# List of political parties in India

India has a multi-party system. The Election Commission of India (ECI) grants recognition to national-level and state-level political parties based on objective criteria. A recognised political party enjoys privileges such as a reserved party symbol, free broadcast time on state-run television and radio, consultation in the setting of election dates, and giving input in setting electoral rules and regulations. Other political parties wishing to contest local, state, or national elections must be registered with the ECI. Registered parties can be upgraded to recognized national or state parties by the ECI if they meet the relevant criteria after a Lok Sabha or state legislative assembly election. The ECI periodically reviews the recognized party status.
Before the amendment in 2016 (which came into force on 1 January 2014), if a political party failed to fulfill the criteria in the subsequent Lok Sabha or state legislative assembly election, it would lose its status as a recognized party. In 2016, the ECI announced that a review would take place after two consecutive elections instead of after every election. Therefore, a political party will retain its recognized party status even if it does not meet the criteria in the next election. However, if it fails to meet the criteria in the election following the next one, it would lose its status.
As per latest publications dated 23 March 2024 from Election Commission of India, and subsequent notifications, there are 6 national parties, 58 state parties, and 2,763 unrecognised parties. All registered parties contesting elections need to choose a symbol from a list of available symbols offered by the EC. All 29 states of the country along with the union territories of Jammu and Kashmir, National Capital Territory of Delhi, and Puducherry have elected governments unless President's rule is imposed under certain condition.

## National parties

A registered party is recognised as a national party only if it fulfills any one of the three conditions listed below:
* If its candidates have secured at least 6% of total valid votes in at least 4 states (in latest Lok Sabha or Assembly elections) and the party has at least 4 MPs in the last Lok Sabha polls.
* If it has won at least 2% of the total seats in the Lok Sabha from at least 3 states.
* It is ‘recognised’ in four or more states.
6 recognised national parties :
| Party | Party | Party | Flag | Election symbol | Political position | Ideology | Founded | Leader | Government in states/UTs | Government in states/UTs | Seats | Seats | Seats | Seats |
| Party | Party | Party | Flag | Election symbol | Political position | Ideology | Founded | Leader | Chief ministers | Alliance partner | Lok Sabha | Rajya Sabha | State assemblies | State councils |
| | Aam Aadmi Party | AAP | | | Centre to centre-left | Welfarism Indian nationalism Populism Secularism | 26 November 2012 (12 years ago) (2012-11-26) | Arvind Kejriwal | 1 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 3 / 543 | 10 / 245 | 122 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Bahujan Samaj Party | BSP | | | Centre to centre-left | Social justice Self-respect | 14 April 1984 (40 years ago) (1984-04-14) | Mayawati | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 1 / 245 | 3 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Bharatiya Janata Party | BJP | | | Right-wing to far-right | Conservatism Neoliberalism Integral humanism Hindutva Hindu nationalism Right-wing populism | 6 April 1980 (44 years ago) (1980-04-06) | J. P. Nadda | 14 / 31 | 6 / 31 | 240 / 543 | 96 / 245 | 1,481 / 4,123 | 165 / 426 |
| | Communist Party of India (Marxist) | CPI(M) | | | Left-wing | Communism Marxism–Leninism | 7 November 1964 (60 years ago) (1964-11-07) | Prakash Karat (interim) | 1 / 31 | 2 / 31 | 4 / 543 | 5 / 245 | 80 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Indian National Congress | INC | | | Centre | Big tent Liberalism Social democracy Secularism Civic nationalism | 28 December 1885 (139 years ago) (1885-12-28) | Mallikarjun Kharge | 3 / 31 | 3 / 31 | 101 / 543 | 27 / 245 | 689 / 4,123 | 60 / 426 |
| | National People's Party | NPP | | | Centre-right | Conservatism Regionalism | 6 January 2013 (12 years ago) (2013-01-06) | Conrad Sangma | 1 / 31 | 3 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 1 / 245 | 44 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |

## State parties

A registered party is recognised as a state party only if it fulfils any one of the five conditions listed below:
* A party should secure at least six per cent of valid votes polled in an election to the state legislative assembly and win at least two seats in that state assembly.
* A party should secure at least six per cent of valid votes polled in an election to Lok Sabha and win at least one seat in Lok Sabha.
* A party should win at least three per cent of the total number of seats or any fraction thereof allotted to that state.
* At least one MP for every 25 members or any fraction allotted to the state in the Lok Sabha.
* Under the liberalised criteria, one more clause that it will be eligible for recognition as state party if it secures eight per cent or more of the total valid votes polled in the state.
58 recognised state parties :
| Party | Party | Flag | Election symbol | Founded | Leader(s) | Recognised in state(s) | Government in states/UTs | Government in states/UTs | Seats | Seats | Seats | Seats |
| Party | Party | Flag | Election symbol | Founded | Leader(s) | Recognised in state(s) | Chief minister | Alliance partner | Lok Sabha | Rajya Sabha | State assemblies | State councils |
| State party in three states |||||||||||||
| | All India Trinamool Congress | | | 1998 | Mamata Banerjee | Meghalaya Tripura West Bengal | 1 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 29 / 543 | 13 / 245 | 228 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Communist Party of India | | | 1925 | D. Raja | Kerala Manipur Tamil Nadu | 0 / 31 | 3 / 31 | 2 / 543 | 2 / 245 | 22 / 4,123 | 1 / 426 |
| | Janata Dal (Secular) | | | 1999 | H. D. Deve Gowda | Arunachal Pradesh Karnataka Kerala | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 2 / 543 | 1 / 245 | 21 / 4,123 | 8 / 426 |
| | Janata Dal (United) | | | 2003 | Nitish Kumar | Arunachal Pradesh Bihar Manipur | 1 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 12 / 543 | 5 / 245 | 46 / 4,123 | 26 / 426 |
| State party in two states |||||||||||||
| | All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | | | 1972 | Edappadi K. Palaniswami | Puducherry Tamil Nadu | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 3 / 245 | 62 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | | | 1949 | M. K. Stalin | Puducherry Tamil Nadu | 1 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 22 / 543 | 10 / 245 | 140 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas) | | | 2021 | Chirag Paswan | Nagaland Bihar | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 5 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 3 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Naga People's Front | | | 2002 | Kuzholuzo Nienu | Manipur Nagaland | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 7 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Nationalist Congress Party | | | 1999 | Ajit Pawar | Maharashtra Nagaland | 0 / 31 | 2 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 3 / 245 | 51 / 4,123 | 8 / 426 |
| | Nationalist Congress Party (Sharadchandra Pawar) | | | 2024 | Sharad Pawar | Maharashtra Nagaland | 0 / 31 | 2 / 31 | 8 / 543 | 2 / 245 | 14 / 4,123 | 3 / 426 |
| | Rashtriya Janata Dal | | | 1997 | Lalu Prasad Yadav Tejashwi Yadav | Bihar Jharkhand | 0 / 31 | 2 / 31 | 4 / 543 | 6 / 245 | 81 / 4,123 | 5 / 426 |
| | Telugu Desam Party | | | 1982 | N. Chandrababu Naidu | Andhra Pradesh Telangana | 1 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 16 / 543 | 1 / 245 | 135 / 4,123 | 15 / 426 |
| | YSR Congress Party | | | 2011 | Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy | Andhra Pradesh Telangana | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 4 / 543 | 8 / 245 | 11 / 4,123 | 36 / 426 |
| State party in one state |||||||||||||
| | All India Forward Bloc | | | 1939 | Debabrata Biswas | West Bengal | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 0 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen | | | 1927 | Asaduddin Owaisi | Telangana | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 10 / 4,123 | 2 / 426 |
| | All India N.R. Congress | | | 2011 | N. Rangaswamy | Puducherry | 1 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 10 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | All India United Democratic Front | | | 2005 | Badruddin Ajmal | Assam | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 15 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | All Jharkhand Students Union | | | 1986 | Sudesh Mahto | Jharkhand | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 2 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Apna Dal (Sonelal) | | | 2016 | Anupriya Patel | Uttar Pradesh | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 2 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 12 / 4,123 | 1 / 426 |
| | Asom Gana Parishad | | | 1985 | Atul Bora | Assam | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 1 / 245 | 9 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Bharat Rashtra Samithi | | | 2001 | K. Chandrashekar Rao | Telangana | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 3 / 245 | 39 / 4,123 | 34 / 426 |
| | Biju Janata Dal | | | 1997 | Naveen Patnaik | Odisha | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 8 / 245 | 51 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Bodoland People's Front | | | 2005 | Hagrama Mohilary | Assam | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 3 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation | | | 1974 | Dipankar Bhattacharya | Bihar | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 2 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 13 / 4,123 | 1 / 426 |
| | Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam | | | 2005 | Premallatha Vijayakant | Tamil Nadu | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 0 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Goa Forward Party | | | 2016 | Vijai Sardesai | Goa | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 1 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Hill State People's Democratic Party | | | 1968 | KP Pangniang | Meghalaya | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 2 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Indian National Lok Dal | | | 1996 | Om Prakash Chautala | Haryana | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 2 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Indian Union Muslim League | | | 1948 | Sadiq Ali Shihab Thangal | Kerala | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 3 / 543 | 1 / 245 | 15 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Indigenous People's Front of Tripura | | | 2009 | N.C. Debbarma | Tripura | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 1 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Jammu & Kashmir National Conference | | | 1932 | Farooq Abdullah | Jammu and Kashmir | 1 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 2 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 42 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Jammu and Kashmir National Panthers Party | | | 1982 | Bhim Singh | Jammu and Kashmir | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 0 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party | | | 1999 | Mehbooba Mufti | Jammu and Kashmir | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 3 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Janta Congress Chhattisgarh | | | 2016 | Renu Jogi | Chhattisgarh | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 0 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Jannayak Janta Party | | | 2018 | Dushyant Chautala | Haryana | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 0 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Jharkhand Mukti Morcha | | | 1972 | Shibu Soren Hemant Soren | Jharkhand | 1 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 3 / 543 | 2 / 245 | 30 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Kerala Congress (M) | | | 1979 | Jose K. Mani | Kerala | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 1 / 245 | 5 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Maharashtra Navnirman Sena | | | 2006 | Raj Thackeray | Maharashtra | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 1 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party | | | 1963 | Deepak Dhavalikar | Goa | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 2 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Mizo National Front | | | 1961 | Zoramthanga | Mizoram | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 1 / 245 | 10 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Nationalist Democratic Progressive Party | | | 2017 | Neiphiu Rio | Nagaland | 1 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 25 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | People's Party of Arunachal | | | 1977 | Kamen Ringu | Arunachal Pradesh | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 1 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Rashtriya Loktantrik Party | | | 2018 | Hanuman Beniwal | Rajasthan | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 0 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Revolutionary Goans Party | | | 2022 | Viresh Borkar | Goa | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 1 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Revolutionary Socialist Party | | | 1940 | Manoj Bhattacharya | Kerala | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 0 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Samajwadi Party | | | 1992 | Akhilesh Yadav | Uttar Pradesh | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 37 / 543 | 4 / 245 | 112 / 4,123 | 9 / 426 |
| | Shiromani Akali Dal | | | 1920 | Sukhbir Singh Badal | Punjab | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 3 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Sikkim Democratic Front | | | 1993 | Pawan Kumar Chamling | Sikkim | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 1 / 245 | 1 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Sikkim Krantikari Morcha | | | 2013 | Prem Singh Tamang | Sikkim | 1 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 19 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Shiv Sena | | | 1966 | Eknath Shinde | Maharashtra | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 7 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 57 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Shiv Sena (Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray) | | | 2022 | Uddhav Thackeray | Maharashtra | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 9 / 543 | 3 / 245 | 17 / 4,123 | 12 / 426 |
| | Tipra Motha Party | | | 2019 | Pradyot Bikram Manikya Deb Barma | Tripura | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 13 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | United Democratic Party | | | 1997 | Metbah Lyngdoh | Meghalaya | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 11 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | United People's Party Liberal | | | 2015 | Urkhao Gwra Brahma | Assam | 0 / 31 | 1 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 1 / 245 | 7 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Voice of the People Party | | | 2021 | Ardent Miller Basaiawmoit | Meghalaya | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 4 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Zoram Nationalist Party | | | 1997 | H. Lalrinmawia | Mizoram | 0 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 0 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 0 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |
| | Zoram People's Movement | | | 2017 | Lalduhoma | Mizoram | 1 / 31 | 0 / 31 | 1 / 543 | 0 / 245 | 27 / 4,123 | 0 / 426 |

## Unrecognised parties

Notable registered unrecognised political parties (RUPPs) :
| Party | Founded | Leader(s) | States |
| Akhil Bharat Hindu Mahasabha | 1915 | Chakrapani (politician) | All-India |
| All India Hindustan Congress Party | 2015 | Buddh Prakash Sharma | Gujarat Rajasthan |
| All India Mahila Empowerment Party | 2017 | Nowhera Shaik | Telangana Karnataka |
| Amma Makkal Munnettra Kazagam | 2018 | T. T. V. Dhinakaran | Tamil Nadu |
| Amra Bangali | 1983 | Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar | West Bengal Tripura |
| Azad Adhikar Sena | 2022 | Amitabh Thakur, Dr Nutan Thakur | Uttar Pradesh |
| Azad Samaj Party (Kanshi Ram) | 2020 | Chanda Shekhar Azad | Uttar Pradesh |
| Bahujan Mukti Party | 2012 | Pravendra Pratap Singh | Uttar Pradesh Maharashtra |
| Bharatiya Minorities Suraksha Mahasangh | 1983 | Sundar Shaekhar | Maharashtra |
| Gorkha Janmukti Morcha | 2007 | Bimal Gurung | West Bengal |
| Goa Suraksha Manch | 2016 | Subhash Velingkar | Goa |
| Gondwana Ganatantra Party | 1991 | Hira Singh Markam | Chhattisgarh Jharkhand Maharashtra |
| Hindu Sena | 2011 | Vishnu Gupta | New Delhi |
| Hindustani Awam Morcha | 2015 | Jitan Ram Manjhi | Bihar |
| Indiya Jananayaka Katchi | 2010 | T. R. Paarivendhar | Tamil Nadu |
| Indian Gandhiyan Party | 2012 | Aashin U S | Kerala |
| Indian Secular Front | 2021 | Nawsad Siddique | West Bengal |
| Ittehad-e-Millat Council | 2001 | Tauqeer Raza Khan | Uttar Pradesh |
| Jammu and Kashmir Apni Party | 2020 | Altaf Bukhari | Jammu and Kashmir |
| Jammu and Kashmir Workers Party | 2020 | Mir Junaid | Jammu and Kashmir |
| Jan Shakti Party of India | 2015 | Gurjeet Singh Azad | Punjab |
| Jansatta Dal (Loktantrik) | 2018 | Raghuraj Pratap Singh | Uttar Pradesh |
| Jan Suraaj Party | 2024 | Prashant Kishore | Bihar |
| Jharkhand Loktantrik Krantikari Morcha | 2024 | Jairam Kumar Mahato | Jharkhand |
| Karnataka Rashtra Samithi | 2019 | Ravi Krishna Reddy | Karnataka |
| Kerala Congress | 1964 | P. J. Joseph | Kerala |
| Kerala Congress (B) | 1989 | R. Balakrishna Pillai | Kerala |
| Kerala Congress (Jacob) | 1991 | Anoop Jacob | Kerala |
| Kongunadu Makkal Desia Katchi | 2013 | E. R. Eswaran | Tamil Nadu |
| Kongunadu Makkal Katchi | 2000 | A. M. Raja | Tamil Nadu |
| Lok Satta Party | 2006 | Jaya Prakash Narayana | Andhra Pradesh Telangana |
| Lok Insaaf Party | 2019 | Simarjit Singh Bains | Punjab |
| Makkal Needhi Maiam | 2018 | Kamal Haasan | Tamil Nadu Puducherry |
| Manipur Peoples Party | 1968 | Sovakiran N. | Manipur |
| Manithaneya Makkal Katchi | 2009 | M. H. Jawahirullah | Tamil Nadu |
| Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | 1992 | Vaiko | Tamil Nadu Puducherry |
| NISHAD Party | 2016 | Sanjay Nishad | Uttar Pradesh |
| Odisha Jan Morcha | 2013 | Pyarimohan Mohapatra | Odisha |
| Param Digvijay Dal | 2014 | Krishna Mohan Shankar Yogi | Uttar Pradesh |
| Pattali Makkal Katchi | 1989 | S. Ramadoss | Puducherry Tamil Nadu |
| Peace Party of India | 2008 | Mohamed Ayub | Uttar Pradesh |
| People's Democratic Alliance (Manipur) | 2012 | Bd. Behring Anal | Manipur |
| People's Democratic Front | 2001 | Ajoy Biswas | Tripura |
| Plurals Party | 2020 | Pushpam Priya Choudhary | Bihar |
| Puthiya Tamilagam | 1996 | K. Krishnasamy | Tamil Nadu |
| Raijor Dal | 2020 | Akhil Gogoi | Assam |
| Rashtriya Lok Dal | 1996 | Jayant Chaudhary | Uttar Pradesh Rajasthan |
| Rashtriya Samaj Paksha | 2003 | Mahadev Jankar | Maharashtra Kerala |
| Rashtriya Ulama Council | 2008 | Aamir Rashadi Madni | Uttar Pradesh |
| Republican Party of India (Athawale) | 1999 | Ramdas Athawale | Nagaland |
| Right to Recall Party | 2019 | Rahul Chimanbhai Mehta | All-India |
| Samata Party | 1994 | Uday Mandal | Bihar Manipur |
| Shiromani Akali Dal (Amritsar) | 1994 | Simranjit Singh Mann | Punjab |
| Social Democratic Party of India | 2009 | M.K. Faizy | Karnataka Kerala Tamil Nadu |
| Socialist Party (India) | 2011 | Thampan Thomas | Uttar Pradesh |
| Socialist Unity Centre of India (Communist) | 1948 | Provash Ghosh | All-India |
| Suheldev Bharatiya Samaj Party | 2002 | Om Prakash Rajbhar | Uttar Pradesh |
| Swaraj India | 2016 | Yogendra Yadav | Haryana Karnataka Maharashtra |
| Tamil Maanila Congress (Moopanar) | 1996 | G. K. Vasan | Tamil Nadu |
| Tamilaga Vettri Kazhagam | 2024 | C. Joseph Vijay | Puducherry Tamil Nadu |
| Tamil Nadu Kongu Ilaingar Peravai | 2001 | U. Thaniyarasu | Tamil Nadu |
| Uttarakhand Kranti Dal | 1979 | Kashi Singh Airy | Uttarakhand |
| Vanchit Bahujan Aaghadi | 2018 | Prakash Yashwant Ambedkar | Maharashtra |
| Vikassheel Insaan Party | 2018 | Mukesh Sahani | Bihar |
| Welfare Party of India | 2011 | S. Q. R. Ilyas | Kerala |

## Defunct political parties

| Party | Election symbol | Ideology | Founded | Dissolved |
| Krishak Praja Party | Plough | Populism | 1929 | 1947 |
| Scheduled Castes Federation | | Social equality Social justice | 1942 | 1957 |
| Travancore Tamil Nadu Congress | | | 1945 | 1957 |
| Socialist Party of India | | Socialism | 1948 | 1952 |
| Lok Sewak Sangh | | | 1948 | 1971 |
| Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad | | Hindu nationalism | 1948 | 1971 |
| All India Ganatantra Parishad | | Liberalism Agrarianism | 1950 | 1962 |
| Tamil Nadu Toilers' Party | | | 1951 | 1954 |
| Commonweal Party | | | 1951 | 1954 |
| People's Democratic Front | | Communism Marxism–Leninism | 1951 | 1958 |
| Krishikar Lok Party | | | 1951 | 1959 |
| Chota Nagpur Santhal Parganas Janata Party | | Regionalism | 1951 | 1960 |
| Bharatiya Jana Sangh | | Hindu nationalism National conservatism | 1951 | 1977 |
| Praja Socialist Party | | Socialism | 1952 | 1972 |
| Swatantra Party | | Liberal conservatism Secularism | 1959 | 1974 |
| Samyukta Socialist Party | | Socialism | 1964 | 1977 |
| Bangla Congress | | | 1967 | 1971 |
| Bharatiya Kranti Dal | | | 1967 | 1974 |
| Utkal Congress | | | 1969 | 1974 |
| Indian National Congress (Organisation) | | | 1969 | 1977 |
| Pragati Legislature Party | | | 1973 | 1974 |
| Congress for Democracy | | | 1977 | 1977 |
| Janata Party (Secular) or Dalit Mazdoor Kisan Party or Lok Dal | | Secularism | 1979 (JPE-S), 1984 (DMKP), 1980, 1985 (LD) | 1988 |
| Indian Congress (Socialist) | | | 1978 | 1986 |
| Indian National Congress (U) | | | 1979 | 1981 |
| Indian National Congress (Jagjivan) | | | 1981 | 1988 |
| Jan Morcha | | | 1987 | 1988 |
| Thamizhaga Munnetra Munnani | | | 1988 | 1989 |
| Janata Dal | | | 1988 | 1999 |
| Lok Shakti | | | 1998 | 2003 |
| Lok Janshakti Party | | | 2000 | 2021 |
| Loktantrik Janata Dal | | | 2018 | 2022 |
| Jan Adhikar Party (Loktantrik) | | | 2015 | 2024 |