OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Alkaid

Alkaid /ælˈkeɪd/, also called Eta Ursae Majoris (Latinised from η Ursae Majoris, abbreviated Eta UMa, η UMa), is a star in the constellation of Ursa Major. It is the easternmost star in the Big Dipper (or Plough) asterism. However, unlike most stars of the Big Dipper, it is not a member of the Ursa Major moving group. With an apparent visual magnitude of +1.86, it is the third-brightest star in the constellation and one of the brightest stars in the night sky.

## Physical properties

Alkaid is a 10-million-year-old B-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of B3 V. Since 1943, the spectrum of this star has served as one of the stable anchor points by which other stars are classified. It has six times the mass; 3.4 times the radius, and is radiating around 594 times as much energy as the Sun. Its outer atmosphere has an effective temperature of about 15,540 K, giving it the blue-white hue of a B-type star. This star is an X-ray emitter with a luminosity of 9.3 × 10$^{28}$ erg s$^{−1}$.
Eta Ursae Majoris was listed as a standard star for the spectral type B3 V. It has broadened absorption lines due to its rapid rotation, which is common in stars of this type. However, the lines are very slightly distorted and variable, which may be caused by some emission from a weak disk of material produced by the rapid rotation.
Alkaid is a relatively nearby and bright star and has been examined closely, but no exoplanets or companion stars have been discovered.

## Nomenclature

η Ursae Majoris (Latinised to Eta Ursae Majoris) is the star's Bayer designation. The International Astronomical Union has formally chosen the proper name Alkaid for this star.
It bore the traditional names Alkaid (or Elkeid from the Arabic القايد القائد) and Benetnasch /ˈbɛnɛtnæʃ/. Alkaid derives from the Arabic phrase meaning "The leader of the daughters of the bier" (قائد بنات نعش ‹See RfD› qā'id bināt naʿsh). The daughters of the bier, i.e. the mourning maidens, are the three stars of the handle of the Big Dipper, Alkaid, Mizar, and Alioth; while the four stars of the bowl, Megrez, Phecda, Merak, and Dubhe, are the bier.
It is known as Běidǒuqī (北斗七 - the Seventh Star of the Northern Dipper) or Yáoguāng (瑤光 - the Star of Twinkling Brilliance) in Chinese.
The Hindus knew this star as Marīci, one of the Seven Rishis.
In Japan and Korea, Alkaid is known as Hagunsei and Mukokseong respectively ("the military breaking star" or "most corner star"). Both meanings come from ancient China's influence in both countries.

## In culture

USS Alkaid (AK-114) was a United States Navy Crater class cargo ship named after the star.
Alkaid is one of the Behenian fixed stars, used in Alchemy.
The fossil starfish Alkaidia is named after Alkaid.
# Dick Todd (singer)

Dick Todd (August 4, 1914 – May 1973) was a Canadian pop singer, most active from the 1930s to 1950s. He was nicknamed the Canadian Crosby, due to his supposed vocal similarity to Bing Crosby, and was born in Montreal.

## Early years

Todd sang in school programs as early as age 6. When he was 14, he worked as a log driver in a lumber camp.
His public schooling came at Macdonald Campus of McGill University and went on to study engineering at McGill. where he also played football. (Another source says that he was a music major at McGill.)

## Radio

Todd sang on a radio program in Canada in 1933.
After he came to the United States in 1938 to sing on broadcasts of Larry Clinton's orchestra, Todd became a favourite with radio listeners across the country.
During 1944–1945, Todd spent a year on a USO tour, entertaining troops during World War II. He returned to network radio July 28, 1945, on Your Hit Parade, replacing Lawrence Tibbett as the featured male singer, counterpart to Joan Edwards.
He was a soloist on programs such as Melody and Madness, Avalon Time, Rinso-Spry Vaudeville Theatre, Hometown Incorporated, and Show Boat.

## Recording

In the late 1930s, Todd signed a contract with RCA Victor to record for the company's Bluebird Records label. During his career he recorded such hits as "You're the Only Star in My Blue Heaven", "It's A Hap-Hap-Happy Day" and "Blue Orchids". In a 1940 magazine article, a writer commented, "He has the heaviest record-making schedule of any singer in the country."

### Hit records

| Year | Single | Chart positions | Chart positions | Chart positions | Chart positions | Chart positions |
| Year | Single | US | US R&B | US AC | US Country | UK |
| 1938 | "The Girl in the Bonnet of Blue" | 9 | — | — | — | — |
| 1938 | "Love Doesn't Grow on Trees" | 20 | — | — | — | — |
| 1938 | "When Paw Was Courtin' Maw" | 9 | — | — | — | — |
| 1939 | "Little Sir Echo" | 10 | — | — | — | — |
| 1939 | "It's a Hundred to One (I'm in Love)" | 12 | — | — | — | — |
| 1940 | "To You, Sweetheart, Aloha" | 10 | — | — | — | — |
| 1940 | "The Gaucho Serenade" | 4 | — | — | — | — |
| 1940 | "Angel in Disguise" | 13 | — | — | — | — |
| 1940 | "The Singing Hills" | 16 | — | — | — | — |
| 1940 | "Make Believe Island" | 14 | — | — | — | — |
| 1940 | "All This and Heaven Too" | 20 | — | — | — | — |
| 1940 | "You Can't Brush Me Off" (with Dinah Shore) | 24 | — | — | — | — |
| 1940 | "Goodnight, Mother" | 24 | — | — | — | — |
| 1950 | "Daddy's Little Girl" (with Phil Ellis Choristers) | 11 | — | — | — | — |
| 1953 | "Till I Waltz Again with You | 17 | — | — | — | — |

## Film

Todd made a couple of short features for Paramount Pictures.
# Don't Save Me (Haim song)

"Don't Save Me" is a song by American rock band Haim. The song was released in the United Kingdom on November 8, 2012. It was featured on their debut studio album, Days Are Gone, released in 2013. On December 23, 2012, the song entered the UK Singles Chart at number 74. On January 6, 2013, the song re-entered the UK Singles Chart at number 51, climbing to number 32 the following week. The song premiered on BBC Radio 1 as Zane Lowe's 'Hottest Record' on October 16, 2012. A music video to accompany the release of "Don't Save Me" was first released onto YouTube on November 26, 2012, at a total length of three minutes and fifty-six seconds. On November 23, 2013, the band performed the song on Saturday Night Live. The song impacted radio on October 14, 2014.
The 7" single was released by Neon Gold Records on December 10th, 2012.

## Track listing
### 7" single and digital download

* "Don't Save Me" – 3:52
* "Send Me Down" – 4:19

### 10" single

Side A:
* "Don't Save Me" – 3:52
* "Send Me Down" – 4:19
Side B:
* "Don't Save Me" – 5:17 (Cyril Hahn Remix)

## Charts

| Chart (2012–13) | Peak position |
| Australia (ARIA) | 66 |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 28 |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 70 |
| Scotland (OCC) | 32 |
| Switzerland Airplay (Schweizer Hitparade) | 61 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 32 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Gold | 35,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Chicopee

Chicopee may refer to:

## Place names

In the United States:
* Chicopee, Georgia, a village that is part of the city of Gainesville
* Chicopee, Kansas
* Chicopee, Massachusetts
* Chicopee River, Massachusetts
** Chicopee Valley Aqueduct
** Chicopee Falls Dam
* Chicopee, Missouri

## Vessels

* USS Chicopee (1863), a Civil War era vessel
* Chicopee class oiler, a modern class of vessels
** USS Chicopee (AO-34)
* Chicopee (brig), built in Medford, MA, 1845

## Other uses

* Chicopee Ski Club, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
# Mesogenea

Mesogenea is a genus of moths of the family Erebidae. The genus was erected by George Hampson in 1902.

## Species

Some species of this genus are:
* Mesogenea costimacula Hampson, 1926
* Mesogenea excavata Hampson, 1926
* Mesogenea persinuosa Hampson, 1910
* Mesogenea varians Hampson, 1902
# Tiruvaneshwar Temple

Tiruvaneshwar Temple is a Shiva temple located at Ranganathapuram in the Thiruvaiyaru taluk of Thanjavur district in Tamil Nadu. The temple is dedicated to Shiva.

## Location

Tiruvaneshwar temple is located with the coordinates of (10°50′12″N 78°56′06″E﻿ / ﻿10.8366°N 78.9349°E﻿ / 10.8366; 78.9349) at Ranganathapuram in Thiruvaiyaru Taluk

## Main deities

The main deity in this temple is Tiruvaneshwar. He is also called as Gajaranyeswar, Karivananathar, Aneswarar and Anaikaraperumanar and the goddess is Kamakshi Ambal.

## Importance

Chandrashekharendra Saraswati VIII, pontiff of Kanchi Kamakoti Peetham in his lifetime stayed here for a week, for meditation.

## Sub deities

Durga, Gajalakshmi, Brahma, Chandikeswarar, Valampuri Vinayaka, Subramanian with His consorts Valli and Devasena, Nandi and Navagraha are the sub deities in this temple.

## Maintenance

This temple is maintained under the control of Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department, Government of Tamil Nadu.
# Robert Douglas, 8th Earl of Morton

Robert Douglas, Earl of Morton (died 12 November 1649) was a Scottish nobleman and Earl of Morton. He was the son of William Douglas, 7th Earl of Morton and Lady Anne Keith, daughter of George Keith, 5th Earl Marischal.

## Life

In April 1627, Robert Douglas, then known as Lord Dalkeith, married Anne Villiers, a daughter of Sir Edward Villiers. George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, promised to pay his father, William Douglas, 7th Earl of Morton, £5,000 and settle a landed income of £3,000 yearly on Lord Dalkeith of which £1,000 would be Anne's jointure and £1,000 used for the couple's expenses.
After his father's death, Robert acted in a high-handed way in Orkney, overriding udal law, to raise money for the royalist cause. The Morton interest in Orkney was a royal grant of Charles I, to compensate the 7th Earl for his subsidies and losses in the royal cause. At this point of the War of the Three Kingdoms the Morton control of Orkney assumed importance, because the forces of James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose intended in 1649 to land there and re-open the fighting in Scotland.
Robert Douglas died on 12 November 1649, in Kirkwall.

## Family

He was succeeded by his son, William Douglas, 9th Earl of Morton. He also had two daughters by his wife: Lady Anne Douglas, who married the Earl Marischal, and Lady Mary Douglas, who married Sir Donald Macdonald.
# Meristics

Meristics is an area of zoology and botany which relates to counting quantitative features of animals and plants, such as the number of fins or scales in fish. A meristic (countable trait) can be used to describe a particular species, or used to identify an unknown species. Meristic traits are often described in a shorthand notation called a meristic formula.
Meristic characters are the countable structures occurring in series (e.g. myomeres, vertebrae, fin rays). These characters are among the characters most commonly used for differentiation of species and populations. In the salmonids, scale counts have been most widely used for the differentiation of populations within species. In rainbow and steelhead trout the most notable differences among populations occur in counts of scales. Meristic comparison is used in phenetic and cladistic analysis.

## Meristic analysis

A meristic study is often a difficult task. For example, counting the features of a fish is not as easy as it may appear. Many meristic analyses are performed on dead fish that have been preserved in alcohol. Meristic traits are less easily observed on living fish, though it is possible. On very small fish, a microscope may be required.
Ichthyologists follow a basic set of rules when performing a meristic analysis, to remove as much ambiguity as possible. The specific practice, however, may vary depending on the type of fish. The methodology for counting meristic traits should be described by the specialist who performs the analysis.

## Meristic formula

A meristic formula is a shorthand method of describing the way the bones (rays) of a bony fish's fins are arranged. It is comparable to the floral formula for flowers.
Spine counts are given in Roman numerals, e.g. XI-XIV. Ray counts are given in Arabic numerals, e.g. 11–14.
The meristic formula of the dusky spinefoot (Siganus luridus) is: D, XIV+10; A, VII+8-9; P, 16–17; V, I+3+I; GR, 18-22
This means the fish has 14 spiny rays (bones) in the first part of its dorsal fin (D), followed by 10 soft rays. A is the anal fin, P represents the pectoral fins (near the gills and eyes), V represents the ventral or pelvic fins, and C is the caudal fin or tail (not indicated in this example). GR means gill raker count (see below).

## Vertebral counts

The number of bones in the backbone is a feature which can also be used to classify fish species. Usually all the vertebrae are counted. Vertebral counts may be split into abdominal (those associated with the body cavity) and caudal (tail) vertebrae. If there are sutures in the urostyle, components are counted, otherwise the urostyle is usually counted as one vertebra.

## Gill raker counts

The number of gill rakers on the first gill arch can also be used to identify a fish species. Rakers are counted for the upper and lower limbs of the gill arch, and a raker at the joint of the upper and lower limbs is counted as of the lower. Counts for the upper and lower limbs are separated by a + sign and ranges are bracketed, e.g., GR: 3 + (4-5).
# Moliyili

Moliyili also known as University of Moliyili was a historical centre of learning and craftsmanship in the West African kingdom of Dagbon. Presently, it is located within the Yendi Municipal District. Moliyili flourished during the 18th and 19th centuries, and played a significant role in the kingdom's intellectual and cultural development. It had a clerical hierarchy administering educational centres led by the Yidan Moli. Today, the Yidan Moli is the head clergy officiating the Damba festival of the Yaa Naa, the king of Dagbon, who resides in the Gbewaa Palace of Northern Ghana.

## Etymology

Moliyili means "House of the Learned" in the Dagbani language (derived from moli - learned person, and yili - house).
# Petr Gottwald

Petr Gottwald (born 28 April 1973) is a Czech professional footballer who plays as an offensive midfielder.

## Club career

Gottwald has played for several Czech and Austrian football clubs, and in 1998 played for the Jeonbuk Dinos in South Korea's K League.
# A Little Messed Up

A Little Messed Up is the third studio album by pop-punk band The Dollyrots. It was released on August 17, 2010 on Blackheart Records.

## Reception

The Allmusic review by Tim Sendra awarded the album 3.5 stars stating "The Dollyrots' third album takes the California trio one step further away from the punky sound of their 2004 debut record on Lookout and toward the mainstream... Many of the songs are uptempo and almost fiery, but on the whole, the record is more cuddly than dangerous. Basically, they've tipped the balance on the pop-punk scale completely to the pop side, and anyone looking for a record that has some bite or holds any surprises might want to look elsewhere. And if you were a fan of the earlier Dollyrots albums, you may be a bit disappointed by the direction they've taken. Having said that, A Little Messed Up isn't a bad record."
Writing for Pop Matters, critic Lana Cooper said "the Dollyrots continue their mission as purveyors of peppy pop punk." and gave the album a 7/10 rating.
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Luis Cabezas and Kelly Ogden except where noted

## Personnel

The following people worked on the album:
# Jasmine Sanders

Jasmine Sanders (born June 22, 1991), also known as Golden Barbie, is an American model and fashion influencer.

## Early life

Sanders was born in 1991 in Frankenthal, Germany to a German mother and an African-American father; she was raised in Columbia, South Carolina.

## Career

Sanders started her career as a teenager, modeling for Seventeen, Free People, Nike, and ALDO shoes. She made a shift towards high fashion work by walking the runway for Miu Miu's S/S 2016 show. She has also appeared in runway shows for designers including Moschino, Ralph Lauren, DKNY, Jeremy Scott, Julien MacDonald, and Philip Plein.
Sanders has appeared in editorials for American Vogue, Vogue Italia, British Vogue, Vogue Russia, Vogue Arabia, LOVE, Allure, CR Fashion Book, Esquire, Glamour, GQ, Interview and W. Sanders has appeared on numerous magazine covers, including the November 2018 cover of the Turkish edition of Elle Magazine, Harper's Bazaar Kazakhstan, Harper's Bazaar Mexico, InStyle Russia, L'Officiel Switzerland, Lui Magazine, Ocean Drive, Treats!, Wonderland Magazine, and Maxim in late 2019. She has had advertising campaigns for Bvlgari, Roberto Cavalli, MCM, Ralph Lauren, Ugg, Gap, Victoria's Secret PINK, and American Eagle. Sanders has worked with photographers like Steven Klein, Inez & Vinoodh, Cass Bird, Patrick Demarchelier, Glen Luchford, Alasdair McLellan, Ezra Petronio, Sølve Sundsbø, Ellen von Unwerth, and Gilles Bensimon.
Sanders is a muse of makeup artist Pat McGrath. In 2017, Sanders became a spokesmodel for Reebok, and designed her own sneaker which launched in December 2017.
Models.com ranks her as one of the "Sexiest Models". Sanders appeared in the 2019 edition of the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue, and was named Rookie of the Year. She appeared on the cover of the 2020 issue alongside Kate Bock and Olivia Culpo.
Sanders has appeared on NBC's Extra as a special correspondent, as a guest judge on America's Next Top Model and American Beauty Star, and a contestant on VH1's Hip-Hop Squares. In 2015, Sanders appeared on an episode of MTV's Catfish: The TV Show when a woman was using her images under the name "Trinity".

## Personal life

From 2016 to 2018, she was in a relationship with actor Terrence J. Sanders began a relationship with professional coach Anthony Rhoades in 2020, and the couple have tattoos of each others' names.

## Filmography

Film and television roles :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2014 | School Dance | Jasmine | Film |
| 2015 | Catfish: The TV Show | Herself | Season 4, Episode 13 |
| 2016–17 | Extra | Herself | 3 episodes |
| 2017 | America's Next Top Model | Herself / model | Episode: "Major Key Alert" |
| 2017–19 | Hip Hop Squares | Herself / Panelist | 4 episodes |
| 2019 | Lindsay Lohan's Beach Club | Herself / VIP Guest | Episode: "Lindsay's Choice" |
| 2019 | Scream | Nurse | Episode: "Blindspots" |
# Abdul Ghani

Abdul Ghani (Arabic: عبد الغني) or Abdulghani or Abdelghani or similar variants is a male Muslim given name, and in modern usage, surname. It is built from the Arabic words Abd, al- and Ghani. The name means "servant of the All-sufficient", Al-Ghaniyy being one of the names of God in the Qur'an, which give rise to the Muslim theophoric names.
The letter a of the al- is unstressed, and can be transliterated by almost any vowel, often by u. The last element may appear as Gani, Ghany or in other ways, with the whole name subject to variable spacing and hyphenation.
There is also the West African variant Abdul Ganiyu.
It may refer to:

## Given name

* Abdul Ghani Saheb Saudagar (1843–1897), Nawab of Kholapur, Maharashtra, India
* Abdul Gani (soldier) (1919–1957), Bengali military officer
* Abdel Ghani el-Gamasy (1921–2003), Egyptian soldier
* Abdul Ghani Lone (1932–2002), Indian lawyer and politician
* Abdul Ghani Minhat (1935-2012), Malaysian footballer
* Abdul Ghani Othman (born 1946), politician in Johor, Malaysia
* Abdelghani Djaadaoui, or just Abdel Djaadaoui (born 1947), Algerian footballer
* Abdul Ghani (Indian politician) (born 1950), Indian politician
* Abdul Gani Patail (born 1955), Malaysian lawyer
* Abdul Ghani Baradar (born 1963), co-founder and political leader of the Afghan Taliban
* Abdul Ghani Kasuba (1951-2025), Indonesian politician
* Abdelghani Mzoudi (born 1972), Moroccan accused in Germany of terrorism
* Abdul Ghani Rahman (born 1985), Malaysian footballer
* Abdul Ghani Ahmad (born 1970), Malaysian politician
* Abdul Ghani Azhari (1922-2023), Indian Islamic scholar
* Abdul Ghani (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa politician), Pakistani politician
* Abdul Ghani (JUI-F politician) (died 2011), Pakistani religious and political leader

## Middle name

* Khan Abdul Ghani Khan (1914–1996), Pashtun-nationalist poet
* Emad Abdul-Ghani Sabouni (born 1964), Syrian politician
* Hussein Abdulghani Sulaimani, or just Hussein Sulaimani (born 1977), Saudi footballer

## Surname

* Khwaja Abdul Ghani (1813–1896), Nawab of Dhaka
* Mohamed Ben Ahmed Abdelghani (1927–1996), Algerian politician
* Abdul Aziz Abdul Ghani (1939–2011), Yemeni politician
* Magdi Abdelghani (born 1959), Egyptian footballer
* Mohamed Abdulghani, Somali politician
* Alaa Abdel-Ghany (born 1979), Egyptian footballer
* Ahmed Abdel-Ghani (born 1981), Egyptian footballer
* Safwan Abdul-Ghani (born 1983), Iraqi footballer
* Amran Abdul Ghani (born 1973), Malaysian politician
* Abdulrahman Abd Ghani, former President of the Somali Region

## Nicknames

* Abdul Ghani Afghan, former Guantanamo detainee (ISN 934). See List of Afghan detainees at Guantanamo Bay /Abdul Ghani
* Abdul Ghani (Guantanamo detainee 943), Afghan, former Guantanamo detainee (ISN 943). See List of Afghan detainees at Guantanamo Bay /Abdul Ghani
# Dot Hacker (EP)

Dot Hacker is the debut self-titled EP by alternative rock band Dot Hacker released in February 2012. The 4-track EP was followed by the release of their full-length debut album, Inhibition, later that year.
# Reduit

A reduit is a fortified structure such as a citadel or a keep into which the defending troops can retreat when the outer defences are breached. The term is also used to describe an area of a country that, through a ring of heavy fortifications or through enhancing through fortification the defences offered by natural features such as mountains, will be defended even when the rest of the country is occupied by a hostile power.

## National Reduit

In English the term National redoubt is fairly commonly used. A redoubt is an outlying fortification, so its use to describe the Nazis' National Redoubt in the German and Austrian Alps is an accurate description. However another term that is sometimes used in English and more frequently used in French is "national reduit" (réduit national) to describe the holding of the centre of a country while abandoning outlying territory.
Examples of this usage are:
* National Redoubt (French: Réduit national), a ring of forts built around Antwerp built between 1859 and 1914, was to be Belgium's national redoubt.
* National Redoubt (French: Réduit national, German: Schweizer Réduit) was a strategy by which the Swiss would first seek to hold an invading army on the border. If that failed, the army would launch a delaying war, allowing the bulk of the Swiss forces to withdraw to a defensible perimeter in the Swiss Alps.
* Réduit des Flandres, during the Battle of France of the Second World War, around the Channel ports of Boulogne, Calais and Dunkirk.
* Réduit Breton, also during the Battle of France in a later phase, in the peninsula of Brittany.