OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Constitution of Mauritius

The Constitution of the Republic of Mauritius (French: La Constitution de Maurice) is the supreme law of Mauritius, according to Chapter I, Section 2 of the constitution, if any other law is inconsistent with this Constitution, that other law shall, to the extent of the inconsistency, be void. The current Constitution was adopted in 1968. It defines Mauritius as a sovereign democratic State which shall be known as the Republic of Mauritius. The Constitution guarantees to the citizen his fundamental rights: right to liberty and protection of the law, freedom of conscience, freedom of association, of movement and of opinion, freedom of expression, freedom of creed and of religious belief as well as the right to private property. The individual rights protected in the Constitution are mainly negative rights, as opposed to positive rights. The Constitution establishes clearly the separation of powers between the legislative, the executive and the judiciary. The Constitution establishes a Supreme Court with unlimited jurisdiction to hear all cases, as well as two courts of appeal, divisions of the Supreme Court, to hear intermediate civil and criminal cases.
# Tupi Futebol Clube

Tupi Futebol Clube, commonly referred to as Tupi, is a Brazilian football club based in Estádio Municipal Rubro-Negro Hinterholz em Crissiumal, Rio Grande do Sul. It currently plays in Campeonato Gaúcho Série A2, the second level of the Rio Grande do Sul state football league.

## History

The club was founded on May 1, 1949. They finished in the second place in the Campeonato Gaúcho Third Level in 1969, losing the competition to Três Passos. Tupy won the Campeonato Gaúcho Third Level in 2013.

## Honours

* Campeonato Gaúcho Série B
** Winners (1): 2013

## Stadium

Tupy Futebol Clube play their home games at Estádio Elias Ozias Zoltan, nicknamed Estádio Municipal Rubro-Negro. The stadium has a maximum capacity of 3,000 people.
# Turner Soccer Complex

Turner Soccer Complex is a 1,700-capacity stadium located in Athens, Georgia. It serves as the home field for the Georgia Bulldogs women's soccer and softball team. The complex is named for Hoyt "Jack" Turner, an Athens native who has financially supported Bulldogs soccer and other athletic endeavors for several years.
The stadium opened on September 1, 1998 (26 years ago) (1998-09-01), when Georgia hosted Mercer, winning 1–0. Turner Soccer Complex hosted the 2000 Southeastern Conference women's soccer tournament.
# Catherine Clément

Catherine Clément (French:; born 10 February 1939) is a French philosopher, novelist, feminist, and literary critic, born in Boulogne-Billancourt. She received a degree in philosophy from the École Normale Supérieure, and studied under its faculty Claude Lévi-Strauss and Jacques Lacan, working in the fields of anthropology and psychoanalysis. A member of the school of French feminism and écriture féminine, she has published books with Hélène Cixous and Julia Kristeva. She has also made contributions to musicology; her Opera, or the Undoing of Women (1979) is notable for its emphasis on the representation of women in opera.
She lived many years overseas, as her husband, André Lewin (1934–2012), was a diplomat who was France's Ambassador to India, Austria, Guinea, Gambia and Senegal. She was awarded the Grand Officer of the Ordre national du Mérite in 2012 and the Commander of the Legion of Honour in 2017.
# UH–Downtown station

UH–Downtown is a station on the METRORail Red Line in Houston, Texas, United States. It is the former northern terminus of the Red Line, since the line was extended in late 2013. The station is located on top of the Main Street viaduct at the campus of the University of Houston–Downtown.
Due to space limitations, it has an extremely narrow platform. As a result, the ticket vending machines are located on the property of the University of Houston–Downtown.

## Bus connections

A bus stop is located just north of the platform. Connecting bus routes are:
* 51 Hardy-Kelly
* 52 Hardy-Ley

## Points of interest

The One Main Building (formerly Merchants and Manufacturers Building) and Willow Street Pump Station are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Both buildings are located on the campus of the University of Houston–Downtown.
The One Main Building is adjacent to the METRORail station at 1 Main Street. The Willow Street Pump Station is within walking distance at 811 North San Jacinto Street.
Allen's Landing—the birthplace of the city of Houston—is at the confluence of White Oak Bayou and Buffalo Bayou, and Allen's Landing Park is adjacent to the University of Houston–Downtown.
From 2004 to 2013, this station was the northernmost point in the Metro Red Line.
# Farhad Piroutpour

Farhad Piroutpour (Persian: فرهاد پیروت پور, born 21 February 1991 in Mahabad) is an Iranian volleyball player who plays as an opposite hitter for the Iranian national team. He made his debut for the national team in the game against USA in the 2015 World League. He was part of national team in the 2015 Asian Championship.

## Honours
### National team

* Asian Championship
** Silver medal (1): 2015

### Individual

* Best opposite spiker: 2015 Asian Championship
# Shulman

Shulman is an Ashkenazi Jewish surname that literally means "shul-man". A shul is another name for a synagogue, a Jewish house of worship, and the name was usually given to the head of the synagogue or the synagogue's rabbi. It can also appear as a result of double transliteration, to and from the Cyrillic alphabet, of the German surname "Schulmann".

## Notable people

* Alexandra Shulman, editor of British Vogue
* Andrew Shulman, English cellist and conductor
* Barry Shulman, American poker player and CEO of the magazine Card Player
* Claire Shulman, American politician
* Daniel Shulman (disambiguation), several people
* David Shulman, American lexicographer
* Derek Shulman, Scottish musician
* Douglas H. Shulman, Commissioner of the IRS
* Eli Baruch Shulman, rosh yeshiva at RIETS
* Eliezer Shulman, biblical scholar and historian
* Ekaterina Schulmann, Russian political scientist
* Eyal Shulman (born 1987), Israeli basketball player
* Harry Shulman, dean of Yale Law School, 1954-55
* Holly Shulman, American reproductive health statistician
* Irving Shulman, American author and screenwriter
* Jack Shulman, American communist activist
* Jeff Shulman, poker player and editor of Card Player magazine
* John Shulman, basketball coach
* Julius Shulman, American photographer
* Lawrence Shulman, dean of the University at Buffalo
* Lee Shulman, American educational psychologist
* Mark Shulman (author), American author and publisher
* Mark Shulman (rugby league), Australian rugby player
* Marshall D. Shulman, American diplomat
* Max Shulman, American writer and humorist
* Michael Shulman (actor) (born 1981), American actor
* Michael Shulman (mathematician) (born 1980), American mathematician
* Michael Shulman (writer) (born 1973), American writer
* Milton Shulman, Canadian writer and broadcaster
* Morton Shulman, Canadian politician
* Naphtali Herz Shulman (died c. 1830), Russian Hebrew writer
* Nechama Shulman, birth name of Nechama Rivlin (1945–2019), Israeli researcher, science secretary, and First Lady of Israel
* Neville Shulman, English mountaineer and personal consultant to filmmaker Ridley Scott
* Nicola Shulman, English biographer
* Phil Shulman, Scottish musician
* Ray Shulman, English musician
* Robert G. Shulman, American biophysicist
* Yaniv Shulman, member of Israeli ambient music group Shulman
* Yury Shulman, Belarusian chess grandmaster
# Filipinos in France

Filipinos in France (Filipino: Mga Pilipino sa Pransiya; French: Philippins en France) consist of migrants from the Philippines and their descendants living and working in France. About 50,000 Filipinos resided in France in 2020, with a large share of the population consisting of those who arrived illegally. 80% of Filipinos in France have lived in the nation for less than seven years, and 95% have lived in France for less than 15 years. Paris is home to a small Filipino community.

## History

During the centennial of the French Revolution in 1889, José Rizal sought to organize a conference called the Association Internationale des Philippinistes which was to be launched with Ferdinand Blumentritt, the President and Edmond Plauchut, the Vice President. The French also permitted Rizal to live in exile in France where he wrote the books Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.
On June 26, 1947 the Philippines and France signed a Treaty of Amity which established diplomatic relations with the 2 countries.

## Filipinos today

Filipinos living in France work as artists, domestic servants, professionals, students, and writers, or in the health care, information technology, and electronics sectors. The French government encouraged Filipinos to work in France, as long as they eventually returned to the Philippines, by instituting new migration laws. Brice Hortefeux, French Minister for Immigration, Integration, National Identity and Development Solidarity, said, "I’ve already put in place, for particularly skilled workers, a specific procedure allowing them a three-year, once-renewable, permit to stay in France. This shows that by encouraging the movement of skilled workers, we are rejecting the brain drain ... We hope it will be useful to both countries."
10% of Filipinos living in France have married French citizens. By 2000, 5,823 French citizens had been born in the Philippines, including both French nationals and naturalized Filipinos. Only one school in France, the EFI Langue Institut Linguistique Européen in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, offers classes about the Filipino language. 16% of Filipinos in France are between 16 and 25 years of age, 50% are between 26 and 35, 29% are between 36 and 45, and 6% are older than 46.
Every year since 1980, a festival embracing Philippine culture has been held in Paris, called the Pista sa Paris. The event is sponsored by the Philippine embassy in Paris, and features singers, dancers, and Philippine cuisine.
# Lists of cities in Europe

This is a list of lists of cities in Europe. Lists of countries includes countries that fall to at least some extent within European geographical boundaries according to certain definitions.

## European Union

* List of cities in the European Union by population within city limits
* List of urban areas in the European Union
* List of European Union cities proper by population density

## Sovereign states

* List of cities in Albania
* List of cities and towns in Andorra
* List of cities and towns in Armenia
* List of cities and towns in Austria
* List of cities in Azerbaijan
* List of cities and towns in Belarus
* List of cities in Belgium
* List of cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina
* List of cities and towns in Bulgaria
* List of cities in Croatia
* List of cities, towns and villages in Cyprus
* List of cities and towns in the Czech Republic
* List of cities in Denmark
* List of cities and towns in Estonia
* List of cities and towns in Finland
* List of communes in France
* List of cities in Georgia
* List of cities and towns in Germany
* List of cities in Greece
* List of cities and towns in Hungary
* List of cities and towns in Iceland
* List of cities in Ireland
* List of cities in Italy
* List of cities in Kazakhstan
* List of cities and towns in Latvia
* List of municipalities in Liechtenstein
* List of cities in Lithuania
* List of towns in Luxembourg
* List of cities in Malta (historical only)
* List of cities and towns in Moldova
* Monaco (city-state)
* List of cities in Montenegro
* List of cities in the Netherlands
* List of cities in North Macedonia
* List of towns and cities in Norway
* List of cities and towns in Poland
* List of cities in Portugal
* List of cities and towns in Romania
* List of cities and towns in Russia
* List of municipalities of San Marino
* List of cities in Serbia
* List of cities and towns in Slovakia
* List of cities and towns in Slovenia
* List of municipalities of Spain
* List of cities in Sweden
* List of cities in Switzerland
* List of cities in Turkey
* List of cities in Ukraine
* List of cities in the United Kingdom
* Vatican City (city-state)

## Dependencies, autonomies, other territories

* Gibraltar (city territory)
* List of towns in Guernsey
* List of places in Jersey
* List of cities in Kosovo
* List of places in the Isle of Man
* Towns of the Faroe Islands
# Ministry of Narcotics Control (Pakistan)

The Ministry of Narcotics Control (Urdu: وزارتِ انسدادِ منشیات, romanized: vizārat-e-insidād-e-munaśśiyāt) was the Pakistan Government's federal and executive level ministry created on 4 August 2017 by Shahid Khaqan Abbasi (the then Prime Minister of Pakistan). The ministry was created out of the Ministry of Interior and Narcotics Control (now just Ministry of Interior). Its sole agency or unit is the Anti-Narcotics Force.
The Ministry has been marged with Ministry of Interior as an attached wing of Ministry of Interior on 11 February 2025.

## Ministers

| No. | No. | Portrait | Name (Born–Died) | Tenure | Tenure | Tenure | Party | Government | Prime Minister | Prime Minister |
| No. | No. | Portrait | Name (Born–Died) | From | To | Length | Party | Government | Prime Minister | Prime Minister |
| | 1 | | Lieutenant General (Retd) Salahuddin Tirmizi (born 1943) Senator for Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | 4 August 2017 | 31 May 2018 | 300 days | PMLN | Abbasi government | | Shahid Khaqan Abbasi |
| | C | | Muhammad Azam Khan (1933–2023) | 5 June 2018 | 13 August 2018 | 69 days | IND | Mulk caretaker government (Caretaker) | | Nasirul Mulk |
| | 2 | | Ali Mohammad Mahar (1970–2019) MNA for 205 Ghotki-II | 4 October 2018 | 21 May 2019 | 229 days | PTI | Imran Khan government | | Imran Khan |
| | 3 | | Shehryar Afridi (born 1971) MNA for 32 Kohat (State Minister) | 11 June 2019 | 6 April 2020 | 300 days | PTI | Imran Khan government | | Imran Khan |
| | 4 | | Azam Swati (born 1956) Senator for Khyber Pakhtunkhwa | 7 April 2020 | 11 December 2020 | 248 days | PTI | Imran Khan government | | Imran Khan |
| | 5 | | Brigadier (Retd) Ijaz Ahmed Shah MNA for 118 Nankana Sahib-II | 11 December 2020 | 10 April 2022 | 1 year, 120 days | PTI | Imran Khan government | | Imran Khan |
| | 6 | | Nawab Shahzain Bugti (born 1970) MNA for 259 Ziarat-cum-Harnai-cum-Sibbi-cum-Kohlu-cum-Dera Bugti | 19 April 2022 | 9 August 2023 | 1 year, 112 days | Jamhoori Wattan Party | First Shehbaz Sharif ministry | | Shehbaz Sharif |
| | C | | Sarfraz Bugti | 17 August 2023 | 15 December 2023 | 120 days | PPP | Kakar caretaker ministry (Caretaker) | | Anwaar ul Haq Kakar |
| Position vacant during this interval |||||||||||
| | 7 | | Mohsin Naqvi (born 1978) | 11 March 2024 | 11 February 2025 | 1 year, 4 days | IPP | Second Shehbaz Sharif ministry | | Shehbaz Sharif |
# Uncle Joe's Mint Balls

Uncle Joe's Mint Balls are mints produced by William Santus & Co. Ltd. in Wigan, Greater Manchester, England since 1898. Despite their name, the mints are not truly spherical but oblate spheroids. The ingredients of Uncle Joe's Mint Balls are pure cane sugar, oil of peppermint and cream of tartar and are described on the tin as "suitable for vegans".
As of 2011, 160,000 mint balls are made per day, which is around 35 million per year.
The early mint balls were made by William Santus' wife, Ellen, before production moved to a factory near Wigan Wallgate railway station in 1919.
The packaging, usually a sealed can, carries a picture of the mascot, a smiling man in a top hat.

## In popular culture

* Singer/songwriter and humorist Mike Harding has a song called "Uncle Joe's Mint Balls" on his 1975 album Mrs. 'Ardin's Kid. It also appeared as the B-side to his 1975 single "My Brother Sylveste".
* The local rugby team, Wigan Warriors have a version of the song celebrating some of its legendary rugby players of the 1950s and 60s such as Billy Boston, Brian McTigue and Eric Ashton that plays before some of its home games at the DW Stadium.
* The comic magazine Viz made a strip called 'Uncle Joe's Mint Balls' which was about Joseph Stalin, who was sometimes called 'Uncle Joe' by Western media, and his quest to show off his untarnished testicles to the world's press (such testicles would be known as 'mint balls' in the vernacular of Northern England, where the comic is printed.)
* Oscar winning blockbuster As Good as It Gets starring Helen Hunt and Jack Nicholson includes a scene with Uncle Joe's mint balls on the table.
# 2007 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship

The 2007 Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship was the 98th staging of the Cork Intermediate Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board, Ireland, in 1909. The draw for the opening round fixtures took place on 10 December 2006. The championship began on 6 May 2007 and ended on 28 October 2007.
On 21 October 2007, Fr. O'Neill's won the championship after a 1–13 to 0–15 defeat of Bandon in the final at Páirc Uí Chaoimh. This was their first ever championship title in this grade. A week later, Glen Rovers ended 31 years of participation in the championship after suffering a one-point defeat by St. Finbarr's in a relegation play-off.
Fr. O'Neills' Jer O'Leary was the championship's top scorer with 0-41.

## Team changes
### To Championship

Promoted from the Cork Junior A Hurling Championship
* Kilworth
Relegated from the Cork Premier Intermediate Hurling Championship
* St. Finbarr's

### From Championship

Promoted to the Cork Premier Intermediate Hurling Championship
* Ballymartle
Relegated to the City Junior A Hurling Championship
* Nemo Rangers

## Championship statistics
### Top scorers
#### Overall

| Rank | Player | Club | Tally | Total | Matches | Average |
| 1 | Jer O'Leary | Fr. O'Neill's | 0-41 | 41 | 7 | 5.85 |
| 2 | Jer Meaney | Cobh | 4-18 | 30 | 4 | 7.50 |
| 3 | John Flavin | Fr. O'Neill's | 4-16 | 28 | 7 | 4.00 |
| 3 | Adrian Mannix | Kilworth | 1-25 | 28 | 4 | 7.00 |
| 4 | Lorcán McLoughlin | Kanturk | 0-24 | 24 | 3 | 8.00 |
| 5 | Kevin Hackett | Glen Rovers | 0-23 | 23 | 5 | 4.60 |
| 6 | Daniel Goulding | Éire Óg | 4-08 | 20 | 4 | 5.00 |
| 6 | Paudie Lynch | Kilworth | 3-11 | 20 | 4 | 5.00 |
| 7 | Stephen Corcoran | Carrigaline | 1-15 | 18 | 3 | 6.00 |
| 7 | Dan O'Connell | Kilbrittain | 1-15 | 18 | 4 | 4.50 |

#### In a single game

| Rank | Player | Club | Tally | Total | Opposition |
| 1 | Paudie Lynch | Kilworth | 3-04 | 13 | Dromina |
| 2 | Andrew O'Shaughnessy | Dromina | 1-08 | 11 | Kilworth |
| 2 | Cian Barry | St. Vincent's | 0-11 | 11 | Blackrock |
| 2 | Kevin Hackett | Glen Rovers | 0-11 | 11 | St. Finbarr's |
| 3 | Jer Meaney | Cobh | 2-04 | 10 | Fr. O'Neill's |
| 3 | Jer Meaney | Cobh | 2-04 | 10 | Carrigaline |
| 4 | Denis O'Regan | St. Finbarr's | 1-06 | 9 | Valley Rovers |
| 4 | Lorcán McLoughlin | Kanturk | 0-09 | 9 | Milford |
| 5 | Ciarán Sheehan | Éire Óg | 1-05 | 8 | Glen Rovers |
| 5 | Barry Hennebry | Blackrock | 1-05 | 8 | St. Finbarr's |
| 5 | John Flavin | Fr. O'Neill's | 1-05 | 8 | Cobh |
| 5 | Adrian Mannix | Kilworth | 1-05 | 8 | Dromina |
| 5 | Paul O'Sullivan | Blackrock | 0-08 | 8 | St. Vincent's |
| 5 | Jer O'Leary | Fr. O'Neill's | 0-08 | 8 | Cobh |
| 5 | Eoin Dillon | Milford | 0-08 | 8 | Glen Rovers |
| 5 | Ciarán Sheehan | Éire Óg | 0-08 | 8 | Glen Rovers |
| 5 | Adrian Mannix | Kilworth | 0-08 | 8 | Kilbrittain |
| 5 | Lorcán McLoughlin | Kanturk | 0-08 | 8 | Ballygarvan |
| 5 | Stephen White | Ballygarvan | 0-08 | 8 | Kanturk |
| 5 | Jer O'Leary | Fr. O'Neill's | 0-08 | 8 | Carrigaline |
# The Forerunner

The Forerunner is a print publication (1981-1994) and website (1996-present) that emphasizes reformation of society and biblical worldview. Contributing editors and correspondents from Russia, Ukraine, China, Latin America, South Africa and many other countries have contributed many of the articles. Students are encouraged to reprint the articles in student newspapers with the online version functioning as a "model publication."
In 1993, The Forerunner International was founded by Jay Rogers and versions of The Forerunner were published in nations such as South Africa, Russia, Ukraine, China and America. The Forerunner exists today as a grass-roots organization which is dedicated to the training of student interns to produce media. The stated goal to help fulfill the Great Commission (Matthew 28:18–20) through the arts.

## History

The Forerunner was founded by Bob Weiner and Rose Weiner and Maranatha Campus Ministries in 1981. It was conceived as a publication which would reach young people with the message of the Christian faith and especially conservativism as a counterpoint to liberalism. The method was calculated: to influence the thinking of students with biblical principles through the distribution of newspapers on the university campuses of America.
By 1983, thirty-five conservative newspapers had been started on major secular campuses and the number doubled by 1985. Even at the University of California, Berkeley campus, which had long carried the reputation of being the most liberal of academic institutions in the U.S., students were following that trend: One survey proved that twice as many Berkeley students considered themselves conservative as did those in 1971. Today there are hundreds of conservative and Christian newspapers on otherwise liberal university campuses.
The Forerunner addressed issues which were at the center of campus debate. The newspaper presented biblical alternatives to Marxism, feminism and welfare statism. The Forerunner challenged the student audience to re-evaluate the liberal bias taught in the classroom.

## Foreign language editions

By 1988, foreign language versions of The Forerunner were published by Maranatha Campus Ministries in Brazil, Indonesia and Venezuela. Among them:
* The Russian Predvestnik , was produced in Kyiv, Ukraine. This student-run publication was founded in July 1991.
* The Chinese The Mandate is produced by Churches Serving Internationals (CSI) to produce a Chinese publication, in English and Chinese, which reached Chinese students studying in the United States. The on-line version has made an impact on students and intellectuals throughout China.
* The Spanish El Campeón , a Spanish newspaper, was produced in cooperation with Champions for Christ (Campeones para Cristo) for Latin America. The goal was to distribute the newspaper in the high school and college campuses during evangelism outreaches in countries such as Peru, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Panama and Colombia. Some copies were also distributed in Cuba.