# List of Thai monarchs

The succession of Thai monarchs began with Si Inthrathit at the establishment of the first Thai kingdom in 1238. With brief interruptions, 55 monarchs have ruled over four successive kingdoms, the current monarch being Vajiralongkorn (Rama X) of the Chakri dynasty.

## Titles and naming conventions

In the Sukhothai Kingdom, the monarch used the title Pho Khun (Thai: พ่อขุน), and monarchs who reigned over the period of decline after Ram Khamhaeng the Great used the title Phraya (Thai: พญา).
In the Ayutthaya Kingdom and afterward, thanandon, the system of Thai royal titles, determines the style of the monarch's full regnal name (which includes the title), consisting of two interconnected parts:
* The first part is the title Phra Bat Somdet Phra Chao Yu Hua (Thai: พระบาทสมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัว, 'His Majesty the King'). The title is split by the regnal name, written between Phra and Chao. If the monarch was not formally crowned, Phra Bat is omitted. If the monarch ruled as a tributary or was usurped, Somdet may be omitted.
** Sometimes, Chao Yu Hua is fully omitted. Other times, only Yu Hua is omitted, in which case Chao follows the remaining components of the title and precedes the regnal name.
* The second part is the regnal name, of which only a portion may be used to commonly refer to the monarch. It may differ from their birth name, their name as uparaja (viceroy), or their posthumous name and/or historical style. This list refers to monarchs by the names most often used by traditional historians.
Western nations referred to the monarch as the "King of Siam" (Latin: Rex Siamensium), regardless of Thai titles, since the initiation of relations in the 16th century. Mongkut (Rama IV) was the first monarch to adopt the title when the name Siam was first used in an international treaty. When the kingdom's name was changed to Thailand, the monarch's Western title changed accordingly.

## Sukhothai Kingdom (1238–1438)

Tai peoples migrated into mainland Southeast Asia in the 8th–10th centuries. In the years after, Northern Thai groups established mueang that evolved into larger states, such as Ngoenyang. However, it was not until the decline of the Khmer Empire in the 13th century that a Central Thai kingdom politically and culturally related to modern Thailand was first founded.

### Phra Ruang dynasty (1238–1438)

The Phra Ruang dynasty was the only royal lineage that ruled over the Sukhothai Kingdom, the first Central Thai state. Established by Si Inthrathit in 1238, who declared independence from the Khmer Empire, the dynasty laid the foundations for Thai society. Under Ram Khamhaeng the Great, the initial Thai script was invented and Therāvada Buddhism was established as the state religion.$^{:197}$$^{:25}$
The dynasty is named after the Traiphum Phra Ruang, a Buddhist cosmology book written by Maha Thammaracha I. During his reign, the kingdom was invaded by Ayutthaya, a neighboring Thai state, becoming a tributary during the reign of Maha Thammaracha II.$^{:222}$
In the Sukhothai Kingdom, the monarch ruled from the city of Sukhothai, while the heir presumptive would occasionally be named uparaja, or viceroy, and ruled in Si Satchanalai. In 1438, Ayutthaya annexed Sukhothai at the death of Maha Thammaracha IV when Borommarachathirat II of Ayutthaya named his son Prince Ramesuan uparaja. In Ayutthaya, the tradition would evolve into the Front Palace system.
| No. | Regnal name | Personal name | Reign | Succession | Life details |
| 1 | Kamonteng Ansi Inthrabodinthrathit กมรเตงอัญศรีอินทรบดินทราทิตย์ | Pho Khun Si Inthrathit พ่อขุนศรีอินทราทิตย์ or Pho Khun Bang Klang Hao พ่อขุนบางกลางหาว | 1238 – 1270 (32 years) | First King of Sukhothai | 1188 – 1270 (aged 82)Ruled locally in the Khmer Empire as Bang Klang Hao. His rebellion led to the establishment of Sukhothai, the first Central Thai kingdom |
| 2 | Pho Khun Ban Mueang พ่อขุนบานเมือง | Pho Khun Ban Mueang พ่อขุนบานเมือง | 1270 – 1279 (9 years) | Son of Si Inthrathit | c. 1237 – 1279 (aged approx. 42)Namesake for birth name of Maha Thammaracha IV |
| 3 | Phrabat Kamonteng Ansi Rammarat พระบาทกมรเตงอัญศรีรามราช | Pho Khun Ram Khamhaeng the Great พ่อขุนรามคำแหงมหาราช | 1279 – 1298 (19 years) | Younger brother of Ban Mueang; named uparaja | c. 1237/1247 – 1298 (aged approx. 51/61)Oversaw the height of Sukhothai prosperity, the development of the Thai script, and the propagation of Theravada Buddhism within Sukhothai |
| 4 | Phraya Loe Thai พระยาเลอไทย | Phraya Loe Thai พระยาเลอไทย | 1298 – 1323 (25 years) | Son of Ram Khamhaeng | c. 1262 – 1323 (aged approx. 61)Brother of Burmese queen consort May Hnin Thwe-Da. His reign saw the decline of Sukhothai, as regions conquered by Ram Khamhaeng broke away |
| 5 | Phraya Ngua Nam Thum พระยางั่วนำถุม | Phraya Ngua Nam Thum พระยางั่วนำถุม | 1323 – 1347 (24 years) | Son of Ban Mueang and first cousin of Loe Thai | c. 1266 – 1347 (aged approx. 81)Brother of Burmese queen consort May Hnin Htapi. Origin of his name is disputed |
| 6 | Phra Maha Thammaracha I พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๑ | Phraya Li Thai พระยาลิไทย | 1347 – 1368 (21 years) | Son of Loe Thai and first cousin once removed of Ngua Nam Thum; named uparaja as Li Thai in 1340/41 | c. 1300 – 1368 (aged approx. 68)Known for his devotion to Buddhist philosophy and writing. During his reign, Ayutthaya began to invade into Sukhothai |
| 1378: Sukhothai became a tributary state of the Ayutthaya Kingdom. |||||||
| 7 | Phra Maha Thammaracha II พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๒ | Phraya Lue Thai พระยาลือไทย | 1368 – c. 1400 (approx. 32 years) | Son of Maha Thammaracha I | c. 1358 – 1400 (aged approx. 42)Born Lue Thai. Under his rule, the dynasty continued under tributary status |
| 8 | Phra Maha Thammaracha III พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๓ | Phraya Sai Lue Thai พระยาไสลือไทย | c. 1400 – 1419 (approx. 19 years) | Son of Maha Thammaracha II | c. 1380 – 1419 (aged approx. 39)Born Sai Lue Thai |
| 9 | Phra Maha Thammaracha IV พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๔ | Phraya Borommapan พระยาบรมปาล | 1419 – 1438 (19 years) | Son of Maha Thammaracha III | c. 1401 – 1438 (aged approx. 37)Born Borommapan. Won the throne against his brother after the intervention of King Intharachathirat of Ayutthaya. Upon his death, King Borommarachathirat II of Ayutthaya installed his son as uparaja, ending the Phra Ruang succession |
| 1438: Unification with Ayutthaya Kingdom ended Sukhothai autonomy. |||||||

## Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351–1767)

The Ayutthaya Kingdom was a result of a unification between two states: the Kingdom of Suphannaphum (Suphanburi) and the Kingdom of Lavo. Though the Kingdom of Lavo was originally a Mon kingdom, the migration of the Tai peoples into the Chao Phraya basin replaced the original Mons, consequently becoming the governors of these regions. This resulted in the capital moving from Lavapura (Lopburi) and Suphannaphum (Suphanburi) to Ayodhya (Old Ayutthaya), a new capital. Later on, the Kingdom of Nakhon si Thammarat came under the influence of Ayutthaya after seceding from Sukhothai, and Sukhothai losing influence and coming under Ayutthayan influence.
This conflict would last long into the history of Ayutthaya Kingdom, where families from the four major regional kingdoms vie over the throne of the kingdom. These kingdoms are: Kingdom of Nakhon Si Thammarat, Kingdom of Sukhothai, Kingdom of Lavo, and Kingdom of Suphannaphum. The Kingdom of Sukhothai was integrated into the Kingdom of Ayutthaya along with its noble famlies.

### Pre-Ayutthaya era (Ayodhya period)

Ayodhya Governor Seat :
| Regnal name | Reign from | Reign until | Notes |
| Phra Narai พระนารายณ์ | 1082 | 1087 | Both ruler of the Ayodhya seat and the Kingdom of Lavo |
| Vacancy of the governor seat; the line split into the Ayodhya seat and the Lavapura (Lavo) seat ||||
| Phra Chao Luang พระเจ้าหลวง | 1089 | 1111 | |
| Sai Nam Peung สายน้ำผึ้ง | 1165 | 1205 | |
| Phra Chao Thammikaraja พระเจ้าธรรมิกราชา | 1205 | 1253 | Full regnal name according to the Miscellaneous Laws (Phra Aiyakan Betset) under the parent law, Three Seals Law, enacted in 1225 AD (BE 1768): Phrabat Somdet Phra Ramathibodi Sriwisutthiburusodom Borommachakkraphat Thammikaraja Dechochaithepadithep Triphuwanathibet Barombophit Phra Phutthi Chao Yu Hua (Thai: พระบาทสมเดจ์พระรามาธิบดีศรีวิสุทธิบุรุโสดมบรมจักรพรรดิธรรมิกกราชเดโชไชเทพาดิเทพตรีภูวนาธิเบศ บรมบพิตรพระพุทธิเจ้าอยู่หัว) |
| Phra Chao Uthong พระเจ้าอู่ทอง | 1253 | 1289 | |
| Phra Chao Chaisen พระเจ้าชัยเสน | 1289 | 1301 | |
| Phra Chao Suwanracha พระเจ้าสุวรรณราชา | 1301 | 1310 | |
| Phra Chao Thammaracha พระเจ้าธรรมราชา | 1310 | 1344 | |
| Phra Boromracha พระบรมราชา | 1344 | 1351 | |
| Phra Chao Uthong พระเจ้าอู่ทอง | 1344 | 1351 | After King Phraek Si Racha of the Lavapura seat passed, the throne passed through his daughter Son Sai, onto her son, the governor of Ayodhya: Phra Chao Uthong |
| Governorship of Lavo merged with the Ayutthaya governorship when Uthong inherited Lavo Lavo merged into the Ayutthayan crown in 1388 under King Ramesuan ||||

### 1st Uthong dynasty (1351–1370)

| No. | Portrait | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
| 1 | | Somdet Phra Ramathibodi I สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๑ | Phra Chao Uthong พระเจ้าอู่ทอง | 3 April 1314 | 4 March 1351 | 1369 (18 years) (63 years old) | 1369 (18 years) (63 years old) | First king of Ayutthaya |
| 2 | | Somdet Phra Ramesuan สมเด็จพระราเมศวร | Somdet Phra Ramesuan สมเด็จพระราเมศวร | 1339 | 1369 | 1370 (less than one year) (abdicated) | 1395 (56 years old) | Son of Uthong |

### 1st Suphannaphum dynasty (1370–1388)

As previously mentioned, the kingdom of Ayutthaya was the result of the unification between two federations: Lavo and Suphannaphum. The ruling dynasty of Lavo gave rise to the Uthong Dynasty, in which the Suphannaphum dynasty came from the Suphannaphum federation. This federation held significant influence within the kingdom leading them to take control of the throne in 1310.
Suphannaphum Governor Seat :
| Regnal name | Reign from | Reign until | Notes |
| Uthong I | Unknown | Unknown | Suphan Buri was a tributary state of the Sukhothai Kingdom (1283–1298)Son of ChaiyasiriYounger brother of Phanom Thalesri, King of Phip Phli |
| Uthong II | Unknown | 1335 | Son of Uthong I |
| Uthong III | 1335 | 1351 | Son or son-in-law of Uthong IIPossible father of Pha Ngua |
| Pha Ngua | 1351 | 1370 | Foundation of the Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351)Later became King Borommarachathirat I |
| Pha Ngua became King Borommarachathirat I ||||
| Sri Thephahurat | 1370 | 1374 | Younger brother or son of Borommarachathirat IFather or relative of Nakhon InBorn into a Suphannaphum father and a Phra Ruang mother |
| Nakhon In | 1374 | 1408 | Also the crown prince of XiānluóLater became King Intharachathirat |
| Nakhon In became King Intharachathirat ||||
| Ai Phaya | 1408 | 1424 | Son of IntharachathiratOlder brother of Borommarachathirat II |
| Suphannaphum merged into the Ayutthayan crown ||||
| No. | Portrait | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
| 3 | | Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat I สมเด็จพระบรมราชาธิราชที่ ๑ | Khun Luang Pha Ngua ขุนหลวงพะงั่ว | 1310 | 1370 | 1388 (18 years) (78 years old) | 1388 (18 years) (78 years old) | Usurper, former lord of SuphanburiHusband of Uthong's older sisterPossible son of Uthong III, making him a great-great-great-grandson of Phrom |
| 4 | | Somdet Phra Chao Thong Lan สมเด็จพระเจ้าทองลัน | Somdet Phra Chao Thong Lan สมเด็จพระเจ้าทองลัน | 1374 | 1388 (7 days) (14 years old) | 1388 (7 days) (14 years old) | 1388 (7 days) (14 years old) | Son of Borommarachathirat I |

### 2nd Uthong dynasty (1388–1409)

| No. | Portrait | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes |
| (2) | | Somdet Phra Ramesuan สมเด็จพระราเมศวร | Somdet Phra Ramesuan สมเด็จพระราเมศวร | 1339 | 1388 | 1395 (7 years) (56 years old) | 1395 (7 years) (56 years old) | Former king reclaiming the throneSon of Uthong |
| 5 | | Somdet Phra Ramrachathirat สมเด็จพระรามราชาธิราช | Somdet Phraya Ram Chao สมเด็จพญารามเจ้า | 1356 | 1395 | 1409 (14 years) (usurped) | ? | Son of Ramesuan |

### 2nd Suphannaphum dynasty (1409–1569)

| No. | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | Viceroy |
| 6 | Somdet Phra Intharachathirat สมเด็จพระนครินทราธิราช | Chao Nakhon In เจ้านครอินทร์ | 1359 | 1409 | 1424 (15 years) (65 years old) | 1424 (15 years) (65 years old) | Former lord of Suphanburi, offered crownNephew or son of Borommarachathirat I | Former lord of Suphanburi, offered crownNephew or son of Borommarachathirat I |
| 7 | Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat II สมเด็จพระบรมราชาธิราชที่ ๒ | Chao Sam Phraya เจ้าสามพระยา | 1386 | 1424 | 1448 (24 years) (62 years old) | 1448 (24 years) (62 years old) | Son of Intharachathirat | Ramesuan (son) |
| 8 | Somdet Phra Borommatrailokkanat สมเด็จพระบรมไตรโลกนาถ | Phra Ramesuan (II) พระราเมศวร (ที่๒) | 1431 | 1448 | 1488 (40 years) (57 years old) | 1488 (40 years) (57 years old) | Son of Borommarachathirat II | Chettha (son) |
| Administrative reform Chatusadom, 1454 ||||||||||
| 9 | Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat III สมเด็จพระบรมราชาธิราชที่ ๓ | Phra Borommaracha พระบรมราชา | 1462 | 1488 | 1491 (3 years) (29 years old) | 1491 (3 years) (29 years old) | Son of Borommatrailokkanat | Chettha (brother) |
| 10 | Somdet Phra Ramathibodi II สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๒ | Phra Chetthathirat พระเชษฐาธิราช | 1473 | 1491 | 10 October 1529 (38 years) (56 years old) | 10 October 1529 (38 years) (56 years old) | Younger brother of Borommarachathirat IIISon of Borommatrailokkanat | Athittayawong (son) |
| 11 | Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat IV สมเด็จพระบรมราชาธิราชที่ ๔ | Phra Athittayawong พระอาทิตยวงศ์ | 1488 | 10 October 1529 | 1533 (4 years) (45 years old) | 1533 (4 years) (45 years old) | Son of Ramathibodi II | Chairacha (brother) |
| 12 | Somdet Phra Ratsadathirat สมเด็จพระรัษฎาธิราช | Somdet Phra Ratsadathirat สมเด็จพระรัษฎาธิราช | 1529 | 1533 (5 months) (4 years old) | 1533 (5 months) (4 years old) | 1533 (5 months) (4 years old) | Son of Borommarachathirat IVChild king, reigned under regency | Vacant |
| 13 | Somdet Phra Chairachathirat สมเด็จพระไชยราชาธิราช | Somdet Phra Chairachathirat สมเด็จพระไชยราชาธิราช | 1499 | 1533 | 1546 (13 years) (47 years old) | 1546 (13 years) (47 years old) | Usurper, uncle of RatsadathiratYounger brother of Borommarachathirat IVSon of Ramathibodi II | Vacant |
| 14 | Somdet Phra Yotfa สมเด็จพระยอดฟ้า | Somdet Phra Yotfa สมเด็จพระยอดฟ้า | 1535 | 1546 | 1548 (2 years) (usurped) | 10 June 1548 (13 years old) | Son of Chairachathirat | Vacant |
| — | Khun Worawongsathirat ขุนวรวงศาธิราช | Bunsi บุญศรี | 1503 | before 10 June 1548 | 11 November 1548 – 5 January 1549 (154 days) (45 years old) | 11 November 1548 – 5 January 1549 (154 days) (45 years old) | Usurper, not accepted as legitimate by some historians | Chan (brother) |
| 15 | Somdet Phra Maha Chakkraphat สมเด็จพระมหาจักรพรรดิ | Phra Chao Chang Pheuak พระเจ้าช้างเผือก or Phra Thianracha พระเทียรราชา | 1509 | 1548 | 1568 (20 years) (59 years old) | 1568 (20 years) (59 years old) | Son of Ramathibodi IIYounger brother of Borommarachathirat IV and ChairachathiratSeized the throne from a usurperBecame a Buddhist monk at Pegu (1564–1568), resumed power | Ramesuan (son) |
| 15 | Somdet Phra Maha Chakkraphat สมเด็จพระมหาจักรพรรดิ | Phra Chao Chang Pheuak พระเจ้าช้างเผือก or Phra Thianracha พระเทียรราชา | 1509 | 1548 | 1568 (20 years) (59 years old) | 1568 (20 years) (59 years old) | Son of Ramathibodi IIYounger brother of Borommarachathirat IV and ChairachathiratSeized the throne from a usurperBecame a Buddhist monk at Pegu (1564–1568), resumed power | Mahin (son) |
| 16 | Somdet Phra Mahinthrathirat สมเด็จพระมหินทราธิราช | Somdet Phra Mahinthrathirat สมเด็จพระมหินทราธิราช | 1539 | 1568 | 2 August 1569 (1 year) (deposed) | c. late 1569 (30 years old) | Son of Maha Chakkraphat and Queen Suriyothai | Vacant |
| First Fall of Ayutthaya ||||||||||

### Sukhothai dynasty (1569–1629)

| No. | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | Viceroy |
| Vassal of the First Toungoo Empire (1569–1584) ||||||||||
| 17 | Somdet Phra Sanphet I สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๑ | Somdet Phra Maha Thammarachathirat สมเด็จพระมหาธรรมราชาธิราช | 1517 | 1569 | c. 30 June 1590 (21 years) (73 years old) | c. 30 June 1590 (21 years) (73 years old) | Former lord of PhitsanulokDescended from the Phra Ruang dynasty of SukhothaiSon-in-law of Maha Chakkraphat and Queen SuriyothaiInstalled as vassal of Bayinnaung of the Toungoo Empire, declared independence in 1584 | Naresuan (son) |
| Independence from the First Toungoo Empire, 1584 ||||||||||
| 18 | Somdet Phra Sanphet II สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๒ | Somdet Phra Naresuan the Great สมเด็จพระนเรศวรมหาราช | 1555/56 | 1 July 1590 | 25 April 1605 (15 years) (49 years old) | 25 April 1605 (15 years) (49 years old) | Son of Maha Thammarachathirat | Ekathotsarot (brother) |
| 19 | Somdet Phra Sanphet III สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๓ | Somdet Phra Ekathotsarot สมเด็จพระเอกาทศรถ | 1557 | 25 April 1605 | 1610 (5 years) (53 years old) | 1610 (5 years) (53 years old) | Brother of NaresuanSon of Maha Thammarachathirat | Suthat (son) |
| 20 | Somdet Phra Sanphet IV สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๔ | Somdet Phra Si Saowaphak สมเด็จพระศรีเสาวภาคย์ | 1585 | 1610 | 1611 (1 year, 2 months) (26 years old) | 1611 (1 year, 2 months) (26 years old) | Son of Ekathotsarot | Vacant |
| 21 | Somdet Phra Borommaracha I สมเด็จพระบรมราชาที่ ๑ | Somdet Phra Songtham สมเด็จพระเจ้าทรงธรรม | 1590 | 1611 | 12 December 1628 (17 years) (38 years old) | 12 December 1628 (17 years) (38 years old) | Son of Ekathotsarot, invited to take the throne after leaving the Sangha (priesthood) | Si Sorarak (son) |
| 22 | Somdet Phra Borommaracha II สมเด็จพระบรมราชาที่ ๒ | Somdet Phra Chetthathirat สมเด็จพระเชษฐาธิราช | c. 1613 | 12 December 1628 | 1628–1629 (1 year) (16 years old) | 1628–1629 (1 year) (16 years old) | Son of Songtham | Vacant |
| 23 | Somdet Phra Athittayawong สมเด็จพระอาทิตยวงศ์ | Somdet Phra Athittayawong สมเด็จพระอาทิตยวงศ์ | 1620 | 1629 (36 days) (usurped) | 1629 (36 days) (usurped) | 1637 (17 years old) | Younger brother of ChetthathiratSon of Songtham | Vacant |

### Prasat Thong dynasty (1629–1688)

| No. | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | Viceroy |
| 24 | Somdet Phra Chao Sanphet V สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๕ | Somdet Phra Chao Prasat Thong สมเด็จพระเจ้าปราสาททอง | 1599 | 1629 | August 1655 (26 years) (56 years old) | August 1655 (26 years) (56 years old) | Usurper, former kalahomRumored to be a son of Ekathotsarot | Vacant |
| 25 | Somdet Phra Sanphet VI สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๖ | Somdet Chao Fa Chai สมเด็จเจ้าฟ้าไชย | 1630 | August 1655 | 1656 (1 year) (26 years old) | 1656 (1 year) (26 years old) | Son of Prasat Thong | Vacant |
| 26 | Somdet Phra Sanphet VII สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๗ | Somdet Phra Si Suthammaracha สมเด็จพระศรีสุธรรมราชาธ | 1600 | August 1656 | 26 October 1656 (~2 months) (56 years old) | 26 October 1656 (~2 months) (56 years old) | Usurper, uncle of ChaiYounger brother of Prasat Thong | Narai (nephew) |
| 27 | Somdet Phra Ramathibodi III สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๓ | Somdet Phra Narai the Great สมเด็จพระนารายณ์มหาราช | 16 February 1632 | 26 October 1656 | 11 July 1688 (32 years) (56 years old) | 11 July 1688 (32 years) (56 years old) | Usurper, nephew of Si SuthammarachaSon of Prasat ThongHalf-brother of ChaiFormer Front Palace | Vacant |
| The Siamese revolution of 1688; populist upheaval ||||||||||

### Ban Phlu Luang dynasty (1688–1767)

| No. | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | Viceroy |
| 28 | Somdet Phra Phetracha สมเด็จพระเพทราชา | Somdet Phra Mahaburut สมเด็จพระมหาบุรุษ | 1632 | 11 July 1688 | 5 February 1703 (14 years) (71 years old) | 5 February 1703 (14 years) (71 years old) | Usurper, former commander of the Elephant CorpsSon-in-law of Narai | Sorasak (stepson) |
| 29 | Somdet Phra Sanphet VIII สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๘ | Somdet Phra Suriyenthrathibodi สมเด็จพระเจ้าสุริเยนทราธิบดี or Phra Chao Seua พระเจ้าเสือ | 1661 | 5 February 1703 | 9 February 1709 (7 years) (48 years old) | 9 February 1709 (7 years) (48 years old) | Stepson of PhetrachaSon of Narai and a Chiang Mai's princess that was later given to be Phetracha's wife | Phet (son) |
| 30 | Somdet Phra Sanphet IX สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๙ | Phra Chao Thai Sa พระเจ้าท้ายสระ | 1679 | 9 February 1709 | 13 January 1733 (23 years) (54 years old) | 13 January 1733 (23 years) (54 years old) | Son of Suriyenthrathibodi | Phon (brother) |
| 31 | Somdet Phra Maha Thammarachathirat II สมเด็จพระมหา ธรรมราชาธิราชที่ ๒ | Somdet Phra Chao Yu Hua Borommakot สมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัวบรมโกศ | c. 1681 | 13 January 1733 | 26 April 1758 (26 years) (77 years old) | 26 April 1758 (26 years) (77 years old) | Brother of Thai SaSon of SuriyenthrathibodiFormer Front Palace | Senaphithak (son) |
| 31 | Somdet Phra Maha Thammarachathirat II สมเด็จพระมหา ธรรมราชาธิราชที่ ๒ | Somdet Phra Chao Yu Hua Borommakot สมเด็จพระเจ้าอยู่หัวบรมโกศ | c. 1681 | 13 January 1733 | 26 April 1758 (26 years) (77 years old) | 26 April 1758 (26 years) (77 years old) | Brother of Thai SaSon of SuriyenthrathibodiFormer Front Palace | Phonphinit (son) |
| 32 | Somdet Phra Maha Thammarachathirat III สมเด็จพระมหา ธรรมราชาธิราชที่ ๓ | Somdet Phra Chao Uthumphon สมเด็จพระเจ้าอุทุมพร | 1733 | 1 May 1758 | 1758 (3 months) | 1796 (~63 years old) | Son of BorommakotFormer Front Palace | Vacant |
| 33 | Somdet Phra Borommaracha III สมเด็จพระบรมราชาที่ ๓ | Somdet Phra Thinang Suriyat Amarin สมเด็จพระที่นั่งสุริยาศน์อมรินทร์ or Somdet Phra Chao Ekkathat สมเด็จพระเจ้าเอกทัศ | 1718 | 1758 | 7 April 1767 (9 years) | 17 April 1767 (49 years old) | Usurper, brother of UthumphonSon of Borommakot | Vacant |
| Second Fall of Ayutthaya ||||||||||

## Thonburi Kingdom (1767–1782)
### Thonburi dynasty (1767–1782)

| No. | Portrait | Regnal name | Personal name | Birth | Reign from | Reign until | Death | Notes | Viceroy |
| 1 | | Somdet Phra Sanphet X สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๑๐ or Somdet Phra Borommaracha IV สมเด็จพระบรมราชาที่ ๔ | Somdet Phra Chao Taksin the Great สมเด็จพระเจ้าตากสินมหาราช | 17 April 1734 | 28 December 1767 | 1 April 1782 (14 years) (deposed) | 7 April 1782 (47 years old) (executed) | Son of Yong Saetae, from a Teochew family named "Tea" (鄭) or "Zheng" in Mandarin Chinese, and ThephamatOnly king of Thonburi | Inthraphithak (son) |
| The coup seized power as the Rattanakosin Kingdom ||||||||||

## Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782–present)
### Chakri dynasty (1782–present)

| No. | Regnal name | Ceremonial name | Birth (Parents) | Accession (Coronation) | Reign until | Death | Notes | Viceroy |
| 1 | Somdet Phra Ramathibodi IV สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๔ (name originally taken) or Rama I พระรามที่ ๑ (รัชกาลที่ ๑) (retroactively given) | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramoruracha Maha Chakri Boromanat Phra Phutthayotfa Chulalok the Great พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรโมรุราชามหาจักรีบรมนารถ พระพุทธยอดฟ้าจุฬาโลกมหาราช (posthumously by Rama III) or Somdet Chao Phraya Maha Kasatseuk สมเด็จเจ้าพระยามหากษัตริย์ศึก | 20 March 1737 4th child (2nd son) of Thongdi and Daoreung | 6 April 1782 (1st: 10 June 1782, 2nd: 17 June 1785) | 7 September 1809 (27 years, 154 days) (72 years old) | 7 September 1809 (27 years, 154 days) (72 years old) | Father-in-law of TaksinHis father was a great-grandson of Kosa Pan, and his mother was the daughter of a Hokkien millionaire family.Through the female line, he claimed to be a descendant of the Sukhothai dynasty. | Maha Sura Singhanat (brother) |
| 1 | Somdet Phra Ramathibodi IV สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๔ (name originally taken) or Rama I พระรามที่ ๑ (รัชกาลที่ ๑) (retroactively given) | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramoruracha Maha Chakri Boromanat Phra Phutthayotfa Chulalok the Great พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรโมรุราชามหาจักรีบรมนารถ พระพุทธยอดฟ้าจุฬาโลกมหาราช (posthumously by Rama III) or Somdet Chao Phraya Maha Kasatseuk สมเด็จเจ้าพระยามหากษัตริย์ศึก | 20 March 1737 4th child (2nd son) of Thongdi and Daoreung | 6 April 1782 (1st: 10 June 1782, 2nd: 17 June 1785) | 7 September 1809 (27 years, 154 days) (72 years old) | 7 September 1809 (27 years, 154 days) (72 years old) | Father-in-law of TaksinHis father was a great-grandson of Kosa Pan, and his mother was the daughter of a Hokkien millionaire family.Through the female line, he claimed to be a descendant of the Sukhothai dynasty. | Itsarasunthon (son) |
| 2 | Rama II พระรามที่ ๒ (รัชกาลที่ ๒) (retroactively given) | Phrabat Somdet Phra Boromratchapongchet Maha Itsarasunthon Phra Phutthaloetla Naphalai พระบาทสมเด็จพระบรมราชพงษเชษฐมเหศวรสุนทร พระพุทธเลิศหล้านภาลัย (posthumously by Rama III) | 24 February 1767 4th child (2nd son) of Rama I and Queen Amarindra | 7 September 1809 (17 September 1809) | 21 July 1824 (14 years, 317 days) (57 years old) | 21 July 1824 (14 years, 317 days) (57 years old) | Son of Rama I | Maha Senanurak (brother) |
| 3 | Rama III พระรามที่ ๓ (รัชกาลที่ ๓) (retroactively given) | Phrabat Somdet Phra Paramathiworaset Maha Chetsadabodin Phra Nangklao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมาธิวรเสรฐมหาเจษฎาบดินทรฯ พระนั่งเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว (posthumously by Rama IV) or Phra Maha Chettha Chao พระมหาเจษฎาราชเจ้า | 31 March 1788 3rd child (2nd son) of Rama II and 1st child of Consort Sri Sulalai | 21 July 1824 (1 August 1824) | 2 April 1851 (26 years, 255 days) (63 years old) | 2 April 1851 (26 years, 255 days) (63 years old) | Son of Rama IIHis mother was a great-great-great-great-granddaughter of Sultan Sulaiman Shah of the Sultanate of Singora. | Sakdiphonlasep (uncle) |
| 4 | Rama IV พระรามที่ ๔ (รัชกาลที่ ๔) (retroactively given) | Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra Ramathibodhi Srisindra Maha Mongkut Phra Chomklao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรเมนทรรามาธิบดีศรีสินทรมหามงกุฎ พระจอมเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว or Phra Sayam Thewa Maha Makut Witthaya the Great พระสยามเทวมหามกุฏวิทยมหาราช | 18 October 1804 44th child (22nd son) of Rama II and 2nd child of Queen Sri Suriyendra | 2 April 1851 (15 May 1851) | 1 October 1868 (17 years, 182 days) (63 years old) | 1 October 1868 (17 years, 182 days) (63 years old) | Half-brother of Rama IIISon of Rama II | Pinklao (brother) |
| The feudal system was changed to absolute monarchy in 1892 ||||||||||
| 5 | Rama V พระรามที่ ๕ (รัชกาลที่ ๕) (retroactively given) | Phrabat Somdet Phra Poraminthra Maha Chulalongkorn Phra Chulachomklao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาจุฬาลงกรณ์ฯ พระจุลจอมเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว or Phra Piya the Great พระปิยมหาราช (His full name is 979 characters long) | 20 September 1853 9th child (5th son) of Rama IV and 1st child of Queen Debsirindra | 1 October 1868 (1st: 11 November 1868, 2nd: 16 November 1873) | 23 October 1910 (42 years, 22 days) (57 years old) | 23 October 1910 (42 years, 22 days) (57 years old) | Son of Rama IVUnder regency of Sri Suriwongse until 1873 | Wichaichan (cousin) |
| 5 | Rama V พระรามที่ ๕ (รัชกาลที่ ๕) (retroactively given) | Phrabat Somdet Phra Poraminthra Maha Chulalongkorn Phra Chulachomklao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาจุฬาลงกรณ์ฯ พระจุลจอมเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว or Phra Piya the Great พระปิยมหาราช (His full name is 979 characters long) | 20 September 1853 9th child (5th son) of Rama IV and 1st child of Queen Debsirindra | 1 October 1868 (1st: 11 November 1868, 2nd: 16 November 1873) | 23 October 1910 (42 years, 22 days) (57 years old) | 23 October 1910 (42 years, 22 days) (57 years old) | Son of Rama IVUnder regency of Sri Suriwongse until 1873 | Viceroyalty abolished in 1885 after the Front Palace Crisis |
| 6 | Rama VI พระรามที่ ๖ (รัชกาลที่ ๖) (new regnal name) | Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra Maha Vajiravudh Phra Mongkutklao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรเมนทรมหาวชิราวุธ พระมงกุฎเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว or Phrabat Somdet Phra Ramathibodi Sisinthara Maha Vajiravudh Phra Mongkutklao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีศรีสินทรมหาวชิราวุธ พระมงกุฎเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว (Name to be used during his lifetime) or Phra Maha Thirarat Chao พระมหาธีรราชเจ้า | 1 January 1881 28th child (11th son) of Rama V and 2nd child of Queen Saovabha Phongsri | 23 October 1910 (1st: 11 November 1910, 2nd: 28 November 1911) | 26 November 1925 (15 years, 34 days) (44 years old) | 26 November 1925 (15 years, 34 days) (44 years old) | Son of Rama V | Son of Rama V |
| 7 | Rama VII พระรามที่ ๗ (รัชกาลที่ ๗) | Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra Maha Prajadhipok Phra Pokklao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาประชาธิปก พระปกเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว | 8 November 1893 27th child (31st son) of Rama V and 9th child of Queen Saovabha Phongsri | 26 November 1925 (25 February 1926) | 2 March 1935 (9 years, 96 days) (abdicated) | 30 May 1941 (47 years old) | Younger brother of Rama VISon of Rama VLast absolute monarch | Younger brother of Rama VISon of Rama VLast absolute monarch |
| The Siamese revolution of 1932 ended absolute monarchy ||||||||||
| 8 | Rama VIII พระรามที่ ๘ (รัชกาลที่ ๘) | Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra Maha Ananda Mahidol Phra Atthamaramathibodin พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรเมนทรมหาอานันทมหิดล พระอัฐมรามาธิบดินทร | 20 September 1925 2nd child (1st son) of Mahidol Adulyadej and Princess Srinagarindra | 2 March 1935 (13 August 1946; posthumous) | 9 June 1946 (11 years, 99 days) (20 years old) | 9 June 1946 (11 years, 99 days) (20 years old) | Grandson of Rama VNephew of Rama VIIUnder regency from 1935 to 1946 | Grandson of Rama VNephew of Rama VIIUnder regency from 1935 to 1946 |
| 9 | Rama IX พระรามที่ ๙ (รัชกาลที่ ๙) | Phrabat Somdet Phra Poraminthra Maha Bhumibol Adulyadej the Great Mahitalathibet Ramathibodi Chakri Naribodin Sayamintharathirat Boromanatbophit พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรมินทรมหาภูมิพลอดุลยเดช มหาราช มหิตลาธิเบศรรามาธิบดี จักรีนฤบดินทร สยามินทราธิราช บรมนาถบพิตร or Phra Phatthara the Great พระภัทรมหาราช | 5 December 1927 3rd child (2nd son) of Mahidol Adulyadej and Princess Srinagarindra | 9 June 1946 (5 May 1950) | 13 October 2016 (70 years, 126 days) (88 years old) | 13 October 2016 (70 years, 126 days) (88 years old) | Younger brother of Rama VIIIGrandson of Rama VUnder regency from 1946 to 1949Longest-reigning Thai monarch and third longest-reigning monarch in history | Younger brother of Rama VIIIGrandson of Rama VUnder regency from 1946 to 1949Longest-reigning Thai monarch and third longest-reigning monarch in history |
| 10 | Rama X พระรามที่ ๑๐ (รัชกาลที่ ๑๐) | Phrabat Somdet Phra Poramenthra Ramathibodi Sisinthara Maha Vajiralongkorn Phra Wachiraklao Chao Yu Hua พระบาทสมเด็จพระปรเมนทรรามาธิบดีศรีสินทรมหาวชิราลงกรณ พระวชิรเกล้าเจ้าอยู่หัว | 28 July 1952 2nd child (only son) of Rama IX and Queen Sirikit | 13 October 2016 (4 May 2019) | Incumbent (8 years, 152 days) (72 years old) | Incumbent (8 years, 152 days) (72 years old) | Son of Rama IX | Son of Rama IX |

## Family tree of the Thai monarchs

* Family tree of the kings of Siam/Thailand

## Used regnal names

| Name | Last holder | Last holder | Next numerical order |
| Name | Image | Name | Next numerical order |
| Rama | | Rama X พระรามที่ ๑๐ (รัชกาลที่ ๑๐) | Rama XI |
| Ramathibodi | | Somdet Phra Ramathibodi IV สมเด็จพระรามาธิบดีที่ ๔ (Rama I's original regnal name) | Ramathibodi V |
| Sanphet | | Somdet Phra Sanphet X สมเด็จพระสรรเพชญ์ที่ ๑๐ | Sanphet XI |
| Borommaracha | | Somdet Phra Borommaracha III สมเด็จพระบรมราชาที่ ๓ | Borommaracha IV |
| Borommarachathirat | | Somdet Phra Borommarachathirat IV สมเด็จพระบรมราชาธิราชที่ ๔ | Borommarachathirat V |
| Maha Thammaracha | | Phra Maha Thammaracha IV พระมหาธรรมราชาที่ ๔ | Maha Thammaracha V |
| Thammarachathirat | | Somdet Phra Maha Thammarachathirat III สมเด็จพระมหาธรรมราชาธิราชที่ ๓ | Thammarachathirat IV |
| Phetracha | | Somdet Phra Phetracha สมเด็จพระเพทราชา | Phetracha II |
| Athittayawong | | Somdet Phra Athittayawong สมเด็จพระอาทิตยวงศ์ | Athittayawong II It is the case that the name Athittayawong was used twice, once as a personal name and once as a regnal name carried over from personal name. In this case, it can be said that King Athittayawong was actually Athittayawong II, and the next in line would be Atthitayawong III. Borommarachathirat IV's personal name was Atthitayawong. Hence, he could be considered Atthitayawong I. |
| Mahintharathirat | | Somdet Phra Mahintharathirat สมเด็จพระมหินทราธิราช | Mahintharathirat II |
| Ratsadathirat | | Somdet Phra Ratsadathirat สมเด็จพระรัษฎาธิราช | Ratsadathirat II |
| Chairachathirat | | Somdet Phra Chairachathirat สมเด็จพระไชยราชาธิราช | Chairachathirat II |
| Yotfa | | Somdet Phra Yotfa สมเด็จพระยอดฟ้า | Yotfa II |
| Worawongsathirat | | Khun Worawongsathirat ขุนวรวงศาธิราช | Worawongsathirat II |
| Maha Chakkraphat | | Somdet Phra Maha Chakkraphat สมเด็จพระมหาจักรพรรดิ | Maha Chakkraphat II |
| Intharachathirat | | Somdet Phra Intharachathirat สมเด็จพระนครินทราธิราช | Intharachathirat II |
| Borommatrailokkanat | | Somdet Phra Borommatrailokkanat สมเด็จพระบรมไตรโลกนาถ | Borommatrailokkanat II |
| Ramesuan | | Somdet Phra Ramesuan สมเด็จพระราเมศวร | Ramesuan II It is the case that the name Ramesuan was used twice, once as a personal name and once as a regnal name. In this case, it can be said that King Ramesuan was actually Ramesuan I. Borommatrailokkanat's personal name was Ramesuan. Hence, he could be considered Ramesuan II. |
| Ramrachathirat | | Somdet Phra Ramrachathirat สมเด็จพระรามราชาธิราช | Ramrachathirat II |
| Thong Lan | | Somdet Phra Chao Thong Lan สมเด็จพระเจ้าทองลัน | Thong Lan II |
| Loe Thai | | Phraya Loe Thai พระยาเลอไทย | Loe Thai II |
| Ngua Nam Thum | | Phraya Ngua Nam Thum พระยางั่วนำถุม | Ngua Nam Thum II |
| Rammarat | | Phrabat Kamonteng Ansi Rammarat พระบาทกมรเตงอัญศรีรามราช | Rammarat II |
| Ban Meuang | | Pho Khun Ban Mueang พ่อขุนบานเมือง | Ban Mueang II |
| Inthrabodinthrathit | | Kamonteng Ansi Inthrabodinthrathit กมรเตงอัญศรีอินทรบดินทราทิตย์ | Inthrabodinthrathit II |