OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Henley (violinist)

William Henley (1874–1957) was an English violinist, arranger of music, music teacher, and composer.

## Biography

William Henley was born at West Bromwich on January 28, 1874, and started playing the violin under his father John, at the age of six. After studying under him for five years, Henley studied with Mr. T. M. Abbott, of Birmingham. His first concert tour in 1886 was through Gloucestershire and the Forest of Dean, where he was announced as the "boy Paganini". In 1887 he became leader of the band that accompanied D'Oyly Carte's No. 1 Company to the principal towns of France.
In October, 1888, he went on a tour through Lancashire with H. T. Bywater. When performing in Birmingham in 1889, he came into contact with Councillor Beale, who was a musical enthusiast and suggested Henley should go to London for violin lessons, and kindly provided him with the means to continue his musical studies there. After studying the violin for two years with Henry Holmes, during which time he also studied theory of music under T. J. Woodall, of West Bromwich, and afterwards with Ben Nock, of Smethwick, he had a course of lessons from Willy Hess, once leader of Sir Charles Hallé’s Band. Hess again took an interest in Henley's career and requested him to accept the post of principal second violin in Hallé's orchestra, on the death of Mr. Harmer. However, all offers for orchestral playing were rejected, and Hess could not persuade the young Henley to leave Birmingham. In 1893 he continued his studies with Emile Sauret, Professor at the Royal Academy of Music, but it was not until the young Henley left Birmingham, and went to London to study with August Wilhelmj, that he began to make his name felt throughout England. Henley was a frequent guest of Wilhelmj, and led a string quartet, with Wilhelmj playing second violin. Owing to Henley's success Wilhelmj agreed to teach Henley for free. Henley was dubbed "The English Paganini" by critics of the day.
Henley later became a professor of composition and principal of the violin at the Royal Academy of Music in London.
The seminal reference book the Universal Dictionary of Violin & Bow Makers is based on his notes. The book was the first to include a significant number of American craftsmen. Henley travelled extensively as a performer, primarily with his quartet. His quartet, organised in 1907, consisted of Henley, Gertrude Crompton, James Lockyer and Gertrude Ess. It was during his trips, including a trip to America during the 1920s, that he gathered information for his book.
He died at his home on Kent Road, Kew on the 13 April 1957, aged 83.
# Geminal diol

A geminal diol (or gem-diol for short) is any organic compound having two hydroxyl functional groups (−OH) bound to the same carbon atom. Geminal diols are a subclass of the diols, which in turn are a special class of alcohols. Most of the geminal diols are considered unstable.
The simplest geminal diol is methanediol CH$_4$O$_2$ or H$_2$C(OH)$_2$. Other examples are:
* dihydroxymalinic acid (HOOC)$_2$C(OH)$_2$
* decahydroxycyclopentane (C(OH)$_2$)$_5$
* chloral hydrate (Cl$_3$C)HC(OH)$_2$

## Reactions
### Hydration equilibrium

Geminal diols can be viewed as ketone (or aldehyde) hydrates. The two hydroxyl groups in a geminal diol are easily converted to a carbonyl or keto group C=O by loss of one water molecule. Conversely, a keto group can combine with water to form the geminal hydroxyl groups.
The equilibrium in water solution may be shifted towards either compound. For example, the equilibrium constant for the conversion of acetone (H$_3$C)$_2$C=O to propane-2,2-diol (H$_3$C)$_2$C(OH)$_2$ is about 10$^{−3}$, while that of formaldehyde H$_2$C=O to methanediol H$_2$C(OH)$_2$ is 10$^3$.
For conversion of hexafluoroacetone (F$_3$C)$_2$C=O to the diol (F$_3$C)$_2$C(OH)$_2$, the constant is about 10$^{+6}$, due to the electron withdrawing effect of the trifluoromethyl groups. Similarly, the conversion of chloral (Cl$_3$C)HC=O to chloral hydrate is strongly favored by influence of the trichloromethyl group.
In some cases, such as decahydroxycyclopentane and dodecahydroxycyclohexane, the geminal diol is stable while the corresponding ketone is not.
Geminal diols can also be viewed as extreme cases of hemiacetals, formed by reaction of carbonyl compounds with water, instead of with an alcohol.
# Detour (2021 film)

Detour is a 2021 Nigerian movie written and directed by Jide Okeke and produced by Jumafor Ajogwu under the production company of Afribold Capital The movie was written in 2010 and was produced a decade later. It stars Jemima Osunde, Kanayo O. Kanayo, and Olumide Oworo, among others.

## Synopsis

The movie revolves around a journalist and a corps member who accidentally meet and reveal a massive conspiracy.

## Premiere

The movie was released to Cinemas nationwide on the 12th of November 2021.

## Cast

* Kanayo O. Kanayo
* Monalisa Chinda
* Jemima Osunde as Tari
* Olumide Oworu as Alex
* Tomiwa Tegbe as Seyi
* Uzor Osimpka
* Brutus Richards
# Steven H. Collis

Steven H. Collis (born 1961) is an American businessman, the chairman, president and chief executive officer (CEO) of Cencora, previously known as AmerisourceBergen.

## Early life

Collis was born in South Africa and attended the University of Witwatersrand, where he earned a Bachelor of Commerce. Collis is Jewish.

## Career

Collis joined AmerisourceBergen in 2001 as the Senior Vice President. In November 2010, Collis was promoted to president and COO of the company and in July 2011, Collis became CEO.
# Noushijan

Noushijan is an archaeological site in the west of Iran near Malayer. According to excavations from this site this area was not inhabited earlier than 800 B.C.. The discovered features of this Tappe are as follows:
* a building in the west of the Tappe (the first fire temple)
* a columned hall (Apadana)
* a central temple (the second temple)
* rooms and storerooms
* a tunnel
* a rampart

## Building in the west of Tappe

According to the plan of the discovered building and according to the archaeological and architectural investigations, the building was built before Apadana. The entrance of the building is in its eastern side like a central temple. It has two connected spaces.
The inner space of the building is rectangular and its entrance is in the neighboring room. The rest of a coal bowl in the southern side of the main room proves, that the fire ceremony was carried out (secretly). It can be suggested that the first fire temple was in a covered space in Noushijan Tappe and the ceremony had a connection with the developing religious ceremony in the median era. On the southern and western wall, there are ruins of two niches with egg-shaped vaults.

## Columned hall

The hall was built on an adobe platform. Its foundation is from loam mortar. The hall is 20 m long and 15 m wide. Its eastern side is not completely right-angled. The central space of Apadana has three column rows. Each row has four columns. The space has twelve columns that carried the weight of ceiling. The columns were wooden. Each column had a diameter of 25 cm. The eastern wall has two decorative niches; on the western side there are no decorations. Under the ceiling, there are windows that provide enough light for the space.

## Main temple

The main temple is an adobe semicircular octagon. This building is one of the most valuable median buildings.

## Room and storerooms

The second important building in Noushijan are the rooms and storerooms. The castle includes an enclosure wall, towers and four weapon storerooms. It is totally 25 m long and 22 m wide. The outer walls have 6 towers in the width and 7 towers in the length. The only entrance is in the middle of the eastern wall.

## Tunnel

In the northern part of Apadana, there is an artificial cellarlike pit that leads to a rock in the depth of 3 m. This pit has stairs. Its height is 170 cm and its width is 180 cm. According to its form, the tunnel has never reached the end and because of unknown reasons was abandoned as incomplete. The tunnel was built in the last phase of region's inhabitation.

## Rampart

In the southern and eastern part of the room and storerooms there is a rampart that encloses the buildings in the eastern part with a particular curve.
# Kendrick, Oklahoma

Kendrick is a town in Lincoln County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 139 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

Kendrick is located in northeastern Lincoln County. It is 9 miles (14 km) northwest of Stroud, 11 miles (18 km) northeast of Chandler, the Lincoln county seat, and 55 miles (89 km) northeast of Oklahoma City.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.15 square miles (0.39 km$^2$), all land.
Ranch Creek flows past the east side of the town, running south to Dry Creek and then to the Deep Fork, an eastward-flowing tributary of the North Canadian River.

## Demographics

At the 2000 census there were 138 people, 52 households, and 39 families living in the town. The population density was 965.4 inhabitants per square mile (372.7/km$^2$). There were 62 housing units at an average density of 433.7 per square mile (167.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 78.26% White, 2.90% African American, 15.22% Native American, and 3.62% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.62%.
Of the 52 households, 28.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.6% were married couples living together, 13.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.0% were non-families. 23.1% of households were one person and 5.8% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.15.
The age distribution was 26.1% under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 23.9% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 10.9% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 70.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 75.9 males.
The median household income was $21,000 and the median family income was $26,667. Males had a median income of $17,000 versus $13,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $10,662. There were 14.7% of families and 21.0% of the population living below the poverty line, including 42.9% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.
# Jumhooree Party

The Jumhooree Party (Dhivehi: ޖުމްހޫރީ ޕާޓީ, lit. 'Republican Party') is a political party in the Maldives. The party was founded by a group of MPs on 26 May 2008, and grew quickly, rapidly overtaking the Maldivian Democratic Party to become the largest opposition party in the Majlis for that year.
The party's leader and its presidential candidate is businessman and former finance minister Qasim Ibrahim.

## Election results
### Presidential elections

| Election | Party candidate | Running mate | Votes | % | Votes | % | Result |
| Election | Party candidate | Running mate | First Round | First Round | Second Round | Second Round | | Result |
| 2008 | Qasim Ibrahim | Ahmed Ali Sawaad | 27,056 | 15.32% | — | — | Lost N |
| 2013 | Qasim Ibrahim | Hassan Saeed | 50,422 | 24.07% | — | — | Annulled N |
| 2013 | Qasim Ibrahim | Hassan Saeed | 48,131 | 23.34% | — | — | Lost N |
| 2018 | Did not participate | Did not participate | Did not participate | Did not participate | Did not participate | Did not participate | Did not participate |
| 2023 | Qasim Ibrahim | Ameen Ibrahim | 5,545 | 2.52% | — | — | Lost N |

### People's Majlis elections

| Year | Party Leader | Votes | Vote % | Position | Seats | +/– |
| 2009 | Qasim Ibrahim | 6,882 | 4.16 | 4th | 1 / 77 | New |
| 2014 | Qasim Ibrahim | 25,149 | 13.56 | 3rd | 15 / 85 | 14 |
| 2019 | Qasim Ibrahim | 23,452 | 11.15 | 2nd | 5 / 87 | 10 |
| 2024 | Qasim Ibrahim | 3,141 | 1.49 | 5th | 1 / 93 | 4 |
# Orviston, Pennsylvania

Orviston is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Curtin Township, Centre County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 95. It is located in far northern Centre County, near the Clinton County border. Beech Creek runs through the center of the town, flowing southeast towards Bald Eagle Creek in the West Branch Susquehanna River watershed.
Orviston is known as the last town accessible by the Monument/Orviston road (formerly PA 364) - a 10.8-mile paved county road stemming from Beech Creek, Pennsylvania, and ending at the entrance to Orviston. Traffic can flow through Orviston, however, West on the Orviston-Kato road, South on the Orviston Mountain road to Romola and Marsh Creek, and North on the Dehass road to PA 144 N and E of Clarence. All are unpaved mountain roads. Formed prior to the mining boom, Orviston was so named in 1904 as replacement for its original name, Hayes Run, Pennsylvania, in honor of Judge Ellis Orvis, owner of the Orviston Fire Brick Company and President Judge of the 49th Judicial District of Pennsylvania. Judge Orvis owned a number of brick plants including the Centre Brick and Clay Company at the Western end of Orviston as well as the Snow Shoe Fire Brick Company in Snow Shoe among others. The now defunct Beech Creek Railroad - charted August 12, 1882 under the name Susquehanna and Southwestern Railroad which was absorbed by the New York Central Railroad which later became the Penn Central – ran through Orviston and its sister town, Monument, Pennsylvania, until the early 1960s.

## Flooding

Orviston experienced damage to homes and properties during March 1936 ice flood as a result of two heavy storms hitting the northern United States. Excessive rainfall, coupled with melting snow, raised water levels in the Beech Creek stream by about 4 feet - a record breaking event at that time. There were no reported casualties in Orviston. In June 1972 the Beech Creek stream flooded again as a result of Hurricane Agnes dropping up to 30 inches of rainfall on Orviston and surrounding towns at a rate of 7 inches per hour during its peak. No casualties occurred during the Agnes flood and property damage was not significant or long lasting.
* Old NYC RR railroad bridge over Hayes Run and flows into the Beech Creek stream at this location.
* The largest building in town is what was originally known as The Creek Side Inn and later as the boarding house.
* 1915 Mountain View Railroad pass signed by J.L. Harvey and belonging to J.W. Woomer
* Baseball diamond
* Beech Creek stream looking West (up stream) towards "Centrebrick".
# This Generation (Murs and Fashawn album)

This Generation is a collaboration album by American hip hop recording artists Murs and Fashawn, released on September 25, 2012 under Duck Down Music Inc. Production for the album was handled by the duo Beatnick & K-Salaam. Music videos were filmed for the singles "Slash Gordan", "This Generation", and "64 Impala".

## Background and development

Prior to the album's creation, Murs and Fashawn would frequently bump into each other on the road, although they had never worked with each other. As Murs began to plan out a new project with producers Beatnick & K-Salaam, the three of them expressed interest in doing a full collaboration album with Fashawn.
Initially, the album was going to be a double EP, with Murs taking half of the beats and Fashawn taking the other half. However, as the two began to work closely together, the project evolved into a more collaborative effort, with both artists vibing off each other's creative process.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 73/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| HipHopDX | |
| Okayplayer | |
| XXL | |
This Generation was met with acclaim from music critics. XXL Magazine gave the album an XL rating, praising that "[Murs and Fashawn] feed off each other well, resulting in good music with a message. It’s unclear if the two will follow up this effort with another, but it seems like they should and sooner than later." Okayplayer stated, "Despite never collaborating before making this LP, Murs and Fashawn have done what few collaborative albums do: create a complete and cohesive album, that actually lives up to lofty expectations." HipHopDX gave the album 4 out of 5 stars, acknowledging that "Murs and Fashawn forge an exceptional chemistry on This Generation that more importantly doesn’t compromise their stylistic individuality." Fred Thomas of AllMusic said, "The sense of camaraderie and interplay between the two cuts across lines of age and experience."

## Charts

| Chart | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 164 |
| US Top Independent Albums | 38 |
| US Top R&B Albums | 22 |
| US Top Rap Albums | 17 |
# Moldova men's national under-20 basketball team

The Moldova men's national under-20 basketball team is a national basketball team of Moldova, administered by the Basketball Federation of Moldova. It represents the country in men's international under-20 basketball competitions.

## FIBA U20 EuroBasket participations

| Year | Result in Division B |
| 2015 | 18th |
| 2017 | 21st |
| 2018 | 22nd |
| 2024 | 21st |
# Stomatosuchidae

Stomatosuchidae is an extinct family of neosuchian crocodylomorphs. It is defined as the most inclusive clade containing Stomatosuchus inermis but not Notosuchus terrestris, Simosuchus clarki, Araripesuchus gomesii, Baurusuchus pachecoi, Peirosaurus torminni, or Crocodylus niloticus. Two genera are known to belong to Stomatosuchidae: Stomatosuchus, the type genus, and Laganosuchus. Fossils have been found from Egypt, Morocco, and Niger. Both lived during the Cenomanian stage of the Late Cretaceous. The skulls of stomatosuchids are said to be platyrostral because they have unusually flattened, elongate, duck-shaped craniums with U-shaped jaws. This platyrostral condition is similar to what is seen in the "nettosuchid" Mourasuchus, which is not closely related to stomatosuchids as it is a more derived alligatoroid that existed during the Miocene.
Unlike Mourasuchus, stomatosuchids have jaws that are less strongly bowed. Additionally, the glenoid is rounded rather than cupped at the posterior end of the jaw, and the retroarticular process is straight rather than dorsally curving like in Mourasuchus and other extant crocodylians.
The only existing specimens of stomatosuchids belong to the recently described genus Laganosuchus, which is known from two species, L. thaumastos and L. maghrebensis from the Echkar Formation in Niger and the Kem Kem Beds in Morocco, respectively. The genus Stomatosuchus is known only from a holotype skull collected from the Bahariya Formation in Egypt, which was destroyed in World War II with the bombing of the Munich Museum. Because Stomatosuchus is known only from brief accounts by Ernst Stromer and Franz Nopcsa (1926) and no additional material has ever been found, the genus remains enigmatic.
The genus Aegyptosuchus was once considered to be a member of Stomatosuchidae, but it is now placed within its own family, Aegyptosuchidae.
# Paul Giel

Paul Robert Giel (February 29, 1932 – May 22, 2002) was an American college football and professional baseball player from Winona, Minnesota. He was an All-American in both sports at the University of Minnesota.

## Collegiate career

Giel attended the University of Minnesota, where he was a star single wing tailback for the Minnesota Golden Gophers football team. While at Minnesota, Giel was a member of Phi Kappa, which later merged with Phi Kappa Theta fraternity. During his career at Minnesota he rushed for 2,188 yards and had 1,922 yards passing. Giel received the Chicago Tribune Silver Football as the Big Ten's most valuable player twice, in 1952 and 1953, was named an All-American twice. Giel was the captain of the football team in 1953 that featured an upset of No. 5 Michigan for the Little Brown Jug. That year, he was the runner-up to Johnny Lattner of Notre Dame for the Heisman Trophy. His 1,794 votes received are the most by any player not to win the award. He was United Press International's college player of the year and the Associated Press back of the year.
Giel was a pitcher for the Minnesota Golden Gophers baseball team. He was selected to the 1953 College Baseball All-America Team by the American Baseball Coaches Association.
Giel was especially known for his speed and rapid cutting to change direction on the football field. At 185 pounds he was not a power runner. In the final game of the 1953 football season, Giel was clipped (tackled from behind while near the ball-carrier) on a kick return. This illegal action by an opposing player led to a fifteen-yard penalty and a broken ankle that for many confirmed the belief that Giel was too slight to have a professional football career. Despite this, the Canadian Football League (CFL) offered him $75,000 over three years.

## Professional career

Instead of professional football, after his collegiate days Giel pitched in the major leagues for the New York / San Francisco Giants, Pittsburgh Pirates, Minnesota Twins, and Kansas City Athletics. He signed with the Giants for a $60,000 bonus, which was their highest ever at the time.
After his retirement from baseball, Giel was a color commentator on Minnesota Vikings radio broadcasts from 1962 to 1969, and served as the University of Minnesota's Director of Athletics from 1971 to 1989. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1975.

## Personal life

Giel died following a heart attack on May 22, 2002.
# Kickstarts (song)

"Kickstarts" is a song by British singer Example. This is the third single from Example's second album, Won't Go Quietly. The song was available to download on 13 June 2010, with a physical single release on 14 June 2010. Production was handled by British drum and bass musician Sub Focus.

## Critical reception

Robert Copsey of Digital Spy gave the song a positive review stating:
   Having scored that all-important breakthrough hit with 'Won't Go Quietly' earlier this year, Elliot 'Example' Gleave now faces the tricky task of following it up. The Londoner recently told us he was gunning for plenty of radio play and a well-received video with this one – but does 'Kickstarts' warrant that kind of attention?
   The answer is a resounding "Yes!" Example reckons producer Sub Focus has brought a "hardcore club edge to a lyrically poppy single" here – and he's not wrong, with lines like "You're my girl in a golden crown / Princess I don't wanna let you down" cloaked in loads of clubby beats and a squiggly synth riff. It all adds up to a self-proclaimed slice of "grown-up rave" that's as refreshing as sipping a pint of cider in a pub garden on a hot summer's day. Nice .

## Chart performance

"Kickstarts" debuted on the Irish Singles Chart at number 8 on 18 June 2010, marking Example's most successful single in the country, after "Won't Go Quietly" reached a peak of number 36 in January 2010. Likewise, "Kickstarts" received similar success on the UK Singles Chart, debuting at number 3 beating the previous single's peak of number 6, but also at number one on the UK Dance Chart and UK Indie Chart, marking his second consecutive number one on both charts. The single also managed to reach a peak of number 11 on the European Hot 100 Singles chart.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| New Zealand (RMNZ) | Gold | 7,500$^*$ |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | 2× Platinum | 1,200,000$^‡$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||
# Robert Dawn

Robert Dawn (October 22, 1921 – July 9, 1983) was an American make-up artist.
Dawn was born in Hollywood, California, the son of Anna Christine and Jack Dawn, a make-up artist. Dawn attended Commerce High School in San Francisco, California. He served as a fighter pilot during World War II earning the Distinguished Flying Cross, Purple Heart and Silver Star. After being discharged from the Air Force, Dawn worked for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer as a make-up artist. In 1971, he won a Primetime Emmy Award in the category Outstanding Makeup for his work on the television program Mission: Impossible.
Dawn died in July 1983 in Los Angeles, California, at the age of 61.