OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Robert Fletcher (North Carolina politician)

Robert Fletcher (1815-1885) was a Reconstruction era politician in North Carolina who served in the North Carolina House of Representatives. He served his community in other positions including being a sub-elector and a county commissioner.

## Biography

Fletcher was born in 1815 in North Carolina and was an African American of Congo descent and described as literate.
He was elected in April 1868 to serve as commissioner for Richmond County. Later that year in October he was appointed as a Republican sub-elector for the county. He served on the Pitt County Board of Assessors in 1869 and then as the Richmond County commissioner the following year in 1870.
A convention of the Richmond County Republicans in July 1870 nominated Fletcher to run for the house. H. S. Wade stood as an independent Radical against him. Before the election it was reported that Fletcher was in favor of impeaching governor William Woods Holden.
Fletcher was elected to serve in the North Carolina House of Representatives in September 1870. At the start of 1872 he co-signed a letter by governor Tod Robinson Caldwell printed in the newspapers to discourage the Colored people of North Carolina from being tempted by offers of work in other states. He was re-elected in 1972 but failed reelection when he stood for the final time in 1974. He kept involved in politics including attending the Richmond County Republican Conventions and giving a speech at the 1876 event.
# Georges Dwelshauvers

Georges Dwelshauvers, who also wrote under the pseudonym Georges Mesnil (1866–1937) was a Belgian philosopher and psychologist. He was the brother of the art critic and anarchist Jacques Mesnil.
Dwelshauvers studied philosophy at the Université libre de Bruxelles before studying in Germany, where he was attracted to the new experimental psychology of Wilhelm Wundt. His attempt to submit a psychological thesis for a Brussels doctorate was blocked by Guillaume Tiberghien (1819–1901) in what became known as the Dwelshauvers affair, and Dwelshauvers only started lecturing in philosophy after Tiberghien's retirement.
In a series of articles between 1905 and 1908 Dwelshauvers criticised Henri Bergson's reliance on qualitative intuition for the study of psychological phenomena. He also wrote for a range of literary magazines, including La Société Nouvelle and the Flemish publication Van Nu en Straks [Today and Tomorrow], edited by his brother. Introduced by August Vermeylen to the thought of Friedrich Nietzsche, he played an important role in the reception of Nietzsche in France and Belgium.
Dwelshauvers was director of a psychology laboratory in Barcelona from 1920 to 1924.

## Works

* Les méthodes de l'idéalisme scientifique, 1892
* La synthèse mentale, 1908
* La philosophy de Nietzsche, Paris, 1909
* L'inconscient, 1916
* La psychologie francaise contemporaine, Paris: Alcan, 1920
* Les mécanismes subconscients, 1925
* La Catalogne et le problème catalan, 1926
* Traité de psychologie, 1928
* Vues sur la psychologie animale, 1930
* L'étude de la pensée; méthodes et résultats, 1934
* L'exercice de la volonté, 1935
# African Table Tennis Federation

The African Table Tennis Federation (ATTF) is one of the table tennis continental federations recognized by the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF).
# Hohenfurch

Hohenfurch is a municipality in the Weilheim-Schongau district, in Bavaria, Germany.
# Keterisi

Keterisi (Georgian: ქეთერისი) is a village in the historical region of Khevi, north-eastern Georgia. It is located on the right bank of the river Tergi. Administratively, it is part of the Kazbegi Municipality in Mtskheta-Mtianeti. It is 32 km from the municipality centre of Stepantsminda.
# Żurawce-Osada

Żurawce-Osada is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubycza Królewska, within Tomaszów Lubelski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland, close to the border with Ukraine.
# Jakub Podaný

Jakub Podaný (born 15 June 1987) is a former Czech football player. He was a player for Sparta Prague between 2009 and 2015, although he played on loan at clubs in Greece, Slovakia, and India, as well as his native Czech Republic during that period. Towards the end of his career, Podaný was a permanent player for Slovan Bratislava, Dukla Prague, and Jablonec.

## Career
### Sparta and loans

Podaný played for Sparta Prague between 2009 and 2015, going out on loan numerous times during that period.
Podaný played 11 matches and scored two goals for Indian Super League team Atlético de Kolkata in 2014. In the 2014 Indian Super League final, Podaný assisted the only goal of the game, scored by Mohammed Rafique, as his team won the inaugural competition.

### Later career

Podaný headed to Slovakia in 2015, signing a two-year contract with Slovak First Football League side Slovan Bratislava. He moved back to the Czech Republic a year later, joining Dukla Prague in July 2016 as one of three defenders to join the club as free agents during the off-season. He scored his first league goal for Dukla in the first match after the Czech First League's winter break in February 2017, away against Hradec Králové. His goal, which came from a direct free kick, opened the scoring in the march which finished 2–0 to the visitors.
After Dukla Prague's relegation during the 2018–19 Czech First League, Podaný joined First League side Bohemians 1905 on a season-long loan for the 2019–20 season. He then left Dukla permanently, signing for Jablonec in the summer of 2020. In 2021, Podaný continued his football on an amateur level, featuring for Regional Championship (fifth-tier) side SK Hřebeč and sustaining a knee injury in a game against TJ Klíčany.

## Honours

Atlético de Kolkata
* Indian Super League: 2014
Slovan Bratislava
* Slovak Cup runner-up: 2015–16
# Evangelical Christian Academy (Madrid, Spain)

The Evangelical Christian Academy (ECA) is an American international Christian school in Camarma de Esteruelas, Province of Madrid, Spain.
ECA offers grades 1 to 12.

## History

The school was founded in 1973.
The school earned accreditation from the Association of Christian Schools International (ACSI) in 2009. In 2018, the Spanish government recognized ECA as an American school operating in Spain and assigned it an official school number.

## Accreditation

ECA is currently accredited with the Association of Christian Schools International (ACSI).
# Paul Wayland Bartlett

Paul Wayland Bartlett (January 24, 1865 – September 20, 1925) was an American sculptor working in the Beaux-Arts tradition of heroic realism.

## Biography

Bartlett was born in New Haven, Connecticut, the son of Truman Howe Bartlett, an art critic and sculptor.
At fifteen, he began to study in Paris under Emmanuel Frémiet, modelling from animals in the Jardin des Plantes. He won a medal at the Paris Salon of 1887, and was elected as a member of the jury for the Paris Exposition Universelle of 1889 and again at the Exposition of 1900, each time sacrificing his own opportunities of receiving medals. He was 29 when the Cross of a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor was bestowed upon him. In 1903, he collaborated with the dean of American sculptors, John Quincy Adams Ward, on the models for the pediment sculptures of the New York Stock Exchange; the pediment figures were carved by the Piccirilli Brothers.
Bartlett's masterwork was the House of Representatives pediment at the U.S. Capitol building, The Apotheosis of Democracy, begun in 1908 and completed in 1916. Among his other principal works are Bohemian Bear Tamer, in the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; the equestrian statue of Lafayette, in the Cours Albert 1er, Paris, presented to the French Republic by the schoolchildren of America; the powerful and virile bronzes Columbus' and Michelangelo inside the Library of Congress; the Ghost Dancer, in the Pennsylvania Academy, Philadelphia; the Dying Lion; the equestrian statue of McClellan in Philadelphia; and a statue of Joseph Warren in Boston, Massachusetts. His bronze patinas of reptiles, insects and fish, several of which are in the collection of the Berkshire Museum, are also remarkable.
In 1895, he was named a Chevalier of the French Legion of Honor. In 1916, he was admitted to the American Academy of Arts and Letters. He was also a member of the National Sculpture Society and the International Society of Sculptors, Painters and Gravers.
In the mid-20th century, Bartlett's step-daughter, Caroline Ogden-Jones Peter, worked to ensure that examples of Bartlett's sculpture were distributed to museums throughout the United States. Additional examples of his sculpture, including many plaster studies as well as his personal papers are found at Tudor Place, Caroline's former home with husband, Armistead Peter 3rd; a historic house museum open to the public since 1988.

## Works

* Joseph Warren, Roxbury, Massachusetts
* Sir William Blackstone in Washington, D.C.
* Robert Morris in Philadelphia
* Statue of Lafayette in Hartford, Connecticut (1957)
* House of Representatives pediment, Apotheosis of Democracy, Washington D.C., completed 1916
# Mann (2006 film)

Mann (transl. Earth) is a 2006 Tamil-language drama film directed by R. Pudhiyavan and starring Vijith and Shana Mahendran.

## Plot

Due to civil unrest, Thankaiya and his family including his daughter Lakshmi and her fiancé Raja leave their village for another village. Raja is keen to get Lakshmi educated. However, Lakshmi falls in love with Ponrasa in school and becomes pregnant with their son. Ponrasa later rejects her and leaves to another country and a depressed Lakshmi passes away. After eighteen years, Ponrasa returns and how their son avenges their mother's death forms the rest of the story.

## Cast

As per the film's end credits:
* Shana Mahendran as Lakshmi
* Vijith as Ponrasa
* Vagai Chandrasekhar as Thankaiya
* S. Selvasegaran as Sinnathambi
* Kadhal Sukumar as Raja
* Dharsan as Gunaseelan
* Ratnajothi as Nallathambi
* Nimali as Ponnamma
* Maheswari Ratnam as Sivapakiyam
* Mithun as Thillai
* Chris as Ganesh
* Sornan as Jayam
* Thesara as Kethesse
* Pushpika as Suguna
* Udesthran as Chinrasa
* Janagan as Kajan
* Sri as Nakulan
* Vijayamighai as Eswari
* Thevar as Rasamanickam
* Master Jeeva as Sridharan
* Davidraj as Sivaraj
* K. Mohankumar as Sidamabrampillai
* Vani as Kannamma

## Production

The director Pudhiyavan Rasaiah, a lecturer at Kingston University, wanted to direct in his hometown of Kanakarayankulam, but did not get permission from the LTTE to shoot there. The entire film was shot in Udappuwa Tamil village in Puttalam, Sri Lanka with mostly Sri Lankan actors including Shana Mahendran from Batticaloa and Vijith apart from Indian actors Vagai Chandrasekhar and Kadhal Sukumar. Filming began in July 2005 and ended in August 2005.

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by German Vijay.

## Release and reception

The film had a limited release in Colombo and Batticaloa before being released in India.
Chennai Online wrote that "The film takes us to an ambience of about two decades ago". A critic from Cinesouth wrote that "Director Pudhiyavan should be congratulated for his courage in making a film of this stature. Mann is fertile" while also praising the acting and cinematography and criticising the editing. Malini Mannath of
Shana Mahendran won the best actress award at a Tamil film festival in Canada in 2006.
# Butyryl chloride

Butyryl chloride is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH$_3$CH$_2$CH$_2$C(O)Cl. It is a colorless liquid with a unpleasant odor. Butyryl chloride is soluble in organic solvents, but it reacts readily with water and alcohols. It is usually produced by chlorination of butyric acid.

## Reactions

Like related acyl chlorides, butyryl chloride hydrolyzes readily:
    CH$_3$CH$_2$CH$_2$C(O)Cl + H$_2$O → CH$_3$CH$_2$CH$_2$CO$_2$H + HCl
Alcohols react to give esters:
    CH$_3$CH$_2$CH$_2$C(O)Cl + ROH → CH$_3$CH$_2$CH$_2$CO$_2$R + HCl
Amines react to give amides:
    CH$_3$CH$_2$CH$_2$C(O)Cl + R$_2$NH → CH$_3$CH$_2$CH$_2$C(O)NR$_2$ + HCl
Derivatives of butyryl chloride are used in manufacturing pesticides, pharmaceuticals, perfume fixative, polymerization catalyst, and dyestuffs. Butyryl chloride is also commonly used as an intermediate for organic synthesis for the preparation of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, dyes, esters, and peroxide compounds.

## Safety

Butyryl chloride is flammable and fumes in air, releasing hydrogen chloride.
# Żurawie, Lublin Voivodeship

Żurawie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Turobin, within Biłgoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-east of Turobin, 29 km (18 mi) north of Biłgoraj, and 52 km (32 mi) south of the regional capital Lublin.
# National Museum in Szczecin

The National Museum in Szczecin (Polish: Muzeum Narodowe w Szczecinie) is a national museum in Szczecin, Poland, established on 1 August 1945. The museum features ancient and modern art, archaeological, historical, numismatic, nautical and ethnographic collections and is divided into six branches, five located in Szczecin and one in Gryfice.

## Departments

The six branches are:
* Main Building of the Muzeum Narodowe w Szczecinie, Wały Chrobrego 3 – Maritime Museum
* Szczecin's History Museum, Old Town Hall, Księcia Mściwoja II 8
* Museum of Regional Traditions, Staromłyńska 27
* Museum of Contemporary Art, Palace of the Heads, Staromłyńska 1
* Dialogue Center "Breakthroughs" (Polish: Centrum Dialogu „Przełomy”), Solidarności 1 Square
* Narrow Gauge Railway Exhibition in Gryfice
* Szczecin's History Museum
* Museum of Regional Traditions
* Museum of Contemporary Art

## Directors

* Lech Krzekotowski (1945–1949)
* Józef Marciniak (1949–1952)
* Natalia Pacanowska-Haltrecht (1952–1955)
* Władysław Filipowiak (1955–2000)
* Lech Karwowski (2001–present)

## Old Art Gallery collection

* Columns from the Kołbacz Abbey
* St. John's Polyptych
* Part of the scene of baptism Christ in the Jordan (Quarter from the St. John's Polyptych)
* Portrait of Philip I, Duke of Pomerania, Lucas Cranach the Younger
* Sidonia von Borcke, by unknown artist
* St. John the Evangelist, Bernardo Cavallino
* Without land, Wojciech Gerson
* Grand kermess, David Vinckboons
* Zrękowiny, Włodzimierz Tetmajer
* View of Szczecin, Ludwig Eduard Lütke
* Portrait of the writer Georg Hirschfeld and his wife Ella, Lovis Corinth
* Portrait of a dancer Antonia Mercé called "La Argentina", Max Slevogt
# Abraham Kohen Kaplan

Abraham Kohen Kaplan (Yiddish: אברהם כהן קאַפלאַן; 25 July 1839 – 2 February 1897) was a Russian Hebrew writer, poet, and translator.

## Biography

Abraham Kaplan was born into a Jewish family in the town of Wilke, Kovno Governorate. Having acquired a reputation as a good Hebrew writer at home, he moved to Vienna, where he followed the profession of a publicist until his death.
Kaplan was the author of the following works: Mistere ha-Yehudim (Warsaw, 1865), a Hebrew translation of the first volume of the historical novel Die Geheimnisse der Juden of Hermann Reckendorf [he; de]; Ḥayye Abraham Mapu (Vienna, 1870), a biography of the Hebrew writer Abraham Mapu, with two appendices containing Moshe 'immanu, a poem in praise of Moses Montefiore, and Se'u zimrah, a hymn in honour of the choral society Kol Zimrah of Krakow; Tzarah ve-neḥamah (Vienna, 1872), a Hebrew adaptation from the German novel Die falsche Beschuldigung by Leopold Weisel [de] (Vienna, 1872); Divre yeme ha-Yehudim (Vienna, 1875), a Hebrew translation of the third volume of Heinrich Grätz's Geschichte der Juden [he] (Vienna, 1875); Kelimah ve-belimah (Vienna, 1882), two satirical poems; Moshe Moshe (Vienna, 1884), poem on the celebration of the centenary of Moses Montefiore; and Ha-shemesh (Krakow, 1889), reflections on the sun, its nature and substance.
Kaplan frequently contributed to the Hebrew periodicals, and was involved in press polemics on the merit of the works of Smolenskin, which he defended against their critics. Kaplan's defense provoked the publication of the pamphlet Kohen lelo-Elohim (Warsaw, 1878), in which Kaplan was violently attacked.

## Selected publications

* Mistere ha-Yehudim. Vol. 1. Warsaw: Defus shel R. Yoel Lebenzohn. 1865. hdl:2027/nnc1.cu58930370.
* Ḥayye Abraham Mapu. Vienna. 1870. hdl:2027/osu.32435017391905.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Tzarah ve-neḥamah. Vienna. 1872.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Divre yeme ha-Yehudim. Vienna: Verlag von Brüder Winter. 1875. hdl:2027/hvd.hwn6uk.
* Kelimah ve-belimah. Vienna: Defus Moritz Knopplmakher. 1882.
* Moshe Moshe. Vienna. 1884.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Ha-shemesh. Krakow: Druck von Josef Fischer. 1889. hdl:2027/hvd.hwpw5u.
# Deadcuts

Deadcuts were an English post punk group formed in 2012 by former Senseless Things front man, Mark Keds (vocals/guitar) and Jerome Alexandre (guitar/backing vocals). Keds was also known for his previous work with The Wildhearts and Jolt, as well as co-writing The Libertines' "Can't Stand Me Now".
The group released their debut album, Dark Is The Night, in 2014 on Speedowax Records.
After the departure of members Mark McCarthy (Radical Dance Faction, The Wonder Stuff) and Trevor Sharpe (Miranda Sex Garden), the group were joined by ex-Senseless Things and Gorillaz drummer Cass Browne and bass player Joseph Johns.
The band supported The Libertines at their surprise Dublin Castle gig and again in January 2016 at their Greenwich O2 Arena show in London. In the same month they were joined on stage by Andy MacKay (Roxy Music) and Charlotte Glasson (Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds, Herbie Flowers) for a rendition of David Bowie’s "V2 Schneider" and "Lazarus" as part of a David Bowie Tribute concert in aid of Cancer Research UK at London's Bush Hall, alongside other artists including Sophie Ellis Bextor, Graham "Suggs" McPherson, Jay Mehler (Kasabian), Ed Harcourt, Nick McCarthy (Franz Ferdinand). They also performed at a fundraiser show for former Mega City Four frontman Wiz in the same week.
The band supported Pete Doherty on various dates during his Eudamonia tour in 2016 with Doherty joining the band on stage. Other supports during this time included Fat White Family and Beach Slang, with several members of Senseless Things and Deadcuts joining Beach Slang on stage during their encore.
Deadcuts collaborated with New York hip hop group Flatbush Zombies on the track "Aries", in November 2016 and the track was also used in the Marvel Comics Black Panther: A Nation Under Our Feet series.
Aaron Scars replaced Joseph Johns on bass in early 2017. The band toured in 2017 with former Tommy Stinson of The Replacements band, Bash & Pop, as well as supporting The Libertines in Brighton. Cass Browne went on extended leave from the band in July 2017.
In February 2018, the band released their second album, Hit On All Sixxes, which received rave reviews from Classic Rock, Mojo, Louder than war, Gigwise and more. Although it had been completed a year earlier, its release was held up for various reasons. The album featured guest appearances by John Perry (The Only Ones), Charlotte Glasson, Morgan Nicholls (Muse, Senseless Things) and Raven Bush.
This followed a series of performances where Deadcuts supported Christian Death at Camden Underworld in April 2018 and Killing Joke at Nottingham Rock City in November 2018, where producer and Killing Joke bassist Martin "Youth" Glover watched their performance and was impressed enough to offer to mix their next album. Recordings took place at Konk studios for a third album provisionally titled 'Reveal the Love'. In March 2019, Deadcuts released a split 7-inch vinyl with American post-punk band Damien Done through Speedowax Records.
Mark Keds died on 10 January 2021.

## Selected discography
### Albums

* Dark is the Night (2014)
* Hit on All Sixxes (2018)
# 2015 Kandahar airport attack

vteWar in Afghanistan (2001–2021) :
Several militants penetrated the security of Kandahar Airfield on Tuesday, 8 December 2015, barricading themselves in an old school building, and sparking a battle with Afghan soldiers that lasted for many hours. The Afghan Defense Ministry stated that 50 civilians and members of the security forces had been killed, along with 11 attackers, while at least 35 people were injured. The Taliban claimed responsibility. The attack was co-ordinated just hours after a "Message to Obama" was posted on a video site by the Taliban, warning U.S. troops of upcoming attack.
# Fár

Fár (sometimes translated as English: Intrusion) is a 2023 Icelandic short film directed by Gunnur Martinsdóttir Schlüter. At the 2023 Cannes Film Festival, Fár was nominated for Short Film Palme d'Or and won the Special Mention.
# Declan Meehan (Gaelic footballer)

Declan Meehan (born 16 January 1976) is an Irish Gaelic footballer from County Galway, Ireland. He plays his club football with Caltra and played inter-county football for the Galway team from 1996 to 2011. He was regarded as one of the most talented and skillful wing half-backs in the country.

## Playing career
### Club

In 2004, Meehan was part of the Caltra team that had a memorable run to All-Ireland Club Championship glory. After coming through the Galway and Connacht club finals, which first time triumphs for the club, Caltra met An Ghaeltacht of Munster. In a close exciting encounter, Caltra prevailed by one point, 0–13 to 0–12. His brothers, Michael, Tomás, Enda and Noel, who captained the team, were all starting players on the team.

### Inter-county

He won All-Ireland Senior Football Championship medals with Galway in 1998 and 2001, he also won 6 Connacht Senior Football Championship medals. As well as an All Ireland medal in 2001 he also won a second All Star in a row and was named Player of the Year. He was part of the Ireland international rules team in 2002.
In January 2011, Meehan announced his retirement from inter-county football.

## Biography

He attended the famous St. Jarlath's College and won a Hogan Cup medal with them in 1994.
He comes from a famous footballing family in Galway. His brother Tomás also played in the All Ireland wins in 1998 and 2001, and his youngest brother Michael also played for the Galway senior team. The passion of football in the Meehan family was clearly evident when 5 brothers started on the successful All-Ireland Club Championship Caltra side while eldest brother Seamus was a sub on that day. Declan's sister, Mairead, was a sporting star in her own right. She was a very useful camogie player. A teacher who graduated from DCU, she gained an All-Ireland junior camogie medal with Holy Rosary College. Mairead died in 2007 from osteosarcoma.