OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mark J. Ablowitz

Mark Jay Ablowitz (born 1945) is a professor in the department of Applied Mathematics at the University of Colorado at Boulder, Colorado.

## Education

Ablowitz was born on June 5, 1945, in New York City. He received his Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical engineering from the University of Rochester in 1967, and completed his Ph.D. in mathematics under the supervision of David Benney at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1971.

## Career and research

Ablowitz was an assistant professor of Mathematics at Clarkson University during 1971–1975 and an associate professor during 1975–1976. He visited the Program in Applied Mathematics founded by Ahmed Cemal Eringen at Princeton University during 1977–1978. He was a professor of Mathematics at Clarkson during 1976-1985, where he became the Chairman of the Department of Mathematics and Computer Science in 1979. On July 1, 1985, he was appointed as the Dean of Science of Clarkson University and served there until he joined to the department of Applied Mathematics (APPM) at University of Colorado Boulder on June 30, 1989.

### Awards and honors

* Sloan Fellowship, 1975–1977.
* Clarkson Graham Research Award, 1976.
* John Simon Guggenheim Foundation Fellowship, 1984.
* SIAM Fellow, 2011.
* National Academy of Sciences Symposium on Soliton Theory Kiev, USSR 1979.
* Fellow of the American Mathematical Society, 2012.

### Publications

* Solitons and the Inverse Scattering Transform, M.J. Ablowitz and H. Segur, (SIAM Studies in Applied Mathematics) 1981
* Topics in Soliton Theory and Exactly Solvable Nonlinear Equations, Eds. M.J. Ablowitz, B. Fuchssteiner and M. D. Kruskal, (World Scientific) 1987
* Solitons, Nonlinear Evolution Equations and Inverse Scattering, M.J. Ablowitz and P.A. Clarkson, (London Mathematical Society Lecture Notes Series, 516 pages, (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1991)
* Complex Variables: Introduction and Applications, Mark J. Ablowitz and A. S. Fokas, (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1997)
* Nonlinear Physics: Theory and Experiment. II, M.J. Ablowitz, M. Boiti, F. Pempinelli and B. Prinari, (World Scientific 2003)
* Discrete and Continuous Nonlinear Schrödinger Systems, Mark J. Ablowitz, B. Prinari and D. Trubatch, 258 (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2004)
* Nonlinear Dispersive Waves: Asymptotic Analysis and Solitons, Mark J. Ablowitz, (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2011)
# Dino Rora

Dino Rora (5 March 1945 – 28 January 1966) was an Italian swimmer who competed in the 1964 Summer Olympics.
He died in the Lufthansa Flight 005 crash in Bremen, Germany.
# Shawinigan Water & Power Company

Established in 1898, the Shawinigan Water & Power Company was one of the dominant, privately owned hydroelectric companies in Canada until 1963, when it became a part of Hydro-Québec.

## History

Shawinigan Water & Power Company was founded on January 15, 1898, by American businessman John Edward Aldred (who was the president) and John Joyce, and then joined by Andrew Frederick Gault, H. H. Melville, Thomas McDougall, and Louis-Joseph Forget. The company was named for where it was based: Shawinigan, Quebec.

## Power assets

The company established various power station over the history of the company. Six power plants were built along the Saint-Maurice River in the 1920s
* Shawinigan 1 7.5MW (c. 1901) – built at what is now Shawinigan Falls. Shawinigan-1 ceased production in the early 1950s.
* Shawinigan 2 200MW (1911–1929)
* Shawinigan 3 194MW (1946–1948)
* La Gabelle 129MW (1924–1931)
* Rapide-Blanc 204MW (c. 1930)
* La Trenche 302MW (c. 1950)
* Beaumont 270MW (1958–1959)
In 1956 the company had total generating capacity at 1284 MW from the six active power stations.
Shawinigan Water & Power also generated power from two subsidiaries:
* Quebec Power Company – 31.1MW from six stations near Quebec City
* Southern Canada Power Company Limited – 43.4 MW from five stations on St. Francis River and other tributaries in the Eastern Townships

## Clients

* Shawinigan Carbide
* Belgo Pulp and Paper Mills
# Continental Paper Bag Co. v. Eastern Paper Bag Co.

Continental Paper Bag Co. v. Eastern Paper Bag Co., 210 U.S. 405 (1908), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States established the principle that patent holders have no obligation to use their patent.

## Facts

Eastern Paper Bag brought an action to prevent its competitor Continental Paper Bag from using its patent for a "self-opening" paper bag. Continental Paper Bag alleged that Eastern Paper Bag was not using its patent but simply trying to suppress competition.

## Decision of the Supreme Court

The Supreme Court rejected this argument by Continental Paper Bag, holding that it was the essence of the patent to exclude others without question of motive.
# 2006 ACC men's basketball tournament

The 2006 Atlantic Coast Conference men's basketball tournament took place from March 9 to 12 in Greensboro, North Carolina, at the Greensboro Coliseum. Duke won the tournament for the 16th time. Duke's J.J. Redick won the tournament's Most Valuable Player Award for the second year in a row.
The 2006 ACC Tournament was the first tournament with 12 teams participating. Boston College made its first appearance in the tournament, reaching the championship game before losing to Duke. 12th-seeded Wake Forest made a Cinderella run, beating 5th-seeded Florida State and 4th-seeded NC State on their way to the semifinal round, before losing to eventual champions Duke.
Miami and Boston College won their first ACC Tournament games in 2006. Miami defeated Clemson in the first round. Boston College defeated Maryland in the quarterfinal round.

## Bracket

| First round March 9, 2006 | First round March 9, 2006 | First round March 9, 2006 | Quarterfinals March 10, 2006 | Quarterfinals March 10, 2006 | Quarterfinals March 10, 2006 | Semifinals March 11, 2006 | Semifinals March 11, 2006 | Semifinals March 11, 2006 | Championship Game March 12, 2006 | Championship Game March 12, 2006 | Championship Game March 12, 2006 |
| | | | 1 | #1 Duke | 80 | | | | | | |
| | | | 8 | Miami | 76 | | | | | | |
| 8 | Miami | 66 | 8 | Miami | 76 | | | | | | |
| 9 | Clemson | 63 | | | | | | | | | |
| 9 | Clemson | 63 | | | | 1 | #1 Duke | 78 | | | |
| | | | | | | 12 | Wake Forest | 66 | | | |
| | | | 4 | NC State | 71 | | | | | | |
| | | | 12 | Wake Forest | 82 | | | | | | |
| 5 | Florida State | 66 | 12 | Wake Forest | 82 | | | | | | |
| 12 | Wake Forest | 78 | | | | | | | | | |
| 12 | Wake Forest | 78 | | | | | | | 1 | #1 Duke | 78 |
| | | | | | | | | | 3 | #7 Boston College | 76 |
| | | | 2 | #10 North Carolina | 79 | | | | | | |
| | | | 7 | Virginia | 67 | | | | | | |
| 7 | Virginia | 60 | 7 | Virginia | 67 | | | | | | |
| 10 | Virginia Tech | 56 | | | | | | | | | |
| 10 | Virginia Tech | 56 | | | | 2 | #10 North Carolina | 82 | | | |
| | | | | | | 3 | #7 Boston College | 85 | | | |
| | | | 3 | #7 Boston College | 80 | | | | | | |
| | | | 6 | Maryland | 66 | | | | | | |
| 6 | Maryland | 82 | 6 | Maryland | 66 | | | | | | |
| 11 | Georgia Tech | 64 | | | | | | | | | |
AP Rankings at time of tournament
# United States House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Oversight and Accountability

The U.S. House Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Oversight and Accountability is a standing subcommittee within the United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs. It was established for the 118th United States Congress.

## Jurisdiction

There is no specific regional oversight focus of the Oversight and Intelligence Subcommittee. This subcommittee shall have functional jurisdiction over the following: (A) The United States Mission to the United Nations; (B) The Bureau of International Organizations Affairs; (C) Offices that report directly to the Secretary of State, to include: Office of the Ombuds, Office of Civil Rights, Office of Global Women’s Issues, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Bureau of Legislative Affairs, Office of the Legal Adviser, Office of Policy Planning, Office of the Chief of Protocol, Office of Diversity and Inclusion, and all Special envoys and Special Representatives.

## Members, 119th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Cory Mills, Florida, Chair Scott Perry, Pennsylvania Darrell Issa, California Anna Paulina Luna, Florida Warren Davidson, Ohio Jim Baird, Indiana Tim Burchett, Tennessee Ronny Jackson, Texas | Jared Moskowitz, Florida, Ranking Member Sarah McBride, Delaware |

## Historical subcommittee rosters
### 118th Congress

| Majority | Minority |
| Brian Mast, Florida, Chair Scott Perry, Pennsylvania Darrell Issa, California Tim Burchett, Tennessee French Hill, Arkansas Michael Waltz, Florida Cory Mills, Florida Nathaniel Moran, Texas | Jason Crow, Colorado, Ranking Member Dina Titus, Nevada Colin Allred, Texas Andy Kim, New Jersey Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick, Florida Madeleine Dean, Pennsylvania |
# Søren Georg Abel

Søren Georg Abel (3 January 1772 – 5 May 1820) was a Norwegian priest and politician, also known as the father of mathematician Niels Henrik Abel.

## Personal life

Søren Georg Abel was born on 3 January 1772 in Mo, Telemark as the son of Hans Mathias Abel (1738–1803) and Elisabeth Knuth Normann (1737–1817).
In 25 March 1800, he married Anne Marie Simonsen. Their second oldest son was Niels Henrik Abel (1802-1829), the world-famous mathematician. Søren Georg Abel was also a great-grandfather of the politician Hans Prydz (1868–1957).

## Career

Søren Georg Abel enrolled as a student of Lutheran theology in 1788 and graduated as cand.theol. in 1792. In 1794 he was hired as chaplain under his father, who was vicar in Gierestad og Wegaardsheien parish. As Abel maintained ties with Peder Hansen, bishop of Agder, Hansen suggested that Abel be appointed vicar in Bygland in 1798. This never materialized, but Abel was appointed vicar in Findøe the next year. Regarding this position as a stepping stone, in 1801 Abel unsuccessfully applied for the vicarships in Sigdal, Holle and Aas. He remained in Findøe, and Niels Henrik Abel was born there in 1802.
In 1803 his father, the vicar, died. Abel applied for the vacant vicarship in Gierestad. Following a testimonial from Bishop Hansen and County Governor Koren, he was appointed. He later applied for ten other vicarships, but was not appointed and remained in Gierestad. In 1806 he published Religions-spørgsmaal med Svar, indrettede efter de unges Fatte-evne, a well-known explanation of Luther's Small Catechism.
In 1814 he was elected to the first session of the Norwegian Parliament, representing the rural constituency Nedenæs Amt (today named Aust-Agder). He was not re-elected in 1815, but returned in 1818 to serve a final term.
He died on 5 May 1820.
# Federal Ministry of Art, Culture and Creative Economy

The Federal Ministry of Art, Culture, Tourism and Creative Economy is a government agency in Nigeria. It is responsible for promoting and developing arts, culture, and creative industries in the country. Its main goal is to use the power of arts and creativity to boost the economy, preserve Nigeria’s cultural heritage, and share the country's culture with the world. Hannatu Musa Musawa is the current minister of Art, Culture and Creative Economy.

## History

The Ministry was formed in November 2023 by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu through the merger of the Federal Ministry of Tourism and the Federal Ministry of Art, Culture, and Creative Economy.
# Chui A-poo

Chui A-poo (Chinese: 徐亞保; died 1851) was a 19th-century Qing Chinese pirate who commanded a fleet of more than 50 junks in the South China Sea. He was one of the two most notorious South China Sea pirates of the era, along with Shap Ng-tsai.
In September 1849, his fleet, which was based in Bias Bay east of Hong Kong, was defeated by British and Chinese warships. More than 400 pirates were killed and Chui was seriously wounded. Although he managed initially to escape, he was betrayed by his own crew and handed over to the British authorities. He was wanted with a bounty of £500 for the murder of two British officers. His punishment was lifelong exile to Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania), but he hanged himself in his cell before it could be carried out.
# 2 Seconds

2 Seconds (French: 2 secondes) is a 1998 Canadian drama film. This film premiered in 1999 at the Sundance Film Festival. Written and directed by Manon Briand, 2 Seconds stars Charlotte Laurier as Laurie, a bisexual woman who takes a job as a bike courier in Montreal after being fired from her previous job as a professional downhill racer. Laurie is forcefully retired as a downhill racer when her concerns about her signs of aging cause her to lose her last race by 2 seconds (hence the name of the movie). Laurie and the one bike she was allowed to keep then move in with her geeky, physics-loving brother who is trying very hard to find a girlfriend. While putting her bike together, Laurie discovers that she is missing a gear on her bicyclette so she makes do with what she has. Because of this, she breaks the chain on her bike one day, leading to her meeting with her soon-to-be best friend Lorenzo. Lorenzo is an ex Italian professional racer who currently works as a bike mechanic in his own bike shop. offered her a job at the bicycle company, but one of her co workers, Willie, tries to make her life miserable. After talking to Lorenzo, Laurie figures out what she needs to do to help herself and try to resolve things.

## Cast

* Charlotte Laurier as Laurie, a professional downhill racer who gets fired because of her slight overindulgence in irresponsibility
* Dino Tavarone as Lorenzo, an ex Italian professional racer who currently works as a bike mechanic in his own bike shop
* Jonathan Bolduc as Jeune Lorenzo
* Suzanne Clément as La Bella, Laurie's love interest
* Yves P. Pelletier as Steff
* Louise Forestier as Laurie's Mother

## Reception
### Critical reception

Brendan Kelly of Variety praised the film, saying "there is no shortage of nifty visual flourishes. . .Soundtrack is an appropriately cool urban mix of jazz and modern-rock sounds." The Melbourne International Film Festival called it "An understated film with an extraordinarily simple premise"

## Awards

| Year | Award | Category | Recipients | Results |
| 1998 | Montreal World Film Festival | Best Canadian Film | Manon Briand | Won |
| 1998 | Montreal World Film Festival | Best Director | Manon Briand | Won |
| 1998 | Montreal World Film Festival | Montréal award of the best First Fiction Film | Manon Briand | Won |
| 1998 | Montreal World Film Festival | Grand Prix des Ameriques | Manon Briand | Nominated |
| 1998 | Montreal World Film Festival | FedEx Award of the best Canadian Film | 2 secondes (Manon Briand) | Won |
| 1998 | Namur International Festival of French-Speaking Film | Best First Screenplay | Manon Briand | Won |
| 1999 | 1st Jutra Awards | Best Picture | Roger Frappier | Nominated |
| 1999 | 1st Jutra Awards | Best Director | Manon Briand | Nominated |
| 1999 | 1st Jutra Awards | Best Actor | Dino Tavarone | Nominated |
| 1999 | 1st Jutra Awards | Best Actress | Charlotte Laurier | Nominated |
| 1999 | 1st Jutra Awards | Best Screenplay | Manon Briand | Nominated |
| 1999 | 1st Jutra Awards | Best Sound | Yvon Benoît, Martin Pinsonnault, Hans Peter Strobl, Louis Hone | Nominated |
| 1999 | 1st Jutra Awards | Best Editing | Richard Comeau | Nominated |
# TT280

Meketre in hieroglyphs :
Era: New Kingdom (1550–1069 BC) :
Tomb TT280, located in Sheikh Abd el-Qurna, part of the Theban Necropolis, is the burial place of the ancient Egyptian noble Meketre who was chancellor and chief steward during the reign of Mentuhotep II and Mentuhotep III, during the Eleventh Dynasty.

## Discovery and excavation

The tomb was discovered in 1895 by Georges Daressy. It had been plundered in ancient times, but when Herbert Winlock excavated it in 1920, an undisturbed room containing several models was discovered. These models cover daily life at the estate of the Vizier Meketre.

## Models

This tomb contained many models:
* In the Cairo Museum: two canoes with draw-net, Boat with paddles, and Meketre and son Antef under canopy, sailing-boat with Meketre under canopy, Kitchen tender, Sailing-boat with wicker cabin, Sailing-boat, house in garden, Carpenter's shop, Spinning and weaving, Inspection of cattle, Female offering-bringer with drink.
* In the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York: rowing-boat with musicians and kitchen tender, Rowing-boat, Sailing boat with Meketre and son Antef under canopy, Boat with paddles, Boat with paddles, men harpooning fish, and Meketre and son Antef seated on deck, Female offering-bringer with food, Four male and female offering bringers in procession, Cattle in stable, Slaughterhouse, Granary, Brewers and Bakers, House in garden.
* A model of a paddling funerary boat, painted and gessoed wood, originally from Thebes from TT280
* View from the cattle census
# Counselman v. Hitchcock

Counselman v. Hitchcock, 142 U.S. 547 (1892), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that not incriminating an individual for testimony was not the same as not requiring them to testify at all. The court reasoned that as long as evidence arising from the compelled testimony could incriminate the individual in any way, the Fifth Amendment guarantee against self-incrimination was not satisfied. The court then adopted the broader "transactional immunity" rule.
# Benjamin Artom

Rabbi Benjamin Artom (1835–1879) was the Haham of the Spanish and Portuguese Jews of Great Britain. He was born in Asti, Piedmont, in the Kingdom of Sardinia.

## Biography

He was the first person to hold the post of rabbi of Naples. In 1866, he accepted a call to become the spiritual leader, or Haham, of the Spanish and Portuguese Jews in Britain, and held the post until his death on 6 January 1879 at 3 Marine Parade, Brighton.
He composed a prayer for boys on the occasion of their Bar Mitzvah that was at one time used in most Orthodox synagogues in Britain and is still used in the Spanish and Portuguese ones. Chief rabbi of the Spanish and Portuguese congregation of London; born at Asti, Italy, in 1835; died at Brighton, near London, Jan. 6, 1879. He was left fatherless when a child, and his maternal uncle supervised his early training. His theological education he owed to the rabbis Marco Tedeschi, of Trieste, and Terracini. At twenty he taught Hebrew, Italian, French, English, and German. His first appointment was that of minister to the congregation of Saluzzo near Genoa. While rabbi of a congregation in Naples he received a call to London, where he was installed as chief rabbi of the Spanish and Portuguese congregations of the United Kingdom (Dec. 16, 1866). After a year's stay in England, he became so proficient in English that he could preach in that language with eloquence. Deeply interested in Anglo-Jewish institutions, he directed his attention chiefly to organizing and superintending the educational establishments of his own congregation, the Sha'are Tikvah and Villareal schools. Although of Orthodox views, he welcomed moderate reforms, and endeavored to promote any enterprise tending toward the union of discordant factions. He was author of various odes and prayers in Hebrew, and several pieces of Italian poetry. A selection of his sermons delivered in England was published in 1873.
# Ministry of Industry and Trade (Yemen)

Ministry of Industry and Trade (Arabic: وزارة الصناعة والتجارة ) is a cabinet ministry of Yemen.

## List of ministers

* Mohamed al-Ashwal (17 December 2020 – present)
* Mohamed Saeed al-Sadi (2014)
* Saadaldeen Talib (2011-2014)
# Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 115

Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 115 (P. Oxy. 115 or P. Oxy. I 115) is a letter of consolation, written in Greek and discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. The document was written in the 2nd century. Currently it is housed in the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library (32) at Yale University.

## Description

The recto side of the document is a letter of consolation from Irene to Taonnophris and Philo, expressing her sympathy with them for the death of Eumoerus. The verso side contains the address "to Taonnophris and Philo." The measurements of the fragment are 79 by 77 mm.
It was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1898.

## Text

Irene to Taonnophris and Philo, good cheer! I was as much grieved and shed as many tears over Eumoerus as I shed for Didymas, and I did everything that was fitting, and so did all my friends, Epaphroditus and Thermouthion and Philion and Apollonius and Plantas. But still there is nothing one can do in the face of such trouble. So I leave you to comfort yourselves. Goodbye. Athyr 1.
# Cyclone Creek

Cyclone Creek is a tributary of the Grand River in Corson County, South Dakota. It is located within the Standing Rock Reservation.
Cyclone Creek was named after a cyclone incident in its area.
# Kathleen Lumley College

Kathleen Lumley College was a co-residential college located in Lower North Adelaide, South Australia, and affiliated with the University of Adelaide. It provided accommodation for postgraduate students from any of the institutions of higher learning in South Australia, as well as visiting academics and visitors to the State's cultural and research institutions. It closed in January 2022, as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the higher education sector.

## Facilities and History

The college had guest rooms with ensuite, sets (bedroom and study), as well as a number of two-room flats. The college was located a 15-minute walk from Adelaide's city centre, with a number of university playing fields outside its gates and within easy walking distance of shopping and dining spots. Each room was fully furnished, and the college provided a linen service for visitors. There were common entertainment, kitchen and laundry facilities (free-of-charge for residents and visitors). Breakfast and dinner were provided 6 days each week. Mondays through Thursdays, the menu was à la carte, with a wide range of dishes (including vegetarian fare). Formal dinners were held a number of times a year, and these were included in the residential costs, if the resident is on a six-month (24-week) or year-long (48-week) contract.
The college was founded in 1968 with funds donated by Kathleen Lumley. The RAIA Award-winning main building was designed in conjunction with the Union Building at the University of Adelaide by Neil Platten and Robert Dickson. The college was popular with international students, many of whom have gone on to prominent careers in teaching, diplomacy, public service and the private sector in their home countries. Country and interstate students were another prominent group in the college's community. Kathleen Lumley College has a number of elected Honorary and Research Fellows, as well as Research Associates, as part of its life. There were a limited number of Scholarships, Bursaries and other forms of financial support that long-term members of the college can apply for. The most recent of these has been the Cowan Grant Bursary, which emphasises support for students from the country.

## College Masters

| Period | Details |
| 1968 – 1979 | John H. Coates |
| 1980 – 2008 | David L. Clements |
| 2008 – 2018 | Felix Patrikeeff |
| 2018 – 2022 | Lesa Scholl |