OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Samuel Cowan

General Sir Samuel Cowan KCB CBE (born 9 October 1941) is a former Quartermaster-General to the Forces.

## Career

Educated at Lisburn Technology College and the Open University, Cowan was commissioned into the Royal Corps of Signals in 1963. In 1980, he became Commanding Officer of the Headquarters & Signals Regiment for 2nd Armoured Division.
In 1989 he was selected to be Commandant of the Royal Military College of Science and then in 1991 he became Assistant Chief of Defence Staff, Operational Requirements (Land Systems). From 1995 he undertook a tour as Inspector General for Doctrine & Training.
He was Quartermaster-General to the Forces from 1996 to 1998 when he became Chief of Defence Logistics. He retired in 2002.
He was an Aide-de-Camp General to the Queen.
He was also Colonel Commandant of the Royal Corps of Signals, the Brigade of Gurkhas and of the Army Legal Corps.

## Nepal studies

Cowan was associated with Gurkhas via various positions in his job role. He first visited Nepal in 1966. During his annual visits to Nepal as Colonel Commandant, he had audiences with the reigning monarchs of Nepal, delivered a report on the Brigade of Gurkhas, and trekked numerous times. After his retirement, he published Essays on Nepal, in which he covered Nepal affairs including its frontiers, the Maoist insurgency, human rights, corruption in high places, and the manner of governance.
Cowan is a frequent and prolific contributor to The Record (Nepal), an independent digital publication from Kathmandu. He has written over a dozen articles for the publication on a wide range of Nepal-related subjects, including the history of the Rana regime, reflections on the British Gurkhas, border issues between Nepal and India, and those between Nepal and China.
# No Sleep (Volumes album)

No Sleep is the second studio album by American progressive metalcore band Volumes, released on July 15, 2014. It is the last album to feature founding member and co-vocalist Michael Barr until his return in 2020, and it is the last to be released under the label Mediaskare Records. The album is a departure from the sound of their previous album, Via, as many of the songs are shorter in length, and contain more clean singing compared to those from the first album.
A lyric video was released for "The Mixture" and the full album was streamed by Mediaskare Records via YouTube.
Along with their 2011 release Via, the album was re-released in 2016 independently under the 91367 Records moniker, remastered and with a new cover. The remastered version omits the outro from the third track, "Erased", for unknown reasons.

## Track listing

All music is composed by Volumes

## Personnel
### Volumes

* Michael Barr – vocals
* Gus Farias – vocals
* Diego Farias – guitars, programming, production, mixing, engineering
* Raad Soudani – bass
* Nick Ursich – drums

### Additional musicians

* Casey Sabol – additional vocals on track 5, "Across the Bed"

### Additional personnel

* Brandon Paddock – production, programming, mixing, engineering
* Wes Hauch – guitar tracking production
* Baron Bodnar – executive production
* Zack Ohren – mastering

## Charts

| Chart (2013) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 40 |
| US Top Hard Rock Albums (Billboard) | 5 |
| US Top Rock Albums (Billboard) | 12 |
# 1899–1900 Scottish Cup

The 1899–1900 Scottish Cup was the 27th season of Scotland's most prestigious football knockout competition. The Cup was won by holders Celtic when they beat Queen's Park in the final at the newly built Ibrox Park by a 4–3 scoreline to claim the trophy for a third time overall; it is the last major final to date for Queen's Park who were cup winners ten times in the 19th century.

## Calendar

| Round | First match date | Fixtures | Clubs |
| First round | 13 January 1900 | 16 | 32 → 16 |
| Second round | 27 January 1900 | 8 | 16 → 80 |
| Quarter-finals | 10 February 1900 | 4 | 8 → 4 |
| Semi-finals | 10 March 1900 | 2 | 4 → 2 |
| Final | 14 May 1900 | 1 | 2 → 1 |

## First round

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Abercorn (2) | 5 – 2 | Ayr Parkhouse (NL) |
| Airdrieonians (2) | 0 – 1 | Clyde (1) |
| Celtic (1) | 7 – 1 | Bo'ness (NL) |
| Dundee (1) | 8 – 0 | Douglas Wanderers (NL) |
| Forfar Athletic (NL) | 3 – 4 | Motherwell (2) |
| Forres Mechanics (NL) | 1 – 1 | Orion (NL) |
| Galston (NL) | 1 – 2 | Partick Thistle (2) |
| Hamilton Academical (2) | 2 – 3 | Hibernian (1) |
| Heart of Midlothian (1) | 0 – 0 | St Mirren (1) |
| Kilmarnock (1) | 2 – 0 | East Stirlingshire (NL) |
| Maybole (NL) | 4 – 2 | Wishaw (NL) |
| Port Glasgow Athletic (2) | 7 – 1 | Falkirk (NL) |
| Queen's Park (NL) | 3 – 0 | Leith Athletic (2) |
| Rangers (1) | 4 – 2 | Greenock Morton (2) |
| St Bernard's (1) | 1 – 0 | Arbroath (NL) |
| Third Lanark (1) | 5 – 1 | Raith Rovers (NL) |

### First round replay

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Orion | 4 – 1 | Forres Mechanics |
| St Mirren | 0 – 3 | Heart of Midlothian |

## Second round

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Dundee | 3 –3 | Clyde |
| Heart of Midlothian | 1 – 1 | Hibernian |
| Kilmarnock | 10 – 1 | Orion |
| Partick Thistle | 2 – 1 | St Bernard's |
| Port Glasgow Athletic | 1 – 5 | Celtic |
| Queen's Park | 5 – 1 | Abercorn |
| Rangers | 12 – 0 | Maybole |
| Third Lanark | 2 – 1 | Motherwell |

### Second round replay

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Clyde | 0 – 3 | Dundee |
| Hibernian | 1 – 2 | Heart of Midlothian |

## Quarter-final

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Celtic | 4 – 0 | Kilmarnock |
| Partick Thistle | 1 – 6 | Rangers |
| Queen's Park | 1 – 0 | Dundee |
| Third Lanark | 1 – 2 | Heart of Midlothian |

## Semi-finals

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Queen's Park | 2 – 1 | Heart of Midlothian |
| Rangers | 2 – 2 | Celtic |

### Semi-final replay

| Home team | Score | Away team |
| Celtic | 4 – 0 | Rangers |

## Final
### Teams

Celtic: :
| GK | Dan McArthur |
| RB | David Storrier |
| LB | Barney Battles |
| RH | Davie Russell |
| CH | Harry Marshall |
| LH | Willie Orr |
| OR | Johnny Hodge |
| IR | John Campbell |
| CF | John Divers |
| IL | Sandy McMahon |
| OL | Jack Bell |
Queen's Park: :
| GK | David Gourlay |
| RB | David Stewart |
| LB | Archie Swann |
| RH | James Irons |
| CH | Alex Christie |
| LH | James Templeton |
| OR | William Stewart |
| IR | David Wilson |
| CF | Robert McColl |
| IL | Tom Kennedy |
| OL | Norman Hay |
# JGR Class 160

The JGR Class 160 is a class of steam locomotive that was formerly operated in Japan.

## History

A total of six Class 160 locomotives were imported from the UK in 1871 and 1874. Built by Sharp, Stewart and Company, four locomotives were imported in 1871, with two more added in 1874.

## Preservation

Locomotive No. 165 is preserved in operating condition at Meiji-mura in Aichi Prefecture, the oldest operating steam locomotive in Japan. While the boiler was replaced in 1985, the rest of the locomotive dates from the 1800s.
# Airflight

Airflight Limited was a British charter and cargo airline from 1948 to 1950.

## History

The airline was formed by former Air Vice-Marshal Don Bennett at Langley Airfield, Berkshire, to operate in the Berlin Airlift with two long-fuselage Avro Tudor aircraft. These were flown by Bennett and a single other pilot, WWII RAF veteran Stanley Sickelmore, Bennett having the only night flight licence made all the nighttime trips himself with Sickelmore as co-pilot.
One of the Tudor aircraft had operated 85 sorties carrying over 9 tons of supplies per flight between Wunsdorf and Gatow.
At the end of the Berlin Airlift the aircraft were used for trooping charters to the Canal Zone for the British government and ad hoc charters. One of the charters was to end in disaster when G-AKBY was used for a rugby charter and crashed on approach to RAF Llandow in Wales on 12 March 1950. The month after the disaster the company merged into one of Bennett's other companies Fairflight Limited on 28 April 1950.
In 1951, Bennett sold Airflight on to Air Charter, a small company operating out of Luton under Freddie Laker.
Airflight Ltd was dissolved in 1965 and Fairflight was formally wound up in 1966.

## Aircraft operated

* Avro Tudor 2 G-AGRY
* Avro Tudor 5 G-AKBY

## Accidents and incidents

* 12 March 1950 - Avro Tudor G-AKBY while operating a rugby charter, crashed on approach to RAF Llandow in Wales with 80 fatalities.
# Je'kob

Jacob Ernest Washington (born June 16, 1981), who goes by the stage name Je'kob, is an American Christian hip hop and urban contemporary gospel musician. He has released one studio album, This Side of the Sky in 2014, while this charted on the Billboard magazine charts. He has released three extended plays, Faith, Hope, and Love in 2012, where the first two charted. His first compilation album, Faith Hope Love in 2013, was the unification of all three extended play's on one album.

## Early life

Jacob Ernest Washington was born in San Antonio, Texas to mother Paulette Gail Washington (née, Histo) and military father Ernest Rudolph Washington. Due to his father's military service, Washington's family relocated several times, during which each of the Washington children were born in different states. Washington's older brother, Joshua Joel Washington, was born in Kentucky in 1979. His younger sister, Rachael Rose Messini (née, Washington), was born in Hawaii in 1984. The family finally settled in San Diego, California, where they are all currently located. Along with Washington's brother and sister, Washington formed the group Souljahz. Once older brother Joshua broke with the Souljahz, the remaining two renamed the group "The Washington Projects."

## Music career

Washington's solo music career started with the mixtape Pocketless Souls, released on October 10, 2011. His next three projects were extended plays, Faith on July 31, 2012, Hope on October 30, 2012, and Love on December 18, 2012; the first two charted on the Billboard magazine Gospel Albums chart at Nos. 30 and 42 respectively. The first compilation album, Faith Hope Love, was released on February 12, 2013 through Save the City Records, a unification of all three previously-released extended plays. Washington's second mixtape, Pocketless Souls II, was released on December 31, 2013. His first studio album, This Side of the Sky, was released on October 7, 2014 by Jekobmade Musiq. This album would chart on the aforementioned chart at No. 25.

## Discography
### Albums

* Faith Hope Love
* This Side of the Sky

### EPs

* Faith
* Hope
* Love

### Mixtapes

* Pocketless Souls
* Pocketless Souls II
# David Johnson (dancer)

David Johnson (June 12, 1961 – April 23, 2016) was a dancer who has performed in many TV broadcasts in Scandinavia, sometimes with his sister Mary Ostlund (nee Johnson).
He was later an instructor, production artist and organizer, businessman and entrepreneur.

## Biography

Johnson was born in California and graduated Fillmore High, class of '79, in Fillmore, California. He later moved to Lund, Sweden in 1981 where he then lived.
Johnson died of cancer in Lake Havasu City, Arizona.

## Selected notable performances

* Kikki Danielsson - "Bra vibrationer" (Melodifestivalen 1985 and Eurovision Song Contest 1985)
* Dan Tillberg - "Ta min hand" (Melodifestivalen 1985)
* Lise Haavik - "Du er fuld af løgn" (Eurovision Song Contest 1986)
# Chartwell Green

Chartwell Green is a suburb of Southampton, England, although it falls outside the formal city boundary. Instead, Chartwell Green is part of the West End parish, within the Borough of Eastleigh.
The main parade of shops in Chartwell Green is sometimes referred to as Townhill Farm, after the nearby Townhill Park House. The Townhill Farm Community Centre was built in 1991 and comprises an entrance foyer, toilets, a main hall with adjacent store room, a committee room and adjacent kitchen, and a café area overlooking a patio and garden. The building is owned by Southampton City Council and is on a 125-year lease; until 2006, it was managed by Eastleigh Borough Council but then this task was transferred to West End Parish Council.
The bulk of Chartwell Green was built in the late 1980s, and comes under the postal code of SO18 3xx.
# Wow Comics

Wow Comics is an monthly Golden Age comic book anthology series that was published by Fawcett Comics from winter 1940 to August 1948.
From issue #9 to #58, the book's cover features were the solo adventures of Fawcett's Mary Marvel character. Other characters included Mr. Scarlet, Commando Yank and Phantom Eagle.
The title's inaugural issue was the first comic book mentioning of Gotham City. Wow Comics later evolved into a boys' title beginning with issue #59.

## Publication history

The book changed the format to a Western comic and was renamed Real Hero Western with issue #70, and Western Hero from issue #76 until the book's final issue, #112, in 1952.
# Ouachita shiner

The Ouachita shiner or Ouachita Mountain shiner (Lythrurus snelsoni) is a species of ray-finned fish in the family Leuciscidae, the shiners, daces and minnows. It is found only in the upper Little River system in the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas and Oklahoma in the United States.
# Reza Dehghani

Reza Dehghani (Persian: رضا دهقانی, (born 7 January 1998) is an Iranian professional footballer who plays as a winger for Istiklol in the Tajikistan Higher League.

## Career

He made his Iran Pro League debut on 20 November 2017 against Persepolis.
In August 2021, Dehghani signed a two-year contract with Persepolis.
On 14 February 2025, Tajikistan Higher League club Istiklol announced the signing of Dehghani to a one-year contract.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played 14 March 2025
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Sepahan | 2017–18 | Persian Gulf Pro League | 11 | 2 | | | - | - | - | - | 11 | 2 |
| Sepahan | 2018–19 | Persian Gulf Pro League | 3 | 0 | | | - | - | - | - | 3 | 0 |
| Sepahan | 2019–20 | Persian Gulf Pro League | 0 | 0 | | | - | - | - | - | 0 | 0 |
| Sepahan | 2020–21 | Persian Gulf Pro League | 2 | 0 | | | 2 | 0 | - | - | 4 | 0 |
| Sepahan | Total | Total | 16 | 2 | | | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 2 |
| Nassaji Mazandaran (loan) | 2019–20 | Persian Gulf Pro League | 25 | 1 | | | - | - | - | - | 25 | 1 |
| Nassaji Mazandaran (loan) | 2020–21 | Persian Gulf Pro League | 13 | 1 | | | - | - | - | - | 13 | 1 |
| Persepolis | 2021–22 | Persian Gulf Pro League | 1 | 0 | | | 0 | 0 | - | - | 1 | 0 |
| Tractor | 2021–22 | Persian Gulf Pro League | 16 | 2 | | | - | - | - | - | 16 | 2 |
| Naft Masjed Soleyman | 2022–23 | Persian Gulf Pro League | 29 | 4 | | | - | - | - | - | 29 | 4 |
| Esteghlal Khuzestan | 2023–24 | Persian Gulf Pro League | 3 | 0 | | | - | - | - | - | 3 | 0 |
| Mes Rafsanjan | 2023–24 | Persian Gulf Pro League | 8 | 1 | | | - | - | - | - | 8 | 1 |
| Istiklol | 2025 | Tajikistan Higher League | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 113 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 113 | 11 |
* ↑ Includes Hazfi Cup, Tajikistan Cup
* 1 2 Appearances and goals in the AFC Champions League
* ↑ Appearances in the AFC Champions League Two
* ↑ Appearances in the Tajik Supercup
# Not About Angels

"Not About Angels" is a song by English musician Birdy. It is one of the theme songs for the film adaptation of the book The Fault in Our Stars.

## Music video

The music video for the song premiered on YouTube on 12 June 2014.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | 2× Platinum | 140,000$^‡$ |
| Denmark (IFPI Danmark) | Gold | 45,000$^‡$ |
| New Zealand (RMNZ) | Platinum | 30,000$^‡$ |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Gold | 400,000$^‡$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## In popular culture

This song was used by South Korean figure skater Jia Shin for her free skate in the 2023–24 figure skating season, where she won both of her Junior Grand Prix events, as well as the silver medal in the Final. In order to fulfill the required program length, Shin used the music "Portion of Eternity" by Hugo Chouinard for the middle section of her program. The song was also used by United States of America's Elyce Lin-Gracey for her free skate in the same season, earning a silver at her Junior Grand Prix assignment in Yerevan, Armenia.
# No Man's Land (video game)

No Man's Land, also known as No Man's Land: Fight for your Rights!, is a 2003 real-time strategy video game for Microsoft Windows developed by Related Designs and published by CDV Software.

## Gameplay

The game is set in the new world where the players can play as one of the six factions. Playable factions are the English, Spaniards, American Patriots, American Settlers, Woodland Native Americans, and Prairie Native Americans. Every faction has its own strength and weaknesses and heroes. The single player contains three campaigns.
Campaigns:
* In the first campaign called The Conquest of a New World the players fight as the Spaniards led by Capitan Esteban Carvinez against the English and native tribes.
* In the second campaign The called Fight against The Intruders the players take the role of the natives and fight against European intruders. The first half focuses on Magua and the Iroquois fighting against the English. The second half jumps many years ahead in which Grass Wing of the Cheyenne fights against American Settlers and their allied Crow tribe natives.
* The last and third campaign called The birth of a nation follows the Sanders family. The first part follows Jeremiah Sanders and takes place during the English Colonization of America in which English pilgrims fight through Spanish en route and unruly natives on American lands, eventually battling fanatical Pilgrim forces led by his former friend Aaron Harper. The second part follows Samuel Sanders during the American Revolutionary War in which he must lead American forces against the British, even seeking help from Magua, chieftain of the Iroquois. The third and final part follows William "Billy" Sanders as he and his settlers compete to build a railroad before his opponent Henry Starr does while dealing with Starr's forces and hostile natives.

## Reception

Aggregate scores :
| Aggregator | Score |
| GameRankings | 65.86% |
| Metacritic | 70/100 |
The game received mainly mixed to positive reviews. On Metacritic, it holds an aggregate score of 70 out of 100, based on twelve reviews. On GameRankings, it holds a score of 65.86%, based on fourteen reviews.
# Marsupial shrew

The two species in the genus Phascolosorex, also known as marsupial shrews, are members of the order Dasyuromorphia.
The two species of these dasyurids are:
* Red-bellied marsupial shrew, Phascolosorex doriae (Indonesia)
* Narrow-striped marsupial shrew, Phascolosorex dorsalis (Indonesia and Papua New Guinea)
# A Question of Honor (1915 film)

A Question of Honor is a 1915 American short silent film directed by B. Reeves Eason.

## Cast

* Jack Richardson
* Vivian Rich
* Walter Spence
# CIFA (computer)

CIFA is the acronym for Calculatorul Institutului de Fizică Atomică ('Computer of Atomic Physics Institute').
CIFA-1, the first Romanian computer, was built in 1957 under the guidance of Victor Toma. The experimental first-generation model CIFA-1 was reproduced in small numbers both in the original variant with vacuum tubes as well as in two variants using transistors: CIFA-10X and CET 500.
CIFA-1 was Romanias contribution to the development of computers in socialist countries (together with the USSR, the GDR, Polish People's Republic and CSSR).

## CIFA-1

The logic designs for CIFA-1 started in 1953, at the Academy Physics Institute in Măgurele, with Victor Toma as the head of the project. It was presented at the International Symposium in Dresden in 1955, and the prototype, which used 1500 vacuum tubes, a cylindrical magnet memory and machine code programming, was finished in 1957. Its size was that of three chifforobes, it had a paper tape input and a typewriter output and was able of solving 50 operations per second.
CIFA-1 was in use for two years. After it was decommissioned, it was scrapped and no part of it survived today.

## Later computers

Later CIFA computers were CIFA-2 (800 vacuum tubes) in 1959, CIFA-3 (for the Bucharest University's Computer Center) in 1961 and CIFA-4 in 1962. Other Romanian computers of the era are MECIPT-1 (1961), MECIPT-2 (1964) at the Polytechnic Institute of Timișoara, MARICA, DACICC-1 and DACICC-200 at the T. Popoviciu Institute of Numerical Analysis, Cluj-Napoca.
VITOSHA was the first Bulgarian computer, built in 1962-1963 on the basis of a cultural agreement between the Romanian and Bulgarian Academies of Science. It was based on CIFA-3.

## CIFA Computer Characteristics

| Computer Model | CIFA-1 | CIFA-4 | CIFA-101 | CIFA-102 |
| Year | 1957 | 1962 | 1962 | 1964 |
| Number of computers produced | 4 | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| Semiconductive diodes | 2500 | 2500 | 3000 | 3000 |
| Vacuum tubes | 800 | 800 | 350 | 350 |
| Computing speed | 50 op/s | 50 op/s | 50 - 2000 op/s | 50 - 2000 op/s |
| Internal memory type | cylinder 50 rot/s | cylinder 50 rot/s | cylinder 50 rot/s | cylinder 50 rot/s |
| Internal memory capacity | 512 words × 4 bits | 512 words × 4 bits | 4 k words × 4 bits | 4 k words × 4 bits |
| Peripherals | • punch card reader 15 characters/s • writer 8 characters/s | • punch card reader 15 characters/s • writer 8 characters/s | • punch card reader 15 characters/s • writer 8 characters/s | • punch card reader 100 characters/s • writer 8 characters/s |
| Number of instructions | 16 | 16 | 32 | 32 |
| Word length | 31 | 31 | 32 | 32 |
| Word processing mode | parallel | parallel | serial | serial |
| Power utilization | 5 kW | 5 kW | 1 kW | 1 kW |
# Heads or Tails (1937 film)

Heads or Tails (Spanish:Águila o sol) is a 1938 drama film of the cinema of Mexico.
The film is in the public domain in both Mexico and the United States.

## Plot

At birth, three children are abandoned in a convent. They are Polito Sol and his siblings, Adriana and Carmelo Águila and they grow up to become the "Águila o Sol" trio. Many years later, Don Hipólito, Polito's father becomes rich and decides to search for his son. In the end, he finds Polito and the Aguila siblings.

## Cast

* Mario Moreno "Cantinflas" as Polito Sol
* Manuel Medel as Carmelo Águila
* Margarita Mora as Teresa
* Marina Tamayo as Adriana Águila
* Luis G. Barreiro as Castro
* Manuel Arvide as Hipólito Sol
* Margarita Sodi as young Adriana
* Jesús de la Mora as young Polito
* José Girón Torres as young Carmelo
* Dora Ceprano as Dora
* Ramón Rey as "El Gallego"
* Teresa Rojas
* Emma Vogel
* Blanca Rosa Otero
* José Elías Moreno
* Rafael Baledón
* Virginia Serret
* Julio Ahuet
* Toña la Negra
* Rafael Hernández
* Rafael Díaz
* Antonio Escobar