OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor

A Shack–Hartmann (or Hartmann–Shack) wavefront sensor (SHWFS) is an optical instrument used for characterizing an imaging system. It is a wavefront sensor commonly used in adaptive optics systems. It consists of an array of lenses (called lenslets) of the same focal length. Each is focused onto a photon sensor (typically a CCD array or CMOS array or quad-cell). If the sensor is placed at the geometric focal plane of the lenslet, and is uniformly illuminated, then, the integrated gradient of the wavefront across the lenslet is proportional to the displacement of the centroid. Consequently, any phase aberration can be approximated by a set of discrete tilts. By sampling the wavefront with an array of lenslets, all of these local tilts can be measured and the whole wavefront reconstructed. Since only tilts are measured the Shack–Hartmann cannot detect discontinuous steps in the wavefront.
The design of this sensor improves upon an array of holes in a mask that had been developed in 1904 by Johannes Franz Hartmann as a means of tracing individual rays of light through the optical system of a large telescope, thereby testing the quality of the image. In the late 1960s, Roland Shack and Ben Platt modified the Hartmann screen by replacing the apertures in an opaque screen by an array of lenslets. The terminology as proposed by Shack and Platt was Hartmann screen. The fundamental principle seems to be documented even before Huygens by the Jesuit philosopher, Christopher Scheiner, in Austria.
Shack–Hartmann sensors are used in astronomy to measure telescopes and in medicine to characterize eyes for corneal treatment of complex refractive errors. Recently, Pamplona et al. developed and patented an inverse of the Shack–Hartmann system to measure one's eye lens aberrations. While Shack–Hartmann sensors measure the localized slope of the wavefront error using spot displacement in the sensor plane, Pamplona et al. replace the sensor plane with a high resolution visual display (e.g. a mobile phone screen) that displays spots that the user views through a lenslet array. The user then manually shifts the displayed spots (i.e. the generated wavefront) until the spots align. The magnitude of this shift provides data to estimate the first-order parameters such as radius of curvature and hence error due to defocus and spherical aberration.
# Khao Plong Stadium

Khao Plong Stadium (Thai: เขาพลอง สเตเดี้ยม) or Chai Nat Provincial Stadium (Thai: สนามกีฬากลางจังหวัดชัยนาท) is a stadium in Chai Nat Province, Thailand, It is currently used for football matches and is the home stadium of Chainat Hornbill of the Thai League 1. The stadium had the capacity to hold 5,574 spectators in 2011, but with expansion the stadium now can hold up to 12,000 spectators.

## Photos

15°13′08″N 100°09′20″E﻿ / ﻿15.218954°N 100.155546°E﻿ / 15.218954; 100.155546
# Learnosity

Learnosity is an Irish education technology company. It produces assessment software used by educational organizations and test publishers. The company is headquartered in Dublin.

## History

Learnosity was founded in Dublin, Ireland in 2007 by CEO Gavin Cooney and CTO Mark Lynch. The company creates online education assessment and teaching software. It initially created software for audio assessment and mobile-assisted language learning, notably for the FÓN project – a joint collaboration between The National Council for Curriculum and Assessment (NCCA) and the National Centre for Technology in Education (NCTE).
In 2016, 3P Learning acquired a 40% stake in the company. 3P Learning sold its stake in Learnosity to Battery Ventures in 2018. At the time, it was valued at €30 million.
In 2021, Learnosity acquired the British assessment software company Questionmark.
In 2025, Learnosity was acquired by Leeds Equity Partners.
# Besides (Cold Chisel album)

Besides is a compilation album of B-sides, bonus tracks and rarities, released digitally only in July 2011 by Australian rock band, Cold Chisel.
# Justin Boyd (politician)

Justin Boyd is an American politician. He serves as a Republican member for the 27th district of the Arkansas Senate. He also served as a member for the 77th district of the Arkansas House of Representatives.

## Life and career

Boyd attended the University of Arkansas–Fort Smith, the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of Pharmacy and Sam M. Walton College of Business.
In 2015, Boyd was elected to represent the 77th district of the Arkansas House of Representatives, succeeding Stephanie Malone. He served until 2022, when he sought election to the Arkansas Senate.
In May 2022, Boyd defeated Kelly Procter Pierce in the Republican primary election for the 27th district of the Arkansas Senate. In November 2022, he defeated Becky Ward in the general election, winning 63 percent of the votes. He assumed office in the 94th Arkansas General Assembly on January 9, 2023.
On March 11 2025, Boyd was one of the few Republican, who voted aganst a nitrogen hypoxia death penalty method bill.
# Butterfly (Sara Tunes album)

Butterfly is the debut studio album by the Colombian singer-songwriter Sara Tunes. It was released on June 6 on Colombia and October 15, 2010 in Latin America by EMI. Butterfly was her third studio album, but counted as a debut album as the other two had not had the success expected.

## Singles
### Official singles

* "Asi Te Amo" was the first single, was released on April 8, 2010 by airplay and has a music video recorded in the city of Medellín.
* "Noche De Paz (Silent Night)" was released on December 15, 2010. The video showed Tunes singing and sitting on a piano.
* "Tú" was the second official single by Tunes, was released on March 11, 2011, and has the collaboration of urban music duo of "Golpe a Golpe". The song did not have a music video.

### Others songs

* "Si Tu No Estas" is a song featuring the Colombian reggaeton musician J. Balvin. The song had elements of pop, Colombian hip hop and reggaeton.
* "Butterfly" is a Latín pop song with a chorus in English and Spanish verses.

## Tour

Sara Tunes confirmed April 9, 2011 a tour that started in the U.S. and Canada, but Sara has not confirmed if the tour went through Latin America. The tour recorera by states like New York, New Jersey, Rhode Island, Boston, Florida and Orlando, among others. Tour is expected to start in late 2011 or early 2012.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Sara Agudelo, Albeiro Agudelo, Leonardo Torres, Alexander Berrío
All lyrics are written by Sara Agudelo, Albeiro Agudelo, Leonardo Torres, Alexander Berrío
# Soldiers Farewell Hill

Soldiers Farewell Hill, a summit at an elevation of 6135 feet, in the Big Burro Mountains, in Grant County, New Mexico.

## History

Soldiers Farewell Hill lies south of the Burro Cienega. It marked the site of Ojo Ynez, a watering place nearby the old road between Janos, Chihuahua and the Santa Rita copper mines, later used by Cooke's Wagon Road and the San Antonio-San Diego Mail Line. This summit lies over 2 miles east of the site of the Soldier's Farewell Stage Station of the Butterfield Overland Mail.
An apocryphal explanation of the romantic name (and the most widely accepted) is that soldiers escorting wagon trains en route to California were ordered to go no further than this location, where they bid the travelers, "Farewell."
# Eddy Wauters

Eduard Maria Jozef Wauters (12 July 1933 – 24 January 2025) was a Belgian footballer and chairman of Royal Antwerp Football Club. He was a player at the club and was capped four times by the Belgium national team.
Wouters was chairman of Antwerp for 43 years, from 1969 to 2012. Under his leadership, Antwerp achieved several sporting highlights, including winning the Belgian Cup in 1992 and reaching the European Cup Winners' Cup final in 1993.
In addition to his activities in the football world, Wauters also built a career in the banking sector.
Wauters died on 24 January 2025, at the age of 91.
# Florin Borța

Florin Gheorghe Borța (born 21 June 1999) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Liga II club Argeș Pitești.
# Maks Dziov

Maks Ruslanovich Dziov (Russian: Макс Русланович Дзиов; born 9 August 2001) is a Russian football player who plays as a centre-back for Fakel Voronezh.

## Career

On 26 June 2024, Dziov agreed to join Russian Premier League club Fakel Voronezh.
He made his RPL debut for Fakel on 4 August 2024 in a game against Krasnodar.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 15 March 2025
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Europe | Europe | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Spartak Vladikavkaz | 2019–20 | Russian Second League | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 0 |
| Mashuk-KMV Pyatigorsk | 2020–21 | Russian Second League | 13 | 1 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 13 | 1 |
| Yessentuki | 2021–22 | Russian Second League | 14 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 15 | 0 |
| Dynamo Stavropol | 2021–22 | Russian Second League | 11 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 11 | 0 |
| West Armenia | 2022–23 | Armenian First League | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0 |
| West Armenia | 2023–24 | Armenian Premier League | 19 | 2 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 20 | 2 |
| West Armenia | Total | Total | 19 | 2 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 21 | 2 |
| Dynamo Brest | 2024 | Belarusian Premier League | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 13 | 0 |
| Fakel Voronezh | 2024–25 | Russian Premier League | 16 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 18 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 88 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 93 | 3 |
# Caitlyn Shadbolt (EP)

Caitlyn Shadbolt is the debut extended play by Australian recording artist Caitlyn Shadbolt. The album was released on 21 August 2015.

## Charts

| Chart (2017) | Peak position |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 50 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Edition(s) | Label | Catalogue |
| Australia | 21 August 2015 | CD digital download | Standard | ABC Music / Universal Music Australia | 4748036 |
# The Age of the Earth

The Age of the Earth (Portuguese: A Idade da Terra - pronounced) is a 1980 Brazilian avant-garde film directed by Glauber Rocha. It was his final film.
The film had its world premiere at the Golden Lion competition of the 1980 Venice Film Festival.

## Cast

* Maurício do Valle as John Brahms
* Jece Valadão as Indian Christ (Cristo Índio)
* Antonio Pitanga as Black Christ (Cristo Negro)
* Tarcísio Meira as Military Christ (Cristo Militar)
* Geraldo Del Rey as Guerilla Christ (Cristo Guerrilheiro)
* Ana Maria Magalhães as Aurora Madalena
* Norma Bengell as Amazonas Queen (Rainha das Amazonas)
* Carlos Petrovich as the Devil (O Diabo)
* Mário Gusmão as Babalaô
* Danuza Leão
* Paloma Rocha

## Production

Rocha started the film in 1975 and planned to shoot it in Los Angeles, and subsequently proposed it in Paris, Rome, Mexico and Venezuela, but was unable to obtain financial support.
It was finally shot in Bahia, Brasilia, and Rio de Janeiro.

## Reception

It was Rocha's last film and the one that caused the most controversy.
It was produced by Embrafilme, a state-funded company, during the Brazilian military dictatorship, despite this, filmmakers had some level of creative freedom while shooting, the dictatorship used to impose its heavy censorship after productions had been completed. Rocha himself had been living in exile during the 70's, after numerous attempts of the censorship were made to Entranced Earth (1967) and Antonio das Mortes (1969).
Regardless, it was boycotted by international critics and "crucified" at the 1980 Venice Film Festival, especially after an argument between Rocha and Louis Malle at the presence of numerous journalists, shortly after the Golden Lion results were announced. Atlantic City, directed by Malle, had won the main prize and was deemed imperialist, by Rocha: "You won because your film was produced by Gaumont, an imperialist multinational"
# Oriole (band)

Oriole are a London-based band fusing lyrical world music with jazz spontaneity, who create an aural form of Magical Realism. Oriole's members consist of many of the most well established figures in the new British Jazz scene and are perhaps one of the few groups to feature two Mercury nominated artists: Ben Davis on cello and Seb Rochford on drums. They have also released two albums on the F-IRE Collective label. The music of Oriole is composed by prolific guitarist Jonny Phillips (musician).

## Discography

* Song for the Sleeping (F-ire, 2005)
* Migration (F-ire, 2006)
* Every New Day (F-ire, 2012)

### Compilation albums

* F-ire Works Vol. 1 (F-ire, 2006)
* F-ire Works Vol. 2 (F-ire, 2007)
* ZOOM! European Jazz Collective (F-ire, 2007)

## Personnel

* Jonny Phillips - guitar
* Ingrid Laubrock - tenor saxophone
* Ben Davis - cello
* Idris Rahman - tenor saxophone
* Nick Ramm - piano
* Adriano Adewale - percussion
* Ruth Goller - bass
* Fernando De Marco - bass
* Seb Rochford - drums
* Guests and previous members have included Sarah Homer, Julia Biel, Okou, Steve Buckley, Guillermo Rozenthuler, Paul Clarvis and Anders Christensen.
# Arizona's 8th legislative district

Arizona's 8th legislative district is one of 30 in the state, consisting of a section of Maricopa County. As of 2023, there are 57 precincts in the district, all in Maricopa, with a total registered voter population of 117,848. The district has an overall population of 244,166.
Following the 2020 United States redistricting cycle, the Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission (AIRC) redrew legislative district boundaries in Arizona. According to the AIRC, the district is outside of competitive range and considered leaning Democratic.

## Political representation

The district is represented in the 56th Arizona State Legislature, which convenes from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2024, by Juan Mendez (D-Tempe) in the Arizona Senate and by Melody Hernandez (D-Tempe) and Deborah Nardozzi (D-Scottsdale) in the Arizona House of Representatives.
Jevin Hodge was appointed in January 2024 to succeed Representative Athena Salman, who resigned at the end of 2023. However, Representative Hodge subsequently resigned in March 2024 from the seat as well. Nardozzi was appointed to succeed Hodge in April 2024.
| Name | Residence | Office | Party |
| Lauren Kuby | Tempe | State senator | Democrat |
| Janeen Connolly | Tempe | State representative | Democrat |
| Brian Garcia | Tempe | State representative | Democrat |

## Election results

The 2022 elections were the first in the newly drawn district.

### Arizona Senate

2022 Arizona's 8th Senate district election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Juan Mendez (incumbent) | 42,669 | 62.72 |
| | Republican | Roxana Holzapfel | 25,366 | 37.28 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 68,035 | 100 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

### Arizona House of Representatives

2022 Arizona House of Representatives election, 8th district :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Melody Hernandez (Incumbent) | 40,378 | 31.71 |
| | Democratic | Athena Salman (Incumbent) | 39,386 | 30.93 |
| | Republican | Caden Darrow | 23,848 | 18.73 |
| | Republican | Bill Loughrige | 23,725 | 18.63 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 127,337 | 100.00 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |
# 1936–37 Scottish Cup

The 1936–37 Scottish Cup was the 59th staging of Scotland's most prestigious football knockout competition. The Cup was won by Celtic who defeated Aberdeen in the final before a European record domestic crowd of 147,365.

## Fourth round

| Team One | Team Two | Score |
| Celtic | Motherwell | 4-4 2-1 |
| St Mirren | Clyde | 0-3 |
| Hamilton Academical | Aberdeen | 1-2 |
| Morton | Queen of the South | 4-1 |

## Final
### Teams

Celtic: :
| GK | Joe Kennaway |
| RB | Bobby Hogg |
| LB | John Morrison |
| RH | Chic Geatons |
| CH | Willie Lyon (Captain) |
| LH | George Paterson |
| RW | Jimmy Delaney |
| IR | Willie Buchan |
| CF | Jimmy McGrory |
| IL | Johnny Crum |
| LW | Frank Murphy |
| Manager: ||||
| Willie Maley ||||
Aberdeen: :
| GK | George Johnstone |
| RB | Willie Cooper |
| LB | Bob Temple |
| RH | Frank Dunlop |
| CH | Eddie Falloon (Captain) |
| LH | George Thomson |
| RW | Jackie Beynon |
| IR | Johnny McKenzie |
| CF | Matt Armstrong |
| IL | Willie Mills |
| LW | Johnny Lang |
| Manager: ||||
| Paddy Travers ||||
# Erick Swenson

Erick Lawrence Swenson (born 1972 in Phoenixville, Pennsylvania) is an American figurative sculptor living and working in Dallas, Texas.

## Education

He earned a B.F.A. in Studio Art, Painting and Drawing, from the School of Visual Arts, University of North Texas, in 1999.

## Exhibitions

Swenson has shown internationally at galleries and museums such as the Hammer Museum in Los Angeles, the Villa Stuck in Munich, and was included in the 2004 Biennial Exhibition of the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York. He held an exhibition in 2012 at the Nasher Sculpture Center, Dallas, running from April 14, the first solo exhibition there by a Dallas artist.
Swenson is known for his urethane resin recreations of creatures in death or distress. I Am What I Isn't, from 2017, is an example of the artist's finely detailed sculptures made entirely from cast urethane resin and acrylic paint. Some of his creatures are displayed in elaborate dioramas. Swenson's scenes often involve fabricated animals like deer, sheep, and apes captured frozen in allegorical moments. Inspired by museum exhibits and model making, Swenson's tableaux conjure the Romanticism of Caspar David Friedrich and the imagery of wintry Bavarian fairy tales.
Swenson is represented by the James Cohan Gallery in New York.

## Public Collections

* The Dallas Museum of Art, Dallas, Texas
* Honolulu Museum of Art, Honolulu, Hawaii
* Nasher Sculpture Center, Dallas, Texas
* Maramotti Collection, Reggio Emilia, Italy
* Modern Art Museum of Ft. Worth, Texas
* Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Texas
* The Saatchi Collection, London
* Sheldon Memorial Art Gallery, University of Nebraska
* Whitney Museum of American Art, New York

## Awards

* 1999 The Arch and Anne Giles Kimbrough Fund, The Dallas Museum of Art, Dallas, TX
* 2004 The Joan Mitchell Painters and Sculptors Grant Program Award, The Joan Mitchell Foundation
# Sally Kosgei

Dr. Sally Jepng'etich Kosgey (born 1949) is a Kenyan politician. She belongs to ODM and was elected to represent the Aldai Constituency in the National Assembly of Kenya in the 2007 Kenyan parliamentary election.
She was educated at Alliance Girls High School. She obtained a BA degree from the University of Dar es Salaam in 1974. She later received her MA in 1975 and a Ph.D. in 1980, both from Stanford University in the United States.
She worked for various organisations, before being tapped by former President Daniel arap Moi where she worked in various posts culminating in her appointments as ambassador and head of public service/secretary to the cabinet.
She also served as minister for higher education in the coalition government which came about in 2008 after the post election violence. However, in April 2010, she swapped jobs with Agriculture Minister William Ruto.
In November 2017 an investigation conducted by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalism cited her name in the list of politicians named in "Paradise Papers" allegations.
# The Grave Diggers

The Grave Diggers were an American rockabilly, surf, jazz, punk band. They are notable due to their eclectic musical style, their early foreshadowing of subsequent music revival movements, and the musical careers of their members.
The band was established in Southern California in early 1983 by friends and classmates Jason Goodman (vocals/guitar), Wally Hersom (upright bass), Michael "Mick" McCarthy (guitar) and Quinn Millard (drums).
In 1985, they released the self-recorded four-song EP "Monsters At Play" on Bobbette Records. The band played shows around Southern California, opening for and playing with various rockabilly, surf, roots and garage artists including Tav Falco, The Untold Fables, Saddle Sores, Rockin' Rebels, James Intveld, The Red Devils, The Blazers, Eddie Nichols, Russell Scott, The Beguiled, Melvis & the Megatones and Bobbi Brat.
In 1989, they released the full-length LP "Move It" on Crypt Records. "Move It" was recorded at Coyote Studios in Brooklyn, New York, during a one-day session that yielded twenty-five songs, ten of which were never released. The album was produced by British musician Billy Childish and featured album artwork by Cliff Mott. During that trip to New York, the band played two nights at Crypt Record's Bad Music Seminar alongside bands such as Thee Mighty Caesars, The Raunch Hands, The A-Bones and Rat Bastards. The band returned to Southern California and promptly broke up.
Bassist Wally Hersom went on to play with Big Sandy & His Fly-Rite Boys. Guitarist Mick McCarthy and drummer Quinn Millard went on to form the band Medicine Rattle, which released the 1992 album "Unbottled", produced by Billy Zoom of the punk band X, on the label Earth Music. Vocalist Jason Goodman went on to play with The Blazers and the ska band Jump With Joey.
In retrospect, The Grave Diggers' eclectic mix of swing, jazz, trash, garage and punk was ahead of its time, a 1980s precursor to the swing revival and garage rock revival of the late 1990s and early 2000s. More than twenty years after the band's breakup, copies of the Bobbette EP were being sought by collectors despite the songs being legally available on-line.
In 2013, Tim Warren of Crypt Records re-released the "Move It" LP as a double gatefold featuring archival photos of the band, art by guitarist Mick McCarthy, and liner notes by rock critic Chris Morris and Bobbette Records owner Mark Lee Goodale. The ten unreleased songs from the Coyote Studios session remain unreleased.
# Canciones Para La Luna - Sinfónico En Vivo

Canciones Para La Luna - Sinfónico En Vivo (English: Songs for the Moon - Symphonic Live) is the first album of Belanova in symphonic format where all songs were modified and played with a symphony orchestra, was recorded in the Roberto Cantoral Cultural Center on September 2 and went on sale in digital format through a promotion of Pepsi on October 8 with only 10 songs, up to December 13 Belanova I present in physical format and by a DVD with a total of 15 songs and videos. Several musicians collaborated in this algum: Jay de la Cueva (singer of Moderatto), singers Sofi Mayen y Renee Moi, Javier Blake (singer of División Minúscula), guitarist César “El Vampiro” López (Maná and Jaguares), and Alejandro Rosso (keyboard player from Plastilina Mosh).

## Singles

The first single was "Sólo Dos" which was officially launched on October 8, 2013, with his video channel Vevo Belanova, reaching the highest places of popularity in México.
The second single, "Por Ti" being one original song of the album Dulce Beat but with changing rhythms and symphonic orchestra which was a gift for his fans of his early career. To close with the promotion of singles Belanova disk hill with a song duet "No Voy a Parar" the singer Jay de la Cueva of the Moderatto group which was launched officially on July 25, 2014 being the third and final single from the band.

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Mexico (AMPROFON) | Platinum | 60,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Bait Range

The Bait Range is a small subrange of the Skeena Mountains of the Interior Mountains, located on the west side of northern Takla Lake in northern British Columbia, Canada.

## Mountains

Mountains within the Bait Range include:
* Bait Peak
* Mount Lovel
* Mount Teegee
* Frypan Peak
* Trail Peak