OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Burnt Prairie, Illinois

Burnt Prairie (formerly known as Liberty) is a village in White County, Illinois, United States. The population was 58 at the 2000 census.

## Geography

Burnt Prairie is located at 38°15′5″N 88°15′28″W﻿ / ﻿38.25139°N 88.25778°W﻿ / 38.25139; -88.25778 (38.251335, -88.257641).
According to the 2010 census, Burnt Prairie has a total area of 0.08 square miles (0.21 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 58 people, 31 households, and 15 families residing in the village. The population density was 728.3 inhabitants per square mile (281.2/km$^2$). There were 43 housing units at an average density of 539.9 per square mile (208.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 100.00% White. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.72% of the population.
There were 31 households, out of which 16.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.2% were married couples living together, 3.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 48.4% were non-families. 41.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 32.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.87 and the average family size was 2.50.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 12.1% under the age of 18, 12.1% from 18 to 24, 20.7% from 25 to 44, 29.3% from 45 to 64, and 25.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 53 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.9 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $18,125, and the median income for a family was $23,750. Males had a median income of $33,750 versus $23,750 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,572. There were 18.2% of families and 28.3% of the population living below the poverty line, including no under eighteens and 33.3% of those over 64.
# Vivian Motzfeldt

Vivian Motzfeldt is a Greenlandic politician who was the speaker of the Inatsisartut, the Parliament of Greenland, and the chairwoman of Siumut. In the fifth cabinet of Kim Kielsen, Motzfeldt was the minister of education, culture, church and foreign affairs.

## Early life and education

Motzfeldt was born on 10 June 1972. At seven years old, she moved to a boarding school in Qaqortoq. Each Christmas, she and her siblings went back to their hometown of Upernaviarsuk, an experimental site for agriculture in southern Greenland. She spent Christmas at her childhood home until she was 17, when she went to the United States on an exchange study. She returned to Greenland to study to be a teacher in Nuuk. From 1998 to 2000, she attended the University of Greenland where she studied cultural and social history of Greenland. She then had a teaching career, first in Nuuk until 2007, and then in Qaqortoq from 2010 to 2014.
# Bruce Chown

Bruce Chown OC MC FRSC (/tʃaʊn/; November 10, 1893 – July 3, 1986) was a Canadian medical doctor who researched the blood factor known as the Rhesus factor and discovered an Rh immune vaccine, Rh gamma globulin, which helps to prevent Erythroblastosis fetalis.
Born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, the son of Havelock Chown and Katherine (Farrell) Chown, he received a B.A. from McGill University in 1914. During World War I, he served in the Canadian Field Artillery and received the Military Cross. After the war, he received his medical degree from the University of Manitoba in 1922. He completed his postgraduate work in pediatrics at Babies' Hospital, Columbia University (1922–1923); Harriet Lane Home, Johns Hopkins University; and Nursery and Child's Hospital, Cornell University (1925–1926), becoming one of only a few trained pediatricians in Canada and the only one in Manitoba.
From 1926 to 1977, he was on the staff of the University of Manitoba. From 1944 to 1977, he was the director of the Rh Laboratory in Winnipeg.
In 1967, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada. In 1968, he received the Gairdner Foundation International Award. In 1970, he was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. In 1995, he was inducted into the Canadian Medical Hall of Fame.
In 1922, he married Gladys Webb. They had four children.
# Thomas H. Tietenberg

Thomas Harry (Tom) Tietenberg (born 21 October 1942) is an American economist and environmentalist, and Emeritus Professor at Colby College, known for his work in the field of resource-based economy.

## Biography

Born in 1942 to Harry Hall and Florence Elaine (Moxley) Tietenberg, Tietenberg obtained his BA in International Affairs at the United States Air Force Academy in 1964. The next year he obtained his MA in Economics from the University of the East. In 1970 he obtained another Msc from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where in 1971 he also obtained his PhD in economics.
After his graduation Tietenberg started his academic career in 1971 as an assistant professor in economics at Williams College. In 1977 he started at Colby College as an Associate Professor in economics, was promoted to Professor in Economics in 1984, and chaired the department of economics from 1985 to 1988 and from 1993 to 1995. Tietenberg was also principal consultant in the field of environmental policy for national and international government agencies and organizations, such as the World Bank, the Inter-American Development Bank and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. He was one of the speakers at the first Earth Summit in Rio in 1992.
In 1987, Tietenberg cofounded the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists (AERE), serving as its President, in the years 1987–1988. In 2010 the Northeastern Agricultural and Resource Economics Association awarded him the Outstanding Public Service Though Economics award.

## Selected publications

* Tietenberg, Thomas H. Emissions trading, an exercise in reforming pollution policy. Resources for the Future, 1985.
* Thomas H. Tietenberg (1988), Environmental and Natural Resource Economics, Scott-Foresman. ISBN 0-673-18945-7.
* Tietenberg, Thomas H., and Lynne Lewis. Environmental economics and policy. New York: Pearson, 2010.
* Thomas H. Tietenberg and Lynne Lewis. Environmental and natural resource economics. Routledge, 2016.

### Articles, a selection

* Tietenberg, Thomas H. "Transferable discharge permits and the control of stationary source air pollution: a survey and synthesis." Land economics 56.4 (1980): 391–416.
* Tietenberg, Thomas H. "Economic instruments for environmental regulation." Oxford Review of Economic Policy 6.1 (1990): 17–33.
# PAM submachine gun

The Pistola Ametralladora (English: "machine gun" or "machine pistol"), often referred to as the PAM submachine gun, was a series of two Argentine submachine guns (the PAM-1 and PAM-2) that were licensed variants of the American M3A1 'Grease Gun'. The main difference between the PAM series and the M3A1 was that the PAM was chambered in 9×19mm Parabellum instead of the M3's .45 ACP. The PAM-1 began production in 1955 and remained in service with the Argentine Armed Forces through the Falklands War and the 90s before being mostly removed from service and sold on the civilian market as a semi-automatic conversion. The PAM-2 was an improved version of the PAM-1 that mostly addressed the inadequate safety originating from the original M3.

## Design

Similar to the American M3 submachine gun, the PAM submachine gun was made entirely of stamped sheet metal. However, instead of the .45 ACP cartridge used in the M3, the PAM used the smaller 9×19mm Parabellum cartridge. This may have also been the reason that the PAM-1 was nearly a pound lighter than the M3. The other notable difference in the PAM was the replacement of the M3's fixed 100y rear sight for a flip-type sight that could be set to 50m or 100m.

## Development and production
### PAM-1

In October 1950, in Rosario, Argentina, members of the Argentine Army (EA) received a demonstration of the M3's capabilities. By 1954, they would acquire a license to produce a copy of the M3A1 at the Fábrica Militar de Armas Portátiles (FMAP) factory in Rosario. However, for unknown reasons this license didn't include instructions or production designs on how to produce the weapon. To get around this hurdle, they enlisted the help of an Italian gunsmith by the name of Eduardo Sustercic who had previously worked in a gun factory in Brescia, Italy. With his assistance they reverse-engineered available designs of the M3A1 to create production drawings for their own use. This first design would become known as the PAM-1.

### PAM-2

In 1961, engineers at FMAP created a design to fix the inadequate safety inherited from the M3A1. Both guns had no way to mechanically disable the trigger, and instead relied on a protrusion on the bottom of the dust cover to lock into place and prevent the gun's bolt from engaging. However, dropping the gun could potentially dent the dust cover and prevent the safety from engaging entirely, causing multiple fatalities and injuries during the M3's service in the U.S. Army. The solution implemented on the new PAM variant (the PAM-2) was retrofitting a lever in place behind the magazine that would prevent the dust cover from leaving the bolt unless the lever was depressed. Out of a sample of 34,636 units of the PAM-1, 16,544 would be converted to the PAM-2 by adding this lever. However, this upgrade came at a time when the production of the PAM was slowing down in favor of the newly adopted FMK-3 (and later the Belgian FN FAL), so only around 1100 new units of the PAM-2 would be produced.
During its period of production between 1955 and 1972, a total of 47,000 units of the PAM-1 and PAM-2 were produced.
# Kalinin Plant

Kalinin Plant Production Association (Russian: Завод имени М. И. Калинина) is a company based in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is currently part of Techmash (Rostec group).
The Kalinin Plant Production Association produces munitions for the military. It is now involved in large-scale conversion from military to civil production.
The factory was founded in 1869 as the St. Petersburg Ammunition Factory; it was renamed after M. I. Kalinin in 1922.

## Famous employees

* A Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy graduate has been working at the factory since 1870. Painter Nikolai Yaroshenko depicted a worker of this plant in the painting "Stoker".
* Mikhail Kalinin Ivanovich worked in 1906-1907 and in 1917, after whom the plant is named.
* Vladimir Rdultovsky Iosifovich — since 1926, he held the position of deputy head of the design bureau.
# Anthrenus lindbergi

Anthrenus (Anthrenus) lindbergi is a species of carpet beetle found in Afghanistan and Pakistan.
# Gill Valentine

Gill Valentine FBA FAcSS is a British geographer and professor of geography and deputy vice-chancellor at the University of Sheffield.
Before joining Sheffield in 2012, Valentine was head of Geography at the University of Leeds. She co-founded the journal Social & Cultural Geography in 2000.

## Career

Valentine worked at the University of Sheffield between 1994 and 2004, at which point she left to work at the University of Leeds where she was head of the school of geography. In 2012, she re-joined Sheffield as Pro-Vice Chancellor for Social Sciences. Valentine is a member of the university's executive board, and has chaired the Equality, Diversity & Inclusion Committee.

## Research

Valentine is a specialist in social geography, with her key areas of research covering social identities and belonging; childhood, parenting and family life; and urban cultures and consumption. Her research in particular has focused on geographies of childhood, on alcohol-consumption and youth culture and on women's geographies. A co-founder of the journal Social & Cultural Geography and co-editor of former co-editor of Gender, Place and Culture, she has made significant contributions to feminist geography.

## Awards

* The Philip Leverhulme Prize, 2001
* The Royal Geographical Society's Gill Memorial Award,
* Murchison Award by the Royal Geographical Society for "publications relating to the geography of difference, equality and diversity" (2015)
* Fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences.
* Fellow of the British Academy (FBA), 2018

## Selected publications

* 1989. "The geography of women's fear" in Area 12(1)pp. 385–390
* 1995. Mapping desire: Geographies of sexualities Psychology Press (with David Bell)
* 1997. Consuming geographies: We are where we eat Psychology Press (with David Bell)
* 2005. Cool places: Geographies of youth cultures Routledge
# TVP3 Gdańsk

TVP3 Gdańsk is one of the regional branches of the TVP, Poland's public television broadcaster. It serves the entire Pomeranian Voivodeship. In 1990–2010, there was an informative television programme Rodnô Zemia in the Kashubian language.
# Jukka Linkola

Jukka Tapio Linkola (born 21 July 1955 in Espoo) is a Finnish jazz pianist and classical composer. He has composed music for the Finnish National Opera and led several jazz Big Bands. In addition he has won two Jussi awards for his film music, which another came from the 1988 film The Glory and Misery of Human Life. His euphonium concerto is considered a standard in the repertoire.
# Doug Beason

Doug Beason (born December 3, 1953) is an American scientist and science fiction author.
He graduated from the United States Air Force Academy in 1977 with a dual major in physics and math. He started his first novel while at the Academy after returning there as an officer in the 1980s to teach physics. He is a retired Air Force Colonel with a PhD in physics. He is also a Fellow of the American Physical Society and has published two non-fiction books. His book "Science and Technology Policy for the post-Cold War: A Case for Long-Term Research", was awarded the National Defense University President's Strategic Vision award. He also worked on a few books, (e.g. Lifeline, The Trinity Paradox, and Nanospace) with Kevin J. Anderson. In 2008, he retired from his position as Associate Laboratory Director for Threat Reduction at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. He currently writes full-time, lectures, and consults.
# Bradley C. Hosmer

Bradley Clark Hosmer (born October 8, 1937) is a retired lieutenant general in the United States Air Force (USAF). He served as the twelfth Superintendent of the United States Air Force Academy in Colorado Springs, Colorado from 1991 to 1994. He was the first Academy graduate to return as superintendent.

## Education and training

Hosmer was born in San Antonio, Texas in 1937. He earned his Bachelor of Science degree in 1959 from the United States Air Force Academy, where he was the top graduate of the Academy's first graduating class. He subsequently won a Rhodes Scholarship and earned his master's degree in international relations from Oxford University, England. Hosmer is also a graduate of the USAF Squadron Officer School, the Naval Command and Staff College and the National War College.

## Military assignment history

Hosmer served in a variety of staff positions, including vice director of the Joint Staff and Air Force Inspector General. He commanded the 479th Tactical Training Wing, Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico from 1978 to 1979; the 347th Tactical Fighter Wing, Moody Air Force Base, Georgia from 1979 to 1981; and the 831st Air Division, George Air Force Base, California from 1981 to 1982. From 1986 to 1989, he served as president of the National Defense University, Fort McNair, Washington, D.C. Hosmer was a command pilot with more than 4,000 flying hours, in aircraft to include the T-33 Shooting Star, T-37 Tweet, AT-38 Talon, O-1 Bird Dog, F-4 Phantom II, F-16 Fighting Falcon, F-15 Eagle, F-100 Super Sabre and F-111 Aardvark.

## Awards and decorations

His decorations include the Defense Distinguished Service Medal, the Defense Superior Service Medal, the Legion of Merit with oak leaf cluster, the Distinguished Flying Cross, the Bronze Star with oak leaf cluster, the Meritorious Service Medal, the Air Medal with four oak leaf clusters, and the Air Force Commendation Medal.
* Command Pilot Badge
* Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Identification Badge
* Defense Distinguished Service Medal
* Defense Superior Service Medal
* Legion of Merit with oak leaf cluster
* Distinguished Flying Cross
* Bronze Star with oak leaf cluster
* Meritorious Service Medal
* Air Medal with four oak leaf clusters
* Air Force Commendation Medal
* Air Force Outstanding Unit Award
* National Defense Service Medal
* Vietnam Service Medal with three bronze service stars
* Air Force Overseas Short Tour Service Ribbon
* Air Force Overseas Long Tour Service Ribbon with oak leaf cluster
* Air Force Longevity Service Award with seven oak leaf clusters
* Marksmanship Ribbon
* Air Force Training Ribbon
* Gallantry Cross (Vietnam) unit citation
* Vietnam Campaign Medal
# Josephine Dunn

Mary Josephine Dunn (May 1, 1906 – February 3, 1983) was an American stage and film actress of the 1920s and 1930s.

## Early years

Dunn was born in New York City and educated at Holy Cross convent school.

## Career

At age 14 and a 5'5" tall blonde, Dunn started out as a member of the chorus at the Winter Garden Theatre. Her first appearance was in the chorus of "Good Morning Dearie." Rather than return to school she continued in her Broadway career, appearing in almost 20 productions including the Ziegfeld Follies, Between Two Worlds (1934), Take a Chance (1932), Pickwick (1927), Dear Sir (1924), and ending her Broadway run with "Kid Boots."
Dunn visited the Paramount studio with a friend and attended the Paramount Pictures School in 1926 after being discovered there. Her first film role was in Fascinating Youth (1926), which was cast with the school's graduating class. She went on to have the lead roles in Love's Greatest Mistake (1927) and Fireman, Save My Child (1927).
After nine months of inactivity in film, Dunn signed a long-term contract with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.
She starred in 23 silent films, and in 1929 she was one of 13 girls named as "WAMPAS Baby Stars", which that year included actress Jean Arthur. In 1930 she made a successful transition, unlike many silent stars, to sound films. In 1930 she starred in Safety in Numbers (1930) alongside Carole Lombard and Kathryn Crawford. She starred in sixteen films through 1932.

## Personal life

Dunn married four times. In 1925, she married William P. Cameron in Elkton, Maryland. He was a contracting engineer. They were divorced in 1928. She married Clyde Greathouse, an official of an oil company, in Los Angeles on January 10, 1931, and they were divorced on October 26, 1931. On January 6, 1933, in Great Neck, New York, she married Eugene J. Lewis, whom she divorced in 1935 to marry Carroll Case, whose father Frank Case owned the Algonquin Hotel in New York City, which housed the now famous Algonquin Round Table.
She retired from acting in 1938 and remained with Case until his death in 1978.

## Death

Dunn died of cancer on February 3, 1983, in Thousand Oaks, California, aged 76.

## Partial filmography

* Fascinating Youth (1926)
* It's the Old Army Game (1926)
* The Sorrows of Satan (1926)
* Love's Greatest Mistake (1927)
* Fireman, Save My Child (1927)
* With Love and Hisses (1927)
* Swim Girl, Swim (1927)
* She's a Sheik (1927)
* Get Your Man (1927)
* Excess Baggage (1928)
* The Singing Fool (1928)
* We Americans (1928)
* A Million for Love (1928)
* All At Sea (1929)
* Sin Sister (1929)
* China Bound (1929)
* A Man's Man (1929)
* Black Magic (1929)
* Melody Lane (1929)
* Our Modern Maidens (1929)
* Red Hot Rhythm (1929)
* Big Time (1929)
* Safety in Numbers (1930)
* Madonna of the Streets (1930)
* Second Honeymoon (1930)
* Two Kinds of Women (1932)
* Murder at Dawn (1932)
* Forbidden Company (1932)
* Between Fighting Men (1932)
* One Hour With You (1932)
* Big City Blues (1932) as Jackie DeVoe (uncredited)
* The Fighting Gentleman (1932)
* Murder in the Library (1933)
# High School (American TV series)

High School is a coming-of-age drama television series developed by Clea DuVall and Tegan and Sara Quin, based on the 2019 memoir of the same name by the Quins. It premiered on Amazon Freevee on October 14, 2022.

## Premise

Through a backdrop of '90s grunge and rave culture, twin sisters navigate identity, love, and music.

## Cast
### Main

* Railey Gilliland as Tegan
* Seazynn Gilliland as Sara
* Esther McGregor as Natalie
* Olivia Rouyre as Phoebe
* Amanda Fix as Maya
* Brianne Tju as Ali
* Geena Meszaros as Lily

### Recurring

* Cobie Smulders as Simone
* Kyle Bornheimer as Patrick
* Jayne Eastwood as June
* Nikki Rae Hallow as Loni
* Nate Corddry as David
* [Marcus Della Rosa]] as Tyler

## Episodes

| No. | Title | Directed by | Teleplay by | Original release date |
| 1 | "I Bet It Stung" | Clea DuVall | Clea DuVall | October 14, 2022 (2022-10-14) |
| 2 | "Shock To Your System" | Clea DuVall | Clea DuVall | October 14, 2022 (2022-10-14) |
| 3 | "Hang On to the Night" | Clea DuVall | Clea DuVall | October 14, 2022 (2022-10-14) |
| 4 | "Welcome Home" | Rebecca Asher | Laura Kittrell | October 14, 2022 (2022-10-14) |
| 5 | "Freedom" | Rebecca Asher | Clea DuVall | October 21, 2022 (2022-10-21) |
| 6 | "Hello, I'm Right Here" | Clea DuVall | Laura Kittrell | October 21, 2022 (2022-10-21) |
| 7 | "Fix You Up" | Clea DuVall | Clea DuVall | October 28, 2022 (2022-10-28) |
| 8 | "The Con" | Clea DuVall | Laura Kittrell | October 28, 2022 (2022-10-28) |

## Production
### Development

On October 20, 2020, it was announced that Amazon Studios's free ad-supported streaming service IMDb TV was developing a project based on identical twin indie pop duo Tegan and Sara Quin's eponymous 2019 memoir. Clea DuVall was attached to create and direct the pilot episode, as well as executive produce alongside the Quin sisters. The series is produced by Plan B Entertainment under their overall deal at Amazon Studios. At Amazon's first NewFront presentation on May 3, 2021, it was announced that IMDb TV had given the project a series order.

### Casting

On March 17, 2022, Railey and Seazynn Gilliland were cast as the leads, while Cobie Smulders and Kyle Bornheimer were set to guest star in the show.

### Filming

On March 17, 2022, it was reported that principal photography was set to begin on March 21 in Alberta, Canada.

## Reception

In advance of its official Amazon premiere, the series received a preview screening in the Primetime program at the 2022 Toronto International Film Festival.
The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported a 100% approval rating with an average rating of 7.4/10, based on 22 critic reviews. The website's critics consensus reads, "High School is as effervescent and sensitive as a Tegan and Sara album, delivering a highly specific coming of age comedy that rings with universal truth."
Metacritic gave the series a weighted average score of 82 out of 100 based on 10 critic reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".
On Rolling Stone's list of the 20 Best TV Shows of 2022, it was named as the 7th Best.
On The New York Times' list of Best TV Shows 2022, the show was listed 5th.