# Foreign relations of Montenegro

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
In a referendum on 21 May 2006, the people of Montenegro opted to leave the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro. This result was confirmed with a declaration of independence by the Montenegrin parliament on 3 June 2006. It simultaneously requested international recognition and outlined foreign policy goals.
As enumerated in the parliamentary declaration of 3 June 2006, Montenegro's near-term primary foreign policy objectives are integration into the European Union, membership in the United Nations, to which it was admitted on 28 June 2006 and in NATO (which it joined as of 2017).
Russia gave official recognition on 11 June 2006, and was the first permanent member of the United Nations Security Council to do so. The European Council of Ministers recognized Montenegrin independence on 12 June, as did the United States. The United Kingdom extended recognition on 13 June. The last two permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, France and the People's Republic of China recognised the government of Montenegro on 14 June.

## Membership in international organizations

| Organization | Application date | Admission date |
| NATO Full Membership | 4 Dec 2009 | 5 June 2017 |
| NATO's Partnership for Peace Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine | 30 August 2006 Archived 2012-02-05 at the Wayback Machine | 14 December 2006 |
| International Criminal Court (ICCt) | | 23 October 2006 |
| Council of Europe (CoE) | 6 June 2006 | 11 May 2007 |
| Southeast European Cooperation Process (SECP) | | 11 May 2007 Archived 2007-03-17 at the Wayback Machine |
| Black Sea Economic Co-operation (BSEC) | | not granted because of the Cyprus dispute Archived 2007-09-30 at archive.today |
| Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) | | Y |
| United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) | | 1 March 2007 |
| World Trade Organization (WTO) | 10 December 2004 | 29 April 2012 |
| United Nations (UN) | 5 June 2006 | 28 June 2006 |
| World Health Organization (WHO) | 29 August 2006 | 14 September 2006 |
| International Telecommunication Union (ITU) | | 21 June 2006 Archived 2008-12-11 at the Wayback Machine |
| Energy Community | | 1 January 2007 |
| Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) Archived 2021-11-17 at the Wayback Machine | 5 June 2006 | 22 June 2006 Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine |
| International Labour Organization (ILO) | | 18 July 2006 |
| Universal Postal Union (UPU) | | 26 July 2006 Archived 2010-05-25 at the Wayback Machine |
| Central European Initiative (CEI) | | 2 August 2006 Archived 2012-02-04 at the Wayback Machine |
| Stability Pact for Southeastern Europe | 3 August 2006 | Y |
| International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) | 14 June 2006 | 18 September 2006 |
| International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol) | 27 July 2006 | 22 September 2006 |
| International Maritime Organization (IMO) | | 10 October 2006 |
| Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) | | 16 October 2006 |
| Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) | | 23 October 2006 |
| World Customs Organization (WCO) | | 24 October 2006 |
| European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) | | 25 October 2006 Archived 2012-02-05 at the Wayback Machine |
| International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) | | Archived 2007-07-03 at the Wayback Machine |
| United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) | | 22 November 2006 Archived 2007-07-01 at the Wayback Machine |
| International Organization for Migration (IOM) | | 28 November 2006 |
| World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) | | 4 December 2006 |
| International Monetary Fund (IMF) | 18 July 2006 | 18 January 2007 |
| World Bank Group (IBRD, IDA, IFC, MIGA) | 3 August 2006 Archived 2008-03-24 at the Wayback Machine | 18 January 2007 |
| United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) | | Archived 2008-04-09 at the Wayback Machine |
| World Meteorological Organization (WMO) | | 25 May 2007 |
| World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) | | 30 November 2007 |
| International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) | | 21 September 2006 |
| International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) | | 16 February 2015 |
| International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) | | |
| International Organization for Standardization (ISO) | | |
| Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) | | 3 June 2006 |
| Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI) | | June 2008 |
| European Civil Aviation Conference | | June 2008 |
| EUROCONTROL | | 1 July 2007 |
| Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) | | 17 November 2007 Archived 27 December 2019 at the Wayback Machine |
| European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E) | | |
| Intergovernmental Organisation for International Carriage by Rail (OTIF) | | 1 July 2010 |
| Council of Bureaux (CoBx) | | 2012 |
| Union for the Mediterranean | | 13 July 2008 |
| Full European Union Membership | 15 December 2008 | |
| International Sports Organizations |||
| International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) | | 27 July 2006 |
| International Handball Federation (IHF) | | 7 August 2006 |
| International Swimming Federation (FINA) | | 21 August 2006 Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine |
| International Tennis Federation (ITF) | | 24 August 2006 |
| International Basketball Federation (FIBA) | | 27 August 2006 |
| International Volleyball Federation (FIVB) | | 23 October 2006 |
| Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) | 30 June 2006 | 26 January 2007 |
| World Taekwondo Federation (WTF) | | 17 May 2007 |
| International Football Federation (FIFA) | 30 June 2006 | 31 May 2007 |
| International Archery Federation (FITA) | | 5 July 2007 Archived 2009-03-05 at the Wayback Machine |
| International Olympic Committee (IOC) | | 6 July 2007 |
| International Bowling Federation (FIQ) | | 30 August 2007 Archived 2019-12-27 at the Wayback Machine |
| International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) | | |
* On June 28, 2006, Montenegro was added to the American Radio Relay League's DXCC List as the 336th entry based on membership in the UN.

## Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Montenegro maintains diplomatic relations with:
Date :
| 1 | Estonia | 13 June 2006 |
| 2 | United Kingdom | 13 June 2006 |
| 3 | France | 13 June 2006 |
| 4 | North Macedonia | 14 June 2006 |
| 5 | Hungary | 14 June 2006 |
| 6 | Italy | 14 June 2006 |
| 7 | Germany | 14 June 2006 |
| 8 | Czech Republic | 15 June 2006 |
| 9 | Denmark | 15 June 2006 |
| 10 | Latvia | 19 June 2006 |
| 11 | Ireland | 20 June 2006 |
| 12 | Norway | 21 June 2006 |
| 13 | Slovenia | 21 June 2006 |
| 14 | Serbia | 22 June 2006 |
| 15 | Russia | 26 June 2006 |
| 16 | Sweden | 26 June 2006 |
| 17 | Guinea-Bissau | 29 June 2006 |
| 18 | Singapore | 30 June 2006 |
| 19 | Turkey | 3 July 2006 |
| 20 | Switzerland | 5 July 2006 |
| 21 | China | 6 July 2006 |
| 22 | Croatia | 7 July 2006 |
| 23 | Austria | 12 July 2006 |
| 24 | Israel | 12 July 2006 |
| 25 | Finland | 12 July 2006 |
| 26 | New Zealand | 17 July 2006 |
| 27 | Lithuania | 18 July 2006 |
| 28 | Malta | 19 July 2006 |
| 29 | Japan | 24 July 2006 |
| 30 | Chile | 24 July 2006 |
| 31 | Slovakia | 25 July 2006 |
| 32 | Belgium | 25 July 2006 |
| 33 | Andorra | 28 July 2006 |
| 34 | Iran | 28 July 2006 |
| 35 | Albania | 1 August 2006 |
| — | State of Palestine | 1 August 2006 |
| 36 | Bulgaria | 2 August 2006 |
| 37 | India | 2 August 2006 |
| 38 | Vietnam | 4 August 2006 |
| 39 | United States | 7 August 2006 |
| 40 | Belarus | 8 August 2006 |
| 41 | Romania | 9 August 2006 |
| 42 | Poland | 14 August 2006 |
| 43 | Malaysia | 17 August 2006 |
| 44 | Ukraine | 22 August 2006 |
| 45 | Tajikistan | 23 August 2006 |
| 46 | Australia | 1 September 2006 |
| 47 | South Korea | 4 September 2006 |
| 48 | Canada | 5 September 2006 |
| — | Sovereign Military Order of Malta | 5 September 2006 |
| 49 | Netherlands | 8 September 2006 |
| 50 | Peru | 12 September 2006 |
| 51 | Argentina | 13 September 2006 |
| 52 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 14 September 2006 |
| 53 | Luxembourg | 21 September 2006 |
| 54 | Iceland | 26 September 2006 |
| 55 | Guatemala | 27 September 2006 |
| 56 | Egypt | 27 September 2006 |
| 57 | South Africa | 11 October 2006 |
| 58 | Brazil | 20 October 2006 |
| 59 | Cuba | 20 October 2006 |
| 60 | Pakistan | 23 October 2006 |
| 61 | Sudan | 31 October 2006 |
| 62 | Armenia | 7 November 2006 |
| 63 | Qatar | 16 November 2006 |
| 64 | Guinea | 17 November 2006 |
| 65 | Myanmar | 27 November 2006 |
| 66 | Mongolia | 30 November 2006 |
| 67 | Spain | 12 December 2006 |
| — | Holy See | 16 December 2006 |
| 68 | Greece | 18 December 2006 |
| 69 | Uzbekistan | 19 December 2006 |
| 70 | Kazakhstan | 16 January 2007 |
| 71 | Bangladesh | 2 March 2007 |
| 72 | Tunisia | 7 March 2007 |
| 73 | Moldova | 9 March 2007 |
| 74 | Cyprus | 12 March 2007 |
| 75 | Liechtenstein | 26 March 2007 |
| 76 | San Marino | 29 March 2007 |
| 77 | Oman | 11 April 2007 |
| 78 | Portugal | 17 May 2007 |
| 79 | Costa Rica | 24 May 2007 |
| 80 | Mexico | 5 June 2007 |
| 81 | Paraguay | 5 June 2007 |
| 82 | Thailand | 6 June 2007 |
| 83 | North Korea | 16 July 2007 |
| 84 | Algeria | 24 September 2007 |
| 85 | Monaco | 17 October 2007 |
| 86 | Georgia | 29 October 2007 |
| 87 | Eritrea | 18 March 2008 |
| 88 | United Arab Emirates | 4 April 2008 |
| 89 | Azerbaijan | 24 April 2008 |
| 90 | Panama | 9 May 2008 |
| 91 | Syria | 30 October 2008 |
| 92 | Turkmenistan | 26 November 2008 |
| 93 | Lebanon | 4 December 2008 |
| 94 | Uruguay | 25 February 2009 |
| 95 | Dominican Republic | 10 March 2009 |
| 96 | Kyrgyzstan | 24 June 2009 |
| 97 | Morocco | 8 September 2009 |
| 98 | Bahrain | 25 September 2009 |
| 99 | Ecuador | 26 September 2009 |
| 100 | Philippines | 26 September 2009 |
| 101 | Nicaragua | 26 September 2009 |
| 102 | Cambodia | 12 October 2009 |
| 103 | Namibia | 16 November 2009 |
| 104 | Maldives | 26 November 2009 |
| 105 | Angola | 21 December 2009 |
| 106 | Mauritania | 21 December 2009 |
| — | Kosovo | 15 January 2010 |
| 107 | Brunei | 19 January 2010 |
| 108 | Laos | 4 February 2010 |
| 109 | Suriname | 14 May 2010 |
| 110 | Seychelles | 19 May 2010 |
| 111 | Jordan | 19 May 2010 |
| 112 | Mozambique | 27 May 2010 |
| 113 | Fiji | 15 June 2010 |
| 114 | Zambia | 29 June 2010 |
| 115 | Honduras | 8 July 2010 |
| 116 | Botswana | 16 July 2010 |
| 117 | Kuwait | 27 July 2010 |
| 118 | Afghanistan | 21 September 2010 |
| 119 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 22 September 2010 |
| 120 | Senegal | 22 September 2010 |
| 121 | Timor-Leste | 24 September 2010 |
| 122 | Saint Lucia | 25 September 2010 |
| 123 | Bolivia | 18 October 2010 |
| 124 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 8 November 2010 |
| 125 | Jamaica | 12 November 2010 |
| 126 | Zimbabwe | 22 November 2010 |
| 127 | Cape Verde | 17 December 2010 |
| 128 | Solomon Islands | 23 December 2010 |
| 129 | Iraq | 29 December 2010 |
| 130 | Nauru | 25 January 2011 |
| 131 | Samoa | 31 January 2011 |
| 132 | Republic of the Congo | 1 February 2011 |
| 133 | Libya | 9 February 2011 |
| 134 | Comoros | 9 February 2011 |
| 135 | Dominica | 25 February 2011 |
| 136 | Sri Lanka | 4 April 2011 |
| 137 | Antigua and Barbuda | 11 April 2011 |
| 138 | Trinidad and Tobago | 15 April 2011 |
| 139 | Tuvalu | 4 May 2011 |
| 140 | Ethiopia | 10 June 2011 |
| 141 | Uganda | 14 July 2011 |
| 142 | Nepal | 18 July 2011 |
| 143 | Colombia | 12 August 2011 |
| 144 | Benin | 15 September 2011 |
| 145 | Saudi Arabia | 16 September 2011 |
| 146 | Malawi | 16 September 2011 |
| 147 | Guyana | 19 September 2011 |
| 148 | Indonesia | 21 September 2011 |
| 149 | Kenya | 6 October 2011 |
| 150 | Djibouti | 6 October 2011 |
| 151 | South Sudan | 21 November 2011 |
| 152 | Burkina Faso | 20 December 2011 |
| 153 | Mali | 10 April 2012 |
| 154 | Gambia | 16 August 2012 |
| 155 | Burundi | 17 August 2012 |
| 156 | Ghana | 20 September 2012 |
| 157 | Mauritius | 26 September 2012 |
| 158 | Haiti | 17 October 2012 |
| 159 | Saint Kitts and Nevis | 19 October 2012 |
| 160 | Gabon | 12 November 2012 |
| 161 | Togo | 21 December 2012 |
| 162 | Eswatini | 28 February 2013 |
| 163 | Rwanda | 12 April 2013 |
| 164 | Federated States of Micronesia | 10 September 2013 |
| 165 | Lesotho | 23 September 2013 |
| 166 | Palau | 25 September 2013 |
| 167 | Vanuatu | 26 September 2013 |
| 168 | El Salvador | 27 September 2013 |
| 169 | Yemen | 28 September 2013 |
| 170 | Kiribati | 17 January 2014 |
| 171 | Grenada | 17 March 2014 |
| 172 | Liberia | 7 April 2014 |
| 173 | Venezuela | 4 September 2014 |
| 174 | Niger | 15 September 2014 |
| 175 | Sierra Leone | 8 October 2014 |
| 176 | Ivory Coast | 29 October 2014 |
| 177 | Chad | 20 March 2015 |
| 178 | Central African Republic | 2 April 2015 |
| 179 | Bahamas | 6 September 2017 |
| 180 | Belize | 6 September 2017 |
| 181 | Barbados | 19 February 2020 |

### Canada relations

Canadian Foreign Minister Peter MacKay wrote to Foreign Minister Miodrag Vlahović extending diplomatic recognition and agreeing to hold discussions on the establishment of diplomatic relations, which occurred later in 2007.
The Canadian Embassy in Belgrade is accredited to Montenegro.

### China relations

The establishment of diplomatic relations between the People's Republic of China and the Republic of Montenegro was confirmed on 14 June 2006.
China transformed its consulate into an embassy in Podgorica on July 7, 2006. The Montenegrin embassy in China opened in Beijing on November 13, 2007.
In 2015, total trade between the two countries amounted to 160,385,964 euros.

### Russia relations

Initially strong from 2006, relations slipped from 2010 as Montenegro has looked westward, with Montenegro joining international sanctions in 2014 following the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation. The failed Russian military coup in October 2016 aiming to stop Montenegro seeking NATO membership was a turning point. Despite Russian investment into Montenegro, joining the EU became a key goal of Montenegro.
Russia continues to spy on Montenegro, GRU officer Igor Zaytsev is known to have travelled to Montenegro on numerous occasions up to 2018, bring in encryption equipment to give to existing or potential agents, including allegedly former Foreign Ministry spokesperson Radomir Sekulović.
Russia's invasion of Ukraine in 2022 drove relationships down further, with five diplomats expelled in March/April 2022 then six more Russian diplomats being expelled from Montenegro for alleged spying, in September, with Russia then closing its consulate in Podgorica.
In August 2023 Montenegro refused to extradite Dmitry Senin, a former Russian FSB Colonel who had fled Russia in 2017 and had been granted asylum.

### Turkey relations

Montenegro established diplomatic relations with Turkey on 3 July 2006.
* Montenegro maintains an embassy in Ankara and an consulate-general in Istanbul.
* Turkey maintains an embassy in Podgorica.
Both nations are members of the Council of Europe and NATO. Both countries are candidates for the European Union.

### United Kingdom relations

Montenegro established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 13 June 2006.
* Montenegro maintains an embassy in London.
* The United Kingdom is accredited to Montenegro through its embassy in Podgorica.
Both countries share common membership of the Council of Europe, NATO, OSCE, and the World Trade Organization.

### United States relations

The United States recognized the Republic of Montenegro on June 12, 2006, being among the first states to do so. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on August 15, and have since rapidly developed. On August 28, six U.S. Senators, John McCain (R-AZ), Saxby Chambliss (R-GA), Mel Martinez (R-FL), Lindsey Graham (R-SC), Richard Burr (R-NC) and John E. Sununu (R-NH), made an official visit to Montenegro. Their activities included a meeting with President Vujanović and with the speaker of the Montenegrin parliament.
Soon after the congressional visit, Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld paid an official visit to Montenegro, seeking support for the War on Terror and overall American geopolitical goals in Europe. Following the Secretary's meeting with Montenegrin Prime Minister Milo Đukanović, it was announced that Montenegro had agreed in principle to aid the US efforts in Iraq and Afghanistan, although no specific pledges of aid were made.