OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Semyon Sholkovich

Semyon Vukolovich Sholkovich (Russian: Семён Вуколович Шолкович, 3 May 1840, Tonyezh, Mozyrsky Uyezd, Minsk Governorate, Russian Empire – 8 October 1886, Vilno, Lithuania, then part of Russian Empire) was a Russian historian, journalist, philologist and pedagogue.
Sholkovich started his career as a journalist as a member of the staff of the Vilensky Vestnik (The Vilno Herald) newspaper, while serving as a Moskovskiye Vedomosti correspondent, writing on a wide range of subjects concerning history, philology and current politics. Among his scientifically acclaimed works were "On the Secret Societies of the North-Western Region of Russia in the Times of Prince A. Czartoryski" (published in Zarya, No.5, 1871), "On the History of the Polish Crown and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania" (1885) and "The Polish Case Concerning the Russian West" (1885–1887). He was a member of the Vilno Archaeological Commission.
# Carmelo Sigona

Carmelo "Snow" Sigona (born January 29, 1968) is a graffiti artist who has made many contributions to the hip hop community. He has been featured in hundreds of magazines and several published books, such as The Exchange and The History of American Graffiti.

## Early life

Carmelo Sigona was born and raised in Paterson, New Jersey. He began his graffiti exploration at the age of ten, frequently tagging signs, abandoned factories, and delivery trucks. He was inspired by his classmates SCAT and AERO TGF, who were graffiti writers as well. Along the years, there have been many artists and illustrators who have had a big impact on him, such as Frank Frazetta, American artists Bernie Wrightson and Rick Griffin, Todd McFarlane, and Chuck Jones.
# Turan-Shah's Nubian campaign

Turan-Shah's Nubian campaign took place in 1173, between the Nubians of Upper Egypt and the Kurdish forces of the Ayyubid commander, Turan-Shah.

## Background

The Nubians and Egyptians had long been engaged in a series of skirmishes along the border region of their two countries in Upper Egypt. After the Fatimids were deposed, tensions rose as Nubian raids against Egyptian border towns grew bolder, culminating in the siege of Aswan by former Black Fatimid soldiers in late 1172 to early 1173. The governor of Aswan, Kanz al-Dawla, a former Fatimid official, requested military assistance from Saladin, which he agreed to send.

## Conquest of Nubia

The Ayyubid response began when Saladin dispatched Turanshah with a force of Kurdish troops to relieve Aswan, but the Nubian soldiers had already departed. Nonetheless, Turanshah conquered the Nubian town of Ibrim and gave the fiefdom (iqta') to his Kurdish commander, Ibrahim al-Kurdi. Turanshah followed up on this by conducting a series of raids against the Nubians. His attacks appear to have been highly successful, resulting in the Nubian king based in Dongola, to request an armistice. Apparently eager for conquest, Turanshah was unwilling to accept the offer until his own emissary had visited the King of Nubia and reported that the entire country was poor and not worth occupying. Although the Ayyubids would be forced to take future actions against the Nubians, Turanshah set his sights on more lucrative territories. He acquired considerable wealth in Egypt after his campaign against Nubia, bringing many Nubian and Christian slaves back with him.

## Aftermath

In 1174, Kanz al-Dawla, launched an insurrection against the Ayyubids to restore the Fatimids. He gained the support of other Arab tribes in the region and the African regiments and sought to join the revolt of Abbas ibn Shadi, the leader of the Arab tribes in Middle Egypt. Before the Banu Kanz could link with Abbas, Saladin's forces under Abu'l-Hayja's command defeated and killed Abbas. The Ayyubid army proceeded to confront the Banu Kanz, who were defeated after major clashes in Aswan. Ibn al-Mutawwaj was eventually captured and executed in the aftermath of his army's defeat.
# Si le grain ne meurt

Si le grain ne meurt is the autobiography of the French writer André Gide. Published in 1924, it recounts the life of Gide from his childhood in Paris until his engagement with his cousin Madeleine Rondeaux in 1895.
The book has two parts. In the first, the author recounts his childhood memories: his private tutors, his time at the Ecole Alsacienne, his family, his friendship with Pierre Louÿs, the start of his veneration of his cousin, and his first efforts at writing. The book's title, Si le grain ne meurt, is an allusion to the Gospel of John 12:24–25.
The much shorter second part recounts his discovery of his homosexuality during a trip to Algeria, part of which was with Irish writer Oscar Wilde. At the time of its publication, parts of the book shocked the public with their depictions of homosexuality and detailed descriptions of Gide's debauchery: pages 237 – 310; with a particular emphasis after page 256. Gide, Andre, and Dorothy Bussy. If It Die .. an Autobiography;. New York: Random House, 1935. Print.
Gide later recounted the total failure of his married life with Madeleine in another autobiography called Et nunc manet in te, written shortly after the death of his wife in 1938. It was published in 1951.
# 1260 (computer virus)

1260, or V2PX, was a polymorphic computer virus written in 1990 by Mark Washburn. Derived from Ralf Burger's publication of the disassembled Vienna Virus source code, the 1260 added a cipher and varied its signature by randomizing its decryption algorithm. Both the 1260 and Vienna infect .COM files in the current or PATH directories upon execution. Changing an authenticated executable file is detected by most modern computer operating systems.
# Adrian Fenlon

Adrian Fenlon (born 1973) is an Irish former hurler. At club level, he played with Rapparees Starlights and at inter-county level was a member of the Wexford senior hurling team.

## Career

Fenlon first played hurling to a high standard as a student at Enniscorty CBS. He lined out in all grades during his time there and won a Leinster Colleges JBHC title in 1987, following a defeat of Callan CBS in the final. Fenlon was also part of the team beaten by 3-06 to 3-02 by Presentation College, Athenry in the subsequent All-Ireland final.
At club level, Fenlon first played for the Rapparees Starlights club as a dual player in the juvenile and underage grades before progressing to adult level. He had his first senior success in 2022 when the club beat Duffry Rovers in a replay to take the Wexford SFC title. Fenlon added a second SFC medal to his collection in 2004 after a defeat of Sarsfields in the final.
Fenlon first appeared on the inter-county scene with Wexford as a member of the minor team in 1991. He later spent an unsuccessful tenure with the under-21 team. Fenlon was still eligible for the under-21 grade when he made his senior team debut in 1993 and quickly became a regular member of the starting fifteen. He won a Leinster SHC medal in 1996, before playing at midfield when Wexford beat Limerick in the 1996 All-Ireland final. Fenlon ended the season with an All-Star award.
A second Leinster SHC medal followed for Fenlon in 1997, when Wexford retained the title after a defeat of Kilkenny. He claimed a third Leinster winner's medal after a defeat of Offaly in 2004. Fenlon also earned selevtion for the Leinster team and won a Railway Cup medal in 1998. He confirmed his retirement from inter-county hurling in March 2006.

## Honours
### Enniscorthy CBS

* Leinster Colleges Junior B Hurling Championship: 1987

### Rapparees Starlights

* Wexford Senior Football Championship: 2002, 2004

### Wexford

* All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship: 1996
* Leinster Senior Hurling Championship: 1996, 1997, 2004

### Leinster

* Railway Cup: 1998
# Kalar Kahar Road

Chakwal—Khushab Road (Urdu: چکوال—خُوشاب سڑک) also known locally as Kalar Kahar Road is a provincially maintained road in Punjab that extends from Chakwal to Khushab.

## Features

* Length: 101 km
* Lanes: 4 lane
* Speed limit: Universal minimum speed limit of 80 km/h and a maximum speed limit of 100 km/h for heavy transport vehicles and 120 km/h for light transport vehicles.
# Árpád (given name)

Arpad or Árpád (Hungarian pronunciation:) is a Hungarian masculine given name. Notable people with the name include:
* Árpád Ambrusz (born 1980), Hungarian football player
* Árpád Balázs (born 1937), Hungarian classical music composer
* Árpád Bárány (born 1931), Hungarian Olympic fencer
* Árpád Basch (1873–1944), Hungarian painter and graphic artist
* Arpad Busson (born 1963), French financier and London-based socialite
* Árpád Bogsch (1919–2004), Hungarian turned American international civil servant
* Árpád Csonka (born 1991), Slovak football player
* Arpad Darazs (1922–1986), Hungarian-American music educator
* Árpád Doppler (1857–1927), Hungarian-German composer
* Árpád Duka-Zólyomi (born 1941), Slovak politician and Member of the European Parliament
* Arpad Elo (1903–1992), the creator of the Elo rating system for two-player games such as chess
* Árpád Feszty (1856–1914), Hungarian painter
* Árpád Göncz (born 1922), Hungarian liberal politician and former President of Hungary
* Arpád Györi (born 1970), Czech ice hockey player and coach
* Árpád Házi (1908–1970), Hungarian communist politician
* Árpád Henney (1895–1980), Hungarian politician and military officer who served as Minister without portfolio between 1944 and 1945 in the Nazi-dominated Ferenc Szálasi cabinet
* Arpad Joó (born 1948), Hungarian conductor and concert pianist
* Árpád Lehotay (1896–1953), Hungarian actor
* Árpád Lengyel (1915–1993), Hungarian swimmer
* Árpád Majoros (born 1983), Hungarian football player
* Árpád Milinte (born 1976), Hungarian football player
* Árpád von Nahodyl (born 1958), German writer, neopagan activist and politician
* Árpád Orbán (1938–2008), Hungarian football player
* Árpád Pál (born 1955), Hungarian former handball player
* Árpád Pédery (1891–1914), Hungarian gymnast
* Árpád Prandler (born 1930), Hungarian judge of the International Criminal Tribunal
* Árpád Pusztai (born 1930), Hungarian-born biochemist and nutritionist
* Arpád Račko (born 1930), Slovak sculptor
* Arpad Simonyik (born 1940), Canadian sprint canoer
* Árpád Soltész (born 1944), Hungarian sprint canoer
* Árpád Soós (zoologist) (1912–1991), Hungarian zoologist, entomologist and museologist
* Árpád Sopsits (1952–2025), Hungarian theatre and film director, and screenwriter
* Árpád Sterbik (born 1979), Serbian-born Spanish handball player
* Árpád Szabó (1878–1948), Hungarian politician
* Árpád Szakasits (1888–1965), Hungarian Social Democrat, then Communist political figure
* Árpád Székely (living), Hungarian ambassador to the Russian Federation
* Árpád Szenes (1897–1985), Hungarian-Jewish abstract painter who worked in France
* Árpád Tóth (1886–1928), Hungarian poet and translator
* Árpád Vajda (1896–1967), Hungarian chess master
* Arpad Vass (born 1959), research scientist and forensic anthropologist
* Arpad Vass (footballer) (born 1989), Slovenian football player
* Árpád von Degen (1866–1934), Hungarian biologist and botanist
* Árpád Weisz (1896–1944), Hungarian Olympic football player and manager
* Arpad Wigand (1906–1983), SS-Oberführer who served as the SS and Police Leader in Warsaw
# Cheikh Larbi Tébessa Airport

Cheikh Larbi Tébessa Airport (Arabic: مطار الشيخ العربي التبسي) (IATA: TEE, ICAO: DABS) is a public airport located 1.35 nautical miles (2.5 km; 1.6 mi) north of Tébessa, the capital of the Tébessa province (wilaya) in Algeria.

## History

During World War II, the facility was known as Tebessa Airfield. It was a Twelfth Air Force base of operations during the North African Campaign against the German Afrika Korps. It was operationally used by the 31st Fighter Group, which flew Supermarine Spitfires from the airfield between 17 and 21 February 1943. It was also the headquarters of the XII Fighter Command between December 1942 and 12 January 1943.

## Facilities

The airport resides at an elevation of 811 metres (2,661 ft) above mean sea level. It has two asphalt paved runways: 11/29 measuring 3,000 by 45 metres (9,843 ft × 148 ft) and 12/30 which measures 2,400 by 30 metres (7,874 ft × 98 ft).

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Air Algérie | Algiers |
# The Fair Maid of Perth (film)

The Fair Maid of Perth is a 1923 British silent adventure film directed by Edwin Greenwood and starring Russell Thorndike, Sylvia Caine and Lionel d'Aragon. It was made at Beaconsfield Studios, and based on the 1828 novel The Fair Maid of Perth by Sir Walter Scott.

## Cast

* Russell Thorndike as Dwining
* Sylvia Caine as Catherine
* Lionel d'Aragon as Black Douglas
* Tristan Rawson as Harry Gow
* Charles Barratt
* Lionelle Howard
* Donald Macardle
* Sidney Paxton
* Wallace Bosco
* Jack Denton
* Leal Douglas
* Kate Gurney
# Oron Catts

Oron Catts is an Australian artist and researcher currently residing in Perth, Western Australia where he has been employed at the University of Western Australia since 1996. He works as an artistic director of SymbioticA, which he also co-founded. Together with Ionat Zurr he founded the Tissue Culture & Art Project. From 2000–2001 he was a Research Fellow at the Tissue Engineering and Organ Fabrication Laboratory at Harvard Medical School. He has also worked with numerous other bio-medical laboratories in several different countries.

## Works

Victimless Leather – a prototype of a stitch-less jacket, grown from cell cultures into a layer of tissue supported by a coat shaped polymer layer. This is a sub-project of the Tissue Culture & Art Project where the artists are growing a leather jacket without killing any animals. Growing the victimless leather problematizes the concept of garment by making it semi-living. This artistic grown garment is intended to confront people with the moral implications of wearing parts of dead animals for protective and aesthetic reasons and confronts notions of relationships with manipulated living systems. Controversy arose around this project when the museum ended the exhibition, thereby killing the living cells in the piece.
Catts and Ionat Zurr were invited guest artist to the physics laboratory CERN in Geneva in 2019, where they presented their work at SymbioticA.
Pig Wings Project with Ionat Zurr and Guy Ben-Ary was developed in 2000-2001 during a residency in the Tissue Engineering and Organ Fabrication Laboratory in Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School. The work used tissue engineering and stem cell technologies in order to grow pig bone tissue in the shape of these three sets of wings. The Pig Wings Project presents the first ever wing-shaped objects grown using living pig tissue. This absurd work presents ethical questions regarding a near future where semi-living objects (objects which are partly alive and partly constructed) exist together with philosophical concepts around inter-species organ transplantation. Along with the Center for Genomic Gastronomy he has hosted a live cooking show called Art Meat Flesh from 2012-2019. Art Meat Flesh has featured research scientist Mark Post and other scientists and philosophers tasting and debating the future of protein in the kitchen.
# Thone

Thone may refer to one of the following.
* Thone River in New South Wales, Australia
* Mount Thone, today Tuna el-Gebel

## People with the surname

* Charles Thone (1924-2018), American politician
* Frank Thone (1891-1949), American science writer
* Wilhelm Thöne (1893–1974), German World War I flying ace
# József Örmény

József Örmény (born 1960) is a Ukrainian pianist of Hungarian origin. He is mostly known for performing 20th-century music including Olivier Messiaen, Karlheinz Stockhausen, Alfred Schnittke and Ukrainian composers Yevhen Stankovych, Valentin Silvestrov, and others. He was born in Uzhhorod, Ukraine, and he was also in close creative relationship with the Polish composer Andrzej Nikodemowicz [pl], who wrote five of his piano concerti for Örmény.

## Early life

József Örmény was educated at the Lviv Conservatory, where he studied with Maria Krushelnytska [uk] and afterwards at Moscow Conservatory, where he studied with Yevgeny Malinin.

## Career

Today, he is a professor in Lviv Conservatory and an active piano performer.
# Rashid Jaber

Rashid Jaber Al Yafi´i (Arabic: رشيد جابر اليافعي) is an Omani football manager who is currently the head coach of Oman national football team.

## Managerial career

Jaber started his managerial career with Omani side Dhofar, helping them win the league and 1999 Sultan Qaboos Cup. In 1999, he was appointed manager of Al Nasr (Salalah) in Oman, helping them win the 2000 Sultan Qaboos Cup.
In 2001, Jaber was appointed manager of Oman. In 2022, he was appointed manager of Omani club Seeb, helping them win the 2022 AFC Cup, the only AFC trophy an Omani club has ever won.
On 19 September 2024, Jaber was again appointed manager of Oman.

## Honours
### As manager

Al-Seeb
* AFC Cup: 2022
# Kavindu Ishan

Kavindu Ishan is a Sri Lankan professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Air Force in the Sri Lanka Football Premier League.

## International career
### International goals

    Scores and results list Sri Lanka's goal tally first.
| Goal | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 9 November 2016 | Sarawak State Stadium, Kuching, Malaysia | Macau | 1–0 | 1–1 | 2016 AFC Solidarity Cup |
# Julianne Pierce

Julianne Pierce is an Australian new media artist, curator, art critic, writer, and arts administrator. She was a member of the groundbreaking group VNS Matrix. She went on to become a founding member of the Old Boys Network, another important cyberfeminist organisation. She has served as executive director of the Australian Dance Theatre and is Chair of the Emerging and Experimental Arts Strategy Panel for the Australia Council. Pierce was executive director of the Australian Network for Art and Technology (ANAT) from 2000 to 2005, based in Adelaide, and was Executive Producer of Blast Theory from 2007 to 2012, based in Brighton in the UK.

## On cyberfeminism

As documented in Hawthorne and Klein's 1999 book Cyberfeminism, VNS Matrix is often credited with inventing the term cyberfeminism and Pierce argues that the term emerged spontaneously in a number of places at once.
Julianne Pierce is a regular commentator on the early work of VNS Matrix and cyberfeminism new media art. "Cyberfeminism was about ideas, irony, appropriation and hands-on skilling up in the data terrain. It combined a utopic vision of corrupting patriarchy with an unbounded enthusiasm for the new tools of technology. It embraced gender and identity politics, allowing fluid and non-gendered identities to flourish through the digital medium. The post-corporeal female would be an online frontier woman, creating our own virtual worlds and colonising the amorphous world of cyberspace."

## Curated works

* Future Languages (Adelaide Festival, 1994)
* Code Red (ANAT/Performance Space national tour, 1997)
* Biomachines (Adelaide Festival, 2000)
* Spectrascope (Biennale of Sydney, Performance Space, August 2000)
# Duke Crittenden

Earl M. "Duke" Crittenden (August 30, 1930 – August 31, 2009) was an American citrus magnate and politician. A member of the Republican Party, he served as chair of the Republican Party of Florida from 1969 to 1971 and as a member of the Florida Citrus Commission. He also served on the Florida Citrus Mutual board of directors.

## Early life and education

Crittenden was born on August 30, 1930, in Conway, Florida. Raised in Orange County, Florida, he graduated from Orlando Senior High in 1948 and went on to earn his bachelor's degree in agriculture from the University of Florida in 1953.

## Career

After World War II, with the wartime market gone, the citrus industry began to experience wild fluctuations in market prices. At times, the price of citrus fruit fell below the cost of production. In 1959, Crittenden founded the Crittenden Fruit Company. He purchased thousands of acres of orange groves across the state and his company eventually became one of the largest citrus companies in Florida. In 1983, Crittenden sold his company, but maintained ownership of his family's citrus groves.
In 1968, Crittenden served as campaign manager of Edward Gurney's successful U.S. Senate campaign. Gurney was the first Florida Republican elected to the United States Senate since Reconstruction.
In 1969, Crittenden was elected chair of the Republican Party of Florida, succeeding William F. Murfin. In 1971, he stepped down as chairman and was succeeded by L. E. Thomas.
In the mid-1970s, Crittenden was indicted, alongside Gurney, for illegal fundraising and influence peddling. Crittenden pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor count and was placed on 18 months' probation.
Crittenden served on the Florida Citrus Commission and the board of directors of Florida Citrus Mutual, the state's largest growers association.
He was inducted into the Florida Citrus Hall of Fame in 2010.

## Personal life and death

Crittenden was married to his wife, Helen; they had two sons, Earl Jr. and Brian.
Crittenden died on August 31, 2009, in Orlando, Florida. Upon the announcement of his death, former Congressman Louis Frey reacted by saying: "Duke was a major part of the political scene when the GOP was coming of age in Florida...He was there when we were building the party into a force in the state."
# Oued Irara–Krim Belkacem Airport

Oued Irara–Krim Belkacem Airport (French: Aéroport de Hassi Messaoud / Oued Irara–Krim Belkacem) (IATA: HME, ICAO: DAUH) is an airport serving Hassi Messaoud, a city in the Ouargla Province of eastern Algeria. It is located 5 nautical miles (9.3 km) southeast of the city. The airport is named for Krim Belkacem (1922–1970), an Algerian revolutionary fighter and politician.

## Airlines and destinations

| Airlines | Destinations |
| Air Algérie | Algiers, Constantine, In Amenas, Oran |
| Tassili Airlines | Algiers, Annaba, Bejaia, Constantine, Oran |

## Statistics

Traffic by calendar year. Official ACI Statistics :
| | Passengers | Change from previous year | Aircraft operations | Change from previous year | Cargo (metric tons) | Change from previous year |
| 2005 | 377,640 | 62.61% | 20,855 | 1.12% | 2,677 | 86.94% |
| 2006 | 410,773 | 8.77% | 22,856 | 9.59% | 3,663 | 36.83% |
| 2007 | 396,530 | 3.47% | 22,971 | 0.50% | 3,562 | 2.76% |
| 2008 | 450,451 | 13.60% | 23,860 | 3.87% | 3,470 | 2.58% |
| 2009 | 452,388 | 0.43% | 23,676 | 0.77% | 2,970 | 14.41% |
| 2010 | 450,929 | 0.32% | 24,174 | 2.10% | 2,874 | 3.23% |
| Source: Airports Council International. World Airport Traffic Reports (Years 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009 and 2010) |||||||
# Bob Schneider (bowls)

Bob Schneider is an international lawn bowler from the United States. He is a four times national champion of the United States.

## Bowls career

Schneider came to prominence after winning the United States national championship singles in 2004.
After three national pairs titles in 2006, 2009 and 2015 he was selected to represent the United States at the sport's blue riband event, the 2020 World Outdoor Bowls Championship in Australia. The Championships were cancelled following the COVID-19 pandemic.
In 2023, he represented the US team at the World Championships, after being selected for the 2023 World Bowls Championship. He participated in the men's pairs and the men's fours events.