# Southern Railway 722

Southern Railway 722 is a Ks-1 class 2-8-0 "Consolidation" type steam locomotive built in September 1904 by the Baldwin Locomotive Works to run on the Murphy Branch, where it hauled freight trains between Asheville and Murphy, North Carolina for the Southern Railway (SOU). In 1952, it was purchased by the East Tennessee and Western North Carolina Railroad (ET&WNC), alongside its sister locomotive No. 630, where they were served as switchers around Johnson City and Elizabethton, Tennessee.
In 1967, Nos. 722 and 630 were both traded back to the SOU for use in their steam excursion program until 1980, when they were sent to the Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum (TVRM) in Chattanooga, Tennessee to make way for larger steam locomotives haul the longer and heavier excursion trains. In late 1985, No. 722 was taken out of service and was eventually purchased by the Great Smoky Mountains Railroad (GSMR) in late 2000, where it is currently being restored to operating condition, anticipated to be completed around 2026.

## History
### Revenue service

No. 722 was built in September 1904 by the Baldwin Locomotive Works for the Southern Railway (SOU), originally as a K class 2-8-0 Consolidation type with Stephenson valve gear, sliding valves, alligator crossheads, and a saturated boiler. No. 722 was assigned to work on SOU's Murphy Branch, where it was primarily used to haul freight trains between Asheville and Murphy, North Carolina. In the 1910s, the locomotive was upgraded with Southern valve gear, piston valves, and superheaters, which reclassified No. 722 as a "Ks" type. In the 1920s, it had more upgrades added such as new cylinders and valve assemblies, which allow the locomotive to develop 46,700 lb (21,200 kg) of tractive effort and reclassified again as a "Ks-1" type. During the 1940s, No. 722 was re-equipped with multiple-bearing crossheads.
In August 1952, No. 722 was retired from revenue service after it pulled the last steam-powered freight train on the Murphy Branch. Three months later, No. 722 and sister locomotive No. 630 were both purchased by the East Tennessee and Western North Carolina Railroad (ET&WNC), where they were served as switchers in Johnson City and Elizabethton, Tennessee. After ET&WNC's acquirement, Nos. 722 and 630 were renumbered to Nos. 208 and 207, respectively, while their tender coal bunker were cut down to give the engineer a clear view during numerous switching moves and reverse operation. In 1962, No. 208 traveled to Knoxville, Tennessee, where it was filmed in a cameo appearance for the 1963 film All the Way Home.

### Southern excursion service

On December 8, 1967, No. 208 (No. 722) and No. 207 (No. 630) were both traded back to the SOU for use in their steam excursion program in return for a pair of former Central of Georgia ALCO RS-3s. While they retrieved their old numbers, No. 722 had a cracked firebox, but No. 630 was in better condition, and has been given minor repairs as it began excursion service in February 1968.
Two years later, No. 722 had its firebox repaired and was given a brand new paint scheme of SOU's Virginian green with gold linings to match the fellow excursion locomotive No. 4501. The No. 722 locomotive made its first public excursion debut in September 1970 with Nos. 630 and 4501 for the National Railway Historical Society (NRHS) convention in Charleston, South Carolina.
In May 1979, SOU loaned No. 722 to the Wilmington and Western Railroad (WWRC) to operate on their Wilmington and Northern Branch line in Wilmington, Delaware. In September 1980, SOU loaned the locomotive again to the Tennessee Valley Railroad Museum (TVRM) in Chattanooga, Tennessee along with No. 630 to make way for larger steam locomotives such as Canadian Pacific 2839, Texas and Pacific 610 and Chesapeake and Ohio 2716 to pull SOU's longer and heavier excursions. While at TVRM, Nos. 722 and 630 were used to pull the short-hauling Missionary Ridge Local excursions.
In November 1985, No. 722 was retired due to its boiler ticket certificate and sat on display at TVRM. In October 1992, Southern's successor, Norfolk Southern (NS) presented the locomotive to the Asheville Chapter of the National Railway Historical Society (NRHS) in Asheville, North Carolina to be on display at the city's Biltmore section. In December 1999, NS sold the Biltmore property for redevelopment and removed No. 722 from its display site to the Asheville roundhouse for storage.

### Restoration

In December 2000, the Great Smoky Mountains Railroad (GSMR), which operates a part of the same Murphy Branch where No. 722 was used in revenue service, purchased the locomotive with the hopes of restoring it to operating condition. However, when No. 722 was being disassembled for restoration work, the plans were halted due to GSMR's other steam locomotive ex-U.S. Army No. 1702 went out of service in 2005, leaving them both remaining disassembled outside the GSMR's workshop area in Dillsboro, North Carolina, exposed to the elements.
In 2012, GSMR announced their plan to restore both Nos. 1702 and 722 to operating condition with the restoration cost estimated at $700,000 for each locomotives. In 2017, a year after No. 1702 was restored back to service, GSMR stated that they put the restoration work of No. 722 on hold, but were still determined to restore it back to operating condition. In late May 2023, GSMR announced that the restoration work of the No. 722 locomotive had continued, anticipated to be completed by 2026. Additionally, No. 722 will be converted from burning coal to oil fuel and will eventually retain its 1970s SOU Virginian green excursion paint scheme once the restoration work is finished. In September 2023, the boiler, driving wheels, and driving boxes were all shipped to the Strasburg Rail Road (SRC) in Strasburg, Pennsylvania for repairs and refurbishment.