# Siddharth Kara

Siddharth Kara is an American author. He is a Pulitzer Prize finalist, a British Academy Global Professor, and an associate professor at the University of Nottingham. He is best known for his book Cobalt Red: How the Blood of the Congo Powers Our Lives (2023). He has also published a trilogy on modern slavery: Sex Trafficking: Inside the Business of Modern Slavery (2009), Bonded Labor: Tackling the System of Slavery in South Asia (2012), and Modern Slavery: A Global Perspective (2017).

## Early life

Kara was born in Knoxville, Tennessee, to Indian parents of Hindu and Parsi background. He grew up between Memphis, Tennessee, where he attended Memphis University School, and Mumbai, India, where he spent most of his summers.

## Education and early career

Kara received a BA in English and Philosophy from Duke University (including one semester at Queen Mary College, University of London). While at Duke University, Kara co-founded the Duke Refugee Action Project, which was the precursor to the prestigious Hart Leadership Program at the Sanford School of Public Policy The project was set up to enable students to volunteer in Bosnian refugee camps in the former Yugoslavia. He and a few other students obtained a grant from the university, learned basic Bosnian, and procured placements from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to volunteer at camps in the region.
Kara worked as an investment banker at Merrill Lynch in New York City for several years, during which time he was involved in some of the firm's largest M&A and equity financing transactions.
He received an MBA from Columbia University. While attending Columbia, he became increasingly aware of the need for a more analytical finance and economics approach to understanding modern slavery. The summer he graduated from Columbia, he embarked on the first of several long self-funded journeys across the world to research contemporary slavery and child labor. Upon his return, he decided not to resume his career in investment banking, in order to be able to continue his research and analysis of contemporary slavery. He later received a law degree from the BPP Law School in London.

## Research and writing

Kara's research travels have taken him to more than fifty countries across six continents, where he has interviewed several thousand former and current slaves of all kinds. Most of the research for Kara's books has been self-funded, though he has also received research support from major charitable foundations such as Humanity United and Google.org.

### Cobalt Red: How the Blood of the Congo Powers Our Lives (2023)

In January 2023, Kara's non-fiction book Cobalt Red: How the Blood of the Congo Powers Our Lives was released by St. Martin's Press, which debuted on the NY Times Bestseller List and was a finalist for the 2024 Pulitzer Prize in nonfiction. Cobalt Red is the first-ever book to investigate human rights and environmental abuses involving the mining of cobalt in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The DR Congo supplies almost 75 percent of the world's supply of cobalt, which is used in the manufacture of lithium-ion rechargeable batteries found in smartphones, tablets, laptops, and electric vehicles. Praise for Cobalt Red includes:
Kara has also appeared extensively in the media to talk about the human rights abuses involved with cobalt mining, including on The Joe Rogan Experience, Fresh Air, CNN, Fox News, and ABC News.
Cobalt Red was a finalist for the 2024 Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction.
In addition, the book was:
--- a finalist for the 2024 PEN America PEN/John Kenneth Galbraith Award for Nonfiction
--- shortlisted for the 2023 Financial Times Business Book of the Year Award.
--- named to the NY Times list of 100 Notable Books for the 2023.
--- named to the New Yorker list of Best Books for the 2023.
--- listed as one of the Best Books of 2023 by Goodreads.
--- named one of the Top 16 Books of 2023 by Wired.

### Sex Trafficking: Inside the Business of Modern Slavery (2009)

Kara's first non-fiction book on contemporary slavery, Sex Trafficking: Inside the Business of Modern Slavery, was published by Columbia University Press in January 2009. The book won the 2010 Frederick Douglass Book Prize, given to the most outstanding nonfiction book on the subject of slavery and/or abolition and antislavery movements.
The book has been recommended by the Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations and head of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. It has been lauded by academics, policy-makers and the press, with the Financial Times describing it as an "eloquent and campaigning book", and slavery experts heralding it as "groundbreaking" and the "best book yet on the enduring problem of modern-day slavery".

### Bonded Labor: Tackling the System of Slavery in South Asia (2012)

Kara's second non-fiction book on contemporary slavery, Bonded Labor: Tackling the System of Slavery in South Asia, was released by Columbia University Press in October 2012. The book focuses on the pervasive system of bonded labor, encompassing roughly six out of every ten slaves in the world. Its geographic focus is South Asia, covering such industries as hand-woven-carpet making, tea and rice farming, construction, brick manufacture, and frozen-shrimp production.
The book received high commendations from scholars, activists, non-profit organisations and governments, and was covered as part of a three part series on the CNN International primetime news program Connect the World with Becky Anderson.

### Modern Slavery: A Global Perspective (2017)

Kara's third non-fiction book on contemporary slavery, Modern Slavery: A Global Perspective was released by Columbia University Press in October 2017. The book had its launch at the United Nations, and has been lauded by experts in the field, including Luis CdeBaca, former U.S. Ambassador-at-Large to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons and Swanee Hunt, former U.S. Ambassador to Austria.

## Media

Kara has appeared extensively in the media as an expert on modern slavery, including appearances on the Joe Rogan Experience, Fresh Air with Terry Gross, CNN, Fox News, ABC News, and CNBC
Kara is a regular contributor to The CNN Freedom Project: Ending Modern Day Slavery, CNN's initiative to expose modern-day slavery around the world and highlight the efforts being made to eradicate it.

## Academia
### British Academy and University of Nottingham, UK

In the Summer of 2020, Kara was one of 10 experts and scholars awarded the prestigious Global Professorship by the British Academy. As part of the program he began an Associate Professor position with the Rights Lab and the School of Sociology and Social Policy at the University of Nottingham in October 2020.

### Harvard University

In the fall of 2009, Kara became the first Fellow on Human Trafficking with the Carr Center for Human Rights Policy at the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. In the Spring of 2012, Kara taught the first course on human trafficking at the Harvard Kennedy School. He also accepted a joint appointment as a visiting scientist on Forced Labor at the FXB Center for Health and Human Rights at Harvard School of Public Health. In the spring of 2013, Kara became an adjunct lecturer in public policy to continue to teach his course on slavery and trafficking. He also accepted an appointment as the director of the Program on Human Trafficking and Modern Slavery at the Carr Center for Human Rights Policy at the Harvard Kennedy School.

### University of California, Berkeley

In the Spring of 2016, Kara became a lecturer in Global Poverty and Practice at the Blum Center for Developing Economies at the University of California, Berkeley, teaching the same course on slavery and trafficking that he taught later in the year at Harvard University.

## Personal

Kara spends his time between Los Angeles and London. He is married to neuroscientist Aditi Shankardass.