OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# No. 519 Squadron RAF

No. 519 Squadron RAF was a meteorological squadron of the Royal Air Force during the Second World War.

## History

No. 519 Squadron was formed on 15 August 1943 at RAF Wick from 1406 Flight, equipped with Handley Page Hampdens and Supermarine Spitfires. Its purpose was collecting meteorological data from the northern waters of the North Sea all the way to Norway. It soon replaced the Hampdens with Lockheed Hudsons and Lockheed Venturas. The squadron base moved on a number of times along the east coast of Scotland but the squadron's role remained the same. In November 1944 the squadron started using the Boeing Fortress, which it operated to the end of the war. With the war over, the squadron standardised on the Halifax Mk.III, until it was disbanded at RAF Leuchars on 31 May 1946.

## Aircraft operated

Aircraft operated by No. 519 Squadron RAF :
| From | To | Aircraft |
| August 1943 | October 1943 | Handley Page Hampden Mk.I |
| August 1943 | January 1945 | Supermarine Spitfire Mk.VI |
| September 1943 | October 1943 | Lockheed Hudson Mks.III and IIIa |
| October 1943 | October 1944 | Lockheed Ventura Mk.V |
| July 1944 | March 1945 | Lockheed Hudson Mks.III and IIIa |
| November 1944 | September 1945 | Boeing Fortress Mk.II |
| October 1944 | December 1945 | Supermarine Spitfire Mk.VII |
| August 1945 | May 1946 | Handley Page Halifax Mks III and VI |

## Squadron bases

RAF stations used by No. 519 Squadron RAF :
| From | To | Base |
| 15 August 1943 | 11 December 1943 | RAF Wick, Caithness, Scotland |
| 11 December 1943 | 29 November 1944 | RAF Skitten, Caithness, Scotland |
| 29 November 1944 | 17 August 1945 | RAF Wick, Caithness, Scotland |
| 17 August 1945 | 8 November 1945 | RAF Tain, Ross and Cromarty, Scotland |
| 8 November 1945 | 31 May 1946 | RAF Leuchars, Fife, Scotland |
# My Gal Sal (disambiguation)

My Gal Sal is a 1942 American musical film.
My Gal Sal may also refer to:
* My Gal Sal (aircraft), the nickname of a restored World War II B-17E-BO Flying Fortress
* "My Gal Sal", a 1905 song composed by Paul Dresser, the subject of the 1942 film
# Military Operations Authority (Egypt)

The Military Operations Authority is one of the Egyptian Ministry of Defense agencies. It is located in Cairo. Former directors include Ahmad Ismail Ali and Ahmed Salah El-Din Abdel-Halim (1983-86).
# Muttathe Mulla

Muttathe Mulla is a 1977 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by J. Sasikumar and produced by Thiruppathi Chettiyar. The film stars Prem Nazir, Adoor Bhasi, Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair and Jose Prakash. The film has musical score by V. Dakshinamoorthy.

## Cast

* Prem Nazir as Gopi
* Adoor Bhasi as Kochappan
* Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair
* Jose Prakash as Thambi
* K. P. Ummer as Panikkar
* M. G. Soman as Baabu
* Usharani as Radha
* Vidhubala as Geetha
* Meena as Kalyani (tailor)
* Kaviyoor Ponnamma as Maheswari
* T. R. Omana as Lakshmi
* Sreelatha Namboothiri as Anantham (tailor)
* Kunjan as Supran (Tailoring Assistant)
* Sudheer
* Janardhanan as Ramesh

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by V. Dakshinamoorthy and the lyrics were written by Pappanamkodu Lakshmanan.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics |
| 1 | "Aaromalunnikku" | P. Jayachandran, Ambili, Chorus, Jayashree | Pappanamkodu Lakshmanan |
| 2 | "Happy New Year" | Ambili | Pappanamkodu Lakshmanan |
| 3 | "Manam Poleyano" | K. J. Yesudas | Pappanamkodu Lakshmanan |
| 4 | "Swapangalaadyamaay" | K. J. Yesudas | Pappanamkodu Lakshmanan |
# Trichofeltia

Trichofeltia is a genus of moths of the family Noctuidae.

## Species

* Trichofeltia circumdata (Grote, 1883)
# Tourouvre (disambiguation)

Tourouvre is a French commune, located in the department of Orne in Basse-Normandie region.
Tourouvre may also refer to:

## Canada

* Lake Tourouvre, lake created by the Dam Trenche on the River Trenche, La Tuque, Quebec
# The Last Stone

The Last Stone: A Masterpiece of Criminal Interrogation is a 2019 book by Mark Bowden. It tells the story of the reopening of the case of the murders of Katherine and Sheila Lyon, two sisters who disappeared from a Maryland shopping mall in 1975.
Following a 2013 cold case re-investigation into the sisters' disappearance, one of the perpetrators, Lloyd Lee Welch Jr., was indicted upon two first-degree murder charges in 2015; he was later convicted of the children's murder and sentenced to two concurrent 48-year sentences in relation to each count of first-degree murder.
Bowden had covered the disappearance for the Baltimore News-American.
# United Workers' Union of South Africa

The United Workers' Union of South Africa (UWUSA) was a general union in South Africa.
The union was launched in Durban on 1 May 1986 by Mangosuthu Buthelezi. It was closely linked with the Inkatha Freedom Party, and was opposed to the recently founded Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU). In particular, it opposed COSATU's call for an international boycott of South African goods. Led by general secretary Dumisani Dludla and president A. B. Mlshali, it soon claimed 150,000 members. Most of its members worked in mining, but it established footholds in some factories, often promoted by management as a more moderate alternative to COSATU.
From June 1986, UWUSA members at the Hlobane colliery regularly attacked members of the National Union of Mineworkers there, killing eleven of them. Regular violence continued between UWUSA and various COSATU-affiliated unions.
The union was secretly funded by the South African Police's Security Branch. In 1991, former police officer Brian Morrow leaked documents proving state funding for the organisation, and journalist David Beresford published them. The scandal led to a great loss of support, but the union remained active until at least 1994.
# Michel Venne

Michel Venne (born 1960) is a Canadian journalist, author and intellectual. He was a columnist for the Montreal newspaper Le Devoir. He is founder and director of the Institut du Nouveau Monde. Venne is a vocal advocate of Quebec independence and of progressive, social democratic politics.
Venne studied communications at the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQÀM) and political science at Université Laval, in Quebec City. At Le Devoir, he has been parliamentary correspondent at the National Assembly of Quebec, editor, and news director. He is editor of L'annuaire du Québec, an exhaustive annual publication on Quebec affairs, sold in bookstores.
On June 23, 2021, Venne was found guilty of sexual assault against Quebec media personality Léa Clermont-Dion when she was a minor. The verdict of 6 months in prison was appealed. The appeal was dismissed on August 28, 2024.
# Phacopsis lethariellae

Phacopsis lethariellae is a species of lichenicolous (lichen-dwelling) fungus in the family Parmeliaceae. It was formally described as a new species in 1995 by Josef Hafellner and Gerhard Rambold. The type specimen was collected by the first author from La Fortaleza (La Gomera) at an altitude of 1,180 m (3,870 ft), where it was found growing on the thallus of the lichen Lethariella intricata. It causes formations of galls, which also creates a torsion on the thallus. It has dark brown to black apothecia that are typically 0.3–0.5 mm in diameter, with a convex disc. Its ascospores are ellipsoid to ovoid, measuring 11–13 by 6–7 μm. The fungus, known to occur only in the Canary Islands, is named after the genus of its host.
# Nacimiento River (Teno)

The Nacimiento River is a river of Chile.
# Music in High Places

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
Music in High Places is a live album by the San Diego–based rock band Unwritten Law, released in 2003 by Earth Escapes. It was recorded live for the VH1 program Music in High Places and features the band performing acoustic renditions of their songs in various natural settings in Yellowstone National Park (with the exception of "Shallow," which was recorded acoustically in the studio). The version of "Rest of My Life" from this recording was released as a music video and reached No. 16 on US modern rock charts. The album peaked at No. 134 on the Billboard 200.
Most of the songs performed are from the band's preceding two albums, 1998's Unwritten Law and 2002's Elva. It would be the band's final recording with founding drummer Wade Youman, who was ejected from the band shortly after, due to personal and professional issues, until he was reinstated in 2013 though he eventually quit the band again in 2019.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Scott Russo, except where noted

## Personnel
### Band

* Scott Russo – lead vocals
* Steve Morris – lead guitar, backing vocals
* Rob Brewer – rhythm guitar, backing vocals
* Pat "PK" Kim – bass guitar
* Wade Youman – drums

### Production

* Don Worsham and Wil Burston – recording engineers
* John Alagia and Jeff Juliano – mixing
* Peter Harding – additional engineering and editing
* Baraka – Pro Tools

### Artwork

* Jeff Nicholas and Marco Orozco – cover design and art direction
* Spencer Thornton and Steve Simmons – photography

## Chart positions

Singles - Billboard (North America)
| Year | Single | Chart | Position |
| 2003 | "Rest of My Life" | Modern Rock Tracks | 16 |
# Trichoformosomyia

Trichoformosomyia is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Trichoformosomyia abbreviata Tachi, 2013
* Trichoformosomyia notata Richter, 1999
* Trichoformosomyia sauteri Baranov, 1934
# Tourret

Tourret is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Alain Tourret (born 1947), French politician
* Charles Gilbert Tourret (1795–1858), French agronomist and politician
* Christian Tourret (born 1946), French athlete
* Philippe Tourret (born 1967), French athlete
* Pierre Tourret (1919–1991), French army officer
# Trocano

Trocano (tɾoˈkɐnu) is a Brazilian thermobaric weapon similar in design to the United States' MOAB weapon or Russia's FOAB. Like the US weapon, the Trocano is designed to be pallet-loaded into a C-130 Hercules - "Hércules" (ˈɛʁkuleʃ) - aircraft, and deployed using a parachute to drag it from the C-130's cargo bay and separate from its pallet, at which point the bomb's own aerodynamics determine its drop trajectory.
The project began in 2004. It was under request of EMAER (Estado Maior da Aeronáutica - Military Staff of Aeronautics) and DIRMAB (Diretoria de Material Aeronáutico e Bélico - Board of Aeronautical and Military Equipment) that the IAE (Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço - Institute of Aeronautics and Space) started the Trocano project.
Due to its destructive power it is described as a defense system to be used in the interdiction of large areas and to possibly clear the tree-dense terrain for landing of rotary-wing aircraft.
The Trocano contains 9,000 kg of tritonal, producing a total destruction blast radius of 1 kilometre (0.62 mi). Despite this, Trocano places third on blast yield behind both the US (containing 8,150 kg of H6 explosive, more powerful than tritonal) and the Russian weapon (with 11,000 kg of explosive). Thus receiving the nickname "Mother of all Brazilian bombs" or "Brazilian MOAB".
The Brazilian Air Force confirmed the development of the bomb in 2011. In the Activities Report document, it is confirmed that Trocano received the "Certificação de Produto Aeronáutico Aprovado" (Certification of Approved Aeronautic Product), which meant that "all the requirements have been fulfilled". It also received the "Certificado de Integração à Aeronave C-130" (Certification of Integration to Airship C-130), signifying its possible usage in the Air Force Hercules airships - that carry the same name as the Greek legendary hero Hercules.
The project was conducted under the Brazilian norms NBR 15100 (regulating airspace system quality), making IAE the first public institution in Brazil to receive the certification NBR 15100:2004. The serial production was said to be defrayed by EMAER and passed on to the national industry. The certifications attained by the project served as an important achievement by the IAE to attest their quality management.
# Osteobrama cunma

Osteobrama cunma is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish from the carp and minnow family, the Cyprinidae. It occurs in the drainage of the River Chindwin in Manipur, India and Myanmar. It was formerly considered a subspecies of the more widespread Osteobrama cotio.
This species has a deep, laterally compressed body with a steep dorsal profile. 48 scales on the lateral line with 9 scale rows between the base of the dorsal fin and the lateral line and 8 scale rows between the pelvic fin and the lateral line. It has a ventral keel which runs from the origin of the pelvic fin to the anal fin, being rounded in front of the pelvic fin. It is silvery in colour shading to olive dorsally.
# Östavall

Östavall (Swedish pronunciation:) is a locality situated in Ånge Municipality, Västernorrland County, Sweden with 222 inhabitants in 2010.

## Sports

The following sports clubs are located in Östavall:
* Östavalls IF
# Micropterix zangheriella

Micropterix zangheriella is a species of moth belonging to the family Micropterigidae. It was described by John Heath in 1963. It is only known from the northern Apennines and has been found only in the Emilia-Romagna so far.
The habitat consists of clearings and edges of beech- and mixed beech-forests with well structured underwoods.
The length of the forewings is 3,85 mm for males and 4,3–5 mm for females.
# NY-1

NY-1 or NY 1 may refer to:
* NY1, a local 24-hour cable news television channel
* Consolidated NY-1, an aircraft
* New York's 1st congressional district
* U.S. Route 1 in New York
* New York State Route 1 (1924–1927), a previous designation for the portion of U.S. Route 1 in New York
# Tourrenquets

Tourrenquets (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Gers department in southwestern France.
# The Islands (Elgar)

Please note that under English Law the works of Alfred Noyes are copyright until 1st January 2029. Therefore we are unable to print the words of this song. "The Islands" is a poem written by Alfred Noyes, and set to music by the English composer Edward Elgar. It was one of the songs (collectively known as the "Pageant of Empire") written to be performed in the Pageant of Empire at the British Empire Exhibition on 21 July 1924.
The song is subtitled "A Song of New Zealand". It describes in two verses the atmosphere of the islands and the ties with the motherland.
Elgar used the same music for four other songs in the set: "Sailing Westward", "Gloriana" (Queen Elizabeth I), "The Cape of Good Hope" (for South Africa) and "Indian Dawn".
This song was arranged by the composer as an accompanied part-song for SATB.
# Food Safety Initiative

The Food Safety Initiative is an interagency initiative begun under the Clinton administration in 1997 to coordinate the activities of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), and the Department of Agriculture (USDA) Food Safety and Inspection Service to reduce the annual incidence of foodborne illness.
# Triple Glaciers

Triple Glaciers are in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming, United States. The glaciers are disconnected from each other and occupy three separate cirques on the northwest face of Mount Moran and northeast of Thor Peak. The glaciers are unofficially referred to as East, Middle and West Triple Glacier.
# Osteobrama bakeri

Osteobrama bakeri is a species of ray-finned fish in the genus Osteobrama. It is endemic to streams in the southern Western Ghats of Kerala where it has been recorded from the rivers Chaliyar ; Periyar, Chalakudy, Karuvannur, Muvattupuzha, Meenachil, Manimala, Chandragiri, Bharathapuzha, Pamba, Kallada and Achenkovil.

## Footnotes

* 1 2 Ali, A.; Raghavan, R. (2011). "Osteobrama bakeri". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2011: e.T172421A6888759. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T172421A6888759.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
* Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Osteobrama bakeri". FishBase.
* This Cyprininae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Nipper (disambiguation)

Nipper was the dog model for the painting His Late Master's Voice.
Nipper or Nippers may also refer to:
* Nipper (Canadian comics), a comic strip by Doug Wright between 1949 and 1967
* Nipper (comics), a British comic book
* Chela (organ), a grasping structure on the limb of a crustacean or other arthropods
* Nipper (tool), a tool used to remove small amounts of a hard material
* Nippers, young surf lifesavers
* Tipsy Nipper, a light aircraft
* Jim "Nipper" Bradford (1926–2005), Australian rules footballer
* William "Nipper" Truscott (1886–1966), Australian rules footballer
* Nipper's Harbour, a community in Newfoundland & Labrador, Canada
* Nipper Building, an apartment block in New Jersey, USA
People with the surname Nipper:
* Al Nipper (born 1959), Major League Baseball coach
* Zack Nipper, American artist
# Miedke

Miedke or Miedtke is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Carl Miedke (1773-1839), German actor, director and playwright, husband of Charlotte and Wilhelmine
* Charlotte Miedke (1781-1806), German singer and actor, first wife of Carl
* Wilhelmine Miedke or Wilhelmine Aschenbrenner (1795-after 1834), German actress, second wife of Carl
* Friedrich Georg Leonhard Miedke (1803-1842), German actor, son of Carl and Charlotte
* Karl August Miedke or Karl August Krebs (1804-1880), German pianist, composer, conductor and Kapellmeister, son of Carl and Charlotte
* Anna Miedke or Anna Fischer-Maraffa (1806-1866), German operatic soprano, daughter of Carl and Charlotte
* Carl Miedke, member of Sam the Sham's 1961 American group The Pharaohs
# NFFF

NFFF may refer to:
* National Fantasy Fan Federation, science fiction fan organization founded in 1941
* National Federation of Fish Friers, British trade association
* National Fallen Firefighters Foundation, American organization
# Frew

Frew may refer to;

## People
### Given name

* Frew McMillan, a professional male tennis player from South Africa

### Surname

* Frew (surname)

## Other

* Frew, Kentucky
* Frew, West Virginia
* Frew River, the Northern Territory of Australia
* Bridge of Frew, Ford of Frew, North Mid Frew, South Mid Frew, Wester Frew. Area on the upper River Forth west of Stirling, Scotland.
* Frew Publications, publishes Lee Falk's The Phantom comic in Australia
# Eugene T. Maleska

Eugene Thomas Maleska (January 6, 1916 – August 3, 1993) was an American crossword puzzle constructor and editor. He edited The New York Times crossword puzzle from 1977 to 1993.

## Early life and education career

Maleska was born on January 6, 1916, in Jersey City. He graduated from Regis High School in New York City. He received his bachelor's and master's degrees from Montclair State College and began his career teaching Latin and English at a junior high school in Palisades Park, New Jersey.
Eugene moved to Frederick Douglass Junior High School in Manhattan in 1940 as an English teacher. In 1946 he became an assistant to the principal at P.S. 169, then principal at P.S. 192 in the early 1950s. He took a yearlong sabbatical to attend Harvard University, where he earned a doctorate in education. He then was the principal at J.H.S. 164 from 1955 to 1958. From 1962 to 1967, he was an assistant superintendent of schools in District 8 in the Bronx. He then spent three years as an associate director of the Center for Urban Education before returning as the superintendent of District 8. He was the only person to have a New York City public school named for him during his lifetime: Intermediate School 174 in the Bronx, dedicated in 1973, the year he retired as superintendent.
Eugene T. Maleska was an amateur poet and published a book of poems, Sun & Shadows, in 1961.

## Puzzling career

Before Maleska became crossword editor, The New York Times published dozens of crosswords that he had submitted as a freelance contributor. He became editor in 1977, replacing Will Weng. Besides numerous collections of puzzles, Maleska also published Maleska's Favorite Word Games and A Pleasure in Words, which included a chapter on constructing crossword puzzles. As an editor, Maleska preferred references from the classics to more familiar material. He often wrote famously mean rejection letters to aspiring constructors. In 1993, Maleska was succeeded by Will Shortz, who remains editor to this day.

## Personal life

He married Jean and had two children: Merryl Maleska Wilbur and Gary Maleska. Maleska married Annrea (Neill) Sutton on February 9, 1985, in Barnstable, Massachusetts. They divorced at some point and Maleska married Carol Atkinson as his third wife on March 11, 1992. Carol had previously been married. Maleska died in Daytona Beach, Florida in 1993 of throat cancer. He also had a home in Wareham, Massachusetts.
# Tour de Ratières

The Tour de Ratières, built in the commune of Ratières in the north of the Drôme département of France, is a medieval tower once the keep of a castle. Approximately 15 metres (49.2 ft) high and hexagonal in plan, it overlooks the village and the surrounding plain.

## History

The Tour de Ratières is a Carolingian tower protected as a monument historique since 21 October 1926 by the French Ministry of Culture.
Excavations in 1993, at the time of important renovations, confirmed the existence of an earlier occupation of the site, possibly a motte-and-bailey castle.

## Architecture

The castle was organised around a 14th-century octagonal keep, notable for various features designed for comfort, traces of which can be discerned on the interior walls. The present ground floor was a cellar or prison. Access to the building was made on the first floor, where there are still traces of a fireplace and chimney. The second floor has a well-preserved latrine, and the third floor has large windows which could have functioned as lookout. The coussièges (window seats) would have been occupied by those keeping a watch over the comings and goings.
The castle is perched on a hillock and dominates a lower courtyard containing:
* in the west, the "farm", a medieval two-storey building used as a stable;
* in the east, a house built in the 19th century by adding walls to the ruins of two phases on earlier construction and a barn

## Garden

The castle has a garden designed by Paolo Tonini and created in 1993. Decorated with contemporary sculptures, visitors may, over an area of 5 hectares, see different gardens: an alley of rose trees, a medieval garden, rose garden, perennials garden, Italian garden.
# Eupithecia discordans

Eupithecia discordans is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is found in Costa Rica.
# Food Science and Technology International

Food Science and Technology International is a bi-monthly peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes scholarly articles in the field of food science. The journal was established in 1995, and is currently published by SAGE Publications in association with the Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC).

## Scope

The journal publishes articles covering: food processing, nutritional quality, engineering composition, biotechnology, quality, safety, physical properties, microstructure, microbiology, sensory analysis, packaging, bioprocessing and postharvest technology.

## Abstracting and indexing

Food Science and Technology International is abstracted and indexed in Scopus, and the Science Citation Index Expanded. According to the Journal Citation Reports, its 2022 impact factor is 2.5.