OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Los Angeles Metropolitan Transit Authority

The Los Angeles Metropolitan Transit Authority (sometimes referred to as LAMTA or MTA I) was a public agency formed in 1951. Originally tasked with planning for rapid transit in Los Angeles, California, the agency would come to operate the vestiges of defunct private transit companies in the city.

## History

Formed in 1951, LAMTA's original mandate was to do a feasibility study for a monorail line which would have connected Long Beach with the Panorama City district in the San Fernando Valley via Downtown Los Angeles.
The agency's powers were expanded in 1954, authorizing it to study and propose an extensive regional transit system. In 1957, another expansion of the agency's powers authorized it to operate transit lines, and it subsequently purchased the bus and streetcar lines then being operated by Metropolitan Coach Lines, which had taken over passenger service of the Pacific Electric Railway in 1953, as well as the bus and streetcar lines of the Los Angeles Transit Lines, successor to the Los Angeles Railway. Both companies, as well as MCL subsidiary Asbury Rapid Transit System, were acquired for $34 million (equivalent to $387 million in 2023). The MTA began operating the lines on March 3, 1958, and continued to do so until the agency was taken over by the Southern California Rapid Transit District on November 5, 1964.
During the MTA's tenure, the last remaining rail transit lines in Los Angeles were abandoned and replaced with bus service, the last former Pacific Electric line in April 1961, and the last former Los Angeles Railway lines in 1963.

## Services
### Rail lines

| Name | Original company | Abandoned |
| Bellflower | Pacific Electric | 1958 |
| Catalina Dock | Pacific Electric | 1958 |
| Long Beach | Pacific Electric | 1961 |
| San Pedro via Dominguez | Pacific Electric | 1958 |
| Watts Local | Pacific Electric | 1959 |
| J | Los Angeles Railway | 1963 |
| P | Los Angeles Railway | 1963 |
| R | Los Angeles Railway | 1963 |
| S | Los Angeles Railway | 1963 |
| V | Los Angeles Railway | 1963 |

### Trolley bus

| Name | Original company | Converted to trolley bus |
| 2 | Los Angeles Railway | 1948 |
| 3 | Los Angeles Railway | 1947 |
# Eimantas Poderis

Eimantas Poderis (born 13 September 1973) is a Lithuanian former football forward. He obtained a total number of 21 caps for the Lithuania national football team, scoring five goals. Poderis also played as a professional in Russia and Israel during his career.

## Honours

National Team
* Baltic Cup
** 1992
** 2005
# Parul Shah

Parul Quitola Shah is a Filipino-Indian model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Binibining Pilipinas Tourism 2014 at the Binibining Pilipinas 2014. In 2015, she was appointed as Binibining Pilipinas Grand International 2015.

## Pageantry

She competed at the Binibining Pilipinas 2013 pageant and was chosen as one of the 15 semi-finalists. She decided to once again compete in Binibining Pilipinas and entered the 2014 edition on 30 March 2014, where she was crowned Binibining Pilipinas Tourism 2014 by the outgoing titleholder Binibining Pilipinas Tourism 2013, Joanna Cindy Miranda. However she could not compete in the said pageant as the pageant never happened. Parul Shah was handpicked to represent the Philippines at Miss Grand International 2015, where she placed 3rd Runner-up.
Shah represented the Mountain Province during the Turismo Pilipina 2008 pageant.

### Post Pageantry

In 2016, Shah won the fifth season of The Amazing Race Asia with Maggie Wilson.
# Sulcospira circumstriata

Sulcospira circumstriata is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.

## Distribution

This species occurs in:
* Malaysia
# Lyrical Cycle

The Lyrical Cycle or Lyrical Suite is a series of five oil on canvas paintings by Russian artist Alexander Tyshler, all produced in 1928.

## History

In 1928 Tyshler used the image of a wicker basket as the central motif for his set design for a production of Lope de Vega's The Sheep's Well by the Belarusian State Jewish Theater in Minsk, the basket's texture evoking the laconic architecture of the Spanish village where the play was set. He produced the Cycle the same year, again centred on a wicker basket, this time huge in dimensions and mysterious in purpose. In the different works it is filled with pigeons, men, horses and donkeys. The second work shows a long-legged girl in a hat standing next to the basket, which is divided into three horizontal tiers, occupied from top to bottom by two donkeys, two male heads and doves. He also used the wicker basket motif in his 'Crimea Cycle' of watercolours, which were exhibited alongside the Lyrical Cycle at the fourth OCT exhibition in April 1928, where they were fiercely criticised.

## List

| Number | Museum | City | Country | Size (cm) |
| 1 | State Tretyakov Gallery | Moscow | Russia | 61 × 70,5 |
| 2 | Pushkin Museum | Moscow | Russia | 73 × 55 |
| 3 | Now lost | n/a | n/a | n/a |
| 4 | Museum Ludwig | Cologne | Germany | 53 × 72 |
| 5 | Museum of Avant-Garde Mastery | Moscow | Russia | 73 × 55 |
# Leila Kayondo

Leila Kayondo is a Ugandan musician.

## Early life and education

Kayondo sang in school choirs and took part in school festivals when she was at Seeta Boarding Primary School and at Naalya Secondary School Namugongo for her O-Level. She continued the same road when she joined Greenville International School for A-Level. She graduated from Uganda Christian University in Mukono where she pursued a bachelor's degree in social works and social administration.

## Music

Kayondo started her music career in Dream Gals, an all girl-music group, after taking part in a competition that led to the group. The group had hit songs "weekend" and "Wandekangawo".
In 2009, Kayondo left the group to embark on a solo career. She has had hit songs like "Awo", and "Relaxing". She signed with Striker Entertainment, a Nigeria-based record label in Uganda in 2017, releasing two hit singles, "Respeck" and "Musaayi".
# 1895 USFSA Football Championship

The 1895 USFSA Football Championship was the 2nd staging of the USFSA Football Championship.

## Participants

| Teams | Town |
| Standard Athletic Club | Paris |
| Stade de Neuilly | Neuilly-sur-Seine |
| White Rovers | Paris |
| Paris Star | Paris |
| Club Français | Paris |
| Cercle pédestre d'Asnières | Asnières-sur-Seine |
| FC Levallois | Levallois-Perret |
| United Sports Club | Paris |

## Bracket

| First round | First round | Semi-finals | Semi-finals | | #Final | #Final |
| 3 March 1895 – | 3 March 1895 – | | | |
| The White Rovers | 8 | | | |
| The White Rovers | 8 | 17 March 1895 – | 17 March 1895 – | | |
| Paris Star | 1 | 17 March 1895 – | 17 March 1895 – | |
| Paris Star | 1 | The White Rovers (a.e.t.) | 2 | |
| 3 March 1895 – | 3 March 1895 – | | The White Rovers (a.e.t.) | 2 | |
| 3 March 1895 – | 3 March 1895 – | Club Français | 1 | |
| Club Français | 11 | Club Français | 1 | |
| Club Français | 11 | | | | 24 March 1895 – | 24 March 1895 – |
| FC Levallois | 0 | | | | 24 March 1895 – | 24 March 1895 – |
| FC Levallois | 0 | | | | Standard AC | 3 |
| 10 March 1895 – | 10 March 1895 – | | | | | Standard AC | 3 |
| 10 March 1895 – | 10 March 1895 – | | | | The White Rovers | 1 |
| Standard AC | 13 | | | | The White Rovers | 1 |
| Standard AC | 13 | 17 March 1895 – | 17 March 1895 – | | | |
| United Sports Club | 0 | 17 March 1895 – | 17 March 1895 – | | | |
| United Sports Club | 0 | Standard AC | 18 | | | |
| 10 March 1895 – | 10 March 1895 – | | Standard AC | 18 | | | |
| 10 March 1895 – | 10 March 1895 – | Stade de Neuilly | 0 | |
| Stade de Neuilly (a.e.t.) | 2 | Stade de Neuilly | 0 | |
| CP Asnières | 1 | | | |

## Tournament
### Quarterfinals

* Club Français 5–0 FC Levallois
* The White Rovers 8–1 Paris Star
* Stade de Neuilly 2–1 CP Asnières
* Standard AC 13–0 United Sports Club
The match between Stade de Neuilly and CP d'Asnières saw one of the earliest demonstrations of sudden death, since the game was stopped in extra-time by referee N. Tunmer (a member of Standard AC) right after Neuilly's goal due to darkness. The Asnières club complained to the USFSA commission, but the result remained unchanged.

### Semifinals

* Standard AC 18–0 Stade de Neuilly
* The White Rovers 2–1 Club Français

### Final

* Standard AC 3–1 The White Rovers
# Periodontium

The periodontium (from Greek περί (peri-) 'around' and -odont 'tooth') is the specialized tissues that both surround and support the teeth, maintaining them in the maxillary and mandibular bones. Periodontics is the dental specialty that relates specifically to the care and maintenance of these tissues. It provides the support necessary to maintain teeth in function. It consists of four principal components, namely:
* Gingiva (the gums)
* Periodontal ligament (PDL)
* Cementum
* Alveolar bone proper
Each of these components is distinct in location, architecture, and biochemical properties, which adapt during the life of the structure. For example, as teeth respond to forces or migrate medially, bone resorbs on the pressure side and is added on the tension side. Cementum similarly adapts to wear on the occlusal surfaces of the teeth by apical deposition. The periodontal ligament in itself is an area of high turnover that allows the tooth not only to be suspended in the alveolar bone but also to respond to the forces. Thus, although seemingly static and having functions of their own, all of these components function as a single unit. The Wnt signaling antagonist Sfrp3/Frzb has been recently discovered as an early developmental marker of the periodontium.

## External forces and the periodontium

The periodontium exists for the purpose of supporting teeth during their function and it depends on the stimulation it receives from the function for preservation of its structure. Therefore, a constant state of balance always exists between the periodontal structures and the external forces.
Alveolar bone undergoes constant physiologic remodeling in response to external forces, particularly occlusal forces. Bone is removed from areas where it is no longer needed and added to areas where it is needed. The socket wall reflects the responsiveness to the external forces. Osteoblasts and newly formed osteoid line the areas of tension, whereas lines of compression are lined by osteoclasts. The forces also influence the number, density, and alignment of trabeculae inside the bone. The bony trabeculae are aligned in the path of tensile and compressive stresses to provide maximum resistance to occlusal forces with a minimum of bone substance. When forces are increased, the bony trabeculae also increase in number and thickness and bone is added to the external surfaces.
The periodontal ligament depends on stimulation provided by function to preserve its structure. Within physiologic limits the PDL can accommodate increased function by increasing its width. Forces that exceed the adaptive capacity of the periodontium produce injury called trauma from occlusion. When occlusal forces are reduced the PDL atrophies, appearing thinned. This phenomenon is called disuse atrophy.
# Louds

Louds may refer to:
* Louds Island, in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Round Pond, Maine
* Shout Out Louds, indie rock band from Stockholm, Sweden
* The Louds, family in the documentary An American Family
* The Loud family, from the Nickelodeon series The Loud House
# Eimai Poli Kala

"Eimai Poli Kala" is a rare single released by Greek pop singer Anna Vissi in 1995. The single featured "Eimai Poli Kala" in three versions and the song "I Varka", which had already appeared on her popular album Re!.

## Track listing

* "Eimai Poli Kala" (Dance Mix) (I'm doing fine (Dance Mix))
* "Eimai Poli Kala" (Cool Mix) (I'm doing fine (Cool Mix))
* "I Varka" (Radio Edit) (The boat (Edit))
* "Eimai Poli Kala" (Album Version) (I'm doing fine (Album Version))
# Parulekar

Parulekar is an Indian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bapusaheb Parulekar (born 1929), Indian politician
* Dilip Parulekar, Indian politician
* Godavari Parulekar (1907–1996), freedom fighter, writer, and social activist
* Nanasaheb Parulekar (1898–1973), Indian journalist
# Sulcosinus

Sulcosinus is a genus of large sea snails or true whelks, marine gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Buccinoidea.

## Species

According to the World Register of Marine Species, the following species with valid names are included within the genus Sulcosinus:
* Sulcosinus taphrium (Dall, 1891)
* Sulcosinus orientalis Golikov & Gulbin, 1977: synonym of Clinopegma borealis Tiba, 1969
# Sown in Weakness, Raised in Power

Sown in Weakness, Raised in Power, also referred to as Sown in Weakness, is the debut and only full-length album by Christian metallic hardcore band Mindrage. It is the last release to feature Society's Finest drummer Chad Wilburn.

## Credits
### Mindrage

* John LeCompt – vocals, guitar
* Nick Williams – bass
* Chad Wilburn – drums

### Production

* Marty Bush – executive producer
* Jason Magnusson – assistant
* Rodney Mills – mastering
# Krūmiņš

Krūmiņš (Old orthography: Kru(h)min; feminine: Krūmiņa) is a Latvian topographic name, derived from the Latvian word for "bush" (krūms). Individuals with the surname include:
* Edgars Krūmiņš (1909–unknown), Latvian chess master
* Edgars Krūmiņš (born 1985), Latvian basketball player
* Hugo Teodors Krūmiņš (1901–1990), Latvian writer
* Jānis Krūmiņš (1930–1994), Latvian basketball player
* Mārtiņš Krūmiņš (1900–1992), Latvian-born American painter
* Susan Krumins (née Kuijken; 1986), Dutch athlete
# Shaar Hashomayim Synagogue (Sudbury)

Shaar Hashomayim is a synagogue in Sudbury, Ontario, Canada. It was dedicated on April 24, 1960. That year, the congregation joined the United Synagogues of America, the chief organ of Conservative Judaism.
Approximately 30 families attend the Shaar Hashomayim synagogue. It has 25 active families.

## Building
### Exterior

The Shar Hashomayim synagogue is a post-modern-style building. Its exterior is composed of a simple façade constructed of brown brick with white trim. The exterior has a large sculpture constructed out of seven concrete pillars that represents the menorah.
The green space surrounding the building backs onto a woodland, as well as a ravine. The view is guided towards the sky because the building appears to be horizontal, but this is contrasted with the repetition of vertical windows at the front .
On the exterior of the building, there is a dedication stone that marks the legacy of the Jewish Community.

### Interior

The building has seven thin vertical windows that divide the illumination into seven streams of light to represent the menorah. This large window inside is behind the synagogues bema and the vertical pieces diffuse the eastern sunlight.
There is unobstructed view of the ner tamid to the left of the bema.

### Architect

The architect was Mandel Charles Sprachman (January 15, 1925, Toronto - February 11th, 2002), a graduate of the University of Toronto School of Architecture who ran his own architecture firm.

## Programs and services

Shaar Hashomayim welcomes Jews of every denomination as well as members of any other faith.
Every service always includes women and men. The Shaar Hashomayim Synagogue also provides Hebrew school on Sundays for the kids in the families of the Jewish community. They also have bar/ bat mitzvah lessons and adult education is available as lectures, discussion/study groups and special events.

## Documentation

The Shaar Hashomayim synagogue was featured in a project by three University of Toronto architecture graduates; Sheldon Leitt, Lynn Milstone, and Sid Tenenbaum. Between1976 and 1980, the students took pictures of synagogues across Canada.
The student published a book entitled Treasures of the people: The synagogues of Canada (Toronto: Lest & Orpen Dennys Limited, 1985).
# Troy Township, Clarke County, Iowa

Troy Township is a township in Clarke County, Iowa, USA. As of the 2000 census, its population was 1,021. There are three other townships in Iowa named Troy: in Iowa, Monroe, and Wright Counties.

## Geography

Troy Township covers an area of 36.1 square miles (93 km$^2$) and contains one incorporated settlement, Murray. According to the USGS, it contains two cemeteries: Murray and Troy.
The stream of West Long Creek runs through this township.
# Orohermes

Orohermes is a genus of fishflies in the family Corydalidae. There is one described species in Orohermes, O. crepusculus.
# Lauf an der Pegnitz

Lauf an der Pegnitz (German pronunciation: ; Northern Bavarian: Lauf an da Pegnitz) is a town east of Nuremberg, Germany. It is the capital of the Nürnberger Land district in Bavaria. It is in the Pegnitz river valley, which flows through the town.
In 2009, the municipality developed a climate protection plan which was supported by the German Ministry for the Environment.

## Twin towns – sister cities

Lauf an der Pegnitz is twinned with:
* Brive-la-Gaillarde, France
* Drama, Greece
* Nyköping, Sweden
* Tirschenreuth, Germany

## Notable people

* Hermann Roesler (1834–1894), economist
* Martin Lauer (1937–2019), athlete, Olympic medalist, lived here
* Martin Jellinghaus (born 1944), athlete, Olympic medalist
* Marlene Mortler (born 1955), politician (CSU), Member of the Bundestag (2002–2019), Member of the European Parliament
* Timo Rost (born 1978), footballer
# Kavallar, Mudurnu

Kavallar is a village in the Mudurnu District of Bolu Province in Turkey. Its population is 43 (2021).
# Sulcospira collyra

Sulcospira collyra is a species of freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Pachychilidae.
The specific name collyra is from the Latin language. "Collyra" means elongated, because the shape of the shell is elongated.

## Distribution

This species occurs in Vietnam.
# EM gauge

EM gauge (named after the track gauge of a nominal Eighteen Millimetres) is a variant of 4 mm to a foot (1:76) scale used in model railways.
EM was developed because OO gauge, favoured by manufacturers of British prototype models, utilised track that was too narrow. OO was developed in the UK in the 1930s as a response to manufacturers finding they were unable to fit the motors of the time into British prototype small boilered locomotives when scaled at the globally popular HO scale's 3.5 mm to a foot (1:87). As the scale was increased to 4 mm to the foot to make the locomotives larger, the track gauge was left at 16.5 mm (0.65 in), and hence is too narrow (by a scale 178 mm or 7 in) to correctly depict the prototype's track gauge of 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm).
EM gauge was founded in the 1950s, originally with 18 mm (0.709 in) gauge track and rolling stock wheelsets based upon the crude and massively out-of-scale products of the contemporary OO model manufacturers.
18 mm gauge was still undersize by almost a millimetre. With the limitations of modelling at this time, particularly the width of tyres, the largest gauge that could fit within the outline of a scale model would be 18.5 mm, no larger. This was mostly an issue for steam locomotives, where the popular technique at the time of making connecting and coupling rods from rail required an excessive spacing between wheel faces and the cylinders.
Attempts to make finer tyre and flange standards were thwarted initially by the overscale rail sections available commercially, it being impractical for an individual modeller to make smaller rails – although some did attempt to, by cutting down commercial rail. Smaller flange and tyre dimensions were also unsuccessful, as the narrow tyres tended to detach from the wheel centres. More critically, small flanges required comparably smaller rail, trackwork gaps and point frogs in order to work reliably.
Wheelset standards did become more fine in time, allowing EM to evolve into 18.2 mm (0.717 in) gauge track (for a while called EEM gauge until it was adopted into the mainstream standard). Some modellers were still not happy with this, it is still a scale 1.9 inches (48.26 mm) too narrow, and developed the P4 standards (18.83 mm or 0.741 in gauge).
Most EM modellers will have started off using OO gauge and having acquired the necessary modelling skills, then advanced into EM. Modellers in EM typically re-wheel their rolling stock and hand-build their trackwork, although pre-built track is available from specialist suppliers. There are also many 4 mm scale kits which can be used by all 4 mm scale gauges, and since the advanced skills, advanced kitbuilding and scratchbuilding are also common.
EM standards are set by the EM Gauge Society, defining gauge and wheel dimensions to ensure compatibility across layouts.
# 1883 in Australian literature

This article presents a list of the historical events and publications of Australian literature during 1883.

## Books

* Ada Cambridge — The Three Miss Kings
* Henrietta Dugdale — A Few Hours in a Far-Off Age
* Helen Mathers — Sam's Sweetheart
* Rosa Praed — Moloch : A Story of Sacrifice

## Poetry

* Victor J. Daley
** "At the Opera"
** "Dreams"
* John Farrell — "How He Died"
* Charles Harpur — Poems
* Douglas Sladen
** Australian Lyrics
** A Poetry of Exiles and Other Poems
** "The Wentworth Falls, Blue Mountains"

## Short stories

* G. Herbert Gibson — Old Friends under New Aspects

## Births

A list, ordered by date of birth (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of births in 1883 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of death.
* 16 March — Ethel Anderson, poet (born in England, died 1958)
* 1 August — Ethel Nhill Victoria Stonehouse, novelist and poet (died 1964)
* 4 December — Katherine Susannah Prichard, novelist (died 1969)
* 12 December — William Baylebridge, poet (died 1942)

## Deaths

A list, ordered by date of death (and, if the date is either unspecified or repeated, ordered alphabetically by surname) of deaths in 1883 of Australian literary figures, authors of written works or literature-related individuals follows, including year of birth.
* 5 January — Charles Tompson, poet (born 1807)