# Vermont House of Representatives

The Vermont House of Representatives is the lower house of the Vermont General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Vermont. The House comprises 150 members, with each member representing around 4,100 citizens. Representatives are elected to a two-year term without term limits.
Vermont had a unicameral legislature until 1836. It added a senate by constitutional amendment. The House meets in Representatives Hall at the Vermont State House in Montpelier. It is the only U.S. state legislature whose debating chamber seating layout comes closer to that of the Westminster-style parliament found elsewhere, being similar to debating chambers in Australian state parliaments.

## One Town, One Vote

From 1777 to 1965, each city/town elected one representative to the Vermont House of Representatives, regardless of the population of the municipality. This changed with the U.S. Supreme Court's 1964 decree of "One Man, One Vote" in Reynolds v. Sims, which affected all state legislatures across the Union.

## Leadership

The Speaker of the House presides over the House of Representatives. The Speaker is elected by the full House by Australian Ballot. If there is only one candidate, the election is usually held by voice vote. In addition to presiding over the body, the Speaker controls committee assignments and the flow of legislation. Other House leaders, such as the majority and minority leaders and whips, are elected by their respective party caucuses relative to their party's strength in the chamber. There are three party caucuses in the Vermont House; the Democratic Caucus which is currently in the majority, and the Republican and Progressive Caucuses, each currently being in the minority. Independent members of the House may choose to caucus with a party or none at all.
Jill Krowinski (D-Burlington) is serving her second term as House Speaker.

### Current leadership

| Position | Name | Party | Residence | District |
| Speaker of the House | Jill Krowinski | Democratic | Burlington | Chittenden-16 |
| Majority Leader | Emily Long | Democratic | Newfane | Windham-5 |
| Minority Leader | Patricia McCoy | Republican | Poultney | Rutland-1 |

## Composition

| Affiliation | Party (shading indicates majority caucus) | Party (shading indicates majority caucus) | Party (shading indicates majority caucus) | Party (shading indicates majority caucus) | Party (shading indicates majority caucus) | Total | |
| Affiliation | Democratic | Progressive | Independent | Republican | Libertarian | Total | Vacant |
| End 2012 | 94 | 5 | 3 | 47 | 0 | 150 | 0 |
| Begin 2013 | 96 | 5 | 4 | 44 | 0 | 149 | 1 |
| End 2014 | 96 | 5 | 4 | 45 | 0 | 150 | 0 |
| 2015–2016 | 85 | 6 | 6 | 53 | 0 | 150 | 0 |
| 2017-2018 | 83 | 7 | 7 | 53 | 0 | 150 | 0 |
| 2019-2020 | 95 | 7 | 5 | 43 | 0 | 150 | 0 |
| Begin 2021 | 92 | 7 | 5 | 46 | 0 | 150 | 0 |
| Begin 2023 | 104 | 5 | 3 | 38 | 0 | 150 | 0 |
| May 3, 2023 | 104 | 5 | 3 | 37 | 1 | 150 | 0 |
| April 1, 2024 | 104 | 4 | 3 | 37 | 1 | 149 | 1 |
| May 6, 2024 | 105 | 4 | 3 | 37 | 1 | 150 | 0 |
| Latest voting share | 74.7% | 74.7% | 74.7% | 24.7% | 0.7% | | |

## Members

| District | Representative | Party | Residence | First elected |
| Addison-1 | Amy Sheldon | Dem | Middlebury | 2014 |
| Addison-1 | Robin Scheu | Dem | Middlebury | 2016 |
| Addison-2 | Peter Conlon | Dem | Cornwall | 2016 |
| Addison-3 | Matt Birong | Dem | Vergennes | 2018 |
| Addison-3 | Rob North | Rep | Vergennes | 2024 |
| Addison-4 | Mari Cordes | Dem | Lincoln | 2018 |
| Addison-4 | Herb Olson | Dem | Starksboro | 2024 |
| Addison-5 | Jubilee McGill | Dem | Bridport | 2022 |
| Addison-Rutland | James "Jim" Casey | Rep | Orwell | 2024 |
| Bennington-1 | Jonathan Cooper | Dem | Pownal | 2024 |
| Bennington-2 | Timothy Corcoran II | Dem | Bennington | 2002 |
| Bennington-2 | William "Will" Greer | Dem | North Bennington | 2024 |
| Bennington-3 | David Durfee | Dem | Shaftsbury | 2018 |
| Bennington-4 | Rob Hunter | Dem | Manchester | 2024 |
| Bennington-4 | Kathleen James | Dem | Manchester | 2018 |
| Bennington-5 | Mary A. Morrissey | Rep | Bennington | 1996 |
| Bennington-5 | Michael Nigro | Dem | Bennington | 2024 (2021–2023) |
| Bennington-Rutland | Sandra "Sandy" Pinsonault | Rep | Dorset | 2024 |
| Caledonia-1 | Debra Powers | Rep | McIndoe Falls | 2024 |
| Caledonia-2 | Michael "Mike" Southworth | Rep | East Hardwick | 2024 |
| Caledonia-3 | Martha Feltus | Rep | | 2024 |
| Caledonia-3 | Beth Quimby | Rep | Lyndon | 2024↑ |
| Caledonia-Essex | Deborah "Debbie" Dolgin | Rep | St. Johnsbury | 2014 |
| Caledonia-Essex | Scott Campbell | Dem | St. Johnsbury | 2018 |
| Caledonia-Washington | Gregory "Greg" Burtt | Rep | Danville | 2024 |
| Chittenden-1 | Jana Brown | Dem | Richmond | 2020 |
| Chittenden-2 | Angela Arsenault | Dem | Williston | 2022 |
| Chittenden-2 | Erin Brady | Dem | Williston | 2022 |
| Chittenden-3 | Trevor Squirrell | Dem | Underhill | 2016 |
| Chittenden-3 | Edye Graning | Dem | Jericho | 2022 |
| Chittenden-4 | Phil Pouech | Dem | Hinesburg | 2022 |
| Chittenden-5 | Chea Waters Evans | Dem | Charlotte | 2022 |
| Chittenden-6 | Kate Lalley | Dem | Shelburne | 2022 |
| Chittenden-7 | Jessica Brumsted | Dem | Shelburne | 2016 |
| Chittenden-8 | Noah Hyman | Dem | South Burlington | 2022 |
| Chittenden-9 | Emilie Krasnow | Dem | South Burlington | 2022 |
| Chittenden-10 | Kate Nugent | Dem | South Burlington | 2022 |
| Chittenden-11 | Brian Minier | Dem | South Burlington | 2022 |
| Chittenden-12 | Martin LaLonde | Dem | South Burlington | 2014 |
| Chittenden-13 | Tiff Bluemle | Dem | Burlington | 2020 |
| Chittenden-13 | Gabrielle Stebbins | Dem | Burlington | 2020 |
| Chittenden-14 | Barbara Rachelson | Dem | Burlington | 2012 |
| Chittenden-14 | Mary-Katherine Stone | Dem/Prog | Burlington | 2022 |
| Chittenden-15 | Brian Cina | Prog/Dem | Burlington | 2016 |
| Chittenden-15 | Troy Headrick | Prog/Dem | Burlington | 2022 |
| Chittenden-16 | Jill Krowinski | Dem | Burlington | 2012↑ |
| Chittenden-16 | Kate Logan | Prog/Dem | Burlington | 2012 |
| Chittenden-17 | Abbey Duke | Dem | Burlington | 2024↑ |
| Chittenden-18 | Carol Ode | Dem | Burlington | 2016 |
| Chittenden-18 | Robert Hooper | Dem | Burlington | 2018 |
| Chittenden-19 | Sarita Austin | Dem | Colchester | 2018 |
| Chittenden-19 | Patrick Brennan | Rep | Colchester | 2002 |
| Chittenden-20 | Seth Chase | Dem | Colchester | 2018 |
| Chittenden-20 | Curt Taylor | Dem | Colchester | 2016 |
| Chittenden-21 | Daisy Berbeco | Dem | Winooski | 2022 |
| Chittenden-21 | Taylor Small | Prog/Dem | Winooski | 2020 |
| Chittenden-22 | Karen Dolan | Dem | Essex Junction | 2020 |
| Chittenden-22 | Lori Houghton | Dem | Essex Junction | 2016 |
| Chittenden-23 | Leonora Dodge | Dem | Essex Town | 2022 |
| Chittenden-23 | Rey Garofano | Dem | Essex Town | 2021 |
| Chittenden-24 | Alyssa Black | Dem | Essex Town | 2020 |
| Chittenden-25 | Julia Andrews | Dem | Westford | 2022 |
| Chittenden-Franklin | Chris Taylor | Rep | Milton | 2022 |
| Chittenden-Franklin | Chris Mattos | Rep | Milton | 2017↑ |
| Essex-Caledonia | Terri Lynn Williams | Rep | Concord | 2020 |
| Essex-Orleans | Larry Labor | Rep | Morgan | 2022 |
| Franklin-1 | Ashley Bartley | Rep | Fairfax | 2022 |
| Franklin-1 | Carolyn Branagan | Rep | Georgia | 2022 (2003–2017) |
| Franklin-2 | Eileen Dickinson | Rep | St. Albans Town | 2008 |
| Franklin-3 | Mike McCarthy | Dem | St. Albans City | 2018 |
| Franklin-4 | Matt Walker | Rep | Swanton | 2022↑ |
| Franklin-4 | Thomas Oliver | Rep/Dem | Sheldon | 2022 |
| Franklin-5 | Wayne Laroche | Rep | Franklin | 2022↑ |
| Franklin-5 | Lisa Hango | Rep | Berkshire | 2019↑ |
| Franklin-6 | James Gregoire | Rep | Fairfield | 2018 |
| Franklin-7 | Penny Demar | Rep | Enosburg | 2022 |
| Franklin-8 | Casey Toof | Rep | St. Albans City | 2018 |
| Grand Isle-Chittenden | Josie Leavitt | Dem | Grand Isle | 2022 |
| Grand Isle-Chittenden | Michael Morgan | Rep | West Milton | 2020 |
| Lamoille-1 | Jed Lipsky | Ind | Stowe | 2022 |
| Lamoille-2 | Melanie Carpenter | Dem | Hyde Park | 2023↑ |
| Lamoille-2 | Daniel Noyes | Dem | Wolcott | 2016 |
| Lamoille-3 | Lucy Boyden | Dem | Cambridge | 2022 |
| Lamoille-Washington | Avram Patt | Dem | Worcester | 2018 |
| Lamoille-Washington | Saudia LaMont | Dem | Morrisville | 2022 |
| Orange-1 | Carl Demrow | Dem | Corinth | 2022 (2019–2021) |
| Orange-2 | Monique Priestley | Dem | Bradford | 2022 |
| Orange-3 | Rodney Graham | Rep | Williamstown | 2014 |
| Orange-Caledonia | Joseph Parsons | Rep | Newbury | 2020 |
| Orange-Washington-Addison | Jay Hooper | Dem | Randolph | 2016 |
| Orange-Washington-Addison | Larry Satcowitz | Dem | Brookfield | 2020 |
| Orleans-1 | Brian Smith | Rep | Derby | 2016 |
| Orleans-2 | Woodman Page | Rep | Newport City | 2018 |
| Orleans-3 | Dave Templeman | Dem | Brownington | 2018 |
| Orleans-4 | Katherine Sims | Dem | Craftsbury | 2020 |
| Orleans-Lamoille | Mark Higley | Rep | Lowell | 2008 |
| Orleans-Lamoille | Michael Marcotte | Rep | Newport Town | 2004 |
| Rutland-1 | Patricia McCoy | Rep | Poultney | 2014 |
| Rutland-2 | Tom Burditt | Rep | West Rutland | 2010 |
| Rutland-2 | Arthur Peterson | Rep | Clarendon | 2020 |
| Rutland-3 | Jarrod Sammis | Lib | Castleton | 2022 |
| Rutland-4 | Paul Clifford | Rep | Rutland City | 2022 |
| Rutland-5 | Eric Maguire | Rep | Rutland City | 2022 |
| Rutland-6 | Mary Howard | Dem | Rutland City | 2016 |
| Rutland-7 | William Notte | Dem | Rutland City | 2018 |
| Rutland-8 | Butch Shaw | Rep | Pittsford | 2010 |
| Rutland-9 | Stephanie Jerome | Dem | Brandon | 2018 |
| Rutland-10 | Bill Canfield | Rep | Fair Haven | 2004 |
| Rutland-11 | Jim Harrison | Rep | Chittenden | 2017↑ |
| Rutland-Bennington | Robin Chesnut-Tangerman | Dem | Middletown Springs | 2022 (2015–2021) |
| Rutland-Windsor | Logan Nicoll | Dem | Ludlow | 2006 |
| Washington-1 | Anne Donahue | Rep | Northfield | 2002 |
| Washington-1 | Kenneth Goslant | Rep | Berlin | 2020 |
| Washington-2 | Dara Torre | Dem | Moretown | 2022 |
| Washington-2 | Kari Dolan | Dem | Waitsfield | 2018 |
| Washington-3 | Peter Anthony | Dem | Barre City | 2018 |
| Washington-3 | Jonathan Williams | Dem | Barre City | 2022 |
| Washington-4 | Conor Casey | Dem | Montpelier | 2022 |
| Washington-4 | Kate McCann | Dem | Montpelier | 2022 |
| Washington-5 | Ela Chapin | Dem | East Montpelier | 2022 |
| Washington-6 | Marc Mihaly | Dem | East Calais | 2022 |
| Washington-Chittenden | Tom Stevens | Dem | Waterbury | 2008 |
| Washington-Chittenden | Theresa Wood | Dem | Waterbury | 2015↑ |
| Washington-Orange | Gina Galfetti | Rep | Barre Town | 2022 |
| Washington-Orange | Francis McFaun | Rep | Barre Town | 2004 |
| Windham-1 | Sara Coffey | Dem | Guilford | 2018 |
| Windham-2 | Laura Sibilia | Ind | Dover | 2014 |
| Windham-3 | Michelle Bos-Lun | Dem | Dummerston | 2020 |
| Windham-3 | Leslie Goldman | Dem | Bellows Falls | 2020 |
| Windham-4 | Mike Mrowicki | Dem | Putney | 2008 |
| Windham-5 | Emily Long | Dem | Newfane | 2014 |
| Windham-6 | Tristan Roberts | Dem | Halifax | 2022 |
| Windham-7 | Emilie Kornheiser | Dem | Brattleboro | 2018 |
| Windham-8 | Mollie Burke | Dem | Brattleboro | 2008 |
| Windham-9 | Tristan Toleno | Dem | Brattleboro | 2012 |
| Windham-Windsor-Bennington | Vacant | Ind | | |
| Windsor-1 | John Bartholomew | Dem | Hartland | 2010 |
| Windsor-1 | Elizabeth Burrows | Dem/Prog | West Windsor | 2020 |
| Windsor-2 | John Arrison | Dem | Perkinsville | 2020 |
| Windsor-3 | Alice Emmons | Dem | Springfield | 1982 |
| Windsor-3 | Kristi Morris | Dem | Springfield | 2019↑ |
| Windsor-4 | Heather Surprenant | Dem | Barnard | 2020 |
| Windsor-5 | Tesha Buss | Dem | Woodstock | 2022 |
| Windsor-6 | Kevin "Coach" Christie | Dem | Hartford | 2010 |
| Windsor-6 | Esme Cole | Dem | Hartford | 2022 |
| Windsor-Addison | Kirk White | Dem | Bethel | 2020 |
| Windsor-Orange-1 | John O'Brien | Dem | Tunbridge | 2018 |
| Windsor-Orange-2 | Rebecca Holcombe | Dem | Norwich | 2022 |
| Windsor-Orange-2 | Jim Masland | Dem | Thetford Center | 1998 |
| Windsor-Windham | Heather Chase | Dem | Chester | 2022 |
* ↑: Member was originally appointed
* 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 When two parties are listed, it means in the last election the representative received enough votes in two parties' primaries to be listed on the general election ballot as the nominee of both. The representative's primary party is listed first.

## Past notable members

Nearly all of the Governors of the state and most of its U.S. representatives and U.S. senators were first members of this house. Other prominent members include:
* Consuelo N. Bailey, first woman elected lieutenant governor in the United States
* Edna Beard (1877–1928), first woman to be elected to the Vermont House, and the first elected to the Vermont Senate
* Francis William Billado, adjutant general of the Vermont National Guard
* Ray W. Collins, pitcher, Boston Red Sox (1909–1915)
* John Calvin Coolidge Sr., father of President Calvin Coolidge
* Donald E. Edwards, adjutant general of the Vermont National Guard
* Roger Enos, commander of the Vermont Militia during the American Revolution
* William H. Gilmore, adjutant general of the Vermont National Guard
* Lyman Enos Knapp, Governor of the District of Alaska (1889–1893)
* Bruce M. Lawlor, major general in the Army National Guard and one of the creators of the Department of Homeland Security
* Trenor W. Park, businessman and philanthropist
* Alden Partridge, founder of Norwich University
* Lewis Samuel Partridge, adjutant general of the Vermont National Guard
* Edward H. Ripley, Union Army officer in the American Civil War, businessman and horse breeder
* James Watson Webb II, businessman, philanthropist, and champion polo player
* William Seward Webb, businessman and philanthropist

## Operations

The house typically meets Tuesday through Friday during the session.