OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Samuel Joseph Nicholl

Samuel Joseph Nicholl, also known as S. J. Nicholl (1826–1905), was an English ecclesiastical architect and author. He mainly worked with Thomas John Willson, mentored many other architects and designed many Catholic churches in England.

## Life

He was born in London on 29 March 1826. From 1840 to 1847 he was a student of Joseph John Scoles. He would later write Scoles' entry in the Dictionary of National Biography. From 1843 he was registered as a student of the Royal Institute of British Architects. On 29 November 1847, he qualified as an Associate of the Royal Institute of British Architects. From 1853 he was an assistant to Philip Hardwick. From 1857 to 1859, he worked with George J. Wigley. In 1859, he submitted a design for Ss Peter and Paul Church in Cork, Ireland with George J. Wigley. However, it was not chosen. From 1859 to 1869, he worked with Thomas John Willson, also known as T. J. Willson. Their architectural firm was based in Kentish Town, London. During that partnership they designed many churches for the Catholic Church in England and Wales and taught other architects such as Henry Bloomfield Bare and Alexander Scoles. From 1869, he worked on his own. From 1874 to 1877, Leonard Stokes did his training with Nicholl. In 1874, he married Agnes Rose Bouvier Nicholl. On 21 March 1905, he died in Kentish Town, London.

## Works

Churches he designed with Thomas John Willson include: St Charles Borromeo Church, Westminster in 1862, the south aisle of St John the Baptist Church, Hackney in 1862 (now demolished); St Catherine's Church, West Drayton in 1868, St Anne's Church in Accrington in 1869 (demolished in 2003); and St Alban and St Stephen's Church, St Albans in 1878 (now demolished). Together with Willson, they also designed at least two memorials: one to Charles Napier in Victoria Park, Portsmouth, and another to HMS Chesapeake in Southsea, Portsmouth. While working alone he continued to design other buildings, these include: 42 Maiden Lane, Westminster in 1873; St Helen's Church, Oldcotes in 1877; St Francis of Assisi Church, Shefford in 1882; and Our Lady of the Sacred Heart Church, Wellingborough in 1884. He was also responsible for additions, extensions and renovations made to pre-existing churches, such as the apse of St Walburge's Church, Preston in 1872; the bishop's house next to Northampton Cathedral in 1877; extensions to St George's Church, Worcester from 1878 to 1880; the lady chapel of St Michael and St John Church, Clitheroe in 1884; the exterior of St Wilfrid's Church, Preston in 1890; parts of the interior of St Francis Xavier Church, Liverpool; and repairs to the Church of Our Lady in St John's Wood in 1905.
* St Charles Borromeo Church, Westminster
* St Catherine's Church, West Drayton
* Charles Napier's Memorial
* Memorial to HMS Chesapeake
* St Helen's Church, Oldcotes
* St Francis of Assisi Church, Shefford
* Our Lady of the Sacred Heart Church, Wellingborough
* Church of Our Lady, St John's Wood
# Dickey, North Dakota

Dickey is a city in LaMoure County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 42 at the 2020 census.

## History

Dickey was founded in 1885. George H. Dickey is the town's namesake.

## Geography

Dickey is located at 46°32′11″N 98°28′11″W﻿ / ﻿46.53639°N 98.46972°W﻿ / 46.53639; -98.46972 (46.536315, -98.469659).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.22 square miles (0.57 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics
### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 42 people, 20 households, and 10 families residing in the city. The population density was 190.9 inhabitants per square mile (73.7/km$^2$). There were 31 housing units at an average density of 140.9 per square mile (54.4/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 100.0% White.
There were 20 households, of which 10.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 35.0% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 50.0% were non-families. 40.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.10 and the average family size was 2.80.
The median age in the city was 39 years. 21.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 0.0% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 30.9% were from 25 to 44; 28.4% were from 45 to 64; and 19% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 54.8% male and 45.2% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 42 people, 26 households, and 12 families residing in the city. The population density was 260.8 inhabitants per square mile (100.7/km$^2$). There were 31 housing units at an average density of 141.8 per square mile (54.7/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 100.00% White.
There were 26 households, out of which 26.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.5% were married couples living together, 3.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 53.8% were non-families. 53.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 30.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 3.50.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 17.5% under the age of 18, 14.0% from 18 to 24, 21.1% from 25 to 44, 29.8% from 45 to 64, and 17.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 119.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.3 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $18,500, and the median income for a family was $23,750. Males had a median income of $28,333 versus $11,250 for females. The per capita income for the city was $10,547. There were 50.0% of families and 39.0% of the population living below the poverty line, including 16.7% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.
# Talukdar Mohammad Towhid Jung Murad

Talukdar Mohammad Towhid Jung (Bengali: তালুকদার মোহাম্মদ তৌহিদ জং; born 23 August 1971), also known by his nick name Murad is a Bangladesh Awami League Politician and Former Member of Parliament from Dhaka-19. He was a Member of the Parliamentary Standing Committee for the Ministry of Youth and Sports (Bangladesh).

## Early life

Talukdar Mohammad Towhid Jung Murad was born on 23 August 1971 in Dhaka. His father, Mohammad Anwar Jung Talukdar, belonged to the Bengali Muslim Jung family which descended from a line of hereditary aristocratic Taluqdars. His mother, Syeda Lutfun Nahar, belonged to a Bengali Muslim family of Syeds, claiming ancestry back to the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

## Career

Murad Jung was elected to Parliament in 2008 from Dhaka-19 as a Bangladesh Awami League candidate acquiring 2,82,412 votes.

## Criticism

Savar's Rana Plaza collapses, killing thousands. Murad Jung tries to keep Sohel Rana, the owner of that plaza safe. It is even reported that he helped Rana escape from arrest. It was revealed in the media that he was Rana's political guru.
# 1946 United States Senate election in Delaware

The 1946 United States Senate election in Delaware took place on November 5, 1946. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator James M. Tunnell ran for re-election to a second term in office, but was defeated in a landslide by Republican John J. Williams, a businessman and member of the Millsboro Town Council.

## General election
### Candidates

* James M. Tunnell, incumbent Senator since 1941 (Democratic)
* John J. Williams, member of the Millsboro Town Council (Republican)

### Results

1946 U.S. Senate election in Delaware :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | Republican | John J. Williams | 62,603 | 55.15% | 7.85 |
| | Democratic | James M. Tunnell (incumbent) | 50,910 | 44.85% | 5.78 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 113,513 | 100.00% | |
| | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic | Republican gain from Democratic |
# Allotropes of silicon

Allotropes of silicon are structurally varied forms of silicon.

## Amorphous silicon

Amorphous silicon takes the form of a brown powder.

## Crystalline silicon

Crystalline silicon has a metallic luster and a grayish color. Single crystals can be grown with the Czochralski process. Crystalline silicon can be doped with elements such as boron, gallium, germanium, phosphorus or arsenic. Doped silicon is used in solid-state electronic devices, such as solar cells, rectifiers and computer chips.
Silicon crystallizes in the same pattern as germanium and diamond, viewable as two interpenetrating face-centered cubic primitive lattices. The cube measures 0.543 nm on a side.

### Silicene

Silicene is a two-dimensional system with a hexagonal honeycomb structure similar to that of graphene. Silicene has different characteristics than graphene. It has a periodically buckled topology; interlayer coupling is much stronger; and its oxidized form, 2D silica, has a different chemical structure from graphene oxide. It was first created in 2010.
Penta-silicene is a two-dimensional system with pentagonal structure similar to that of penta-graphene. The structure was first synthesized in 2005.

### Si $_{24}$

Si $_{24}$ is an orthorhombic crystalline Si allotrope. It was first synthesized in 2014. Creating the allotrope involved forming Na $_4$Si $_{24}$, a polycrystalline compound with help from a tantalum capsule, high temperature, and a 1,500 ton multi-anvil press that gradually reached a pressure of 10 gigapascals (1,500,000 psi). Next it was "degassed" in a vacuum at 400 K (127 °C; 260 °F) for eight days. The result was a zeolite-type structure.
Si $_{24}$ has a quasi-direct band gap (specifically a small and almost flat indirect band gap). It can conduct electricity more efficiently than diamond-structured silicon. It can absorb and emit light. It is composed of five-, six-, and eight-membered rings. Small atoms and molecules could pass through the associated holes.
Si24 can be doped as both p- and n-type, and the dopants are readily ionized. Boron and phosphorus the most likely dopants.
Potential applications include energy storage and filtering.

### 4H silicon

4H silicon is a bulk, highly ordered hexagonal 4-layer crystalline form of Si $_{24}$. Optical absorption measurements revealed an indirect band gap near 1.2 eV, in agreement with first principles calculations.

### Silicyne

1-dimensional silicyne is analogous to the carbon allotrope carbyne, being a long chain of silicons, instead of carbons. 2-dimensional silicyne is analogous to the carbon allotrope graphyne.
# Ben Donaldson (rugby league)

Ben Donaldson is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s. An alumnus of St. Joseph's Nudgee College, he played for the Newcastle Knights from 2000 to 2001.
# JC Lin

J.C. Lin (Chinese: 林哲熹; born December 16, 1991) is a Taiwanese actor. Lin graduated from the Department of Theatre Arts, Taipei National University of the Arts (國立臺北藝術大學).
Lin started his career by playing the leading role in a short film The Day to Choose (審判) In 2016. In June 2018, he took part for the first time in the mini-series The Coming Through (奇蹟的女兒), playing the role of Hsieh Min Cheng, a rural youth. In March 2019, he appeared for the first time in the TV series The World Between Us (我們與惡的距離), in which he played the role of Ying Szu-Tsung, a schizophrenia patient. His superb acting skills as a schizophrenia patient gained praises from TV viewers and he was nominated for the 54th Golden Bell Award for Best Supporting Actor under the category of Miniseries or Television Film.
In 2020, he participated in the movie The Bridge Curse (女鬼橋) directed by Lester Shih. In which, he played the role of Ah Chuan. The Bridge Curse was a box office success and it made Lin a well-known actor in the film industry. In July 2023, he starred in the PTS drama What the Hell Is Love (地獄里長), in which he played the role of the head of a village, Lou I-fang, who has superpower and can see ghosts.
In 2024, Lin starred in the movie La réparation (2025) co-produced by Taiwan and France, directed by Régis Wargnier.
# William Edward Murphy

William Edward Murphy (1833–1881) was a politician in Queensland, Australia. He was a Member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly, the first representative for the seat of Cook. He held this seat from 1 June 1876 to 5 December 1878.

## Personal life

He was born in 1833 in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, and died on 26 May 1881 in Pyrmont, New South Wales. Before entering Parliament he was a solicitor in Brisbane. His religion was Roman Catholic.
# St. Thomas, North Dakota

St. Thomas is a city in Pembina County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 323 at the 2020 census. The city, located in the Red River Valley region.

## History

St. Thomas was laid out in 1881. The city was named after St. Thomas, Ontario.
A U.S. post office has been in operation at St. Thomas since 1881 and is open weekdays.
The St. Thomas Public School was established in 1882. St. Thomas Elementary School and St. Thomas High School offered classes for pre-kindergarten through 12th grade through the 2020-21 school year. The three-person class of 2021 was the last class to graduate from St. Thomas Public School. Pre-K-12th grade students from St. Thomas now attend school in Grafton, ND (in the newly consolidated Grafton School District #18).

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.06 square miles (2.75 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

As of the census of 2020, there were 323 people lived in St. Thomas. Three-quarters of those residents were born in or near the town itself. It is a racially and ethnically diverse town, where 16% of residents are Latino, 8% are Indigenous, and most other residents are white. According to the census, every man who lives in the town owns his home, and 75% of women do too.

### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 331 people, 150 households, and 107 families residing in the city. The population density was 312.3 inhabitants per square mile (120.6/km$^2$). There were 182 housing units at an average density of 171.7 per square mile (66.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 94.6% White, 0.6% Native American, 4.5% from other races, and 0.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 19.6% of the population.
There were 150 households, of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 8.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 28.7% were non-families. 27.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.21 and the average family size was 2.63.
The median age in the city was 46.1 years. 19.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.7% were from 25 to 44; 35.2% were from 45 to 64; and 17.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.6% male and 47.4% female.

## Notable people

* Edward K. Thompson, editor of LIFE magazine and SMITHSONIAN magazine
# Chris Yates (rugby league)

Chris Yates (born in Sydney, New South Wales) is an Australian former rugby league footballer for the Western Suburbs Magpies in the National Rugby League. Yates attended Patrician Brothers' College, Fairfield
# Hold Me (Menudo song)

"Hold Me" is a song by Latin American boy band Menudo, where Robby Rosa does the lead vocals. It was released in 1985, as the lead single from their self-titled studio album (1985). It was the band's only song to ever chart on the American Billboard Hot 100, where it peaked at number 62.
A music video was also shot for the song, filmed around various areas of Los Angeles.

## Reception and legacy

Suzette Fernandez from Billboard gave the song a positive review, saying "The English-language song featured a new generation of members and a sparkling synth-pop sound, to go with an impossibly infectious chorus, which made it a seamless fit in mid-'80s American pop."
Also Jason Lipshutz from Billboard has said: "A joyous declaration of love: Menudo is shown leaping and twirling around in the "Hold Me" music video, and this song has made listeners want to do the same for decades."
In 2018, Billboard ranked the song 53rd on its list of the "100 Greatest Boy Band Songs of All Time". In 2020, Rolling Stone ranked the song number 40 on its list of the "75 Greatest Boy Band Songs of All Time".

## Charts

| Chart (1985) | Peak position |
| US Billboard Hot 100 | 62 |
| US Cash Box Top 100 | 61 |
# Mamma's Boys

Mamma's Boys is a 1916 American silent comedy film featuring Oliver Hardy.

## Cast

* Oliver Hardy as Plump (as Babe Hardy)
* Billy Ruge as Runt
* Bert Tracy
# Al-Quduri

Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Quduri (Arabic: أحمد بن محمد القدوري), full name Abu al-Hasan Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Ahmad ibn Ja'far al-Quduri, known commonly as Imam al-Quduri (973–1037/972–1036) was a renowned Iraqi Muslim scholar of the Hanafi school of thought. He is well known for his Mukhtasar al-Quduri, an expository book which is one of the foundations for the Hanafi school's doctrine and jurisprudence.

## Biography

Al-Quduri was born in Baghdad, Iraq. In his adulthood, he was considered as the leader of the Hanafi school of thought during his time, especially in Iraq. When he died in 1036/1037, he was buried in his house, but his remains were later transferred to be buried next to Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Khwarizmi. Among Al-Quduri's most famous students is the historian and scholar, Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi, who narrated hadith from him.

## His works

* Mukhtasar al-Quduri
* Kitab at-Tajreed
* Sharh Mukhtasar al-Karkhi
# Adam S. G. Curtis

Adam Sebastian Genevieve Curtis (3 January 1934 – 8 August 2017) was a British cell biologist who researched cell adhesion and contact inhibition. He worked at the University of Glasgow from 1967 until he became a professor emeritus in 2004. He was president of the Society for Experimental Biology from 1993 to 1995 and an elected fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh and Royal Society of Biology.

## Early life and education

Adam Sebastian Genevieve Curtis was born on 3 January 1934 in London, at the South London Hospital for Women and Children. His father, Herbert Lewis Curtis, was an architect who served in World War I by surveying aerial photographs. His mother, Nora Patricia née Stevens was born in Ireland and studied painting at Slade School of Fine Art.
He initially planned on studying geology and applied to King's College and University of Cambridge. He decided to attend Cambridge and study biology instead of geology. He attended the University of Edinburgh for his PhD, studying in its Institute of Animal Genetics under advisors C. H. Waddington and Geoffrey Selman. He then returned to London to complete a post-doctoral research appointment with Michael Abercrombie, where he researched contact inhibition, the mechanisms by which cells stop moving upon contact with another body.

## Career

In 1962 he became a lecturer of zoology at University College London. In 1967, he began working in the newly established Department of Cell Biology at the University of Glasgow, where he thus became the first professor of cell biology in the UK. In 1997 he was a co-founder of the Centre for Cell Engineering at the University of Glasgow along with Chris Wilkinson. He also helped found the Tissue and Cell Engineering Society UK and served as its president from 2001 to 2003.
Curtis's observations of cell movement across a surface lead to novel experimentation with using nanovibrations to direct the behavior of stem cells, which was called "nanokicking". In 2004 he retired, becoming a professor emeritus. Some of the doctoral students that he advised included Cheryll Tickle and Richard B. Gallagher.

## Awards and honours

In 1972 he was awarded the Cuvier Medal by the Zoological Society of France. He was an elected fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, the Royal Society of Biology, and of Biomaterials Science and Engineering. He served as the president of the Society for Experimental Biology from 1993 to 1995.

## Personal life and death

He married Ann Curtis in 1958; they had met at the University of Edinburgh. They had two daughters together, Penelope Curtis and Susanna. He died on 8 August 2017.
# A Māori and Pākehā man trading a crayfish

A Māori and Pākehā man trading a crayfish is a c. 1769 watercolour and pencil drawing by Tupaia. The drawing depicts an unknown Māori man and Joseph Banks trading a crayfish for a piece of cloth.
The drawing is referenced by Michel Tuffery in his work Tupaia's chart Cook and Banks/Tupaia's and Parkinson's paintbox. The artist Sarah Munro created a series Trade Items which uses embroidery to reference Tupaia's drawing. The drawing has also inspired and been referenced by other artists including Ayesha Green, Jo Torr and Marian Maguire.
# Jason Allen (rugby league)

Jason Allen (born 26 September 1975) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s. He played for the Australian club the Newcastle Knights in 1998.
# Consumer and Family Advisory Committee (North Carolina)

Consumer and Family Advisory Committees advise North Carolina area authorities and county programs regarding mental health, developmental disabilities, and substance abuse services. CFAC members are people who receive services (consumers) or family members of consumers.

## Local CFACs

Each area authority or county program in North Carolina establishes a Local CFAC to be a self‑governing and self‑directed organization. Local CFACs provide advice regarding the planning and management of the public mental health, developmental disabilities, and substance abuse services.

## State CFAC

The State Consumer and Family Advisory Committee (SCFAC) is a self-governing and self-directed organization established by the General Statutes and included in the State Plans for the Division of MHDDSAS. The State CFAC advises the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services and the General Assembly regarding the planning and management of statewide public mental health, developmental disabilities, and substance abuse services.