OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Andreas Albrecht (cosmologist)

Andreas J. Albrecht is a theoretical physicist and cosmologist who is a professor and chair of the physics department at the University of California, Davis. He is one of the founders of inflationary cosmology and studies the formation of the early universe, cosmic structure, and dark energy.

## Life and career

Albrecht graduated in 1979 from Cornell University and was awarded a doctorate in 1983 at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia on cosmology. His thesis advisor was Paul Steinhardt.
He later carried out post-doctoral research at University of Texas, Austin and at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Albrecht later worked at Fermilab from 1987 to 1992 and subsequently taught at Imperial College, London from 1992 to 1998.
Albrecht is a Fellow of the American Physical Society and Fellow of the Institute of Physics (UK).

## Work

Together with his thesis advisor, Albrecht developed New Inflation, solving the bubble collision problem of Alan Guth's original model of inflation. Later, Albrecht studied the observable effects of cosmic topological defects, contributing to ruling out cosmic strings as the dominant mechanism for structure formation.
Along with João Magueijo, Albrecht independently proposed a model of varying speed of light cosmology which posits that the speed of light in the early universe was a trillion times faster in order to explain the horizon problem of cosmology.
In the 21st century, Albrecht worked on quantum mechanics, as well as probability and quantum theory.
# Sun Valley Magazine

Sun Valley Magazine is a biannual local interest and lifestyle magazine headquartered in Hailey, Idaho which was established in 1973.

## History and profile

The magazine was launched in 1973. Michael Riedel was the owner of the magazine, and Laurie Sammis was the editor of the magazine between 1990 and 1993. Earls Communications acquired the magazine in 1993 and combined it with Valley Magazine. NW Publishing Group owned the magazine until December 2000 when Valley Publishing led by Laurie Sammis bought it. Since then Laurie Sammis has been owner and publisher of the magazine. The frequency of Sun Valley Magazine is biannual.
The magazine covers life in the area of Sun Valley, Idaho, including arts, food and drink, health and adventure. As Sun Valley is a town for outdoor recreation, Sun Valley Magazine's adventure section primarily focuses on the recreational activities in the region, such as skiing, hiking and mountain biking. Sun Valley Magazine also features articles on income-generating activities in Hailey, Idaho, such as beekeeping.
# Vixen (stock character)

A vixen ( also known as Hot Wife) is usually a stereotype of women as mysterious, racy, salacious, and seductive. It is used as an archetype and stock character in literature and art. Vixens are commonly identified with dark hair and makeup, their sex appeal, and seductress personas.
# Love and Violence

Love and Violence is the second extended play by Australian band The Superjesus, and first set of new recordings from the band since Rock Music in 2003.
Lead singer Sarah McLeod explained the title "Fire and passion, love and war, heaven and hell… These words always seem to go hand in hand, you can't have one without the other. Deep emotional relationships run the risk of deep emotional pain. Human nature is funny like that. Love and Violence is about looking at the oddity of emotional extremities and celebrating the immeasurable depth of human connection."

## Background

The Superjesus are an Australian rock band, who released three studio albums between 1998 and 2003 with EastWest Records/Warner Music Australia before splitting in 2004.
The band re-formed in 2013 with McLeod telling Northern Star "We only got back together in 2013 because our drummer (Paul Berryman) came back to Australia from Seattle, so we [bass player Stuart Rudd and lead singer McLeod] thought we could play one single show, see how the crowd responded and, more importantly, how we responded to each other and see if we had some musical chemistry together. The one show was better than we had hoped, crowd-wise and for ourselves." In mid-2015, co-headlined the She Who Rocks Tour with the Baby Animals, lead singer Suze DeMarchi. In June 2015, the band announced they'd signed with Social Family Records and released "The Setting Sun", their first single in over a decade. The band said "The band’s amped to be back in the game with new material, it’s been a long time coming." "St Peter's Lane" was released in November 2015 and in July 2016, the EP was announced alongside a 6-date tour.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| The Music AU | |
Ross Clelland from The Music AU gave the EP 3.5 out of 5 saying "Unlike many of their contemporaries, The Superjesus brand name retains a lot of goodwill. That pretty much comes down to Sarah McLeod's energiser bunny enthusiasm and energy, and her neat trick of displaying a little vulnerability among the rock-chick swagger — even as the guitars divebomb around." adding "Her parallel solo singer-songwriter work has developed her lyricism, but when the live version of "Come Back to Me" kicks in, you know they can still do the big swinging rock thing when required."
Tone Deaf said "It's the first record from the ARIA-winning outfit since their reformation in 2013 after a decade-long break, and the band haven’t lost any of the melodic punch."

## Tour

A 6-date tour was announced in July 2016.
| Date | Location | Venue |
| 7 October 2016 | Sydney | Oxford Art Factory |
| 8 October 2016 | Newcastle | Cambridge Hotel |
| 14 October 2016 | Melbourne | The Corner Hotel |
| 15 October 2016 | Adelaide | Fowlers |
| 28 October 2016 | Byron Bay | The Northern |
| 29 October 2016 | Brisbane | Wolly Mammoth |

## Release history

| Country | Date | Format | Label | Catalogue |
| Australia | 12 August 2016 | digital download, streaming, CD | Golden Robot Records / Social Family Records | GOLDRR007 |
# G'd Up

"G'd Up" is a song by American Gangsta rap group Tha Eastsidaz, featuring vocals from American singer Butch Cassidy. was released on December 7, 1999 as the first single of his self-titled debut album, with the record labels; Doggystyle Records and TVT Records. The song was produced by Battlecat.

## Commercial performance

The song became a moderate crossover hit, peaking at number 47 on the Billboard Hot 100, while finding better success on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart and Rap Songs chart, peaking at 19 and 2 respectively.

## Music video

The music video was released in December 1999.

## Track listing

* Vinyl
* "G'd Up" (Street) - 4:34
* "G'd Up" (Clean) - 4:33
* "G'd Up" (Instrumental) - 4:32
* "G'd Up" (Acapella) - 4:08
* CD Single
* "G'd Up" (Radio) - 4:33
* "G'd Up" (Instrumental) - 4:32
# Lester Andrews

William Lester Self Andrews is an American chemist who makes contributions to the ongoing development of quantum chemistry of metallic complexes. He is the Professor Emeritus of Chemistry at the University of Virginia. He won the Earle K. Plyler Prize for Molecular Spectroscopy in 2010 for "vibrational spectroscopy in cryogenic matrices that combined with quantum calculations, has led to the identification and characterization of many molecules, ions, and complexes across the periodic table".
He was born in Lincolnton, North Carolina. His first degree was in chemical engineering at Mississippi State University in 1963 and his doctorate was in physical chemistry at Berkeley in 1966.
# Oakdene (Staunton, Virginia)

Oakdene is a historic home located at Staunton, Virginia. It was built in 1893, and is a large 2+1⁄2-story, Queen Anne style frame dwelling with an irregular plan. It has a great variety of textures and materials, and features a carved entrance porch, a central turret with a chimney up the middle two sun porches, several tall chimneys with elaborately corbelled caps and decorative brickwork, and a turret with a conical roof. The main roof is of slate and is composed of both hipped and gabled elements. Oakdene was built for Edward Echols, who served as lieutenant governor of Virginia from 1898 to 1902 and was president of the local National Valley Bank. His father General John Echols died at Oakdene in 1896.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. It is located in the Gospel Hill Historic District.
# Bear Inn, Cowbridge

The Bear Inn, today known as The Bear Hotel, is an inn on Cowbridge High Street in Cowbridge, Vale of Glamorgan, south Wales. The block stone building has a blue plaque on the front, marking its historical significance. It became a Grade II listed building on 12 May 1963.
The inn is dated to the medieval period, around the 12th century. It was once probably a three-unit, lateral chimney, hall-house, later converted into a storeyed house. It has undergone much alteration over the years, and little remains of the original except the fireplaces, one of which is in poor condition. The fireplace lintels of carved stone are notable. The hall fireplace has two shields, one bearing a reversed lion rampant and the other a trefoil. The hall contains heavy ceiling beams, dated to the late 16th century. The plastered ceiling in the inner room is dated to the early 18th century. On the first floor there are plain-chamfered ceiling beams and roof trusses, although this is obscured. In the 18th century the first floor was converted into an assembly room, and subsequently the High Sheriff for the county often met with noblemen of the county at the Bear Inn. The Glamorganshire Agricultural Society was established in 1772 at the inn. In this era, the inn served as a stopping point for those in need of changing horses, while other similar establishments, such as the Cowbridge Arms, Royal Oak, and Spread Eagle did not offer such a service. The northern side of the house once had wing attached to it during the medieval period but this no longer exists. In the early 19th century, Christopher Bradley was succeeded by Michael Glover as inn host. In the early 20th century, the county Court occasionally sat at the Bear Inn when it had such needs in Cowbridge. Nearby is the Cowbridge Grammar School.
# Anthurium schlechtendalii

Anthurium schlechtendalii, also known as pheasant's tail or cola de faisán in Spanish, is a broad-leafed plant used for multiple medicinal purposes, including muscle and joint sprains, back pain, arthritis and rheumatism.

## Description

Anthurium schlechtendalii is found from Mexico to Costa Rica. It is a large herbaceous plant with white aerial roots, dark green leaves, and a dark purple bract. Its fruits have a similar appearance to small red berries when ripe. A. schlechtendalii lives in wet forests, rocky hillsides or outcrops on trees.
A. schlechtenalii has a long, slender brown spadix that grows to about 70 centimetres (28 in) long. The spadix produces small flowers which, after being fertilized, develop into red berry-like fruits. The genus Anthurium has about 500 species, some are used as medicinal species meanwhile others are used as ornaments. The name Anthurium comes from classical Greek which translates to 'tail flower.' This species originated from Peru, Mexico, Bolivia, and Brazil.

## Treatment methods

For most treatments, three leaves of the plant are plucked, boiled in 2 gallons of water for 10 minutes, and used in a warm bath.
Local healers say that the cola de faisan can be used on swollen tonsils; for this the treatment the leaves are mashed with oil, heated, and placed on the neck two times a day. For cramps, muscle spasms or paralysis, the affected area is covered with a blanket and placed over the steam of the boiling decoction. To reduce swelling and inflammation, such as swollen breasts, back pain or joint pain, the leaves are mashed and applied to the affected area. The poultice "will stick to the affected part and can be worn all day".
For back pain or muscle spams, the center vein of the leaf is mashed and applied to the affected area, and a hot water bottle is placed over it for one hour. For urinary infection, roots of A. schlechtendalii are retrieved and boiled in 3 cups (~720 mL) of water for 10 minutes; then sips of the liquid are taken for 24 hours until the condition has improved.
The species is also used as a chilillo (when a dog is out of control): a handful of the roots is boiled in one quart of water for 10 minutes. 1⁄2 US pint (0.24 L) of the liquid is then fed to the dog three times a day until symptoms abate.
# Perry Heights, Ohio

Perry Heights is a census-designated place in Stark County, Ohio, United States. The population was 8,391 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Canton–Massillon metropolitan area.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 3.0 square miles (7.8 km$^2$), of which 2.9 square miles (7.5 km$^2$) is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km$^2$) (1.35%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 8,900 people, 3,545 households, and 2,456 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 3,050.9 inhabitants per square mile (1,178.0/km$^2$). There were 3,674 housing units at an average density of 1,259.4 per square mile (486.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 95.17% White, 2.78% African American, 0.31% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.57% from other races, and 0.93% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.44% of the population.
There were 3,545 households, out of which 31.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.4% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.7% were non-families. 25.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.93.
In the CDP the population was spread out, with 23.2% under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 24.5% from 45 to 64, and 16.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 91.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.8 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $41,674, and the median income for a family was $47,423. Males had a median income of $37,028 versus $23,054 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $20,333. About 5.1% of families and 6.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.9% of those under age 18 and 4.0% of those age 65 or over.
# Gave It All Away

"Gave It All Away" is a song performed by Irish boyband Boyzone, released as the lead single from their fourth studio album, Brother, on 1 March 2010. It was their first single released following the death of member Stephen Gately, whose vocals appear in the song. It has sold 150,000 copies worldwide.

## Background

The song was written for the band by British singer-songwriter Mika, and was originally intended as the group's comeback single in September 2008, but Mika decided against its release for unknown reasons. As such, the song features lead vocals from Ronan Keating and Stephen Gately. After Gately's death in October 2009, Mika contacted the band and asked if they wished to release the song as a tribute to Gately. He said: "I was shocked and saddened when to hear about Stephen's passing. He touched so many people's lives both with his music and with his wonderful personality. It's an honour to hear him sing my song. I wish all the best to the rest of the boys. I'm proud of the song and proud of their version". The song received its first airplay on 17 January 2010 on Keating's radio show on Magic Radio.

## Music video

The music video for "Gave It All Away" premiered a week after its release, on 8 March 2010, at a total length of three minutes and forty seven seconds. The video is a tribute to the late Stephen Gately, and features footage from his time in the band and previously unseen footage from his personal life. The video revolves around the four remaining band members reminiscing about Stephen and mourning his passing. The video has received over three million views on YouTube.

## Chart performance

"Gave It All Away" reached No. 1 on the Irish Singles Chart, knocking Jedward's "Under Pressure (Ice Ice Baby)" from the top spot. On 7 March 2010, "Gave It All Away" debuted on the UK Singles Chart at No. 9, marking Boyzone's eighteenth UK Top 10 hit. The single spent only one week in the Top 10, as it fell to No. 20 the following week. On its third week in the chart, the single fell a further nine places to No. 29. However, following a performance from the band on Boyzone: A Tribute to Stephen Gately, broadcast on ITV1 to an audience of 8.12 million, the track entered the top 10 once again at No. 10. In the UK, first week sales were at 60,000, overall it has sold 130,000 copies in the UK. On Sunday 10 October, Boyzone sang the song live on Australian X Factor. The following week, it debuted on the Australian ARIA chart at No. 42.

## Track listing

* Digital download
* "Gave It All Away" - 4:30
* "Gave It All Away" (Music Video) - 3:47
* CD single
* "Gave It All Away" – 4:30
* "I Love The Way You Love Me" (Live on The Reunion Tour) – 4:01

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format |
| Ireland | 1 March 2010 | CD single, digital download |
| United Kingdom | 1 March 2010 | CD single, digital download |
# Summit (magazine)

Summit was America's first monthly climbing and mountaineering magazine, founded in 1955. It is currently published biannually under the name Summit Journal.

## History

Summit was founded in November, 1955 by Jene Crenshaw and Helen Kilness in Big Bear City, California. Under the leadership of Crenshaw and Kilness the magazine became very influential in US climbing circles and ran until 1989. Editors included Royal Robbins and David Roberts. Robbins' article "Nuts to You," in the May 1967 issue (Vol. 13, Issue 4), helped introduce clean-climbing techniques in the United States.
In 1990 a new owner David Swanson started Summit - The Mountain Journal, a quarterly publication with editor John Harlin III which ran until the summer of 1996.
In 2023, Michael Levy acquired the rights and announced that the title would relaunch in 2024 as Summit Journal.
# Oakland (Gallatin, Tennessee)

Oakland is a historic mansion on a farm in Gallatin, Tennessee, U.S.. It was built circa 1850 by John Fontville, who also built the James B. Jameson House in Gallatin and Greenfield in Castalian Springs. The original owner, Daniel Wade Mentlo, was a physician who owned 23 slaves in 1850.
The house was designed in the Federal architectural style, with Greek Revival features. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since October 2, 1992.
# Renton Laidlaw

Henry Renton Laidlaw (6 July 1939 – 12 October 2021) was a British golf broadcaster and journalist.

## Biography

Laidlaw was born in Morningside, Edinburgh in July 1939. He started working as a copytaker, compiling sports results. Laidlaw then moved to the Edinburgh Evening News, working for five years as a junior reporter, before becoming a golf writer in 1962. He then moved into television and radio, becoming one of the best recognised commentators in the sport. He also presented Sport on 2 and Sports Report between 1985 and 1987.
Laidlaw retired in 2015 and latterly lived in Drumoig, near Pickletillum, Fife with his sister. He died in Ninewells Hospital, Dundee on 12 October 2021, at the age of 82. Two days before his death, Laidlaw had tested positive for COVID-19 amid the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom.
# Love Aur Rajneeti

Love Aur Rajneeti (transl. 'Love and politics') is an Indian Bhojpuri-language action film directed by Harsh Anand and produced by Asha Devi through "Orio Media Pvt Ltd".
Ravi Kishan and Anjana Singh are in lead roles. and Awadhesh Mishra, Brijesh Tripathi and Manoj Pandit in supporting roles.
The Music of the film was released by SRK Media Entertainment in 2015.
Anjana Singh and Ravi Kishan had worked together previously. She made her debut opposite Ravi Kishan in 'Foulaad' in 2011.
In Love Aur Rajneeti, Anjana is seen playing the role of a politician in the film.. The story depicts her struggle from a poor and humble beginning to a rising political star destined to fulfill the dreams of her people.
The film has been a major boxoffice hit and had a bumper opening, The film released on 15 January 2016.

## Cast

* Ravi Kishan
* Anjana Singh
* Brijesh Tripathi

## Soundtrack

The soundtrack for Love Aur Rajneeti was composed by Lovely Sharma with lyrics written by Akhilesh Pandey. It was produced under the "SRK Music" label.
# Walter Gordy

Walter Gordy, (April 20, 1909 – October 6, 1985) was an American physicist best known for his experimental work in microwave spectroscopy. His laboratory at Duke University became a center for research in this field, and he authored one of the definitive books on the field.

## Career

Gordy began college at Clarke Memorial Junior College in 1929. He enrolled in Mississippi College in 1930 and completed his bachelor's degree in 1932. He then began graduate work at the University of North Carolina where he received a M.A. in 1933 and a Ph.D. in 1935. Gordy's doctoral research in infrared spectroscopy was carried out under Earle K. Plyler.
From 1935 to 1941 Gordy taught at Mary Hardin-Baylor College where he was an associate professor of physics and mathematics. During this time he pursued his research interests, spectroscopic studies of hydrogen bonding, through summer research work at the University of North Carolina and Ohio State University. In 1941, Gordy was awarded a National Research Fellowship for this work. He used the fellowship to move to the California Institute of Technology and work with Linus Pauling. The advent of World War II cut this fellowship short. In 1942 Gordy joined the MIT Radiation Laboratory where he worked on the development of microwave radar. Gordy's work with microwave technology during this time led him to focus his subsequent spectroscopic research efforts on microwave spectroscopy. He joined the physics department at Duke University in 1946 and established a research group centered on microwave and millimeter-wave spectroscopy. He achieved the university's highest rank, James B. Duke Professor, in 1958 and continued at Duke until his retirement in 1979.

## Books and publications
### Theses

* Gordy, Walter (1933). The effect of an electric field on the infrared absorption of molecules. OCLC 39100788.
* Gordy, Walter (1935). The infrared absorption of solutions of hydroxides and hydrolyzing salts. OCLC 39100789.

### Journal articles

* Gordy, Walter; Stanford, Spencer C. (1940). "Spectroscopic Evidence for Hydrogen Bonds: SH, NH and NH2 Compounds". Journal of the American Chemical Society. 62 (3): 497. doi:10.1021/ja01860a011.

### Books

* Gordy, Walter (1980). Theory and Applications of Electron Spin Resonance. New York, New York: Wiley. ISBN 9780471931621. OCLC 4857854.
* Gordy, Walter; Cook, Robert L. (1984). Microwave Molecular Spectra. Wiley. ISBN 9780471086819. OCLC 70849404.
* Gordy, Walter; Smith, William V.; Trambarulo, Ralph F. (1953). Microwave Spectroscopy. New York, New York: Wiley. OCLC 1302419.