# List of asteroid close approaches to Earth

This is a list of examples where an asteroid or meteoroid travels close to the Earth. Some of these objects are regarded as potentially hazardous objects if they are estimated to be large enough to cause regional devastation. This list also gives an overview of more detailed lists dedicated to specific years, such as List of asteroid close approaches to Earth in 2025.
Near-Earth object detection technology began to improve around 1998, so objects being detected as of 2004 could have been missed only a decade earlier due to a lack of dedicated near-Earth astronomical surveys. As sky surveys improve, smaller and smaller asteroids are regularly being discovered. As smaller asteroids are more numerous, ever more close approaches are detected within a given distance. In 2014, scientists estimated that several dozen asteroids in the 6–12 m (20–39 ft) size range fly by Earth at a distance closer than the Moon every year, but only a fraction of these are actually detected.

## Definitions

The lists below are based on the close approach database of the Center for Near-Earth Object Studies (CNEOS), in its state as of 27 February 2025. The database lists any approaches with a minimum distance less than 0.2 astronomical units (AU) from 1900 and until a century into the future which have been derived by orbit calculations. This includes some close approaches a full orbit or more before or after the object has been observed.
The distance calculated for an approach has an uncertainty, the magnitude of which depends on the amount, length in time and quality of observations used, the extrapolation time from the observations, and perturbations by other objects along the predicted orbit. The uncertainty is usually characterised by the 3-sigma uncertainty region, which is the nominal close approach distance plus or minus three times the standard deviation, and includes 99.7% of the probability distribution. For predicted close approaches in the future, if Earth is near the uncertainty region or intersects it, an impact risk is calculated. Confirmed impacts, however, aren't considered close approaches and are excluded from the CNEOS close approach database. Asteroids whose detection in space led to predicted impacts on Earth are listed separately, as are the hundreds of other objects that collided with Earth's atmosphere which were not discovered in advance but were observed visually or recorded by sensors designed to detect detonation of nuclear devices. The CNEOS list also does not include Earth-grazers, objects that enter Earth's atmosphere at a very shallow angle and leave it again without burning up completely, but they are listed separately below. Although Earth's atmosphere thins out continuously with distance from Earth's surface, the nominal limit of space is the Kármán line, which is 100 km (62 mi) above sea level.

## Timeline of closest approaches ever observed

The list below shows all approaches by potentially hazardous objects (objects which can approach Earth within 0.05 AU) without atmospheric contact which have been the closest ever observed at some point in time, from the discovery of the first such object to the record holder, as of February 2025.
| Date of closest approach | Nominal geocentric distance | Nominal geocentric distance | Nominal geocentric distance | Object | Size (m) (approximate) | Abs. mag. | Ref |
| Date of closest approach | (km) | (LD) | (AU) | Object | Size (m) (approximate) | Abs. mag. | Ref |
| 1932-05-15 | 11,220,000 | 29.189 | 0.075003 | 1862 Apollo | 1500 | 16.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 1936-02-07 | 2,217,500 | 5.769 | 0.014823 | 2101 Adonis | 600 | 18.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 1937-10-30 | 740,600 | 1.927 | 0.004951 | 69230 Hermes | 770–1700 810 | 17.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 1989-03-22 | 684,000 | 1.779 | 0.004572 | 4581 Asclepius | 190–420 | 20.7 | JPL · CAD |
| | 384,399 | 1.000 | 0.002570 | average distance to the Moon | average distance to the Moon | average distance to the Moon | average distance to the Moon |
| 1991-01-18 | 149,200 | 0.438 | 0.001124 | 1991 BA | 5.1–11 | 28.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1993-05-20 | 149,200 | 0.438 | 0.001124 | 1993 KA$_2$ | 4.2–9.4 | 29.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 1994-12-09 | 105,300 | 0.388 | 0.000997 | 1994 XM$_1$ | 6.1–14 | 28.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 2003-09-27 | 84,200 | 0.274 | 0.000704 | 2003 SQ$_{222}$ | 2.5–5.7 | 30.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 2004-03-18 | 49,100 | 0.219 | 0.000563 | 2004 FK | 14–31 | 26.4 | JPL · CAD |
| | 42,164 | 0.110 | 0.002570 | geosynchronous orbit | geosynchronous orbit | geosynchronous orbit | geosynchronous orbit |
| 2004-03-31 | 12,900 | 0.0336 | 0.0000863 | 2004 FU162 | 3.4–7.6 | 29.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 2008-10-09 | 12,540 | 0.0329 | 0.0000845 | 2008 TS26 | 0.61–1.4 | 33.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 2011-02-04 | 11,852 | 0.0308 | 0.0000792 | 2011 CQ1 | 1.0–2.3 | 32.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 2020-08-16 | 9,317 | 0.0242 | 0.0000623 | 2020 QG | 2.8–6.2 | 29.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 2020-11-13 | 6,746 | 0.0175 | 0.0000451 | 2020 VT4 | 5.0–11 | 28.6 | JPL · CAD |
| | 6,478 | 0.01685 | 0.0000433 | Kármán line (nominal limit of the atmosphere) above the equator | Kármán line (nominal limit of the atmosphere) above the equator | Kármán line (nominal limit of the atmosphere) above the equator | Kármán line (nominal limit of the atmosphere) above the equator |
| | 6,378 | 0.01659 | 0.0000426 | equatorial radius of the Earth | equatorial radius of the Earth | equatorial radius of the Earth | equatorial radius of the Earth |

## Close approaches within one lunar distance

The average distance to the Moon (or lunar distance (LD)) is 384,399 km (238,854 mi), which is around 30 times the diameter of the Earth. The lists in this section are of close approaches in less than one LD.

### Time of discovery

The bar graphs below show the time of discovery relative to the time of the closest approach for each year. The asteroids are listed in separate list articles for each year. The statistics below only include close approaches that are evidenced by observations, thus the pre-discovery close approaches are only included if the object was found by precovery.
| Year(s) | Approaches | Total |
| 2000-2007 | 222623 | 53 |
| 2008 | 8111 | 20 |
| 2009 | 1117 | 19 |
| 2010 | 1211 | 23 |
| 2011 | 210119 | 32 |
| 2012 | 121316 | 23 |
| 2013 | 19212 | 24 |
| 2014 | 18418 | 31 |
| 2015 | 16317 | 27 |
| 2016 | 16531 | 52 |
| 2017 | 1124623 | 55 |
| 2018 | 226643 | 77 |
| 2019 | 4201047 | 81 |
| 2020 | 2261866 | 112 |
| 2021 | 1543370 | 158 |
| 2022 | 1362680 | 143 |
| 2023 | 12371362 | 115 |
| 2024 | 4581865 | 145 |
| 2025 | 112313 | 29 |
| Discovered > 1 year in advance Discovered > 7 weeks in advance Discovered > 1 week in advance Discovered up to 1 week in advance < 24 hours' warning < no warning |||

### Closest per year

From the annual lists summarized in the preceding section, these are the closest known asteroids per year that approach Earth within one lunar distance. More than one asteroid per year may be listed if its geocentric distance
The CNEOS database of close approaches lists some close approaches a full orbit or more before or after the discovery of the object, derived by orbit calculation. Until 2001 and in future years, all of these close approaches are included in the list below, but from the start of regular discoveries each year in 2001 until the current year, the list is limited to close approaches that are evidenced by observations, thus any of these pre-discovery close approaches are only included if the object was found by precovery.
Rows highlighted red indicate objects which were not discovered until after closest approach
Rows highlighted yellow indicate objects discovered less than 24 hours before closest approach
Rows left white indicate objects discovered 1–7 days before closest approach
Rows highlighted green indicate objects discovered more than one week before closest approach
Rows highlighted blue indicate objects discovered more than one year before closest approach, i.e. objects successfully cataloged on a previous orbit, rather than being detected during final approach.
| Year | Date of closest approach | Date discovered | Object | Nominal geocentric distance (in 000's km) | Nominal geocentric distance (in LD) | Size of object (in meters) | (H) | Ref |
| 2095 | 2095-09-06 | 2010-09-05 | 2010 RF12 | 51.9 | 0.135 | 5.5–12 | 28.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 2032 | 2032-08-14 | 2008-02-18 | 2008 DB | 127.4 | 0.332 | 18–41 | 25.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 2029 | 2029-04-13 | 2004-06-19 | 99942 Apophis | 38.0 | 0.096 | 340 ±40 | 19.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 2028 | 2028-06-26 | 2001-11-20 | (153814) 2001 WN5 | 248.7 | 0.647 | 932 ±11 | 18.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 2025 | 2025-01-26 | 2025-01-26 | 2025 BP$_6$ | 9.7 | 0.025 | 1.1–2.6 | 31.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 2024 | 2024-12-01 | 2024-12-01 | 2024 XA | 7.7 | 0.020 | 1.2–2.8 | 31.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 2023 | 2023-01-27 | 2023-01-21 | 2023 BU | 10.0 | 0.026 | 3.1–6.9 | 29.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 2022 | 2022-03-25 | 2022-03-24 | 2022 FD1 | 14.8 | 0.039 | 1.6–3.7 | 31.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 2021 | 2021-10-25 | 2021-10-25 | 2021 UA1 | 9.4 | 0.025 | 1.1–2.5 | 31.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 2020 | 2020-11-13 | 2020-11-14 | 2020 VT4 | 6.7 | 0.018 | 5.0–11 | 28.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 2019 | 2019-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | 2019 UN13 | 12.6 | 0.033 | 1.1–2.4 | 32.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 2018 | 2018-10-19 | 2018-10-19 | 2018 UA | 13.7 | 0.036 | 2.4–5.4 | 30.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 2017 | 2017-04-04 | 2017-04-03 | 2017 GM | 16.3 | 0.042 | 2.8–6.2 | 29.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 2016 | 2016-02-25 | 2016-02-26 | 2016 DY$_{30}$ | 14.3 | 0.037 | 2.1–4.7 | 30.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 2015 | 2015-09-22 | 2015-09-24 | 2015 SK$_7$ | 26.6 | 0.069 | 4.4–9.9 | 28.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 2014 | 2014-06-03 | 2014-06-02 | 2014 LY21 | 20.0 | 0.052 | 4.0–9.0 | 29.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 2013 | 2013-12-23 | 2013-12-23 | 2013 YB | 27.3 | 0.071 | 1.4–3.1 | 31.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 2013 | 2013-02-15 | 2012-02-23 | 367943 Duende* | 34.1 | 0.089 | 39–86 | 24.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 2012 | 2012-05-29 | 2012-05-28 | 2012 KT42 | 20.8 | 0.054 | 4.2–9.4 | 29.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 2011 | 2011-02-04 | 2011-02-04 | 2011 CQ1 | 11.9 | 0.031 | 1.0–2.3 | 32.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 2010 | 2010-11-17 | 2010-11-16 | 2010 WA | 38.9 | 0.101 | 2.7–5.9 | 30.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 2009 | 2009-11-06 | 2009-11-06 | 2009 VA | 20.5 | 0.053 | 5.1–11 | 28.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 2008 | 2008-10-09 | 2008-10-09 | 2008 TS$_{26}$ | 12.6 | 0.033 | 0.6-1.4 | 33.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 2007 | 2007-10-17 | 2007-10-21 | 2007 UN$_{12}$ | 69.7 | 0.181 | 4.8–11 | 28.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 2006 | 2006-02-23 | 2006-02-22 | 2006 DD$_1$ | 117.5 | 0.306 | 13–30 | 26.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 2005 | 2005-11-26 | 2005-11-25 | 2005 WN$_3$ | 83.8 | 0.218 | 2.8–6.2 | 29.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 2004 | 2004-03-31 | 2004-03-31 | 2004 FU162 | 12.9 | 0.034 | 3.4–7.6 | 29.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 2003 | 2003-09-27 | 2003-09-28 | 2003 SQ$_{222}$ | 84.2 | 0.22 | 2.5–5.7 | 30.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 2002 | 2002-12-11 | 2002-12-13 | 2002 XV$_{90}$ | 117.7 | 0.31 | 23–52 | 25.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 2001 | 2001-11-08 (undetected) | 2017 | 2017 VW$_{13}$ | 120.2 | 0.31 | 200–440 | 20.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 2001 | 2001-01-15 | 2001-01-19 | 2001 BA$_{16}$ | 306.2 | 0.80 | 17–38 | 26.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 1999 | 1999-03-12 (undetected) | 2013 | 2013 EC$_{20}$ | 313.3 | 0.82 | 4.2–9.4 | 29.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 1994 | 1994-12-09 | 1994-12-09 | 1994 XM$_1$ | 105.3 | 0.27 | 6.1–14 | 28.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 1993 | 1993-05-20 | 1993-05-21 | 1993 KA$_2$ | 149.2 | 0.39 | 4.2–9.4 | 29.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 1992 | 1992-09-12 (undetected) | 2024 | 2024 RC$_{42}$ | 62.6 | 0.16 | 0.89–2.0 | 32.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 1991 | 1991-01-18 | 1991-01-18 | 1991 BA | 168.2 | 0.44 | 5.1–11 | 28.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1990 | 1990-09-19 (undetected) | 2003 | 2003 SW$_{130}$ | 205.9 | 0.54 | 4.0–9.0 | 29.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 1988 | 1988-10-15 (undetected) | 2010 | 2010 UK | 367.3 | 0.96 | 12–26 | 26.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 1987 | 1987-08-25 (undetected) | 2024 | 2024 RV$_{30}$ | 384.3 | 1.00 | 9.0–20 | 27.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 1985 | 1985-11-01 (undetected) | 2019 | 2019 VC$_{37}$ | 253.7 | 0.66 | 3.1–6.9 | 29.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 1984 | 1984-01-10 (undetected) | 2016 | 2016 TB$_{57}$ | 294.8 | 0.77 | 16–36 | 26.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 1982 | 1982-11-04 (undetected) | 2012 | 2012 TY$_{52}$ | 314.3 | 0.82 | 150–330 | 21.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 1980 | 1980-10-15 (undetected) | 2018 | 2018 RY$_1$ | 173.3 | 0.45 | 32–71 | 24.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1979 | 1979-09-02 (undetected) | 2014 | 2014 WX$_{202}$ | 334.6 | 0.87 | 3.2–7.1 | 29.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1977 | 1977-09-05 (undetected) | 2022 | 2022 QX$_4$ | 128.7 | 0.33 | 31–68 | 24.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 1976 | 1976-10-17 (undetected) | 2013 | 2013 UG$_1$ | 328.2 | 0.85 | 81–180 | 22.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1975 | 1975-07-01 (undetected) | 2021 | 2021 LD$_6$ | 117.9 | 0.31 | 9.7–22 | 27.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 1972 | 1972-03-17 (undetected) | 2021 | 2021 RP$_2$ | 91.7 | 0.24 | 2.3–5.2 | 30.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 1971 | 1971-03-19 (undetected) | 2024 | 2024 EN | 135.5 | 0.35 | 34–77 | 24.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 1970 | 1970-02-26 (undetected) | 2019 | 2019 DS$_1$ | 361.3 | 0.94 | 20–45 | 25.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1968 | 1968-04-23 (undetected) | 2008 | 2008 GD$_{110}$ | 91.7 | 0.24 | 33–75 | 24.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 1965 | 1965-10-27 (undetected) | 2005 | 2005 VL$_1$ | 340.9 | 0.89 | 14–30 | 26.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 1964 | 1964-11-07 (undetected) | 2023 | 2023 VW | 253.6 | 0.66 | 6.7–15 | 28.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 1961 | 1961-05-31 (undetected) | 2022 | 2022 KW$_4$ | 353.4 | 0.92 | 6.1–14 | 28.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 1960 | 1960-10-24 (undetected) | 2004 | 2004 UH$_1$ | 184.1 | 0.48 | 6.4–14 | 28.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 1959 | 1959-01-27 (undetected) | 2012 | 2012 BX34 | 204.2 | 0.53 | 8.0–18 | 27.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1958 | 1958-10-29 (undetected) | 2024 | 2024 UO$_5$ | 182.8 | 0.48 | 3.5–7.9 | 29.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 1957 | 1957-12-10 (undetected) | 2010 | 2010 XW$_{58}$ | 60.8 | 0.16 | 28–62 | 24.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 1955 | 1955-06-19 (undetected) | 2015 | 2015 LR$_{21}$ | 226.7 | 0.59 | 13–28 | 26.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1954 | 1954-03-13 (undetected) | 2013 | 2013 RZ$_{53}$ | 103.5 | 0.27 | 1.6–3.6 | 31.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 1953 | 1953-04-10 (undetected) | 2019 | 2019 GK$_{21}$ | 202.6 | 0.53 | 19–43 | 31.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 1952 | 1952-10-23 (undetected) | 2009 | 2009 UU$_1$ | 260.1 | 0.68 | 31–68 | 31.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 1949 | 1949-01-01 (undetected) | 2003 | 2003 YS$_{70}$ | 258.6 | 0.67 | 4.0–9.0 | 29.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 1948 | 1948-01-24 (undetected) | 2017 | 2017 BX | 378.8 | 0.99 | 6.7–15 | 28.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 1944 | 1944-08-12 (undetected) | 2022 | 2022 BY$_{39}$ | 227.7 | 0.59 | 2.7–6.1 | 29.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 1942 | 1942-09-11 (undetected) | 2023 | 2023 FY$_3$ | 330.3 | 0.86 | 4.2–9.3 | 29.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 1941 | 1941-01-10 (undetected) | 2014 | 2014 AW$_{32}$ | 141.3 | 0.37 | 8.4–19 | 27.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 1940 | 1940-09-16 (undetected) | 2007 | 2007 RJ$_1$ | 251.1 | 0.65 | 24–54 | 25.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 1938 | 1938-11-14 (undetected) | 2023 | 2023 VV$_1$ | 82.2 | 0.27 | 4.3–9.7 | 28.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 1936 | 1936-01-06 (undetected) | 2010 | 2010 VB$_1$ | 212.6 | 0.55 | 58–130 | 23.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 1935 | 1935-03-08 (undetected) | 2015 | 2015 DD$_{54}$ | 184.1 | 0.48 | 22–49 | 25.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 1933 | 1933-10-22 (undetected) | 2015 | 2015 UM$_{52}$ | 253.2 | 0.66 | 7.3–16 | 27.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 1931 | 1931-10-01 (undetected) | 2022 | 2022 SU$_7$ | 334.3 | 0.87 | 5.8–13 | 28.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 1928 | 1928-03-20 (undetected) | 2024 | 2024 HC | 179.6 | 0.47 | 8.6–19 | 27.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 1926 | 1926-02-06 (undetected) | 2023 | 2023 CN$_1$ | 149.6 | 0.39 | 15–34 | 26.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 1925 | 1925-03-29 (undetected) | 2002 | (163132) 2002 CU11 | 39.3 | 0.10 | 460 ±17 | 18.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1923 | 1923-06-26 (undetected) | 2021 | 2021 MK$_1$ | 368.9 | 0.96 | 140–320 | 27.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 1922 | 1922-06-07 (undetected) | 2017 | 2017 LD | 51.8 | 0.13 | 8.4–19 | 27.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 1920 | 1920-06-21 (undetected) | 2023 | 2023 VC$_7$ | 271.0 | 0.71 | 18–40 | 27.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 1919 | 1919-04-02 (undetected) | 2024 | 2024 FQ$_5$ | 112.2 | 0.29 | 1.7–3.8 | 31.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 1918 | 1918-09-17 (undetected) | 2011 | (458732) 2011 MD5 | 350.0 | 0.91 | 730–1600 | 17.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 1914 | 1914-12-31 (undetected) | 1998 | (152680) 1998 KJ9 | 233.2 | 0.61 | 330–740 | 19.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 1910 | 1910-05-09 (undetected) | 2007 | 2007 JB$_{21}$ | 174.9 | 0.45 | 22–49 | 25.4 | JPL · CAD |
*367943 Duende is listed for 2013 although it was only the second-closest that year for notability: it is the largest asteroid that was observed while it approached within the radius of the geostationary orbit, it was also predicted nearly a year in advance, and coincidentally approached just a few hours after the unrelated Chelyabinsk meteor, which was unpredicted, but injured thousands of people when it impacted.

### Largest per year

From the lists in the first section, these are the largest known asteroids per year that approach Earth within one LD. (More than one asteroid per year may be listed if its size is 100 m [330 ft] or more.) For comparison, the 1908 Tunguska event was caused by an object about 60–190 m (200–620 ft) in size, while the 2013 Chelyabinsk meteor, which injured thousands of people and damaged buildings when it generated a large airburst over Russia, was estimated to be just 20 m (66 ft) across.
The CNEOS database of close approaches lists some close approaches a full orbit or more before or after the discovery of the object, derived by orbit calculation. For years when the largest of the objects that had an undetected close approach within 1 LD was larger than the largest of the objects that were detected in real time or in precovery, both objects are listed. If there were only undetected close approaches in a year, only objects larger than 25 m [82 ft] (or H ≤ 25.75) are shown.
| Year | Date of closest approach | Object | Nominal geocentric distance (in 000s km) | Nominal geocentric distance (in LD) | Est. size (in m) | (H) | Ref |
| 2029 | 2029-04-13 | 99942 Apophis | 38.0 | 0.099 | 300–380 | 19.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 2028 | 2028-06-26 | (153814) 2001 WN5 | 248.7 | 0.647 | 921–943 | 18.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 2025 | 2025-02-04 | 2025 BB$_2$ | 291.5 | 0.758 | 20–44 | 25.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 2024 | 2024-06-29 | 2024 MK | 295.4 | 0.769 | 100–230 | 22.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 2023 | 2023-03-25 | 2023 DZ2 | 174.6 | 0.454 | 37–83 | 24.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 2022 | 2022-07-10 | 2022 NR | 384.0 | 0.999 | 18–40 | 25.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 2021 | 2021-09-16 | 2021 SG | 245.0 | 0.637 | 42–94 | 24.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 2020 | 2020-07-25 | 2020 LD | 306.4 | 0.797 | 89–200 | 22.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 2019 | 2019-07-25 | 2019 OK | 71.4 | 0.191 | 58–130 | 23.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 2018 | 2018-01-03 | 2018 AH | 297.0 | 0.772 | 77–170 | 22.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 2017 | 2017-07-21 | 2017 QP1 | 62.6 | 0.163 | 37–83 | 24.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 2016 | 2016-03-21 | 2016 QA$_2$ | 86.6 | 0.225 | 25–57 | 25.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 2015 | 2015-01-18 | 2015 KW$_{121}$ | 285.8 | 0.743 | 16–36 | 26.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 2014 | 2014-03-30 | 2014 GY$_{44}$ | 167.7 | 0.436 | 22–49 | 25.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 2013 | 2013-01-15 | 367943 Duende | 34.1 | 0.089 | 39–86 | 24.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 2012 | 2012-04-01 | 2012 EG5 | 230.4 | 0.599 | 37–82 | 24.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 2011 | 2011-11-08 | (308635) 2005 YU55 | 324.9 | 0.845 | 400 | 21.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 2010 | 2010-11-02 | 2010 UJ$_7$ | 286.4 | 0.745 | 22–49 | 25.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 2009 | 2009-03-02 | 2009 DD45 | 72.2 | 0.188 | 18–41 | 25.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 2008 | 2008-02-15 | 2008 CK70 | 371.2 | 0.97 | 28–62 | 24.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 2007 | 2007-01-18 | 2007 BD | 324.1 | 0.84 | 22–49 | 25.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 2006 | 2006-02-23 | 2006 DD$_1$ | 117.5 | 0.31 | 13–30 | 26.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 2005 | 2005-12-05 | 2005 XA$_8$ | 217.2 | 0.57 | 19–43 | 25.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 2004 | 2001-04-18 (undetected) | 2023 DZ$_2$ | 120.2 | 0.31 | 37–83 | 24.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 2004 | 2004-03-18 | 2004 FY$_{15}$ | 238.7 | 0.62 | 16–36 | 26.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 2003 | 2003-12-06 | 2003 XJ$_7$ | 148.2 | 0.39 | 14–31 | 26.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 2002 | 2002-06-14 | 2002 MN | 120.0 | 0.31 | 48–110 | 23.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 2001 | 2001-11-08 (undetected) | 2017 VW$_{13}$ | 120.2 | 0.31 | 200–440 | 20.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 2001 | 2001-01-15 | 2001 BA$_{16}$ | 306.2 | 0.80 | 17–38 | 26.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 1994 | 1994-12-09 | 1994 XM$_1$ | 105.3 | 0.27 | 6.1–14 | 28.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 1993 | 1993-05-20 | 1993 KA$_2$ | 149.2 | 0.39 | 4.2–9.4 | 29.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 1991 | 1991-04-08 (undetected) | 2012 UE34 | 329.7 | 0.86 | 58–130 | 23.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 1991 | 1991-01-18 | 1991 BA | 168.2 | 0.44 | 5.1–11 | 28.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1982 | 1982-11-04 (undetected) | 2012 TY$_{52}$ | 314.3 | 0.82 | 150-330 | 21.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 1980 | 1980-10-15 (undetected) | 2018 RY$_1$ | 173.3 | 0.45 | 32-71 | 24.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1977 | 1977-09-05 (undetected) | 2022 QX$_4$ | 128.7 | 0.33 | 31–68 | 24.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 1976 | 1976-10-17 (undetected) | 2013 UG$_1$ | 328.1 | 0.85 | 81–180 | 22.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1971 | 1971-04-11 (undetected) | (612358) 2002 JE9 | 263.6 | 0.69 | 140–310 | 21.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 1970 | 1970-02-26 (undetected) | 2019 DS$_1$ | 361.3 | 0.94 | 20–45 | 25.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1968 | 1968-04-23 (undetected) | 2008 GD$_{110}$ | 91.7 | 0.24 | 33–75 | 24.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 1957 | 1957-02-02 (undetected) | 2019 CD$_2$ | 75.3 | 0.20 | 260–590 | 20.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 1953 | 1953-04-10 (undetected) | 2019 GK$_{21}$ | 202.6 | 0.53 | 19–43 | 25.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 1952 | 1952-10-23 (undetected) | 2009 UU$_1$ | 260.1 | 0.68 | 31–68 | 24.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 1940 | 1940-09-16 (undetected) | 2007 RJ$_1$ | 251.1 | 0.65 | 24–54 | 25.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 1936 | 1936-01-06 (undetected) | 2010 VB$_1$ | 212.6 | 0.55 | 58–130 | 23.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 1935 | 1935-03-08 (undetected) | 2015 DD$_{54}$ | 184.1 | 0.48 | 22–49 | 25.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 1925 | 1925-08-30 (undetected) | (163132) 2002 CU11 | 347.0 | 0.90 | 443–467 | 18.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1923 | 1923-06-26 (undetected) | 2021 MK$_1$ | 368.9 | 0.96 | 140–320 | 27.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 1920 | 1920-06-21 (undetected) | 2023 VC$_7$ | 271.0 | 0.71 | 18–40 | 27.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 1918 | 1918-09-17 (undetected) | (458732) 2011 MD5 | 350.0 | 0.91 | 730–1600 | 17.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 1914 | 1914-12-31 (undetected) | (152680) 1998 KJ9 | 233.2 | 0.61 | 279–900 | 19.5 | JPL · CAD |
The year 2011 was notable as two asteroids with size 100 m (330 ft) or more approached within one lunar distance.

### Extremes in relative speed

The average near-Earth asteroid, such as 2019 VF$_5$, passes Earth at 18 km/s. The average short-period comet passes Earth at 30 km/s, and the average long-period comet passes Earth at 53 km/s. A retrograde parabolic Oort cloud comet (e=1, i=180°) could pass Earth at 72 km/s when 1 AU from the Sun.
Fastest asteroid within 1 LD for each year (these asteroids have eccentric orbits) :
| Date of closest approach | Object | Earth distance (LD) | Sun distance (AU) | Velocity wrt Earth (km/s) | Velocity wrt Sun (km/s) | Approx. size (m) | (H) (abs. mag.) | References |
| 2025-01-23 | 2025 BP$_4$ | 0.83 | 0.984 | 22.1 | 36.5 | 3.7–8.3 | 29.3 | JPL Horizons |
| 2024-02-11 | 2024 CH$_4$ | 0.28 | 0.987 | 24.0 | 34.3 | 7.7–17 | 27.7 | JPL Horizons |
| 2023-10-20 | 2023 TK$_{15}$ | 0.99 | 0.996 | 21.9 | 33.7 | 18–39 | 25.9 | JPL Horizons |
| 2022-12-23 | 2022 YW$_6$ | 0.55 | 0.983 | 29.8 | 38.1 | 4.8–11 | 28.7 | JPL Horizons |
| 2021-10-27 | 2021 UA$_7$ | 0.33 | 0.994 | 27.7 | 37.0 | 4.7–11 | 28.8 | JPL Horizons |
| 2020-03-14 | 2020 FD$_2$ | 0.85 | 0.995 | 33.4 | 38.6 | 19–43 | 25.7 | JPL Horizons |
| 2019-03-28 | 2019 FC$_1$ | 0.27 | 0.998 | 25.9 | 37.1 | 20–45 | 25.6 | JPL Horizons |
| 2018-04-15 | 2018 GE3 | 0.50 | 1.003 | 29.6 | 35.9 | 46–100 | 23.8 | JPL Horizons |
| 2017-08-14 | 2017 QP1 | 0.16 | 1.013 | 24.0 | 33.4 | 37–83 | 24.3 | JPL Horizons |
| 2016-03-08 | 2016 EV$_{28}$ | 0.40 | 0.993 | 25.6 | 36.6 | 5.4–12 | 28.5 | JPL Horizons |
| 2015-03-12 | 2015 EO$_6$ | 0.29 | 0.994 | 23.8 | 37.5 | 2.4–5.4 | 30.2 | JPL Horizons |
The slowest passing speeds during close approaches are dominated by the perigees of asteroids captured by Earth as temporary satellites. This list includes close approaches that weren't observed, but the orbit was calculated with high precision.
Slowest asteroids passing within 1 LD of Earth (these asteroids have Earth-like orbits) :
| Date of closest approach | Object | Earth distance (LD) | Sun distance (AU) | Velocity wrt Earth (km/s) | Velocity wrt Sun (km/s) | Approx. size (m) | (H) (abs. mag.) | Notes | References |
| 2007-03-25 | 2006 RH120 | 0.92 | 0.997 | 1.37 | 31.1 | 3.3–7.5 | 29.5 | temporary satellite perigee | JPL Horizons |
| 2018-10-26 | 2020 CD3 | 0.84 | 0.994 | 1.45 | 31.3 | 1.2–2.7 | 31.7 | temporary satellite perigee; undetected | JPL Horizons |
| 2019-09-10 | 2020 CD$_3$ | 0.79 | 1.007 | 1.47 | 28.2 | 1.2–2.7 | 31.7 | temporary satellite perigee; undetected | JPL Horizons |
| 2018-08-09 | 2020 CD$_3$ | 0.79 | 1.013 | 1.48 | 30.7 | 1.2–2.7 | 31.7 | temporary satellite perigee; undetected | JPL Horizons |
| 2019-11-18 | 2020 CD$_3$ | 0.75 | 0.989 | 1.54 | 29.8 | 1.2–2.7 | 31.7 | temporary satellite perigee; undetected | JPL Horizons |
| 2019-06-30 | 2020 CD$_3$ | 0.72 | 1.018 | 1.56 | 28.1 | 1.2–2.7 | 31.7 | temporary satellite perigee; undetected | JPL Horizons |
| 2007-06-14 | 2006 RH$_{120}$ | 0.72 | 1.015 | 1.57 | 30.3 | 3.3–7.5 | 29.5 | temporary satellite perigee | JPL Horizons |
| 2014-12-07 | 2014 WX$_{202}$ | 0.98 | 0.985 | 1.67 | 30.6 | 3.2–7.1 | 29.6 | | JPL Horizons |
| 2017-12-06 | 2020 CD$_3$ | 0.65 | 0.986 | 1.67 | 28.7 | 1.2–2.7 | 31.7 | temporary satellite perigee; undetected | JPL Horizons |
| 2018-02-19 | 2020 CD$_3$ | 0.58 | 0.989 | 1.77 | 29.5 | 1.2–2.7 | 31.7 | temporary satellite perigee; undetected | JPL Horizons |
| 1979-09-02 | 2014 WX$_{202}$ | 0.87 | 1.008 | 1.79 | 29.4 | 3.2–7.1 | 29.6 | undetected | JPL Horizons |
| 2020-05-09 | 2021 GM1 | 0.71 | 1.009 | 1.81 | 30.5 | 2.2–4.9 | 30.4 | precovery | JPL Horizons |
| 2017-09-18 | 2020 CD$_3$ | 0.52 | 1.000 | 1.89 | 27.9 | 1.2–2.7 | 31.7 | temporary satellite perigee; undetected | JPL Horizons |
| 2011-06-02 | 2009 BD | 0.90 | 1.015 | 1.91 | 30.1 | 6.4–14 | 28.1 | | JPL Horizons |

## Closest approaches by size

Below are lists of the closest approaches in different size ranges, the limits of which correspond to with size limits commonly considered in impact hazard scenarios. The list includes close approaches an orbital period or more before or after the closest observations in time which were derived by orbit calculation.
The diameter of most asteroids has not been measured directly, and can only be estimated from their brightness and assumed surface reflectivity or albedo. While the measured albedo of asteroids can be as low as 6% and as high as 20%, the default estimated size for asteroids in the CNEOS databases is calculated for an albedo of 14%, which is also used for the size range limits below. For objects with uncertain albedo, the CNEOS close approach database provides a possible size range, which is shown in all the lists on this page. In case other, more precise size estimates are available from other sources, the tables below show those, too, but asteroids are sorted according to the size resp. absolute magnitude in the CNEOS database.

### Closest with an estimated diameter under 7 m (H > 28.5)

If an asteroid less than 7 metres (23 ft) across (with an absolute magnitude greater than 28.5) impacts the Earth, it will produce spectacular but mostly harmless fireballs and meteorite falls. All of the asteroids that were destroyed in predicted impacts on Earth up to 2024 were in this size range. The list below shows all close approaches within 10,000 km (6,214 mi) from the centre of the Earth (or about 3,600 km (2,200 mi) above its surface).
| Nominal geocentric distance | Nominal geocentric distance | Nominal geocentric distance | Date of closest approach | Object | Size (m) (approximate) | Abs. mag. | Ref |
| (km) | (LD) | (AU) | Date of closest approach | Object | Size (m) (approximate) | Abs. mag. | Ref |
| 6,746 | 0.0175 | 0.0000451 | 2020-11-13 | 2020 VT4 | 5.0–11 | 28.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 7,726 | 0.0201 | 0.0000516 | 2024-12-01 | 2024 XA | 1.2–2.8 | 31.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 8,098 | 0.0211 | 0.0000541 | 2024-06-06 | 2024 LH$_1$ | 1.8–4.1 | 30.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 8,850 | 0.0230 | 0.0000592 | 2024-10-30 | 2024 UG$_9$ | 0.80–1.8 | 32.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 9,317 | 0.0242 | 0.0000623 | 2020-08-16 | 2020 QG | 2.8–6.2 | 29.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 9,427 | 0.0245 | 0.0000630 | 2021-10-25 | 2021 UA1 | 1.1–2.5 | 31.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 9,712 | 0.0253 | 0.0000649 | 2025-01-26 | 2025 BP$_6$ | 1.1–2.6 | 31.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 9,967 | 0.0259 | 0.0000666 | 2023-01-27 | 2023 BU | 3.1–6.9 | 29.7 | JPL · CAD |

### Closest with an estimated diameter between 7 m and 20 m (28.5 ≥ H > 26.25)

If an asteroid at the bottom of this size range, one 7 metres (23 ft) across (with an absolute magnitude ggrater than 28.5), has average asteroid density and impacts the Earth at average meteor speed, its impact energy is about 15 kilotons TNT equivalent, or roughly equivalent to the blast energy of the Hiroshima bomb. The list below shows all close approaches of objects in the range between 7 and 20 metres across within the radius of the geostationary orbit or 42,164 km (26,199 mi) from the centre of the Earth.
| Nominal geocentric distance | Nominal geocentric distance | Nominal geocentric distance | Date of closest approach | Object | Size (m) (approximate) | Abs. mag. | Ref |
| (km) | (LD) | (AU) | Date of closest approach | Object | Size (m) (approximate) | Abs. mag. | Ref |
| 18,651 | 0.0485 | 0.000125 | 2011-06-27 | 2011 MD | 6.7–15 | 28.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 27,380 | 0.0712 | 0.000183 | 2023-11-17 | 2023 WA | 5.3–12 | 28.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 29,336 | 0.0763 | 0.000196 | 2024-12-06 | 2024 XA$_6$ | 13–30 | 26.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 29,870 | 0.0777 | 0.000200 | 2024-10-10 | 2024 TH$_{11}$ | 9.3–21 | 27.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 32,770 | 0.0852 | 0.000219 | 2023-11-07 | 2023 VB$_2$ | 6.3–13 | 28.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 33,490 | 0.0871 | 0.000224 | 2018-08-10 | 2018 PD20 | 8.8–20 | 27.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 37,870 | 0.0985 | 0.000253 | 2019-09-05 | 2019 RP$_1$ | 7.0–16 | 27.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 39,908 | 0.1038 | 0.000267 | 2014-09-07 | 2014 RC | 11–25 | 26.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 40,483 | 0.1053 | 0.000271 | 2016-09-07 | 2016 RB$_1$ | 5.8–13 | 28.3 | JPL · CAD |

### Closest with an estimated diameter between 20 m and 50 m (26.25 ≥ H > 24.25)

The bottom of this size range, 20 m (66 ft) corresponds to the average size of an asteroid with the smallest impact energy (1 megaton) considered for impact hazard ratings on the Torino scale. 20 m (66 ft) is also about the size of the Chelyabinsk meteor, which produced a meteor ending in an airburst briefly brighter than the Sun that injured over a thousand people and damaged thousands of buildings. The list below shows all close approaches within 100,000 km (62,137 mi) from the centre of the Earth.
| Nominal geocentric distance | Nominal geocentric distance | Nominal geocentric distance | Date of closest approach | Object | Size (m) (approximate) | Abs. mag. | Ref |
| (km) | (LD) | (AU) | Date of closest approach | Object | Size (m) (approximate) | Abs. mag. | Ref |
| 31,620 | 0.082 | 0.000211 | 2016-03-11 | 2016 EF$_{195}$ | 21–47 | 25.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 60,810 | 0.158 | 0.000406 | 1957-12-10 (undetected) | 2010 XW$_{58}$ | 28–62 | 24.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 61,250 | 0.159 | 0.000409 | 2017-08-29 (precovery) | 2019 DP | 26–58 | 25.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 62,640 | 0.163 | 0.000419 | 2017-08-14 | 2017 QP1 | 37–83 | 24.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 69,732 | 0.181 | 0.000466 | 2018-02-09 | 2018 CB | 18–39 | 25.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 72,228 | 0.188 | 0.000483 | 2009-03-02 | 2009 DD45 | 15–41 | 25.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 77,930 | 0.203 | 0.000521 | 2020-06-05 | 2020 FB$_7$ | 16–36 | 26.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 85,220 | 0.222 | 0.000570 | 2019-11-19 | 2019 WH | 15–34 | 26.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 86,569 | 0.225 | 0.000579 | 2016-08-28 | 2016 GA$_2$ | 25–57 | 25.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 92,000 | 0.239 | 0.000613 | 1968-04-23 (undetected) | 2008 GD$_{110}$ | 33–75 | 24.5 | JPL · CAD |

### Closest with an estimated diameter between 50 m and 140 m (24.25 ≥ H > 22.00)

NASA's Planetary Defense Coordination Office (PDCO) considers objects with a diameter of at least 50 m (164 ft) capable of destroying a concentrated urban area if they impact Earth. The asteroid causing the Tunguska event is estimated at 50–80 m (164–262 ft) in diameter. The list below shows all close approaches within 1 LD (384,400 km; 238,900 mi) from the centre of the Earth.
| Nominal geocentric distance | Nominal geocentric distance | Nominal geocentric distance | Date of closest approach | Object | Size (m) (approximate) | Abs. mag. | Ref |
| (km) | (LD) | (AU) | Date of closest approach | Object | Size (m) (approximate) | Abs. mag. | Ref |
| 34,053 | 0.089 | 0.000228 | 2013-02-15 | 367943 Duende | 39–86 | 24.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 71,355 | 0.186 | 0.000477 | 2019-07-25 | 2019 OK | 58–130 | 23.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 119,985 | 0.312 | 0.000802 | 2002-06-14 | 2002 MN | 48–110 | 23.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 192,950 | 0.502 | 0.00129 | 2018-04-15 | 2018 GE3 | 46–100 | 23.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 202,960 | 0.528 | 0.00130 | 2018-06-15 | 2010 WC9 | 53–120 | 23.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 212,600 | 0.553 | 0.00142 | 1936-01-06 (undetected) | 2010 VB$_1$ | 58–130 | 22.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 245,000 | 0.637 | 0.00164 | 2021-09-16 | 2021 SG | 42–94 | 24.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 296,984 | 0.773 | 0.00199 | 2018-01-02 | 2018 AH | 77–170 | 22.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 306,420 | 0.797 | 0.00205 | 2020-06-05 | 2020 LD | 89–200 | 22.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 328,224 | 0.854 | 0.00219 | 1976-10-17 (undetected) | 2013 UG$_1$ | 81–180 | 22.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 329,680 | 0.858 | 0.00220 | 1991-04-08 (undetected) | 2012 UE34 | 58–130 | 23.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 347,400 | 0.904 | 0.00232 | 2011-12-03 | 2011 XC2 | 61–140 | 23.2 | JPL · CAD |
| 357,785 | 0.931 | 0.00239 | 2019-07-24 | 2019 OD | 56–120 | 23.4 | JPL · CAD |

### Closest with an estimated diameter between 140 m and 1 km (22.0 ≥ H > 17.75)

In 2005, the United States Congress gave NASA an updated mandate to detect 90% of NEOs with diameters of 140 m (459 ft) or greater. NASA's PDCO considers objects with a diameter of at least 140 m (459 ft) capable of creating an impact crater at least 1–2 km (0.62–1.24 mi) across and causing regional devastation if they impact Earth. The list below shows all close approaches within 2 LD (768,800 km; 477,700 mi) from the centre of the Earth.
| Nominal geocentric distance | Nominal geocentric distance | Nominal geocentric distance | Date of closest approach | Object | Size (m) (approximate) | Abs. mag. | Ref |
| (km) | (LD) | (AU) | Date of closest approach | Object | Size (m) (approximate) | Abs. mag. | Ref |
| 75,300 | 0.196 | 0.000503 | 1957-02-01 (undetected) | 2019 CD$_2$ | 260–590 | 20.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 120,160 | 0.313 | 0.000803 | 2001-11-08 (undetected) | 2017 VW13 | 200–440 | 20.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 233,220 | 0.607 | 0.00156 | 1914-12-31 (undetected) | (152680) 1998 KJ9 | 330–740 | 19.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 263,600 | 0.686 | 0.00176 | 1971-04-11 (undetected) | (612358) 2002 JE9 | 140–310 | 21.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 295,420 | 0.769 | 0.00197 | 2024-06-29 | 2024 MK | 100–230 150 | 22.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 314,290 | 0.818 | 0.00210 | 1982-11-04 (undetected) | 2012 TY$_{52}$ | 150–330 | 21.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 324,931 | 0.845 | 0.00217 | 2011-11-08 | (308635) 2005 YU55 | 400 | 21.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 346,940 | 0.903 | 0.00232 | 1925-08-30 (undetected) | (163132) 2002 CU11 | 460 ±17 | 18.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 350,000 | 0.911 | 0.00234 | 1918-09-17 (undetected) | (458732) 2011 MD5 | 730–1600 | 17.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 369,000 | 0.960 | 0.00247 | 1923-06-26 (undetected) | 2021 MK$_1$ | 140–320 | 21.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 403,240 | 1.049 | 0.00270 | 1985-09-02 (undetected) | (371660) 2007 CN$_{26}$ | 160–350 | 21.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 413,930 | 1.077 | 0.00277 | 1965-09-15 (undetected) | 2021 PC$_7$ | 350–790 | 19.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 432,439 | 1.125 | 0.00289 | 2006-07-03 | (612901) 2004 XP14 | 290–650 130–260 | 19.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 453,160 | 1.179 | 0.00303 | 1996-05-19 | 1996 JA$_1$ | 170–380 | 21.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 486,807 | 1.266 | 0.00325 | 2015-10-31 | 2015 TB145 | 260–580 625–700 | 20.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 518,530 | 1.349 | 0.00347 | 2013-06-15 (undetected) | 2021 MK$_1$ | 140–320 | 21.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 526,974 | 1.371 | 0.00352 | 2002-02-18 | 2002 NY40 | 420–640 | 19.0 | JPL · CAD |
| 550,500 | 1.432 | 0.00368 | 1938-03-11 (undetected) | 2013 FA$_8$ | 160–370 | 21.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 554,169 | 1.442 | 0.00370 | 2008-01-29 | 2007 TU24 | 230–510 250 | 20.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 594,400 | 1.546 | 0.00397 | 1983-03-19 (undetected) | 2018 VG$_3$ | 180–390 | 20.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 624,154 | 1.624 | 0.00417 | 2011-04-25 | 2011 JA | 140–310 | 21.4 | JPL · CAD |
| 649,700 | 1.690 | 0.00434 | 1950-11-16 (undetected) | 2023 GQ2 | 280–630 | 19.9 | JPL · CAD |
| 677,140 | 1.762 | 0.00453 | 1975-01-31 (undetected) | (27002) 1998 DV$_9$ | 580–1300 | 18.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 684,010 | 1.779 | 0.00457 | 1989-03-22 | 4581 Asclepius | 190–420 | 20.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 726,400 | 1.890 | 0.00486 | 1959-07-12 (undetected) | 2017 NM$_6$ | 460–1000 | 18.8 | JPL · CAD |
| 750,820 | 1.953 | 0.00502 | 1919-01-04 (undetected) | (509352) 2007 AG | 250–550 | 20.2 | JPL · CAD |

### Closest with an estimated diameter above 1 km (17.75 ≥ H)

The original mandate to NASA given by the United States Congress in 1998 was to detect 90% of near-Earth asteroids over 1 km (0.62 mi) diameter (that threaten global devastation) by 2008. NASA's PDCO considers objects with a diameter of at least 1 km (0.62 mi) capable of creating an impact crater at least 10 km (6.2 mi) across and causing global devastation if they impact Earth. The list below shows all close approaches within 5 LD (1,922,000 km; 1,194,000 mi) from the centre of the Earth.
| Nominal geocentric distance | Nominal geocentric distance | Nominal geocentric distance | Date of closest approach | Object | Size (m) (approximate) | Abs. mag. | Ref |
| (km) | (LD) | (AU) | Date of closest approach | Object | Size (m) (approximate) | Abs. mag. | Ref |
| 634,523 | 1.651 | 0.00424 | 1942-04-26 (undetected) | 69230 Hermes | 770–1700 810 | 17.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 740,640 | 1.927 | 0.00495 | 1937-10-30 | 69230 Hermes | 770–1700 810 | 17.7 | JPL · CAD |
| 1,060,967 | 2.760 | 0.00709 | 1981-05-18 (precovery) | (143651) 2003 QO104 | 1600–3600 | 16.1 | JPL · CAD |
| 1,125,000 | 2.927 | 0.00752 | 1933-01-17 (undetected) | (7482) 1994 PC$_1$ | 1052 ±303 | 16.6 | JPL · CAD |
| 1,394,570 | 3.628 | 0.00932 | 1969-08-27 (undetected) | (192642) 1999 RD32 | 1300–2900 5000 | 16.5 | JPL · CAD |
| 1,549,407 | 4.031 | 0.01036 | 2004-09-29 | 4179 Toutatis | 5400 4750×1950 | 15.3 | JPL · CAD |
| 1,885,310 | 4.905 | 0.01260 | 1961-04-12 (undetected) | (163243) 2002 FB3 | 1682 ±13 | 16.5 | JPL · CAD |

## Predicted encounters

Incomplete list of asteroids larger than about 50 m (160 ft) predicted to pass close to Earth (see also asteroid impact prediction and Sentry (monitoring system)):
| Nominal geocentric distance (AU) | Nominal geocentric distance (km) | Size (m) (estimated) | Date of closest approach | Object | JPL-Ref |
| 0.000254 | 38,000 | 325 | April 13, 2029 | 99942 Apophis | JPL · CAD |
| 0.000670 | 100,200 | 75–170 | October 19, 2129 | 2007 UW1 | JPL · CAD |
| 0.000721 | 107,800 | 50–120 | April 8, 2041 | 2012 UE34 | JPL · CAD |
| 0.001572 | 235,200 | 170–370 | January 2, 2101 | (456938) 2007 YV56 | JPL · CAD |
| 0.001585 | 237,000 | 360±40 | November 8, 2075 | (308635) 2005 YU55 | JPL · CAD |
| 0.001629 | 243,700 | 370–840 | December 1, 2140 | (153201) 2000 WO107 | JPL · CAD |
| 0.001635$^{**}$ | 244,600 | 190–420 | October 25, 2077 | (549948) 2011 WL2 | JPL · CAD |
| 0.001663 | 248,800 | 700–1500 | June 26, 2028 | (153814) 2001 WN5 | JPL · CAD |
| 0.001980 | 296,200 | 170–370 | January 22, 2148 | (85640) 1998 OX4 | JPL · CAD |
| 0.002222 | 332,500 | 190–250 | May 28, 2065 | 2005 WY55 | JPL · CAD |
| 0.002241 | 335,200 | 75–170 | March 23, 2146 | 2009 DO$_{111}$ | JPL · CAD |
| 0.00257 | 384,400 | for comparison, this is the average distance to the Moon | for comparison, this is the average distance to the Moon | for comparison, this is the average distance to the Moon | for comparison, this is the average distance to the Moon |
A list of predicted NEO approaches at larger distances is maintained as a database by the NASA Near Earth Object Program.
** Only the nominal (best-fit) orbit shows a passage this close. The uncertainty region is still somewhat large due to a short observation arc.

## Earth-grazers

Objects which enter and then leave Earth's atmosphere, the so-called Earth-grazers, are a distinct phenomenon, inasmuch as entering the lower atmosphere can constitute an impact event rather than a close pass. Earth-grazer can also be short for a body that "grazes" the orbit of the Earth, in a different context.
| Altitude (km) | Size (m) (approximate) | Mass (kg) (approximate) | Date of closest approach | Object | Note | Ref. |
| 0 | mean sea level | mean sea level | mean sea level | mean sea level | mean sea level | mean sea level |
| 8.8 | Mount Everest (height) | Mount Everest (height) | Mount Everest (height) | Mount Everest (height) | Mount Everest (height) | Mount Everest (height) |
| 58 | 5 | 10$^5$–10$^6$ | August 10, 1972 | 1972 Great Daylight Fireball above the United States and Canada | First scientifically observed | |
| 71.4 | | 100 | March 29, 2006 | 2006 Earth-grazing Fireball above Japan | | |
| 98.7 | | 44 | October 13, 1990 | 1990 Earth-grazing Fireball above Czechoslovakia and Poland | First captured from 2 distant locations, which enabled computing its orbit by geometrical methods | |
| | | | August 7, 2007 | 2007 Earth-grazing Fireball | Its pre-encounter orbit belonged to the rare Aten type | |
| 100 | Kármán line | Kármán line | Kármán line | Kármán line | Kármán line | Kármán line |

## Animations

* Animation of the 2015 TB145 (NEO) flyby, as seen from the center of the Earth, with hourly trace circles along the path of motion