OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ABC countries

The ABC countries, or ABC powers, are the South American countries of Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, seen as the three most powerful, influential and wealthiest countries in South America. The term was mostly used in the first half of the 20th century, when the three countries worked together to develop common interests and a coordinated approach to issues in the region with relatively little influence from outside powers.

## History

During the early 20th century Argentina, Brazil, and Chile engaged in a naval arms race, beginning with Brazil purchasing three dreadnoughts in response to the recently concluded Argentine–Chilean naval arms race.
The Niagara Falls peace conference is the first well-known use of the term "ABC". On May 20, 1914, the three countries met in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada, to mediate between the United States and Mexico after increasing tensions over the Tampico Affair, the United States occupation of Veracruz, and developing issues that led to the Mexican Revolution. At the conference, the United States was represented by Frederick William Lehmann, a former United States Solicitor General, and Joseph Rucker Lamar, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
In 1942, the ABC countries, with the United States, mediated in the peace terms of the Ecuadorian–Peruvian War. This led to the loss of all disputed territory in the Amazon Basin that had been claimed by Ecuador before the war.
# Bino (footballer, born 1940)

Albino Aguiar de Sousa (born 6 June 1940), known as Bino, is a Portuguese former footballer who played as a midfielder.

## Career

Bino started his career with Braga, helping the club achieve promotion from the second tier to the top flight and win the 1966 Taça de Portugal. Altogether, he made two hundred league appearances and scored forty-four goals while playing for them.
In 1973, he signed for Riopele. One year later, he signed for Rio Ave where he made one league appearance before retiring from professional football.

## Style of play

Bino played as a midfielder and was nicknamed "Bino Trivelas" because he was known for his trivela ability.
# Juliette Welfling

Juliette Welfling is a French film editor. She has been nominated for two Academy Awards for Best Film Editing for her work in the 2007 movie The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, and the 2024 movie Emilia Pérez. She has received the César Award for Best Editing for her work on this film as well as for five Jacques Audiard films: Regarde les hommes tomber (1994), The Beat That My Heart Skipped (2005), A Prophet (2009), Rust and Bone (2012), and The Sisters Brothers (2018).

## Filmography

Feature films
* See How They Fall (1994)
* A Self Made Hero (1996)
* Déjà mort (1998)
* Read My Lips (2001)
* Aram (2002)
* The Beat That My Heart Skipped (2005)
* The Science of Sleep (2006)
* I Do (2006)
* The Diving Bell and the Butterfly (2007)
* A Simple Heart (2008)
* A Prophet (2009)
* The Big Picture (2010)
* Miral (2010)
* Love and Bruises (2011)
* Rust and Bone (2012)
* The Hunger Games (2012)
* The Past (2013)
* Far from Men (2014)
* Dheepan (2015)
* Free State of Jones (2016)
* Ocean's 8 (2018)
* The Sisters Brothers (2018)
* Emilia Pérez (2024)
# Ranjit Bhatia

Ranjit Bhatia (27 May 1936 – 9 February 2014) was an Indian athlete and journalist who ran in the marathon and 5000 meters events at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome.

## Biography

Ranjit Bhatia was born on 27 May 1936. He studied at the Lawrence School, Sanawar. He then attended Oxford University as a Rhodes scholar, matriculating from Jesus College in 1957.
Bhatia was an active athlete, both at Oxford (awarded a Blue) as well as a member of the Belgrave Harriers. He participated in the 1960 Rome Olympics, coming 60th in the marathon and participating in heats of the 5000 metres race.
Following a long battle with Parkinson's disease, Bhatia died on 9 February 2014 in Delhi.

## Career

Following his graduation from Oxford, Ranjit Bhatia returned to India. In 1960, he joined St. Stephen's College, Delhi to teach Mathematics. He remained there until his retirement as Reader.
He was a sports writer and presenter. He wrote for Athletics Weekly and covered several Olympic Games for Indian newspapers, including The Statesman.
Bhatia was an active member of the Association of Track and Field Statisticians. He was also a national-level selector for Indian athletics between 1976 and 1984.
Among his written works are the Handbook of Indian Athletics, and the Book of Asian Games.
Ranjit Bhatia was an administrator for the Indian chapter of the Rhodes Scholarships from 1962 till his retirement in 1997.

## Awards

For his services to the Rhodes Trust and athletics, Bhatia was awarded the OBE.
# Zhaliang

Zhaliang or Jaleung (traditional Chinese: 炸兩; simplified Chinese: 炸两; Jyutping: zaa3 loeng2; Cantonese Yale: jaléung; lit. 'fried two' is a Cantonese dim sum. It is made by tightly wrapping rice noodle roll around youtiao (fried dough). It can be found in Chinese restaurants in Guangdong, Hong Kong, Macau and Malaysia.
It is often served doused in soy sauce, hoisin sauce or sesame paste and sprinkled with sesame seeds. It is usually eaten with soy milk or congee.
# Jal el Dib

Jal El Dib or Jal Ed Dib (Arabic: جل الدّيب) is a Lebanese city in the kaza of Matn in the Mount Lebanon Governorate11 kilometers north of the capital city of Beirut.

## History

Jal el Dib was originally a small village that grew in population and importance as a result of its strategic location. During the Ottoman Empire era, the town was a major stopping point for caravans traveling along the Beirut-Tripoli road. With the arrival of the French mandate in the early 20th century, the town continued to flourish and became an important commercial center.
During the Lebanese Civil War, Jal el Dib was the site of several major battles. The town was severely damaged during the conflict, and many of its residents were displaced. In the years following the war, Jal el Dib underwent significant reconstruction and development, with many of its damaged buildings and infrastructure restored.

## Culture and attractions

Jal el Dib is a diverse and multicultural town, with residents from various religious and ethnic backgrounds. The town is home to several places of worship, including churches, mosques, and a synagogue. There are also numerous restaurants and cafes, offering a wide variety of Lebanese and international cuisine.
One of the most notable attractions in Jal el Dib is the Saint Joseph University Campus, which is located in the town's southern outskirts. The campus is home to several faculties and institutes, including the Faculty of Engineering, the Institute of History, and the Institute of Political Science.
Another popular attraction in Jal el Dib is the Jal el Dib Bridge, which spans the Nahr el Kalb river. The bridge is a historic site, with inscriptions dating back to ancient times.

## Transportation

Jal el Dib is well-connected to other parts of Lebanon via the Beirut-Tripoli highway, which runs through the town. The town is also served by several local buses and taxis, providing easy access to neighboring areas.
# Kfertay

Kfartay (or Kfertay) is a town in Matn District in Lebanon. Also "Kfartay" is another town located in Keserwan District

## Etymology

There are two likely theories for the origin of the word Kfertay:
* It is a compound word, where "Kfer" means " a town" and "tay" means "the miserable" and thus it implies "the town of the miserable".
* The second part might have stemmed from the word "tay", a Bedwin Aramaic tribe that might have lived in the town at some point. Lebanon is home to two Kfertay towns, one in Matn and another in Kessrouan.

## Location

Kfertay is located in the Mount Lebanon Mohafaza at an altitude of 1200 m above the sea level. It lies east of the Mediterranean Sea and 45 km from Beirut and spreads across 300 hectares. The coordinates of this town are 33.9271° N, 35.5864° E.

## Economic activities

At first, Kfertay's residents used to rely on agriculture but soon shifted to commerce and free professions or held jobs in both public and private sectors, which resulted in neglected land. In the past few years, Kfertay attracted scores of Khalijis who bought property and built homes, thus stirring momentum in the town.
The number of registered inhabitants in the town's personal status register is estimated at 800 people belonging to the Catholic and Maronite community. Kfertay includes 80 houses and 5 commercial shops.

## Education

There are no schools in Kfertay and its students are educated in neighboring towns.

## Archaeological sites

The town includes stone tombs and sarcophagi from the Ancient Roman era with engraved inscriptions.
# Seabank Power Station

Seabank Power Station is a 1,140 MW gas-fired power station at Hallen Marsh in Bristol, England. It is situated beside the A403 road and Severn Estuary, just north of Avonmouth and south of Severn Beach, close to the boundary with South Gloucestershire. It is next to the former Terra Nitrogen Severnside fertiliser works, which was closed by Growhow UK in January 2008.
The £435 million plant is run as Seabank Power Ltd. The initial partners in the company were BG Group (former part of British Gas) and Scottish and Southern Energy (SSE), however in 2010 BG Group, as part of its reorganisation sold its 50% share of the plant to Cheung Kong Infrastructure Holdings Limited The company is now owned by Cheung Kong Infrastructure Holdings Limited, and SSE.
It was built by Siemens Power Generation and initially opened in 2000. It was built in two parts, with Seabank 1 (755 MW) started in January 1996 and completed in March 2000. Seabank 2 (385 MW) was started in January 1999 and was completed in January 2001. The station has a number of step up transformers that allow connection to the National Grid high voltage electricity transmission system via the Seabank 400 kV GIS substation. The power plant provides enough electricity for approximately 1.6 million people.
Seabank is a Combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) type power station that runs on natural gas. The Gas is supplied to the station via the company's own 74-bar 42-inch (1,100 mm) pipeline that runs from a gas compressor station near Abson in Pucklechurch, Bristol through South Gloucestershire to the station. The station can also utilise the local gas connection, that was used to connect the previous Seabank Naptha/Gas Cracking station that occupied the site prior to the power station. The section first built consists of two Siemens V94.3A gas turbines with two heat recovery steam generators (HRSG) and a steam turbine. The next built section consists of one V94.3A gas turbine, an HRSG and a steam turbine. It has a 55% thermal efficiency. The HRSGs were built by Standard Fasel Lentjes (known as SFL and now owned by NEM Energy) and Stork Power Services, both Dutch companies.
# The Magic Words are Squeamish Ossifrage

"The Magic Words are Squeamish Ossifrage" was the solution to a challenge ciphertext posed by the inventors of the RSA cipher in 1977. The problem appeared in Martin Gardner's Mathematical Games column in the August 1977 issue of Scientific American. It was solved in 1993–94 by a large, joint computer project co-ordinated by Derek Atkins, Michael Graff, Arjen Lenstra and Paul Leyland. More than 600 volunteers contributed CPU time from about 1,600 machines (two of which were fax machines) over six months. The coordination was done via the Internet and was one of the first such projects.
Ossifrage ('bone-breaker', from Latin) is an older name for the bearded vulture, a scavenger famous for dropping animal bones and live tortoises on top of rocks to crack them open. The 1993–94 effort began the tradition of using the words "squeamish ossifrage" in cryptanalytic challenges.
The difficulty of breaking the RSA cipher—recovering a plaintext message given a ciphertext and the public key—is connected to the difficulty of factoring large numbers. While it is not known whether the two problems are mathematically equivalent, factoring is currently the only publicly known method of directly breaking RSA. The decryption of the 1977 ciphertext involved the factoring of a 129-digit (426 bit) number, RSA-129, in order to recover the plaintext.
Ron Rivest estimated in 1977 that factoring a 125-digit semiprime would require 40 quadrillion years, using the best algorithm known and the fastest computers of the day. In their original paper they recommended using 200-digit (663 bit) primes to provide a margin of safety against future developments, though it may have only delayed the solution as a 200-digit semiprime was factored in 2005. However, efficient factoring algorithms had not been studied much at the time, and a lot of progress was made in the following decades. Atkins et al. used the quadratic sieve algorithm invented by Carl Pomerance in 1981. While the asymptotically faster number field sieve had just been invented, it was not clear at the time that it would be better than the quadratic sieve for 129-digit numbers. The memory requirements of the newer algorithm were also a concern.
There was a US$100 prize associated with the challenge, which the winners donated to the Free Software Foundation.
In 2015, the same RSA-129 number was factored in about one day, with the CADO-NFS open source implementation of number field sieve, using a commercial cloud computing service for about $30.
# Königsplatz, Munich

Königsplatz (German:, King's Square) is a square in Munich, Germany. Built in the style of European Neoclassicism in the 19th century, it displays the Propyläen Gate and, facing each other, the Glyptothek (archeological museum) and the Staatliche Antikensammlungen (art museum). The area around Königsplatz is home to the Kunstareal, Munich's gallery and museum quarter.

## Architecture

The square was designed as part of the representative grouping along the Brienner Straße by Karl von Fischer, Friedrich Ludwig von Sckell, and Leo von Klenze. The square was intentionally set lower at the centre by nearly one meter to make the three monumental buildings dedicated to the ancient past appear higher. The Glyptothek and Propylaea were also designed by Klenze, while the Staatliche Antikensammlungen were designed by Georg Friedrich Ziebland. The museums were built between 1816 and 1845.
The Lenbachhaus is situated at the north-west side of the square.

## Königsplatz during the Third Reich

As a beautiful and monumental place, the Königplatz was used during the Third Reich as a square for the Nazi Party's mass rallies. The Brown House, the national headquarters of the Nazi Party in Germany was located at 45 Brienner Straße close to the square.
Two Honor Temples (Ehrentempel) were erected at the east side of the Königsplatz in severe neo-Greek style to echo the architecture of the older buildings; they "enshrined" the remains of the 15 Nazis killed in the 1923 Beer Hall Putsch, who were honored by Nazis as martyrs. Both temples were demolished by the US Army in 1947, although their platforms remain to this day. Two buildings of the Nazi party constructed by Paul Troost next to the temples still exist; in the one north of Brienner Strasse, the Führerbau, where the Munich Agreement was signed in 1938. The other one south of said Boulevard was formerly an administrative building for the Nazi Party. After the war, both buildings were used by the Americans as a "Central Collecting Point", where recovered paintings and other artworks taken for the Nazis' unrealized Führermuseum were stored. Today the north building houses the a school for music and theatre called the Hochschule für Musik und Theater München. The south building houses the Museum of Casts of Classical Statues and Zentralinstitut für Kunstgeschichte (Central Institute for Art History).
Nazi book burnings occurred at Königsplatz in 1933.
The March to the Führer (Der Marsch zum Führer) is a Nazi propaganda film released in 1940. It depicts the nationwide march of Hitler Youth to Nuremberg and features the Königsplatz.
After the war the Königsplatz was restored to its pre-war appearance.

## Transportation

The Königsplatz is served by a U-Bahn station of the same name.

## Sport

During the 2022 European Championships the 2022 European climbing championships and the 2022 European Beach Volleyball Championships events were held at Königsplatz
# Brás Garcia de Mascarenhas

Brás Garcia de Mascarenhas (Avô, Oliveira do Hospital, Portugal, 3 February 1596 - Avô, Oliveira do Hospital, Portugal, 8 August 1656) was a Portuguese soldier, poet and writer, author of the poem Viriato Trágico.
During his youth, he traveled to the Portuguese colony of Brazil, and through parts of Europe (France, Italy, and Spain).
He then fought in the Portuguese Restoration War, where he organized a battalion of volunteers known as the Company of the Lions of Beira. As a reward for his services, he was awarded the governorship of the Castle of Alfaites at the Portuguese border.
After disobeying the general of the Beira province, Sancho Manoel de Vilhena, he was arrested and held at the Castle of Sabugal. He then wrote to the king John IV of Portugal the epic poem Viriato Trágico, as a way of justifying his actions and requesting forgiveness. The king, impressed with his talent and skill, returned him to freedom.
His work, posthumously edited in 1699, was re-edited in 1846.
He married Maria da Fonseca da Costa on 19 February 1645.
* This Portugal biographical article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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# The Salamander Ruby

The Salamander Ruby (German: Der Rubin-Salamander) is a 1918 German silent drama film directed by Rudolf Biebrach and starring Bruno Decarli, Mechthildis Thein and Hugo Flink.

## Cast

* Bruno Decarli as Martin Hellberg
* Mechthildis Thein as Nelly Sand, Operettensängerin
* Hugo Flink as Templin, reicher Börsianer
* Heinrich Schroth as Attenhofer, Landstreicher
* Rudolf Biebrach as Landgerichtsrat Gottfried Hellberg
* Richard Wirth as Juwelier Ottrot
* Gertrude Hoffman as Freundin der Nelly Sand
# Šmartno pri Slovenj Gradcu

Šmartno pri Slovenj Gradcu (pronounced; sometimes Šmartno pri Slovenjem Gradcu) is a settlement in the City Municipality of Slovenj Gradec in northern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The entire municipality is now included in the Carinthia Statistical Region.

## Church

The parish church from which the settlement gets its name is dedicated to Saint Martin and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It was first mentioned in written documents dating to 1106. A second church on Homec Hill west of the settlement is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary and was built in the 17th century.

## Mass graves

Šmartno pri Slovenj Gradcu is the site of two known mass graves from the period immediately after the Second World War. The Gortnar Shrine Mass Grave (Slovene: Grobišče pri Gortnarjevi kapelici) lies northwest of the settlement, behind the Gortnar chapel-shrine. It measures 12 by 4 meters (39 by 13 ft) and contains the remains of 30 to 36 people, probably Ustaša soldiers, who were killed while fleeing toward the Austrian border between 10 and 15 May 1945. The House No. 143 Mass Grave (Grobišče pri hiši 143), also known as the Homšnica Creek by the Klemen Farm Mass Grave (Grobišče ob Homšnici pri Klemenu), is located next to the road southwest of the house at Šmartno pri Slovenj Gradcu no. 143. The ground is visibly sunken at the site. It contains the remains of 10 people killed while fleeing toward the Austrian border between 10 and 15 May 1945.
# Diogo Barbosa Machado

Diogo Barbosa Machado (31 March 1682 – 9 August 1772) was a Portuguese Catholic priest and noted bibliographer.
His greatest work, Bibliotheca Lusitana, was the first great bibliographical reference book published in Portugal. He offered his impressive book, pamphlet, and engraving collection to King Joseph I after the royal library burned down during the 1755 Lisbon earthquake. It was taken to Brazil during the transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil; the Barbosa Machado collection remains one of the most important in the National Library of Brazil.
# Gulf of Koper

The Gulf of Koper or Koper Bay (Slovene: Koprski zaliv, Croatian: Koprski zaljev, Italian: Golfo di Capodistria) is located in the northern part of the Adriatic Sea, and is a part of the Gulf of Trieste.

## Overview

The gulf, named after the city of Koper, is part of the Slovene Riviera and is entirely located in Slovenian territory. Crossed by the river Rižana, it is 18 km$^2$ large and spans from Debeli Rtič, next to the borders with the Italian town of Muggia; to Rt Madona, a cape in the town of Piran, that is also the northernmost point of the Gulf of Piran.
The towns of Koper, Izola and Piran (the northern shore), along with the villages of Ankaran, Bertoki, Jagodje, Dobrava, Strunjan and Fiesa, are located by the gulf.
# Placitum of Riziano

The Placitum of Riziano (Italian: Placito del Risano; Slovene: Rižanski zbor) was a dispute that took place c. 804 around the Riziano River, probably at Rižana in modern Slovenia. The document is important for the history of Koper and Trieste because it is the first written evidence of the presence of a Slavic-speaking population in Istria close to Trieste.
Legates sent by Charlemagne heard complaints by the leaders of Istria about the bishops and the John, Duke of Istria. The document is believed to have been recorded on the orders of Fortunatus II, patriarch of Grado. A point of historiographical contention is the fact that only the leaders of the coastal towns of Istria were present; one explanation for this is that the issues being discussed (for example, the abolition of the right of the townspeople to fish) only affected the coast.
The Latin text has been edited many times, but the standard edition is by Manaresi. The text has been translated into various modern languages.
# Tahuamanu River

The Tahuamanu River is a river of Bolivia and Peru. Nícolas Suárez Callau enslaved and exploited natives along the Tahuamanu during the rubber boom.
# Adamów, Grodzisk Mazowiecki County

Adamów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Grodzisk Mazowiecki, within Grodzisk Mazowiecki County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.