OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Political scandals in Logan County, West Virginia

Political corruption :
Forms and concepts :
Bribery
Cronyism
Economics of corruption
Electoral fraud
Elite capture
Influence peddling
Kleptocracy
Mafia state
Nepotism
Pyrrhic defeat theory
Slush fund
Simony
State capture
State-corporate crime
Throffer :
Anti-corruption :
International Anti-Corruption Court
Group of States Against Corruption
International Anti-Corruption Academy
International Anti-Corruption Day
United Nations Convention against Corruption :
Corruption by country :
vte :
Logan County, West Virginia, has a long and colorful history of political scandal and corruption.

## Historic bribes

Logan County has been notorious for over a century for political machines that control virtually all aspects of elected office. Allies of candidate John F. Kennedy once famously asked local political boss Raymond Chafin how much money he wanted so that Kennedy could carry southern West Virginia in the 1960 presidential election, and Chafin replied "thirty five," meaning $3,500. Kennedy's men returned with a suitcase full of $35,000, making it one of the more famous instances of miscommunication in the greasing of political palms in Logan history.

## 2004 sting

During the 2004 election season in the town of Logan, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), in a controversial move, had four-term mayor Thomas Esposito run for the West Virginia House of Delegates in order to ferret out corruption in Logan County politics. Officials in neighboring Lincoln County were also charged.

### Others charged with crimes as a result of the sting

Other public figures were charged with federal crimes and forced to resign. The following men were implicated in the sting:
* Logan County Clerk Glen Dale "Houn' Dog" Adkins admitted he sold his vote for $500 in 1996.
* Perry French Harvey Jr., former UMWA official, pleaded guilty to conspiring to bribe voters.
* Ernie Ray Mangus was granted immunity against the charge of receiving $1,000 to buy votes in exchange for his cooperation.
* "Big" John Mendez, Sheriff of Logan County, was compelled to resign and barred for life from running for public office.
* Logan police chief Alvin "Chipper" Porter Jr. and Logan VFW president Ernest Stapleton both entered related guilty pleas.
* Lincoln County Circuit Clerk Greg Stowers entered a guilty plea to a federal vote-buying charge in a probe directed by Assistant U.S. Attorney Karen George.

### Voter disenfranchisement controversy

Although Esposito was a sham candidate controlled by the federal government, he received 2,175 votes in his faked bid to be elected to the 19th District of West Virginia's House of Delegates. Greg Campbell, Perry Harvey's attorney, argued unsuccessfully before District Judge David A. Faber that Esposito's faked campaign interfered with an election and disenfranchised everyone voting for him. Judge Faber took thirty minutes to decide that the votes were irrelevant.
# Humboldt, Pennsylvania

Humboldt is an unincorporated community in Hazle Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States.
# Palpostoma

Palpostoma is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Palpostoma africanum (Verbeke, 1962)
* Palpostoma aldrichi Hardy, 1938
* Palpostoma apicale Malloch, 1927
* Palpostoma armiceps Malloch, 1931
* Palpostoma desvoidyi Aldrich, 1922
* Palpostoma flavum (Coquillett, 1900)
* Palpostoma incongruum (Walker, 1860)
* Palpostoma laticorne (Verbeke, 1962)
* Palpostoma mutatum (Villeneuve, 1936)
* Palpostoma pallens (Curran, 1927)
* Palpostoma pilosum (Verbeke, 1962)
* Palpostoma subsessile Malloch, 1931
* Palpostoma testacea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830
# Pleocoma oregonensis

Pleocoma oregonensis is a species of rain beetle in the family Pleocomidae. It is found in North America.
# Ingenta

Ingenta is a provider of content services for the publishing industry, based in Oxford in the United Kingdom. Customers include both academic and trade publishers as well as information providers. Ingenta plc is listed on the Alternative Investment Market (AIM) of the London Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol LSE: ING.
The company provides software systems and services for the publishing industry, including systems that support the infrastructure of a publisher (including production, distribution, royalties and editorial) and the digital delivery of publishers' products. Their Publishers Communication Group division provides sales and marketing consultancy services for publishers.
Ingenta operates primarily from the UK (Oxford) and the USA (New Brunswick, New Jersey).

## History

Ingenta was established in 1998. In 2001 Ingenta acquired Publishers Communication Group (founded in 1990) and in 2007 acquired VISTA (founded in 1977). From 2007 until 2016, the company was known as Publishing Technology.
In 2016, Ingenta purchased the advertising software company 5fifteen.
# 1968 New Hampshire Wildcats football team

The 1968 New Hampshire Wildcats football team was an American football team that represented the University of New Hampshire as a member of the Yankee Conference during the 1968 NCAA College Division football season. In its first year under head coach Jim Root, the team compiled a 6–2 record (4–1 against conference opponents) and tied for the Yankee Conference championship.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 28 | at Dartmouth* | Memorial FieldHanover, NH (rivalry) | L 0–21 | 11,745–11,785 |
| October 5 | Connecticut | Cowell StadiumDurham, NH | W 17–10 | 8,500 |
| October 12 | Maine | Cowell StadiumDurham, NH (Battle for the Brice–Cowell Musket) | W 42–17 | 13,000–13,050 |
| October 19 | at Vermont | Centennial FieldBurlington, VT | L 10–12 | 3,500 |
| October 26 | at Northeastern* | Parsons FieldBrookline, MA | W 26–3 | 5,605 |
| November 2 | Rhode Island | Cowell StadiumDurham, NH | W 27–6 | 8,133 |
| November 9 | Springfield* | Cowell StadiumDurham, NH | W 17–10 | 7,568 |
| November 16 | at UMass | Alumni StadiumHadley, MA (rivalry) | W 16–0 | 8,000 |
| *Non-conference game ||||||
# Vika, Sweden

Vika is a locality situated in Falun Municipality, Dalarna County, Sweden with 445 inhabitants in 2010.
# 2005–06 Montenegrin First League

The 2005–06 Montenegrin First League was the last edition of the tournament as the second-highest division. Due to the dissolution of the state union between Serbia and Montenegro in June 2006, the Montenegrin First League became the top division of Montenegro from then on.

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 1 | Rudar (C) | 36 | 22 | 6 | 8 | 58 | 34 | +24 | 72 | |
| 2 | Sutjeska | 36 | 15 | 11 | 10 | 40 | 28 | +12 | 56 | |
| 3 | Kom | 36 | 14 | 10 | 12 | 37 | 32 | +5 | 52 | |
| 4 | Grbalj | 36 | 14 | 9 | 13 | 34 | 34 | 0 | 51 | |
| 5 | Mogren | 36 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 36 | 32 | +4 | 47 | |
| 6 | Petrovac | 36 | 11 | 14 | 11 | 33 | 34 | −1 | 47 | |
| 7 | Dečić | 36 | 11 | 14 | 11 | 32 | 34 | −2 | 47 | |
| 8 | Zora (R) | 36 | 11 | 14 | 11 | 34 | 35 | −1 | 47 | Qualification for relegation play-offs |
| 9 | Mornar (R) | 36 | 9 | 7 | 20 | 23 | 46 | −23 | 34 | Relegation to Montenegrin Second League |
| 10 | Bokelj (R) | 36 | 7 | 11 | 18 | 30 | 48 | −18 | 32 | Relegation to Montenegrin Second League |
* ↑ Mogren were docked 1 point due to termination of a match against Mogren in the 19th round.
* 1 2 3 Head-to-head points: Petrovac 11 pts, Dečić 10 pts, Zora 9 pts.

## Relegation play-offs

The 8th placed team were played against the 2nd placed team of the Montenegrin Republic League in two-legged relegation play-offs after the end of the season.

### Second leg

Mladost gained promotion to 2006–07 Montenegrin First League, while Zora relegated to 2006–07 Montenegrin Second League.
# Political science in the United States

Political science has a long tradition within the United States, and has played a role that has been described as "hegemonic" within the discipline. Individuals from the country have made a disproportionate contribution upon current research. According to a 2014 article by Foreign Policy, almost all present top scholars in international relations possess American citizenship. Influential political scientists from the country include Alexander Wendt, Gene Sharp, John Mearsheimer, Zbigniew Brzezinski, Joseph Nye, Robert Jervis and Kenneth Waltz.

## History
### Origins

Political science emerged as a distinct academic discipline in the United States during the 1880s.
# Palpu Pushpangadan

Palpu Pushpangadan (born 23 January 1944) is a former director of the Tropical Botanical Garden and Research Institute (TBGRI) in Kerala. He is also a former director of the National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI), Lucknow and Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram. He received the Padmashri Award from the Government of India in 2010.
Born on 23 January 1944 at Prakkulam in Kollam district in Kerala, Pushpangadan is known for his contribution to plant sciences. He has got multidisciplinary training in cytogenetics, plant breeding, bioprospecting, biotechnology, conservation biology, ethnobiology, ethnopharmacology and pharmacognosy.
He has published about 317 research papers/articles in various national and international journals, authored/edited 15 books, contributed 41 chapters in books in taxonomy, plant breeding, conservation biology, biotechnology, ethnobiology, ethnopharmacology and IPR, etc. Filed/Awarded 85 patents in herbal drugs/products jointly with other scientists. 15 of his patented products are already commercialized.
# Paul Braaten

Paul Braaten (23 March 1876 - 20 January 1963) was a Norwegian Nordic skier who won the Nordic combined at the Holmenkollen ski festival in 1899. Braaten also won the men's 30 km cross-country skiing events in 1900 and 1901. For his 1899 Nordic combined victory, Braaten earned the Holmenkollen medal (shared with Robert Pehrson), in recognition of his outstanding achievements as a skiing athlete.
# Parnarama

Parnarama is a municipality in the state of Maranhão in the Northeast region of Brazil.
# Ole

OLE, Ole or Olé may refer to:
* Olé, a cheering expression used in Spain
* Ole (name), a male given name, includes a list of people named Ole
* Overhead lines equipment, used to transmit electrical energy to trams, trolleybuses or trains

## Computing, mathematics, and engineering

* Object locative environment coordinate system
* Object Linking and Embedding, a distributed object system and protocol developed by Microsoft
** OLE Automation, an inter-process communication mechanism developed by Microsoft
* Olé, Spanish search engine which became part of Telefónica's portal Terra in 1999

## People

* Ole (name)

## Places

* Ole, Estonia, Hiiu County, a village
* Õle, Järva County, Estonia, a village
* Ole, Zanzibar, Tanzania, a village
* Ole, India Country, Mathura district, a village
* OLE, IATA airport code for Cattaraugus County-Olean Airport, New York, United States

## Music

* Olé Coltrane, an album by John Coltrane, 1962
* Olé (Johnny Mathis album), 1965
* Olé (Azúcar Moreno album), 1998
* "¡Olé!", a song by The Bouncing Souls from their 1999 album Hopeless Romantic
* Olé (Pearl Jam song), 2011
* "Olé" (Adelén song), 2014
* "Olé" (John Newman song), 2016

## Arts

* Olé (group), an international musical comedy trio, formed in 1992
* Olé, a 2006 Italian comedy film
* "Olé!", an episode of Hi Hi Puffy AmiYumi

## Other

* Olé (sports newspaper), a morning daily Spanish language sports newspaper from Argentina
* Olé Football Academy, an association football academy based in Wellington, New Zealand
* 'Ole language, spoken in western Bhutan
* Ole (cantillation), a cantillation mark ("goes up") found in Psalms, Proverbs, and Job
* National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries Office of Law Enforcement, often abbreviated NOAA OLE
* Other Learning Experience, one of the components in the Hong Kong Diploma of Secondary Education
# John Eagleton

John Eagleton is a South African former professional tennis player.
Eagleton, a South African junior champion, was a collegiate tennis player for the University of Miami, earning four All-American selections. In the late 1970s he competed professionally and made three doubles main draw appearance at the US Open, reaching the second round in 1978 partnering Deon Joubert. He was the personal coach of doubles specialist Ellis Ferreira and the two later set up a tennis academy together in Longboat Key, Florida.
# Paul Ellison

Paul Ellison may refer to:
* Paul Ellison (bassist), American classical double-bassist
* Paul M. Ellison, British choral conductor, organist, and Beethoven scholar
* Paul J. Ellison, member of the Boston School Committee
# Pomeys

Pomeys is a commune in the Rhône department in eastern France.

## History

The legend traces the origins of the parish of St Martin de Pomeys (village name) to the life of the great apostle of the French countryside: St. Martin. Returning from his homeland of Hungary, the bishop of Tours would have stopped at the inexhaustible fountain known as the "fountain St Martin". He would have left there, engraved on the stone, the mark with his stick. This fountain is located on the "raitchemin de St Martin" on the way to the bois de Pomeys.
# 1st Cavalry Brigade (United Kingdom)

The 1st Cavalry Brigade was a brigade of the British Army. It served in the Napoleonic Wars (1st Household Cavalry Brigade), the Anglo-Egyptian War (1st (Heavy) Cavalry Brigade), the Boer War and in the First World War when it was assigned to the 1st Cavalry Division.
Prior to World War I the brigade was based at Aldershot in England and originally consisted of three cavalry regiments, and a Royal Engineers signal troop. After the declaration of war in August 1914, the brigade was deployed to the Western Front in France, where an artillery battery joined the brigade the following September and a Machine Gun Squadron in February 1916.
One of the brigade's early battles was the action at Néry on 1 September 1914 when, acting alone, the brigade defeated the German 4th Cavalry Division. As a result of this action three men from the artillery battery – Captain Edward Bradbury, Sergeant-Major George Dorrell and Sergeant David Nelson – were awarded the Victoria Cross.

## History
### Napoleonic Wars

From June 1809, Wellington organized his cavalry into one, later two, cavalry divisions (1st and 2nd) for the Peninsular War. These performed a purely administrative, rather than tactical, role; the normal tactical headquarters were provided by brigades commanding two, later usually three, regiments. The cavalry brigades were named for the commanding officer, rather than numbered. For the Hundred Days Campaign, he numbered his British cavalry brigades in a single sequence, 1st to 7th. The 1st Cavalry Brigade consisted of:
* 1st Life Guards
* 2nd Life Guards
* Royal Horse Guards
* 1st King's Dragoon Guards
As the majority of the brigade consisted of Household Cavalry regiments, it was known as the 1st (Household) Cavalry Brigade .

### Anglo-Egyptian War

* Household Cavalry Composite Regiment (1 Squadron each from the 1st Life Guards, 2nd Life Guards and Royal Horse Guards)
* 4th Dragoon Guards
* 7th Dragoon Guards

### Second Boer War

The brigade was reformed for the Second Boer War. During the Battle of Paardeberg, the brigade commanded:
* Household Cavalry Composite Regiment
* 10th Royal Hussars
* 12th Royal Lancers
* Q, T and U Batteries, Royal Horse Artillery
Following the end of the Second Boer War in 1902 the army was restructured, and the 1st Cavalry Brigade was established at Aldershot (South Cavalry Barracks) attached to the 1st Army Corps. Brigadier-General Henry Scobell was appointed in command from 1 April 1903.

### First World War

* 2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays)
* 5th (Princess Charlotte of Wales's) Dragoon Guards
* 11th (Prince Albert's Own) Hussars
* 1st Signal Troop, Royal Engineers
* I Battery, Royal Horse Artillery from 17 September 1914
* 1st Cavalry Brigade Machine Gun Squadron Machine Gun Corps

#### Commanders

The commanders of the 1st Cavalry Brigade during the First World War were:
* Brigadier-General C. J. Briggs (At mobilization)
* Lieutenant-Colonel T. T. Pitman (7 May 1915 - acting)
* Brigadier-General E. Makins (15 May 1915)
* Brigadier-General H. S. Sewell (16 April 1918)
# Vagenda

Vagenda, a portmanteau of vagina and agenda, may refer to:
First known use was in the Fox show, FRINGE, after it was discovered that Peter was sleeping with the alternate universe version of Olivia.
"It's all because of that temptress! She tricked my son with her carnal manipulations and he fell RIGHT into her vagenda." - Walter Bishop, FRINGE S3E8 - 2010
* The Vagenda, a feminist online magazine launched in January 2012.
* Hidden Vagenda, the fourth solo album by American singer-songwriter Kimya Dawson
# Pinole (disambiguation)

Pinole is a Mesoamerican food made from maize.
Pinole may also refer to:
* Pinole, California, an American city
* Pinole clover, Trifolium bifidum, a species of flowering plant
* Pinole Creek, a stream flowing into San Pablo Bay, California
# Patriarch Alexy of Moscow

Patriarch Alexy of Moscow may refer to:
* Patriarch Alexy I of Moscow and All Russia (1877–1970), ruled in 1945–1970
* Patriarch Alexy II of Moscow and All Russia (1928–2008), ruled in 1990–2008
# International Council of Forest and Paper Associations

The International Council of Forest and Paper Associations (ICFPA) is an international interest group and trade association for the pulp and paper industry.
As of 2024, Heidi Brock, President and CEO of the American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA), serves as ICFPA's president. ICFPA Vice President is Mr. José Carlos da Fonseca Junior of The Brazilian Tree (Ibá).

## Mission statement

   ICFPA supports dialogue across regional and national forest products associations from 27 countries around the world and promotes global commitments to sustainable forest management, recycling, innovation, water conservation, mitigating climate change, ensuring a safe and inclusive workplace, and optimizing the use of environmentally-friendly wood and paper-based products

## Activities

The ICFPA is a member of the PEFC, participates in the FAO’s Advisory Committee on Sustainable Forest-based Industries (ACSFI), and cooperates with the ISO committee.

## Members

* Australian Forest Products Association (AFPA)
* Brazilian Tree Industry (Ibá)
* Forest Products Association of Canada (FPAC)
* Corporacion Chilena de la Madera (CORMA)
* Confederation of European Paper Industries (CEPI)
* Finnish Forest Industries Federation (FFIF)
* Confederation de l'Industrie Francaise des Papiers, Cartons et Celluloses (COPACEL)
* German Pulp and Paper Association (VDP)
* Japan Paper Association (JPA)
* New Zealand Forest Owners Association (NZFOA)
* Biond: Associação das Bioindústrias de Base Florestal
* Paper Manufacturers Association of South Africa (PAMSA)
* Asociacion Nacional de Fabricantes de Pastas, Papel y Carton (ASPAPEL)
* Swedish Forest Industries Federation (SFIF)
* American Forest & Paper Association (AF&PA)
* Confederation of Paper Industries
# Huang Qingxue

Huang Qingxue (Chinese: 黄庆学; born 5 December 1960) is a Chinese engineer and administrator who is the president of Taiyuan University of Technology since 2015.

## Biography

Huang was born in Shulan, Jilin, on 5 December 1960. He earned a bachelor's degree in 1984, a master's degree in 1989, and a doctor's degree in 1993, all from Yanshan University.
After university, he joined the faculty of Taiyuan University of Technology, becoming vice president in February 2010 and president in December 2015. He concurrently served as dean of Metal Composite Forming Technology and Equipment Research Institute since August 2019.
He served as a delegate to the 13th National People's Congress.

## Honours and awards

* 2011 Science and Technology Progress Award of the Ho Leung Ho Lee Foundation
* November 27, 2017 Member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)
# Raging Hot

Raging Hot is the second studio album from the American rock band NGHTCRWLRS.

## Content

The eight-track album was released on compact disc and digitally with Sniffling Indie Kids, on November 11, 2016. It was recorded and engineered by Max Rauch, at their rehearsal space in Clifton, New Jersey, and mixed and mastered by Jeremy Cimino. Raging Hot is described as a mix of abrasive and intense rock anthems and jazzy and mellow tunes, and a Pirate! press release calls the album "90s indie rock from an alternate universe[,] funky 80s glam combine[d] with all manner of psychedelia and noise." In an interview The Jersey Journal, DeFranco details the songwriting, saying "it's all guitar-driven music, but we went through a bit of a Talking Heads phase as we were writing it so that kind of comes through." The band describes Raging Hot as "four gentlemen from New Jersey who are deeply in love with music but completely frustrated by the mundane realities of modern life and use those emotions to create something fun." It draws comparison to the music of Sunny Day Real Estate, Title Fight, Fugazi, and Sonic Youth.
The lead single, "Are Two Dee Too," was released on October 21, 2016, which Goldberg explains as "finding your place in the world and contribute to making it better for everyone despite all of the terrible, horrifying things that happen all over, every day." The second single, "Coffee and Weed," was released on November 3, 201. The third single, which focuses on modern capitalism, "Fear and Greed," was released November 10, 2016.
NGHTCRWLRS celebrated the release of Raging Hot with two shows, one at Bloomfield, New Jersey's underground venue Cat Circus on November 11, 2016, and the other at Sunnyvale in Brooklyn, New York City, on November 12, 2016.

## Reception

Speak Into My Good Eye editor Mike Mehalick calls Raging Hot "ebbs of hard-charging riffage and flows of more angular instrumentation," and New Noise says the album is "bristling with incendiary energy and urgency."
Motif calls "Are Two Dee Too" a "mellow song[,] but the chorus is hard-hitting and emotional [with] DeFranco's and Goldbrg's guitars unleash electrifying fury that's contagious" according to Motif. Impose says the song "takes you back to some classic 90's rock with its early guitar riff, building up momentum as the instrumentals layer in," adding that "it's a bit of a melancholic song, laced with hope despite its heavy subject." Elmore describes the song "Fear and Greed as "strained vocals press into melodic guitar and a Strokes-leaning bassline [and] suddenly, halfway through, the track breaks down into a distorted chaos, wailing guitars reflecting the band's political message."

## Personnel

* Frank DeFranco – vocals and guitar
* Brian Goglia – vocals and guitar
* Eric Goldberg – vocals and bass
* Max Rauch – vocals and drums