# Florida Democratic Party

The Florida Democratic Party is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Florida, headquartered in Tallahassee. Former commissioner of agriculture Nikki Fried is the current chair.
Andrew Jackson, the first territorial governor of Florida in 1821, co-founded the Democratic Party. After Florida achieved statehood, the party dominated state politics until the Reconstruction era after the Civil War when blacks could vote, and then again until the 1950s, after which Florida became a swing state.
Following the 2022 elections, the Florida Republican Party holds supermajorities in both chambers of the Florida Legislature. The Florida Democratic Party holds neither of the state's U.S. Senate seats, and no statewide executive offices.

## History

The Florida Democratic Party has historically dominated Florida's state and local politics for long periods. Andrew Jackson, the first territorial governor of Florida in 1821, co-founded the Democratic Party. As Florida moved from territory to statehood status, the Florida Democratic Party emerged from the Locofocos. John Milton led the party, and became governor of the state, during the Civil War era.
Republicans gained control during the Reconstruction era after the American Civil War and there were African-American officeholders during and following the Reconstruction era in Florida. Democrats regained control and disenfranchised black voters. There were no Republican governors from 1877 until 1967, when Claude R. Kirk, a Republican from Jacksonville, was sworn in as governor of Florida.
Florida politics was largely dominated by the Democrats until Richard Nixon's Southern strategy, which took advantage of objections to the advances of the Civil Rights Movement which resulted in a regional political realignment for the South. After Nixon's victory in 1968, the state voted Democratic in only four presidential elections: 1976 (Jimmy Carter), 1996 (Bill Clinton), 2008 (Barack Obama), and 2012 (Barack Obama). The presidential election in 2000 was decided by a margin of 537 votes out of approximately six million cast in the state, earning George W. Bush the presidency over Al Gore.
The Florida Senate was dominated by Democrats until 1992, when a majority of Republicans was elected. The Florida House of Representatives turned Republican after the November 1996 election. The Florida Legislature became the first legislature in any of the states of the former Confederacy to come under complete Republican control when the Republicans gained control of the House and Senate in the 1996 election.
Since the passage of the Affordable Care Act, Florida Democrats have prioritized advocating Medicaid expansion in the state, a policy that would provide a federally subsidized healthcare plan to approximately one million Floridians.

## Governance

The current chairwoman of the Florida Democratic Party is former agriculture commissioner Nikki Fried, who succeeded former mayor of Miami Manny Diaz Sr. on February 25, 2023.

### List of chairs

* Scott Maddox (2003–2005): Maddox, the former mayor of Tallahassee, Florida, served as chairman of the Florida Democratic Party from 2003 to 2006, leaving the post to run for governor. The Associated Press noted that while Democrats suffered electoral defeats during his tenure, party activists recognized he had built up the party's infrastructure and volunteer base."
* Karen Thurman (2005–2010): Thurman, a former five-term member of Congress from Florida's 5th District, served from 2005 to 2010. She was elected chairman of the Florida Democratic Party in 2005, succeeding Scott Maddox, who resigned in order to seek the Democratic nomination for governor. Thurman resigned on November 12, 2010, following the midterm elections.
* Rod Smith (2010–2013): In November 2010, Smith was elected chairman of the Florida Democratic Party, succeeding Karen Thurman who resigned on November 12, 2010, following the midterm elections. Smith, a former Alachua County state prosecutor and state senator from the 14th district, became chair following his unsuccessful bid for lieutenant governor in 2010. Smith's term expired in January 2013, when he was succeeded by Allison Tant.
* Allison Tant (2014–2016): In December 2013, former lobbyist, philanthropist, and Democratic fundraiser Allison Tant announced she would seek the chairmanship of the Florida Democratic Party. She was elected in January 2014, after a closely contested race against Hillsborough state committeeman Alan Clendenin. After large national losses in 2014, Debbie Wasserman Schultz commissioned the Victory Task Force to "take a deep dive" to figure out what went wrong in 2014. Similarly, Chair Tant created the state-level LEAD Task Force, to learn the lessons of the statewide Democratic defeat.
* Stephen Bittel (2016–2017): Bittel, who founded Terranova in 1980, is still an active Democrat in the state. He was chosen primarily for his fundraising ability after the 2016 election, but many critics noted his ability to curry influence with his immense wealth. In November 2017, he was accused of inappropriate office behavior, and subsequently left his role.
* Terrie Rizzo (2017–2021): In December 2017, Rizzo was elected to replace Stephen Bittel, defeating Stacey Patel in an 830–291 vote. During Rizzo's term as chair and as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic, the party focused on developing web products and established a department for social media marketing.
* Manny Diaz (2021–2023), In January 2021, Diaz was elected with 54% from party leaders to replace Terrie Rizzo. Diaz was elected partly to bring outreach from the Cuban-American community, which was a voting bloc that helped Donald Trump win the state in the 2020 presidential election. Diaz resigned after the 2022 midterms, which saw landslide victories and legislative supermajorities for Republicans in Florida.
* Nikki Fried (2023–present), On February 25, 2023, Fried was elected with 52% of the vote to fill the chair's vacancy after Diaz's resignation, defeating former state senator Annette Taddeo, Broward County Democratic Party chair Rick Hoye, and activist Carolina Ampudia. Fried was elected after a primary defeat in the 2022 Florida gubernatorial election the previous year.

### House leaders

* Mark S. Pafford (2014–2016)
* Janet Cruz (2016–2018)
* Kionne McGhee (2018–2020)
* Bobby DuBose (2020–2022)
* Evan Jenne (2022)
* Fentrice Driskell (2022–present)

## Organization

The State Executive Committee of the Florida Democratic Party is organized into six standing committees. Standing committees include: the Rules Committee, the Judicial Council, the Diversity and Inclusion Committee, the Committee on Clubs, Organizations, and Caucuses, the Legislative Liaison Committee, and the Campaign Committee.

### Platform

* Access to Healthcare
* An Economy That Works for Everyone
* Quality Education
* Protecting our Environment
* Immigration Reform
* Preventing Gun Violence
* Civil Rights
* Government Accountability
* Protecting Voting Rights
* Women and Families

## Current elected officials

The following is a list of Democratic statewide, federal, and legislative officeholders in Florida.

### Members of Congress
#### U.S. Senate

* None
Both of Florida's U.S. Senate seats have been held by Republicans since 2019. Bill Nelson was the last Democrat to represent Florida in the U.S. Senate. First elected in 2000, Nelson lost his bid for a fourth term in 2018 to Republican governor Rick Scott.

#### U.S. House of Representatives

Out of the 28 seats Florida is apportioned in the U.S. House of Representatives, 8 are held by Democrats:
| District | Member |
| 9th | Darren Soto |
| 10th | Maxwell Frost |
| 14th | Kathy Castor |
| 20th | Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick |
| 22nd | Lois Frankel |
| 23rd | Jared Moskowitz |
| 24th | Frederica Wilson |
| 25th | Debbie Wasserman Schultz |

### State
#### Statewide officials

* None
Florida has not elected a Democrat in a state-wide elected office since November 6, 2018, when Nikki Fried defeated Republican Matt Caldwell in 2018 and was elected Florida's 12th Commissioner of Agriculture. While eligible to run for a second term, she instead chose to step down and mounted a challenge against Governor Ron DeSantis, in his own re-election for Governor of Florida. DeSantis would go on to retain his Governorship by historic margins.

#### State legislative leaders

* Senate minority leader: Jason Pizzo
* House minority leader: Fentrice Driskell

#### State Senate

Democrats hold an 11-seat minority in the 40-member Florida Senate.

#### State House

Democrats hold a 33-seat minority in the 120-seat Florida House of Representatives.

### Mayoral offices

Some of the state's major cities have Democratic mayors. As of 2023, Democrats control the mayor's offices in six of Florida's ten largest cities:
* Jacksonville (1): Donna Deegan
* Tampa (3): Jane Castor
* Orlando (4): Buddy Dyer
* St. Petersburg (5): Ken Welch
* Tallahassee (9): John Dailey
* Fort Lauderdale (10): Dean Trantalis

## Former Florida governors and U.S. senators
### Governors

Democrats last won a gubernatorial election in Florida in 1994.
* Former governors of Florida
* Buddy MacKay
* Lawton Chiles
* Wayne Mixson
* Bob Graham
* Reubin Askew
* W. Haydon Burns
* C. Farris Bryant
* LeRoy Collins
* Daniel McCarty
* Fuller Warren
* Miller Caldwell
* Spessard Holland
* Fred Cone
* David Sholtz
* Doyle Carlton
* John Martin
* Cary Hardee
* Park Trammell
* Albert Gilchrist
* Napoleon Broward
* William Jennings
* William Bloxham
* Henry Mitchell
* Francis Fleming
* Edward Perry
* William Bloxham
* George Drew
* Abraham Allison
* John Milton
* Madison Perry
* James Broome
* William Moseley

### United States senators

* Former U.S. senators from Florida
* Bill Nelson
* Bob Graham
* Lawton Chiles
* Richard Stone
* George Smathers
* Spessard Holland
* Charles Andrews
* Scott Loftin
* Claude Pepper
* William Luther Hill
* Park Trammell
* Nathan Bryan
* James Taliaferro
* Duncan Fletcher
* William Milton
* William James Bryan
* Samuel Pasco
* Charles Jones
* Stephen Mallory II
* Wilkinson Call
* Stephen Mallory
* James Westcott
* David Levy Yulee