# 2005 Polish presidential election

Presidential elections were held in Poland on 9 October and 23 October 2005. The outgoing President of Poland, Aleksander Kwaśniewski, had served two five-year terms and was unable to stand for a third term. Lech Kaczyński defeated Donald Tusk to become President of Poland.
The election took place just a month after PiS also defeated Tusk's Civic Platform in the parliamentary elections.

## Background

Two center-right candidates, Donald Tusk, chairman of the Civic Platform (PO) and Deputy Marshal of the Sejm, and Lech Kaczyński, honorary chairman of Law and Justice (PiS) and mayor of Warsaw, led the poll in the first round, as was widely expected. As neither received 50 percent of the vote, a second-round was held on 23 October. In this round, Kaczyński defeated Tusk, polling 54.04 percent of the vote.
Although both leading candidates came from the center-right, and their two parties had planned to form a coalition government following the legislative elections on 25 September, there were important differences between Tusk and Kaczyński. Tusk wanted to enforce separation of church and state, favored rapid European integration and supported a free-market economy. Kaczyński was very socially conservative, a soft Eurosceptic, and supported state interventionism. Such differences led to the failure of PiS-PO coalition talks in late October.
Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz, the candidate of the Alliance of the Democratic Left, which was the governing party before the legislative election withdrew from the race on September 14. At the time he withdrew he was third in the polls, still having the most chances to get to the second round (besides Kaczyński and Tusk).
Other candidates, who withdrew from the elections, but initially have signed to, were Zbigniew Religa and Maciej Giertych. Daniel Tomasz Podrzycki, who had also signed, died in an accident before the elections.
Ten people had registered themselves in election procedure, but failed to gather 100,000 support signatures: Arnold Buzdygan, Stanisław Ceberek, Gabriel Janowski, Jan Antoni Kiełb, Waldemar Janusz Kossakowski, Marian Romuald Rembelski, Zbigniew Roliński, Sławomir Salomon, Maria Szyszkowska, Bolesław Tejkowski.
The figure of Józef Tusk, grandfather of incumbent Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk, was in the center of the "Wehrmacht affair" over his brief period of service after being drafted into the German army during the late stages of World War II, which was the biggest controversy of the election.

## Candidates

* Former Minister of Industry and Trade Henryka Bochniarz (Independent), 57
* Former Marshall of the Sejm Marek Borowski (SDPL), 59
* Former Member of the Sejm Leszek Bubel (Polish National Party), 48
* Lawyer Liwiusz Ilasz (Independent), 43
* Mayor of Warsaw Lech Kaczyński (Law and Justice), 56
* Former Deputy Prime Minister Jarosław Kalinowski (PSL), 43
* Former Member of the Sejm Janusz Korwin-Mikke (Real Politics Union), 63
* Former Deputy Marshal of the Sejm Andrzej Lepper (Self-Defense), 51
* Former Member of the Sejm Adam Słomka (Polish Confederation), 41
* Deputy Marshal of the Sejm Donald Tusk (Civic Platform), 48
* Businessman Stanisław Tymiński (Independent), 57
* Physician Jan Pyszko (Polish League), 75

### Withdrawn

* Senator Zbigniew Religa (Centre Party), 66 Endorsed Donald Tusk
* Marshal of the Sejm Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz (Democratic Left Alliance), 55
* MEP Maciej Giertych (League of Polish Families, 69 Didn't endorse any candidate

### Dead

* Journalist Daniel Podrzycki (Polish Labour Party), 42

## Opinion polls

| Pollster | Date of polling | Kaczyński PiS | Tusk PO | Lepper SRP | Borowski SDPL | Kalinowski PSL | Korwin-Mikke UPR | Bochniarz PD | Religa Centrum | Cimoszewicz SLD | Giertych LPR | Others |
| Election results | 9 October 2005 | 33.10 | 36.33 | 15.11 | 10.33 | 1.80 | 1.43 | 1.26 | - | - | - | 0.70 |
| PGB | 30 September 2005 | 31 | 35 | 17 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 1 | - | - | 2 | 0 |
| Rzeczpospolita | 17 September 2005 | 29 | 51 | 7 | 7 | 2 | | | - | - | 2 | 2 |
| PBS | 15 September 2005 | 22 | 49 | 9 | 8 | 3 | 2 | 2 | - | - | 3 | 2 |
| Polityka | 13 September 2005 | 22 | 43 | 10 | | | | | - | 17 | | 8 |
| Ipsos | 9 August 2005 | 24 | 24 | 12 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 19 | 2 | 2 |
| OBOP | 8 August 2005 | 21 | 23 | 9 | 5 | 2 | | | 7 | 26 | 3 | 4 |
| PBS | 8 August 2005 | 20 | 19 | 14 | 3 | | | | 9 | 23 | 4 | 8 |
| PGB | 13 July 2005 | 22 | 11 | 15 | 6 | 3 | | 1 | 9 | 23 | 6 | 4 |
| OBOP | 11 July 2005 | 19 | 12 | 11 | 2.4 | 1.9 | | | 12 | 35 | 2.4 | 4.3 |
| CBOS | 8 July 2005 | 20 | 9 | 12 | 5 | 3 | | | 13 | 31 | 3 | 4 |
| Gazeta Wyborcza | 6 July 2005 | 18 | 12 | 10 | 5 | 3 | | | 14 | 29 | 3 | 6 |
| CBOS | 10 June 2005 | 25 | 11 | 12 | 14 | 3 | | | 23 | | 4 | 8 |
| CBOS | 17 May 2005 | 22 | 13 | 14 | 10 | | | | 15 | 14 | 2 | 10 |
| PBS | 13 May 2005 | 27 | 14 | | 9 | | | | 16 | 15 | | 19 |
| PGB | 2 May 2005 | 23 | 13 | | 13 | | | | 10 | 9 | 10 | 22 |
| Pentor | 25 April 2005 | 21 | 9 | 13 | 9 | | | | 22 | 15 | 2 | 9 |
| PBS | 22 April 2005 | 26 | 11 | 11 | 12 | | | | 16 | 14 | 4 | 6 |
| PGB | 20 April 2005 | 24 | 13 | 13 | 14 | | | | 7 | 8 | 9 | 12 |

## Results

Voter turnout in the first round was low with only 49.7% of all eligible voters casting their votes.
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | First round | First round | Second round | Second round |
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | Votes | % |
| | Lech Kaczyński | Law and Justice | 4,947,927 | 33.10 | 8,257,468 | 54.04 |
| | Donald Tusk | Civic Platform | 5,429,666 | 36.33 | 7,022,319 | 45.96 |
| | Andrzej Lepper | Self-Defense of the Republic of Poland | 2,259,094 | 15.11 | | |
| | Marek Borowski | Social Democracy of Poland | 1,544,642 | 10.33 | | |
| | Jarosław Kalinowski | Polish People's Party | 269,316 | 1.80 | | |
| | Janusz Korwin-Mikke | Real Politics Union | 214,116 | 1.43 | | |
| | Henryka Bochniarz | Democratic Party | 188,598 | 1.26 | | |
| | Liwiusz Ilasz [pl] | Independent | 31,691 | 0.21 | | |
| | Stanisław Tymiński | All-Polish Citizens Coalition [pl] | 23,545 | 0.16 | | |
| | Leszek Bubel [pl] | Polish National Party | 18,828 | 0.13 | | |
| | Jan Pyszko [pl] | Organisation of the Polish Nation – Polish League | 10,371 | 0.07 | | |
| | Adam Słomka [pl] | Polish Confederation – Dignity and Work | 8,895 | 0.06 | | |
| Total | Total | Total | 14,946,689 | 100.00 | 15,279,787 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | 14,946,689 | 99.34 | 15,279,787 | 98.99 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | 99,661 | 0.66 | 155,233 | 1.01 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 15,046,350 | 100.00 | 15,435,020 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 30,260,027 | 49.72 | 30,279,209 | 50.98 |
| Source: PKW, PKW |||||||