OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Smile Before Death

Smile Before Death (Italian: Il sorriso della iena, lit. 'Smile of the Hyena') is a 1972 Italian giallo film written and directed by Silvio Amadio, and starring Rosalba Neri.

## Plot

Marco, a bankrupt nobleman, is unhappily married to the wealthy Dorothy Emerson. Her best friend, Gianna, is his mistress. Marco murders his wife (making it appear to be suicide by slashing her throat with a shard of glass) and becomes the administrator of his wife's estate, with the proviso that Nancy, Dorothy's daughter from a previous marriage, takes over control when she turns twenty. Marco has retired to live with Gianna in a luxurious lakeshore villa.
Marco's daughter Nancy contacts him to notify him that she will be taking control of her mother's estate very soon. Nancy has been living in a boarding school for years and hadn't seen her mother for a long time. Gianna tries to encourage Marco to kill Nancy, since Marco's standard of living will drop severely once she takes over the estate. But Marco ends up falling in love with Nancy, which complicates the proceedings.

## Cast

* Jenny Tamburi as Nancy Thompson
* Silvano Tranquilli as Marco
* Rosalba Neri as Gianna
* Dana Ghia as Magda
* Zora Gheorgieva as Dorothy Emerson
* Hiram Keller as Paolo

## Legacy

One of the Roberto Pregadio cues from the soundtrack, "Iena Sequence," featuring vocals by Edda Dell'Orso, was featured as the first track on the 1996 compilation album Beat in Cinecitta. The song became widely known in America for its use in a 2001 Honda Civic commercial called "Cut It Out," where a teenage boy sitting in a back seat between two girls attempts to take a wide stance and is castigated by his older sister who is driving.
# Chaubunagungamaug Reservation

The Chaubunagungamaug Reservation refers to the small parcel of land located in the town of Thompson, Connecticut, close to the border with the town of Webster, Massachusetts, and within the bounds of Lake Chaubunagungamaug (Webster Lake) to the east and the French River to the west. The reservation is used by the descendants of the Nipmuck Indians of the previous reservation, c. 1682–1869, that existed in the same area, who now identify as the Webster/Dudley Band of the Chaubunagungamaug Nipmuck.
The reservation only consists of 2.5 acres (1.0 hectare), and does not support a permanent population. It does serve as a meeting place and cultural center for Webster/Dudley Band of the Chaubunagungamaug Nipmuck. The land is also used as a place for the reinterment of local Native American remains. The tribe, and its reservation, are recognized in Massachusetts, but both lack recognition in Connecticut and at the federal level.

## History
### Praying Town of Chabanakongkomun

The first attempt at providing land for the Indians was the 'Praying towns' established by the missionary John Eliot, starting with Natick in 1651. Eliot petitioned the Great and General Court to provide land for the formation of townships, which the colonial government awarded in 1651, in response to the growing population of English settlers, which had doubled through natural increase and large-scale migration.
Eliot, who had already been instrumental in learning the language, translating the Bible, advocating for the Indians and teaching them literacy, settled Indian converts, known as 'Praying Indians,' in these communities. The Praying towns fell under colonial jurisdiction and laws, and the Praying Indians were forced to adopt many English customs, civil systems Christianity, but were self-governing with most administrative positions filled by the tribal elite, operated in their own language and were able to maintain Native customs.
In 1672, Joseph, son of the Hassanamessit (Grafton, Massachusetts) sachem Petavit (Petuhannit), also known as Robin, began preaching to the Indians of Chabanakongkomun, as Eliot referred to it. Eliot and Major-General Daniel Gookin, representing the colonial government, visited the area four times between 1668 and 1674. In 1673, Gookin installed Willymachin, also known as Black James, the sachem of Chabanakongkomun as Constable over four new Praying towns being established nearby. They returned in 1674, to officially recognize the Praying town with Joseph as its teacher. The new town did not receive an official land grant as it was still far from English settlements and due to the outbreak of King Philip's War 1675-1676 during Metacomet's uprising against the English. Chabanakongkomun was abandoned, as many fled to join Metacomet, others served the English as scouts and guides and those that remained were forcibly marched to Deer Island where many died of exposure, starvation and illness.
# Léon Abry

Léon-Eugène-Auguste Abry (1857–1905) was a Belgian painter who specialized in military scenes

## Life and work

He was the son of a General in the Belgian Army. The family moved frequently, from post to post. His father died when he was fourteen, and he had some difficulty adjusting from military life to ordinary bourgeois society.
He began preparing for a military career, but showed little enthusiasm, being attracted to drawing instead. From 1875 to 1878 he attended the Royal Academy of Fine Arts (Antwerp), where he studied with Nicaise De Keyser and Polydore Beaufaux. He began by painting historical and genre scenes, but soon turned to humorous depictions of military life, taken from his own experiences.
In 1881, he attempted to produce more serious works, but received a very negative response when he exhibited at the Brussels Salon in 1884. As a result, he decided to stay with military themes; slowly introducing non-humorous subjects. To achieve authenticity, he followed troops on their maneuvers and visited the barracks to make sketches. He also painted several canvases showing the Belgian royal family as they observed military exercises.
He was a co-founder of "De XIII [nl]", a secession group in Antwerp that included Emile Claus, Henry Luyten, Edgard Farasyn, Evert Larock and Frans Hens. They held their first exhibition in 1891 and planned to continue indefinitely, but succeeded in having only three altogether.
# 1989 Big Sky Conference men's basketball tournament

The 1989 Big Sky Conference men's basketball tournament was held March 9–11 at the BSU Pavilion at Boise State University in Boise, Idaho.
Regular season co-champions Idaho and Boise State, defending tournament champions and host, met in the championship game. Both had 13–3 conference records with five overall losses, and had split their season series with home wins. Under first-year head coach Kermit Davis, Idaho prevailed, 59–52. It was the Vandals' third Big Sky tournament title; the wins in 1981 and 1982 were under head coach Don Monson.
Idaho was also the reigning conference champion in football.

## Format

The tournament format was modified again in 1989, with the field reduced from eight to six teams. The top two teams in the league standings received a bye, and the next four played in the quarterfinals.

## Bracket

| Quarterfinals Thursday, March 9 | Quarterfinals Thursday, March 9 | Quarterfinals Thursday, March 9 | Semifinals Friday, March 10 | Semifinals Friday, March 10 | Semifinals Friday, March 10 | Championship Saturday, March 11 | Championship Saturday, March 11 | Championship Saturday, March 11 |
| | | | 1 | Boise State | 71 | | | |
| | | | 5 | Weber State | 60 | | | |
| 5 | Weber State | 69 | 5 | Weber State | 60 | | | |
| 4 | Nevada | 61 | | | | | | |
| 4 | Nevada | 61 | | | | 1 | Boise State | 52 |
| | | | | | | 2 | Idaho | 59 |
| 3 | Montana | 87 | | | | | | | 2 | Idaho | 59 |
| 6 | Montana State | 84 | | | | | | |
| 6 | Montana State | 84 | 3 | Montana | 56 | | | |
| | | | 2 | Idaho | 77 | | | |
Source:

## NCAA tournament

The Vandals received the automatic bid to the NCAA tournament, and were seeded thirteenth in the West Regional. They played UNLV in the first round in Boise and lost by twelve points. No other Big Sky members were invited to the tournament; Boise State lost in the first round of the NIT to Oklahoma State.
# John Johnson Sayrs

John Johnson Sayrs (1774 – January 6, 1809) was an American Episcopal clergyman who served as Chaplain of the Senate.

## Early years

John Johnson Sayrs was born in 1774 in Newark, New Jersey, the son of Caleb Sayrs and his wife Sarah Johnson. Sayrs graduated from the College of New Jersey (Princeton University) in 1792.

## Ministry

On January 5, 1795, Sayrs became minister of Trinity Church, Fishkill, New York, and Christ Church, Poughkeepsie, New York. On January 14, 1799, he became rector of Durham Parish, Charles County, Maryland; there he also operated a flourishing school. In 1804 he became the first rector of St. John’s Parish, Georgetown, D.C., a post in which he continued until his early death at age 36 in 1809. His body was buried beneath the chancel of the church, which was designed by William Thornton, architect of the Capitol.
In 1806-1807 he served as Chaplain of the Senate. Francis Scott Key was a friend and vestryman of his congregation. Key penned Sayrs’ epitaph which appears on a tablet in St. John’s Church.

## Personal life

Sayrs married Sophia Sprake (sometimes, spelled ‘’Speake’’) during his time at Durham Parish. They were the parents of two sons, one of whom died unmarried, the other, John Johnson Sayrs, Jr.
# Monument to the Glory of Émile Levassor

The Monument to the Glory of Émile Levassor (French: Monument à la gloire d'Émile Levassor), also known as The Triumph of Levassor (French: Le Triomphe de Levassor), is a sculpture in Paris, France, placed in the Alexandre and René Parodi Square, near Admiral Bruix Boulevard, within the 16th arrondissement of Paris. It is dedicated to Émile Levassor, an engineer and a pioneer of the automobile industry and car racing in France, and commemorates him crossing the finish line first in the 1895 Paris–Bordeaux–Paris Trail, which is sometimes considered the first automotive race in history. It was designed Jules Dalou and Camille Lefèvre, and unveiled on 26 November 1907, at the entrance to Boulogne Woodland park. In 1972 it was moved to its current location.

## History

The monument was dedicated to Émile Levassor, an engineer and a pioneer of the automobile industry and car racing in France, and commemorated him crossing the finish line first in the 1895 Paris–Bordeaux–Paris Trail, which is sometimes considered the first automotive race in history. It was commissioned by Automobile Club of France in 1898, a year after his death. Work on the monument was begun by sculptor Jules Dalou, and following his death in 1902, it was continued by one of his students, Camille Lefèvre, who based it on his drawings. The monument was unveiled on 26 November 1907, at the entrance to Boulogne Woodland park.
In 1972, due to the construction of the Peripheral Boulevard, the monument was moved to Alexandre and René Parodi Square, near Admiral Bruix Boulevard, in the 16th arrondissement of Paris.

## Characteristics

The monument is placed in the Alexandre and René Parodi Square, near Admiral Bruix Boulevard, within the 16th arrondissement of Paris.
It has a form of a large tall stone cuboid that is stylized to resemble a triumphal arch with two columns placed in front of it. In the centre is featured a relief titled The Triumph of Levassor (French: Le Triomphe de Levassor). It depicts Émile Levassor driving a 1895 Panhard et Levassor automobile, featuring racing number 5 written on its front, and decorated with laurel branches. Behind and to his right is depicted a cheering crowd of people, with men to waving their hats in the air. Above them are branches of a tree. On top of the arch, above the relief, is a sculpture of a car wheel with wings.

## Gallery

* Monument as seen from the side
* The details on the top of the monument
* The relief
* The relief
# Eurowhiteness

Eurowhiteness: Culture, Empire and Race in the European Project is a 2023 non-fiction book by Hans Kundnani. In the book, Kundnani questions the perception that the European Union is cosmopolitan in nature; instead, he argues that the ethnic and cultural elements of nationalism are also present in the European project.

## Background

Hans Kundnani is a British scholar of Indian and Dutch descent. He said that the book was inspired by his family background and by the 2014 book Eurafrica about the European Union's relations with African countries. Kundnani also quotes a similar argument made by Hannah Arendt in 1948: European federation would "make it only too easy to apply their former nationalism to a larger structure and become as narrowly and chauvinistically European as they were formerly German, Italian, or French". The term "Eurowhiteness" was originally coined by Hungarian sociologist József Böröcz, though Kundnani applies the word differently.

## Content

In the book, Kundnani defines "Eurowhiteness" as "the ethnic-cultural idea of European identity, centered on the EU". He questions whether the European Union is cosmopolitan in nature. In contrast, he argues that the Europeanism, rather like nationalism, is composed of ethnic, cultural, and civic elements in tension with each other—and that the ethnic and cultural dimensions have grown more salient in the years before he published the book. He also cites evidence that Brexit was supported by many non-white Britons, arguing that it could be a step towards making the United Kingdom less Eurocentric. Unlike other left-wing critiques of the European Union—which are more focused on failure to achieve a social Europe—Kundnani's book takes aim at the goals of European integration itself.

## Reception

Sarah Ganty and Dimitry Vladimirovich Kochenov write that "'Eurowhiteness' is the best available diagnosis of Europe's self-appointed cosmopolitanism". Henning Melber agrees with Kundnani's argument that European perceptions of having learned lessons from the Holocaust have blocked a reckoning with Europe's colonial past.
In The New Statesman, Marina Wheeler writes that the book "offers plenty to trouble the liberal conscience". For example, Kudnani argues that while many pro-Europeans believe that the EU "stands for diversity, inclusion and openness", the removal of internal barriers has only strengthened external ones. A review in Jacobin was titled: "European identity isn't an antidote to nationalism". Merijn Chamon criticizes Kundnani for "a one-sided and negative narrative of the EU", but concurs with another reviewer that the book is "a clear, elegantly written polemic" that is worth reading. Reviewing the "widely debated book", Kiran Klaus Patel praises Kundnani's extensive research, "new analytical framework and fresh empirical interpretations", although he is not entirely convinced by the latter. Stefan Auer writes that Kundnani "masterfully exposed" the European Union's internal contradictions.
The book received a roundtable discussion in the Czech Journal of International Relations and other reviews.
# İstiklal (disambiguation)

İstiklal (lit. 'independence') is a national Turkish newspaper.
İstiklal may also refer to:
* İstiklal, Buharkent, neighbourhood in district of Buharkent, Aydın Province, Turkey
* İstiklal, Seyhan, a neighborhood in Adana, Turkey
* İstiklal Avenue, a major pedestrian shopping street in Istanbul
* İstiklal Marşı, the national anthem of Turkey and Northern Cyprus
* Istiklal Mosque, Sarajevo, a mosque in Bosnia and Herzegovina
# Peter Paul Felner

Peter Paul Felner (1884–1927) was an Austrian-Hungarian screenwriter and film director.

## Selected filmography
### Director

* Prinz und Tänzerin (1920)
* Marquis Fun (1920)
* The Earl of Essex (1922)
* The Merchant of Venice (1923)
* Prater (1924)
* The Golden Calf (1925)
* The World Wants To Be Deceived (1926)
* Das Meer (1927)
# PPM

PPM may refer to:

## Business in general

* Planned preventive maintenance
* Project portfolio management
* Public performance measure, UK measure of rail punctuality

## Organizations

* Malaysian Scouts Association (Malay: Persekutuan Pengakap Malaysia)
* Mauritanian People's Party (French: Parti du peuple mauritanien, 1960–1978)
* Parry People Movers, UK flywheel vehicle manufacturer
* Pashtun Tahafuz Movement, a human rights movement in Pakistan for the Pashtun people
* People's Monarchist Party (Portugal) (Portuguese: Partido Popular Monárquico), a Portuguese political party
* People's Progressive Movement (Cayman Islands)
* Progressive Party of Maldives

## Science and technology
### Computing

* Pages per minute, a measurement of printing speed
* Perl package manager, for software packages
* Planted partition model, a special case of Stochastic block model
* Portable pixmap format, a Netpbm format
* Prediction by partial matching, a data compression technique

### Medicine

* Permanent pacemaker
* Persistent pupillary membrane, an eye condition
* Physician practice management

### Other uses in science and technology

* Parts-per-million
* Peak programme meter, measuring audio level
* Planned Preventative Maintenance of equipment
* PPM Star Catalogue
* Proton precession magnetometer, measures small magnetic field variations
* Pulse-position modulation of a signal

## Other uses

* Pepsi Venezuela Music Awards (Spanish: Premios Pepsi Music Venezuela)
* Peter, Paul and Mary, American folk group
* Portable People Meter, to measure radio and TV broadcast audiences
* Precision Performance Motorsports, an American auto racing team
* Prince Philip movement, a religious sect in Vanuatu
* Private Placement Memorandum, offering document for private placements
* Pay per 1000 impressions
# Davie-Brown Index

The Davie-Brown Index (DBI) is an independent index for brand marketers and agencies that quantifies consumer perceptions of more than 2,900 celebrities, including TV and film stars, musical artists, reality TV stars, news personalities, politicians, athletes, and business leaders.
Developed in 2006 by Sharp Analytics and white labeled by celebrity talent division of The Marketing Arm, an Omnicom Group Inc. promotion agency, the DBI provides marketers with a systematic approach for quantifying the use of celebrities in their advertising and marketing initiatives. DBI data is designed to help determine a celebrity's ability to influence brand affinity and consumer purchase intent.
According to various news articles, the DBI consists of a 1.5 million-member consumer research panel which evaluates a celebrity’s awareness, appeal and relevance to a brand’s image and their influence on consumer buying behavior. Respondents who are aware of a certain celebrity are asked a standard set of questions about that celebrity. Using a six-point scale, consumers evaluate celebrities across seven key attributes: Appeal, Breakthrough, Trendsetter, Influence, Trust, Endorsement, and Aspiration. An overall DBI score is developed each time a celebrity is indexed and can be narrowed down to key demographics, including gender, age and ethnicity.
Updated weekly, DBI attribute rankings are dynamic and change depending on major events (e.g., industry awards, positive/negative news, etc.).
In 2013, The Marketing Arm partnered with Repucom, a market research firm, to launch the Index in 12 international markets.
# Eszter Mészáros

Eszter Mészáros (born 29 June 2002) is a Hungarian sports shooter. She competed in the women's 10 metre air rifle event at the 2020 Summer Olympics.
# Down by the River (Milky Chance song)

"Down by the River" is a song by German folk duo Milky Chance. It was released as the second single from their debut studio album, Sadnecessary, on 28 March 2014 through Lichtdicht Records. The song has charted in France, Germany, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. The song was written and produced by the duo themselves. The song also appears on the soundtrack for the association football video game published by EA Sports, FIFA 15.

## Meaning

The meaning behind the song, as explained by Clemens in a track by track commentary, is literally about a river; the Fulda, to be exact. The song was written based on a "Experiences I (Clemens) had down by the river." He does not like to explain the story behind it because when he's writing a song, he prefers to "draw a picture" of it, so that everybody can make their own story for it.

## Chart performance
### Weekly charts

| Chart (2014) | Peak position |
| France (SNEP) | 64 |
| Germany (GfK) | 39 |
| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 72 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 79 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Platinum | 80,000$^‡$ |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 200,000$^‡$ |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^‡$ |
| $^‡$ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label |
| Germany | 28 March 2014 | Digital download | Lichtdicht |
# Vacarius

Vacarius (1120–1200?) was an Italian authority in civil and canon law who was known to author the Liber pauperum which between the years 1190 and 1220 influenced the development of legal studies in the University of Oxford. According to Gervase of Canterbury, Vacarius became the first known teacher of Roman law in England.

## Life

Vacarius was educated in and taught in Bologna from around 1140-1145. He was then brought to Canterbury, possibly by Thomas Becket, to serve as counsel to the archbishop of Canterbury, Theobald of Bec, in a struggle with Henry of Blois, Bishop of Winchester. The case ended favorably for Theobald in 1146. Vacarius next surfaces in 1149, when he taught, at Oxford, to crowds of those wealthy and those not. For the latter, he prepared a nine-volume compendium of the Codex Justinianus. The book was reputed to resolve all of the legal questions commonly debated in the schools, and became a leading textbook in the emerging university. Often described as the Liber pauperum, the book gave rise to the nickname pauperistae for students of law in Oxford. Nearly complete manuscripts of this work survive in the cathedral libraries at Worcester and Prague, and in the town library at Bruges. Fragments can be found in Oxford's Bodleian Library and in several of the college libraries at Oxford.
Despite its popularity, the new legal texts were not without opposition. King Stephen of England (who was not only king, but also a brother of Henry of Blois) silenced Vacarius, and ordered the destruction of the books of civil and canon law that Theobald had brought over from Italy with Vacarius. This royal edict seems to have been abandoned, however, after Stephen's death in 1154, and evidence suggests that civil law was soon again a favorite subject at Oxford. By 1190, two students from Friesland divided the evening between them to make a copy of the Liber pauperum.
It remains unknown whether Vacarius resumed his lectures after their interruption. In the same year that Stephen died, Vacarius's old friend Roger de Pont L'Evêque was promoted to the position of archbishop of York. Roger had invited Vicarius to join him in the north as legal adviser and ecclesiastical judge, and his name appears frequently in both papal letters and the chronicles of the period, indicating that he served in this capacity. For his services, he was rewarded with a prebend in the collegiate church of secular canons at Southwell. In 1191, he was allowed to cede half to his nephew Reginald. Vacarius is last heard of in 1198, when he and the prior of Thurgarton were commissioned by Pope Innocent III to fulfill a letter referring to crusades.
In addition to his legal work, surviving manuscripts attest to Vacarius' deliberations on other matters as well, likely in the latter half of his life. One of these, the Summa de assumpto homine, deals with the humanity of Christ, while the other, Summa de matrimonio, is a legal argument about the nature of marriage, in which he disputes both Gratian and Peter Lombard.
It is to Vacarius that we owe most of the information that has come down to us about Speroni, a heretic from Piacenza.