OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2016 in Belgian television

This is a list of Belgian television related events from 2016.

## Events

* 8 January - 14-year-old Jens Dolleslagers wins the second season of The Voice Kids.
* 17 January - Laura Tesoro is selected to represent Belgium at the 2016 Eurovision Song Contest with her song "What's the Pressure". She is selected to be the fifty-eighth Belgian Eurovision entry during Eurosong held at the AED Studios in Lint.
* 2 June - Lola Obasuyi wins the fourth season of The Voice van Vlaanderen.

## Television shows
### 1990s

* Samson en Gert (1990–present)
* Familie (1991–present)
* Thuis (1995–present)

### 2000s

* Mega Mindy (2006–present)

### 2010s

* ROX (2011–present)
* The Voice van Vlaanderen (2011–present)
* Belgium's Got Talent (2012–present)

## Networks and services
### Launches

| Network | Type | Launch date | Notes | Source |

### Conversions and rebrandings

| Old network name | New network name | Type | Conversion Date | Notes | Source |
| 2BE | Q2 | Cable and satellite | Unknown | | |

### Closures

| Network | Type | End date | Notes | Sources |

## Deaths

| Date | Name | Age | Cinematic Credibility |
| 12 October | Georges Désir | 91 | Belgian TV producer & host |
# Silvestrol

Silvestrol is a natural product from the flavagline family, with a cyclopenta[b] benzofuran core structure and an unusual dioxane ether side chain, which is found in the bark of trees from the genus Aglaia, especially Aglaia silvestris and Aglaia foveolata.

## Bioactivity

It acts as a potent and selective inhibitor of the RNA helicase enzyme eIF4A, and has both broad-spectrum antiviral activity against diseases such as Ebola and coronaviruses, and anti-cancer properties, which makes it of considerable interest in medical research. However, as it cannot be extracted from tree bark in commercial amounts and is prohibitively complex to produce synthetically, practical applications have focused more on structurally simplified analogues such as CR-31-B.
# Yolande Geddes-Hall

Yolande Geddes-Hall (née Geddes) is a Jamaican sportswoman who represented her country at four different sports. In cricket, she played as a wicket-keeper and right-handed batter. She appeared in five One Day Internationals, as captain, for Jamaica at the 1973 Women's Cricket World Cup, and ten Test matches and two One Day Internationals for the West Indies between 1976 and 1979. She also played netball, table tennis and softball for Jamaica.
# Kawkawlin Township, Michigan

Kawkawlin Township is a civil township of Bay County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The township's population was 4,419 as of the 2020 census. It is included in the Bay City Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## Communities

The township has four unincorporated communities within its borders:
* Brissette Beach is located on Brissette Beach Road between the Saginaw Bay shoreline and Tobico Marshes. (Elevation: 587 ft./179 m.)
* Linwood on the border with Fraser Township.
* Linwood Beach is at Cottage Grove Road and Linwood Beach Road and the Saginaw Bay shoreline. (Elevation: 584 ft. /178 m.)
* Three Churches Corner is off Interstate 75 at Fraser and Beaver roads. (Elevation: 607 ft./185 m.)
The community of Kawkawlin is not in Kawkawlin Township, but just south of the Kawkawlin River and the southern border of the township in Monitor Township.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, Kawkawlin Township has a total area of 41.5 square miles (107.4 km$^2$), of which 32.4 square miles (83.9 km$^2$) is land and 9.0 square miles (23.4 km$^2$), or 21.81%, is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 5,104 people, 1,910 households, and 1,457 families residing in the township. The population density was 156.2 inhabitants per square mile (60.3/km$^2$). There were 2,021 housing units at an average density of 61.9 per square mile (23.9/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 96.47% White, 0.47% African American, 0.57% Native American, 0.25% Asian, 0.61% from other races, and 1.63% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.29% of the population.
There were 1,910 households, out of which 32.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.6% were married couples living together, 8.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.7% were non-families. 20.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.62 and the average family size was 3.01.
In the township the population was spread out, with 24.3% under the age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 27.0% from 45 to 64, and 13.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.9 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $43,951, and the median income for a family was $49,750. Males had a median income of $40,401 versus $22,941 for females. The per capita income for the township was $20,648. About 3.8% of families and 4.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.1% of those under age 18 and 5.8% of those age 65 or over.
# Phil Chen

Phillip David Chen OD (21 October 1946 – 14 December 2021) was a Jamaican bassist. He was one of Britain's most utilized session bassists during the 1970s and 1980s, including for Jeff Beck as well as for the Rod Stewart band from 1977 to 1980, but is probably best known for his later work with Ray Manzarek and Robby Krieger of the Doors.

## Life and career

Chen was born on 21 October 1946 and was of Chinese ancestry. He spent much of his early life in Kingston, Jamaica, and attended St. George's College. He played in the Vikings in the 1960s, and in bands on the club circuit in Kingston before relocating to England.
Chen worked with numerous nationally known musicians during his career. He first joined Jimmy James and the Vagabonds in 1965, before realizing that he could make much more money as a session musician. He went on to record with Donovan on his album Cosmic Wheels (1973), Jeff Beck on the platinum selling albums Blow by Blow (1974) and Wired (1976), and Joan Armatrading on Back to the Night (1975). Chen also joined the Butts Band, led by Doors guitarist Robby Krieger and drummer John Densmore, and recorded their 1974 self-titled debut with them.
Chen joined Rod Stewart's band performing on three of his albums, Foot Loose & Fancy Free (1977), Blondes Have More Fun (1978), and Foolish Behaviour (1980) and performed on some of his biggest hits: "Da Ya Think I'm Sexy?", "You're in My Heart" and "Hot Legs", as well as appearing in the video for the latter. He was also a member of Brian May's Star Fleet Project, along with Eddie Van Halen, in 1983.
Other musicians with whom Chen performed and recorded include Pete Townshend, Eric Clapton, Ray Charles, Desmond Dekker, Jerry Lee Lewis, Bob Marley, Jimmy Cliff, Jackson Browne, Dave Edmunds, and Linda Lewis, among others.
In 2004, he joined Krieger and Ray Manzarek in their Doors reformation, Manzarek–Krieger. He was also a member of their Doors tribute band Riders on the Storm.
Chen received the Jamaican Order of Distinction in 2014.

## Personal life

Chen died from cancer on 14 December 2021, at the age of 75.
# 1906 Cincinnati football team

The 1906 Cincinnati football team was an American football team that represented the University of Cincinnati as an independent during the 1906 college football season. Led by William Foley in his first and only season as head coach, Cincinnati compiled a record of 0–7–2. Edward Adams was the team captain. The team played home games at Burnet Woods and League Park in Cincinnati.

## Schedule

| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| October 6 | 3:00 p.m. | Marshall | Burnet WoodsCincinnati, OH | T 0–0 | |
| October 13 | 3:15 p.m. | Miami (OH) | Burnet WoodsCincinnati, OH (Victory Bell) | T 0–0 | |
| October 20 | | at Earlham | Reid FieldRichmond, IN | L 0–20 | 800 |
| October 27 | | Avondale Athletic Club | Burnet WoodsCincinnati, OH | L 0–4 | |
| November 3 | 3:00 p.m. | Ohio | League ParkCincinnati, OH | L 5–16 | |
| November 10 | | Wittenberg | League ParkCincinnati, OH | L 0–12 | 300 |
| November 17 | | at Marietta | Marietta, OH | L 0–51 | |
| November 24 | 3:00 p.m. | Carlisle | League ParkCincinnati, OH | L 0–18 | 5,000 |
| November 29 | 2:30 p.m. | at Nebraska | Antelope FieldLincoln, NE | L 0–41 | 2,500 |
# 1968 in Belgian television

This is a list of Belgian television related events from 1968.

## Events

* 13 February - Claude Lombard is selected to represent Belgium at the 1968 Eurovision Song Contest with his song "Quand tu reviendras". He is selected to be the thirteenth Belgian Eurovision entry during Eurosong.

## Television shows

* Either 1968 or 21 February 1969 - Musti premieres.

## Networks and services
### Launches

| Network | Type | Launch date | Notes | Source |
| [] | Cable and satellite | | | |

### Conversions and rebrandings

| Old network name | New network name | Type | Conversion Date | Notes | Source |
| | | Cable and satellite | | | |

### Closures

| Network | Type | End date | Notes | Sources |
| [] | Cable and satellite | | | |
# Tapas Kumar Maji

Tapas Kumar Maji is a professor in the Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bengaluru with research interests in topics related to porous materials, nanoscale metal-organic frameworks and composites and functional gel materials. Maji obtained his MSc degree in inorganic chemistry from Burdwan University in 1997 and PhD degree from Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science in 2002. He did a post-doctoral fellowship at Kyoto University, Japan (2003–05).[citation needed]

## Honours and awards

The honours and awards conferred on Maji include
* Asian Scientist 100, Asian Scientist, 2020
* Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for chemical sciences in 2019
* Fellow of Royal Society of Chemistry (2019)
* Fellow of Indian Academy of Sciences (2018)
* Alexander von Humboldt Fellow for senior researcher by AVH Foundation, Bonn, Germany (2015).
* Materials Research Society of India Medal for contributions in Materials Science (2014)
* National Academy of Sciences, India-Scopus young scientist award in Chemistry (2012)
* Young Associate of Third World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) (2012–2017)
* Young Investigators in Chemical Sciences by journal of Chemical Communications (2011)
# The purpose of a system is what it does

The purpose of a system is what it does (POSIWID) is a systems thinking heuristic coined by Stafford Beer, who observed that there is "no point in claiming that the purpose of a system is to do what it constantly fails to do". The term is widely used by systems theorists, and is generally invoked to counter the notion that the purpose of a system can be read from the intentions of those who design, operate, or promote it. When a system's side effects or unintended consequences reveal that its behavior is poorly understood, then the POSIWID perspective can balance political understandings of system behavior with a more straightforwardly descriptive view.

## Origins of the term

Stafford Beer coined the term POSIWID and used it many times in public addresses. In his address to the University of Valladolid, Spain, in October 2001, he said:
   According to the cybernetician, the purpose of a system is what it does. This is a basic dictum. It stands for bald fact, which makes a better starting point in seeking understanding than the familiar attributions of good intention, prejudices about expectations, moral judgment, or sheer ignorance of circumstances.

## Uses

From a cybernetic perspective, complex systems are not controllable by simple notions of management, and interventions in a system can best be understood by looking at how they affect observed system behavior. The term is used in many other fields as well, including biology and management. Whereas a cybernetician may apply the principle to the results inexorably produced by the mechanical dynamics of an activity system, a management scientist may apply it to the results produced by the self-interest of actors who play roles in a business or other institution.
# Yaroslava Yakushina

Yaroslava Ivanovna Yakushina (Russian: Ярослава Ивановна Якушина, born 24 June 1993) is a Russian boxer. She competed in the middleweight event at the 2016 Summer Olympics and was eliminated in her quarterfinals bout.

## Biography

Yaroslava was born in Kazakstan.

## Career

* 2015 - Winning the Russian Championship
* 2015 - Victory at the International Boxing tournament in Spain
* 2016 - Victory at the 1/8 finals of the boxing tournament held as part of the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro
* 2018 - Silver at the European Boxing Championships in Sofia (weight category up to 69 kilograms)
# Parti Paysan d'Union Sociale

The Farmers' Party for Social Union (Parti paysan d'union sociale, PPUS) was founded on 11 July 1945 by Paul Antier under the name Farmers' Party to represent agricultural interests and succeed the pre-war French Agrarian and Peasant Party. Camille Laurens, former deputy syndic of the Peasant Corporation, became one of its leaders. On 6 October 1945, the party launched its weekly publication, L'Unité paysanne.

## History
### Origins

The PPUS aimed to represent peasant corporatism and respond to the decline of the Radical Party, the discrediting of the Peasant Corporation, and the distrust of the General Confederation of Agriculture. The party promoted "social union" rather than opposition between urban and rural interests, advocating for the renovation of socio-economic structures based on agriculture.
During the 1945 elections, the party allied itself with the political right, opposing ongoing transformations but achieving limited national presence. Following the elections, eleven MPs, including five affiliates, formed the Peasant Group, aligned with the Democratic and Socialist Union of the Resistance. Some members later joined the Republican Party of Liberty.
The PPUS described the election results as a victory of workers and the bourgeoisie over peasants. By 1948–1949, the party began advocating for amnesty regarding actions during the Occupation and Liberation.

### Transformation

At its National Council in July 1946, the party rebranded itself as the Farmers' Party for Social Union (PPUS) to reflect its broader focus on artisans, workers, and the middle class. The party opposed the Tripartite coalition and called for the abolition of the Ministry of Supply.
After the November 1946 French legislative election, the PPUS won nine seats in the National Assembly and seven in the Council of the Republic. By March 1947, the group renamed itself the Republican Centre for Peasant and Social Union and strongly opposed the introduction of Social Security.
Amid the Cold War, the PPUS adopted a strong anti-communist stance. The party showed strength in rural areas like Haute-Loire and Cantal, securing 16 senators in the 1948 Senate elections. The party drew support from the FNSEA and rural Catholic regions.

### Merger with Independents

On 15 February 1951, the PPUS merged into the National Centre of Independents (CNIP), which subsequently became the National Centre of Independents and Peasants.
In 1957, party leader Paul Antier was expelled from the CNIP after forming an alliance with Pierre Poujade's Union et Fraternité Française. Antier retained control of the PPUS, while members loyal to the CNIP formed the Peasant and Social Union Movement (MUPS). The PPUS then joined the far-right Peasant Rally (RP) in September 1957.
The party officially adopted the name Democratic and Peasant Movement (MDP) on 16 September 1965, with Antier remaining as president. Initially a candidate for the 1965 French presidential election, Antier withdrew in favor of Jean Lecanuet on 17 November. By the 1967 legislative elections, the party dissolved as Antier joined the Democratic and Republican Centre.
# Butz v. Economou

Butz v. Economou, 438 U.S. 478 (1978), was a United States Supreme Court case decided in 1978 regarding the degree of legal immunity afforded to federal government officials when they are sued on constitutional grounds. The court held that such officials were entitled only to qualified immunity, except for those duties for which absolute immunity could be shown to be essential. The majority also acknowledged that "there are some officials whose special functions require a full exemption from liability", including administrative law judges and other agency officials.
# Colfax Township, Benzie County, Michigan

Colfax Township is a civil township of Benzie County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 504 at the 2020 census. Colfax Township contains half of the village of Thompsonville, and the entire community of Nessen City

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 35.9 square miles (93.0 km$^2$), of which 35.6 square miles (92.3 km$^2$) is land and 0.27 square miles (0.7 km$^2$), or 0.72%, is water. Colfax Township forms the southeastern corner of Benzie County, forming a quadripoint with neighboring Grand Traverse, Manistee, and Wexford counties.
The Betsie River flows through the township, east to west, toward Lake Michigan.
There are no state trunkline highways within Colfax Township.

### Communities

* Nessen City is a census-designated place in the south of the township.
* Thompsonville is a village located in the southwestern corner of the township, shared with Weldon Township to the east.
* Wallin is an unincorporated community in the north of the township, located at 44°34′15″N 85°53′20″W﻿ / ﻿44.57083°N 85.88889°W﻿ / 44.57083; -85.88889﻿ (Wallin, Michigan). The community was founded in 1893 as a station on the Chicago and West Michigan Railway, near where the railway crossed the Betsie River.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 585 people, 224 households, and 170 families residing in the township. The population density was 16.4 inhabitants per square mile (6.3/km$^2$). There were 297 housing units at an average density of 8.3 per square mile (3.2/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 95.73% White, 0.17% African American, 1.54% Native American, 0.17% Asian, 0.68% from other races, and 1.71% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.05% of the population.
There were 224 households, out of which 36.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.6% were married couples living together, 7.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.1% were non-families. 20.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.02.
In the township the population was spread out, with 28.2% under the age of 18, 5.1% from 18 to 24, 33.8% from 25 to 44, 22.7% from 45 to 64, and 10.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 112.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 114.3 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $37,250, and the median income for a family was $38,482. Males had a median income of $27,083 versus $21,477 for females. The per capita income for the township was $14,812. About 6.4% of families and 6.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.7% of those under age 18 and 4.9% of those age 65 or over.
# Dasineura communis

Dasineura communis, the gouty vein midge, is a species of gall midges in the family Cecidomyiidae.
# 1987 in Norwegian television

This is a list of Norwegian television related events from 1987.

## Deaths

| Date | Name | Age | Cinematic Credibility |
| 25 January | Øivind Bergh | 78 | Norwegian violinist & orchestra leader |
# Fuchshöhe

Fuchshöhe is a mountain in the Ore Mountains in Saxony, Germany. With a height of 728.1 metres (2,389 ft) above sea level, it is the highest mountain of the municipality of Mildenau in the Erzgebirgskreis. It is a popular destination for hikers and cyclists, especially since there is the possibility of signing a summit book.

## Geographical location

The Fuchshöhe is located southeast of Arnsfeld. It separates the valleys of the Rauschenbach in the east and the Arnsfelder Dorfbach in the west. Both run northwards, where they flow into the Preßnitz in Niederschmiedeberg. In terms of natural regional division, the Fuchshöhe belongs to the Saxon Ore Mountains. In the finer subdivision, it lies in the Central Ore Mountains on the ridge on the upper Preßnitz.
From the Fuchshöhe, the following surrounding mountains can be seen: Pöhlberg (831.1 m) near Annaberg-Buchholz in the west, the Bärenstein (897.8 m) near the municipality of the same name in the southwest and the Haßberg (994 m) in the Czech part of the Ore Mountains in the southeast.

## Fuchshöhenkönig

As part of the Grenzlandtour cycling event, sports enthusiasts can tackle the 2.2 km long mountain route from the sports center in Arnsfeld (part of Mildenau) to Fuchshöhe all year round in the disciplines of mountain biking, e-biking and running. The Fuchshöhen King award ceremony takes place annually on the day of the Grenzlandtour event. The distance to Fuchshöhe involves a difference in altitude of 126 meters.
# Jülich-Zülpich Börde

The Jülich-Zülpich Börde (German: Jülich-Zülpicher Börde, pronounced) is a landscape in the Rhineland in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia on the northern edge of the Eifel. It forms the western part of the Lower Rhine Bay, west of the Rhine, excluding the actual Cologne Lowland, from which it is separated by the ridge of the Ville. It is divided into the Jülich Börde (Jülicher Börde) around the town of Jülich in the north and the Zülpich Börde (Zülpicher Börde) around the town of Zülpich in the south, the two areas being separated from one another by the Bürge forest. Both parts are natural region major units of the Lower Rhine Bay.
The Jülich-Zülpich Börde covers areas in the counties of Euskirchen, Düren, Rhein-Erft-Kreis and parts of Rhein-Sieg-Kreis, the county of Heinsberg and the borough of Aachen. The two börde regions are also referred to as the Rhenish Börde Zone (Rheinische Bördenzone).
The north of the Jülich Börde around Erkelenz is locally called the Erkelenz Börde (Erkelenzer Börde).