# List of Russian exonyms

Below is a list of Russian language exonyms for places, mainly in Europe. Note that this list only includes names that are significantly different from the local toponym, some exonyms are marked as historical, modern exonyms may match the toponyms.

## Austria

Austria Avstriya (Австрия) :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Carinthia | Karintiya (Каринтия) | Kärnten | German | |
| Styria | Shtiriya (Штирия) | Steiermark | German | |
| Vienna | Vena (Вена) | Wien | German | |

## Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan Azerbaidjan (Азербайджан) :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Adsiz Ada | Bezımyannıy (Безымянный) | Adsız ada | Azerbaijani | |
| Baku | Baku (Баку) | Bakı | Azerbaijani | |
| Boyuk Zira | Narqin (Наргин) | Böyük Zirə | Azerbaijani | |
| Vulf | Volf (Вольф) | Daş Zirə | Azerbaijani | |
| Pirallahi İsland | Artyom, Svyatoy ostrov (Артём, Святой остров) | Pirallahı adası | Azerbaijani | |
| Stepanakert | Stepanakert (Степанакерт) | Xankəndi | Azerbaijani |
| Liman | Port-Elich (Порт-Илич) | | | |
| Ganja | Yelizavetpol, Kirovabad (Елизаветпол, Кировабад) | Gəncə | Azerbaijani |
| Nakhchevan | Nakhichevan (Нахичевань) | Naxçıvan | Azerbaijani | |

## Belgium

Belgium Bel'giya (Бельгия) :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Flanders | Flandriya (Фландрия) | Vlaanderen | Dutch | |

## China

China Kitay (Китай) :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Beijing | Pekin, Beytszyn (Пекин, Бэйцзин) | 北京 (Běijīng) | Mandarin | |
| Macao | Makao, Aomyn' (Макао, Аомынь) | 澳门/澳門 (Àomén) | Mandarin | |
| Nanjing | Nankin, Nantszin (Нанкин, Наньцзин) | 南京 (Nánjīng) | Mandarin | |

## Cuba

Cuba Kuba (Куба) :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Havana | Gavana (Гавана) | La Habana | Spanish | |

## Cyprus

Cyprus Kipr (Кипр) :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Famagusta | Famagusta (Фамагуста) | Αμμόχωστος (Ammóchostos) | Greek | |
| Famagusta | Famagusta (Фамагуста) | Gazimağusa | Turkish | |
| Nicosia | Nikosiya (Никосия) | Lefkoşa | Turkish | |
| Nicosia | Nikosiya (Никосия) | Λευκωσία (Levkosía) | Greek | |

## Czech Republic

Czech Republic Chekhiya (Чехия) :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bohemia | Bogemiya (Богемия) | Čechy | Czech | |
| Moravia | Moraviya (Моравия) | Morava | Czech | |
| Prague | Praga (Прага) | Praha | Czech | |
| Silesia | Sileziya (Силезия) | Ślōnsk | Silesian | |

## Denmark

Denmark Дания/Daniya :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Copenhagen | Kopengagen (Копенгаген) | København | Danish | |
| Jutland | Yutlandiya (Ютландия) | Jylland | Danish | |

## Egypt

Egypt :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Alexandria | Aleksandriya (Александрия) | (Al-Iskandariyya) الإسكندرية | Arabic | |
| Cairo | Kair (Каир) | (Al-Qāhirah) القاهرة | Arabic | |
| Luxor | Luksor (Луксор) | (Al-Uqṣur) الأقصر | Arabic | |
| Suez | Suets (Суэц) | (As-Suways) السويس | Arabic | |

## Estonia

Estonia Эстония/Eestohnya :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Narva | Rugodiv (Ругодив) | | | |
| Tallinn | Kolyvan' (Колывань) | | | |

## Finland

Finland Финляндия :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Turku | Kaby (Кабы), Torg (Торг) | | | |

## France

France :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Cannes | Kanny (Канны) | Canas | Occitan | |
| Nice | Nitstsa (Ницца) | Niça | Occitan | |
| Paris | Parizh (Париж) | | | |

## Germany

Germany :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bavaria | Bavariya (Бавария) | Bayern | German | |
| Pomerania | Pomeraniya (Померания) | Pommern | German | |
| Prussia | Prussiya (Пруссия) | Preußen | German | |
| Saarland | Saar (Саар) | | | |
| Saxony | Saksoniya (Саксония) | Sachsen | German | |
| Silesia | Sileziya (Силезия) | Ślōnsk | Silesian | |
| Swabia | Shvabiya (Швабия) | Schwaben | German | |
| Westphalia | Vestfaliya (Вестфалия) | Westfalen | German | |

## Greece

Greece Греция/Gretsiya :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Athens | Afiny (Афины) | Athína (Αθήνα) | Greek | |
| Corfu | Korfu (Корфу) | Kérkyra (Κέρκυρα) | Greek | |
| Corinth | Korinf (Коринф) | Kórinthos (Κόρινθος) | Greek | |
| Ioannina | Yanina (Янина) | Ioánnina (Ιωάννινα) | Greek | |
| Piraeus | Pirey (Пирей) | Peiraiás (Πειραιάς) | Greek | |
| Thebes | Fivy (Фивы) | Thíva (Θήβα) | Greek | |
| Thessalia | Fessaliya (Фессалия) | Thessalía (Θεσσαλία) | Greek | |
| Thessaloniki | Saloniki (Салоники) | Thessaloníki (Θεσσαλονίκη) | Greek | |
| Thrace | Frakiya (Фракия) | Thráki (Θράκη) | Greek | |

## Iran

Iran :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Tehran | Tegeran (Тегеран) | تهران (Tehrān) | Persian | |

## Israel

Israel :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Jerusalem | Iyerusalim (Иерусалим) | יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim) | Hebrew | |
| Jerusalem | Iyerusalim (Иерусалим) | القُدس (Al-Quds) | Arabic | |
| Nazareth | Nazaret (Назарет) | נָצְרַת (Natsrat) | Hebrew | |

## Italy

Italy :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Florence | Флоренция/Florentsiya | Firenze | Italian | |
| Genoa | Генуя/Genuya | Zêna | Ligurian | |
| Naples | Неаполь/Neapol' | Napule | Neapolitan | |
| Padua | Падуя/Paduya | Pàdova | Venetian | |
| Rome | Рим/Rim | Roma | Italian | |

## Latvia

Latvia :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Koknese | Kukeynos (Кукейнос) | | | |
| Rezekne | Rezhitsa (Режица) | | | |
| Daugavpils | Dvinsk (Двинск) | | | |
| Liepaja | Libava (Либава) | | | |
| Ventspils | Vindava (Виндава) | | | |
| Valmiera | Volodimerets (Володимерец) | | | |
| Kraslava | Kreslavl (Креславль) | | | |
| Aizkraukle | Aiskoroda (Айскорода) | | | |
| Aluksne | Olyst (Олыст) | | | |

## Lithuania

Lithuania Литва/Litva :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Kaunas | Kovno (Ковно) | | | Obsolete |
| Vilnius | Vilna, Vilno (Вильна, Вильно) | | | Obsolete |

## Libya

Libya Ливия/Liviya :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Tripoli | Tripoli (Триполи) | Ṭarābulus (طرابلس) | Arabic | |

## Mali

Mali :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Timbuktu | Timbuktu (Тимбукту) | Tumbutu | Western Songhay | |

## Moldova

Moldova Молдавия/Moldaviya :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bălţi | Bel'tsy (Бельцы) | | | |
| Besarabeasca | Bessarabka (Бессарабка) | | | |
| Chişinău | Kishinyov (Кишинёв) | | | |
| Edineţ | Edintsy (Единцы) | | | |
| Orhei | Orgeyev (Оргеев) | | | |
| Otaci | Ataki (Атаки) | | | |
| Soroca | Soroki (Сороки) | | | |
| Tighina | Bendery (Бендеры) | | | |

## Mongolia

Mongolia Монголия/Mongoliya :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Sükhbaatar | Sukhe-Bator (Сухэ-Батор) | | | |
| Ulanbaatar | Ulan-Bator (Улан-Батор) | | | |

## Morocco

Morocco Марокко/Marokko :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Casablanca | Kasablanka (Касабланка) | Ad-Dar Al-Bayḍā' (الدار البيضاء) | Arabic | |
| Tangier | Tanzher (Танжер) | Ṭanja (طنجة) | Arabic | |

## Netherlands

Netherlands :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| The Hague | Gaaga (Гаага) | Den Haag | Dutch | |

## North Korea

North Korea :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Pyongyang | Pkhen'yan (Пхеньян) | | | |

## Palestine

Palestine :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bethlehem | Vifleyem (Вифлеем) | بيت لحم (Beit Lahm) | Arabic | |
| Jericho | Iyerikhon (Иерихон) | أريحا (Arīḥā) | Arabic | |
| Jerusalem | Iyerusalim (Иерусалим) | القُدس (Al-Quds) | Arabic | |
| Jerusalem | Iyerusalim (Иерусалим) | יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yerushaláyim) | Hebrew | |

## Poland

Poland Польша/Pol'sha :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Augustów | Avgustov (Августов) | | | |
| Białystok | Belostok (Белосток) | | | |
| Galicia | Galitsiya (Галиция) | | | |
| Kashubia | Kashubiya (Кашубия) | Kaszëbë | Kashubian | |
| Łódz | Lodz' (Лодзь) | | | |
| Mazovia | Mazoviya (Мазовия) | Mazowsze | Polish | |
| Pomerania | Pomerania (Померания) | Pomorze | Polish | |
| Silesia | Sileziya (Силезия) | Ślōnsk | Silesian | |

## Portugal

Portugal :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Lisbon | Lissabon (Лиссабон) | Lisboa | Portuguese | |

## Romania

Romania Румыния/Rumyniya :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bucharest | Bukharest (Бухарест) | Bucureşti | Romanian | |
| Iaşi | Yassy (Яссы) | Iaşi | Romanian | |

## Serbia

Serbia Сербия/Serbiya :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Belgrade | Belgrad (Белград) | Beograd | Serbian | |

## South Korea

South Korea :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Incheon | Inchkhon (Инчхон) | | | |

## Sweden

Sweden Швеция/Shvetsiya :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Stockholm | Stokgol'm, Stekol'nya (Cтокгольм, Стекольня) | | | |

## Switzerland

Switzerland Швейцария/Shveytsariya :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Geneva | Zheneva (Женева) | Genève | French | |
| Lausanne | Lozanna (Лозанна) | Lausanne | French | |

## Syria

Syria Сирия/Siriya :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Damascus | Damask (Дамаск) | دمشق (Dimašq) | Arabic | |

## Thailand

Thailand Таиланд/Tailand :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Bangkok | Bangkok (Бангкок) | Krung Thep (กรุงเทพฯ) | Thai | |

## Turkey

Turkey Turtsiya (Турция) :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Istanbul | Stambul, Tsargrad (Стамбул, Царьград) | İstanbul | Turkish | |

## Turkmenistan

Turkmenistan :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Ashgabat | Ashkhabad (Ашхабад) | Aşgabat | Turkmen | |
| Garabogaz | Karabogaz (Карабогаз) | | | |
| Serhetabat | Kushka (Кушка) | | | |

## Ukraine

Ukraine :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| Kyiv | Kiev(Киев) | Київ (Kyiv) | Ukrainian | |
| Mykolaiv | Nikolayev (Николаев) | Миколаїв (Mykolaiv) | Ukrainian | |

## United Kingdom

United Kingdom :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| England | Angliya (Англия) | | | |
| Scotland | Shotlandiya (Шотландия) | | | |

## United States

United States :
| English name | Russian name | Endonym | Endonym | Notes |
| English name | Russian name | Name | Language | Notes |
| New Orleans | Novyy Orlean (Новый Орлеан) | | | |
| Texas | Tekhas (Техас) | | | |