OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Tracta (dough)

Tracta, tractum (Ancient Greek: τρακτὸς, τρακτόν), also called laganon, laganum, or lagana (Ancient Greek: λάγανον), was a kind of drawn out or rolled-out pastry dough in Roman and Greek cuisines.
What exactly it was is unclear: "Latin tracta... appears to be a kind of pastry. It is hard to be sure, because its making is never described fully"; and it may have meant different things at different periods. Laganon/laganum was at different periods an unleavened bread, a pancake, or later, perhaps a sort of pasta.
Tracta is mentioned in the Apicius as a thickener for liquids. Vehling's translation of Apicius glosses it as "a piece of pastry, a round bread or roll in this case, stale, best suited for this purpose". Perry compares it to a "ship's biscuit".
It is also mentioned in Cato the Elder's recipe for placenta cake, layered with cheese.
Athenaeus's Deipnosophistae mentions a kind of cake called καπυρίδια, "known as τράκτα", which uses a bread dough, but is baked differently.
Some writers connect it to modern Italian lasagna, of which it is the etymon, but most authors deny that it was pasta.
There is a modern Greek leavened flatbread called lagana, but it is not clear when the name was first applied to a leavened bread.
# Portrait of Robert Fulton

Portrait of Robert Fulton is an 1806 portrait painting by the Anglo-American artist Benjamin West depicting the American inventor Robert Fulton.
West was an American-born artist who had emigrated to London, where he enjoyed success with his history paintings and portraits. Succeeding Joshua Reynolds, he was the second president of the Royal Academy from 1792. His career in Britain began before the American War of Independence and lasted into the Regency era.
Fulton was an American engineer who is best known for his development of North River Steamboat which ran on the Hudson River and is considered the first commercially successful steamboat in the world. He was in London and on friendly terms with West when he was painted. Today it is in the collection of the Fenimore Art Museum in Cooperstown, New York.
# Vinyl sulfone

A vinyl sulfone is an organic compound with the formula O$_2$S(CH=CH$_2$)$_2$. The molecule consisting of two vinyl groups bonded to a sulfone. It is the parent of several vinyl sulfones of the type O$_2$S(CH=CH$_2$)R. Many vinyl sulfones are known.

## Vinyl sulfones

Examples include phenyl vinyl sulfone, methyl vinyl sulfone, and ethyl vinyl sulfone.

## Preparation

Divinyl sulfone is prepared from the diacetate bis(2-hydroxyethyl)sulfide. Oxidation of this diester with hydrogen peroxide gives the sulfone. The sulfone is then pyrolyzed to induce elimination of two equivalents of acetic acid:
    (AcOCH$_2$CH$_2$)$_2$SO$_2$ → (CH$_2$=CH)$_2$SO$_2$ + 2 HOAc (Ac = acetyl)
Other vinyl sulfones are prepared analogously to the vinyl sulfone, i.e. by H$_2$O$_2$-oxidation of the sulfide.

## Reactions and uses

Vinyl sulfones are dienophiles. Subsequent to the cycloaddition to a vinyl sulfone, the phenylsulfonyl group can be removed by reduction with zinc.
Vinyl sulfones are Michael acceptors. Vinyl sulfones add thiols, such as cysteine residues. This same reactive nature is responsible for their major industrial use in vinyl sulfone dyes.
Phenyl vinyl sulfone has been applied to ruthenium chemistry as part of olefin metathesis reactions.
Vinyl sulfone has applications to protein purification, especially when linked with mercaptoethanol.

## Commercial applications

Vinyl sulfone has uses as a molluscicide pesticide.

## Safety

Like similar compounds, vinyl sulfone is a lacrymator and skin irritant. These properties are somewhat mitigated because of its low volatility.
# Zouba El-Klobatiyya

Zouba El-Klobatiyya (Arabic: زوبة الكلوباتية)(1917 - 1972) is dancer and actor Egyptian, famous for dance for Shamadan.

## Her life and career

Zainab Hussein Mustafa 'was born in the neighborhood of Al-Darb Al-Ahmar in Cairo in the year 1917, known as “Zuba Al-Kawalbati,” and the most famous dancers of her time, especially in Muhammad Ali Street Downtown Cairo, specifically in the thirties of the twentieth century, and it is said that her fame reached to the point that its statues were replaced by empty bottles The 1960s Dancing retired on the pretext that it was forbidden and headed to the Hajj, she got married at the age of thirteen of “Klopati”, he watched at the joys to perform the courtesy, but he was returning to the house at dawn and with him the dancer who was in joy, and when Zuba intercepted, he was brought to her a marriage voucher or a customary contract, then he released her after days Dancers for their experience, so Zubba decided to learn to dance and sing until her husband dispensed with the dancers, and she went to a dance house claiming `` Khadija Al-Wansh to learn to dance and sing, and she was dancing and singing to her husband, but when he learned that she learned to her divorce, that was an opportunity to start her life in art, accompanied by Khadija Al-Wansh To become a dancer Zuba and she was 60 piasters in addition to the point reaches six pounds, and she was not satisfied with dance, but she sang, and after her success she married Zuba from the singer Mohamed Al-Sagheer, and composed to her senior composers such as Kamel Al-Khola'ie and Ahmed Sabri and [[Mohamed Al-Kahlawi], and her marriage did not last for the young, and then married the musician and composer Abdel Moneim Al -Abyari.

## Al Shamadan dance

Zuba was famous for the "dance of the candlestick" and is said to be the first to dance, but according to her novel in an interview with the journalist Youssef Al -Sharif she saw a man danced with the candle in the Ezz Al -Din hall to decide to imitate the dance, although the candlestick weighs 10 kilograms, she was dancing without shaking the candle Zuba to the `` Zuba Al -Kawalbati’s play ”written by Salah Tantawi and co -starred with the singer Raja Abdo.

## Her works

Zuba participated in the movie Five Pay, and Circus Girl, and in a German movie on oriental dance, and she reached fame using the name in “` `Zuba Zubba, Zubba, Zubba, Zubba, Zubba, statues of Zubba,” and the reason for creating a statue of Zuba was the writer and artist Abdul Rahman Al -Khamisi.
# Cabo Ruivo Station

Cabo Ruivo is a station on the Red Line of the Lisbon Metro. The station is located on Av. Padua, near the intersection with Av. Infante Dom Henrique serving the Cabo Ruivo area of the city.

## History

The design is by architects João Santa-Rita, Jose-Santa Rita, Duarte Nuno Simoes and Nuno Simões, with installation art by the plastic artist David de Almeida.
vte Red Line :
Legend :
Detailed diagram :

## Connections
### Urban buses
#### Carris

* 750 Estação Oriente (Interface) ⇄ Algés
* 782 Cais do Sodré ⇄ Praça José Queirós
* 794 Terreiro do Paço ⇄ Estação Oriente (Interface)
# Calgary Wild FC

Calgary Wild FC is a professional women's soccer club based in Calgary, Alberta, that competes in the Northern Super League, a league at the top of the Canadian soccer pyramid.

## History

In December 2022, it was announced that Calgary Foothills WFC would be establishing a new franchise for the Northern Super League, which will begin play in 2025. In May 2024, the club unveiled their name and branding, the first club in the league to do so. The club's logo consists of an owl made in red and violet, colours referencing the Calgary sky, with the rivers and mountains that make up Calgary's landscape are represented, and a W above the owl's eyes, with its five points representing the Famous Five (a group of women who fought to have women recognized as persons under Canadian law) and the five nations of Treaty 7. The club will play out of McMahon Stadium, with no seating capacity restrictions.
In September 2024, it was announced that the club would assume the operations of the ASA High Performance program, operating them as their academy.

## Players and staff
### Players

    As of February 20, 2025
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| — | DF | CAN | Caleigh Boeckx |
| — | GK | CRO | Stephanie Bukovec |
| — | FW | CAN | Christie Gray |
| — | DF | NZL | Ally Green |
| — | DF | CAN | Tilly James |
| — | FW | AUS | Kahli Johnson |
| — | GK | CAN | Sarah Keilty-Dilling |
| — | DF | NZL | Meikayla Moore |
| — | MF | AFG | Farkhunda Muhtaj |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| — | MF | VEN | Sonia O'Neill |
| — | MF | CAN | Jenaya Robertson |
| — | DF | NED | Mijke Roelfsema |
| — | MF | PHI | Jaclyn Sawicki |
| — | MF | WAL | Keelyn Stewart |
| — | MF | WAL | Taegan Stewart |
| — | MF | USA | Meggie Dougherty Howard |
| — | DF | CAN | Grace Stordy |
| — | DF | CAN | Talia White |

### Current staff

    As of October 25, 2024
Executive :
| Board Chair | Deanna Zumwalt |
| Chief Executive Officer | Lara Murphy |
| Chief Financial & Operating Officer | Lisa Oldridge |
| Sporting Director | Alix Bruch |
| Coaching staff ||
| Head coach | Lydia Bedford |
| Assistant coach | Sinead McSharry |
# Answers (album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Answers is the twenty-fifth album and the eighteenth studio album by jazz fusion group Casiopea released in 1994.

## Personnel

CASIOPEA are
    Issei Noro - Guitars
    Minoru Mukaiya - keyboards
    Yoshihiro Naruse - Bass
    Noriaki Kumagai - drums

### Guest

* Michael R. Muldoon - Percussion

## Production

* Sound Produced — CASIOPEA
* Executive Producer — Yoshiaki Mizutani
* Recording & Mixing Engineer — Ross Cockle
* Assistant Engineer — Porter Miller
* Mastering Engineer — Tohru Kotetsu
* Instruments Technician — Yasushi Horiuchi, Eisuke Sasaki
* Basses Build Up Technician — Yoshiki Murayama
* Art Direction & Design — Shigekazu Tsujimori
* CG Art & Design — Keiko Akiyama
* Photograph — Junichi Takahashi, PHOTONICA, MON-TRÉSOR
* Remastering engineer — Kouji Suzuki (2016)

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog | Note |
| Japan | May 25, 1994 | Alfa Records | 12cmCD | ALCA-1001 | stereo |
| Japan | February 20, 2002 | Village Records | remastered CD | VRCL-2217 | DSD, LP paper jacket |
| Japan | March 13, 2002 | Village Records | remastered CD | VRCL-2237 | DSD |
| Japan | May 27, 2009 | Sony Music Direct | remastered CD | MHCL-20019 | DSD, Blu-spec CD, LP paper jacket |
| Japan | February 3, 2016 | Sony Music Direct | Music download | 1076273331 | iTunes Store |
| Japan | February 3, 2016 | Sony Music Direct | Music download | 4582290414102 | mora AAC-LC 320 kbit/s |
| Japan | February 3, 2016 | Sony Music Direct | Music download | A1003862569 | Recochoku AAC 320 kbit/s |
| Japan | February 3, 2016 | Sony Music Direct | Music download | B01B5AVGF6 | Amazon.com |
| Japan | February 3, 2016 | Sony Music Direct | Music download | Bhtbk3dp4bqdpp2we2asrecvjre | Google Play Music |
| Japan | July 27, 2016 | Sony Music Direct | Music download | 4582290418827 | mora DSD 2.8 MHz/1bit |
| Japan | July 27, 2016 | Sony Music Direct | Music download | smj4582290418827 | e-onkyo DSD 2.8 MHz/1bit |
| Japan | July 27, 2016 | Sony Music Direct | Music download | 11196 | HD-music DSD 2.8 MHz/1bit |
| Japan | July 27, 2016 | Sony Music Direct | Music download | 4582290418810 | mora FLAC 96.0 kHz/24bit |
| Japan | July 27, 2016 | Sony Music Direct | Music download | A2000673654 | Recochoku FLAC 96 kHz 24bit |
| Japan | July 27, 2016 | Sony Music Direct | Music download | smj4582290418810 | e-onkyo FLAC 96 kHz 24bit |
| Japan | July 27, 2016 | Sony Music Direct | Music download | 11205 | HD-music FLAC 96 kHz/24bit |
| Japan | July 27, 2016 | Sony Music Direct | Music download | ff4a51d5c8760c9ec994 | AWA 320kbit/s |
| Japan | November 10, 2016 | Sony Music Direct | Music download | 5L1OynavlRLJNmU4zDX5Qz | Spotify |
# Vishnu (band)

Vishnu was a Norwegian rock band from Tromsø.

## History

Vishnu was established in August 2002. In autumn 2004, the band won a competition for new bands in the Norwegian national broadcasting corporation NRK, together with Rumble in Rhodos and Purified in Blood. The prize was a national tour in Norway in the spring of 2005.
In 2006, the band released an EP, Lost Soul's Church, on the label Feedback Underground, distributed by Tuba Records.
In 2010 their debut album, Outskirts of Love, was released on the label Big Dipper Records. On 13 January 2013, the band's second album, Nightbeat Love was released, to great critical acclaim.
Vishnu officially disbanded on 14 November 2013, posting a picture and statement on their Facebook page.

## Band members

* Tor Thomassen – vocals
* Tom Hansen – guitar
* Eigil Moe Johansen – percussion
* Olav Solvang – bass guitar
* Stian Grønbech – keyboards

## Discography
### Studio albums

| Title | Album details |
| Outskirts of Love | Released: 1 November 2010 Label: Big Dipper Format: CD, digital download |
| Nightbeat Love | Released: 13 January 2013 Format: CD, digital download |

### Extended plays

| Title | Album details |
| Lost Soul's Church | Released: 2006 Label: Feedback Underground/Tuba Format: CD |

### Singles

| Title | Year | Album |
| "Run River Run" (with Dagny) | 2011 | Non-album single |
| "Hurricane Heart" | 2012 | Nightbeat Love |
# George Maddison (priest)

The Ven. George Maddison (9 June 1809 – 30 January 1895) was Archdeacon of Ludlow from 1877 to 1891.
Maddison was born in Lea, Lincolnshire, the son of Rev. George Maddison, Vicar of North Reston and Little Grimsby, and Elizabeth Baskett. He was educated at Jesus College, Cambridge. He was ordained deacon in 1832; and priest in 1833. Maddison held incumbencies in Cambridge, Grantham and Richard's Castle. He was also Chaplain to Henry Philpott, the Bishop of Worcester from 1861 to 1890.
He died at the Tuckhill Vicarage in Bridgnorth, aged 85. He was interred at the cemetery in Grantham.
# Scrilla

Kenneth Campbell (born June 17, 1983) known by his stage name Young Scrilla, Scrilla, or Scrillz, is an American rapper from Atlanta, Georgia. Scrilla has been active since 2006, and is a member of the Atlanta-based entertainment group, No Line Gang. He is also a former member of Young Jeezy's label CTE World. He posted via Twitter that he is no longer part of CTE World on December 31, 2012.

## Early life

Scrilla was born and raised in Atlanta, Georgia and grew up on Campbellton Road in Atlanta's zone 4. Scrilla started rapping at the young age of 11, and in 2007 Scrillz won the BMI Urban Showcase.

## Career

Ben Hill Beast In 2008, Scrilla made his debut mixtape Ben Hill Beast with direction from Franklin Family Entertainment, Don Music Group, and Nitti. Ben Hill Beast was a free release on the internet.
Smoke & Mirrors On April 20, 2011, Scrilla released Smoke & Mirrors (host Black Bill Gates) on the internet for free, which featured the remix to "I Ball, I Stunt" featuring CTE World President Young Jeezy. Shortly after Smoke & Mirrors was released Scrilla signed to CTE World.
The Demonstration On June 19, 2012, Scrilla had his first and only full-length release with CTE World The Demonstration(host Bigga Rankin) which had production and feature collaborations with Southside, Killer Mike, Young Jeezy, SuperCed, Freddie Gibbs, and more. On December 31, 2012, Scrilla announced via Twitter that he was leaving Jeezy's CTE World label, but he also expressed that there were "no hard feelings".

## Influences

Scrilla states his influences to be artists such as 2Pac, Young Jeezy, Michael Jackson, Killer Mike, Jay-Z, Anthony Hamilton, and many others.

## Discography

Mixtapes
* Ben Hill Beast (2008)
* Smoke & Mirrors (2011)
* The Demonstration (2012)
# Alina Carmen Cojocaru

Alina Carmen Cojocaru (Romanian pronunciation:) is a Romanian mathematician who works in number theory and is known for her research on elliptic curves, arithmetic geometry, and sieve theory. She is a professor of mathematics at the University of Illinois at Chicago and a researcher in the Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy.
Cojocaru earned her Ph.D. from Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, in 2002. Her dissertation, Cyclicity of Elliptic Curves Modulo p, was jointly supervised by M. Ram Murty and Ernst Kani.
Cojocaru was elected to be an American Mathematical Society (AMS) Council member at large from February 1st, 2023, to January 31st, 2024.

## Books

Cojocaru is an author of the book
* An Introduction to Sieve Methods and their Applications (with M. Ram Murty, London Mathematical Society Student Texts 66, Cambridge University Press, 2006).
She is also an editor of
* Women in Numbers: Research Directions in Number Theory (with Kristin Lauter, Rachel Justine Pries, and Renate Scheidler, Fields Institute Communications 60, American Mathematical Society, 2011).
* Scholar: A Scientific Celebration Highlighting Open Lines of Arithmetic Research: Conference in Honour of M. Ram Murty's Mathematical Legacy on His 60th Birthday (with C. David and F. Pappalardi, Contemporary Mathematics 655, American Mathematical Society, 2016)

## Selected publications

* Cojocaru, Alina Carmen; Murty, M. Ram (2004), "Cyclicity of elliptic curves modulo and elliptic curve analogues of Linnik's problem". Math. Ann. 330, no. 3, 601–625. MR 2099195.
* Cojocaru, Alina Carmen (2005), "On the surjectivity of the Galois representations associated to non-CM elliptic curves. With an appendix by Ernst Kani". Canad. Math. Bull. 48, no. 1, 16–31. MR 2118760.
* Cojocaru, Alina Carmen; Hall, Chris (2005). "Uniform results for Serre's theorem for elliptic curves". Int. Math. Res. Not., no. 50, 3065–3080. MR 2189500.
# Padmini Priyadarshini

Padmini Priyadarshini (later Padmini Ramachandran) was an Indian actor, dancer and choreographer. She acted in supporting roles during the 1950s and 1960s in Tamil, Kannada and Hindi films. She established a dancing school in Bangalore named Natya Priya and trained students in dancing. In 2013, she received Shantala Natya Sri Award from Karnataka Government.

## Personal life

Born in Mavelikkara, Kerala, she was brought up in Chennai. She learned dancing from Vazhuvoor B. Ramaiyah Pillai. Padmini Priyadarshini was married to Ramachandran from Thalassery and the couple had 3 sons and 1 daughter.

## Career

She established a dancing school in Bangalore. She has performed dance concerts with her students in countries like United Kingdom and United States. She was appointed as its Head when Karnataka government formed the 'Education Board'.

## Notable films

* Sahodhari (1959)
* Paadha Kaanikkai (1962)
* Life of Pi (2012)

## Partial filmography

(in Alphabetical order)

### English and French

* Life of Pi (film)

### Hindi

* Dil Hi To Hai
* Do Behnen (1959)

### Kannada

* Bettada Kalla
* Bhakta Markandeya
* Jagajyothi Basveshwara
* Rayara Sose

### Tamil

* Annaiyin Aanai (Dancer)
* Baghdad Thirudan
* Bhaktha Markandeya (Dancer - Pazhanimalaiyaanai)
* Deiva Balam
* Iru Sagodharigal (Dancer)
* Iruvar Ullam
* Kuravanji (Dancer)
* Maalaiyitta Mangai
* Nenjam Marappathillai
* Paadha Kaanikkai
* Petra Manam
* Rathinapuri Ilavarasi
* Sahodhari
* Thamarai Kulam
* Then Nilavu
* Vidivelli
* Bhaaga Pirivinai

### Telugu

* Kalasi Vunte Kaladu Sukham (Dancer)
* Nartanasala (Urvashi)
# 2025 Pacific Mini Games

The 12th Pacific Mini Games will be held in Koror, Palau from 25 July to 4 August 2025.

## Sports

The following sports are expected to be contested at the 2025 Pacific Mini Games:
* Athletics
* Archery
* Baseball
** Baseball
** Softball
* Basketball 3x3
* Judo
* Outrigger canoeing
* Swimming
* Table tennis
* Tennis
* Triathlon
* Volleyball
** Volleyball
** Beach volleyball
* Wrestling
* Weightlifting
# Camp Nathan Smith

Camp Nathan Smith was a former Canadian and later American military base in Kandahar, Afghanistan. Originally, it was an abandoned fruit factory. In November 2003, the site was reconstructed by US Army soldiers of C Battery, 3rd Battalion, 321st Field Artillery Regiment from Fort Bragg, North Carolina. The camp was turned over to the Canadian Forces in 2005 and named for Private Nathan Smith of the 3rd Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry. Smith was killed in the Tarnak Farm friendly fire incident.
In July 2010, the 1st Brigade Combat Team, 4th Infantry Division (United States), took command of Camp Nathan Smith. On June 19, 2011, a transfer of authority ceremony took place on Camp Nathan Smith signifying the end of 1st Brigade Combat Team, 4th Infantry Division’s deployment and the beginning of its sister brigade 2nd Brigade Combat Team, 4th Infantry Division’s partnership with the Government of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan and the Afghan National Security Forces.
The Canadians left on June 22, 2011.
On October 27, 2011, a coordinated attack from insurgents within the city occurred at Camp Nathan Smith (CNS). Although one interpreter, a member of SFA Team 5, was killed and eight ISAF soldiers were wounded, the attack was deemed unsuccessful. Camp Nathan Smith was located in the heart of Kandahar City, north of Highway 1 and south of the Canal. Its location in the heart of Kandahar City allowed ISAF forces to quickly respond to enemy attacks during the early years of the Afghan war. As Kandahar City became more peaceful its purpose changed to a place for meetings to discuss city governance, developmental projects, and to train Afghan police officers.
There was a small post exchange, a local bazaar, an aid station, a gym, a water reservoir and two dining facilities at Camp Nathan Smith. One of the dining facilities was named after Army SSG Sheldon Tate. Tate died July 13, 2010, while repelling an insurgent attack on an Afghan police compound in Kandahar City.
On July 31, 2013, Camp Nathan Smith was transferred to the Afghan Uniform Police by the US Army (1 Armored, 1st Brigade Combat Team). The Afghan Uniform Police already had a quick reaction force at the camp, and it intended to move two more police companies there. The Afghans also planned on developing a school for women at the camp. Basic infrastructure was left behind, including generators and a working fuel point.

## U.S. Commands located at Camp Nathan Smith in chronological order

* 4th Brigade Combat Team, 82nd Airborne Division (-July 2010)
* 1st Brigade, 4th Infantry Division (July 2010 - July 2011)
* 2nd Brigade, 4th Infantry Division (July 2011 - April 2012)
* 2nd Brigade, 2nd Infantry Division (April 2012 - January 2013)
* 1st Brigade, 1st Armored Division (January 2013 - July 2013)
# Cambridge Main Street Bridge

The Cambridge Main Street Bridge is a concrete bowstring arch bridge located in Cambridge, Ontario. It cost approximately $55,000 and was built by W.H. Yates Construction Company Limited, with Archibald C. Crealock listed as the principal designer. Construction lasted throughout 1931 and the official opening was held on December 22, 1931.
The bridge has a total length of 57.3 meters (188 feet) and runs from the Melville Street portion of Queens Square on the west side of Galt to Water Street on the east side. There is a single support in the middle, resulting in two spans of approximately 28 meters (92 feet). There are two lanes for vehicular traffic and sidewalks on either side for pedestrians.

## History

The interwar period was a time of increased wealth and population growth in southern Ontario. As a result, the number of automobiles on the roads surged drastically, which created a need for updated roadways and increased means of crossing the Grand River. To meet this need, four bridges were built in the area: this bridge, the Freeport Bridge and Bridgeport Bridge in Kitchener, and the Caledonia Bridge (now renamed) in Caledonia.
On August 19, 1982, it was designated as a historic place under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act (By-law 2225) and given Municipal ID (IDM) number 10817. It is also listed on the Ontario Heritage Bridge list.
In 2009, the bridge underwent repairs and reconstruction. It re-opened to the public in July, 2009.
* A view from the bridge, looking south to the Concession Street Bridge
* A view of the bridge from the west side.