# Queen of Malaysia

The Queen of Malaysia, officially Raja Permaisuri Agong (lit. 'supreme queen' Jawi: راج ڤرمايسوري اݢوڠ) is the consort of the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the elected, constitutional federal monarch of Malaysia.

## Title and precedence

The queen's full style and title in Malay is Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia Seri Paduka Baginda Raja Permaisuri Agong.
* Kebawah Duli Yang Maha Mulia literally means 'Under the dust of the Almighty', referring to how the Raja Permaisuri Agong's power and prestige is dust compared to God's power and the ruler and his consort are always subservient to God.
* Seri Paduka Baginda refers to Seri as in a person. Paduka means victorious and the term Baginda is the Malay possessive pronoun for a royal in the third person.
* Raja Permaisuri Agong in literal English is the "Supreme Queen". It is an archaic equivalent to Raja where the female is a Raja Permaisuri and "Agong" (or Agung in standard Malay) means 'supreme'. The term Agong is not translated, as in the Constitution of Malaysia. The Malay word permaisuri is derived from Sanskrit परमेश्वरी (parameśvarī), 'supreme lady'.
Common English terms used in the media and by the general public include "Supreme Queen" and "Paramount Consort".
In formal English correspondence, for many years the queen was referred to as "Her Majesty The Raja Permaisuri Agong". In January 2024, this was changed to "Her Majesty The Queen of Malaysia".
There are two formal ways of addressing the queen:
* Malay: Tuanku (literally 'My Lady')
* English: Your Majesty
The queen immediately follows her husband, the king, in the Malaysian order of precedence.

## Status, functions, and privileges

The king is elected (de facto rotated) every five years from among the nine hereditary rulers of the states of Malaysia by the Conference of Rulers. When a ruler is elected to the office of king, his consort is automatically bestowed the title and dignity of queen and serves the same term of office as her husband. In effect, the holder of the title of Queen of Malaysia changes every five years, though it could happen earlier due to the death or abdication of the king during his term of office.
Like many spouses of heads of state, the queen has no stipulated role in the Constitution of Malaysia. She accompanies the king to official functions and state visits, as well as hosting visiting heads of state and their spouses during their visits to Malaysia. Article 34 of the Malaysian Constitution forbids the queen from holding any appointment, carrying any remuneration, or actively engaging in any commercial enterprise during her tenure. The queen is, however, legally entitled to an annual payment which is included in the Civil List of the king during his term of office.
Previous holders of the title of Queen of Malaysia whose husbands are deceased receive a pension from the Federal Government's Civil List. They also take precedence immediately after the reigning king, the current queen, the reigning monarchs of royal states, and the Yang di-Pertua Negeri (governors) of non-royal states.

## List of queens of Malaysia

The following consorts have served in the office of queen:
| Number | Name | State | Tenure start | Tenure end | Yang di-Pertuan Agong | Birth | Death |
| 1 (I) | Tuanku Kurshiah | Negeri Sembilan | 31 August 1957 | 1 April 1960 | Tuanku Abdul Rahman | 16 May 1911 | 2 Feb 1999 |
| 2 (II) | Raja Jema'ah | Selangor | 14 April 1960 | 1 September 1960 | Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah | 1900 | 8 Apr 1973 |
| 3 (III) | Tengku Budriah | Perlis | 21 September 1960 | 20 September 1965 | Tuanku Syed Putra | 28 Mar 1924 | 28 Nov 2008 |
| 4 (IV) | Tengku Intan Zaharah | Terengganu | 21 September 1965 | 20 September 1970 | Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah | 13 Apr 1928 | 24 Jan 2015 |
| 5 (V) | Tuanku Bahiyah | Kedah | 21 September 1970 | 20 September 1975 | Sultan Abdul Halim Mu'adzam Shah | 24 Aug 1930 | 26 Aug 2003 |
| 6 (VI) | Tengku Zainab | Kelantan | 21 September 1975 | 29 March 1979 | Sultan Yahya Petra | 7 Aug 1917 | 10 Jan 1993 |
| 7 (VII) | Tengku Hajah Afzan | Pahang | 26 April 1979 | 25 April 1984 | Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah Al-Musta'in Billah | 4 Dec 1932 | 29 Jun 1988 |
| 8 (VIII) | Tengku Zanariah | Johor | 26 April 1984 | 25 April 1989 | Sultan Iskandar | 5 Jul 1940 | 17 Mar 2019 |
| 9 (IX) | Tuanku Bainun | Perak | 26 April 1989 | 25 April 1994 | Sultan Azlan Muhibbuddin Shah | 7 Nov 1932 | Alive |
| 10 (X) | Tuanku Najihah | Negeri Sembilan | 26 April 1994 | 25 April 1999 | Tuanku Ja'afar | 1 Sep 1923 | 8 Sep 2023 |
| 11 (XI) | Tuanku Siti Aishah | Selangor | 26 April 1999 | 21 November 2001 | Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz | 18 Nov 1971 | Alive |
| 12 (XII) | Tengku Fauziah | Perlis | 13 December 2001 | 12 December 2006 | Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin | 6 Jun 1946 | Alive |
| 13 (XIII) | Tuanku Nur Zahirah | Terengganu | 13 December 2006 | 12 December 2011 | Sultan Mizan Zainal Abidin | 7 Dec 1973 | Alive |
| 14 (XIV) | Tuanku Hajah Haminah | Kedah | 13 December 2011 | 12 December 2016 | Sultan Abdul Halim of Kedah | 15 Jul 1953 | Alive |
| 15 (XV) | — | Kelantan | — | — | Sultan Muhammad V of Kelantan | — | — |
| 16 (XVI) | Tunku Azizah Aminah Maimunah Iskandariah | Pahang | 31 January 2019 | 30 January 2024 | Sultan Abdullah of Pahang | 5 Aug 1960 | Alive |
| 17 (XVII) | Raja Zarith Sofiah | Johor | 31 January 2024 | Incumbent | Sultan Ibrahim of Johor | 14 Aug 1959 | Alive |