# Chandler, Arizona

Chandler is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States, and a suburb in the Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is the fourth-most populous city in Arizona, after Mesa, Tucson, and Phoenix. Chandler is considered to be a part of the East Valley.
As of the 2020 census, the population of Chandler was 275,987, up from 236,123 at the 2010 census. Chandler is a commercial and tech hub for corporations like Intel, Northrop Grumman, Wells Fargo, PayPal and Boeing.

## History

In 1891, Dr. Alexander John Chandler, a Canadian and the first veterinary surgeon in the Arizona Territory, settled on a ranch south of Mesa and studied irrigation engineering. By 1900, he had acquired 18,000 acres (73 km$^2$) of land and began drawing up plans for a town-site on what was then known as the Chandler Ranch. The town-site office opened on May 16, 1912.
The original town-site was bounded by Galveston Street to the north, Frye Road to the south, Hartford Street to the west, and Hamilton Street to the east. By 1913, a town center was established, featuring the Hotel San Marcos, which also had the first grass golf course in the state. Chandler High School was established in 1914. Chandler was officially incorporated on February 16, 1920, after 186 residents petitioned the Maricopa County Board of Supervisors to approve incorporation.
Most of Chandler's economy was sustained during the Great Depression (though the Depression was to blame for the cancellation of a second San Marcos hotel), but the cotton crash a few years later had a much deeper impact on the city's residents. A. J. Chandler lost his San Marcos hotel to creditors as a result. Later, the founding of Williams Air Force Base in 1941 led to a small surge in population, but Chandler still only held 3,800 people by 1950.
By 1980, the population had grown to 30,000, and it has since paced the Phoenix metropolitan area's high rate of growth, with suburban residential areas and commercial use areas swallowing former agricultural plots. The population has nearly doubled in the last twenty years. Some of this growth was fueled by the establishment of manufacturing plants for communications and computing firms such as Microchip, Motorola and Intel.

## Geography

According to the 2020 census, Chandler has a total area of 65.55 square miles (169.8 km$^2$), of which 0.07 square miles (0.18 km$^2$), or 0.11%, are listed as water. The center of the city, along Arizona State Route 87, is 22 miles (35 km) southeast of Downtown Phoenix.
Chandler is in proximity to/borders the San-Tan mountain range. The San-Tan mountains are in the jurisdiction of the Gila River Indian Community.
Chandler is divided into three parts: North Chandler, West Chandler and South Chandler, each being divided by the Loop 202 (Santan Freeway) and Loop 101 (Price Freeway).

### Climate

Climate data for Chandler, AZ :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 89 (32) | 95 (35) | 99 (37) | 106 (41) | 118 (48) | 116 (47) | 119 (48) | 115 (46) | 113 (45) | 107 (42) | 97 (36) | 86 (30) | 119 (48) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 67 (19) | 71 (22) | 77 (25) | 85 (29) | 94 (34) | 104 (40) | 106 (41) | 104 (40) | 99 (37) | 89 (32) | 75 (24) | 67 (19) | 87 (30) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 54 (12) | 58 (14) | 63 (17) | 70 (21) | 78 (26) | 87 (31) | 92 (33) | 90 (32) | 85 (29) | 74 (23) | 61 (16) | 54 (12) | 72 (22) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 41 (5) | 45 (7) | 49 (9) | 54 (12) | 61 (16) | 70 (21) | 77 (25) | 76 (24) | 70 (21) | 59 (15) | 47 (8) | 40 (4) | 57 (14) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 15 (−9) | 19 (−7) | 24 (−4) | 30 (−1) | 37 (3) | 43 (6) | 54 (12) | 51 (11) | 40 (4) | 30 (−1) | 22 (−6) | 17 (−8) | 15 (−9) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 1.01 (26) | 1.03 (26) | 1.19 (30) | 0.33 (8.4) | 0.17 (4.3) | 0.06 (1.5) | 0.89 (23) | 1.14 (29) | 0.89 (23) | 0.81 (21) | 0.77 (20) | 0.98 (25) | 9.20 (234) |
| Source: The Weather Channel ||||||||||||||

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Chandler, Arizona – Racial and ethnic composition Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race. :
| Race / Ethnicity (NH = Non-Hispanic) | Pop 2000 | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| White alone (NH) | 121,168 | 145,724 | 147,119 | 68.62% | 61.72% | 53.31% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 5,821 | 10,580 | 15,564 | 3.30% | 4.48% | 5.64% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 1,628 | 2,715 | 3,850 | 0.92% | 1.15% | 1.39% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 7,345 | 19,119 | 32,710 | 4.16% | 8.10% | 11.85% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 222 | 365 | 571 | 0.13% | 0.15% | 0.21% |
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 301 | 369 | 1,237 | 0.17% | 0.16% | 0.45% |
| Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) | 3,037 | 5,443 | 12,679 | 1.72% | 2.31% | 4.59% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 37,059 | 51,808 | 62,257 | 20.99% | 21.94% | 22.56% |
| Total | 176,581 | 236,123 | 275,987 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% |
As of the 2022 American Community Survey estimates, there were 280,684 people and 106,712 households. The population density was 4,276.2 inhabitants per square mile (1,651.1/km$^2$). There were 113,092 housing units at an average density of 1,722.9 per square mile (665.2/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 56.0% White, 13.4% Asian, 7.6% Black or African American, 4.4% some other race, 1.0% Native American or Alaskan Native, and 0.1% Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, with 17.5% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 21.2% of the population.
Of the 106,712 households, 34.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 24.2% had seniors 65 years or older living with them, 50.7% were married couples living together, 7.4% were couples cohabitating, 18.3% had a male householder with no partner present, and 23.6% had a female householder with no partner present. The median household size was 2.61 and the median family size was 3.12.
The age distribution was 23.8% under 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 27.9% from 25 to 44, 26.4% from 45 to 64, and 13.0% who were 65 or older. The median age was 37.0 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.8 males.
The median income for a household was $98,664, with family households having a median income of $116,362 and non-family households $66,304. The per capita income was $50,247. Out of the 279,322 people with a determined poverty status, 7.6% were below the poverty line. Further, 9.3% of minors and 7.6% of seniors were below the poverty line.
In the survey, residents self-identified with various ethnic ancestries. People of German descent made up 13.0% of the population of the city, followed by Irish at 10.1%, English at 8.5%, American at 5.7%, Italian at 4.5%, Polish at 1.9%, Scottish at 1.7%, French at 1.6%, Arab at 1.5%, Sub-Saharan African at 1.5%, Norwegian at 1.2%, Dutch at 1.1%, Swedish at 1.0%, French Canadian at 0.6%, Russian at 0.6%, Scotch-Irish at 0.5%, and Greek at 0.5%.

## Economy

Computer chip manufacturer Intel has two locations in Chandler. Other high-technology manufacturing firms have partnerships with Chandler, their operations employing approximately 25% of non-government workers in 2007.
Since 2003, more than 2,900 jobs and investments totalling $3 billion have been created along the Price and Santan freeways, in the Price Road Corridor. The 1,300,000-square-foot (120,000 m$^2$) Chandler Fashion Center, opened in 2001.
Companies headquartered in Chandler include Keap, Microchip, and Rogers. Bashas' headquarters is in a county island surrounded by Chandler.

### Top employers

According to the City of Chandler Economic Development Division, leading employers in the city are:
| # | Employer | # of Employees |
| 1 | Intel | 12,000 |
| 2 | Wells Fargo | 5,500 |
| 3 | Chandler Unified School District | 4,900 |
| 4 | Bank of America | 3,600 |
| 5 | Chandler Regional Medical Center / Dignity Health | 2,500 |
| 6 | Northrop Grumman | 2,150 |
| 7 | Chandler–Gilbert Community College | 1,900 |
| 8 | City of Chandler | 1,800 |
| 9 | Microchip Technology (HQ) | 1,700 |
| 10 | NXP Semiconductors | 1,700 |
| 11 | PayPal | 1,500 |
| 12 | Insight Enterprises | 1,400 |
| 13 | Microchip Technology | 1,500 |
| 14 | Verizon | 1,400 |
| 15 | Bashas' (HQ and Distribution Center) | 1,100 |

## Arts and culture

Chandler holds an annual Ostrich Festival at Tumbleweed Park to commemorate when ostrich farms in the area produced plumes for women's hats during the 1910s.
Chandler also holds an annual ceremony to light a tree made from tumbleweeds; a ceremony founded in 1957 when Chandler sought an alternative way to decorate the city during the Christmas holidays.
Venues, galleries and museums include:
* Chandler Center for the Arts, a 1,500-seat regional performing arts venue, which is shared by the City of Chandler and the Chandler Unified School District.
* The Vision Gallery, a fine arts gallery featuring regional artists.
* The Arizona Railway Museum, located at Tumbleweed Park.
* The Chandler Museum, located near Chandler Fashion Center.
Several sites in Chandler are listed on the National Register of Historic Places, including the McCullough–Price House and the San Marcos Hotel.
The Chandler Public Library serves Chandler and the greater East Valley. The main library is in Downtown Chandler, with two branches elsewhere in the city: Sunset, Basha (shared with Basha High School), and Hamilton (shared with Hamilton High School).

## Parks and recreation

Tumbleweed Park hosts the annual Ostrich Festival, the Fourth of July Fireworks Festival and the annual Day of Play. It features a recreational center with equipment suited for fitness.
Hamilton Aquatic Center is a shared-use aquatic facility, located within Hamilton High School's campus.
Nozomi Aquatic Center is a shared-use aquatic facility which includes a 25 yard, 8-lane competition pool.
Veterans Oasis Park is located at the city's highest point, at 1,311 feet (400 m). It includes a wildlife preservation and designated horse and walking trails.

## Government
### City government

Chandler is represented by a mayor, a vice mayor and five city council members. The vice mayor is elected by the city council from among its members. The mayor, vice mayor and council members represent the entire city and are not elected from districts or wards.
Kevin Hartke was elected to his second term as mayor in 2023.

### Federal representation

The north central section of the city and the western "leg" of the city are within Arizona's 4th congressional district, served by Representative Greg Stanton, a Democrat. The rest of Chandler is within Arizona's 5th congressional district, served by Representative Andy Biggs, a Republican.

### State representation

Chandler's western "leg" and a small, narrow portion of the adjacent northern part of the city are within Arizona's 18th Legislative District, served by Representatives Denise Epstein and Jennifer Jermaine, and Senator Sean Bowie, all Democrats. The rest of the city is in Arizona's 17th Legislative District, served by Representatives Jennifer Pawlik and Jeff Weninger, and Senator J. D. Mesnard, one Democrat and two Republicans.

## Education
### Elementary and secondary

Chandler is served by the Chandler Unified School District, Kyrene Elementary School District, Tempe Union High School District, Mesa Public Schools, and Gilbert Public Schools.
Catholic and charter schools include Basis Schools, Seton Catholic Preparatory, and Legacy Traditional Schools.

### Post-secondary

Post-secondary educational institutions located in Chandler include: The University of Arizona Chandler, International Baptist College, and the two-year Chandler-Gilbert Community College, which serves 13,000 students.

## Infrastructure
### Transportation
#### Airports

Chandler Municipal Airport is a two-runway general aviation facility. Stellar Airpark is a privately owned municipal airport open to the public.

#### Freeways and highways

Chandler is served by three limited access highways:
* Loop 202, the Santan Freeway, which divides North and South Chandler.
* Loop 101, the Price Freeway, which was fully completed in 2001.
* Interstate 10, which runs through the city's westernmost border.

#### Railroads

Chandler is served by two single-track branch lines of the Union Pacific Railroad.

#### Healthcare

Hospitals in Chandler include Chandler Regional Medical Center, and Banner Ocotillo Medical Center.

## Sister cities

Chandler has two sister cities:
* Tullamore, County Offaly, Ireland
* Tainan, Taiwan