OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Charles Lee Armour

Charles Lee Armour (1830–October 16, 1903) was an associate justice of the supreme court of Colorado Territory from 1861 to 1865.

## Biography

When Colorado Territory was first organized in 1861, President Lincoln appointed three men to organize and serve on the new Colorado Supreme Court. Armour, whose appointment became official on March 28, 1861, was one of two associate justices Lincoln appointed. The other was S. Newton Pettis. Benjamin F. Hall was Lincoln's choice for the first chief justice of Colorado Territory. The territory was divided into three judicial districts, one headquartered in Denver, one in Central City, Colorado, and one in Cañon City. Armour was ultimately assigned to the district based in Central City.
Armour was from Maryland (though some sources erroneously say Ohio), and little is known about his early life. He was sympathetic to the Confederacy. He didn't travel to his post in Central City from Denver until 1862 and immediately proved unpopular there, with citizens petitioning the government for his removal. His courtroom behavior was strange and tyrannical. For example, he required everyone being sworn in his court to kiss a dirty old bible. He also jailed his bailiff once for saying too many "hear ye's" when court opened. One, lawyer, whose client Armour had unfairly treated, even posted flyers around Central City calling Armour a "judicial vagabond" and "a liar and a coward."
Eventually, the territorial legislature solved the Armour problem by creating a new, small, and remote judicial district and assigning him to it. The district consisted only of Conejos and Costilla counties, both in far southern Colorado along the New Mexico border. He never traveled there, preferring instead to sit out the war in Denver or Central City and draw his salary until his term ended in 1865, when he returned to Maryland. His annual salary was $1,800.
Little is known of Armour's life after his return to Maryland, except for one mention in The Maryland Free Press in 1866. He was appointed register of voters in Leitersburg but refused to register anyone who would not vote with the Radical Republicans. Of Armour, the newspaper wrote:
   This man, with a full knowledge of the law and constitution, has nevertheless so far yielded to that love of meanness which has always disgraced his character, and which has rendered him a moral and social stench wherever he is known, as to utterly refuse to register any one unless he votes the Radical ticket. And, in order to drive away all others has invented a system of badgering, brow-beating and overbearing conduct, of which the vilest man on earth should feel ashamed.
In 1868, he was reported as being one of the speakers at a Radical convention in Pennsylvania, delivering a speech that was "full of abuse and brag", and "seemed to be boiling over with rage towards the Copperheads".

## Death

Armour died following a sudden stroke in October 1903, and is buried in Saint Paul's Lutheran Church Cemetery in Leitersburg, Maryland.
# Fatema Begum

Fatema Begum is a retired Additional Inspector General of Bangladesh Police, second highest rank, and the first woman to join the police as a cadre officer of the Bangladesh Civil Service.
Begum is a director of Bangladesh Finance.

## Early life

Begum was born on 14 April 1958 in Munshiganj District, East Bengal, Pakistan. She graduated from the Central Women's College and her masters at the University of Dhaka in botany. She studied at the University of Adelaide with a scholarship from Australian Aid.

## Career

Begum joined Bangladesh Police on 21 January 1986 as an Assistant Superintendent of Police after passing the Bangladesh Civil Service, the first woman to do so. She was harassed by her colleague during training and the other female cadre quite during training at the Bangladesh Public Administration Training Centre. She requested to be removed from the police cadre due to the constant harassment but her request was denied. Begum served in Tangail District and Khagrachari District. She was an Assistant Deputy Commissioner of Chittagong Metropolitan Police. She was promoted to Superintendent of Police and appointed to Police Telecom.
Begum was the Superintendent of Police of Thakurgaon District. She served in a peacekeeping mission of the United Nations. She was transferred to the Special Branch in 2007, and later served as the Commandant of the Special Branch Training School. She was the director of investigations of Rapid Action Battalion. She was a Deputy Inspector General of Special Branch. Begum was the rector of Police Staff College. In 2017, she was awarded the Bangladesh Police Women Award by Bangladesh Police headquarter. She retired in 2018.
On 31 July 2023, Begum was appointed director of Bangladesh Finance.
# Austin Florian

Austin Florian (born September 12, 1994) is an American skeleton racer.

## Early life

Florian attended Southington High School in Southington, Connecticut. He then attended Clarkson University where he was an alpine skier.

## Career

Florian represented the United States at the IBSF World Championships in 2025 and won a gold medal in the mixed team event, along with Mystique Ro, in a time of 1:54.53.
# De Nieuwe en Onbekende Weereld

De Nieuwe en Onbekende Weereld (Dutch) or The New and Unknown World (English) is a 1671 travel book by Arnoldus Montanus. It describes the New World, and it depicts the region in its illustrations. It was published by Jacob van Meurs. It was published, after translation into English, by John Ogilby. The book has 125 engravings made of copper. It has 70 plates and 16 maps.

## Full title
### Dutch

The full title of the work in Dutch is De Nieuwe en Onbekende Weereld: of Beschryving van America en 't Zuid-Land, Vervaetende d'Oorsprong der Americaenen en Zuid-landers, gedenkwaerdige togten derwaerds, Gelegendheid Der vaste Kusten, Eilanden, Steden, Sterkten, Dorpen, Tempels, Bergen, Fonteinen, Stroomen, Huisen, de natuur van Beesten, Boomen, Planten en vreemde Gewasschen, Gods dienst en Zeden, Wonderlijke Voorvallen, Vereeuwde en Nieuwe Oorlogen: Verciert met Af-beeldsels na 't leven in America gemaekt, en beschreeven door Arnoldus Montanus'

### English

The full title of the work in English is The New and Unknown World: or Description of America and the Southland, Containing the Origin of the Americans and South-landers, remarkable voyages thither, Quality of the Shores, Islands, Cities, Fortresses, Towns, Temples, Mountains, Sources, Rivers, Houses, the nature of Beasts, Trees, Plants and foreign Crops, Religion and Manners, Miraculous Occurrences, Old and New Wars: Adorned with Illustrations drawn from the life in America, and described by Arnoldus Montanus.

## Reception

   "Montanus never visited the New World and his work contains numerous errors and fantastic conceptions about the people and animals of the Americas. Nonetheless, it became a standard work in Europe and was widely read for many years."

## Gallery

* Novi Belgii, quod nunc Novi Jorck vocatur, Novæque Angliæ & partis Virginiæ Accuratissima et Novissima Delineatio, 1671
# Shūōshi Mizuhara

Shūōshi Mizuhara (水原秋桜子; October 9, 1892 – 1981) was a Japanese haiku poet and physician.
Shūōshi Mizuhara was born on October 9, 1892, in Tokyo. Shūōshi's father was a doctor and raised Shūōshi to follow in his footsteps, eventually taking over his medical practice. Shūōshi graduated with an MD from Tokyo University in 1926, specializing in obstetrics and gynaecology. He became a professor at Showa Medical College in 1928 and was appointed medical advisor for the Ministry of the Imperial Household in 1932. Following World War II, Shūōshi gave up his medical practice to focus on poetry.
Shūōshi's father unsuccessfully attempted to discourage his son's interest in literature. Shūōshi first became interested in tanka and only later turned to haiku. He was initially attached to Shibukaki school of haiku led by Tōyōjō Matsune, but, profoundly influenced by Kyoshi Takahama's manifesto Susumubeki haiku no michi ("The Path on Which Haiku Must Advance"), he soon joined the Hototogisu school and was prominently featured in the magazine.
He increasingly grew dissatisfied with what he saw as the restrictive conservative principles of the Hototogisu group. He published his first haiku collection, Katsushika, in 1930 to a tepid response from Kyoshi. The volume is now recognized by critics as a key work in the modernization of haiku. The next year, he wrote a romantic manifesto that served as his exit from Hototogisu, "Truth in Nature and Truth in Literature", where he wrote:
   If the whole aim of haiku writing were to grasp 'truth in nature,' the poet would need no assiduous study to gain new knowledge, no constant endeavour to enrich his mind. All he would have to do would be to roam about with a notebook in his pocket, following the shadow of a cloud.
He and his followers had their own publication, Ashibi ("Staggerbush"), a rebranding of a magazine called Hamayumi.
# Rekha Shankar

Rekha Shankar is an American actress, comedian, and writer. She is known for her writing and performing work with Dropout (previously CollegeHumor).

## Career

Shankar grew up in Philadelphia and graduated from the Tisch School of the Arts of New York University. She initially worked as an editor before moving into comedy. While in New York, Shankar performed improvisational comedy with the Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre, wrote for the MTV News web series Decoded and the satirical website Reductress, and appeared in web videos for ClickHole and Funny or Die. She was in a sketch group, DUMB video, that made YouTube videos. In 2016, she created the web series Hustle, supported by crowdfunding on Kickstarter, which portrayed the life of struggling freelancers as a video game.
Shankar was hired by the comedy company CollegeHumor in 2017. She moved to Los Angeles and became the head writer for the company's CollegeHumor Originals web series. CollegeHumor rebranded over time into the streaming service Dropout; Shankar has appeared in Dropout series such as the actual play show Dimension 20 and the game show Game Changer. In 2019, she created the Dropout miniseries Gods of Food, a parody of the Netflix food documentary series Chef's Table. She has hosted Dropout shows such as Celebrity Slumber Party in 2018, Erotic Clubhouse in 2020, and Smartypants in 2024, in which performers put on comedy PowerPoint presentations.
Shankar played a small role in Netflix's Between Two Ferns: The Movie, released in 2019, and wrote for the Netflix series Magic for Humans and Astronomy Club: The Sketch Show. She appeared in an episode of the HBO show Hacks in 2021. She later wrote for shows such as NBC's Grand Crew and Comedy Central's Digman!
# List of Canadian provinces and territories by Human Development Index

This is a list of Canadian provinces and territories by their Human Development Index, which is a comparative measure of life expectancy, literacy, education, standard of living and overall well-being of the citizens in each province and territory. All Canadian provinces and territories have a very high (greater than 0.900) HDI. The 2021 estimate merges the province and territories of Prince Edward Island, Northwest Territories, Nunavut and Yukon into one, rather than classifying them separately.

## Human Development Index

| Rank | Province or territory | HDI (estimates for 2022) |
| 1 | Alberta | 0.947 |
| 2 | British Columbia | 0.946 |
| 3 | Ontario | 0.942 |
| — | Canada (average) | 0.935 |
| 4 | Prince Edward Island | 0.929 |
| 4 | Northwest Territories | 0.929 |
| 4 | Yukon | 0.929 |
| 4 | Nunavut | 0.929 |
| 8 | Quebec | 0.926 |
| 9 | Saskatchewan | 0.920 |
| 10 | Nova Scotia | 0.909 |
| 11 | Manitoba | 0.907 |
| 12 | New Brunswick | 0.904 |
| 13 | Newfoundland and Labrador | 0.901 |
# Down Home Sessions

Down Home Sessions is the first extended play from American country music artist Cole Swindell. The album peaked at number eight on Top Country Albums and sold 12,000 copies.

## Charts

| Chart (2014) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 36 |
| US Top Country Albums (Billboard) | 8 |
# David Jacobs (gymnast)

David Arthur Jacobs (born in 1946) is an American trampoline and artistic gymnast. He is a three-time Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships gold medalist and the NCAA men's gymnastics champion on the floor exercise (1967) and trampoline (1967 and 1969).
He was inducted into the World Acrobatics Society (WAS) Hall of Fame in 2009 and later served as the president from 2015 to 2019. In September 2024, Jacobs received the Charlie Pond Service Award from the WAS.

## Early life and education

Jacobs was born in 1946 in Sheboygan, Wisconsin, to Careta (née Aschenbach). The family moved to Amarillo, Texas, in 1957, and moved back to Sheboygan in 1965. In 1962 while a sophomore in high school, he joined Nard's trampoline club in Texas. Jacobs was a student at the University of Michigan.

## Gymnastics career

In 1964, he competed at the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) championships and finished third. While there, he began a working relationship with Eddie Cole. At the 1966 Trampoline World Championships (TWC), he won the synchronized trampoline title with fellow Michigan student Wayne Miller.
While Jacobs was at the University of Michigan, he competed for the Michigan Wolverines men's gymnastics team from 1967 to 1969. He was the NCAA champion in the floor exercise and trampoline at the 1967 NCAA gymnastics championships. He won a further NCAA title for trampoline in 1969 en route to being a finalist for the Nissen-Emery Award.

## In popular culture

He is also known as the subject of a comedic sketch on the hidden camera comedy and reality show Impractical Jokers. In the 2019 episode "Irritable Vowel Syndrome", a man was approached by comedian Brian Quinn who was performing a challenge for the show. Quinn performed the challenge by posing as a shopper and started a conversation with the man. After the segment, the man claimed to be David Jacobs, a "superhuman athlete", and showed Quinn a video of a performance on YouTube. The other group members approached the man, pretending to have known of Jacobs' stardom. The other Jokers also posed as other shoppers in the mall; one by one requesting to take a picture with him after claiming they had seen his videos of his athletics while making fun of Quinn for not knowing who Dave Jacobs is. In a Facebook comment, David Jacobs claims that it was not him who appeared in this video nor did he know who the subject was.

## Personal life

Jacobs was the father of David Jacobs, who created one of the largest steroid and growth hormone operations in the United States and led to "...one of the largest trafficking investigations of its kind in the nation's history..." Authorities determined Jacobs' son was the perpetrator of a murder–suicide discovered on June 5, 2008.
# Rokas Stanulevičius

Rokas Stanulevičius (born 2 October 1994, in Lithuania) is a Lithuanian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder.

## Career

He started to play football in his native town Biržai and later removed to Panevėžys.
He spent a few seasons at FK Ekranas. Played in FK Riteriai and was sold to Israel. He returned back to Lithuania joining Džiugas Club.
In January 2022, he signed with FK Panevėžys. In July 2023, he signed for League of Ireland Premier Division club Cork City.
On 18 February 2025 announced that Stanulevičius transferred into Riteriai Club.
# Assunção do Piauí

Assunção do Piauí is a municipality in the state of Piauí in the Northeast region of Brazil.
# Automotive Business School of Canada

The Automotive Business School of Canada is a school of Georgian College and based in Barrie, Ontario. It also organizes the Georgian College Auto Show, the largest outdoor auto show in North America. The school offers the Automotive Certification Course on behalf of the Ontario Motor Vehicle Industry Council and is required to be a vehicle salesperson in Ontario. The school offers a 2-year diploma in automotive business and a 4-year Honours Bachelor of Business Administration (Automotive Management). Both are co-op programs.
# Kanishka Biswas

Kanishka Biswas is an Associate Professor in the New Chemistry Unit at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore with research interests focused on renewable energy and clean environment. The areas in which he has worked include solid state inorganic chemistry of metal chalcogenides, thermoelectric materials, 2D layered materials, topological insulators.

## Early life and education

Kanishk Biswas was born on 25 October 1982. Biswas obtained his MS degree in chemical science from Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore in 2006 and PhD degree from the same institute in 2009 both under the supervision of C. N. R. Rao. He had spent three years (June 2006 - May 2009) as Postdoctoral Fellow under the supervision of Mercouri Kanatzidis at Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA

## Honours and awards

The honours and awards conferred on Kanishka Biswas include:
* Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology for Chemical Sciences, 2021
* National Prize for Research in Inorganic and Physical Chemistry – CNR Rao Education Foundation, (2021)
* ICSC Materials Science Annual Prize, Materials Research Society, India (MRSI) (2020)
* Swarnajayanti Fellowship, Department of Science & Technology (DST) (2019)
* Chemical Research Society of India (CRSI) Bronze Medal (2019).
* Young Scientists Medal, Indian National Science Academy (INSA), New Delhi (2016).
* Associate of Indian Academy of Sciences (IASc), Bangalore (2014-2017).
* Ramanujan Fellowship, Department of Science & Technology (DST) (2012-2017).
* Asian Scientist 100, Asian Scientist, 2022
# Cerilo Casicas

Cerilo Uy Casicas (born March 18, 1967) is a Filipino bishop of the Roman Catholic Church who currently serves as Bishop of Marbel since 2018.

## Early life and education

Casicas was born on March 18, 1967, in Duero, Bohol, Philippines. He pursued his seminary formation at Our Lady of Perpetual Help Seminary in Koronadal, South Cotabato, where he completed his philosophy studies. He later enrolled at St. Francis Xavier Regional Major Seminary of Mindanao in Davao, where he earned his theology degree.
Continuing his academic journey, he obtained a Licentiate in Dogmatic Theology from the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome in 2003. In 2004, he attended the Language Institute Kreuzberg in Bonn, Germany, for further studies in German.

## Priesthood

Casicas was ordained as a priest on October 27, 1994, for the Diocese of Marbel. His early assignments included serving as Episcopal Chancellor from 1994 to 1995. He was later appointed dean of studies at Our Lady of Perpetual Help Seminary in Koronadal, a role he held from 1995 to 2000.
While studying in Rome, he served as Chaplain of the Filipino community from 2001 to 2004. Upon his return to the Philippines, he became an instructor of philosophy at Notre Dame of Marbel University from 2005 to 2006. He was later assigned as Assistant Parish Priest and then Parish Priest of Jesus Good Shepherd Parish in Polomolok from 2006 to 2009.
In 2010, he took a sabbatical year at the Our Lady of the Philippines Trappist Monastery in Jordan, Guimaras. He then served as Assistant Priest in several parishes in General Santos City before being appointed as Director and Professor at St. John Vianney Seminary in Cagayan de Oro City in 2013.

## Episcopal ministry

On April 28, 2018, Pope Francis appointed Casicas as the Bishop of Marbel, succeeding Bishop Dinualdo Gutierrez. His episcopal ordination took place on July 11, 2018, with Cardinal Orlando Quevedo as the principal consecrator. The formal installation ceremony followed at the Christ the King Cathedral in Koronadal City on the same day.
As bishop, Casicas has been vocal about environmental protection and social justice issues. He strongly opposes large-scale mining operations, particularly the Tampakan copper-gold project, warning of its potential to cause severe environmental damage and displace indigenous communities.
# Arbab Umar Farooq

Nawab Arbab Umar Farooq Kasi is a Pakistani politician from Balochistan. who is currently serving as a member of the Senate of Pakistan since March 2021. He belongs to Awami National Party (ANP).
# The Connexion

The Connexion is France’s leading English-language media and has been providing news and practical updates about the country since 2002.
It is considered a primary source of information for anyone established or new to France and for those planning or dreaming of a move over. Its main readership is British and American although many other nationalities also benefit from its content.
Many are property owners in the country whether main or second homes who turn to The Connexion for its unique blend of practical information and news and culture updates.
All its publications are in English.
Its website connexionfrance.com is updated several times a day and readers can receive a range of free e-newsletters as well as a long-standing monthly 64-page print publication. Its Saturday e-newsletter for subscribers is devoted to answering readers’ questions about France.
It also publishes and sells an annually updated range of digital help guides covering French visas and residency cards, healthcare, taxation and inheritance. The latest offering is a guide to how the new EU border changes will affect visitors to France.
It followed the changes brought about by the Brexit Withdrawal Agreement and the 'full' deal signed in 2020 and the effect on Britons already living in France and those who move across now.
It currently claims over 31,000 recurring paying subscribers. More than 110,000 readers receive its newsletters. Subscribers can join a dedicated Facebook group to offer support and tips to each other.
Its website connexionfrance.com receives around 500,000 unique visitors and 2,000,000 page views every month. More than 25,000 copies of the Connexion are printed monthly and sold through over 4,500 newsagents and supermarkets across France as well as by subscription.
The media group is independently owned.

## Content

Connexionfrance.com features daily coverage of French headlines, selecting what its readership needs to know as foreign residents as well as providing regular practical updates on key practical topics such as visas and residency, healthcare, taxation, driving and property ownership and renting. There is also a French language expression of the day.
The Connexion monthly publication features independent reporting on issues close to its readers as well as a popular ‘Readers’ Letters and Comment’ section. Each edition contains a 24-page French Living supplement of articles exploring different areas of France, lifestyle pieces, recipes, tips for improving your French and culture piece as well as bilingual crosswords and a quiz.

## Subscription options

There are two types of subscription: Print + Digital and Digital-only.
The Print + Digital option includes delivery of the monthly newspaper to the reader’s home.
The Connexion is sold in newsagents and supermarkets for €6.25.
There is a continuing demand for the print edition although growth in digital-only subscriptions currently outperforms that of Print + Digital.
All subscribers receive a digital version of the current edition of The Connexion.
Subscriptions start at an annual price of €54 for digital and reach €91.50 for print + digital with delivery outside of France.