# Amstrad GX4000

The GX4000 is a short-lived video game console from Amstrad which shipped in Europe in 1990. The console is based on an upgraded version of the Amstrad CPC technology and is compatible with the majority of CPC Plus software. The GX4000 shipped with two gamepads and the game Burnin' Rubber.
The GX4000 was Amstrad's first and only attempt at entering the console market. Although offering enhanced graphics capabilities, it failed to gain popularity in the market, and was quickly discontinued, selling 15,000 units in total. 27 games were released on ROM cartridge, many of which were originally for the CPC.

## Launch

After months of speculation, the GX4000 was officially announced along with the 464 plus and 6128 plus computers at the CNIT Centre in Paris in August 1990. The system was launched a month later in four countries, Britain, France, Spain, and Italy, priced at £99.99 in Britain and 990F in France; software was priced at £25 for most games. The racing game Burnin' Rubber, a power pack, and two controllers were bundled with the machine.
Initial reviews of the console were favourable, with CVG calling it a "neat looking and technically impressive console that has an awful lot of potential at the very low price of £99", but while impressed by the graphical capabilities, they criticised the audio and controllers. ACE magazine came to a similar conclusion, stating that the system "puts the other 8-bit offerings to shame bar the PC-Engine".
A marketing budget of £20 million was set aside for Europe, with the advertising focused on selling the GX4000 as a home alternative to playing arcade video games. The tagline for the machine was "Bring the whole arcade into your home!"

## Market performance

The GX4000 was not successful commercially. Software for the system was short in number and slow to arrive, consumer interest was low, and coverage from popular magazines of the time was slight, with some readers complaining about a lack of information regarding the machine (Amstrad Action was one of the few magazines to support the console). Within a few weeks of the initial launch, the system could be bought at discounted prices, and by July 1991 some stores were selling it for as little as £29.99.
Many GX4000 games were CPC games repackaged on cartridge with minor or no improvements, which led to consumer disinterest, with many users unwilling to pay £25 for a cartridge game they could buy for £3.99 on cassette instead.
Amstrad lacked the marketing power to compete with the producers of the Mega Drive (released in November 1990 in Europe) and eventually the Super NES. There were also problems with software manufacturing, with companies complaining that the duplication process took months instead of weeks, leading to little software available at launch, and some games being released late or cancelled entirely.
When discussing the market failure of the system, the designer, Cliff Lawson, claimed that the GX4000 was technically "at least as good" as the SNES, and that the machine faltered due to a lack of games and Amstrad not having the money to compete with Nintendo and Sega. When asked whether anything could have been done to make the machine a success, he replied that more money would have been required to give software houses more incentive to support Amstrad, and that the games and software needed to be delivered sooner; he also remarked that making the machine 16-bit would have helped.

## Technical specifications

* CPU: 8-bit Zilog Z80A at 4 MHz
* ASIC: Support for sprites, soft scrolling, programmable interrupts, DMA Sound
Resolution
* Mode 0: 160×200 pixels with 16 colours
* Mode 1: 320×200 pixels with 4 colours
* Mode 2: 640×200 pixels with 2 colours
Colour
* Depth: 12-bit RGB
* Colours available: 4096
* Maximum colours onscreen: 32 (16 for background, 15 for sprites, 1 for border)
Maximum onscreen colour counts can be increased in all Modes through the use of interrupts.
Sprites
* Number: 16 high resolution sprites per line
* Sizes: 16×16 (each sprite can be magnified 2× or 4× in X and Y)
* Colours: Each sprite can use up to 15 colours
Memory
* RAM: 64 KiB
* VRAM: 16 KiB (inside main RAM)
* ROM: up to 512 KiB per cartridge
Audio
* 3-channel stereo; AY-3-8912 chip
* DMA
IO Audio output, 2× Digital controller connectors, Analog controller port (IBM standard), Lightgun connector (RJ11), Audio and RGB Video output (8-pin DIN), Power supply socket from external PSU, Power supply socket from monitor.

## Peripherals

The GX4000 controller is similar to the gamepads of the Master System, Nintendo Entertainment System, and TurboGrafx-16. There are two buttons and a directional controller on the gamepad. A pause button is on the console itself. The controller is connected via an Atari joystick port.
There is also an IBM standard analog controller port, but analog controllers are not widely supported by software.
A light gun can be connected via dedicated RJ11 connector. Multiple 3rd party Light guns were available. Two games have light gun support: Skeet Shoot and The Enforcer. These were both distributed with a third-party gun.

## Games

In all, nearly 30 games were produced and distributed for the GX4000. The majority of games were made by UK- and French-based companies such as Ocean, Titus, and Loriciels.
Notable games were the pack-in game, Burnin' Rubber, as well as RoboCop 2, Pang, Plotting, Navy Seals and Switchblade.
Many more games were initially announced, such as Toki, Kick Off 2, and Out Run, but later cancelled when the system failed to sell.
There were 27 games on the GX4000, of which 13 are enhanced versions of previously released games on the Amstrad CPC, 8 are released for Amstrad GX4000 only but not for Amstrad CPC and 4 are direct ports from the Amstrad CPC.
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| Title | Genre(s) | Publisher(s) | Release date(s) | GX4000 version |
| Barbarian II: The Dungeon of Drax | Action | Ocean | 1990 | |
| Batman | Action | Ocean | 1990 | GX4000 enhanced |
| Burnin' Rubber | Action | Ocean | 1990 | GX4000 only |
| Chase HQ II | Racing | Ocean | 1990 | Very few copies released |
| Copter 271 | Shooter | Loriciels | 1991 | GX4000 only |
| Crazy Cars II | Racing | Titus | 1990 | GX4000 enhanced |
| Dick Tracy | Action | Titus | 1991 | GX4000 enhanced |
| Epyx World of Sports | Sports | Epyx | 1990 | GX4000 enhanced |
| Fire & Forget II | Racing | Titus | 1990 | GX4000 enhanced |
| Gazza II | Sports | Empire Interactive | 1990 | Unreleased |
| Klax | Puzzle | Domark | 1990 | GX4000 enhanced |
| Mystical | Action | Infogrames | 1990 | |
| Navy SEALS | Action | Ocean | 1990 | GX4000 only |
| No Exit | Fighting | Coktel Vision | 1990 | GX4000 enhanced |
| Operation Thunderbolt | Shooter | Ocean | 1990 | GX4000 enhanced |
| Pang | Shooter | Ocean | 1990 | GX4000 enhanced |
| Panza Kick Boxing | Fighting | Loriciels | 1991 | GX4000 enhanced |
| Plotting | Puzzle | Ocean | 1990 | GX4000 only |
| Pro Tennis Tour | Sports | Ubi Soft | 1990 | GX4000 enhanced |
| RoboCop 2 | Shooter | Ocean | 1990 | GX4000 only |
| Skeet Shoot | Shooter | Trojan | 1990 | GX4000 only |
| Super Pinball Magic | Pinball | Loriciels | 1991 | GX4000 enhanced |
| Switchblade | Action | Gremlin Graphics | 1990 | |
| Tennis Cup 2 | Sports | Loriciels | 1990 | GX4000 only |
| The Enforcer | Shooter | Trojan | 1990 | GX4000 only |
| Tintin on the Moon | Action | Infogrames | 1990 | |
| Wild Streets | Action | Titus | 1990 | GX4000 enhanced |