OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Demyan Korotchenko

Demyan (Demian) Serhiyovych Korotchenko (29 November 1894 – 7 April 1969) was a Ukrainian Soviet politician who twice served as the head of government of the Ukrainian SSR (the equivalent of today's Prime Minister).

## Biography

Demyan Korotchenko was born in to a peasant family in a small village that today is in Sumy Oblast, eastern Ukraine. He joined the Russian Communist Party (b) in 1918 and became active in organising Red Army detachments. He was a minor party official in Ukraine during the 1920s, until 1928, when the boss of the Ukrainian communist party, Lazar Kaganovich, was recalled and put in charge of the Moscow party regional communist party, Korotchenko was also transferred to take a two course, before being made chairman of the local soviet in the Bauman district of Moscow, where Nikita Khrushchev was the district party secretary. In 1935, he succeeded Khrushchev as the district party secretary. He achieved rapid promotion during the Great Purge, becoming First Secretary of the communist party in the Western Oblast, based in Smolensk, after the previous first secretary had been arrested. In 1938, when Khrushchev took over as party boss in Ukraine, Korotchenko was appointed First Secretary of the Dnipropetrovsk regional party committee, and then Chairman of the Ukrainian Council of Ministers. He helped organise partisan resistance when Ukraine was under German occupation in 1941-44. In July 1946, he was appointed a secretary of the party, but reverted to his former post as head of the Ukrainian government in December 1947. From January 1954, he held the largely ceremonial post Chairman of the Ukrainian Supreme Soviet, ie 'President' of Ukraine until his death.

## Personality

Khrushchev's biographer, William Taubman, described Korotchenko as a "classic yes-man". Reportedly, "Silence was his trump card. He would wait until (Khrushchev) made some sort of proposal, and then say: "Yes, yes, of course, that's exactly right."

## Awards

* Hero of Socialist Labour (1964)
* Six Orders of Lenin
* Order of Suvorov, 1st class
* Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class
# Guy Branum

Guy Branum (/ˈbrænəm/) (born November 12, 1975) is an American actor, comedian, and writer. Some first knew him through his work as a regular panelist on Chelsea Lately on the E! network and the head writer and a sketch performer on X-Play on the G4 network. He used to host the podcast Pop Rocket on the Maximum Fun network and hosted TruTV's Talk Show the Game Show. He co-starred in the movie Bros.

## Early life

Branum was born and raised in Yuba City, California to a Protestant father and Jewish mother. He attended the University of California, Berkeley from 1994 to 1998 where he was a history and political science major. He wrote a column for the Daily Californian, one of which brought the United States Secret Service to his apartment in November 1997 before the Big Game between Berkeley and Stanford University, in which the Associated Press misquoted parts of his article, suggesting that he made suggestions that Berkeley students murder Stanford freshman Chelsea Clinton.
He then moved to Minnesota, where he attended the University of Minnesota Law School, and was on the school's Quiz Bowl team that placed third at CBI nationals in 1999. During his time in law school, he publicly came out as gay. After graduating, he returned to California.

## Career

After being recommended by co-hostess Laura Swisher, Branum was hired as a writer for Unscrewed with Martin Sargent while it was still on TechTV in San Francisco. On Unscrewed, he regularly appeared as a sweater model and as The Ambassador of Gay. He was also a writer and producer on G4tv.com, and head writer on the G4 channel program X-Play. He also contributed to the comedy podcast Weezy and the Swish. In December 2007, Branum became a writer and an onscreen comedy performer on Chelsea Lately. He made his feature film debut in January 2011 in No Strings Attached. In 2012 Branum became a writer for the show Totally Biased with W. Kamau Bell, performing a recurring segment "No More Mr. Nice Gay." He appeared in the eighth season of Last Comic Standing. In 2017, Branum performed at the inaugural Portland Queer Comedy Festival.
He was the host and executive producer of Talk Show The Game Show on TruTV, which was canceled in November 2018.
He was the regular host of Pop Rocket, a podcast that dissects popular culture, on the Maximum Fun network, which was cancelled in May 2019.
His book My Life As A Goddess: A Memoir Through (Un)Popular Culture was published in 2018 with a foreword by Mindy Kaling.
He is a frequent guest on the podcasts Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me! and Doug Loves Movies with Doug Benson.
Branum released his first comedy album, Effable, in 2015 on Aspecialthing Records.
# Pliny's Comedy and Tragedy villas

Pliny's Comedy and Tragedy villas were two of the several villas owned by Pliny the Younger during the 1st century in the area surrounding Lake Como in northern Italy. In one of Pliny's letters to his boyhood friend Voconius Romanus (Book 9, Epistle 7), he named them as his favourites. In his letter, Pliny wrote that the Tragedy villa was atop a ridge above the lake, but the Comedy villa was right on the water's edge and that "each of them has particular beauties; a diversity which renders them to their master as still more agreeable." According to the letter, Pliny had derived the villas' names from their geographical positions and the conventions of Roman theatre. He saw the Tragedy villa as rising from its setting like an actor wearing the tragedian's high platform boots (cothurni), while the Comedy villa down by the lake wore the lowly comedian's slippers (socculi). Both villas have long since vanished, and their exact locations remain a subject of speculation.
Although the Tragedy villa is widely assumed to have been located in Bellagio somewhere on the estate of the present-day Villa Serbelloni, no architectural remains have ever been found. It is even less clear where the Comedy villa was situated. The 16th-century historian Paolo Giovio thought that it was at Lenno facing the Tragedy villa but that its remains were now underwater. The Flemish geographer Abraham Ortelius, Giovio's younger contemporary, also wrote that Lenno was the site of the Comedy villa. However, in 1876, a Roman mosaic floor and many Roman coins were found in Lierna, another small town on Lake Como. Many there now think that the mosaic floor may have been part of the Comedy villa. In the early 1900s the French geographer Élisée Reclus had described Lierna as the site of a Pliny villa, although he did not specify which one.
In 1751 John Boyle, 5th Earl of Orrery, a close friend of Alexander Pope, published an English translation of Pliny's letters. The letter to Voconius Romanus describing the Comedy and Tragedy villas was illustrated with an imagined depiction of the Comedy villa by Samuel Wale. According to the architectural historian Pierre de la Ruffinière du Prey, the villa in Wale's drawing bears a noticeable resemblance to Pope's villa on the River Thames. Pliny's own description of the Comedy villa mentioned that its terrace was gently curved like the bay on which it stood. He could fish directly from his bedroom window and likened lying in his bed to lying in a fishing boat on the lake.
# Islam in the Cayman Islands

Islam in the Cayman Islands is a minority religion.

## History

Muslims have been living on the islands since early 1980s. Jumu'ah were held in one of the Muslim's apartment. However, it was soon discontinued once the Muslim moved abroad. In 1992, the prayer resumed at the other Muslims' house.

## Mosque

The islands do not have an established Mosque, however, there are public halls set aside for worship and religious events. Because the Muslim population is so small (121 person or 0.17% out of population of 71,105), the community is more close-knit and will gather at a friend’s home for worship if there are no available halls. The Islamic Society of the Cayman Islands was also established to reach out to fellow Muslims in the country and provide a place for free and safe worship.

## Notable Muslims

* Anwar Choudhury, Governor of the Cayman Islands (2018)
# Kalua, Maheshtala

Kalua is a census town in the Thakurpukur Maheshtala CD block in the Alipore Sadar subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

## Geography

Kalua is located at 22°27′15″N 88°18′45″E﻿ / ﻿22.4541°N 88.3124°E﻿ / 22.4541; 88.3124. It has an average elevation of 9 metres (30 ft).
Hanspukuria, Joka, Kalua and Ramchandrapur form a cluster of census towns bordering areas of Kolkata Municipal Corporation, as per map of Thakurpukur Maheshtala CD block on page 153 of District Census Handbook 2011 for South 24 Parganas. Since publication of this map Joka I and Joka II gram panchayats have been added to Kolkata Municipal Corporation area.

## Demographics

As per the 2011 Census of India, Kalua had a total population of 15,735, of which 7,715 (49%) were males and 8,020 (51%) were females. Population below 6 years was 1,312. The total number of literates in Kalua was 12,665 (87.81% of the population over 6 years).

## Infrastructure

As per the District Census Handbook 2011, Kalua covered an area of 1.8009 km$^2$. Majerhat railway station is 8 km away. Among the civic amenities it had , the source of protected water supply was service reservoir and borewell tank. It had 3,000 domestic electric connections and 15 road light points. Among the medical facilities it had were a hospital 1 km away, a dispensary/ health centre 1 km away, a nursing home 3 km away and 8 medicine shops. Among the educational facilities It had were 4 primary schools, the nearest middle school, secondary school, senior secondary school were at Joka 2 km away and the nearest general degree college was at Thakurpukur 3 km away. It had 1 recognised typewriting, shorthand and vocational training institute. Among the social, cultural and recreational facilities, the nearest cinema theatre, auditoriums/ community halls, library and reading room were available at Behala 2 km away. Among the important commodities manufactured were grills and chowmein.

## Transport

Kalua is on the National Highway 12.
Majerhat railway station is located nearby.

## Healthcare

Sarsuna Block Primary Health Centre, with 15 beds, at Sarsuna, is the major government medical facility in the Thakurpukur Maheshtala CD block.
# Murashige and Skoog medium

Murashige and Skoog medium (or MSO or MS0 (MS-zero)) is the most popular plant growth medium used in the laboratories worldwide for cultivation of plant cell culture on agar.
MS0 was invented by plant scientists Toshio Murashige and Folke K. Skoog in 1962 during Murashige's search for a new plant growth regulator. A number behind the letters MS is used to indicate the sucrose concentration of the medium. For example, MS0 contains no sucrose and MS20 contains 20 g/L sucrose. Along with its modifications, it is the most commonly used medium in plant tissue culture experiments in the laboratory.
As Skoog's doctoral student, Murashige originally set out to find an as-yet undiscovered growth hormone present in tobacco juice. No such component was discovered; instead, analysis of juiced tobacco and ashed tobacco revealed higher concentrations of specific minerals in plant tissues than were previously known. A series of experiments demonstrated that varying the levels of these inorganic nutrients enhanced growth substantially over existing formulations. It was determined that nitrogen in particular enhanced growth of tobacco in tissue culture.
According to recent scientific findings, however, MS medium is not suitable as a nutrient solution for deep water culture or hydroponics, and organic compounds are not required for normal plant nutrition.

## Ingredients
### Major salts (macronutrients) per litre

* Ammonium nitrate (NH$_4$NO$_3$) 1650 mg/l
* Calcium chloride (CaCl$_2$ · 2H$_2$O) 440 mg/l
* Magnesium sulfate (MgSO$_4$ · 7H$_2$O) 180.7 mg/l
* Monopotassium phosphate (KH$_2$PO$_4$) 170 mg/l
* Potassium nitrate (KNO$_3$) 1900 mg/l.

### Minor salts (micronutrients) per litre

* Boric acid (H$_3$BO$_3$) 6. 2 mg/l
* Cobalt chloride (CoCl$_2$ · 6H$_2$O) 0.025 mg/l
* Ferrous sulfate (FeSO$_4$ · 7H$_2$O) 27.8 mg/l
* Manganese(II) sulfate (MnSO$_4$ · 4H$_2$O) 22.3 mg/l
* Potassium iodide (KI) 0.83 mg/l
* Sodium molybdate (Na$_2$MoO$_4$ · 2H$_2$O) 0.25 mg/l
* Zinc sulfate (ZnSO$_4$·7H$_2$O) 8.6 mg/l
* Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ferric sodium (FeNaEDTA) 36.70 mg/L
* Copper sulfate (CuSO$_4$ · 5H$_2$O) 0.025 mg/l

### Vitamins and organic compounds per litre

* Myo-Inositol 100 mg/l
* Nicotinic acid 0.5 mg/l
* Pyridoxine · HCl 0.5 mg/l
* Thiamine · HCl 0.1 mg/l
* Glycine 2 mg/l
* Tryptone 1 g/l (optional)
* Indole acetic acid 1-30 mg/l (optional)
* Kinetin 0.04-10 mg/l (optional)
# Sfira

Sfira, also spelled Mrah Es-Sfire (Arabic: مراح السفيرة), is a Sunni Muslim village located in Miniyeh-Danniyeh District, in the North Governorate of Lebanon. In the 2009 elections, it had 4,449 eligible voters. It is bounded on the north by Kfarbnine, on the south by Beit El Faqs, on the west by the mountain of Sfira and on the east by the western Lebanese chain.

## Demographics

In 2014, Muslims made up 62.44% and Christians made up 37.56% of registered voters in Sfira. 62.31% of the voters were Sunni Muslims and 35.43% were Maronite Catholics.
# Sussie 4

Sussie 4 is an electronic music duo from Guadalajara, Mexico, formed in 1998. The band is part of the electronic music scene, mainly in the style of house music. The name comes from the musician and actress Suzi Quatro (4 in Spanish being "cuatro").

## History

Sussie 4 was formed in the summer of 1998 in Guadalajara, Mexico, by music producer César Gudiño (keyboards, synths, program systems) and instrumentalist Odín Parada (guitar, percussion, voice). They began experimenting with a fusion of organic and electronic music. With strong influences in French house, their sound mixes Latin rhythms with jazz and pop in avant-garde ways.
The term which best defines their sound is the one that gives title to their debut album, Música Moderna (modern music), released in 2002 by Nopal Beat/EMI. Music from this album was featured in a number of popular compilations of electronic music and helped the band become known in the electronic music scene throughout Australia, Japan, Germany, Spain, Portugal, Brazil, and other countries worldwide.
In all four of their studio albums, Sussie 4 have collaborated with various well-known Latin singers and artists, such as Denisse Guerrero of Belanova, Ale Sergi of Miranda!, León Larregui of Zoé, Valentina González, and Ely Guerra.

## Studio albums

* Música Moderna (2002)
* Red Album (2006)
* International Sonora (2009)
* Radiolatina (2012)

## Tours

The band has toured with Gus Gus, Bentley Rhythm Ace, Sven Väth, Deep Dish, DJ Hell, and Buscemi. They have participated in collaborative presentations at festivals such as Techno Geist, Vive Latino Union Fest y Playa MTV in Mexico, Rock al Parque in Colombia, and Espárragos in Spain.
# Helen Gardner (art historian)

Helen Gardner (1878–1946) was an American art historian and educator. Her Art Through the Ages remains a standard text for American art history classes.

## Biography

Gardner was born in Manchester, New Hampshire and attended school in the Hyde Park neighborhood of Chicago. In 1901 she graduated with a degree in classics from the University of Chicago. After an interval as a teacher, she returned to the same university to study art history, and received a master's degree in 1918. In 1920 she began lecturing at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, where she would spend the rest of her career, with the exception of short appointments at UCLA and the University of Chicago.
In 1919, she became the head of the photograph and lantern-slides department at the Ryerson Library of the Art Institute of Chicago. The next year she started to teach an art history course at the School of the Art Institute. In 1922, she made the choice to resign her position at the library to spare more time for teaching. From the frustration of not being able to find a comprehensive textbook that had a broad enough coverage in art history, she resolved the problem by writing such a book herself, which resulted in a popular art history textbook used for decades, Art Through the Ages.
Her major work, Art Through the Ages (1926), was the first single-volume textbook to cover the entire range of art history from a global perspective. Frequently revised, it remains a standard textbook at American schools and universities. In 1932 she also published Understanding the Arts, an art appreciation text directed toward educators. For both volumes, the analytical drawings were supplied by artist Kathleen Blackshear. In 1936, she published a second edition of Art Through the Ages, with its content expanded.
In 1946, aged 68, she died due to cancer. However, despite her illness before her death, she remained in an advisory capacity at the Art Institute.

## Works

* Art through the Ages: An Introduction to Its History and Significance. New York: Harcourt, Brace. 1926.
* Understanding the Arts. Chicago: Harcourt, Brace. 1932.
# Maria Zankovetska

Maria Kostiantynivna Adasovska (Ukrainian: Марія Костянтинівна Адасовська; 4 August 1854 – 4 October 1934), better known under her pseudonym Maria Zankovetska (Ukrainian: Марія Заньковецька) was a Ukrainian theater actress. Some sources date her birth to 3 August 1860.
In 1922, Zankovetska became the first recipient of the People's Artist of Ukraine (People's Artist of Ukrainian SSR).

## Biography

Maria was born to an impoverished landowner and nobleman, Kostyantyn Adasovsky, and a Chernihiv city resident (burgess) Maria Nefedova, in Zanky, Nizhyn County, Chernihiv Governorate (present-day Nizhyn Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, Ukraine). She had many siblings. Maria was a graduate of the Chernihiv City Female Gymnasium.
In 1876, she first appeared onstage in Nizhyn Theater. Her professional career began on 27 October 1882 at the Yelizavetgrad City Theater (Kropyvnytsky) under the management of Marko Kropyvnytsky. Her first role was Natalka from the Kotlyarevsky play "Natalka Poltavka". Later Maria participated among the most popular and professional Ukrainian troupes of Marko Kropyvnytsky, Mykhailo Starytsky, Mykola Sadovsky, and Panas Saksahansky. Her stage name Zankovetska was derived from the name of the village of her birth. Her repertoire included more than 30 roles. A mezzo-soprano, she sang in Ukrainian folk songs.
Zankovetska was an activist for the opening in Nizhyn of a permanent state theater. In 1918, she organized a people's theater "Ukrainian troupe under the direction of M. Zankovetska", where she played with such actors as Borys Romanytsky, Andriy Rotmyrov, and others. Several plays were set among which were "Natalka Poltavka", "Hetman Doroshenko", and "Aza the Gypsy". Recognizing her stage merits, in June 1918 the Hetman of Ukraine Pavlo Skoropadsky approved the adoption by the Council of Ministers of a resolution on the appointment of a lifetime state pension for Zankovetska.
In 1922, Ukraine triumphantly celebrated the 40th anniversary of Zankovetska's career. She was the first person in Ukraine to whom the government awarded the high title of the People's Artist of the Republic.
Zankovetska died on 4 October 1934. She is buried at Baikove Cemetery in Kyiv.

## List of selected theatrical roles

* 1882 – Natalka ("Natalka Poltavka", Ivan Kotlyarevsky)
* 1882 – Halya ("Nazar Stodolya", Taras Shevchenko)
* 1882 – Tsvirkunka ("Black Sea Sailors", Mykhailo Starytsky)
* 1883 – Olena ("Hlytai or the Spider", Marko Kropyvnytsky)
* 1887 – Kharytyna ("Serf Maiden", Ivan Karpenko-Karyi)
* 1889 – Katrya ("Not Destined", Mykhailo Starytsky)
* 1891 – Aksyusha ("Forest", Alexander Ostrovsky)
* 1892 – Aza ("Aza the Gypsy", Mykhailo Starytsky)
* Ulyana Kvitchyna ("Wedding in Honcharivka")
* Yo ("Loss of Nadiya", Herman Heijermans)

## Filmography

* 1909 – Natalka (Natalka Poltavka)
* 1923 – Mother (Ostap Bandura)
# Jama Mosque (Barbados)

The Jama Mosque or Jumma Mosque is a mosque in Bridgetown, Barbados.

## History

In 1949, a 622 m$^2$ piece of land where the mosque stands today was purchased. The mosque was then constructed by Mohammad Yusuf Degia. The mosque was officially opened on 26 January 1951. In the mid-1980s, the mosque underwent renovation for expansion and completed in the late 1980s.

## Architecture

The mosque is the largest one in the country. It was built using local coral stones and decoration blocks were made with star-shaped design. The green glass windows of the mosque were brought in from Germany. The original mosque building opened in 1951 could accommodate 95 worshippers, but after the 1980s renovation, it now can accommodate up to 528 worshippers.

## Transportation

The mosque is accessible within walking distance east of Port of Bridgetown.
# Phenylisobutylamine

Phenylisobutylamine, also known as α-ethylphenethylamine (AEPEA) or as butanphenamine (B), is a stimulant drug of the phenethylamine and amphetamine families. It is a higher homologue of amphetamine, differing from amphetamine's molecular structure only by the substitution of the methyl group at the alpha position of the side chain with an ethyl group.
Phenylisobutylamine acts as a norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (NDRA) and has been found to produce stimulant-like and reinforcing effects in animals. It shows much lower potency and a greater preference for induction of norepinephrine release compared to dextroamphetamine.
"Phenylisobutylamine" is in fact a chemical misnomer because isobutylamine itself contains a branched chain. The correct name after this style for this class of compound would be "phenylsecbutylamine".

## Derivatives

A number of notable derivatives of phenylisobutylamine are known, including the following:
* N-Methyl-α-ethylphenethylamine (MEPEA)
* N,α-Diethylphenethylamine (DEPEA)
* BDB
* MBDB
* EBDB
* 5-MBPB (5-MABB)
* 6-MBPB (6-MABB)
* 4-CAB (α-Et-PCA)
* 4-MAB (α-Et-4-MA)
* Buphedrone
* N-Ethylbuphedrone
* 3F-NEB
* 4-Methylbuphedrone
* Butylone (βk-MBDB)
* Eutylone (βk-EBDB)
* Dibutylone (βk-DMBDB)
* Ariadne (α-Et-DOM)
* 4C-B (α-Et-DOB)
* 4C-T-2 (α-Et-2C-T-2)
* α-Pyrrolidinobutiophenone (α-PBP)
* MPBP
* MDPBP
Additional derivatives with longer α chains also exist, for instance pentedrone, MBDP, pentylone, MDPV, and hexedrone, as well as others, like mexedrone.
Whereas MDMA is a serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine releasing agent (SNDRA), MBDB appears to be a highly selective serotonin–norepinephrine releasing agent (SNRA) and with significant preference for induction of serotonin release over norepinephrine release.
The phenylisobutylamine counterparts of psychedelic phenethylamines and amphetamines, for instance MBDB (the α-ethyl homologue of MDMA) and Ariadne (the α-ethyl homologue of DOM), show greatly reduced or abolished psychedelic effects in comparison. This has also applied to α-ethyltryptamine (αΕΤ), which is non-hallucinogenic in contrast to α-methyltryptamine (αMT). In the case of Ariadne specifically, it may be due to reduced efficacy in activating the serotonin 5-HT$_{2A}$ receptor.
# Kang Doo-tae

Kang Doo-tae (born 31 July 1958) is a South Korean volleyball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1984 Summer Olympics.
# Canworthy Water

50°41′50″N 4°30′59″W﻿ / ﻿50.69721°N 4.51632°W﻿ / 50.69721; -4.51632
Canworthy Water (Cornish: Boskarn) is a settlement in northeast Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated beside the River Ottery at OS grid ref SX224918 approximately seven miles (11 km) northeast of Camelford.
Canworthy Water is mainly in the civil parish of Warbstow (Detached), with parts north of the River Ottery in Jacobstow civil parish.
The original village of Canworthy (Cornish: Esk) is north of the river Ottery and the more modern, and subsequently larger village, Canworthy Water (Cornish: Dowr Karn) is located on the river.