# 1961 Irish general election

The 1961 Irish general election to the 17th Dáil was held on Wednesday, 4 October, following the dissolution of the 16th Dáil on 15 September by President Éamon de Valera on the request of Taoiseach Seán Lemass. The general election took place in 38 Dáil constituencies throughout Ireland for 144 seats in Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas, which had been reduced in size by three seats from the previous election by the Electoral (Amendment) Act 1961. Fianna Fáil lost its majority but remained the dominant party.
The 17th Dáil met at Leinster House on 11 October to nominate the Taoiseach for appointment by the president and to approve the appointment of a new government of Ireland. Lemass was re-appointed Taoiseach, forming the 10th government of Ireland, a single-party minority Fianna Fáil government.

## Campaign

At the general election of 1961, the three main parties were led by new leaders: Seán Lemass had taken charge of Fianna Fáil in 1959, making this the first time Fianna Fáil faced a general election campaign without Éamon de Valera (who had become President of Ireland in 1959). James Dillon had taken over at Fine Gael in 1959 also, while the Labour Party was now under the leadership of Brendan Corish.
Lemass announced the date of the election on 8 September, with the dissolution to take place a week later on 15 September. It was the shortest period between the dissolution and the election permitted in law.
While the election was caused by the "crisis" surrounding Ireland's application for membership of the European Economic Community and various other international affairs, little attention was paid to these matters during the campaign; the 1961 general election has become known as the dullest campaign on record, with the most important issue being the teaching of the Irish language in schools. Fianna Fáil fought the election on its record in government and a reforming theme; Fine Gael presented itself as the party of free enterprise. The Labour Party campaigned strongly against the "conservative" Fianna Fáil and Fine Gael parties. It also favoured major expansion in the public sector. It was the first and only general election contested by the National Progressive Democrats led by Noël Browne.

## Result

Election to the 17th Dáil – 4 October 1961 :
| Party | Party | Leader | Seats | ± | % of seats | First pref. votes | % FPv | ±% |
| | Fianna Fáil | Seán Lemass | 70 | –8 | 48.6 | 512,073 | 43.8 | –4.5 |
| | Fine Gael | James Dillon | 47 | +7 | 32.6 | 374,099 | 32.0 | +5.4 |
| | Labour | Brendan Corish | 16 | +4 | 11.1 | 136,111 | 11.6 | +2.5 |
| | Sinn Féin | Paddy McLogan | 0 | –4 | 0 | 36,396 | 3.1 | –2.2 |
| | Clann na Talmhan | Joseph Blowick | 2 | –1 | 1.4 | 17,693 | 1.5 | –0.9 |
| | Clann na Poblachta | Seán MacBride | 1 | 0 | 0.7 | 13,170 | 1.1 | –0.6 |
| | National Progressive Democrats | Noël Browne | 2 | New | 1.4 | 11,490 | 1.0 | – |
| | Christian Democratic Party | | 0 | New | 0 | 1,132 | 0.1 | – |
| | Irish Workers' League | Michael O'Riordan | 0 | New | 0 | 277 | 0.0 | – |
| | Independent | N/A | 6 | –3 | 4.2 | 65,963 | 5.6 | –0.3 |
| Spoilt votes | Spoilt votes | Spoilt votes | Spoilt votes | Spoilt votes | Spoilt votes | 11,334 | — | — |
| Total | Total | Total | 144 | –3 | 100 | 1,179,738 | 100 | — |
| Electorate/Turnout | Electorate/Turnout | Electorate/Turnout | Electorate/Turnout | Electorate/Turnout | Electorate/Turnout | 1,670,860 | 70.6% | — |

### Voting summary

First preference vote
Fianna Fáil
43.83%
Fine Gael
32.02%
Labour
11.65%
Sinn Féin
3.12%
Clann na Talmhan
1.51%
Clann na Poblachta
1.13%
National Progressive Democrats
0.98%
Others
0.12%
Independent
5.65% :

### Seats summary

Dáil seats
Fianna Fáil
48.61%
Fine Gael
32.64%
Labour
11.11%
Clann na Talmhan
1.39%
National Progressive Democrats
1.39%
Clann na Poblachta
0.69%
Independent
4.17% :

## Government formation

The 17th Dáil met on 11 October 1961. Fianna Fáil were short of a majority, with 70 of the 144 seats in the Dáil, but were able to form a new single-party government, the 10th Government of Ireland, with the support of Independent TDs.

## Changes in membership
### First-time TDs

* Lorcan Allen
* Mark Clinton
* George Colley
* Patrick Connor
* Paddy Harte
* Brian Lenihan
* Tom O'Donnell
* Séamus Pattison
* Eugene Timmons
* Seán Treacy

### Re-elected TDs

* Seán Collins

### Retiring TDs

* Patrick Giles
* Peadar Maher
* Richard Mulcahy
* Oscar Traynor

### Defeated TDs

* Batt Donegan
* Gus Healy
* Denis Larkin
* Frank Loughman
* James O'Toole

## Seanad election

The Dáil election was followed by an election to the 10th Seanad.