OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lake Dunn

Lake Dunn is a freshwater lake in the locality of Upland in Barcaldine Region, Queensland, Australia. Also known as Pajingo Bola, meaning "Big Fella Waterhole," the lake is the only wetland area in Central West Queensland and is consequently home to a large waterfowl population. Lake Dunn is located south of the larger Lake Galilee.
The current shoreline of Lake Dunn represents only a small area of the original lakebed.
The local council have tried to improve the area by rendering the shores attractive and provide picnic facilities. The foreshores have good stands of River Red Gum and Coolibah trees and, in recent years, it has become a popular destination for locals. However, in spite of the council's best efforts, the lake is muddy in appearance and therefore of greatest appeal to birdwatchers and nature lovers.
# Elysius intensa

Elysius intensa is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Walter Rothschild in 1935. It is found in São Paulo, Brazil.
# List of wars involving Guyana

This is a list of wars and conflicts involving Guyana from the Colonial era to the Modern era.
* Cassard expedition (1712)
* Berbice slave uprising (1763–1764)
* Fourth Anglo-Dutch War (1780)
* Demerara rebellion of 1823
* World War II (1939–1945)
* Rupununi Uprising (1969)
# Patrick Crawford (soldier)

Patrick Crawford (died 1614) was a Scottish soldier who settled, and became a landowner, in Ireland.
In 1608 Crawford commanded a force of Scottish troops at Strabane and Lifford who following Sir Cahir O'Doherty's Burning of Derry, helped defeat what became known as O'Doherty's Rebellion. For his service, he was awarded 1,000 acres of land near Kilmacrennan in County Donegal, qualifying as a servitor. There was some resentment of land been given to Crawford and another Scot William Stewart ahead of English and Irish veterans of the Nine Years' War, but they received the backing of James I.
In 1614 Crawford led a force to suppress a rebellion on the isle of Isla off the Scottish Coast, and was killed during fighting there.
# Keep Fit

Keep Fit is a 1937 British comedy film directed by Anthony Kimmins and starring George Formby, Kay Walsh and Guy Middleton. Formby was at his British top box-office peak when this comedy was made.

## Synopsis

George Formby again plays his working class underdog, gormless, gullible, indefatigable and triumphant hero. A weakling, Formby's character overcomes obstacles to beat a corrupt rival in the boxing ring. He plays a scrawny barber's assistant who, in response to the keep fit fad sweeping through Britain at the time, dreams of a better physique, and sings of it in the catchy "Biceps, Muscle and Brawn". He falls in love with a beautiful manicurist, and competes for her affections with a muscle bound thug. The manicurist is more attracted to the brute until the barber can prove that he is a crook, and defeat him in the boxing ring.

## Cast

* George Formby as George Green
* Kay Walsh as Joan Allen
* Guy Middleton as Hector Kent
* George Benson as Ernie Gill
* Gus McNaughton as "Echo" Publicity Manager
* Evelyn Roberts as Mr Barker
* Aubrey Mallalieu as Magistrate
* Edmund Breon as Sir Augustus Marks
* Hal Gordon as Reporter
* Hal Walters as Racing Tough
* C. Denier Warren as Editor
* Edgar Driver as Boat Hire Owner
* Leo Franklyn as Racing Tough
* Robert Nainby as Judge At The Gym
* Julian Vedey as Hairdressing Dept Head
* Jack Vyvian as Boat Hire Man
* D.J. Williams as Editor of The Gazette

## Critical reception

According to Sky Movies "it's a bouncy, confidently made comedy that's fun throughout and pretty hilarious in its boxing-ring conclusion".
# Stain repellent

A stain repellent is a product added to fabric in order to prevent stains.

## Stains

Stains on fabrics are classified into three types: water-based stains and oil-based stains or a mix of both.

## Stain repellant fabrics

Fabrics are finished with certain finishes that do not allow unwanted stains or that will wash out in simple laundry.

## Chemicals

Mostly larger PFCAs such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are used in stain repellancy. It is also known colloquially as C8. PFOA is a product of health concern and subject to regulatory action and voluntary industrial phase-outs.

### Alternative chemistry

There are chemicals which are based on C8 free chemistry that may be used as an alternative to PFOA, but those are less durable.
# Philip Foster (British politician)

Philip Staveley Foster (11 July 1865 – 5 March 1933) was a Conservative Party politician in the United Kingdom.

## Early life

Foster was the only son of Abraham Briggs Foster, chairman of the alpaca and mohair spinning firm of John Foster and Son of Black Dyke Mills, Queensbury, near Bradford. The firm had been founded by Philip's great-grandfather. He went to Eton College in 1879 and Magdalen College, Oxford in 1884, leaving with a degree three years later.
In the late 1880s he held a commission in the 6th West Yorkshire Militia, and from 1890 in the Staffordshire Yeomanry, where he was promoted to major in 1900.

## Parliamentary career

After running unsuccessfully for Parliament in 1899 in a by-election to the Elland seat in West Yorkshire, he was elected for the constituency of Stratford-on-Avon in a by-election in June 1901, a seat he held until the election of 1906. Re-elected in 1909, he held the seat until its abolition in 1918.

## Public life

He became a director and later, a firm chairman of the family firm John Foster and Sons. He was also chairman of the Air League, and chairman of the Midland Automobile Club. A keen angler and farmer, he became High Sheriff of Sussex for 1931.

## Family

Foster married, in 1890, Louisa Frances Wemyss, daughter of Colonel Wemyss. They had three children. He bought a house in Old Buckhurst, Withyham, where he died in 1933 aged 67.
# Linosta annulifera

Linosta annulifera is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Eugene G. Munroe in 1959. It is found in Peru and Bolivia.
# Siege of Aden

The siege of Aden occurred when the Portuguese Governor of India, Afonso de Albuquerque, launched an unsuccessful expedition to capture Aden on 26 March 1513.

## Background

Aden was an independent city-state whose strategic location allowed it to control the entrance of the Red Sea. It became a wealthy trading area due to its location at the crossroads of busy trade routes into the Red Sea. Albuquerque's plan to capture Aden would allow him to dominate the Red Sea and strike a military blow at Mamluk Egypt. Aden was one of four strategic places that Albuquerque wanted to capture: Aden – to control the straits of Mecca (Red Sea); Hormuz – to control the straits of Basra (the Persian Gulf); and Diu and Goa – to ensure sovereignty of all the other districts of India.

## Siege

Albuquerque's fleet sailed from Goa, India, on 18 February 1513, and consisted of 20 ships manned by 1,700 Portuguese and 800 allied natives of Malabar. The fleet arrived at Socotra Island. The captains deliberated on how to approach Aden. Some of Albuquerque's chiefs suggested an attempt at negotiated surrender while others pressed for an immediate attack. Albuquerque chose the latter option, believing that negotiations would give the inhabitants time to strengthen their defences or obtain reinforcements from elsewhere. Before dawn on Easter Sunday (26 March), the Portuguese commandeered some landing barges in the harbour, ferried their men ashore, and began their siege on Aden. They captured an outwork, where many defenders were slain and 39 pieces of ordnance were captured. However, they were later repulsed and suffered high casualties. The overall attack failed, with the scaling ladders collapsing under the weight of the men trying to mount them. This left some of the Portuguese trapped in isolation atop the wall. According to Albuquerque's biographer son, the attack was abandoned after all their scaling ladders broke. By midday, Albuquerque and his men withdrew to their ships. After plundering and burning the vessels in the harbour, and cannonading the town, the fleet sailed towards the Red Sea.

## Aftermath

Albuquerque stated: "I think that if I had reconnoitred Aden first, I would not have launched our attack where I did." The failure to capture Aden significantly undermined his strategy. Without a base of operations at the mouth of the Red Sea, it was impossible for the Portuguese to prevent spices being shipped to Egypt and the Mediterranean by the traditional route. The Crown's ability to enforce a trade monopoly in the Indian Ocean had been fatally damaged. Alarmed by the Portuguese threat, the Egyptian Mamluks occupied the Yemeni Tihamah and attempted to capture Aden but failed. The Portuguese launched a second attack but also failed. Aden finally fell in 1538 to Suleiman Pasha, the commander of a large Ottoman fleet. Under Ottoman control, Aden was valued primarily as a barrier to European penetration of the holy cities rather than as an entrepôt for trade.
# Khvajeh Jeyran

Khvajeh Jeyran is a village in Baghlan Province in north eastern Afghanistan.
# TRW

TRW may refer to:

## Businesses

* TRW Inc., an aerospace and automotive company
** TRW Automotive, vehicle maker
* Experian, a credit agency (formerly TRW Information Systems)

## Other uses

* The Real World (TV series), an American reality show
* Bonriki International Airport, Kiribati (IATA code: TRW)
# Elysius itaunensis

Elysius itaunensis is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Alfredo Rei do Régo Barros in 1971. It is found in Brazil.
# List of the largest trading partners of Italy

This is a list of the largest trading partners of Italy based on data from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Italy.
2023 Imports and Exports of goods by top 10 trading partners (billions of EUR) :
| Rank | Country / Territory | Total trade | Italy exports | Italy imports | Trade balance |
| - | European Union | 660.3 | 323.0 | 337.3 | -14.3 |
| 1 | Germany | 164.4 | 74.7 | 89.7 | -15.0 |
| 2 | France | 110.0 | 63.4 | 46.6 | 16.8 |
| 3 | United States | 92.5 | 67.3 | 25.2 | 42.1 |
| 4 | China | 66.8 | 19.2 | 47.6 | -28.4 |
| 5 | Spain | 65.8 | 33.0 | 32.8 | 0.2 |
| 6 | Netherlands | 54.9 | 18.5 | 36.4 | -17.9 |
| 7 | Switzerland | 48.4 | 30.5 | 17.9 | 12.6 |
| 8 | Belgium | 46.0 | 19.3 | 26.7 | -7.4 |
| 9 | Poland | 35.9 | 19.8 | 16.1 | 3.7 |
| 10 | United Kingdom | 34.8 | 26.1 | 8.7 | 17.4 |
| — | Total | 1,218.0 | 626.2 | 591.8 | 34.4 |
# Partula clara

Partula clara is a species of air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Partulidae. This species is endemic to Tahiti, French Polynesia.
# Swiss Cottage, Rockfield

The Swiss Cottage, Rockfield, Monmouthshire is a gatehouse to The Hendre estate and was designed by Sir Aston Webb in 1905. It is a Grade II* listed building.

## History and description

The Hendre was the country home of the Rolls family since the 18th century and, as the fortunes of the family rose, was subject to three major expansions in the 19th and 20th centuries, to the designs of George Vaughan Maddox, then Thomas Henry Wyatt, and finally Aston Webb. Webb constructed the Cedar Library at the main mansion in the very late 19th century and in 1905 designed the Swiss Cottage. It formed a terminal point on the “3-mile Drive” constructed by Lord Llangattock, and designed by Henry Ernest Milner.
The cottage is single-storeyed, with a dormer above, and is constructed of old red sandstone. The roof is hipped and pierced at either end with large chimneystacks. The interior contains an inglenook fireplace. Cadw notes influences from Lutyens and Voysey, while the Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Wales considers it "an inspired and unusually distinctive symmetrical Arts-and-Crafts design". The architectural historian John Newman described Swiss Cottage as "a sweet little thing but not particularly Swiss".
# MacKubin

MacKubin or Mackubin may refer to:
* Florence MacKubin (c. 1857–1918), American portrait painter
* Mackubin Thomas Owens
# Philip Foster

Philip Foster (January 29, 1805 – March 17, 1884) was one of the first settlers in Oregon, United States. The farmstead he established in Eagle Creek in 1847 became a stopping post for pioneers heading west along the Oregon Trail. Approximately 10,000 emigrants are believed to have passed through. The farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

## Early life

Foster was a successful businessman from Argyle, Maine. In the early 19th century he, like many others, headed west, recognizing the prospects of business in the Oregon Country. In 1842, the Fosters and Francis William Pettygrove's family (Foster's wife, Mary Charlotte, was Pettygrove's sister) sailed from New York for Oregon on the ship Victoria, an A.G. & A.W. Benson vessel via the Sandwich Islands (Hawaii). They were delayed on the Sandwich Islands for six months before heading on to the Willamette Valley, arriving in Oregon City in 1843.

## Oregon

In Oregon City on the Willamette River Foster and Pettygrove established a general store. The two-story building served both as a store and a home for the Foster family. Foster subsequently formed many partnerships, including establishing a flour mill with Dr. John McLoughlin. In 1844, Foster became the second treasurer of the provisional government in the Oregon Country.
In 1845, Sam Barlow was unwilling to pay the Hudson's Bay Company bateaux to float down the dangerous Columbia River, so he, his family, and the rest of their wagon train searched for another route around Mount Hood. Joined by subsequent wagon trains, Barlow, Joel Palmer and emigrant Lock scouted for routes around the mountain. Palmer spotted possible passage from the heights of Mount Hood. Barlow with fellow traveler William H. Rector set out to blaze a trail, but they became lost on the mountain. After being rescued by local Indians and cattle drovers, Barlow met Foster at his Oregon City store where Barlow bought provisions and hired oxen to rescue his snowbound party.
Foster became Barlow's business partner in building the Mount Hood Toll Road (now known as the Barlow Road) in 1846, which became the last leg of the overland Oregon Trail to Oregon City. Philip Foster moved his family from Oregon City and settled along the toll road, where he had a store, cabins for rent, orchards, gardens, and pastures for grazing stock. The Fosters received thousands of wagons and guests. At the sometimes overcrowded rest stop known as "Foster's Place" or "Foster's Ranch," some travelers paid to sleep on the family's parlor floor. The family also provided home-cooked meals for the emigrants. Charging whatever they could, the Fosters thrived. Foster also established various facilities at his residence including blacksmith services, a designated cabin for housing overnight customers, as well as a thriving general store. Philip Foster Farm has been preserved and is now open to visitors. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Philip Foster died Monday, March 17, 1884, of a heart attack at his home in Eagle Creek in the doorway of the kitchen, the Philip Foster Farm. Mary-Charlotte died in 1880 of typhoid fever.
# 1964–65 Primeira Divisão

The 1964–65 Primeira Divisão was the 31st season of top-tier football in Portugal.

## Overview

It was contested by 14 teams, and S.L. Benfica won the championship.

## League standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 1 | Benfica (C) | 26 | 19 | 5 | 2 | 88 | 21 | +67 | 43 | Qualification to European Cup preliminary round |
| 2 | Porto | 26 | 17 | 3 | 6 | 47 | 27 | +20 | 37 | Qualification to Inter-Cities Fairs Cup first round |
| 3 | CUF Barreiro | 26 | 15 | 5 | 6 | 49 | 29 | +20 | 35 | Qualification to Inter-Cities Fairs Cup first round |
| 4 | Académica | 26 | 16 | 2 | 8 | 58 | 40 | +18 | 34 | |
| 5 | Sporting CP | 26 | 12 | 8 | 6 | 39 | 35 | +4 | 32 | Qualification to Inter-Cities Fairs Cup first round |
| 6 | Vitória de Setúbal | 26 | 15 | 2 | 9 | 61 | 30 | +31 | 32 | Qualification to Cup Winners' Cup first round |
| 7 | Vitória de Guimarães | 26 | 12 | 5 | 9 | 44 | 36 | +8 | 29 | |
| 8 | Belenenses | 26 | 12 | 2 | 12 | 39 | 40 | −1 | 26 | |
| 9 | Leixões | 26 | 8 | 5 | 13 | 50 | 51 | −1 | 21 | |
| 10 | Braga | 26 | 8 | 4 | 14 | 36 | 51 | −15 | 20 | |
| 11 | Varzim | 26 | 8 | 4 | 14 | 39 | 55 | −16 | 20 | |
| 12 | Lusitano de Évora | 26 | 9 | 2 | 15 | 30 | 51 | −21 | 20 | |
| 13 | Seixal (R) | 26 | 3 | 2 | 21 | 16 | 84 | −68 | 8 | Relegation to Segunda Divisão |
| 14 | Torreense (R) | 26 | 3 | 1 | 22 | 18 | 64 | −46 | 7 | Relegation to Segunda Divisão |

## Results

| Home \ Away | ACA | BEL | BEN | BRA | CUF | LEI | LUS | POR | SEI | SCP | SCT | VAR | VGU | VSE |
| Académica | | 4–1 | 2–2 | 2–1 | 1–2 | 5–3 | 3–0 | 1–4 | 5–0 | 3–0 | 2–0 | 5–1 | 1–2 | 1–1 |
| Belenenses | 3–0 | | 0–6 | 2–1 | 1–2 | 3–2 | 2–1 | 0–1 | 5–1 | 1–2 | 1–0 | 2–1 | 2–2 | 1–2 |
| Benfica | 3–0 | 3–2 | | 7–0 | 1–1 | 5–0 | 5–0 | 4–0 | 11–3 | 3–0 | 6–0 | 5–0 | 4–0 | 3–2 |
| Braga | 2–3 | 1–2 | 1–2 | | 2–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 6–0 | 1–2 | 4–0 | 1–1 | 1–0 | 2–1 |
| CUF Barreiro | 3–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 4–1 | | 2–1 | 0–1 | 2–0 | 3–0 | 0–1 | 4–1 | 2–1 | 3–1 | 3–0 |
| Leixões | 5–1 | 3–0 | 1–1 | 2–1 | 3–3 | | 4–0 | 1–3 | 6–0 | 3–3 | 3–0 | 3–0 | 1–1 | 2–3 |
| Lusitano Évora | 1–2 | 1–5 | 0–0 | 2–0 | 3–1 | 2–1 | | 2–5 | 4–1 | 1–1 | 6–0 | 0–1 | 1–2 | 0–2 |
| Porto | 1–2 | 2–0 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 3–1 | 1–0 | | 6–0 | 1–3 | 2–0 | 3–1 | 4–2 | 1–0 |
| Seixal | 1–3 | 0–1 | 0–4 | 3–0 | 2–2 | 0–3 | 0–2 | 1–2 | | 0–0 | 2–1 | 1–2 | 0–1 | 0–1 |
| Sporting CP | 2–4 | 1–0 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–0 | | 4–0 | 3–2 | 1–2 | 3–2 |
| Torreense | 0–3 | 0–2 | 1–3 | 5–0 | 0–1 | 3–0 | 1–2 | 1–2 | 0–1 | 3–0 | | 0–0 | 1–3 | 0–4 |
| Varzim | 0–2 | 0–1 | 1–4 | 0–0 | 2–3 | 5–1 | 0–1 | 2–0 | 6–0 | 3–1 | 3–1 | | 1–1 | 4–1 |
| Vitória de Guimarães | 1–0 | 2–1 | 1–2 | 2–3 | 1–2 | 4–0 | 2–0 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 2–2 | 2–0 | 7–1 | | 1–2 |
| Vitória de Setúbal | 1–2 | 1–0 | 1–2 | 5–1 | 2–1 | 1–0 | 8–0 | 0–1 | 8–0 | 0–0 | 4–0 | 7–1 | 2–1 | |
# Kent C. Berridge

Kent C. Berridge (born 1957) is an American academic, currently working as a professor of psychology (biopsychology) and neuroscience at the University of Michigan. Berridge was a joint winner of the 2018 Grawemeyer Award for Psychology.

## Early life and education

Berridge was born in 1957. Berridge earned a Bachelor of Science from the University of California, Davis in 1979, followed by a PhD from the University of Pennsylvania in 1983.

## Research

Berridge conducts research relating to brain systems of motivation, affect, reward “liking”, reward “wanting”, emotion, fear, pleasure, drug addiction, eating disorders, and decision utility. He also studies natural syntactical chains of behavior (e.g. grooming; taste response patterns) in animals with colleague Dr. J. Wayne Aldridge. With Dr. Piotr Winkielman, he has investigated the issue of unconscious emotion in humans.

### Liking

Berridge is known for his work on the brain systems for pleasure (“liking”). Using an assay for “liking” called Taste Reactivity Analysis developed by taste researchers, Berridge measures facial palatability responses to tastes, which are similar between rodents, primates and humans. When something enjoyably sweet is tasted, characteristic licking responses occur. When something aversively bitter is tasted, gaping and head shaking occur. Berridge has helped identify "hedonic hotspots" in the brain, such as the nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum, where opioid, endocannabinoid, and GABA neurotransmission coordinate the “liking” of tastes. Berridge postulates that these hedonic hotspots may be crucial for how the brain produces the hedonic pleasurable feelings common to delicious food, sex, drugs, and other rewards (a role previously thought to be played mostly by brain dopamine systems).

### Addiction

Berridge and colleague Dr. Terry Robinson have formulated a contemporary theory of addiction called the Incentive Sensitization Theory of Addiction. According to this theory, drug addiction develops from a sensitization of the mesolimbic dopamine system. Dopamine normally functions to attribute incentive salience to stimuli associated with rewards like food and sex, and triggers reward “wanting”. Drugs hijack this “wanting” system. Following repeated use of drugs, the dopamine system becomes hyper-responsive and drug cues become hyper-salient. This means drug cues are nearly impossible for addicts to ignore, and when they are encountered they can lead to intense cravings and/or relapse. This sensitized cue-triggered drug 'wanting' can persist for years after an addict quits drugs, and long after drug withdrawal has ceased. This fact may account for the tendency of former addicts to relapse to drug use after quitting, sometimes even after many years of abstinence.

### Dopamine

Berridge and Robinson helped redefine the role of mesolimbic dopamine in the brain, which had previously been viewed as a pleasure neurotransmitter. Dopamine is no longer widely regarded as a pleasure transmitter. Instead, dopamine is thought to mediate reward, that is, to attribute incentive salience to reward-associated stimuli.
# Telgha

Telgha is a village development committee in Palpa District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3051 people living in 577 individual households.
# Toshikazu Ichimura

Toshikazu Ichimura (born December 12, 1941) is a Japanese aikido teacher who lived in Sweden from 1966 to 1986, and was the teacher responsible for aikido in Sweden during this time. He also was the responsible teacher in Denmark and in Finland, had importance for the development of iaido in these three countries, and was the first to give aikido demonstrations in Finland. Ichimura holds 6th dan in the aikido organisation Aikikai, a rank he received in 1977, and 6th dan renshi in iaido since 1969. Besides, and in connection to, his teaching in Japanese martial arts he also taught macrobiotics and the Japanese system of sound mysticism, kototama.

## Personal history

Ichimura started in aikido in 1957, at Aikikai Hombu dojo in Tokyo with Shoji Nishio as his main teacher. In 1961 he went to the Toyo University, where he started a university dojo. In 1966 he moved to Stockholm, since Jan Beime and a few other people had asked Hombu to send an aikido teacher there. To start with Ichimura was based in Beime's dojo, Stockholm Aikikai, and later at Minnano. He also travelled, teaching in many different dojos in the Stockholm area. In 1968 he moved to Uppsala, roughly 70 kilometres north of Stockholm, where he started a new dojo in cooperation with the local YMCA. The dojo has since changed name, and is nowadays often referred to as Uppsala Aikikai. In the years to come Ichimura taught in Uppsala as well as in Stockholm and other places in Sweden, and also taught seminars in Finland, Denmark and Poland.

## Legacy

Among the traces he left in Swedish aikido are a connection between aikido and iaido; most of the older aikido practitioners in the country have done also iaido. The part of Scandinavian aikido who do Nishio's type of aikido originally had this connection from Ichimura. Ichimura also wrote two of the first aikido books in Swedish, Aikido and Aikido och fred (literally "Aikido and peace").
In 1986, Ichimura returned to Japan, leaving Sweden without a Japanese teacher in charge while Yasuo Kobayashi took responsibility for Finland, and Nishio for Denmark. Ichimura no longer does aikido, but has a shiatsu clinic in Kobe. However, in connection with the 50 years jubilee in 2011 for aikido in Sweden, Ichimura made a temporary comeback. At the jubilee training camp in Stockholm in September he instructed on a training session and terminated the performance session during the camp.
# Pat Lee (politician)

Patrick Lee (26 September 1944 – 30 October 2023) was an Irish Fine Gael politician and medical doctor.
He first stood for election as a Fine Gael candidate at the 1987 general election for the Dublin Central constituency but was not successful. He stood again at the 1989 general election and was elected as a Fine Gael Teachta Dála (TD). He lost his seat at the 1992 general election.
Patrick Lee died on 30 October 2023, aged 79.