OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of storms named Khanun

The name Khanun (Thai: ขนุน, pronounced) has been used to name four tropical cyclones in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean. The name was contributed by Thailand and is the name of a Thai fruit (jackfruit).
* Typhoon Khanun (2005) (T0515, 15W, Kiko), struck China as a Category 3 typhoon.
* Severe Tropical Storm Khanun (2012) (T1207, 08W, Enteng), the first tropical cyclone to directly impact Korea in two years, claimed 89 lives.
* Typhoon Khanun (2017) (T1720, 24W, Odette), a mid-range Category 2 typhoon that affected Hainan island as a weak tropical storm.
* Typhoon Khanun (2023) (T2306, 06W, Falcon), a potent Category 4 typhoon that lingered in the Okinawa Islands, and eventually struck Korea.
| Preceded byBori | Pacific typhoon season names Khanun | Succeeded byLan |
# John Ayrton Paris

John Ayrton Paris, FRS (7 August 1785 – 24 December 1856) was a British physician. He is a possible inventor of the thaumatrope, which he published with W. Phillips in April 1825.

## Life

Paris made one of the earliest observations of occupational causes of cancer when, in 1822, he recognised that exposure to arsenic fumes might be contributing to the unusually high rate of scrotal skin cancer among men working in copper-smelting in Cornwall and Wales. He also wrote about accidents caused by explosives in mines and gave lectures on chemistry to the Royal Geological Society of Cornwall, serving as its first secretary. In 1844, he was elected president of the Royal College of Physicians, an office he held until his death. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in June 1821. Paris advocated for the use of scientifically assessed herbal preparations in medical treatment.
The exact date and location of Paris's birth are uncertain, with some sources listing 7 August 1785, and others noting either Cambridge or Edinburgh as his birthplace, a city with which he had connections.

## Works

* Pharmacologia : corrected and extended, in Accordance with the London Pharmacopoeia of 1824, and with the generally advanced State of chemical Science. – New York : Duyckinck, 3rd American from the 6th London Ed. 1825 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
* Appendix to the 8th Edition of the Pharmacologia : with some Remarks on various Criticisms upon the London Pharmacopoeia of 1836. – London : Highley, 1838. Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
He wrote a number of substantial medical books, including Medical Jurisprudence (co-authored; 1823), a Pharmacologia which first appeared in 1820 and went through numerous editions, Elements of Medical Chemistry (1825) and a Treatise on Diet (1826). He also produced memoirs of other physicians for the Royal College, and Davy's first biography, The Life of Sir Humphry Davy (1831).
Around 1824 Paris wrote Philosophy in Sport made Science in Earnest: Being an Attempt to Implant in the Young Mind the First Principles of Natural Philosophy by the Aid of the Popular Toys and Sports of Youth. It was first published anonymously in 1827, but posthumous editions were credited to Paris. It showed how to use simple devices to demonstrate scientific principles.
* A Guide to the Mount's Bay and the Land's End: comprehending the topography, botany, agriculture, fisheries, antiquities, mining, mineralogy, and geology of western Cornwall. (1828) London: Thomas and George Underwood.
# Upper motor neuron lesion

An upper motor neuron lesion (also known as pyramidal insufficiency) Is an injury or abnormality that occurs in the neural pathway above the anterior horn cell of the spinal cord or motor nuclei of the cranial nerves. Conversely, a lower motor neuron lesion affects nerve fibers traveling from the anterior horn of the spinal cord or the cranial motor nuclei to the relevant muscle(s).
Upper motor neuron lesions occur in the brain or the spinal cord as the result of stroke, multiple sclerosis, traumatic brain injury, cerebral palsy, atypical parkinsonisms, multiple system atrophy, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

## Symptoms

Changes in muscle performance can be broadly described as the upper motor neuron syndrome. These changes vary depending on the site and the extent of the lesion, and may include:
* Muscle weakness. known as 'pyramidal weakness'
* Sloth sign. Decreased control of active movement, particularly slowness
* Spasticity, a velocity-dependent change in muscle tone
* Clasp-knife response where initial higher resistance to movement is followed by a lesser resistance
* Babinski sign is present, where the big toe is raised (extended) rather than curled downwards (flexed) upon appropriate stimulation of the sole of the foot. The presence of the Babinski sign is an abnormal response in adulthood. Normally, during the plantar reflex, it causes plantar flexion and the adduction of the toes. In Babinski's sign, there is dorsiflexion of the big toe and abduction of the other toes. Physiologically, it is normally present in infants from birth to 12 months. The presence of the Babinski sign after 12 months is the sign of a non-specific upper motor neuron lesion.
* Increased deep tendon reflex (DTR)
* Pronator drift

## Corticospinal/pyramidal tract

These are the neural tracts which descend in the ventral horn of the spinal cord, carrying signals for voluntary movement of skeletal muscle. From their origin in the primary motor cortex, these nerves pass via the corona radiata to gather in the internal capsule before crossing over to the opposite side (decussation) in the medullary pyramids and proceeding down the spinal cord to meet lower motor neurons in the anterior grey column.

## Diagnosis

During an exam, your doctor will look for signs of a nervous system problem by checking your:
* Balance and coordination
* Movement
* Hearing, speech, and vision
* Memory and concentration

### Tests for diagnosis

* Nerve conduction study
* Spinal tap or lumbar puncture
* Nerve biopsy

## Treatment

The treatment of an upper motor neuron lesion will be dependent on the underlying cause.
# Geistown, Pennsylvania

Geistown is a borough in Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the Johnstown, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 2,467 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

Geistown is located in southwestern Cambria County at 40°17′40″N 78°52′26″W﻿ / ﻿40.29444°N 78.87389°W﻿ / 40.29444; -78.87389 (40.294325, -78.873968). Downtown Johnstown is 4 miles (6 km) to the northwest.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of 1.0 square mile (2.7 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,555 people, 1,105 households, and 749 families residing in the borough. The population density was 2,364.1 people per square mile (912.8 people/km$^2$). There were 1,160 housing units at an average density of 1,073.3 per square mile (414.4/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the borough was 97.69% White, 0.39% African American, 0.04% Native American, 1.37% Asian, 0.04% from other races, and 0.47% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.31% of the population.
There were 1,105 households, out of which 25.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.4% were married couples living together, 7.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.2% were non-families. 29.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.85.
In the borough the population was spread out, with 21.1% under the age of 18, 5.8% from 18 to 24, 24.1% from 25 to 44, 26.2% from 45 to 64, and 22.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females there were 87.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.5 males.
The median income for a household in the borough was $33,646, and the median income for a family was $47,049. Males had a median income of $32,478 versus $22,134 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $21,002. About 4.0% of families and 6.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.3% of those under age 18 and 8.6% of those age 65 or over.
# Lorain, Pennsylvania

Lorain is a borough in Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is part of the Johnstown, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 759 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

Lorain is located in southwestern Cambria County at 40°17′48″N 78°53′45″W﻿ / ﻿40.29667°N 78.89583°W﻿ / 40.29667; -78.89583 (40.296574, -78.895756). It is bordered on the west by the city of Johnstown.
According to the United States Census Bureau, Lorain has a total area of 0.35 square miles (0.9 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 747 people, 336 households, and 217 families residing in the borough. The population density was 2,244.7 inhabitants per square mile (866.7/km$^2$). There were 365 housing units at an average density of 1,096.8 per square mile (423.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the borough was 97.32% White, 1.61% African American, 0.80% Asian, and 0.27% from two or more races.
There were 336 households, out of which 25.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.6% were married couples living together, 14.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.4% were non-families. 30.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.77.
In the borough the population was spread out, with 18.3% under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 22.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 95.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.9 males.
The median income for a household in the borough was $28,150, and the median income for a family was $30,441. Males had a median income of $25,500 versus $17,986 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $17,243. About 13.6% of families and 13.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.4% of those under age 18 and 3.1% of those age 65 or over.

## Government

The current mayor and council were elected to office in November 2020. The results of the election placed Michael Hammers into a four-year term as mayor.

## Emergency services

Police services are provided by Stonycreek Township Police Department under contract to Lorain Borough.
Ambulance BLS/ALS are provided through East Hills Ambulance, as designated by the Southern Alleghenies EMS Council.
Lorain Volunteer Fire Company has operated from 2002 through October 2010 from the Oakland Volunteer Fire Company's facilities. The two companies assist one another in providing coverage. The Lorain Borough Volunteer Fire Company's firehall had been sold to John Clawson in November 2007 for $25,000.
On October 13, 2010, at the monthly council meeting it was announced that the Lorain Borough Fire Department and the Oakland Fire Department would merge.
# Dane Dorahy

Dane Dorahy ((1977-12-17)17 December 1977) is an Australian rugby league coach and former professional rugby league footballer.
He played as a fullback, five-eighth, or halfback in the 1990s and 2000s. He played at club level for Western Suburbs (Heritage No. 1052) in the NRL, the Wakefield Trinity Wildcats (Heritage No. 1165) and Halifax (Heritage No. 1172) in Super League, and the Rochdale Hornets and Hull Kingston Rovers (Heritage No. 1013) in the Championship.

## Background

Dorahy is the son of former international rugby league player and coach, John Dorahy.

## Coaching career

Dorahy took up a coaching role with the Wests Tigers in 2007, where he spent two seasons, before moving to the Illawarra Cutters. In 2021, he took the head coach role for South Sydney Rabbitohs' reserve grade, where he took them from last position, to just missing out on Top 5. 2023 Dane became assistant coach / mentor for St. George Illawarra Dragons' under-21s.
On 9 August 2023, the Castleford Tigers announced the appointment of Dorahy as an assistant coach on a short-term basis until the end of the season. He joined the Tigers alongside new head coach Danny Ward following the departure of Andy Last, and would work with existing coaches Craig Lingard and Scott Murrell. With six games remaining and Castleford level on points at the bottom of the table, the new coaching staff were tasked with securing Super League status. Key victories against Wakefield and Hull FC saw the Tigers narrowly survive, and Dorahy departed following the conclusion of the season.
# Troy Cassell

Troy Cassell (born 10 November 1970) is an Australian former rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s. He played for the Canterbury Bulldogs and the Penrith Panthers. His position of choice was prop.

## Playing career

Cassell was a St. Marys junior. In 1990, he joined the Canterbury Bulldogs. He was a regular member of the under 21 team and played in the preliminary semi-final against the Parramatta Eels as a replacement. In 1991, Cassell became a regular member of the reserve grade team and was used regularly as a replacement forward for first grade. Cassell made his first grade debut in his side's 30−18 victory over the Balmain Tigers at Leichhardt Oval in round 1 of the 1991 season. He made 17 appearances for the Bulldogs in his rookie season including the play-off for fifth against the Western Suburbs Magpies in which he played as a replacement. In 1992, Cassell started the season late due to injury and was briefly promoted to first grade for Mitch Newton.
In 1993, Cassell started the season in reserve grade, but joined the Penrith Panthers mid-season where he played 13 games from 1993 to 1994. Cassell was released by the Panthers at the end of the 1994 season, and subsequently never played first grade rugby league again. In total, Cassell played 37 first grade games and scored 3 tries.
# Blocking statute

A blocking statute is a law of one jurisdiction intended to hinder application there of a law made by a foreign jurisdiction. A blocking statute was proposed by the European Union in 1996 to nullify a US trade embargo on Cuba and sanctions related to Iran and Libya which affected countries trading with the US and with the named countries. The 1996 statute was not enacted as the disagreements were settled by other means.

## Operation

A blocking statute shields companies in its jurisdiction against sanctions by prohibiting them from respecting the sanctions, and not recognising foreign court rulings enforcing them.

## European Union blocking statute

A EU blocking statute was originally enacted in 1996 to "counteract" the sanctions imposed by the United States against Cuba, Iran and Libya.
After the US reimposed sanctions against Iran following its withdrawal from an agreement which permitted trade if Iran curtailed its nuclear programme, on 17 May 2018 the European Commission announced its intention to implement the blocking statute of 1996 to declare the US sanctions against Iran null and void in Europe and ban European citizens and companies from complying with them. The commission also instructed the European Investment Bank to facilitate European companies' investment in Iran.

### 2018 update

On 7 August 2018, the EU updated its blocking statute. The process of updating the EU blocking statute commenced by adding to its scope on 6 June 2018 the extraterritorial sanctions the US re-imposed on Iran. The European Commission said:
   ...We are determined to protect European economic operators engaged in legitimate business with Iran, in accordance with EU law and with UN Security Council resolution 2231... This is why the European Union’s updated Blocking Statute enters into force on 7 August to protect EU companies doing legitimate business with Iran from the impact of US extra-territorial sanctions.
The 2018 blocking statute essentially prohibits EU companies from "direct" or "indirect" (via subsidiaries or intermediary persons) compliance with the laws listed in US sanctions annex. It also does not recognize any verdicts by courts that enforce US penalties. A to-be-established clearing house will, through a special-purpose vehicle set up for this purpose, facilitate trade with Iran by European companies, bypassing US sanctions.
European governments regard the blocking statute as "more of a political weapon than a regulation", since, it wrote, the blocking statute's rules were "vague and difficult to enforce". A senior US administration official said they were not "particularly concerned by" the imposition of the blocking statute.
# Kevin Moore (rugby league)

Kevin Moore (born 30 November 1965) is an Australian former rugby league football coach and player.

## Playing career

As a player, he played as a scrum-half. He played for the Halifax team in the Championship (1984–1986). He then joined the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs team in 1989, where he remained until 1994.

## Coaching career

Moore became the head coach for the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs of the NRL from the 2009 season and was named in place of Steve Folkes after his retirement. He led the club to a second-place finish in 2009 and guided them all the way to the preliminary final before they were defeated by arch rivals the Parramatta Eels in front of a record non-grand final crowd of 74,549. Canterbury had gone into the game as favorites despite Parramatta's dream run at the back end of the season.
Moore was sacked midway through the 2011 season after the club underachieved in the ensuing two years, failing to make the finals in either 2010 or 2011.

## Personal life

He is the son of Peter "Bullfrog" Moore. He is also brother-in-law to his predecessor, former Canterbury coach Steve Folkes.
# Koules Fortress

The Koules (Greek: Κούλες) or Castello a Mare ("Fort on the Sea" in Italian) is a fortress located at the entrance of the old port of Heraklion, Crete, Greece. It was built by the Republic of Venice in the early 16th century, and is still in good condition today.

## History

The site was possibly first fortified by the Arabs in the 9th or 10th centuries. By the second Byzantine period, a tower known as Castellum Comunis stood on the site. In 1303, the tower was destroyed in an earthquake but was repaired.
In 1462, the Venetian Senate approved a programme to improve the fortifications of Candia. Eventually, the Byzantine tower was demolished in 1523, and the Castello a Mare began to be built instead. Old ships were filled with stone, and were sunk to form a breakwater and increase the area of the platform on which the fortress was built. The fortress was completed in 1540.
In 1630, the fort was armed with 18 cannons on the ground floor, and 25 cannons on the pathway leading to the roof.
During the 21-year long Siege of Candia, Ottoman batteries easily neutralised the fort's firepower. The Ottomans eventually took the fort in 1669, after the Venetians surrendered the entire city. They did not make any major alterations to the fort, except for the additions of some battlements and embrasures. They built a small fort known as Little Koules on the landward side, but this was demolished in 1936 while the city was being "modernized".
During the period of Egyptian rule in Crete (1830–1840), a lighthouse was built on the north-eastern corner of Koule. In 1930, concrete pillars were added to the lighthouse. The lighthouse was destroyed in World War II but was rebuilt and continued to operate until 1960, when it was renovated and the concrete pillars were removed. The fortress has been restored, and it is now open to the public. Art exhibitions and cultural activities are occasionally held at the fort.

## Layout

The fortress is made up of two parts: a high rectangular section, and a slightly lower semi-elliptical section. Its walls are up to 8.7m thick at some places, and it has three entrances. The fort has two stories, with a total of 26 rooms, which were originally used as barracks, a prison, storage rooms, a water reservoir, a church, a mill and a bakery.
A lighthouse tower is located on the northern part of the fort.
# Caught in that Feeling

"Caught In That Feeling" is a song by Swedish singer-songwriter Daniel Lindstrom, released on December 12, 2008, through independent Swedish label Laluff Music Production and distributor Playground Music Scandinavia as the second single from his third studio album D-Day (2008). It was produced by Fredrik Samsson and Mohammed Denebi. Samsson co-wrote the joint song with Lindstrom and American songwriter Roxanne Seeman.
The single release included an acoustic version. Radio remix and Club remix versions were released in August 2009 as Caught in That Feeling the Remix by Daniel Lindstrom feat Flow Vibe.
Lindstrom performed Caught in That Feeling at the Future Gala 2018 at the Vasa Theatre in Stockholm.
Filipino singer Jason Dy performed Caught In That Feeling during the All Star Cast Finale Episode of the second season of The Voice of the Philippines upon winning the competition. A studio recording of the song was released on March 30, 2015, through UMUSIC Philippines as the lead single from his eponymous album Jason Dy.

## Background

Roxanne Seeman was visiting the studio of Moh Denebi in Stockholm, where she met Fredrik Samsson. Samsson gave Seeman a CD of songs, including one unfinished song with the vocals of Daniel Lindstrom. Upon returning to Los Angeles, Seeman listened to the songs and called Samsson inquiring after the unfinished song and the singer. Samsson replied that it was Daniel Lindstrom, winner of the first Swedish Pop Idol season, and invited Seeman to write with them for Lindstrom's upcoming album, which Samsson and Denebi were producing. Seeman returned to Stockholm and wrote "Caught In That Feeling" with Fredrik Samsson and Daniel Lindstrom at Samsson's studio.

## Style

The song was recorded during the D-Day album sessions using the latest technology of the time, mixing live sessions with synths to get both a retro feel and a current sound. Samsson explained "It is not so common to do so today. I've never done that before. It has been like baking a nice cake."

## Credits and personnel

* Daniel Lindstrom - vocals, songwriter
* Fredrik Samsson - producer, songwriter
* Mohammed Denebi - producer
* Per Lindvall - drums
* Andreas Unge - bass
* Jesper Nordenstrom - piano
* Erik Arvinder - string arranger

## Jason Dy version

A studio recording of the song was produced by Francis Guevarra and released March 30, 2015 through UMUSIC Philippines as the lead single from Jason Dy's album of the same name. An acoustic version of the song also appears on Dy's eponymous album.
Edray Teodoro and Micka Gorospe performed Caught In That Feeling at a celebration at Robinsons Galleria in Quezon City, Philippines, where Dy received a gold record award from MCA Music for his Jason Dy album.