# Orthopostural Education

Orthopostural Education (also known as integrative education, functional rehabilitation education, functional integration, orthopostural ed., OP education and OPE) is a concept of informal education that aims to accommodate the balance and efficiency of the human body in order to promote overall physical well-being and prevent non-communicable diseases. These interventions encompass a range of knowledge and skills related to body function and balance, sensory integration, orofacial functions, speech and articulation, functional breathing and behaviour (including sleep, emotions and stress management) and nutrition. The objective of these interventions is to facilitate the attainment of a higher level of professional self-sufficiency and success in integrative practices by specialists, which may not be achievable if they were only provided with a conventional medical education.

## Definitions

The term «orthopostural» originates from Greek prefix ortho-, meaning "straight", "upright", "right" or "correct" and postural, meaning "the position or bearing of the body whether characteristic or assumed for a special purpose". The posture is a dynamic process that includes not just muscles and joints, but also peoples emotions and their awareness of the surrounding environments. Even positions that appear still, such as sitting or standing, involve numerous small bodily adjustments and movements.
The human body is designed to operate in homeostasis and any deviation from this norm will elicit a response. A clear understanding of this correlation is crucial when trying to identify the deviation causes, differentiate symptoms and improve intervention. Homeostasis keeps the internal milieu of the body stable and balanced. Orthopostural Education considers correlation between breathing, sleep, cognitive function, mental health, nutrition, physical movement/exercise. Orthopostural Education provides a comprehensive framework for understanding and improving body alignment and its function. By addressing the root causes of postural and musculoskeletal issues and emphasizing early intervention, OPE helps individuals achieve better health and prevent chronic conditions. Integrating principles of manual therapy, functional breathing, dysfunctional habit identification (that develop as a response to postural/muskoskeletal imbalance), followed by the consequent behavioral change management, and holistic health approach, Orthopostural Education is a valuable path towards healthy well-being.

## Problem Statement

In today's modern world, environmental factors such as high stress levels, sedentary lifestyles, and poor nutrition have created a widespread decline in overall health. These factors disrupt the balance of bodily systems in both adults and children, contributing to a rise in musculoskeletal deficiencies, improper breathing patterns, and non-communicable diseases. While most newborns enter life without major organic disorders, an alarming trend is emerging: healthy infants are increasingly developing these health issues by the time they reach their teenage years. This trend underscores the need for a more proactive, integrated approach to health that begins in early life. Orthopostural Education (OPE) offers a comprehensive solution by integrating knowledge and methods from various fields, including sensory integration, orofacial myofunctional therapy, functional breathing, and behavior. By combining these practices into one unified approach, OPE aims to establish a systematic framework that promotes healthy well-being from the prenatal stage through to senior years. The primary goal of OPE is to prevent and address the emerging health issues caused by unhealthy environmental factors, offering a holistic approach that supports both medical professionals and parents through educational platforms like IIOPE (International Institute of Orthopostural Education). This framework not only addresses immediate health concerns but also works to prevent the long-term development of musculoskeletal, respiratory, and behavioral issues.

## History and Background

The foundation of Orthopostural Education can be traced back to a convergence of various health and wellness fields over the last century. Influences from physical therapy, neurology, and the study of biomechanics helped lay the groundwork for understanding how the body's posture and movement affect overall health. Early pioneers in areas such as sensory integration and myofunctional therapy began to explore the links between physical function and cognitive/emotional health.
Sensory Integration: The theory of sensory integration, first developed by A. Jean Ayres in the 1970s, emphasized the importance of how the brain processes and responds to sensory information in order to support motor and cognitive development. Sensory integration therapy became a key component in helping children and adults with developmental disorders such as autism and ADHD.
Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy: The study of orofacial myofunctional disorders (OMD) also grew during the mid-20th century, thanks to research by specialists like Dr. Harold Gelb. Myofunctional therapy focuses on the muscles of the face and mouth, addressing issues such as tongue posture, swallowing, and breathing. These practices have been used to treat a range of conditions, including sleep apnea, speech disorders, and poor dental health.
Functional Breathing: The study of breathing mechanics, particularly in relation to posture, became a focal point in the work of specialists like Konstantin Buteyko (Buteyko Method) and later, modern practitioners of functional breathing techniques. They observed that improper breathing patterns—such as mouth breathing or shallow breathing—could lead to a variety of health problems, from anxiety to poor concentration, and even physical misalignment.
While each of these therapeutic areas developed in isolation, the understanding that they are interconnected gained traction in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. Experts began to recognize that posture, breathing, oral function, and sensory processing are not separate systems, but rather, they function together to shape an individual's overall health.
In the 2000s, the concept of Orthopostural Education began to emerge as a comprehensive, holistic approach. Practitioners and researchers started integrating these various therapies into a unified framework, acknowledging that healthy posture and movement are crucial not only for physical health but for emotional and cognitive well-being as well.

## Modern Application and Practice

Today, Orthopostural Education is used by a variety of healthcare professionals, including physical therapists, speech therapists, occupational therapists, dentists, and psychologists, who work together to provide an integrated approach to health. Specialized educational programs, such as IIOPE (International Institute of Orthopostural Education), are emerging to train both professionals and parents in the principles and practices of OPE. The approach is gaining recognition for its ability to address a range of issues, including developmental delays in children, postural imbalances, breathing-related disorders, and chronic pain. It also emphasizes preventative care, helping individuals to establish healthy habits from an early age, which can reduce the risk of long-term health problems as they age.

## OPE Pioneers
### Functional Breathing

Roger L. Price, from Sydney, Australia, is internationally recognised as an Integrative Health and Functional Airway Specialist. Known as the "Father of Airway in Modern Dentistry," Roger has devoted over 60 years to identifying the root causes of structural issues caused by dysfunctional habits. He emphasises understanding the "what" and "why" before addressing the "how" in problem-solving. Price, a prominent figure in integrative health and functional airway management, emphasises the application of fundamental scientific principles to understand the root causes of symptoms and diseases. Central to his philosophy is Newton's 3rd Law of Motion, which posits that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Price links this to the body's internal mechanisms, where any imbalance prompts compensatory actions to restore equilibrium. This approach challenges the conventional focus on symptom management by highlighting the importance of identifying and addressing the underlying causes of health issues.
Additionally, Price incorporates the concept of causality, which asserts that every effect must have a cause. He argues that symptoms do not arise without reason and that addressing these symptoms without understanding their origins ignores basic scientific principles. This perspective is particularly relevant in the context of Non Communicable Diseases (NCDs), which are leading causes of death worldwide (by World Health Organisation). According to Price, these diseases are often the result of the body's internal compensatory patterns as it strives to achieve homeostasis. His integrative approach combines manual therapy, habit identification, and behavioural change management to align health practices with the body's natural processes, promoting long-term well-being. In this 'visual world' where it is easier to understand something by being able to see it, in 2007 Price pioneered the use of Biofeedback Capnography so that as a person changes their behaviour, posture or habit, they can see, instantaneously, the effect it has on their breathing as well as their body chemistry and their symptoms.

## Conclusion

Orthopostural Education represents an evolution of various health disciplines into a unified approach that addresses the interconnectedness of body alignment, breathing, sensory processing, and emotional health. Its holistic approach offers a framework for improving quality of life from the prenatal stage through to senior years, making it an important part of modern integrative healthcare.