# Tequiraca language

Tequiraca (Tekiráka), also known as Abishira, Aiwa (Aewa, Aʔɨwa), Ixignor, or Vacacocha, is an extinct language once spoken in Peru. In 1925 there were between 50 and 80 speakers in Puerto Elvira on Lake Vacacocha (connected with the Napo River). It is presumed extinct some time in the mid 20th century, though in 2008 two rememberers were found and 160 words and short sentences were recorded. Today, most ethnic Aiwa people have shifted to Kichwa and Spanish.
The little data available show it to not be closely related to other languages, though a distant connection to Canichana was proposed by Kaufman (1994).
Jolkesky (2016) also notes that there are lexical similarities with Taushiro, likely as a result of prehistoric contact within the circum-Marañón interaction sphere.

## Phonology
### Consonants

| | | Bilabial | Dental/ Alveolar | Palatal/ Postalveolar | Velar | Uvular |
| Nasal | Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | |
| Plosive | Voiceless | p | t | | k | q |
| Plosive | Ejective | pʼ | tʼ | | kʼ | qʼ |
| Affricate | Affricate | | | t͡ʃ | | |
| Fricative | Fricative | | s | | x | |
| Approximant | Central | v | | j | w | |
| Approximant | Lateral | | l | ʎ | | |
| Rhotic | Rhotic | | r | | | |

### Vowels

| | A | I | U | O | E |
| short | /a/ | /i/ | /u/ | /o/ | /ɛ/, /e/ |
| long | /aː/ | /i:/ | /u:/ | /o:/ | /ɛː/, /eː/ |
[:] is the verbalizer

## Vocabulary
### Michael & Beier (2012)

Aiwa lexical items listed in Michael & Beier (2012):
    glossAiwa (aˈʔɨwa) (my) husband(kun) aˈʃap (my) head(kun) ˈhuti (my) brother(kun) auˈʃaʔ (my) knee(kun) kuˈpɨnu 1st person pronounkun 2nd person pronounkin 3rd person pronoun, demonstrativejan agoutiaʃˈpali alone, singleiˈʃam approachjaˈsik autonymaˈʔɨwa ayahuascalukˈʔãk barbasco (fish poison)maˈlahi basketˈhaʔu bathe!haɾ kin tsuk bigtuˈkut big headhutuˈluk big-bellied personaˈɾuh tʃuˈluk bird sp. (woodpecker)isaˈɾawi bird sp. (paujil)wiˈkoɾõ bird sp. (partridge)hũʔˈʃũlũ bird sp. (pucacunga)ɾoˈʔele bird sp. (vaca muchacho)kʷãˈʔũli blue and yellow macawalkahˈneke breastaˈkiʃ caimanamˈhala canoeaˈtɾewa capuchin monkey sp.ɾũtɾũˈkʲãwã capuchin monkey sp.waˈnaha cat sp. (tigrillo)hũhũkũˈpãʔ cleared pathtasˈʔãʔĩ clothingkuhˈpaw coatiʃakˈɾaɾa come!ˈsikʷas cooking fireasˈkʷãwa cornsuˈkala cottonnuiˈnui deeratɾiˈwaʔa earthahulˈtaʔ eat!iˈtakʷas eyejaˈtuk firewoodwiɾuˈkawa gardentahaˈɾũʔũ giveɨˈwɨt have sexhiˈtʃinuas hereˈhiɾwas hitˈpɨwas I am bathingkun inˈtsukwas jaguarmiˈala leafiˈɾapi little womanaslantaˈnia little, a little bitiˈʃikta masato, yuca beernutˈnɨt monk saki monkey sp.kʷɨˈɾiɾi mosquitowiˈʃala noˈtʃahtaɾ non-indigenous personˈpaɾi penisjatˈhaka pepperaˈlaha potato varietyjaunaˈhi red macawmilahˈneke seeuˈkaik snakeauˈʔek squirrel monkeysiˈaʔa stingray sp.hamˈham stingray sp.makɾaˈlasi sugar caneraiwãˈʔãk sun, moon, Godakɾeˈwak tamarin monkeyaslʲaˈʔãũ tapirˈsahi treeˈau white-lipped peccaryɾaˈkãʔõ  ?niˈkʲaw
Table comparing Aiwa (Tequiraca) with Waorani, Iquito, and Maijiki (mã́ḯhˈkì; Orejón) from Michael & Beier (2012):
    glossAiwa (aˈʔɨwa)WaoraniIquitoMaijiki (mã́ḯhˈkì) white-lipped peccaryɾaˈkãʔõˈɨɾæ̃anitáakibɨ́ɾɨ́ tapirˈsahiˈtitæpɨsɨ́kɨbékɨ́ collared peccaryiˈhaɾaˈãmũkaáʃikáókwã̀ deeratɾiˈwaʔkoˈwãnʲɪʃikʲáahanʲámà, bósá red macawmilahˈnekeˈæ̃wæ̃anápamá mosquitowiˈʃalaˈgʲijɪanaáʃimɨ́tè (my) mother(kun) ˈamaˈbaɾãáni, (ki) niatíha(jì) hàkò, bɨ́ákò (my) father(kun) haˈmæ̃mpoákɨ, (ki) kakɨ́ha(jì) hàkɨ̀, bɨ́ákɨ̀ person, compatriotaˈʔɨwawaɨɤˈɾãniárata ɨyáanamã́ĩ́ (my) husband(kun) aˈʃapnãnɨˈɡæ̃ŋãahaáha, (ki) níjaaka(jì) ɨ̃́hɨ̃́ headˈhutiɨˈkabuánakatʃṍbɨ̀ earʃuˈɾalaɨ̃nɨ̃ˈmɨ̃ŋkatúukuɡã́hòɾò breastaˈkiʃɤɨˈɨ̃mæ̃ʃipɨɨ́haóhéjò pepper (hot or sweet)aˈlahaˈɡʲĩmũnapɨ́kibíà cottonnuiˈnuiˈdajɨ̃sɨ́wɨjɨ́í leafiˈɾapiɨ̃ˈnʲabu, ɨdʲɨ̃iímɨ, naámɨhàò plantainaˈlaʔapæ̃ˈæ̃næ̃samúkʷaatiò cornsuˈkalakaˈɤĩŋɨ̃siíkirahabéà cooking fireasˈkʷãwaˈɡɨ̃ŋaiinámitóà canoeaˈtɾewaˈwipuiíminajóù houseatˈku, atˈkuaˈɨ̃ŋkɨ̃íitawè firewoodwiɾuˈkawatɪ̃ˈnɪ̃wæ̃hárakihéká yuca or corn beernutˈnɨtˈtɪpæ̃itíniihagónó stonenuˈklahiˈdikasawíhaɨ́nò, ɡɨ́nò sunakreˈwakˈnæ̃ŋkɪnunamíjamã́ĩ̀ smalliˈʃiktaˈɡʲiijãsɨsanuríkajàɾì what?iˈkiɾikʲĩnɨ̃saákaɨ̃́ɡè where?ˈnahɾiæjɨ̃ˈmɨ̃nɨ̃tɨɨ́tikáɾó noˈtʃahtarˈwĩĩkaa-mà come!sik, ˈsikʷasˈpũɪanímadáímà

### Loukotka (1968)

Loukotka (1968) lists the following basic vocabulary items for Auishiri.
    glossAuishiri oneismáwa twokismáõ heada-waréke eyeo-toroã womanaslané fireyaháong sunakroák maizesukála houseatkúa whitesukeé

## Sources

* Hammarström, Harald. 2010. "The status of the least documented language families in the world". In Language Documentation & Conservation, v. 4, p. 183.
* Fabre, Alain. 2005. Diccionario etnolingüístico y guía bibliográfica de los pueblos indígenas sudamericanos: AWSHIRI.
* Michael, Lev; Beier, Christine. (2012). Phonological sketch and classification of Aewa. (Manuscript).

### Earlier lexical sources

* Tessmann, Günter. 1930. Die Indianer Nordost-Perus: Grundlegende Forschungen für eine Systematische Kulturkunde. Hamburg: Friederichsen, De Gruyter & Co. (112 lexical items)
* Espinoza, Lucas. 1955. Contribuciones lingüísticas y etnográficas sobre algunos pueblos indígenas del Amazonas peruano. Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto Bernardino de Sahagún. (17 lexical items)
* Villarejo, Avencio. 1959. La selva y el hombre. Editorial Ausonia. (93 lexical items)