OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Val Johnson incident

The Val Johnson Incident refers to an alleged UFO encounter by Marshall County, Minnesota Deputy Sheriff Val Johnson in 1979.

## Incident

Johnson reported that while he was on patrol near Stephen, Minnesota about 2 AM on August 27, 1979, he saw a beam of light just above the road. According to Johnson, the beam sped towards him, his squad car was engulfed in light, and he heard glass breaking. Johnson said he was unconscious for 39 minutes and when he awoke he realized his wristwatch and the vehicle's clock had stopped for 14 minutes. The windshield was shattered, a headlight and red emergency light was damaged and a thin radio aerial bent. Deputies responding to Johnson's call for help found the squad car sideways on the road. Johnson suffered bruises and eye irritation that a physician compared to "welder's burns". When the story received national publicity, Johnson told reporters the sudden attention had caused him and his family a great deal of emotional strain. On September 11, 1979, Johnson appeared as a guest on ABC's Good Morning America program.

## Responses

Ufologists, including Allan Hendry and Jerome Clark, consider the incident significant, with Clark claiming that Johnson refused to take a polygraph test because Johnson believed it "would only [serve to] satisfy people's morbid curiosity". UFO skeptic Philip Klass argued that the entire event was a hoax, and that Johnson had deliberately damaged his own patrol car.
# Surazhsky Uyezd

Surazhsky Uyezd (Суражский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Chernigov Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the northern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Surazh.

## Demographics

At the time of the Russian Empire Census of 1897, Surazhsky Uyezd had a population of 186,297. Of these, 69.4% spoke Belarusian, 24.9% Russian, 5.3% Yiddish, 0.1% Ukrainian, 0.1% Polish and 0.1% German as their native language.
# Wang Zhen (eunuch)

Wang Zhen (Chinese: 王振; pinyin: Wáng Zhèn) was the first Ming dynasty eunuch with power in the court. He served Zhu Qizhen who promoted him to become 'one of the most powerful eunuch "dictators" in Ming history'.

## Career

The Zhihua Temple in Beijing was built in 1443 at his order.
He was tutor to Zhu Qizhen.
He was killed in 1449 during the Tumu Crisis campaign against the Northern Yuan, during which the Ming emperor Zhu Qizhen was captured by Oirat Mongols.
# EP1 (electric locomotive)

Electric locomotive EP1 is a Russian electric locomotive which has been produced by Novocherkassk Electric Locomotive Plant since 1998. It is the first Russian passenger electric locomotive with the 2$_o$-2$_o$-2$_o$ or Bo-Bo-Bo axle arrangement. There are, as December 2016, 866 of these locomotives.

## History

In the 1990s there were few passenger electric locomotives in Russia. The existing Chesh electric locomotives CHS4 and CHS4t were rather old to head passenger trains. A decision was therefore taken to commission a new electric passenger locomotive.
The first example of this locomotive was made in 1998, based on the existing VL65 design and modified for passenger traffic. The locomotive proved successful and was ordered in large numbers.

## Modifications
### Electric locomotive EP1M

This locomotive is an EP1 with a new driver's cab, as featured in the 2ES4K locomotive. This cab features a new modern control console, and climate control. This variant first appeared in 2007.

### Electric locomotive EP1P

This locomotive is a further modification to the EP1M, featuring a more powerful motor, and also appeared in 2007.
# Yatir Forest

Yatir Forest (Hebrew: יער יתיר) is a forest in Israel on the edge of the Negev Desert. The forest covers an area of 30,000 dunams (30 km$^2$ (7,413 acres)), and is the largest planted forest in Israel.

## History

The first trees were planted in 1964 by the Jewish National Fund at the initiative of Yosef Weitz. It is named after the ancient Levite city of Yatir.
Over four million trees have been planted, mostly coniferous trees - Aleppo Pine and Cypress, but also many broad leafed trees such as Atlantic terebinth, tamarisk, jujube, carob, olive, fig, eucalyptus and acacia, as well as vineyards and various shrubs. Yatir Forest has changed the arid landscape of the northern Negev, despite the pessimism of many experts. It has proven to be a prime ecological instrument, halting the desertification on the heights northeast of Beersheba.
The forest is situated at a relatively high altitude (between 400 and 850 metres above sea level) in a semi-arid region with an average yearly rainfall of 300–350 mm (12–14 in) and low humidity. The ground is composed of hard lime rocks, and soft chalk rocks.
The Israel National Trail, marked in 1991 runs through the forest. Yatir forest is located on the trail south of Meitar and north of Arad.
Yatir forest is the largest forest ever planted by the JNF, covering 30,000 dunums with over 4 million trees.

## Ecology research

Studies conducted in Yatir forest under the direction of Prof. Dan Yakir of the Weizmann Institute of Science, in collaboration with the Desert Research Institute at Sde Boker, have shown that the trees function as a trap for carbon in the air. Shade provided by trees planted in the desert also reduces evaporation of the sparse rainfall.
Yatir forest is also a part of the NASA project FLUXNET, a global network of micrometeorological tower sites used to measure the exchanges of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere.
The Arava Institute for Environmental Studies conducts research at Yatir forest that focuses on crops such as dates and grapes grown in the vicinity of Yatir forest. The research is part of a project aimed at introducing new crops into arid and saline zones.

## Ecological herb and essential oil farm

The Yatir biological farm is located next to Yatir Forest near the village of Meitar, northeast of Beersheba and the Bedouin town of Hura. The farm is based on permaculture principles, and grows vegetables, fruits, olives and medical herbs. Medical tinctures and essential oils are produced from the herbs and wild plants harvested in the desert, in cooperation with Negev Bedouins.
# Torsten Bell

Torsten Bell (born September 1982) is a Labour politician, economist, author, and newspaper columnist, serving as Member of Parliament (MP) for Swansea West since 2024. He was appointed as Parliamentary Secretary for the Treasury and Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Pensions in January 2025.
Previously he was the chief executive of the Resolution Foundation, an economic thinktank, from 2015 to 2024.
He was appointed to the Resolution Foundation in 2015 after having served as Ed Miliband's Director of policy, and as a Treasury civil servant who became special adviser to Alistair Darling during the 2007–2008 financial crisis.

## Early life and education

Bell's Swedish mother, Clem Henricson, is a policy analyst and activist, and his English father, Bill Bell, is an academic and children's rights advocate. His twin brother, Olaf, is a Cambridge-educated civil servant.
Bell read philosophy, politics and economics at Mansfield College, Oxford. At Oxford, he was editor of the student newspaper Cherwell.

## Early career

Since 2017, he has written a column in The Observer named Hidden Gems from the World of Research.
Bell writes regularly about poverty and inequality in the United Kingdom, about the North–South divide in England and the levelling-up policy of the British government. He described the September 2022 United Kingdom mini-budget as "the biggest unforced economic policy error of my lifetime."
Bell has been associated with the coordination of policy developments for the Labour Party. He has received recognition across various factions within the party for his attention to detail.
In November 2022, Bell was appointed Honorary Professor at the UCL Policy Lab.
In September 2023, Bell was named as the tenth most powerful left-wing figure in the UK by the New Statesman.

## Parliamentary career

In May 2024, Bell was selected as the Labour Party candidate for the seat of Swansea West in the 2024 general election, which raised some criticism from local members for his having "no connection" to the area and "no Welsh connection". Despite this, in July 2024, Bell was elected as the Member of Parliament for the Swansea West constituency, with 41.4% share of the vote, and a majority of 8,515.
From July 2024 to January 2025, Bell was Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Cabinet Office. Thereafter he was appointed Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Pensions, replacing Emma Reynolds, who was promoted following the resignation of Tulip Siddiq.
In November 2024, he voted in favour of the Terminally Ill Adults (End of Life) Bill, which proposes to legalise assisted suicide.
# List of diplomatic missions in Paraguay

This is a list of diplomatic missions in Paraguay. Currently there are 31 embassies in the capital Asunción. Major cities, namely Ciudad del Este and Encarnación host consular missions. Other countries accredit their embassies in Brasília, Brazil, or Buenos Aires, Argentina, on a non-residential basis to Paraguay.
This listing excludes honorary consulates, trade missions, and cultural institutes.

## Diplomatic missions in Asunción
### Embassies

* Argentina
* Bolivia
* Brazil
* Chile
* Colombia
* Costa Rica
* Cuba
* Dominican Republic
* Ecuador
* France
* Germany
* Holy See
* India
* Israel
* Italy
* Japan
* Lebanon
* Mexico
* Morocco
* Panama
* Peru
* Qatar
* Republic of China (Taiwan)
* Russia
* South Korea
* Sovereign Military Order of Malta
* Spain
* Turkey
* United Kingdom
* United States
* Uruguay

### Other missions or delegations

* European Union (Delegation)
* Organization of American States (Representative office)
* Embassy of Spain

## Consular missions
### Ciudad del Este

* Argentina (Consulate-General)
* Brazil (Consulate-General)
* Republic of China (Taiwan) (Consulate-General)
* Consulate-General of China (ROC)

### Concepción

* Brazil (Vice-Consulate)

### Encarnación

* Argentina (Consulate-General)
* Brazil (Vice-Consulate)
* Japan (Consular office)

### Pedro Juan Caballero

* Brazil (Consulate)

### Salto del Guairá

* Brazil (Consulate)

## Non-resident embassies accredited to Paraguay
### Resident in Brasília, Brazil

* Albania
* Bangladesh
* Barbados
* Belarus
* Botswana
* Cameroon
* Congo-Brazzaville
* Denmark
* Equatorial Guinea
* Ghana
* Guinea
* Guyana
* Ivory Coast
* Jordan
* Mali
* Mauritania
* Mozambique
* Namibia
* Nepal
* Nigeria
* Oman
* Palestine
* Senegal
* Sri Lanka
* Sudan
* Suriname
* Trinidad and Tobago
* Zimbabwe

### Resident in Buenos Aires, Argentina

* Algeria
* Angola
* Armenia
* Australia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Belgium
* Bulgaria
* Canada
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czechia
* El Salvador
* Finland
* Georgia
* Honduras
* Hungary
* Indonesia
* Ireland
* Kuwait
* Malaysia
* Netherlands
* New Zealand
* Norway
* Pakistan
* Philippines
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* Saudi Arabia
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* South Africa
* Syria
* Sweden
* Thailand
* Tunisia
* Ukraine
* United Arab Emirates
* Vietnam

### Resident in Montevideo, Uruguay

* Egypt
* Greece
* Iran
* Switzerland

### Resident in Santiago de Chile, Chile

* Guatemala
* Nicaragua

### Resident in Washington, D.C., United States of America

* Iceland
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Uganda

## Closed missions

| Host city | Sending country | Mission | Year closed |
| Asunción | Guatemala | Embassy | 2020 |
| Asunción | Switzerland | Embassy | 2016 |
| Asunción | Venezuela | Embassy | 2025 |
# Excuse Me (Salvador Sobral song)

"Excuse Me" is a song performed by Portuguese singer Salvador Sobral. The song was released in Portugal as a digital download on 2 August 2016 as the lead single from his debut studio album Excuse Me (2016). The song peaked at number 22 on the Portuguese Singles Chart.

## Music video

A music video to accompany the release of "Excuse Me" was first released on YouTube on 10 March 2016 at a length of four minutes and twenty-one seconds.

## Charts

| Chart (2017) | Peak position |
| Portugal (AFP) | 22 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| Portugal | 2 August 2016 | Digital download | Salvador Sobral |
# Nathalie Q. Balaban

Nathalie Q. Balaban (Hebrew: נטלי בלבן) is an Israeli biophysicist and systems biologist. She is a full professor at the Racah Institute of Physics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. and a member of the European Academy of Microbiology (EAM), the American Academy of Microbiology (AAM) and the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO).

## Education and career

Balaban completed her PhD degree in Condensed Matter Physics at the Weizmann Institute. She first became interested in biophysics and studied mechanical forces in cells with Benny Geiger in 2000. She then joined Stanislas Leibler’s lab in Princeton University as a postdoctoral researcher, where she was a Robert H. Dicke Fellow. Since 2003, she has been a faculty member in the Physics Department of the Hebrew University. Her research today is considered groundbreaking in the biophysical description of the responses of bacteria under antibiotic treatments, and their implications for understanding treatment failure and evolution of resistance

## Recognition

* The Krill prize from the Wolf Foundation for Excellence in Scientific Research in 2009.
* The Klachky Prize for the Advancement of the Frontiers of Science in 2016.
* Elected member of the European Academy of Microbiology (EAM) in 2016.
* Elected Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology (AAM) in 2018.
* Elected Member of the European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) in 2021
* Excelling researcher in all research fields at the Hebrew University for the year of 2022

## Dissemination

Balaban initiated and established, together with Professor Eran Sharon the "Scholar-Teacher" which creates academic research positions at the Hebrew University that include also part-time science teaching in high schools for the advancement of science teaching.

## Selected publications

* Yoav Kaplan, Shaked Reich, Elyaqim Oster, Shani Maoz, Irit Levin-Reisman, Irine Ronin, Orit Gefen, Oded Agam, Nathalie Q Balaban (2021). "Observation of universal ageing dynamics in antibiotic persistence." Nature 600: pages 290-294.
* NQ Balaban, J Merrin, R Chait, L Kowalik, S Leibler (2004). "Bacterial persistence as a phenotypic switch." Science 305: 1622-1625.
* A Brauner, O Fridman, O Gefen, NQ Balaban (2016) "Distinguishing between resistance, tolerance and persistence to antibiotic treatment." Nature Reviews Microbiology 14: 320-330.
* NQ Balaban, S Helaine, K Lewis, M Ackermann, B Aldridge, DI Andersson, ... (2019). "Definitions and guidelines for research on antibiotic persistence." Nature Reviews Microbiology 17: 441-448.
* Oded Sandler, Sivan Pearl Mizrahi, Noga Weiss, Oded Agam, Itamar Simon, Nathalie Q Balaban (2015). "Lineage correlations of single cell division time as a probe of cell-cycle dynamics." Nature 519: 468–471.
* O Fridman, A Goldberg, I Ronin, N Shoresh, NQ Balaban (2014). "Optimization of lag time underlies antibiotic tolerance in evolved bacterial populations." Nature 513: pages 418–42.
* Irit Levin-Reisman, Irine Ronin, Orit Gefen, Ilan Braniss, Noam Shoresh, Nathalie Q Balaban (2017). "Antibiotic tolerance facilitates the evolution of resistance." Science 355: pages 826-830.
# Scot Project

Frank Zenker (born 29 May 1973, Frankfurt, Germany), better known by his stage name Scot Project, is a German hard trance DJ and record producer. He also produces musical pieces under aliases such as "Arome" and "TOCS."

## Biography

Scot Project learned to mix techno at the age of 13, and he got his first break in 1986, playing break beat in a youth club in Frankfurt. During the 1990s, he became resident DJ of several clubs in and around Frankfurt.
Scot Project's success began in 1994, when his first track "X" was released; this was followed closely by "U (I Got A Feeling)," in 1995. The latter track peaked at #45 in the Swedish charts and at #66 in the UK Singles Chart. It was followed by the 1998 UK hit, "Y (How Deep is Your Love)" which made #57, also in the UK.
In 2001 Scot Project charted at #44 in the German singles chart with "O - Overdrive". In 2002, Frank Zenker and Kai Winter (Derb) created the Druck Records label. In 2004, Scot's track "L (Want Your Love)" took over from Eric Prydz's "Call On Me" at #1 in the Discomania sales chart.
In 2010, Scot Project received a genre Beatport Artist Award, and has had the honour of being supported by many legends in the world such as Tiësto, Ferry Corsten, Paul van Dyk, Armin van Buuren, Paul Oakenfold, Judge Jules, Yoji Biomehanika and many more.

## Discography
### Studio albums

| Year | Title | Label | Peak UK Vinyl Album Chart | Refs |
| 2005 | A1 | Overdose | 29 | |
| 2007 | Techno Club, Vol. 22: Talla 2XLC vs. Scot Project | Technoclub | | |
# Jassim bin Muhammed bin Jassim Al Thani

Jassim bin Muhammed Al Thani (arabic جاسم بن محمد بن جاسم آل ثاني) was a member of the Qatari royal family who was the founder and minister of electricity and water from 1970 to 1989. He was born in 1914 in Umm Salal, and was the eldest son of Sheikh Mohammed bin Jassim Al Thani and Sheikha Aisha bint Ahmed Al Thani. He married six times as he was a royal. He died in 1989 in London, England at the age of 75.
# Leila Shenna

Leila Shenna (Arabic: ليلى شنّا; born Morocco) is a former Moroccan actress who featured on film mostly in the 1970s.
She is most commonly remembered in English speaking countries for her role as a Bond girl in the 1979 film Moonraker as an evil air hostess. However, she also starred in the 1968 film Remparts d'argile (initially released in Italy, later released in the United States in 1970 under the title Ramparts of Clay) directed by Jean-Louis Bertucelli, the 1975 Palme d'Or winner Chronique des années de braise directed by Mohammed Lakhdar-Hamina, as well as the 1982 Algerian film Vent de sable, also directed by Lakhdar-Hamina. The first two films were set in Algeria, the third simply in the desert. She also had a minor role in the 1977 film March or Die.
She is the cousin of Malika Oufkir, the writer of Stolen Lives: Twenty Years in a Desert Jail, an account of the failed 1972 assassination attempt on the King of Morocco by her father (and Leila's uncle), General Mohamed Oufkir.

## Filmography

* Win to Live (1968)
* Ramparts of Clay (1970) – Rima
* Sex-Power (1970) – La sirène
* Décembre (1973)
* Chronicle of the Years of Fire (1975) – La femme
* El Chergui (1975)
* Château Espérance (1976, TV Series) – Leila
* March or Die (1977) – Arab Street Girl
* Désiré Lafarge (1977, TV Series)
* Moonraker (1979) – Hostess Private Jet
* Sandstorm (1982) – (final film role)
# 1908 World Figure Skating Championships

The World Figure Skating Championships is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union in which figure skaters compete for the title of World Champion.
Men's and ladies' competitions were held on January 25–26 in Troppau, Austria-Hungary (modern-day Opava, Czech Republic). Pairs' competition took place on February 16 in Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire. It was the first World Championships in which pair skating was contested.

## Medal table

* Host nations (Austrian Empire, Russian Empire)
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Germany | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 2 | Hungary | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 2 | Sweden | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 4 | Great Britain | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 5 | Russia* | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (5 entries) | Totals (5 entries) | 3 | 3 | 2 | 8 |

## Results
### Men

| Rank | Name | Places |
| 1 | Ulrich Salchow | 9 |
| 2 | Gilbert Fuchs | 12 |
| 3 | Heinrich Burger | 21 |
Judges:
* Otto Bohatsch
* C. Dorasil
* P. Engelhardt
* H. D. Faith
* I. Forssling
* Gustav Hügel
* Otto Schöning

### Ladies

| Rank | Name | Points | Places |
| 1 | Lily Kronberger | 204.90 | 5 |
| 2 | Elsa Rendschmidt | | 10 |
Judges:
* P. Engelhardt
* H. D. Faith
* I. Forssling
* Gustav Hügel
* Otto Schöning

### Pairs

| Rank | Name | Places |
| 1 | Anna Hübler / Heinrich Burger | 5 |
| 2 | Phyllis Johnson / James Johnson | 11.5 |
| 3 | Lidia Popova / Alexander Fischer | 13.5 |
Judges:
* Aleksandr Ivashentsov [ru]
* J. Kettnitz
* V. Shnobel
* Vyacheslav Sreznevsky
* Rudolf Sundgren
# Reis (film)

Reis (Turkish: The Chief) is a 2017 Turkish biographical film about Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, the incumbent President of Turkey. It was released shortly before the constitutional referendum which aimed for a transition to an executive presidency.

## Synopsis

Reis describes Recep Tayyip Erdoğan's childhood and his 1994 to 1998 Istanbul mayoral tenure. The movie ends when he entered prison in 1998 as a consequence of reading a religiously intolerant poem in Siirt ("minarets are bayonets, domes are helmets, mosques are our barracks, believers are soldiers").

## Cast

* Reha Beyoğlu as President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
* Özlem Balcı as Emine Erdoğan
* Orhan Aydin as Komiser Serhat
* Ayhan Eroğlu as Hasan Yesildag
* Abidin Yerebakan as Mustafa
* İsmail Hakkı Ürün as Ismail
* Volkan Basaran as Sultan Baskan

## Controversy and reception

Hüdaverdi Yavuz, the director of the movie, refused to attend the movie's premiere, citing various troubles during the shooting, unpaid staff, and his forcefully reduced involvement in the post-production process as reasons. IMDb attributed the film a rating of 1.8 based on over 71,000 ratings. Reis attracted shy of 67,580 viewers in the first three days (March 3–5).
# Kathy Etchingham

Kathleen Mary Etchingham (born 18 June 1946) is an English writer known from the Swinging London music scene of the 1960s and for her relationship with Jimi Hendrix.

## Early life

Etchingham was born in Derby, the daughter of Charles Etchingham, an Irishman from Dublin. Her mother deserted the family when Kathy was 10 years old, and Kathy was sent to the Holy Faith convent boarding school in Skerries, Dublin. Returning to England, having been snatched from the convent by her mother, she eventually made her way to London.

## 1960s London

In London, Etchingham became a DJ at The Cromwellian in Kensington and later at the Scotch of St James in Mason's Yard, in addition to working as a hairdresser. She knew the up-and-coming musicians of the period including The Animals, The Who, The Kinks, The Moody Blues, The Move, and many others. These bands became known in the US in the mid-1960s as the British Invasion.
Etchingham, at age 20, met Jimi Hendrix in The Scotch of St. James nightclub, on the night of his arrival in London on 24 September 1966. They became a couple during the time of his rise to stardom. According to her personal web page, Etchingham was the inspiration for many of Hendrix's compositions including "The Wind Cries Mary" (penned after an argument between Hendrix and Etchingham), "Foxy Lady" (during one of the first performances of this number Hendrix pointed her out from the stage), as the Katherina in "1983... (A Merman I Should Turn to Be)" and in "Send My Love to Linda" (the original lyrics of which were "Send My Love to Kathy", until Etchingham objected to being named). In 1969, she and Hendrix drifted apart.

## Later life

Etchingham's first marriage broke up, and she later remarried and had a family. In 1997, she was instrumental in the placement of an English Heritage blue plaque on the wall of Jimi Hendrix’s home at 23 Brook Street, Mayfair. In 1998, she published a book, Through Gypsy Eyes, which Etchingham wrote with Andrew Crofts, about her life, the 1960s, and Jimi Hendrix.
   I want him to be remembered for what he was – not this tragic figure he has been turned into by nit-pickers and people who used to stalk us and collect photographs and "evidence" of what we were doing on a certain day. He could be grumpy, and he could be terrible in the studio, getting exactly what he wanted – but he was fun, he was charming. I want people to remember the man I knew.
In 2014, Etchingham criticised the biographical film which covered her relationship with Hendrix in the 1960s, Jimi: All Is by My Side, written and directed by John Ridley. Etchingham described the film depiction of her life with Hendrix as "absolute nonsense".