# Alexander County, North Carolina

Alexander County is a county established in the U.S. state of North Carolina in 1847. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,444. Its county seat is Taylorsville. Alexander County is part of the Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## History

Alexander County was formed in 1847 from portions of what were then Iredell County (formed in 1788 from Rowan County), Caldwell County (formed from Burke County in 1841), and Wilkes County (formed from Surry County and Washington District in 1771).
Alexander County was named for William Julius Alexander who was a Speaker of the North Carolina House of Commons. This Piedmont area was settled primarily by farmers, many of Scots-Irish descent, as well as German descent in the southern section of Alexander County.
The county was established by two acts of the North Carolina General Assembly, one ratified on January 15 and one ratified on January 18, 1847. These acts were not to take effect until it was determined that Caldwell County would have 5,000 people in it. On August 10–11, 1847, the first sale of land in the county seat (Taylorsville) took place. Taylorsville is the namesake of either John Louis Taylor, Carolina agriculturist and political philosopher, or General Zachary Taylor, the twelfth president of the United States. With the proceeds from the sale, the county built the first courthouse on the present site.
When the American Civil War began in 1861, Alexander County was fourteen years old. The court house records in Taylorsville were destroyed by troops under Major General George Stoneman in a raid on Easter Sunday in 1865.
The Alexander Railroad based in Taylorsville began in 1946, with one connection to Norfolk Southern in Statesville, North Carolina. The short line rail system operates between Taylorsville and Statesville.

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 263.64 square miles (682.8 km$^2$), of which 259.99 square miles (673.4 km$^2$) is land and 3.65 square miles (9.5 km$^2$) (1.39%) is water.
Alexander County is located within the Foothills region of western North Carolina. The county's main geographic feature is the Brushy Mountains, a deeply eroded spur of the Blue Ridge Mountains to the west. The "Brushies," as they are called locally, rise from 300 to 1,000 feet (300 m) above the surrounding countryside, and dominate the county's northern horizon. The highest point in Alexander County is Hickory Knob in the Brushies; it has an elevation of 2,560 feet (780 m) above sea level. Barrett Mountain, an isolated mountain ridge, is in the western part of the county. The remainder of Alexander County's terrain consists of gently rolling countryside. The county's largest river, the Catawba, forms its southern border.
Within Alexander County is the unincorporated town of Hiddenite, the location of a mine that yields emeralds, sapphires, and its namesake stone "hiddenite," a variety of spodumene.
The county is served by US Highway 64, a controlled-access roadway connecting Taylorsville with Lenoir and Statesville. NC Highways 90, 16, and 127 also serve the county. Interstate 40 and 77 are 30 minutes from the majority of county residents. The Charlotte Douglas International Airport is an hour's drive from most parts of the county. The area is also served by the Hickory Regional Airport (30 minutes) and the Statesville Airport (20 minutes). The Alexander Railroad Company is an active short-line rail system operating between Taylorsville and Statesville, and connecting with Norfolk Southern.

### State and local protected area

* Rocky Face Mountain Recreational Area

### Major water bodies

* Catawba River
* Cub Creek
* Duck Creek
* Elk Shoals Creek
* Grassy Creek
* Lake Hickory
* Lookout Shoals Lake
* Lower Little River
* Middle Little River
* Mill Creek
* Rink Lake
* Rock Creek
* Rocky Creek
* Shuford Pond
* Snow Creek
* South Yadkin River
* Spring Creek
* Third Creek
* Wallace Creek
* White Creek

### Adjacent counties

* Wilkes County – north
* Iredell County – east
* Catawba County – south
* Caldwell County – west

### Major highways

* US 64
* NC 16
* NC 16 Truck (truck route)
* NC 90
* NC 127

### Major infrastructure

* The county is served by one railroad, the Alexander Railroad Company

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Alexander County racial composition :
| Race | Number | Percentage |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 30,893 | 84.77% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 1,919 | 5.27% |
| Native American | 111 | 0.3% |
| Asian | 390 | 1.07% |
| Pacific Islander | 1 | 0.0% |
| Other/Mixed | 1,294 | 3.55% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 1,836 | 5.04% |
As of the 2020 census, there were 36,444 people, 14,169 households, and 10,232 families residing in the county.

### 2000 census

At the 2000 census there were 33,603 people, 13,137 households, and 9,747 families residing in the county. The population density was 129 people per square mile (50 people/km$^2$). There were 14,098 housing units at an average density of 54 units per square mile (21 units/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 92.00% White, 4.63% Black or African American, 0.15% Native American, 1.04% Asian, 1.34% from other races, and 0.84% from two or more races. 2.50% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
There were 13,137 households, out of which 32.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.50% were married couples living together, 9.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 25.80% were non-families. 21.90% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 2.95.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 24.50% under the age of 18, 7.90% from 18 to 24, 31.10% from 25 to 44, 24.60% from 45 to 64, and 11.90% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 99.40 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.70 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $38,684, and the median income for a family was $45,691. Males had a median income of $29,857 versus $21,868 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,507. About 5.90% of families and 8.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.20% of those under age 18 and 14.60% of those age 65 or over.

## Government and politics

Alexander is currently a powerfully Republican county in Presidential elections. The only Democrat to carry the county in the past nineteen Presidential contests has been Jimmy Carter in 1976, although Barry Goldwater won the county by a mere thirty-eight votes in 1964. In contrast, Hillary Clinton in 2016 obtained barely twenty percent of the county's vote. The county did vote mainly Democratic during the Third Party System, but Populist sentiments in the 1890s have meant the county has supported the party only five times since 1896.
United States presidential election results for Alexander County, North Carolina :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 16,404 | 79.33% | 4,060 | 19.64% | 213 | 1.03% |
| 2020 | 15,888 | 78.51% | 4,145 | 20.48% | 203 | 1.00% |
| 2016 | 13,893 | 76.04% | 3,767 | 20.62% | 611 | 3.34% |
| 2012 | 12,253 | 71.25% | 4,611 | 26.81% | 332 | 1.93% |
| 2008 | 11,790 | 68.33% | 5,167 | 29.95% | 297 | 1.72% |
| 2004 | 10,928 | 70.05% | 4,618 | 29.60% | 54 | 0.35% |
| 2000 | 9,242 | 68.50% | 4,166 | 30.88% | 84 | 0.62% |
| 1996 | 6,748 | 57.53% | 3,955 | 33.72% | 1,027 | 8.76% |
| 1992 | 6,764 | 49.64% | 4,849 | 35.59% | 2,013 | 14.77% |
| 1988 | 7,968 | 65.56% | 4,148 | 34.13% | 38 | 0.31% |
| 1984 | 8,502 | 70.22% | 3,581 | 29.58% | 24 | 0.20% |
| 1980 | 6,376 | 57.39% | 4,546 | 40.92% | 187 | 1.68% |
| 1976 | 4,661 | 46.73% | 5,287 | 53.00% | 27 | 0.27% |
| 1972 | 5,865 | 68.95% | 2,468 | 29.01% | 173 | 2.03% |
| 1968 | 4,379 | 52.03% | 1,834 | 21.79% | 2,203 | 26.18% |
| 1964 | 3,760 | 50.25% | 3,722 | 49.75% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1960 | 4,175 | 51.35% | 3,956 | 48.65% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1956 | 3,767 | 58.16% | 2,710 | 41.84% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1952 | 3,597 | 57.44% | 2,665 | 42.56% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1948 | 2,314 | 47.98% | 2,057 | 42.65% | 452 | 9.37% |
| 1944 | 2,971 | 56.56% | 2,282 | 43.44% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1940 | 2,217 | 44.73% | 2,739 | 55.27% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1936 | 2,451 | 42.90% | 3,262 | 57.10% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1932 | 1,952 | 39.57% | 2,953 | 59.86% | 28 | 0.57% |
| 1928 | 2,605 | 60.20% | 1,722 | 39.80% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1924 | 2,437 | 51.33% | 2,291 | 48.25% | 20 | 0.42% |
| 1920 | 2,643 | 56.38% | 2,045 | 43.62% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1916 | 1,187 | 55.44% | 954 | 44.56% | 0 | 0.00% |
| 1912 | 523 | 27.94% | 852 | 45.51% | 497 | 26.55% |
Alexander County is a member of the regional Western Piedmont Council of Governments.

## Communities
### Town

* Taylorsville (county seat, since 1847): First post master was Alexander C. McIntosh. Post office since November 26, 1847. Formerly called James Cross Roads in Iredell County prior to 1847.

### Townships

By the requirements of the North Carolina Constitution of 1868, counties were divided into non-functioning county subdivisions called townships. There are eight townships in Alexander County:
* Ellendale
* Gwaltneys
* Little River
* Millers
* Sharpes
* Sugar Loaf
* Taylorsville
* Wittenburg

### Census-designated places

* Bethlehem (largest community)
* Hiddenite: First postmaster was Quintis C. Patterson. Post office since February 10, 1888.
* Stony Point: First postmaster was John A. Murchison. Post office since October 21, 1847; also in Iredell County.

### Unincorporated communities

Unincorporated communities in Alexander County include:
* Drumstand: Site of Drumstand community building
* Ellendale: First postmaster was William S. McLeod. Post office from July 1, 1880, to January 30, 1904.
* Little River: First postmaster was Burton Reid. Post office from November 10, 1852, to September 15, 1906. 1841 to 1847 part of Caldwell County, part of Burke County before 1841.
* Millersville
* Sugar Loaf
* Vashti: First postmaster was Humphrey T. Cambell. Post office from February 12, 1886, to March 31, 1903.
* Wittenburg: The first postmaster was Joseph B. Bradburn. Post office from May 31, 1848, to March 15, 1909. Before 1847, part of Caldwell County.

### Population ranking

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2020 census of Alexander County.
† = county seat
| Rank | Name | Type | Population (2020 census) |
| 1 | Bethlehem | CDP | 4,491 |
| 2 | † Taylorsville | Town | 2,320 |
| 3 | Stony Point | CDP | 1,146 |
| 4 | Hiddenite | CDP | 507 |

## Historic post offices and other sites

Historical post offices that were part of Alexander County include:
* Mount Pisgah: First postmaster was Reuben O. Bennett. Post office from April 9, 1849, to April 15, 1909.
* Elk Shoal: First postmaster was Ephraim M. Alexander. Post office from March 5, 1852, to November 26, 1852. Post office changed to Elk Shoal #2 on September 27, 1858, with David M. Moore as post master. Became part of Iredell County in 1868. Changed to Elk Shoal #3 in 1881 and became part of Alexander County. New postmaster was Nicholas L. Norton on August 4, 1881. Post office discontinued on January 15, 1901.
* York Collegiate Institute: First postmaster was Richard W. York. Post office from December 13, 1855, to April 2, 1859. Name was changed to Montane Female Academy on April 2, 1859, with Thaddeus L. Troy as postmaster until November 28, 1859, when the name was changed back to York Collegiate Institute with Harrison L. Smith as postmaster. Post office discontinued on December 4, 1903.
* Salem Grove: First postmaster was William W. Teague. Post office lasted from August 7 to 9, 1872.
* Jumping Run: First postmaster was James F. Gryder. Post office from August 15, 1871, to October 15, 1872.
* Cedar Run: First postmaster was John H. Ellis. Post office from February 9, 1876, to September 14, 1903.
* Little River: First postmaster was Burton Reid. Post office from November 10, 1952, to September 15, 1906. Formerly in Burke County before 1841 and Caldwell County in 1841.
* Mount Bethel: First postmaster was Adam P. Bohick. Post office from May 8, 1876, to March 15, 1913.
* Barnetts Mountain: First postmaster was David L. Mitchell. Post office from December 29, 1876, to April 13, 1881.
* Kilby: First postmaster was Leander R. Goforth. Post office from May 3, 1880, to May 15, 1905.
* Pilgrim: First postmaster was William E. Millsope. Post office from June 30, 1880, to October 15, 1882.
* Bentley: First postmaster was William W. Teague. Post office from January 24, 1881, to September 30, 1941.
* Hedrick: First postmaster was Edward L. Hedrick. Post office from October 7, 1881, to September 30, 1903.
* Broad Shoals: First postmaster was Thomas Little. Post office from October 31, 1881, to November 15, 1904.
* Grade: First postmaster was John P. Brewer. Post office from June 11, 1882, to May 15, 1900. Originally Iredell County and became Alexander County in 1888.

### Other historic sites

* Old Jail Museum: 1919 jail in Taylorsville, now a museum
* Lucas Mansion: Restored turn of the century home of James "Diamond Jim" Lucas in Hiddenite Center
* Friendship Church: Lutheran and Evangelical church organized in 1833, near Taylorsville
* Linney's Mill: Built in 1790 by Richard Cook. Located on the northeast corner of Alexander County, it is still operational.
* Little River Baptist Church: first association meeting in 1771 (in what became Alexander County in 1847), church erected in 1786, originally called "Old Meeting House"