OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI

The Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI(Av) was a very large bomber (Riesenflugzeug), designed and built in Germany during 1918.

## Development

The R.XVI, an incremental improvement to the Zeppelin-Staaken R.VI, was one of a series of large bombers called Riesenflugzeuge, intended to be less vulnerable than dirigibles in use at the time. The R.XVI had four engines in a push-pull configuration, mounted in nacelles large enough for some inflight maintenance by flight mechanics, housed in nacelles between the engines.
Three aircraft were ordered to be completed by Automobil & Aviatik A.G., at Leipzig-Heiterblick. Only two R.XVIs were completed and only one of these, (R.49), flew before the Armistice on 11 November 1918. The third R.XVI (R.51) was 3/4 complete at the Armistice but was never completed.

## Operational history

Flight testing was carried out by R.49 during the war from September 1918, until a landing accident in October caused significant damage which was unlikely to have been repaired. The second aircraft, (R.50), was completed in 1919 as a civilian airliner, continuing the flight test programme until being flown to Döberitz for storage in November 1919.

## Specifications (Zeppelin-Staaken R.XVI(Av))

Data from
General characteristics
* Crew: seven
* Length: 22.5 m (73 ft 10 in)
* Wingspan: 42.2 m (138 ft 5 in)
* Height: 6.5 m (21 ft 4 in)
* Wing area: 340 m$^2$ (3,700 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 10,400 kg (22,928 lb)
* Gross weight: 14,650 kg (32,298 lb)
* Powerplant: 2 × Benz Bz.VI (pusher) V-12 water-cooled piston engines, 400 kW (530 hp) each
* Powerplant: 2 × Benz Bz.IV (tractor) 6-cyl. water-cooled in-line piston engines, 160 kW (220 hp) each
* Propellers: 2-bladed fixed-pitch wooden tractor and pusher propellers
Performance
* Maximum speed: 130 km/h (81 mph, 70 kn)
* Cruise speed: 135 km/h (84 mph, 73 kn)
* Range: 800 km (500 mi, 430 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 3,710 m (12,170 ft)
Armament
* Guns: Provision for nose, dorsal, ventral and two upper-wing machine-gun positions
# H. E. Stratford

H. E. Stratford was an Australian cricketer who played for Victoria.
Stratford made a single first-class appearance for the team, during the 1853–54 season, against Tasmania. From the tail end, he scored 2 not out in the first innings in which he batted, and a duck in the second.
# Bidirectional recurrent neural networks

Bidirectional recurrent neural networks (BRNN) connect two hidden layers of opposite directions to the same output. With this form of generative deep learning, the output layer can get information from past (backwards) and future (forward) states simultaneously. Invented in 1997 by Schuster and Paliwal, BRNNs were introduced to increase the amount of input information available to the network. For example, multilayer perceptron (MLPs) and time delay neural network (TDNNs) have limitations on the input data flexibility, as they require their input data to be fixed. Standard recurrent neural network (RNNs) also have restrictions as the future input information cannot be reached from the current state. On the contrary, BRNNs do not require their input data to be fixed. Moreover, their future input information is reachable from the current state.
BRNN are especially useful when the context of the input is needed. For example, in handwriting recognition, the performance can be enhanced by knowledge of the letters located before and after the current letter.

## Architecture

The principle of BRNN is to split the neurons of a regular RNN into two directions, one for positive time direction (forward states), and another for negative time direction (backward states). Those two states' output are not connected to inputs of the opposite direction states. The general structure of RNN and BRNN can be depicted in the right diagram. By using two time directions, input information from the past and future of the current time frame can be used unlike standard RNN which requires the delays for including future information.

## Training

BRNNs can be trained using similar algorithms to RNNs, because the two directional neurons do not have any interactions. However, when back-propagation through time is applied, additional processes are needed because updating input and output layers cannot be done at once. General procedures for training are as follows: For forward pass, forward states and backward states are passed first, then output neurons are passed. For backward pass, output neurons are passed first, then forward states and backward states are passed next. After forward and backward passes are done, the weights are updated.

## Applications

Applications of BRNN include :
* Speech Recognition (Combined with Long short-term memory)
* Translation
* Handwritten Recognition
* Industrial Soft sensor
* Protein Structure Prediction
* Part-of-speech tagging
* Dependency Parsing
* Entity Extraction
# Hickiwan, Arizona

Hickiwan is a populated place situated in Pima County, Arizona, United States. It has been known by a plethora of names over the years, such as Hikibon, Hikiro, Hikjorn, Hikuwan, Jiquibo, Kokuli, Milpitas, Perigua, Periqua, Piriqua, and Tachitoa. The name was officially recognized as Hickiwan by a decision of the Board on Geographic Names in 1941. It has an estimated elevation of 2,198 feet (670 m) above sea level.
Vaya Chin, also historically known as South Well during the 1930s, is located at Hickiwan. The name is derived from the O'odham term vaya chin, meaning "well's mouth".
# San Miguel, Arizona

San Miguel is a census-designated place in Pima County, in the U.S. state of Arizona. The population was 207 as of the 2020 census. San Miguel is located near the border with Mexico on the Tohono O'odham Nation reservation.

## Demographics

At the 2020 census there were 207 people, 59 households, and 43 families living in the CDP. The population density was 37 people per square mile. There were 82 housing units.
The median household income was $22,106. The per capita income for the CDP was $11,430.

## Education

It is in the Indian Oasis-Baboquivari Unified School District.
# Pisinemo, Arizona

Pisinemo (O'odham: Pisin Moʼo, lit. 'Buffalo Head') is a census-designated place (CDP) in Pima County, Arizona, United States. The population was 340 as of the 2020 census.

## Geography

The village of Pisinemo is located at 32°2′28″N 112°18′52″W﻿ / ﻿32.04111°N 112.31444°W﻿ / 32.04111; -112.31444 (32.041078, -112.314459).
The name Pisinemo is actually a failed attempt by the Motor Vehicle Division to put the traditional name of Pisin Mo'o onto road side signs along Highway 86 which runs through the Tohono O'odham Nation. Pisin Mo'o is Tohono O'odham for "Buffalo Head".
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 1.7 square miles (4.4 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

At the 2000 census there were 340 people, 85 households, and 61 families living in the CDP. The population density was 150 inhabitants per square mile (58/km$^2$). There were 122 housing units at an average density of 51.9 per square mile (20.0/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 98% Native American and 2% White. 2% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. Of the 70 households 36% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 23% were married couples living together, 31% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31% were non-families. 29% of households were one person and 9% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 3.4 and the average family size was 4.1.
The age distribution was 34% under the age of 18, 13% from 18 to 24, 24% from 25 to 44, 22% from 45 to 64, and 7% 65 or older. The median age was 28 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.0 males.
The median household income was $17,826 and the median family income was $17,917. Males had a median income of $0 versus $28,750 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $7,920. About 49% of families and 50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 46% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those sixty five or over.

## Education

It is in the Indian Oasis-Baboquivari Unified School District.

## Notable people

* Gabriella Cázares-Kelly (born 1982), educator, community organizer, and politician
# 23rd Canadian Ministry

The Twenty-Third Canadian Ministry was the cabinet chaired by Prime Minister John Turner. It governed Canada from 30 June 1984 to 17 September 1984, including only the last nine days of the 32nd Canadian Parliament. The government was formed by the Liberal Party of Canada.

## Ministers

All cabinet held their post through the 80 days of the Ministry.
| Portfolio | Minister |
| Prime Minister | John Turner |
| Deputy Prime Minister | Jean Chrétien |
| Secretary of State for External Affairs - responsible for Canadian International Development Agency - responsible for La Francophonie | Jean Chrétien |
| Minister of Agriculture - responsible for the Canadian Dairy Commission | Ralph Ferguson |
| Minister of Communications | Ed Lumley |
| Minister of Regional Industrial Expansion Minister of State for Science and Technology | Ed Lumley |
| Minister of Consumer and Corporate Affairs and Registrar General - responsible for the Metric Commission - responsible for Canada Post Corporation - responsible for the Standards Council of Canada | Judy Erola |
| Minister of State for Social Development - responsible for the Status of Women | Judy Erola |
| Minister of Employment and Immigration | John Roberts |
| Minister of Energy, Mines, and Resources | Gerald Regan |
| Minister of the Environment | Charles Caccia |
| Minister of Finance | Marc Lalonde |
| Minister of Fisheries and Oceans | Herb Breau |
| Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development | Doug Frith |
| Minister of International Trade | Francis Fox |
| Minister of Justice and Attorney General | Don Johnston |
| Minister of Labour | André Ouellet |
| President of the Privy Council Leader of the Government in the House of Commons (parliamentary title) | André Ouellet |
| Minister of State for Economic and Regional Development role terminated effective September 1, 1984 by proclamation | André Ouellet |
| Minister of National Defence - responsible for Defence Construction Canada | Jean-Jacques Blais |
| Minister of National Health and Welfare | Monique Bégin |
| Minister of National Revenue | Roy MacLaren |
| Minister of Public Works - responsible for the National Capital Commission - responsible for the Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation - responsible for the Royal Canadian Mint Minister of Supply and Services and Receiver General | Charles Lapointe |
| Secretary of State for Canada | Serge Joyal |
| Solicitor General | Bob Kaplan |
| Minister of Transport | Lloyd Axworthy |
| Minister responsible for the Canadian Wheat Board | Lloyd Axworthy |
| President of the Treasury Board | Herb Gray |
| Minister of Veterans Affairs | Bennett Campbell |
| Leader of the Government in the Senate | Allan MacEachen |
| Minister of State (Regional Development) | Rémi Bujold |
| Minister of State (Multiculturalism) | David Collenette |
| Minister of State (Fitness and Amateur Sport) Minister of State (Youth) | Jean Lapierre |
| Minister of State (Mines) | Bill Rompkey |
| Minister of State (Transport) | Bill Rompkey |
| Minister of State (Small Businesses and Tourism) | David Smith |
# Wesley Grapp

Wesley Gleason Grapp (1918 – November 1, 2011) was an American FBI agent. He served as head of the Los Angeles Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) office. He was the agent who carried out Hoover's orders to give FBI information to University of California senior regent Edwin W. Pauley. Pauley allegedly had a history of political connections with the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), forerunner of today's CIA, as well as a close association with Allen Dulles, OSS, later to serve as director of the Central Intelligence Agency, (1953–1961).

## Biography

Wesley Gleason Grapp was born in Aberdeen, South Dakota, on October 19, 1918. He left the FBI in 1972 after 26 years of service and headed security for Flying Tigers Airlines until his retirement in 1982. During World War II, he served in the U.S. Navy in the Pacific Theatre. Grapp died of natural causes in Calabasas, California, on November 1, 2011, at the age of 93.
# Rio Raj

Rio Raj is an Indian actor and video jockey, who has appeared in Tamil language films and television. Often working on shows by network Star Vijay, and Sun Music. He was listed by the Chennai Times as the ninth most "Desirable Man on Television 2020“. before moving to work in Tamil cinema.

## Career

Rio Raj started his career as an actor in Star Vijay's 2013 television drama Kana Kaanum Kalangal Kalloori Saalai, a spin-off of its Kana Kaanum Kaalangal series. He later moved to work with Sun Music as a video jockey, hosting day-time shows such as Kaloorikalam, Suda Suda Chennai, and Free Ah Vidu among others. He later returned to Star Vijay by portraying the lead role in the third season of the drama, Saravanan Meenatchi between 2016 and 2018.
Following a supporting role in Sathriyan (2017), Raj appeared in his first lead role in a feature film through the comedy drama, Nenjamundu Nermaiyundu Odu Raja (2019), produced by actor Sivakarthikeyan. The film opened to mixed reviews, with a critic noting he makes a "decent debut". His next film Plan Panni Pannanum, another comedy drama, was delayed by the coronavirus pandemic. In October 2020, he participated in Bigg Boss (Tamil season 4). He was listed by the Chennai Times as the ninth most "Desirable Man on Television 2020“.

## Filmography
### As actor
#### Film

Film performances :
| Year | Title | Role |
| 2017 | Sathriyan | Guna's friend |
| 2019 | Nenjamundu Nermaiyundu Odu Raja | Shiva |
| 2021 | Plan Panni Pannanum | Sembi |
| 2023 | Broken Script | Thambi Durai |
| 2023 | Joe | Joe |
| 2025 | Niram Marum Ulagil | Athiyan |
| 2025 | Sweetheart! | Vasu |

#### Television

Television stint :
| Year | Title | Role | Network | Notes |
| 2011–2012 | Kana Kaanum Kaalangal – Kaloori Saalai | Pazhani | Star Vijay | |
| 2016–2018 | Saravanan Meenatchi (Season 3) | Saravanan | Star Vijay | Lead Role |
| 2016–2018 | Jodi Number One (Season 9) | Contestant | Star Vijay | 3rd Runner-Up |
| 2017–2019 | Ready Steady Po Season 1 & 2 | Host | Star Vijay | |
| 2017–2018 | Wife Kaila Life | Host | Star Vijay | |
| 2018 | Jodi Number One Fun Unlimited | Host | Star Vijay | |
| 2018 | Bigg Boss Season 2 Kondattam | Host | Star Vijay | Special Show |
| 2019 | Bigg Boss Tamil Season 3 | Guest | Star Vijay | |
| 2019–2020 | Dancing Super Stars | Host | Star Vijay | |
| 2020 | 90s Kids vs 2k Kids | Host | Star Vijay | Special Show |
| 2020–2021 | Bigg Boss Tamil Season 4 | Contestant | Star Vijay | 2nd Runner-Up |
| 2021 | Varutha Padatha Valibar Sangam | Host | Star Vijay | Special Show for 6th Annual Vijay Television Awards |
| 2021 | Ready Steady Po Reloaded | Host | Star Vijay | Special Show |
| 2024 | Jodi Are U Ready | Co-Host | Star Vijay | |

### As lyricist

| Year | Title | Song | Composer | Singer | Ref. |
| 2023 | Joe | "Kovai Kulira" | Siddhu Kumar | Vineeth Sreenivasan | |
| 2025 | Sweetheart! | "Amma Song" | Yuvan Shankar Raja | Yuvan Shankar Raja, Sai Vignesh | |
# Patrick Walsh (investor)

Patrick Walsh (born December 26, 1975) is an American entrepreneur and investor. He is the founder and CEO of PW Partners, LLC, an investment management firm.

## Early life and education

Walsh was born in San Diego, California, to a US Navy officer and a teacher. He initially attended Wesleyan University, studying Economics and participating as a dual-sport athlete in football and baseball. After an injury ended his sports career, he transferred to Boston College and graduated with a degree in accounting in 1998. After graduation, he earned the Chartered Financial Analyst designation. He completed Columbia University’s Executive Value Investing Program in 2004.

## Early business career

Walsh worked from 1998 to 2004 at Prudential Capital Group and Prudential Securities in real estate private equity and equity research; from 2004 to 2008 at Deutsche Bank as an investment banker and at Oak Street Capital, a private hedge fund based in Chicago from 2008 to 2011.
In 2012, Walsh founded PW Partners, LLC, an investment management firm. A 2014 article in Restaurant Finance Monitor stated that "each of the chains with which he has become involved has thrived on Wall Street in his wake." Walsh was a member of BJ’s Restaurants' board from 2014 to 2022 and has also served on the boards of Del Taco and Famous Dave’s.
In 2018 Walsh won the New York region of the 2018 Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award.

## Town Sports International Holdings

In September 2016 Walsh became Chief Executive Officer of Town Sports International Holdings, operator of gyms under several brands including New York Sports Clubs.
Town Sports International made several acquisitions during Walsh's tenure, including in September 2017 acquiring the Lucille Roberts brand, an all woman's fitness chain. In December 2017, Town acquired the luxury brand TMPL and in early 2018 the Company acquired Total Woman, an all women's fitness chain based in California. Since taking over as CEO Walsh has overseen acquisitions of more than 30 clubs.
As of 2022, Walsh had left the restructured company (now called New York Sports Clubs), which had closed or sold 117 clubs after its 2020 Chapter 11 bankruptcy filing.

## Later Career

In 2022, Walsh was revealed as a major investor in former President Donald Trump’s Truth Social.
As of 2024, Walsh is the CEO of Empire Group Investments, which operates gyms under the TMPL, Palm Beach Sports Club, and LIV brands.
# Wayne Colman

Wayne Charles Colman (born April 13, 1946) is an American former professional football linebacker who played nine seasons in the National Football League (NFL) for the Philadelphia Eagles and New Orleans Saints. He played college football at Temple University.
A native of Ventnor, Colman played at Atlantic City High School and played in college for the Temple Owls football team.
# Neil Wilson (figure skater)

Neil Wilson (born 26 June 1978) is a British former competitive figure skater. He is a three-time British national champion in men's singles (1997, 2000, and 2003) and reached the free skate at nine ISU Championships – two World Championships, four European Championships, and three World Junior Championships.

## Career

Wilson began skating at age eight after a rink opened near his home. He competed at three World Junior Championships, achieving his best result, sixth, in 1997 in Seoul, South Korea. He also competed at four World Championships – best result: 20th at the 1996 Worlds in Edmonton, Alberta — and four European Championships, obtaining his best result, 13th, at the 1999 Europeans in Prague, Czech Republic. Wilson defeated Steven Cousins to win the 1997 British Championships, held in November 1996. He would go on to win two more senior national titles.
In 1997, Wilson entered the Guinness Book of World Records for the most rotations in an upright spin — he performed a forward scratch spin with 60 uninterrupted rotations. His coaches included Philip and Sue Walsh and then Kevin Bursey in Ayr, Scotland. In June 2001, he moved to Vancouver, British Columbia, where his coach became Joanne McLeod.
Wilson retired from competition after the 2004 World Championships in Dortmund. He became a figure skating coach and choreographer at the BC Center of Excellence in Burnaby, British Columbia. He has worked with Kevin Reynolds, Jeremy Ten, and Kelsey Wong.

## Programmes

| Season | Short programme | Free skating |
| 2002–2003 | Quixote by Magnus Fiennes performed by Bond | Concerto for Violin and Orchestra in E Minor by Julius Conus performed by the Russian National Orchestra |
| 2000–2001 | Sikuriadas by Incantation | Piano Concerto No. 3 by Sergei Rachmaninoff (from Shine) |

## Competitive highlights

GP: Champions Series/Grand Prix
International :
| Event | 93–94 | 94–95 | 95–96 | 96–97 | 97–98 | 98–99 | 99–00 | 00–01 | 02–03 | 03–04 |
| Worlds | | | 20th | | | 33rd | | 26th | | 23rd |
| Europeans | | | 16th | 15th | | 13th | | | 14th | |
| GP Skate Canada | | | | | 9th | | 11th | | | |
| Finlandia Trophy | | | | | | | | 13th | 8th | |
| Golden Spin | | | | | | | | | | 5th |
| Nebelhorn Trophy | | | | | | | 9th | | | |
| Skate Israel | | | | | | 13th | | | | |
| International: Junior ||||||||||||
| Junior Worlds | | 12th | 10th | 6th | | | | | | |
| Blue Swords | | 8th J. | 5th J. | | | | | | | |
| EYOF | | 8th J. | | | | | | | | |
| National ||||||||||||
| British Champ. | 1st J. | 5th | 2nd | 1st | 2nd | | 1st | 2nd | 1st | 2nd |
| J. = Junior level ||||||||||||
# Alan Street

Alan Street (born 17 April 1982) is a British former competitive figure skater. He is the 2001 British national champion in men's singles. He competed at four World Junior Championships, achieving his best result, sixth, in 2001 (Sofia, Bulgaria). He also appeared at one senior international, the 2001 European Championships, where he placed 28th. He trained in Blackburn and Ayr.

## Programs

| Season | Short program | Free skating |
| 2000–2001 | The Mask of Zorro by James Horner performed by the London Philharmonic Orchestra | Gladiator by Hans Zimmer and Lisa Gerrard |

## Competitive highlights

JGP: Junior Series / Junior Grand Prix
International :
| Event | 95–96 | 96–97 | 97–98 | 98–99 | 99–00 | 00–01 |
| European Champ. | | | | | | 28th |
| International: Junior |||||||
| World Junior Champ. | | 26th | 13th | | 17th | 6th |
| JGP France | | | 10th | | | |
| JGP Germany | | | 11th | | | |
| JGP Netherlands | | | | | 2nd | |
| JGP Norway | | | | | | 4th |
| JGP Sweden | | | | | 5th | |
| JGP Ukraine | | | | | | 7th |
| EYOF | | 9th | | 6th | | |
| Blue Swords | | 16th J | | | | |
| Gardena | 9th J | | | | | |
| National |||||||
| British Champ. | 1st J | 1st J | 1st J | 4th | 2nd | 1st |
| J = Junior level |||||||
# Ligularia fischeri

Ligularia fischeri, known as gomchwi, Fischer's ragwort, or Fischer's leopard plant, is a species in the genus Ligularia (family Asteraceae). It is native to east Asia. Part of the plant's name commemorates the late 19th century German explorer of East Africa Gustav Fischer.

## Description

Ligularia fischeri is a clump-forming herbaceous perennial and can grow up to 2 m (6 ft 7 in) tall. It has coarsely toothed, kidney-shaped light green basal leaves, up to 40 cm (16 in) across, on long stalks, the stem leaves smaller and on shorter stalks. The in midsummer, it has racemes of up to 75 cm (30 in) long of yellow flowerheads, 5 cm (2 in) across. Later after it has bloomed, it produces a seed capsule, with seeds with downy hairs which are tinged brown or purple.

## Culinary use
### Korea

In Korean cuisine, the leaves of gomchwi along with other chwinamul varieties are often used as the main ingredient of herbal side dishes called namul. Gomchwi can be eaten pickled as jangajji or kimchi, and eaten fresh as a ssam (wrap) vegetable.
* Gomchwi-jangajji (pickled gomchwi)