# List of underground newspapers of the 1960s counterculture

This is a partial list of the local underground newspapers launched during the Sixties era of the hippie/psychedelic/youth/counterculture/New Left/antiwar movements, approximately 1965–1973. This list includes periodically appearing papers of general countercultural interest printed in a newspaper format, and specific to a particular locale.

## Australia

* Sydney FTA, Sydney, 1970

## Belgium

* Amenophis, Brussels, 1965–1975
* Real Free Press, Antwerp

## Canada
### Alberta

* Canada Goose, Edmonton

### British Columbia

* The Georgia Straight, Vancouver

### Manitoba

* The Lovin' Couch Press, Winnipeg
* Ǒmṕhalǒs, Winnipeg

### Ontario

* Harbinger, Toronto
* Octopus, Ottawa (later Ottawa's Free Press)

### Quebec

* Pop-See-Cul, Montreal, 1967–1968
* Mainmise, Montreal, 1970–1978

## France

* Actuel, Paris
* Interluttes, Paris

## India

* Hungry Generation weekly bulletins, Calcutta (1961–1965)
* Krittibas

## Italy

* Fuori!
* Re Nudo
* Tampax

## United Kingdom

* Black Dwarf
* Brighton Voice
* Friends (later Frendz)
* Gandalf's Garden
* Ink
* International Times (also IT)
* Mole Express
* Oz

## United States
### Alabama

* Exponent, University of Alabama in Huntsville, 1969–present
* High gauge, Tuscaloosa
* Rearguard, Mobile, 1971

### Arizona

* Bandersnatch, Tempe, 1968–1969
* Butterfield Express, Tucson
* Druid Free Press, Tempe, 1969
* Gambit, Tempe, 1968
* Rebirth, Phoenix, 1969
* Resurrection, Tucson, 1970

### California

* Alto, Isla Vista, 1967–1969
* Berkeley Barb, Berkeley, 1965–1980
* Berkeley Tribe, Berkeley, 1969–1972 (split from the Berkeley Barb after staff went on strike)
* The Black Panther, Oakland
* Bullsheet, Pasadena, 1969–1974
* Dock of the Bay, San Francisco
* Free Spaghetti Dinner, Santa Cruz
* From Out of Sherwood Forest, Newport Beach
* Good Times, San Francisco, 1969–1972 (formerly San Francisco Express-Times)
* Haight Ashbury Free Press, San Francisco
* Haight Ashbury Tribune, San Francisco (at least 16 issues)
* Illustrated Paper, Mendocino, 1966–1967
* Leviathan, San Francisco, 1969–1970
* Long Beach Free Press, Long Beach, 1969–1970
* Los Angeles Free Press, Los Angeles, 1964–1978 (new series 2005–present)
* Los Angeles Staff, Los Angeles (splintered from Los Angeles Free Press)
* Los Angeles Underground, Los Angeles, first issue published April 1, 1967 by Al & Barbara (Dolores) Mitchell
* Northcoast Ripsaw, Eureka
* OB Rag, Ocean Beach, 1970–1975 (new series 2001–2003, blog 2007–present)
* Open City, Los Angeles, 1967–1969
* Oracle of Southern California, Los Angeles
* The Organ, Fresno, 1968
* The Organ, San Francisco, 1970–1971
* Peninsula Observer, Palo Alto
* The San Diego Door, San Diego, 1966–1970 (formerly Good Morning, Teaspoon)
* San Diego Free Press, San Diego 1968–1970 (changed name to San Diego Street Journal)
* San Francisco Express Times, San Francisco, 1968–1969 (changed name to Good Times)
* San Francisco Oracle, San Francisco, 1966–1968
* San Jose Maverick, San Jose
* San Jose Red Eye, San Jose
* Seventy-Nine Cent Spread, Carmel
* Stockton Silver Hammer, Stockton
* SunDance, San Francisco, 1972
* Tuesday's Child, Los Angeles, 1969–1970

### Colorado

* Aboveground, Colorado Springs, 1969–1970
* Blue Screw, Aurora, 1973–1974
* Chinook, Denver, 1969–1972
* El Gallo, Denver, 1967–1975
* Mountain Free Press, Denver, 1968–1970

### Connecticut

* Hartford's Other Voice, Hartford
* Storrs Weekly Reader, Storrs, 1971–1973
* View from the Bottom, New Haven

### Delaware

* Heterodoxical Voice, Newark

### District of Columbia

* Colonial Times, 1971–1972
* The Daily Rag, 1972
* Quicksilver Times, 1969–1972
* Washington Free Press

### Florida

* Amazing Grace, Tallahassee
* Aquarian, Temple Terrace, 1969
* Balaklava, Sarasota
* Bay Area Free Press, Tampa, 1970
* Both Sides Now, Jacksonville, 1969–1975
* Daily Planet, Miami (formerly Miami Free Press)
* Gulf Coast Fish Cheer, Pensacola
* Iconoclast, Pensacola, Florida, 1971–1974
* The Monocle, Tampa
* Ragweed, St. Petersburg

### Georgia

* Albion's Grace, Savannah
* The Great Speckled Bird, Atlanta, 1968–1976

### Illinois

* The Angry Voice, Greenville, 1969–1970
* Big Muddy Gazette, Carbondale, 1969–1972
* The Bridge, Chicago, 1967–1968
* Chicago Seed, Chicago, 1967–1973
* Chicago Kaleidoscope, Chicago
* Curb: Dedicated to Curbing Armed Problem Solving and Solving People Problems, Elmhurst, 1970–1973
* A Four Year Bummer, Champaign, 1969–1970
* News from Nowhere, DeKalb
* Rising Up Angry, Chicago, 1969–1975
* Second City, Chicago
* The Walrus, University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana, 1968–1973

### Indiana

* Bauls of the Brickyard, West Lafayette, 1969
* Grinding Stone, Terre Haute
* Indianapolis Free Press, Indianapolis, 1969–1970
* The Only Alternative, Muncie, 1968–1971
* The Spectator, Bloomington, 1966–1971

### Iowa

* Middle Earth, Iowa City, 1967–1968
* Pterodactyl, Grinnell

### Kansas

* Alchemist, Manhattan, 1968–1969
* Custer's Last Stand, Manhattan, 1971
* Vortex, Lawrence

### Kentucky

* Blue-tail fly, Lexington
* Callallo #20, Lexington
* Free Press of Louisville, Louisville

### Louisiana

* In Arcane Logos, New Orleans, 1969
* NOLA Express, New Orleans
* The Ungarbled Word, New Orleans

### Maryland

* Baltimore Free Press, Baltimore, 1968
* Dragon Seed, Baltimore, 1972
* Harry, Baltimore, 1969–1970
* The Pawn, Fort Detrick, 1969–1970

### Massachusetts

* Avatar, Boston, 1967–1968
* Boston Free Press, Boston
* Boston Phoenix
* East Boston Community News, 1970-1989 Footnote links to Northeastern University Library's archive of all editions
* The Free Press of Springfield, Springfield (became Common Sense in 1969)
* Mother of Voices, Amherst
* Old Mole, Cambridge
* Thursday, Cambridge
* Worcester Phoenix
* Worcester Punch, Worcester
* Zig zag, Montague

### Michigan

* Ann Arbor Argus, Ann Arbor, 1969–1971
* Ann Arbor Sun, Ann Arbor, 1971–1976
* Fifth Estate, Detroit, 1965–present
* god mother and apple pie/Up Against the Wall Street Journal, Saginaw, 1969–1971
* The Paper, East Lansing
* South End, East Lansing

### Minnesota

* The Freeway, Duluth, 1971
* Hundred Flowers, Minneapolis, 1970–1972
* Minneapolis Flag, Minneapolis, 1969
* Hair, Minneapolis, 1969-1970.

### Mississippi

* Creem, Birmingham
* Kudzu, Jackson, 1968–1972

### Missouri

* Daily Flash, St. Louis (changed name to Xanadu)
* The New Hard Times, (St. Louis, 1968–1970
* The Outlaw, St. Louis, 1970–1973

### Montana

* Borrowed Times, Missoula, 1972–1980

### Nebraska

* Buffalo Chip, Omaha (started December 1967)
* Omaha Kaleidoscope, Omaha

### Nevada

* Las Vegas Free Press, Las Vegas
* Love, Reno

### New Jersey

* Abas, Newark, 1968–1969
* All You Can Eat, New Brunswick, 1970–1973

### New Mexico

* Astral Projection, Albuquerque
* Caliche County Rendering Works, Albuquerque, 1968–1970
* The Fountain of Light, Taos, 1968–1970
* The Hips Voice, Santa Fe

### New York

* Buffalo Insighter, Buffalo, 1967–1968
* East Village Other, New York City, 1965–1972
* Edge City, Syracuse, 1970–1971
* New York Ace, New York City, 1971–1972
* New York Avatar, New York City
* New York Free Press, New York City
* Other Scenes (dispatched from various locations around the world)
* Rat Subterranean News, New York City, 1968–1970 (later Women's LibeRATion)
* Space, Binghamton, 1972 (formerly Lost in Space)

### North Carolina

* The Anvil, Durham, 1967–1983
* The Inquisition, Charlotte
* Protean Radish, Chapel Hill

### Ohio

* Angry City Press, Cleveland, 1970
* Aquarius, Dayton
* The Big Us, Cleveland, 1968–1970 (changed name to Burning River News)
* Columbus Free Press, Columbus, 1969–present
* Cuyahoga Current, Cleveland, Ohio, 1972-
* Great Swamp Erie Da Da Boom, Cleveland, 1970–1972
* Hash, Warren, 1970–1972
* Independent Eye, Cincinnati
* New Age, Athens
* Queen City Express, Cincinnati
* Razzberry Radicle, Dayton
* Minority Report, Dayton

### Oklahoma

* Home Cookin, Oklahoma City
* Jones Family Grandchildren, Norman
* Jones Family Grandchildren II, Stillwater
* Osmosis, Tulsa, 1972

### Oregon

* Eugene Augur, Eugene, 1969–1972
* Willamette Bridge, Portland, 1968–1971

### Pennsylvania

* Common Sense, Philadelphia, published by Philadelphia Resistance, 1969–1974
* Distant Drummer, Philadelphia, 1970–1979 (changed name to The Drummer)
* Philadelphia Free Press, Philadelphia, 1968–1972
* Pittsburgh Fair Witness, Pittsburgh, 1970–1973 (changed name from Grok)
* Plain Dealer, Philadelphia
* Water Tunnel, State College
* Yarrowstalks, Philadelphia

### Rhode Island

* Extra!, Providence

### Tennessee

* Root, Memphis, 1969
* The Hinterlands, Knoxville, 1966

### Texas

* Dallas Notes, Dallas, 1967–1970 (originally Notes from the Underground)
* The Eagle bone whistle, San Antonio
* The Rag, Austin, 1966–1977
* San Antonio Gazette, San Antonio, 1971–1975
* Space City, Houston, 1969–1972 (originally Space City News)

### Utah

* Electric Newspaper, Salt Lake City, 1968 (at least 5 issues)
* Utah Free Press, Salt Lake City, 1966–1969

### Vermont

* The first issue, Plainfield
* Windham Free Press, Putney

### Virginia

* Alice: Blacksburg Free Press, Blacksburg
* The Liberated Castle, Fort Belvoir, 1971
* Richmond Chronicle, Richmond

### Washington

* Helix, Seattle, 1967–1970
* Northwest Passage, Bellingham, 1969–1986
* Sabot, Seattle, 1970–1971
* Spokane Natural, Spokane, 1967–1970
* The Avatar, Olympia, 1967-1969?

### West Virginia

* Buffalo Chips, Huntington
* Liberator, Morgantown, 1969–1971? (later Mountain Liberator)

### Wisconsin

* Bugle-American, Milwaukee, 1970–1978
* The Caravan, Milwaukee, 1967–1971
* Connections, Madison, 1967–1969
* Counterpoint, Stevens Point
* Fox Valley Kaleidoscope, Oshkosh, 1970
* Kaleidoscope, Milwaukee, 1967–1971
* Madison Kaleidoscope, Madison
* Mega Middle Myth, Beloit, 1968
* Off the Pigs!, Madison, 1970's (affiliated with The People's Office)
* The People's Dreadnaught, Beloit
* What's Left, Milwaukee, 1970's