# Allama Iqbal International Airport

Allama Iqbal International Airport (Punjabi, Urdu: علامہ اقبال بین الاقوامی/انترراشٹری ہوائی اڈا, IATA: LHE, ICAO: OPLA) is the third largest civilian airport by traffic in Pakistan, after Jinnah International Airport, Karachi and Islamabad International Airport. It serves Lahore, capital of Punjab and second-largest city of Pakistan. It also serves a large portion of the travellers from the other regions of Punjab province. Originally known as Lahore International Airport, it was renamed after the visionary poet and philosopher Dr. Allama Iqbal, one of the pioneers that led to the creation of Pakistan. The airport has three terminals: the Allama Iqbal terminal, the Hajj terminal and a cargo terminal. The airport is about 15 km from the centre of the city.

## History
### Post independence

At the time of the Independence of Pakistan, Walton Airport was the main airport serving the city of Lahore. When Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) acquired its first jet aircraft, the Boeing 720, Walton Airport was unequipped to handle such an aircraft. The Government of Pakistan decided to build a brand new airport, which opened in 1962. The airport had a specifically built runway and apron to handle aircraft up to the Boeing 747. This enabled Lahore to become accessible by international flights. PIA initiated direct flights to both Dubai, and London via Karachi.

### Expansion
#### New airport

Over the course of the next 25 years, the demand for air travel rose. The government had to build a bigger terminal to meet the growing needs of the region. In March 2003, a new terminal was inaugurated by President General Pervez Musharraf, originally commissioned by then ex-Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. The airport was named Allama Iqbal International Airport and became the second largest airport in Pakistan after the Jinnah International Airport in Karachi. All flights were switched to the new airport and the old airport was passed onto the military. However, the government later reclaimed the airport from the military and developed it into a Hajj terminal.
The Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority awarded the main contract to Airsys ATM, leader of a consortium with J&P Overseas Ltd, an international building and civil engineering contractor. Airsys ATM is a joint project from Thomson-CSF Airsys and Siemens, dedicated to air traffic management systems and airport development. The Airports Group in the UK was also awarded a $70 million contract for airport systems construction. The project was implemented by a consortium of Joannou & Paraskevaides (J&P), responsible for civil and building works, and the Airports Group, responsible for the implementation of the system. Airsys ATM and Thales ATM were responsible for the fabrication and installation of the air bridges at the new terminal.
In March 2006, PIA inaugurated nonstop service between Lahore and Toronto using Boeing 777s. In 2008, the national flag carrier of the UAE, Etihad Airways, opened a dedicated aircraft line maintenance facility at the airport. The facility is used for day-to-day technical line maintenance on Etihad aircraft, including hydraulic structural and instrument checks.
In October 2020, British Airways has resumed its direct flight operations to and from Lahore after 44 years.

#### Future plans

Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority (PCAA) has planned the expansion of the terminal building and the number of gates will be increased from 7 to 22, with a corresponding increase in remote bays. This will increase the annual passenger capacity of Lahore Airport from 6 million to 20 million which will be sufficient to cater to the passenger load for the next 15 to 20 years.
The new design of the Lahore Airport Expansion Project has inspiration from the national flower of Pakistan, Jasmine or locally known as "Chambeli". The airport will have four arms similar to four platters of jasmine flower. The original building has Mughal architectural features but the new airport will have a blend of Spanish and Mughal architecture.
Gates in the main terminal building will be increased from seven to 22. The present terminal building will not be demolished but will be expanded. The current parking area will be converted to arrival and departure lounges. The first phase that included the construction of the triple storey parking, in place of the front square lawn, has been complete and is now fully operational. The second phase which includes the upgradation of the main runway is underway.
The design of the airport was developed by GilBartolomé Architects from Spain, following a contract awarded to international Spanish Firm, TYSPA International, which firm also worked on expanding the Madrid and São Paulo Airports. A Chinese firm, the China Construction Third Engineering Bureau, has been awarded the contract, worth US$382 million (RMB 2.6 billion CNY), to carry out the construction work. During the expansion of the airport, nearby road network has also been improved, which has helped to ease traffic congestion on the roads leading to the terminal.

## Structure

LHE is fitted with all the essentials for domestic and international flights. The information below is correct as of September 2020.

### Apron

* 7 air bridges with PSS & APSS facilities
* 23 remote parking stands

### Runway

* Two parallel runways: one concrete, the other asphalt
* Primary Runway 36R/18L: 3,360 metres long, 45 metres wide, 15 metres shoulders on both sides. Max. capacity: Airbus A380.
* Secondary Runway 36L/18R: 2,743 metres long, 46 metres wide. Max. capacity: Boeing 747-400.
* Parallel taxiway for rapid entry/exit
* 2 rapid exit taxiways (newly constructed)
* Instrument Landing System Category-II and ILS CAT-III on RWY 36R.
* Navigational aids: DVOR/DME/TDME, NDB, OM, MM

### Airport services

* Pakistan State Oil provides fuel services to all airlines flying out of the airport (Jet A-100).
* Fire fighting and Rescue Services. Category: 9.
* FIDS systems located in the lounges and briefing concourses showing television programmes and flight information
* Airport Mosque, with five times daily and Jummah prayers, located outside the airport on the left-hand side of the terminal building
* CAA Porter services and Metro cab services are available.
* Customs and Immigration for international flights
* Cargo and luggage wrapping services
* Passenger assistance services (upon request)
* Full-service branches of National Bank of Pakistan, Habib Bank Ltd, Bank Al-Falah, and Allied Bank Ltd. along with ATMs
* Pakistan Post fully-staffed location

### Ground handling agents

* Pakistan International Airlines
* Shaheen Airport Services (SAPS)
* Gerry's DNATA Ground Handling & Cargo

## Airlines and destinations
### Passenger

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Air Arabia | Ras Al Khaimah |
| Airblue | Abu Dhabi, Dubai–International, Jeddah, Karachi, Riyadh, Sharjah, Skardu (Begins 30 March 2025) |
| AirSial | Dammam, Jeddah, Karachi, Muscat |
| Azerbaijan Airlines | Baku |
| Batik Air Malaysia | Kuala Lumpur–International |
| Cham Wings Airlines | Damascus |
| China Southern Airlines | Guangzhou |
| Emirates | Dubai–International |
| Etihad Airways | Abu Dhabi |
| Flydubai | Dubai–International |
| Fly Jinnah | Bahrain (begins 26 March 2025), Dammam, Jeddah, Karachi, Muscat (begins 2 April 2025), Riyadh, Sharjah |
| Flynas | Jeddah, Riyadh |
| Gulf Air | Bahrain |
| Jazeera Airways | Kuwait City |
| Kuwait Airways | Kuwait City |
| Mahan Air | Tehran–Imam Khomeini |
| Pakistan International Airlines | Abu Dhabi, Bahawalpur, Bahrain, Dammam, Doha, Dubai–International, Jeddah, Kuwait City, Karachi, Kuala Lumpur–International, Medina, Muscat, Quetta, Riyadh, Skardu, Toronto–Pearson |
| Qatar Airways | Doha |
| SalamAir | Muscat |
| Saudia | Jeddah, Riyadh |
| Serene Air | Dubai–International, Jeddah, Karachi, Quetta, Sharjah |
| SriLankan Airlines | Colombo–Bandaranaike |
| Taban Air | Mashhad |
| Thai Airways International | Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi |
| Turkish Airlines | Istanbul |
| Uzbekistan Airways | Tashkent |

### Cargo

| Airlines | Destinations |
| DHL Aviation | Abu Dhabi, Bagram, Bahrain |
| Egyptair Cargo | Cairo |
| FitsAir | Colombo–Bandaranaike |
| Maximus Air Cargo | Abu Dhabi, Dubai–International |
| MNG Airlines | Abu Dhabi, Kabul |
| Qatar Cargo | Doha |
| SF Airlines | Ezhou |
| SriLankan Cargo | Colombo–Bandaranaike |
| TCS Couriers | Dubai–International, Karachi |
| Turkish Cargo | Istanbul |
| Uzbekistan Airways | Tashkent |
| YTO Cargo Airlines | Guangzhou, Kunming, Lanzhou |

## Statistics

The following table provides details of the major traffic flows out of Lahore in terms of passenger numbers, aircraft movements, cargo and mail. Note that the Civil Aviation Authority of Pakistan operates with fiscal years starting on July and ending in June of next year. The results were collected from the Civil Aviation Authority of Pakistan website.:
| Fiscal year | Aircraft movements | Passengers (intl & domestic) | Cargo handled (m. tons) | Mail handled (m. tons) |
| 2006 | 30,991 | 2,779,223 | 66,643 | 1,582 |
| 2007 | 29,298 | 3,018,220 | 75,816 | 1,713 |
| 2008 | 30,299 | 3,217,844 | 76,030 | 1,113 |
| 2009 | 24,804 | 3,506,262 | 84,798 | 1,739 |
| 2010 | 31,093 | 3,459,211 | 80,308 | 1,449 |
| 2011 | 30,592 | 3,680,436 | 77,057 | 1,544 |
| 2012 | 31,498 | 4,122,009 | 91,015 | 1,121 |
| 2013 | 29,942 | 4,529,682 | 89,376 | 1,348 |
| 2014 | 29,896 | 4,606,767 | 83,715 | 250 |
| 2015 | 34,619 | 4,876,129 | 88,750 | 239 |
| 2016 | 38,924 | 4,989,462 | 98,254 | 302 |
| 2017 | 39,228 | 5,031,857 | 105,019 | 261 |
| 2018 | 32,304 | 4,490,182 | 87,969 | 190 |
Busiest routes at Allama Iqbal International Airport (by number of flights weekly) :
| Rank | City | Country | Number of flights | Airlines |
| 1 | Karachi | Pakistan | 69 | airblue, AirSial, Fly Jinnah, Pakistan International Airlines, SereneAir |
| 2 | Jeddah | Saudi Arabia | 50 | airblue, AirSial, Fly Jinnah, Flynas, Pakistan International Airlines, Saudia, SereneAir |
| 3 | Dubai | United Arab Emirates | 42 | airblue, Emirates, Flydubai, Pakistan International Airlines, SereneAir |
| 4 | Riyadh | Saudi Arabia | 19 | airblue, Fly Jinnah, flynas, Pakistan International Airlines, Saudia |
| 5 | Sharjah | United Arab Emirates | 18 | airblue, Fly Jinnah |
| 6 | Abu Dhabi | United Arab Emirates | 17 | airblue, Etihad Airways, Pakistan International Airlines |
| 7 | Doha | Qatar | 16 | Qatar Airways, Pakistan International Airlines |
| 8 | Dammam | Saudi Arabia | 12 | AirSial, Fly Jinnah, flynas, Pakistan International Airlines |
| 9 | Istanbul | Turkey | 11 | Turkish Airlines, Pakistan International Airlines |
| 10 | Kuala Lumpur | Malaysia | 8 | Batik Air, Pakistan International Airlines |

## Awards and recognitions

* Allama Iqbal International Airport was ranked the world's leading airport by Singapore Airlines in service performance in 2006.

## Accidents

On January 17, 2025, an international Airbus A320 operated by Pakistan International Airlines landed on the secondary runway 36L, despite being cleared to land on the primary runway 36R. The lights on runway 36L were even turned off. The cockpit crew was immediately grounded by the airline. The flight, originally scheduled from Dammam to Multan, had been diverted to Lahore due to low visibility in Multan
On March 13 2025, an Airbus A320 operated by Pakistan International Airlines landed at Lahore International Airport with a missing wheel raising serious issues about pre flight checks.