OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mahar (tribe)

Mahar (Sindhi: مھر) is a Sindhi Sammat tribe found in Sindh and Punjab, Pakistan. and Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, India.
They were among the freedom fighters against the British Raj, known as (Hur Mujahids). They live in India, to Jamshoro, Pakistan, which includes the Thar desert and more than half of Sindh.The Mahars have the proper Sardari system Currently The Mahar family today lives in Ghotki, Sindh, Pakistan; they still follow their traditions and have a sea of people following them. The Mahars are a politically active and influential tribe.

## Clans

The Mahar is a tribe of Sindhi Sammats. The clans of Mahar tribe are: Ansani, Bakira, Baipar, Bamuja, Baga, Bagra, Bakherani, Baghal, Bakhupota, Bhaikhairani, Buja, Balha/Bulha, Baman, Banbal, Bunblia, Bālani, Banbha/Bhanbha, Bijal, Chanar, Chahara, Chubra, Chhapra, Chhatta/Chhutta, Cheena, Chohra, Chelaria, Chanujo/Chaneja, Derajo, Daheja, Data, Dita, Dedla, Deengra, Eukhnani, Gadan, Gāgnani, Gajnani, Gumna, Ghana, Haseja, Heesja, Hathi, Hathipotra, Harha, Hala, Jesraja, Janga, Jiand, Jedha, Jeesar, Jeesarja, Khiani, Kabra, Khayalani, Lādar/Ladhar, Lanjari/Linjari, Lodha, Lodra, Langani/Longani, Lachi, Lāo, Lalepotra, Lalang, Matooja, Mahlani, Mahalani, Māka, Māri, Mārij, Mubah, Māreja, Mārecha, Mihlani, Minhani, Menuhani, Marfat, Mahrich, Mathera, Matrija, Munhja, Manhija, Mahzol, Muradani, Marupotra, Motani, Ninjah, Nunhja, Nareja, Nangreja, Nidamani, Nizamani, Naija, Nangwa, Nosakhja, Rukhnani/Rakrani, Raipar/Repar, Ramuja/Rameja, Sakhi, Sakhija/Sukhija, Sahija, Soomarja, Sakhera, Soomrani, Sakhirani, Sakhani, Sajani, Sawai, Sabuja, Sahāna, Sādor, Tamachani, Tughani, Tanghani, Talani, Unsani, Winiha, Wanjha/Winjha, Wijal, Waharkia, Wahria, Wains, Wechal and Parocha.

### Sardar/Chief

Headship or Sardari went to Sakhijo clan of Khangarh Sharif. Sardar or Chief the whole Mahar tribe is Sardar Mohammad Bux Khan Mahar as he was the oldest son of the last chief, Al-Hajj Sardar Ghulam Muhammad Khan Mahar.

## Notable people

* Ali Gohar Khan Mahar (born 1968), Pakistani politician.
* Ali Nawaz Khan Mahar (born 1972), Pakistani politician.
* Ali Mohammad Mahar (1967–2019), Pakistani politician.
* Muhammad Bux Khan Mahar Pakistani politician.
* Ghulam Muhammad Khan Mahar (died 1995), Pakistani politician and philanthropist.
* Sardar Muhammad Bakhsh Khan Mahar Pakistani politician.
* Ghos Bakhsh Khan Mahar (born 1945), Pakistani politician.
* Razzaq Mahar (1954–2002), Pakistani writer and columnist.
# Chandan K Anand

Chandan K Anand (born 23 October 1980) is an Indian actor who works in Hindi films.

## Filmography
### Films

| Year | Title | Role |
| 2005 | Mr Ya Miss | Elevator man |
| 2007 | Kaafila | Deep Singh |
| 2007 | Chain Kulii Ki Main Kulii | |
| 2009 | Love Aaj Kal | |
| 2009 | Aloo Chaat | |
| 2016 | Parched | |
| 2019 | The Body | |
| 2020 | Gunjan Saxena: The Kargil Girl | |
| 2024 | Fighter | Harish "Nauty" Nautiyal |

### Television

| Year | Serial | Role | Channel |
| 2010 | Yeh Pyar Na Hoga Kam | Omi (The College Goon) | Colors TV |
| 2013–2014 | The Adventures of Hatim | Zargam | Life OK |
| 2014–2015 | Jab Jab Bahar Aayee | | DD National |
| 2014–2015 | Dharmakshetra | Yudhishthir | Epic TV |
| 2015 | Stories by Rabindranath Tagore | | Epic TV |
| 2015–2016 | Bhaage Re Mann | Raghav Vajpayee | Zindagi |
| 2017 | Prem Ya Paheli – Chandrakanta | Kroor Singh | Life OK |
| 2019 | Khoob Ladi Mardaani – Jhansi Ki Rani | Ghaus Khan | Colors TV |
| 2020–2021 | Barrister Babu | Barrister Binoy Roy Choudhary | Colors TV |
| 2022 | Meet: Badlegi Duniya Ki Reet | Abhay Rana | Zee TV |
| 2022–2023 | Ali Baba | Saddam | Sony SAB |
| 2022–2023 | Durga Aur Charu | Barrister Binoy Roy Choudhary | Colors TV |
| 2024–2025 | Shaitani Rasmein | Vikram Gehlot | Star Bharat |

### Web series

| Year | Title | Role | Platform |
| 2019 | Rangbaaz | Ranjan Tiwari | ZEE5 |
| 2023 | Class | Suraj Ahuja | Netflix |
| 2023 | Campus Beats | Sekhawat | Amazon Prime Video |
# Silver chub

The silver chub (Macrhybopsis storeriana) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, the shiners, daces and minnows. This species is found in North America.

## Description

The maximum size of a silver chub is 231 mm (9.1 in) in total length. It is pale grey-green dorsally, becoming silvery on its sides and silvery white on its belly. The iris of its eye is white-yellow. A faint dusky lateral stripe is usually present. The caudal fin is lightly pigmented, except the lower 3–4 rays, which are completely unpigmented. Silver chubs have a body shape that is slender, moderately compressed, and flattened ventrally. Their mouths are inferior and horizontal. They have a maxillary barbel, the premaxilla is protractile, and the upper lip is separated from the skin of the snout by a deep groove that is continuous along the midline. The lateral line is either straight or has a broad arch. Adult males have large, uniserial tubercles on the dorsal surface of pectoral fins rays 2–10. The head of a silver chub bears minute sensory buds, but not breeding tubercles.

## Diet

Silver chubs are planktivores/invertivores. During the first year, they consume small crustaceans and midge larvae and pupae. The adults eat mayfly larvae, small mollusks, and crustaceans.

## Habitat

Silver chubs are mainly restricted to large, often silty rivers; they are sometimes found near the mouths of small streams.

## Reproduction and Life Cycle

The spawning season for silver chubs has been recorded to be in late spring or early summer in Iowa, and June and July in Wisconsin In western Lake Erie, spawning began the second week of June in water temperature of 19 °C (66 °F), reached its peak during the last week of June and first week of July with water temperature at 23 °C (73 °F), and was completed by the middle of August. Kinney (1954) concluded that the species spawns at relatively high temperatures. Silver chubs are rock and gravel spawners with pelagic free embryos. Life longevity for male silver chubs is three years and for females is four years. Kinney (1954) found most 1-year old fish to be sexually mature. During development, the average silver chub is 124 mm (4.9 in) in standard length after the first year, 147 mm (5.8 in) in standard length after the second year, and 164 mm (6.5 in) in standard length after the third year.

## Distribution

United States distribution: Widespread from southern New York to the Red River drainages. Texas distribution: The silver chub is in the Red River and the lower Brazos River; the Brazos River population is apparently disjunct from other populations of this species, which range through the Mississippi River basin to Mobil Bay.

## Importance to Humans

The silver chub is regarded as excellent forage and bait fish for largemouth and smallmouth black bass.

## Etymology

Macrhybopsisis Greek "long rounded face" and storeriana named for David H. Storer (1804–1891), an early student of North American fishes.
# MCs Can Kiss

"MCs Can Kiss" is a single from Uffie's debut album Sex Dreams and Denim Jeans. The single was written by Uffie and Feadz and was produced by Mr. Oizo. It was released digitally on January 12, 2010 and as a 12" vinyl on February 1, 2010 via Ed Banger Records and Because Music. "MCs Can Kiss" contains a sample from "Night Drive" by Giorgio Moroder and includes remixes by Starkey and Zombie Disco Squad.
On March 11, 2010, a remix by Mike D was released as a free download through Uffie's official website. A remix by labelmate DSL featuring Japanese DJ Mademoiselle Yulia was released to iTunes on September 29, 2010.
"MCs Can Kiss" was a surprise underground hit in Japan, peaking at number 48 in the Japan Hot 100 and also managed to successfully chart in France as well.

## Reception

MCs Can Kiss received positive reviews describing it as "an old school soundclash of heavy beats and sharp rhymes" that "shows off the French-American's ballsy schtick to full effect." BBC labeled it as "tremendous", while Gigwise went on to say that the single was "a razor-sharp lyrical assault with enough bombast to fuel the war in Afghanistan."

## Track listing
### Digital Release

* "MCs Can Kiss" (Original) — 3:09
* "MCs Can Kiss" (Starkey Redid) — 4:19
* "MCs Can Kiss" (Zombie Disco Squad Remix) — 5:54
* "MCs Can Kiss" (Zombie Disco Squad Dub) — 5:57

### 12" Single

    A1. "MCs Can Kiss" (Original) — 3:09
    A2. "MCs Can Kiss" (Starkey Redid) — 4:19
    B1. "MCs Can Kiss" (Zombie Disco Squad Remix) — 5:54
    B2. "MCs Can Kiss" (Zombie Disco Squad Dub) — 5:57

### Digital Remix

* "MCs Can Kiss" (Mike D Remix) — 2:53

### Digital Remix

* "MCs Can Kiss" feat. Mademoiselle Yulia (DSL Remix) — 4:11

## Charts

| Chart (2010) | Peak Position |
| French Singles Chart | 97 |
| Japan Hot 100 | 48 |
| Japan Adult Contemporary Airplay | 88 |
# Adgestone

Adgestone is a small hamlet on the Isle of Wight. It is located close to Brading (where the 2011 Census was included) in the east of the island.
There is 10-acre (40,000 m$^2$) vineyard in Adgestone which also is the site of a bed and breakfast. This is one of the oldest vineyards in the British Islands, having been started in 1968.
There is a campsite in Adgestone. The nearest public transport is bus route 3 on the main road through Brading.
# Rahila Al Riyami

Rahila bint Amur Al Riyami (Arabic: رحيلة بنت عامر الريامي, died 5 February 2017) was an Omani politician. Along with Lujaina Mohsin Darwish, she was one of the first two Omani women to be directly elected to the Consultative Assembly in 2000.

## Biography

Al Riyami was a civil servant, serving as Director of Educational Planning at the Ministry of Education for 16 years. In 2000, she was one of fifteen female candidates in the general elections that year. Running in Bawshar, she was one of two women elected. She was re-elected to the Assembly in 2003. In 2007, she was appointed to the Council of State, serving as its head of Human Resources Development. She died in 2017
# The Second Line

The Second Line (1950–present) is the official magazine of the New Orleans Jazz Club. Formed in April 1950, the magazine is dedicated to jazz musicians, teachers, and enthusiasts who have attempted to preserve New Orleans jazz music from commercialization. Its name is a reference to the practice of the second line.

## History

The Second Line was the publication of the New Orleans Jazz Club, founded by four white friends in 1948, during the annual Zulu parade at Mardi Gras in New Orleans. Attracting musicians and record collectors alike, the club was dedicated to documenting and preserving jazz music from the New Orleans area. Despite the fact that jazz was a predominantly black art form in the 1940s and 1950s, during this time the club did not admit African American members, except as out-of-town correspondents, for fear of tarnishing its image. Members of the club were encouraged to attend regular meetings and jam sessions, listen to the radio station created by founding member Albert L. Diket (who would go on to become a professor of history and author of several books on Louisiana history), and receive The Second Line for free.
Over the years, the magazine profiled many accomplished jazz musicians, from Steve Lewis and Edmond Hall to Louis Armstrong. Regular contributors to the magazine included Doc Souchon.
# Battle of Tambo del Visitador

vtePeruvian War of Independence :
Autonomous uprisings
Goyeneche campaign [es]
1st Tacna
Huánuco [es]
2nd Tacna [es]
Camiara [es]
Cuzco
Huanta
Chacaltaya [es]
Apacheta [es]
Matará [es]
Umachiri [es]
Aymaraes [es]
Southern liberation campaign
Paracas [es]
1st Arenales [es]
Palpa
Nazca
Acarí
Mayoc
Tarma
Pasco
Huaura
Huancayo
2nd Arenales [es]
Ataura [es]
Quiapata [es]
Aznapuquio [es]
Miller campaign [es]
1st Callao
Quito campaign [es]
Ica
Paras [es]
Caucato [es]
1st Intermedios
Torata
Moquegua
Northern liberation campaign
Maynas
Moyobamba
1st Higos Urco
2nd Higos Urco
La Ventana
Tambo del Visitador
Nueva Rioja
Habana
2nd Moyobamba
Colombian intervention
La Victoria
2nd Intermedios
Zepita
Arequipa [es]
Falsuri [es]
2nd Callao
Olañeta rebellion [es]
Junín
Bellavista [es]
Corpahuaico
Ayacucho
Last bastions
Upper Peru campaign
3rd Callao
Chiloé [es]
Iquicha War
Naval campaigns
William Brown expedition [es]
Thomas Cochrane campaign
John Illingworth expedition
Roque Guruceta expedition [es]
4th Callao [es] :
The Battle of Tambo Visitador or Battle of Visitador also called the Battle of Tambo del Río Negro (Spanish: Batalla de Tambo del Río Negro) was one of the minor confrontations between the royalist troops of the Amazonas and the patriots of Chachapoyas, which occurred on September 12, 1822.

## The battle

After the defeat at La Ventana, the Spanish troops under the command of Sergeant Cárdenas would settle on one side of the bank of the Rio Negro, entrenching themselves. After this, the patriots would arrive under the command of Domingo Reaño, winner of the battle of La Ventana, together with the chaplain also named captain, Fray Juan Isidoro Aguilar.
Both armies, located on opposite sides of the riverbank, would confront each other until finally the patriotic garrison would manage to expel the royalist troops, who would retreat towards the town of Rioja.

## Consequences

With the withdrawal of the royalists, Reaño's army would advance towards Rioja to give the penultimate battle of the War for the Independence of Maynas.

## Literature

* Herrera, Jenaro (1917). "2". El proceso de independencia en Maynas, 1820-1824 (in Spanish). p. 10.
# Parchment paper

Parchment paper, also known as baking paper, is a cellulose-based paper whose material has been processed so as to obtain additional properties such as non-stickiness, grease resistance, resistance to humidity and heat resistance. It is commonly used in baking and cooking as a disposable non-stick paper. It is greaseproof paper that can be used for several different applications, its surface prevents the food from sticking, and also is highly heat-resistant with some brands capable of temperatures up to 420 °F (216 °C). It should not be confused with waxed paper, which is paper that has been coated with wax.

## Manufacturing

To get its non-stick properties, baking paper is coated either with a substance called "quilon" or with silicone; the former is considered less safe.

## Applications in cooking and baking

A common use is to eliminate the need to grease sheet pans, allowing very rapid turn-around of batches of baked goods with minimal clean-up. Parchment paper is also used to cook en papillote, a technique where food is steamed or cooked within closed pouches made from parchment paper.
Parchment paper can be used in most applications that call for wax paper as a non-stick surface. The reverse is not true, as using wax paper would cause smoke in the oven and would adversely affect flavor.

## Other bakery release papers

The non-stick properties can be also achieved by employing a coated paper, for which a suitable release agent—a coating with a low surface energy and capability to withstand the temperatures involved in the baking or roasting process—is deposited onto the paper's surface; silicone (cured with a suitable catalyst) is frequently used.

## Other applications

Parchment paper also has relevant properties for other industries. In the textile tube industry, an outer layer of parchment confers the necessary resistance to abrasion, heat and oil. In other industries, parchment is used as a processing aid due to its release properties, whether for furniture laminate manufacturing and rubber vulcanization.
In creative forms such as origami thin uncoated parchment paper is often used for tessellations and complex models.

## Disposal

Uncoated parchment paper is composed of cellulosic fibers and therefore is considered compostable both in an industrial setting (EN13432) and at home. However, most parchment paper for cooking is coated with silicone, which is not compostable.
# Paul Baerwald

Paul Baerwald (September 27, 1871 – July 2, 1961) was a German-born Jewish-American banker and philanthropist.

## Early life and family

Baerwald was born on September 27, 1871, in Frankfurt-on-Main, Germany, the son of Dr. Herman Baerwald and Selma Frenkel.

## Career

Baerwald began working in the banking business with Lazard-Speyer-Ellissen in Frankfurt from 1886 to 1891. He then worked for Speyer Brothers in London from 1891 to 1896. From 1896 to 1906, he worked with Speyer and Company in New York City. He then worked as a partner in Lazard Frères until 1930, when he retired from banking to focus on entirely on philanthropic and communal endeavors. He was also chairman of the executive committee of Fidelity-Phoenix Fire Insurance Co., executive committee member of the Fire Building Corporation, director of the General American Investors Corporation, advisory committee member of the Texas Pacific Land Trust.

## Charitable work and affiliations

Baerwald's involvement in Jewish communal work began in 1917, when his close friend Felix M. Warburg asked him to become associate treasurer of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee (JDC). He became treasurer of the JDC in 1920, and in 1932 he became its chairman. In 1938, he joined President Roosevelt's Advisory Committee on Political Refugees, which tried to find ways to aid Nazi victims. He supervised the JDC's rescue work during World War II, risking its credit by sending money to Europe that had to be borrowed from New York banks. A high percentage of the War Refugee Board funds from 1944 to 1945 came from the JDC under Baerwald's direction. His financial policy continued during the post-war years, when the JDC aided over half a million refugees to reach Israel.
Baerwald became honorary chairman of the JDC in 1945. In 1949, the JDC opened the Paul Baerward School, a social work named after him, in Versailles, France. The school was transferred to Israel in 1958. He was a trustee and treasurer of the New York Foundation, a voting trustee of the Palestine Economic Corporation, treasurer of the Wollman Foundation, and trustee and treasurer of the Solomon and Betty Loeb Convalescent Home. He served the United Jewish Appeal as a member of the national campaign executive committee, director and vice-chairman of the Appeal in New York, and as honorary chairman of its 1946 campaign. He was also treasurer of the American Society for Jewish Farm Settlements in Russia and the American Jewish Joint Agricultural Corporation.
Baerwald was a member of the Harmonie Club.

## Personal life and death

In 1909, he married Edith Jacobi. Their children were Pauline Frances, Herman Frederick, Jane, and Florence.
Baerwald died in Monmouth Memorial Hospital in Long Branch, New Jersey, following a short illness on July 2, 1961. At the time, he was in his summer home in Elberon. 500 people attended his funeral. He was buried in Mount Pleasant Cemetery in Westchester County.
# Pammachius

Pammachius (d. 410 AD) was a Roman senator who is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches. He married Paulina. After her death, he gave himself up to works of charity.

## Biography

Pammachius was born to a noble Roman family, possibly the Furii. He was a boyhood friend and classmate in the schools of rhetoric of Jerome.
Pammachius was a senator, and became proconsul. In 385 he married Paulina, second daughter of Paula of Rome. He was probably among the viri genere optimi religione præclari, who in 390 denounced Jovinian to Pope Siricius.
Paulina died in childbirth in 397. After her funeral, Pammachius gave substantial alms to the poor for the repose of her soul. On the advice of his friend Paulinus of Nola, he then gave himself up to works of charity. In 398, with another friend, Fabiola, he built at Porto, at the mouth of the Tiber opposite Ostia, the Xenodochium of Pammachius, a guest-house for pilgrims.
In 399 Pammachius and Oceanus wrote to Jerome asking him to translate Origen's De Principiis, and repudiate the insinuation of Rufinus that Jerome was of one mind with himself with regard to Origen. He corresponded with Jerome on matters of faith, and tried unsuccessfully to get Jerome to tone down the language he used when referring to opponents. Many of Jerome's commentaries on scripture were dedicated to Pammachius. In 401 Pammachius was thanked by Augustine of Hippo for a letter he wrote to the people of Numidia, where he owned property, exhorting them to abandon the Donatist schism.
Pammachius never seems to have entered holy orders, as some have thought; but lived sequestered from the world, devoting himself entirely to the exercises of devotion, penance, and charity. He died in 410.
The liturgical feast of Pammachius is kept on 30 August.
# Thymen Arensman

Thymen Arensman (born 4 December 1999) is a Dutch cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Ineos Grenadiers.

## Major results
### Cyclo-cross
#### 2015–2016

    Junior Superprestige
       3rd Spa-Francorchamps
    5th UEC European Junior Championships

#### 2016–2017

    1st National Junior Championships
    UCI Junior World Cup
       1st Heusden-Zolder
       5th Namur
    3rd Overall Junior Superprestige
       2nd Zonhoven
       2nd Gavere
       2nd Hoogstraten
       3rd Gieten
       3rd Diegem
    Junior Brico Cross
       2nd Geraardsbergen
    Junior DVV Trophy
       3rd Baal

#### 2017–2018

    3rd National Under-23 Championships

#### 2018–2019

    Under-23 DVV Trophy
       1st Koppenberg

### Road
#### 2017

    2nd Time trial, National Junior Championships
    2nd Overall Oberösterreich Juniorenrundfahrt
       1st Stage 3
    3rd Overall Internationale Niedersachsen-Rundfahrt
    8th Overall Trofeo Karlsberg

#### 2018

    2nd Overall Tour de l'Avenir
    3rd Paris–Roubaix Espoirs

#### 2021

    1st Young rider classification, Tour de Romandie
    7th Overall Giro di Sicilia

#### 2022 (2 pro wins)

    2nd Overall Tour de Pologne
       1st Stage 6 (ITT)
    3rd Overall Tour of the Alps
       1st Young rider classification
    6th Overall Vuelta a España
       1st Stage 15
    6th Overall Tirreno–Adriatico
    Combativity award Stage 16 Giro d'Italia

#### 2023

    6th Overall Giro d'Italia

#### 2024

    5th Time trial, UEC European Road Championships
    5th Overall Volta ao Algarve
    6th Overall Giro d'Italia
    6th Overall Tirreno–Adriatico

#### 2025

    3rd Overall Paris–Nice
    4th Overall Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana

#### General classification results timeline

| Grand Tour | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
| Giro d'Italia | — | — | 18 | 6 | 6 | |
| Tour de France | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Vuelta a España | 41 | 61 | 6 | DNF | DNF | — |
| Major stage race general classification results |||||||
| Stage races | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
| Paris–Nice | — | — | — | — | — | 3 |
| Tirreno–Adriatico | — | — | 6 | 22 | 6 | — |
| Volta a Catalunya | NH | 101 | — | — | — | |
| Tour of the Basque Country | NH | — | — | — | — | |
| Tour de Romandie | NH | 11 | — | — | 27 | — |
| Critérium du Dauphiné | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Tour de Suisse | NH | 55 | DNF | — | — | — |
Legend :
| — | Did not compete |
| DNF | Did not finish |
# IJEX

IJEX Exchange Co., Ltd. , branded IJEX, is a US-based multi-asset investment company focused on CFD offerings, and has offices in Singapore, Canada, and the United Kingdom.

## Overview

IJEX is headquartered in the United States and has offices in Singapore, Canada, and the United Kingdom. IJEX is regulated by the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority (ACRA), a ministry of the government of Singapore responsible for managing Singapore's fiscal policies and the structure of its economy.