OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Victory (Do or Die album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Encyclopedia of Popular Music | |
| RapReviews | 6/10 |
Victory is the third studio album by American hip hop group Do or Die. It was released on March 14, 2000, via Rap-A-Lot Records. Recording sessions took place at Hippie House Studios and Knock Hard Studio in Houston, at Sound On Sound and Soundtrack Studios in New York, at Creator's Way Studios and Darkside Recordings in Chicago, at Right Track Studios in Los Angeles, and at Enterprise Studios in Burbank. Production was handled by Mr. Lee, Day Rock, Irv Gotti, JB Money, Mike Dean, Mike Dunn, The Legendary Traxster, and member A.K. It features guest appearances from Snypaz, Feloney, Hussein Fatal, Ja Rule, Johnny P. and Mo Unique. The album peaked at number 13 on the Billboard 200 and number 4 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums in the United States.

## Personnel

* Dennis "AK47" Round – vocals, producer (tracks: 2–4, 7, 9, 10, 12, 17)
* Anthony "N.A.R.D." Round – vocals
* Darnell "Belo Zero" Smith – vocals
* Charles "Chilla" Paxton – vocals (tracks: 2, 13)
* Iren "2-4" Moore – vocals (track 2)
* John "Johnny P" Pigram – vocals (track 4)
* Monique Moy – vocals (track 9)
* Feloney Davis – vocals (track 10)
* Jeffrey "Ja Rule" Atkins – vocals (track 14)
* Bruce "Hussein Fatal" Washington – vocals (track 15)
* Tony Redd – additional vocals (track 4)
* Casey Abernathy – additional vocals (track 9)
* Swing – additional vocals (track 10)
* Malcolm "E.D.I." Greenidge – additional vocals (track 16)
* Rufus "Young Noble" Cooper III – additional vocals (track 16)
* Earl "E-40" Stevens – additional vocals (track 17)
* Leroy "Mr. Lee" Williams Jr. – producer (tracks: 1–3, 5, 7, 8, 13, 15, 16), engineering
* Derek Wayne "Day Rock" Bass – producer (tracks: 4, 9)
* Mike Dunn – producer (track 10)
* Irving "Irv Gotti" Lorenzo – producer (tracks: 11, 14)
* Samuel "The Legendary Traxster" Lindley – producer (track 12), mixing
* Joe "J.B. Money" Bythewood – producer (track 14)
* Mike Dean – producer (track 17)
* Micah Harrison – engineering
* Mike Hengeli – engineering
* Ryan Smith – engineering
* Bryan Stanley – mixing
* Pat Viala – mixing
* Tom Coyne – mastering
* James A. Smith – executive producer
* Jeff Battson – artwork, design, layout
* Michael Benabib – photography
* Anzel "Red Boy" Jennings – A&R
* Tony "Big Chief" Randle – A&R
* Brian Leach – A&R
* Jesse Jones – A&R
* Ray Gregory – A&R

## Charts

| Chart (2000) | Peak position |
| US Billboard 200 | 13 |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (Billboard) | 4 |
# 1984 in Estonian television

This is a list of Estonian television related events from 1984.

## Births

* 6 January - Priit Loog, actor
* 6 February - Piret Järvis, singer, guitarist, and TV host
* 14 July- Britta Soll, actress
# 1974 in Swedish television

This is a list of Swedish television related events from 1974.

## Events

* 6 April - Sweden wins the 19th Eurovision Song Contest in Brighton, United Kingdom. The winning song is "Waterloo", performed by ABBA. The year marks the first time the contest was won by a group.

## Television shows

* 1–24 December - Rulle på Rullseröd

### 1960s

* Hylands hörna (1962-1983)

### 1970s

* Hem till byn (1971-2006)

## Births

* 24 February - David Hellenius, comedian & TV host
* 9 December - Peter Magnusson, comedian & actor
# Dingcheng, Changde

Dingcheng District (simplified Chinese: 鼎城区; traditional Chinese: 鼎城區; pinyin: Dǐngchéng Qū) is one of two urban districts in Changde City, Hunan Province, China; it is also the 2nd most populous district (after Heshan District) in Hunan. The district is bordered to the north by Anxiang County, Jinshi City and Linli County, to the west by Taoyuan County, to the north by Anhua and Taojiang Counties, and to the east by Hanshou County. Wuling District is in the central west of Dingcheng District. Dingcheng is the largest district by population or by area in Hunan, covering an area of 2,322.5 kilometres (1,443.1 mi) with a registered population of 764,700 (as of 2015). It is divided into four subdistricts, 19 towns and one township, and its government seat is Hongyun Subdistrict (红云街道).

## Administrative divisions

Dingcheng has 5 subdistricts, 17 towns and 1 township under its jurisdictions.

### 5 subdistricts

* Yuxia Subdistrict (玉霞街道)
* Hongyun Subdistrict (红云街道)
* Guojiapu Subdistrict (郭家铺街道)
* Doumuhu Subdistrict (斗姆湖街道)
* Guanxi Subdistrict (灌溪街道)

### 17 towns

* Haozigang (蒿子港镇)
* Zhonghekou (中河口镇)
* Shimeitang (十美堂镇)
* Niubitan (牛鼻滩镇)
* Hangongdu (韩公渡镇)
* Shigongqiao (石公桥镇)
* Zhendeqiao (镇德桥镇)
* Zhoujiadian (周家店镇)
* Shuangqiaoping (双桥坪镇)
* Caijiagang (蔡家岗镇)
* Caoping, Changde (草坪镇)
* Shimenqiao (石门桥镇)
* Xiejiapu (谢家铺镇)
* Huangtudian (黄土店镇)
* Yaotianping (尧天坪镇)
* Shibantan (石板滩镇)
* Huayanxi (花岩溪镇)

### 1 township

* Xujiaqiao Hui and Uyghur Ethnic Township (许家桥回族维吾尔族乡)
# 2009 in Belgian television

This is a list of Belgian television related events from 2009.

## Television shows
### 1990s

* Samson en Gert (1990–present)
* Familie (1991–present)
* Thuis (1995–present)

### 2000s

* Idool (2003-2011)
* Mega Mindy (2006–present)
* Sterren op de Dansvloer (2006–2013)

## Networks and services
### Launches

| Network | Type | Launch date | Notes | Source |
| Acht | Cable and satellite | 18 May | | |
| VTM Kids | Cable and satellite | 1 October | | |

### Closures
## Births
## Deaths

| Date | Name | Age | Cinematic Credibility |
| 9 October | Dré Steemans | 55 | Belgian TV host |
# 1973 in Belgian television

This is a list of Belgian television related events from 1973.

## Events

* 25 February - Nicole & Hugo are selected to represent Belgium at the 1973 Eurovision Song Contest with their song "Baby, Baby". They are selected to be the eighteenth Belgian Eurovision entry during Eurosong.

## Networks and services
### Launches

| Network | Type | Launch date | Notes | Source |
| [] | Cable and satellite | | | |

### Conversions and rebrandings

| Old network name | New network name | Type | Conversion Date | Notes | Source |
| | | Cable and satellite | | | |

### Closures

| Network | Type | End date | Notes | Sources |
| [] | Cable and satellite | | | |

## Births

* 12 January - Tania Kloek, actress
* 22 February - Sandrine André, actress
* 19 March - Deborah Ostrega, TV host, actress & singer
* 13 August - Britt Van Der Borght, actress & singer
# 2003 in Swedish television

This is a list of Swedish television related events from 2003.

## Events

* 20 April - Anders Johansson wins the second season of Fame Factory.
* 11 May - Danne Sörensen wins season 3 of Big Brother Sverige, becoming the show's first male winner.

## Television shows

* 1-24 December - Håkan Bråkan

### 2000s

* Big Brother Sverige (2000-2004, 2011-2012)
* Fame Factory (2002-2005)

## Networks and services
### Launches

| Network | Type | Launch date | Notes | Source |
| Disney Channel | Cable television | 28 February | | |
| TV4 Plus | Cable television | 9 March | | |

### Conversions and rebrandings

| Old network name | New network name | Type | Conversion Date | Notes | Source |
| | | Cable television | Unknown | | |

### Closures

| Network | Type | End date | Notes | Sources |
| [] | Cable and satellite | | | |

## Deaths

| Date | Name | Age | Cinematic Credibility |
| 24 January | Jeanette von Heidenstam | 79 | Swedish TV host & producer |
| 13 March | Johan Sandström | 62 | Swedish producer & TV host |
# 1995 in Belgian television

This is a list of Belgian television related events from 1995.

## Events

* 12 March - Frédéric Etherlinck is selected to represent Belgium at the 1995 Eurovision Song Contest with his song "La voix est libre". He is selected to be the thirty-ninth Belgian Eurovision entry during Eurosong held at the RTBF Studios in Brussels.
* 22 September - The seventh season of VTM Soundmixshow is won by George Darmoise, performing as Tom Jones.

## Debuts

* 23 December - Thuis (1995–present)

## Television shows
### 1990s

* Jambers
* Samson en Gert (1990–present)
* Familie (1991–present)
* Wittekerke (1993-2008)

## Ending this year

* VTM Soundmixshow (1989-1995, 1997-2000)

## Networks and services
### Launches

| Network | Type | Launch date | Notes | Source |
| Ka2 | Cable and satellite | 31 January | | |
| RTL Club | Cable and satellite | 15 February | | |
# 1993 in Swedish television

This is a list of Swedish television related events from 1993.

## Events

* 14 January - British children's animated series Postman Pat begins its very first airing in Sweden on TV4.

## Debuts
### Domestic

* 16 November - Morsarvet (1993) (STV)
* 1 December - Tomtemaskinen (1993) (SVT1)

### International

* 14 January - Postman Pat (1981, 1991–1992, 1995, 1997, 2004-2008) (TV4)
* 3 September - Darkwing Duck (1991-1992) (STV)
* The Bluffers (1986) (TV4)

## Networks and services
### Launches

| Network | Type | Launch date |
| K-T.V. | Cable television | Unknown |
| Cartoon Network | Cable television | 17 September |
| Turner Classic Movies | Cable television | 17 September |

### Conversions and rebrandings

| Old network name | New network name | Type | Conversion Date | Notes | Source |
| Discovery Travel & Living | TLC | 2 December | Cable television | | |

### Closures

| Network | Type | End date | Notes | Sources |
| ZTV | Cable television | 1 August | | |

## Deaths

| Date | Name | Age | Cinematic Credibility |
| 15 March | Lennart Hyland | 73 | Swedish TV host & journalist |
# 1976 in Belgian television

This is a list of Belgian television related events from 1976.

## Events

* 21 January - Pierre Rapsat is selected to represent Belgium at the 1976 Eurovision Song Contest with his song "Judy et Cie". He is selected to be the twenty-first Belgian Eurovision entry during Eurosong.

## Networks and services
### Launches

| Network | Type | Launch date | Notes | Source |
| [] | Cable and satellite | | | |

### Conversions and rebrandings

| Old network name | New network name | Type | Conversion Date | Notes | Source |
| | | Cable and satellite | | | |

### Closures

| Network | Type | End date | Notes | Sources |
| [] | Cable and satellite | | | |

## Births

* 29 October - Ann Van den Broeck, actress & singer
* 2 December - Roel Vanderstukken, actor & singer

## Deaths

* This Belgian television-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e
# Zdeněk Pospěch

Zdeněk Pospěch (Czech pronunciation:; born 14 December 1978) is a Czech former professional footballer. He normally played as a defender in a right back position, but could also play on the right side of midfield.
Pospěch spent much of his early professional career in the Czech Republic before moving abroad to play for Danish club F.C. Copenhagen in 2008, and German club Mainz three years later. He also represented the Czech Republic national football team at UEFA Euro 2008.

## Club career

Pospěch started his professional career in SFC Opava. After two loan-out deals to FK Dukla Hranice and Fotbal Třinec he moved to FC Baník Ostrava in 2001. After four years in Ostrava, he moved on to Sparta Prague. In 2005, he made his national team debut in a friendly match against Sweden.
On 23 January 2008, his €1.9 million move to Danish F.C. Copenhagen were announced. Here he joined his friend Libor Sionko.
In the 2010–11 UEFA Champions League, Pospěch was named in UEFA's "Team of the week".
He signed for Bundesliga side 1. FSV Mainz 05 on a two-year-contract on 28 February 2011 and joined after the 2010–11 season when his contract with Copenhagen expired.
In July 2014 he returned to SFC Opava which played in the Czech second division and where he started with professional football.

## International career

On 17 August 2005, Pospech made his debut in the senior team of the Czech Republic, as he played one half of the match in a 1–2 defeat against Sweden. In October 2007, he made his third appearances for the national team starting in a 3–0 win at the Allianz Arena against Germany in qualifying for Euro 2008. With the win against the already qualified German team, the Czech Republic had also qualified to compete in the European Championships and won the championship lead, which no longer blazes the team until the end of the qualification, which was synonymous with the group winners. In May 2008 Pospech was nominated together with Libor Sionko (also standing at this time F.C. Copenhagen under contract) in the squad for Euro 2008. However, he came in this tournament to no use.
In the qualifying matches for the 2010 World Cup he played seven times scoring one goal, while the team failed to qualify for the World Cup.
To March 2011 Pospech before played in all games in qualifying for Euro 2012, before then in August of that year with the Czech team in a friendly match in Oslo against Norway 0–3 loss, but the team is one of the worst performances showed in recent years. He was then replaced by Theodor Gebre Selassie from the starting line and Pospech played only four times in the remaining six games in the 2011 calendar year. On 15 November 2011, Pospech played for the last time for the senior team of the Czech Republic, as he came on the pitch in the second leg of the European Championship qualification Barrage against Montenegro.

## Honours

* Gambrinus liga: 2003–04, 2006–07
* Czech Cup: 2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08
* Danish Superliga: 2008–09, 2009–10, 2010–11
* Danish Cup: 2008–09
# Nossa Senhora de Nazaré, Piauí

Nossa Senhora de Nazaré is a municipality in the state of Piauí in the Northeast region of Brazil.
# Kelmans–Seymour conjecture

In graph theory, the Kelmans–Seymour conjecture states that every 5-vertex-connected graph that is not planar contains a subdivision of the 5-vertex complete graph K$_5$. It is named for Paul Seymour and Alexander Kelmans, who independently described the conjecture; Seymour in 1977 and Kelmans in 1979. A proof was announced in 2016, and published in four papers in 2020.

## Formulation

A graph is 5-vertex-connected when there are no five vertices that removed leave a disconnected graph. The complete graph is a graph with an edge between every five vertices, and a subdivision of a complete graph modifies this by replacing some of its edges by longer paths. So a graph G contains a subdivision of K$_5$ if it is possible to pick out five vertices of G, and a set of ten paths connecting these five vertices in pairs without any of the paths sharing vertices or edges with each other.
In any drawing of the graph on the Euclidean plane, at least two of the ten paths must cross each other, so a graph G that contains a K$_5$ subdivision cannot be a planar graph. In the other direction, by Kuratowski's theorem, a graph that is not planar necessarily contains a subdivision of either K$_5$ or of the complete bipartite graph K$_{3,3}$. The Kelmans–Seymour conjecture refines this theorem by providing a condition under which only one of these two subdivisions, the subdivision of K$_5$, can be guaranteed to exist. It states that, if a non-planar graph is 5-vertex-connected, then it contains a subdivision of K$_5$.

## Related results

A related result, Wagner's theorem, states that every 4-vertex-connected nonplanar graph contains a copy of K$_5$ as a graph minor. One way of restating this result is that, in these graphs, it is always possible to perform a sequence of edge contraction operations so that the resulting graph contains a K$_5$ subdivision. The Kelmans–Seymour conjecture states that, with a higher order of connectivity, these contractions are not required.
An earlier conjecture of Gabriel Andrew Dirac (1964), proven in 2001 by Wolfgang Mader, states that every n-vertex graph with at least 3n − 5 edges contains a subdivision of K$_5$. Because planar graphs have at most 3n − 6 edges, the graphs with at least 3n − 5 edges must be nonplanar. However, they need not be 5-connected, and 5-connected graphs can have as few as 2.5n edges.

## Claimed proof

In 2016, a proof of the Kelmans–Seymour conjecture was claimed by Xingxing Yu of the Georgia Institute of Technology and his Ph.D. students Dawei He and Yan Wang. A sequence four papers proving this conjecture appeared in Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series B.
# George Kelso

George Young Kelso was an American politician. He was delegate at Louisiana’s 1868 constitutional convention and state senator in Louisiana from 1868 to 1876. He was a “colored”, “radical” Republican.

## Biography

George Young Kelso lived in Rapides Parish, Louisiana. He gave a statement about voter suppression in 1872. He attended an 1873 "colored convention" in Louisiana. He was part of a Republican parish convention.
Eric Foner documented him as an editor and co-owner of the Louisianan newspaper in New Orleans and as an employee of the custom house in New Orleans who faced the violence during the 1876 election campaign.
# Betty Mahmoody

Betty Mahmoody (née Lover; born June 9, 1945) is an American author and public speaker best known for her book, Not Without My Daughter, which was subsequently made into a film of the same name. She is the President and co-founder of One World: For Children, an organization that promotes understanding between cultures and strives to offer security and protection to children of bi-cultural marriages.

## Not Without My Daughter

Her book, Not Without My Daughter, is an account of her experiences in 1984–1986 when she left Alpena, Michigan to go to Iran with her husband and daughter for what she was promised would be a short visit. Once there, she and her daughter were held against their will. The book was made into a 1991 film starring Sally Field as Betty.
According to the book, she and her husband, Sayyed Bozorg “Moody” Mahmoody, and their daughter, Mahtob Mahmoody, traveled to Iran in August 1984 for what her husband said would be a two-week visit with his family in Tehran. Once the two weeks were over, however, he refused to allow his wife and child to leave. When she protested, Moody struck Betty. It was the first time Mahtob had seen her father hit her mother. After Moody broke the news to Betty, she got extremely sick with dysentery. Mahtob sat at her side day after day, watching her fade in and out of consciousness. Betty asked Mahtob to make sure Moody, a medical doctor, didn’t give her an injection as she feared it may have been lethal. Mahtob sat there and made sure her mother was safe. Betty was trapped in a nation hostile to Americans, with in-laws who were hostile to her, and an abusive husband. According to the book, her husband separated her from her daughter for weeks on end. He also assaulted her and threatened to kill her if she tried to leave.
She eventually escaped with her daughter. The book details her 500 miles (800 km) escape over the snowy Zagros Mountains into Turkey, and the help she received from many Iranians. These claims, however, have not been verified by any resources. After returning to the USA in 1986, she filed for divorce.

## Other books

Mahmoody compiled stories of other parents whose foreign spouses estranged them from their children in the book For the Love of a Child (1992).

## Personal life

Mahmoody is a devout member of the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod like her daughter Mahtob. In 1992 she was inducted into Omicron Delta Kappa, the National Leadership Honor Society, by Ferris State University as an honoris causa initiate.
She has two sons from a previous marriage, Joseph and John, who are 13 and nine years older than Mahtob, respectively.
# Alexander Chervyakov

Alexander Grigoryevich Chervyakov (Aliaksandr Charviakou, Belarusian: Аляксандр Рыгоравіч Чарвякоў, Aliaksandr Ryhoravič Čarviakoŭ Russian: Александр Григорьевич Червяков, Aleksandr Grigor'evič Červjakov; 25 February 1892 — 16 June 1937) was a Soviet Politician and revolutionary and one of the founders of the Communist Party of Byelorussia, who eventually became the leader of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic. Chervyakov became the first chairman of the Belarusian Sovnarkom and in 1918 was appointed as a narkom of Belnatskom (Belarusian Nationality Committee) that was established in the Russian Narkomnat on Nationalities headed by Joseph Stalin.
He is considered an “engine” of the policy of Belarusisation in the 1920s, working to establish a Belarusian national university, preserve cultural artefacts and protect historical monuments.
Born at Dukorki in 1892, he joined the Bolshevik Party in May 1917 and began to gain power quickly. He was appointed chairman of the Military Revolutionary Committee of Minsk in 1920, and because of that position, was involved in the creation of the Soviet Union. He was elected as one of the first four Chairmen of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on 30 December 1922 when the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was formed. He held that position until he was accused of “anti-Soviet activities” and killed himself on 16 June 1937 in order to avoid Stalin's Great Purge. He was posthumously exonerated during the Khrushchev Thaw in 1957.
# Kakolak

Kakolak (Persian: كاكلك) is a village in Howmeh Rural District of the Central District in Shahrekord County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Ethnicity

The village is populated by Turkic people.

### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 675 in 193 households. The following census in 2011 counted 581 people in 188 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 490 people in 167 households.
# 1806 in Norway

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
Events in the year 1806 in Norway.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Christian VII.

## Events

* The first Norwegian assurance associations for ships were established.

## Births

* 2 February – Bersvend Martinussen Røkkum, politician (d.1867)
* 2 March – Carl Andreas Fougstad, politician (d.1871)
* 7 August – Tellef Dahll Schweigaard, politician (d.1886)
* 15 November – Hans Severin Arentz, politician (d.1875)

### Full date unknown

* Hans J. C. Aall, politician (d.1894)
* Peder Paulsen Anzjøn, politician
* Peter Munch Brager, priest and politician
* Daniel Otto Isaachsen, businessperson and politician (d.1891)
* Jacob Tostrup, goldsmith and jeweller (d.1890)

## Deaths
### Full date unknown

* Ole Rødder, violinist (b.1743).
# Samuel Parker

Samuel Parker may refer to:

## Clergy

* Samuel Parker (bishop of Oxford) (1640–1688), English bishop and theologian
* Samuel Parker (bishop of Massachusetts) (1744–1804), Episcopal bishop of Massachusetts, United States
* Samuel Parker (missionary) (1779–1866), missionary in Oregon Country from New York, United States

## Politicians

* Samuel Parker (Hawaii politician) (1853–1920), heir to the Parker Ranch estate and politician in Hawaii
* Samuel Parker (Oregon politician) (1806–1886), pioneer and politician in the Oregon Territory, United States
* Samuel W. Parker (1805–1859), American politician from Indiana

## Sportspeople

* Samuel Parker (footballer) (1872–?), Scottish footballer
* Sam Parker (footballer) (born 2006), Welsh football midfielder
* Samuel Parker (wrestler) (1931–2023), Australian Olympic wrestler
* Sam Y. Parker (1880–1906), American college football and baseball player

## Others

* Sam Parker, African American research assistant to Joseph Henry at Princeton University
* Samuel Parker (writer) (1681–1730), English writer and publisher
* Samuel D. Parker (attorney) (1781–1873), American attorney who served as district attorney of Suffolk County, Massachusetts
* Samuel D. Parker (soldier) (1868–1953), American militia officer in the Massachusetts Volunteer Militia and the State Guard of Massachusetts
* Samuel Hale Parker (1781–1864), American music publisher
* Samuel I. Parker (1891–1975), United States Army officer and Medal of Honor recipient
* Sam Parker, radio announcer and voice actor; the voice of Gulliver in the 1939 film Gulliver's Travels

## Fictional

* Sam Parker, character in the 1915 film After Five