OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# James P. Pfiffner

James Price Pfiffner (born 1946) is an American political scientist and professor at George Mason University. Pfiffner is a fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration and is known for his expertise in the United States federal government, presidency, and national security.
Born in Stevens Point, Wisconsin, in 1946, Pfiffner attended the University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point for two years before attending the University of Wisconsin–Madison from 1966 to 1968, graduating with a B.A. degree in political science. From 1969 to 1970, Pfiffner served in Vietnam and Cambodia with the 25th Infantry Division of the U.S. Army, earning an Army Commendation Medal with a "V" device. He returned to university in 1971 and received M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in political science in 1972 and 1975, respectively.
Pfiffner later worked as a faculty member of the University of California, Riverside, and California State University, Fullerton, before becoming an associate professor in George Mason University's Schar School of Policy and Government in 1984. In 2019, he gave a testimony to the Subcommittee on the Constitution, Civil Rights, and Civil Liberties of the U.S. House of Representatives regarding presidential pardon powers. Pfiffner became University Professor, emeritus, at George Mason University in 2020.

## Books

Only books for which academic or scholarly reviews could be found are listed. Publication details are as per Pfiffner's curriculum vitae.
* Pfiffner, James P.; Hess, Stephen (2021). Organizing the Presidency (4th ed.). Brookings Institution Press.
* Lightcap, Tracy; Pfiffner, James P., eds. (2014). Examining Torture. Palgrave Macmillan.
* Pfiffner, James P.; Davidson, Roger H., eds. (2013). Understanding the Presidency (7th ed.). Pearson-Longman.
* Pfiffner, James P. (2010). Torture as Public Policy. Paradigm Publishers.
* Pfiffner, James P. (2008). Power Play. Brookings Institution Press.
* Pfiffner, James P. (2004). The Character Factor. Texas A&M University Press.
* Pfiffner, James P.; Brook, Douglas A., eds. (2000). The Future of Merit. Woodrow Wilson Center Press & Johns Hopkins University Press.
* Pfiffner, James P. (1994). The Modern Presidency. St. Martin's Press.
* Pfiffner, James P.; Whicker, Marcia; Moore, Raymond, eds. (1993). The Presidency and the Persian Gulf War. Praeger Publishers.
* Pfiffner, James P. (1988). The Strategic Presidency. Dorsey Press.
* Pfiffner, James P., ed. (1986). The President and Economic Policy. ISHI Publications.
* Pfiffner, James P. (1979). The President, the Budget, and Congress. Westview Press.
# Paul Mirabella

Paul Thomas Mirabella (born March 20, 1954) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. Mirabella, who threw left-handed, played all or parts of 13 seasons in Major League Baseball for the Texas Rangers (1978 and 1982), New York Yankees (1979), Toronto Blue Jays (1980–81), Baltimore Orioles (1983), Seattle Mariners (1984–86) and Milwaukee Brewers (1987–90).

## Career

Mirabella attended Parsippany High School in Parsippany-Troy Hills, New Jersey, then went on to Montclair State University.
Mirabella had a 19–29 win–loss record with a 4.45 earned run average. He appeared in 298 games, including 33 as a starting pitcher, 3 of which were complete games, including 1 shutout. As a relief pitcher, he finished 88 games, compiling 13 saves. Overall, he pitched 499.2 innings, facing 2,236 batters, striking out 258. He allowed 526 hits, 284 runs (247 earned), 43 home runs, 239 walks (29 intentional), 13 hit batsmen, 17 wild pitches and 1 balk.
# James Hutchinson (rugby union)

James Ernest Hutchinson (8 March 1884 – 20 October 1961) was an English international rugby union player.
Hutchinson was born in Stockton-on-Tees and grew up on a farm in Bamburgh, which had been occupied by his ancestors for many years. He attended Barnard Castle School.
A speedy wing three–quarter, Hutchinson played his rugby for Durham City and was capped once for England, appearing on the right wing in a match against Ireland at Leicester in 1906.
Hutchinson retired from rugby due to an ankle injury at age 22. He farmed in New Zealand for several years prior to World War I and later took over the family farm when his brother Jack died.
# Nephropsis rosea

Nephropsis rosea, sometimes called the rosy lobsterette or two-toned lobsterette, is a species of lobster.

## Distribution and habitat

It is found in the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico, and as far north in the western Atlantic Ocean as Bermuda, and as far south as Guiana. It mostly lives at depths of 500–800 metres (1,600–2,600 ft), but has been observed between 420 and 1,280 metres (1,380 and 4,200 ft).

## Size

N. rosea reaches a carapace length of 1–6 centimetres (0.39–2.36 in), or a total length of 2–13 centimetres (0.79–5.12 in).
# El Ain, Baalbek

El Ain (Arabic: العين), Al Ain, or Ain is a village at an elevation of 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) on a foothill of the Anti-Lebanon Mountains in the Baalbek District of the Baalbek-Hermel Governorate, Lebanon. It is famous for agriculture and trade, located on the highway connecting Syrian borders and the Hermel area with Chtaura and Beirut.
Its name, Ain, refers to the old water source in it.

## History

In 1838, Eli Smith noted El Ain's population as being predominantly Metawileh.

## Geography and Agriculture

The altitude of this village ranges from 900 to 1300 meters above sea level. The village is 125 km away from Beirut situated between the towns of Labwe and Fakiha. Its economy is restricted to agriculture (figs, olives, apples, pomegranate, apricots, peach and grapes). Many sources of water are distributed all around the village.

## Weather Conditions

Winters in El Ain are cold and dry, with temperatures seldom reaching freezing point (-7° to -10°). On average, it snows three to five times per season. Summers are very hot and dry, with temperatures seldom reaching 40 °C. The average annual rainfall is 230 mm (9 in).

## Notable people

* Ali Hussain Sibat
* Mohamad Safwan (born 2003), Lebanese footballer
# Donald Dutton

Donald George Dutton (born October 9, 1943) is a Canadian psychologist who is a tenured professor emeritus in the Department of Psychology at the University of British Columbia. He received his Ph.D. in social psychology from the University of Toronto in 1970.
# Joan Sawyer

Dame Joan Augusta Sawyer, DBE, PC (born 26 November 1940) is a Bahamian judge. She was Chief Justice of the Bahamas from 1996 to 2001 and President of the Court of Appeal of the Bahamas from 2001 to 2010. She was the first woman to ever serve in those two positions.

## Early life and education

Sawyer was born in George Town, Exuma, Bahamas in 1940. She attended the Georgetown Public School, Aquinas College, and the Government High School.
Sawyer began her career in 1958 as a clerk-trainee at the Ministry of Public Works. Subsequently, she obtained an LL.B. at the University of London.
Sawyer joined the government's Legal Department in 1970 and went to the College of Law in London in 1970 to study for the bar exams. Sawyer was called to the Bar of England and Wales at Gray's Inn on 19 July 1973 and to the Bahamas Bar on 12 September 1973.

## Legal career

By July 1974, Smith was serving as Crown Counsel, prosecuting cases on behalf of the Crown. In September 1978, she served as an acting magistrate on a widely-reported poaching case. In 1987, she served as an acting Supreme Court justice for two months.
Sawyer was named a Justice of the Supreme Court of the Bahamas on 6 May 1988, and served in that position until 30 June 1995. She returned to the bench on 1 November 1996 as Chief Justice, where she sat until 26 November 2001.
She was then appointed President of the Court of Appeal; a position from which she retired on 26 November 2010, her 70th birthday. She was succeeded in the position by Anita Allen, the second woman to hold the job. Sawyer is also a member of the Indian Council of Jurists.

## Awards and honours

Sawyer was made a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire on 25 November 1996. She was also notably the only Bahamian to serve on both the judicial and political branches of the Privy Council.

## Personal life

Sawyer was married to the late Geoffrey Sawyer; the couple had one son, Samuel.
# Leucostethus ramirezi

Leucostethus ramirezi is a species of frog in the family Dendrobatidae that is endemic to Colombia. It is only known from the region of its type locality, Urrao in the Antioquia Department.

## Habitat

Scientists observed this frog on farms and in pastures near forests and unpolluted streams between 1,300 and 2,160 metres (4,270 and 7,090 ft) above sea level.
The frog's known range includes one protected park: Parque Nacional Natural Las Orquídeas. Scientists believe it may also live in Parque Nacional Natural Paramillo.

## Young

Scientists have observed tadpoles swimming in small pools of water, even footprints.

## Threats

The IUCN classifies this species as endangered. They observe that it can live in habitats that have faced some disturbance but do not think it can tolerate extremely disturbed habitats. The frog faces threats from deforestation in favor of agriculture, livestock cultivation, and illegal gold mining. The deforestation affects parts of the Parque Nacional Natural Las Orquídeas.
Scientists do not know whether the fungal disease chytridiomycosis is affecting this population or not.
# TT338

Maya and Tamyt in hieroglyphs :
Era: New Kingdom (1550–1069 BC) :
TT338 or chapel of Maya is the burial place of the ancient Egyptian artist Maya and his wife Tamyt in the necropolis of Deir el-Medina near modern Luxor, Egypt. Maya was titled "outline-draughtsman of Amun" and was active in the late Eighteenth Dynasty. The chapel was discovered and excavated in 1905-1906 by the Italian egyptologist Ernesto Schiaparelli, near the Tomb of Kha and Merit. The painted interior depicts the funerary procession and feasts of the deceased; the decoration was detached by the restorer Fabrizio Lucarini in 1906 and is housed today in the Museo Egizio in Turin, Italy.

## Owner

TT338 belonged to Maya (also transcribed Maï or May), an artist who bore the title "outline-draughtsman of Amun" who was active in the late Eighteenth Dynasty, after the reign of Akhenaten. His wife was named Tamyt.
* Maya and Tamyt portrayed seated in the back wall painting.
* Funerary stela of Maya, limestone. Museo Egizio, Turin (C. 1579). The painted stela arrived in Turin with the Bernardino Drovetti collection in 1824. It was possibly discovered near the funerary chapel where Schiaparelli was to excavate roughly 80 years later. In the upper portion of the stele, Maya and his wife Tamyt pay homage to Osiris and Hathor, the gods of the necropolis. In the lower register is a similar, corresponding scene in which Maya and his wife receive food offerings, in their turn, from their many children, in keeping with a principle of reciprocity that is often found inn Egyptian religious thought.

## Description

The funerary chapel is situated in the northern cemetery of the workmen's village of Deir el-Medina, immediately east of TT8 and about 1 metre (3.3 ft) downhill of it. It was discovered in 1905-1906 by the Italian Archaeological Mission who removed the chapel's paintings to the Museo Egizio in Turin, Italy. The chapel was once pyramid-shaped but only the vaulted chamber remains; it was likely surrounded by a walled courtyard but nothing remains of the enclosure wall. The tomb is accessed via a shaft in the courtyard and leads to two small rooms which are uninscribed.
The chapel was entirely decorated with funerary scenes. The paintings of this chapel are axceptionally preserved, although not in their entirety. Wall painting was applied a tempera: the mudbrick walls were covered with a plaster of fresh mud and straw, painted after drying. The two long walls have three registers each depicting the funerary procession of the deceased to their tomb, the deceased receiving funerary offerings, and boat journeys to and from Abydos. The back wall had a funerary stele at its centre surrounded by depictions of seated couples and funerary priests.
* Exterior view of the chapel of Maia, in situ. Schiaparelli excavations, 1905-1906.
* Paintings inside the chapel of Maya, Museo Egizio, Turin.
* The entrance wall of the chapel
* Detail of the wall decoration
# Alicia D'Anvers

Alicia D'Anvers [née Clarke] (baptised 1668–1725) was an English poet known for her satires of academic life.

## Biography

Born in Oxford, her father, Samuel Clarke (bap. 1624, d. 1669), was superior beadle of civil law and first architypographus, or director of printing, for the University of Oxford. He died when she was two. She married barrister Knightley D'Anvers (c.1670–1740), son of Jane Knightly and physician Daniel D'Anvers, in 1688. D'Anvers had no children.
D'Anvers is known to have published two poems with a third generally attributed to her. A Poem Upon His Sacred Majesty, His Voyage For Holland: By way of Dialogue, Between Belgia and Britannia (1691) was dedicated to Queen Mary; it is a poetic dialogue between Britannia and Belgia which addresses criticisms that King William III had divided loyalties between the Netherlands, the country of his birth, and Britain. According to Germaine Greer et al., it is "as dull as might be expected," but another commentator calls it politically "daring." The second and third poems — Academia, or, The Humours of the University of Oxford. In Burlesque Verse (1691) and The Oxford-Act: a Poem (1693) — satirise elements of academic life at the University of Oxford. These latter were part of a long tradition of university satire not usually practiced by women. D'Anvers would seem to have been quite familiar with college politics, and both poems target the alleged sexual activities of Oxford students. The Oxford-Act is particularly bawdy, which may explain why it was published anonymously. Academia, or, The Humours of the University of Oxford was D'Anvers' most popular poem; told from the perspective of a town servant, it lampoons the current state of the university through the eyes of a visiting country bumpkin, one John Blunder, and consists of 1,411 lines of "robust colloquial iambic tetrameters, called hudibrastics."
One modern commentator has described D'Anvers as "that splendid Oxford satirist" though another characterizes Academia as "ribald, scurrilous doggerel." Her work has been anthologized in Kissing the Rod (1988), and Early Modern Women Poets.

## Works

* Resources in your library
* Resources in other libraries
* Online books
* Resources in your library
* Resources in other libraries
* A Poem Upon His Sacred Majesty, His Voyage For Holland: By way of Dialogue, Between Belgia and Britannia. London, Printed for Tho. Bever, at the Hand and Star, near Temple Barr, in Fleet-street, 1691.
* Academia, or, The Humours of the University of Oxford. In Burlesque Verse. London: Printed and sold by Randal Taylor near Stationers Hall, 1691 (repr. 1716, 1730).
* The Oxford-Act: a Poem. London: Printed for Randal Taylor, 1693.
# Trackin'

"Trackin'" is a song by Filipino-American singer Billy Crawford. It was the first single released from his second studio album, Ride (2002). The song reached number one in the Netherlands, number three in Switzerland, number five in France, and number 20 in Germany. As of August 2014, it was the 74th-best-selling single of the 21st century in France, with 343,000 units sold. In the United Kingdom, the song was released as the third single in August 2003. "Trackin'" is his highest charting single there, reaching number 32 on the UK Singles Chart.

## Track listings

European CD single
* "Trackin'" (album version) – 4:10
* "Trackin'" (extended mix) – 7:15
* An enhanced version featuring the "Trackin'" video was also released.
European maxi-CD single
* "Trackin'" (album version) – 4:10
* "Changing My Color" – 4:09
* "Trust Me" – 3:54
* "Trackin'" (extended mix) – 7:15
European 12-inch single
    A. "Trackin'" (extended mix) – 7:15
    B. "Trackin'" (album version) – 4:10
UK CD1
* "Trackin'" (radio edit) – 3:31
* "That's the Way Love Is" (radio edit) – 4:16
* "When You're in Love with Someone" (radio edit) – 4:26
UK CD2
* "Trackin'" (Wookie remix) – 4:21
* "Trackin'" (DND full vocal edit) – 5:36
* "Trackin'" (Almighty radio edit) – 3:44
* "Trackin'" (video edit) – 3:49
* "Trackin'" (video—new version) – 3:53
UK DVD single
* "Trackin'" (radio edit audio) – 3:31
* "The Making of Trackin'" (video) – 5:30

## Credits

* Backing vocals by Adam Anders and Jany Schella
* Bass by Anders Barrén
* Guitar by Anders Barrén
* Mixed by Tony Maserati
* Produced by Anders Barrén and Jany Schella, Stargate

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Belgium (BEA) | Gold | 25,000$^*$ |
| France (SNEP) | Platinum | 500,000$^*$ |
| $^*$ Sales figures based on certification alone. |||

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) |
| France | October 4, 2001 | CD | V2 |
| Australia | October 28, 2002 | CD | V2 |
| United Kingdom | August 18, 2003 | CDDVDcassette | V2 |
# Cotton Gargrave

Sir Cotton Gargrave (1540–1588) was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1571 and 1572.

## Early life

Gargrave was the son of Sir Thomas Gargrave, High Sheriff of Yorkshire. He resided at Nostell Priory and at Kingsley, Yorkshire.

## Political career

In the northern rebellion of 1569, Gargrave commanded a force of 200 men from the West Riding of Yorkshire. He was elected Member of Parliament for Boroughbridge in 1571 and 1572. In 1583 he was appointed High Sheriff of Yorkshire and knighted in 1585. He was Custos Rotulorum of the West Riding of Yorkshire from 1584 to 1588. In his later years, he was forced to mortgage many of the extensive properties left him by his wealthy father.

## Family

Gargrave married firstly Bridget Fairfax, daughter of Sir William Fairfax of Steeton, West Yorkshire, and High Sheriff of Yorkshire. He married secondly Agnes (or Anne) Waterton, daughter of Sir Thomas Waterton of Walton and Sandal, Yorkshire.
He was a friend of Elizabeth's ambassador to Scotland, Thomas Randolph, and invited him to Nostell in May 1586.
Over the years, the Gargrave family earned what one observer called a reputation for romantic entanglements "remarkable for crime and misfortune." His wife became embroiled in lawsuits after his death. Thanks to ongoing lawsuits and ill-considered liaisons, "the whole family sunk into obscurity." His son Thomas by his first wife was executed for the murder of a servant boy. His son Richard by his second wife inherited an enormous patrimony from the Gargrave estates in Yorkshire, but dissipated it by drinking, gambling and extravagance and was eventually reduced to riding with the pack horses and died with his head on a pack saddle in an old inn. Among his daughters; Elizabeth, married William Fenwick of Stanton, Northumberland, Anne married Peter Venables, MP and secondly the equerry Sir Edward Bushell, and Mary was a Maid of Honour to Anne of Denmark.
# Suhaim bin Hamad Al Thani

Suhaim bin Hamad bin Abdullah bin Jassim bin Muhammed Al Thani (Arabic: سحيم بن حمد بن عبد الله بن قاسم آل ثاني; 1933 – 21 August 1985) was a member of the ruling family of Qatar who served as the country's foreign minister. His brother, Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, was the Emir of Qatar.

## Career

Sheikh Suhaim was appointed minister of foreign affairs in February 1972. He served in the post until his death on 21 August 1985. He had a great deal of participation, particularly in political, humanitarian, social and cultural activities.
In 1985, he plotted a coup against his brother Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani after he learned that Khalifa had named his own son, Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, as his heir. He had his own cache of weapons and maintained a cadre of supporters in northern Qatar. After Suhaim died suddenly of a heart attack in August 1985, his sons blamed Ghanim Al Kuwari, the minister of information and culture, for not responding promptly to his calls for medical attention. They were imprisoned after they attempted to assassinate Al Kuwari.

## Legacy

In 2008 a fellowship fund was established at Harvard University’s John F. Kennedy School of Government for the memory of Suhaim bin Hamad Al Thani.

## Children

He had nine sons and five daughters from the same wife, Muna bint Jassim Al Hassan Al Dosari.

### Daughters

* Muna bint Suhaim
* Rudha bint Suhaim
* Amna bint Suhaim
* Al Anoud bint Suhaim
* Muneera bint Suhaim
# Pontalina

Pontalina is a municipality in south-central Goiás state, Brazil. One hundred and twenty-five kilometers from the state capital, Goiânia, it has become one of the most important retail clusters of lingerie in the state: Every year thousand of people flock to the city to buy its production of fine lingerie in order to sell it within Goiás, in other states, and even abroad.

## Geography and climate

Pontalina is connected by highways BR-153 and GO-19. Another way to reach it by car is through the newly renovated GO-040 road that connects it to Aparecida de Goiânia (in the metropolitan area of the capital, Goiânia). Neighboring municipalities are Mairipotaba, Piracanjuba, Morrinhos, Aloândia, Joviânia, Vicentinópolis, Edéia, Edealina and Cezarina.
The climate is hot in summer and mild in winter, with an average annual temperature of 25 °C. The fauna is represented by jacaré, catitus, paca, deer, and capibara, whose preferred habitat is the Rio dos Bois. The flora has suffered with deforestation but there are still stands of jatobá, angico, aroeira, ipê and peroba rosa (Aspidosperma—see Peroba rosa)

## History

The origins of the town go back to the nineteenth century when cattle ranchers established themselves in the region. In 1938 what was once a district of Morrinhos became a city named Pontalina, derived from the proximity of the Rio dos Bois and the Meia Ponte River.

## Government

Pontalina's current mayor is Edson Guimaraes de Faria. In 2009 its city council had nine members.

## Demographics

As of 2007, its urban population numbered 13,216 people, its rural population, 3,010. Its population density was 11.36 inhabitants per square kilometer, and between 2000 and 2007 it experienced a population loss of 0.29 percent.

## Economy

Pontalina's economy is based on agriculture, cattle raising, services, public administration, and small transformation industries. There is a large production of milk.
* Industrial units: 40 (2007)
* Commercial units: 191 (2007)
* Bank agencies: Banco do Brasil - Banco Bradesco - Banco Itaú
(June 2007)
* Dairy: Parmalat Brasil - Indústria de Alimentos (22/05/2006)
* Cattle herd: 119,656 heads (2006)
* Dairy cows: 22,440 (2006)
* Main crops (2006): pumpkin, rice, banana, beans, watermelon, soybeans (16,850 hectares), tomatoes, wheat, and corn (1,150 hectares).

## Education

In 2006, Pontalina had 15 schools with a total enrollment of 4,283. There were 732 students in its middle and secondary schools. There is no higher education institution in the municipality, and its literacy rate among adults in 2000 was 86.2% (compared to the national average of 86.4%).

## Health

In 2007, the municipality had two hospitals and nine ambulatory clinics with a total 52 hospital beds.
Its infant mortality rate was 14.22 in 2000, compared to the national average of 33.0.

## Quality of life index

In the 2000 United Nations Human Development Index, Pontalina had a rating of 0.805, which ranked it in 8th place out of a total of 242 municipalities in the state of Goiás. Nationally it was ranked 467 out of 5,507 municipalities. For the complete list see Frigoletto
# Tariff of 1792

The Tariff of 1792 was the third of Alexander Hamilton's protective tariffs in the United States (first was the Hamilton tariff of 1789, second was the Tariff of 1790). Hamilton had persuaded the United States Congress to raise duties slightly in 1790, and he persuaded them to raise rates again in 1792, although still not to his satisfaction. Protectionism was one of the fulfillments of Hamilton's Report on Manufactures.