OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Luke and Alex Safety Act

The Luke and Alex School Safety Act of 2021 is a United States bill introduced in the 117th Congress on 28 January 2021 by Republican Senator Ron Johnson (R-WI) and co-sponsored by Senators Marco Rubio, Rick Scott, James Risch, and Chuck Grassley, as a measure to improve school safety and help prevent mass shootings. The corresponding House bill is H.R.750, introduced 3 February 2021 by representative Mario Díaz-Balart.

## Legislative history

The bill, named for two victims of the 2018 Parkland high school shooting—Alex Schachter and Luke Hoyer, would establish a database within the Department of Homeland Security, a "Federal Clearinghouse" for "School Safety Best Practices". The bill was described by Politico as "a modest school safety bill", and other sources noted that the clearinghouse already exists, and the bill would only codify it into law. The bill would reportedly require the Department of Homeland Security to collect feedback and other data on the best practices for improving the health, safety and welfare of those in school settings.
The bill was brought to a vote on the floor on 26 May 2022, in the wake of the Robb Elementary School shooting, but was blocked by Democratic senators who objected to it for not being "a sufficient solution", and one that would not have prevented the Robb school shooting.

## Reception

Senator Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY) claimed the bill would do nothing substantial and lacked the necessary teeth to prevent another shooting pointing to the fact that guards and police had already been stationed at Robb Elementary prior to the shooter arriving. Schumer also claimed that the American population were tired of moments of silence, kind words and thoughts and prayers, before choosing to use the Domestic Terrorism Prevention Act to begin considering gun safety amendments.
The father of Schacter expressed outrage at the lack of movement on the bill after the Robb Elementary School shooting, stating that it was heartbreaking that after four years from his son's death Congress has done nothing to save American lives. He later discussed the bill and the EAGLES Act, which reauthorizes the National Threat Assessment Center within the US Secret Service, while testifying before Congress on June 15.
# Margo Buchanan

Margo Buchanan is a Scottish singer-songwriter, composer, musician, and recording artist. In a career spanning more than 30 years, Buchanan is best known for her work as a session backing vocalist.

## Early years

Margo Buchanan was born in Lanark, Lanarkshire, Scotland. She moved to England when she was 12 years old and left school early. She worked at a number of odd jobs and started work as a musician at age 16. She lived for a while in Coventry and then moved to London. During these years, she was offered to work with the 2 Tone band The Specials on the condition that she bleached her hair blond, but she declined.

## Music career

In London, Buchanan found work as a backing vocalist, working with artists including Deep Purple, Tina Turner, Bonnie Tyler, Shirley Bassey, Van Morrison, David Knopfler, Jools Holland, Sam Brown, David Gilmour, The Pet Shop Boys and Tracey Ullman.
Buchanan performed at the Concert for Diana held at the newly built Wembley Stadium in 2007, in honour of Diana, Princess of Wales, and at Queen Elizabeth II's Party at the Palace in 2002. She developed a teaching model called Learn to Sing in 2002. She has also worked with BBC Television on the national singing competition series Just the Two of Us.

## Personal life

Buchanan is married to musician Paul Wickens. They have one child, and the couple currently live in London, UK.

## Discography

Studio album
* I Should've Done This Years Ago (2005)
# Lackawanna County District Attorney v. Coss

Lackawanna County District Attorney v. Coss, 532 U.S. 394 (2001), was a United States Supreme Court case. The case concerned a federal prisoner who sought to challenge his current sentence by arguing it was enhanced based on an unconstitutional prior conviction. A divided Court held that such challenges could not be brought. The decision was based on a reading of the statute in question, not a Sixth Amendment constitutional analysis.

## Background

Edward R. Coss, Jr., had an extensive criminal record. By the age of 16 he had been "adjudged a juvenile delinquent on five separate occasions". In October 1986, Coss was convicted in Pennsylvania state court of assault, vandalism, and criminal mischief. He was sentenced to two consecutive prison terms of six months to one year. A habeas challenge, based on a claim that his trial attorney was constitutionally ineffective, was never ruled on by state courts.
After serving these sentences, he was convicted of aggravated assault in 1990. The court enhanced his sentence based on the prior conviction. A new habeas action against this trial was based on an argument that the enhancement relied on an unconstitutional prior conviction. Both the federal district court and the Third Circuit Court of Appeals determined that the enhancement was not permissible. The state prosecutors petitioned the United States Supreme Court to hear an appeal through a writ of certiorari.

## Opinion of the Court

Justice Sandra Day O'Connor wrote the majority opinion of the Court which reversed the decision of the Third Circuit. As the basis for the habeas challenge was Title 28, Section §2254 of the United States Code, each element of that section had to be fulfilled in order to gain relief (a reduction in sentence). The first element was that the petitioner is "in custody pursuant to the judgment of a state court", a status that Coss could not fulfill as he was not serving his 1986 sentences any longer. Additionally, the claim was not properly raised because the original sentence was "no longer open to attack".
Other parts of the majority opinion regarding Sixth Amendment claims did not control a majority of the Court, thus the judgment of the Third Circuit was simply reversed.

### Dissenting opinions
#### Souter's dissent

Justice Souter wrote a dissent which was joined by Justices Ginsburg and Stevens. Souter argued that because there was never a decision on the constitutionality of the original trial, the issue of "adverse effect" could still be raised.

#### Breyer's dissent

Another dissenting opinion in the case was authored by Justice Stephen Breyer. His short, one-paragraph opinion, argued that because the state has "failed to argue that the ... consideration of the 1986 convictions were harmless" there was no reason to overturn the Third Circuit's findings. This was a different reason than the Souter dissent, which is why he did not join it.
# Karl V. (opera)

Karl V. is an opera, described as a Bühnenwerk mit Musik (stage work with music) by Ernst Krenek, his opus 73. The German libretto is by the composer. His student Virginia Seay collaborated with him on the English translation of the libretto.
The first completed full-length twelve-tone opera tells the story of Emperor Charles V's life in a series of flashbacks on a split stage, devices which the composer only much later recognized as "cinematic" in style; there is also some use of Sprechstimme.

## History

Originally commissioned in 1930 by the Vienna State Opera for performance in 1934, this much anticipated work became a cause célèbre when the production was cancelled after Krenek was blacklisted in Germany by the Nazi government immediately following the German parliamentary elections in March 1933. The composer believed it was its strong emphasis on Christian universality that made Karl V. "utterly intolerable" to the Nazis. A concert suite for soprano (Fragmente aus dem Bühnenwerk Karl V., Op. 73a) was performed in 1936, and the opera was staged for the first time on 22 June 1938 at the Neues Deutsches Theater in Prague, by which time Krenek had fled overseas. In 1954 he revised the score for the first revival in Germany. A fully staged production of the opera was performed in the Festspielhaus of the Bregenzer Festspiele in the summer of 2008, and is available on DVD.

## Roles

Roles, voice types, premiere cast :
| Role | Voice type | Premiere cast, 22 June 1938 Conductor: Karl Rankl |
| Emperor Charles V | baritone | Pavel Ludikar |
| Juana, his mother | contralto | Lydia Kindermann |
| Eleonore, his sister | soprano | Martha Cuno |
| Ferdinand, his brother | tenor | Kurt Baum |
| Isabella, his wife | soprano | |
| Juan de Regla, his confessor | speaking role | |
| Henri Mathys, his physician | | |
| Francisco Borgia, a Jesuit, formerly the Empress' steward | tenor | |
| Alarcon, captain of the Emperor | speaking role | |
| Alba, captain of the Emperor | speaking role | |
| Frundsberg, captain of the Emperor | speaking role | |
| Imperial chancellor | | |
| Francis I, king of France | tenor | |
| Frangipani | tenor | |
| Clement VII | speaking role | |
| A cardinal | speaking role | |
| Luther | baritone | |
| A follower of Luther | tenor | |
| Moritz von Sachsen, a Protestant prince | speaking role | |
| Sultan Soliman | bass | |
| His astrologer | tenor | |

## Recordings

Krenek: Karl V. – Radio Symphony Orchestra Vienna
* Conductor: Gerd Albrecht
* Principal singers: Frank Hoffmann, Hanna Schwarz, Helmut Melchert, Horst Hiestermann, Kristine Ciesinski
* Recording date: 14 August 1980
* Label: Philips 6769 084 (2 LPs 106 minutes); later on Orfeo d'Or B00004YLCJ (CD)
Krenek: Karl V. – Bonn Beethovenhalle Orchestra
* Conductor: Marc Soustrot
* Principal singers: Wolf-Dieter Streicher, David Pittman-Jennings, Martina Borst, Tom Sol, Werner Hollweg, Franziska Hirzel, Andreas Conrad, Christoph Bantzer, Anne Gjevang, Axel Medrok, Florian Mock
* Recording date: 14 October 2000
* Label: MD&G Records – B00005NSOB (2 CDs 141 minutes)
# Suzuki SV1000

The Suzuki SV1000 and the half-faired SV1000S are naked bike motorcycles made by Suzuki since 2003. The 996 cc (60.8 cu in) displacement 90° V-twin motorcycles were aimed to compete directly with the Honda VTR1000F (also known as the SuperHawk or FireStorm, depending on the market), which was released prior to the Suzuki, and the low end Ducati one-litre V-twin engined sport bikes. The SV1000 is the larger version of the popular 650 cc SV650 motorcycle. The SV1000 shares many common parts with the SV650, including all bodywork (front fairing, fuel tank and rear plastics/subframe), but the main frame, handlebars, swingarm and forks are different. The front forks and brakes are sourced from the earlier GSX-R600. The SV1000's engine is sourced from the TL1000S which, inside were over 300 changes to improve low-end and midrange performance.
Unlike the Firestorm/SuperHawk, which had large 48 mm carburettors, the 2003 and later SV1000 was fuel injected and had Suzuki's 'Dual-Throttle Valve' technology. In 2004, the ergonomics were revised, with lower pegs and a slightly lower seat height, matching the 2003 N model (unfaired). The compression was increased slightly in the 2005 and 2006 models, and a few other internal items were changed, otherwise remained the same bike as the 2003 model.
The original SV1000 design (K3) has gone through two updates since its original release:
The K4 model - Includes a lowering of the rear-end (as per the 2003 unfaired version), the forks on the 03-04 were replaced with cheaper non-rebuildable cartridge forks.
The K5 model - Black frame, black wheels, shorter airbox trumpet, larger throttle bodies (now 54mm), higher-lift cams, a lighter flywheel, and a higher compression ratio as well as a new ECU. In some markets, Suzuki carries the SZ version with full fairing and GSX-R colour scheme. The K6 model - New selection of colours.
Neither 1000-engined bike sold well, even though the similar 650 cc displacement bikes are award winners and very popular. Suzuki stopped selling the SV1000 naked version in the US in 2004, while the S half fairing version continued through 2007 and by 2008 neither model was listed on the company's global web site.
# Liberal Socialist Party (disambiguation)

Liberal Socialist Party may refer to:
* Liberal Socialist Party (Angola)
* Liberal Socialist Party (Singapore)
* Liberal Socialist Party (Switzerland)
* Liberal Socialists Party (Egypt)
* Liberal Socialist Action Party, a minor Italian political party
# Touch Me Softly

Touch Me Softly is a 1963 album by George Shearing accompanied by his quintet and a string orchestra.

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Scott Yanow reviewed the album for Allmusic and wrote that "Best is a touching version of "Sunday, Monday or Always"...Actually, for this type of "dreamy" romantic music, the performances are excellent, but one should not expect much jazz on this out-of-print LP."

## Track listing

* "Just Imagine" (Buddy DeSylva, Lew Brown, Ray Henderson) - 2:34
* "Blue Room" (Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart) - 2:33
* "You're Blasé" (Bruce Sievier, Ord Hamilton) - 3:07
* "Wait for Me" (Charles DeForest) - 3:05
* "Try a Little Tenderness" (Jimmy Campbell, Reginald Connelly, Harry M. Woods) - 2:45
* "Suddenly It's Spring" (Jimmy Van Heusen, Johnny Burke) - 2:41
* "Be Careful, It's My Heart" (Irving Berlin) - 2:18
* "Sunday, Monday, or Always" (Van Heusen, Burke) - 2:40
* "Lollipops and Roses" (Tony Velona) - 2:40
* "Just as Though You Were Here" (Edgar De Lange, John Benson Brooks) - 3:12
* "Touch Me Softly" (Dick Allen, Stan Hoffman) - 3:37
* "In a Sentimental Mood" (Duke Ellington, Irving Mills, Manny Kurtz) - 3:22

## Personnel

* George Shearing - piano, arranger
* Gary Burton or Douglas Marsh - vibraphone
* Ron Anthony - guitar
* Ralph Peña - double bass
* Vernel Fournier - drums
* Milt Raskin - conducting string choir
Recorded in Los Angeles, 1963.
# Matuxia

Matuxia is a genus of land planarians from Brazil.

## Description

The genus Matuxia is characterized by having a slender body with nearly parallel margins, reaching up to 12 cm in length, and being slightly convex on both dorsal and ventral sides. The eyes are arranged along the body margins, not occupying the dorsum. The copulatory apparatus has an apparent penis papilla, a structure similar to a true penis papilla, but having an ejaculatory cavity instead of an ejaculatory duct. The female cavity is rounded and filled with a multilayered epithelium.

## Etymology

Matuxia is a portmanteau of the specific epithets of the two first species of the genus to be described, matuta and tuxaua, and the first name of Eudóxia Maria Froehlich, who described both M. matuta and M. tuxaua.

## Species

There are three species assigned to the genus Matuxia:
* Matuxia matuta (E. M. Froehlich, 1955)
* Matuxia tuxaua (E. M. Froehlich, 1955)
* Matuxia tymbyra Rossi & Leal-Zanchet, 2019
# Spirorbis corallinae

Spirorbis corallinae is a very small (1-2 mm) coiled polychaete (bristle worm) that lives attached to seaweed in shallow saltwater.
It has a smooth, white or semi-translucent, sinistral (left-handed) coiled shell encasing an orange body about 1.5 mm in length.
The worm has a short abdominal region and a slightly broader thorax terminating in colourless tentacles, used to filter food from the water. One of the tentacles is slightly larger than the rest and shaped like a saucer, which is used as an operculum. This seals the opening of the shell and serves to protect the worm from predators and desiccation when out of water.
It lives primarily on the red algae Corallina officinalis, after which it takes its name, but is also known to live on Irish Moss (Chondrus crispus). The shell is often confused with the white growing tips of Corallina fronds.
The Spirorbis genus are cross fertilising hermaphrodites, who brood their young in a tube attached to the worm inside the shell. The larvae are released at an advanced stage of development and spend just a few hours as free-living organisms before attaching themselves to the nearest suitable surface, often the same seaweed as the parent.

## Distribution

Ireland, north and west coasts of Britain; also the coast from North Norway to North France.
# State Highway 8 (Karnataka)

State Highway 8, also known as SH-8, is a State highway connecting Hirisave of Hassan district and Chettalli of Kodagu district, in the South Indian state of Karnataka. It has a total length of 184 kilometres (114 mi).
Major towns and villages on the highway are Hirisave, Shravanabelagola, Channarayapatna, Mudala Hippe, Holenarasipura, Arkalgud, Shanivarsante, Changadihalli, Kudrasthe, Vanagoor, Kundalli, Shanthalli, Thalthareshettahalli, Thakeri, Billigeri, Kumbur, Garagandoor, Suntikoppa and Chettalli.
# Margo Anderson

Margo Anderson may refer to:
* Margo J. Anderson (born 1945), American social historian and historian of statistics
* Margo Anderson (writer), American journalist and book author
# São Jorge (Santiago)

São Jorge (also: São Jorge dos Órgãos) is a settlement in the central part of the island of Santiago, Cape Verde. It is part of the São Lourenço dos Órgãos municipality. In 2010 its population was 6. It is situated 2.5 km southwest of João Teves and 4 km southeast of Picos. Its elevation is 319 meters.
It is home to the Jardim Botânico (Botanical Garden), the only one in Cape Verde. There is also a research institute of the School of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, part of the University of Cape Verde.

## Notable person

The writer Tomé Varela da Silva was born in the village in 1950.
# Parris Island Range Lights

The Parris Island Range Lights were range lights on the southern end of Parris Island in Beaufort County, South Carolina. The Parris Range Lights were first lit in 1881. They were deactivated in 1912. Only the lens house for the Rear Light remains, which is the oldest building at Parris Island.
Parris Island is on Port Royal Sound south of main portion of the city of Port Royal. It is best known as the home of the Marine Corps Recruit Depot Parris Island. The range lights on the Recruit Depot south of the airfield.

## Range Lights

In 1878, the U.S. Congress authorized range lights on Parris Island. These were to be used with the Hilton Head Range Lights to guide ships coming into Port Royal Sound.
The Front Range Light was a 45 feet (14 m) tall, wooden tower with square cross section and four legs. The watch room beneath the lantern was enclosed. To compensate for any shifts in the channel, the front light could be moved.
The front light suffered from erosion and storm damage. Its foundation was replaced in 1892. In 1900 and 1902 the U.S. Lighthouse Board's Annual Report indicated that it would have to be moved back. It is possible that the front light was moved back prior to deactivation.
The Rear Light was a 132 feet (40 m) tall triangular, iron skeletal tower, manufactured by the Cooper Manufacturing of Mount Vernon, Ohio. John Michael Doyle, who was an employee of the manufacturer, supervised the erection of the tower on a concrete foundation. Doyle later supervised the erection of the shorter Bloody Point Rear Range Light. He also became the first light keeper at Bloody Point. A brick lamp house, which was also called a lens house, was built at the base of the tower to house the lamp during the day. At night, the locomotive or steamer lamp with parabolic reflector was raised on rails to a height of 120 feet (37 m). The Parris Island Range Lights were lit in 1881.
A wooden walkway was built to connect the lights. The keeper's house was built about midway between the front and rear light.
# Kültepe Dam

Kültepe Dam is a dam in Turkey. The development was backed by the Turkish State Hydraulic Works.
# St. Patrokli, Kirchhörde

St. Patrokli is a Catholic church ad parish Kirchhörde [de], a Stadtteil of Dortmund, North Rhine-Westphalia. The parish also has churches in St. Clemens in Hombruch, St. Franziskus Xaverius in Barop, Maria Königin in Eichlinghofen and Heilige Familie in Brünninghausen.

## History

The church of Kirchhörde was dedicated to Patroclus of Troyes, but changed to Lutheran in the Reformation. With the industrialisation, a growing community of Catholics wanted to worship in their own church. The first plans for a parish in Kirchhörde were developed in 1937.
After World War II around 180 people gathered for services, first in the villa of the entrepreneur and politician Florian Klöckner [de]. In 1948 a property was found on which to build a church. The architect was Alfred Kalmbacher [de], whose second design was approved in June 1951. The building was managed by St. Clemens [de]. The new church was consecrated on 26 September 1954 by Franz Hengsbach.$^{:6}$ An organ was built in 1956 by Anton Feith [de].
# 1938 Northwestern Wildcats football team

The 1938 Northwestern Wildcats team represented Northwestern University during the 1938 Big Ten Conference football season. In their fifth year under head coach Pappy Waldorf, the Wildcats compiled a 4–2–2 record (2–1–2 against Big Ten Conference opponents) and finished in fourth place in the Big Ten Conference.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Rank | Site | Result | Attendance |
| October 1 | Kansas State* | | Dyche StadiumEvanston, IL | W 21–0 | 35,000 |
| October 8 | Drake* | | Dyche StadiumEvanston, IL | W 33–0 | |
| October 15 | Ohio State | | Dyche StadiumEvanston, IL | T 0–0 | 38,000 |
| October 22 | at Illinois | No. 18 | Memorial StadiumChampaign, IL (rivalry) | W 13–0 | 37,000 |
| October 29 | No. 2 Minnesota | No. 12 | Dyche StadiumEvanston, IL | W 6–3 | 48,000 |
| November 5 | Wisconsin | No. 7 | Dyche StadiumEvanston, IL | L 13–20 | |
| November 12 | at No. 18 Michigan | No. 17 | Michigan StadiumAnn Arbor, MI (rivalry) | T 0–0 | 71,010 |
| November 19 | No. 1 Notre Dame* | No. 16 | Dyche StadiumEvanston, IL (rivalry) | L 7–9 | 46,348 |
| *Non-conference gameRankings from AP Poll released prior to the game |||||||
# Opisthotropis cucae

Opisthotropis cucae, Cuc's mountain snake, is a species of natricine snake found in Vietnam.
# Spirorbula

Spirorbula is a genus of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Geomitrinae of the family Geomitridae, the hairy snails and their allies.

## Distribution

The distribution of the genus Spirorbula includes the area from Madeira to Porto Santo in the country of Portugal.

## Species

Species within the genus Spirobula include:
* Spirorbula depauperata (R. T. Lowe, 1831)
* Spirorbula latens (R. T. Lowe, 1852)
* † Spirorbula latina (Paiva, 1866)
* Spirorbula obtecta (R. T. Lowe, 1852) - type species
* Spirorbula squalida (R.T. Lowe, 1852)
# Madawala Demalabage

Madawala Demalabage is a village in Sri Lanka. It is located within Central Province.
# Technology treadmill

In agriculture, technology treadmill is the cycle of improving technology, reducing the cost of production, and increasing farm sizes. The technology treadmill theory was first described by Willard Cochrane in 1958 to explain the increasing land consolidation and ownership of farms and to show how the treadmill creates incentives for people to leave farming and become landowners.

## History

The technology treadmill begins when a small number of farmers adopt new technology early. These farmers make profits for a short while because their production costs are lower than other farmers. As more farmers get on the treadmill and adopt the technology, overall production goes up, prices go down, and profits are no longer possible – even with the lower production costs. Consequently, new technology must be created to make profits possible again. Furthermore, the remaining farmers are forced to sell their products at lower prices and if they want to remain competitive. Those farmers who do not get on the treadmill go down in the price squeeze and the more successful farmers expand over them.