OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Gary Podesto

Gary Allen Podesto (October 19, 1941 – June 29, 2023) was an American politician and businessman who served as the 75th mayor of Stockton, California from 1997 until 2005.

## Personal life

Podesto went to St. Mary's High School in Stockton and graduated in 1959. He went to Marquette University in Milwaukee, Wisconsin later that year but left when the football team was cut. He instead went to Santa Clara University from which he graduated with a degree in economies in 1963. He briefly took evening classes at Humphreys College in 1960s.
In 1962, Podesto married Janice, whom he had met at St. Mary's High School.
Podesto died at his home near Bozeman, Montana, at the age of 81 on June 29, 2023.

## Early career

After graduating from Santa Clara University, Podesto managed his father's Don Quick grocery store in Tracy, California. He opened a Food 4 Less grocery store in Stockton in 1984 and went on to open two more, employing about 400 employees and generating up to $120 million in annual retail sales.

## Political career

Podesto sold his stores in 1996 and soon after declared his candidacy for mayor, spending what was then a local record of $206,000 on the campaign. He won more than two of every three votes cast and won an uncontested re-election in 2000.
In 2004, when term limits prevented him from running for mayor again, Podesto declared his candidacy for California's 5th State Senate district, seeking to oust State Senator Michael Machado. Podesto spent nearly $5 million on his bid but lost by more than 5 percent. As of 2023, Podesto is the most recent Mayor of Stockton to have been elected to and serve two full terms.
The Gary and Janice Podesto Teen Impact Center in Stockton is named after the former mayor and his wife.

## Electoral history

1996 Stockton mayoral election :
| Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % |
| Gary Podesto | Gary Podesto | 23,046 | 69.6 |
| Mel Panizza | Mel Panizza | 6,961 | 21.0 |
| Khalid Jafri | Khalid Jafri | 326 | 4.0 |
| Brian Tibbens | Brian Tibbens | 1,105 | 3.3 |
| Total votes | Total votes | 33,104 | 100 |
2000 Stockton mayoral election :
| Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % |
| Gary Podesto (incumbent) | Gary Podesto (incumbent) | 37,487 | 100 |
| Total votes | Total votes | 37,487 | 100 |
2004 California State Senate district 5 Republican primary :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Gary A. Podesto | 49,865 | 100 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 49,865 | 100 |
2004 California State Senate district 5 election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Michael Machado (incumbent) | 154,519 | 52.19 |
| | Republican | Gary A. Podesto | 141,539 | 47.81 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 296,058 | 100 |
# Minister of Police v Ewels

Minister of Police v Ewels, is an important case in both the South African law of delict and, to a lesser extent, South African criminal law. It expresses a general rule: An omission is to be regarded as unlawful conduct when the circumstances of the case are of such a nature not only that the omission incites moral indignation, but also that the legal convictions of the community demand that it be regarded as unlawful and that the damage suffered be made good by the person who neglected to perform a positive act. In order to make a determination as to whether or not there is unlawfulness, therefore, the question is not whether there was the usual "negligence" of the bonus paterfamilias; the question is whether, regard being had to all the facts, there was a duty in law to act reasonably.
In casu, a citizen was assaulted in a police station by an off-duty officer in the presence of other officers. It was held by the court, on the facts of this case, that a policeman on duty, if he witnesses an assault, has a duty to come to the assistance of the person being assaulted. The failure of the police to do so made the Minister of Police liable for damages.
# Vowel–consonant synthesis

Vowel–consonant synthesis is a type of hybrid digital–analogue synthesis developed and employed by the early Casiotone keyboards. It employs two digital waveforms, which are mixed and filtered by a static lowpass filter, with different filter positions selected for use according to presets. The filters are modeled on the frequencies present in the human vocal tract, hence the name given by Casio technicians during the research and development process.
The waveforms are stored and unalterable without considerable modification, such as the addition of a computer or microcontroller, to deliver alternative control data to the sound synthesis chip.
# Vouzon

Vouzon (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Loir-et-Cher department in central France.
# Vouzan

Vouzan (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Charente department in southwestern France.
# Von Wright brothers

The von Wright brothers were five Finnish brothers of whom three were noted artists - Magnus von Wright (1805–1868), Wilhelm von Wright (1810–1887) and Ferdinand von Wright (1822–1906). These ornithologists, scientists, nature illustrators and artists were born in Haminalahti near Kuopio in Finland. Magnus and Wilhelm von Wright began the illustrative work Svenska Foglar ("Swedish birds") in August 1828. The work was financed by count Nils Bonde. The works was ready by 1838 and contains 178 lithographs.
* Grey-headed woodpecker by Magnus von Wright
* Eurasian golden oriole by Magnus von Wright
* Atlantic puffin by Wilhelm von Wright
* Eurasian magpie by Wilhelm von Wright
* The first surprise by Ferdinand von Wright
* Western capercaillie by Ferdinand von Wright
* Cuckoo wrasse by Wilhelm von Wright
# Namakama

Namakama is a small town and seat of the commune of Balan Bakama in the Cercle of Kangaba in the Koulikoro Region of south-western Mali.
# Ganga Lake

Ganga Lake may refer to:
* Ganga Lake (Pakistan)
* Ganga Lake (India)
* Ganga Lake (Mongolia)
* Ganga Talao (Mauritius) - Also called Ganga lake and Grand Basin
# Vozokany

Vozokany may refer to:
* Vozokany, Galanta District
* Vozokany, Topoľčany District
# Napper

Napper is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Edwin Napper (1815–1895), English cricketer
* George Napper (1550–1610), English Catholic priest
* Larry C. Napper (born 1947), American diplomat
* Robert Napper (born 1966), British serial killer
* James Napper Tandy (1739–1803), Irish rebel leader
# Nappers Halt railway station

Nappers Halt railway station is situated on the South Devon Railway, a heritage railway in Devon, England. It serves the Sea Trout Inn, near Staverton.
The station was opened by the South Devon Railway Trust. Trains only stop on special event days.
| Preceding station | Heritage railways | Heritage railways | Heritage railways | Following station |
| Totnes (Riverside) | | South Devon Railway | | Staverton |
# Vrakas

Vrakas (Greek: Βράκας) is a Greek surname that may refer to
* Daniel P. Vrakas (born 1955), American Republican politician and businessman
* Georgios Vrakas (born 2001), Greek football midfielder
* Zisis Vrakas, 19th century Macedonian-Greek Macedonian revolutionary
# Vrakupovitsa

Vrakupovitsa is a village in Strumyani Municipality, in Blagoevgrad Province, in southwestern Bulgaria.
# Nappy (disambiguation)

Nappy is a term in the English language in Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, United Kingdom, and Zimbabwe for a diaper.
Nappy may also refer to:
* Nappy Creek, a stream in Alaska
* Nappy Valley, a term for a neighbourhood with a large number of families with young children
* Nappy Brown, stage name of American R&B singer Napoleon Brown Goodson Culp (1929-2008)
* Joseph Nappy Lamare (1905-1988), American jazz banjoist, guitarist and singer
* Nappy, an adjective for Afro-textured hair (often offensive)
# Gatwal Yul

Gatwal Yul, also known as Gatwal Augustine Gatkuoth Yul, is a South Sudanese refugee living in Uganda. He fled hundreds of miles to Uganda at the age of 11 from South Sudan. He is the founder of the Upper Nile Institute and Young Adult Empowerment Initiative. He is also a 2017 fellow of the US Institute of Peace, a 2019 Obama Foundation African leader, and the recipient of the 2018 Peace Direct's Tomorrow's Peacebuilders Award.

## Early life and education

Gatwal Yul was born in Fangak village in South Sudan and was forced to flee his homeland because of war. He sought asylum in Uganda when he was only eleven years old where he joined boarding school in Kampala.

## Career

Gatwal Yul is the founder of the Upper Nile Institute and the Young Adult Empowerment Initiative. He is the 2017 U.S. Peace Fellow and 2019 Obama Foundation Africa Leader. He was also honored with the Peacemaker Award by Peace Direct for 2018. In April 2020, Gatwal briefed the United Nations Security Council on resolutions 2250 and 2419, with the UN Secretary-General -General and the Secretary-General's Representative for Youths, focused on Peace and Security (YPS). This was part of his continued work advocating for the cause of YPS, both grassroots and internationally.

## Awards and recognition

* 2017 fellow of the US Institute of Peace.
* 2018 Peace Direct's Tomorrow's Peacebuilders Award.
* 2019 Obama Foundation African leader.
# Garcia House (Mora, New Mexico)

Garcia House near Mora, New Mexico was built in 1865 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
It is a vernacular dwelling of type compatible for historic listing as part of a 1989 study of historic resources in western Mora County.
# Minors Aloud

Minors Aloud (subtitled Buddy Emmons with Lenny Breau) is an album by American pedal steel guitarist Buddy Emmons and Canadian guitarist Lenny Breau that was released in 1978.

## History

Minors Aloud was digitally remastered and reissued on CD by Art of Life in 2005 and includes a 6-page booklet, original and new liner notes and a copy of the lead sheet for the title track handwritten by Breau himself.
In his liner notes for the reissue, Emmons states: "... producer Mike Melford asked me if I would be interested in recording with Lenny Breau. My response was a quick yes but on the condition that Lenny would be the featured artist and I'd be listed as a guest... I learned later that Lenny hadn't been told anything about the project other than to just show up. With a few days preparation and a little polish to the arrangements, this would have been a different album. For better or worse we'll never know, but I do know the solos were spontaneous, the energy level was fantastic, and we all had a great time getting there."

## Reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Writing for Allmusic, music critic Paul Kohler singled out a few of the songs as noteworthy and notes "The pedal steel definitely gives a rather unique sound to Benny Golson's "Killer Joe," though Breau is clearly the more interesting soloist... Flying Fish was always interested in mixing musicians from country and jazz; this somewhat uneven date should be considered at least a partial success."

## Track listing

* "Minors Aloud" (Buddy Emmons, Lenny Breau) – 3:41
* "Compared to What" (Gene McDaniels) – 4:39
* "Killer Joe" (Benny Golson) – 6:08
* "Long Way to Go" (Michael Melford, Wolf Opper) – 4:27
* "Secret Love" (Sammy Fain, Paul Francis Webster) – 5:06
* "Scrapple from the Apple" (Charlie Parker) – 7:08
* "On a Bach Bouree" (Breau) – 6:27

## Personnel

* Buddy Emmons – pedal steel guitar
* Lenny Breau – guitar
* Randy Goodrum – keyboards
* Charles Dungey – bass
* Kenny Malone – drums

## Production notes

* Michael Melford – producer
* Al Pachucki – engineer
* Ben Tallent – engineer
* J. D. Sloan – photography
* Buddy Emmons – liner notes
# Vulcan (barge)

The Vulcan, launched in 1819, was the first all iron-hulled vessel (boat) to be built. It was designed as a horse-drawn passenger barge for use on the Scottish canals.

## History

In 1816, the Forth and Clyde Canal Company, which had earlier successfully adapted new technology to shipbuilding with the Charlotte Dundas, authorised the development of an all-iron ship, and they quickly settled upon building a canal barge. In 1818, Thomas Wilson (1781–1873), was hired as the shipwright. The barge was to be 20 metres (66.5 ft.) long and narrow enough for the canal. The design called for iron sectionals to be riveted together with covering plates. Two blacksmiths were hired to construct the parts.
The plating had to be hammered out of puddled iron as no iron rolling mills existed at the time. The iron was supplied by the Monklands Steel Company.
The Vulcan was built outside Glasgow, in Faskine, Airdrie, on the bank of the Monkland Canal.
The Vulcan was launched in May 1819 and carried passengers between Edinburgh and Glasgow. Later it was converted to a cargo handler and was sold for scrap in 1873. In 1988, a replica of the Vulcan was constructed in Glasgow, and now resides at the Summerlee Museum of Scottish Industrial Life.
# Vrbčany

Vrbčany is a municipality and village in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.
# Nara Municipal Buried Cultural Properties Research Centre

Nara Municipal Buried Cultural Properties Research Centre (奈良市埋蔵文化財調査センター, Nara-shi maizō bunkazai chōsa sentā) opened in Nara, Japan, in 1983. It moved to a new building in 1999. The Centre is involved in the excavation, investigation, preservation, and promotion of the area's archaeological heritage, and operates an exhibition hall.
# Narrowhead

Narrowhead may refer to:
* Narrowhead catshark
* Narrowhead garter snake
# W. Downwood

W. Downwood was a 19th-century footballer who played in defence for Burslem Port Vale.

## Career

Downwood joined Burslem Port Vale in June 1892. He made his debut for the club at right-half in a 2–0 loss to Ardwick at Hyde Road on 12 September 1892. He was only selected for a further three Second Division games and one FA Cup match before being released from the Athletic Ground at the end of the season.

## Career statistics

Source:
| Club | Season | Division | League | League | FA Cup | FA Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Burslem Port Vale | 1892–93 | Second Division | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Total | Total | Total | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
# W. Dudley Johnson

Wenner Dudley Johnson (April 3, 1930 – October 24, 2016) was an American cardiothoracic surgeon who became known as the father of coronary artery bypass surgery. He and a colleague operated on one of the longest-surviving patients in the early days of heart transplants, and he made significant contributions to several other cardiac surgical procedures.

## Biography

Johnson was born in Madison, Wisconsin. His father, Royce, was an electrical engineer. His mother, Olga, was a home economics teacher who came from a Swedish immigrant family. Johnson said that his parents met at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where his father was an engineering professor and his mother taught home economics. When he was 13, Johnson moved with his family to Rockford, Illinois; his father had decided to leave academia and had found a job in industry.
When Johnson was a child, his mother taught him to crochet; he also took a sewing class in the seventh grade. Though these skills helped him to become a surgeon, Johnson initially set out to be a family practitioner; he was nearly turned off from surgery because he disliked the arrogance of surgeons. After graduating with an undergraduate degree at the University of Illinois and earning an M.D. at the university's medical school, Johnson became interested in surgery during his internship at Cook County Hospital in Chicago.
After being drafted into the United States Navy, Johnson discovered that he was susceptible to seasickness, so he joined the United States Public Health Service. Later, he joined cardiac surgeon Derward Lepley in Milwaukee to work on coronary artery bypass procedures. Johnson became known for a 1968 operation in which he bypassed a patient's right coronary artery using a vein taken from the patient's leg. The same year, Lepley and Johnson performed a heart transplant. The patient lived for nine years after the transplant; at the time, that patient's survival was the longest of any heart transplant patient.
Johnson was known for his early work on coronary artery bypass surgery and carotid endarterectomy. He introduced the administration of allopurinol to lower mortality in cardiac surgery patients. He also made breakthroughs in stopping the blood flow through the heart during surgery and in lowering the cardiac surgery patient's temperature during surgery. Johnson was known as a surgeon who could operate on heart patients after other physicians told them they should prepare to die. By the late 1990s, Johnson was working on surgical treatments for the arrhythmia known as atrial fibrillation, and he was studying the usefulness of injecting genetic material into the heart to generate blood vessel growth.
Johnson lived on a farm in Germantown, Wisconsin, where he grew organic crops, including apples and asparagus. He suffered a stroke after a medical society meeting in Milwaukee in October 2016. He died a few days later.
# Minnesota 2020

Minnesota 2020 is a non-partisan think tank created by ex-Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party State Representative Matt Entenza in June 2007 in Minnesota, USA. Minnesota 2020 focuses on the issues of economic development, education, health care, transportation and other key issues. Minnesota 2020 ceased operations in 2014.
# Mimran

Mimran is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Jean Claude Mimran (born 1945), French businessman
* Joe Mimran (born 1952), Moroccan-Canadian fashion designer and entrepreneur
* Michel Mimran (born 1954), French architect and artist
* Patrick Mimran (born 1956), French artist and composer
# Naseer Islam

Naseer Islam (born 23 September 1972) is a former international cricketer who represented the American national team between 1997 and 2007. He was born in Pakistan.
A right-arm pace bowler, Islam made his debut for the U.S. national team at the 1997 ICC Trophy in Malaysia, playing in five of his team's seven matches and taking five wickets. His best figures at the tournament were 3/15 from ten overs, taken against Israel. The following year, Islam played in the 1998–99 Red Stripe Bowl – a West Indian domestic competition in which the U.S. had been invited to compete. He took 2/41 against Jamaica, but was wicketless in the other matches (against the Leeward Islands and Barbados). At the 2001 ICC Trophy in Canada, Islam was the leading wicket-taker for the United States, finishing with 17 wickets from his nine matches. Against Canada he took 5/41 from ten overs, while against Ireland he took 4/32 from 9.2 overs. In July 2004, Islam was selected to play in an ICC Intercontinental Cup game against Bermuda, which held first-class status. His final appearance for the U.S. came three years later, in September 2007, on a tour of India.
# Nand Ram Ka Tila

Nand Ram Ka Tila (Nand Ram’s Uneven Land) is an area measuring approximately 3km by 3km situated in the heart of city of Agra in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. The coordinates of the area are latitude 27°10'47.71"N and longitude 78° 0'48.45"E. The area is under the administrative jurisdiction of Mantola Police Station. Sadar Bhatti is the nearest landmark, a former foundry area during the British period and known for many steel foundries where cast steel was molded into various weapons-grade spares. The area is surrounded by Mantola Road in the north and Railway Line in the south and southeast.
# Vörnir

Vörnir is a jötunn in Nordic mythology. He is only extant in Nafnaþulur in the Prose Edda.
The name has been connected to the PIE root *ver- (from *verunyos?), meaning "to cover". Cognates in other Indo-European languages have been suggested, but remain uncertain. The Vedic Varuna, the Mitanni names aruna and urvana, Uranos, the sky god in Greek mythology, the Slavic god Veles, and velnias, the Lithuanian for "devil".
# Oruku

Oruku is a community in Enugu State, Nigeria.

## Government

The local government is Nkanu East LGA of Enugu State.

## Demographics
### Language

The de facto language is the language of the Ibo tribe.

### Population

Oruku's population, according to the 2006 census, is 12,569
# Takemoto

Takemoto (written: 竹本, 竹元, 武本 or 嶽本) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Eiji Takemoto (竹本 英史, born 1973), Japanese voice actor
* Takemoto Gidayū (竹本 義太夫, 1651–1714), Japanese playwright and puppet theatre director
* Iwao Takamoto (1925–2007), American animator, television producer, and film director
* Izumi Takemoto (竹本 泉, born 1959), Japanese manga artist
* Kazuhiko Takemoto (竹本 一彦, born 1955), Japanese footballer and manager
* Masao Takemoto (竹本 正男, 1919–2007), Japanese artistic gymnast
* Naokazu Takemoto (竹本 直一, born 1940), Japanese politician
* Novala Takemoto (嶽本 野ばら, born 1968), Japanese author and fashion designer
* Tina Takemoto, American artist
* Yasuhiro Takemoto (武本 康弘, 1972–2019), Japanese director of anime series
* Yoshiyuki Takemoto (竹元 義幸, born 1973), Japanese footballer
* Yukari Takemoto (竹本 ゆかり, born 1955), Japanese swimmer
# Eltigen

Eltigen may refer to:
* 2217 Eltigen, main-belt asteroid
* Eltigen (Heroyevskoe), part of the city of Kerch, Crimea
* Kerch–Eltigen Operation, World War II amphibious offensive on Crimea by the Red Army
# Thiepval (disambiguation)

Thiepval a commune in the Somme department, Hauts-de-France, France.
Thiepval may also refer to:
* Thiepval Barracks, headquarters of the British Army in Northern Ireland
* HMCS Thiepval, a 1917 sunken Canadian trawler
# FNCI

FNCI may refer to:
* First Nations Composer Initiative
* Forces Nouvelles de Côte d'Ivoire
# Matsutani

Matsutani (written: 松谷 lit. "pine tree valley") is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Hiroaki Matsutani (fl. 1990s), Japanese mixed martial artist
* Makoto Matsutani (松谷 誠, 1903–1998), Japanese military officer
* Takesada Matsutani (松谷 武判, born 1937), Japanese mixed-media artist
* Yūya Matsutani (松谷 裕也, born 1984), ring name Shōhōzan Yūya, Japanese sumo wrestler

## Fictional characters

* Yoko Matsutani, from the 2000s Japanese Legendz franchise
# Taungni-chinywa

Taungni-chinywa is a village in Homalin Township, Hkamti District, in the Sagaing Region of northwestern Burma.
# Lochan na h-Achlaise

Lochan na h-Achlaise in Scottish Gaelic Loch of the Armpit, is an irregular shaped, somewhat triangular or heart shaped, freshwater loch on Rannoch Moor, Argyll and Bute in the Scottish West Highlands, within the Highland council area of Scotland.
# Lonchaea chorea

Lonchaea chorea is a species of fly in the family Lonchaeidae. It is found in the Palearctic.
The larva develops in cow dung.

## Description

For terms see Morphology of Diptera. Long 3–5 mm. Male interocular space eye twice as wide as the antenna, more narrow in front. Thorax and abdomen shiny black with blue, green or purple reflections. Wings more or less yellow at the base. Squamae with long marginal cilia. Black halteres. Short subdiscoid abdomen.
Female interocular space slightly less wide than the eye. Lunula with white pruinosity. Antenna dark brown and extended to the epistome.

## Biology

March–December, on leaves, bushes, shrubs, etc. Larva under old bark, in cow dung, causing decay in beets, under the bark of pine with Tomicus piniperda under Quercus bark.

## Distribution

partial Throughout Europe, from Ireland Sweden to Spain and Italy. Macedonia. Also Ecuador.
* aedeagus
* video