OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Aidan Corr

Aidan Corr (born 17 May 1994) is a professional Australian rules footballer playing for the North Melbourne Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL), having previously played for the Greater Western Sydney Giants . The Giants drafted the defender with pick 14 in the 2012 national draft. He debuted in round 6, 2013, against Essendon at Etihad Stadium.
Born in Brockagh in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland, Corr emigrated to Australia with his family at the age of three.
Corr departed the Giants as a free agent at the conclusion of the 2020 AFL season, moving to North Melbourne.

## Statistics

    Statistics are correct to end of 2024
| Season | Team | No. | Games | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) |
| Season | Team | No. | Games | G | B | K | H | D | M | T | G | B | K | H | D | M | T |
| 2013 | Greater Western Sydney | 35 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 36 | 44 | 80 | 24 | 16 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| 2014 | Greater Western Sydney | 35 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 11 | 29 | 9 | 11 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.5 | 2.8 | 7.3 | 2.3 | 2.8 |
| 2015 | Greater Western Sydney | 35 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 89 | 74 | 163 | 54 | 42 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.7 | 3.9 | 8.6 | 2.8 | 2.2 |
| 2016 | Greater Western Sydney | 35 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 11 | 25 | 10 | 8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 4.7 | 3.6 | 8.3 | 3.3 | 2.7 |
| 2017 | Greater Western Sydney | 35 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 159 | 96 | 255 | 90 | 41 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.9 | 4.2 | 11.1 | 3.9 | 1.8 |
| 2018 | Greater Western Sydney | 35 | 16 | 1 | 1 | 104 | 59 | 163 | 54 | 34 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 6.5 | 3.7 | 10.2 | 3.4 | 2.1 |
| 2019 | Greater Western Sydney | 35 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 77 | 25 | 102 | 27 | 13 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 9.6 | 3.1 | 12.8 | 3.4 | 1.6 |
| 2020 | Greater Western Sydney | 35 | 15 | 0 | 1 | 143 | 37 | 180 | 59 | 22 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 9.5 | 2.5 | 12.0 | 7.4 | 1.5 |
| 2021 | North Melbourne | 4 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 19 | 13 | 32 | 9 | 5 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 9.5 | 6.5 | 16.0 | 4.5 | 2.5 |
| 2022 | North Melbourne | 4 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 226 | 67 | 293 | 103 | 23 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 11.3 | 3.4 | 14.7 | 5.2 | 1.2 |
| 2023 | North Melbourne | 4 | 19 | 1 | 0 | 206 | 81 | 287 | 93 | 23 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 10.8 | 4.3 | 15.1 | 4.9 | 1.2 |
| 2024 | North Melbourne | 4 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 190 | 99 | 289 | 103 | 32 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 8.3 | 4.3 | 12.6 | 4.5 | 1.4 |
| Career | Career | Career | 162 | 3 | 3 | 1281 | 617 | 1898 | 635 | 270 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 7.9 | 3.8 | 11.7 | 3.9 | 1.7 |
Notes
* ↑ The 2020 season was played with 17 home-and-away matches per team (down from 22) and 16-minute quarters with time on (down from 20-minute quarters with time on) due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
# Premove

In online chess, a premove is a move input made by a player during their opponent's turn, taking effect only after the opponent moves. A premove is performed in the same way as a normal move, most commonly by dragging the piece to its destination, or by clicking the piece and then clicking its destination.
Premoving is available on chess websites such as the Internet Chess Club, the Free Internet Chess Server, Chess.com, and Lichess.

## Description

To premove, a player makes a move input in the same way as they would if it were their turn. After their opponent moves, the premove is immediately executed, provided that the resulting move is legal; otherwise, the premove is discarded. One can cancel a premove by clicking anywhere on the board; if only one premove is allowed at a time, then one can also cancel a premove by making another premove.
In general, a piece's premove options are dependent only on its location and type; no other considerations of the board state are relevant. For example, one can make a premove that would leave their king in check if it were their turn; one can premove a pawn capture even if there is no opposing piece to be captured; and so on. For a castling premove, it is also required that the rook to be castled with is present; additionally, it is generally required that the castling rights of the king and rook have been maintained. Such apparently impossible premoves are allowed because the opponent's upcoming move may change the position in a way that allows the premove to be executed.
Some websites, such as Chess.com, offer the option of making multiple premoves at once. Each premove is executed in sequence if possible; however, if any premove fails to be executed, then it and all subsequent premoves in the sequence are cancelled.
Lichess offers the options to input moves with the keyboard and with one's voice; premoving is supported in these modes.

## Strategy

Premoving is used both recreationally and to avoid letting one's clock run out. Generally, it is only done when either the move would be good in any subsequent position where it is valid or the player is in time trouble. It is most often used when anticipating a capture by an opponent so as to recapture the capturing piece. Premoves can be risky if the opponent anticipates it and/or does something unexpected, as in the Rosen Trap, named after International Master Eric Rosen, a colloquial name for exploiting time trouble and an opponent using pre-moves to generate a stalemate in situations where a loss is otherwise assured using a move that is suboptimal in terms of keeping the game going longer but when combined with an opponent premoving based on the expectation of an optimal move, causes the player to have no legal moves.
| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
| 8 | | | | | | | | | 8 |
| 7 | | | | | | | | | 7 |
| 6 | | | | | | | | | 6 |
| 5 | | | | | | | | | 5 |
| 4 | | | | | | | | | 4 |
| 3 | | | | | | | | | 3 |
| 2 | | | | | | | | | 2 |
| 1 | | | | | | | | | 1 |
| | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | |
# Armenian Railways Museum

The Armenian Railways Museum (Armenian: Հայաստանի երկաթուղու թանգարան) is a railway museum in Yerevan, Armenia.
On 31 July 2009, the South Caucasus Railway (SCR) Company, a rail operator in Armenia, owned by Russian Railways, opened the Railway Museum in Yerevan in the building of Yerevan railway station. According to Chief Engineer Sergey Harutyunyan, was timed to coincide with the International Railway Day, celebrated on 2 August 2009.
The history of the Armenian railway is presented in the museum, from 1896 to the present. There are 10 panels in the museum, each of which represents a certain period of railroad history. The exhibition includes copies of historical documents on the construction of railway crossings in Armenia, photographs of old trains, models of old and modern trains, and railroad equipment. Some of the exhibits are gifts from the Russian Railways. Several larger objects are in a garden accessed from the museum. A 1930s locomotive, number 3ա705-46, and a carriage (the latter formerly housing exhibits on the construction of the Caucasus railway system) stand in the adjacent station. During the Soviet era, the museum did not function - only a small exposition was represented in the carriage standing on the tracks.
Museum is open to the public from Monday to Friday (10:00-17:00). The exhibits are labelled in Armenian and Russian.
* Building of Yerevan railway station
* Entrance to the museum
* Models of railroad stations in Armenia
* Vardan Zoravar (Vardan — the military leader) armoured train small copy
* Model of locomotive
* The equipment used at the station
* Locomotive 3ա705-46 and coach
# Cristian Guanca

Cristian David Guanca (born 26 March 1993) is an Argentinian professional footballer who plays as a left midfielder and a forward for Saudi Pro League side Al-Shabab.

## Career

On 17 June 2018, Guanca joined Saudi Arabian club Al-Ettifaq on a one-year loan from Colón.
On 3 July 2019, Guanca joined Al-Shabab on a three-year contract. On 9 July 2021, Guanca signed one-year contract extension before joining Emirati side Al Ain on loan. On 24 August 2022, Guanca renewed his contract with Al-Shabab, signing a three-year extension. On 15 July 2023, Guanca joined Al Wahda on loan. On 30 January 2024, Guanca joined Al-Taawoun on a six-month loan.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of match played 21 December 2024
| Club | Season | League | League | League | National cup | National cup | League cup | League cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Club Atlético Colón | 2015 | APD | 22 | 3 | 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 23 | 3 |
| Club Atlético Colón | 2017–18 | APD | 24 | 1 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 2 | 0 | – | – | 27 | 1 |
| Club Atlético Colón | Total | Total | 46 | 4 | 2 | 0 | – | – | 2 | 0 | – | – | 50 | 4 |
| C.S. Emelec (loan) | 2006 | Ecuadorian Serie A | 43 | 21 | – | – | – | – | 9 | 2 | – | – | 52 | 23 |
| Kasımpaşa S.K. (loan) | 2016–17 | Süper Lig | 12 | 2 | 4 | 1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 16 | 3 |
| Al-Ettifaq (loan) | 2018–19 | SPL | 29 | 14 | 3 | 3 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 32 | 17 |
| Al-Shabab | 2019–20 | SPL | 30 | 11 | 2 | 2 | – | – | – | – | 4 | 2 | 36 | 15 |
| Al-Shabab | 2020–21 | SPL | 28 | 17 | 1 | 0 | – | – | – | – | 1 | 1 | 30 | 18 |
| Al-Shabab | 2022–23 | SPL | 28 | 13 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 2 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 34 | 14 |
| Al-Shabab | 2024–25 | SPL | 13 | 2 | 1 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 2 |
| Al-Shabab | Total | Total | 101 | 43 | 5 | 2 | – | – | 2 | 0 | 8 | 4 | 114 | 49 |
| Al-Ain (loan) | 2021–22 | UPL | 25 | 8 | 2 | 0 | 7 | 3 | – | – | – | – | 34 | 11 |
| Al Wahda (loan) | 2023–24 | UPL | 10 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 3 | – | – | 4 | 1 | 18 | 5 |
| Al-Taawoun | 2023–24 | SPL | 14 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 14 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 268 | 94 | 16 | 5 | 11 | 6 | 13 | 2 | 12 | 1 | 320 | 108 |
* ↑ Includes Copa Argentina, Turkish Cup, King Cup, UAE President's Cup
* ↑ Includes UAE League Cup
* ↑ Appearances in Copa Sudamericana
* ↑ Five appearances and two goals in Copa Libertadores, four appearances in Copa Sudamericana
* 1 2 3 4 Appearances in Arab Club Champions Cup
* ↑ Appearances in AFC Champions League

## Honours

Al Ain
* UAE Pro League: 2021–22
* UAE League Cup: 2021–22
Individual
* Saudi Pro League Player of the Month: August & September 2022, February 2025
# Aspen Magazine

Aspen Magazine is a magazine in Aspen, Colorado, United States by Modern Luxury covering adventure, culture, fashion, food & wine, real estate and well-being. .

## Overview

A local publication named Aspen, The Magazine, was founded in 1974. The founder was Ernie Ashley Goodnough. In 1987, Janet O'Grady and Randy Beier bought the company that owned Aspen, The Magazine, and folded the publication. The couple founded the publishing company Ridge Publications, and they co-founded an entirely new title, copyrighting it Aspen Magazine, with both a local and national editorial direction, as well as advertising and circulation business model. The couple were the vision and the public faces of the brand and very active in the Aspen community. The magazine was known for its satirical Best of Aspen issues. The publication eventually evolved, along with the times, in to a luxury lifestyle magazine. Aspen Magazine's main themes were culture, fashion, cuisine, health, personalities, travel, luxury, sports, and nature. Randy Beier died of cancer in 2001. Janet O'Grady, who served as editor in chief from 1987 to 2013, sold the company to luxury media company Modern Luxury in the end of 2012, and works as a writer and digital and social media expert.
It once published six issues a year, in January, March, June, July, August, and December, but as of 2024,the magazine is published five times a year, including the Aspen's Insider Guide. It also publishes a supplement, the Art Gallery Guide.
# Didești

Didești (Romanian pronunciation:) is a commune in Teleorman County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Didești, Însurăței, and Satu Nou.

## Natives

* Gala Galaction (1879–1961), writer and theologian
# U Saved Me

"U Saved Me" is a gospel song by R. Kelly. Taken as the title track single from U Saved Me (a part of the Happy People/U Saved Me double disc album), it reached number 52 on the Billboard Hot 100 and number 14 on the Hot R&B and Hip-Hop Songs charts. The song later appeared on Kelly's 2010 album, Epic.

## Music video

The music video was directed by Little X under his real name, Julien Christian Lutz.

## Live performance

Kelly sang this song live for the first time at the 2005 Soul Train Awards Show.

## Song content

Kelly narrates four real-life stories based on trials and tribulations of individuals and how they turned it over to God so that He can save them. The first verse describes a drunk driver who nearly lost his life in a car accident, the second verse describes a person on unemployment and has trouble looking for work, the third verse describes an 18-year-old drug dealer who was involved in a shootout when a drug deal went bad, and the fourth verse describes a person diagnosed with cancer who reached out to his mother to pray for him. In each situation, they were thankful to be given a second chance at life.

## Charts
### Weekly charts

All entries charted with "Happy People" except where noted.
Chart performance for "U Saved Me" :
| Chart (2004) | Peak position |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Flanders) | 2 |
| Belgium (Ultratip Bubbling Under Wallonia) | 2 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 40 |
| Scotland (OCC) | 15 |
| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 49 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 6 |
| UK Hip Hop/R&B (OCC) | 2 |
| US Billboard Hot 100 "U Saved Me" only | 52 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) "U Saved Me" only | 14 |

### Year-end charts

Year-end chart performance for "U Saved Me" :
| Chart (2004) | Position |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (Billboard) | 61 |

## Release history

Release history and formats for "U Saved Me" :
| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) | Ref. |
| United States | July 6, 2004 | Rhythmic contemporaryurban contemporary radio | JiveZomba | |
# Kamaishi Expressway

The Kamaishi Expressway (釜石自動車道, Kamaishi Jidōsha-dō) is a partially tolled two-lane national expressway in Iwate Prefecture, Japan. The expressway connects Kamaishi, Iwate on the prefecture's Pacific coast to the Tōhoku Expressway. It is owned and operated by partly by the East Nippon Expressway Company and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. The expressway is signed as an auxiliary route of National Route 283 as well as E46 under the "2016 Proposal for Realization of Expressway Numbering."

## Route description

From Hanamaki to Tōwa the expressway is maintained and tolled by the East Nippon Expressway Company. The rest of the expressway is able to be driven without any fees. That section of the expressway is maintained by the Tōhoku branch of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism.
The entire expressway has only one lane in each direction, with passing lanes at some interchanges. The speed limit is 70 km/h for the entire route, except for the section between Tōno and Miyamori.

## History

The Kamaishi Expressway was first opened in 2002. There was a 10 kilometer gap in the expressway in Tōno and the expressway did not connect to its eastern terminus at a junction with the Sanriku Expressway. These missing links in the expressway were scheduled to be completed in 2018, but were instead opened later in March 2019.

## Junction list

The entire expressway is in Iwate Prefecture.
| Location | km | mi | Exit | Name | Destinations | Notes |
| Hanamaki | 0 | 0.0 | 38-2 | Hanamaki | Tōhoku Expressway– Sendai, Aomori | Western terminus of Kamaishi Expressway. E46 continues south along E4 to the Akita Expressway. |
| Hanamaki | 3.7 | 2.3 | 1 | Hanamaki Airport | National Route 4/ Iwate Prefecture Route 294 – Hanamaki Airport, Morioka | |
| Hanamaki | 4.8 | 3.0 | TB | Hanamaki Toll Booth | | |
| Hanamaki | 11.4 | 7.1 | 2 | Tōwa | National Route 283 / National Route 456 – Tōwa | |
| Ōshū | 23 | 14 | 3 | Esashi-Tase | National Route 107 – Ōshū, Kitakami | |
| Tōno | 35.1 | 21.8 | 4 | Miyamori | National Route 107 – Miyamori, Ōfunato | |
| Tōno | 44.1 | 27.4 | 5 | Tōno | Iwate Prefecture Route 238 – Tōno | |
| Tōno | 46.0 | 28.6 | Nabekura Tunnel | Nabekura Tunnel |
| Tōno | 55.1 | 34.2 | 6 | Tōno-Sumita | National Route 283 / National Route 340 – Tōno, Sumita | |
| Sumita | 59.5 | 37.0 | Akimaru Tunnel | Akimaru Tunnel |
| Sumita | 60.2 | 37.4 | Rōkandō Tunnel | Rōkandō Tunnel |
| Sumita | 64.6 | 40.1 | 7 | Rōkandō | Iwate Prefecture Route 167 – Sumita, Rōkandō Cave | |
| Sumita | 65 | 40 | Shin-Sennin Tunnel | Shin-Sennin Tunnel |
| Kamaishi | 69.9 | 43.4 | Kasshi Tunnel | Kasshi Tunnel |
| Kamaishi | 73.5 | 45.7 | 8 | Kamaishi-nishi | National Route 283 – Kamaishi, Hanamaki | |
| Kamaishi | 76.2 | 47.3 | - | Emergency Exit | Iwate Prefectural Kamaishi Hospital | Emergency vehicles only |
| Kamaishi | 79.5 | 49.4 | 40 | Kamaishi | Sanriku Expressway – Kamaishi-chūō, Miyako, Kuji, Ōfunato, Kesennuma | Eastern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi Concurrency terminus Incomplete access Tolled |||||||
# List of scripts with no ISO 15924 code

The following writing scripts have not been allocated an ISO 15924 code.
* APL
* Avoiuli script
* Aztec script
* Badaga
* Bagam
* Balti A
* Balti B
* Bété
* Bhujimol script
* Borama
* Bronze scripts
* Brusha
* Byblos
* Chalukya
* Chola
* Coorgi–Cox alphabet
* Dhimal
* Eebee Hmog
* Epi Olmec
* Ersu Shaba script
* Eskaya
* Fula alphabets
* Gabelsberger shorthand
* Gangga Malayu
* Gregg shorthand
* Great Lakes Algonquian syllabics
* Gurung (khe phri)
* Gugyeol
* Gupta script
* Hamnosys
* Iban
* iConji
* Indus Valley script
* IsiBheqe soHlamvu
* Kadamba
* Kaddare
* Kaida
* Karani
* Kherinci
* Khamti
* Khati baburi
* Khitan large script
* Khom script (Ong Kommadam)
* Khom Thai script
* Khotanese
* Kpelle
* Kulitan
* Lampung
* Laṇḍā scripts
* Leke
* Linear Elamite
* Lontara
* Luo
* Mangar akkha
* Mandombe
* Marchung
* Masaba
* Maya script
* Mi'kmaw hieroglyphs
* Minangkabau
* Mixtec
* Moon
* Mwangwego script
* Naasioi
* Nasu
* Nisu
* Northern paleohispanic
* Numidian
* Nwagu Aneke script
* Old Minahasa
* Olmec
* Oracle bone script
* Pallava
* Pau Cin Hau logographs
* Pitman shorthand
* Proto elamit
* Proto sinaitic
* Pungchen
* Pungchung
* Pyu
* Quikscript
* Raina kama
* Ranajana
* Romanian transitional alphabet
* Rongo rongo
* Salifou hausa
* Sani yi
* Satavahana
* Seal script
* Shankha
* Shuishui logograms
* Sirmauri
* Sitelen Pona
* Southern Paleohospanic
* Stokoe
* Szarvas inscription
* Tani
* Teeline Shorthand
* Teotihuacan
* Tikamuli
* Tironian notes
* Tocharian script
* Unifon
* Vtafi
* Vtai yo
* Vtangsa
* Vatteluttu
* Veso Bey
* Visible Speech
* Western Cham
* Woleai
* Zapotec
* Zou
* Some fictional constructed writing systems
# Giordano Abbondati

Giordano Giulio Abbondati (29 May 1948 – 21 April 2005) was an Italian figure skater and seven-time national champion in 1961–66 and 1968. He competed in several European and World Championships in the 1960s, in addition to the 1964 and 1968 Winter Olympic Games, in both of which he placed 14th.
Giordano retired from figure skating in 1968 to pursue a career in medicine but continued to be involved in figure skating as an international competition judge for many years. He married fellow judge Hely Rainesalo-Abbondati of Finland in 1974 and moved to Helsinki, Finland. He later moved to the UK with his wife and two children, where he practised as a consultant anesthesiologist at Central Middlesex Hospital in London, becoming Head of Anaesthetics and later Clinical Director of the pioneering Ambulatory Care and Diagnostics Centre (ACAD) which opened in 1999. He died from natural causes in 2005.

## Results

| Event | 1961 | 1962 | 1963 | 1964 | 1965 | 1966 | 1968 |
| Winter Olympic Games | | | | 14th | | | 14th |
| World Championships | | | 17th | | 14th | 9th | 16th |
| European Championships | 14th | 13th | 15th | 8th | 11th | 7th | 11th |
| Italian Championships | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st |
# Matt Sinclair

Matthew Christopher Sinclair (born July 24, 1982) is an American former professional football linebacker. He was signed by the Baltimore Ravens as an undrafted free agent in 2005. He played college football at Illinois.
Sinclair has also played for the Miami Dolphins and Washington Redskins.
Head coach
On February 21, 2023, Sinclair accepted a head coaching position with the Fisher Jr. Sr. High School football team. This is his first time as a head coach.
# OSD Beograd

Omladinsko sportsko društvo Beograd (Serbian Cyrillic: Омладинско спортско друштво Београд, lit. 'Youth sports association Belgrade'), commonly abbreviated as OSD Beograd (Serbian Cyrillic: ОСД Београд), is a multi-sports club from Belgrade, Serbia. Founded in 1945, it's an umbrella organization featuring teams in several sports.

## Active teams

* OFK Beograd - Omladinski fudbalski klub
* OKK Beograd - Omladinski košarkaški klub
* ORK Beograd - Omladinski rukometni klub
* OAK Beograd - Omladinski atletski klub
* OBK Beograd - Omladinski biciklistički klub
* OŠK Beograd - Omladinski šahovski klub
* OJK Beograd - Omladinski džudo klub
* OTK Beograd - Omladinski teniski klub

### Defunct clubs

* OHK Beograd - Omladinski hokejaški klub

## History

It was founded on March 25, 1945 as Sportski Klub Metalac, in the summer of 1950 the name changed to Beogradsko sportsko društvo. In the winter of 1957 it changed to Omladinsko sportsko društvo Beograd.
# Jean-Pierre Cayard

Jean-Pierre Cayard is a French billionaire businessman, who inherited the spirits manufacturer La Martiniquaise from his father, turning it into France's second-largest spirits group.
As of March 2025, Cayard has an estimated net worth of US$2.4 billion.
# King of Egypt

King of Egypt (Arabic: ملك مصر, romanized: Malik Miṣr), officially referred to as, King of Egypt, Sovereign of Nubia, Sudan, Kordofan, and Darfur, was the title used by the ruler of Egypt between 1922 and 1951. When the United Kingdom issued the Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence on 28 February 1922, thereby ending its protectorate over Egypt, Egypt's Sultan Fuad I issued a decree on 15 March 1922 whereby he adopted the title of King of Egypt. It has been reported that the title change was due not only to Egypt's newly independent status, but also to Fuad I's desire to be accorded the same title as the newly installed rulers of the newly created kingdoms of Hejaz, Syria and Iraq. The second monarch to be styled King of Egypt was Fuad I's son Farouk I, whose title was changed to King of Egypt and the Sudan in October 1951 following the Wafdist government's unilateral abrogation of the Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936. The monarchy was abolished on 18 June 1953 following the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 and the establishment of a republic. The third king, the infant Fuad II of Egypt (Farouk having abdicated following the revolution), went into exile in Italy. The position was replaced by the President of Egypt on June 18, 1953.
The rulers of ancient Egypt may be described using the title King (a translation of the Egyptian word nsw) or pharaoh (derived from pr ˤ3). The story of Moses in the Quran includes his interaction with the ruler of Egypt, named Pharaoh (Arabic: فرعون, romanized: fir'aun). The earlier story of Joseph in Islam refers to the Egyptian ruler as a king (Arabic: ملك, romanized: malik).

## List of Monarchs

| Portrait | Name | King From | King Until |
| | Fuad I | 15 March 1922 | 28 April 1936 |
| | Farouk I | 28 April 1936 | 16 October 1951 |