OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Léon Van Hove

Léon Charles Prudent Van Hove (10 February 1924 – 2 September 1990) was a Belgian physicist and a Director General of CERN. He developed a scientific career spanning mathematics, solid state physics, elementary particle and nuclear physics to cosmology.

## Biography

Van Hove studied mathematics and physics at the Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB). In 1946 he received his PhD in mathematics at the ULB. From 1949 to 1954 he worked at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey by virtue of his meeting with Robert Oppenheimer. Later he worked at the Brookhaven National Laboratory and was a professor and Director of the Theoretical Physics Institute at the University of Utrecht in the Netherlands. In the 1950s he laid the theoretical foundations for the analysis of inelastic neutron scattering in terms of the dynamic structure factor. In 1958, he was awarded the Francqui Prize in Exact Sciences. In 1959, he received an invitation to become the head of the Theory Division at CERN in Geneva. In 1975 Prof. Van Hove was appointed CERN Director-General, with John Adams, responsible for the research activities of the Organization. The LEP project was proposed during Van Hove's tenure as Director General.

## Awards

* Francqui Prize, 1958
* Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics, 1962
* Member, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1964
* Max Planck Medal, 1974
* Member, United States National Academy of Sciences, 1980
* Member, American Philosophical Society, 1980
There is a square, Square Van Hove, named after Van Hove at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland.
# Kaalan

Kaalan (Malayalam: കാളൻ) is a Keralite dish from South India, made of yoghurt, coconut and a raw fruit nendra kaaya or a tuber like the chena (yam).
It is very thick, which distinguishes it from a similar curry known as pulisseri, and more sour than avial. For the same reason, kaalan can last longer when stored. In many preparations, more pepper and/or chillies are added to make the kaalan spicy, in addition to its signature sour taste.
Kaalan is typically served as part of the Sadya.
# Barbara Plett Usher

Barbara Plett Usher is a Canadian-born UK journalist with experience in the Middle East and the UN. She has worked for the BBC in Jerusalem, Islamabad and the United Nations.
From 2021 she has been the BBC's State Department correspondent, based in Washington, D.C., USA. Since 2024 she has been the BBC's Africa Editor, based in Nairobi, Kenya.

## Early life and education

Plett Usher was born in Manitoba, Canada, in 1967.
She graduated from Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, in 1991 with a bachelor's degree in journalism.

## Career

She joined the BBC as a freelancer from Cairo in 1995 and became its Middle East correspondent by 2000.
She then went on to cover the death of the Syrian President Hafez al-Assad in 2000 and to do much reporting under siege in Ramallah in 2002. Her career took her to Iraq in 2003.
Plett Usher worked as BBC correspondent in Jerusalem before being transferred to Islamabad in 2009. She was the BBC's United Nations correspondent since at least 2012.
During the BBC programme From Our Own Correspondent broadcast on 30 September 2004, Plett Usher said she cried when she saw Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat being taken to hospital during his terminal illness. This led to suggestions that the BBC was biased. After many complaints from viewers the BBC Governors' Programme Complaints Committee ruled that Plett Usher had breached editorial guidelines on due impartiality and the BBC's director of News, Helen Boaden, apologised for an editorial misjudgment.
Since 2024 she has been the BBC's Africa Editor, based in Nairobi, Kenya.

## Personal life

In 2003 Plett married Graham Usher, the Palestine correspondent of The Economist magazine. The couple moved to Pakistan in 2005, and to New York in 2009. Graham Usher died on 8 August 2013, at age 54, of Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease.
# Matt Morsia

Matthew Morsia (born 19 January 1986) is an English YouTuber, bodybuilder, fitness coach and television personality, known for appearing as "Legend" on the British sports game show Gladiators. He is a former track and field athlete and powerlifter, and is known by his social media profile "MattDoesFitness".

## Early life

Matthew Morsia, born on 19 January 1986, in Barnet, Southeast England, attended the University of Kent.

## Career

Morsia competed as an athlete in the long jump and the triple jump. He has described his early attempts at managing his body weight whilst competing as disordered eating. After suffering a stress fracture to his spine in 2012 he became a powerlifter. He won a silver medal at the European Championships in 2016.
In 2013 Morsia began building up an online fitness clientele using the moniker MattDoesFitness. By 2017 he was a PE teacher at Folkestone Academy. The success of his fitness coaching led him to leave his teaching job. In 2020 was given a YouTube Creator Award for gaining a million subscribers. The channel later had two and a half million subscribers. His book The 24/7 Body was published by Century in 2020.
In January 2024, he began appearing as "Legend" on British TV endurance sports game show Gladiators, where he is best known for his arrogant and self-obsessed character that has been popular with the show's viewers. Morsia's Legend has so far appeared to be one of the toughest male gladiators to face on the show, as he excels in most of the events, naming The Edge as his favourite. He described the role as a "lifetime ambition", having been a huge fan of the original show when he was a child.

## Personal life

Morsia is roughly 6 feet 1 inch (1.85 m) tall and weighs 96 kilograms (212 lb). He is married to Sarah, and they have two sons, Luca and Mauro. They live in Hythe, Kent. He trains up to six days a week with bodybuilding and powerlifting.
# John Griffin, 4th Baron Howard de Walden

Field Marshal John Griffin Griffin, 4th Baron Howard de Walden, KB (13 March 1719 – 25 May 1797), was a British Army officer, politician and peer. He served as a junior officer with the Pragmatic Army in the Dutch Republic and Germany during the War of the Austrian Succession. After changing his surname to Griffin in 1749, he commanded a brigade at the Battle of Corbach in July 1760 during the Seven Years' War. He also commanded a brigade at the Battle of Warburg and was wounded at the Battle of Kloster Kampen.

## Early life

He was born John Griffin Whitwell, the son of William Whitwell by his wife Anne Griffin, sister and sole heiress of Edward Griffin, 3rd Baron Griffin of Braybrooke, and granddaughter of James Howard, 3rd Earl of Suffolk and 3rd Baron Howard de Walden (1619–1689).

## Career

Whitwell was educated at Winchester College and commissioned as an ensign in the 3rd regiment of Foot Guards and lieutenant in the Army in 1739. He served with the Pragmatic Army in the Low Countries and Germany during the War of the Austrian Succession and was promoted to captain in his regiment and lieutenant colonel in the Army in March 1744.
Whitwell's aunt Elizabeth, Countess of Portsmouth agreed to leave him her interest in Audley End House if he changed his surname to Griffin: he did so in 1749, by Act of Parliament, becoming John Griffin Griffin. He became Member of Parliament for Andover in November 1749. Promoted to colonel on 29 May 1756 he became first major of his regiment on 9 May 1758. Promoted to major-general on 12 September 1759, he became colonel of the 50th Regiment of Foot in October 1759 and colonel of the 33rd Regiment of Foot in May 1760.
Griffin commanded a brigade of at least four battalions at the Battle of Corbach in July 1760 during the Seven Years' War. At Corbach, following the arrival of French reinforcements from Frankenberg, the allied army was forced to withdraw. He also commanded a brigade at the Battle of Warburg later that month where the allied army were more successful. He was present and wounded at the Battle of Kloster Kampen in October 1760.
Griffin was appointed Knight Companion of the Order of the Bath on 11 April 1761 and inherited Audley End House outright when his aunt died in 1762. Promoted to lieutenant-general on 26 March 1765, he became colonel of the 1st Troop, Horse Grenadier Guards in March 1766 and was promoted to full general on 14 April 1778. During the political crisis in the early 1780s at the end of the American Revolutionary War he was generally a supporter of William Pitt the Younger.
Pitt arranged for the Barony of Howard de Walden to be called out of abeyance in Griffin's favour, so elevating him to the House of Lords, on 3 August 1784 and for Griffin to be appointed Lord Lieutenant of Essex in November 1784. Griffin became colonel of the 4th Dragoons in March 1788, was additionally created 1st Baron Braybrooke on 30 August 1788 and was promoted to field marshal on 30 July 1796. He died on 25 May 1797.

## Family

In 1749 he married Anna Maria Schutz and in 1765 he married Catherine Clayton; there were no children from either marriage.
# Nintendo Fan Network

The Nintendo Fan Network was an interactive software program created by Nintendo in 2007, that gives visitors to T-Mobile Park access to baseball game stats, video, and remote food ordering during Seattle Mariners games via their Nintendo DS, Nintendo DSi, and later, Nintendo 3DS. It was created due to Nintendo's former ownership of the team.
The Fan Network initially required a $5 fee to access, with a $30 discounted rate for 10 baseball games. However, it became free in 2008. In 2009, the program was updated with additional ESPN news, columns, closed captioning for PA announcements, and a photo-matching game.
Upon the release of the Nintendo DSi, it was announced that the first 150 visitors to home games would receive a free DSi rental to try out the service. The program also became a permanent DSi application instead of being temporarily downloaded onto the system.
When food and drinks are ordered, progress can be viewed on the system.
The service is now defunct. It ended around 2015 or 2016. In addition, the DSi application was removed from the DSi Shop with its discontinuation, and was removed from the Nintendo 3DS eShop at a unknown date.
# Chemparathy

Chemparathy (transl. Hibiscus) is a 1972 Malayalam-language film directed by P. N. Menon and written by Malayattoor Ramakrishnan. It was produced by S. K. Nair (S. Krishnan Nair), a famous literary personality and the founder of Malayalanadu weekly. It stars Madhu along with newcomers Roja Ramani, Raghavan and Sudheer in major roles. The film was an adaptation of Malayattoor's short story Lodge. Noted filmmaker Bharathan made his cinematic debut as an art director in the film.
The film was a notable critical and commercial success upon release. The film won two awards at the Filmfare Awards South for Best Film - Malayalam and Best Actress - Malayalam. The film also won one Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Film. The film was remade in Tamil as Paruva Kaalam in 1974 with Roja Ramani repeating her role and Kamal Haasan playing the male lead and also in Telugu as Kanne Vayasu.

## Plot

Santha is a cheerful girl who is working in a lodge as a sweeper. She is favourite to everyone in the lodge. Dinesh is in love with this girl. But one day Santha is found dead in the nearby well. Police start investigation and at first arrest Balachandran as suspect. But later Dinesh confess to police that Rajappan, a rich guy living in this same lodge is the reason for Santha's death. Rajappan raped Santha and when she become pregnant he killed her. After Santha's death her memories haunt Dinesh and he kills Rajappan and surrender to police .

## Cast

* Madhu as Balachandran
* Raghavan as Dinesh
* Roja Ramani as Santha
* Sudheer as Rajappan
* Kottarakkara Sreedharan Nair as Sankaran
* Rani Chandra
* Adoor Bhavani as Santha's mother
* Sankaradi
* Adoor Bhasi as Bhasi
* Bahadoor
* Kuthiravattom Pappu
* Paravoor Bharathan
* Balan K. Nair
* Janardhanan
* Radhamani
* Sudharma
* Pathma
* P. O. Thomas
* Pathiyil Madhavan (guest)
* Vaidyar K. R. Velappan Pillai

## Soundtrack

All lyrics are written by Vayalar Ramavarma; all music is composed by G. Devarajan

## Awards
### Filmfare Awards South

* Best Film - Malayalam - S. K. Nair
* Best Actress - Malayalam - Roja Ramani, before the film released her screen name was Shobhana.

### Kerala State Film Awards

* Second Best Film - S. K. Nair and P. N. Menon
# Padmaraj Ratheesh

Padmaraj Ratheesh (born 1989) is an Indian actor who appears in Malayalam films. He is the son of the late popular Malayalam actor, Ratheesh. His sister Parvathy Ratheesh is also an actress.
He made his cinematic debut with Deepu Karunakaran's Fireman (2015) in which he played a negative role. Then he starred in G. Marthandan's directorial Acha Dhin.

## Personal life

Padmaraj was born to actor Ratheesh and Diana. He has an elder sister Parvathy, younger sister Padma and a younger brother Pranav. Padmaraj graduated with a Bachelor of Business Management degree and was working as a floor manager in a retail company at Coimbatore for a couple of years before he quit to look after his ailing mother. His elder sister Parvathy has also stepped into the film industry and acted as the lead heroine opposite Kunchacko Boban in director Sugeeth's movie Madhura Naranga.

## Film career

Padmaraj made his debut with the Malayalam film Fireman (2015) in which he played a negative role opposite Mammootty. His second film is director G. Marthandan's Acha Dhin and the second time with Mammootty. He got a golden opportunity of starring with Mammootty, Mohanlal, Madhu, Biju Menon, Nivin Pauly, Sunny Wayne, Unni Mukundan and Manju Warrier within his first 10 films.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2015 | Fireman | Prisoner | Debut Film |
| 2015 | Acha Dhin | Muneer | |
| 2016 | Karinkunnam 6S | Mousin | |
| 2016 | Dum | Kishor | |
| 2017 | 1971: Beyond Borders | Commando | |
| 2017 | Rakshadhikari Baiju Oppu | Chandran | |
| 2018 | Parole | | |
| 2018 | Theetta Rappai | Thommikunju | |
| 2018 | Kayamkulam Kochunni | Jewish Trader | |
| 2019 | Thenkashikattu | | |
| 2019 | Soothrakkaran | CI Harish Kurup | |
| 2019 | Vishudha Pusthakam | | |
| 2021 | Illam | Bhadran Thampuran | |
| 2021 | Neeravam | | |
| 2021 | Kaaval | Fr. David Varghese | |
| 2021 | Bheeshma Parvam | Abda | |
| 2022 | Heaven | DYSP Kishore | |
| 2023 | Antony | Johnykkutty | |
| 2024 | DNA | DYSP Aanand Raj | |
| 2024 | Pushpaka Vimanam | |
# Meg Mac discography

Australian singer and songwriter Meg Mac has released three studio albums, two extended play, and twenty singles (including one as a featured artist).

## Albums

| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions |
| Title | Album details | AUS |
| Low Blows | Release date: 14 July 2017 Label: LittleBIGMan Formats: Digital download, CD, vinyl | 2 |
| Hope | Release date: 7 June 2019 Label: LittleBIGMan Formats: Digital download, CD, streaming | 9 |
| Matter of Time | Released: 16 September 2022 Label: EMI, UMA Formats: Digital download, CD, LP, streaming | 1 |

## Extended plays

| Title | EP details | Certifications |
| MegMac | Release date: 12 September 2014 Label: 300 Entertainment Formats: Digital download, CD | ARIA: Platinum |
| Live At Golden Retriever | Release date: 29 November 2022 Label: EMI, UMA Formats: Digital download, LP (limited) | |

## Singles
### As lead artist

List of singles as lead artist, with chart position :
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Certifications | Album |
| Title | Year | AUS | Certifications | Album |
| "Known Better" | 2013 | — | | MegMac |
| "Every Lie" | 2013 | — | | MegMac |
| "Roll Up Your Sleeves" | 2014 | 80 | ARIA: Platinum | MegMac |
| "Grandma's Hands" | 2014 | — | | MegMac |
| "Never Be" | 2015 | 39 | | Non-album single |
| "Low Blows" | 2017 | — | ARIA: Platinum | Low Blows |
| "Maybe It's My First Time" | 2017 | 92 | ARIA: Platinum | Low Blows |
| "Don't Need Permission" | 2017 | — | | Low Blows |
| "Give Me My Name Back" | 2018 | — | | Hope |
| "Something Tells Me" | 2019 | — | | Hope |
| "I'm Not Coming Back" | 2019 | — | | Hope |
| "Hope" | 2019 | — | | Hope |
| "Is It Worth Being Sad" | 2022 | — | | Matter of Time |
| "On Your Mind" | 2022 | — | | Matter of Time |
| "Only Love" | 2022 | — | | Matter of Time |
| "Letter" | 2022 | — | | Matter of Time |
| "Understand" | 2022 | — | | Matter of Time |
| "No Time to Die" (Triple J Like a Version) | 2023 | — | | Non-album single |
| "Bricks" (with Matt Corby) | 2024 | — | | TBA |
| "Home" | 2024 | — | | Non-album single |

### As featured artist

List of singles as featured artist :
| Title | Year | Album |
| "Reaction" (Dan Sultan featuring Meg Mac) | 2018 | Killer Under a Blood Moon |
# Potameides

In Greek mythology, potameides (Ancient Greek: ποταμηίδες) is a name for nymphs of rivers. It is used by Apollonius of Rhodes, who writes that, when Jason summoned the goddess Hecate:
   All the watery meadows shook at her footstep, and the marsh-dwelling river nymphs [ποταμηίδες] wailed, those who dance around that marshy meadow of Amarantian Phasis.
A scholium on the Iliad (from the A family of scholia) states that epipotamídes (ἐπιποταμίδες) is the name given to nymphs of rivers.
# Lander Park Carousel

The Lander Park Carousel, known also as Parker Carousel, Dickinson County Parker Carousel, or Riverton Park Carousel is a historic carousel in Abilene, Kansas. Built around the turn of the 20th century, it is one of only three surviving carousels out of about 68 built by Abilene's Charles W. Parker Carousel Company, and it is the only remains of the company in Abilene today. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1987. It is now a feature of the Dickinson County Heritage Center, a local history museum.

## Description and history

The Parker Carousel is located in southeastern Abilene, on the grounds of the Dickinson County Heritage Center, just east of the Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library, Museum and Boyhood Home on South Campbell Street. It is housed in a roughly octagonal single-story wood-frame structure, with an attached extension. The carousel consists of a circular wooden platform, whose outer portion has wheels that ride on a track set on the ground. The platform is fitted with 24 horses and four chariots. The horses are mounted in metal frames that impart a rocking motion when the carousel is in operation. The structure has no top of its own, as it was originally intended to be placed under a tent. The carousel is rotated via either an electric motor, or a period steam engine modified to meet modern safety standards. The power source is located in the extension, and is connected to the carousel by cabling.
The carousel was built sometime between 1898 and 1901 by the Charles W. Parker Carousel Company of Abilene. The company manufactured about 68 carousels, of which this is one of only three to survive, and is now the only surviving reminder of the company's presence in the community. Parker's carousels were renowned for their particularly graceful carved horses. This carousel was part of a traveling show Parker operated, and was purchased from that show by a mechanic in Lander, Wyoming in 1928. There it was set up for annual Fourth of July celebrations. In 1959 it was purchased by the operated of a drive-in theater in Riverton, Wyoming, where it was operated until his death. His widow wanted to keep the machine intact, and a transfer of the carousel to the Dickinson County Historical Society was mediated by the Smithsonian Institution in 1976.
# Typhoon Koryn (1993)

Typhoon Koryn, known in the Philippines as Super Typhoon Goring, was the third named storm, first typhoon and super typhoon of the 1993 Pacific typhoon season. Koryn formed on June 13 and reached super typhoon status on June 26 with winds at 150 mph (240 km/h) and a barometric pressure of 910 millibars. A powerful super typhoon, Koryn caused serious damage across the Caroline Islands, the Philippines, and the People's Republic of China, leaving 37 people dead and $14 million (1993 USD). It was the most intense tropical cyclone worldwide in 1993.

## Meteorological history

An area of low pressure formed near the Caroline Islands on June 15 and moved northward and then westward where it continued to strengthen and became Tropical Storm Koryn on June 17. Then, Koryn started to move northwestwards. On June 23, satellite photos revealed a 10-mile (16 km) diameter eye forming in the developing storm and winds of 75 mph (121 km/h) were also detected, prompting forecasters to upgrade Koryn to typhoon status.
The next day, Koryn rapidly intensified to become the first super typhoon of the season with winds of 150 mph (240 km/h) and a minimal pressure of 905 millibars. The rapid intensification occurred within a 23-hour period.
After peaking, the typhoon began to weaken and started making landfall in the northern Philippines. After making landfall in the northern Philippines on June 26, Koryn entered the South China Sea as a Category 2 typhoon. The typhoon maintained the intensity until it made landfall. Moving at 30 km/h, the storm made landfall near Hong Kong and weakened into a strong tropical storm until the storm dissipated on June 29.

## Preparations

Officials at the Joint Typhoon Warning Center issued a tropical storm warning for the Caroline Islands as Tropical Depression 6W formed. In China, officials began to issue gale warnings as the typhoon was 220 miles (350 km) from making landfall. Reports of evacuations from the Philippines before the storm are unavailable.

## Impact

When Koryn passed over Ulithi, an island in the Caroline Islands, it brought 5.53 inches (140 mm) of rain and 70 mph (110 km/h) winds. There were no reports of fatalities or injuries and minimal roof and crop damage was the only damage. In the Philippines, the storm caused extensive landslides that left 28-51 people dead, injuring 109 others and left $14 million (1993 USD) in damage. The Philippine government declared 16 provinces disaster areas after the storm. In Hong Kong, a weather station recorded winds up to 70 mph (110 km/h) and a high rainfall total of 29.1 inches (74 cm). In Macau, the storm caused extensive flooding which forced over 600 people to seek shelter. High winds also force a highway bridge to close. Koryn also brought a storm tide of 2–3 meters above normal along the coast of China. Damage in China was severe. In Guangdong, winds of at least tropical storm force and heavy rains damaged crops, destroyed or severely damaged over 378,000 homes and buildings which affected over 5.3 million people. Total damage in China was over 1.2 billion RMB (US$210 million).