# List of chess openings named after places

Many of the 1,327 named chess openings and variants listed by The Oxford Companion to Chess are named for geographic places.
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z
* See also
* References
* External links

## A

* Aachen Gambit of the Nimzowitsch Defence – 1.e4 Nc6 2.d4 d5 3.exd5 Nb4
* Aasum Gambit of the Dunst Opening - 1.Nc3 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.Bc4
* Abbazia Defence of the King's Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Nf3 d5
* Adelaide Countergambit of the King's Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.f4 Nc6 3.Nf3 f5
* Agincourt Defense of the English Opening – 1.c4 e6
* Amazon Attack of the Queen's Pawn Opening – 1.d4 d5 2.Qd3
* American Attack of the Dutch Defence, variation of the Staunton Gambit – 1.d4 f5 2.e4 fxe4 3.Nd2
* Amsterdam Variation of the Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.f4
* Amsterdam Variation of the Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 g6 6.Be3 Bg7 7.Be2 Nc6 8.Qd2
* Arctic Defense of the Zukertort Opening - 1.Nf3 f6
* Argentine Gambit of the Baltic Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 Bf5 3.cxd5 Bxb1 4.Qa4+ c6 5.dxc6 Nxc6
* Argentine Variation of the Cambridge Springs Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Nbd7 5.e3 c6 6.Nf3 Qa5 7.Nd2 Bb4 8.Qc2 0-0 9.Bh4
* Arkhangelsk Defence (or Archangel Defence) of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 b5 6.Bb3 Bb7
* Armenian Variation of the French Defence – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e5 c5 5.a3 Ba5 6. b4 cxd4
* Australian Defense – 1.d4 Na6
* Australian Gambit of the King's Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Nf3 g5 4.Bc4 g4 5.h4
* Austrian Attack in the Pirc Defence – 1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Nc3 g6 4.f4
* Austrian Defence of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c5

## B

* Baguio Variation of the Ruy Lopez -1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Nxe4 6.d4 b5 7.Bb3 d5 8.dxe5 Be6 9.c3 Bc5 10.Nbd2 0-0 11.Bc2 Bf5
* Balkan Gambit – 1.e4 e6 2.Nf3 d5 3.d3 dxe4 4.Ng5
* Baltic Defence of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 Bf5
* Baltic Defense of the Polish Opening – 1.b4 d5 2.Bb2 Bf5
* Baltic Opening (or Dunst Opening) – 1.Nc3
* Basque Gambit of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Be7 6.d4 exd4 7.e5 Ne4 8.c3
* Basque Opening – 1.d4 Nf6 2.b3
* Batavo Gambit of the Bird's Opening - 1.f4 d5 2.Nf3 c5 3.e4 dxe4
* Battambang Opening – 1.Nc3 e5 2.a3
* Bavarian Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.c4 d5
* Bayreuth Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.Bxc6
* Belgrade Gambit of the Four Knights – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.d4 exd4 5.Nd5
* Benelux Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Bc5 4.c3 Nf6 5.0-0 0-0 6.d4 Bb6 (named for the Benelux countries)
* Berlin Defense of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Nf6
* Beverwijk Variation of the Ruy Lopez, Berlin Defense – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Nf6 4.0-0 Bc5
* Birmingham Defence (more commonly as the St. George Defence): – 1.e4 a6
* Birmingham Gambit of the Polish Opening – 1.b4 c5
* Bled Variation of the English Opening – 1.c4 c6 2.Nf3 d5 3.b3 Nf6 4.Bb2 g6
* Bohemian Attack of the Caro–Kann Defence – 1.e4 c6 2.Ne2
* Brazilian Defence – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Qe7
* Bremen Variation of the English Opening – 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.g3
* Breslau Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Nxe4 6.d4 b5 7.Bb3 d5 8.dxe5 Be6 9.c3 Be7 10.Re1 0-0 11.Nd4 Nxe5
* Brooklyn Defence of the Alekhine's Defence – 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Ng8
* Brussels Gambit of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 f5
* Budapest Gambit – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5
* Bulgarian Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a5

## C

* Calabrese Countergambit of the Bishop's Opening – 1.e4 e5 2.Bc4 f5
* Cambridge Gambit of the Alekhine's Defence – 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.f4 g5
* Cambridge Springs Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Nbd7 5.Nf3 c6 6.e3 Qa5
* Canadian Opening of the Indian Game - 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nd2
** Canadian Gambit of the Indian Game - 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nd2 c5 3.e4
* Carlsbad Variation of the Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nc3 dxc4 5.a4 Bf5 6.Ne5 Nbd7 7.Nxc4 Qc7 8.g3 e5
* Carlsbad Variation of the Sicilian Defense, Wing Gambit – 1.e4 c5 2.b4 cxb4 3.a3 bxa3
* Catalan Opening – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.g3 d5 4.Bg2
* Chelyabinsk Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e5 6.Ndb5 d6 7.Bg5 a6 8.Na3 b5
* Chicago Defence the Sicilian Defence, Smith–Morra Gambit – 1.e4 c5 2.d4 cxd4 3.c3 dxc3 4.Nxc3 e6 5.Nf3 d6 6.Bc4 a6 7.0-0 b5 8.Bb3 Nc6 9.Qe2 Be7 10.Rd1 Ra7
* Chicago Gambit (or Irish Gambit) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nxe5?
* Chinese Variation of the Pirc Defence – 1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Nc3 g6 4.Be2 Bg7 5.g4!?
* Chinese Variation of the Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 g6 6.Be3 Bg7 7.f3 0-0 8.Qd2 Nc6 9.Bc4 Bd7 10.0-0-0 Rb8
* Clarendon Court Variation of the Benoni Defence – 1.d4 c5 2.d5 f5
* Cocquio Countergambit of the QGD - 1.d4 d5 2.c4 Nf6 3.cxd5 c6
* Cologne Gambit of the Ware Opening – 1.a4 b6 2.d4 d5 2.Nc3 Nd7
* Colorado Gambit of the Nimzowitsch Defence – 1.e4 Nc6 2.Nf3 f5
* Copenhagen Defence of the Danish Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.c3 dxc3 4.Bc4 cxb2 5.Bxb2 Bb4+
* Cracow Variation of the Italian Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.c3 Nf6 5.d4 exd4 6.cxd4 Bb4+ 7.Kf1?!
* Czech Defence, the term used by Siegbert Tarrasch for the Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6
* Czech Defence (Pribyl System) of the Pirc Defence – 1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Nc3 c6
* Czech Defence of the Polish opening – 1.b4 e5 2.Bb2 d6
* Czech-Indian Variation of the Indian Game – 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 c6
* Czech Variation of the Benoni Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e5
* Czech Variation of the Old Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 c6
* Czech Variation of the Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nf3 dxc4 5.a4 Bf5 Slav Defence: Modern, Alapin Variation, Czech Variation

## D

* Danish Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.c3
* Danube Gambit – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6 5.bxa6 c6
* Dresden Opening – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.c4
* Duisburg Gambit of the QGD – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 c5 4.cxd5 cxd4
* Düsseldorf Gambit of the Van Geet Opening - 1. Nc3 c5 2. b4
* Dutch Defence – 1.d4 f5
* Dutch Variation of the Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nf3 dxc4 5.a4 Bf5 6.e3

## E

* East Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6
* Edinburgh Variation of the Caro–Kann Defence – 1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.Nd2 Qb6
* English Attack of the Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.Be3 and 7.f3
* English Defence – 1.d4 e6 2.c4 b6
* English Opening – 1.c4

## F

* Finnish Variation of the Caro–Kann Defence – 1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 dxe4 4.Nxe4 h6
* Florentine Gambit of the King's Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 d6 5.f4 0-0 6.Be2 c5 7.d5 e6 8.Nf3 exd5 9.e5
* Folkestone Variation (or Swedish Variation) of the QGD - 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.Nf3 Nc6 6.g3 c4
* Fort Knox Variation of the French Defence – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 dxe4 4.Nxe4 Bd7 5.Nf3 Bc6
* Frankfurt Variation of the French Defence – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Be7 5.e5 Ng8 6.Be3 b6
* French Defence – 1.e4 e6

## G

* Genoa Opening (known as the Grob Attack) – 1.g4
* Gent Gambit of the Amar Opening (Paris) – 1.Nh3 d5 2.g3 e5 3.f4 Bxh3 4.Bxh3 exf4 5.0-0 fxg3 6.hxg3
* German Defence of the Polish Opening (Orangutan or Sokolsky Opening) – 1.b4 d5 2.Bb2 Qd6
* Glasgow Kiss Variation of the Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.e3 Bf5 5.cxd5 cxd5 6.Qb3 Nc6
* Goteborg (Gothenburg) System of the Scandinavian Defence - 1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Qxd5 3.Nc3 Qa5 4.d4 e5 5.Nf3
* Gothenburg Variation of the Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.Bg5 e6 7.f4 Be7 8.Qf3 h6 9.Bh4 g5
* Granada Gambit of the Italian Game, Two Knights Defense, Blackburne Variation – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 d5 5. exd5 Na5 6.Bb5+ c6 7.dxc6 bxc6 8.Qf3 cxb5 9.Qxa8
* Graz Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 b5 5. Bb3 Bc5
* Graz Attack of the Nimzowitsch-Larsen Attack – 1.b3 d5 2.Ba3
* Greek Defence (or Owen's Defence) – 1.e4 b6
* Guatemalan Defence of the Greek Defence or Owen's Defence – 1.e4 b6 2.d4 Ba6

## H

* Hastings Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Bg5 h6 5.Bxf6 Qxf6 8.Nc3 c6 7.Qb3
* Hollywood Variation of the King's Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6 3.c4 Bg7 4.Nc3 0-0 5.e3 d6 6.Be2 Nc6
* Hungarian Attack of the English Opening – 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Rb1
* Hungarian Defence – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Be7
* Hungarian Gambit (or Breyer Gambit) of the KGA - 1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Qf3
* Hungarian Gambit of the Catalan Opening – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.g3 e5
* Hungarian Opening (or Benko's Opening) – 1.g3
* Hungarian Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Qxd4

## I

* Icelandic Gambit of the Scandinavian Defense – 1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Nf6 3.c4 e6
* Indian Defences: a complex of chess openings beginning – 1.d4 Nf6, including the Nimzo-Indian Defence, Queen's Indian Defence, King's Indian Defence, Bogo-Indian Defence, Old Indian Defence, Janowski Indian Defence, etc.
* Inverted Hungarian Opening – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Be2
* Irish Gambit (or Chicago Gambit) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nxe5
* Israeli Gambit (or Halasz Gambit) – 1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.f4
* Italian Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.d4
* Italian Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 (Bc5)

## J

* Jalalabad Defence – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 c5 or 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 e5

## K

* Kahiko-Hula Gambit of the English Opening – 1.c4 e5 2.e3 Nf6 3.f4 exf4 4.Nf3
* Karlsruhe Variation of the Blackmar-Diemer Gambit - 1.d4 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.f3 g6
* Kazakh Variation of the King's Indian – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 d6 5.Nf3 0-0 6.Be2 Na6
* Kecskemet Variation of the Ruy Lopez –1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Be7 6.Re1 d6 7.c3 0-0 8.d4 Bd7 9.Nbd2 Be8
* Kemeri Variation of the King's Indian Defence - 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.g3 d5
* Kentucky Opening – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.Bxf7+? Kxf7 5.Nxe5+ Nxe5
* Keoni-Hiva Gambit of the Van't Kruijs Opening – 1.e3 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.f4 exf4 4.Nf3 (Akahi Variation), 1.e3 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.f4 exf4 4.Nf3 (Alua Variation), 1.e3 e5 2.Nc3 d5 3.f4 exf4 4.Nf3 (Ekolu Variation)
* Kiel Variation of the Scandinavian Defence – 1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Nf6 3.d4 Nxd5 4.c4 Nb4

## L

* Latvian Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 f5
* Leipzig Gambit (or Müller-Schulze Gambit) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nxe5?!
* Lemberg Gambit (Lviv Gambit) – 1.Nf3 Nf6 2.e4 or 1.Nf3 d5 2.e4
* Lemberg Countergambit - 1.d4 d5 2.e4 dxe4 3.Nc3 e5
* Leningrad Variation of the Dutch Defence – 1.d4 f5 2.g3 g6
* Lisbon Gambit of the Dutch Defense – 1.d4 f5 2.g4 fxg4 3.h3
* Lisbon Gambit of the Queen's Pawn Opening, English Rat – 1.d4 d6 2.c4 e5 3.dxe5 Nc6
* Lithuanian Variation of the Mikėnas Defence – 1.d4 Nc6 2.c4 e5 3.d5 Nce7
* Lodz Variation of the Tarrasch Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.Nf3 Nc6 6.g3
* London System, a set of related chess openings characterised by 1.d4 followed by an early Bf4, e.g. 1.d4 d5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.Bf4; 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 e6 3.Bf4; and 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 g6 3.Bf4

## M

* Macedonian Variation of the English Opening – 1.c4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.f4
* Maltese Falcon Attack (or Gibbins-Wiedehagen Gambit) – 1.d4 Nf6 2.g4 Nxg4 3.f3 Nf6 4.e4
* Manhattan Gambit of the Dutch Defence – 1.d4 f5 2.Qd3 Nf6 3.g4
* Manhattan Variation of the QGD (also called the Westphalia Defence) – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Nbd7 5.Nf3 Bb4 or 5.e3 Bb4
* Mannheim Variation of the QGA – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 dxc4 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Qa4+
* Mar del Plata Variation of the King's Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 d6 5.Nf3 0–0 6.Be2 e5 7.0–0 Nc6 8.d5 Ne7
* Margate Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 Nc6 6.Bg5 e6 7.Bb5
* Marienbad Variation of the Sicilian Defence, Wing Gambit – 1.e4 c5 2.b4 cxb4 3.a3 d5 4.exd5 Qxd5 5.Bb2
* Massachusetts Defence of the Caro–Kann Defence – 1.e4 c6 2.d4 f5
* Mediterranean Defence – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 Nf6
* Meran Variation of the Semi-Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nc3 e6 5.e3 Nbd7 6.Bd3 dxc4 7.Bxc4
* Mexican Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 Nc6
* Miami Variation of the Italian Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Bc5 4.d4 Bxd4 5.Nxd4 Nxd4 6.Be3
* Modern Archangel Defence of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 b5 6.Bb3 Bc5
* Monte Carlo Variation of the French Defense – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.exd5 exd5 4.c4
* Montevideo Defence – 1.d4 Nc6 2.d5 Nb8
* Moscow Variation of the Semi-Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nf3 e6 5.Bg5 h6
* Moscow Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.Bb5+
* Mujannah Formation of the Old Benoni Defence - 1. d4 c5 2. d5 f5
* Mujannah Opening (or Arabian Opening) of the Bird's Opening - 1.f4 d5 2.c4

## N

* New Castle Gambit of the French Defence, Tarrasch Variation – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nd2 e5
* New York Variation of the Benoni Defense – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 e6 4.Nc3 exd5 5.cxd5 d6 6.e4 g6 7.Nf3 Bg7 8.h3
* Nordic Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.d4 exd4 3.c3 (alternative name for the Danish Gambit)
* Nordwalde Variation of the King's Gambit Declined - 1.e4 e5 2.f4 Qf6
* Norfolk Gambit of the Zukertort Opening - 1.Nf3 d5 2.b3 c5 3.e4 or 1.Nf3 d5 2.b3 Nf6 3.Bb2 c5 4.e4
* North Sea Variation (or Norwegian Defense) of the Modern Defence – 1.e4 g6 2.d4 Nf6 3.e5 Nh5
* Norwegian Gambit of the Modern Defence – 1.e4 g6 2.d4 Nf6 3.e5 Nh5 4.Be2 d6
* Norwegian Defence of the Modern Defense – 1.e4 g6 2.d4 Nf6
* Norwegian Defence of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 b5 5.Bb3 Na5
* Nottingham Variation of the Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 g6 6.Be3 Bg7 7.Be2 Nc6 8.Nb3
* Novosibirsk Variation of the Dunst Opening – 1.Nc3 c5 2.d4 cxd4 3.Qxd4 Nc6 4.Qh4
* Novosibirsk Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e5 6.Ndb5 d6 7.Bg5 a6 8.Na3 b5 9.Bxf6 gxf6 10.Nd5 Bg7
* Nuremberg Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 f6

## O

* Odessa Variation of the King's Indian – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.e4 d6 5.Nf3 0-0 6.Be2 e5 7.0-0 Nc6 8.d5 Ne7 9.Bg5
* Omaha Gambit of the Vienna Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nc3 d6 3.f4
* Oxford Variation of the Vienna Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.f4 d5 4.fxe5 Nxe4 5.d3
* Oxford Gambit of the Four Knights Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.d4 Bb4 5.d5 Nd4

## P

* Paris Defence (or Semi-Italian Opening) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 d6
* Paris Gambit – 1.Nh3 d5 2.g3 e5 3.f4 (intending 3...Bxh3 4.Bxh3 exf4 5.0-0)
* Paris Opening (or Amar Opening) – 1.Nh3
* Persian Opening - 1.c3 c5 2.Qa4 Nf6 3.g4
* Peruvian Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 c5
* Philippine Attack of the Pirc Defense - 1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Nc3 g6 4.Bg5 Bg7 5.f4
* Pittsburgh Variation of the QGD - 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Be7 5.e3 Nbd7 6.Nf3 b6 7.cxd5 exd5 8.Bb5
* Podebrady Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 Nc6 6.Bg5 e6 7.Nb3
* Polish Opening (or Orangutan) – 1.b4
* Polish Defence – 1.d4 b5 or 1.Nf3 Nf6 2.g3 b5
* Polish Attack – 1.Nf3 Nf6 2.b4
* Polish Gambit – 1.e4 b5 2.Bxb5 c6
* Polish Gambit of the Anderssen Opening – 1.a3 a5 2.b4
* Polish Spike - 1.b4 Nf6 2.Bb2 g6 3.g4
* Polish Variation of the Indian Game – 1.d4 Nf6 2.Nf3 b5
* Portuguese Gambit of the Scandinavian Defence – 1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Nf6 3.d4 Bg4 4.f3 Bf5 5.Bb5+ Nbd7
* Portuguese Opening – 1.e4 e5 2.Bb5
* Portuguese Variation of the KGA - 1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Nf3 g5 4.Bc4 g4 5.Ne5 Qh4+ 6.Kf1 Nc6
* Prague Variation of the Tarrasch Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.Nf3 Nc6 6.g3 Nf6
* Prussian Game (or Two Knights Defence against the Italian Game) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6
* Pyrenees Gambit – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 b5

## R

* Riga Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Nxe4 6.d4 exd4
* Rio de Janeiro Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Nf6 4.0-0 Nxe4 5.d4 Be7
* Romanian Opening (or Dunst Opening) – 1.Nc3
* Romanian Defense of the Wing Gambit – 1.e4 c5 2.b4 cxb4 3.a3 d5 4.exd5 Qxd5 5.Nf3 e5 6.Bb2 Nc6 7.c4 Qe6
* Rotterdam Variation of the Slav Defence - 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3 Bf5 5.cxd5 cxd5 6.Qb3
* Russian Defence of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 d6
* Russian Game (or Petrov's Defence) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6

## S

* San Francisco Gambit of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 Na5 4.b4
* San Remo Variation of the Nimzo-Indian Defense – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.Qc2 d5 5.a3 Bxc3+ 6.Qxc3 Ne4 7.Qc2 Nc6 8.e3 e5
* San Sebastian Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nf3 c5 5.cxd5 Nxd5 6.e4 Nxc3 7.bxc3 cxd4 8.cxd4 Bb4+ 9.Bd2 Qa5
* Saragossa Opening – 1.c3
* Scandinavian Defence – 1.e4 d5
* Scheveningen Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e6
* Scotch Four Knights Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.d4
* Scotch Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4 exd4 4.Bc4
* Scotch Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.d4
* Seattle Gambit of the Budapest Gambit – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e5 3.dx5 Ng4 4.e4 h5
* Semi-Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nc3 (or 3.Nf3) e6
* Semmering Variation of the Semi-Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e3 c6 5.Nbd2 Nbd7 6.Bd3 c5
* Seville Variation of the Grünfeld Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.cxd5 Nxd5 5.e4 Nxc3 6.bxc3 Bg7 7.Bc4 c5 8.Ne2 Nc6 9.Be3 0-0 10.0-0 Bg4 11.f3 Na5 12.Bxf7+
* Siberian Attack of the Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.Qd3 d5 3.Nc3
* Siberian Trap in the Sicilian Defence, Smith–Morra Gambit – 1.e4 c5 2.d4 cxd4 3.c3 dxc3 4.Nxc3 Nc6 5.Nf3 e6 6.Bc4 Qc7 7.0-0 Nf6 8.Qe2 Ng4! 9.h3?? (or 9.Bb3??) Nd4!
* Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5
* Sicilian Gambit (or Sicilian Wing Gambit) - 1.e4 c5 2.b4
* Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6
* Spanish Game (or Ruy Lopez) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5
* Stockholm Variation of the Englund Gambit – 1.d4 e5 2.dxe5 Nc6 3.Nf3 Qe7 4.Qd5
* Stockholm Variation of the Grünfeld Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 d5 4.Nf3 Bg7 5.Bg5
* St. Petersburg Variation of the Nimzo-Indian Defense – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.e3 b6
* St. Petersburg Variation of the Ruy Lopez – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Nxe4 6.d4 b5 7.Bb3 d5 8.dxe5 Be6 9.c3 Bc5 10.Nbd2
* Swedish Variation of the QGD, Tarrasch Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 c5 4.cxd5 exd5 5.Nf3 Nc6 6.g3 c4
* Swiss Gambit of the Bird's Opening – 1.f4 f5 2.e4
* Swiss Variation of the French Defence – 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bd3

## T

* Tashkent Attack of the King's Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e5 Nh5 5.g4
* Transylvania Variation of the Vienna Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.Bc4 Nxe4 4.Qh5 Nd6 5.Bb3 Nc6 6.Nb5
* Trencianske-Teplice Gambit of the Italian Game, Two Knights Defense – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 Bc5 5.Bxf7+ Ke7 6.d4
* Tuebingen Variation of the Polish Opening – 1.b4 Nh6
* Tuebingen Gambit of the Dunst Opening – 1.Nc3 Nf6 2.g4
* Turkish Gambit (or the Elephant Gambit) – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 d5

## U

* Ueberlinger Gambit of the Indian Defence - 1.d4 Nf6 2.g3 e5
* Ukrainian Variation of the Old Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 d6 3.Nc3 e5

## V

* Valencia Opening (or Mieses Opening) – 1.d3 e5 2.Nd2
* Venezolana Variation of the Mieses Opening – 1.d3 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3
* Venice Attack of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.f3 e5 6.Bb5+ or 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e5 6.Bb5+
* Venice Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 c5 5.cxd5 Qb6
* Vienna Game – 1.e4 e5 2.Nc3
* Vienna Gambit - 1.e4 e5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.f4
* Vienna Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Nf3 Bb4 5.Bg5 dxc4 6.e4
* Vietnamese Gambit – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 b5
* Vinohrady Variation of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g4 named after a district in Prague
* Volga Gambit – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 (named for the Volga River, the national river of Russia)
* Voronezh Variation of the Alekhine's Defence – 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.exd6 cxd6 6.Nc3 g6 7.Be3 Bg7 8.Rc1 0-0 9.b3

## W

* Warsaw Variation of the Dutch Defence – 1.d4 f5 2.c4 Nf6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg7 5.Nf3 0-0 6.0-0 d6 7.Nc3 c6
* Westphalia Defence in the Queen's Gambit Declined: An alternative name for the Manhattan Variation – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Nbd7 5.Nf3 Bb4 or 5.e3 c5
* Wiesbaden Variation of the Slav Defence – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nc3 dxc4 5.a4 Bf5 6.Ne5 e6
* Wilkes-Barre Variation of the Italian Game, Two Knights Defence – 1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bc4 Nf6 4.Ng5 Bc5!?

## Y

* Yerevan System of the Sicilian Defence – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 a6 3.Nc3
* Yugoslav Attack in the Sicilian Defence, Dragon Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 g6 6.Be3 Bg7 7.f3
* Yugoslav Defence (or Pirc Defence) – 1.e4 d6 2.d4 Nf6 3.Nc3 g6
* Yugoslav Variation of the Benko Gambit – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 c5 3.d5 b5 4.cxb5 a6 5.bxa6 g6 6.Nc3 Bxa6 7.e4 Bxf1 8.Kxf1 d6 9.Nge2
* Yugoslav Variation of the King's Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 g6 3.Nc3 Bg7 4.Nf3 d6 5.g3 0-0 6.Bg2 c5

## Z

* Zagreb Variation of the Sicilian Defence, Najdorf Variation – 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.g3
* Zaire Defence of the Queen's Knight Defence – 1.d4 Nc6 2.d5 Nb8 3.e4 Nf6 4.e5 Ng8
* Zurich Gambit – 1.d4 d5 2.g4
* Zurich Variation of the Nimzo-Indian Defence – 1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.Qc2 Nc6
A number of less well-accepted ethnic chess opening names (including such gems as the "Anglo-Polish Dutch" – 1.c4 f5 2.b4) can be found in this list of chess opening names.