OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Ignaz Glaser

Ignaz Glaser (5 May 1853 – 11 August 1916) was an Austria-Hungary businessman from Prague and the founder of one of the biggest sheet glass factories in the k.u.k. monarchy.

## Biography

In 1881 in Bürmoos near Salzburg he used the legal estate of a former glassworks company that went bankrupt four years earlier and he bought a giant moor area. He expanded the factory with four glass ovens, which worked with turf. He also founded a brickyard, which was very successful and which existed throughout the 1970s. Bit by bit he then bought further moor areas in the neighboring Weidmoos and at Ibmer moor, where he also started to cultivate hops. In the middle of the Ibmer area, in Hackenbuch, Upper Austria, he established another glass factory. The turf factory was very unstable because it depended on the weather a lot and the turf supplies drew to a close. Thus Glaser bought a closed sugar factory in North Bohemian Brüx and established a new glass factory. In that factory ovens were heated with coal from an open pit, which made the company independent from weather conditions. After Glaser’s death in 1916, his son Dr. Hermann Glaser, born on 18 August 1889, took over the glass factory, which experienced a short economic boom after World War I. But then the company missed the update to mechanical flat glass fabrication and the Glaser empire broke down in 1926. In Bürmoos, flat glass was produced by a company named Stiassny until the end of 1929, which then bought the holdings. At this point glass fabrication was shut down totally. Eighty percent of the population there was unemployed.
Glaser's grave is in the Jewish cemetery in Salzburg–Aigen. His son survived the Holocaust in Shanghai and died on 10 January 1956 in Vienna.
In 2006 the first Ignaz-Glaser-Symposium organized by Andreas Maislinger with a focus on integration took place.

## Literature

* Commercial Register Ignaz Glaser - unpublished.
* Georg Rendl, Die Glasbläser von Bürmoos. Romantrilogie. Verlag Kremayr & Scheriau, Vienna 1951.
# Cover Magazine (publication)

Cover Magazine, , also called Cover Magazine, the Underground National, was a New York City arts monthly publication. The magazine existed from 1986 to 2000.Its stated mission was to be a comprehensive arts magazine--"to cover all the arts in every issue"--which included eclectic music and literary features alongside coverage of film, sculpture, dance, photography, and other visual arts.Interviews with Allen Ginsberg, Rudolfo Tamaya, Elizabeth Murray, Loud Reed, Sarah McClachan, Spike Lee, Andrei Codrescu, and Todd Oldham provide a representative sampling of Cover's contents.
Jeffrey Cyphers Wright edited and published Cover Magazine throughout its existence. A strong cadre of arts and culture contributors and editors worked alongside publisher/editor Jeffrey Cyphers Wright, including John Yau, Robert C. Morgan, Judd Tully, Anthony Bozza, A.D. Coleman, Timothy Greenfield-Sanders, Lee Klein and many others. Cover regularly hosted events at Webster Hall, St. Mark's Church, Limelight, the Tunnel, Darinka, and other venues throughout New York City. These included live music concerts, artist discussions, arts and fashion shows, literary readings, and other arts-related events.
# Palombarone

Il Palombarone is a 16th-century construction in Castelfidardo, the Marches in Central Italy.

## Structure

The building has three principal sections - a four-storey central portion which is undoubtedly the oldest part of the structure, with two-storey wings on either side. Thus in essence the building is a central tower with lower wings on either side.

## History

To the best of common knowledge the building now dubbed the 'Palombarone' was originally erected in 1580 as the summer residence for the local Archbishop, also the Governor of the Basilica of the Holy House of nearby Loreto. It was a property of the Roman Catholic Church. It dominated the landscape for miles around due to its elevated position. Its presumed nature as an ecclesiastical residence may be not entirely accurate due to the presence of small square slanted breaches which are scattered across the tower section of the building. The purpose of these holes is not known but two principal theories exist - they are either the holes through which small cannons could be discharged, thus making the Palombarone a small fort used to guard an ancient border between lands now forgotten, or more probably to protect against Turkish invasions of the 16th century – the Ottomans were at the gates of Vienna at this time; or the holes served as perches for carrier pigeons - who were used extensively at this time and a thriving local market in the bird existed in this period.
The building is believed to have fallen into disrepair with the end of the Papal States in the 1860s – it was probably around that time that local families moved in and rented the properties surrounding this property (which to this day is used as vineyards). The farmer-occupiers of the property eventually left the property in the mid-1970s and the building was abandoned. Extensive renovations to the property occurred in 1896 (as a simple marble plaque states on the front of the building) and again most probably in the 1950s. In 2000, the property was bought by the great-granddaughter of a woman who was born in the building a century and half before, Renata Simonetti Giorgi. She and her family have been renovating the dilapidated building since mid-2002 in an attempt to restore it to its former glory years of the late 16th century and as can be seen from the photo, huge progress has been made.

## Architecture

The building is in the 16th-century style of the local area, with masterful arches and a domed interior. The walls are extraordinarily thick, which tends to hold the interior temperature cool in the summer and warm in winter.
# Len Komoroski

Leonard Albert "Len" Komoroski (born February 21, 1960) was Chief Executive Officer of Rock Entertainment Group, the umbrella entity of the teams and venues that are part of Cavaliers Chairman Dan Gilbert’s Rock Family of Companies. It includes the NBA Cleveland Cavaliers, the AHL Cleveland Monsters, the  NBA G League Cleveland Charge and Cavs Legion of the NBA 2K League; and the operation of Rocket Arena in Cleveland, Legion Lair Lit by TCP home of Cavs Legion in Cleveland, Cleveland Clinic Courts - the Cavaliers’ training and development center in Independence, Ohio.

## Early life and career

Born and raised in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Komoroski earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Duquesne University in 1982. While attending college, Komoroski was a four-year letterman of the tennis team, writer for The Duquesne Duke, and the president of Public Relations Society of America.
Komoroski was the COO for the Cleveland Lumberjacks (1994–96).
Prior to joining the Cavaliers, Komoroski was the SVP of Business Operations for the Philadelphia Eagles from 1996 to 2003. Komoroski brought Eagles Television Network in-house, and played a leadership role in the development and commercialization of the NovaCare Complex and Lincoln Financial Field, including the brokering of the naming rights for each facility.
Komoroski led a group that purchased the Lake Erie Crushers in Avon, Ohio in March 2024.
In January 2025, Komoroski was announced as a board member and investor of English football club Sheffield United. The club was taken over by the consortium group COH Sports led by fellow American businessmen Steve Rosen and Helmy Eltoukhy. Komoroski was joined on the board of directors by director and producer Joe Russo and real estate figure Terry Ahern.
# Suzanne Conklin Akbari

Suzanne Conklin Akbari is a medievalist, recognised for her global and comparative approach to medieval literary history. She was a Professor in English and Medieval Studies at the University of Toronto from 1995 until 2019, when she joined the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton.

## Biography

Akbari earned her B.A. from Johns Hopkins University in 1984. At Columbia University, she earned an M.A. in English in 1989, an M. Phil. in English and Comparative Literature in 1991, and a Ph.D. in English and Comparative literature in 1995. She began teaching at the University of Toronto in 1995, where she served as a Professor in the Department of English, as well as the Director of the Centre for Medieval Studies from 2013 to 2019. In July 2019, Akbari left the University of Toronto to join the Institute for Advanced Study.
Akbari's first monograph, Seeing Through the Veil (2004), ties medieval use of allegory to the medieval debate about whether visual perception occurs through extramission or intromission. Her second monograph, Idols in the East (2009), presents a prehistory of orientalism in which Western Christian medieval writing associated Islam with idolatry. Later work includes research as a co-Principal Investigator for an Andrew W. Mellon Foundation grant, "The Book and the Silk Roads," begun in 2019 to study medieval transmission of book technologies along the Silk Road trade routes between China and Europe.
In 2013, Akbari was an organizer for the grassroots group "Keep Back Campus Green," which sought to block the development of an artificial turf athletic field behind the University of Toronto's University College buildings, arguing that the Back Campus Fields ought to be protected as a heritage site. They were unsuccessful.
Akbari co-hosts a literary podcast, The Spouter-Inn, with Chris Piuma, which was nominated in the Outstanding Arts Series of the 2020 Canadian Podcast Awards. Begun in 2019, the podcast consists of unscripted conversations about "great" literature. With Filiz Çakır Phillip, she co-curated the exhibition 'Hidden Stories: Books Along the Silk Roads', which ran at the Aga Khan Museum from October 2021 to February 2022.

## Books

* Seeing Through the Veil: Optical Theory and Medieval Allegory, University of Toronto Press, 2004.
* Co-editor, Marco Polo and the Encounter of East and West, with Amilcare Iannucci, University of Toronto Press, 2008.
* Idols in the East: Representations of Islam and the Orient, 1100-1450, Cornell University Press, 2009.
* Co-editor, A Sea of Languages: Rethinking the Arabic Role in Medieval Literary History, with Karla Mallette, University of Toronto Press, 2013.
* Co-editor, The Ends of the Body, with Jill Ross, University of Toronto Press, 2013.
* Editor, How We Write: Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blank Page, Punctum Books, 2015.
* Co-editor, How We Read: Tales, Fury, Nothing, Sound, with Kaitlin Heller, Punctum Books, 2019.
* Co-editor, Oxford Handbook of Chaucer, with James Simpson, Oxford University Press, 2020.
* Co-editor, Norton Anthology of World Literature.
# Fredrik Jonsson

Fredrik Jonsson (born 28 March 1977) is a retired tennis player from Sweden, who turned professional in 1996. The right-hander reached his career-high singles ranking of World No. 108 in July 2000. Jonsson comes from the same hometown as teenage colleague-star Andreas Vinciguerra.

## Tennis career
### Juniors

As a junior, Jonsson reached as high as No. 19 in the world singles rankings in 1995. His best result was reaching the semifinals at the 1995 Junior Italian Open where he lost to the eventual champion, Mariano Zabaleta.

### Pro career

Jonsson made his ATP main draw singles debut, as a qualifier, at the 1986 Swedish Open where he lost in the first round to Carlos Costa. He subsequently participated mainly on the ITF Futures circuit and the ATP Challenger Tour. In September 1998, he reached his first final on the Challenger tour, when he lost in the final of the Budva Challenger against Tomas Behrend. In October 1998, he won the Samarkand Challenger by beating Oleg Ogorodov in the final.
In Grand Slam tennis, his best performance was at the 1999 US Open, when he reached the third round and beat world number 16, Nicolás Lapentti in the second round, before losing to Slava Doseděl.

## ATP Challenger and ITF Futures finals
### Singles: 7 (3–4)

* Legend
* ATP Challenger (1–3)
* ITF Futures (2–1)
| Result | W–L | Date | Tournament | Tier | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Loss | 0–1 | Mar 1998 | Greece F3, Chalkida | Futures | Hard | Jan-Ralph Brandt | 2–6, 1–6 |
| Loss | 0–2 | Sep 1998 | Budva, Yugoslavia | Challenger | Clay | Tomas Behrend | 6–3, 3–6, 2–6 |
| Win | 1–2 | Sep 1998 | Sweden F3, Gothenburg | Futures | Hard | Nicklas Timfjord | 6–3, 6–4 |
| Win | 2–2 | Oct 1998 | Samarkand, Uzbekistan | Challenger | Clay | Oleg Ogorodov | 7–6, 6–3 |
| Loss | 2–3 | Aug 1999 | Poznań, Poland | Challenger | Clay | Galo Blanco | 4–6, 2–6 |
| Win | 3–3 | Apr 2001 | USA F8, Little Rock, Arkansas | Futures | Hard | Martin Verkerk | 6–3, 6–4 |
| Loss | 3–4 | May 2001 | Fergana, Uzbekistan | Challenger | Hard | Ivo Heuberger | 6–4, 5–7, 2–6 |
# Shropham

Shropham is a civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. It covers an area of 11.12 km$^2$ (4.29 sq mi) and had a population of 351 in 155 households at the 2001 census. For the purposes of local government, it falls within the district of Breckland.
Its main attraction is the Grade I listed Church of St Peter and St Paul, built in flint in the Perpendicular style. Shropham Hall is an early Georgian country house; it was completed by 1729 for John Barker, later High Sheriff of Norfolk.
The village is listed in the Domesday Book under the name Scerpham.
Historically the hundred of Shropham included many further parishes.

## Notable residents

* Sir Edward Grogan, 2nd Baronet
* Mary E. Mann (1848–1929), writer, lived in the village.
* Justin Fashanu (1961–1998) and John Fashanu (1962-), footballers, used to live in the village
# Tanvir Mehdi

Tanvir Mehdi (born November 7, 1972, in Lahore, Punjab), is a former Pakistani cricketer who played one ODI in 1992. He was regarded as one of the fastest bowlers of his time in Pakistan first-class cricket. His career was cut short due to unknown reasons. He bowled the fastest ball of his career at a speed of 154.7 kmph.
# Ashok Bendalam

Ashok Bendalam is an Indian politician from Andhra Pradesh. He has been an elected Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) representing the Ichchapuram Assembly constituency from the Telugu Desam Party (TDP) since 2014. He won for a third time as an MLA, winning the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election. He was appointed as whip on 12 November 2024.

## Career

Bendalam acted as the in-charge for TDP in Ichchapuram. He won the 2014 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election and retained it in the 2019 election. He won as the MLA representing Telugu Desam Party from the Ichchapuram Assembly constituency.
# Sona

Sona may refer to:

## Places

* Sona, Veneto, a comune in the province of Verona in Italy
* Soná District, Veraguas, a district within the Province of Veraguas, situated in Panama
** Soná, Panama, a town in Soná District, Veraguas, Panama.
* Șona, a commune located in Alba County, Romania.
* Sona Glacier, a Himalayan glacier situated in the Pithoragarh district in the eastern part of Uttarakhand, India
* Sona, Norway, a village in the municipality of Stjørdal in Trøndelag county, Norway
** Sona Station, a railway station on the Meråker Line in the village of Sona
* Sona Mosque, a mosque in Chapai Nawabganj district of Bangladesh
* Sona College of Technology, a college in Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
* Sone River or Sona, second-largest tributary of Ganga river in India

## Organizations

* Society of Nepali Architects

## Persons

* Sona (given name), a list of people with this name
* Sona (singer) (born 1973), Armenian singer

## Film and television

* Sona Chandi, a comedy-drama television serial produced by Pakistan Television Corporation
* Sona Spa, a 2013 Indian Hindi-language drama film
* Kaala Sona (lit. 'Black Gold'), a 1975 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film
* Chandi Sona (lit. 'Silver and Gold'), a 1977 Indian Hindi-language film
* "Sona", episode 22 of season 2 of Prison Break

## Music

* SonaBLAST! Records, a Louiseville, KY based record label
* SONA (band), Neo-Pagan folk rock American music band
* Sona Family, London-based musical quartet

## Others

* Lusona (plural sona), African ideographic tradition
* Sona language (artificial), worldlang created by Kenneth Searight and described in a book he published in 1935
* Sona language (Papua New Guinea), Kanasi language of Papua New Guinea
* Sona Masuri, medium-grain rice grown largely in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka
* State of the Nation (disambiguation)
# Portrait of Étienne Maurice Gérard

Portrait of Étienne Maurice Gérard is an 1816 portrait painting by the French artist Jacques-Louis David of Étienne Maurice Gérard, a general who distinguished himself during the Napoleonic Wars. Both men were strongly associated with the recently defeated Emperor Napoleon and had gone into exile in Brussels following the Bourbon Restoration. It was one of the first portraits David painted following his arrival in the city.
Gérard returned to France the following year and was promoted to Marshal. During the July Monarchy he commanded French troops intervening in Belgium and successfully besieged Antwerp in 1832. He also served as Minister of War and Prime Minister of France.
Gérard is shown in the dark-blue uniform of a general of the Empire and wears various decorations including the Legion of Honour. The Italianate background and chequerboard floor make no reference to his career. It may have been commissioned to celebrate the sitter's marriage to Rosemonde de Valence thay year. Today the painting is in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, having been acquired in 1965.
# Vasilisa Volokhova

Vasilisa Volokhova (floruit 1591; Russian: Василиса Волохова) was a Russian noblewoman and courtier, the royal governess and nurse of Prince Dmitry of Uglich. She was said to have participated in the murder of the prince in 1591.
# Country Queer

Country Queer is an online music magazine that focuses on LGBTQ+ musical artists in Country and Americana music.

## History

Country Queer was founded by former No Depression staffer Dale Henry Geist. The publication launched in September 2019. Geist founded Country Queer in response to what he described as a noticeable absence of queer people in the music media he consumed, particularly in Country and Americana music. In describing how the publication began, Geist wrote:
   I logged into GoDaddy and pointed the countryqueer.com domain to the WordPress site that had been Strange Fire. Back when I had a job, and more money than time, I’d bought the site from Cindy Emch, who had inherited it from its founder, Kevin James Thornton. I kept Cindy on as Editor-In-Chief, replaced the Strange Fire logo with ours, and we went to town.
Shortly after its launch, folk rock singer-songwriter Aaron Lee Tasjan began following the publication on social media, and LGBTQ+ Country singer-songwriters Orville Peck and Brandy Clark agreed to interviews with Country Queer.
At its launch, Oakland musician Cindy Emch served as Country Queer's first editor-in-chief. A year later, Emch left the position to focus on her music. Geist assumed the role of editor-in-chief and led an editorial team that included Americana LGBTQ+ singer-songwriters Adeem the Artist (Editor) and Mya Byrne (Staff Writer), as well as Sydney Miller (Associate Editor), Rachel Cholst (Editor and Podcast Producer), Eryn Brothers (Staff Writer), and James Barker (Staff Writer).
In October 2020, Country Queer began publishing a bi-weekly column by editors Adeem the Artist and Annie Parnell entitled "Buried Treasure". The column focused on a selection of new releases by lesser known LGBTQ+ musical artists whom Country Queer described as "important but under-heard voices in queer country." Notable artists who have been featured in the column include Adrianne Lenker, Becca Mancari, Big Thief, Chris Housman, Ginger Minj, Girlpuppy, John-Allison Weiss, Meg Duffy, Terry Blade, and Waylon Payne.
On December 29, 2020, Country Queer launched a directory consisting of Country and Americana musical artists who publicly identify as LGBTQ+. On February 10, 2021, BillBoard reported that the publication had grown to 13,500 monthly visitors in January 2021–a 67% increase from December 2020. In September 2021, Country Queer presented a Rainbow Happy Hour showcase at the 2021 Americana Music Festival & Conference in Nashville, Tennessee. The showcase featured artists Jett Holden, Izzy Heltai, Joy Clark, Lilli Lewis, Lizzy No, Mya Byrne, Paisley Fields, and The Whitmore Sisters.
In November 2021, Lilli Lewis accepted an invitation to be Country Queer's interim editor-in-chief. Notable artists who have interviewed with Country Queer include Aaron Lee Tasjan, Amythyst Kiah, Brandy Clark, Jake Blount, Kattie Pruit, Ryan Cassata, and Terry Blade.
# Cameron M. Alexander

Cameron M. Alexander (February 12, 1932 – December 30, 2018) was an American Baptist minister. He was the leader of the 12,000-member Antioch Baptist Church North and community leader in the English Avenue neighborhood (also known as part of "The Bluff") in Atlanta.
In October 2010, Kennedy Street in English Avenue was renamed Cameron M. Alexander Blvd. in his honor.
Rev. Alexander died on December 30, 2018, at age 86.
# Norman Kelvin

Norman Kelvin (August 27, 1924 – April 14, 2014) was an American scholar of English. He was Distinguished Professor of English at City College of New York and Graduate Center, CUNY. Kelvin was a recipient of a 1974 Guggenheim Fellowship.

## Biography

Kelvin was born in Brooklyn on August 27, 1924. He received a scholarship to Columbia University and attended Columbia until he entered the United States Army in 1943, serving in the United States Medical Corps in Clinton, Iowa and the Philippines. After being discharged from the army, Kelvin returned to Columbia as a pre-medical student. He later switched to literature and received his B.A. in 1948, M.Phil. in 1950, and Ph.D. in English and comparative literature in 1960. His doctoral dissertation focused on British novelist George Meredith.
Kelvin taught at Rutgers University and Columbia as a graduate student and began teaching in City College of New York in 1961, remaining at the institution until he retired in 2006. He wrote on the works of novelist E. M. Forster and was known for his four-volume edited edition of The Letters of William Morris, supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities fellowship.
Kelvin retired from teaching in 2006 and died on April 14, 2014.
# 2024 Cité Soleil massacre

The 2024 Cité Soleil massacre took place on 6 and 7 December 2024, in the commune of Cité Soleil in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. This massacre was perpetrated by the Wharf Jeremie gang, leaving at least 207 people dead according to the United Nations. Elderly Haitian Vodou practitioners were the primary targets.
The death toll of 207 fatalities makes this massacre the most deadly gang incident in Haiti in 2024.

## Attack

According to the National Human Rights Defense Network (RNDDH), Monel "Mikano" Felix, leader of the Wharf Jeremie gang, ordered the attack on elderly practitioners of Haitian Vodou after a Vodou priest blamed the terminal illness of Felix's son on witchcraft conducted in the slum of Cité Soleil. On Friday, 6 December 2024, gang members affiliated with Felix killed at least 60 people, and more than 50 individuals were killed the following day when Felix's child died. The killings were carried out with machetes, other knives, and firearms. At least 127 of the victims were elderly (over 60 years of age), and local witnessed attested that some younger people who attempted to intervene were also killed.
International news of the massacre did not emerge until 8 December 2024, which RNDDH blamed on heavily restricted internet access in gang-controlled areas of Port-au-Prince.

## Responses

The Haitian government called the massacre an act of "unbearable cruelty". The prime minister's office promised to "mobilize all forces to track down and annihilate" the responsible parties. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres called on the government to "conduct a thorough investigation and ensure that perpetrators of these and all other human rights abuses and violations are brought to justice".