# Enrile, Cagayan

Enrile, officially the Municipality of Enrile (Itawis: Babalay yo Enrile; Ibanag: Ili nat Enrile; Ilocano: Ili ti Enrile; Tagalog: Bayan ng Enrile), is a municipality in the province of Cagayan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 36,705 people.
The town is predominantly an agricultural town where the majority of its population derive their income from farming. Its main products are rice, corn, peanut, tobacco, and vegetables.

## Etymology

Cabug was the original name of Enrile when it was a barrio of Tuguegarao. It was established as a separate town in September 1849 and named in honor of Spanish Governor-General Pasqual Enrile y Alcedo.

## History

The history of Enrile dates back to 1690. According to Father Juan Paguere, it was just a wide and long stretch of virgin land located at the southernmost end of the province of Cagayan. In 1718, the colonial government ordered the place to become one of the barrios of Tuguegarao. It was named "Cabugag" or Cabug, the dialect term for hunchback for the first settler was a man with this deformity. So the place was named after him. The name "Cabug" is engraved on the town's first church bell which is still found in the steeple.
In 1724, the Dominican Friars thought of giving the barrios their Patron Saint. Cabug was given "Nuestra Señora de las Caldas". The prominent residents of the barrio had chosen the sixth day of August as her feast day. As years went by, the land area and population of the barrio increased with surprising figures. The Cagayan River which flowed close to the barrio site gradually changed its course and moved towards Cataggaman as flood plains were formed. The non-Christian inhabitants called Kalingas gradually deserted the barrio and migrated westward to the Mountain Province. As a result, more agricultural lands were cleared and cultivated. Tobacco and corn were the chief crops of the people.
In September 1849, the colonial government ordered the separation of Cabug from the Municipality of Tuguegarao to become a town by itself. The new town was named Enrile in honor of Governor Pascual Enrile who was responsible for building roads in the northern part of Luzon during those days. The separation of Enrile from Tuguegarao led to a change of its patron saint. The population unanimously adopted "Nuestra Señora de las Nieves" as its patron Saint. The fifth day of August was chosen as her feast day.
Sinupac, a hinterland of Enrile, was the hiding place of Emilio Aguinaldo and his revolutionary forces while evading pursuit from American forces during the First Philippine Republic. The locals prepared feasts for the president during his refuge.

## Geography

Enrile lies on the southernmost part of Cagayan, bounded by Santa Maria, Isabela to the south, by Cagayan River to the east, by Solana and Tuguegarao to the north, and Rizal, Kalinga to the west. It has a land area of 18,451.3 hectares.

### Barangays

Enrile is politically subdivided into 22 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks. (Some areas are still referred to their old names as sitios.)
* Alibago
* Barangay II
* Barangay IV
* Batu
* Divisoria
* Inga
* Lanna
* Lemu Norte
* Lemu Sur
* Liwan Norte
* Liwan Sur
* Maddarulug Norte
* Maddarulug Sur
* Magalalag East
* Magalalag West (San Nicolas)
* Marracuru
* Roma Norte
* Roma Sur
* San Antonio
* San Jose (Barangay III-A)
* San Roque (Barangay III-B)
* Villa Maria (Barangay I)

### Climate

Climate data for Enrile, Cagayan :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 25 (77) | 26 (79) | 28 (82) | 31 (88) | 32 (90) | 31 (88) | 31 (88) | 30 (86) | 30 (86) | 28 (82) | 27 (81) | 25 (77) | 29 (84) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 21 (70) | 21 (70) | 22 (72) | 23 (73) | 24 (75) | 25 (77) | 24 (75) | 25 (77) | 24 (75) | 23 (73) | 23 (73) | 22 (72) | 23 (74) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 155 (6.1) | 113 (4.4) | 89 (3.5) | 58 (2.3) | 127 (5.0) | 131 (5.2) | 154 (6.1) | 184 (7.2) | 151 (5.9) | 247 (9.7) | 221 (8.7) | 292 (11.5) | 1,922 (75.6) |
| Average rainy days | 19.6 | 14.8 | 13.4 | 12 | 19.4 | 19.8 | 23 | 25 | 23 | 19.4 | 19.1 | 21.6 | 230.1 |
| Source: Meteoblue ||||||||||||||

### Land Area

Enrile has a land area of 18,451.3 hectares unevenly distributed to the 22 barangays of the municipality and predominantly agricultural where the majority of its inhabitants derive their income from farming.

### Topography

Enrile is bounded by hills and mountains both to the north and to the west. Area with low elevation is about 20 meters above sea level at the Eastern part which lies close to the river boundaries. The highest elevation is found Northwest which is approximately 800 meters above sea level.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1903 | 5,999 | — |
| 1918 | 7,237 | +1.26% |
| 1939 | 9,506 | +1.31% |
| 1948 | 11,130 | +1.77% |
| 1960 | 16,095 | +3.12% |
| 1970 | 19,431 | +1.90% |
| 1975 | 20,957 | +1.53% |
| 1980 | 23,403 | +2.23% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1990 | 25,608 | +0.90% |
| 1995 | 28,736 | +2.18% |
| 2000 | 29,062 | +0.24% |
| 2007 | 29,719 | +0.31% |
| 2010 | 32,553 | +3.37% |
| 2015 | 35,834 | +1.85% |
| 2020 | 36,705 | +0.47% |
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority :
In the 2020 census, the population of Enrile, Cagayan, was 36,705 people, with a density of 200 inhabitants per square kilometre or 520 inhabitants per square mile.
Enrile's citizens are called Itawes because they speak the Itawis dialect. Ilocanos and Tagalogs have settled at the western barangays and have blended very well in the mainstream of Itawes life.

## Economy

Poverty incidence of Enrile
* 10
* 20
* 30
* 40
* 2000 36.17
* 2003 29.59
* 2006 24.80
* 2009 19.76
* 2012 19.69
* 2015 12.60
* 2018 10.21
* 2021 11.12
* Source: Philippine Statistics Authority
Enrile is predominantly an agricultural town where the majority of its population derive their income from farming. It has a land area of 18,451.3 hectares unevenly distributed to the 22-barangays of the municipality. Its main products are rice, corn, peanut, tobacco and vegetables.

### Peanut Production

The Department of Agriculture (DA) has declared the town of Enrile in Cagayan as the "peanut capital of the Philippines" for its "noteworthy contribution" to the development of the local peanut industry, with experts citing the soil suitability of the town – sandy to sandy-loam – and its unique ability to produce peanut year-round. One estimate of the town's production places a volume of 1,800 metric tons per year or 8 to 10 percent of the national supply.
Enrile is home to 800 peanut farmers cultivating 700 hectares of farmlands with a potential expansion area of another 800 hectares. "With improved production and yield, Enrile may be able to fill up a portion, if not all, of the import requirement for peanut of 15,060 metric tons," Alviar added.

## Transportation

Passenger jeepneys, tricycles and other private transportation vehicles service all routes within and outside Enrile. Kalesa is also driven within the Poblacion and some barangays only.

## Government
### Local government

Enrile is part of the third legislative district of the province of Cagayan. It is governed by a mayor, designated as its local chief executive, and by a municipal council as its legislative body in accordance with the Local Government Code. The mayor, vice mayor, and the councilors are elected directly by the people through an election which is being held every three years.

### Elected officials

Members of the Municipal Council (2022-2025) :
| Position | Name |
| Congressman | Joseph L. Lara |
| Governor | Manuel N. Mamba |
| Mayor | Miguel B. Decena, Jr. |
| Vice-Mayor | Christina G. Magbitang |
| Councilors | Jay Ann O. Aguirre |
| Councilors | Maria Rosabell R. Herrera |
| Councilors | Jacinto T. Tuddao |
| Councilors | Peter B. Decena |
| Councilors | Romeo B. Battung |
| Councilors | Sergio B. Turingan |
| Councilors | Agapita C. Macarubbo |
| Councilors | Juan B. Carag, Jr. |

### Elected officials

Members of the Municipal Council (2019–2022) :
| Position | Name |
| Congressman | Joseph L. Lara |
| Governor | Manuel N. Mamba |
| Mayor | Miguel B. Decena Jr. |
| Vice-Mayor | Expedito C. Taguibao |
| Councilors | Christina G. Magbitang |
| Councilors | Romeo B. Battung |
| Councilors | Maria Rosabell R. Herrera |
| Councilors | Juan B. Carag Jr. |
| Councilors | Sergio B. Turingan |
| Councilors | Joseph M. Amistad |
| Councilors | Jacinto T. Tuddao |
| Councilors | Mercuria T. Gaffud |

### Local chief executives
#### Gobernadorcillos

A. Spanish Regime – 1849 to 1896
* Don Vicente Bunagan
* Don Marcelo Guzman
* Don Martin Fortunato
* Don Lorenzo de los Reyes
* Don Pio Cepeda
* Don Mariano Guzman
* Don Carlos Argonza
* Don Agapito Lappay
* Don Pedro Bunagan
* Don Vicente Carag
* Don Patricio Gacutan
* Don Cayatano Fortunato

#### Municipal Captain

1. Don Cornelio Bunagan – 1896 – 1898

#### Municipal Mayors

* Vicente Babaran 1900-1902
* Tomas Carag 1902-1903
* Matias Bunagan 1903-1904
* Agapito Guzman 1904-1906
* Cipriano Pagulayan 1906-1909
* Vicente Babaran 1909-1913
* Nicolas Pauig 1913-1917
* Generoso Palattao 1917-1920
* Pedro Cumigad 1920-1924
* Jacinto Camacam 1924-1926
* Francisco Turingan 1926-1931
* Joaquin Accad 1931-1935
* Felix Babaran 1935-1943
* Rufino Luyun 1943-1945(Japanese Regime)
* Agustin Palattao March 1945 to June 30, 1945 (Military)
* Anastacio Luyun 1945-1946 (Appointed)
* Jose Babaran 1947-1951
* Gorgonio Manauis January 1, 1952, to March 27, 1952
* Benigno Carag Serving the rest of the term of Mayor Manauis (deceased), he being the elected Vice Mayor.

## Education

The Schools Division of Cagayan governs the town's public education system. The division office is a field office of the DepEd in Cagayan Valley region. The office governs the public and private elementary and public and private high schools throughout the municipality.