OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Makhan Shah Labana

Makhan Shah Lubana (Punjabi pronunciation:; also written as Lobana; 7 July 1619 – 1674) was a devout Sikh and a rich trader of the Lobana tribe, who discovered the ninth Guru of the Sikhs, Guru Tegh Bahadar in Bakala, Punjab on 16 April 1664 A.D. (8 Visakh 1721 Bikrami). He is also noted for his other contributions like preaching Sikhism in West Punjab and abroad, punishing Dhir Mal and his masand Shihan for the attack and initial settlement of Guru Tegh Bahadur at Anandpur Sahib.

## Birth and early life

In 1619, he was born to Bhai Dasa Labana, who was a devout Sikh of Guru Hargobind. There are different views of different scholars regarding his birthplace. Giani Gian Singh believes that he was born in Tanda, probably in Kashmir, but Col. Gurbachan Singh refutes this claim. Also, there many places with name Tanda in India like Mansura Tanda in Rajasthan, Khed Tanda; Basti Tanda; Sankpur Tanda; Chikvadi Tanda in Madhya Pradesh; Naka Tanda in Maharashtra; Anapur Tanda Andhara Yera; Goda Tanda in Karnataka, Tanda in Kashmir and in Punjab there are multiple villages. Scholars like Max Arthur Macauliffe, GS Chabra, Sukha Singh believe that he was a native of Kathiawar in Gujarat.
Following is commentary from Bhatt Vahis regarding the background of Makhan Shah:
* Makhan Shah, son of Bhai Dasa, grandson of Binai, maternal grandson of Beheru.
* The cavalcade of Bhai Makhan Shah who was the Sikh of Guru, was going to Kashmir. The Satguru joined him there. After the pilgrimage of Mutton Martand along with Bhai Dasa and Bhai Aru Ram, he reached the place of Bhai Makhan Shah at Mota Tanda. Bhai Dasa, father of Bhai Makhan Shah breathed his last there.
He learned Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic and other languages, but his mother tongue was Punjabi. Makhan Shah was married, according to Rajput customs, to Sital Devi (also known as Suljai). She was the daughter of Naik Puroshotam Das, belonging to the Sandlas clan of Naik Rajputs. They had a son who they named Bhai Lal Das. It is believed Lal Das took was baptized by Guru Gobind Singh and named Naik Jawahar Singh who was martyred in the Battle of Chamkaur. Bhai Lakhi Shah Banjara had family and business relationships with Bhai Makhan Shah Labana (1619-1674), who was an international trader, and used to trade in most of the world. He had a fleet of ships and was dealing through marines. Bhai Lakhi Shah Vanjara, who was based in Delhi, use to coordinate the business activities at Delhi, of Bhai Makhan Shah Labana. (reference found in book Mahal Sikh Bhai Makhan Shah Labana 1940, written by Baba Harnam Singh and Diwan Singh Mehram page 27).

## Profession

He continued his ancestral profession of merchant trading. Makhan was a merchant who used to bring valuable merchandise by land and sea and sell it wholesale in parts of Gujarat and Punjab in Mughal India, and abroad up to the Mediterranean. He traded spices, Bengali silk, and Kashmir shawls. In India he used camels, oxen, and horses, often pulling carts. He crossed beyond Egypt and sailed the Mediterranean with his goods, trading as far as Portugal.
# Douglas K. Detterman

Douglas K. Detterman (born 1942) is an American psychologist who researches intelligence and intellectual disability.

## Biography

He earned his B.A. from Boston University in 1967, his M.A. and Ph.D. from University of Alabama in 1972 and was a postdoctoral fellow at Northwestern University in 1972.
Detterman taught at University of Dayton from 1970 to 1972, then took a position at Case Western Reserve University, where he has remained since.
Among his achievements, Detterman founded the scientific journal Intelligence in 1977, and was editor in chief from 1977 to 2016, when it was taken over by Richard Haier. He also founded the International Society for Intelligence Research and was its president until 2011. He has also been a Fellow of the American Psychological Association from 1978 to 1998, a Fellow and charter member of the American Psychological Society from 1990 to 1998, and received a Mensa Research Award in 1991.
In 1995, he was a signatory of a collective statement in response to public discussion of the book The Bell Curve titled "Mainstream Science on Intelligence," written by Intelligence editor Linda Gottfredson and published in The Wall Street Journal and reprinted in Intelligence in 1997. He also collaborated on several books on intelligence with psychologist Robert J. Sternberg.
Detterman has argued that it is unfair to tell people they can accomplish anything if they just put enough practice into it, since they are limited by their abilities. Similarly, he has argued that cognitive training does not increase intelligence, but only one's ability to take tests, and notes the poor quality of studies done by commercial brain training companies (see also Lumosity#Effectiveness and legal history). Instead, he advises parents to save their money.

## Publications

* Sternberg R, Detterman DK. What is Intelligence? : Contemporary Viewpoints on its Nature and Definition. Ablex Publishing (1986). ISBN 0-89391-389-8
* Detterman DK, Sternberg R. How and How Much Can Intelligence Be Increased. Ablex Publishing (1982). ISBN 0-89391-117-8.
* Detterman DK (ed.). The Environment: (Current Topics in Human Intelligence). Ablex Publishing (1996). ISBN 1-56750-136-2.
* Detterman DK, Sternberg R. Transfer on Trial: Intelligence, Cognition and Instruction. Ablex Publishing (1993). ISBN 0-89391-826-1.
* Detterman DK. Research Methodology: (Current Topics in Human Intelligence). Ablex Publishing (1985). ISBN 0-89391-173-9.
* Detterman DK. Theories in Intelligence: (Current Topics in Human Intelligence). Ablex Publishing (1994). ISBN 1-56750-103-6.
* Detterman DK. Is Mind Modular or Unitary?: (Current Topics in Human Intelligence). Ablex Publishing (1992). ISBN 0-89391-703-6.
* Sternberg R, Detterman DK. Human Intelligence: Perspectives on Its Theory and Measurement (Hardcover). Ablex Publishing (1979). ISBN 0-89391-030-9.
* Detterman DK. Individual Differences and Cognition: (Current Topics in Human Intelligence). Ablex Publishing (1993). ISBN 0-89391-860-1.
# Radovan Malević

Radovan Malević (born 29 May 1957) is a Serbian volleyball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1980 Summer Olympics.
# Yutaka Ishinabe

Yutaka Ishinabe (石鍋 裕, Ishinabe Yutaka, born February 7, 1948 in Yokohama, Japan) was the first French chef in the Japanese cooking show Iron Chef. He appeared from the first episode in 1993, sporting a green outfit while holding a bell pepper. Over the years, he has earned the nickname of "The Artist" for being creative with all his approaches to food. He has the highest winning percentage of any of the Iron Chefs due mainly to the fact that he fought only 8 battles: he won 7 and lost 1. He is the only Iron Chef never to tie. Ishinabe's single loss was to Jacques Borie, a French chef who worked in L'osler in Tokyo. This was also the only of Ishinabe's battles that was shown in America when Food Network aired the original series.
Ishinabe ended his Iron Chef career at the end of 1993 due to the stressful nature of the show, the one-hour time limit, and the judgement of his last battle, which he lost to Jacques Borie. He remained involved with the series, competing in one battle as an Iron Chef during the convalescence of Iron Chef Japanese Rokusaburo Michiba and assisting Iron Chef French Hiroyuki Sakai as part of the French team in the "2000th Dish" Special. He also was a guest commentator and judge on several occasions, most notably when regular commentator Dr. Yukio Hattori competed in a battle.
After appearing on Iron Chef, Ishinabe opened a chain of restaurants called "Queen Alice". He lives in Paris, France.
# 1300s in art

* 1290s
* 1300s in art
* 1310s
The decade of the 1300s in art involved some significant events.

## Events

* 1300: Giotto completes the Badia Polyptych
* 1303: Scrovegni Chapel begun in 1300, is completed. Giotto begins painting a fresco cycle there with scenes from the Old and New Testaments
* 1305: Giotto completes the fresco cycle for the Scrovegni Chapel

## Works

* Duccio Madonna with Child 1300
* Giotto The Marriage at Cana 1303
* Duccio The Calling of the Apostles Peter and Andrew (from the Maestà) 1308
* c. 1300–05: Giovanni da Rimini paints his Diptych, Scenes from the Lives of the Virgin and other Saints and Scenes from the Life of Christ
* 1300: Duccio paints Stoclet Madonna on a wooden panel
* 1307: Gaddo Gaddi completes the Coronation of the Virgin mosaic over the inside door of Florence Cathedral

## Births

* 1308: Orcagna – Italian painter, sculptor, and architect active in Florence (died 1368)
* 1308: Wáng Méng – Chinese painter during the Yuan dynasty (died 1385)
* 1306: Giovanni da Santo Stefano da Ponte – Italian painter of portraits and devotional subjects (died 1365)
* 1302: Fang Congyi – Chinese painter in Yuan Dynasty (died 1393)
* 1301: Stefano Fiorentino – Italian fresco painter (died 1350)
* 1301: Ni Zan – Chinese artist considered to be one of the four "Late Yuan" masters (died 1374)
* 1300: Peter Parler – German architect, best known for building Saint Vitus Cathedral and Charles Bridge in Prague (died 1399)
* 1300: Jean Pucelle – Parisian Gothic-era manuscript illuminator (died 1355)
* 1300: Francesco Talenti – Italian sculptor and architect (died 1369)

## Deaths

* 1300/1310: Arnolfo di Cambio – Italian architect and sculptor (born 1240)
* 1302: Cimabue – Italian painter and creator of mosaics from Florence (born 1240)
* 1303: Deodato Cosmati – Roman architect and sculptor, and worker in decorative geometric mosaic (born 1225)
* 1305: Qián Xuǎn – Chinese Song loyalist painter from Zhejiang during the Southern Song (born 1235)
* 1306: Araniko – Nepalese painter and architect (born 1245)
* 1307: Gong Kai – Chinese government official and later scholar-amateur painter (born 1222)
# Charing Cross and Waterloo Electric Railway

The Charing Cross and Waterloo Electric Railway (CC&WER) was a railway company established in 1881 to construct an underground railway in London. The CC&WER proposed a line between a station under Trafalgar Square and the London and South Western Railway's terminus at Waterloo. The plan was similar in concept to that proposed by the Waterloo and Whitehall Railway in 1864 which could not raise funds due to a banking crisis. To form the tunnels under the River Thames, iron pipes would be sunk into a trench dredged in the river bed.
The CC&WER was the first to propose electric traction for its trains and was supported by Sir William Siemens. His brother, Werner von Siemens, had demonstrated the first electric railway in Berlin in 1879 and their electrical engineering company Siemens Brothers was to provide the electrical equipment and operate the line for the first five years.
Permission to construct the line was granted by Parliament on 18 August 1882 in the Charing Cross and Waterloo Electric Railway Act 1882 (45 & 46 Vict. c. cclv) and a proposal was submitted in December 1882 to continue the line from Waterloo to Blackfriars and the Royal Exchange in the City of London. The extension was opposed by the Metropolitan Board of Works, but difficulties in raising funds to construct the line due to the novelty of its method of traction, led to the extension bill being withdrawn in May 1883.
William Siemens died in November 1883, and the company was abandoned in July 1885.
# Malé Přítočno

Malé Přítočno is a municipality and village in Kladno District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.
# Maurice Peoples

Maurice Peoples (born December 17, 1950) is an American former sprinter.

## Biography

He was two-time American champion in the 400 metres.
He also had the dubious distinction of being selected to the 1972 United States Olympic Team as one of the six members of the 4x400 metres relay team, but never getting onto the track as three of his teammates were unable to compete: gold and silver medalists Vince Matthews and Wayne Collett were sent home by a sensitive International Olympic Committee after they appeared inattentive at the medal ceremony, while John Smith had pulled his hamstring while leading 80 meters into the 400 metres final and had been ruled unfit to run.
Peoples went to G. A. R. Memorial Junior Senior High School in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, where he was the 1968 and 1969 state champion in the Triple jump, coached by longtime coach Vince Wojnar. Peoples next went to Arizona State University where he is still ranked second in the 400m on their all-time list, behind 1968 Olympian Ron Freeman.
Peoples is an ordained minister and coached for 35 years. He is one of the authors of Sprint Secrets
# Elói de Oliveira

Elói de Oliveira (born 22 February 1957) is a Brazilian former volleyball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1976 Summer Olympics.
# 2020 Khelo India Youth Games

The third Khelo India Youth Games was held from 10 January 2020 and 22 January 2020 in Guwahati, Assam, India. The event witnessed 20 national level multidisciplinary grassroots games to get played among the age groups of under-17 and under-21 categories. Maharashtra defended its title as they topped the medal tally with 78 Gold medals, 77 Silver medals and 101 Bronze medals. The winning contingent of Maharashtra also broke their previous record of total medal haul of 228 medals created at Pune, by winning a total of 256 medals. The event is held in 20 disciplines with the participation of 37 states and Union Territories. Khelo India programme's inaugural edition was held in New Delhi in 2018, while Pune hosted 2nd edition in 2019.
Every year best performing 1000 participants are given an annual scholarship of Rs 500,000 for 8 years to prepare them for international sporting events.

## Sports events

There are 20 sports disciplines in Khelo India Youth Games 2020. Cycling and Lawn Bowls are the new additional games of this year's event.
Sports event :
| Archery | Cycling | Kabaddi | Table tennis |
| Athletics | Football | Kho-Kho | Tennis |
| Badminton | Field hockey | Lawn bowling | Volleyball |
| Basketball | Gymnastics | Shooting | Weightlifting |
| Boxing | Judo | Swimming | Wrestling |

## Medals tally

The final medal tally of the 3rd edition of Khelo India Youth Games is listed below. The host state, Assam, is highlighted.
* Host nation (Host(s))
| Rank | State | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Maharashtra | 78 | 77 | 101 | 256 |
| 2 | Haryana | 68 | 60 | 72 | 200 |
| 3 | Delhi | 39 | 36 | 47 | 122 |
| 4 | Karnataka | 32 | 26 | 22 | 80 |
| 5 | Uttar Pradesh | 29 | 28 | 30 | 87 |
| 6 | Tamil Nadu | 22 | 32 | 22 | 76 |
| 7 | Assam* | 20 | 22 | 34 | 76 |
| 8 | West Bengal | 19 | 14 | 20 | 53 |
| 9 | Gujarat | 16 | 16 | 20 | 52 |
| 10 | Punjab | 16 | 15 | 28 | 59 |
| 11 | Rajasthan | 15 | 24 | 12 | 51 |
| 12 | Madhya Pradesh | 15 | 11 | 20 | 46 |
| 13 | Kerala | 15 | 5 | 20 | 40 |
| 14 | Manipur | 14 | 20 | 20 | 54 |
| 15 | Telangana | 7 | 6 | 8 | 21 |
| 16 | Chandigarh | 6 | 2 | 9 | 17 |
| 17 | Odisha | 5 | 8 | 8 | 21 |
| 18 | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | 5 | 2 | 1 | 8 |
| 19 | Uttarakhand | 4 | 4 | 11 | 19 |
| 20 | Tripura | 4 | 1 | 0 | 5 |
| 21 | Jharkhand | 3 | 9 | 7 | 19 |
| 22 | Andhra Pradesh | 3 | 7 | 7 | 17 |
| 23 | Arunachal Pradesh | 3 | 5 | 4 | 12 |
| 24 | Mizoram | 3 | 2 | 5 | 10 |
| 25 | Himachal Pradesh | 2 | 3 | 2 | 7 |
| 26 | Jammu and Kashmir | 2 | 3 | 1 | 6 |
| 27 | Chhattisgarh | 1 | 2 | 4 | 7 |
| 28 | Bihar | 1 | 1 | 7 | 9 |
| 29 | Goa | 0 | 3 | 9 | 12 |
| 30 | Daman and Diu | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 31 | Ladakh | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 31 | Puducherry | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 31 | Sikkim | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (33 entries) | Totals (33 entries) | 447 | 445 | 554 | 1,446 |
# Steven Mead

Steven Mead (born 26 February 1962 in Bournemouth, England) is an English virtuoso euphonium soloist and teacher.

## Biography

Mead has played an important role in achieving worldwide recognition of the instrument. He has played solo concertos with many symphony orchestras, including: the Stuttgart Philharmonic Orchestra, the Trondheim Symphony Orchestra, Lahti Symphony Orchestra and Helsinki Philharmonic, Capella Cracoviensis, the Minneapolis Pops Orchestra and the Japan Chamber Orchestra. He has premiered works by Martin Ellerby, Torstein Aagaard-Nilsen, Vladimir Cosma, Goff Richards, John Reeman, Rolf Rudin and Philip Sparke, amongst others. Goff Richards' Pilatus, Aagaard-Nilsen's Concerto for Euphonium and Orchestra, Reeman's Sonata for Euphonium and Ellerby's Euphonium Concerto were all written expressly for Mead.
He is married to Misa Mead (née Akahoshi) who is also a renowned euphonium soloist, additionally active as a freelance composer and orchestrator.

## Selected recordings

* Joseph Horovitz: Four Concertos
    Ensemble: Royal Ballet Sinfonia; Soloists: Andrew Haveron (violin), Steven Mead (euphonium), David Owen Norris (piano); Conductor Joseph Horovitz; Label: Dutton Epoch.
* Concertino
    Ensemble: The Lillestrøm Musikkorps; Soloist: Steven Mead (euphonium); Conductor Gert Buitenhuis; Label: Polyphonic.
* Euphonium Virtuoso
    Ensemble: Brass Band Buizingen; Soloist: Steven Mead (euphonium); Conductor: Luc Vertommen; Label: Bocchino.
* Dreamscapes: Wind Music by Ellerby, Clarke & Josephs
    Ensemble: Royal Northern College of Music Wind Orchestra; Soloist: Steven Mead (euphonium); Conductor: James Gourlay; Label: Polyphonic.
* Audacious
    Soloist: Steven Mead; Accompanied by Tomoko Sawano, piano; Label: Bocchino.
* Fandango, released 1 June 2011; Accompanied by Tomoko Sawano, piano; Label: Bocchino.
# Sean McConnell

Sean McConnell is an American folk and country singer-songwriter.

## Biography

McConnell was born in Athol, Massachusetts to two folk singers who played in local venues in the Boston area. His family moved to Georgia when he was eleven years old, and while there he began playing guitar and writing his own songs. McConnell attended Middle Tennessee State University in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, where he performed regionally and continued songwriting.
McConnell released his debut album on his own label in 2000, when he was 15 years old, and went on to self-issue five more full-lengths and three EPs between 2003 and 2014. Concomitantly with this, McConnell entered into a publishing deal with Warner-Chappell, writing songs for artists such as Meat Loaf, Tim McGraw, Martina McBride, Buddy Miller, David Nail, Rascal Flatts, Jason Castro, Scotty McCreery, Jimmy Wayne, Phil Stacey, Brothers Osborne, Plain White T's, Eli Young Band, and Brad Paisley, as well as for the television show Nashville.
McConnell's releases under his own name, including the 2009 album Saints, Thieves, Liars, drew the attention of the Texas red dirt music scene while he was still living in Nashville. McConnell wrote songs for, and performed on the albums of, Texas musicians Wade Bowen and the Randy Rogers Band, and opened for Bowen on a nationwide tour.
McConnell signed with Rounder Records in 2016, and a self-titled album, the first not released on his own imprint, was released in July of that year. The album was produced by Ian Fitchuk and Jason Lehning.

## Discography
### Albums

* Here in the Lost and Found (2000)
* 200 Orange St (2003)
* Faces (2005)
* Cold Black Sky (2006)
* Saints, Thieves, Liars (2009)
* Midland (2012)
* Sean McConnell (2016)
* Undone (2017)
* Secondhand Smoke (2019)
* A Horrible Beautiful Dream (2021)
* Skin (2025)

### EPs

* Tell The Truth (2007)
* The Walk Around (2009)
* The B-Side Session (2014)
# Ministry of Justice (Sudan)

The Ministry of Justice of Sudan (Arabic: دستور السودان, romanized: Wizārat al-ʻAdl) was created in 1956 by Mohammed Ahmed Abu Ranat and Ahmed Metwally al-Atabani (who became a judiciary head and deputy general respectively after the country's independence from Anglo-Egyptian rule). In 1983, the ministry's responsibilities were clearly defined to include representing the state in legal affairs, reviewing and reforming laws that promote justice, and other functions.

## List of ministers

* 'Ali 'Abd al-Rahman (1954–1955)
* Ziada Osman Arbab (1956–1964)
* Rashid al-Tahir (1964–1965)
* Mamoun Sinada (1966–1968)
* Rashid al-Tahir (1968–1969)
* Amin al-Tahir al-Shibli (1969–1971)
* Ahmad Sulayman (1971–1973)
* Hasan al-Turabi (1988–1989)
* Hasan Ishma'il al-Bili (1989–1990)
* Ahmad Mahmud Hassan (1991–1992)
* Abdallah Idris (1992–1993)
* Abd El-Aziz Shiddo (1993–1996)
* Abdel Basit Sabdarat [ar] (1996–1997)
* 'Ali Muhammed 'Uthman Yasin (1998–2005)
* Mohamed Ali Al-Mardi (2006–2007)
* 'Abd Al-Basit Sabdarat (2007–2010)
* Mohammed Bushara Dousa (2010–2017)
* Idris Ibrahim Jameel (2017–2019)
* Nasredeen Abdulbari (also: Nasr-Eddin Abdul-Bari, Nasr al-Din Abdel Bari) (2019–2022)
* Mohamed Saeed Al-Hilu (2022-2023)
* Muawiya Osman Mohamed Khair (2023-present)
# COmpass REsonance

COmpass REsonance (previously known as the Boulder Bach Festival) is an annual music festival held in Boulder, Colorado, known for its diverse repertoire spanning across the Baroque, Classical, and Romantic eras in addition to new music including commissioning living composers. Founded in 1981, the festival has evolved significantly over time, expanding its musical offerings and community engagement beyond its initial focus solely on Johann Sebastian Bach's music.

## History and evolution

Founded in 1981, the organization, expanded its musical offerings and community engagement over time beyond its initial focus solely on Johann Sebastian Bach's music. COmpass REsonance became the ensemble-in-residence at Boulder Bach Festival in 2019, and in 2025 the nonprofit rebranded with a new mission statement.
Under the stewardship of Zachary Carrettin, who assumed the role of the festival's music director in 2013-14, and Mina Gajić, who assumed the role of the organization's Artistic Director in 2019-20, the event has significantly expanded its offerings and programming.
COmpass REsonance (abbreviated as CORE) has collaborated with soloists, contemporary dance, and multimedia, and has also commissioned new work, while presenting repertoire with roots in the Baroque Era.

## Artistic offerings and concerts

Since Carrettin assumed creative control of the organization in 2013, Boulder Bach Festival’s, concert lineup broadened to include a variety of musical genres and eras. While Bach's music remained a central focus, the repertoire expanded to incorporate works by composers such as Brahms, Haydn, Chopin, Mozart, Stravinsky, Part, Schnittke, and Bloch. Performances have showcased a mix of period instruments and modern adaptations.

## Outreach and educational initiatives

The COmpass REsonance actively engages in community-driven programs, presenting over 40 concerts annually in hospitals, schools, retirement homes, libraries, and museums, offering these events free of charge. The festival's commitment to education extends to its Fellowship Artist Initiative, a two-year program providing mentorship and period instruments to young musicians embarking on their professional careers.