# Organizational structure of the United States Department of Defense

The United States Department of Defense (DoD) has a complex organizational structure. It includes the Army, Navy, the Marine Corps, Air Force, Space Force, the Unified combatant commands, U.S. elements of multinational commands (such as NATO and NORAD), as well as non-combat agencies such as the Defense Intelligence Agency and the National Security Agency. The DoD's annual budget was roughly US$496.1 billion in 2015. This figure is the base amount and does not include the $64.3 billion spent on "War/Non-War Supplementals". Including those items brings the total to $560.6 billion for 2015.
Civilian control over matters other than operations is exercised through the three service departments, the Department of the Army, the Department of the Navy (which includes the Marine Corps), and the Department of the Air Force (which includes the Space Force). Each is led by a service secretary, who is below Cabinet rank.
In wartime, the Department has authority over the Coast Guard, which is under the control of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in peacetime. Prior to the creation of DHS, the Coast Guard was under the control of the Department of Transportation, and earlier under the Department of the Treasury. According to the U.S. Code, the Coast Guard is at all times considered one of the six armed services of the United States. During times of declared war (or by Congressional direction), the Coast Guard operates as a part of the Navy; this has not happened since World War II, but members have served in undeclared wars and conflicts since then while the service remained in its peacetime department.
The Pentagon Reservation in Arlington County, Virginia, across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C., is the Department's headquarters. The Department is protected by the Pentagon Force Protection Agency, which ensures law enforcement and security for the Pentagon and various other jurisdictions throughout the National Capital Region (NCR).

## Chain of Command

The President of the United States is, according to the Constitution, the Commander-in-Chief of the U.S. Armed Forces and Chief Executive of the Federal Government. The Secretary of Defense is the "Principal Assistant to the President in all matters relating to the Department of Defense", and is vested with statutory authority (10 U.S.C. § 113) to lead the Department and all of its component agencies, including military command authority second only to the President.
The President and the Secretary of Defense exercise authority and control of the Armed Forces through two distinct branches of the chain of command. One branch (10 U.S.C. § 162) runs from the President, through the Secretary of Defense, to the Unified Combatant Commanders for missions and forces assigned to their commands. The other branch, used for purposes other than operational direction of forces assigned to the Unified Combatant Commands, runs from the President through the Secretary of Defense to the Secretaries of the Military Departments, i.e., the Secretary of the Army (10 U.S.C. § 7013), the Secretary of the Navy (10 U.S.C. § 8013), and the Secretary of the Air Force (10 U.S.C. § 9013). The Military Departments, organized separately within the Department, operate under the authority, direction, and control of the Secretary of that Military Department. The Secretaries of the Military Departments exercise authority through their respective Service Chiefs (i.e., Chief of Staff of the Army, Commandant of the Marine Corps, Chief of Naval Operations, Chief of Staff of the Air Force, and Chief of Space Operations) over forces not assigned to a Unified Combatant Command. Except as otherwise prescribed by law, the Service Chiefs perform their duties under the authority, direction, and control of the Secretaries of their respective Military Departments, to whom they are directly responsible.
In the Goldwater-Nichols Department of Defense Reorganization Act of 1986, Congress clarified the command line to the Unified Combatant Commanders and preserved civilian control of the military. The Act states that the operational chain of command runs from the President to the Secretary of Defense to the Unified Combatant Commanders. The Act permits the President to direct that communications pass through the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from the Secretary of Defense and the Unified Combatant Commanders. This authority places the Chairman in the communications chain. Further, the Act gives the Secretary of Defense wide latitude to assign the Chairman oversight responsibilities for the Unified Combatant Commanders' activities.

### Civilian control

Article II Section 2 of the Constitution designates the President as "Commander in Chief" of the Army, Navy and state militias. The President exercises this supreme command authority through the civilian Secretary of Defense, who by federal law is the head of the department, has authority direction, and control over the Department of Defense, and is the principal assistant to the President in all matters relating to the Department of Defense. The Secretary's principal deputy is the equally civilian Deputy Secretary of Defense who is delegated full powers to act for the Secretary of Defense. The Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) is the Secretary and Deputy Secretary's civilian staff, which includes several Under Secretaries and Assistant Secretaries of Defense with functional oversight responsibilities. The Secretaries of the Military Departments (i.e. Secretary of the Army, Secretary of the Navy, and Secretary of the Air Force) are subordinate to the Secretary of Defense. They have the authority under Title 10 of the United States Code to conduct all the affairs of their respective departments (Department of the Army, Department of the Navy, and Department of the Air Force) within which the military services are organized. Although subordinate to the Secretary of Defense, they are appointed by, and serve at the pleasure of, the President of the United States. As such, they cannot be removed from office by the Secretary of Defense, but can only be removed unilaterally by the President, or through impeachment by the Congress.
Historically, there have been challenges to civilian control. Most notably, during the Korean War, General Douglas MacArthur ignored civilian instructions regarding advancing troops toward the Yalu River, which triggered an introduction of massive forces from China. Also, on April 5, 1950, Representative Joseph William Martin Jr., the Minority Leader of the United States House of Representatives, released copies of a letter from MacArthur critical of President Harry S. Truman's limited-war strategy to the press and read it aloud on the floor of the house. President Truman relieved MacArthur of command, and MacArthur then explored political options against Truman. The Revolt of the Admirals is another example in the same era of a challenge to civilian control.
DoD policies and directives protect the policy of civilian control by establishing strict limitations on military members' political activities. For example, DoD Directive 1344.10 prohibits active-duty members of the military from running for office or making political appearances in uniform. However, enforcing this strict separation between the military and politics has been problematic. For example, over the years, many elected officials, including members of Congress, continued serving in the reserves while holding elected office. As another example, at a September 14, 2007, rally for Republican Presidential candidate John McCain in New Hampshire, seven on-duty uniformed Army personnel addressed the gathering. As another example, although DOD Directive 1344.10 prohibits political appearances by active-duty military members in uniform, Virginia Governor Bob McDonnell invited a uniformed Army Staff Sergeant to stand behind him during his televised Republican response to the 2010 State of the Union Address.

## Components of the Department of Defense

Program :
| Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense | Defense Innovation Unit |
| Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense | Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs *Defense Media Activity |
| Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense | Director of Administration and Management *Pentagon Force Protection Agency *Washington Headquarters Services |
| Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense | Assistant Secretary of Defense for Legislative Affairs |
| Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense | Director of Cost Assessment and Program Evaluation |
| Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense | Office of Net Assessment |
| Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense | General Counsel of Defense *Defense Legal Services Agency |
| Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense | Chief Data and Artificial Intelligence Officer |
| Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense | Chief Information Officer *Defense Information Systems Agency |
| Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense | Operational Test and Evaluation Directorate |
| Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense | United States Department of the Army |
| Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense | United States Department of the Navy |
| Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense | United States Department of the Air Force |
| Secretary of Defense Deputy Secretary of Defense | Joint Chiefs of Staff |
| Acquisition and Sustainment Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment | Assistant Secretary of Defense (Acquisition) *Defense Contract Management Agency *Defense Acquisition University *Joint Rapid Acquisition Cell |
| Acquisition and Sustainment Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment | Assistant Secretary of Defense (Sustainment) *Director of the Office of Economic Adjustment *Director of the Defense Logistics Agency |
| Acquisition and Sustainment Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment | Assistant Secretary of Defense for Energy, Installations, and Environment/Chief Sustainability Officer *Office of Local Defense Community Cooperation (OLDCC) |
| Acquisition and Sustainment Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment | Assistant Secretary of Defense (Nuclear, Chemical & Biological Defense Programs) *Defense Threat Reduction Agency |
| Acquisition and Sustainment Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment | Assistant Secretary of Defense for Industrial Policy *Office of Small Business Programs |
| Acquisition and Sustainment Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment | Joint Production Accelerator Cell Director of Special Programs |
| Research and Engineering Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering | Assistant Secretary of Defense for Science and Technology |
| Research and Engineering Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering | Assistant Secretary of Defense for Critical Technologies |
| Research and Engineering Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering | Assistant Secretary of Defense for Mission Capabilities |
| Research and Engineering Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering | Missile Defense Agency |
| Research and Engineering Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering | DARPA |
| Policy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy | Assistant Secretary of Defense (Strategy, Plans, and Capabilities) |
| Policy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy | Assistant Secretary of Defense (International Security Affairs) *Secretary of Defense Representative in the United States Mission to NATO *Secretary of Defense Representative to the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe |
| Policy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy | Assistant Secretary of Defense (Homeland Defense) and Global Strategic Affairs |
| Policy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy | Assistant Secretary of Defense (Special Operations and Low-Intensity Conflict) |
| Policy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy | Assistant Secretary of Defense (Indo-Pacific Security Affairs) |
| Policy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy | Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency |
| Policy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy | Defense Security Cooperation Agency |
| Policy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy | Defense Policy Board Advisory Committee |
| Policy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Policy | Defense Technology Security Administration |
| Comptroller Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)/CFO Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) | Deputy Comptroller (Program/Budget) |
| Comptroller Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)/CFO Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) | Deputy Comptroller (Budget and Appropriation Affairs) |
| Comptroller Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)/CFO Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) | Deputy Comptroller (Enterprise Financial Transformation) |
| Comptroller Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)/CFO Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) | Deputy Chief Financial Officer |
| Comptroller Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)/CFO Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) | Director, Human Capital and Resource Management |
| Comptroller Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)/CFO Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) | Defense Contract Audit Agency |
| Comptroller Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller)/CFO Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) | Defense Finance and Accounting Service |
| Personnel and Readiness Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness | Joint Advertising Marketing Research & Studies (JAMRS) |
| Personnel and Readiness Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness | Military Deputy to the Under Secretary of Defense (Personnel and Readiness) *Office of Diversity Management and Equal Opportunity **Defense Equal Opportunity Management Institute *Defense Suicide Prevention Office *Personnel Risk Reduction Office |
| Personnel and Readiness Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness | Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs) *Defense Health Agency *Military Health System **TRICARE Management Activity |
| Personnel and Readiness Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness | Assistant Secretary of Defense (Manpower and Reserve Affairs) *Defense Commissary Agency *Department of Defense Education Activity **Department of Defense Dependents Schools *Office of Total Force Planning & Requirements *Transition to Veterans Program Office |
| Personnel and Readiness Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness | Defense Human Resources Activity |
| Personnel and Readiness Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness | DoD/VA Collaboration Office |
| Personnel and Readiness Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness | Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences |
| Personnel and Readiness Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness Deputy Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness | Office of the Chancellor for Education and Professional Development |
| Intelligence and Security Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Intelligence) | Director for Defense Intelligence (Warfighter Support) |
| Intelligence and Security Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Intelligence) | Director for Defense Intelligence (Intelligence & Security) |
| Intelligence and Security Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Intelligence) | Director for Defense Intelligence (Technical Collection & Special Programs) |
| Intelligence and Security Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Intelligence) | Director for Defense Intelligence (Intelligence Strategy, Programs & Resources) |
| Intelligence and Security Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Intelligence) | Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency |
| Intelligence and Security Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Intelligence) | Defense Intelligence Agency |
| Intelligence and Security Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Intelligence) | National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency |
| Intelligence and Security Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Intelligence) | National Security Agency |
| Intelligence and Security Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Intelligence) | Central Security Service |
| Intelligence and Security Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Deputy Under Secretary of Defense (Intelligence) | National Reconnaissance Office |

### Defense Agencies

Defense Agencies are established as DoD Components by law, the President, or the Secretary of Defense to provide for the performance, on a DoD-wide basis, of a supply or service activity that is common to more than one Military Department when it is determined to be more effective, economical, or efficient to do so, pursuant to sections 101, 191(a), and 192 of Title 10 of the United States Code or when a responsibility or function is more appropriately assigned to a Defense Agency. Pursuant to section 191(b) Title 10, such organizations are designated as Defense Agencies. Each Defense Agency operates under the authority, direction, and control of the Secretary of Defense, through a Principal Staff Assistant in the Office of the Secretary of Defense.
On 1 March 2003 the Secretary of Defense lost Executive Agent responsibilities for the National Communications System, which was moved to the Department of Homeland Security. However the NCS still centralized its activities within the Department of Defense, since the human resources required by NCS (example: Military Departments) still reside within the Department of Defense, or for retention of practical maintenance. The NCS was finally disestablished in 2012.
| Name | Acronym | Charter | Under the Authority of | Headquarters |
| Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency | DARPA | DoDD 5134.10 | Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment | Arlington, Virginia |
| Defense Commissary Agency | DeCA | DoDD 5105.55 | Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness | Fort Gregg-Adams, Virginia |
| Defense Contract Audit Agency | DCAA | DoDD 5105.36 | Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) | Fort Belvoir, Virginia |
| Defense Contract Management Agency | DCMA | DoDD 5105.64 | Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment | Fort Gregg-Adams, Virginia |
| Defense Finance and Accounting Service | DFAS | DoDD 5118.05 | Under Secretary of Defense (Comptroller) | Arlington, Virginia |
| Defense Information Systems Agency | DISA | DoDD 5105.19 | Chief Information Officer | Arlington, Virginia |
| Defense Intelligence Agency | DIA | DoDD 5105.21 | Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence | Joint Base Anacostia-Bolling, District of Columbia |
| Defense Legal Services Agency | DLSA | DoDD 5145.04 | General Counsel of the Department of Defense | The Pentagon |
| Defense Logistics Agency | DLA | DoDD 5105.22 | Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment | Fort Belvoir, Virginia |
| Defense Security Cooperation Agency | DSCA | DoDD 5105.65 | Under Secretary of Defense for Policy | The Pentagon |
| Defense Counterintelligence and Security Agency | DCSA | Executive Order 13869 | Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence | Quantico, Virginia |
| Defense Threat Reduction Agency | DTRA | DoDD 5105.62 | Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment | Fort Belvoir, Virginia |
| Missile Defense Agency | MDA | DoDD 5134.09 | Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment | The Pentagon |
| National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency | NGA | DoDD 5105.60 | Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence | Springfield, Virginia |
| National Reconnaissance Office | NRO | DoDD 5105.23 | Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence | Chantilly, Virginia |
| National Security Agency Central Security Service | NSA/CSS | DoDD 5100.20 | Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence | Fort Meade, Maryland |
| Pentagon Force Protection Agency | PFPA | DoDD 5105.68 | Director of Administration and Management | The Pentagon |

### Department of Defense Field Activities

Department of Defense Field Activities are established as DoD Components by law, the President, or the Secretary of Defense to provide for the performance, on a DoD-wide basis, of a supply or service activity that is common to more than one Military Department when it is determined to be more effective, economical, or efficient to do so, pursuant to sections 101, 191(a), and 192 of Title 10 of the United States Code. Pursuant to section 191(b) of Title 10, such organizations are designated as DoD Field Activities. Each DoD Field Activity operates under the authority, direction, and control of the Secretary of Defense, through a Principal Staff Assistant in the Office of the Secretary of Defense.
| Name | Acronym | Charter | Under the Authority of | Headquarters |
| Defense Media Activity | DMA | DoDD 5105.74 | Assistant to the Secretary of Defense for Public Affairs | Fort Meade, MD |
| Defense POW/MIA Accounting Agency | DPAA | DoDD 5110.10 | Under Secretary of Defense for Policy | The Pentagon |
| Defense Technical Information Center | DTIC | DoDD 5105.73 | Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment | Fort Belvoir, VA |
| Defense Technology Security Administration | DTSA | DoDD 5105.72 | Under Secretary of Defense for Policy | The Pentagon |
| Department of Defense Education Activity | DoDEA | DoDD 1342.20 | Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness | Arlington, VA |
| Department of Defense Human Resources Activity | DoDHRA | DoDD 5100.87 | Under Secretary of Defense for Personnel and Readiness | Arlington, VA |
| Department of Defense Test Resource Management Center | TRMC | DoDD 5105.71 | Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment | |
| Office of Economic Adjustment | OEA | DoDD 3030.01 | Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment | Arlington, VA |
| Washington Headquarters Services | WHS | DoDD 5110.04 | Director of Administration and Management | The Pentagon |

### Military Departments
#### Department of the Army

The Department of the Army includes all elements of the U.S. Army
* Secretary of the Army

##### Headquarters, Department of the Army

* Office of the Secretary of the Army
* Chief of Staff of the Army

##### Army Field Organizations

* Army Commands
* Army Component Commands
* Field Operating Agencies
* Direct Reporting Units

#### Department of the Navy

The Department of the Navy includes all elements of the U.S. Navy and the U.S. Marine Corps
* Secretary of the Navy
** Office of the Secretary of the Navy
* Under Secretary of the Navy

##### OPNAV

* Chief of Naval Operations
** Office of the Chief of Naval Operations
** United States Naval Observatory falls under the Chief of Naval Operations.
* Vice Chief of Naval Operations

##### Navy Subordinate Components

* See also: Structure of the United States Navy § Operating Forces
* See also: Structure of the United States Navy § Numbered Fleet
* See also: Structure of the United States Navy § The Shore Establishment

##### Headquarters Marine Corps

* Commandant of the Marine Corps
* Headquarters Marine Corps (See also: Organization of the United States Marine Corps)

#### Department of the Air Force

The Department of the Air Force includes all elements of the United States Air Force and the United States Space Force
* Secretary of the Air Force
** Office of the Secretary of the Air Force
* Under Secretary of the Air Force

##### Headquarters Air Force

* Chief of Staff of the Air Force
** The Air Staff

##### Air Force Field Organizations

* Major Commands
* Direct Reporting Units
* Field Operating Agencies

##### Headquarters Space Force

* Chief of Space Operations
** The Space Staff

##### Space Force Field Organizations

* Field commands

#### Organization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

* Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
** Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
*** Joint Requirements Oversight Council
** Joint Chiefs of Staff
** The Joint Staff
*** Director of the Joint Staff
**** Vice Director of the Joint Staff
**** DOM- Directorate of Management
**** J1 – Personnel and Manpower
**** J2 – Intelligence
**** J3 – Operations
***** National Military Command Center
***** Alternate National Military Command Center
***** National Airborne Operations Center
**** J4 – Logistics
**** J5 – Strategic Plans and Policy
**** J6 – Command, Control, Communications and Computer Systems
**** J7 – Operational Plans and Joint Force Development
**** J8 – Force Structure, Resources, and Assessment
** National Defense University
*** College of International Security Affairs
*** Industrial College of the Armed Forces
*** Information Resources Management College
*** Joint Forces Staff College
*** National War College
** U.S. Delegation to the Inter-American Defense Board
** U.S. Delegation to the United Nations Military Staff Committee
** U.S. Representative at the NATO Military Committee
** U.S. Section, Joint Mexico-U.S. Defense Commission

#### Unified Combatant Commands

There are eleven Unified Combatant Commands: seven regional and four functional. Africa Command became initially operational in October 2007, while Joint Forces Command was officially disestablished on August 4, 2011. Space Command was reestablished in August 2019.
| Name | Acronym | Headquarters | Area of Responsibility | Other Role of CCDR |
| United States Africa Command | AFRICOM | Kelley Barracks, Stuttgart, Germany; to be relocated to African continent or other location TBD | Africa excluding Egypt | |
| United States Central Command | CENTCOM | MacDill Air Force Base, Florida | Egypt through the Persian Gulf region, into Central Asia, excluding Israel | |
| United States European Command | EUCOM | Stuttgart, Germany | Europe, including Turkey, and Israel | Also Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) |
| United States Northern Command | NORTHCOM | Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado | North American homeland defense and coordinating homeland defense with federal and state civil authorities. | Also Commander of North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD) (bilateral U.S.-Canadian military command) |
| United States Indo-Pacific Command | INDOPACOM | Camp H. M. Smith, Oahu, Hawaii | The Indo-Asia-Pacific region including Hawaii. | |
| United States Southern Command | SOUTHCOM | Miami, Florida | Latin America and the Caribbean excluding Mexico and Puerto Rico | |
| United States Space Command | SPACECOM | Peterson Air Force Base, Colorado | Outer Space | |
| United States Cyber Command | CYBERCOM | Fort George G. Meade, Maryland | Provides cyber operations for the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, and Air Force. | Also Director of the National Security Agency |
| United States Special Operations Command | SOCOM | MacDill Air Force Base, Florida | Provides special operations for the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, and Air Force. | |
| United States Strategic Command | STRATCOM | Offutt Air Force Base, Nebraska | Deters strategic attack and employs forces, as directed, to guarantee the security of our Nation and our Allies. | |
| United States Transportation Command | TRANSCOM | Scott Air Force Base, Illinois | Covers global mobility of all military assets for all regional commands. | |
* The Geographic Commands
In 2007, a new geographical command for Africa was authorized. This proposed significant changes to the areas of responsibility for other adjacent geographical commands as shown in the accompanying graphic.

#### Office of the Inspector General of the Department of Defense

The Office of the Inspector General is an independent and objective unit within the Department of Defense that conducts and supervises audits and investigations relating to the programs and operations of the Department of Defense, pursuant to the responsibilities specified in title 5, U.S.C. Appendix and DoDD 5106.01.
* Inspector General of the Department of Defense
** Defense Criminal Investigative Service

#### National Guard Bureau

The National Guard Bureau (NGB) is a joint activity of the Department of Defense. The Chief of the National Guard Bureau is a principal advisor to the Secretary of Defense, through the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, on matters involving non-federalized National Guard forces, and other matters as determined by the Secretary of Defense. For NGB matters pertaining to the Departments of the Army and Air Force's responsibilities in law or DoD policy, the Secretary of Defense normally exercises authority, direction, and control over the NGB through the Secretaries of the Army and the Air Force. The NGB is the focal point at the strategic level for National Guard matters that are not under the authority, direction, and control of the Secretaries of the Army or Air Force, including joint, interagency, and intergovernmental matters where the NGB acts through other DoD officials as specified in DoDD 5105.77.
* Chief of the National Guard Bureau