OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# ThighMaster

The ThighMaster is an exercise product designed to shape one's thighs.

## Usage

The device is essentially two pieces of metal tube bent in a loop and connected with a hinge. The intended use is to put the ThighMaster between the knees and squeeze them together. This exercises the hip adductors. The simple mechanism allows exercising any suitable muscle where a small angle can be created to press it, for example the biceps (elbow flexion) or the hamstrings (knee flexion).

## Marketing

Advertisements emphasized that the ThighMaster could be used while doing something else. The infomercials featured people watching television and exercising with the ThighMaster at the same time. It was mainly advertised in the 1990s by the actress Suzanne Somers.

## History

The ThighMaster was invented in Sweden by then-physical medicine intern (later "Dr.") Anne Marie Bennstrom (Prescott) as the "V-Bar" physical therapy device. It later received US design patent number 343882S as "physical exerciser."
It achieved commercial success when marketed under the "ThighMaster" name by Joshua Reynolds (often erroneously credited as the inventor), who also made a great deal of money with his version of the Mood ring. Reynolds is an heir to the fortune of R. J. Reynolds, founder of R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company.
    "The V-Toner...we took over ownership of it and renamed it ThighMaster" — Suzanne Somers
# Mauro Del Bue

Mauro Del Bue (born 23 April 1951 in Reggio Emilia), is an Italian politician and journalist.

## Biography

Graduated in literature and philosophy, Mauro Del Bue is journalist by profession.
He was secretary of the Italian Socialist Youth Federation of Reggio Emilia in 1973, city councilor and leader of the Italian Socialist Party in 1975, secretary of the PSI of Reggio Emilia in 1977, from the Rome congress of 1976 he was a member of Central Committee of the PSI on behalf of the FGSI. He also was deputy mayor of Reggio Emilia in 1987 with the departments of culture and sport.
Del Bue was elected Deputy for the first time in 1987 and in 1992 he was re-elected. In 1992 he was among the members of the component of PSI "Socialist Renewal", led by Claudio Martelli.
In 2001 Del Bue joined the New Italian Socialist Party, of which he became the Deputy Secretary in 2003. From 2005 to 2006 he served as Undersecretary to the Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport in the Berlusconi III Cabinet. In 2006 he was again elected Deputy among the ranks of the DC–PS list, in the centre-right coalition. In 2007, following 2 separate congresses of the Socialist Party – New PSI, Del Bue and Stefano Caldoro were appointed secretaries of the same party. Finally, Del Bue, together with Gianni De Michelis and the left-wing of the party that supported him joined the Socialist constituent, while the right-wing that supported Caldoro joined The People of Freedom.
In 2009, following the local elections, he was appointed Assessor for Sport of the Municipality of Reggio Emilia by the mayor Graziano Delrio. In May 2013 he was also entrusted with environmental proxies. Since 2013 he is the director of Avanti!, the online newspaper of the Italian Socialist Party.
# Haiti at the 2024 Summer Paralympics

Haiti competed at the 2024 Summer Paralympics in Paris, France, from 28 August to 8 September 2024. This was the nation's fifth time competing at the Summer Paralympic Games after it made its debut sixteen years prior at the 2008 Summer Paralympics. The delegation consisted of only one Athlete from one sport.

## Competitors

The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.
| Sport | Men | Women | Total |
| Athletics | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 1 | 0 | 1 |

## Athletics

| Athlete | Event | Final | Final |
| Athlete | Event | Result | Rank |
| Ywenson Registre | Men's shot put F57 | 6.95 SB | 11 |
# Emma Green (journalist)

Emma Green is an American journalist and writer for The New Yorker. In November 2021, she was named a staff writer for the magazine, covering topics of academia and cultural conflicts in education. Green formerly worked as a staff writer and managing editor for The Atlantic, where she covered religion and politics. She has won several awards for her writing, including Religion News Association's first-place award in religion-news analysis in 2018, and the 2020 George W. Hunt, S.J., Prize for Journalism. Green graduated from Georgetown University in 2012.
# Peter Schärli

Peter Schärli (29 May 1955) is a Swiss jazz trumpeter.

## Biography

When he was ten years old, he started to learn trumpet. He continued his studies at the Lucern jazz school while working as a clerk. He joined the blues band Exodus as a singer, pianist, and trumpeter in 1974. From 1977 to 1981, he attended the Swiss jazz school in Bern and graduated with a master's degree. He worked with Urs Blöchlinger and John Wolf Brennan.
In 1982, he formed a trio with Marco Kappeli and Thomas Durst. The group expanded to a quartet with the addition of Hans Koch and guitarist Giancarlo Nicolai. Koch's place was taken by Roland Philipp, and Glenn Ferris also became a member. In 1994, the Peter Schärli Special sextet was formed with Ferris, Tom Varner, Dürst, Hans Feigenwinter, and Béatrice Graf.
Schärli has worked with Johannes Bauer, Christy Doran, Rick Margitza, Co Streiff, Gerry Hemingway, Paul Rutherford, Werner Lüdi, and Dom Um Romão.
He also performed in several circuses like Federlos. Since 1981, Schärli has been teaching at the Lucerne School of Music. He is the son of the previous member of the Swiss National Council, Hans Schärli (1925–2014).

## Awards

In the jazz poll of the Brazilian daily newspaper Tribuna da Imprensa Schärli was chosen trumpeter of the year 2006.
# Mark Zubek

Mark Zubek (born June 19, 1974) is a songwriter, and jazz musician. His songwriting style is influenced by gangsta rap, grunge, death metal, and acid jazz. He was discovered by Betty Carter, who wrote lyrics for and performed a composition of his.
Zubek was a member of the Toronto Songwriters' Association and has written jingles for companies like Coca-Cola, Dunkin' Donuts and the Discovery Channel.
Zubek writes and produces albums for singers and bands, arranges, plays instruments, and does sound engineering from his home studio.

## Discography
### As leader

Zubek has released two solo jazz records on Fresh Sound Records: "Horse With a Broken Leg" (2000) and "twentytwodollarfishlunch" (2009).

## Additional information
### Reviews

All About Jazz Magazine: Toronto-based bass player, songwriter, and producer Mark Zubek epitomizes his many cross-genres skills in the fields of jazz, hip-hop, R&B, and pop. Zubek's compositions revolve around his propulsive playing and the fat sound of his upright bass. Zubek's impressive vision and original compositions succeeds in blurring the artificial boundaries between jazz and other popular genres.
The All Music Guide says that Zubek gets a remarkably fat, woody sound from his bass instrument
Jazz Times Magazine 2009: Well crafted with a definite edge...like the 21st century Jazz Messengers...this is punk-jazz for now people.
# Moustached hawk-cuckoo

The moustached hawk-cuckoo (Hierococcyx vagans) is a species of cuckoo in the family Cuculidae. It is found in Brunei, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, and Thailand. Its natural habitat is evergreen and secondary forests. Threatened by habitat loss, it has been assessed as a near-threatened species.

## Taxonomy

Salomon Müller described the species in 1845, as Cuculus vagans. The species is monotypic.

## Distribution and habitat

The moustached hawk-cuckoo is found in southern Myanmar, Thailand, southern Laos, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, and Kalimantan, Sumatra and Java of Indonesia. Its habitat is evergreen and secondary forests and forest edges, especially on hills and in alluvial and bamboo forests. It occurs at elevations up to 915 m (3,002 ft).

## Description

The moustached hawk-cuckoo is 25–30 cm (9.8–11.8 in) long, and it weighs about 58–63 g (2.0–2.2 oz). The crown and nape are grey. The ear coverts are white, and there is a blackish moustache. The back is brown, and the tail has brown bands and a buffy or white tip. The flight feathers have buffy bars. The underparts are creamy-white, with blackish streaks. The eye is dark brown or grey, with a yellow eye-ring around it. The beak is black, and the feet are orange-yellow. The juvenile bird's back and wings are blackish, and it has black streaks on its breast. The fledgling also has a moustache.

## Behaviour

This cuckoo eats insects and small fruits. It has been seen in mixed-species foraging flocks. It is usually found in thick canopy. Males sing at fixed locations in the canopy, its call being chu-chu or kang-koh repeated every two seconds. It also gives a whistling peu peu that becomes hi-hi and then stops. It has been observed parasitising Abbott's babbler and the rufous-winged philentoma. In mainland Southeast Asia, the breeding season is June to August.

## Status

The species is threatened by rapid habitat loss caused by logging, land conversion and forest fires. The population is probably declining at a moderately rapid rate because it can live in secondary forests. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has assessed it as a near-threatened species.
# USS Rondo (SP-90)

The first USS Rondo (SP-90), later USS SP-90, was an armed motorboat that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1919.
Rondo was a civilian motorboat built in 1915 by the Rhode River Shipbuilding Company on the Rhode River in Maryland. The U.S. Navy acquired her on 16 May 1917 for World War I service as a patrol boat, and commissioned as USS Rondo (SP-90) on 14 November 1917.
Rondo served on patrol duty in Florida waters, operating out of Key West, Marathon, Long Key, and Bahia Honda Viaduct at Bahia Honda Key, through the end of the war. In April 1918, she was renamed USS SP-90, presumably to avoid confusion with the cargo ship USS Rondo (ID-2488), which was commissioned the previous month.
While anchored in North Beach Basin at Key West on 9 September 1919, SP-90 was among eight patrol boats completely destroyed by a hurricane. All recovered wreckage from SP-90 and the other seven boats was burned or turned into stores.
SP-90 was stricken from the Navy List on 4 October 1919.
# 1995 All-Mid-American Conference football team

The 1995 All-Mid-American Conference football team consists of American football players chosen for the All-Mid-American Conference ("MAC") teams for the 1995 NCAA Division I-A football season. MAC champion Toledo was undefeated but placed only three players on the first team: running back Wasean Tait, tight end Steve Rosi, and defensive lineman Steve Haynes. Miami (OH) finished in second place with an 8–2–1 record and placed five players on the first team: running back Deland McCullough, offensive lineman Mike Bird, linebackers Dee Osborne and Kenyon Harper, and defensive back Johnnie Williams.

## Offensive selections
### Quarterbacks

* Charlie Batch, Eastern Michigan

### Running backs

* Deland McCullough, Miami (OH)
* Wasean Tait, Toledo
* Astron Whatley, Kent State

### Wide receivers

* Steve Clay, Eastern Michigan
* Tony Knox, Jr., Western Michigan

### Tight ends

* Steve Rosi, Toledo

### Offensive linemen

* Mike Bird, Miami (OH)
* Chad Bukey, Bowling Green
* Tony Roush, Ball State
* Barry Stokes, Eastern Michigan
* Brock Gutierrez, Central Michigan

## Defensive selections
### Defensive linemen

* Greg Cepek, Bowling Green
* Steve Haynes, Toledo
* Keith McKenzie, Ball State
* Dion Powell, Western Michigan

### Linebackers

* Dee Osborne, Miami (OH) [OLB]
* Jason Woullard, Bowling Green [OLB]
* Kenyon Harper, Miami (OH) [ILB]
* Andre Vaughn, Western Michigan [ILB]

### Defensive backs

* Cory Gillard, Ball State
* Tristan Moss, Western Michigan
* Johnnie Williams, Miami (OH)
* Quincy Wright, Central Michigan

## Special teams
### Placekickers

* Derek Schoreis, Bowling Green

### Punters

* Brad Maynard, Ball State
# Foo Fighters: Back and Forth

Foo Fighters: Back and Forth is a 2011 rockumentary about the American rock band Foo Fighters, directed by filmmaker James Moll. The film documents the band's history and the recording process for their seventh studio album Wasting Light. The film's title is taken from a song of the same name on Wasting Light. In 2012, Back and Forth won the Grammy Award for Best Long Form Music Video.

## Background

The film includes material taken from over 1,000 hours of historical and new footage, and interviews with the current members of Foo Fighters, former bandmembers William Goldsmith and Franz Stahl, and producer Butch Vig. Frontman Dave Grohl has said the main inspiration for the film was the decision to record Wasting Light in the garage of his mansion in Encino, California – "Personally, I thought it would be a good idea to now tell the story of the last 16 years, so it would make more sense to watch us make a record in a garage. After selling out fucking stadiums and becoming this big rock band, why would you make a garage record? To me the first hour and 20 minutes of the movie is leading up to that moment." He also added that while the band "always believed a little mystery is important to rock’n’roll", he considered it was time to tell their story, and referencing the Tom Petty documentary Runnin' Down a Dream, "If we wait any longer, we’re going to wind up with a four-hour-long documentary".

## Release and reception

Back and Forth saw its debut on March 15, 2011 at the SXSW festival in Austin, Texas. The first session was followed by a surprise Foo Fighters live performance, which included the entirety of Wasting Light in its setlist.
On 12 February 2012, the documentary won a Grammy Award in the Best Long Form Music Video category.

## Charts

| Chart (2011) | Peak position |
| Australian Music DVDs Chart | 1 |
| Austrian Music DVDs Chart | 2 |
| Belgian (Flanders) Music DVDs Chart | 3 |
| Belgian (Wallonia) Music DVDs Chart | 7 |
| Danish Music DVDs Chart | 2 |
| Dutch Music DVDs Chart | 4 |
| Finnish Music DVDs Chart | 1 |
| German Albums Chart | 27 |
| Irish Music DVDs Chart | 2 |
| Italian Music DVDs Chart | 6 |
| New Zealand Music DVDs Chart | 1 |
| Norwegian Music DVDs Chart | 1 |
| Spanish Music DVDs Chart | 10 |
| Swedish Music DVDs Chart | 1 |
| Swiss Music DVDs Chart | 4 |
| UK Music Videos Chart | 1 |
| US DVDs Chart | 1 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | 2× Platinum | 30,000$^^$ |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Gold | 25,000$^^$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 50,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||

## Awards

| Year | Award | Work | Results |
| 2012 | NME Award Best Music Film | Back and Forth | Won |
| 2012 | Grammy Award for Best Long Form Music Video | Back and Forth | Won |
# Thiffault

Thiffault is a surname of French origin. People with that name include:
* Charles Thiffault (born 1939), Canadian ice hockey coach
* Leo Thiffault (1944–2018), Canadian ice hockey player
* Oscar Thiffault (1912–1998), Canadian folk musician
# United States Army Warrant Officer Career College

The United States Army's Warrant Officer Career College (USAWOCC), located at Fort Novosel, Alabama, functions as Training and Doctrine Command's executive agent for all warrant officer training and education in the U.S. Army. The Warrant Officer Career College is part of the Army University and Combined Arms Center, headquartered at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.
The Warrant Officer Career College develops and administers active and reserve component warrant officer courses to include the Warrant Officer Candidate School, Warrant Officer Basic Course, Warrant Officer Advanced Course, Warrant Officer Intermediate Level Education, and the Warrant Officer Senior Service Education.
# Nepeta sibirica

Nepeta sibirica, the Siberian catmint, is a species of flowering plant in the mint family Lamiaceae, native to Siberia.
Growing to 1 m (3.3 ft) tall by 1.5 m (4.9 ft) broad, it is an erect aromatic herbaceous perennial with whorls of violet flowers for an extended period in summer. The synonym Dracocephalum sibiricum indicates the shape of the flowers, which resemble a dragon's head.
It prefers a well-drained, moist soil in a sunny southerly or westerly aspect.
The cultivar 'Souvenir d'André Chaudon' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.
# Eluxolweni

Eluxolweni is an informal settlement situated next to the N2 freeway just north of Mdantsane. It falls under Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa.
# Mark Weyland

Mark Weyland was Governor of the Bank of England from 1789 to 1791. He had been Deputy Governor from 1787 to 1789. He replaced Edward Darell as Governor and was succeeded by Samuel Bosanquet.
# Valentin Kipyatkov

Valentin Kipyatkov (born June 5, 1976) is a Russian billionaire. He made his fortune from the software firm JetBrains, co-founded with Sergey Dmitriev. He resides primarily in Prague. He graduated from Saint Petersburg State University.
# USS Rosa

USS Rosa (SP-757) was a United States Navy patrol vessel in commission from 1917 to 1918.
Rosa was built as a private wooden motorboat of the same name in 1909 by Jensen at San Diego, California. In 1917, the U.S. Navy acquired her from her owner, Jack Merrill of Coronado, California, for use as a section patrol boat during World War I. She was commissioned on 17 May 1917 as USS Rosa (SP-757), although the Navy did not actually take delivery of her from Merrill until 29 June 1917, when she entered service.
Assigned to duty in San Diego Harbor, Rosa conducted patrols, provided minor transportation services, and conducted salvage operations for the rest of World War I. Ca. December 1917, she is known to have alternated between guard and patrol duty at San Diego on rotation with the patrol boats USS Albacore (SP-751), USS Normannia (SP-756), USS Nomad (SP-1046), and occasionally USS Natalie Mae (SP-1005).
Rosa was decommissioned around 17 December 1918 and was returned to Merrill on 6 January 1919.
# Uces

The Uces is a river in Salamanca province, tributary of the Douro.
This small Spanish river has its origin in Puertas, near Ledesma, in the province of Salamanca, and it is about 45 km long. The Uces River, tributary of the Douro River and formed by the confluence of multiple streams, is named so after the crossing village Las Uces. It is a river with a huge flow during winter and spring, which sometimes creates floods that routinely cross all the old stone bridges. By contrast, the river is almost dry during the summer months. The Uces River, in its last part before merging with the Douro River, has eroded the surrounding granite landscape and it has formed one of the most famous waterfalls of the area, the Smoking Waterfall ("Pozo de los Humos") which is part of the Uces River. This spectacular waterfall is about 40 m high. As wetland, the environment of the Uces River hosts a rich fauna, with a number of herons and egrets, birds of prey (golden eagle, peregrine falcon and eagle owl), the white stork (occasionally you can see couples of black storks passing by), kingfishes and other various birds including mallards as well as otters. Dragonflies and autochthonous mackerels (Achondrostoma Salmantinum), are now seen frequently.
41°14′20″N 6°34′15″W﻿ / ﻿41.23889°N 6.57083°W﻿ / 41.23889; -6.57083
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# United States v. Schooner Peggy

United States v. Schooner Peggy, 5 U.S. (1 Cranch) 103 (1801), was a United States Supreme Court case. It was one of a series of cases resolving disputes over ships captured during the undeclared Quasi-War between the United States and France from 1798 to 1800. The vessel was ordered returned to France.

## Background of the case

From 1798 to 1800 the United States and France were engaged in many hostile Naval engagements during the Quasi-War. According to the law at the time an enemy vessel could be captured during time of war and then subject to seizure, a legal process through which the vessel was determined to be property of the capturing party. At the conclusion of the undeclared war with France a treaty was ratified that stated in part:
   Property captured and not yet definitively condemned or which may be captured before the exchange of ratifications (contraband goods destined to an enemy's port excepted) shall be mutually restored. This article shall take effect from the date of the signature of the present convention. And if, from the date of the said signature, any property shall be condemned contrary to the intent of the said convention before the knowledge of this stipulation shall be obtained, the property so considered shall without delay be restored, or paid.
The treaty was thus retroactive to all vessels that had been captured but for which their seizure was not yet final.
David Jewett was authorized as commander of the Trumbull to capture any vessel sailing under the flag of France. On April 24, 1800, it came upon the French schooner Peggy and captured it. The Peggy was returned to Connecticut where the local courts ruled her a prize of war in September 1800. The owners of the Peggy appealed to the Supreme Court for her return.

## The decision

The court ruled that the treaty was applicable as law and should apply retroactively to all seized vessels whose sentence was not yet final. Since the seizure of the vessel was on appeal to the Supreme Court at the time the treaty was ratified, the seizure was not final. The vessel was ordered to be returned to France.
The case continues to be one in a long line of sometimes inconsistent precedents in civil retroactivity analysis.
# Nepeta italica subsp. troodi

Nepeta italica subsp. troodi, synonym Nepeta troodi, commonly known as Troodos cat-mint is a suberect, aromatic, perennial herb, 20–50 cm high, with a woody base and hairy tetragonal shoots. The leaves are opposite, simple, serrate, cordate at the base, deltoid, with an obtuse apex, 1-4 x 0.6–2 cm, petiolate, densely hairy. The flowers are arranged in many flowered verticillasters, and are zygomorphic, with a white corolla white and a dotted purple lower lip. It flowers June to October. The fruit is composed of 4 nutlets.

## Distribution and habitat

The subspecies is endemic to Cyprus where it is confined to the higher peaks of Troödos where it is not uncommon: Khnionistra, Prodromos, Troodos Square, Loumata Aeton, Xerocolymbos, and Papoutsa. It is found on rocky slopes, in forest clearings or under pines on igneous rocks, at altitudes of 1100–1950 m.
# Tulje

Tulje (Serbian Cyrillic: Туље) is a village in the municipality of Trebinje, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
# Emblem of Yerevan

The Emblem of Yerevan, the capital and largest city of Armenia, shows a winged Erebuni lion with a bronze shield having a blue circumference. The lion has the tree of life as a crown, holds a power staff, and has a shield encompassing the symbol of eternity and the Ararat mountains on its chest. The text with the blue background below it spells Yerevan in Armenian letters.
The emblem's final design was approved on 27 September 2004 and is still used today by the Yerevan City Council.
# Melanophryniscus pachyrhynus

Melanophryniscus pachyrhynus is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae. It is known from São Lourenço do Sul in southern Brazil and from Uruguay. Populations in Uruguay were until recently considered a different species (Melanophryniscus orejasmirandai) and assessed as being vulnerable.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, intermittent freshwater lakes, and intermittent freshwater marshes. It is threatened by habitat loss.