OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Combinatorial class

In mathematics, a combinatorial class is a countable set of mathematical objects, together with a size function mapping each object to a non-negative integer, such that there are finitely many objects of each size.

## Counting sequences and isomorphism

The counting sequence of a combinatorial class is the sequence of the numbers of elements of size i for i = 0, 1, 2, ...; it may also be described as a generating function that has these numbers as its coefficients. The counting sequences of combinatorial classes are the main subject of study of enumerative combinatorics. Two combinatorial classes are said to be isomorphic if they have the same numbers of objects of each size, or equivalently, if their counting sequences are the same. Frequently, once two combinatorial classes are known to be isomorphic, a bijective proof of this equivalence is sought; such a proof may be interpreted as showing that the objects in the two isomorphic classes are cryptomorphic to each other.
For instance, the triangulations of regular polygons (with size given by the number of sides of the polygon, and a fixed choice of polygon to triangulate for each size) and the set of unrooted binary plane trees (up to graph isomorphism, with a fixed ordering of the leaves, and with size given by the number of leaves) are both counted by the Catalan numbers, so they form isomorphic combinatorial classes. A bijective isomorphism in this case is given by planar graph duality: a triangulation can be transformed bijectively into a tree with a leaf for each polygon edge, an internal node for each triangle, and an edge for each two (polygon edges?) or triangles that are adjacent to each other.

## Analytic combinatorics

The theory of combinatorial species and its extension to analytic combinatorics provide a language for describing many important combinatorial classes, constructing new classes from combinations of previously defined ones, and automatically deriving their counting sequences. For example, two combinatorial classes may be combined by disjoint union, or by a Cartesian product construction in which the objects are ordered pairs of one object from each of two classes, and the size function is the sum of the sizes of each object in the pair. These operations respectively form the addition and multiplication operations of a semiring on the family of (isomorphism equivalence classes of) combinatorial classes, in which the zero object is the empty combinatorial class, and the unit is the class whose only object is the empty set.

## Permutation patterns

In the study of permutation patterns, a combinatorial class of permutation classes, enumerated by permutation length, is called a Wilf class. The study of enumerations of specific permutation classes has turned up unexpected equivalences in counting sequences of seemingly unrelated permutation classes.
# Pristimantis orestes

Pristimantis orestes is a species of frog in the family Strabomantidae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are tropical high-altitude shrubland and high-altitude grassland. It is threatened by habitat loss.
# 2004 Wismilak International – Doubles

María Vento-Kabchi and Angelique Widjaja were the defending champions, but lost in quarterfinals to Svetlana Kuznetsova and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario.
Anastasia Myskina and Ai Sugiyama won the title by defeating Svetlana Kuznetsova and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario 6–3, 7–5 in the final.

## Seeds

* Anastasia Myskina / Ai Sugiyama (champions)
* María Vento-Kabchi / Angelique Widjaja (quarterfinals)
* Gisela Dulko / Milagros Sequera (semifinals, withdrew)
* Tathiana Garbin / Nicole Pratt (semifinals)

## Draw
### Key

* Q = Qualifier
* WC = Wild card
* LL = Lucky loser
* Alt = Alternate
* SE = Special exempt
* PR = Protected ranking
* ITF = ITF entry
* JE = Junior exempt
* w/o = Walkover
* r = Retired
* d = Defaulted
* SR = Special ranking

### Draw

| First round | First round | First round | First round | First round | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Final | Final | Final | Final |
| 1 | A Myskina A Sugiyama | 4 | 6 | 7$^8$ | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Q | A Barna J Janković | 6 | 1 | 6$^6$ | 1 | A Myskina A Sugiyama | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | |
| | M Marrero A Medina Garrigues | 6 | 1 | 6 | | M Marrero A Medina Garrigues | 1 | 2 | | | | | | | | |
| | K Jans A Rosolska | 3 | 6 | 4 | | | | | 1 | A Myskina A Sugiyama | w/o | | | | | |
| 3 | G Dulko M Sequera | 6 | 6 | | | | | | 3 | G Dulko M Sequera | | | | | | |
| | C Curran N Grandin | 0 | 1 | | 3 | G Dulko M Sequera | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | |
| WC | AF Damayanti S Mende | 5 | 4 | | | C Dellacqua N Sewell | 1 | 0 | | | | | | | | |
| | C Dellacqua N Sewell | 7 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | 1 | A Myskina A Sugiyama | 6 | 7 |
| PR | M Díaz Oliva S Stone | 6 | 0 | r | | | | | | | | | | S Kuznetsova A Sánchez Vicario | 3 | 5 |
| | A Augustus J Hopkins | 4 | 6 | | | A Augustus J Hopkins | 2 | 3 | | | | | | | | |
| | A Nakamura S Obata | 4 | 3 | | 4 | T Garbin N Pratt | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | T Garbin N Pratt | 6 | 6 | | | | | | 4 | T Garbin N Pratt | 2 | 3 | | | | |
| | M Domachowska G Voskoboeva | 4 | 3 | | | | | | | S Kuznetsova A Sánchez Vicario | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | S Kuznetsova A Sánchez Vicario | 6 | 6 | | | S Kuznetsova A Sánchez Vicario | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | |
| | ME Camerin F Pennetta | 6 | 3 | 3 | 2 | M Vento-Kabchi A Widjaja | 3 | 4 | | | | | | | | |
| 2 | M Vento-Kabchi A Widjaja | 3 | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
# James L. Key

James Lee Key (1867–1939) was a lawyer who served a total of four terms as the 45th and 48th Mayor of Atlanta.

## Biography
### Early years

James L. Key was born in DeKalb County, Georgia on July 27, 1867, and educated in the public schools. He initially took up the practice of law in the city of Atlanta, in the 1890s.

### Political career

By 1902, Key was an Atlanta city councilman representing the Sixth Ward. He ran for mayor in 1904 and 1918 first losing to, then defeating, James G. Woodward. He was easily re-elected in the 1920 election. During that second term, he established Atlanta's first City Planning Commission and issued bonds to build the Spring St. viaduct (completed December 20, 1923).
He did not run for re-election in 1922, and when he did run in 1924, he lost.
In 1930, Key was elected to a third term in the wake of the Atlanta graft ring scandal and early in that term he made public statements against Prohibition and the blue law bans of Sunday baseball games and Sunday movies. This precipitated a recall vote in 1932 that he would have lost if not for support from the black community. He was instrumental in getting Harry Hopkins and his WPA program to update the city sewer system and nearly a million dollars to remodel the Atlanta Municipal Auditorium and Cyclorama building. Key won a fourth term in 1934. Herbert T. Jenkins, Sr. who named a son after the mayor, was an aide and driver for Key. Jenkins later served as Chief of Police of the Atlanta Police Department for 26 years, from 1947 to 1973.
By the time he was campaigning for his fifth term, against William B. Hartsfield in 1936, the nearly 70-year-old Key was accused of spending only an hour a day at his office and lost a contentious race.

## Death and legacy

James L. Key died in 1939 after finally seeing the end of Prohibition.
The James L. Key Elementary School was named for the late mayor in 1963. Located at the intersection of Memorial Drive and Stovall Street, the school was closed in the 1990s.
The former James L. Key Golf Course, in Atlanta, was named in his honor. The golf course, along with many old Victorian-era homes in the Grant Park neighborhood were demolished in the late 1950s to make way for Interstate 20.
# Papilio euchenor

Papilio euchenor is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae.

## Distribution

This species can be found at Papua New Guinea, Celebes, Sumatra, Bismarck Archipelago and various surrounding islands.

## Subspecies

Subspecies include:
* Papilio euchenor euchenor (West Irian to Papua, Waigeu, Dampier)
* Papilio euchenor godarti Montrouzier, 1856 (D'Entrecasteaux, Woodlark)
* Papilio euchenor eutropius Janson, 1886 (Jobi)
* Papilio euchenor obsolescens Rothschild, 1895 (Aru)
* Papilio euchenor depilis Rothschild, 1895 (New Britain, Duke of York Group)
* Papilio euchenor naucles Rothschild, 1908 (Kai Islands)
* Papilio euchenor misolensis Rothschild, 1908 (Misool Islands)
* Papilio euchenor comma Joicey & Noakes, 1915 (Biak)
* Papilio euchenor rosselanus Rothschild, 1908 (Rossel Islands)
* Papilio euchenor sudestensis Rothschild, 1908 (Sudest Island)
* Papilio euchenor misimanus Rothschild, 1898 (Misima Island)
* Papilio euchenor novohibernicus Rothschild, 1896 (New Ireland)
* Papilio euchenor neohannoveranus Rothschild, 1898 (New Hanover Island)
* Papilio euchenor subcoerulea Rothschild, 1915 (Dampier Island)

## Description

The wingspan of Papilio euchenor can reach 100–130 mm. These large butterflies have black forewings, with a wide band of mellow yellow patches with black veins and a row of three small yellow spots near to the apex. Also the hind wings are black. They show a large mellow yellow basal area. The margins of the hindwings are ridged and without any tails. The underside of the wings is quite similar to the upside, but in the edge of the hindwings of some subspecies there are a few orange and blue markings. The body of these butterflies is black on the back, while the underside is yellow. There are no differences in the pattern between males and females. This species is rather similar to Papilio aegeus.

## Biology

The larvae feed on Evodia and possibly also Citrus species.

## Gallery

* Papilio euchenor. Recto
* Papilio euchenor sudestensis. Verso
# Outwell Basin railway station

vteWisbech & Upwell Tramway :
Legend :
Outwell Basin railway station was a stop on the Wisbech and Upwell Tramway in Outwell, Norfolk. It opened in 1883 carrying passenger and goods traffic from nearby farms. It was closed to passengers in 1928, with goods services continuing on the line until 1966. The line it once stood on is now a grassy track.
| Preceding station | Disused railways | Following station |
| Boyces Bridge | Wisbech & Upwell Tramway | Outwell Village |
# HMS Alban

Three ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Alban. Another was planned but never completed:
* HMS Alban (1806) was a 10-gun schooner launched in 1806. She was in Danish hands between 1810 and 1811 and was wrecked on 18 December 1812 at Aldeburgh, Suffolk during a storm; only one seaman and a woman survived.
* HMS Alban (1813) was a 14-gun schooner, previously the American 4-gun letter of marque William Bayard, launched in New York in 1812, that the British Royal Navy captured in 1813 and took into service. She had an unexceptionable career and was broken up in 1822.
* HMS Alban (1826) was a wooden paddle vessel launched in 1826, later rebuilt, and finally broken up in 1860.
* HMS Alban was to have been a Philomel-class gunvessel. She was laid down in 1860 but cancelled in 1863.
# Next Nuvve

Next Nuvve (transl. You're next) is a 2017 Indian Telugu-language horror comedy film directed by Prabhakar Podakandla. It stars Aadi, Vaibhavi, Brahmaji, and Rashmi Gautam. The film is about four protagonists trying to uncover the mystery behind a haunted palace. The film was a remake of the Tamil film Yaamirukka Bayamey which itself was based on the Korean film The Quiet Family.

## Plot

Kiran, a TV serial director loses a lot of money after his serial is shelved and is in deep debts. He, along with his girlfriend Smita want to convert his ancestral palace in Araku Valley into a resort and make money to clear their debts. He takes the help of Sarath and his sister Rashmi in converting the palace into a resort.
The guests coming to their resort mysteriously die. They dig graves and cover them up. A labourer complains to the police that he observed that they have been digging in the ground several times. He finds this suspicious and thinks that they are searching for some treasure underground. When Kiran is questioned by the police, he tells them that his guests are mysteriously died. The police check the register and find the names. However, the police tells him that all these people had already died years before.
Kiran comes to the palace and informs others that the guests had already died years before. Meanwhile, they encounter an old man (L. B. Sriram) who tells them that this palace is haunted by a devil (Himaja) and it will kill whoever buys the palace, indicating that Kiran will be next. At the end while the devil is about to kill Kiran, a goon (Jayaprakash Reddy) along with his gang enters. He forcefully takes the property from Kiran, although Kiran tries to convince him.
While Kiran and others come out of the palace guests started going inside. The story ends with the goon and his squad joining the guests line, implying that the ghost killed them.

## Cast

* Aadi as Kiran
* Vaibhavi as Smita
* Brahmaji as Sarath
* Rashmi Gautam as Rashmi
* Himaja as Ghost
* L. B. Sriram as Ghost Lover
* Ramjagan
* Srinivas Avasarala as Younger Ghost Lover
* Jaya Prakash Reddy
* Benarjee as Inspector
* Satya Krishnan as School Teacher
* Duvvasi Mohan
* Pruthvi Raj
* Raghu Babu as RGV
* Posani Krishna Murali
* Thagubothu Ramesh as Gunta Babji
* Mumaith Khan
* Rajitha
* Sri Charan
* Getup Srinu
* Raghava
* Anurag
* Subhash
* Ramjagan

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack was composed by Sai Karthik, with lyrics written by Krishna Kanth.
# Primien Manirafasha

Primien Manirafasha (born 4 November 1989) is a Rwandan long-distance runner.
In 2017, he competed in the senior men's race at the 2017 IAAF World Cross Country Championships held in Kampala, Uganda. He finished in 58th place.
# Preston Lake (Saskatchewan)

Preston Lake is a lake in the north-western part of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. The lake is surrounded by boreal forest and muskeg and fed by several small rivers while the outflow is a short river that drains south into Lloyd Lake. Lloyd Lake is along the course of the Clearwater River. Access to Preston Lake is from Highway 955.
Preston Lake Wildlife Refuge (57°24′18″N 109°11′00″W﻿ / ﻿57.4049°N 109.1833°W﻿ / 57.4049; -109.1833) is a 4-hectare (9.9-acre) provincial wildlife refuge on a small island near the western shore of the lake.

## Fish species

Fish commonly found in Preston Lake include trout, lake whitefish, longnose sucker, northern pike, walleye, white sucker, and yellow perch.
# Patridge

Patridge is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Audrina Patridge (born 1985), actress and model
* Rob Patridge, American politician
* Scott Patridge (born 1965), tennis player
* Stewart Patridge (born 1974), American football quarterback
# Ozodera

Ozodera callidioides is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, the only species in the genus Ozodera.
# Papilio forbesi

Papilio forbesi is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. It is endemic to Sumatra.

## Description

P. Forbesi, Henley Grose Smith, Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, xix., p. 234 (March, 1883); Forbes, " Naturalist's Wanderings," p. 275 (1885).
Upperside. Dark brown, almost black, the margins between the nervures with lunular white spots; very narrow on the anterior wing; much broader on the posterior wing, which is without tails. Anterior wings with longitudinal rays on each side of the nervures, of light brown, extending from the middle to the exterior margin. Posterior wing with a row of three brownish-grey lunular spots between the median nervules, and a spot at the anal angle, above which is a row of three small faintly marked spots of same colour.
Underside. Anterior wings rayed as above, but paler. Posterior wing with a longitudinal red spot at the base, divided by the precostal nervure, which is black, and a small red spot below the costal nervure; a broad band of ochreous yellow with a row of black spots in the middle, extending across the wing between the median nervules, and a small spot of ochreous-yellow beyond; a black spot at the top of the band next the anal angle; three blue spots near the exterior margin from the costal nervure to the median nervule.
" Exp. 4 inches. Hal). Bandang Agang, Sumatra (Forbes). In the Collection of Henley Grose Smith. "This species belongs to the Memnon group, in which, however, there is nothing which resembles it." (H. G. S. in Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, l.c.). Described from two male specimens, almost identical in colour and markings. It is, perhaps, most nearly allied to Papilio Lampsacus, Boisd. The red spot at the base of the hind wings is not completely divided by the curved black stripe which runs up along the precostal nervure. The wingspan is 90–100 mm.

## Biogeographic realm

Indomalayan realm (Sundaland)
# HMS Alarm (1810)

Alarm was a lugger that the British Royal Navy acquired from the Commissioners of Customs in 1810. She made one small capture before the Navy returned her to Customs in 1812.
In 1811 Lieutenant Robert Forbes was appointed to command Alarm at Leith. On 25 June he captured the Danish sloop Emanuel, Svend Torgenson, master. He brought her into Leith on 1 July.
Alarm was returned to Customs in 1812.
NB: The National Maritime Museum database refers to Alarm as a hired lugger, and gives a service period of 1810–1813.

## Citations

* 1 2 Winfield (2008), p.371.
* ↑ Naval Chronicle, Vol. 25, p.172.
* ↑ "No. 16819". The London Gazette. 30 November 1813. p. 2413.
* ↑ Lloyd's List №4577. Accessed 7 December 2016.
* ↑ "NMM, vessel ID 379585" (PDF). Warship Histories, vol xi. National Maritime Museum. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 August 2011. Retrieved 30 July 2011.
# Next Nigerian census

The next census of Nigeria will be a detailed enumeration of the Nigerian population that will be the fifth national census in the country since Independence. Censuses in Nigeria have a controversial history and the next census will be the first national census held since 2006. Over 190 Billion Naira (₦) has been allocated for the exercise. The help of the Nigeria Security and Civil Defence Corps (NSCDC) has been requested by the Chairman of the National Population Commission (NPC) in order to provide security. The census will also be notable for being the first digital census in Nigeria's history. The plan is to use GIS technologies such as ArcGIS to aid with the planning process.
Originally scheduled for 2016, the census was repeatedly delayed. In April 2023, the census was postponed indefinitely by the Buhari administration in order to allow the new administration to pick a date. By April 2024, there was still no proposed date, although the 17 new commissioners were sworn in and produced a recommended date for President Tinubu. In July, the National Population Commission proposed a date of November 2024, but are still awaiting President Tinubu's approval. There are concerns surrounding the use and management of the 200 billion Naira allocated for the next census, with the House of Representatives requesting an investigation. Others, are calling for the Census to be delayed to more peaceful times due to the potential tension over population figures due to state revenue figures and representation in the House of Representatives deriving from population numbers.
# Priming (agriculture)

Nano seed priming in botany and agriculture is a form of seed planting preparation in which the seeds are pre-soaked in nanoparticle solution. Seeds are considered to be an important part of crop life cycle as it influences the propagation of critical phases like germination and dormancy. Seed priming before sowing is considered to be one of the promising ways to provide value-added solutions to maximize the natural potential of seed to set the plant for maximum yield potential with respect to both quality and quantity. Positive effect on the shoot and root growth of seedlings of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) when treated with iron-oxide nanoparticles. This innovative cost-effective and user-friendly method of biofortification has proven to increase grain iron deposition upon harvesting. Hence, the intervention of nanotechnology in terms of seed priming could be an economical and user-friendly smart farming approach to increase the nutritive value of the grains in an eco-friendly manner.
Priming is not an extremely widely used method. In general, most kinds of seeds experimented with so far have shown an overall advantage over seeds that are not primed. Many have shown a faster emergence time (the time it takes for seeds to rise above the surface of the soil), a higher emergence rate (the number of seeds that make it to the surface), and better growth, suggesting that the head-start helps them get a good root system down early and grow faster. This method can be useful to farmers because it saves them the money and time spent for fertilizers, re-seeding, and weak plants.

## Mechanism of Priming

During priming, a seed is exposed to stimuli, which trigger a series of interconnected biochemical reactions in it, including the creation of chemicals that promote growth, the activation of enzymes, the metabolism of germination inhibitors, and the repair of cell damage.
# Saint Richard (disambiguation)

Saint Richard is Richard of Chichester (aka Richard of Wyche, Richard of Wych, Richard of Droitwich, Richard of Burford).
Saint Richard may also refer to:
* Richard the Pilgrim, supposed father of Saints Willibald, Winibald, and Walpurga
* Richard of Andria
* Richard of Vaucelles
* Richard Reynolds (martyr)
* Richard Gwyn
* Richard Pampuri
* Richard Martin (martyr), English
# Piz Jenatsch

Piz Jenatsch is a mountain of the Albula Alps, located in the canton of Graubünden. It has an elevation of 3,251 metres above sea level and it is located east of Piz d'Err and Piz Calderas, between the valleys of Val d'Err and Val Bever.
The closest locality is Tinizong on the west side.
# Put My Dream on This Planet

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Put My Dream on This Planet is the 29th album by Jandek. It was his only new release of 2000 (note that there were numerous reissues of the oldest material). The first of three consecutive a capella albums, it is Corwood Industries #0767.
Initially thought by fans to have been recorded on a voice-activated microcassette recorder, Jandek clarified in his 2014 cover interview for The Wire that he recorded this album, as well as the two a capella followups, This Narrow Road and Worthless Recluse, on a standard consumer-grade cassette recorder, and that the pauses in the recording were removed per his request with a noise reduction gate during the mastering stage.

## Critical reception

Exclaim! wrote that "Jandek sounds old, with a deep, grainy, Johnny Cash-like voice that appears to be recorded by a portable microphone, as opposed to a crisp studio recording." The Globe and Mail thought that the album "would try the patience of the saints of any faith."
# Ozodes flavitarsis

Ozodes flavitarsis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Gounelle in 1911.
# 1950 Gent–Wevelgem

The 1950 Gent–Wevelgem was the 12th edition of the Gent–Wevelgem cycle race and was held on 26 March 1950. The race started in Ghent and finished in Wevelgem. The race was won by Briek Schotte.

## General classification

| Rank | Rider | Time |
| 1 | Briek Schotte (BEL) | 6h 44' 00" |
| 2 | Albert Decin (BEL) | + 2' 46" |
| 3 | André Declercq (BEL) | + 2' 46" |
| 4 | Marcel Ryckaert (BEL) | + 2' 46" |
| 5 | Emmanuel Thoma [es] (BEL) | + 2' 46" |
| 6 | Edward Klabiński (POL) | + 2' 46" |
| 7 | André Pieters (BEL) | + 2' 46" |
| 8 | Joseph Van Stayen (BEL) | + 2' 46" |
| 9 | Roger Decock (BEL) | + 2' 46" |
| 10 | Roger Desmet (BEL) | + 2' 46" |
# Heterachthes concretus

Heterachthes concretus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae.