# Kedah State Legislative Assembly

The Kedah State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Undangan Negeri Kedah) is the state legislature of the Malaysian state of Kedah. It is a unicameral institution, consisting of a total of 36 lawmakers representing single-member constituencies throughout the state.
Members of the unicameral state legislature are called state assemblymen. The Legislative Assembly building is located at the Wisma Darul Aman in the state capital, Alor Setar.
Out of the 36 seats, 33 are held by the Perikatan Nasional (PN) ruling coalition after the 2023 state election. Thus, the PN coalition commands a two-thirds supermajority in the assembly. Meanwhile, Pakatan Harapan (PH) that comprises People's Justice Party (PKR) holds just 2 seats, followed by Democratic Action Party (DAP) which retain only single seat.

## Current composition

| Government | Government | Government | Opposition | Opposition |
| PN | PN | PN | PH | PH |
| 33 | 33 | 33 | 3 | 3 |
| 21 | 11 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| PAS | BERSATU | GERAKAN | PKR | DAP |
| No. | Parliamentary Constituency | No. | State Constituency | Member | Coalition (Party) | Post |
| - | - | # | Non-MLA | Zubir Ahmad | PN (PAS) | Speaker |
| P004 | Langkawi | N01 | Ayer Hangat | Shamsilah Siru | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P004 | Langkawi | N02 | Kuah | Amar Pared Mahamud | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P005 | Jerlun | N03 | Kota Siputeh | Mohd Ashraf Mustaqim Badrul Munir | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P005 | Jerlun | N04 | Ayer Hitam | Azhar Ibrahim | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P006 | Kubang Pasu | N05 | Bukit Kayu Hitam | Halimaton Shaadiah Saad | PN (BERSATU) | EXCO Member |
| P006 | Kubang Pasu | N06 | Jitra | Haim Hilman Abdullah | PN (PAS) | EXCO Member |
| P07 | Padang Terap | N07 | Kuala Nerang | Mohamad Yusoff @ Munir Zakaria | PN (PAS) | EXCO Member |
| P07 | Padang Terap | N08 | Pedu | Mohd Radzi Md Amin | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P008 | Pokok Sena | N09 | Bukit Lada | Salim Mahmood | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P008 | Pokok Sena | N10 | Bukit Pinang | Wan Romani Wan Salim | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P008 | Pokok Sena | N11 | Derga | Muhamad Amri Wahab | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P009 | Alor Setar | N12 | Suka Menanti | Dzowahir Ab Ghani | PN (BERSATU) | EXCO Member |
| P009 | Alor Setar | N13 | Kota Darul Aman | Teh Swee Leong | PH (DAP) | N/A |
| P009 | Alor Setar | N14 | Alor Mengkudu | Muhamad Radhi Mat Din | PN (PAS) | EXCO Member |
| P010 | Kuala Kedah | N15 | Anak Bukit | Rashidi Razak | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P010 | Kuala Kedah | N16 | Kubang Rotan | Mohd Salleh Saidin | PN (BERSATU) | EXCO Member |
| P010 | Kuala Kedah | N17 | Pengkalan Kundor | Mardhiyyah Johari | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P011 | Pendang | N18 | Tokai | Mohd Hayati Othman | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P011 | Pendang | N19 | Sungai Tiang | Abdul Razak Khamis | PN (BERSATU) | Deputy Speaker |
| P012 | Jerai | N20 | Sungai Limau | Mohd Azam Abd Samat | PN (PAS) | EXCO Member |
| P012 | Jerai | N21 | Guar Chempedak | Abdul Ghafar Saad | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P012 | Jerai | N22 | Gurun | Baddrol Bakhtiar | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P013 | Sik | N23 | Belantek | Ahmad Sulaiman | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P013 | Sik | N24 | Jeneri | Muhammad Sanusi Md Nor | PN (PAS) | Menteri Besar |
| P014 | Merbok | N25 | Bukit Selambau | Azizan Hamzah | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P014 | Merbok | N26 | Tanjong Dawai | Hanif Ghazali | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P015 | Sungai Petani | N27 | Pantai Merdeka | Shahrir Long | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P015 | Sungai Petani | N28 | Bakar Arang | Adam Loh Wei Chai | PH (PKR) | N/A |
| P015 | Sungai Petani | N29 | Sidam | Bau Wong Bau Ek | PH (PKR) | Opposition Leader |
| P016 | Baling | N30 | Bayu | Mohd Taufik Yaacob | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P016 | Baling | N31 | Kupang | Najmi Ahmad | PN (PAS) | N/A |
| P016 | Baling | N32 | Kuala Ketil | Mansor Zakaria | PN (PAS) | EXCO Member |
| P017 | Padang Serai | N33 | Merbau Pulas | Siti Ashah Ghazali | PN (PAS) | EXCO Member |
| P017 | Padang Serai | N34 | Lunas | Khairul Anuar Ramli | PN (BERSATU) | N/A |
| P018 | Kulim-Bandar Baharu | N35 | Kulim | Wong Chia Zhen | PN (GERAKAN) | EXCO Member |
| P018 | Kulim-Bandar Baharu | N36 | Bandar Baharu | Mohd Suffian Yusoff | PN (PAS) | N/A |

## Seating arrangement

| Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | | N19 Sungai Tiang (Deputy Speaker) | N22 Gurun | N23 Belantek | N21 Guar Chempedak |
| Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | | N04 Ayer Hitam | N26 Tanjung Dawai | N09 Bukit Lada | N08 Pedu |
| | Vacant | N03 Kota Siputeh | N02 Kuah | | N16 Kubang Rotan (EXCO Member) | N12 Suka Menanti (EXCO Member) | N10 Bukit Pinang | |
| | | N36 Bandar Baharu | C | | B | N32 Kuala Ketil (EXCO Member) | | |
| Vacant | N15 Anak Bukit | N17 Pengkalan Kundor | D | Sergeant-at-Arm | A | N07 Kuala Nerang (EXCO Member) | N18 Tokai | N31 Kupang |
| Vacant | N30 Bayu | N01 Ayer Hangat | D | | A | N05 Bukit Kayu Hitam (EXCO Member) | N35 Kulim (EXCO Member) | Vacant |
| Vacant | N27 Pantai Merdeka | Vacant | D | the Mace | A | N06 Jitra (EXCO Member) | N14 Alor Mengkudu (EXCO Member) | Vacant |
| Vacant | N11 Derga | N28 Bakar Arang | D | the Mace | A | N20 Sungai Limau (EXCO Member) | State Financial Officer | Vacant |
| Vacant | N34 Lunas | N13 Kota Darul Aman | D | | A | N33 Merbau Pulas (EXCO Member) | State Legal Advisor | Vacant |
| Vacant | N25 Bukit Selambau | N29 Sidam (Opposition Leader) | D | Secretary | A | N24 Jeneri (Menteri Besar) | State Secretary | Vacant |
| Vacant | | | | Speaker | | | | Vacant |
| | | | | Sultan | | | | |

## Role

The Kedah State Legislative Assembly's main function is to enact laws that apply in the state. It is also the forum for members to voice their opinions on the state government's policies and implementation of those policies. Under the law, assemblymen are given the right to freely discuss current issues such as public complaints. On financial matters, the Assembly approves supply to the government and ensures that the funds are spent as approved and in the tax-payers' interest.
The State Executive Council (EXCO) is appointed from members of the State Assembly. Led by the Menteri Besar, it exercises executive power on behalf of the Sultan and is responsible to the Assembly.

## Speakers Roll of Honour

The following is the Speaker of the Kedah State Legislative Assembly Roll of Honour, since 1959:
| No. | Speaker | Term start | Term end | Party | Constituency |
| 1 | Ahmad Tunku Ismail | 20 May 1959 | 28 February 1964 | Alliance (UMNO) | Sala |
| 2 | Syed Omar Syed Abdullah Shahabudin | 25 April 1964 | 7 December 1967 | Alliance (UMNO) | Baling Barat |
| 3 | Salleh Ishak | 10 May 1969 | 30 July 1974 | Alliance (UMNO) | Sungei Patani Luar |
| 4 | Abdullah Ismail | 27 October 1974 | 11 June 1978 | BN (UMNO) | Yan |
| 4 | Abdullah Ismail | 26 July 1978 | 12 February 1981 | BN (UMNO) | Yan |
| 5 | Hussain Mohd. Zain | 27 February 1981 | 5 April 1982 | BN (UMNO) | Non-MLA |
| 6 | Shaari Abu Bakar | 22 April 1982 | 18 July 1986 | BN (UMNO) | Pendang |
| 7 | Seroji Haron | 3 August 1986 | 4 October 1990 | BN (UMNO) | Bayu |
| 8 | Abdullah Ismail | 27 October 1990 | 1995 | BN (UMNO) | Yan |
| 9 | Zainol Md Isa | 5 June 1995 | 31 July 1998 | BN (UMNO) | Kupang |
| 10 | Badruddin Amiruldin | 26 December 1999 | 2004 | BN (UMNO) | Non-MLA |
| 11 | Md Rozai Safian | 2004 | 2008 | BN (UMNO) | Non-MLA |
| 12 | Abdul Isa Ismail | 2008 | 2013 | PR (PAS) | Non-MLA |
| 13 | Md Rozai Safian | 2013 | 2018 | BN (UMNO) | Non-MLA |
| 14 | Ahmad Kassim | 4 July 2018 | 14 August 2020 | PH (PKR) | Non-MLA |
| 15 | Juhari Bulat | 25 August 2020 | 29 July 2023 | PN (BERSATU) | Ayer Hangat |
| 16 | Zubir Ahmad | 25 September 2023 | present | PN (PAS) | Non-MLA |

## Election pendulum

The 2023 Kedah state election witnessed 33 governmental seats and 3 non-governmental seats filled the Kedah State Legislative Assembly. The government side has 29 safe seats and 2 fairly safe seats, while the non-government side has only a safeseat.
2023 Kedah state election :

## List of Assemblies

| Assembly | Term began | Committee | Majority party/coalition |
| 1st | 1959 | Syed Omar I | Alliance |
| 2nd | 1964 | Syed Omar II (1964-1967) Syed Ahmad I (1967-1969) | Alliance |
| 3rd | 1969 | Syed Ahmad II | Alliance (1969-1973) Barisan Nasional (1973-1974) |
| 4th | 1974 | Syed Ahmad III | Barisan Nasional |
| 5th | 1978 | Syed Nahar I | Barisan Nasional |
| 6th | 1982 | Syed Nahar II (1982-1985) Osman I (1985-1986) | Barisan Nasional |
| 7th | 1986 | Osman III | Barisan Nasional |
| 8th | 1990 | Osman III | Barisan Nasional |
| 9th | 1995 | Osman IV (1995-1996) Sanusi Junid (1996-1999) | Barisan Nasional |
| 10th | 1999 | Syed Razak I | Barisan Nasional |
| 11th | 2004 | Syed Razak II (2004-2005) Mahdzir (2005-2008) | Barisan Nasional |
| 12th | 2008 | Azizan | Pakatan Rakyat |
| 13th | 2013 | Mukhriz I (2013-2016) Ahmad Bashah (2016-2018) | Barisan Nasional |
| 14th | 2018 | Mukhriz II (2018-2020) Muhammad Sanusi I (2020-2023) | Pakatan Harapan (2018-2020) PH-Bersatu (2020) PN-BN (2020-2022) Perikatan Nasional (2022-2023) |
| 15th | 2023 | Muhammad Sanusi II | Perikatan Nasional |