# Ministry of New and Renewable Energy

The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) is a ministry of the Government of India, headed by current Union Cabinet Minister Pralhad Joshi, that is mainly responsible for research and development, intellectual property protection, and international cooperation, promotion, and coordination in renewable energy sources such as wind power, small hydro, biogas, Battery Energy Storage and solar power.
The broad aim of the ministry is to develop and deploy new and renewable energy for supplementing the energy requirements of India.
The ministry is headquartered in Lodi Road, New Delhi. According to the Ministry's 2016-17 annual report, India has made significant advances in several renewable energy sectors which include, solar energy, wind power, Battery energy storage system (BESS) and hydroelectricity.

## History

The 1970s energy crisis led to the establishment of the Commission for Additional Sources of Energy (CASE) in the Department of Science & Technology (India) in March 1981. The CASE was responsible for the formulation of policies and their implementation, creation of programmes for development of new and renewable energy and coordinating and intensifying R&D in the sector.
In 1982, a new department was created in the then Ministry of Energy, i.e., Department of Non-conventional Energy Sources (DNES). DNES incorporated CASE under its umbrella.
The ministry was established as the Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources in 1992. It adopted its current name in October 2006.

## Mission

The Mission of the Ministry is to ensure
* Energy Security: Lesser dependence on oil imports through development and deployment of alternative fuels (hydrogen, bio-fuels and synthetic fuels) and their applications to contribute towards bridging the gap between domestic oil supply and demand;
* Increase in the share of clean power: Renewable (bio, wind, hydro, solar, geothermal & tidal) electricity to supplement fossil fuel based electricity generation;
* Energy Availability and Access: Supplement energy needs of cooking, heating, motive power and captive generation in rural, urban, industrial and commercial sectors;
* Energy Affordability: Cost-competitive, convenient, safe, and reliable new and renewable energy supply options; and
* Energy Equity: Per-capita energy consumption at par with the global average level by 2050, through a sustainable and diverse fuel- mix.

## Vision

To develop new and renewable energy technologies, processes, materials, components, sub-systems, products & services at par with international specifications, standards and performance parameters in order to make the country a net foreign exchange earner in the sector and deploy such indigenously developed and/or manufactured products and services in furtherance of the national goal of energy security.

## Key functional areas

The major functional area or Allocation of Business of MNRE are:
* Commission for Additional Sources of Energy (CASE);
* Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency (IREDA);
* Integrated Rural Energy Programme (IREP);
* Research and development of Biogas and programmes relating to Biogas units;
* Solar Energy including Solar Photovoltaic devices and their development, production, and applications;
* Programme relating to improved chulhas and research and development thereof;
* All matters relating to small/mini/micro hydel projects and below 25 MW capacities;
* Research and development of other non-conventional/renewable sources of energy and programmes relating thereto;
* Tidal energy;
* Geothermal Energy;
* Biofuel: (i) National Policy; (ii) research, development and demonstration on transport, stationary and other applications; (iii) setting up of a National Bio-fuels Development Board and strengthening the existing institutional mechanism; and (iv) overall coordination.

## Initiatives

* Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) - The National Solar Mission was launched on 11 January 2010 by the Prime Minister. The Mission has set the ambitious target of deploying 20,000 MW of grid-connected solar power by 2022. Further, Government has revised the target of Grid Connected Solar Power Projects from 20,000 MW by the year 2021-22 to 100,000 MW by the year 2021-22 under the National Solar Mission and it was approved by Cabinet on 17 June 2015.
* National Biogas and Manure Management Programme (NBMMP)
* Solar Lantern Programme LALA
* Solar thermal energy Demonstration Programme
* Remote Village Lighting Programme
* National Biomass Cookstoves Initiative (NBCI)
* National Offshore Wind Energy Authority
* Association of Renewable energy agencies of states (AREAS): It was formed by Ministry for better coordination and sharing of best practices among various state nodal agencies for renewable energy. The Minister in charge of the MNRE (Ministry of New and Renewable energy) is the patron while the Secretary of MNRE is the ex-officio president of the association.
* One Sun One World One Grid initiative : The ambitious project aims to connect 140 countries of South East Asia and Middle East to a trans-national solar power grid. The idea was first proposed by India in 2018 assembly of International Solar Alliance and is aimed at moving one step ahead in the direction of target of government to produce 40% of its energy requirements from the renewable sources. The idea behind this initiative is, "Sun never sets" and it is constant at a particular geographic location at a given point of time. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy will head this initiative with technical support from the World Bank.

## Achievements
### Power from renewables
#### Grid-based

As per Annual Report 2016-17 of Ministry, As of December 2016, the Ministry was successful in deploying a total of 50068.37 Megawatt (MW) capacity of grid-based renewable energy. 28700.44 MW of which was from Wind power, 4333.85 MW from Small hydro Power, 7907.34 MW from Bio power 9012.66 MW from Solar power (SPV), and the rest 114.08 MW from Waste to Power.

#### Off-grid

During the same time period, the total deployment of an Off-grid based renewable energy capacity was about 1403.70 MW. Of these, Biomass (non-bagasse) Cogeneration consisted of 651.91 MW, Bio mass Gasifier was 186.88 MW Waste to energy was 163.35 MW, SPV Systems (of less than 1 Kilowatt (kW)) capacity was 405.54 1 MW, and the rest from micro-Hydro and Wind power.

### Other renewable energy systems

The total number of deployment of Family Biogas plant was 49.40 lakhs. And the total area that is covered with Solar water heating (SWH) systems was 4.47 Million m$^2$.

## Institutions

The Ministry has 5 specialized technical institution. They are:-
* National Institute of Solar Energy (NISE): National Institute of Solar Energy, an autonomous institution of Ministry of New and Renewable (MNRE), is the apex National R&D institution in the field Solar Energy. The Government of India has converted 25-year-old Solar Energy Centre (SEC) under MNRE to an autonomous institution in September 2013 to assist the Ministry in implementing the National Solar Mission and to coordinate research, technology, skill development, training, consultancy, incubation and other related works. NISE is located in Gurugram, Haryana
* National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE): NIWE has been established in Chennai in the year 1998, as an autonomous R&D institution by the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Government of India. It is a knowledge-based institution of high quality and dedication, offers services and seeks to find complete solutions for the kinds of difficulties and improvements in the entire spectrum of the wind energy sector by carrying out further research. NIWE is located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Website : https://niwe.res.in/
* Sardar Swaran Singh National Institute of Bio-Energy (SSS-NIBE): SSS-NIBE is an autonomous Institution of the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy. Govt. of India spread over a sprawling campus of about 75 acres, the Institute is marching towards development into a Global Centre of Excellence in the Bio-Energy. The objectives of the Institute are to carry out and facilitate research, design, development, testing, standardization & technology demonstration eventually leading to commercialization of RD&D output with a focus on bioenergy, biofuels & synthetic fuels in solid, liquid & gaseous forms for transportation, portable & stationary applications, development of hybrid / integrated energy systems, to undertake & facilitate human resource development at all levels including postdoctoral research. It is located in Kapurthala (Punjab).
* Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency (IREDA): IREDA is a Non-Banking Financial Institution under the administrative control of this Ministry for providing term loans for renewable energy and energy efficiency projects.IREDA is a Public Limited Government Company.
* Solar Energy Corporation of India (SECI): SECI is a CPSU under the administrative control of the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), set up on 20th Sept 2011 to facilitate the implementation of JNNSM and achievement of targets set therein. It is the only CPSU dedicated to the solar energy sector. It was originally incorporated as a section-25 (not for profit) company under the Companies Act, 1956

## State Nodal Agencies

The Ministry has established state nodal agencies in different states and union territories of India to promote and expand the growth of efficient energy use of renewable energy in their respective states. The primary objective of a state nodal agency under this ministry is to develop, coordinate, finance and promote research projects in the new and renewable energy field. It is also expected to devise programmes for research and development as well as applicative extensions of new and renewable energy sources.
State Nodal Agencies under Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, India :
| State | Nodal Agency | Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer |
| Andhra Pradesh | Non-Conventional Energy Development Corporation of Andhra Pradesh (NEDCAP) Ltd. | M. Kamalakar Babu |
| Arunachal Pradesh | Arunachal Pradesh Energy Development Agency (APEDA) | Marki Loya |
| Assam | Assam Energy Development Agency | Haresh Chandra Dutta |
| Bihar | Bihar Renewable Energy Development Agency | Dayanidhan Pandey |
| Chhattisgarh | Chhattisgarh State Renewable Energy Development Agency (CREDA) | S. K. Shukla |
| Goa | Goa Energy Development Agency | Michael M. D’souza |
| Gujarat | Gujarat Energy Development Agency (GEDA) | V A Vaghela |
| Haryana | Haryana Renewal Energy Development Agency (HAREDA) | Amneet P. Kumar |
| Himachal Pradesh | HIMURJA | Bhanu Pratap Singh |
| Jammu & Kashmir | Jammu & Kashmir Energy Development Agency (JAKEDA) | Sh. Gulzar Hussain |
| Jharkhand | Jharkhand Renewable Energy Development Agency | K. K. Verma |
| Karnataka | Karnataka Renewable Energy Development Agency Ltd. | G.V. Balaram |
| Kerala | Agency for Non-conventional Energy and Rural Technology (ANERT) | M Jayaraju |
| Madhya Pradesh | MP Urja Vikas Nigam Ltd. | SR Mohanty |
| Maharashtra | Maharashtra Energy Development Agency (MEDA) | Pravin Darade |
| Manipur | Manipur Renewable Energy Development Agency (MANIREDA) | Birmani Singh Chingtham |
| Meghalaya | Meghalaya Non-conventional & Rural Energy Development Agency | Jopthiaw Lyngdoh |
| Mizoram | Zoram Energy Development Agency (ZEDA) | Arun Kumar Tripathi |
| Nagaland | Nagaland Renewable Energy Development Agency | K.T. Wabang |
| Odisha | Odisha Renewable Energy Development Agency (OREDA) | Roopa Mishra |
| Punjab | Punjab Energy Development Agency | Amarpal Singh |
| Rajasthan | Rajasthan Renewable Energy Corporation Limited | B.K. Dosi |
| Sikkim | Sikkim Renewable Energy Development Agency | T.T. Bhutia |
| Tamil Nadu | Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency(TEDA) | |
| Tripura | Tripura Renewable Energy Development Agency | K.K.Ghosh |
| Uttar Pradesh | Non-conventional Energy Development Agency (NEDA) | Kumar Ravikant Singh |
| Uttarakhand | Uttarakhand Renewable Energy Development Agency (UREDA) | Ranjana Rajguru |
| Puducherry UT | Renewable Energy Agency Puducherry (REAP) | |
| West Bengal | West Bengal Renewable Energy Development Agency (WBREDA) | Narayan Swaroop Nigam |

## Cabinet Ministers

* Key: MoS (I/C) – Minister of State (Independent Charge)
| No. | Portrait | Portrait | Minister (Birth-Death) Constituency | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Political party | Ministry | Prime Minister | Prime Minister |
| No. | Portrait | Portrait | Minister (Birth-Death) Constituency | From | To | Period | Political party | Ministry | Prime Minister | Prime Minister |
| Minister of Non-Conventional Energy Sources |||||||||||
| 1 | | | Kalpnath Rai (1941–1999) MP for Ghosi (MoS, I/C) | 21 June 1991 | 2 July 1992 | 1 year, 11 days | Indian National Congress (I) | Rao | | P. V. Narasimha Rao |
| – | | | P. V. Narasimha Rao (1921–2004) MP for Nandyal (Prime Minister) | 2 July 1992 | 16 May 1996 | 3 years, 319 days | Indian National Congress (I) | Rao | | P. V. Narasimha Rao |
| – | | | Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1924–2018) MP for Lucknow (Prime Minister) | 16 May 1996 | 1 June 1996 | 16 days | Bharatiya Janata Party | Vajpayee I | | Self |
| – | | | H. D. Deve Gowda (born 1933) Rajya Sabha MP for Karnataka (Prime Minister) | 1 June 1996 | 21 February 1997 | 265 days | Janata Dal | Deve Gowda | | H. D. Deve Gowda |
| 2 | | | Captain Jai Narain Prasad Nishad (1930–2018) MP for Muzaffarpur (MoS, I/C) | 21 February 1997 | 21 April 1997 | 323 days | Janata Dal | Deve Gowda | | H. D. Deve Gowda |
| 2 | | | Captain Jai Narain Prasad Nishad (1930–2018) MP for Muzaffarpur (MoS, I/C) | 21 April 1997 | 10 January 1998 | 323 days | Janata Dal | Gujral | | Inder Kumar Gujral |
| – | | | Inder Kumar Gujral (1919–2012) Rajya Sabha MP for Bihar (Prime Minister) | 10 January 1998 | 19 March 1998 | 68 days | | Gujral | | Inder Kumar Gujral |
| – | | | Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1924–2018) MP for Lucknow (Prime Minister) | 19 March 1998 | 3 February 1999 | 321 days | Bharatiya Janata Party | Vajpayee II | | Atal Bihari Vajpayee |
| 3 | | | Rangarajan Kumaramangalam (1952–2000) MP for Tiruchirappalli | 3 February 1999 | 13 October 1999 | 252 days | Bharatiya Janata Party | Vajpayee II | | Atal Bihari Vajpayee |
| 4 | | | M. Kannappan MP for Tiruchengode (MoS, I/C) | 13 October 1999 | 30 December 2003 | 4 years, 78 days | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | Vajpayee III | | Atal Bihari Vajpayee |
| – | | | Atal Bihari Vajpayee (1924–2018) MP for Lucknow (Prime Minister) | 30 December 2003 | 9 January 2004 | 10 days | Bharatiya Janata Party | Vajpayee III | | Atal Bihari Vajpayee |
| 5 | | | Kariya Munda (born 1936) MP for Khunti | 9 January 2004 | 22 May 2004 | 134 days | Bharatiya Janata Party | Vajpayee III | | Atal Bihari Vajpayee |
| 6 | | | Vilas Muttemwar (born 1949) MP for Nagpur (MoS, I/C) | 23 May 2004 | 20 October 2006 | 2 years, 150 days | Indian National Congress | Manmohan I | | Manmohan Singh |
| Minister of New and Renewable Energy |||||||||||
| (6) | | | Vilas Muttemwar (born 1949) MP for Nagpur (MoS, I/C) | 20 October 2006 | 22 May 2009 | 2 years, 214 days | Indian National Congress | Manmohan I | | Manmohan Singh |
| 7 | | | Farooq Abdullah (born 1937) MP for Srinagar | 29 May 2009 | 26 May 2014 | 4 years, 362 days | Jammu and Kashmir National Conference | Manmohan II | | Manmohan Singh |
| 8 | | | Piyush Goyal (born 1964) Rajya Sabha MP for Maharashtra | 27 May 2014 | 3 September 2017 | 3 years, 99 days | Bharatiya Janata Party | Modi I | | Narendra Modi |
| 9 | | | Raj Kumar Singh (born 1952) MP for Arrah (MoS, I/C until 7 July 2021) | 3 September 2017 | 30 May 2017 | 6 years, 280 days | Bharatiya Janata Party | Modi I | | Narendra Modi |
| 9 | | | Raj Kumar Singh (born 1952) MP for Arrah (MoS, I/C until 7 July 2021) | 31 May 2019 | 9 June 2024 | 6 years, 280 days | Bharatiya Janata Party | Modi II | | Narendra Modi |
| 10 | | | Pralhad Joshi (born 1962) MP for Dharwad | 10 June 2024 | Incumbent | 275 days | Bharatiya Janata Party | Modi III | | Narendra Modi |

## Ministers of State

| No. | Portrait | Portrait | Minister (Birth-Death) Constituency | Term of office | Term of office | Term of office | Political party | Ministry | Prime Minister | Prime Minister |
| No. | Portrait | Portrait | Minister (Birth-Death) Constituency | From | To | Period | Political party | Ministry | Prime Minister | Prime Minister |
| Minister of State for Non-Conventional Energy Sources |||||||||||
| 1 | | | Sukh Ram (1927–2022) MP for Mandi | 2 July 1992 | 18 January 1993 | 200 days | Indian National Congress (I) | Rao | | P. V. Narasimha Rao |
| 2 | | | S. Krishna Kumar (born 1939) MP for Quilon | 18 January 1993 | 13 September 1995 | 2 years, 238 days | Indian National Congress (I) | Rao | | P. V. Narasimha Rao |
| 3 | | | P. J. Kurien (born 1941) MP for Mavelikara | 13 September 1995 | 16 May 1996 | 246 days | Indian National Congress (I) | Rao | | P. V. Narasimha Rao |
| 4 | | | Samudrala Venugopal Chary (born 1959) MP for Adilabad | 29 June 1996 | 21 February 1997 | 237 days | Telugu Desam Party | Deve Gowda | | H. D. Deve Gowda |
| 5 | | | T. R. Baalu (born 1941) MP for Chennai South | 10 January 1998 | 19 March 1998 | 68 days | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | Vajpayee II | | Atal Bihari Vajpayee |
| Minister of State for New and Renewable Energy |||||||||||
| 6 | | | S. Jagathrakshakan (born 1950) MP for Arakkonam | 28 October 2012 | 2 November 2012 | 5 days | Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam | Manmohan II | | Manmohan Singh |
| 7 | | | Bhagwanth Khuba (born 1967) MP for Bidar | 7 July 2021 | 9 June 2024 | 2 years, 338 days | Bharatiya Janata Party | Modi II | | Narendra Modi |
| 8 | | | Shripad Naik (born 1952) MP for North Goa | 10 June 2024 | Incumbent | 275 days | Bharatiya Janata Party | Modi III | | Narendra Modi |