OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Brand USA

Brand USA is a destination marketing organization and public private partnership established in 2010 to raise awareness of the United States as a tourist destination. As of 2025, the initiative is authorized and funded through 2027.
What is now Brand USA was authorized in 2010 by Congress through the Travel Promotion Act. It was launched at World Travel Market and began operations in 2011 after the country received less than what was perceived as its fare share of international tourism. The program was initially authorized for five years and while it has generally operated with the support of both Republicans and Democrats, in 2017, the organization was threatened by the Trump administration's initial plans for fiscal 2018, but continued to exist.
While much of Brand USA's funding comes from fees tied to international visa payments to which it has to provide matching funding, in 2022, the Biden administration signed Restoring Brand USA Act which authorized $250million to continue the country's recovery from the downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Brand USA's initiatives include Brand USA Travel Week, which launched in 2019.
Chris Thompson was President & CEO from 2012 until his retirement, when he was replaced by Fred Dixon, former President & CEO of NYC & Company.
# Carol Lady Haynes

Carol Lady Haynes, born Carol Jacobs, is a Jamaican-Barbadian doctor and politician. From 2015 to 2018, she was an independent member of the Senate of Barbados, and is well-known for her work in response to HIV/AIDS in Barbados as a doctor before entering the senate.

## Life and career

Carol Jacobs was born in Jamaica, the daughter of Dr. Lenworth Jacobs, and his wife, Mrs. Beth Jacobs, of St. Ann's Bay, Jamaica. She received her early education at St. Hilda's Diocesan High School and Hampton School, in Jamaica. A graduate of the University of the West Indies, she made Barbados her home. She gained early experience as a medical doctor at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Barbados. In 1979 she began her own private practice in family medicine. In 1988 she started involvement with the HIV/AIDS programme.
She married the doctor and politician Sir Richard Haynes (1936-2013), and the couple had two sons.
In 2000 she received the Barbados Centennial Honour. From 2001 to 2008 she chaired the Barbados National HIV Commission, serving as the Prime Minister's Special Envoy. In 2005 she was unanimously elected as Chair of the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, the first woman and the first Caribbean person to hold this office. That year she also received the UNAIDS Gold Medal of Achievement. In 2006 she was the first ever recipient of the Barbados Gold Award of Achievement. However, in 2007 Barbados Underground called for her resignation, along with that of Prime Minister Owen Arthur, for having "failed Barbados in the fight against the spread of HIV/AIDS".
Carol Lady Haynes was sworn in as senator on 5 March 2015, and announced her intention to continue to practice as a doctor while serving as senator. In 2016 she was awarded an honorary degree from the University of the West Indies.
# January 2016 Diyabakir bombing

The January 2016 Diyarbakır attack was an assault on a police building in Çınar, Diyarbakır, Turkey, on 13 January. The PKK carried out the attack using bombs, rocket launchers, and firearms, killing at least six people, including a woman and a child, and injuring 39. Security forces later killed eight PKK members in clashes.
Among those who lost their lives after the attack was 4-year-old Mevlüde İrem Çiftçi, along with 5-year-old Sadık Efe Açıkgöz and his 1-year-old sister, Ecrin Açıkgöz. While the bodies of the two siblings were pulled from the rubble, Ecrin Açıkgöz later died from her injuries at Dicle University Faculty of Medicine Hospital.

## Background

After the June 2015 Turkish general election, the PKK began damaging public property, blocking roads, and attacking construction sites. Following the Suruç bombing by ISIS, the PKK attacked a military unit in Adıyaman and two police officers in Şanlıurfa on July 22. The 2013 “resolution process” effectively ended. In response, the Turkish government launched an air operation in Northern Iraq, bombing PKK camps and ISIS targets. A total of 590 people were detained in operations against the PKK, ISIS, and DHKP-C in Turkey.

## Attack

PKK members detonated a car bomb in front of the Çınar District Police Department, which also housed police residences. They then opened fire with long-barreled weapons and rocket launchers, heavily damaging the building. Two police relatives, including a woman and a baby, died in the wreckage, with the baby reportedly burned to death. A nearby two-story house collapsed due to the explosion, killing Lokman Açıkgöz and his children, Sadık Efe and Ecrin Açıkgöz. In total, 14 police officers and 20 civilians were injured. A 40-minute clash followed, resulting in the deaths of eight PKK members. Emergency teams, including police, firefighters, and AFAD, responded, and the injured were taken to local hospitals.
# Andrei Marc

Andrei Ovidiu Marc (born 29 April 1993) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a centre back for Liga II club Concordia Chiajna.

## International career

From 2010 to 2011, Marc was a member of the Romania national under-17 football team.

## Personal life

His father, Ovidiu was also a footballer and spent most of his career at Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț scoring 48 goals in 186 Divizia A matches.

## Honours

Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț
* Liga II: 2010–11
Dinamo București
* Cupa României runner-up: 2015–16
# Kane, Illinois

Kane is a village in Greene County, Illinois, United States. The population was 296 at the 2020 census.

## Geography

Kane is located in southern Greene County at 39°11′26″N 90°21′9″W﻿ / ﻿39.19056°N 90.35250°W﻿ / 39.19056; -90.35250 (39.190666, -90.352570). It is 9 miles (14 km) south of Carrollton, the county seat, and 6 miles (10 km) north of Jerseyville.
According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Kane has a total area of 0.54 square miles (1.40 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the 2020 census there were 296 people, 98 households, and 53 families residing in the village. The population density was 544.12 inhabitants per square mile (210.09/km$^2$). There were 159 housing units at an average density of 292.28 per square mile (112.85/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 92.57% White, 0.34% African American, 1.01% Native American, 0.34% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.00% from other races, and 5.74% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.68% of the population.
There were 98 households, out of which 20.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 30.61% were married couples living together, 13.27% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.92% were non-families. 27.55% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.31% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 2.49.
The village's age distribution consisted of 18.9% under the age of 18, 4.5% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 29.5% from 45 to 64, and 19.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 146.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 147.5 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $31,875, and the median income for a family was $41,406. Males had a median income of $26,563 versus $19,688 for females. The per capita income for the village was $16,731. About 9.4% of families and 23.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.6% of those under age 18 and 4.3% of those age 65 or over.
# APROVACA

APROVACA (Spanish Asociación de Productores de Orquídeas de El Valle y Cabuya) is a non-profit organization established to conserve and protect native orchids in El Valle de Antón, Panama.
The organization was founded on May 15, 2001 with the goal of protecting endangered endemic Panamanian species of orchids. Illegal orchid poaching by locals have greatly diminished the number of orchids in El Valle and threatens to eradicate several species of orchids only found in El Valle.
The headquarters of APROVACA is in El Valle de Antón. Aside from administration the center has an orchid garden and a nursery for local orchids and horticultural varieties.
As an ongoing project APROVACA is collaborating with the Institute of Agricultural Investigation of Panama (Instituto de Investigación Agropecuaria de Panamá, IDIAP) to reintroduce endemic local orchids into their natural habitats.
Since March 2010 APROVACA has been a member of the Orchid Conservation Coalition.
# An injury to one is an injury to all

An injury to one is an injury to all is a motto popularly used by the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW). In his autobiography, Bill Haywood credited David C. Coates with suggesting the phrase as a labor slogan for the IWW. The slogan reflects that the IWW is "One Big Union" and organizes many different types of skilled and unskilled workers. Since its adoption by the IWW, it has been used by a number of other labor organizations and appears in protest signage.

## Origin

The expression is similar to, and may be derived from, a slogan popularized in the prior quarter century by the Knights of Labor: "that is the best government in which an injury to one is the concern of all".

## Gallery

* Motto on a banner at an anti-Trump IWW anti-fascist protest, November 2016 in Maryland
* Occupy Boston, November 2011 in Massachusetts
* "An Injury to One is an Injury to All," a mural (now destroyed) by Mike Alewitz in Los Angeles, 1993
# Pretty Polly Stakes (Great Britain)

The Pretty Polly Stakes is a Listed flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old fillies. It is run over a distance of 1 mile and 2 furlongs (2,012 metres) on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket in late April or early May.

## History

The event is named after Pretty Polly, the winner of the fillies' Triple Crown in 1904. It was established in 1962, and was originally staged at Newmarket's mid-May fixture. It was moved to early May in 1973.
The Pretty Polly Stakes sometimes serves as a trial for the Epsom Oaks. The last horse to win both races was Taghrooda in 2014.
The race is held on the same day as the 1000 Guineas at Newmarket's two-day Guineas Festival meeting.

## Records

Leading jockey (9 wins):
* Frankie Dettori – Pricket (1996), Siyadah (1997), Melikah (2000), Mot Juste (2001), Hi Dubai (2003), Marie de Medici (2010), Jazzi Top (2015), Swiss Range (2016), Lah Ti Dar (2018)
Leading trainer (8 wins):
* Henry Cecil – Flirtigig (1972), Cloonagh (1973), Sing Softly (1982), Sandy Island (1984), Indian Skimmer (1987), Sardegna (1990), All at Sea (1992), Midnight Line (1998)
* John Gosden – Take the Hint (2009), Taghrooda (2014), Jazzi Top (2015), Swiss Range (2016), Lah Ti Dar (2018), Run Wild (2021), Running Lion (2023), Friendly Soul (2024)

## Winners since 1977

* ↑ Rambushka finished first in 1989, but she was relegated to second place following a stewards' inquiry
* ↑ The 2020 race was run in June, due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom

## Earlier winners

* 1962: Military Pickle
* 1963: Fair Astronomer
* 1964: Young Man's Fancy
* 1965: Miba
* 1966: Orabella II
* 1967: Cranberry Sauce
* 1968: Celina
* 1969: Borana
* 1970: Royal Pancake
* 1971: Fleet Wahine
* 1972: Flirtigig
* 1973: Cloonagh
* 1974: Lauretta
* 1975: Val's Girl
* 1976: Spiranthes
# Pokkuveyil

Pokkuveyil (transl. Twilight) is a 1982 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by G. Aravindan and produced by General Pictures' Raveendranathan Nair. The film stars Balachandran Chullikkad, Kalpana, and S. Satish Kumar. Aravindan recorded its audio first as a composition for the flute by Pandit Hariprasad Chaurasia and the sarod by Rajeev Taranath. The visuals were 'composed' according to musical notations without any script.
Pokkuveyil won Aravindan the State Film Award for best director.
The film stars Balachandran Chullikad, Kalpana, S. Satish Kumar, Kalabhavan Ansar, and Chavara V. P. Nair. The score was composed by Rajeev Taranath and Hariprasad Chaurasia.

## Plot

The movie won the Rajat Kamal for the second-best movie in the country for the year 1982. It was screened in several international film festivals, including Cannes.
Pokkuveyil won Aravindan the State Film Award for best director. The background music was done by Hari Prasad Chaurasia with the flute. Shaji N. Karun's outstanding work behind the camera was one of the main highlights of this movie.

## Cast

* Balachandran Chullikkad
* Kalpana
* Kalabhavan Ansar
* Chavara V. P. Nair
* Vijayalakshmi
* Satish Kumar

## Accolades

* National Film Award for Second Best Feature Film
* Kerala State Film Award for Best Direction - G. Aravindan
* Kerala State Film Award for Best Sound Recordist - P. Devadas

## Soundtrack

The music and lyrics were created by Balachandran Chullikkad.
| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics | Length (m:ss) |
| 1 | "Amme Pinvili Vilikkaathe" | Balachandran Chullikkad | Balachandran Chullikkad | |
| 2 | "Oru Ormmathan" | Balachandran Chullikkad | Balachandran Chullikkad | |
# 1783 in Norway

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive
Events in the year 1783 in Norway.

## Incumbents

* Monarch: Christian VII.

## Arts and literature

* Hegra Church was built.

## Births

* 23 December - Lorentz Lange, judge and politician (d.1860)

### Full date unknown

* Christian Holm, politician (d.1855)
* Andreas Samuelsen Vibstad, politician (d.1854)

## Deaths

* Simen Fougner, farmer and writer (born 1701).
# Roodhouse, Illinois

Roodhouse is a city in Greene County, Illinois, United States. The population was 1,578 at the 2020 census.

## Geography

Roodhouse is located in northern Greene County at 39°28′55″N 90°22′18″W﻿ / ﻿39.48194°N 90.37167°W﻿ / 39.48194; -90.37167 (39.482004, -90.371780). U.S. Route 67 passes through the center of the city, leading north 22 miles (35 km) to Jacksonville and south 13 miles (21 km) to Carrollton, the Greene County seat.
According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Roodhouse has a total area of 1.13 square miles (2.93 km$^2$), all land.

## History

Roodhouse was founded in the 1850s by John Roodhouse. The community was originally known as "The Crossroads" for its position on two major highways, though it was later renamed for its founder. In 1860, John Rawlins convinced the Chicago and Alton Railway to open a station in the community by promising to secure local funds for the depot and warehouse. The railway built its Louisiana branch from Roodhouse in 1871, and the city became a major junction point, boosting its population and economy. Roodhouse was legally incorporated as a city in 1880. Passenger railroad service to Roodhouse ended in the 1950s, causing a local economic downturn which persisted over the following decades.
The Hotel Roodhouse, the city's only surviving hotel from the railroad era, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## Demographics

As of the 2020 census there were 1,578 people, 712 households, and 487 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,400.18 inhabitants per square mile (540.61/km$^2$). There were 792 housing units at an average density of 702.75 per square mile (271.33/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 94.23% White, 0.06% African American, 0.00% Native American, 0.13% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.38% from other races, and 5.20% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.33% of the population.
There were 712 households, out of which 24.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.31% were married couples living together, 12.64% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.60% were non-families. 29.35% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.96% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 2.33.
The city's age distribution consisted of 22.7% under the age of 18, 6.2% from 18 to 24, 21.8% from 25 to 44, 28.8% from 45 to 64, and 20.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42.6 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.1 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $38,977, and the median income for a family was $51,118. Males had a median income of $30,069 versus $23,958 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,551. About 17.7% of families and 26.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.2% of those under age 18 and 8.6% of those age 65 or over.
# Itaguaru

Itaguaru is a municipality in central Goiás state, Brazil.

## Location

The distance to the regional center of (Anápolis) is 127 km. Highway connections are made by GO-070 / Goianira / Inhumas / Itauçu / GO-154 / Taquaral de Goiás / Itaguari. For a complete list of distances in the state of Goiás see Seplan
Neighboring municipalities are Jaraguá, Itaguari, Itaberaí and Uruana

## Demographics

* Demographic Density: 22.79 inhabitants/km$^2$ (2007)
* Number of voters: 4,924 (December/2007)
* Population growth rate: 0.12% 1996/2007
* Total population (2007): 5,467
* Total population (1980): 7,130
* Urban population (2007): 4,288
* Rural population (2007): 1,179

## The economy

The economy is based on services, small industries, cattle raising (32,000 head in 2004), and modest agriculture.
* Number of industrial establishments: 15
* Number of retail establishments: 50
* Banking establishments: Banco do Brasil S.A. (August/2007)
* Dairies: Divino Cézar Ribeiro e Cia Ltda. (22/05/2006)
* Number of automobiles: 582
Agricultural data 2006
* Farms: 489
* Total area: 12,133 ha.
* Area of permanent crops: 3,530 ha. (bananas with 1,100 ha. hearts of palm, and coffee)
* Area of perennial crops: 431 ha.
* Area of natural pasture: 7,323 ha.
* Area of woodland and forests: 652 ha.
* Persons dependent on farming: 1,200
* Farms with tractors: 25
* Number of tractors: 34
* Cattle herd: 32,000 head IBGE

## Health and education

* Hospitals: 2 (2007)
* Hospital beds: 40
* Health clinics (Sistema Único de Saúde): 1
* Schools: 5 (2006)
* Classrooms: 34
* Teachers: 80
* Number of students: 1,540
* Infant mortality rate: 26.30
* Literacy rate: 86.0
Itaguaru had a ranking of 0.746 (2000) on the Municipal Human Development Index, giving it a state ranking of 90 (out of 242 municipalities) and a national ranking of 1,997 (out of 5,505 municipalities). For the complete list see frigoletto.com.br
# Sam Mangel

Sam Mangel (born February 25, 1963) is an American businessman who consults for incarcerated individuals. He served 20 months in federal prison after pleading guilty to wire fraud. Upon release, Mangel began advising defendants, such as Steve Bannon, Sam Bankman-Fried, and Peter Navarro, on navigating the U.S. prison system. He is also a CNN contributor on the topics of federal incarceration and white-collar crime.

## Conviction

Mangel was indicted in 2011 for wire fraud and illegal insurance business practices in the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. Through his company Rumson Capital Inc., located in Jenkintown, Pennsylvania, Mangel operated a life insurance policy brokerage that facilitated the sale of existing life insurance policies to life settlement providers. His charges related to falsifying and forging life insurance policy disclosure documents in Pennsylvania. He faced a statutory maximum of 85 years in prison but only served 20 months at Federal Correctional Institution, Miami.

## Post-Prison Career

After his release from prison in 2020, Mangel established a prison consulting practice using his familiarity with prison to secure his clients their desired prison jobs, get into programs that will reduce their sentences, and other tasks. His clients have included Steve Bannon, Sam Bankman-Fried, Peter Navarro, British businessman David Price, and Binance founder Changpeng Zhao. Due to his proximity to high-profile conservatives who have been involved in the justice system like Bannon and Navarro, Mangel has been engaged for services related to clemency requests, and since Donald Trump took office in his second term, Mangel has received several inquiries regarding pardons per day.
Because of his work, Mangel is frequently consulted by media when high-profile arrests or charges, such as those of Sean Combs, Hunter Biden, Sam Bankman-Fried, Luigi Mangione, Caroline Ellison, Scott Maddox, and Donald Trump.

## Personal life

Mangel was born on February 25, 1963 and raised in Cherry Hill, New Jersey. He graduated from University of Pennsylvania in 1985. He was married in 1989 and has one son and one daughter. Mangel participates in competitive cycling, including in the 2009 Maccabiah Games. Mangel is a hobby pickleball player.
# Wildwood Cemetery (Pennsylvania)

Wildwood Cemetery is a cemetery located in Loyalsock Township, Pennsylvania just north of the city of Williamsport. Wildwood was established in 1863 as the main cemetery for Williamsport and its surrounding communities. With a size of 340 acres it is the largest cemetery by size and grave count in Lycoming County, Pennsylvania.
The cemetery is split in two by Wildwood Boulevard/Cemetery Road. East Wildwood contains the cemeteries, crematorium, offices, and all of the larger public mausoleum. West Wildwood is where the military memorial and monument are located, as well as the Praying Hands mausoleum.
The cemetery has an "escape burial hatch". Thomas Pursell, a local firefighter, wanted a burial arrangement for which he or his family could escape in case they were prematurely buried. The resulting design was heavily documented by media in Williamsport and the surrounding areas. There have been six other such hatched built in surrounding cemeteries based on Pursell's original.

## Notable people buried at Wildwood

* James Gamble (died 1883)
* Peter Herdic (died 1888)
* Robert Porter Allen (died 1890)
* Henry Clay McCormick (died 1902)
* Elias Deemer (died 1918)
* Edgar Raymond Kiess (died 1930)
* Bucky Veil (died 1931)
* Herman T. Schneebeli (died 1982)
* Bob Pellegrini (died 2008)
# Atef

Atef (Ancient Egyptian: 𓄿𓏏𓆑𓋚, romanized: ꜣtf) is the specific feathered white crown of the ancient Egyptian deity Osiris. It combines the Hedjet, the white crown of Upper Egypt, with curly ostrich feathers on each side of the crown for the Osiris cult. The feathers are identified as ostrich from their curl or curve at the upper ends, with a slight flare toward the base. They are the same feather as (singly) worn by Maat. They may be compared with the falcon tail feathers in two-feather crowns such as those of Amun, which are more narrow and straight without curve.
The Atef crown identifies Osiris in ancient Egyptian painting. Osiris wears the Atef crown as a symbol of the ruler of the underworld. The tall bulbous white piece in the center of the crown is between two ostrich feathers. The feathers represent truth and justice. The Atef crown is similar, save for the feathers, to the plain white crown (Hedjet) first recorded in the Predynastic Period and worn as a symbol for pharaonic Upper Egypt.

## Gallery

* drawing of a more complex variant of the Atef
* modern drawing of a pharaoh with a Atef crown
* modern drawing of a Osiris wearing the Atef
* Thutmose III with a Atef