OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Living Dub Vol. 3

Living Dub Volume 3 is a dub album of reggae music by the Jamaican singer Burning Spear (Winston Rodney). It was released in 1996.

## Track listing

* Dub Peace
* Dub Creation
* Dub Not Stupid
* Dub Subject in School
* Dub This Man
* Dub Rastaman
* Dub Legal
* Dub Nation
* Dub the World
* Dub Old Timer
* Dub Africa
* Dub Burning
* Dub Business
* Dub Lovin

## Credits

* All Songs Written by Winston Rodney and Published by Burning Spear Publishing, ASCAP
* Executive Producer - Burning Music Productions
* Recorded at Grove Recording Studio, Ocho Rios, St. Ann, Jamaica
* Recording Engineer - Barry O'Hare
* Mixed by Barry O'Hare except: "World Dub" and "Loving Dub" mixed by Michael Sauvage
* Project Coordinator for Heartbeat - Garret Vandermolen
* Mastered by Dr. Toby Mountain at Northeastern Digital Recording, Southborough, MA
* Special Thanks To Karl Young, Barry O'Hare, Tedo Davis, Sonia Rodney, Anthony "Jolly" Rhoden, Carolyn Marr, and Mutabaruka

### Musicians

* Winston Rodney - vocals, percussion, akete, harmony
* Nelson Miller - drums, percussion, backing vocals on "Subject In School"
* Paul Beckford - bass
* Lenford Richards - lead guitar, funde
* Lenval "Shayar" Jarrett - rhythm guitar
* Jay Noel - synthesizer on "Africa" and "Creation"
* Alvin Haughton - percussion
* James Smith - trumpet
* Charles Dickey - trombone
* Mark Wilson - saxophone
Additional Musicians
* Robbie Lyn - piano, synthesizers
* Basil Cunningham - bass on "Legal "Hustlers"
* Dean Fraser - saxophone
* Ronald "Nambo" Robinson - trombone
* Junior "Chico" Chin - trumpet
* Uziah "Sticky" Thompson - percussion
* Carol "Passion" Nelson - harmony vocals
* Rupert Bent - lead guitar
* Archibald "Tedo" Davis - backing vocals on "Subject In School"
# Macromolecular Bioscience

Macromolecular Bioscience is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering polymer science. It publishes Reviews, Feature Articles, Communications, and Full Papers at the intersection of polymer and materials sciences with life science and medicine. The editorial office is in Weinheim, Germany. The editor-in-chief is Anne Pfisterer. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 4.979.

## Abstracting and indexing

* BIOSIS Previews
* Biochemistry & Biophysics Citation Index
* Science Citation Index
* Current Contents/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences
* Chemical Abstracts Service
* Advanced Polymers Abstracts
* BIOBASE
* Biotechnology & Bioengineering Abstracts
* Compendex
* Embase
* Scopus
* Ceramic Abstracts
* Civil Engineering Abstracts
* Earthquake Engineering Abstracts
* Engineered Materials Abstracts
* International Aerospace Abstracts & Database
* MEDLINE/PubMed
* Polymer Library
# Macroscopic quantum self-trapping

In quantum mechanics, macroscopic quantum self-trapping is when two Bose–Einstein condensates weakly linked by an energy barrier which particles can tunnel through, nevertheless end up with a higher average number of bosons on one side of the junction than the other. The junction of two Bose–Einstein condensates is mostly analogous to a Josephson junction, which is made of two superconductors linked by a non-conducting barrier. However, superconducting Josephson junctions do not display macroscopic quantum self-trapping, and thus macroscopic quantum self-tunneling is a distinguishing feature of Bose–Einstein condensate junctions. Self-trapping occurs when the self-interaction energy $\Lambda$ between the Bosons is larger than a critical value called $\Lambda _{c}^{\text{MJJ}}$. $\Lambda _{c}^{\text{MJJ}}={\frac {1+{\sqrt {1-z(0)^{2}}}\cos(\theta (0)+\theta _{\text{A-C}})}{z(0)^{2}/2}}$
It was first described in 1997. It has been observed in Bose–Einsten condensates of exciton-polaritons, and predicted for a condensate of magnons.
While the tunneling of a particle through classically forbidden barriers can be described by the particle's wave function, this merely gives the probability of tunneling. Although various factors can increase or decrease the probability of tunneling, one can not be certain whether or not tunneling will occur.
When two condensates are placed in a double potential well and the phase and population differences are such that the system is in equilibrium, the population difference will remain fixed. A naïve conclusion is that there is no tunneling at all, and the bosons are truly "trapped" on one side of the junction. However, macroscopic quantum self-trapping does not rule out quantum tunneling — rather, only the possibility of observing tunneling is ruled out. In the event that a particle tunnels through the barrier, another particle tunnels in the opposite direction. Because the identity of individual particles is lost in that case, no tunneling can be observed, and the system is considered to remain at rest.
# Locust Log Ridge

Locust Log Ridge refers to two different mountain ridges located within the State of Georgia.
* Locust Log Ridge in Union County, Georgia is a ridge located west of Brasstown Bald, Georgia's highest point. The central point of the ridge is Blue Bluff, which is also its high point. One spur of the ridge runs in a southwesterly direction from Blue Bluff and ends at Rocky Knob. The other spur of the ridge runs northwest from Blue Bluff to Cove Gap and the Arkaquah Trail is located along this portion of the ridge. The Locust Log Ridge in Union County is a high ridge, with elevations ranging from a low of about 3,420 at Cove Gap to a high of 4,106 above Blue Bluff. The entire ridge is located within the boundaries of the Brasstown Wilderness in the Chattahoochee National Forest.
* Locust Log Ridge in White County, Georgia is a ridge located northeast of Wildcat Mountain. The ridge is mostly located above 3,200 feet, with an approximate length of 1.5 miles and a maximum elevation of 3,300 feet.
# Locust Hill (Leesburg, Virginia)

Locust Hill is an early 19th-century Federal-style mansion north of Leesburg in Loudoun County, Virginia, United States. Locust Hill was the home of John Thomson Mason (15 March 1765–10 December 1824), a prominent American jurist and Attorney General of Maryland in 1806 and nephew of Founding Father of the United States George Mason.

## History

Locust Hill is believed to have been built for John Thomson Mason, a nephew of George Mason of Gunston Hall and son of Thomson Mason of nearby Raspberry Plain. Although no definite date of construction has been determined, stylistically the house probably dates from the first quarter of the 19th century.

## Architecture

Locust Hill is a Federal-style Flemish-bond brick house situated on the first rise of the eastern slope of Catoctin Mountain. The residence features a brick water table, twelve-over-twelve double-sash windows, and fanlights over each of the formal entrances. Locust Hill's two-story front portico with stylized American order capitals served as the inaugural stand from Franklin D. Roosevelt's second presidential inauguration in 1937.
Locust Hill's property also features several farm buildings, one which is an early 20th-century frame barn with a jerkinhead roof.

## Events

* Ann Mason Tutt (1807–1873), daughter of Charles Pendleton Tutt and Ann Mason Chichester, married Charles Bonnycastle at Locust Hill on 10 January 1826.
* Mary Barnes Tutt (1815–1898), daughter of Charles Pendleton Tutt and Ann Mason Chichester, married John Aris Throckmorton at Locust Hill on 14 March 1839.
# Kenjiro Tanaka

Kenjiro Tanaka (田中 健二朗, Tanaka Kenjirō, born September 18, 1989) is a professional Japanese baseball player. He plays pitcher for the Kufu HAYATE Ventures Shizuoka.
# Liz Hills

Elizabeth Dorrepaal Hills (born May 16, 1954), now known under her married name as Liz O'Leary, is an American rower. She competed in the women's quadruple sculls event at the 1976 Summer Olympics. The rower Elizabeth McCagg (married name Hills) is her sister-in-law.
# Liz Heaston

Elizabeth Heaston Thompson (born 1977) is an American athlete who is the first woman ever to score in a college football game. She accomplished this feat on October 18, 1997 as a placekicker for the Willamette Bearcats football team of Willamette University, which then competed in the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) for small colleges. She also played women's soccer for Willamette as a defender. Heaston's accomplishment was widely noted by the media and the sports community.

## Life

Heaston was raised in Richland, Washington. After graduating she enrolled at Willamette University, where she became a star soccer player, earning All-American honorable mention in 1996 and 1997. In 1997 she joined the football team as a backup placekicker. She became the first woman to play and score points in a college football game during a match between Willamette and Linfield College on October 18, 1997. The 5-foot-5-inch, 120-pound soccer player entered the game as a replacement kicker for Willamette and kicked two extra points as her team won 27-0. The accomplishment resulted in interviews with The Today Show and CBS This Morning.
Heaston's football career lasted two games; she made two of four extra point attempts. Her jersey hangs on display at the College Football Hall of Fame.
The following year Heaston played only soccer at Willamette, and graduated with a biology degree in 1999. She attended graduate school at Pacific University where she earned a doctorate in optometry and met her husband Trent Thompson. She has one daughter, Isabella, and a son and lives and works in her hometown of Richland, Washington, where she works at her father's optometry office along with her husband.
# Osteria del Cappello

The "Osteria Del Cappello" (lit. Inn of the Hat) or "Al Cappello Rosso" (lit. to the Red Hat) is an osteria and it is one of the oldest inns in Bologna in Italy, and it is still active today as a hotel and as a restaurant serving food and drinks. It is located in Via de’ Fusari, near Piazza Maggiore.

## History

The Bolognese historical archives, mention a "Hosteria del Cappello" in 1375. This Hosteria could have changed location many times until 1700. In fact the locations were not property of the host and, often, the symbol of the inn remained the same even though its location had changed. The current location of the Hostaria dates back to 1652, when host Domenico Simoncini decided to place the inn in Via de’ Fusari. The name comes from the sign: almost any kind of object, typically bells, keys, crowns, and hats (like in this case) could appear on a sign of an Italian tavern.
The hat of this Osteria, decorated with ribbons, was clearly linked to the Church, since it could represent the one of a prior or archbishop. This detail determined the colour of the banner, red, which was intended to remind the clergy of their willingness to shed their own blood for the Church. In the 15th century, Bologna's bishop Niccolò Albergati had already stated the importance of this tavern, also used as the only place, at the time located outside the city's walls, where the Jews who happened to pass through the city could stay.
In 1712, the Bolognese engraver Giuseppe Maria Mitelli included the Hostaria in the "Giuoco nuovo di tutte le osterie che sono in Bologna", with the same logo as nowadays. The sign of the tavern in the game occupies box #41, followed by the description of the tavern as a place where it is possible to eat "good partridges" finely larded, together with "croutons". The Osteria Del Cappello, together with the Osteria del Sole are the only inns of this old game to be still active in Bologna.
# Judith Gersting

Judith Lee MacKenzie Gersting (born August 20, 1940) is an American mathematician, computer scientist, and textbook author. She is a professor emerita of computer science at Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis and at the University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo.

## Education and career

Gersting graduated from Stetson University in 1962, and completed a Ph.D. in mathematics in 1969 at Arizona State University. Her dissertation, Some Results on $t$-Regressive Isols, concerned recursive function theory and was supervised by Matt Hassett.
After holding a faculty position in the department of mathematical sciences at Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) for ten years, and becoming a full professor there, she spent a year at the University of Central Florida before returning to IUPUI in 1981 as professor of mathematics and acting chair of the department of computer and information science. She came to the University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo in 1990, and chaired the computer science department there for many years. After retiring from the University of Hawaiʻi, she became a part-time faculty member at IUPUI.

## Books

Gersting's books include:
* Abstract Algebra: A First Look (with Joseph E. Kuczkowski, Marcel Dekker, 1977)
* The Metric System (with Elaine V. Alton, Cummings, 1977)
* Yes–No; Stop–Go: Some Patterns in Mathematical Logic (with Joseph E. Kuczkowski and Don Madden, Crowell, 1977)
* Mathematical Structures for Computer Science (W. H. Freeman, 1982; 7th ed., 2014)
* Technical Calculus with Analytic Geometry (Wadsworth, 1984; Dover, 1992)
* The Computer: History, Workings, Uses & Limitations (with Michael C. Gemignani, Ardsley House, 1988)
* The Programming Process with Pascal (West Publishing, 1989)
* Invitation to Computer Science (with G. Michael Schneider, West Publishing, 1995; 8th ed., Cengage, 2018)
* Visual Basic Programming: A Laboratory Approach (Computer Science Press, 1996)
With Henry M. Walker, she was co-chair and co-editor of the annual symposium on computer science education of SIGCSE in 2002.

## Recognition

The University of Hawaii system awarded Gersting the Regents’ Excellence in Teaching Award in 2006.
# Kestanealan

Kestanealan can refer to:
* Kestanealan, Arhavi
* Kestanealan, İnegöl
# Stanley Cup riot

Stanley Cup riot may refer to four riots occurring after the Stanley Cup Finals (two of which have occurred in Montreal and another two in Vancouver):

## Stanley Cup finals riot

* 1986 riot in Montreal
* 1993 riot in Montreal
* 1994 riot in Vancouver
* 2011 riot in Vancouver

## Stanley Cup playoffs riot

* 2006 riot in Edmonton; see sports riot
* 2008 riot in Montreal; see sports riot
* 2010 riot in Montreal; see sports riot
# Maclaurin

Maclaurin or MacLaurin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Colin Maclaurin (1698–1746), Scottish mathematician
* Normand MacLaurin (1835–1914), Australian politician and university administrator
* Henry Normand MacLaurin (1878–1915), Australian general
* Ian MacLaurin, Baron MacLaurin of Knebworth (b. 1937)
* Richard Cockburn Maclaurin (1870–1920), US physicist and educator
# Kenouzou

Kenouzou is a village in the Bamingui-Bangoran Prefecture in the northern Central African Republic.
# Kenneth J. O'Connell

Kenneth John O'Connell (December 8, 1909 – February 18, 2000) was an American educator and jurist in the state of Oregon. He served as the 36th Chief Justice of the Oregon Supreme Court, serving in that position from 1970 to 1976. A native of Wisconsin, he also served as a longtime professor at the University of Oregon’s law school.

## Early life

Kenneth O'Connell was born on December 8, 1909, in Bayfield, Wisconsin. He attended the University of Wisconsin Law School, where he earned two law degrees, one in 1933 and another in 1934.

## Legal career

After graduating from law school O'Connell took a job at the University of Oregon School of Law in 1935 as a professor. He was appointed to the position by Dean Wayne Morse and taught a variety of subjects as the school had few professors in the early years. Later he served on commissions in the 1950s and 1960s to revise Oregon's laws and constitution. He had earlier campaigned for law reforms in Oregon and was selected to head the committee to revise Oregon's statutes in 1949. In 1953, O'Connell received the Award of Merit from the Oregon State Bar.

## Judicial career

O'Connell's career on the Oregon Supreme Court began in 1958, when Oregon Governor Robert D. Holmes appointed him to the bench to replace James T. Brand after Brand resigned. His appointment came July 1, 1958, and was then elected to a full six-year term later that year. Justice O'Connell won re-election in both 1964 and 1974. While on the court he was given the Distinguished Service Award from the University of Oregon in 1967. He then was selected by his fellow justices to serve as chief justice from 1970 to 1976. O'Connell did not seek re-election in 1976 and then retired from the bench at the end of his term in 1977.

## Family and later life

In 1964 Kenneth J. O'Connell married Esther Foster O'Connell. Kenneth had two sons, Tom and Dan, from a previous marriage to Evelyn O'Connell. O’Connell was known to doodle while listening to cases at the supreme court, and used a chalkboard to map out his legal decisions while in chambers. The University of Oregon awarded him their Law Meritorious Service Award in 1985. He was also given the Distinguished Service Award from the American Civil Liberties Union of Oregon. Kenneth O'Connell died in Salem, Oregon, on February 18, 2000, at the age of 90. The University of Oregon holds an annual symposium named in his honor.
# Kenton Court Meadow

Kenton Court Meadow is a cricket ground in Sunbury-on-Thames, Surrey (formerly Middlesex). First established in 1957, the first recorded match on the ground was in 1967, when Sunbury played South Hampstead.
In 1972, the ground held its first List-A match when Surrey played Gloucestershire in the 1972 John Player League. The following season Surrey played Warwickshire in the same competition, and in 1974 the ground held its final List-A match when Surrey played Leicestershire in the 1974 version of the competition.
Between 1974 and 1977, the Surrey Second XI played 4 Second XI Championship matches at the ground.
In local domestic cricket, the venue is the home ground of Sunbury Cricket Club whose top men's side play in the Surrey Premier League being 50 yards north of old Surrey on which the league is approximately based. The cricket pavilion at the ground was opened in 1959 by Sir Leonard Hutton.
# Landeshauptstadt Kiel v Jaeger

Landeshauptstadt Kiel v Jaegar (2003) C-151/02 is a European labour law case concerning the EU Working Time Directive.

## Facts

Dr. Jaeger, a doctor working at a hospital, was required to remain on-call between shifts. A room was provided at the hospital for Dr. Jaeger to sleep. According to the collective agreement, the average working time when on-call (covering periods between 16 and 25 hours) should not exceed 49% of the on-call period. Dr. Jaeger, however, contended that all on-call time should be considered as working time.
Seeking clarification, the Bundesarbeitsgericht requested a preliminary ruling to determine whether, under Articles 3 and 6 of 93/104/EC (as implemented by Germany's Law on Working Time 1994 §5 III), time spent on-call was indeed considered working time. This law stated that Dr. Jaeger was required to remain at work, but could sleep if work was not required. On average, Dr. Jaeger did spend 49% of his time on-call, and the time spent inactive was categorised as a rest period.

## Judgment

The European Court of Justice ruled that all time Dr. Jaeger was mandated to be at the hospital, including when sleeping, should be classified as working time. The court noted that after the SIMAP case, the Directive could not be interpreted to treat inactive on-call time as a rest period. The court also found that Dr. Jaeger was subjected to more constraints than a doctor at home, as he was separated from his family and social environment.
The 1994 Act was found to breach the Directive by allowing Dr. Jaeger's collective agreement to only offset active on-call time. Under Article 17, a derogation to allow for a reduction of the daily minimum rest of 8 hours could only be granted if an immediate rest period followed, and such a reduction could not permit the maximum weekly working time to be exceeded.

## Significance

In the wake of the ECJ's decision, the European Commission proposed in COM (2004) 607 final that time spent at work on-call should not necessarily be classified as 'working time'. However, this proposal was not adopted. Instead, there was a significant increase in the number of opt-outs for health work from member states in response to the ruling. Notably, 15 governments apply these opt-outs, predominantly concerning health care.
# Leomar Antônio Brustolin

Leomar Antônio Brustolin (born 15 August 1967) is a Brazilian prelate of the Catholic Church who has been archbishop of Santa Maria since 2021. He was auxiliary bishop of Porto Alegre from 2015 to 2021.

## Biography

Leomar Antônio Brustolin was born in Caxias do Sul on 15 August 1967. He studied at the University of Caxias do Sul and at the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul. He was ordained a priest on 20 December 1992. From 1992 to 2001 he was parish vicar of Saint Teresa, at the diocesan cathedral of Caxias do Sul. From 1993 to 2014, he was director of the theology course for the laity of the dioceses of Caxias do Sur.
On 7 January 2015, Pope Francis appointed him auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Porto Alegre and titular bishop of Tigava. He was ordained a bishop on 25 March by Archbishop Jaime Spengler. On 22 June, he was appointed a member of the Episcopal Pastoral Commission for the Doctrine of the Faith of the Episcopal Conference of Brazil (C.N.B.B.).
On 2 June 2021, Pope Francis appointed him archbishop of Santa Maria. He was installed there on 15 August, his birthday, at the Basilica Shrine of Our Lady Mediatrix of All Graces.
# Felix Ponte

Felix Ponte is a Peruvian-American former professional tennis player.
Raised in Lima, Ponte was a top ranked Peruvian junior and attended high school in Chicago.
After being drafted into the U.S. Army he was stationed at Dugway Proving Ground and during this time met Brigham Young University head coach Wayne Pearce, who recruited him to the team,. His quickness on court earned him the nickname "The Cat" from his BYU teammates and he was with the squad from 1970 to 1972.
Ponte featured on the professional tennis tour in the 1970s and registered a best singles world ranking of 174.
# Marie Petiet

Marie Petiet or Marie Dujardin-Beaumetz (1854–1893) was a French painter known for her genre scenes and portraits.

## Biography

Dujardin-Beaumetz née Petiet was born on 20 July 1854 in Limoux, France the daughter of the painter Léopold Petiet. She studied with the painters Jean-Jacques Henner and Louis Hector Leroux from 1877 through 1883.
She married the painter Étienne Dujardin-Beaumetz [fr] 1886 and began showing her work under the name Marie Dujardin-Beaumetz.
She exhibited at the Société des Artistes Français from 1877 through 1883. She also exhibited at the Paris Salon.
Petiet died on 16 April 1893 in Paris.

## Legacy

Her works are preserved in the Musée Petiet de Limoux. Her work Knitter asleep was included in the book Women Painters of the World. Petiet was included in the 2018 exhibit Women in Paris 1850-1900.
# European Dailies Alliance

European Dailies Alliance (EDA) is an alliance formed by like-minded Conservative newspapers in Europe, namely ABC in Spain, The Daily Telegraph in United Kingdom, Le Figaro in France and Die Welt in Germany.
In 2001, the four newspapers, each of which is a newspaper of record in their country, agreed to form an alliance to enhance the co-operation between them and their respective websites. The agreement of the alliance included:
* to extend the international coverage of individual newspaper through editorial co-operation
* to have renowned foreign writers in the newspaper
* to offer privileged access to the database of other newspapers in the alliance
* to have links to other newspaper in the alliance on their own website
* to have exchange of editors
* to be benefited from the enhanced co-operation in the area of journalistic education and advertising business
The chairperson of the alliance is rotated among the chief editor of the member newspapers. Yves de Chaisemartin, the then chief editor of Le Figaro, the oldest newspaper in the alliance, was the first chairperson.