OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Eduardo Barnes

Eduardo Amancio Barnes (March 24, 1901 – August 31, 1977) was an Argentine sculptor, and one of his country's preeminent creators of sacred art.

## Life and work

Barnes was born in Rosario in 1901. The self-taught sculptor worked with clay, marble, and bronze from early in his career, and by 1939, had created a number of reliefs as part of a series based on the Adoration of the Magi. Barnes would subsequently devote most of his work to religious themes common to Christianity. Collaborating with painter Antonio Berni during the latter's early career, Barnes exhibited his works in cities across the country. The catacombs underneath Rosario's Teatro El Círculo were then converted into the Eduardo Barnes Museum of Sacred Art in 1940.
He would earn a number of awards at the National Fine Arts Salons of Buenos Aires and Rosario, and in 1950, was invited to exhibit at the International Exhibition of Sacred Art in Rome, as well as in the Madrid Biennial of 1952. He created work for the Church of the Sacred Heart in La Plata, for the Somisa steelworkers' community in San Nicolás de los Arroyos, and in the Cathedral of Santa Rosa, La Pampa, among others.
Barnes, however, created much his work in his native Rosario. Some of the most notable included allegorical sculptures for the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Rosary, bas-reliefs representing the blessing of the Argentine flag and General Manuel Belgrano for the National Flag Memorial (1957), a series of 27 reliefs portraying the Via Crucis for the Church of Saint John the Evangelist (1966), and a monument to the founder of the Bank of Santa Fe, Carlos Casado del Alisal (his best known secular work), in 1970.
The noted sculptor taught in his discipline at numerous Rosario schools, serving as Professor of Drawing at the San Martín National College No. 53, in the National Superior School of Commerce, the Bernardino Rivadavia National Girls' High School, as well as Professor of Design at the University of the Littoral School of Architecture. He purchased a vacation home in Tanti, Córdoba, in which he would spend much of his later years, and adorned the entrance with a work titled La Vestal (modeled after his wife). Barnes died in 1977, in Rosario.
# Mark Toner

Mark Christopher Toner (born 1964) is a U.S. Foreign Service officer and former Spokesperson for the United States Department of State. He has served as the United States ambassador to Liberia since 2024.

## Early life and education

Toner was raised in Chadds Ford, Pennsylvania, graduating from the Salesianum School in nearby Wilmington, Delaware in 1982. He earned a B.A. degree from the University of Notre Dame in 1986 and later studied journalism at the University of California at Berkeley. Toner received a graduate degree from the National Defense University’s Industrial College of the Armed Forces. He was also a Peace Corps volunteer in Liberia.

## Career

As a career Foreign Service Officer, Toner served overseas in West Africa and Europe. Toner was the Information Officer in Dakar, Senegal, the Public Affairs Officer in Kraków, Poland, and the Spokesman for the U.S. Mission to NATO, in Brussels, Belgium. In Washington, Toner worked as a senior advisor for the Senate Foreign Relations Committee; as a Senior Watch Officer in the Department's Operations Center; and as the Director of the European Bureau’s Press and Public Outreach Division.
Toner currently holds the rank of Minister-Counselor.

### State Department deputy spokesperson

Toner was deputy spokesperson for the State Department from 2010 to 2013, serving with Spokesperson Victoria Nuland. Toner became Deputy Spokesperson again on June 1, 2015. Following Rear Admiral John Kirby's departure as the Department's Chief Spokesperson on January 20, 2017, Toner became Acting Spokesperson. He announced the pass of the spokesperson baton to Heather Nauert on April 27, 2017.

### U.S. ambassador to Liberia

On March 27, 2023, President Joe Biden nominated Toner to be the next ambassador to Liberia. He was confirmed by the Senate by voice vote on May 2, 2024. He arrived in Monrovia on August 2, 2024. Toner presented his credentials to Liberian President Joseph Boakai on August 7, 2024.

## Personal life

Toner speaks French and Polish.
# Sandro Perpétuo

Sandro Martins Perpétuo Júnior (born 29 June 2001), known as Sandro Perpétuo or simply Sandro, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Jabaquara. Mainly a right back, he can also play as a defensive midfielder.

## Club career
### Santos

Sandro was born in Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais, and joined Santos' youth setup at the age of 11. On 27 November 2017, he signed his first professional contract with the club.
On 12 September 2019, Sandro was loaned to Ponte Preta until the end of the 2020 Copa São Paulo de Futebol Júnior. He returned to his parent club in February 2020.
Sandro made his professional debut on 28 February 2021, starting in a 2–2 Campeonato Paulista away draw against Santo André. He played four more matches for the side before returning to the under-20s, and rescinded his contract with the club on 15 March 2022.

### Atlético Mineiro

On 16 March 2022, Sandro agreed to a deal with Atlético Mineiro.

## International career

On 14 October 2016, Sandro was called up to Brazil under-16s for a week of trainings.

## Career statistics

    As of 18 October 2023
| Club | Season | League | League | League | State League | State League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Santos | 2021 | Série A | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 5 | 0 |
| Atlético Mineiro | 2022 | Série A | 0 | 0 | — | — | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Oeste (loan) | 2022 | Série D | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Villa Nova (loan) | 2023 | Mineiro | — | — | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 2 | 0 |
| Oeste (loan) | 2023 | Paulista A2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Oeste (loan) | 2023 | Paulista A2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| Taquaritinga | 2024 | Paulista A4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Jabaquara | 2025 | Paulista A4 | — | — | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 0 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 1 | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 17 | 0 |
* 1 2 3 4 Appearance(s) in Copa Paulista
# Assignor estoppel

The doctrine of assignor estoppel is a doctrine of United States patent law barring a patent's seller (assignor) from attacking the patent's validity in subsequent patent infringement litigation. The doctrine is based on the doctrine of legal estoppel, which prohibits a grantor (typically, of real property) from challenging the validity of his/her/its grant.
In Diamond Scientific Co. v. Ambico, Inc., the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit distinguished the policies applicable to assignor estoppel from those applicable to licensee estoppel. It therefore held that the doctrine of Lear, Inc. v. Adkins, which applies to licenses and holds that public policy requires that licensees not be muzzled from challenging the validity of possibly spurious patents, does not apply to assignments.
The UK counterpart to this doctrine is the doctrine of non-derogation from grants. Under this doctrine, as explained in British Leyland Motor Corp. v. Armstrong Patents Co., a seller of realty or goods is not permitted to take any action (such as bringing an infringement action) that will lessen the value to the buyer of the thing sold. Thus, the owner of copyright in the tailpipe of a motor car, having sold the motor car, may not then bring a copyright infringement action to prevent the aftermarket sale of replacement tailpipes to purchasers of those motor cars. The application of the UK doctrine outside real estate law has been limited subsequently to Leyland, however, to consumer protection contexts.

## Examples

* For example, if Tom sold his U.S. patent rights to Jerry, and was sued by Jerry over infringement of that patent later, Tom is not allowed to challenge the patent's validity because he was the inventor.
    "Doctrine of assignor estoppel prevents unfairness and injustice of permitting party to sell patent rights and later assert that what he sold is worthless."
* This doctrine extends to those in "privity" with the assignor. If Tom becomes another company's largest shareholder, and that company is sued by Jerry over patent infringement, that company could very likely be barred from raising patent validity as a defense even if Tom was not personally involved in the infringing process.

## Case law

* Westinghouse Elec. & Mfg. Co. v. Formica Insulation Co., 266 U.S. 342, 45 S.Ct. 117 (1924).
* Diamond Scientific Co. v. Ambico, Inc., 848 F.2d 1220 (Fed. Cir. 1988), in some circumstances, equity may outweigh the estoppel doctrine.
* Mentor Graphics Corp. v. Quickturn Design Sys., Inc., 150 F.3d 1374, 1377-79 (Fed. Cir. 1998) ("Without exceptional circumstances...one who assigns a patent surrenders with that assignment the right to later challenge the validity of the assigned patent").
* Shamrock Technologies, Inc. v. Med. Sterilization, Inc., 903 F.2d 789, 793 (Fed. Cir. 1990) (Holding that assignor estoppel extends to parties in privity with the assignor).
* Minerva Surgical, Inc. v. Hologic, Inc. 594. U.S. ___ (2021) re-affirms the principle of assignor estoppel as long as the assignor contradicts "explicit or implicit representations he made in assigning the patent."
# Clover Hill (Brookeville, Maryland)

Clover Hill is a historic home located at Brookeville, Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. It is a large, 2+1⁄2-story, five bay Italianate-style residence orignially contructed as a log cabin in the 1760's, then reconstructed as a stone farmhouse in the 1790's, and then rebuilt in the current form in 1857. Evidence of the earlier building campaigns are still visible. The ruins of a large bank barn and a stone springhouse stand on the property. The house was built by Ephraim Gaither, a Maryland legislator (1817–1820) and locally prominent citizen.
Clover Hill was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.
# Darline Radamaker

Darline Radamaker (born 16 April 1999) is an American-raised Haitian footballer who plays as a midfielder. She has been a member of the Haiti women's national team. She is nicknamed the "Haitian Marta" due to her adroit dribbling. She is widely expected to be a key player for the Haiti U-20 Women's National Team as it attempts to qualify for the 2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup.
# Steven Harris

Steven Harris may refer to:
* Steven Harris (wide receiver) (born 1981), American football wide receiver
* Steven Harris (defensive tackle) (born 1984), American football defensive tackle for the Denver Broncos
* Steven Harris (cartoonist), British born cartoonist
* Steven Harris (politician), Idaho State Representative
* Steven Harris (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit), a character from the TV series Law & Order: Special Victims Unit
# Palcaraju

Palcaraju (from Quechua pallqa, p'allqa, p'alqa forked, branched, fork, rahu snow, ice, mountain with snow,) is a mountain in the Cordillera Blanca mountain range in the region of Ancash within the Peruvian Andes. It has an elevation of 6,274 metres (20,584 ft) on its main summit.
Palcaraju has three peaks: Palcaraju (6,274 metres (20,584 ft)), Palcaraju Oeste 6,110 metres (20,046 ft) and Palcaraju Sur 6,274 metres (20,584 ft).
In July 2012, two American climbers, Ben Horne and Gil Weiss, died on the way back down, after scaling the south face of Palcaraju W.
# Join the Club (album)

Join the Club is the second and major-label debut studio album by English musician Lucy Spraggan. It was released on 4 October 2013. The album includes the singles "Lighthouse" and "Last Night (Beer Fear)". The album peaked at number 7 on the UK Albums Chart and number 6 on the Scottish Albums Chart. It was certified Silver by the BPI on the 12th of October 2018.

## Singles

"Lighthouse" was released as the album's lead single on 28 June 2013. The song reached number 26 in the UK Singles Chart.
"Last Night (Beer Fear)" was released on 29 September 2013, as the album's second single. The original version was featured on Spraggan's debut album, Top Room at the Zoo and was her audition song for The X Factor in 2012. A new version has been recorded for this album. Music video for this song was released on Lucy's vevo on 16 September 2013 and it's a remake of first video for this song.
On her October 2013 Join the Club tour Spraggan announced each night prior to performing "Tea & Toast" that she "was proud to announce that Tea & Toast would be her third official album single. Spraggan confirmed via her Twitter page that she had been recording an accompanying music video for the track. The single was released on 13 December 2013.

### Other songs

"Tea & Toast" was released independently as a single on 13 July 2012. Spraggan performed the song in the boot camp stage of The X Factor after Tulisa asked to hear another one of her original songs. The song reached number 135 in the UK.
"Mountains" was made available to download from the album on iTunes when it was made available to pre-order. A music video for the track was also released on 21 August 2013. Spraggan performed the song on the first live show of The X Factor in 2012.
"Someone" was iTunes' 'single of the week' and was available to download for free on the same week as the album's release.

## Track listing

* All credits are taken from the album's liner notes.

## Chart performance

| Chart (2013) | Peak position |
| Irish Albums (IRMA) | 14 |
| Scottish Albums (OCC) | 6 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 7 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label | Edition |
| Ireland | 4 October 2013 | Digital downloadCD | Columbia Records | StandardDeluxe |
| United Kingdom | 7 October 2013 | Digital downloadCD | Columbia Records | StandardDeluxe |
# Jill Oakes

Jill Pauline Oakes (born July 18, 1984) is an American former soccer defender who last played for Chicago Red Stars of Women's Professional Soccer.
Oakes was originally drafted by FC Gold Pride 2nd overall in the 2008 WPS General Draft. She was unable to make the Pride's final roster and was cut before she ever made a regular season appearance for the club. She was subsequently signed by Chicago Red Stars for the 2009 season.
She has been married to former UCLA Bruin and NBA point guard Jordan Farmar since July 29, 2012.
# Heinz Jagodzinski

Heinz Ernst Jagodzinski (20 April 1916 in Aschersleben – 22 November 2012 in Munich) was a German physicist, mineralogist and crystallographer known for his research in disordered materials and diffuse X-ray scattering. He also introduced the Jagodzinski notation for the description of polytypism in silicon carbide.

## Education and career

Jagodzinski studied natural sciences at the University of Greifswald and later at the University of Göttingen, where he received his doctorate in physics in 1941 under Reinhold Mannkopff (Über die Druckabhängigkeit der Anregungstemperatur in der Lichtbogensäule). Between 1944 and 1945, he was research assistant at University of Halle-Wittenberg. Between 1946 and 1952, he was research assistant and received his habilitation at the University of Marburg, working under Fritz Laves.
From 1952 to 1963, he headed the crystal science department at the Max Planck Institute for Silicate Research in Würzburg, where he also became an adjunct professor at the University of Würzburg from 1955. In 1959, he became a professor of mineralogy at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. From 1963, Jagodzinski became a full professor of mineralogy and crystallography at the University of Munich, where he retired in 1986. From 1964 he was head of the Bavarian State Collection for Mineralogy.

## Honors and awards

In 2001, he received the Cothenius Medal from the German National Academy of Sciences, Leopoldina. He was a corresponding member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, a member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences (1969) and the Leopoldina. Among other things, he received an honorary doctorate from the University of Würzburg. In 1984 he received the Federal Cross of Merit, 1st class. Since 1965 he was a member of the Max Planck Society. In 1996 he became an honorary member of the German Crystallographic Society and received the Carl Hermann Medal in 2000.
# Yōrō Code

The Yōrō Code (養老律令, Yōrō-ritsuryō) was one iteration of several codes or governing rules compiled in early Nara period in Classical Japan. It was compiled in 718, the second year of the Yōrō regnal era by Fujiwara no Fuhito et al., but not promulgated until 757 under the regime of Fujiwara no Nakamaro under Empress Kōken.
The penal code portions (ritsu) were largely lost, although they have been reconstructed. The content of the civil code portions (ryō) are preserved nearly fully, copied out in later texts.

## Overview

The Yōrō Code was a revision of the Taihō Code of 701, and differences may have been limited. Still, when Nakamaro put the laws into effect in 757, it was unpopular among the nobility as it "slowed down the promotion schedule for officials."

### State of preservation

While the precursor code (Taihō Code) does not survive, a substantial amount of Yōrō Code is preserved in the exegetical piece, Ryō no gige (『令義解』) (833), especially the civil codes. In English-language scholarly literature, some commentators merely state that the code is preserved in a fragmentary state, but other academics do note preservation is nearly complete for the civil code portion. The Ryō no gige contains the full text of the ryō (or civil/administrative code part) except for two chapters according to a Kadokawa publishing house history dictionary, the missing portions being the warehouse statute (倉庫令, sōko-ryō) and the medical service statute (医疾令, ishitsu-ryō), and even this lacuna can be partly be filled from a collections of fragments of the codes.
The ritsu or the penal code portion was largely lost, but a compilation of fragments from various codes, entitled the Ritsuitsu (『律逸』), in 8 volumes, was compiled by Ishihara Masaaki (石原正明) 1760–1821. The resulting text, including the fragments, are printed in the volume on Ritsuryō texts in the Kokushi taikei (『国史大系』) historical text series. Other sources agree, adding that for the civil code, almost all of the text that runs to Article 955 has been restored.
Relying on the Tang dynasty penal code that survives, a complete reconstruction of the Yōrō penal code has also been undertaken.

### Tang dynasty model

The ritsuryō codes were modeled after the civil and penal codes of the Tang dynasty, in particular, the code of the Chinese: Yonghui era passed in 651 which was then current is named by scholars as the basis of the two ritsuryō codes.

### Period in force

The Code remained in effect until the early 10th century, after which it became an obsolete dead letter law code, but not formally repealed and hence valid at least "in paper" until the Meiji Restoration. During the feudal age in Japan, various ministerial offices were awarded to as formality to samurai (e.g., Ishida Mitsunari as jibu-no-shō; Furuta Oribe, Ii kamon-no-kami, Sakai uta-no-kami etc.) without any responsibilities or authorities vested in the office under the code.
# Paralichthyidae

Large-tooth flounders or sand flounders are a family, Paralichthyidae, of flounders. The family contains 14 genera with a total of about 110 species. They lie on the sea bed on their right side; both eyes are always on the left side of the head, while the Pleuronectidae usually (but not always) have their eyes on the right side of the head.
They are found in temperate and tropical waters of the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.
Several species are important commercial and game fishes, notably the California halibut, Paralichthys californicus and the Pacific sanddab, Citharichthys sordidus.
Phylogenetic analyses have long indicated the non-monophyly of this family e.g., and two lineages have been consistently apparent. Termed groups, the two groups were named after genera: a Cyclopsetta group and a Pseudorhombus group (see summary in). A formal description of Cyclopsettidae in 2019 created this family consisting of four genera: Cyclopsetta, Etropus, Citharichthys, and Syacium corresponding to the previously recognized Cyclopsetta group. Molecular phylogenetic evidence indicates that Paralichthyidae in this sense is sister to Pleuronectidae and Cyclopsettidae is sister to Bothidae e.g.
The earliest known fossil remains of the Paralichthyidae are Late Eocene-aged fossil otoliths assigned to Citharichthys altissimus from Louisiana, USA. One extinct fossil genus is known in Evesthes from the Late Miocene of California, USA.
# Liam Collins

Liam Collins (born 2003) is an Irish hurler. At club level he plays with Cappataggle and at inter-county level with the Galway senior hurling team. Collins usually lines out as a forward.

## Career

Collins first played hurling and Gaelic football as a schoolboy at Garbally College where he won a Connacht SBFC title in 2022. He later won an All-Ireland freshers' title as a student at the University of Galway in 2023. By this stage, Collins had already joined the Cappatagle senior team.
Collins first appeared on the inter-county scene as a member of the Galway minor hurling team that won a record fourth successive All-Ireland MHC title in 2020. He was the team's top scorer with 3-14 and was later named GAA Minor Star Hurler of the Year. Collins immediately progressed onto the Galway under-20 hurling team and came on as a substitute when they were beaten by Cork in the 2002 All-Ireland under-20 final.
Collins made his senior team debut against Wexford during the 2023 National League.

## Career statistics

    As of 19 March 2023
| Team | Year | National League | National League | National League | Leinster | Leinster | All-Ireland | All-Ireland | Total | Total |
| Team | Year | Division | Apps | Score | Apps | Score | Apps | Score | Apps | Score |
| Galway Minor | 2020 | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3-14 | 3 | 3-14 |
| Galway Minor | Total | — | — | — | — | — | 3 | 3-14 | 3 | 3-14 |
| Galway U20 | 2021 | — | — | — | 1 | 0-00 | 1 | 0-00 | 2 | 0-00 |
| Galway U20 | 2022 | — | — | — | 1 | 0-12 | — | — | 1 | 0-12 |
| Galway U20 | Total | — | — | — | 2 | 0-12 | 1 | 0-00 | 3 | 0-12 |
| Galway | 2023 | Division 1A | 4 | 0-04 | 0 | 0-00 | 0 | 0-00 | 4 | 0-04 |
| Galway | Total | Total | 4 | 0-04 | 0 | 0-00 | 0 | 0-00 | 4 | 0-04 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 4 | 0-04 | 2 | 0-12 | 1 | 0-00 | 7 | 0-16 |

## Honours
### Garbally College

* Connacht Post Primary Schools Senior B Football Championship: 2022

### University of Galway

* All-Ireland Freshers' Hurling Championship: 2023

### Galway

* Leinster Under-20 Hurling Championship: 2021
* All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship: 2020