# York County, New Brunswick

York County (2021 population 105,261) is located in west-central New Brunswick, Canada. The county contains the provincial capital, Fredericton. Outside the city, farming and forestry are two major industries in the county, which is bisected by the Saint John River. The Southwest Miramichi River flows through the northern section of the county.

## History

York County was established in 1785, named after the second son of King George III, Prince Frederick-Augustus (1763-1827), who was made Duke of York in 1784. By 1831, the top half was highly populated, due to the rich soil in the region, so it was split off to become Carleton County.

## Census subdivisions
### Communities

There are eleven municipalities within York County (listed by 2016 population):
| Official Name | Designation | Area km$^2$ | Population | Parish |
| Fredericton | City | 132.57 | 58,220 | n/a |
| Hanwell | Rural community | 151.32 | 4,750 | n/a |
| New Maryland | Village | 21.33 | 4,174 | New Maryland |
| Upper Miramichi | Rural community | 1,835.40 | 2,218 | n/a |
| McAdam | Village | 14.28 | 1,151 | McAdam |
| Nackawic | Town | 7.89 | 941 | Southampton |
| Nashwaak | Rural community | 17.11 | 412 | Stanley |
| Harvey | Village | 2.45 | 358 | Manners Sutton |
| Canterbury | Village | 5.33 | 336 | Canterbury |
| Millville | Village | 12.15 | 273 | Southampton |
| Lakeland Ridges | Village | 6.67 | 173 | Canterbury |

### First Nations

There are two First Nations reserves in York County (listed by 2016 population):
| Official Name | Designation | Area km$^2$ | Population | Parish |
| Devon 30 | Reserve | 2.72 | 1,038 | Douglas |
| Kingsclear 6 | Reserve | 3.81 | 493 | Kingsclear |

### Parishes

The county is subdivided into fourteen parishes (listed by 2016 population):
| Official Name | Area km$^2$ | Population | Municipalities | Unincorporated communities |
| Douglas | 1446.95 | 6,154 | Devon 30 (reserve) | Birdton / Boyds Corner / Cardigan / Carlisle Road / Currieburg / Deersdale / Dorn Ridge / Dorn Ridge Road / Douglas / Estey's Bridge / Fredericksburg / Hamtown Corner / Hurlett / Jones Forks / Keswick / Kingsley / Lower Stoneridge / MacLean Settlement / McLeod Hill / Morehouse Corner / Napadogan / North Tay / Pughs Crossing / Royal Road / Tay Creek / Tay Mills / Upper Stoneridge |
| Saint Marys | 752.68 | 4,837 | | Bantalor / Cross Creek Station / Durham Bridge / Glencoe / Lower Durham / Lower Durham Road / Manzer / Mount Hope / Nashwaak / Nashwaak Bridge / Nashwaak Village / Nashwaak West / Penniac / Ross / Saint Marys / Taymouth / Upper Durham / Upper Durham Road / Zionville |
| Bright | 403.72 | 3,289 | | Barton / Brewers Mills / Bright / Burtts Corner / Cahill / Central Hainesville / Crocks Point / Greenhill / Greenhill Lake / Hayne / Howland Ridge / Howland Ridge Hill / Jewetts Mills / Keswick Ridge / Lower Hainesville / Mactaquac / Mactaquac Heights / McKeens Corner / Scotch Settlement / Sisson Settlement / Tripp Settlement / Upper Keswick / Vinegar Hill / Zealand |
| Kingsclear | 152.06 | 2,822 | Kingsclear 6 (reserve) | Carriage Hill / Central Kingsclear / French Village / Hanwell Hamlet / Island View / Kingsclear / Longs Creek / Mazerolle Settlement / Newmarket / Oswald Gray / Pinecrest Heights / Smithfield / Somerset Park / Starlight Village / Yoho |
| New Maryland | 375.44 | 2,606 | New Maryland (village) | Beaver Dam / Charters Settlement / Forbes Subdivision / Howarth Acres / Little Lake / Nasonworth / Rooth |
| Manners Sutton | 525.56 | 1,777 | Harvey Station (village) | Acton / Brockway / Christie Ridge / Coburn / Cork / Frog Lake / Harvey lake Shore / Harvey Settlement / Hurley Corner / Lower Brockway / Manners Sutton / Middle District / Prince William Station / Roach / South Tweedside / Swans Shore / Thomaston Corner / Upper Brockway / Upper Mills / Wilmot / York Mills |
| Southampton | 450.04 | 1,484 | Nackawic (town) Millville (village) | Bates Settlement / Bull Lake / Campbell Settlement / Caverhill / Central Waterville / Clarkville / County Line / East Waterville / Hainesville / Hartfield / Hawkins Corner / Maple Ridge / Maplewood / Nortondale / Pikes Peak / Pinder / Ritchie / Rossville / South Waterville / Southampton / Temperance Vale / Temple / West Waterville / Woodman / Woodstock Road |
| Queensbury | 300.65 | 1,174 | | Bear Island / Day Hill / Dumfries / Granite Hill / Lower Caverhill / Lower Line Queensbury / Lower Queensbury / McNallys / Middle Hainesville / Scotch Lake / Springfield / Upper Caverhill / Upper Hainesville / Wiggins Mill / York |
| Stanley | 1,222.02 | 832 | Stanley (village) | Cross Creek / English Settlement / Giants Glen / Green Hill / Limekiln / Maple Grove / Maple Grove Station / Mavis Mills / Red Rock / South Portage / Sutherland Siding / Tay Falls / Tay Valley / Ward Settlement / Williamsburg / Woodlands |
| Prince William | 287.71 | 930 | | Blaney Ridge / Donnelly Settlement / Lake George / Lake Road / Lower Prince William / Magaguadavic / Magaguadavic Siding / Magundy / Pokiok Settlement / Prince William / Rosborough Settlement |
| Canterbury | 556.15 | 525 | Canterbury (village) Meductic (village) | Benton / Carroll Ridge / Charlie Lake / Dead Creek / Deer Lake / Dorrington Hill / Dow Settlement / Eel River Lake / Hartin Settlement / Johnson Settlement / Marne / Middle Southampton / Scott Siding / Skiff Lake |
| Dumfries | 302.72 | 356 | | Barony / Carson / Davidson Lake / Dumfries / Hawkshaw / Lower Dumfries / Murray / Pokiok |
| North Lake | 440.03 | 233 | | Forest City / Fosterville / Graham Corner / Green Mountain / Maxwell / North Lake / Pemberton Ridge |
| McAdam | 537.42 | 73 | McAdam (village) | Burpee / Cottrell / St. Croix / Sugar Brook |

## Demographics

As a census division in the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, York County had a population of 105,261 living in 45,259 of its 48,294 total private dwellings, a change of 5.8% from its 2016 population of 99,453. With a land area of 8,095.1 km$^2$ (3,125.5 sq mi), it had a population density of 13.0/km$^2$ (33.7/sq mi) in 2021.
| Census | Population | Change (%) |
| 2021 | 105,261 | 5.8% |
| 2016 | 99,411 | 2.2% |
| 2011 | 97,238 | 8.0% |
| 2006 | 90,872 | 4.2% |
| 2001 | 87,212 | 1.7% |
| 1996 | 85,719 | 4.1% |
| 1991 | 82,326 | N/A |
| Language | Population | Pct (%) |
| English only | 84,370 | 85.6% |
| French only | 6,560 | 6.7% |
| Other languages | 6,825 | 6.9% |
| Both English and French | 785 | 0.8% |

## Transportation
### Major highways

* Route 2 (TCH)
* Route 3
* Route 4
* Route 8
* Route 10
* Route 101
* Route 102
* Route 104
* Route 105
* Route 107
* Route 108
* Route 122
* Route 148
* Route 540
* Route 620
* Route 625
* Route 628
* Route 630