# Telecommunications industry

The telecommunications industry within the sector of information and communication technology comprises all telecommunication/telephone companies and Internet service providers, and plays a crucial role in the evolution of mobile communications and the information society.
Telephone calls continue to be the industry's largest revenue generator, but due to advances in network technology, telecom today is less about voice and increasingly about text (messaging, email) and images (e.g. video streaming). High-speed Internet access for computer-based data applications such as broadband information services and interactive entertainment is pervasive. Digital subscriber line (DSL) is the main broadband telecom technology. The fastest growth comes from (value-added) services delivered over mobile networks.
   The telecom sector continues to be at the epicenter for growth, innovation, and disruption for virtually any industry. Mobile devices and related broadband connectivity continue to be more and more embedded in the fabric of society today and they are key in driving the momentum around some key trends such as video streaming, Internet of Things (IoT), and mobile payments.
   Think of telecommunications as the world's biggest machine. Strung together by complex networks, telephones, mobile phones and internet-linked PCs, the global system touches nearly all of us. It allows us to speak, share thoughts and do business with nearly anyone, regardless of where in the world they might be. Telecom operating companies make all this happen.
Insight Research projected that telecommunications services revenue worldwide would grow from $2.2 trillion in 2015 to $2.4 trillion in 2019.

## Market segmentation

Of all the customer markets, residential and small business markets are the toughest. With hundreds of players in the market, competitors rely heavily on price; success rests largely on brand name strength and investment in efficient billing systems. The corporate market remains the industry's favorite. Big corporate customers are concerned mostly about the quality and reliability of their telephone calls and data delivery while being less price-sensitive than residential customers. Multinationals, spend heavily on telecom infrastructure and premium services like high-security private networks and videoconferencing. Network connectivity can also be provided to other telecom companies by wholesaling circuits to heavy network users like internet service providers and large corporations.

### Value chain

2018 share of revenues by segment :
| segment | % share of revenues |
| Infrastructure and platform vendors | 5 |
| Device vendors | 20 |
| Operators | 55 |
| Over-the-top content (OTT), content, advertising services | 10 |
| Retail and distribution | 10 |

## Global players

Top global telecom companies in 2013 :
| Company | Country | Market value ($ Bn) | Revenue | Profit |
| China Mobile | China | 213.8 | 88.8 | 20.5 |
| AT&T | USA | 200.1 | 127.3 | 7.3 |
| Verizon Communications | USA | 137.3 | 115.7 | 0.9 |
| Vodafone | UK | 135.7 | 74.4 | 11.1 |
| América Móvil | Mexico | 70.7 | 60.2 | 7.1 |
| Telefónica | Spain | 67.1 | 82.3 | 5.2 |
| Telstra | Australia | 58.4 | 25.8 | 3.5 |
| Nippon Telegraph & Tel | Japan | 58.2 | 127 | 5.6 |
| Deutsche Telekom | Germany | 48.8 | 76.7 | -7 |
| Softbank | Japan | 47.2 | 38.78 | 3.8 |

## Mergers and acquisitions

Around 24,800 M&A deals have been conducted in the telecommunication industry with either the acquirer or the target company coming from the telecommunications sector. In total over 5.712 bil. USD have been spent on M&A between 1985 and 2018 in this industry. There has only been one big M&A wave around 1999 and 2000. In most other industry there are three waves between 1990 and 2018. Since 1999 deal value shrunk by -90.12% and is expected to stagnate in 2018.
Here is a list of the top ten telecommunication deals in history ranked by volume:
| Date Announced | Acquiror Name | Acquiror Mid Industry | Acquiror Nation | Target Name | Target Mid Industry | Target Nation | Value of Transaction ($mil) |
| 11/14/1999 | Vodafone AirTouch PLC | Wireless | United Kingdom | Mannesmann AG | Wireless | Germany | 202,785.13 |
| 09/02/2013 | Verizon Communications Inc | Telecommunications Services | United States | Verizon Wireless Inc | Wireless | United States | 130,298.32 |
| 03/05/2006 | AT&T Inc | Wireless | United States | BellSouth Corp | Telecommunications Services | United States | 72,671.00 |
| 05/11/1998 | SBC Communications Inc | Telecommunications Services | United States | Ameritech Corp | Telecommunications Services | United States | 62,592.54 |
| 01/15/1999 | Vodafone Group PLC | Wireless | United Kingdom | AirTouch Communications Inc | Telecommunications Services | United States | 60,286.87 |
| 01/26/2000 | Shareholders | Other Financials | Canada | Nortel Networks Corp | Telecommunications Equipment | Canada | 59,973.57 |
| 06/14/1999 | Qwest Commun Intl Inc | Telecommunications Services | United States | US WEST Inc | Other Telecom | United States | 56,307.03 |
| 06/24/1998 | AT&T Corp | Telecommunications Services | United States | Tele-Communications Inc | Cable | United States | 53,592.49 |
| 07/28/1998 | Bell Atlantic Corp | Telecommunications Services | United States | GTE Corp | Telecommunications Services | United States | 53,414.58 |
| 04/22/1999 | AT&T Corp | Telecommunications Services | United States | MediaOne Group Inc | Cable | United States | 49,278.87 |

## Recent developments

The telecommunications sector has seen a large increase in the recent years. Whereas in 2015 there were 3.3 billion active mobile broadband subscriptions worldwide, in 2020 there were around 7.7 billion. This increase was due, in part at least, to the deployment of 4G LTE.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, telecommunications was used to track the spread of COVID-19 and was use by remote workers to conduct business during the COVID-19 lockdowns.

## Societies

* Telecommunications Industry Association
* IEEE Communications Society
* Category:Telecommunications organizations