ethnic tensions. Kari then served as Minister for Youth, Women and Sport under his successor Manasseh Sogavare, from 2000 to 2001. She is also recorded as having been briefly Minister for Lands and Housing in 2000, although it is not known whether this was under Ulufa'alu or Sogavare.
She stood unsuccessfully in the 2010 general election for the seat of North East Guadalcanal. Reacting to the fact that no women had been elected, she described the overall result as "a real slap on the face for women in this country", and was particularly critical of women voters who, in her view, displayed a lack of "trust" in women candidates.
# One Month to Live

One Month To Live: Thirty Days To A No Regrets Life is a book by Woodlands Church pastor Kerry Shook and his wife Chris Shook. It was published on February 5, 2008, by WaterBrook Press, a division of Random House. It was a New York Times bestseller.
# Qezel Kand, Afghanistan

Qezel Kand is a village in Balkh Province in northern Afghanistan.
# Näverlapp

The näverlapp ("birch bark patch") is a very primitive Swedish folk instrument consisting of a thin piece of birch bark, two or three centimeters square. This piece, which has a rounded top, is placed between the lip and the lower teeth; when a thin stream of breath is blown over the piece of bark, it produces a clear, strong tone akin to a clarinet but with less range (about one and a half octaves). As the patch of birch becomes soaked with saliva, which it does after a few minutes, it begins to sound worse and worse.

## Recordings

Jan Lundström plays the näverlapp in a few songs on Låtar från Hedemora och Säterbygden on the label Wisa WISC 724 (MC) Recording year: 1990
# New-S

New-S is the sixteenth studio album by Japanese Jazz fusion band T-Square, released in 1991. This album marks the introduction of saxophonist Masato Honda to the band, after Takeshi Itoh left the group.
According to Masato Honda's Twitter, the Merchandise sold at the concerts supporting this album, were a Leather CD Case resembling a map and a pocket watch that looks like a Compass (as in NEWS, North, East, West, South) further underscoring the subtitle on the album cover: "The path we have followed led us to our music. And the path we are following will also lead us to our music."

## Track listing

Sources
# Polyortha chiriquitana

Polyortha chiriquitana is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Panama.
# San Tommaso, Parma

San Tommaso is a Neoclassic-style, Roman Catholic church located on Strada Farini 38 in Parma, region of Emilia-Romagna, Italy.

## History

A church of this name existed for this parish, located outside the walls, prior to 1028. When Parma expelled the occupying French army in 1521, specifically on 21 December 21st which is the feast day of St Thomas, this prompted the city to declare this saint their protector, and gained new patronage for this church. The building was rebuilt in the late 18th century under the direction of Carlo Salvatore Bettoli, who designed the facade. Work continued until the mid-19th century.
Terracotta decorations along Borgo Antini belong to the original church. The church has a single nave with four chapels on each side. A chapel on the left has an altarpiece depicting a Pietà by Antonio Bresciani. The five stained-glass windows, designed in 1933-1935 by Luigi Pilastro from Milan.
The main altarpiece depicts a Nativity with St Joseph and St Thomas, attributed to a young Francesco Mazzola.
# Jakob Hecker

Jakob Hecker (1897 - 1969) was a German landscape painter.

## Biography

Jakob Hecker was born in Stuttgart and worked most of his life in Munich. Before settling in Munich, he mostly painted Black Forest subjects. Later on, he focused on alpine landscapes. His initially detailed and romantic painting style, developed traits of modernism in many of Hecker's later alpine scenes. Some of his paintings have also been reproduced as artistic postcards by several art publishers, in the 1930s and 1940s. The majority of Jakob Hecker's paintings is part of private collections, with some of his works being sold in art auctions.
# Paluma Important Bird Area

The Paluma Important Bird Area consists of the southernmost section of the Wet Tropics World Heritage Site of north Queensland, Australia.

## Description

The geology of the 578 km$^2$ site is dominated by granite and metamorphic rocks, forming a rugged mountainous landscape covered by tropical rainforest and patches of wet sclerophyll forest. Most of it lies over 800 m above sea level. Much of the site has been selectively logged, though the ecological integrity of the area is still largely intact. It supports almost all the high altitude rainforest bird species endemic to Australia's wet tropics, and could serve as an important climate change refuge.

## Birds

The site has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because it is a southern outlier for many species and contains a significant population of the vulnerable southern cassowary. It also supports populations of bush stone-curlews, tooth-billed and golden bowerbirds, lovely fairywrens, Macleay's, white-gaped, yellow, bridled and yellow-spotted honeyeaters, fernwrens, mountain thornbills, chowchillas, Bower's shrike-thrushes, pied monarchs, white-browed and pale-yellow robins, and Victoria's riflebirds.

## Other animals

As with birds the IBA forms the southernmost extent of distribution for many other endemic animals, including the green ringtail possum, the limbless snake-tooth skink, Boyd's forest dragon, the four-fingered shade skink, and the endangered waterfall frog.
# Hartleb

Hartleb is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Dan Hartleb (born 1966), American baseball coach and former catcher
* Hans Hartleb (born 1951), German skier
* Hans Hartleb (director) (1910–?), German opera director
* Rainer Hartleb (born 1944), German-Swedish director of documentary films
# Quilmes Rock

Quilmes Rock is a major Argentine rock festival, held annually from 2002 to 2004, and from 2007 on. It is named after its main sponsor, Cerveza Quilmes brewery. It was held in several venues in Buenos Aires, including the Ferro Stadium and River Plate Stadium.
Several important international rock singers and groups have participated of the festival, along with some of the most notable Argentine rock stars.

## Previous festivals

Former participating bands included Die Toten Hosen, The Wailers, The Offspring, Gustavo Cerati, Los Ratones Paranoicos, Divididos, Memphis, Bersuit Vergarabat, Café Tacuba, Babasónicos, Attaque 77, Los Pericos, Luis Alberto Spinetta, La Mancha de Rolando, Intoxicados, El Otro Yo and several others.

## 2007

Acts in this edition included Aerosmith (attendance at about 150 000 spectators), Placebo, Keane, Evanescence, Velvet Revolver, Bad Religion, The Psychedelic Furs, Los Ratones Paranoicos, Divididos, Babasónicos, Los Piojos, Catupecu Machu, Árbol, and others. Tickets for the 4 days were on sale since January 7, 2007. And tickets for date are on sale since January 29, 2006. On April 1, Ticketek announced that over 200,000 tickets has been sold and are almost sold out for the four days.

## 2008

Day 1: March 30, 2008 Ozzy Osbourne, Korn, Black Label Society.
Day 2: April 4, 2008 Bersuit Vergarabat, Intoxicados, La Vela Puerca.
Day 3: April 5, 2008 Los Piojos, Las Pelotas, No Te Va Gustar, Los Ratones Paranoicos.
Day 4: April 6, 2008 Lenny Kravitz (cancelled), Divididos, Catupecu Machu.

## 2009

Day 1: March 24, 2009 Radiohead - Kraftwerk - La Portuaria.
Day 2: March 28, 2009 Iron Maiden - Sepultura - Lauren Harris Band - Horcas - O Connor.
Day 3: April 4, 2009 Los Piojos - Divididos - Los Cafres - Kapanga - Fidel Nadal.
Day 4: April 5, 2009 Kiss - Ratones Paranoicos - Las Pelotas - Molotov - Massacre.

## 2010

January 21 and 22, 2010. Included Metallica, Horcas, O'Connor, Un Leon D-mente (Leon Gieco and D-Mente) and Héroes del Asfalto.

## 2011

April 5, 2011: The Flaming Lips, Volador G and Massacre.
May 19, 2011: Jack Johnson, Los tipitos, Laura Marling and others.
May 20, 2011: Jamiroquai, Dante Spinetta, Banda de Turistas, No lo soporto and others.
May 21, 2011: Babasónicos, Jauria, Los Cafres, Las Pelotas, Cultura Profetica and others.
May 22, 2011: Bersuit Vergarabat, Ciro y los Persas, Kapanga, Mancha de Rolando, Estelares and others.

## 2012

April 3: Jauria, Joan Jett and the Blackhearts, †††, Band of Horses, MGMT, Foo Fighters
April 4: Massacre, Cage the Elephant, Joan Jett and the Blackhearts, TV on the Radio, Arctic Monkeys, Foo Fighters
April 7: Banda de Turistas, Catupecu Machu, Las Pelotas, Fito Paez, Charly Garcia
# Pagefield

Pagefield Vehicles was a British company manufacturing trucks and tipping gear. It was in business from 1904 to 1966, based with the Walker Brothers engineering firm at the Pagefield Iron Works in Wigan, Lancashire.

## History

The firm was established in 1904 as a general engineering company. In 1907 it produced 2-ton trucks. Between 1913 and 1931 it produced 4 ton trucks and 3.5 ton patented engine-operated tipping gear. A refuse collection vehicle of the 1930s, known as the "Pagefield Prodigy", featured a special short wheelbase chassis designed for operating in restricted spaces. 5-ton trucks were introduced in 1922, and 12-ton trucks, known as "6-trucks", in 1931.
In 1948, the company was reorganised and the name was changed to "Walkers and County Cars". The company ceased trading in 1966.
# Vexillum mirbatense

Vexillum mirbatense is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Oman
# Polyortha glaucotes

Polyortha glaucotes is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Panama.
# Old Salem, Alabama

Old Salem is an unincorporated community in Monroe County, Alabama, United States.
# Putnam County Courthouse

Putnam County Courthouse may refer to:
* Putnam County Courthouse (Florida), Palatka, Florida
* Putnam County Courthouse (Georgia), Eatonton, Georgia, one of Georgia's county courthouses
* Putnam County Courthouse (Illinois), Hennepin, Illinois
* Putnam County Courthouse (New York), Carmel, New York
* Putnam County Courthouse (Ohio), Ottawa, Ohio
* Putnam County Courthouse (West Virginia), Winfield, West Virginia
# Pterolophia fuscosericea

Pterolophia fuscosericea is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1938.
# Palace Sports & Entertainment

Palace Sports & Entertainment (PS&E) is an American sports and entertainment company owned by Tom Gores. Its largest subsidiary is the Detroit Pistons of the National Basketball Association.
The company was founded by Bill Davidson, and traces its roots to Davidson's purchase of the Pistons in 1974. Its current structure dates from 1988, when the Pistons moved to a new arena, The Palace of Auburn Hills. Davidson was company chairman until his death in 2009. His widow, Karen, sold the company to Gores in 2011.
PS&E also owns and/or operates several venues, including the Pine Knob Music Theatre in Clarkston, Michigan, and the Meadow Brook Amphitheatre on the Oakland University.
On October 8, 2017, in the wake of the closure of The Palace of Auburn Hills in favor of Little Caesars Arena, Palace Sports & Entertainment announced a joint venture with Olympia Entertainment, owner of the National Hockey League's Detroit Red Wings. The venture, known as 313 Presents, assumed responsibility for entertainment booking, production, media relations, and promotion of the two companies' venues.
PS&E owned the Tampa Bay Lightning of the National Hockey League, the Asheville Tourists of minor league baseball's South Atlantic League, and the WNBA's Detroit Shock until 2009, when the team was sold to a group of investors from Oklahoma.
PS&E also owned the now-defunct Detroit Safari of the Continental Indoor Soccer League, Detroit Fury of the AFL, and Detroit Vipers of the IHL.
# Harold Scott

Harold Scott may refer to:
* Harold Scott (police commissioner) (1887–1969), commissioner of the London Metropolitan Police from 1945 to 1953
* Harold Scott (actor) (1891–1964), British actor
* Harold Scott (politician) (1894–1961), Canadian politician in Ontario
* Harold Scott (cricketer) (1907–1997), English cricketer
* Harold Scott (director) (1935–2006), American stage director and actor
* Harold Seymore Scott, architect
* Harold "Scotty" Scott, American vocalist with The Temprees
# Pioneer Island

Pioneer Island may refer to:
* Pioneer Island (Nunavut), an island in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.
* Pioneer Island (Russia), an island in the Severnaya Zemlya group in the Russian Arctic.
* An episode of the animated television series Tom Goes to the Mayor.
# Office of the Privacy Commissioner

Office of the Privacy Commissioner may refer to:
* Office of the Australian Information Commissioner
* Office of the Privacy Commissioner for Personal Data (Hong Kong)
* Privacy Commissioner of Canada
** Information and Privacy Commissioner of Ontario
* Privacy Commissioner (New Zealand)
# Polyortha larocae

Polyortha larocae is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Brazil.
# Old Tobe

Old Tobe was the foundation sire of the Rocky Mountain Horse breed. He was owned by Sam Tuttle, and used as a trail horse in Kentucky's Natural Bridge State Park. Old Tobe was gaited, and passed the trait to his offspring.

## Life

Old Tobe was sired by the original Rocky Mountain Horse, an unidentified gaited stallion with a liver chestnut coat and flaxen mane and tail who was brought to Kentucky from the Colorado Rocky Mountains around 1900. He was owned by Sam Tuttle of Spout Springs, Kentucky, who operated the trail riding concession at the nearby Natural Bridge State Park in Powell County, Kentucky. Tuttle was one of the few horse breeders in the area who kept his horses through the Great Depression and second World War; Old Tobe was one of as many as fifty horses that Tuttle owned and used for his trail riding business. Old Tobe was used as a trail horse, often for inexperienced riders, and was gentle enough to be tied next to mares. He also performed an ambling gait. Old Tobe was bred both to mares owned by Tuttle, and outside mares owned by other breeders. His offspring inherited his gait and disposition, and were popular in eastern Kentucky. He sired foals until he was 34, and lived to be 37 years old. He and five of his sons were named as foundation sires when the Rocky Mountain Horse Association was formed in 1986.