# Bottlegate

Bottlegate, also referred to as The Beer Bottle Game, was an officiating controversy that resulted in a fan riot during an American football game in the 2001 season of the National Football League (NFL) between the visiting Jacksonville Jaguars and the Cleveland Browns.
The inciting incident occurred in week 14 with the Browns sitting at 6–6, needing a win to keep their playoff hopes alive. Down 15–10 with 1:08 remaining, the Browns were forced to try to convert on 4th and 2 at the Jaguars' 12 yard line. Tim Couch took the snap and passed short to Quincy Morgan, who caught the ball for a 3-yard gain and a first down. Although Morgan appeared to bobble the football, officials called it a complete pass. Couch hurried the offense to the line of scrimmage and spiked the ball with 48 seconds remaining. The officials announced that they would review the 4th down conversion two plays earlier and overturned it, giving the ball to the Jaguars. It sparked controversy because officials cannot change a call for any play other than the most recent.
Enraged, Browns fans began throwing objects onto the field, mainly plastic beer bottles. Some fans began throwing the stadium's trash cans down to the field as well. After a few minutes, citing safety concerns, the officials announced that the game would end 48 seconds early and the officials and players exited the field. However, the league office called, telling them to finish the game. The teams and officials came back onto the field, and, after two quarterback kneels by the Jaguars, the game was over, 15–10.

## Background

The Cleveland Browns were playing in their third season after resuming play in 1999. Having previously endured the typical struggles of an "expansion" team, the team had shown substantial improvement in 2001. Through their first twelve games, they had managed to compile a .500 record, and had already won more games than in their previous two seasons combined. Nevertheless, a playoff berth seemed unlikely, as Cleveland most likely needed to win their four remaining games of the season to qualify.
Meanwhile, the team's beer sponsor, Miller Brewing Company, had introduced a new plastic bottle, marketing it as a safer alternative to the more traditional glass or aluminum. Many concessions providers, including those of the Browns, eagerly adopted the bottles as an alternative to the practice of the time of pouring drinks either on tap at stands or from in-stadium sellers into lighter plastic cups to reduce both waste and labor costs.

## Events of the play

Trailing 15–10 with 1:08 remaining in regulation, the Browns were driving deep into Jaguars territory, looking for a potential go-ahead score. Cleveland was faced with a 4th down and 2 at the Jacksonville 12 yard line. Since they had already used all of their time-outs, the Browns needed to convert, or else the Jaguars could simply kneel the ball twice and end the game. Quarterback Tim Couch took the snap and passed it short to wide receiver Quincy Morgan, who caught the ball for a 3-yard gain and a first down but appeared to bobble it as he fell to the ground. Despite this, the officials called it a complete pass for a crucial first down with 1:03 remaining. Realizing the call was questionable, Couch wasted no time hurrying the offense to the line of scrimmage, starting the next play with only 0:50 left on the clock. He took the snap and appeared to pump his arm twice; Couch then spiked the ball with 0:48 remaining to stop the clock.
The officials stopped play and huddled for a lengthy period. CBS announcers Gus Johnson and Brent Jones speculated that they may have been discussing Couch's double-pump before the spike. By rule, this would constitute intentional grounding, which would have penalized the Browns ten yards plus loss of down. Instead, referee Terry McAulay announced that the replay booth had buzzed his headset for a review of Morgan's fourth-down catch. NFL rules stipulate that a play cannot be reviewed once another play has commenced, but McAulay told the crowd that the review signal had come before the snap on the spike play, although audio and video evidence provided by CBS seemed to refute McAulay's claim.
After a booth review, the officials ruled that the fourth-down pass was incomplete, resulting in a turnover on downs to Jacksonville. As the Jaguars celebrated, Browns head coach Butch Davis angrily criticized the officials over the timing of the review.

## Crowd reaction

After the controversial decision, many attendees at the stadium, including those in the famous "Dawg Pound" section, became enraged. Some fans began angrily booing and hurling beer bottles. While these bottles were plastic, many still contained beer and thus considerably heavier than their empty weight. Various other objects were also thrown onto the playing field. The players, officials, and coaches migrated to the middle of the field to escape the debris and prevent injury. Some players reported getting hit, but none were seriously injured. A few especially rowdy fans attempted to storm onto the field, but were quickly detained by law enforcement. After a few minutes of waiting for the crowd to settle, the field had become littered with bottles and debris. Fearing for the teams' safety, referee McAulay announced "That is the end of the game" with 48 seconds left on the clock, something that has never been done before in the history of the NFL. After McAulay's announcement, the players, coaches, and officials began to run off the field. As they sprinted towards the tunnels, the officials and some players and coaches were pelted with bottles. Announcers Johnson and Jones told viewers that they saw an unspecified person fall to the ground after a thrown object, which they claimed was either a Sony Walkman or a CD player, "split his head wide open," and lamented the "ugly" actions of the Cleveland fans.

## Game conclusion

After several minutes, NFL Commissioner Paul Tagliabue contacted McAulay and informed him that his officiating crew did not have the authority to end a game early, and that the game must be completed. The officials told the players in the locker room, many of whom were undressed and showering, that they were required to go back out onto the field. By the time all players and officials returned to the field, over 20 minutes had elapsed since the disputed fourth down play. After two kneel-downs by the Jaguars, the game concluded with a final score of 15–10. After the game, McAulay stood by his claim that the booth had buzzed in before the spike play.
| Quarter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | Total |
| Jaguars | 9 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 15 |
| Browns | 0 | 0 | 7 | 3 | 10 |
at Cleveland Browns Stadium, Cleveland, Ohio
* Date: December 16
* Game time: 1:00 p.m. EST
* Game weather: 44°F (7°C), clear
* Game attendance: 72,818
* Referee: Terry McAulay
* TV announcers (CBS): Gus Johnson and Brent Jones
* Boxscore
Game information :
First quarter
JAC Jimmy Smith 4-yard pass from Brunell (kick failed)
JAC Mike Hollis 43-yard FG
Third quarter
CLE Anthony Henry 97-yard interception return (Phil Dawson kick)
Fourth quarter
JAC Hollis 46-yard FG
CLE Dawson 29-yard FG
JAC Hollis 37-yard FG
Top passers
JAC – Mark Brunell – 20/35, 202 YDS, TD, 2 INT
CLE – Tim Couch – 21/30, 184 YDS, INT
Top rushers
JAC – Stacey Mack – 28 CAR, 115 YDS
CLE – Jamel White – 9 CAR, 33 YDS
Top receivers
JAC – Keenan McCardell – 7 REC, 61 YDS
CLE – JaJuan Dawson – REC, 44 YDS :

## Aftermath and legacy

The win did not affect the Jaguars significantly, as they were already eliminated from postseason contention and would finish the 2001 season at 6–10, but for the Browns, the loss contributed to the team missing the playoffs. This loss came in the midst of the Browns losing five of their final six games, to finish the season 7–9. It has been counted as one of the most infamous moments in Browns history, along with Red Right 88, The Drive, The Fumble, The Move, finishing with the second 0–16 record in NFL history in 2017, and the Deshaun Watson trade. The Browns eventually made it to the playoffs the following year.
Several fans who participated in throwing objects were identified using videotape of the incident; season ticket holders who threw objects later had their tickets revoked.
Many stadiums, including Cleveland Browns Stadium, also banned the sale of beer in plastic bottles from their venues to prevent similar events from occurring, and hastened the end of the industry's rollout of their prime products in that type of vessel. This incident, along with the 2004 Pacers–Pistons brawl, contributed to the sports business industry's now-common policy of limiting alcohol purchases to two drinks per person per concession stand visit, along with alcohol sales ending after the end of the third quarter (or for baseball, the end of the seventh inning). Aluminum beer bottles, which soon replaced plastic bottles as they are easier to recycle and lighter, are now served at venues with the caps removed to reduce their weight if thrown, reduce cap waste, and prevent injury risk.
Bottlegate was later cited as part of a lawsuit filed by New Orleans Saints fans against the NFL officials following another controversial officiating decision during the 2018 NFC Championship Game, in which an apparent pass interference penalty was not called.

## Starting lineups

| Jacksonville | Position | Position | Cleveland |
| Offense ||||
| Mark Brunell | QB | QB | Tim Couch |
| Stacey Mack | RB | RB | James Jackson |
| Kyle Brady | TE | RB | Jamel White |
| Ryan Prince | TE | TE | O.J. Santiago |
| Jimmy Smith | WR | WR | Quincy Morgan |
| Keenan McCardell | WR | WR | Kevin Johnson |
| Todd Fordham | LT | LT | Ross Verba |
| Brad Meester | LG | LG | Shaun O'Hara |
| Zach Wiegert | RG | RG | Brad Bedell |
| Maurice Williams | RT | RT | Roger Chanoine |
| Jeff Posey | SLB | C | Dave Wohlabaugh |
| Defense ||||
| Renaldo Wynn | LDE | LDE | Tyrone Rogers |
| Gary Walker | LDT | LDT | Gerard Warren |
| Tony Brackens | RDE | RDE | Jamir Miller |
| Hardy Nickerson | MLB | MLB | Wali Rainer |
| Edward Thomas | WLB | WLB | Dwayne Rudd |
| Jason Craft | LCB | LCB | Corey Fuller |
| Kiwaukee Thomas | RCB | RCB | Anthony Henry |
| Donovin Darius | SS | SS | Earl Little |
| Ainsley Battles | FS | FS | Devin Bush |
| Source: ||||

## Officials

* Referee: Terry McAulay (#77)
* Umpire: Carl Paganelli (#124)
* Head Linesman: Earnie Frantz (#111)
* Line Judge: Byron Boston (#18)
* Field Judge: Scott Steenson (#88)
* Side Judge: Bill Spyksma (#12)
* Back Judge: Billy Smith (#2)