OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of premetro systems

This is the list of cities worldwide which have premetro systems. In other words: tram or light rail systems which are, or were, intended to be converted to full rapid transit systems. This list excludes similar semi-metro systems that were not designed to allow heavy rail trains at a later stage, nor full light metros.

## List

| Location | Country | Relevant Wikipedia article | Year opened | Stations | System length |
| Vienna | Austria | Vienna semi-metro | 1959 | 6 | 3.4 km (2.1 mi) |
| Antwerp | Belgium | Antwerp Pre-metro | 1975 | 11 | 8.1 km (5.0 mi) |
| Brussels | Belgium | Brussels premetro | 1969 | 15 | |
| Charleroi | Belgium | Métro Léger de Charleroi | 1976 | 48 | 33 km (21 mi) |
| Frankfurt | Germany | Frankfurt U-Bahn | 1968 | 86 | 64.9 km (40.3 mi) |
| Dublin | Ireland | Luas Green Line | 2004 | 35 | 19 km (12 mi) |
| Poznań | Poland | Poznań Fast Tram | 1997 | 8 | 8.1 km (5.0 mi) |
| Kraków | Poland | Kraków Fast Tram | 2008 | 57 | 22 km (14 mi) |
| Szczecin | Poland | Szczecin Fast Tram [pl] | 2015 | 4 | |
| Volgograd | Russia | Volgograd Metrotram | 1984 | 22 | 17.3 km (10.7 mi) |
| Gothenburg | Sweden | Gothenburg tram network | 1969 | 5 | |
| Zurich | Switzerland | Zurich Premetro | 1986 | 3 | 2.5 km (1.6 mi) |
| Kyiv | Ukraine | Kyiv Light Rail | 2000 | 7 | 6.7 km (4.2 mi) |
| Kryvyi Rih | Ukraine | Kryvyi Rih Metrotram | 1986 | 11 | 17.7 km (11.0 mi) |
| San Francisco | United States | Muni Metro | 1980 | 33 | 59.2 km (36.8 mi) |
| Boston | United States | MBTA Green Line | 1897 | 65 | 38.1 km (23.7 mi) |

## List of former premetros

| Location | Country | Relevant Wikipedia article | Years | Stations | System length |
| Buenos Aires | Argentina | Subte de Buenos Aires (Line A) | 1913-1926 | — | — |
| Vienna | Austria | Zweierlinie - U2 | 1966-1980 | 8 | 3.4 km (2.1 mi) |
| Vienna | Austria | Line 64 - U6 | 1979-1995 | 3 | 0.8 km (0.50 mi) |
| Brussels | Belgium | Brussels Metro Line 1/5 | 1969-1976 | — | — |
| Brussels | Belgium | Brussels Metro Line 2/6 | 1970-1988 | — | — |
| Rio de Janeiro | Brazil | Rio de Janeiro Metro (Line 2) | 1983-1998 | — | — |
| Nuremberg | Germany | Nuremberg Metro (U1) | 1970-1981 | 2 | 1.0 km (0.62 mi) |
| Rome | Italy | Rome Line C | 2006-2008 | 2 | — |
| Oslo | Norway | Oslo Metro | 1928-1966 | 2 | 2.0 km (1.2 mi) |
| Stockholm | Sweden | Stockholm Metro | 1933-1950 | — | — |
| Boston | United States | MBTA Blue Line | 1904-1924 | 4 | 1.6 km (1.0 mi) |
| New York | United States | Steinway Tunnel | 1907 | — | 2.6 km (1.6 mi) |
# Milcho Milanov

Milcho Milanov (Bulgarian: Милчо Миланов, born 4 March 1965) is a Bulgarian volleyball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1988 Summer Olympics.
# Adelpha ethelda

Adelpha ethelda, the Ethelda sister, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It was described by William Chapman Hewitson in 1867. It is found from Mexico to Ecuador. The habitat consists of pre-montane rainforests and cloud forests at altitudes ranging from 400 to 2,000 meters.
The wingspan is 34–37 mm. Adult males have been recorded imbibing mineralised moisture from damp soil, boulders, sandy river beaches or from aphid secretions on foliage.
Larvae have been recorded feeding on Sabicea aspera.

## Subspecies

* A. e. ethelda (Ecuador)
* A. e. eponina Staudinger, 1886 (Colombia)
* A. e. galbao Brévignon, 1995 (French Guiana)
* A. e. sophax Godman & Salvin, 1878 (Costa Rica, Panama)
* A. e. zalmona (Hewitson, 1871) (Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia)
# List of electoral divisions in Tasmania

The Australian state of Tasmania is divided into five electoral divisions for the purposes of electing the Australian House of Representatives in Canberra. Each division elects one Member of Parliament. At the 2022 federal election, Tasmanian elected two Liberal MPs, two Labor MPs, and one independent MP.
As an original state Tasmania is guaranteed a minimum of 5 seats. Given its relatively small population, this means it have one representative per ~70,000 voters, compared to Victoria's representation of one seat vs ~100,000 voters.

## Divisions

| Name | Formed | Size (km$^2$) | Classification | Current Member | Member's Party |
| Bass | 1903 | 7,975 | Provincial | Bridget Archer | Liberal |
| Braddon | 1955 | 21,369 | Rural | Gavin Pearce | Liberal |
| Clark | 2019 | 292 | Inner-metropolitan | Andrew Wilkie | Independent |
| Franklin | 1903 | 10,009 | Outer-metropolitan | Julie Collins | Labor |
| Lyons | 1984 | 35,721 | Rural | Brian Mitchell | Labor |
# Montaigle Castle

Montaigle Castle (French: Château de Montaigle) is a ruined medieval castle in Falaën in the municipality of Onhaye, province of Namur, Wallonia.
It was built in the 14th century, and destroyed by Henry II of France in 1554. It stands on a rocky spur overlooking the valleys of the Molignée and of the Flavion.
The site was used during the Late Roman period for a Belgo-Roman fortification.

## Montaiglian, the first name of Aurignacian

Following the official web-site of Onhaye, The Belgian government commissioned in 1867 the geologist Édouard Dupont to study the caves (locally called trous, lit., "holes") located in the rocky spur of Montaigle. He named each of them after the trees growing near the cave's entrance; Trou du Sureau (Elder), Trou du Chêne (Oak), Trou de l'Erable (Maple), except the lowest one, named Trou Philippe after the name of the hermit who lived therein. Prehistoric remains were found in all of these caves; Dupont described the Cro-Magnon civilization years before the French paleontologists, but the French nomenclature was adopted, though. The "Montaiglian" layer was later renamed "Aurignacian", after the cave of Aurignac in the Pyrénées. This opinion is also indirectly in a book of Marcel Otte Hawthorne Harris Wilder wrote yet in 1924 Montaiglian (or Augniracian)
# Colin Odutayo

Colin Lapido Odutayo (born 8 March 2001) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays as a winger for Swiss Challenge League club Aarau.

## Career

After having played for youth sectors of Fortuna Sittard, Genk, Aston Villa and Roda JC, Odutayo moved to Lithuania in the summer 2022 and signed with FK Neptūnas for the rest of the season. Later he made his senior debut with the team in second-tier I Lyga.
For the 2023 season, he signed with A Lyga club FK Riteriai.
On 16 January 2024, Odutayo joined FC Lahti in Finnish top-tier Veikkausliiga, signing a one-year deal with an option to extend. He scored his first goal for FC Lahti on 3 February, a winning goal against Ekenäs IF in a 2–1 win in Finnish League Cup. On 12 May, Odutayo scored his first goal in Veikkausliiga on the penalty spot, in a 3–0 home win against IFK Mariehamn.
On 19 August, Odutayo was released by Lahti, and subsequently he signed with Swiss Challenge League club Aarau on a two-year deal with an option to extend.

## Personal life

Born in Netherlands, Odutayo is of Nigerian descent. His brothers Quincy and Henry are also footballers.

## Career statistics

    As of 11 March 2025
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Europe | Europe | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Aston Villa U23 | 2019–20 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| Neptūnas | 2022 | I Lyga | 8 | 8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 8 | 8 |
| Riteriai | 2023 | A Lyga | 31 | 3 | 3 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 34 | 4 |
| Lahti | 2024 | Veikkausliiga | 11 | 3 | 3 | 0 | — | — | 6 | 4 | 20 | 7 |
| Aarau | 2024–25 | Swiss Challenge League | 12 | 1 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 14 | 1 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 62 | 15 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 4 | 78 | 20 |
* ↑ Includes Lithuanian Cup, Suomen Cup and Swiss Cup
* ↑ Appearance(s) in EFL Trophy
* ↑ Includes Finnish League Cup

## Honours

Neptūnas
* I Lyga runner-up: 2022
# Simsboro, Louisiana

Simsboro is a village in western Lincoln Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 841 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Ruston Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Two 20th century lawmakers who were natives of Simsboro are interred at Simsboro Cemetery: State Representatives L.D. "Buddy" Napper, who served from 1952 to 1964, and practiced law for a half-century in Ruston, and Ragan Madden, who left the House in 1949 to become the five-term district attorney of the 3rd Judicial District. A 19th Century lawmaker who lived in Simsboro was Representative George M. Lomax, who in 1894 introduced the enabling legislation, Act 68, to establish the future Louisiana Tech University.

## Geography

Simsboro is located at 32°32′3″N 92°47′11″W﻿ / ﻿32.53417°N 92.78639°W﻿ / 32.53417; -92.78639 (32.534169, -92.786417).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 3.5 square miles (9.1 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Simsboro racial composition :
| Race | Number | Percentage |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 445 | 55.42% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 269 | 33.5% |
| Native American | 5 | 0.62% |
| Other/Mixed | 30 | 3.74% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 54 | 6.72% |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 803 people, 352 households, and 264 families residing in the village.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 684 people, 273 households, and 193 families residing in the village. The population density was 197.2 inhabitants per square mile (76.1/km$^2$). There were 338 housing units at an average density of 97.4 per square mile (37.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 77.05% White, 21.49% African American, 0.73% Native American, 0.44% from other races, and 0.29% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.73% of the population.
There were 273 households, out of which 32.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.0% were married couples living together, 14.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.3% were non-families. 23.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.93.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.3% under the age of 18, 13.6% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 21.6% from 45 to 64, and 12.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.5 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $31,324, and the median income for a family was $35,417. Males had a median income of $31,111 versus $18,750 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,465. About 14.4% of families and 18.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.0% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.
# Martin van der Horst

Johan Martin van der Horst (born 2 April 1965) is a retired volleyball player from the Netherlands who represented his native country at two Summer Olympics (1992 and 2000). He was a member of the Dutch national team that won the silver medal in Barcelona (1992).

## Individual awards

* 1991 FIVB World League "Best Blocker"
# NGC 5278

NGC 5278 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major. It was discovered by German-British astronomer William Herschel in 1789.
NGC 5278 is in gravitational interaction with the galaxy NGC 5279. This pair of galaxies appears in the Halton Arp's Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies under the symbol Arp 239. The luminosity class of NGC 5278 is II. The nucleus of this galaxy presents a burst of star formation (SBNG starburst nucleus galaxies) and it is an active Seyfert 2 type galaxy. In addition, NGC 5278 is possibly a LINER galaxy, a galaxy whose nucleus presents an emission spectrum characterized by broad lines of weakly ionized atoms. NGC 5278 is also a galaxy whose core shines in the ultraviolet spectrum. It is listed in the Markarian catalog under the reference Mrk 271 (MK 271).

## Supernovae

Two supernovae have been observed in NGC 5278: SN 2001ai (type Ic, mag. 17.6) and SN 2019cec (type II, mag. 18.26a).
# Ute Steppin

Ute Steppin (born (1965-05-31)31 May 1965) was a German female volleyball player.
She was part of the East Germany women's national volleyball team at the 1988 Summer Olympics, and of the Germany women's national volleyball team at the 1996 Summer Olympics. She participated in the 1994 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship. On club level she played with Schweriner SC.

## Clubs

* Schweriner SC (1994)
# Samart

Samart is a village in the municipality of Philippeville, located in the province of Namur, Belgium.
The name derives from the patron saint of the village, Saint-Mard or Saint-Médard. A knight hailing from Saint-Médard is mentioned in archives in 1090, the earliest written evidence of the locality. The village was the property of the same family throughout the Middle Ages, until the 16th century. The village is still dominated by the fortified manor, the Château-ferme de Samart.
# Leach Pottery

The Leach Pottery was founded in 1920 by Bernard Leach and Shoji Hamada in St Ives, Cornwall, in the United Kingdom.
The buildings grew from an old cow / tin-ore shed in the 19th century to a pottery in the 1920s with the addition of a two-storey cottage added on to the lower end of the pottery, followed by a completely separate cottage at the top of the site added by Leach in 1927.
In 1922 Tsuronosuke Matsubayashi came from Japan to rebuild an unsuccessful climbing kiln for the pottery. Matsubayashi built a three chambered traditional Japanese Noborigama, the first Japanese climbing kiln in the western world, and this was used until the 1970s.
Bernard's son David Leach who trained at the North Staffordshire Technical College, became manager in 1937 abandoning production of earthenware, developing a new stoneware body and taking on local apprentices. Michael Cardew was an early student and William Marshall an apprentice. Katherine Pleydell-Bouverie became an apprentice in 1924 Warren MacKenzie from the US, Charmian Johnson from Canada and Len Castle from New Zealand also worked here.
The pottery's Standard Ware was first issued in 1946 and can be found in the V&A collection. Mail order catalogues were distributed and the range was produced until 1979. Three basic glazes were used for the ware: Celadon, Tenmoku and oatmeal with overpainting in brown and blue.
After Bernard's death in 1979, his wife Janet Leach stopped production of standard ware to concentrate on her own pots until her death in 1997, after which the pottery was purchased by Alan Gillam. The property was acquired by Penwith District Council as part of the Leach Restoration Project
The site was renovated and restored in 2005-08 before being reopened to the public in March 2008 as a working studio pottery, museum and gallery. The restoration cost £1.7 million which preserved the original buildings whilst adding an exhibition space and shop. It is now managed by the Bernard Leach (St Ives) Trust Limited, a registered UK charity founded in 2005.
There are two exhibition areas, the Entrance Gallery with work by Bernard Leach, Janet Leach, David Leach, Shoji Hamada, William Marshall, Michael Cardew, and Kenneth Quick and the Cube Gallery with a changing exhibition.
The Leach Pottery's director is Libby Buckley and the lead potter is Roelof Uys.
# Patriot Bekasi F.C.

Patriot Bekasi Football Club, or Patriot Bekasi is an Indonesian football club based in Bekasi, West Java. They currently compete in the Liga 4. Their homebase is Patriot Candrabhaga Stadium.

## Honours

* Liga 4 West Java Series 2
** Champions: 2024
# The Cat of Bubastes

The Cat of Bubastes, A Tale of Ancient Egypt is an 1889 historical novel written for boys by British author G.A. Henty. It is the story of a young prince who becomes a slave when the Egyptians conquer his people, then is made a fugitive when his master accidentally kills a sacred cat. The book was illustrated by John Reinhard Weguelin, a notable Victorian painter.

## Setting

The novel takes place in the Middle East, particularly in Egypt, during the reign of Thotmes III.

## Plot

After his father, the king of the Rebu, is killed in battle with the Egyptian army and the Rebu nation is conquered by the Egyptians, the young prince Amuba is carried away as a captive to Egypt, along with his faithful charioteer, Jethro. In Thebes, Amuba becomes the servant and companion to Chebron, the son of Ameres, high priest of Osiris. The lads become involved in a mystery as they begin to uncover evidence of a murderous conspiracy within the ranks of the priesthood. However, before they are able to prevent it, they are forced to flee for their lives when they accidentally cause the death of the successor to the Cat of Bubastes, one of the most sacred animals in Egypt. With Jethro as their guide and protector, the boys make plans to escape from Egyptian territory and return to Amuba's homeland.

## Reception

The London Standard said that the story "affords Mr. Henty the opportunity of giving a few graphic and picturesque sketches of the inner life of the ancient Egyptians, their religion, their domestic and social customs, and their family life in town and country... The love interest in this charming story is, of course, subordinate to the more manly and exciting incidents, but it is not overlooked... The whole story is a vivid and attractive picture of Egyptian life, and the effect is heightened by a number of well-executed full-page illustrations."
Comparing the book to Henty's The Lion of St. Mark, the Bristol Mercury said, "Mr. Henty's characteristic style is seen to even better advantage. His picture of the life of the Egyptian people is the feature of the book, and forms a picturesque setting to a most fascinating tale."
# ElectroBOOM

Mehdi Sadaghdar (/ˈmɛdiː səˈdæɡˌdɑːr/ MEH-dee sə-DAG-dar; Persian: مهدی صدقدار, romanized: Mehdī Ṣadaqdār, IPA:; born 13 January 1977) is an Iranian-Canadian electrical engineer who hosts the YouTube channel ElectroBOOM.

## Early life

Sadaghdar was born in Iran on 13 January 1977 and resides in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. He was conferred a Bachelor of Applied Science from the University of Tehran in 1999 and, after moving to Vancouver, a Master of Applied Science from Simon Fraser University in 2006. He married his wife, Safiya Nafisi, on 16 September 1999. They have a daughter together, who is featured in some of his videos as a pianist or assistant, whom he refers to as ElectroCUTE.

## Career

Sadaghdar's videos are mainly focused around comedic electronics tutorials and education. He often intentionally creates situations where a shock, fire or explosion (often caused by capacitors) occurs for comedic effect, demonstrating the dangers of electricity when not properly handled. His most viewed video, "How to NOT make an electric guitar", has over 21 million views and demonstrates the hazards of mains electricity.
He has currently amassed over eight million subscribers and over one billion views on his YouTube channel.
# Kalle Brink

Karl-Henrik Brink (born 12 August 1975) is a Swedish professional golfer who has played on the European Tour and the Challenge Tour.
Brink was born in Helsingborg, Sweden. His sister, Maria, is also a professional golfer, who has competed on the Ladies European Tour.
In 1993, Brink was member of the Swedish team winning the European Boys' Team Championship in Ascona, Switzerland. He also represented Sweden at the 1994 Espirito Santo Trophy at Le Golf National, outside Paris, France, earning a bronze medal with his team.
Brink turned professional in 1994. He has three wins on Europe's second tier Challenge Tour, the first coming in 1997 at the BTC Slovenian Open, when he went on to finish the season in second place on the 1997 Challenge Tour money list. His second win was at the 1999 Öhrlings Swedish Matchplay, where he beat Henrik Stenson in the final. His third win came in 2006 at the Lexus Open. He has also had the opportunity to play in events on the European Tour most years, but has only had one full season at the top level, in 1998 following his graduation from the Challenge Tour.

## Professional wins (4)
### Challenge Tour wins (3)

| No. | Date | Tournament | Winning score | Margin of victory | Runner(s)-up |
| 1 | 27 Jul 1997 | BTC Slovenian Open | −21 (68-67-72-64=271) | 3 strokes | Mikael Lundberg |
| 2 | 5 Sep 1999 | Öhrlings Swedish Matchplay | 19 holes | 19 holes | Henrik Stenson |
| 3 | 18 Jun 2006 | Lexus Open | −13 (69-69-72-65=275) | 3 strokes | José Manuel Carriles, Greig Hutcheon, Peter Kaensche, Jan-Are Larsen |

### Other wins (1)

* 2000 Flommen Open (Swedish mini-tour)

## Team appearances

Amateur
* Jacques Léglise Trophy (representing the Continent of Europe): 1993
* European Boys' Team Championship (representing Sweden): 1993 (winners)
* Eisenhower Trophy (representing Sweden): 1994
* St Andrews Trophy (representing the Continent of Europe): 1994
# Nubbin (landform)

In geomorphology a nubbin is a small and gentle hill consisting of a bedrock core dotted with rounded residual blocks. The blocks derive from disintegrated and weathered bedrock layers. In particular it is assumed that the boulders of the nubbins are the remnants of the outer one or two exfoliation shells that weathered underground - albeit some weathering can continue to occur once the boulders are exposed on surface.
Nubbins form in a similar way to castle koppies and bornhardts, and the three landforms can be seen as different expressions of the same phenomena. Nubbins occur often in patterned groups.
Nubbins can be found in humid tropical- and monsoon-climate areas. According to geomorphologist C. R. Twidale this is the environment where most nubbins form. Nubbins outside the humid or seasonally-humid tropics are relict landforms formed in a humid and tropical past or form in areas of high subsurface humidity. Examples of localities with nubbins include the Southwestern United States, the MacDonnell Ranges in Central Australia and Namaqualand in Southern Africa.
While nubbins are typically made up of granite there have also been reports of nubbins made of ignimbrite.
# Tezpur Law College

Tezpur Law College is a private law school situated at Dhanua Nagar Road, Mahabhairab, Tezpur in the Indian state of Assam. It offers undergraduate LL.B 3 years law courses, 5 Year Integrated B.A. LL.B. and 2 years LL.M. courses affiliated to Gauhati University. This college was established in 1972 and the course conducted by it is recognised by Bar Council of India, New Delhi.
Tezpur Law College offers a three-year LLB program, which is a full-time course, and a two-year LLM program.