OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Serafim Subbotin

Serafim Pavlovich Subbotin (Russian: Серафим Павлович Субботин; 15 January 1921 – 22 April 1996) was a MiG-15 pilot of the Soviet Union. He was a flying ace during the Korean War, with around 9 victories. He was awarded Hero of the Soviet Union. Some sources claim he had up to 15 victories, though most sources indicate 9.
# John Nathan Levine

John Nathan "Dutch" Levine (January 19, 1881 – January 6, 1950) was an American college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Davidson College in 1908 and at Transylvania University from 1909 to 1911, compiling a career coaching record of 12–16–5.
Levine moved from Great Neck, New York to Farmington, Maine in 1949. He died at his home there, on January 6, 1950.

## Head coaching record

| Year | Team | Overall |
| Davidson (Independent) (1908) ||||||
| 1908 | Davidson | 5–3–1 |
| Davidson: | Davidson: | 5–3–1 |
| Transylvania Crimsons (Independent) (1909–1911) ||||||
| 1909 | Transylvania | 1–5–3 |
| 1910 | Transylvania | 3–4 |
| 1911 | Transylvania | 3–4–1 |
| Transylvania: | Transylvania: | 7–13–4 |
| Total: | Total: | 12–16–5 |
# Layer cake representation

In mathematics, the layer cake representation of a non-negative, real-valued measurable function $f$ defined on a measure space $(\Omega ,{\mathcal {A}},\mu )$ is the formula
    $f(x)=\int _{0}^{\infty }1_{L(f,t)}(x)\,\mathrm {d} t,$
for all $x\in \Omega$, where $1_{E}$ denotes the indicator function of a subset $E\subseteq \Omega$ and $L(f,t)$ denotes the super-level set
    $L(f,t)=\{y\in \Omega \mid f(y)\geq t\}.$
The layer cake representation follows easily from observing that
    $1_{L(f,t)}(x)=1_{[0,f(x)]}(t)$
and then using the formula
    $f(x)=\int _{0}^{f(x)}\,\mathrm {d} t.$
The layer cake representation takes its name from the representation of the value $f(x)$ as the sum of contributions from the "layers" $L(f,t)$: "layers"/values $t$ below $f(x)$ contribute to the integral, while values $t$ above $f(x)$ do not. It is a generalization of Cavalieri's principle and is also known under this name.$^{:cor.2.2.34}$
An important consequence of the layer cake representation is the identity
$\int _{\Omega }f(x)\,\mathrm {d} \mu (x)=\int _{0}^{\infty }\mu (\{x\in \Omega \mid f(x)>t\})\,\mathrm {d} t,$
which follows from it by applying the Fubini-Tonelli theorem.
An important application is that $L^{p}$ for $1\leq p<+\infty$ can be written as follows
$\int _{\Omega }|f(x)|^{p}\,\mathrm {d} \mu (x)=p\int _{0}^{\infty }s^{p-1}\mu (\{x\in \Omega \mid \,|f(x)|>s\})\mathrm {d} s,$
which follows immediately from the change of variables $t=s^{p}$ in the layer cake representation of $|f(x)|^{p}$.
This representation can be used to prove Markov's inequality and Chebyshev's inequality.
# Symphonica in Rosso

Symphonica in Rosso is a cd and dvd of the Dutch singer Marco Borsato. It was recorded during his Symphonica in Rosso concerts in 2006, in the GelreDome in Arnhem.
He has sold over 160,000 DVDs and 70,000 albums.

## Track listing

CD1
* "Rood" - 8:40
* "Jij alleen" - 3:22
* "Het water" - 5:36
* "Italiaanse Medley" - 5:56
* "Zij" - 4:32
* "Ik heb genoeg aan jou" - 3:13
* "Afscheid nemen bestaat niet" - 3:46
* "Vrij zijn" - 4:24
* "Dromer" - 6:07
* "Waarom" - 5:13
* "Because We Believe" met Andrea Bocelli - 4:47
* "Ik leef niet meer voor jou" - 5:53
CD2
* "Alleen" - 2:55
* "Zeg me wie je ziet" - 3:19
* "Wat zou je doen?" met Ali B - 3:49
* "Je hoeft niet naar huis vannacht" - 3:08
* "De waarheid" - 5:27
* "De bestemming" - 3:30
* "Dromen zijn bedrog" met Ali B & Yes-R - 6:09
* "Als alle lichten zijn gedoofd" - 4:38
* "Als jij maar naar me lacht" - 5:30
* "Everytime I Think of You" met Lucie Silvas - 4:19
* "Binnen" - 8:45
# Jocko Henderson

Douglas "Jocko" Henderson (March 8, 1918 – July 15, 2000) was an American radio disc jockey, businessman, and hip hop music pioneer.

## Early life

Henderson grew up in Baltimore, where both of his parents were teachers.

## Radio broadcasting

Henderson began his broadcast career in 1952 at Baltimore station WSID, and in 1953 began broadcasting in Philadelphia on WHAT. He hosted a show called Jocko's Rocket Ship Show out of New York radio stations WOV and WADO and Philadelphia stations WHAT and WDAS from 1954 to 1964, which was an early conduit for rock & roll. He was known for a distinctive style of rhythmic patter in his radio voice, which he had learned from a Baltimore deejay, Maurice "Hot Rod" Hulbert. This fast-talking jive was exemplary of the style of Black Appeal Radio, which emerged in the early 1950s after black urban stations switched to playing bebop. With a heavy reliance on rapping and rhyming, the double entendres and street slang were a hit with audiences. Henderson continued on the stations WDAS and WHAT until 1974, deejaying in Philadelphia and New York as well as hosting concerts in both cities and a TV music program in New York. In addition to Philadelphia, New York, and Baltimore, Henderson was also broadcast on stations in St. Louis, Detroit, Miami, and Boston.

## Payola and Scepter Records

In the 1950s and early 1960s it was common practice for record companies to lavish gifts on disc jockeys in exchange for airplay of their songs. This was known as "payola", and starting in 1959 it was the subject of Congressional hearings condemning the practice. New York disc jockey Alan Freed's career ended when he was convicted of two counts of commercial bribery. Wand, a subsidiary of Scepter Records, created greatest hits collections for Henderson called Jocko's Show Stoppers and Jocko's Rocket to the Stars. Scepter also gave him publishing rights to songs such as "Baby It's You" and "Will You Love Me Tomorrow", which he eventually sold to avoid suffering the same fate as Freed.

## Later life

In 1978, Henderson made an unsuccessful bid for a seat in the United States House of Representatives in Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. He also made some early rap records, recording 12" singles for Philadelphia International and Sugar Hill Records. He continued deejaying on oldies stations into the 1990s. He died in 2000 after a long battle with cancer and diabetes.

## Reception, retrospect and influence

The Broadcast Pioneers of Philadelphia inducted Henderson into their Hall of Fame in 2004.
In a 2013 interview, Questlove described Jocko Henderson as "unofficially the first MC" (adapting a jazz style of scat singing in the late disco era), and stated that he was a major influence on the earliest rap and hip-hop in Philadelphia in the late 1970s.

## Discography

* "A little bit of everything" (circa 1963?)
* "Blast Off to Love" (circa 1963?)
* "Rhythm Talk" (Philadelphia International, 1979)
* "The Rocketship" (Philadelphia International, 1979)
* "Everybody's Uptight (Trying to Get Their Money Right)" (Sugar Hill Records, 1983)
# Michael Condon

Mike Condon or Michael Condon is the name of:
* Mike Condon (rugby), a Welsh rugby player
* Mike Condon (ice hockey), an American ice hockey goaltender
* Michael Condon Memorial Award, named after an American Hockey League linesman
# Chung Ling Butterworth High School

Chung Ling (N.T.) High School Butterworth (simplified Chinese: 北海锺灵国民型华文中学; traditional Chinese: 北海鍾靈国民型華文中學; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pak-hái Chong-lêng tiong-o̍h; Malay: Sekolah Menengah Jenis Kebangsaan Chung Ling Butterworth) is a secondary school in Malaysia. The Butterworth branch of Penang Chung Ling High School was established in the year of 1986 under the initiative of its Directors Board. Following the footsteps of the main school, Chung Ling Butterworth only accepts students with good grades in their Standard Six Examination (UASA).
Chung Ling Butterworth High School is one of the handful of schools that conform to the government's policy of 60-40.

## Location

The school is located in Butterworth, Penang, near Jalan Ong Yi How and Raja Uda
# Mammy market

Mammy Market is a feature within Nigerian military barracks and National Youth Service Corps camps. It plays a role as a social and economic centre for military personnel and their families. The history of Mammy Markets is associated with Mammy Maria Ochefu, who, in 1959, embarked on a venture to supplement her family's income by selling soft drinks, including the millet-based beverage known as kunu. Her determination, coupled with the support of the barracks community, led to the establishment of dedicated spaces within barracks for her enterprise, giving rise to what is now known as "Mammy Market."
These markets have evolved beyond their military origins, expanding to various military installations across Nigeria and even finding a place in NYSC camps and academic institutions, where areas for food sales are often informally referred to as "Mammy Markets." Today, Mammy Markets continue to serve as commercial centers, offering a range of products, including food, clothing, electronics, and household items.

## History

Mammy Markets, now integral to Nigerian military life, have their origins in the initiative of Mammy Maria Ochefu. In 1959, Mammy Maria Ochefu, a new resident at the Army Barracks in Abakpa, Enugu, sought to earn extra income. Her venture began with the sale of soft drinks, including the popular millet-based beverage known as kunu. Soldiers were drawn to her doorstep due to the freshness and nutritional value of her kunu.
However, her entrepreneurial endeavour faced opposition from the Regiment Sergeant Major (RSM), who cited concerns about flies attracted by the open-air sales. The RSM ordered Mammy Ode to stop making and selling kunu. Mammy Ode and her husband, a non-commissioned military officer, hesitated to challenge the RSM's authority.
Word of the situation spread throughout the barracks, garnering support from soldiers, officers, and civilians. They emphasized the positive impact of Mammy Ode's kunu on the barracks community. Eventually, the RSM yielded to the pressure, allowing Mammy Ode a dedicated space within the barracks for her business.
Mammy Ode's stall quickly became a hub of activity, with her kunu in high demand. Other women within the barracks followed suit, setting up stalls and diversifying their offerings. The sector of the barracks housing this bustling marketplace came to be known as "Mammy Market." Over time, Mammy Markets expanded beyond individual barracks to military installations across Nigeria.
The influence of Mammy Markets extended beyond the military, reaching National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) camps and even some educational institutions, where areas for food sales were colloquially referred to as "Mammy Market."

## Development and structure

Mammy Markets are typically found within or near military barracks and National Youth Service Corps camps, offering a range of products, including food, clothing, electronics, and household items. Many Mammy Markets have modernized, featuring mini supermarkets, restaurants, and salons.
# Addison station (CTA Blue Line)

Addison is a station on the Chicago Transit Authority's 'L' system, serving the Blue Line. It is also the only station whose coordinates are equal (3600 N/3600 W). It is the first station in the median of the Kennedy Expressway located between the Avondale neighborhood and Irving Park neighborhood. The Villa District is accessible by this station.

## History

Addison station opened in 1970 as part of an extension of the West-Northwest route to Jefferson Park in the median of the Kennedy Expressway, similar to that of Montrose station. During rush hour, trains bound for O'Hare Airport run every 4–10 minutes while trains headed for the Loop and Forest Park run every 3–10 minutes. From Addison station, trains take about 20 minutes to travel to the Loop.

## Station renovation

In 2016, the station underwent renovations which added the elevator, making the station accessible to passengers with disabilities.

## Bus connections

CTA
* 152 Addison
# Town Topics (magazine)

Town Topics: The Journal of Society was a magazine published in New York City by William d'Alton Mann and others from 1879 to 1937 (v. 1-105, no. 56). Title varies: Andrew's American Queen; Art, Music, Literature and Society (Jan. 1879-Sept. 16, 1882); and American Queen (Sept. 23, 1882-Feb. 21, 1885)
The magazine had begun life some years earlier as The American Queen, edited by Louis Keller, the founder of the Social Register, and "dedicated to art, music, literature, and society." Under Mann, however, it ripened into a scandal sheet, faithfully reporting high-society peccadilloes and often identifying perpetrators by name. It was possible for the wealthy public figures to delay or bury a story by buying some advertising in the newspaper. The main method it used was to print an innocuous article with the name of the individual on which it had a piece of hot gossip. On the other side of the page would be a blind piece going into the scandal without the name of the person involved. By running the article giving identification and the scandal separately it was possible for Mann to avoid liability for extortion, libel and slander.
The publication was responsible for the divorce of Emily Post from her husband, Edwin in 1906, when the magazine's most popular feature, titled “Saunterings," exposed Mr. Post's affair with another woman.
# Jeremy Harper (politician)

Jeremy Harper is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Yukon Legislative Assembly in the 2021 Yukon general election. He represents the electoral district of Mayo-Tatchun as a member of the Yukon Liberal Party.
A member of the Selkirk First Nation, he has served as a band councillor and recreation coordinator for the community and is a member of the Canadian Rangers.

## Electoral record

vte2021 Yukon general election: Mayo-Tatchun :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Liberal | Jeremy Harper | 238 | 37.65 | -7.6% |
| | New Democratic | Patty Wallingham | 208 | 32.91 | +1.0% |
| | Yukon Party | Peter Grundmanis | 186 | 29.43 | +6.7% |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 632 |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | |
| Eligible voters | Eligible voters | Eligible voters | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | Swing | -4.11 |
| Source(s) "Unofficial Election Results 2021". Elections Yukon. Retrieved 24 April 2021. |||||||
# Emilie Fleten

Emilie Fleten (born 9 June 1992) is a Norwegian cross-country skier who represents the club Gol IL.
Her achievements include victories in Vasaloppet in 2023 and 2024. In January 2024 she won the women's class of Marcialonga 2024 and again in 2025. By winning the ski race Janteloppet [no] in April 2024, she thus won the overall 2023/24 season of Ski Classics.
# Control (Matrix & Futurebound song)

"Control" is a song by British drum and bass production duo Matrix & Futurebound. It was released on 29 December 2013. The song peaked at number seven on the UK Singles Chart, making it the duo's most commercially successful single to date. It was included on the duo's 2019 album Mystery Machine.

## Music video

The official video for "Control" premiered on 7 November 2013 through UKF Drum & Bass, at a total length of 3 minutes and 48 seconds.

## Chart performance
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2014) | Peak position |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 97 |
| Scotland (OCC) | 7 |
| UK Dance (OCC) | 2 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 7 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Gold | 400,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Country | Release date | Format |
| Worldwide | 29 December 2013 (2013-12-29) | Digital download |
# Cornelis Rugier Willem Karel van Alderwerelt van Rosenburgh

Cornelis Rugier Willem Karel van Alderwerelt van Rosenburgh (Java Island, 23 December 1863 – The Hague, 1 March 1936) was a Dutch botanist.
The standard author abbreviation Alderw. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name. Many older texts instead use the abbreviation "v.A.v.R."

## Works

* Malayan ferns. 1908
* Malayan fern allies. Handbook to the determination of the fern allies of the Malayan islands (incl. those of the Malay peninsula, the Philippines and New Guinea). – Batavia: Department of Agriculture, Industry and Commerce Netherlands India, 1915. Disponible en téléchargement (Première édition : 1908), Supplément en 1917).
* Malayan ferns and fern allies. 1917.
* New and Interesting Malayan Ferns. A series of papers, published in the Bulletin du Départmente de l'Agriculture aux Indes Néerlandaises and the Bulletin du Jardin de Botanique Buitenzorg:
** New or interesting Malayan ferns. Bull. Dept. Agric. Indes Néerlandaises. 18: 1–28. 1908.
** New or interesting Malayan ferns 2. Bull. Dept. Agric. Indes Néerlandaises. 21: 1–9. 1908.
** New or interesting Malayan ferns 3. Bull. Jard. Bot. Buit. II, 1: 1–29. 1911.
** New or interesting Malayan ferns 4. Bull. Jard. Bot. Buit. II, 7: 1–41. 1912.
** New or interesting Malayan ferns 5. Bull. Jard. Bot. Buit. II, 11: 1–38. 1913.
** New or interesting Malayan ferns 6. Bull. Jard. Bot. Buit. II, 16: 1–60. 1914.
** New or interesting Malayan ferns 7. Bull. Jard. Bot. Buit. II, 20: 1–28. 1915.
** New or interesting Malayan ferns 8. Bull. Jard. Bot. Buit. II, 23: 1–27. 1916.
** New or interesting Malayan ferns 9. Bull. Jard. Bot. Buit. II, 24: 1–8. 1917.
** New or interesting Malayan ferns 10. Bull. Jard. Bot. Buit. II, 28: 1–66. 1918.
** New or interesting Malayan ferns 11. Bull. Jard. Bot. Buit. III, 2: 129–186. 1920.
** New or interesting Malayan ferns 12. Bull. Jard. Bot. Buit. III, 5: 179–246. 1922–1923.
# Planogram

Planograms, also known as plano-grams, plan-o-grams, schematics, POGs or simply plans, are visual representations of a store's products or services on display. They are considered a tool for visual merchandising. According to the Merriam-Webster Dictionary, a planogram is "a schematic drawing or plan for displaying merchandise in a store so as to maximize sales." The effectiveness of the planogram can be measured by the sales volume generated from the specific area being diagrammed.

## Overview

Planograms are predominantly used in retail businesses. A planogram defines the location and quantity of products to be placed on display, often with detailed specifications on the number of product facings and spacing; shelf layout, height, width, slant and depth and necessary or recommended chiller conditions (e.g. fresh meat versus white wine). Any other information deemed necessary or useful can be included. The rules and theories for creating planograms are set under the terms of merchandising. For example, given limited shelf space, a vendor may prefer to provide a wide assortment of products, or may limit the assortment but increase the facings of each product to avoid stock-outs.

## Placement methods
### Visual

Visual product placement is supported by different theories including; horizontal, vertical, and block placement. Horizontal product placement increases the concentration of a certain article. Research studies suggest that a product's relation to customer eye levels directly correlates to its sales. This depends on the customer's distance from the unit. Vertical product placement puts products on more than one shelf level to achieve 15 centimetres (5.9 in) – 30 centimetres (12 in) of placement space. Similar products are placed in blocks. A planogram can be compared to a book. A store is the book and its individual modules represent the pages. The customer gradually “reads” individual modules and automatically proceeds from the left to the right, from the top to the bottom as if he/she read a book. This principle is followed by a majority of rules for goods displaying. The rules say that goods should be arranged on a shelf from the least to the most expensive ones. Goods may also be arranged in the reverse order, depending on the kind of goods that the dealer wishes to promote. This makes the difference between dealers of cheap and luxury goods.

### Commercial

Commercial placement is determined by both market share placement and margin placement.
# Moussa Faki

Moussa Faki Mahamat (Arabic: موسى فقي محمد, ‹See RfD› Mūsā Fakī Muḥammad; born 21 June 1960) is a Chadian politician and diplomat who has been the elected Chairperson of the African Union Commission since 14 March 2017. Previously he was Prime Minister of Chad from 24 June 2003 to 4 February 2005 and Minister of Foreign Affairs from April 2008 to January 2017. Faki, a member of the ruling Patriotic Salvation Movement (MPS), belongs to the Zaghawa ethnic group, the same group as the late President Idriss Déby.
On 6 February 2021, he was re-elected as Chairperson of the African Union Commission for another four year term from 2021–2024.

## Biography

Faki was born in the town of Biltine in eastern Chad. He attended university in Brazzaville in the Republic of the Congo, where he studied law. He went into exile when Hissein Habré took power on June 7, 1982 and joined the Democratic Revolutionary Council headed by Acheikh Ibn Oumar; however, he did not return to Chad when Acheikh joined with Habré in 1988. He eventually returned on 7 June 1991, after Déby took power. He was director-general of two ministries before serving as the Director-General of the National Sugar Company (SONASUT) between 1996 and 1999.
Subsequently, he served as Director of the Cabinet of President Déby from March 1999 to July 2002, and he was Déby's campaign director for the May 2001 presidential election. Faki was then appointed as Minister of Public Works and Transport in the government of Prime Minister Haroun Kabadi, which was named on June 12, 2002. After a year in that post, he was appointed as Prime Minister by Déby on June 24, 2003, replacing Kabadi. Faki resigned in early February 2005 amidst a civil service strike and a rumored quarrel with Déby.
Faki was nominated as a member of the Economic, Social and Cultural Council on 19 January 2007, and was then elected as the Council's President in mid-February 2007. In the government of Prime Minister Youssouf Saleh Abbas, which was announced on April 23, 2008, he was appointed as Minister of Foreign Affairs. Hissein Brahim Taha was appointed to replace him as Chadian Minister of Foreign Affairs on 5 February 2017. Faki took office as Chairperson of the AU Commission on 14 March 2017.