OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Constitution of American Samoa

The Constitution of American Samoa is the constitution that defines the government of American Samoa. Unlike constitutions of a state, it is subject to unilateral change by the federal government. Constitutional documents of the territory include the treaties that created it and the 1960 constitution (as amended) approved by the federal government and popular referendum.

## History

In 1956, Governor Richard Barrett Lowe initiated the development of an American Samoa Constitution by appointing a Constitutional Committee.
The original Constitution was adopted by a constitutional convention and was signed by the 68 members of the convention and United States Secretary of the Interior Fred Andrew Seaton on 27 April 1960 and became effective 17 October 1960. A Constitutional Convention of American Samoa in Fagatogo begun on 26 September 1966 and approved several amendments, which were approved in a referendum in the general elections in 1966, promulgated by Interior Secretary Stewart Udall on 2 June 1967, and became effective 1 July 1967.
The Constitution was created during the first term of former Governor Peter Tali Coleman. Governor Coleman chaired the convention which drafted the original constitution. It included a bill of rights and provided protection for American Sāmoans against alienation of their lands and loss of culture. Savali Talavou Ale led the committee assignment of reviewing the constitution in the American Samoa House of Representatives.
To prevent the Secretary of the Interior from appointing an Attorney General independent of the elected Governor, the United States Congress passed a law in 1983 mandating that amendments to the Constitution be made by Congress alone. This law was repealed in 2025.

## Other constitutional documents

The Ratification Act of 1929 was joint resolution of the United States Congress that ratified the Treaty of Cession of Tutuila of 1900 and the Treaty of Cession of Manuʻa of 1904, which ceded the islands of Tutuila and Manuʻa, respectively, to the United States and now form part of American Samoa. These agreements came about because of the Second Samoan Civil War and the Tripartite Convention of 1899 between the United States, the United Kingdom, and the German Empire.
# Zastawie, Biłgoraj County

Zastawie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Goraj, within Biłgoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) north-east of Goraj, 20 km (12 mi) north of Biłgoraj, and 59 km (37 mi) south of the regional capital Lublin.
# Zastawie, Łuków County

Zastawie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stanin, within Łuków County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) north of Stanin, 15 km (9 mi) west of Łuków, and 81 km (50 mi) north of the regional capital Lublin.
# Zawadki, Biała Podlaska County

Zawadki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Międzyrzec Podlaski, within Biała Podlaska County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) north-east of Międzyrzec Podlaski, 18 km (11 mi) west of Biała Podlaska, and 92 km (57 mi) north of the regional capital Lublin.
# Zawadki, Tomaszów Lubelski County

Zawadki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Susiec, within Tomaszów Lubelski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) east of Susiec, 9 km (6 mi) west of Tomaszów Lubelski, and 103 km (64 mi) south-east of the regional capital Lublin.
# Velia Eguiluz

Velia Eguiluz (born 1 April 1965) is a Mexican beach volleyball player. She competed in the women's tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Maria José Schuller

Maria José Schuller (born 13 February 1965) is a Portuguese beach volleyball player. She competed in the women's tournament at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
# Akihiko Matsuda

Akihiko Matsuda (born 22 June 1965) is a Japanese former volleyball player who competed in the 1992 Summer Olympics.
# Keith Gill (athletic director)

Keith Gill is an American college sports administrator who serves as the commissioner of the Sun Belt Conference, a collegiate athletic conference in the United States. Gill is also the first African-American to serve as a commissioner an NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) conference.

## Career

Gill previously served as athletic director at the University of Richmond from 2012 to 2017, as athletic director at American University from 2007 to 2012, and as senior associate athletic director at the University of Oklahoma from 2004 to 2007. Gill attended college at Duke University, where he played running back on the Duke Blue Devils football team. Gill was named the commissioner of the Sun Belt Conference on March 18, 2019. Gill has also worked many other collegiate jobs, such as working as the NCAA membership services representative from 1995 to 1999 and again from 2004 to 2007 as the director of membership services, assistant athletic director at Vanderbilt University from 2000 to 2004, and as executive associate commissioner for the Atlantic 10 Conference from 2017 to 2019.
In addition to his work as commissioner, Gill is currently serving a five-year term on the NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Committee, a tenure that started during the 2021–22 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. In July 2024, Gill was elected to the Vice-Chair position of the committee for the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's basketball season, and as Chair for the 2025-26 season.
# Shihin, Lebanon

Shihin (Arabic: شيحين) is a municipality in Southern Lebanon, located in Tyre District, Governorate of South Lebanon.

## Etymology

According to E. H. Palmer, the name comes from a personal name.

## History

In 1875 Victor Guérin found here 200 Metawileh inhabitants. He also noted: "that the hill on which the village stands is surrounded by an enclosure constructed of great blocks regularly cut and of varying dimensions. Here and there are standing, unbroken, pieces of this thick wall. On the highest point of the hill may be remarked the remains of a fortress built with stones of the same dressing, the interior of which has been transformed into private houses, themselves half demolished. Near here the site of an ancient tower is still to be made out. Here are also broken sarcophagi, cisterns, a press cut in the rock, and a great basin to hold rain-water."
In 1881, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described it: "A stone and mud village, containing 150 Metawileh, with traces of ruins [..], situated on ridge of hills, with figs, olives and arable land. Here is a large birket and twelve cisterns for water."
They further noted: "Some large well-dressed stones and foundations of ancient buildings ; one column and broken sculptured stone ; probably an ancient place of im portance."
During Operation Accountability, July 1993, Shihin was one of the villages devastated by Israeli artillery. On 19 August, nineteen days after the cease fire was established, eight Israeli soldiers were killed in a Hizbollah ambush close to the village.

## Demographics

In 2014 Muslims made up 99.80% of registered voters in Shihin. 98.32% of the voters were Shiite Muslims.
# Cole Hutson

Cole Hutson (born June 28, 2006) is an American college ice hockey defenseman for Boston University of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). He was selected in the second round, 43rd overall, by the Washington Capitals in the 2024 NHL entry draft.

## Playing career

In the 2022–23 season, Hutson set the USA Hockey National Team Development Program (NTDP) record for single-season points by a defenseman with 68 points in 61 games. The following season, he totaled 15 goals and 51 points in 51 games, finishing his NTDP career as the all-time leader in program points by a defenseman, with his 119 points eclipsing the previous record of 111 set by J. D. Forrest over three seasons from 1997 to 2000.

## International play

Hutston represented the United States at the 2022 World U-17 Hockey Challenge where he recorded nine assists in seven games and won a gold medal.
Hutson represented the United States at the 2023 World U18 Championships, leading all defensemen with 12 points. He and the United States team dominated the event, going undefeated en route to a gold medal, with a final goal differential of +41. He again represented the United States at the 2024 World U18 Championships, where he recorded four goals and nine assists in seven games and won a silver medal. He subsequently won the IIHF directorate award for best defenseman, despite nearly missing the tournament due to a sprained ankle that he had not fully recovered from.
Hutson represented the United States at the 2025 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships where he became the first defenseman to lead the tournament in points with 3 goals and 8 assists in 7 games, a national team record for most points by a defenseman at the World Juniors, on his way to winning the gold medal.

## Personal life

Hutson is the younger brother of Lane Hutson who is a defenseman for the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League (NHL). He is the third of four brothers, all of whom play ice hockey.

## Career statistics
### Regular season and playoffs

| | | | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Regular season | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs | Playoffs |
| Season | Team | League | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2022–23 | U.S. National Development Team | USHL | 32 | 4 | 21 | 25 | 52 | — | — | — | — | — |
| 2023–24 | U.S. National Development Team | USHL | 19 | 3 | 9 | 12 | 14 | — | — | — | — | — |
| USHL totals | USHL totals | USHL totals | 51 | 7 | 30 | 37 | 66 | — | — | — | — | — |

### International

| Year | Team | Event | Result | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2022 | United States | U17 | | 7 | 0 | 9 | 9 | 4 |
| 2023 | United States | U18 | | 7 | 1 | 11 | 12 | 8 |
| 2024 | United States | U18 | | 7 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 6 |
| 2025 | United States | WJC | | 7 | 3 | 8 | 11 | 2 |
| Junior totals | Junior totals | Junior totals | Junior totals | 28 | 8 | 37 | 45 | 20 |

## Awards and honors

| Award | Year |
| International |||
| World U18 Championship – media All-Star team | 2023, 2024 |
| World U18 Championship – best defenseman | 2024 |
| College |||
| Hockey East All-Rookie Team | 2025 |
# Harriet Cordner

Harriet Cordner (born 22 July 1992) is an Australian rules footballer with the Carlton Football Club in the AFL Women's competition. She previously played four seasons with Melbourne after being recruited to the club as a category B rookie in October 2016. She made her debut in the fifteen point loss to Brisbane at Casey Fields in the opening round of the 2017 season. She played every match in her debut season to finish with seven games. She was delisted in May 2017 but was quickly re-signed by Melbourne as a free agent.
She is the granddaughter of the former Melbourne player, Brownlow Medallist, and two-time VFL premiership player Don Cordner.
At the conclusion of the 2020 season, she was traded to Richmond in exchange for an early second round pick in the 2020 draft. Cordner achieved selection in Champion Data's 2021 AFLW All-Star stats team, after leading the league for average intercept marks in the 2021 AFL Women's season, totalling 2.6 a game.
In March 2023, Cordner was traded to Carlton.

## Statistics

    Statistics are correct to the end of the 2020 season.
| Season | Team | No. | Games | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) |
| Season | Team | No. | Games | G | B | K | H | D | M | T | G | B | K | H | D | M | T |
| 2017 | Melbourne | 21 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 18 | 11 | 29 | 4 | 23 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 2.6 | 1.6 | 4.1 | 0.6 | 3.3 |
| 2018 | Melbourne | 21 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 12 | 33 | 7 | 13 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 5.3 | 3.0 | 8.3 | 1.8 | 3.3 |
| 2019 | Melbourne | 21 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 45 | 28 | 73 | 16 | 10 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.4 | 4.0 | 10.4 | 2.3 | 1.4 |
| 2020 | Melbourne | 21 | 7 | 0 | 1 | 32 | 27 | 59 | 8 | 20 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 4.6 | 3.9 | 8.4 | 1.1 | 2.9 |
| Career | Career | Career | 25 | 1 | 2 | 116 | 78 | 194 | 35 | 66 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 4.6 | 3.1 | 7.8 | 1.4 | 2.6 |
# Plamen Khristov

Plamen Khristov (Bulgarian: Пламен Христов, born 5 April 1965) is a Bulgarian volleyball player. He competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics and the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# La Cage aux Folles (play)

La Cage aux Folles (, "The Cage of Madwomen") is a 1973 French farce by Jean Poiret centering on confusion that ensues when Laurent, the son of a Saint Tropez night club owner and his gay lover, brings his fiancée's ultraconservative parents for dinner. The original French production premièred at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal on 1 February 1973 and ran for almost 1,800 performances. The principal roles were played by Jean Poiret and Michel Serrault. A French-Italian film of the play was made in 1978 (with two sequels La Cage aux Folles II (1980), directed by Édouard Molinaro and La Cage aux Folles 3: 'Elles' se marient (1985), directed by Georges Lautner.) In 1983, Poiret's play was adapted in the United States as a musical with a book by Harvey Fierstein and music and lyrics by Jerry Herman and later remade as the American film The Birdcage. A new translation by actor Simon Callow premiered at the Park Theatre (London) in 2020.
# List of places in Swansea

    Map of places in Swansea compiled from this list
    See the list of places in Wales for places in other principal areas.
This is a list of cities, towns and villages in the principal area of Swansea, Wales.
* Top
* 0–9
* A
* B
* C
* D
* E
* F
* G
* H
* I
* J
* K
* L
* M
* N
* O
* P
* Q
* R
* S
* T
* U
* V
* W
* X
* Y
* Z

## A

* Alltwen

## B

* Birchgrove, Bishopston, Blackpill, Blaen-Y-Maes, Bolgoed, Bon-y-maen, Brynhyfryd, Brynmelyn, Brynmill, Bryntywod, Burry Green

## C

* Cadle, Caemawr, Carnglas, Caswell, Cheriton, Clase, Clydach, Clyne, Cockett, Copley, Craigcefnparc, Crofty, Cwmbwrla, Cwmdu, Cwmfelin, Cwm Gwyn

## D

* Danygraig, Derwen Fawr, Dunvant

## E

* Enterprise Zone

## F

* Fairwood, Fairyhill, Felindre, Fforest, Fforestfach, Frederick Place

## G

* Garden Village, Garnswllt, Gendros, Gorseinon, Gowerton, Graig Trewyddfa, Greenhill, Grovesend

## H

* Hafod, Hendrefoilan, Hendy, Heol-Las, Horton

## I

* Ilston

## K

* Killay, Kingsbridge, Kittle, Knelston

## L

* Landore, Landimore, Langland, Leason, Llandewi, Llangennith, Llangyfelach, Llanmadoc, Llanmorlais, Llanrhidian, Llansamlet, Llethryd, Llewitha, Loughor

## M

* Manselton, Maritime Quarter, Mawr, Mayals, Mayhill, Middleton, Morfa, Morriston, Mount Pleasant, Mumbles, Murton, Mynydd-Bach, Mynydd Bach Y Glo

## N

* Newton, Nicholaston, Norton, North Hill,

## O

* Olchfa, Oldwalls, Overton, Oystermouth, Oxwich, Oxwich Green

## P

* Pantlasau, Parkmill, Penclawdd, Peniel Green, Penlan, Peniel Green, Penllergaer, Penmaen, Pennard, Penrice, Pentrebach, Pentrechwyth, Pentre-Dwr, Pentrepoeth, Penyrheol, Pitton, Pitton Green, Plasmarl, Pontarddulais, Pontlliw, Port Eynon, Portmead, Port Tennant, Poundffald

## R

* Ravenhill, Reynoldston, Rhydypandy, Rhossili

## S

* SA1 Waterfront, Sandfields, Scurlage, Sketty, Sketty Park, Slade, Southgate, St. Thomas, Swansea, Swansea Docks

## T

* Thistleboon, Three Crosses, Tirdeunaw, Tircoed forest village, Tirpenry, Townhill, Treboeth, Tycoch

## U

* Uplands, Upper Killay

## W

* Waunarlwydd, Waun Wen, Wernffrwd, Wernfadog, West Cross, Winch Wen

## Y

* Ynysforgan, Ynystawe
# Gallop Racer 2003: A New Breed

Gallop Racer 2003: A New Breed, known in Japan as Gallop Racer 6: Revolution (ギャロップレーサー6 -レボリューション-, Gyaroppu Rēsā 6 -Reboryūshon-), and in Europe as At the Races Presents Gallop Racer, is a horse racing video game developed and published by Tecmo, released in 2002-2003 for the PlayStation 2.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | 68/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| Famitsu | 28/40 |
| Game Informer | 8.5/10 |
| GamePro | |
| GameRevolution | B |
| GameSpot | 5.4/10 |
| GameSpy | |
| IGN | 7.9/10 |
| Official U.S. PlayStation Magazine | |
| PlayStation: The Official Magazine | 8/10 |
| X-Play | |
The game received "average" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of 28 out of 40.
# Colpbol

Colpbol is a team sport invented in 1997 by Valencian (Foios) physical education teacher Juanjo Bendicho. Colpbol is characterized by its great dynamism, integration and egalitarianism, with all team members having equal importance, and with mixed gender teams the rule rather than the exception.
Rules: They only can touch the ball one time the same person. They can't touch with the feet. They can't take the ball with two hands.
Colp has spread from Valencia to the rest of Spain and to some countries in South America. There is a youth Colpbol league in Spain with more than 30000 participants.
# Jad Capelja

Jadranka Capelja (1965 – 10 January 2010) was a Yugoslavia-born Australian actress, best known for her role in the 1981 teen film Puberty Blues, based on the novel of the same name.

## Early life

Capjelja was born to parents, Stevan and Maria, in Yugoslavia in 1965. She emigrated with her family to Australia at the age of five. She lived with her parents in Sydney's Inner West in Annandale. Her parents became Australian citizens in 1978.

## Career

In 1981, she made her film debut in Bruce Beresford's coming-of-age film, Puberty Blues. She played Sue Knight, best friend of the protagonist, Debbie (played by Nell Schofield). Capelja and Schofield were chosen from among 490 young actresses that auditioned for the roles. The film was very successful in Australia, Schofield and Capelja became instant stars and were sent on a huge publicity tour around the country.
Capelja was later the female lead in Scott Hicks' 1982 road film Freedom set and filmed in South Australia. In the same year she also appeared in two episodes of TV drama series A Country Practice. These two performances and Puberty Blues are her only credited screen roles.
She was unsuccessful when applying to study at the National Institute of Dramatic Art to develop her acting. She attempted to continue her performing career by auditioning for other acting roles but struggled to get cast in new roles. She occasionally appeared in commercials and stage roles during the period. In 1987, she appeared in the play, The Pirates of Lake Burley Griffin at TAU in Canberra.
She later struggled with addiction and was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia.

## Personal life

She had a son, Miles Muecke, from her marriage to Richard Muecke. Miles became a lawyer and in recent years has worked as an MMA coach and founder of nutrition brand. Some of Capelja's relatives have settled in Vojka in Serbia.
She later struggled with addiction and was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. In the time leading up to her death she was on a treatment plan and recognising her mental health difficulties.

### Death

Capelja committed suicide by hanging in her Sydney apartment on 10 January 2010. Her Puberty Blues co-star Nell Schofield later observed that "it was probably very hard for her to accept that she wasn't going to have a career as an actress, that she wasn't going to be as famous or as big a star as she was when she was 16."

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1981 | Puberty Blues | Sue Knight | Film Dir. Bruce Beresford |
| 1982 | Freedom | Sally | Film Dir. Scott Hicks |
| 1982 | A Country Practice | Nurse Cotteril | 2 episodes |
# Discrete spline interpolation

In the mathematical field of numerical analysis, discrete spline interpolation is a form of interpolation where the interpolant is a special type of piecewise polynomial called a discrete spline. A discrete spline is a piecewise polynomial such that its central differences are continuous at the knots whereas a spline is a piecewise polynomial such that its derivatives are continuous at the knots. Discrete cubic splines are discrete splines where the central differences of orders 0, 1, and 2 are required to be continuous.
Discrete splines were introduced by Mangasarin and Schumaker in 1971 as solutions of certain minimization problems involving differences.

## Discrete cubic splines

Let x$_1$, x$_2$, . . ., x$_{n-1}$ be an increasing sequence of real numbers. Let g(x) be a piecewise polynomial defined by
    $g(x)={\begin{cases}g_{1}(x)&x<x_{1}\\g_{i}(x)&x_{i-1}\leq x<x_{i}{\text{ for }}i=2,3,\ldots ,n-1\\g_{n}(x)&x\geq x_{n-1}\end{cases}}$
where g$_1$(x), . . ., g$_n$(x) are polynomials of degree 3. Let h > 0. If
    $(g_{i+1}-g_{i})(x_{i}+jh)=0{\text{ for }}j=-1,0,1{\text{ and }}i=1,2,\ldots ,n-1$
then g(x) is called a discrete cubic spline.

### Alternative formulation 1

The conditions defining a discrete cubic spline are equivalent to the following:
    $g_{i+1}(x_{i}-h)=g_{i}(x_{i}-h)$
    $g_{i+1}(x_{i})=g_{i}(x_{i})$
    $g_{i+1}(x_{i}+h)=g_{i}(x_{i}+h)$

### Alternative formulation 2

The central differences of orders 0, 1, and 2 of a function f(x) are defined as follows:
    $D^{(0)}f(x)=f(x)$
    $D^{(1)}f(x)={\frac {f(x+h)-f(x-h)}{2h}}$
    $D^{(2)}f(x)={\frac {f(x+h)-2f(x)+f(x-h)}{h^{2}}}$
The conditions defining a discrete cubic spline are also equivalent to
    $D^{(j)}g_{i+1}(x_{i})=D^{(j)}g_{i}(x_{i}){\text{ for }}j=0,1,2{\text{ and }}i=1,2,\ldots ,n-1.$
This states that the central differences $D^{(j)}g(x)$ are continuous at x$_i$.

### Example

Let x$_1$ = 1 and x$_2$ = 2 so that n = 3. The following function defines a discrete cubic spline:
$g(x)={\begin{cases}x^{3}&x<1\\x^{3}-2(x-1)((x-1)^{2}-h^{2})&1\leq x<2\\x^{3}-2(x-1)((x-1)^{2}-h^{2})+(x-2)((x-2)^{2}-h^{2})&x\geq 2\end{cases}}$

## Discrete cubic spline interpolant

Let x$_0$ < x$_1$ and x$_n$ > x$_{n-1}$ and f(x) be a function defined in the closed interval [x$_0$ - h, x$_n$ + h]. Then there is a unique cubic discrete spline g(x) satisfying the following conditions:
    $g(x_{i})=f(x_{i}){\text{ for }}i=0,1,\ldots ,n.$
    $D^{(1)}g_{1}(x_{0})=D^{(1)}f(x_{0}).$
    $D^{(1)}g_{n}(x_{n})=D^{(1)}f(x_{n}).$
This unique discrete cubic spline is the discrete spline interpolant to f(x) in the interval [x$_0$ - h, x$_n$ + h]. This interpolant agrees with the values of f(x) at x$_0$, x$_1$, . . ., x$_n$.

## Applications

* Discrete cubic splines were originally introduced as solutions of certain minimization problems.
* They have applications in computing nonlinear splines.
* They are used to obtain approximate solution of a second order boundary value problem.
* Discrete interpolatory splines have been used to construct biorthogonal wavelets.
# Microsoft Photo Editor

Microsoft Photo Editor is a raster graphics editor component of Microsoft Office first included with Microsoft Office 97. It features editing tools to texturize, create negatives, adjust gamma, and add transparency to GIF images. It was replaced in Microsoft Office 2003 by Microsoft Office Picture Manager, although many Photo Editor features (mostly visual effects and tools) were not available in Picture Manager.

## Issues

Early versions of Microsoft Photo Editor, including the version bundled with Office 2000, do not preserve metadata from digital camera JPEG images. The Office 2000 version sets the display resolution metadata of BMP files to 0 by 0, regardless of what resolution is set through the program UI.
Version 3.0.2.3 and earlier have a 10 megapixel resolution limit. Large bitmap BMP files can be opened in Microsoft Photo Editor 3.0.2.3, as well as, e.g. a 4000×2578 (10.3 megapixels), 15 MB JPEG image.
Version 3.01 has an issue where, under certain circumstances, the program opens minimized with no way to maximize it. The solution is to delete the "InitialPosition" entry in the following Windows Registry location:
The following script can be saved as a .reg file to fix the issue in Windows XP and later versions:
# List of Dolphins (NRL) players

This article lists all rugby league footballers who have played first-grade for the Dolphins in the Australian National Rugby League.