OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Compound arch

A compound arch is an arch built using multiple independent sub-arches stacked vertically, with their arcs of voussoirs placed one on the top of the other. The goal of using a compound arch is usually to increase the overall strength and reliability (if only one order is fractured, the structure still stands). Each of these sub-arches, or "rings", of which the whole compound arch is composed, is called an arch order. In some compound orders their faces are in the same plane. But as a rule the orders are successively recessed, i.e. the innermost sub-arch, or order, is narrow, the next above it broader, the next is broader still, and so on.

## History

This system of concentric arches was employed by the Romans early in the 6th century BC, in the Cloaca Maxima at Rome; three orders were used where the Cloaca enters the Tiber. In the Anglo-Saxon architecture the use dates at least to the late 8th century (All Saints' Church, Brixworth with two concentric orders made of Roman bricks). The old compound arches were build from semicircular rings, but pointed arches were compounded to form the west door portal of the Assumption of Blessed Mary and St Nicholas church in Etchingham (14th century). The early French example is the church of Saint-Philbert-de-Grand-Lieu.

## Recessed orders

The recessed orders were also known in Ancient Rome (Arles Amphitheatre, 90 AD, Trier Imperial Baths, 4th century AD). They can be found in Hagia Sophia (537 AD), Basilica of Sant'Apollinare in Classe (also 6th century). Romanesque and Gothic architects clearly preferred the recessed orders; this can be partially explained by the desire to save on expensive ashlar (the core of thick walls and of the widest outer order could then be filled with cheap rubble.
* Outlet of the Cloaca Maxima
* All Saints' Church, Brixworth
* Church of the Assumption and St Nicholas, Etchingham
* Church of Saint-Philbert-de-Grand-Lieu
# Ontbijtkoek

An ontbijtkoek (Dutch pronunciation: ; lit. 'breakfast cake'), peperkoek (pronounced ; 'pepper cake') or kruidkoek (pronounced ; 'spice cake') is a Dutch and Flemish spiced cake. Rye and dark brown basterdsuiker are its most important ingredient, coloring the cake light brown. It is often spiced with cloves, cinnamon, ginger, succade and nutmeg. Several parts of the Netherlands have their own local recipe, of which the most famous is oudewijvenkoek (old woman's cake), which is mostly eaten in the northern regions, and is flavored with aniseed. Ontbijtkoek is traditionally served at breakfast with a thick layer of butter on top, as a replacement for bread, however, due to its sweet taste it is also served as a snack. It is best eaten the day after it is baked, but has a shelve life of several weeks at room temperatures, without it spoiling, due to the pH, sugar content and used spices.
Ontbijtkoek resembles somewhat a soft gingerbread cake, but then with much less ginger, hardly any fat and more sugar. The sugar used is the typical Dutch basterdsuiker, an aromatic, moist and fine sugar, which gives a baking product its typical brown color and smooth texture. Basterdsuiker is protected by the EU and acknowledged as a Traditional speciality guaranteed.
Its also used for koekhappen, the Dutch traditional game.
Ontbijtkoek is also found in Indonesia due to its historical colonization by The Netherlands.

## Acrylamide

It has been found that ontbijtkoek can contain high levels of acrylamide, which was once regarded as a potential carcinogen.
# Domino (rapper)

Shawn Antoine Ivy, known as Domino, (born March 17, 1972 in St. Louis, Missouri), is an American rapper. He resides in Long Beach, California. Being a Crip himself, he auditioned for the Bloods & Crips project in the early 1990s. He is the first rapper, in order of appearance, in the title track Bangin' on Wax on the album of the same name. His debut album, Domino, spawned two major hits in the United States, including the Top 10 hit "Getto Jam", which reached No. 7 on the Billboard Hot 100. Several further albums were released, and Domino continued to score hits on the R&B charts into the 2000s (decade).
In 1996, Domino appeared on the Red Hot Organization's compilation CD, America is Dying Slowly, alongside Biz Markie, Wu-Tang Clan, and Fat Joe, among many other prominent hip hop artists. The CD, meant to raise awareness of the AIDS epidemic among African American men, was heralded as "a masterpiece" by the Source magazine. He also performed on many soundtracks, including The Show, The Mask, Clueless, Blankman, Tales From the Hood and Spooky House.
While his self-titled debut album was critically and commercially well-received, many were quick to point out that his style was similar to that of fellow Long Beach resident and up-and-coming Dr. Dre protégé, Snoop Doggy Dogg. Three years later, Domino released his second album, Physical Funk, which failed to become as successful as its predecessor. He is a born-again Christian.

## Discography
### Albums

| Year | Album | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Certifications |
| Year | Album | U.S. | U.S. R&B | Certifications |
| 1993 | Domino Released: December 7, 1993 Label: Outburst / Def Jam | 39 | 10 | US: Gold |
| 1996 | Physical Funk Released: June 11, 1996 Label: Outburst / Def Jam | 152 | 34 | |
| 1997 | Dominology Released: September 2, 1997 Label: Domino Entertainment/Thug Records | — | — | |
| 1997 | The World of Dominology Released: November 4, 1997 Label: Caw Records/Cyber Records/Domino/DCC Compact Classics | — | — | |
| 1999 | Remember Me Released: February 9, 1999 Label: K-Town Records | — | — | |
| 2001 | D-Freaked It Released: June 19, 2001 Label: Slipdisc | – | 95 | |
| 2001 | Getto Released: August 28, 2001 Label: Pioneer | – | – | |
| 2004 | Domination Released: October 26, 2004 Label: Thump Records | – | – | |
| 2014 | Get It Right Released: January 21, 2014 Label: Premium Sol Entertainment | – | – | |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Chart positions | Chart positions | Chart positions | Album |
| Year | Single | U.S. Hot 100 | U.S. R&B | U.S. Rap | Album |
| 1993 | "Getto Jam" | 7 | 4 | 1 | Domino |
| 1994 | "Sweet Potatoe Pie" | 27 | 13 | 3 | Domino |
| 1994 | "Money is Everything" | - | - | - | Domino |
| 1994 | "Long Beach Thang" | - | - | - | Domino |
| 1995 | "Tales from the Hood" | 103 | 51 | 8 | Tales from the Hood |
| 1996 | "Physical Funk" | 87 | 46 | 11 | Physical Funk |
| 1996 | "So Fly" | 112 | 64 | 17 | Physical Funk |
| 2001 | "Like That" | – | 88 | 8 | D-Freaked It |
# Dubee

Major Norton, better known by his stage name Dubee, is an American rapper from Vallejo, California.

## Biography

A longtime player in the Northern California Bay Area rap scene, he is a former player of the City College of San Francisco's football team, where he was a running back and ranks 4th in the college's all-time single season rushing yards list and 8th in the all-time career rushing yards category.
Dubee signed his first deal with local producer Khayree Shaheed's Young Black Brotha Records in 1995 and released an album titled Dubee AKA Sugawolf (known as just Dubee at the time) on the imprint through Atlantic Records. He has been a long collaborator with performers from Northern California (such as label mates Ray Luv and Young Lay) and beyond.

## Discography
### Studio albums

* Dubee a.k.a. Sugawolf (1995)
* For That Scrilla (1997)
* Dangerous Prospects (1999)
* 100% G-Shit (2001)
* Turf Matic (2003)
* Why Change Now? (2005)
* Last of a Thizzin' Breed (2008)
* Thizzmatic (2008)
* Da "T" (2009)
* The Furly Ghost Volume 2 (2010)

### Collaboration albums

* Turf Buccaneers with Cutthroat Committee (2001)
* Money iz Motive with Cutthroat Committee (2005)

### Compilation albums

* Best of Sugawolf Pimp (2007)

### Extended plays

* Free with Little Bruce (2014)
# Kalyan Singh of Sikar

Kalyan Singh (28 June 1886 – 5 November 1967) was the Rao Raja of Sikar from 1922 until his death in 1967.

## Birth

He was born on 20 June 1880 at Deeppura to Dalip Singh.

## Succession

When Madho Singh died in 1922 without leaving an heir to succeed him, the Maharaja of Jaipur selected Kalyan to succeed to the rank, title, and dignity of the deceased. He accordingly succeeded him on 28 June 1922. He was the nephew of his predecessor Madho Singh.

## Reign

He received the title of Bahadur from the Maharaja of Jaipur as a personal distinction on 20 November 1922. He constructed a clock tower, Kalyan Hospital, and a college. The relations between him and Man Singh II became strained over the years due to the latter's excessive interference in the administration of Sikar. The dispute escalated further when Man Singh II insisted on sending Kalyan’s only son, Hardayal Singh, to England for higher studies and disagreed with the bride chosen for him. To compel him to give up, Kalyan was continuously summoned to Jaipur, and an unsuccessful attempt was made to arrest him by force at Sikar. In the end, Kalyan assembled a force of armed Rajputs and Qaimkhanis in the fort of Sikar to oppose the forces sent by the Jaipur State. Before a clash between them could occur, A.C. Lothian, Agent to the Governor General in Rajputana, visited Sikar, arranged a settlement, and took Kalyan with him to Ajmer. However, at Ajmer, he was declared a lunatic, thus incapable of managing his own property, and was deposed. Afterward, the superintendence of Sikar was placed under the Court of Wards. It was only after five years that Kalyan was allowed to return to Sikar. On 20 July 1948, he celebrated his Silver Jubilee, the twenty-fifth anniversary of his accession to the throne of Sikar. In 1954, the administration of Sikar was taken over by the Government of India, and in return, he was given compensation.

## Philanthropy

He was a man of charitable disposition and had spent a large amount for the welfare of the people of Sikar and on charitable institutions. In 1960, when Shree Kalyan Arogya Sadan (T.B. Sanatorium) was constructed in Sikar, he donated land and some buildings for it.

## Personal life

He married the daughter of Thakur Madho Singh of Sirana in Ajmer before his succession as Rao Raja of Sikar. He had two sons, Narain Singh, who died in infancy, and Hardayal Singh, who died in 1958 in Jaipur, as well as two daughters. His eldest daughter, Phool Kanwar, married Thakur Umaid Singh of Nimaj, and his youngest daughter married Kanwar Chiman Singh of Chanod. As both of his sons had predeceased him, he adopted Bikram Singh as his son and heir.

## Death

He died on 5 November 1967 at Sikar and was succeeded by Bikram Singh.
# Electoral district of Thornlie

Thornlie is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia. It is located in Perth's southeastern suburbs, and is named after the suburb of Thornlie.
Thornlie was first created for the 1989 state election. It was abolished in a redistribution prior to the 2005 election, but was recreated for the 2017 election to replace the abolished seat of Gosnells. When Thornlie recreated it had a notional 1.8-point majority for the Labor Party (based on the results of the 2013 election), and was considered a marginal seat.

## History

Thornlie was first created for the 1989 state election. It largely replaced the abolished district of Gosnells and was won by incumbent Gosnells MP Yvonne Henderson. It was held at all times by the Labor Party.
The district was abolished ahead of the 2005 state election. At that time, it included the entirety of the suburbs of Thornlie and Langford as well as parts of the suburbs of Canning Vale, Ferndale, Kenwick, Lynwood and Maddington. Its territory was divided between the existing districts of Riverton and Southern River, as well as the new district of Kenwick. Sitting MP Sheila McHale contested and won the seat of Kenwick.
Upon its recreation prior to the 2017 state election, Thornlie had a notional 1.8-point majority for the Labor Party. Incumbent Gosnells MP Chris Tallentire contested Thornlie and won the seat with a 14% swing in his favour, thus making Thornlie a safe Labor seat.

## Members for Thornlie

First incarnation (1989–2005) :
| Member | Member | Party | Term |
| | Yvonne Henderson | Labor | 1989–1996 |
| | Sheila McHale | Labor | 1996–2005 |
| Second incarnation (2017–present) ||||
| | Chris Tallentire | Labor | 2017–2025 |
| | Colleen Egan | Labor | 2025–present |

## Election results

2025 Western Australian state election: Thornlie :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Labor | Colleen Egan | 9,984 | 47.0 | −26.8 |
| | Liberal | Mahesh Arumugam | 3,152 | 14.9 | +0.7 |
| | Independent | Kevin McDonal | 2,299 | 10.8 | +10.8 |
| | Greens | Adam Abdul Razak | 2,172 | 10.2 | +5.3 |
| | One Nation | Timothy Larcombe | 1,700 | 8.0 | +8.0 |
| | Christians | Madeleine Goiran | 1,138 | 5.4 | +1.1 |
| | Legalise Cannabis | Fred Mulholland | 780 | 3.7 | +3.7 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 21,225 | 94.1 | −1.8 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 1,327 | 5.9 | +1.8 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 22,552 | 70.6 | −7.2 |
| Two-party-preferred result ||||||
| | Labor | Colleen Egan | 14,727 | 69.4 | −11.1 |
| | Liberal | Mahesh Arumugam | 6,480 | 30.6 | +11.1 |
| | Labor hold | Labor hold | Swing | −11.1 | |
# Tadeusz Kowalczyk

Tadeusz Kowalczyk (5 January 1933 – 15 May 2022) was a Polish politician. A member of the Solidarity Citizens' Committee, he served in the Sejm from 1989 to 1993. He died on 15 May 2022 at the age of 89.
# Lewis Johnson (commentator)

Lewis Johnson (born 13 December 1962) is an American sports commentator and sports reporter. He is one of the few sports broadcasters to have worked for ABC, NBC and CBS. He has also worked for Westwood One, ESPN, the Pac-12 Network and Turner Sports.
Lewis is a graduate of the University of Cincinnati. The 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) Lewis placed 8th in the 800 meters at the 1987 NCAA Championships with his personal record of 1:47.00.

## Career history

Johnson has worked for NBC since the 2000 Summer Olympics. He has covered Notre Dame football, the NBA, and the AFL as well as nine Olympic and two Paralympic games.
He has also worked for NBCSN, the Pac-12 Network, ESPN/ABC, CBS Sports and Turner Sports as well as Westwood One.

### Career timeline

1999-2021 Bayou Classic on NBC Sideline reporter.
* Olympics on NBC (2000-present)
* Pac-12 Network football sideline reporter (2014–present)
* NBA on TNT playoff sideline reporter (2011–2017); (2019)
* NCAA March Madness (CBS/Turner) sideline reporter (2011–2017)
* NFL on Westwood One Sports sideline reporter (2012)
* College Football on ESPN sideline reporter (2012–2013)
* SEC on CBS sideline reporter (2011)
* College Football on Westwood One Sports sideline reporter (2008–2011)
* College Football on Versus sideline reporter (2007–2010)
* AFL on NBC sideline reporter (2003–2006)
* Notre Dame Football on NBC sideline reporter (2001–2006)
* NBA on NBC sideline reporter (2001–2002)
* College Football on ABC sideline reporter (1995–1999)
# Manhattan Special

Manhattan Special is a beverage company located in Brooklyn, New York. The company was founded in 1895 and is located in the neighborhood of Williamsburg. Their most famous product is their Espresso Coffee Soda, made with espresso beans, seltzer water, and sugar. The name of the company originated from the location of its plant on Manhattan Avenue.
Although best known for their coffee beverages, Manhattan Special also produces a line of more traditional sodas. It uses all natural flavors. Flavors include vanilla cream soda, cherry, sarsaparilla, orange, and gassosa (lemon/lime).
Manhattan Special is mentioned in the film Sing Sing as a beverage one of the prisoners loved to drink with his wife before his incarceration.
# Qarah Kowshan

Qarah Kowshan (Persian: قره كوشن) is a village in Ujan-e Gharbi Rural District of the Central District in Bostanabad County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 844 in 138 households. The following census in 2011 counted 792 people in 216 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 725 people in 200 households.
# Sam Shepherd

Sam Shepherd may refer to:
* Samuel Shepherd, British barrister
* Sam Shepherd (Groveland Four), American man killed by Sheriff Willis V. McCall
* Sam Shepherd (basketball), Venezuelan basketball player
* Floating Points, the recording and performing moniker of electronic musician Sam Shepherd
# The High Windows (album)

The High Windows (Hebrew: החלונות הגבוהים, HaKhalonot HaGvohim) is the debut and only studio album by the Israeli pop group The High Windows. Released in 1967, a few of its tracks became milestones of the Israeli pop music. The song Zemer Nuge was written by Rachel Bluwstein. In 2007, forty years after its original release date, a remastered edition was released and went platinum in Israel.

## Personnel

Band members:
** Arik Einstein - Vocals
** Shmulik Kraus - Guitars, Vocals, Composing
** Josie Katz - Vocals
Other musicians involved in the recording were:
** Zigi Skarbnik - Piano, Pipe Organ, Vocals
** Shmuel Arokh - Bass Guitar
** Zohar Levi - Drums

## Track listing

* "Yekhezqel" (יחזקאל, Ezekiel) – 3:14
* "Einech Yekhola" (אינך יכולה, You Can't) – 2:41
* "Chayal Shel Shoqolad" (חייל של שוקולד, Chocolate Soldier) – 2:58
* "Ahava Rishona" (אהבה ראשונה, First Love) – 2:47
* "Eyfo Hem Kol Avoteynu" (איפה הם כל אבותינו, Where Are All of our Ancestors) – 3:23
* "Kol HaShavu'a Lach" (כל השבוע לך, The Whole Week for You) – 3:02
* "Zemer Noogeh" (זמר נוגה, Doleful Singing) – 2:33
* "Boobah Zehava" (בובה זהבה, Zehava Doll) – 3:19
* "Az Ma" (אז מה, So What) – 3:26
* "Horosqop" (הורוסקופ, Horoscope) – 2:51
* "Yalda Qt'ana" (ילדה קטנה, Little Girl) – 3:18
# Luzitano Futebol Clube

Luzitano Futebol Clube, commonly known as Luzitano, was a Brazilian football club from São Paulo, São Paulo state. They competed in the Campeonato Paulista three times.

## History

Luzitano Futebol Clube was founded January 1, 1920, by Portuguese expatriates living in Brás neighborhood, São Paulo city, hence the club's name. They won the Campeonato Paulista Série B, organized by the Associação Paulista de Esportes Atléticos (APEA) in 1929, and in 1935 they won promotion to the Campeonato Paulista after winning the Campeonato Paulista Série A2. The club competed in the Campeonato Paulista for the first time in 1936, the competition was organized by the Liga Paulista de Foot-Ball (LPF), and they finished in the 11th position out of 12 clubs. Luzitano finished in the 10th position out of 10 teams in the First Stage of the 1937 edition of the league, thus failing to qualify for the Second Stage of the competition. The club participated in the Campeonato Paulista for the last time in 1938, when they finished in the 11th position, and won two games.

## Honours

* Campeonato Paulista Série A2
** Winners (1): 1935
* Campeonato Paulista Série A3
** Winners (1): 1931
* Campeonato Paulista Série A4
** Winners (1): 1929
# Deutsche Vereinigung

Deutsche Vereinigung (DV), or the German Union (Polish: Zjednoczenie Niemieckie), was a Nazi German extreme right-wing political party founded in 1934 by members of the ethnic German minority residing in the Second Polish Republic.

## History

The organization was established on September 8, 1934, in Bydgoszcz after solving the "German Union in Sejm and Senate". The organization included German minority organizations from northern Poland, such as the "Block of Unity" operating in Poznań, "Young German Block" from Grudziądz and the "German Central Election Commission" operating in Pomerania. Within 1,5 year, 150 branches were established, and by May 1934, the DV already had 16,474 members. At the turn of 1935/36, the number of members increased to 27,804. In the spring of 1939, the DV had about 35,000 members in the provinces of Poznań and Pomerania, which made it the second largest organization of the German minority in Poland. Organizationally, the DV, like other German organizations in pre-war Poland, was subject to the Hauptamt Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle, headed by Obergruppenführer Werner Lorenz. DV published three newspapers, "Deutsche Rundschau in Polen" (Bydgoszcz), "Posener Tageblatt" (Poznań) and "Pommereller Tageblatt" (Tczew), which met primarily the goals of agitation. The German Union competed with another organization of the German minority in Poland - the Jungdeutsche Partei. On January 21, 1940, the German Union was dissolved.

## Bloody Sunday

On September 4, 1939, during the Bydgoszcz bloody Sunday, German saboteurs in the village of Prądy (Bydgoszcz County) fired on withdrawing units of the Polish 15th Infantry Division, in retaliation, 15 Germans were shot (including Ferdinand Dreger, Gustav Dreger, Gustav Rudolf Kopiske, Ferdinand Giese).

## Uniforms and symbols

During the meetings the members of DV wore a uniform outfit consisting of black pants or a skirt, a white shirt and a black tie. Wearing these clothes in public places was forbidden and resulted in a fine for the infringement. The DV sign was a white arrow on the black background - the Tiwaz.
# St. Joseph Neighborhood Historic District

St. Joseph Neighborhood Historic District is a national historic district located at Indianapolis, Indiana. The district encompasses 57 contributing buildings in a predominantly residential section of Indianapolis. It was developed between about 1855 and 1930, and include representative examples of Italianate and Queen Anne style architecture. Located in the district are the separately listed Bals-Wocher House, William Buschmann Block, Delaware Court, Pearson Terrace, and The Spink. Other notable buildings include the Christian Place complex, Fishback-Vonnegut-New House, Henry Hilker House, Apollo-Aurora Rowhouses, Israel Traub Store (c. 1865), and Lorenzo Moody House.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.