OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Morton Fried

Morton Herbert Fried (March 21, 1923 in Bronx, New York – December 18, 1986 in Leonia, New Jersey), was a distinguished professor of anthropology at Columbia University in New York City from 1950 until his death in 1986. He made considerable contributions to the fields of social and political theory.

## Biography

Fried attended Townsend Harris High School and then the City College of New York. At City College, he was originally an English major but changed to anthropology. While a student at CCNY, Fried and his friend Richard F. Shepard formed the Mundial Upheaval Society, which later flourished at Columbia University.
Fried served in the U.S. Army during World War II, after one year of graduate work in anthropology at Columbia. In the Army, he was sent to Harvard to learn Chinese and he went on to specialize in the anthropology of China, earning his Ph.D. at Columbia in 1951. He did fieldwork in 1947–48 in Anhui Province, China, and published his research in The Fabric of Chinese Society (1953).
His mentors were Julian Steward and Karl Wittfogel.
His cohort included Elman Service, Eric Wolf, Sidney Mintz and Stanley Diamond. His first graduate teaching assistant was Marvin Harris and his first graduate student was Marshall Sahlins.
He taught one semester at Yale University during the All Term of 1965. He was a visiting professor at the University of Michigan for one year, 1960–61. He married Martha Nemes, and the couple had two children, Nancy Fried Foster, an anthropologist and Elman Steven Fried, a writer and filmmaker.
A resident of Leonia, New Jersey, Fried died at his home there on December 18, 1986.

## Select bibliography

* Fried, Morton H. 1959. Readings in anthropology. New York: Crowell.
* Fried, Morton H. 1960. On the evolution of social stratification and the state. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.
* Fried, Morton. 1965. "A Four Letter Word that Hurts." SATURDAY REVIEW, October 2,. 1965
* Fried, Morton H. 1967. The evolution of political society an essay in political anthropology. Random House studies in anthropology, AS 7. New York: Random House.
* American Anthropological Association, Morton H. Fried, Marvin Harris, and Robert Francis Murphy. 1968. War: the anthropology of armed conflict and aggression. Garden City, N.Y.: Published for the American Museum of Natural History [by] the Natural History Press.
* Fried, Morton H. 1969. Fabric of Chinese society; a study of the social life of a Chinese county seat. New York: Octagon Books.
* Fried, Morton H. 1975. The notion of tribe. Menlo Park, Calif: Cummings Pub. Co.
* Fried, Martha Nemes, and Morton H. Fried. 1980. Transitions: four rituals in eight cultures. New York: Norton.
* Fried, Morton H. 1987. Reflections on Christianity in China. AMERICAN ETHNOLOGIST 14:1, Frontiers of Christian Evangelism, (Feb., 1987): 94-106.
# Fu Hongzhi

Fu Hongzhi is a Chinese paralympic archer. She won the silver medal at the Women's individual recurve - W1/W2 event at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing.
# Isaac Hughes (missionary)

Isaac Hughes (1798 – 23 June 1870) was a British Calvinist missionary and preacher. He was born to Welsh parents Edward and Mary Hughes in Manchester. His father came from Bontuchel in Denbighshire and his mother came from Brynsiencyn in Anglesey. After some time in Sheffield and Rotherham, he married Elizabeth Jones from Llangollen on 18 August 1823 and departed Britain a month later on 24 September on a ship from Gravesend, arriving in Cape Town, South Africa on 30 December. He initially worked as a blacksmith, reaching Kuruman in August 1824 and Griquatown in late 1827, also working in Lattakoo and Graham's Town. In 1839 he became a missionary. In 1845 he worked along the Vaal River and opened a new station in Backhouse, which later developed into the town Douglas. After his wife died he remarried a missionary's daughter, Anne Magdalena Vogelgezang, in 1850. He died on 23 June 1870 after a 47-year career.
# Vinegar Hill Windmill

Vinegar Hill Windmill or Templeshannon Windmill is a tower mill on Vinegar Hill, Enniscorthy, County Wexford.

## History

Vinegar Hill Windmill is a small-scale circular single-bay, single-stage windmill, dating from between 1600 and 1798. It sits on a piece of elevated ground, and is of a brick and dressed stone construction.
The windmill was the command centre for the Irish rebel camp during the 1798 Rebellion on Vinegar Hill, and they flew their banner from the windmill. When the rebels were defeated by General Gerald Lake on 21 June 1798, the banner was replaced with the English Royal Standard.

## Current use

It has been in ruins since before 1840, and most likely fell into disuse after the 1798 Rebellion. The windmill is currently an Irish National Monument (number 392), and was one of a number of post-1700 structures the Irish government considered de-listing from this status in 2011.
When the windmill fell into disrepair in the 1960s, a protest notice was affixed to it stating: "Vinegar Hill, scene of glorious battle in 1798 between Insurgents and British Crown Forces. Carefully maintained by British Government from 1803 to 1922. Abandoned by the Irish Office of Public Works when freedom obtained. Only historic monument in the care of Irish Government in Enniscorthy area. Thank God for it."
The windmill currently forms part of the larger National 1798 Rebellion Centre site, as part of the 1798 battlefield.
# TD Tower (Vancouver)

Toronto Dominion Tower is located at 700 West Georgia Street in Downtown Vancouver and is connected to part of the Pacific Centre shopping mall.
The skyscraper stands at 127 m or 30 stories tall and was completed in 1972. When the tower was built, on the site of the former second Hotel Vancouver, its black-glass facing earned it the press sobriquet "the Black Tower", and with the white design of the adjacent Eaton's building (now Nordstrom) it was considered by some an architectural disaster.
The first tenant in January 1972 was the law firm of McLaughlin, Holburn & Beaudin on the 16th floor. The firm (now named Alexander Holburn Beaudin & Lang LLP) has remained a tenant since opening and currently occupies the topmost floors.
Since 1996, the building has been the home of Corus Radio Vancouver, as well as a number of law firms, including Farris LLP, Alexander Holburn Beaudin & Lang LLP, Cansure and QAlaw.
49°16′58″N 123°07′08″W﻿ / ﻿49.282722°N 123.118908°W﻿ / 49.282722; -123.118908
# Anthony Price (disambiguation)

Anthony Price (1928–2019) was a British author.
Anthony Price may also refer to:
* Anthony Price (philosopher) (born 1947), professor of philosophy
* A. J. Price (born 1986), American basketball player
* Antony Price (born 1945), London fashion designer
# Buchel County, Texas

Buchel County was a former Texas county. Its area is now completely contained in the present Brewster County.

## History

On March 15, 1887, the Texas legislature passed legislation that divided Presidio County into four counties: Presidio, Jeff Davis, Foley and Buchel.$^{:824–825}$ Named after German soldier and war hero Augustus Buchel, the county occupied the northeast corner of what is now Brewster County including the town of Marathon which was to serve as the county seat. The 1890 Census reported 298 residents in Buchel County, the majority of whom lived in Marathon. In 1889, it and neighboring Foley County were attached to the original Brewster County for surveying purposes, and in 1897 both counties were abolished and absorbed by Brewster County.

### Attempts to reestablish

During the first decades of the twentieth century, some Texans tried to reorganize the county. As early as 1909, one newspaper reported that "A movement is on foot to re-establish Buchel county and make Marathon the county seat."
In 1915, a bill submitted to the 34th Texas Legislature (SB 187) sought to establish Buchel County from territory in Brewster County. Reports suggested that the bill was supported by representatives and there was little expected opposition, however no final version of the text was published as law, suggesting that the bill was never passed.

## Geography

The Texas state law that created the new county laid out the following boundaries:
   Buchel County is bounded as follows, to-wit: Beginning at the northeast corner of Brewster County on the Presidio and Pecos County line; thence south with the east line of Brewster County sixty miles; thence east to the Rio Grande River; thence down said river with its meanders to the Pecos County line; thence in a northwesterly direction among said Pecos County line to the place of the beginning.$^{:824}$

### Adjacent Counties

* Brewster County (west)
* Pecos County (east)
* Foley County (south)
# 2026 United States House of Representatives election in Alaska

Elections in Alaska :
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The 2026 United States House of Representatives election in Alaska will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect a member of the United States House of Representatives to represent the state of Alaska and its at-large district. The election will coincide with other elections to the U.S. House, elections to the United States Senate, and various other state and local elections. The primary election will occur on August 18, 2026.
Incumbent Nick Begich III was elected with 51.22% of the vote in 2024, narrowly defeating then-incumbent Mary Peltola, the first Democrat to represent Alaska in the House since 1972.
The race will be conducted using ranked-choice voting.

## Candidates
### Republican Party
#### Filed paperwork

* Nick Begich III, incumbent U.S. representative (2025–present)

### Democratic Party
#### Filed paperwork

* Mary Peltola, former U.S. representative (2022–2025)

## Primary election
### Endorsements

Organizations
* Club for Growth PAC

## General election
### Predictions

| Source | Ranking | As of |
| The Cook Political Report | Likely R | February 6, 2025 |

### Polling

Nick Begich III vs. Mary Peltola
| Poll source | Date(s) administered | Sample size | Margin of error | Nick Begich III (R) | Mary Peltola (D) | Other | Undecided |
| Data for Progress (D) | February 28–March 7, 2025 | 1000 (LV) | ± 3.0% | 46% | 46% | 5% | 3% |

## Notelist

* ↑ "I would rank neither" with 5%
# National Environment Management Authority of Kenya

The National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) is the Kenyan government agency responsible for the management of the environment and environmental policy. It is an integral department of the Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources of Kenya.

## Overview

The mission of NEMA is to "safeguard and enhance the quality of the environment through coordination, research, facilitation, and enforcement, while encouraging responsible individual, corporate and collective participation towards sustainable development." Their vision is "to be a world-class environmental Authority that ensures a healthy environment for all," and their motto is "Our Environment Our Life -- Mazingira Yetu Uhai Wetu."
NEMA's departments are as follows.
* Directorate
* Legal services
* Compliance and Enforcement
* Finance and Administration
* Environmental Education, Information, and Public Participation
* Environmental Planning and Research Coordination
* Coastal Marine and Freshwater (sub-department)

## Location

NEMA is located in Nairobi, Kenya. Their address is Popo Road, off Mombasa Road, PO BOX 67839-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.

## Operations

NEMA releases environmental impact study reports to for public commentary through newspapers. These reports detail a proposed action, the possible negative environmental impacts, and the measures that could be used as mitigation.
NEMA has initiatives that span across departments, referred to as mega programmes, and these initiatives are subject to evaluation using Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) guidelines.

## History
### Founding

The organization became operational on 1 July 2002 following the Environment Management and Co-ordination Act of 1999, which took effect on 14 January 2000.

### Green Climate Fund (GCF) Accreditation

In March of 2016, NEMA was granted accreditation by the Green Climate Fund (GCF) in response to nomination by the National Treasury. This accreditation allows for funds to be allocated from the Adaptation Fund Board to NEMA for use as Kenya's National Implementing Entity of the Fund.
# Charlesworth, Derbyshire

Charlesworth is a village and civil parish near Glossop, Derbyshire, England. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 Census was 2,449. It is 2 miles (3.2 km) south-west of Glossop town centre and close to the borders of Greater Manchester with the nearby village of Broadbottom in Tameside. The parish church of St John the Baptist was built in 1848–49. The Congregational Chapel was rebuilt from an earlier chapel in 1797. The Baptist Chapel was built in 1835. Broadbottom Bridge, one end of which is in Cheshire, was built in 1683. Charlesworth holds an annual carnival on the second Saturday in July on its recreation ground on Marple Road, which includes fell races and other events.
The village is at the foot of the "Monks' Road", which was used by the monks of Basingwerk Abbey in North Wales. At the top of the road is the Abbot's Chair, the base of a monastic cross also known as the Charlesworth Cross.

## Sport

* Charlesworth Cricket Club
* Charlesworth Football Club
# Simhasana

Simhasana (Sanskrit: सिंहासन; IAST: Siṁhāsana) or Lion Pose is an asana in hatha yoga and modern yoga as exercise.

## Etymology and origins

The name comes from the Sanskrit words simha (सिंह), meaning "lion", and āsana (आसन), meaning "posture" or "seat". The pose has also been named Narasimhasana, as in the 19th century Joga Pradipika, from Sanskrit नरसिंह Narasimha, a lion-man avatar of the god Vishnu. The posture is described in the tenth century Vimānārcanākalpa.

## Description

The practitioner kneels with the buttocks on the inner arches of the feet, stretches the arms forwards with the hands outspread just off the ground, and makes a facial expression with the mouth open wide and the tongue out to resemble a lion. The yoga guru B. K. S. Iyengar notes in his 1966 Light on Yoga that this is the traditional pose; he calls it Simhasana I.

## Variations

Iyengar's Simhasana II begins from lotus position (Padmasana). The practitioner then stands on the knees and moves the body forwards until the front of the body faces the floor and the shoulders are directly above the hands, the arms straight. The facial expression is the same as before.
Yoga Journal has described a variant "Lion Pose" with the legs as in Muktasana with the facial and hand positions as in Simhasana, suggesting it as a suitable seat for pranayama.
# Tom Borton

Thomas William Borton (January 4, 1956 – July 26, 2011) was an American jazz saxophonist, songwriter and composer, and was the founder and CEO of Los Angeles Post Music, Inc.

## Biography
### Early life

Borton was born in Norristown, Pennsylvania to Robert G. and Phyllis M. (Phelps) Borton, and later on moved to Indianapolis, Indiana, where he grew up and began playing saxophone at age 7. Borton attended Eastwood Junior High School, where he was a member of the school band; he won a talent show at a summer music camp held by Purdue University when he was in 8th grade.
While in high school, he played with Tarnished Silver, a band which featured R&B singer and songwriter Kenneth Edmonds, best known as Babyface, record producer Daryl Simmons, and drummer Rayford Griffin. Borton graduated from North Central High School in Indianapolis in 1974, and attended Indiana University Bloomington, where he joined a band called Streamwinner, which featured guitarist David Grissom, and drummer Kenny Aronoff.

### Music career

In 1981, Borton moved to Los Angeles, California, where he started writing for television and film music. In the summer of 1987, he joined The Big Picture band as a composer and played alto saxophone; the band also featured singer and songwriter Joanna St. Claire.
In 1990, Borton released his debut album Dancing With Tigers, which was co-produced with jazz musician Vel Lewis, and released under the Mesa/Bluemoon Recordings label; the second track from the album titled "Photoland", was featured on the jazz compilation album Best of Mesa Records & Bluemoon Recordings, which was also released in 1990. Two of the songs from the album, "Wherever You Are" and "Looking for a Way", were both featured in the "Local Forecast" segments on The Weather Channel.
In 1992, Borton released his second album The Lost World, which also featured Lewis; the second track from the album titled "Swingopolis", was also featured on the jazz compilation album The Best New Jazz in America: Volume 3, which was also released in 1992, under the Catalyst Communications label.
Borton also co-produced two of Steve Allee's albums, The Magic Hour (1995), and Mirage (2003). He was also the founder and CEO of Los Angeles Post Music, Inc, a production music library, where he composed music for the 1998 TV documentary Titanic: Secrets Revealed, and movies such as The Jitters (1989), and Amy's Orgasm (2001).

### Death

Borton died unexpectedly at his home in Los Angeles on July 26, 2011, at the age of 55. His third and final album, Simply One, was released posthumously in 2012. Borton was survived by his parents, his sisters, Rebecca Ann (William) Erdel, and Janis Elaine Borton, and his two nephews and great nieces.

## Discography

* 1990: Dancing With Tigers (Mesa/Bluemoon Recordings)
* 1992: The Lost World (Mesa/Bluemoon Recordings)
* 2012: Simply One
# Bolzano Airport

Bolzano Airport (Italian: Aeroporto di Bolzano — Dolomiti, German: Flughafen Bozen — Dolomiten) (IATA: BZO, ICAO: LIPB) is a regional airport near Bolzano in the province of South Tyrol in northern Italy and serves as the home base for Sky Alps.

## History

The airport was established in October 1926 with a 1,300-metre (4,300 ft) landing runway.
Darwin Airline ceased their PSO-flights to Rome on behalf of Alitalia on 18 June 2015 leaving Bolzano Airport again without any scheduled commercial traffic. In June 2016, a public opinion poll decided to no longer support the highly deficient airport with money from the government. Therefore, it was decided that the airport's operator company would be liquidated and the licence given back to the Italian authorities, which means the airport would be shut down entirely if no other operator were found. South Tyrol spent over €120 million in recent years for the airport without attracting any lasting scheduled traffic.
In 2019, the South Tyrol government sold the airport to ABD Holding, a private company of entrepreneurs Josef Gostner, René Benko and Hans Peter Haselsteiner, for a price of 3.8 million euros. The airport extended its runway to 1,462 m (4,797 ft) in late 2021.

## Airlines and destinations

The following airlines operate regular scheduled and charter flights at Bolzano Airport:
| Airlines | Destinations |
| Sky Alps | Antwerp, Berlin, Düsseldorf, Hamburg Seasonal: Billund, Brač, Brindisi, Cagliari, Catania, Copenhagen, Corfu, Dubrovnik, Gothenburg, Hannover (begins 1 May 2025), Ibiza, Kassel, Kefalonia (begins 7 June 2025), Lamezia Terme, London–Gatwick, Menorca (begins 6 June 2025), Olbia, Stuttgart |

## Accidents and incidents

* In March 2021, a helicopter owned by the Guardia di Finanza, crash landed at the airport. The helicopter was quite new.
# GS9

GS9 is an American hip hop collective based in New York City, United States. Its current members include Bobby Shmurda, Rowdy Rebel, Fetty Luciano, Corey Finesse, Abillyon, Wayveeporter, Lil Skrap1090.

## Background

Rowdy Rebel grew up in a neighbourhood known as "the 90s" in Brooklyn's East Flatbush area. People in his neighborhood referred to him as "rowdy" as a child, which is the genesis for his stage name. Many members of GS9 (including Shmurda) originated in the same East Flatbush locale. He is of Jamaican and Bajan descent.
Much of Rowdy Rebel's music contains references to the block where he grew up. Rowdy has noted that he and other GS9 members talk about friends from the neighborhood "to keep their names alive." Despite the fact that only he and Bobby Shmurda have been signed to Epic Records, one of their primary goals is to help other GS9 members such as Abillyon and Corey Finesse get record contracts too.
Bobby Shmurda had run-ins with the law while living in Brooklyn, including fifteen months spent in detention for probation violation and being arrested on gun charges that were later dropped. According to his 2014 indictment, Shmurda was the ringleader of a criminal enterprise called "GS9" that regularly entered into disputes with criminal gangs, was responsible for murders and non-fatal shootings, and engaged in drug trafficking along Kings Highway to East Flatbush. All members appeared in Shmurda's video for "Hot Nigga"
On June 3, 2014, Shmurda was arrested and charged with felony criminal possession of a weapon. Police claim they saw him flashing the firearm in an apartment and when they went to investigate, he tried to hide it in a couch. He was set free on $10,000 bail. On December 17, 2014, police arrested Shmurda, charging him with conspiracy to commit murder, reckless endangerment, and drug and gun possession; charges against the others included murder, attempted murder, assault, and drug dealing. Shmurda pleaded not guilty and was held on $2 million bail.

## Record label

GS9 also release music under GS9 Records. The label is independent and was founded in 2012, however when Shmurda and Rowdy Rebel signed with Epic Records in 2014. Epic went on to distribute for GS9 up until the beginning of 2022 when GS9 ended their distribution partnership with Epic, in favor of self-distributing without the help of Epic or any other record label. GS9’s first release after leaving Epic was Shmurda’s single “They Don’t Know”. The one exclusion is Rebel, as he now has a full deal with Epic Records and Sony Music Entertainment. However, Shmurda parted ways with Epic in March 2022. Shmurda’s last official release under Epic was his song “Shmoney” featuring Quavo and Rebel.

## Discography
### Mixtapes

List of mixtapes, with year released :
| Title | Mixtape details |
| Shmoney Shmurda | Released: July 8, 2014 Label: GS9 Format: Digital download |
| Shmurdaville | Released: October 14, 2014 Label: GS9 Format: Digital download |