OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Murdu Fernando

Murdu Nirupa Bidushinie Fernando, PC is a Sri Lankan lawyer currently serving as the 48th Chief Justice of Sri Lanka since 2 December 2024. Previously, she served as the acting Chief Justice from 10 October to 1 December 2024. She is the second of only two women to hold the position.
She was appointed as a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka on 9 March 2018 by President Maithripala Sirisena. Previously she served as the senior additional solicitor general in the Attorney General's Department.

## Education

Fernando received an education at Princess of Wales' College, Moratuwa, where she was the head prefect and house captain, she won the awards for best debater and junior prize for the Most Outstanding Student. She went on to study law at the University of Colombo graduating with a Bachelor of Laws, and completed the law examinations at the Sri Lanka Law College, becoming the first in the order of merit and winning the first scholarship, the Sir Lalitha Rajapakse Memorial Prize and the A. B. Cooray Memorial Prize. She would later gain a Master of Laws from King’s College, London.

## Career

Fernando joined the Attorney General's Department as a state counsel, where she served for over 30 years having been promoted to senior state counsel, deputy solicitor general, additional solicitor general and senior additional solicitor general. She was appointed a President's Counsel while serving as an additional solicitor general.

## Supreme Court

Fernando was appointed as a justice of the Supreme Court by President Maithripala Sirisena on 9 March 2018. She was appointed as acting Chief Justice of Sri Lanka on 10 October 2024 by President Anura Kumara Dissanayake. On 16 November 2024, the Constitutional Council approved the recommendation to appoint Fernando as the 48th Chief Justice of Sri Lanka. She was officially sworn in on 2 December 2024 by President Dissanayake.
# Anjunabeats Volume 13

Anjunabeats Volume 13 is the thirteenth installment in the Anjunabeats Volume compilation series mixed and compiled by British trance group Above & Beyond. It was released on 10 February 2017 through Anjunabeats.

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format |
| Worldwide | 10 February 2017 | Anjunabeats | CD, Digital Download |
# How Green Was My Valley (1960 TV series)

How Green Was My Valley is a British historical television drama series which originally aired on BBC One in eight parts during 1960. It is an adaptation of the 1939 novel How Green Was My Valley by Richard Llewellyn, set in a Welsh coal-mining community.

## Cast

* Eynon Evans as Gwylim Morgan Sr. (8 episodes)
* Rachel Thomas as Beth Morgan (8 episodes)
* Glyn Houston as Davy Morgan (7 episodes)
* William Squire as Rev. Merddyn Gruffydd (7 episodes)
* Sulwen Morgan as Angharad Morgan (6 episodes)
* Margaret John as Bronwen Morgan (5 episodes)
* Henley Thomas as Huw Morgan (4 episodes)
* Islwyn Evans as Huw Morgan (4 episodes)
* Anita Morgan as Ceinwen Phillips (4 episodes)
* Michael Forrest as Dai Bando (4 episodes)
* Hugh David as Owen Morgan (3 episodes)
* Emrys James as Gwilym Morgan Jr. (3 episodes)
* David Lyn as Ivor Morgan (3 episodes)
# Matthew P. A. Fisher

Matthew P. A. Fisher is an American theoretical physicist and professor of physics at the University of California, Santa Barbara, and is known for several major contributions to condensed matter physics. He completed his bachelor's degree in engineering physics from Cornell University in 1981 and earned a Ph.D. in theoretical physics from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1986 with Anthony Leggett as his advisor, with part of his work done under the supervision of Eduardo Fradkin. He went on to become first a visiting scientist and then a research staff member at IBM T. J. Watson Research Center (1986–1993). He joined the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics and the physics department of the University of California in 1993. In 2007 he joined Microsoft's Station Q as a research physicist, on leave from the UCSB physics department. During the academic year 2009–2010 he was on the faculty at Caltech, returning to the physics department at UCSB in summer 2010.
Fisher was awarded the Alan T. Waterman Award in 1995, and in 2015 he was a recipient of the Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize for his work on the superconductor-insulator transition. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2003 and to the National Academy of Sciences in 2012. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society.
Fisher is the son of English physicist Michael E. Fisher, and brother of American physicist Daniel S. Fisher.

## Research

Fisher is one of the leading figures in condensed matter physics, and has made important contributions to many areas in condensed matter physics. Some of his most important works have been in the theories of quantum phase transitions, in particular superconductor-insulator transitions (with Daniel Fisher, Steven Girvin and others) and deconfined quantum criticality (with Subir Sachdev, T. Senthil, Ashvin Vishwanath and Leon Balents). He has also made important contributions to superconductivity, in particular, introducing vortex-glass superconductivity as a possible new phase of matter and using bosonic particle-vortex dualities to describe the properties of superconductors (with Dung-Hai Lee). He has also made significant advances in the transport and other aspects of the physics of Luttinger liquids (with Charles Kane) and other one-dimensional problems in condensed matter such as the edges of quantum Hall states. He has also done important works in the area of quantum spin liquids, often using the aforementioned dualities to provide theoretical descriptions of various spin liquid phenomena (with Leon Balents, Michael Hermele, Jason Alicea, Shinsei Ryu and others). He has also made important contributions to the physics of carbon nanotubes (with Leon Balents and Charles Kane) and emergent Majorana fermions and related phenomena in quasi-one-dimensional problems (with Jason Alicea and others).
In recent years, Fisher has developed new interests in neuroscience, where in particular he has proposed the possibility (and mechanisms) of quantum information processing (specifically, quantum mind) in the human brain.
# 2003 Dibis Clashes

The Clash of Dibs District (Kurdish 2003 پێکدادانی دوبز ) – April 10, 2003
As the U.S.-led coalition launched its invasion of Iraq in March 2003, Kurdish forces, in coordination with American troops, began advancing toward key strategic areas in northern Iraq. Among the critical locations targeted was Dibs, a district situated west of Kirkuk. This region was controlled by Ba’athist Iraqi forces, which sought to prevent Kurdish expansion into Kirkuk and its surrounding areas.

## Beginning

By early April 2003, Kurdish Peshmerga forces, primarily from the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), prepared for an offensive to seize Dibs. Under the leadership of Kosrat Rasul Ali and Sheikh Jaafar Mustafa, the PUK coordinated with U.S. Special Forces, who provided intelligence, air support, and strategic planning. The objective was to eliminate remaining Ba’athist resistance and establish Kurdish control in the district, securing a pathway to Kirkuk.
On April 10, 2003, the attack on Dibs began. The Peshmerga forces, numbering approximately 1,800 fighters, advanced on the district from multiple directions. They faced an estimated 1,200 Iraqi troops, including elements from the 5th Corps of the Iraqi Army and Fedayeen Saddam militias. Despite their numerical strength, Iraqi forces were already weakened due to weeks of coalition bombings and internal collapses within Saddam Hussein’s military structure.
The battle escalated quickly as the Peshmerga engaged in urban combat. Heavy machine-gun fire, RPGs, and sniper attacks defined the engagement. The U.S. Green Berets and CIA operatives, embedded with Kurdish units, coordinated airstrikes on Iraqi defensive positions. The Iraqi forces put up resistance, using fortified positions inside buildings and along defensive lines. However, after several hours of intense fighting, the Peshmerga managed to break through their lines.
By the afternoon of April 10, most Iraqi forces had either surrendered, fled, or were killed in combat. An estimated 100 Ba’athist soldiers were killed, while 300 more were captured by Kurdish and U.S. forces. Kurdish casualties were lighter in comparison, with around 10 fighters killed and 30 wounded.

## Conclusion

With the fall of Dibs, the road to Kirkuk was open. The Kurdish victory allowed the Peshmerga and their allies to push forward, leading to the capture of Kirkuk the following day, on April 11, 2003. The battle of Dibs was a crucial moment in the broader Kurdish campaign during the Iraq War, marking a significant step toward their political and military objectives in northern Iraq
# 5 AM (Katy B song)

"5 AM" is a song by English singer Katy B. It was released on 4 November 2013 as the lead single from her second studio album Little Red (2014). The track was produced by Geeneus. The song reached number fourteen in the UK Singles Chart. On 10 November 2013, Katy appeared on The Xtra Factor to perform the song.

## Music video

The official video for "5 AM" premiered on 30 September 2013, at a total length of three minutes and twenty-one seconds.

## Critical reception

Robert Copsey of Digital Spy gave the song a mixed review, stating the following:
   "Judging by the music video that accompanies Katy B's new single, fame seems to be treating her rather well. Here, the sticky dancefloors and gritty urban haunts of her 'Lights On' and 'Easy Please Me' days have been replaced with a masquerade ball in a fancy country retreat. But despite embracing the perks that fame can bring, her problems are no less relatable.
   "It's 5am, all on my own/ I've lost my friends, I check my phone," she sings over spacey synths and laid-back house beats, proving she's still game for a knees-up. "I need somebody to calm me down/ A little lovin' like Valium," she then coolly confesses on a chorus that glides with the ease of a professional party-goer whose well in her comfort zone. The result is an effortless and slinky dancefloor thumper, but like most all-nighters, you'll struggle to recall it the following morning."
The writers of Rolling Stone placed the song at number thirty-two on their list of "50 Best Singles of 2013".

## Chart performance
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2013) | Peak position |
| Scotland (OCC) | 21 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 14 |

## Release history

| Country | Release date | Format |
| Worldwide | 28 October 2013 (2013-10-28) | Digital download |
# Erika Costell

Erika Michaelanne Costell (born November 12, 1992) is an American Internet personality. Her career began when she became associated with Team 10, an influencer marketing management agency. After dating YouTuber Jake Paul and featuring in his videos, Costell started her own YouTube channel, which increased her popularity.

## Early life and education

Costell was born in Toledo, Ohio, but she was raised in Bedford Township, Monroe County, Michigan, growing up with 12 siblings. At the age of 16, she began modeling while attending high school at Bedford High School in Michigan. She was previously represented by Wilhelmina International and the DAN Talent Group. After completing high school in 2011, she attended Middle Tennessee State University. She majored in business administration and left the university before her final semester in order to pursue modeling in Los Angeles.

## Career

In 2015, Costell became the first employee of Jake Paul's Team 10 on the business side as his assistant and later went on to be the COO Chief Operations Officer. In 2017, she began a YouTube channel where she regularly posts vlogs, reaction videos and music videos. Following her 2018 breakup with Paul, she left Team 10 to pursue her own independent career, and signed with The Orchard for music.
In 2017, her single "Jerika" with Paul was featured on the Billboard Hot 100 and the Canadian Hot 100.
In 2020, Costell started a record label named BIA Entertainment, which she describes as "a music label by women, for women."

## Discography
### Extended plays

* Don't Worry (2019)

### Singles
#### As lead artist

List of singles as a lead artist, with selected chart positions, showing year released and album name :
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Album |
| Title | Year | US | CAN | Album |
| "Jerika" (with Jake Paul featuring Uncle Kade) | 2017 | 86 | 76 | Non-album singles |
| "Chitty Bang" (featuring Jake Paul) | 2018 | — | — | Non-album singles |
| "Not Her" | 2018 | — | — | Non-album singles |
| "Karma" | 2018 | — | — | Non-album singles |
| "Dynamite" | 2018 | — | — | Non-album singles |
| "Queen" | 2019 | — | — | Non-album singles |
| "Thots Not Feelings" | 2019 | — | — | Non-album singles |
| "Second" | 2019 | — | — | Non-album single |
| "Don't Worry" | 2019 | — | — | "Don't Worry" |
| "Conscience" | 2019 | — | — | "Don't Worry" |
| "No Roof" | 2020 | — | — | Non-album single |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Result | Ref(s) |
| 2018 | Teen Choice Awards | Music Web Star | Won | |
# Amir Karaoui

Amir Karaoui (Arabic: أمير القروي; born 3 August 1987) is a professional footballer who plays for Al-Washm. He plays primarily as a defensive midfielder. Born in France, he played for Algeria national team at international level.

## Honours

* Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1: 2011–12, 2012–13
* Algerian Cup: 2011–12
# Pumpkin bread

Pumpkin bread is a type of moist quick bread made with pumpkin. The pumpkin can be cooked and softened before being used or simply baked with the bread; using canned pumpkin renders it a simpler dish to prepare. Additional ingredients include nuts (such as walnuts) and raisins.
Pumpkin bread is usually baked in a rectangular loaf pan and is often made in late fall when fresh pumpkins are available. It can be made into muffins by using a cupcake pan. It can also be made from canned pumpkin, resulting in a stronger pumpkin taste.
# Befri dig selv

Befri dig selv is the second studio album by Danish pop singer and songwriter Basim. It was released in Denmark on 19 October 2009. The album peaked at number 21 on the Danish Albums Chart. The album includes the singles "Befri dig selv" and "Baby"

## Singles

* "Befri dig selv" was released as the lead single from the album on 18 September 2009.

## Chart performance
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2009) | Peak position |
| Danish Albums (Hitlisten) | 8 |

## Release history

| Region | Release date | Format | Label |
| Denmark | 19 October 2009 | Digital Download | Universal Music Group |
# Xuxa 3

Xuxa 3 is the tenth studio album and the third in Spanish language by Brazilian recording artist Xuxa. It was released in October 2, 1992 in Latin America, United States and Europe.

## Background

In 1991, El Show de Xuxa entered the air on Telefe, Argentina's largest television network, establishing once artistic career Xuxa. It was shown in more than 17 countries in Latin America and the US Hispanic market, in addition to Spain.

## Production

Xuxa 3 was produced by Michael Sullivan, Paulo Massadas and Max Pierre, with artistic coordination of Max Pierre and Marlene Mattos. The repertoire selection came under command Xuxa, Marlene Mattos, Michael Sullivan and Paul Massadas. Xuxa 3 was recorded in the studios of Som Livre, Viva Voz, Lincoln Olivetti, Yahoo, Roupa Nova e Caverna II.

## Release

Xuxa 3 was launched in Latin America in October 1992. Then Spain and the United States, and in early 1993 in Canada.

## Single

| Year | Country | Chart | Single | Best Position | Ref. |
| 1992 | Spain | European Hot 100 | Sensación De Vivir | 1 | |
| 1992 | US | Hot Latin Songs | Que Cosa Buena | 37 | |

## Personnel

* Xuxa's Spanish voice direction: Graciela Carballo
* Produced by: Michael Sullivan, Paulo Massadas and Max Pierre
* Makeup Department: Bernie Grundman Mastering
* Mastering Engineer: Chris Bellman
* Regency:Jorginho Correa
* Photos: Isabel Garcia
* Graphic Coordination: Marciso Pena Carvalho
* Hair: Fátima Lisboa
* Artistic Coordination: Max Pierre and Marlene Mattos
* Selection of repertoire: Xuxa, Marlene Mattos, Michael Sullivan and Paulo Massadas
* Recording Engineers: Jorge Gordo Guimarães, Luis Guilherme D Orey and Luiz Paulo
* Recording Assistants: Marcelo Serôdio, Julio Carneiro, Mauro Moraes, Julinho, Claudinho, Ivan and Billy
* Recorded at the studios: Free Sound, Live Voice, Lincoln Olivetti, Yahoo, New Clothes and Cave II
* Costume Designer: Sandra Bandeira
* Musician: Roberto Fernandes
* Voice recording of the adult choir: Graciela Carballo

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format |
| Argentina | 1992 | LP K7 CD | Globo Records / RCA Records |
| Colombia | 1992 | LP K7 | Globo Records |
| Bolivia | 1992 | LP K7 | BMG Ariola |
| Canada | 1992 | CD | Globo Records / BMG Ariola |
| Spain | 1992 | LP K7 CD | RCA Records |
| United States | 1992 | K7 CD | Globo Records |
# Józefów, Lubusz Voivodeship

Józefów (Polish pronunciation:) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowa Sól, within Nowa Sól County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland.
# 1954 European Athletics Championships – Men's 5000 metres

The men's 5000 metres at the 1954 European Athletics Championships was held in Bern, Switzerland, at Stadion Neufeld on 26 and 29 August 1954.

## Medalists

| Gold | Vladimir Kuts Soviet Union |
| Silver | Christopher Chataway Great Britain |
| Bronze | Emil Zátopek Czechoslovakia |

## Results
### Final

29 August
| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| | Vladimir Kuts | Soviet Union | 13:56.6 | WR |
| | Christopher Chataway | Great Britain | 14:08.8 | |
| | Emil Zátopek | Czechoslovakia | 14:10.2 | |
| 4 | Vladimir Okorokov | Soviet Union | 14:20.0 | |
| 5 | Lucien Hanswijck | Belgium | 14:25.6 | |
| 6 | Frans Herman | Belgium | 14:31.4 | |
| 7 | Øistein Saksvik | Norway | 14:32.2 | |
| 8 | Urho Julin | Finland | 14:32.4 | |
| 9 | Sándor Garay | Hungary | 14:44.6 | |
| 10 | Alojzy Graj | Poland | 14:48.6 | |
| 11 | Rolf Haikkola | Finland | 15:22.8 | |
| | Herbert Schade | West Germany | DNF | |
| | Heinz Laufer | West Germany | DNF | |
| | József Kovács | Hungary | DNF | |
| | Fred Green | Great Britain | DNF | |

### Heats

26 August

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Frans Herman | Belgium | 14:42.8 | Q |
| 2 | Fred Green | Great Britain | 14:42.8 | Q |
| 3 | Vladimir Okorokov | Soviet Union | 14:43.0 | Q |
| 4 | Sándor Garay | Hungary | 14:43.6 | Q |
| 5 | Øistein Saksvik | Norway | 14:44.0 | Q |
| 6 | Władysław Płonka [pl] | Poland | 14:47.0 | |
| 7 | Osman Coşgül | Turkey | 14:51.0 | |
| 8 | Rudolf Morgenthaler | Switzerland | 14:54.8 | |
| 9 | Dimitar Vachkov | Bulgaria | 14:59.4 | |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Vladimir Kuts | Soviet Union | 14:18.8 | Q |
| 2 | Herbert Schade | West Germany | 14:23.8 | Q |
| 3 | Lucien Hanswijck | Belgium | 14:29.2 | Q |
| 4 | Urho Julin | Finland | 14:36.2 | Q |
| 5 | Emil Zátopek | Czechoslovakia | 14:36.2 | Q |
| 6 | Pierre Page | Switzerland | 14:37.4 | NR |
| 7 | Karl Lundh | Sweden | 14:42.4 | |
| 8 | Antonio Amorós | Spain | 15:28.6 | |
| | Henri Laethier | France | DNF | |
| | Cahit Önel | Turkey | DNF | |

#### Heat 3

| Rank | Name | Nationality | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Alojzy Graj | Poland | 14:38.4 | Q |
| 2 | József Kovács | Hungary | 14:38.6 | Q |
| 3 | Christopher Chataway | Great Britain | 14:40.0 | Q |
| 4 | Rolf Haikkola | Finland | 14:40.0 | Q |
| 5 | Heinz Laufer | West Germany | 14:42.0 | Q |
| 6 | Kurt Rötzer | Austria | 14:46.2 | |
| 7 | Drago Štritof | Yugoslavia | 14:48.4 | |
| 8 | Manuel Faria | Portugal | 14:55.8 | NR |
| 9 | Helmut Becker | Saar | 15:21.8 | |

## Participation

According to an unofficial count, 28 athletes from 19 countries participated in the event.
* Austria (1)
* Belgium (2)
* Bulgaria (1)
* Czechoslovakia (1)
* Finland (2)
* France (1)
* Hungary (2)
* Norway (1)
* Poland (2)
* Portugal (1)
* Saar (1)
* Soviet Union (2)
* Spain (1)
* Sweden (1)
* Switzerland (2)
* Turkey (2)
* Great Britain (2)
* West Germany (2)
* Yugoslavia (1)
# The Wanderings of the Avener

The Wanderings of the Avener is the debut studio album by French deep house and electro music producer The Avener. It was released in France on 19 January 2015 and peaked at No. 2.

## Reviews

Jonty Czuchwicki from TheMusic.com.au gave the album 3 out of 5, saying; "This album is a lesson in smooth and laid-back instrumental house music. There are wobbly keyboard lines, twangy guitar licks and plenty of well-placed bass lines that'll have your foot tapping. The jazz-soul-meets-electro is a naturalistic fusion and the atmosphere is always thick enough to cut with a knife, enticing with an air of mystery and intrigue."

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| France (SNEP) | 3× Platinum | 300,000$^‡$ |
| Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland) | Gold | 10,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label | Catalogue |
| France | 19 January 2015 | CD, digital download, LP | Capitol Records | 471 694 6 |
| Australia | 20 February 2015 | CD, digital download, LP | 96 Musique | |
# Anti-Hero (Slaine and Termanology album)

Anti-Hero is a collaborative studio album by Slaine and Termanology. It was released on October 6, 2017, through Termanology's own record label, ST. Records and Boston based label, Brick Records.

## Background

The album includes guest appearances from Bun B, Catero, Chris Rivers, Conway, DJ Revolution, Ea$y Money, Everlast, Ill Bill, Jared Evan, Madchild, Nems, Ras Kass, and Sick Jacken. The album features production from Artisin, Billy Loman, DC The Midi Alien, DJ Premier, Evidence, Psycho Les, Statik Selektah, Termanology and The Arcitype.

## Singles

On August 22, 2017, the first single from the album, "Land Of The Lost" was released as well as the music video. On September 12, 2017, they released the second single "Came A Long Way" featuring Conway. The official music video for the single was released on November 1, 2016.

## Track listing

Notes
* signifies a co-producer
# Carex hostiana

Carex hostiana, the tawny sedge, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Carex, native to Europe and northeast Canada, and extinct in Massachusetts. It is a member of the Carex flava species complex.

## Description

The rhizomatous perennial sedge has a tufted habit and can be evergreen or deciduous It has straight culms with a triangular cross section that are 25 to 60 cm (9.8 to 23.6 in) in length. The linear shaped leaves sound on the flowering stems have a length up to 14 cm (5.5 in) and are 1.5 to 4.5 mm (0.059 to 0.177 in) wide. The inflorescences are found at the tip of the culm in the form of 5 to 70 mm (0.20 to 2.76 in) long spikes.

## Taxonomy

The species was first formally described by the botanist Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1813 as a part of the work Catalogus Plantarum Horti Botanici Monspeliensis. It has three homotypic synonyms; Carex fulva, Trasus fulvus and Trasus hostianus and 13 heterotypic synonyms including; Carex armena, Carex biformis, Carex fulvescens and Carex subsalsa.

## Distribution

In Europe the range of the species extends from Spain in the west to Ukraine in the east and from Italy and Greece in the south to as far north as Finland, Norway and sweden. In the Americas it is found in Quebec and Newfoundland in Canada.
# Barbodes tras

Barbodes tras is an extinct species of cyprinid fish endemic to Lake Lanao in Mindanao, Philippines. This species could reach a length of 12.6 centimetres (5.0 in) SL.