# Solidarity Monument

The Solidarity Monument (Polish: Pomnik „Solidarności”) is a memorial in Warsaw, Poland, placed at the intersection of Świętokrzyska and Kopernika Streets, within the North Downtown neighbourhood. It is dedicated to Solidarity trade union, which throughout the 1980s, was a broad anti-authoritarian social movement, using methods of civil resistance to advance the causes of workers' rights and social change, which eventually led to the agreement with the government for the 1989 parliamentary election, the country's first pluralistic election since 1947. The sculpture consists of its large metal logo, cutting through a long concrete block, which incorporates into its structural fragments of the Berlin Wall. The monument was unvailed on 4 June 2021, on the 32th anniversary of the 1989 election.

## History

The monument was financed by the Ronald Reagan Foundation, and proposed and co-designed by its chairperson Janusz Dorosiewicz, together with Jerzy Janiszewski, author of the Solidarity logo. It was unveiled on 4 June 2021, on the 32th anniversary of the 1989 parliamentary election, the country's first pluralistic election since 1947. The monument was originally proposed in 2014, with date of its unveiling postponed several times.
The ceremony was attended by mayor of Warsaw Rafał Trzaskowski, and Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, candidate in the 2020 Belarusian presidential election and leader of the anti-authoritarian opposition in the country.
The Solidarity trade union was against the construction of the logo, accusing its author of illegally using their logo without their permission, and demanded its removal. It stated that having bought the right to the logo from its author, Jerzy Janiszewski, the organization has exclusive rights to its distribution. Solidarity also has filed a notion to the Warsaw public prosecutor's office, which approved it, initiating predatory providings, and elevating it to the regional office. The Ronald Reagan Foundation stated that they received permission for its usage from Janiszewski, whom himself, stated that while he signed agreement with Solidarity giving them right to use of the logo, he did not sign off the full ownership of it. Furthermore, he claimed that it became a historic symbol and heritage good of all Polish people, and as such, giving the population right for its non-commercial usage. The Warsaw City Hall has later reaffirmed and sided with Janiszewski's statements.

## Design

The monument consists of a concrete wall, cut through on one of its ends by a large orange metal sculpture of the logo of the Solidarity trade union. The design incorporates authentic fragments of the Berlin Wall, with graffiti on them, into the construction. It also features quotes by President of the United States Ronald Reagan, and Pope John Paul II. It reads:
   Polish inspiration: Żadna broń w światowych arsenałach nie jest tak potężna jak wola i moralna odwaga wolnych mężczyzn i kobiet. Ronald Reagan Narodziła się Solidarność. Było to przełomowe wydarzenie w historii naszego narodu, ale także w dziejach Europy. Jan Paweł II
   English translation: No weapon in the arsenals of the world is so formidable as the will and moral courage of free men and women. Ronald Reagan The Solidarity was born. It was a landmark event in the history of our nation, but also in the history of Europe. John Paul II