# Bình Dương province

Bình Dương is a province of Vietnam. It is located in the Southeast region of the country and the Southern Key Economic Zone, bordering Bình Phước province to the north, Ho Chi Minh City (Sài Gòn) to the south and southwest, Tây Ninh province to the west, and Đồng Nai province to the east. The province was created from Sông Bé province on 1 January 1997.
Bình Dương is considered to be the gateway to Ho Chi Minh City, the economic cultural centre and most populous city of the country. Endowed with convenient geography conditions, Bình Dương has an extremely important road network. Major highways of the country cross Bình Dương such as Ho Chi Minh Highway, National Route 13 and 14, Ho Chi Minh City Ring Road 3 and 4, Ho Chi Minh City–Chơn Thành–Hoa Lư Expressway and the Trans-Asian Highway (AH1, AH17) with other major provincial roads. Bình Dương is only 10–25 kilometres (6.2–15.5 mi) from Tân Sơn Nhất International Airport and important ports in the southern part of the province and in the northern part is under 70 kilometres (43 mi). All of the advantages create favourable conditions to achieve social and economic development.

## Geography

Bình Dương province is situated on relatively level terrain, and is crossed by the Saigon, Đồng Nai, and Bé rivers. It also has some hills. Bình Dương can be seen from the Lái Thiêu central church. Although Bình Dương is flat, it is higher than Ho Chi Minh City. Across Bình Dương there are many different topographic regions, including low mountainous terrain with slight undulation, flat plains and alluvial valleys. There are some low mountains, including Châu Thới in Dĩ An and Cậu mountain (also called Lấp Vò) in Dầu Tiếng district and some low hills. Natural effects have created many different types of landform including worn areas, accumulative areas (due to the deposition of corrosive materials in the flow) and some areas that are worn, accumulative and depositional at the same time. This is due to rainfall and the flow affecting the ground, with the effects of wind, temperature, climate, the erosion and collapse due to gravity of the geology. The impact took place over millions of years.

### Climate

Bình Dương's climate, like the climate of the rest of the Southeast region, is hot and rainy, with high humidity. It has a tropical monsoon climate, divided into two distinct dry and wet seasons. The rainy season usually starts in May and lasts until late October. In the early months of the rainy season, there are regular short but heavy showers, while July, August, and September usually have continuous rain, sometimes lasting for 1–2 days. Bình Dương seldom experiences typhoons and is only otherwise affected by local storms. The average annual temperature in Bình Dương is 26–27 °C (79–81 °F), with the highest temperature recorded reaching 39.3 °C (102.7 °F), but the overnight low can fall to 16–17 °C (61–63 °F). In the dry season, the average annual humidity is between 76–80%, with the highest at 86% in September and the lowest at 66% in February. The average rainfall each year is 1,800–2,000 mm, but rainfall at Sở Sao crossroads in Bình Dương regularly measures up to 2,113.3 mm.

## Demographics

Originally, the area now known as Bình Dương was heavily forested, and was dominated by peoples of the Xtiêng, Chơ Ro, Mnong, and Khmer Krom ethnic groups. In the 17th century, however, ethnic Vietnamese settlers arrived in the region from the east. Most were peasants, seeking to escape poverty by gaining land of their own. There were also a number of refugees from a war between two feudal houses. In 1698, there were enough people in the area that a prominent Vietnamese general was sent to establish official institutions and enforce law. From that point, Bình Dương developed rapidly, with extensive clearance of forests to make room for crops. The province is now dominated by ethnic Vietnamese.

## Administrative divisions

Bình Dương is subdivided into nine district-level sub-divisions:
* Four districts:
** Bàu Bàng
** Bắc Tân Uyên
** Dầu Tiếng
** Phú Giáo
* Five provincial cities:
** Thủ Dầu Một (capital)
** Dĩ An
** Thuận An
** Tân Uyên
** Bến Cát
They are further subdivided into four commune-level towns (or townlets), 42 communes, and 45 wards.
List of administrative divisions of Bình Dương province :
| Name | Area (km$^2$) | Population (people)$^{2021}$ | Density (people/km$^2$) | Administrative divisions |
| Cities (5) |||||
| Thủ Dầu Một | 118.67 | 336,705 | 2,832 | 14 wards |
| Dĩ An | 60.1 | 493,291 | 8,215 | 7 wards |
| Thuận An | 83.69 | 618,984 | 7,394 | 9 wards, 1 commune |
| Tân Uyên | 192.5 | 421,694 | 2,199 | 6 wards, 6 communes |
| Bến Cát | 234.422 | 355,663 | 1,520 | 5 wards, 3 communes |
| Name | Area (km<sup) | Population (people)$^{2021}$ | Density (people/km<sup) | Administrative divisions |
| Districts (4) |||||
| Bắc Tân Uyên | 400.08 | 74,867 | 187 | 1 townlet, 9 communes |
| Bàu Bàng | 339.15 | 105,371 | 310 | 1 townlet, 6 communes |
| Dầu Tiếng | 719.84 | 118,057 | 164 | 1 townlet, 11 communes |
| Phú Giáo | 543 | 101,507 | 186 | 1 townlet, 10 communes |

## Economy

The area is considered to be good cropland, and agriculture is an important industry in the province. Bình Dương is also home to a significant manufacturing industry, and in the first half of 2004, the province had the second highest levels of foreign investment in Vietnam. Nike, Adidas, H&M, Lego, McDonald's, etc. have set up factories to manufacture goods they sell locally and abroad in the province. The southern cities Dĩ An and Thuận An of the province are highly urbanised and are now encompassed within the Ho Chi Minh City metropolitan area.
In the first half of 2018, foreign investment in Bình Dương totaled US$850 million, more than 60% of the target. Since 2016, the province has attracted US$5.7 billion worth of FDI. At its current growth rate, Bình Dương will exceed the target of US$7 billion set for its 5-year plan until 2020. In 2019, Bình Dương has targeted a GRDP of 8.4–8.6% and a per capita income of VND140 million (more than US$6,030).
Thủ Dầu Một is the economic and administrative center of Bình Dương province. Located in the southern key economic region and the Ho Chi Minh City region, Thủ Dầu Một lies on HCM City's radial arterial road and the HCM City-Thủ Dầu Một-Chơn Thành Expressway. The administration of Thủ Dầu Một has exerted efforts to increase the proportion of services and industry in the city.
Japan is currently the largest foreign investor among 64 countries and territories investing in the southern province of Bình Dương with 304 valid projects worth nearly US$5.7 billion.
List of Bình Dương's industrial cluster and industrial parks:
* Vietnam – Singapore Industrial Park (VSIP)
* Việt Hương 1, 2 Industrial Park
* Thới Hoà Industrial Park
* Tân Đông Hiệp A and B Industrial Parks
* Sóng Thần 1, 2 and 3 Industrial Parks
* Rạch Bắp Industrial Park
* Nam Tân Uyên Industrial Park
* Mỹ Phước 1, 2 and 3 Industrial Parks
* Mai Trung Industrial Park
* Ascendas – Protrade Industrial Park
* Kim Huy Industrial Park
* Tân Bình industrial Park
* Đông An 1 and 2 Industrial Parks
* Phú Gia Industrial Park
* Bầu Bàng Industrial Park
* Bình An Industrial Park
* Bình Dương Industrial Park
* Đại Đăng Industrial Park
* Đất Cuốc Industrial Park
* Thanh An Industrial Cluster
* Uyên Hưng Industrial Cluster
* Tân Mỹ Industrial Cluster
* Beautiful City Industrial Cluster
* Phú Chánh Industrial Cluster
* Tân Đông Hiệp Industrial Cluster
* Bình Chuẩn Industrial Cluster
* An Thạnh Industrial Cluster

## Business environment

On Vietnam's Provincial Competitiveness Index 2023, a key tool for evaluating the business environment in Vietnam’s provinces, Binh Duong received a score of 66.43. This was an improvement from 2022 in which the province received a score of 65.13. In 2023, the province received its highest scores on the 'Law & Order' and 'Time Costs' criterion and lowest on 'Policy Bias' and 'Labour Policy'.

## Tourism

As one of the important elements, the system of cultural institutions has gotten development at the same time as main works in Bình Dương New City. Speeding up investment in cultural institutions in the new city has helped the local residents and tourists to have more selections for their entertainment demand. Over the past 5 years, Bình Dương's tourism sector has reached stable growth with an annual average increase of 17% in revenue and 0.5% in the number of tourists. The Provincial People's Committee is actively implementing projects on ecotourism and traditional craft village tourism development along with Đồng Nai province to bring into full play and preserve the local historical and cultural features. Between 2016 and 2020, the tourism sector will strive to account for around 27.2% of the local economic structure. The province will focus on effectively tapping geographic advantages. Some tourist potentials include diversifying tourism types and tourism promotion activities and strengthening tourism cooperation with HCM city and other localities in the region. Bình Dương is now home to ecotourism zones, historical-cultural relics together with traditional craft villages on things such as lacquer, pottery and wooden shoes.
According to VOV, eight must-visit places in Bình Dương (mainly in Thủ Dầu Một) are:
* Phú An bamboo village (Bến Cát)
* Bình Dương New City Park (Thủ Dầu Một)
* Hội Khánh Temple (Thủ Dầu Một)
* Phú Cường Cathedral (Thủ Dầu Một)
* Tay Tang Pagoda (Thủ Dầu Một)
* Đại Nam Văn Hiến (Thủ Dầu Một)
* Thủy Châu tourist site (Dĩ An)
* Wind and Water Cafe (Thủ Dầu Một)

## Festivals

* First Full Moon of the New Year Festival (also called Lady Thiên Hậu Pagoda Festival)
    On this occasion, thousands of visitors flocked into Thủ Dầu Một since the 13th of the first lunar month to celebrate the first full moon on the 15th day of the lunar calendar. During this festival, the pagoda attracts thousands of people each day who come to pray for luck, happiness and success. It is common to see people eating vegan food and drinking water. The First Full Moon of the New Year Festival in Bình Dương was more special than in other provinces and Ho Chi Minh City because local businesses and residents give visitors free food, water and motorbike repair services.
* Japanese Festival (held in Bình Dương New City)
* Ky Yen Festival (twice a year on 15 April and in Làyuè of lunar calendar)
* Ông Bổn Temple Festival (the second day of Zhēngyuè in lunar calendar in spring, and 4 July in lunar calendar in fall)
* Dragon Boat Rowing Festival on Saigon river (30 April, 1 May, or 2 September)
* Lái Thiêu Fruit Festival (Thuận An City)

## Transport

National Highway 13 is a vital strategic route in Vietnam's road network. It originates in Ho Chi Minh City and stretches the entire length of Binh Phuoc province from south to north, connecting to Cambodia and onwards to the borders of Thailand and Laos. This highway holds immense strategic value for both military and economic purposes. National Highway 14, running from Tay Ninh through Dau Tieng to Chon Thanh, Dong Xoai, and Bu Dang in Binh Phuoc province, traverses the Central Highlands region. It serves as a crucial strategic route, both during times of war and in the pursuit of peaceful national development.

### Airway

As of 2011, Phú Lợi Airport and Phú Giáo Airport were the only two remaining airports in the province; however, both are used for military reserve purposes. Bình Dương is located 10 to 15 kilometers from Tân Sơn Nhất International Airport.

### Rail transport

Binh Duong province is home to two railway stations along the North-South Railway line: Song Than station and Di An station. As of June 5, 2019, Di An station has become the main passenger station, replacing Song Than due to its convenient location near residential areas and industrial parks. Consequently, the railway sector has discontinued passenger services at Song Than station. Previously, Binh Duong province was also served by the Saigon - Loc Ninh railway line, which connected at Di An station and facilitated the transportation of rubber latex from Binh Phuoc province.

### Becamex Tokyu Bus

The Becamex Tokyu Bus is a public transportation service launched as part of a joint venture between Vietnam's Becamex IDC Corporation and Japan's Tokyu Corporation. This bus system operates in the Bình Dương province, primarily serving Bình Dương New City. Since its inception in 2014, the Becamex Tokyu Bus has played a crucial role in providing sustainable, eco-friendly public transport, connecting residential areas, commercial centers, and industrial parks. The bus system is part of the larger urban development plan, reducing traffic congestion and promoting the use of public transport in this rapidly developing region. It also enhances accessibility for both local workers and residents, contributing to Bình Dương’s ongoing economic growth and urbanization.

## International relations
### Sister cities

Bình Dương is twinned with:
* Daejon, South Korea (17 May 2005)

### Cooperation and friendship

In addition to its twin city, Bình Dương cooperates with:
* Kratié, Cambodia
* Champasak, Laos (13 November 2006)
* Guangzhou, China (21 August 2013)
* Emilia-Romagna, Italy (16 October 2013)
* Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan (25 December 2014)
* Eindhoven, Netherlands (16 January 2015)
* East Flanders, Belgium (14 October 2015)
* Emmen, Netherlands (17 November 2015)
* Oryol Oblast, Russia (7 July 2017)

## Gallery

* Administrative Center of Bình Dương province
* Six-way intersections in Thủ Dầu Một
* Thủ Dầu Một Market
* Bà Lụa Canal
* Bình Dương Economics and Technology University
* Eastern International University
* Ông Ngựa Pagoda
* Phú Cường communal temple
* Gò Đậu Stadium
* Lái Thiêu Street Thuận An
* Mỹ Phước, Bến Cát industrial park
* Dầu Tiếng Reservoir