OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lowrider Club

A Lowrider Club (C.C.) is an organized car club of lowriders who follow a series of traditional rules for participation, including a group of elected officers; a probationary period for new members and the wearing of a specific club patch or shirt. Also, there is a measure of privacy about their internal structure, bylaws, and membership; and some level of sworn allegiance to other members of the club.

## History

The earliest car clubs were formed in the 1930s, though the reputedly oldest lowrider club is the Dukes. The Dukes first got together in 1962. The club went on for some four years, breaking up in 1969. The club started up again but between 1970 and 1977, the ghost of the club carried on. Socially the Dukes hire out to weddings and quinceaneras as chauffeurs. They also have club picnics and enter the better car shows.

## Gangs, outlaws and outside of stereotyping

Lowrider clubs are often perceived as criminal organizations or, at best, gangs of hoodlums or thugs. This perception has been fueled by movies, popular culture, and highly publicized isolated incidents. The organization of lowriders into clubs was done in part to eliminate the belief that they were criminal gangs.
# Toeplitz Hash Algorithm

The Toeplitz Hash Algorithm describes hash functions that compute hash values through matrix multiplication of the key with a suitable Toeplitz matrix. The Toeplitz Hash Algorithm is used in many network interface controllers for receive side scaling.
As an example, with the Toeplitz matrix $T$ the key $k$ results in a hash $h$ as follows:
    $h=T\cdot k={\begin{pmatrix}1&1&0&1\\0&1&1&0\\1&0&1&1\\\end{pmatrix}}\cdot {\begin{pmatrix}1\\1\\0\\0\\\end{pmatrix}}={\begin{pmatrix}0\\1\\1\\\end{pmatrix}}$
where the entries are bits and all operations are modulo 2. In implementations the highly redundant matrix is not necessarily explicitly stored.
# Toepler pump

A Toepler pump is a form of mercury piston pump, invented by August Toepler in 1850.

## Operation

The principle is illustrated in the diagram. When reservoir G is lowered, bulb B and tube T are filled with gas from the enclosure being evacuated (through tube A). When G is raised, mercury rises in tube F and cuts off the gas in B and T at C. This gas is then forced through the mercury in tube D into the atmosphere. The end of tube D is bent upward at E to facilitate collection of gas (or vapor). By alternately raising G, a pumping action results. Clearly tubes F and D must be long enough to support mercury columns corresponding to atmospheric pressure (76 cm at sea level). Instead of using mercury to provide a valving action at C, it is possible to use a glass float valve.
# List of mountains in Portugal

This is a list of the mountains in Portugal, including the mountains with more than 1,400 metres (4,600ft) of elevation and with, at least, 100 metres (330ft) of topographic prominence.
Mountains and hills occupy most of the territory of Portugal. The highest Portuguese mountain is Mount Pico in the Azores islands, with 2,351 metres (7,713 ft). The highest peak in Mainland Portugal is Torre in the Serra da Estrela range, with 1,993 metres (6,539 ft).
Historically, during most of the 20th century, the Mount Tatamailau, in the former Portuguese Timor, with 2,986 metres (9,797 ft), was the highest Portuguese mountain.
List of mountains in Portugal :
| Name | Mountain range | Elevation (m) |
| Pico | Pico Island, Azores | 2,351 metres (7,713 ft) |
| Torre | Serra da Estrela | 1,993 metres (6,539 ft) |
| Pico Ruivo | Madeira Island | 1,861 metres (6,106 ft) |
| Pico das Torres | Madeira Island | 1,851 metres (6,073 ft) |
| Pico do Arieiro | Madeira Island | 1,818 metres (5,965 ft) |
| Cidrão | Madeira Island | 1,802 metres (5,912 ft) |
| Cedro | Madeira Island | 1,759 metres (5,771 ft) |
| Alto da Pedrice / Poio da Cabeça | Serra da Estrela | 1,758 metres (5,768 ft) |
| Casado | Madeira Island | 1,725 metres (5,659 ft) |
| Poios Brancos | Serra da Estrela | 1,704 metres (5,591 ft) |
| Santinha | Serra da Estrela | 1,595 metres (5,233 ft) |
| Nevosa | Serra do Gerês | 1,548 metres (5,079 ft) |
| Larouco | Serra do Larouco | 1,536 metres (5,039 ft) |
| São Bento | Serra da Estrela | 1,530 metres (5,020 ft) |
| Taloeiros / Cabeço dos Pinheiros | Serra da Estrela | 1,517 metres (4,977 ft) |
| Lombada Grande | Serra de Montesinho | 1,486 metres (4,875 ft) |
| Outeiro do Pássaro / Coções do Concelinho | Serra do Gerês | 1,482 metres (4,862 ft) |
| Alto da Amoreira / Laje do Sino | Serra do Gerês | 1,463 metres (4,800 ft) |
| Fonte Fria | Serra do Gerês | 1,458 metres (4,783 ft) |
| Borrageiro | Serra do Gerês | 1,430 metres (4,690 ft) |
| Alto de Candal | Serra do Gerês | 1,423 metres (4,669 ft) |
| Cebola | Serra do Açor | 1,418 metres (4,652 ft) |
| Pedrada | Serra do Soajo | 1,416 metres (4,646 ft) |
| Marão | Serra do Marão | 1,416 metres (4,646 ft) |
| Rochão | Serra do Gerês | 1,401 metres (4,596 ft) |
# List of leader writers

A leader writer is a senior journalist in a British newspaper who is charged with writing the paper's editorial either in the absence of the editor or in cases where the editor chooses not to write editorials because their editorial skills may rest more in management of the company than in writing daily editorials. Some major newspapers have a number of leader writers. Often different individuals may write editorials in their own specialist areas, for example, the political editor would write some or all editorials on political matters, and so on. Leader writers are often also columnists in their newspapers. Outside the UK, leader writers are known as editorial writers.
Some leader writers include:
* Daniel Finkelstein
* Amanda Platell
* Jonathan Freedland
* David Aaronovitch
* Libby Purves
* Matthew Parris
* Simon Hoggart
* Julia Hartley-Brewer
* Patrick Hennessy
* Quentin Letts
* Simon Heffer
* Peter Hitchens
* Melanie Phillips
* Oliver Kamm
* Trevor Kavanagh
* Michael White
* Peter Oborne
* Andrew Rawnsley
* Annunziata Rees-Mogg
* Peter Riddell
* Michael Portillo
* Kevin Maguire
* Jackie Ashley
* Giles Whittell
* Simon Jenkins
* Polly Toynbee
* Tim Stanley
* Michael Toner
* Liz Forgan
# Lucien Gourong

Lucien Gourong (11 October 1943 – 15 February 2021) was a French writer, singer, and storyteller.

## Biography

After he earned a degree in history from the University of Nantes, Gourong owned a cabaret in Lorient for ten years, where he programmed over 500 shows. He spent more than 40 years as a storyteller, travelling across France and the Francophone world. His stories included Écoute voir comme ça sent bon, La Mer à boire, Les aventures du Capitaine Morvan, and L'aïeule ! Oh que la guerre est moche. He founded a storytelling festival, which took place in Chevilly-Larue. He participated in the Étonnants voyageurs festival in Saint-Malo. He also worked for Bretagne Magazine [fr], where he wrote about Breton cuisine.
Also a singer, Gourong knew of a vast repertoire of songs originating from the Pays de Lorient [fr]. His father gifted him dozens of notebooks written by a Breton sailor, which were translated into French by Gourong.
Lucien Gourong died from COVID-19, on 15 February 2021, during the COVID-19 pandemic in France. He was 77.
# Speaker Foley

Speaker Foley is the name of:
* Tom Foley (1929–2013), Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives 1989–1995
* Paul Foley (ironmaster) (1644/5–1699), Speaker of the British House of Commons 1695–1698
# Tominanga sanguicauda

Tominanga sanguicauda is a species of fish in the subfamily Telmatherininae part of the family Melanotaeniidae, the rainbowfishes. It is endemic to Lake Towuti in Sulawesi, Indonesia.

## Sources

* ↑ Lumbantobing, D. (2019). "Tominanga sanguicauda". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T21980A90980344. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T21980A90980344.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
* ↑ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Tomonanga sanguicauda". FishBase. February 2019 version.
# Spann–Fischer Codependency Scale

The Spann–Fischer Codependency Scale is a 16-item self-report instrument that has been proposed as a measure of co-dependency. The scale is based upon a definition of codependency as "a dysfunctional pattern of relating to others with an extreme focus outside of oneself, lack of expression of feelings, and personal meaning derived from relationships with others." Codependency has no established definition within the mental health community, and is not a recognized diagnosis as a mental health disorder.
Its creators are Judith L. Fischer and Lynda Spann, both from the Department of Human Development and Family Studies at Texas Tech University.

## Scoring

Individual items are rated on a 6-point Likert scale, and then summed with two reversed items to describe co-dependency on a scale from a high of 96 to a low of 16. Scores on the codependency scale distinguished known groups; furthermore, scores correlated as expected with intrapersonal measures as well as interpersonal perceptions of parenting in the family of origin.
The mean Spann–Fischer co-dependency score is approximated with a midpoint of 52.6, a "high" score of 67.2 and a "low" score of 37.3 suggested by Fischer, Spann, and Crawford (1991). No significant between-workshop differences were found for Spann–Fischer measures of co-dependency in the cases presented (F = .042, p = n.s.).

## Validation

The scale was evaluated through a series of studies, utilizing the definition of co-dependency as a dysfunctional pattern of relating to others with "an extreme focus outside oneself, lack of open expression of feelings, and attempts to derive a sense of purpose [exclusively] through relationships" with others. The Spann–Fischer Scale is reported to have good test-retest reliability ( > .80), and acceptable internal consistency (.62 < < .92), across studies.
Spann–Fischer scores have been associated with membership in Codependents Anonymous, gender, self-esteem, locus of control, depression, relationship with parents, and anxiety; narcissism, parental co-dependency, age, treatment outcomes and education, parenting style; powerlessness in relationships; and risk-taking - but not with parental chemical dependency; the number of family addictions, the severity of dysfunction in the family-of-origin, or alcoholism; childhood trauma; or family cohesion and adaptability.
# Lucile Saunders McDonald

Lucile Saunders McDonald (September 1, 1898 – June 23, 1992) was an American journalist, historian, and author of children's books from the Pacific Northwest. The Seattle Times described her as "... the first woman news reporter in all of South America; first woman copy editor in the Pacific Northwest; first woman telegraph editor, courthouse reporter and general news reporter in Oregon; first woman overseas correspondent for a U.S. trade newspaper; first woman on a New York City rewrite desk; second woman journalist in Alaska; and second woman to be a correspondent abroad for The Associated Press". With Zola Helen Ross, she co-founded the Pacific Northwest Writers Association.

## Biography

She was born in Portland, Oregon, in 1898, to baker Frank Saunders and schoolteacher Rose Saunders. She had one sibling, a sister, named Iris McRae. McDonald attended the University of Oregon while working for the Eugene Daily Guard. In her early years, she worked at The Bulletin in Bend, as a reporter and news editor for The Oregonian in Portland, and as wire editor for The Statesman-Journal in Salem. She went on to write for newspapers from Alaska to South America, including the Seattle Daily Times, The New York Times, the United Press International, the Bellevue Journal-American and the Cordova Daily Times. She wrote or co-authored 28 books. McDonald was a member of the Seattle Free Lances, the Authors League of America, Theta Sigma Phi's National Executive Board, and the New York Newspaperwoman's Club.
She married Harold D. McDonald in 1922; they had a son and daughter and moved to Seattle in 1940. They resided in Bellevue and Kirkland, Washington. McDonald was a feature history writer and book reviewer for The Seattle Times from 1940 to 1966 and later wrote 450 history columns for the Journal-American until her retirement in 1987. She was active in several local historical societies, including the Puget Sound Maritime Historical Society. She died on June 23, 1992, in Redmond, Washington. Her autobiography, A foot in the door: the reminiscences of Lucile McDonald, was posthumously published in 1995. McDonald was a 1959 Headliner Awards Recipient from the Association for Women in Communications.

## Partial works
### Children's books

* Dick and the Spice Cupboard
* Jewels and Gems
* The Giant with Four Arms

### Co-authored with Ross

* (1950) The mystery of Castesby Island
* (1952) Stormy year
* (1954) Fridays̓ child
* (1956) Mystery of the long house
* (1956) Pigtail pioneer
* (1957) Wing Harbor
* (1958) The courting of Ann Maria
* (1959) Assignment in Ankara
* (1961) Winter's answer
* (1959) The stolen letters
* (1968) The sunken forest

### Non-fiction

* (1953) Washington's Yesterdays
* (1958) Search for the Northwest Passage, Library of Congress CC# 58-11860, Ill.
Published by Binfords & Mort, Portland, OR.
* (1972) Swan Among the Indians, Life of James G. Swan, 1818-1900, Portland, Oregon, Binfords & Mort.
# Tomislav Kelava

Tomislav Kelava (born 10 August 1933) is a Serbian boxer. He competed in the men's welterweight event at the 1960 Summer Olympics.
# Spalbeek

Spalbeek (Dutch pronunciation:) is a sub-municipality of the city of Hasselt located in the province of Limburg, Flemish Region, Belgium. It was a separate municipality until 1971. In 1971, it was merged into Kermt. On 1 January 1977, Kermt was merged into Hasselt.
# Spectacle Island (Maine)

Spectacle Island is a privately owned island off Bar Harbor, Maine, United States. It is 4 acres (1.6ha), and it is owned by Ashley Longmaid. As of 2012, it is the world's ninth most expensive island and is part of the Town of Winter Harbor.
# Sources sought

A sources sought (often capitalized as Sources Sought) notice is used by agencies of the government of the United States to solicit interest in a project under consideration by that agency. They are not requests for proposals or invitations to bid; sources sought come earlier in the procurement process.
Such notices are useful to the agency as market research, by determining the availability of contractors to perform the project. They are useful to the contractors as their responses may influence the terms by which the agency defines the requirements of the project. The notices are published online by the General Services Administration of the federal government.
In the United Kingdom, the Department for International Trade relays some US Sources Sought notices to UK industry as part of its drive to promote UK exports ("Exporting is Great").
# Telephone Co. Building (Grand Forks, North Dakota)

The Telephone Co. Building in Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States, was built in 1904. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
It includes Early Commercial, "Vernacular-Classical Detail", and other architecture.
When listed the property included just the one contributing building on an area of less than 1 acre (0.40 ha).
The listing is described in its North Dakota Cultural Resources Survey document.
Along with Wright Block, the Clifford Annex, the Dinnie Block, and Golden Square, the Telephone Co. Building was one of many "commercial vernacular brick buildings with classical revival details" that were built during a major building boom, with high quality brickwork. It was built in 1904 by the Northwestern Telephone Exchange Company, which later became Northwestern Bell. This replaced a previous exchange that was located on the fourth floor of an office building, which had some accessibility problems. A 1901 author pointed out that the cable ran into the office from a nearby pole and was unsightly, and that the wiring inside the building was not very orderly either. The building was rather crowded. The company was in the process of buying a lot for the new exchange building.$^{:37}$
# Upparapalle

Upparpalle is a village in YSR district in Andhra Pradesh, India. It falls under Shamirpet mandal.
# The Glenn Miller Story (soundtrack)

The Glenn Miller Story is a 1954 soundtrack album released on Decca Records with songs from The Glenn Miller Story, the film biography of Glenn Miller, starring James Stewart and June Allyson. The collection had eight songs from the film recorded under the direction of Joseph Gershenson.
An album of Glenn Miller's own recordings of those heard in the film was issued by RCA Victor as LPT-3057.

## Reception

The 1954 10-inch album The Glenn Miller Story movie soundtrack LP, Decca Records DL 5519, spent 10 weeks at number one in the US on the Billboard albums chart in 1954. It was recorded by the Universal-International studio orchestra, conducted by Joseph Gershenson. A 1956 version of the collection was a 33 1/3 RPM vinyl LP album with James Stewart and June Allyson on the cover as Glenn and Helen Miller respectively. This collection consisted of new studio recordings of the songs by an orchestra under the direction of Joseph Gershenson.
The album was re-released by Decca in an expanded stereo version in 1956 as DL78226 with two additional songs by Louis Armstrong and the All Stars, "Basin Street Blues" and "Otchi-Tchor-Ni-Ya" or "Dark Eyes".

## Track listing
### Side 1

* "Moonlight Serenade" - (Glenn Miller)
* "Tuxedo Junction" - (Erskine Hawkins, Bill Johnson, Julian Dash)
* "Little Brown Jug" - (Joseph Winner. Arranged by Billy Finegan)
* "St. Louis Blues-March" - (W.C. Handy)

### Side 2

* "In The Mood" - (Joe Garland)
* "A String of Pearls" - (Eddie DeLange, Jerry Gray)
* "Pennsylvania 6-5000" - (Carl Sigman, Jerry Gray)
* "American Patrol" - (Frank White Meacham, Arranged by Jerry Gray)
The 1956 expanded stereo re-release had two additional songs by Louis Armstrong and the All Stars:
* "Basin Street Blues" - (Spencer Williams) - Louis Armstrong and the All Stars
* "Otchi-Tchor-Ni-Ya" - (Russian Folk Song, Yevhen Hrebinka, Florian Hermann) - Louis Armstrong and the All Stars

## Personnel

The Universal-International Orchestra consisted of:
* Double Bass – Rollie Bundock #
* Clarinet – Willie Schwartz #
* Drums – Ralph Collier
* Guitar – Dick Fisher
* Saxophone – Art Smith, Babe Russin #, Blake Reynolds, Karl Leaf, Lyman Gandee
* Trombone – Joe Yukl, John Stanley, Murray McEachern, Paul Tanner #
* Trumpet – Conrad Gozzo, Gene LaFreniere, Ray Linn, and Zeke Zarchy #
* Conductor was Joseph Gershenson.
"#" indicates a former member of the civilian and/or AAF Glenn Miller bands
The selections were recorded on December 1, 1953.
The All Star Band consisted of:
* Double Bass – Arvell Shaw
* Clarinet – Barney Bigard
* Drums – Kenny John
* Piano – Billy Kyle
* Tenor saxophone – Bud Freeman
* Trombone – Trummie Young
* Trumpet – Louis Armstrong
the former Glenn Miller Orchestra pianist Chummy MacGregor and Miller's manager Don Haynes were advisors on the production.
# List of Monuments of National Importance in Manipur

This is a list of Monuments of National Importance (ASI) as officially recognized by and available through the website of the Archaeological Survey of India in the Indian state Manipur. The monument identifier is a combination of the abbreviation of the subdivision of the list (state, ASI circle) and the numbering as published on the website of the ASI. 1 Monument of National Importance have been recognized by the ASI in Manipur.
| SL. No. | Description | Location | Address | District | Coordinates | Image |
| N-MN-1 | Temple of Vishnu | Bishenpur | | Bishnupur | | Temple of Vishnu More images |
# Tim Hames

Tim Hames was director general of the British Private Equity and Venture Capital Association (BVCA). Before joining the BVCA, Hames was a columnist and chief leader writer at The Times. He occasionally writes travel pieces. He also wrote for The Tablet and the Charleston Mercury. Before joining the Times in 1999, he was a lecturer in politics at Oxford University. He attended Oriel College, Oxford. He has a doctorate in philosophy (DPhil) from the University of Oxford.
Together with Andrew Adonis he wrote A Conservative Revolution?, a work looking at the rise of Thatcherism.
Hames edited the Times Guide to the House of Commons in 2001 and 2005. He was mocked by the magazine Private Eye for a 2007 column entitled "I’ve got the sauce to say it: Barack Obama is a loser" in which he made inaccurate predictions about the future of American politics including saying it was "absurd" to say Obama would become president, and that if he won he would eat his words with Tabasco sauce.
On 8 September 2009, it was announced that Hames would become special adviser to the Speaker of the House of Commons, John Bercow.
# Patrick Whearty

Patrick Whearty (born August 27, 1980) is an American former professional basketball player. He played college basketball at the College of the Holy Cross between 1998 and 2003, where he was the 2003 Patriot League Player of the Year. After graduating college, he had an international professional career from 2003 to 2008.

## College career

Born and raised in Poughkeepsie, New York, Patrick Whearty attended Our Lady of Lourdes High School but received no attention from college scouts due to injuries which prevented him from playing full seasons. He got the attention of Holy Cross because his mother called their assistant coach to tell him about an upcoming tournament that Whearty was playing in.
A 6'10" center, Whearty ultimately did play for the Holy Cross Crusaders. He played from 1998 to 2003, missing all but six games of his sophomore season in 1999–2000 due to biceps surgery, allowing him to redshirt. During his college tenure, Holy Cross won two regular season championships (2001, 2003), three conference tournament titles (2001–2003), and qualified for three consecutive NCAA Tournaments (2001–2003). He averaged 9.1 points, 5.8 rebounds, and 1.1 blocks per game for his career. Whearty finished with 1,068 points and 688 rebounds. During his senior season in 2002–03, the Crusaders went a conference-best 26–5 as Whearty averaged 12.4 points and 6.6 rebounds per game. He was also named the Most Valuable Player in the 2003 Patriot League tournament. Whearty was voted by the conference head coaches as the Patriot League Player of the Year and earned honorable mention All-American honors by the Associated Press.

## Professional career

After going undrafted in the 2003 NBA draft, Whearty embarked on a professional career that saw him land in France, Brazil, Argentina, Ukraine, and Japan. In 2007–08, while playing for the Sendai 89ers in the bj league (Japan), Whearty was named an All-Star. In an interview for the Holy Cross Alumni Magazine, Whearty recalled how the international leagues were a completely different vibe, including a rowdiness not seen in the United States: "I’m at home and then, 24 hours later, I'm wearing a Boca Juniors (Buenos Aires) uniform and being attacked by a bunch of crazies" and "The police barged onto the court with riot-control shields and escorted us to the team bus." Whearty also recalled how he was paid while playing in Ukraine, saying "The guy takes out a wad of bills, peels off [$35,000], puts the money in a plastic bag and hands it to me."
In 2008, Whearty retired from professional basketball.
# Keating ministry

Keating ministry may refer to:
* First Keating ministry
* Second Keating ministry
# Laakso (surname)

Laakso is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aleksi Laakso (born 1990), Finnish ice hockey defenceman
* Eric Laakso (1956–2010), American football player
* Jaakko Laakso (born 1948), Finnish politician
* Juhani Laakso (1942–2014), Finnish sports shooter
* Juho Laakso (1854–1915), Finnish tenant farmer and politician
* Leo Laakso (1918–2002), Finnish ski jumper
* Martti Laakso (born 1943), Finnish wrestler
* Matti Laakso (1939–2020), Finnish wrestler
* Rob Laakso, American musician, record producer and engineer
* Sheikki Laakso, Finnish politician
* Tapio Laakso (born 1985), Finnish ice hockey defenceman
* Teemu Laakso (born 1987), Finnish ice hockey defenceman