OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Julia Chuzhoy

Julia Chuzhoy (Hebrew: ג'וליה צ'וז'וי) is an Israeli mathematician and computer scientist at the Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago, known for her research on approximation algorithms and graph theory.

## Education and career

Chuzhoy earned bachelor's, master's, and doctoral degrees from the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology in 1998, 2000, and 2004 respectively. Her dissertation, on approximation algorithms, was supervised by Seffi Naor. She has been at the Toyota Technological Institute since 2007, and also holds a position in the Computer Science Department of the University of Chicago.

## Contributions and recognition

Chuzhoy won the best paper award at the 2012 Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science for her paper with Shi Li on approximating the problem of connecting many given pairs of vertices in a graph by edge-disjoint paths. She is also known for her work showing a polynomial relation between the size of a grid graph minor of a graph and its treewidth. This connection between these two graph properties is a key component of the Robertson–Seymour theorem, is closely related to Halin's grid theorem for infinite graphs, and underlies the theory of bidimensionality for graph approximation algorithms.
She was an Invited Speaker at the 2014 International Congress of Mathematicians, in Seoul.

## Selected publications

| CL12. | Chuzhoy, Julia; Li, Shi (2012), "A polylogarithimic approximation algorithm for edge-disjoint paths with congestion 2", 2012 IEEE 53rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science—FOCS 2012, IEEE Computer Soc., Los Alamitos, CA, pp. 233–242, MR 3186610. |
| CC16. | Chekuri, Chandra; Chuzhoy, Julia (2016), "Polynomial bounds for the grid-minor theorem", Journal of the ACM, 63 (5): A40:1–65, arXiv:1305.6577, doi:10.1145/2820609, MR 3593966, S2CID 209860422. Preliminary versions of this work were presented at the 2014 and 2015 Symposia on Theory of Computing. |
# Michal Parnas

Michal Parnas (Hebrew: מיכל פרנס) is an Israeli theoretical computer scientist known for her work on property testing and sublinear-time algorithms. She is a professor of computer science at the Academic College of Tel Aviv-Yafo in Israel, where she was a founding faculty member and was also the dean of the school of computer science from 2011 to 2016. Since October 2022 she is the vice president of academic affairs of the college.
Parnas is the daughter of neurobiologist Itzchak Parnas [he] (1935–2012). She was a master's student at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, working with Avi Wigderson on a 1990 master's thesis on Approximate Counting, Almost Uniform Generation and Random Walks. She completed her Ph.D. at the Hebrew University in 1994. Her dissertation, Robust Algorithms and Data Structures for Information Retrieval, was jointly supervised by Danny Dolev and Noam Nisan. She is the co-author of a book in Hebrew on discrete mathematics, with Nati Linial.
# Link (magazine)

Link is a publication of The Greenville News and Gannett. The headquarters is in Greenville, South Carolina. It features local entertainment, news, photos, reviews and more. It is a free publication and is available at almost 1,200 locations in Anderson, Greenville, Pickens and Spartanburg counties of the Upstate South Carolina.
# The Wheatsheaf, St Helens

The Wheatsheaf is a public house at Mill Lane, St Helens, Merseyside WA9 4HN, England. It was built in 1936–1938 by the brewery Greenall Whitley & Co. Ltd of Warrington, to a design by the architect W. A. Hartley.
The building was Grade II listed in 2015 by Historic England as part of a drive to protect some of the country's best interwar pubs. The building was described as an example of "Brewers' Tudor", a type of Tudor Revival architecture. It is also included in CAMRA's National Inventory of Historic Pub Interiors.
The pub was built as part of a reform movement to replace "drinking dens" with more civilized drinking. The granting of a licence for the new pub was conditional upon the surrender of the licences of three other public houses in the locality: the Crystal Palace, the Engine and Tender and the Wheatsheaf Hotel. There is a bowling green outside.
# Shamsul Islam (Chittagong politician)

A.N.M Shamsul Islam (born 1 March 1957) is a Bangladeshi politician. He is a former Jatiya Sangsad member representing the Chittagong-15 constituency. At present, he is the president of Bangladesh Sramik Kalyan Federation. He was the acting amir of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami.

## Early life

He was born on 1 March 1957 in Chittagong District under Satkania Upazila at Barodona Village. His father's name Mohammad Ali Miah and mother's name is Hafeza Amena Khatun. His father was a government employee and mother was a Hafez of the Quran. He has 6 siblings.

## Political and professional life

Shamsul Islam was closely connected to political and social activities from his student life. He was the elected president of Bangladesh Islami Chhatra Shibir, Chittagong North Zone, in 1978. He was the president of Chittagong University Zone of Bangladesh Islami Chhatra Shibir from October 1981 to September 1985. He was elected central secretary general of Bangladesh Islami Chhatra Shibir in 1985, and central president in 1987.
He handled numerous social services and security programs beginning in 1989. Besides professional activities, he joined Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami. He was the elected Secretary of Chittagong city Zone of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami. He had to go to jail because of his movement against autocracy in 1999. He was the elected Ameer of Chittagong City Zone of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami from 2000. He was elected as member of parliament in National Election of 2008 at Chittagong-14 (Satkania-Lohagara).
He is the candidate of Chittagong-15 (Satkania-Lohagara) in the national election of 30 December 2018.

## Imprisonment

He was sent to prison for the conspiracy of government party three times in last few years. He spent more than two and half year in prison.

## Contribution

Shamsul Islam is the chairman of the board of trustees of International Islamic University, Chittagong, and is now the senior vice chairman of the board of trustees of Chittagong International Medical College and Hospital.

## Present activities

He is the president of Bangladesh Sramik Kalyan Federation. He was the acting Ameer of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islam.
# Literal (magazine)

Literal: Latin American Voices is a quarterly cultural magazine focusing on art, architecture, literature, politics, culture, writers, intellectualism and current world events. It publishes most of its articles in both English and Spanish. It distributes nationwide in Mexico, the United States and Canada.

## History

Literal was founded in 2004 by Rose Mary Salum. Its purpose is to provide a medium for the critique and diffusion of the Latin American literature and art, recognizing its potential strength as a point of departure for understanding.

## Reception and awards

Literal has won 2 Council of Editors of Learned Journals (CELJ) Awards and four Lone Star Awards.

## Chief editors

* Rose Mary Salum.
* David Medina Portillo
# Damno (mythology)

In Greek mythology, Damno (Ancient Greek: Δαμνὼ) was an Egyptian princess as the daughter of King Belus of Egypt.

## Mythology

Damno married her paternal uncle, Agenor, and by him, became the mother of Isaia and Melia. Later on, these two women married their cousins, Aegyptus and Danaus (brothers of Damno), respectively.
In other accounts, the wife of Agenor was variously given as Telephassa, Argiope, Antiope, or Tyro.
# Binghatti Properties

Binghatti Holding (commonly known as Binghatti) is a private Emirati real estate development company headquartered in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Founded in 2008 by Hussain Binghatti, the company operates in real estate, hospitality, and construction sectors.

## Overview

Binghatti was founded by Hussain Binghatti, Muhammad Binghatti and Ahmed Binghatti in 2008.
The company has established real estate projects in Business Bay, Al Jaddaf, Downtown Dubai, Dubai Silicon Oasis, Jumeirah Village Circle, Liwan, and Dubai Residential Complex with an investment value of more than DH 40 billion.

### History

Founded in 2008, Binghatti has grown to establish numerous residential and commercial projects within Dubai. The company is noted for its architectural designs and partnerships with luxury brands.

## Partnerships and acquisitions

In 2014, Binghatti entered into an undisclosed deal to sell Binghatti Terraces, a mid-rise tower in Dubai Silicon Oasis to Emirates Real Estate Fund which is managed by the Emirates NBD.
In 2018, Binghatti completed an agreement with Izdihar Real-Estate Fund valued at AED 200 million ($54.4m), a fund managed by the Bank of Muscat to acquire two residential towers in Dubai Silicon Oasis; Binghatti Vista and Binghatti Sapphires.
In 2021, Binghatti completed a deal with a Saudi food company, Almarai valued at AED 215 million ($58.54m), the deal comprises the acquisition of Binghatti Beverages Manufacturing Facility located in Khalifa Industrial Zone, Abu Dhabi.
In November 2022, Binghatti announced the Burj Binghatti Jacob & Co Residences, the skyscraper co-designed and branded by Jacob & Co.
In May 2023, Binghatti announced the Bugatti Residences, the skyscraper co-designed and branded by Bugatti.
In January 2024, Binghatti announced the Mercedes-Benz Places, the skyscraper co-desingned and branded by Mercedes-Benz.
In February 2024 Binghatti successfully launched its first US dollar-denominated sukuk offering with a competitive yield of 9.625%. The issuance, initially targeted at $300 million, exceeded expectations with subscriptions reaching $621 million. This marked the first real estate sector sukuk from the MENA region in 2024.
In November 2024, football superstar Neymar Jr. purchased a penthouse valued at 200 million AED (approximately $54 million) in the Bugatti Residences.
# Movistar KOI

Movistar KOI is a Spanish professional esports organisation owned by OverActive Media. The organisation was created as a result of a merger between KOI, Movistar Riders and MAD Lions in January 2024. As part of a triple merger, during 2024 they competed under two names: Movistar KOI and MAD Lions KOI. The final merger was announced at the Movistar KOICON event on December 6, 2024.
The organisation competes with two teams in League of Legends (European LEC and Spanish Superliga); two teams in Valorant (European VCT and Spanish Rising); and two players for Pokémon World Championships. It will also be present in Fortnite and Free Fire. On January 7, 2025, it dissolved its Counter-Strike 2 team.

## History

The organisation was founded on January 4, 2024 by three Spanish teams: KOI, founded in December 2021 by Ibai Llanos and former footballer of FC Barcelona Gerard Piqué; Movistar Riders, founded in January 2017 by Fernando Piquer; and MAD Lions, founded in August 2017 as MAD Lions Esports Club by Sergio Yáñez, Marcos Eguillor and Sergio Schnura.

## Rosters

Movistar KOI rosters :
Legend:
(I) Inactive
(S) Suspended
(L) On loan
(2W) Two-way player
Substitute
Injury / Illness :
# Tig Notaro: Boyish Girl Interrupted

Tig Notaro: Boyish Girl Interrupted is the first hour-long comedy special from Tig Notaro that premiered on HBO on August 22, 2015. The special was recorded on May 31, 2015 at the Wilbur Theatre in Boston. In 2016, Tig’s record label Bentzen Ball Records and Secretly Canadian released an audio album version of the special on CD, download and vinyl. The album is dedicated to the memory of Susie Cusack, Tig’s mother.

## Reception

"The sound of her voice, located somewhere between dry and monotone, has an oddly calming affect," wrote Corinne Cummings at Rolling Stone magazine.

## Awards

The special was nominated at the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Writing for a Variety Special in 2016.
In 2017, the album was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album at the 59th Annual Grammy Awards.

## Album
### Credits

* Engineer – Bob Aldridge
* FOH Mixer – Jim Hores
* Pro Tools – Chris Prinzivalli
* A2 – Chris Van Drie
# Time Bara Vait

Time Bara Vait (Marathi: टाईम बरा वाईट) is a 2015 Indian Marathi-language film directed by Rahul Bhatankar under VRG Motion Pictures banner starring Bhushan Pradhan, Satish Rajwade, Nidhi Oza, Vishwajeet Pradhan. The movie released on 19 June 2015. The film is a remake of Malayalam-Tamil Bilingual film Neram directed by Alphonse Putharen, starring Nivin Pauly, Nazriya Nazim and Bobby Simha.

## Plot

The story revolves around the life of Rahul (Bhushan Pradhan), a computer engineer who lost his job. As he is jobless, he is also turned down by his girlfriend - Priya's father, who he was about to marry.
At the same time he is hounded by a loan shark- Bhai Raja (Satish Rajwade) from whom he borrowed money for his sister's marriage. At the present day he has a deadline to return money to the loan shark till 5 pm. His day turns upside down when he is robbed of money he got from his best friend to repay Bhai Raja. Meanwhile, Priya decides to run away from her father and elope with Rahul. Suspecting on Rahul, Priya's father lodges a complaint against him in the nearby police station. So now Rahul is a fugitive from both, the law as well as Bhai Raja. Rahul is broke, confused and helpless and adding to his problems, he is also pressurized by his brother-in-law to give a hefty amount to start a business. Helpless and desperate Rahul wants to get out of the nightmare.
Will he be able to repay his loan and get the love of his life in the same day? Rahul has yet to experience a lot as the day is yet to be finished.

## Cast

* Bhushan Pradhan as Rahul
* Satish Rajwade as Bhai Raja
* Nidhi Oza as Priya
* Bhalchandra Kadam as Auto wala
* Sanjay Mone as Priya's Father
* Hrishikesh Joshi as Sr. Inspector Vittu Popat
* Vishwajeet Pradhan as Big Bhai
* Anand Ingale
* Siddhant Bodake
* Nupur Dhudwadkar
* Rajesh Bhosale

## Soundtrack

Rajesh Murugesan composed the soundtrack and film score of the original movie Neram. The soundtrack has been recreated for Time Bara Vait.

### Track listing
## Critical reception

Mihir Bhanage of The Times of India gave the film a rating of 3 out of 5 saying that, "The pace of the film is stunningly fast and keeps you on the edge of your seats. A drawback is the flashback sequences which at times the viewer is unable to link immediately."
# Skinned Knuckles

Skinned Knuckles is a monthly publication written by and for antique and classic automobile restorers. Fondly known to subscribers merely as "SK", it answers to either name. It has been in continuous publication since 1976. This journal promotes authentic restoration of cars and trucks. It does not advocate modification, alteration or ‘hot-rodding’. Its mission is to preserve the historical integrity of vehicles, ranging from the earliest electric, steam and internal combustion or gasoline engines to the period where legislation dictated emission controls and computers replaced the mechanical components of a car.

## History and profile

Initially founded by Bill Cannon in 1976, the first issue was published in February 1977. The early issues have become true collector's items, sought by restorers to complete their library. For the past fifteen years, editor Neil Maken has maintained the original mission of Authentic Restoration — bringing the car or truck back to the condition which it was in when it first left the factory. Over the years a number of very well known and highly respected names in the automotive restoration hobby have contributed articles, thoughts and opinions to this journal. Thousands of articles, shop-hints, product and book reviews, short-cuts and vehicle analysis have appeared in the 525+ issues. Many of these back issues are still available from the original inventory. The magazine is based in Huntington Beach, California.
Selected columns from Skinned Knuckles appear regularly in such publications as Vintage Truck magazine, The Pierce-Arrow Society newsletters, Old Cars Weekly and the Old Cars Weekly Guide to Restoration, and numerous antique-car club newsletters.
From the beginning, and continuing today, Skinned Knuckles is available by subscription only, not on the newsstands. Many of the current subscribers are also original subscribers, priding themselves on owning complete libraries dating from Volume 1, Issue 1.
Skinned Knuckles prides itself on the fact that it is not merely a ‘picture’ magazine of pretty cars and trucks, but is specifically written for the collector interested in restoring a vehicle to its original condition. They are in the technical forefront of restoration and other subjects of a topical and timely nature. There is a carefully balanced mix between the traditional "antique" automobiles and trucks—pre-World War II—and the "newer" collectibles which are the center of interest to some of the younger, new-to-the-hobby collector. The journal is geared toward the handy, grease-under-the-fingernails type of mechanic. Subscribers drive their cars, not merely display them at car shows. They are proud of their vehicles.
Skinned Knuckles seem to have stopped publishing. The website and phone numbers are no longer active and current subscribers no longer receive issues. I received my most current issue in April 2021 but others have received their last one in September.
# Sterling Sharpe: End 2 End

Sterling Sharpe: End 2 End is a Super Nintendo Entertainment System football video game released in 1995 exclusively for the North American market.
A Japanese version titled Super American Football was planned to be released but was eventually cancelled.

## Summary

This video game was endorsed by retired NFL wide receiver Sterling Sharpe (his career with the Green Bay Packers ended in 1994 due to a neck injury). The game was rated Kids to Adults by the Entertainment Software Rating Board advisory panel.
The object is to win football games by following and complying with the standard rules of the National Football League. Referees deliver penalties to players (human or CPU) who commit penalties; these always carry either a five-yard penalty or a ten-yard penalty depending on the severity of the offense.
While the 30 cities involved in the 1994 NFL season were used, their team name and official logos were dropped. None of the actual NFL players themselves appear in the game like Emmitt Smith, Troy Aikman, or Brett Favre. Sterling Sharpe sometimes compliments the player when he makes an excellent play on the field.

## Reception

GamePro referred to the game as a mediocre Madden NFL clone. They particularly criticized it for lacking a regular season mode, real teams, and real players, and added that due to the poor controls "Completions are based more on luck than skill." They singled out the large variety of plays as the game's one strong point.
Next Generation reviewed the SNES version of the game, rating it one star out of five, and stated that "While this cart includes expansion clubs like Jacksonville and Charlotte for a total of 30 teams, there's no option for season play whatsoever. What kind of fun is that?"
# Manfred Halpern

Manfred Halpern (February 1, 1924 – January 14, 2001) was a transformation theorist, noted scholar of the Middle East, and author of the foundational study of post-imperial politics in the Middle East, The Politics of Social Change in the Middle East and North Africa, as well his life's work on transformation Transforming the Personal, Political, Historical, and Sacred in Theory and Practice.

## Early life and education

Born to nonobservant Jewish parents in Mittweida, Germany, he fled the Nazi regime as a child with his parents in 1937, settling in New York City where he attended Townsend Harris High School.
Halpern was an undergraduate at UCLA when WWII began. He joined the Army, serving as a battalion scout in the 28th Infantry Division, surviving winter on the side of a tank during the Battle of the Bulge. After Germany surrendered, Halpern served in Counterintelligence helping trace former Nazis in Germany, including in his hometown of Mittweida; he also served as an instructor in the Counterintelligence Corps.
After the War Halpern returned to UCLA and completed his degree, earning his master's degree and doctorate from the School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University. Between 1948 and 1958 he served in the State Department in intelligence research as an expert on Near Eastern and North African politics. He was given the Department's Meritorious Service Award in 1952.

## Princeton

Halpern joined the faculty of Princeton University in 1958, where he taught until he retired in 1994. Initially offering classes in Middle Eastern politics, Halpern devoted four decades of scholarship to a Theory of Transformation ~ developed through his two Princeton courses "The Sacred and the Political" and "Political and Personal Transformation", as well over 30 scholarly articles, published in book form eight years after Halpern's death.
Halpern's work explores the ways personal, political, historical, and sacred relationships continually change; from the breaking apart of traditional emanational modes of authority, through the fragments of incoherence and deformation, into the kinds of transformations currently seen across all scales in the 21st century.

## Personal life

A world traveller and a gardener, Halpern was married twice, with five children and five grandchildren. He died in 2001 in Princeton, New Jersey.

## Books

* Halpern, Manfred (1963). The Politics of Social Change in the Middle East and North Africa. Princeton University Press. Retrieved September 8, 2024..
# Todo Dia

"Todo Dia" (English: "Every Day") is a song by Brazilian drag queen Pabllo Vittar, contained in her debut studio album Vai Passar Mal (2017). The funk carioca song features Rico Dalasam and was released as the second single from the album on Vittar's YouTube channel and other streaming services on January 12, 2017.
Two months after its release, the music video reached 10 million views on YouTube, becoming the most watched video by a drag queen, surpassing RuPaul's "Sissy That Walk". It was then surpassed by Vittar's following single, "K.O."

## Background

Initially, Rico Dalasam composed the chorus and showed it to the producers DJ Gorky and Arthur Gomes - also known as Maffalda -, who were responsible for finishing it. Recorded in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, the song's chorus says as it follows: "I don't wait for the Carnival to be a slut, I am every day". According to Vittar, "[Being a slut] means 'to be yourself everyday without worrying about opinions of others.'"

## Controversy

On August 1, 2017, the music video of the song was removed from YouTube after Rico Dalasam filed a lawsuit against the producers, claiming 100% of the music royalties. On August 9, the song was removed from all digital platforms, including Spotify.

## Reception

The public's reception was very positive, in the week it was released, Todo Dia peaked at number 3 on Spotify's Viral 50 Global. The song soon rose to success, being one of the most played of Brazilian 2017 Carnival. Vittar performed the song with Anitta and Daniela Mercury in carnival blocks.

## Music video

The music video was released on January 20, 2017, being produced by the Studio Farândola, and with general direction by Guilherme Batista and Fabrício Sassioto, who were also responsible for post production. The video features a simple theme with a very tropical and artistic aesthetic. Vittar appears wearing a swimsuit next to Rico Dalasam and some dancers. Filming took place in a studio in Uberlândia, Minas Gerais.

## Track listing and formats
### Digital download

* "Todo Dia" – 2:25

## Release history

| Country | Date | Format(s) |
| Brazil | January 12, 2017 | Digital download, CD |