OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Davy Koech Commission

The Commission of Inquiry into the Education System of Kenya commonly referred to as the Davy Koech Commission was a Kenya Government Commission established on 15 May 1998 by the then President Daniel arap Moi. The commission was led by Dr. Davy Kiprotich Koech and was to investigate the question of the appropriateness of Kenya’s 8-4-4 education system

## Membership

The Commission's membership included:
* Prof. Davy Kiprotich Koech - Chairperson
* Prof. Florida A. Karani Vice-Chairperson
* Dr. (Prof.) Joseph Maina Mungai (Joint Secretary)
* Prof. David K. Some (Joint Secretary)
* Johnson M. Hungu (Joint Secretary)
* Hastings W.O. Okoth-Ogendo
* Eddah W. Gachukia
* Filemona F. Indire
* Jack G. Okech
* Joseph D. Kimura
* Abdulghafur H.S. El-Busaidy
* Abdisalam S. Mohamed
* Ambrose A. Adongo
* George K. King’oriah
* Mwakai K. Sio
* Nicodemus Kirima
* Emmanuel S. Rumpe
* Joel J. Ngatiari
* Jackson Kang’ali
* Michael M. Ndurumo
* Nathaniel K. Chepkener
* Noah C. Chune
* Peter M. Kavisi
* Joan A. Okudo
* Swafiya M. Said

## Report

The commission completed its work in August 1999 and handed its report to the President in October 1999. Some of the recommendations include:
* Replacement of 8-4-4 system with TIQET
* Expansion of compulsory basic education from 8 years to 12 years
* No examination between primary and secondary
* Reduction of subjects at secondary to ease curriculum
* Introduced a pre-university level to allow students to mature before going to university
# List of wars involving Tanzania

The following is a list of wars involving Tanzania since its formation in 1964.
| Conflict | Combatant 1 | Combatant 2 | Results | President | Tanzanian losses |
| Mozambican Civil War (1977–78; 1987–88) | FRELIMO Tanzania Zimbabwe | RENAMO Rhodesia | Stalemate Rome General Peace Accords | Julius Nyerere | 99 killed |
| Uganda–Tanzania War (1978–79) | Tanzania UNLA Mozambique | Uganda Libya PLO | Victory Overthrow of Idi Amin in Uganda | Julius Nyerere | 373 killed |
| Ugandan Bush War (1980–1986) | Uganda (Obote government) Tanzania | Ugandan rebels: NRA, Uganda Army, UNRF (I), FUNA, UFM, others | Defeat Tanzanian withdrawal in 1981; advisors initially remain in Uganda Pro-Tanzanian government in Uganda overthrown in 1985 Tanzania begins to support its former enemy, the NRA, with weaponry | Julius Nyerere | ? |
| Invasion of Anjouan (2008) | Tanzania Sudan Comoros Senegal | Anjouan | Victory Toppling of Mohamed Bacar | Jakaya Kikwete | None |
| M23 Rebellion (2013) | Democratic Republic of the Congo MONUSCO Force Intervention Brigade  South Africa  Tanzania  Malawi | March 23 Movement Alleged support:  Uganda Rwanda | Victory M23 disarms and demobilises | Jakaya Kikwete | 1 killed |
| ADF Insurgency (2015–) | DR Congo Uganda South Africa Tanzania Malawi | ADF | Ongoing UNFIB intervention in 2015 | Jakaya Kikwete | 15+ killed |
# Charouine District

Charouine District is a district of Timimoun Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 31,149.

## Communes

The district is further divided into 3 communes:
* Charouine
* Ouled Aissa
* Talmine
# Shurgol, East Azerbaijan

Shurgol (Persian: شورگل) is a village in Benajuy-ye Shomali Rural District of the Central District in Bonab County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 516 in 110 households. The following census in 2011 counted 543 people in 148 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 418 people in 124 households.
# Lake Alcacocha (Junín)

Lake Alcacocha (possibly from Quechua allqa black-and-white qucha lake) is a lake in Peru located in the Junín Region, Junín Province, Junín District. It is situated at an elevation of about 4,349 metres (14,268 ft), about 3.16 km long and 0.74 km at its widest point. Alcacocha lies east of Lake Junín.
# Florence Bourgnon-Migraine

Florence Bourgnon-Migraine (born 31 August 1972) is a French professional racing driver and sailor.

## Life

In 2006, with Corentine Quiniou as co-driver, she finished 49th in the Dakar Rally in a Toyota Land Cruiser, ranking 1st female crew and 1st among the youngest crews. She won the Rallye Aïcha des Gazelles for the first time, in the same car and with the same co-driver, a rally she would win again in 2007 and 2009. She competed at the 2019 Dakar rally.
In 2012, she took part in the Princess Rally with model Jovanka Šopalović as her teammate.
She competed in the 2024 Les Voiles de Saint-Tropez.
# Tortelli

Tortelli (Italian:) is a type of stuffed pasta traditionally made in the Emilia-Romagna, Lombardy, and Tuscany regions of Italy. It can be found in several shapes, including square (similar to ravioli), semi-circular (similar to agnolini) or twisted into a rounded, hat-like form (similar to cappelletti). It can be served with melted butter, Bolognese sauce, broth or other sauces.
# Portrait of Théodore Géricault

Portrait of Théodore Géricault is an 1823 portrait painting by the French artist Horace Vernet depicting his friend and fellow painter Théodore Géricault.
Best known for his 1819 painting The Raft of the Medusa, Géricault was a prominent figure in the rising movement of Romanticism before his death from consumption in 1824. While most depictions of Géricault were posthumous such as Ary Scheffer's The Death of Géricault, it is likely Vernet painted this in February 1823. Today the painting is in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City, having been acquired in 1988. Around the same time Vernet also produced a full-length lithograph of Géricault.
# Summer Lovin' (song)

"Summer Lovin'" is a single by house music duo Musikk. It was released in 2004 as a digital download. The song peaked at number 7 on the Danish Singles Chart. It features vocals from Danish singer Jon Nørgaard under the name John Rock. The song was also recorded in Simlish for some foreign language versions of The Sims 2: Nightlife.

## Track listing
### Digital download

* "Summer Lovin'" (Original Radio Edit) - 3:28
* "Summer Lovin'" (INF:RMX Radio Edit) - 3:33
* "Summer Lovin'" (Donnie Brasco Remix) - 3:53
* "Summer Lovin'" (Original Club Mix) - 5:13
* "Summer Lovin'" (INF:RMX Club Mix) - 6:27
* "Summer Lovin'" (Donnie Brasco Vocal Club Mix) - 9:32
* "Summer Lovin'" (Jake Wattson Indian Summer Mix) - 6:10
* "Summer Lovin'" (Monday Morning Mix) - 7:21
* "Summer Lovin'" (Donnie Brasco Vocal Dub Mix) - 9:32
* "Summer Lovin'" (Instrumental) - 3:26
* "Summer Lovin'" (Acapella 1) - 3:29
* "Summer Lovin'" (Acapella 2) - 3:29

## Chart performance

| Chart (2004) | Peak position |
| Denmark (Tracklisten) | 7 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format |
| Denmark | 2004 | Digital download |
| United Kingdom | 2004 | Digital download |
# Renaldo Lapuz

Renaldo (Reynaldo) Lapuz (born December 18, 1962) is a Filipino-American who auditioned on the seventh season of the television series American Idol, singing the self-written song "We're Brothers Forever".

## Biography

Lapuz is a native of the Philippines. His mother is of German descent and lives in Wisconsin. Lapuz immigrated to the United States in 2004, and worked as a janitor at Greyhound and Wal-mart. Lapuz regularly sang as a member of the Filipino Choir at Immaculate Conception Church in Reno, Nevada.
In 2007 Renaldo Lapuz auditioned for American Idol in Dallas, Texas. For his audition, he sang his own original song, "We're Brothers Forever", while wearing a handsome wide-brimmed, winged, marabou feather-covered white hat with the word "SIMON" printed on it and a metallic silver cape. During his audition, which aired in January, judge Simon Cowell complimented him but gently rejected him by saying of his performance "I'm going to make a prediction here. I have a horrible feeling that it's going to be a hit record. You're very entertaining. I actually like you... but it's going to be a no." (Due to his age he was also ineligible.) Lapuz returned to the show to sing his song during the finale of American Idol Season 7 in May 2008, this time supported instrumentally by the University of Southern California marching band.

## Internet popularity

Lapuz's American Idol Season 7 audition piece was a favorite on video sites, with more than 68.2 million hits in the video sharing website YouTube, the first of which being so popular that it generated a cease and desist letter from News Corp. Subsequent releases have received more than 59,640,100 hits. His audition piece has become so popular that about five of his now famous video clips have landed in the top 10 most favorite for the week, totaling to about 39,056,000 favorites as of posting time. Since it was uploaded on January 16, Lapuz's seven-minute video has attracted more than 59,590,998 views (as of 11 pm, Tuesday, May 20, 2008), which is also among the top views in YouTube for the week.
In February 2008, the Philippine Daily Inquirer reported that a major label with local operations was trying to locate Lapuz for "a possible recording deal".
On November 24, 2010, Lapuz released a new album on iTunes, Amazon, and Napster. His new album consisted of two self-written songs, "Christmas Chocolatee" (pronounced tsokolate) and "Daddy", in both English and Tagalog. Speaking with the Philippine Daily Inquirer, Renaldo recalled the inspiration to "Christmas Chocolatee:" "When I was a little boy, my late sister Fe Lapuz-Velasco gave me a toy, a plastic kid on a horse. It was my first Christmas gift and I remember drinking hot and sweet tsokolate and eating 'tasty' bread with no filling, for Noche Buena."

## Discography

* Renaldo Lapuz (2009)
* Rey (2010)
# Pretty Little Liars season 1

The first season of Pretty Little Liars, based on the books of the same name by Sara Shepard, premiered on June 8, 2010 and concluded on March 21, 2011 on ABC Family.
The show premiered to 2.47 million viewers and retained a regular audience of 2.5 million viewers during its summer run. The summer finale scored 3.07 million viewers, achieving a series high. The show went on hiatus and returned with its winter premiere on January 3, 2011, with 4.20 million viewers, becoming one of ABC Family's top telecasts to date.

## Overview

Set in the fictional town of Rosewood, Pennsylvania, Spencer Hastings, Aria Montgomery, Hanna Marin, Emily Fields, and Alison DiLaurentis' lives are irrevocably changed after their clique leader Alison "Ali" goes missing during a sleepover. The four remaining girls forever believe their secrets are safe for all time, but the absence of one of their leaders makes them drift apart. One year later, the former group of friends are forced to reunite after their once-missing friend is discovered dead, and they begin receiving threatening texts from someone named "A," who utilizes secrets that only their dead friend would know to terrorize them. Knowing that if their secrets are out, it will jeopardize them and their futures, the girls decide to team up and figure out who is behind the mask.

## Cast
### Main

* Troian Bellisario as Spencer Hastings
* Ashley Benson as Hanna Marin
* Holly Marie Combs as Ella Montgomery
* Lucy Hale as Aria Montgomery
* Ian Harding as Ezra Fitz
* Bianca Lawson as Maya St. Germain
* Laura Leighton as Ashley Marin
* Chad Lowe as Byron Montgomery
* Shay Mitchell as Emily Fields
* Nia Peeples as Pam Fields
* Sasha Pieterse as Alison DiLaurentis

### Recurring

* Keegan Allen as Toby Cavanaugh
* Tammin Sursok as Jenna Marshall
* Janel Parrish as Mona Vanderwaal
* Torrey DeVitto as Melissa Hastings
* Ryan Merriman as Ian Thomas
* Chuck Hittinger as Sean Ackard
* Tyler Blackburn as Caleb Rivers
* Brendan Robinson as Lucas Gottesman
* Brant Daugherty as Noel Kahn
* Lesley Fera as Veronica Hastings
* Cody Allen Christian as Mike Montgomery
* Lindsey Shaw as Paige McCullers
* Bryce Johnson as Darren Wilden
* Diego Boneta as Alex Santiago

### Guest

* Julian Morris as Wren Kingston
* Nolan North as Peter Hastings
* Jim Titus as Officer Barry Maple
* Yani Gellman as Garrett Reynolds
* Eric Steinberg as Wayne Fields
* Jill Holden as Mrs. Welch
* Amanda Schull as Meredith Sorenson
* Carlson Young as Amber Victorino
* Parker Bagley as Jason DiLaurentis
* Andrea Parker as Jessica DiLaurentis
* Roark Critchlow as Tom Marin
* Tilky Jones as Logan Reed
* Patrick J. Adams as Hardy
* Sara Shepard as Ms. Shepard
* 2AM Club as themselves
# Lincoln Township, Crawford County, Kansas

Lincoln Township is a township in Crawford County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 decennial census, its population was 790.

## Geography

Lincoln Township covers an area of 70.08 square miles (181.5 km$^2$) and contains one incorporated settlement, Arcadia. According to the United States Geological Survey, it contains six cemeteries: Brown, Englevale, Fowler, McGonigle, Old Arcadia and Pleasant Valley Sheffield.
The streams of Bone Creek, Dry Branch and Richland Creek run through this township.
# Portrait of Sir Humphry Davy

Portrait of Sir Humphry Davy is an 1821 portrait painting by the British artist Thomas Lawrence. It depicts the scientist Sir Humphry Davy, president of the Royal Society. Davy is known for the invention of the Davy Lamp and isolating a number of elements using electricity. It shows Davy in the stance of a swagger portrait dressed in fashionable Regency era style. A Davy Lamp sits on the table next to him.
Lawrence was Britain's leading portraitist and had succeeded Benjamin West as president of the Royal Academy the previous year. Lawrence and Davy were friends and in the year of the painting the two presidents took part together in the Coronation of George IV at Westminster Abbey, representing the arts and sciences.
The painting appeared at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1821 at Somerset House. The original was given by Davy's wife to the Royal Society following his death in 1829. The copy in the National Portrait Gallery was done by Lawrence's studio, likely by Richard Evans. The same year Davy sat for another portrait by Lawrence's fellow artist Thomas Phillips which is also now in the National Portrait Gallery.
# St. Mary's High School (Lynn, Massachusetts)

St. Mary's High School is a private, Roman Catholic high school in Lynn, Massachusetts. It is located in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston.

## Background

St. Mary's High School was established in 1881 as Saint Mary's Boys High School. A Girl's High School was added later, followed by coeducation. In 1989 the school began a junior high school starting with a 7th grade class only, with an 8th grade class added the following year. The junior high school added a 6th grade class in 2011 after Massachusetts moved to a middle school education model.
St. Mary's incorporated in 2006 as a private school, independent from the Archdiocese of Boston, and instituted a new governance structure with a head of school, principal, and twenty-member Board of Trustees, thus ending its period as a parochial school.

## Athletics

St. Mary's teams include:
* Baseball (1987, 1988, 2015 State Champions)
* Boys Basketball (2000, 2001, 2002, 2012, 2016, 2022 State Champions)
* Girls Basketball (2001, 2002, 2011, 2014, 2022, 2025 State Champions) (2011, 2014 Co-CCL Champions)
* Cheerleading
* Crew
* Football (2005, 2022 State Champions, 2012, 2016, 2018 State Finalists)
* Boys Golf (2005, 2006, 2017, 2018, 2019 State Champions)
* Boys Hockey (2017 State Champions)
* Girls Ice Hockey (2005, 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2013 State Champions)
* Intramural Basketball (Co-ed)
* Boys Lacrosse
* Girls Lacrosse
* Girls Rugby
* Boys Soccer (1988 State Champions, 2018 State Finalists)
* Girls Soccer
* Softball (2008 Co-CCL Champions, 2008 State Champions)
* Swimming (Co-ed) (2008 CCL Champions)
* Boys Tennis
* Girls Tennis
* Track
* Volleyball (2006 and 2007 ( Undefeated CCL Champions)
The St. Mary's Girls Ice Hockey team went a perfect 25–0 in 2007/2008. The girls then repeated this feat plus one to go 26–0 in 2008/2009. In addition, they went through the 2009/2010 season undefeated with one tie. The result: 100 consecutive games without a loss over three years before a loss to Hingham in the state semi-finals, and three Massachusetts Division 1 State Titles.

## Miscellaneous

The former Girls High School building was demolished in 2005 to make way for the state-of-the-art William F. Connell Center, which provides a library, technology center, chapel, and classrooms.
Students are encouraged to participate in Christian service activities, such as Rachel's Challenge, Sant' Edigio, and assisting at My Brother's Table, a local food pantry.

## Notable alumni

* Tony Conigliaro, Major League Baseball player
* William F. Connell, Boston businessman and philanthropist, namesake of Boston College's Connell School of Nursing
* Tony Fossas, Major League Baseball player
* Kevin B. Harrington, President of the Massachusetts State Senate, 1971–1978
* Chris Howard, Major League Baseball player
* J. Michael Ruane, politician and member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
* Kevin Trudeau, author, infomercial salesman, fraudster
# Summer of Love (Cascada song)

"Summer of Love" is a song performed by German dance recording trio Cascada. It served as the lead single from their compilation album, Back on the Dancefloor, released on 30 March 2012 through Zooland Records. In Germany it peaked at #13, while it peaked at #7 in Austria, the song's highest peak.

## Background

In an interview in January 2012, Natalie Horler from Cascada had mentioned the group would start working on more dance-like songs. In February, her Facebook page revealed that Cascada had recorded the track, and that many would love it. On 2 March 2012, it was revealed that the new single was called "Summer of Love", and would be released on 30 March. A preview was released on the same day, with many praising the track for its dance composition as opposed to the more "pop" sound of their past few singles which had led to a decline in record sales. It was released on 30 March in Germany, Austria, Switzerland and the U.S. In the UK it was released on 22 July, it peaked at #123 on the UK singles chart.

## Music video

On 5 March 2012, Natalie posted a Facebook update stating that she was on her way to Tenerife to shoot the music video for the single. A music video was first released onto YouTube on 22 March 2012 at a total length of three minutes and thirty-nine seconds.

## Release history

| Country | Date | Format | Label |
| Austria | 30 March 2012 | Digital download/Physical copy | Zooland |
| Germany | 30 March 2012 | Digital download/Physical copy | Zooland |
| Switzerland | 30 March 2012 | Digital download/Physical copy | Zooland |
| United States | 30 March 2012 | Digital download | Zooland |
| France | 6 April 2012 | Digital download/Physical copy | Zooland |
| United Kingdom | 22 July 2012 | Digital download/Physical copy | All Around the World |
# Ali Dee Theodore

Ali Theodore, known professionally as Ali Dee Theodore, is an American rapper, composer, songwriter, business owner, and music producer, based in Manhattan, New York City. He is also the founder and owner of DeeTown Entertainment and the publishing company Canvas 1, which is affiliated with BMI.

## Early life and education

Ali Theodore was born in Manhattan, New York City, United States. His mother was Lee Theodore and his father Paris Theodore. His grandmother was Nenette (Charisse) Tucker, and Cyd Charisse was his aunt.

## Career

Theodore is a rapper, composer, songwriter, and record producer.
He has composed music for films, including Despicable Me 4 (2024).

## Businesses

Theodore is the founder and owner of DeeTown Entertainment and the publishing company Canvas 1, which is affiliated with BMI, based in Manhattan.

## Recognition and accolades

In 2010 Theodore was named as "New York's Rising Stars" in Crain's New York Business's "40 Under 40" issue.

## Discography
### Ali Dee and the Forty Thieves

Ali Dee and the Forty Thieves (Cassette, Advance, Album, Promo); EMI Records Group North America, EMI Genre: Hip Hop Style: Boom bap, Hardcore Hip-Hop Released: 1992
   New rapper Dee breaks a sweat on this fun and danceable pop/hip -hop romp. His rapid -fire phrasing is a good contrast to the track's air -punching chants at the chorus. Crisp beats and slowly insinuating melody add up to a potential hit at several formats -but don't be surprised if urban is first to jump aboard. Also, check out "Bring It On" on the flipside.
   — Larry Flick, editor for Billboard Singles Reviews pg. 107, November 28, 1992, 11:45pm

### Bring It On

Released: 1993 on EMI America Records Genre: Hip Hop Style: Boom Bap, Hardcore Hip-Hop
Total album play time: 39:40

### Other album versions

These were other release versions in 1993. Bring It On (LP, Promo); EMI Records USA, EMI Records Group North America
# Riley

Riley may refer to:

## Businesses

* Riley (brand), British sporting goods brand founded in 1878
* Riley Motor, British motorcar and bicycle manufacturera 1890–1969
* Riley Technologies, American auto racing constructor and team, founded by Bob Riley in 2001
* Riley & Scott, former American racing constructor and racing team founded by Bob Riley and Mark Scott in 1990
* Riley & Son, a British railway locomotive engineering and refurbishment company

## People

* Riley (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name
* Riley (surname), including a list of people and fictional characters with the surname

## Places
### United States

* Riley, Illinois
** Riley Township, Illinois
* Riley, Indiana
** Riley Township, Vigo County, Indiana
* Riley, Hancock County, Indiana
* Riley Township, Ringgold County, Iowa
* Riley County, Kansas
** Riley, Kansas
* Riley Township, Clinton County, Michigan
* Riley Township, St. Clair County, Michigan
* Riley, New Mexico
* Riley, North Carolina
* Riley Township, Putnam County, Ohio
* Riley Township, Sandusky County, Ohio
* Riley, Oregon
* Riley, West Virginia
* Riley, Wisconsin, an unincorporated community

### Elsewhere

* Riley Park, Vancouver, a neighborhood in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
* Riley Creek (Ontario), a tributary of the Black River in Central Ontario, Canada
* Riley (crater), on Venus

## Other uses

* Riley (film), a 2023 American drama
* Riley (horse) (1887–1910), an American racehorse
# Adam Kane

Adam Kane is an American cinematographer, film director, television director and producer.
Since the 1990s, Kane has cinematography credits for the films Hail Caesar, The Boondock Saints, The Man, and Skinwalkers.
In 2005, he transitioned to directing, starting with the short film The Fix starring Robert Patrick. As a television director, his credits include Pushing Daisies, My Own Worst Enemy, Supernatural, Kings, Mercy, Heroes, The Mentalist, Haven, Being Human, Hannibal, 24: Live Another Day, Daredevil, Supergirl, and Star Trek: Discovery. In 2009, Kane directed the film Formosa Betrayed starring James Van Der Beek.
He is an alumnus of New York University's Tisch School of the Arts and the AFI Conservatory. He was married to actress Leslie Hope.
# Alexander Bicks

Alexander Bicks (March 17, 1901 – May 9, 1963) was an American lawyer and jurist who served as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.

## Early life and education

Born in the Russian Empire, Bicks received a Bachelor of Laws from New York University School of Law in 1922.

## Career

Bicks worked in private practice in New York City, New York from 1924 to 1954. On April 6, 1954, Bicks was nominated by President Dwight D. Eisenhower to a seat on the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York vacated by Judge Vincent L. Leibell. Bicks was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 11, 1954, and received his commission on May 12, 1954. He served in that capacity until his death on May 9, 1963, in New York City.

## Personal life

Bicks's son, Robert Bicks was a lawyer who served in the United States Department of Justice Antitrust Division.