OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Otbah

Otbah may refer to:
* Otbah, from the tale Otbah and Rayya from The Book of One Thousand and One Nights
* Otbah, character from Chu Chin Chow, based on Arabian Nights
* Otbah (crater), named after the character from The Book of One Thousand and One Nights
# Ivory Pyramid

Ivory Pyramid is a studio album by American jazz pianist Ramsey Lewis, released in 1992 on GRP Records. It peaked at #7 on the Billboard Contemporary Jazz Albums chart.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
Geoffrey Himes of The Washington Post wrote: "The emphasis is on ballads this time, and Lewis's spare phrases evoke a pretty romanticism fleshed out by his fusion quintet."

## Personnel

* Bass [electric, electric upright] – Charles Webb
* Drums, percussion – Steve Cobb
* Electric guitar, acoustic guitar – Henry Johnson
* Keyboards [electric] – Mike Logan
* Piano – Ramsey Lewis
* Vocals – Abimelec Cruz, Brenda M. Stewart, Elizabeth Withers, Jamie O. Navarro, Jesse Stanford, Kevin C. James, Mario C. Johnson, Morris Stewart, Bobby Lewis, Shannon Tate, Sheila Fuller
* Producers – Carl Griffin, Frayne Lewis, Ramsey Lewis
# Novastoa lamellosa

Novastoa lamellosa is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Vermetidae, the worm snails.
# Portrait of Sheila

Portrait of Sheila is the 1963 debut album of American jazz singer Sheila Jordan, released by Blue Note Records. In the 1963 DownBeat magazine Critics Poll, she was ranked first in the vocal category for "Talent Deserving Wider Recognition". She did not record again as a leader for more than a dozen years.

## Background and music

According to the sleeve notes (written by Nat Hentoff), Alfred Lion of Blue Note decided to record Jordan after hearing her sing at the Page Three Club in Greenwich Village, New York, even though the label "had as a policy not recorded jazz vocalists before".
The album's fourth track, "Dat Dere", showcases Jordan's predilection for performing voice and bass duets. According to biographer Ellen Johnson (author of Jazz Child: A Portrait of Sheila Jordan), Jordan originally wanted to devote Portrait of Sheila entirely to bass and voice, but the idea was turned down by Blue Note.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz | (Core Collection) |
| AllMusic | |
The album received a four-star rating from Billboard magazine in January 1963. The Penguin Guide to Jazz selected the album as part of its "Core Collection" and gave it a rating of four stars (of a possible four). AllMusic gave the album a rating of five stars (of a possible five), with Scott Yanow writing in his review: "Jordan sounds quite distinctive, cool-toned, and adventurous during her classic date. Her interpretations of Oscar Brown, Jr.'s 'Hum Drum Blues' and 11 standards (including 'Falling in Love With Love,' 'Dat Dere,' 'Baltimore Oriole,' and 'I'm a Fool to Want You') are both swinging and haunting." In the AllMusic listings of "Albums of the Year", Portrait of Sheilla is named as one of the highest rated albums of 1963.

## Track listing

* "Falling in Love with Love" (Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart) – 2:31
* "If You Could See Me Now" (Tadd Dameron, Carl Sigman) – 4:32
* "Am I Blue" (Grant Clarke, Harry Akst) – 4:12
* "Dat Dere" (Bobby Timmons) – 2:43
* "When the World Was Young" (M. Philippe-Gérard, Johnny Mercer) – 4:43
* "Let's Face the Music and Dance" (Irving Berlin) – 1:14
* "Laugh, Clown, Laugh" (Sam M. Lewis, Joe Young, Ted Fiorito) – 3:11
* "Who Can I Turn To Now" (Wilder, Engvick) – 3:21
* "Baltimore Oriole" (Hoagy Carmichael, Paul Francis Webster) – 2:34
* "I'm a Fool to Want You" (Jack Wolf, Joel Herron, Frank Sinatra) – 4:55
* "Hum Drum Blues" (Oscar Brown Jr.) – 2:15
* "Willow Weep for Me" (Ann Ronell) – 3:28

## Personnel

* Sheila Jordan – voice
* Barry Galbraith – guitar
* Steve Swallow – bass
* Denzil Best – drums
"Dat Dere" is a Jordan and Swallow duo.
# Šimon Bárta

Šimon Bárta (27 October 1864, Žimutice – 2 May 1940, České Budějovice) was a Czech Roman Catholic bishop.

## Life

Bárta was ordained priest on 16 March 1889 in Rome. After acting as chaplain at Sedlice for a time, he worked as a catechist in České Budějovice and Pelhřimov. After the death of the previous bishop of České Budějovice, on 16 December 1920 Pope Benedict XV appointed Barta as his successor. He was consecrated bishop on 20 February 1921 in the cathedral at České Budějovice by František Kordač, bishop of Prague. In 1938 the Munich Agreement removed Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia. Most of the Germans in that territory were initially managed via an Episcopal Commissariat and with effect from 1 January 1940 the parts of the diocese of České Budějovice lying across the border were divided between the German dioceses of Linz, St. Pölten, Passau and Regensburg, with their diocesan bishops acting as administrators for them. This effectively suspended the diocese of České Budějovice – after Bárta's death it remained vacant until 1947.
# In Concert (Sérgio Mendes album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
In Concert is a live album by Sérgio Mendes & Brasil '77 performed live at the Greek Theatre, Los Angeles. Although recorded in the US, it was not released there and, apart from a 1979 UK Music for Pleasure LP and cassette, has never been reissued.

## Track listing

* "Intro - Viramundo"
* "Going Out Of My Head"
* "Girl From Ipanema"
* "Carnival Medley: Gioco Di Roda / Canto De Ubiratan / After Sunrise"
* "Fool On The Hill"
* "Chelsea Morning"
* "Sometimes in Winter"
* "Mas Que Nada"
* "The Look Of Love"
# Yahalom (protocol)

Yahalom is an authentication and secure key-sharing protocol designed for use on an insecure network such as the Internet. Yahalom uses a trusted arbitrator to distribute a shared key between two people. This protocol can be considered as an improved version of Wide Mouth Frog protocol (with additional protection against man-in-the-middle attack), but less secure than the Needham–Schroeder protocol.

## Protocol description

If Alice (A) initiates the communication to Bob (B) with S is a server trusted by both parties, the protocol can be specified as follows using security protocol notation:
* A and B are identities of Alice and Bob respectively
* $K_{AS}$ is a symmetric key known only to A and S
* $K_{BS}$ is a symmetric key known only to B and S
* $N_{A}$ and $N_{B}$ are nonces generated by A and B respectively
* $K_{AB}$ is a symmetric, generated key, which will be the session key of the session between A and B
$A\rightarrow B:A,N_{A}$
    Alice sends a message to Bob requesting communication.
$B\rightarrow S:B,\{A,N_{A},N_{B}\}_{K_{BS}}$
    Bob sends a message to the Server encrypted under $K_{BS}$.
$S\rightarrow A:\{B,K_{AB},N_{A},N_{B}\}_{K_{AS}},\{A,K_{AB}\}_{K_{BS}}$
    The Server sends to Alice a message containing the generated session key $K_{AB}$ and a message to be forwarded to Bob.
$A\rightarrow B:\{A,K_{AB}\}_{K_{BS}},\{N_{B}\}_{K_{AB}}$
    Alice forwards the message to Bob and verifies $N_{A}$ has not changed. Bob will verify $N_{B}$ has not changed when he receives the message.

## BAN-Yahalom

Burrows􏰂, Abadi􏰂 and Needham proposed a variant of this protocol in their 1989 paper as follows:
$A\rightarrow B:A,N_{A}$ $B\rightarrow S:B,N_{B},\{A,N_{A}\}_{K_{BS}}$ $S\rightarrow A:N_{B},\{B,K_{AB},N_{A}\}_{K_{AS}},\{A,K_{AB},N_{B}\}_{K_{BS}}$ $A\rightarrow B:\{A,K_{AB},N_{B}\}_{K_{BS}},\{N_{B}\}_{K_{AB}}$
In 1994, Paul Syverson demonstrated two attacks on this protocol.
# Cojoba arborea

Cojoba arborea (common names include algarrobo, ardillo, lorito, barba de jolote, iguano, quebracho, sang sang, tamarindo, tambrán, tuburús, and Bahamas sibicú) is a leguminous tree of the family Fabaceae found in the Caribbean, Mexico, and Central America, southward to Ecuador in South America at elevations of 0–1,300 metres (0–4,265 ft). The tree is not common in naturalized forests, but it can be found in open sites and transition zones.

## Description

It can grow 15–18 metres (49–59 ft) tall with a trunk diameter to 50 centimetres (20 in). The curved pod of the mature fruit is reddish-purple and 13–17 centimetres (5.1–6.7 in) long, carrying 4-6 black and/or white ellipsoidal seeds per pod. Leaves are alternate, bipinnate with 8-16 pairs of leaflets, non-serrated, elliptical, 28–42 centimetres (11–17 in) long. leaflets are on average 0.2 centimetres (0.079 in) wide by 4–6 centimetres (1.6–2.4 in) long. Flower inflorescences are white, hermaphroditic, 0.6–0.9 centimetres (0.24–0.35 in) long, with peduncles 5–10 centimetres (2.0–3.9 in) long. The flowering period is from April to June.

## Wood

The cambium is clear and the cortex is a clear-brown color. The wood is heavy but easy to work. The grains are regular but tend to crack when the wood is dry. The lumber is dimensionally stable when dry. It is resistant to attack by insects and very durable. The lumber is used for heavy construction, stakes and posts, fine carpentry, flooring, stairways, plywood sheets, paper manufacture, cabinetry and other applications. The price of the wood is stable and has a tendency to increase in value. The wood is exported to the United States under the name of Bahamas sibucú.

## Silviculture

The seeds are not viable long after pod maturity, with 80% viability after 10 days of storage and 0% viability after 25 days of storage. If the seeds are fresh, 90% of them germinate in soil containing 30% organic matter. Viable seeds germinate 22 days after planting. They tend to tolerate a wide range of pH conditions, from 4.8 to 8.0. Trees can be planted at 5–8 months after seed germination when the roots have extended to the bottom of the growing bags. Plantations need to be started during the rainy season.
# Pompiliodes aliena

Pompiliodes aliena is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1854. It is found in Guatemala and Brazil (Para, Ega).
# Pablo Barrachina Estevan

Pablo Barrachina Estevan (31 October 1912 – 13 October 2008) was a Spanish Bishop of the Roman Catholic Church.
Pablo Barrachina Estevan was born in Jérica, Spain. He was ordained a priest on 13 July 1941 of the Sergorbe Diocese. He was appointed bishop of Orihuela-Alicante Diocese on 31 March 1954 and ordained bishop on 29 June 1954. Pablo Barrachina Estevan retired as bishop of Orihuela-Alicante Diocese on 12 May 1989.
# Otaño

The surname Otaño derives from the surname ‘Otanović’ which derives from the Serbian region.

## History

During the 16th century, the Otanović family resided in the northern part of Serbia (Subotica) which borders Hungary to the north. It is not known if the Otanović family resided in this region prior to the 16th century.
After the loss of independence to the Kingdom of Hungary and the Ottoman Empire, the country of Serbia briefly regained sovereignty under Jovan Nenad in the 16th century. Three Austrian invasions and numerous rebellions left the Otanović family with less than 300 members of the family from killings and a tough decision to make to flee Serbia to Western territories in Europe.
As the Great Serb Migrations depopulated most of Kosovo and Serbia, the Otanović family sought refuge with other Serbs across the Danube river in Vojvodina to the north and Military Frontier in the West where they were granted rights by the Austrian crown under measures such as the Statuta Wallachorum of 1630.
As immigration decreased in the 17th century, the Otanović family migrated to Western territories in search of independence, new territories, and favorable conditions. Most of the Otanović family was of Jewish descent and settled in areas of Holland, France and Germany but were then outcast as the German Protestants sect grew in the territories of Germany and Holland. Generally, they settled in rural areas where they subsisted typically as blacksmiths and farmers.
In France, the Otanović families had the reputation of being exiled royalty. Colonies forced the people out of the country and into northern parts of Spain. This led to the change of the surname Otanović to the Otaño surname in the late 17th century. This change occurred between 1678 and 1684. The change was made when the family settled in the northern regions of Spain and Basque country (Spain/France).
Today, the Otaño surname is a popular one but one that remains tied to the same family tree. Anyone with the last name Otaño falls under the same family tree. Otaño's are found in the USA and Spanish speaking territories such as northern Spain (Asturias, Irun, San Sebastian, Pamplona, Galicia, Basque country, Canary Islands; Fuerteventura region), Puerto Rico (Lares, Rio Piedras, San German, Isabela, Ponce), Cuba (Havana, Pinar Del Río, Cienfuegos) and Argentina (Mar del Plata, Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz). Otaño's can also be found in southern regions of France (Bayonne, Biarritz, Hendaye, Landes, Pau, Capbreton, Hossegor, Bordeaux, Anglet). Most of the Otaño family reside in regions of southern France and northern Spain and are Roman Catholic and Jewish.
# Xavier Gil

Francesc Xavier Gil Sánchez (born 24 May 1982), commonly known as Xavier Gil, is an Andorran footballer, who currently plays for FC Santa Coloma and Andorra national team.

## International career

Gil made his debut on 21 August 2002, coming on as a substitute for Justo Ruiz in a 3–0 friendly match defeat against Iceland. He has been capped three times.

## National team statistics

Andorra national team :
| Year | Apps | Goals |
| 2001 | 1 | 0 |
| 2002 | 1 | 0 |
| 2003 | 0 | 0 |
| 2004 | 0 | 0 |
| 2005 | 0 | 0 |
| 2006 | 0 | 0 |
| 2007 | 0 | 0 |
| 2008 | 0 | 0 |
| 2009 | 0 | 0 |
| 2010 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | 3 | 0 |
# Portrait of Shorty

Portrait of Shorty is an album by American jazz trumpeter composer and arranger Shorty Rogers which was released on the RCA Victor label in 1958.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
| The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings | |
Allmusic awarded the album 3 stars. On All About Jazz Jack Bowers stated "there’s plenty of cleverly contoured music to appreciate. And it must be said that no other trumpeter ever sounded exactly like Shorty, who had a lively and swinging language all his own. His voicings for the trumpet section were similarly unexampled, and made any Rogers arrangement almost immediately identifiable. ...everything works, thanks to Shorty’s remarkable charts and the uncanny ability of his colleagues to speak volumes in only a few phrases".
The tune "Play, Boy" was written especially for and first appeared on a two-record (LP) set issued in 1957 by Playboy Magazine honoring the winners of the magazine’s first Jazz Poll. Shorty Rogers had placed fourth in the trumpet voting.

## Track listing

All compositions by Shorty Rogers.
* "Saturnian Sleigh Ride" - 3:48
* "Martians Lullaby" - 7:13
* "The Line Backer" - 4:11
* "Grand Slam" - 4:57
* "Play! Boy" - 5:43
* "A Geophysical Ear" - 3:46
* "Red Dog Play" - 4:49
* "Bluezies" - 6:40
* Recorded in Los Angeles, CA on July 15, 1957, (tracks 1, 3, 5 & 6) and August 11, 1957 (tracks 2, 4, 7 & 8)

## Personnel

* Shorty Rogers - trumpet, flugelhorn, arranger
* Conte Candoli, Pete Candoli, Don Fagerquist, Conrad Gozzo, Al Porcino - trumpet
* Harry Betts, Frank Rosolino - trombone
* Bob Enevoldsen - valve trombone
* George Roberts - bass trombone
* Herb Geller - alto saxophone, tenor saxophone
* Bill Holman, Richie Kamuca, Jack Montrose - tenor saxophone
* Pepper Adams - baritone saxophone
* Lou Levy - piano
* Monty Budwig - bass
* Stan Levey - drums
# Nonihat railway station

vteDumka–Bhagalpur line :
Legend :
Nonihat railway station is a railway station on the Dumka–Bhagalpur line of Sahibganj loop under Malda railway division of the Eastern Railway Zone. The station is situated beside Nonihat station Road at Heth Bara, Nonihat in Dumka district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.

## History

The metre-gauge railway track from Bhagalpur Junction railway station to Mandar Hill railway station branch was opened in 1907. The branch was converted to broad gauge. A new railway line from Mandar Hill to Hansdiha became operational on 23 December 2012 and Dumka to Barapalasi route was reconstructed in June 2014 and finally the full track became operational in 2015.
# 1J

1J or 1-J may refer to:
* AH-1J, a model of Bell AH-1 SuperCobra
* ISS 1J, designation for STS-124
# Yahan Ameena Bikti Hai

Yahan Ameena Bikti Hai is a 2016 Indian drama film directed by Kumar Raj. The Cameroon-based company MD4 Production had a small role to play in the film. Despite that, it was selected as the Cameroonian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 89th Academy Awards. However, the film was not included on the final list of submissions published by the Academy.

## Cast

* Rekha Rana
* Chirag Jani
# Jochen Kowalski

Jochen Kowalski (born 30 January 1954) is a German alto or mezzo countertenor, noted for his very rich timbre.

## Early life

Jochen Kowalski was born in Wachow, Nauen District, Bezirk Potsdam, in East Germany (now a small village belonging to the city of Nauen), as the son of a butcher. His parents gave him a musical education. In 1977 he began his studies as a Heldentenor, specializing in Wagner, but when it became clear he was able to sing "Che farò senza Euridice?" as a stand-in Jochen was sent to Theo Adam and switched to countertenor. Kowalski specialized in baroque and classical music. He received his training at the Deutsche Hochschule für Musik in East-Berlin, in particular with the vocal pedagogue Marianne Fischer-Kupfer.

## Career

After completing his studies in 1983, Kowalski was engaged as soloist at the Komische Oper in Berlin. In 1984 he sang the title role in Georg Frideric Handel’s Giustino, staged by Harry Kupfer. The artist drew international attention through his performance of Orpheus in Gluck’s Orfeo ed Euridice in a new staging of the work in December 1987, and in the travelling production by the Komische Oper in August 1989 in London. Kupfer's Orpheus wears a leather jacket and carries an electric guitar in this innovative interpretation.
In 1984, Kowalski made his debut with the Hamburg State Opera singing the role of Daniel in G.F. Handel’s oratorio Belshazzar in Harry Kupfer’s staged realization under the musical direction of Gerd Albrecht. Since then he has been under contract at the State Opera, where he has also distinguished himself in many solo concerts. In 1987 and 1988, Kowalski appeared at the Netherlands Opera in Amsterdam and the Grand Opera in Paris. He made his debut in the Vienna State Opera and at the Royal Opera House Covent Garden in London in 1991, both times as Prince Orlofsky in Die Fledermaus. Kowalski also starred as Farnace in Mitridate, re di Ponto by Mozart at Covent Garden 1991. He made his debut at the Metropolitan Opera in 1994 as Orlofsky. In 1995 he took part in the Salzburg Festival. He has established a reputation as a concert and oratorio singer in the major musical centres of Europe, the USA and Japan, working with such conductors as Gary Bertini, Neville Marriner, Vittorio Negri, Zubin Mehta, and Nikolaus Harnoncourt, among others. He has performed in Austria, France, Japan, Netherlands, United Kingdom, and the United States and is well received by critics.
Kowalski is still a member of the Komischer Oper ensemble, and performs in the Volksbühne. One of his favourite singers is Lotte Lehmann; then there are Franz Völker and Fritz Wunderlich. Kowalski lives in Pankow in the north of Berlin. In 2013 his autobiography was published: Der Countertenor Jochen Kowalski: Gespräche mit Susanne Stähr. Henschel Verlag, Leipzig. ISBN 978-3-89487-930-3.
# Heuglin's spurfowl

Heuglin's spurfowl (Pternistis icterorhynchus) is a species of bird in the family Phasianidae. It is found in Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Sudan, and Uganda. The German explorer Theodor von Heuglin first described the species.

## Taxonomy

Heuglin's spurfowl was described in 1863 by the German ornithologist and explorer Theodor von Heuglin from specimens collected near the Pongo River in what is now the Bahr el Ghazal region of South Sudan. He coined the binomial name Francolinus icterorhynchus. The specific epithet icterorhynchus combines the Ancient Greek ikteros meaning "jaundice-yellow" and rhunkhos meaning "bill". The species is now placed in the genus Pternistis that was introduced by the German naturalist Johann Georg Wagler in 1832. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2019 found that Heuglin's spurfowl is sister to the double-spurred spurfowl. Heuglin's spurfowl is considered to be monotypic: no subspecies are recognised.
# Henry (1820 ship)

Henry was a sloop launched at Plymouth in 1820. She sailed to the New South Shetland Islands and returned from there on 12 May 1822. Thereafter she sailed between Plymouth or London and Malaga. She had undergone lengthening in 1824, and conversion to a cutter c.1837. She was last listed in 1843.

## Career

Henry first appeared in Lloyd's Register (LR) in 1820 with R.Cundy, master, H.Rowe, owner, and trade Plymouth–Saint Michaels.
In 1820 the mariner William Smith, captain of William, discovered the South Shetland Islands. Once news arrived in England of the number of seals there many vessels sailed there to gather seal skins and oil. Henry was one of the vessels sailing there.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
| 1821 | R.Cundy Killick | H.Rowe | Plymouth–Saint Michaels Plymouth–South Seas | LR |
| 1823 | Killick Cock | H.Rowe | Plymouth–South Seas | LR |
Henry arrived back at Plymouth on 12 May 1822 from the South Shetland Islands. She had left on 3 February and she reported on the 19 British vessels she had left there, giving the number of skins and tons of seal oil each had gathered. There were also 20 American ships there.
On 30 January 1823 Henry, Cock, master, was off Ram Head, coming from Saint Michael, when she came across the rigging, etc. of a schooner. The schooner Tagus, Reynolds, master was missing.
LR for 1824 showed Henry's master as S.Cock, changing to Westcott, her owner as Chanter, and her trade as Plymouth–Gibraltar. She had undergone a thorough repair and lengthening in 1824 that increased her burthen to 59 tons.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
| 1825 | Westcott | H.Rowe | Plymouth–Malaga | LR; lengthened and thorough repair 1824 |
| 1830 | Westcott | H.Rowe | Plymouth–Malaga | RS; lengthened and thorough repair 1824 |
Lloyd's List reported on 8 January 1828 that Henry, Westcott, master, was at Thurlstone, having been carried into port. On 3 March 1835 it reported that Henry, Towson, master, had been brought into Whitstable damaged.
| Year | Master | Owner | Trade | Source |
| 1835 | Towsen | | | LR |
| 1840 | Towson | Towson | London | LR; small repairs 1838 |
| 1843 | Towson | Towson | London–Malaga | LR; small repairs 1838 & 1841 |

## Fate

Henry was last listed in 1843.

## Citations

* ↑ LR (1820), Supple. pages "H", Seq.№H79.
* ↑ Lloyd's List 14 May 1822, №5698.
* ↑ 4 February 1823, №5774
* ↑ LR (1824), Seq.№H417.
# JMCC

JMCC may refer to:
* Jerusalem Media & Communication Centre, a Palestinian organization which provides information about the West Bank and in Gaza.
* Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
* Jurupa Mountains Cultural Center, the previous name of the Jurupa Mountains Discovery Center in Jurupa Valley, California
# Gusiluo

Gusiluo (Tibetan: རྒྱལ་སྲས་, Wylie: rgyal sras; simplified Chinese: 唃厮啰; traditional Chinese: 唃廝囉; 997–1065) was a Tibetan king of Tsongkha, in present-day Qinghai and parts of Hexi Corridor. Claimed to be a descendant of Buddha, Guosiluo laid a foundation to a large Tibetan confederacy centered in Zongge (present-day Ping'an District). The Gusiluo regime built a closed relationship with the Khitans to resist the increasing powerful Western Xia. In 1099, the Northern Song launched a campaign into Xining and Haidong (in modern Qinghai province), occupying territory that was controlled by the Tibetan Gusiluo regime since the 10th century.