OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Eric Bergman

Henry Eric Bergman (1893–1958), born Heinrich Erich Bergmann, was a Canadian artist born in Dresden, Germany. Bergman’s training was as a commercial wood engraver illustrating catalogs and business prospectuses. He later took up fine art working in pencil, watercolour, oil paint, colour wood block printing but he is best known for his fine black and white wood engravings. Bergman was close friends with Harold R. Foster who created the comic strip Prince Valiant, and appeared on the Hal Foster episode of This Is Your Life in 1954.

## Chronology

* November 10, 1893 born in Dresden, Germany
* 1911 obtained a Diploma of Merit from the Art and Trade School of Dresden, after three years of study.
* 1913 he came to Canada
* 1914 joined Brigdens Limited in Winnipeg, Manitoba where he spent many years as a commercial wood engraver for the Eaton's catalogue.
* 1922 – he was inspired by Frederick Henry (Fred) Brigden and Walter J. Phillips to take up fine arts
* 1926 - first wood engraving
* 1927 and 1930 His work was reproduced in special editions of The Studio
* 1933 + 1936 exhibited in the Warsaw Exhibition
* February 9, 1958 died Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
* Also a charter member of the Winnipeg Art Gallery, charter member and past president of the Society of Canadian Painter-Etchers and Engravers (founded in 1916), and a member of the Canadian Handicrafts Guild.
# Chipping Campden School

Chipping Campden School is a non-selective secondary school and sixth form with academy status located in Chipping Campden, in the English county of Gloucestershire. Founded in c. 1440 the school celebrated its 575th birthday in 2015, making its charter one of the oldest in England.
The school was founded with money left by John Fereby and his wife, a wealthy wool merchant, for the education of the poor boys of the town. Further investments were provided by Baptist Hicks, 1st Viscount Campden and later the Earl of Gainsborough in the 17th century and John Townsend. The school now uses these founders as its house names.
The original school buildings were situated in the High Street in Chipping Campden offering boarding for boys and later girls in other local buildings.
The school came to be a grammar school until 1965 when it merged with Moreton Secondary Modern School to become a comprehensive. The school buildings were substantially enlarged in 1964 to house the incoming students from Moreton.

## Headmasters of Chipping Campden Grammar School (up to 1964)

* 1547 Sir Robert Glaseman
* 1627 Rev Ambrose Jenks
* 1632 Rev Broadway
* 1635 Rev Samuel Edwards
* 1647 Rev Butler
* 1648 Rev Mason MA
* 1664 Rev Kirkham
* 1669 Rev Taylor
* 1686 Rev Morse
* 1700 Rev Smith
* 1717 Rev R Goodhall
* 1741 Rev Lumbert
* 1766 Rev W Boyce
* 1772 Rev T Symonds
* 1797 Rev J Worgan
* 1822 Rev R O Wilson
* 1832 Rev J Harling
* 1835 Rev T F Layng
* 1837 Rev H Miniken
* 1840- Rev Barton
* 1855 Rev G B Dodwell
* 1862 Rev Dr S F Hiron
* 1871 Rev J Foster
* 1889 Mr F B Osborne
* 1913 Mr W M Cox MA
* 1927 Mr W J Bright MA
* 1951 Mr A L Jones MC MA

## Headteachers of Chipping Campden School

* 1965 Mr A L Jones
* 1976 Mr P T Sandry
* 1994 Mr J Price BA
* 2007 Ms A France

## Principals of Chipping Campden School

* 2011 Ms A France
* 2012 Mr J Sanderson
* 2023 Mr G M Burton
# 4th General Assembly of Newfoundland

The members of the 4th General Assembly of Newfoundland were elected in the Newfoundland general election held in 1848. The general assembly sat from December 14, 1848, to 1852.
With the passing of the Government of Newfoundland Act 1847 (10 & 11 Vict. c. 44) by the British Parliament, the members of the Legislative Council once again sat separately from the assembly, ending the experiment with unicameralism started in 1842. The first session of the assembly was held in a building owned by a member of the legislature. For the second session which started in 1850, the assembly met in the newly constructed Colonial Building.
John Kent was chosen as speaker.
Sir John Le Marchant served as civil governor of Newfoundland.

## Members of the Assembly

The following members were elected to the assembly in 1848:
| Member | Electoral district | Affiliation | First elected / previously elected |
| Robert Carter | Bonavista Bay | Conservative | 1842 |
| Joshua George Falle | Burin | Conservative | 1848 |
| James Luke Prendergast | Conception Bay | Liberal | 1848 |
| Edmund Hanrahan | Conception Bay | Liberal | 1848 |
| Nicholas Molloy | Conception Bay | Liberal | 1848 |
| Richard Rankin | Conception Bay | Conservative | 1848 |
| Peter Winser | Ferryland | Liberal | 1848 |
| George Henry Emerson | Fogo | Conservative | 1848 |
| Hugh William Hoyles | Fortune Bay | Conservative | 1848 |
| Ambrose Shea | Placentia and St. Mary's | Liberal | 1848 |
| John Delaney | Placentia and St. Mary's | Liberal | 1848 |
| John Kent | St. John's | Liberal | 1832, 1848 |
| Laurence O'Brien | St. John's | Liberal | 1840 |
| Robert John Parsons | St. John's | Liberal | 1843 |
| Philip Francis Little (1850) | St. John's | Liberal | 1850 |
| Thomas Bulley Job | Trinity Bay | Conservative | 1846 |

## By-elections

By-elections were held to replace members for various reasons:
| Electoral district | Member elected | Affiliation | Election date | Reason |
| St. John's | Philip Francis Little | Liberal | 1850 | L O'Brien named to Council 1850 |
# Johan van den Sande

Johan van den Sande (or Jan van Sande, in short) (June 28, 1568 in Arnhem – November 17, 1638 in Leeuwarden) was a prominent writer of the common law of Friesland, one of the Dutch provinces, as well as a historian. He was born in Arnhem in the province of Gelderland and studied at the Universities of Wittenberg and Leiden. At the age of thirty he became professor at the University of Franeker (Friesland). He later became a member of the Court of Friesland. His Decisiones Curiae Frisiccae is a treatise on the law in force in Friesland illustrated with decisions of the Frisian court. He quoted from a number of other sources and a wide variety of European writers.

## Works (selection)

* Joannis à Sande: Commentarii duo singulares, quorum primus est De actionvm cessione. Franecherae, 1633
* Joannes à Sande: Decisiones Frisicæ siue Rervm in svprema Frisiorum curia iudicatarum. Leovardiæ, 1639
* Johan van den Sande: Kort begryp der Nederlantsche historien. 3en druk. Leeuwarden, 1651
# W. Cabell Greet

William Cabell Greet (28 January 1901, in El Paso, Texas – 19 December 1972, in Santa Barbara, California) was an American philologist and a professor of English.
He graduated as valedictorian with a bachelor's degree in 1920 from Sewanee's University of the South. In the early 1920s he was an instructor at the University of Texas, the University of Colorado, and the University of California. At Columbia University he graduated with M.A. in 1924 and Ph.D. in 1926. He joined Barnard College's faculty in 1926, was appointed McIntosh Professor of English in 1953, and was department chair until he became professor emeritus in 1966.
From 1931 to about 1942, Greet and George W. Hibbitt created and disseminated an audio archive of poetry readings by a number of famous American poets.
   The poets recorded as part of the series include: Vachel Lindsay, Harriet Monroe, James Weldon Johnson, Gertrude Stein, Edgar Lee Masters, William Carlos Williams, Mark Van Doren, Edna St. Vincent Millay, T.S. Eliot, Robert Frost, W.H. Auden, Archibald MacLeish, Alfred Kreymborg, John Gould Fletcher, Robert Tristram Coffin, Conrad Aiken, "AE" (George Russell), Carl Sandburg, and John Hall Wheelock.
Greet was editor-in-chief of the journal American Speech from 1933 to 1952.
For 30 years, he served as a speech consultant to newscasters and correspondents of the Columbia Broadcasting System. And he was an educational adviser to the publishers of the Funk and Wagnalls College Dictionary, the American College Dictionary, the Century Encyclopedia of Names and the Thorndike‐Barnhardt Dictionary.
He was the author of War Words: Recommended Pronunciations (published in 1943 for Columbia Broadcasting System by Columbia University Press); the book gave the pronunciations of thousands of foreign words, names, and battlefields in WW II. The book was enlarged to World Words: Recommended Pronunciations (1944) and published in a 2nd edition in 1948.
Greet made recordings demonstrating American vowels and diphthongs for language-teaching company Linguaphone (company).
He donated to Columbia University a collection of letters he received from famous American authors, including John Mason Brown, John Cheever, John Dos Passos, Marianne Moore, and H. L. Mencken, as well many public officials, including Henry A. Wallace, George Marshall, Cordell Hull, and J. Edgar Hoover.
Greet married Katherine E. Hyde on 11 September 1926 in Manhattan. Upon his death in 1971 he was survived by his widow and a daughter, Anne Greet Cushing, of Santa Barbara. His widow Katherine was born on 20 June 1897 in Elmira, New York and died in February 1986 in Santa Barbara. In 1965 Anne H. Greet married John E. Cushing (1918–2001), a biology professor at the University of California, Santa Barbara. In 1970 Anne Greet Cushing was appointed an associate professor of French and Italian at U.C. Santa Barbara. She was a Guggenheim Fellow for the academic year 1972–1973.
# Alkire House

The Alkire House is a historic residence in the Columbus suburb of Westerville, Ohio, United States. Constructed during the middle of the nineteenth century and used both as a residence and as a slave-smuggling safehouse, it retains much of its original fabric, and it has been designated a historic site.

## History

Garrit Sharp was one of the earliest settlers in Westerville. A conspicuous local Methodist, Sharp was among the pillars of the Methodist Church in the city: he gave land for the construction of its first building, and he also contributed to the establishment of the Blendon Young Men's Seminary, a predecessor institution of Otterbein University. Like other prominent Methodists, Sharp was an active participant in the Underground Railroad, helping to ferry runaway slaves from modern-day metro Columbus to a Quaker community in Morrow County to the north.
Sharp constructed the Alkire House in 1849, following plans found in a builder's handbook. Here he lived for part of his life, surrounded by family members: some of his sons lived nearby along State Street or Africa Road. Like their father, the sons were active Underground Railroad participants, and slaves would often be conveyed to any of the houses in the complex.

## Architecture

The Alkire House is a brick building with an asphalt roof, decorated with elements of wood and stone. A chimney is constructed at each end of the main building, to which is attached a large one-story rear addition. Five bays wide, the facade features windows with shutters surrounding a central main entrance. This door is approached by a wooden porch with a distinctive balustrade under the eaves, and sidelights frame the doorway. Masonry is employed throughout the construction; the foundation mixes brick and stone, while the windows and doorways uniformly feature stone lintels.

## Preservation

In early 1978, the Alkire House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, qualifying because of its historically significant architecture. It is one of fourteen National Register-listed locations citywide; among the others are several buildings associated with the Otterbein University campus as well as the home of Garrit's son Stephen Sharp, one of the Africa Road houses that was used for slave-transporting purposes.
# Kupšinci

Kupšinci (pronounced; Hungarian: Murahalmos, Prekmurje Slovene: Küpšinci) is a village in the Municipality of Murska Sobota in the Prekmurje region of northeastern Slovenia.

## Chapel

There is a Lutheran chapel in the settlement. It was built in the early 20th century in a Neo-Romanesque style with a three-storey belfry.
# Johann Martin Bernatz

Johann Martin Bernatz (22 March 1802 – 19 December 1878), was a German landscape artist. Born in Speyer and trained in Vienna, Austria, he spent much of his life in Munich. He accompanied an expedition to Egypt and the Holy Land in 1836, and a British embassy to Ethiopia in 1842; drawings made during both journeys were published as sets of lithographs.

## Life

Bernatz was born at Speyer on 22 March 1802. He began his artistic education, comparatively late in life, at the Academy at Vienna.
In 1829, he went to Munich, where he was commissioned to make drawings of various ancient buildings for King Ludwig I. In 1836, he joined Gotthilf Heinrich von Schubert's expedition to Egypt, travelling from Istanbul through Asia Minor, Palestine, and the Sinai peninsula. Forty pictures he made on the journey were published as Bilder aus dem heiligen Lande, nach der Natur gezeichnet ("Pictures from the Holy Land, Drawn from Nature") in 1839. This led to an invitation to accompany Johannes Roth on an expedition to India. Bernatz made the voyage to Calcutta, but various obstacles prevented the expedition from taking place. In 1842 he visited Africa, the British authorities in India having decided to employ him as an official artist to an embassy, led by Captain William Cornwallis Harris to Sahela Selassie, the king of Shoa. A set of lithographs of his drawings from this journey were published in London in 1852 as Scenes of Ethiopia. German editions followed.
Bernatz settled as a landscape painter at Munich, where he died on 19 December 1878.
# Acacia barrettiorum

Acacia barrettiorum, commonly known as the Barrett's wattle, is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the Prince Regent Nature Reserve in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. It is a glabrous shrub with crowded triangular phyllodes, spherical heads of light golden-yellow flowers and linear, papery to thinly leathery pods up to 60 mm (2.4 in) long.

## Description

Acacia barrettiorum is a sprawling to ascending, glabrous shrub that typically grows to a height of 1–2.5 m (3 ft 3 in – 8 ft 2 in) and up to 3.5 m (11 ft) wide. It has elongated, yellow scars where phyllodes have fallen. Its phyllodes are crowded, triangular to oblong, sessile 1.5–3 mm (0.059–0.118 in) long and 1–3 mm (0.039–0.118 in) wide with a bristly point 0.5–2 mm (0.020–0.079 in) long on the end and three to seven three to seven indistinct longitudinal veins on each side. The flowers are borne on single spherical heads in axils on a peduncle 4–4 mm (0.16–0.16 in) long, each head with 30 to 40 light golden yellow flowers. The pods are narrowly linear, papery to thinly leathery, 30–60 mm (1.2–2.4 in) long and 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) wide. The seeds are oblong, black, 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) long with a white aril on the end.

## Taxonomy

Acacia barrettiorum was first formally described in 2009 by the botanists Margaret Lewington and Bruce Maslin in the journal Nuytsia from specimens collected by Matthew David Barrett and Russell Lindsay Barrett in 2003. The common name and the species epithet honour the collectors of the type specimens.

## Distribution and habitat

Barrett's wattle is endemic to Prince Regent Nature Reserve in the Northern Kimberley bioregion of Western Australia where two small disjunct populations are known. The shrub grows in shallow sandy soils over and around sandstone as a part of low shrubland with spinifex.

## Conservation status

Acacia barrettiorum is listed as "Priority Two" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, meaning that it is poorly known and from one or a few locations.
# Kerry Klostermann

Kerry Klostermann (born 19 August 1947) is a Canadian volleyball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# Markišavci

Markišavci (pronounced; Hungarian: Márkusháza) is a village immediately north of Murska Sobota in the Prekmurje region of Slovenia.
# 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol

2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol is the organic compound with the formula CF$_3$CH$_2$OH. Also known as TFE or trifluoroethyl alcohol, this colourless, water-miscible liquid has a smell reminiscent of ethanol. Due to the electronegativity of the trifluoromethyl group, this alcohol exhibits a stronger acidic character compared to ethanol.

## Synthesis

Trifluoroethanol is produced industrially by hydrogenation or the hydride reduction of derivatives of trifluoroacetic acid, such as the esters or acyl chloride.
TFE can also be prepared by hydrogenolysis of compounds of generic formula CF$_3$−CHOH−OR (where R is hydrogen or an alkyl group containing from one to eight carbon atoms), in the presence of a palladium containing catalyst deposited on activated charcoal. As a co-catalyst for this conversion tertiary aliphatic amines like triethylamine are commonly employed.

## Properties

Trifluoroethanol is used as a specialized solvent in organic chemistry. Oxidations of sulfur compounds using hydrogen peroxide are effectively conducted in TFE.
It competitively inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase for example.
TFE forms complexes with Lewis bases such as THF or pyridine through hydrogen bonding, yielding 1:1 adducts. It is classified as a hard Lewis acid and its acceptor properties are discussed in the ECW model yielding E$_A$ = 2.07 and C$_A$ = 1.06.
TFE can be used in biochemical experiments to stabilize alpha helix. There are also stable beta sheets in TFE, suggesting that TFE stabilizes the secondary structure the sequence has a preference for.

## Reactions

Oxidation of trifluoroethanol yields trifluoroacetic acid. It also serves as a source of the trifluoroethoxy group for various chemical reactions (Still-Gennari modification of HWE reaction).
2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl vinyl ether, an inhaled drug introduced clinically under the tradename Fluoromar, features a vinyl ether of trifluorethanol. This species was prepared by the reaction of trifluoroethanol with acetylene.

## Safety

Trifluoroethanol is classified as toxic to blood, the reproductive system, bladder, brain, upper respiratory tract and eyes. Research has shown it to be a testicular toxicant in rats and dogs.
# Soipan Tuya

Hon. Soipan Tuya is the Cabinet Secretary for Defence of the Republic of Kenya, having been sworn into office by H.E. President Dr. William Ruto on 8 August 2024. Prior to this role, Hon. Tuya served as the Cabinet Secretary for Environment, Climate Change, and Forestry, where she made significant contributions to Kenya’s environmental and climate action agenda.
In her current role at the Ministry of Defence, Hon. Tuya is responsible for the formulation and implementation of Defence policies. She provides strategic direction to ensure the Ministry effectively operationalizes its mandate. This includes formulating, presenting, and articulating Cabinet memoranda, sessional papers, and other policy issues emanating from the Ministry. As the principal advisor to the President on defence matters, she serves as the key link between the Ministry and both the National Assembly and the Senate, providing regular reports and responses on issues of national security and defence.

## Education

Education Background: :
| From | To | Education Institution | Qualification |
| 2009 | 2010 | University of Washington, Washington, USA | Masters of Laws (LL.M) |
| 1999 | 2002 | University of Nairobi | Bachelor of Laws (LL.B) |
| 1995 | 1998 | Kenya High School | Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education |

## Political career

Tuiya served as women's representative for Narok County from 2013 to 2022.

## Family

Tuya is the daughter of former Narok South MP Samson Ole Tuiya.
# Luc Soete

Luc Soete (born 15 September 1950, Molenbeek-Saint-Jean) is a Belgian economist. He is a Professor and the Dean of the Brussels School of Governance. He is also a member of the Advisory Board of the University of Sussex Business School and of the Advisory Board of the UNU Institute on Comparative Regional Integration Studies (UNU-CRIS) in Bruges, Belgium. He is a former Rector Magnificus and professor of International Economic Relations at the School of Business and Economics, Maastricht University, and former director of UNU-MERIT, a joint research institute of the United Nations University (UNU) and Maastricht University. Luc Soete is a member of the Dutch scientific advisory body (AWTI) and the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) since 2010. He serves on the Board of Supervisors of the Delft University of Technology.
Luc Soete studied general economic sciences and development economy at Ghent University and started his career as researcher at the Economy Department of the University of Antwerp. In 1978 he obtained his PhD in Economy at the University of Sussex. He has closely worked and co-authored several publications with his mentor Christopher Freeman.
He worked for the Institute of Development Studies and the Science Policy Research Unit (SPRU), both of the University of Sussex, and at the Economy Department of Stanford University. In 1986 he became professor at the Rijksuniversiteit Limburg (now Maastricht University), in Maastricht, the Netherlands, where in 1988 he founded the Maastricht Economic Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT). In 2006 MERIT merged with the UNU Institute for New Technologies (UNU-INTECH), which had been founded in 1990.
Luc Soete was a member of the Management Board of the Maastricht School of Management (MSM) from 2004 to 2015. In 2010 he was appointed dean of the Maastricht Graduate School of Governance (MGSoG). As of September 2012, Soete served as Rector Magnificus of Maastricht University from 2012 to 2016. Soete has also served as acting vice-director of the Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry (DSTI) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), member of various High Level Expert Groups of the European Commission as well as various expert advisory panels for the Dutch, Belgian and Flemish governments.
Luc Soete received the Belgian Commander of the Order of the Crown in 2006, and an honorary doctorate from Ghent University in 2010.
# Jorge Delano

Jorge Delano (born 18 March 1947) is a Brazilian volleyball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1972 Summer Olympics.