OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jeffrey Polovina

Jeffrey Polovina is an American marine scientist. He is known for creating the marine ecosystem model Ecopath.

## Early life

Jeffrey Joseph Polovina was born on September 30, 1948, in Troy, New York. He graduated from Carnegie Mellon University with an undergraduate degree in Mathematics, and received his PhD in Mathematical Statistics from University of California, Berkeley.

## Career

Polovina began his academic career teaching at University of California at San Diego, later moving to the University of Hawaii to conduct Sea Grant-funded aquaculture research. In 1979 he joined the National Marine Fisheries Service, Honolulu Lab which later became the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), where he served as a senior scientist and the Chief of Ecosystem and Oceanography Division. In 2010 he received the Wooster Award from the North Pacific Marine Sciences Organization (PICES). He was awarded two Fulbright Senior Research Awards for work in Kenya and the Galapagos. He retired from NOAA in 2016 but continues to serve as an affiliate faculty in the Marine Biology Program at the University of Hawaii.

## Research

His research focuses on understanding the spatial and temporal dynamics of marine ecosystems with an emphasis on high tropic levels. In the early 1980s Polovina was part of a multi-disciplinary team studying the coral reef ecosystem at French Frigate Shoals in the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands. In order to describe the energy flow of the coral reef ecosystem Polovina developed the Ecopath Model. The model was later further expanded by colleagues at the Fisheries Center at the University of British Columbia and has become a global standard for marine ecosystem modeling. In 2007, the model was named one of the ten biggest scientific breakthroughs in the first 200 years of the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
Polovina had used electronic tags and remotely-sensed oceanographic data to understand how large pelagic animals use oceanic habitats. This work led to identifying the trans-Pacific Transition Zone Chlorophyll Front (TZCF) as important Pacific Ocean mid-latitude forage and migration habitat. He used climate and ecosystem models and data to identify potential fishing and climate impacts on marine ecosystems. He has estimated that the Earth's least productive waters are growing at a rate of between 1 and 4 percent annually. He served as an author for the Hawaii Chapter of the 4th National Climate Assessment. He has also provided learning materials for PBS and provided other public educational services.
# Jennie Franks

Jennie Franks is an English playwright and filmmaker. She was the first wife of Jethro Tull frontman Ian Anderson, and wrote some of the lyrics for the Jethro Tull song "Aqualung" (1971).

## Career

Franks co-wrote and directed an educational film about the effects of AIDS in rural Colorado titled Soft Smoke, AIDS in the Rural West. She wrote and acted in the play Stuck!, about "one woman's courageous struggle to get out of a locked basement bathroom at a coffee house and reclaim control of her stalled life", which debuted in New York in 2008. She filmed The Ballad of Arthur Muldoon with Terry Jones.
Franks founded SPARKy Productions in 1998, a group dedicated to highlighting social justice issues via creative performance, and acts as its artistic director. The organization produced the annual Telluride Playwrights Festival. The film festival culminated in 2016 with Franks' production of The Hispanic Women's Project.

## Life

Franks was the first wife of Jethro Tull frontman Ian Anderson, from 1970 to 1974. She wrote some of the lyrics for the Jethro Tull song "Aqualung" (1971). Ian Anderson, the principal songwriter for Jethro Tull, has said, "[she] in fact was responsible for lyrics in the first couple of verses ... I suppose in total probably about half of the lyrics were words or word associations that she had come up with," based on pictures of homeless men Franks had taken as a photography student. "And so she wrote some words and we fashioned that into lyrics. Some of the lines were definitely not lines I would have written. Like, “Snot is running down his nose” was not one of mine [laughs], it was one of hers."
Franks later moved to Los Angeles and married screenwriter and novelist Jeffrey Price. They relocated to Telluride, Colorado in 1993. Franks and her second husband have two daughters.
# Kharagpur Silver Jubilee High School

Kharagpur Silver Jubilee High School, is one of the oldest school located in Kharagpur, Paschim Medinipur, West Bengal, India. This school is a co-ed Higher Secondary School.
The school follows the course curricula of West Bengal Board of Secondary Education (WBBSE) and West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education (WBCHSE) for Standard 10th and 12th Board examinations respectively.
# Kharagpur–Bankura–Adra line

The Kharagpur–Bankura–Adra line is part of Mednipur, Bankura, Purulia district. It links Kharagpur to Adra and Bankura in Eastern India, and also serves as a major freight line for transporting iron ore, coal and steel products to Haldia Port.

## History

The Kharagpur–Midnapur branch line was opened in 1901. The Midnapore–Jharia extension of the Bengal Nagpur Railway, passing through Bankura District, was opened around 1903–04. The Kharagpur–Gomoh section of BNR was opened up to Bhojudih in February 1903.

## Electrification

The Adra–Bheduasol sector was electrified in 1997–98, and the Bheduasol–Salboni sector in 1998–99.
# Jen DeNike

Jen DeNike is a contemporary artist who works with video, photography, installation and performance. She is a dual citizen of the USA and UK, born Norwalk, Connecticut.
The Kunst-Werke Institute for Contemporary Art held an exhibition of her work in 2006. In 2010, her piece "Twirl" involved a marching band passing through the Brooklyn Museum. In January 2010, "Scrying", "a non-narrative performance ballet conceived and directed by New York-based artist Jen DeNike" received its world premiere at the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA). MOMA also has two of her videos in its collection: Wrestling (2003) and Dunking (2004).

## Exhibitions

* "Rapture Rupture: Womxn in Collage, 16NST at Patricia Fleming Gallery, Glasgow Scotland, August 25 - September 23, 2023
* "The Pods", Central Fine, May 28 - June 29, 2023
* "Die Liebe Familie", DOCK 20 Kunstraum und Sammlung Hollenstein, Lustenau, Austria, March 1 - 31, 2023
* “JEN”. Central Fine, January 9 - February 16, 2022
* "Crystals in Art: Ancient to Today", Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art, October 12, 2019 - January 6, 2020
* "Generation Loss: 10 Year Julia Stoschek Collection", Düsseldorf, Germany, June 17, 2017 - September 9, 2018
* "Number Twelve: Hello Boys", Julia Stoschek Collection, Düsseldorf, Germany, February 13 - July 31, 2016
* "If She Hollers", Anat Ebgi, November 14 – December 19, 2015
* "The Gender Show", Eastman Kodak House, June 15 - October 13, 2013
* "The Scrying Trilogy", September 17 – October 23, 2010
* "Reflections on The Electric Mirror: New Feminist Video", Brooklyn Museum, May 1, 2009–January 10, 2010
* "Through A Glass Darkly", Redline Contemporary Art Center, 2008
* ""Into Me Out of Me", KW Institute for Contemporary Art, November 26, 2006 - March 7, 2007
* "Into Me Out of Me", MoMA PS1, Jun 25 – September 25, 2006
* "Greater NY", MoMA PS1, March 14 - September 26, 2005
* "Boys Behaving Badly", Houston Museum of Contemporary Art, June 25 - September 12, 2004
# Circumscribed halo

A circumscribed halo is a type of halo, an optical phenomenon typically in the form of a more or less oval ring that circumscribes the circular 22° halo centred on the Sun or Moon.
As the Sun rises above 70° it essentially covers the 22° halo. Like many other halos, it is slightly reddish on the inner edge, facing the Sun or Moon, and bluish on the outer edge.
The shape of the circumscribed halo is strongly dependent on the distance of the Sun or Moon above the horizon. Its top and bottom (i.e., the points directly below and above the Sun or Moon) always lie directly tangential to the 22° halo, but its left and right sides take on different shapes depending on solar (or lunar) elevation. At an elevation between about 35°–50°, the sides form two distinct, downward-drooping "lobes" outside of the 22° halo. As the Sun or Moon rises higher (between c. 50°–70°), the drooping diminishes towards a more regular oval shape. At an elevation of c. 70° or more, the shape of the circumscribed halo approaches a circle, and as such becomes nearly indistinguishable from the 22° halo, only to be identified by its tendency to show more saturated colors than the latter. When the Sun or Moon is at an elevation lower than c. 35°, the circumscribed halo breaks up into the upper tangent and lower tangent arcs.
# Ciudad Antigua

Ciudad Antigua (Spanish pronunciation:) is a municipality in the Nueva Segovia department of Nicaragua.
13°38′N 86°19′W﻿ / ﻿13.633°N 86.317°W﻿ / 13.633; -86.317
# Cirrhochrista cygnalis

Cirrhochrista cygnalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It is found in Madagascar.
# Clangs (album)

Clangs is a live album by soprano saxophonist Steve Lacy featuring a double sextet, which was recorded in Germany in 1992 and released on the Swiss hat ART label in 1993.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
The Allmusic review by Thom Jurek called it "a mixed bag" observing "the set is long on poetics and short on swinging or blowing aesthetics ... this is an experiment that, with the exception of one track, didn't work".

## Track listing

All compositions by Steve Lacy
* "The Owl" – 6:53
* "Torments" – 10:52
* "Tracks" – 7:30
* "Dome" – 16:29
* "The New Moon" – 11:15

## Personnel

* Steve Lacy – soprano saxophone
* Steve Potts – alto saxophone, soprano saxophone
* Hans Kennel – trumpet
* Glenn Ferris – trombone
* Irene Aebi – voice
* Nicholas Isherwood – voice
* Bobby Few – piano
* Eric Watson – piano
* Sonhando Estwick – vibraphone
* Jean-Jacques Avenel – bass
* John Betsch – drums
* Sam Kelly – percussion
# List of directors of the Natural History Museum

The Director of the Natural History Museum is the senior manager of the Natural History Museum, London, which was split off from the British Museum in 1881. It should not be confused with the role of Director of Science, Natural History Museum. The following list gives the first Superintendent and then the Directors of the Natural History Museum, London.

## Superintendent of the Natural History Departments

* Sir Richard Owen (1881–1883)

## Directors of the Natural History Museum

* Sir William Henry Flower (1884–1898)
* Sir Ray Lankester (1898–1907)
* Sir Lazarus Fletcher (1909–1919)
* Sir Sidney Frederic Harmer (1919-1927)
* Charles Tate Regan (1927-1938)
* Sir Clive Forster-Cooper (1938–1947)
* Sir Norman Boyd Kinnear (1947-1950)
* Sir Gavin de Beer (1950–1960)
* Sir Terence Morrison-Scott (1960–1968)
* Sir Frank Claringbull (1968–1976)
* Ronald Henderson Hedley (1976–1988)
* Sir Neil Chalmers (1988–2004)
* Sir Michael Dixon (2004–2020)
* Doug Gurr (2020–present)
# Clarence Doust

Clarence Isaac Doust (3 August 1885 – 19 April 1961) was an Australian farmer and politician who was an independent member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia from 1936 to 1939, representing the seat of Nelson.
Doust was born in Balbarrup, Western Australia (near Manjimup), to Mary (née Needes) and Abraham Doust. After leaving school, he was employed as a secretary by the Warren Road Board, as well as having his own farm. Doust enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force in August 1916, and served in France with a medical unit. He returned to Australia after the war's end, working for periods as an Agricultural Bank inspector and land valuer before returning to his previous position as road board secretary. Doust was a supporter of the social credit movement (although not associated with its political arm), and was president of the local chapter.
At the 1936 state election, Doust ran for parliament and defeated Jack Smith (a 15-year incumbent) with 57.1 percent of the two-party-preferred vote. After the election, Doust announced that he would give "general support" to the Labor government of Philip Collier, adding to its narrow majority. However, his time in parliament was short-lived, as he placed only third on first preferences at the 1939 state election and had his seat reclaimed by Smith. Doust returned to farming after his defeat, and died in Manjimup in April 1961, aged 75. He had married Agnes Helen Giblett in 1909, with whom he had five children.
# Jeraldino

Jeraldino is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Ignacio Jeraldino (born 1995), Chilean footballer
* Juan Jeraldino (born 1995), Chilean footballer
# Jeremy Morrison

Jeremy Morrison may refer to:
* Jeremy Morrison (MMA fighter), opponent of Alex Stiebling
* Jeremy Morrison, character in Friends in Low Places (novel)
# United States Congressional Joint Committee on Housing

The United States Congress Joint Committee on Housing was established July 25, 1947 in response to the housing shortages in the US after World War II.
Home building virtually stopped during World War II as supplies and labor were diverted elsewhere. When the veterans returned to civilian life at the end of the war, an acute housing shortage developed. In an effort to deal with this crisis, Congress established the Joint Committee on Housing, with members drawn from the House and Senate Committees on Banking and Currency. The Committee conducted hearings in 33 cities, receiving testimony from 1,286 witnesses. It also undertook extensive studies on specific subjects and conferred informally with industry and labor leaders.
Ralph A. Gamble served as Chairman during the 80th United States Congress.
The Committee submitted its final report (House Report 1564, 80th Congress, 2nd session, Serial 11210) on March 15, 1948.
# Jeremy Gittins

Philip Jeremy Gittins (born 30 January 1956) is a British actor from Manchester, England, who is known for his role as Michael the 'dishy' Church of England vicar in the successful BBC One sitcom Keeping Up Appearances from 1990 to 1995.

## Career

Gittins has also appeared in many popular British sitcoms and leading television programmes. He has appeared in Doctor Who alongside Fourth Doctor Tom Baker and Lalla Ward, Tenko, Boon, A Touch of Frost, New Tricks, EastEnders (as John Charrington), Doctors and, more recently he has starred in Footballers' Wives in 2005.
As well as Keeping Up Appearances, he has also made appearances in several other sitcoms, namely Fresh Fields, Terry and June, Andy Capp, Blackadder Goes Forth and The Upper Hand.

## Television roles

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1980 | Keep It In The Family | Dave | Episode: "And Not A Drop To Drink" |
| 1981 | Doctor Who | Laslo | Episode: "Warrior's Gate". |
| 1981 | Wet Job | Robin Miller | |
| 1981 | Tenko | Brian Thomas | |
| 1984 | Mitch | Barman | Episode: "Sleeping Dogs" |
| 1985 | Summer Season | The Announcer | Episode: "Radio Pictures" |
| 1985 | Full House | Man in Pub | Episode: " Semper Fidelis" |
| 1986 to 1988 | All in Good Faith | PC Eric Weatherall | |
| 1986 | Fresh Fields | Floor Manager | |
| 1987 | Terry and June | Constable Davenport | Episode: "The Eye of the Householder" |
| 1988 | Tales of the Unexpected (TV series) | Dominic | Episode (9/6): "Wink Three Times" |
| 1988 | Andy Capp | Keith | |
| 1989 | Boon | Car Salesman | |
| 1989 | Blackadder Goes Forth | Private Tipplewick | Episode: "Corporal Punishment" |
| 1990 to 1995 | Keeping Up Appearances | Michael the Vicar | Series 1 to Series 5 |
| 1996 | The Upper Hand | Dr. Anderson | Episode: "Surgical Spirit" |
| 2000 | EastEnders | John Charrington | |
| 2000 | Doctors | Matthew Carlton | Episode: "Choices" |
| 2002 | The House That Jack Built | Boris Bates | Episode: "Dogs Don't Wear Hard Hats" |
| 2004 | A Touch of Frost | Mark | |
| 2004 | New Tricks | Vic | Episode: "Good Work Rewarded" |
| 2004 | Doctors | Clifford Durran | Episode: "Noughts and Crosses" |
| 2005 | Footballer's Wives | Levy | |
| 2008 | Midsomer Murders | Officer | Episode: "Shot at Dawn" |
| 2020 | Pointless | Himself | Contestant |
| 2023 | Keeping Up Appearances - 30 Years Of Laughs | Himself/Vicar | |
# United States Post Office (Scappoose, Oregon)

The United States Post Office building in Scappoose, Oregon, is the current post office serving the local community (as of 2016) and a recognized historic structure. Built in 1966, it is an essentially intact example of the "Thousand Series" facilities built under the direction of the Post Office Department in the late 1950s and the 1960s. These buildings, mostly of a modest, Modern style, represent one component of an evolutionary period in post office design between the PWA-led monumental buildings of the Great Depression and the 1971 reorganization of postal services. This period was marked by rapid growth, technological change, and decreased Congressional support for funding new construction.
The building was entered on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.
# Khukhrain, Kapurthala

Khukhrain is a village in Kapurthala district of Punjab State, India. It is located 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) from Kapurthala, which is both district and sub-district headquarters of Khukhrain. The village is administrated by a Sarpanch. who is an elected representative.

## Demography

According to the report published by Census India in 2011, Khukhrain has 295 houses with the total population of 1,576 persons of which 860 are male and 716 females. Literacy rate of Khukhrain is 64.89%, lower than the state average of 75.84%. The population of children in the age group 0–6 years is 226 which is 14.34% of the total population. Child sex ratio is approximately 752, lower than the state average of 846.

## Population data

| Particulars | Total | Male | Female |
| Total No. of Houses | 295 | - | - |
| Population | 1,576 | 860 | 716 |
| Child (0-6) | 226 | 129 | 97 |
| Schedule Caste | 900 | 497 | 403 |
| Schedule Tribe | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Literacy | 64.89 % | 67.03 % | 62.36 % |
| Total Workers | 480 | 426 | 54 |
| Main Worker | 429 | 0 | 0 |
| Marginal Worker | 51 | 33 | 18 |
# Jerrold B. Tunnell

Jerrold Bates Tunnell (September 16, 1950 – April 1, 2022) was a mathematician known for his work in number theory. He was an associate professor of mathematics at Rutgers University.

## Early life and education

Tunnell was born on September 16, 1950, in Dallas, Texas.
He graduated from Harvey Mudd College in 1972. He received his PhD in Mathematics from Harvard University in 1977. His thesis, On the Local Langlands Conjecture for GL(2), was advised by John Tate.

## Career

After graduation, Tunnell taught at Princeton University and was a member of the Institute for Advanced Study from 1982 to 1983. He joined the mathematics faculty at Rutgers University in 1983, eventually becoming an associate professor of mathematics. He advised 7 PhD students.

## Research

In 1981, Tunnell generalized Langlands' work on the Artin conjecture, establishing a special case known as the Langlands–Tunnell theorem that later became a key component in the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem.
He proved Tunnell's theorem in 1983, which gives a partial unconditional solution to the congruent number problem and a complete solution conditional on the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture.

## Awards and honors

In 2013, Tunnell was elected in the inaugural class of Fellows of the American Mathematical Society.

## Personal life

Starting in 2004, Tunnell made cross-country cycling trips from Highland Park, New Jersey, to Syracuse, New York, in every U.S. election cycle.
Tunnell died on April 1, 2022, in rural Texas. He was hit by a truck while riding his bicycle from St. Augustine, Florida, to his 50th class reunion at Harvey Mudd College in Claremont, California.
# Jesionka railway station

Jesionka railway station is a railway station in Jesionka, Żyrardów, Masovian, Poland. It is served by Koleje Mazowieckie.
# Jerry Stevenson

Jerry Stevenson may refer to:
* Jerry Stevenson (musician)
* Jerry Stevenson (politician)
# Kidnapped robot problem

In robotics, the kidnapped robot problem is the situation where an autonomous robot in operation is carried to an arbitrary location.
The kidnapped robot problem creates significant issues with the robot's localization system, and only a subset of localization algorithms can successfully deal with the uncertainty created; it is commonly used to test a robot's ability to recover from catastrophic localization failures.
# Kicked Around

Kicked Around may refer to:
* "Kicked Around", a 1965 single B-side by The Ad Libs
* "Kicked Around", a 1989 song by Grace Jones from the album Bulletproof Heart
# Universals Sports Club

Universals Sports Club is a cricket ground in Harare, Zimbabwe. The ground is bordered to the north by the Louis Mountbatten School, to the east by the Rekayi Tangwena Avenue and to the west and south by open ground. Manicaland played a single List A match at the ground in the 2003/04 Faithwear Clothing Inter-Provincial One-Day Competition against Matabeleland. Rain ensured the match ended in no result, with Manicaland having reached 119/2 in their innings, with Piet Rinke and Neil Ferreira recording half centuries.
# Kiener Plaza

Kiener Plaza is a public park in downtown St. Louis, Missouri. The park is part of the Gateway Mall and is bounded by Chestnut and Market streets on the north and south and Broadway and 7th Street on the east and west.

## History

Kiener Plaza was built in two halves across 21 years. After city voters passed a $2 million bond issue in 1962, the eastern half opened in 1965 between Broadway and 6th Street. This first section included a circular fountain with William Zorach’s sculpture, The Runner, placed in the center with the runner facing west. A $6.2 million bond issue to complete the Mall was rejected by voters in 1965 leaving the western half unfinished. In 1986, 6th Street was closed and Kiener Plaza was extended west with the Morton D. May Amphitheater, designed as a postmodern Roman ruin with a capacity for about 500 people.
After a real estate dispute in 1984, the city took ownership of 25% of the block with the remaining share owned by Southern Real Estate and Financial Company which leased it back to the city of St. Louis.
Improvements proposed in the 2009 Gateway Mall Master Plan included an event lawn, a performance pavilion and plaza, new lighting, and bringing the sunken portion of the park up to street level. Many of these improvents were carried out during the 2016-17 rebuild.
In February 2016, Kiener Plaza closed for a $23 million rebuild as part of the $380 million CityArchRiver project. It reopened on May 19, 2017 and saw the sunken amphitheater replaced with street level open spaces, a playground, a water feature, and a lawn that can accommodate up to 3,000 people. The Runner statue and fountain were moved to the center of the park with a new LED lighting system.
The plaza is named for Harry Kiener, a local philanthropist and member of the U.S. track team at the 1904 Olympics held in St. Louis. In his will, Kiener left the city a bequest to build a fountain and statue. Because of its central location within downtown St. Louis, the plaza is often host to public events including outdoor free movies and a winter festival. It is often used as a rallying point for demonstrations and protest marches.
East of Kiener Plaza is the Old Courthouse and Gateway Arch National Park. To the west is Peabody Plaza, to the north the Kiener Plaza garages and to the south the Hilton St. Louis at the Ballpark, whose lobby is constructed out of the Spanish Pavilion from the 1964 New York World's Fair.