OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Hikmet Fidan

Hikmet Fidan (1955? – 6 July 2005), a Kurdish politician of Turkey.

## Political career
### Democratic People's Party

Fidan was the former deputy leader of the Democratic People's Party (HADEP) until it was banned by the Constitutional Court in 2003. He was also the founder of the party.

### Patriotic Democratic Party

Fidan had been working to form an alternative organization called the Patriotic Democratic Party (Kurdish: Partîya Welatparêzên Demokratên; PWD) with Osman Öcalan, brother of the jailed PKK leader Abdullah Öcalan. The PWD declared that, just before his death, Fidan had met with PWD groups in Northern Iraq in order to organize their activities in Turkey. Fidan was the coordinator of the PWD which was established by Osman Ocalan after he left the PKK.

## Assassination

He was assassinated on 6 July 2005 around noon in Diyarbakir's Baglar district by two armed murderers who shot him once in the back of the head with a silencer.
Hikmet Fidan's son, Zınnar Tarık Fidan, claimed the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) was responsible for the assassination of his father. According to a Milliyet daily report, Tarık Fidan said his father was against political interference coming from Abdullah Öcalan or the PKK groups in the north of Iraq, adding: “It's obvious who committed the murder. When one puts the pieces together, it points in one direction.” He said his father supported democratic efforts instead of armed confrontation, adding, “My father was a threat to them. He was dividing the organization. I was a witness to many threats made against him.”
# Vedat Aydın

Vedat Aydın (1953 – 7 July 1991) was a Kurdish politician in Turkey and human rights defender. He was married to Sükran Aydın.

## Early life and education

He was born in 1953 in the village of Kazancı in Bismil District of Diyarbakir Province. He graduated from the Literary department of the Vocational School in Diyarbakir in 1979. He became a founding member and delegate of the Diyarbakir branch of the Turkish Human Rights Association (IHD).

## Kurdish rights activist

At the annual meeting of the IHD in October 1990, he gave the first public speech in Kurdish language in Turkey, which was forbidden. The decision to make the speech in Kurdish was taken by the Kurdish delegates, but caught others by surprise. Many other non-Kurdish delegates left the congress in protest while Aydin kept on with his speech, which was translated by Ahmet Zeki Okçuoglu into Turkish. Aydin was detained and arrested in Ulucanlar prison, Ankara. After his release he was elected the head of the People's Labor Party (HEP) in Diyarbakir.

### Assassination

He was killed in July 1991. On 5 July, armed men identifying themselves as police officers showed up at his home and forced him into a car. On 7 July his body was found under a bridge just outside the boundaries of the province Diyarbakir, in the Maden district of the province of Elazıĝ. He was immediately buried at the Maden Municipality, but later an autopsy was done and after it was confirmed the body belonged to Aydın, he was reburied in Diyarbakir. His skull was fractured, his legs broken and about 15 bullets were shot in his body. 8 bullets were found in his body. No one was charged for the murder of Vedat Aydin. At his funeral in Diyarbakir on 10 July, the police fired live ammunition into a crowd of thousands of mourning people. The police claimed stones were thrown from within the crowd, eyewitnesses denied this, though. As a result, 7 to 13 people were killed and up to 100 people were injured. Protests against these events took place in the next days Diyarbakir, Nusaybin, Lice, Uludere and Bismil. Nobody was charged with the killing of the attendants of the funeral cortege. On 4 December 1993 a delegation of DEP parliamentarians came under an armed attack as they were on a mission in Batman trying to find out who killed Aydın. As a result, the MP for Mardin Mehmet Sincar and the local party leader of Batman were killed and MP for Batman Nizamettin Toğuç was injured together with three others. The investigation into the murder of Vedat Aydın went on, but in the year 2009, 18 years after his murder, a court in Malatya decided to close the investigation about the murder of Aydin and returned the file to Diyarbakir due to lack of jurisdiction.
# Mehmet Sincar

Mehmet Sincar (1953 in İkipınar, Mardin Province – 4 September 1993 in Batman) was a Kurdish politician from Turkey and a Democracy Party (DEP) member of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. He was assassinated in September 1993 together with the local chairman of the DEP in Batman. The Turkish Revenge Brigade took responsibility.

## Career

Sincar was first elected to the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in 1991, for the Social Democratic Populist Party (SHP). He joined the Democracy Party (DEP) in 1993.

## Death

Sincar was murdered in September 4, 1993, while leading a group in an investigation into political murders in Batman. In the same attack, the provincial HEP chairman of Batman Metin Özdemir was also killed while HEP MP Nizamettin Toguç was wounded. During the journey from Diyarbakir to Batman Sincar was protected by the police, but not at the time of his murder. He was buried in the cemetery of Kiziltepe. He was the first acting Member of Parliament who was killed.

## Recognition

In Siirt and Kiziltepe a park was named after him.

## Personal life

He was married to Cihan Sincar, who after his death turned politician and was elected Mayor of Kiziltepe.

## Books

* Aydın Bolkan (2005), Faili Meçhul Bir Milletvekili Cinayetinin Öyküsü: Mehmet Sincar, Istanbul: Aram Yayınları. ISBN 978-958-24-2115-1
# Frank Lynch (Gaelic footballer)

Frank Lynch (born 1938) is an Irish Gaelic games administrator, Gaelic football manager and former player. His league and championship career with the Louth senior team lasted fourteen seasons from 1956 until 1970.
Born in Haggardstown, County Louth, Lynch was educated at St. Mary's College in Dundalk. At school he was a promising exponent of rugby union and captained the team before being selected to play for Leinster at youths level. Lynch later joined the Geraldines club with whom he won a county junior championship medal in 1966.
After being excluded from the Louth minor because of his rugby exploits, Lynch subsequently joined the senior team and made his debut during the 1956–57 league. Over the following fourteen seasons Lynch had some success, culminating with the winning of a set of All-Ireland and Leinster medals in his debut season. He played his last game for Louth in June 1970.
As a member of the Leinster inter-provincial team on a number of occasions, Lynch won back-to-back Railway Cup medals in 1961 and 1962.
In retirement from playing, Lynch remained involved as an administrator and coach. He served as chairman of both the Louth County Board and the GAA's National Coaching Council. Lynch had two spells as manager of the Louth senior team, winning the O'Byrne Cup twice, an NFL Division 3 title and reaching the Leinster Championship semi-finals in 1991.

## Playing Honours
### Geraldines

* Louth Junior Football Championship (1): 1966
* Louth Junior A Football League (3): 1957, 1958, 1961

### Louth

* All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (1): 1957
* Leinster Senior Football Championship (1): 1957
* O'Byrne Cup (1): 1963
* Cú Chulainn Award (1): 1964

### Leinster

* Railway Cup (2): 1961, 1962

## Managerial Honours
### Louth

* National Football League Division 3 (1): 1987–88
* O'Byrne Cup (2): 1980, 1990
* Leinster Under-21 Football Championship (3): 1970, 1978, 1981
# Radnor Valley F.C.

Radnor Valley Football Club is a Welsh football team based in New Radnor, Presteigne. The team currently play in the Ardal NE League.

## History

The original version of the club was formed in 1921. The current incarnation of the club dates from 1984.

## Honours

* Central Wales Southern Division – Champions: 2022–23
* Mid Wales Football League League Cup – Winners: 2021–22
* Mid Wales South League - Champions: 2014–15
* Radnorshire Cup – Winners: 2017–18, 2022–23
* Radnorshire Cup – Finalists: 1964–65, 1971–72, 2018–19, 2021–22, 2023-24
* Mid Wales South League Cup – Winners: 1971–72
# Arye Kohavi

Arye Kohavi (born 24 June 1967) is an Israeli entrepreneur and innovator, the Chairman, CEO and co-founder of 2D Generation Ltd, and a director at Adisyn (traded at Australian Securities Exchange under the symbol AI1).
2D Generation develops graphene-based technologies for the semiconductor industry. Arye previously founded and was Co-CEO of Watergen, which develops water and air systems and dehumidification technologies.
Kohavi lives in Neve Monosson, Israel; is married with four children.

## Early life and education

Kohavi holds an MBA and a BA in economics and accounting from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, and served in the IDF as a combat reconnaissance company commander.

## Business career

Kohavi founded and was chairman of Composita, a novel E-learning software developer. He also served as an independent mergers and acquisitions manager, chairman and director in top-end Israeli companies, and as co-CEO at Meitav Corporate Finance, one of Israel's leading investment houses.
Kohavi, an Israeli Special Forces officer, began working on a drinking water solution in 2008 after observing the logistics challenges Israeli forces had during the Israeli-Lebanon conflict two years earlier. After several days, most of the convoys were shot up, so the soldier on the front line was out of water. The idea was to provide independence for the troops on the field with a 120-pound system on the vehicle that extracts water from ambient air and is capable of creating 12.6 U.S. gal (48 L) in 24 hours at 75 °F (24 °C) and 55 percent humidity.
In June 2009 Kohavi founded Water-Gen (Watergen) a company that designs solutions for supplying water. Water-Gen solutions for the defense sector include: atmospheric water generation (drinking water-from-air), treatment of air conditioning run-off water, and battery-operated mobile water purification units. The company has been selling its products to customers such as the US Army, UK Army, Israel Defense Forces, French Army, and civilian applications such as home-appliance water generator.

## Awards

* Arye Kohavi has been chosen as one of the world's 100 Leading Global Thinkers, and one of the world's top innovators of 2014 by Foreign Policy magazine.
* Water-Gen was chosen as one of the "Nine Greatest Israeli Inventions of All Times" by the Israeli Ministry of Economy, and Ynet readers.
* Water-Gen's Genny was chosen as one of the world's 100 Best Inventions of year 2019, by Time magazine.
* Arye Kohavi was listed as one of the "Top 100 People Positively Influencing Jewish Life, 2018", by the Algemeiner Journal.
# Annie Williams (soccer)

Antoinette Jewel "Annie" Williams (born August 4, 1997) is an American women's soccer player.
# Fort Vinton

Fort Vinton, also known as "Post #2", was a small U.S. Army outpost that existed from 1839 to 1858. Location of the fort is approximately a mile south of highway 60 near 122nd Avenue.

## History

The fort was constructed during the Second Seminole War in support of Colonel Zachary Taylor's expedition that culminated in the Battle of Okeechobee in 1837. The Battle of Loxahatchee was fought soon afterwards as the primary engagements on the east coast of Florida during that period. The post was abandoned after the war and was reopened during the Third Seminole War.
For most of its existence Fort Vinton was simply known as "Post #2" but was renamed in honor of Captain John Rogers Vinton (1801–1847), who had served in the area during the Second Seminole War and had died in the Mexican-American War.
Fort Vinton, was an outpost of Fort Capron at Indian River Inlet.
# Elyakum Ostashinski

Elyakum Ostashinski or Elyakum Austshinsky (Hebrew: אליקום אוסטשינסקי), born 1909, died 1983, was the first mayor of Rishon LeZion, and later CEO of the Vineyard Association.

## Education

Ostashinski was born in Petah Tikva. His parents were pioneers of the First Aliyah. He graduated from Herzliya Gymnasium in Tel Aviv. He studied agriculture at University of Toulouse in France. After graduation, he went to Algeria, and focused on growing citrus and cotton.
In 1930, Ostashinski returned to Mandatory Palestine and worked as a winemaker in a winery in Rishon LeZion. A year later, he went to Italy, where he received a doctorate degree in agronomy.

## Career

After returning to Rishon LeZion, Ostashinski became director of the agricultural department of the Farmers Association, and director of the department of rehabilitation grower Citrus Marketing Board. He also served as chairman of the Rishon Lezion branch of the Association of colonies, branch chairman of the Association of Rishon Lezion, member of the Maccabi Eretz Israel, and was a member of an organization headquarters defense.
In 1946, Ostashinski was elected mayor of "local" Rishon Lezion. He served until 1951, and in his last year in office, Rishon Lezion was declared a city. Starting in 1953, he directed the Vineyard Association, the controlling shareholder in Carmel Winery, and held this position for about thirty years.
# George M. Fletcher

George Marion Fletcher (February 5, 1850 – October 22, 1915) was an American farmer, contractor, and politician from New York.

## Life

Fletcher was born on February 5, 1850 in Nashville, Tennessee. He attended public school there.
When Fletcher was a young man, he moved to West Neck, New York and lived on the Van Wyck farm, which was owned by his relative Samuel Van Wyck. He initially worked as a farmer in Huntington, although later he became an active member of Fletcher, Wesenberg & Co., a contracting firm for public works that had offices in Nashville. In 1881, he was elected to the New York State Assembly as a Republican, representing Suffolk County. He was elected over Democratic candidate Brinley D. Sleight. He served in the Assembly in 1882.
In 1894, Fletcher married Emma Tibbets Smith. They lived in Centre Island following their marriage They had one son, George M. Jr.
Fletcher died at his home in Centre Island from heart failure on October 22, 1915. The funeral was conducted at his home, with Rev. G. E. Talmage of Christ Church in Oyster Bay conducting the service. He was buried in the Smith family burial ground on Centre Island.
# Charles-Alexandre de Hénin-Liétard d'Alsace

Charles Alexandre Marc Marcelin de Hénin-Liétard d'Alsace (1744–1794), prince of Henin and count of Beaumont, was a prince of the Holy Roman Empire who took French nationality. During the French Revolution he was executed by guillotine on charges of counter-revolutionary conspiracy.

## Family

Hénin was born in Brussels on the 17 June 1744, son of Alexandre Gabriel Joseph de Hénin-Liétard, Marquess of La Verre, and was baptised in the Church of St. James on Coudenberg. The Archbishop of Mechelen, Cardinal d'Alsace, was his uncle.
On 29 September 1766 he married in France to Adélaïde Félicité Étiennette de Monconseil, daughter of Étienne Guinot, marquis de Monconseil (1750–1823). Adelaïde became a lady of Queen Marie Antoinette's household. She was presented to the queen in Versailles after her marriage by her sister in law, the Princesse de Chimay.

## Court life

Hénin became captain of a company of the Garde du Corps attached to the Count of Artois (the future Charles X of France).
His relationship with the opera singer Sophie Arnould, while his wife was engaged in an affair with the chevalier de Coigny, caused a stir in French high society. Wits at court nicknamed Hénin le prince des nains (prince of dwarfs), in reference to his intellectual stature.

## Death

During the Revolution he was incarcerated in the former Luxembourg Palace, then in use as a prison. On 7 July 1794, in the final days of the Reign of Terror, he was one of 59 suspects summarily tried by the Revolutionary Tribunal and executed as counter-revolutionary conspirators. The dowager princess survived the Revolution, dying without heirs in 1823.

## Succession

As Hénin had been born a subject of the Austrian Habsburgs, and died leaving a will whose sole beneficiary had predeceased him, the settlement of his estate – which could not take place until after 1814 – became a test case of French succession law.
# Pishkinid dynasty

The Pishteginids (Bishkinids, Pishkinids) were a dynasty of maliks in Iran which ruled, from 1155 to 1231, Ahar and its adjacent district as vassals to the Shaddadids of Arran. The family descended from a Georgian nobleman captured by the Seljuqid sultan Alp Arslan during his 1068 expedition against Georgia and brought as a prisoner to Iran. The dynasty fell to the Khwarezmian conquests between 1225 and 1231. The last two dynasts of the family issued their own coins, placing their names next to those of the Caliph and Eldiguzid atabeg. The name of Meshkinshahr, a town east of Ahar, seems to have been derived from the Pishkinid dynasty.
# Eliza Rose

Eliza Rose (born 28 November 1991) is a British DJ, music producer and singer.
Born in the East End of London, Rose grew up in Dalston and began working at the Flashback Records shop when she was 14 years old. A fan of soul and jazz music, she sang from her youth, and began DJing in her late teens, once she had enough money to buy records, seeing it as a way to acquire more music. She attended college and university, and also took courses in music production. She presents a radio show for The Vinyl Factory, and recorded collaborations with a variety of other artists.
Interplanetary Criminal, a DJ and producer, sent Rose the song "B.O.T.A. (Baddest of Them All)", and she wrote lyrics for it, inspired by Pam Grier in the film Coffy. The song proved a surprise success, played heavily on the London club scene and then at the Glastonbury Festival 2022. It entered the UK charts on 29 July 2022, and in September reached number one. She became the first female DJ to top the UK Singles Chart since Sonique in 2000. In December 2022, it was certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI).
Rose has also written a novel, What Happens in Dreamland.

## Discography
### Extended plays

| Title | Details |
| Flame | Released: 26 August 2021 Label: Shake Records Formats: Digital download, streaming |
| Shades of Red | Released: 25 March 2022 Label: Lobster Theremin Formats: Digital download, streaming |

### Singles

| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Certifications | Album |
| Title | Year | UK | AUS | AUT | CAN | GER | IRE | NL | NZ | SWE | SWI | Certifications | Album |
| "Delectable" (with M4A4) | 2022 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | | Shades of Red |
| "Move to The" | 2022 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | | Non-album singles |
| "B.O.T.A. (Baddest of Them All)" (with Interplanetary Criminal) | 2022 | 1 | 4 | 68 | 71 | 36 | 1 | 16 | 7 | 75 | 45 | BPI: 2× Platinum ARIA: Platinum MC: Gold NVPI: Gold RMNZ: 2× Platinum | Non-album singles |
| "Better Love" | 2023 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | | Non-album singles |
| "Pleasure Peak" (with The Martinez Brothers) | 2023 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | | Non-album singles |
| "Take You There" | 2023 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | | Non-album singles |
| "Body Moving" (with Calvin Harris) | 2023 | 34 | — | — | — | — | 58 | — | — | — | — | BPI: Silver | 96 Months |
| "Business as Usual" (with MJ Cole) | 2024 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | | Non-album single |
| "Slay the Beast" (with Or:la) | 2024 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | | Trusting Theta |
| "DR Pleasure" (with Sally C) | 2024 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | | DR Pleasure |
| "I Heart You" (with Confidence Man) | 2025 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | | 4AM (La La La) |
| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released. ||||||||||||||
# TR

TR or tr may stand for

## Arts and entertainment
### Gaming

* Tomb Raider, a video game franchise
* Terminal Reality, an American video game developer
* A currency in online game TalesRunner
* Terran Republic (PlanetSide), a faction in the video game series PlanetSide

### Music

* Korg TR, a variant of the Korg Triton music workstation synthesizer
* Trill, notation for musical ornament
* TR-808, TR-909 etc., 1980s Roland drum machines

## Businesses and organizations

* Scoot, IATA code since 2017
* Tiger Airways, IATA code between 2003 and 2017
* Tomahawk Railway, reporting mark
* Transbrasil, IATA airline code until 2001
* Team Rubicon, commonly used abbreviation
* Talyllyn Railway, a Welsh railway
* Thomson Reuters, a Canadian multinational media conglomerate
* Texas Roadhouse, restaurant chain in the United States
* Tokyu Railways. See Tokyu Corporation.

## Language

* Tr, a digraph
* Turkish language (ISO 639 alpha-1 code "tr")

## People

* Theodore Roosevelt, the 26th president of the United States
** Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt, 1901-1909
** The USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71), a Nimitz-class aircraft carrier
* T. Rajendar, Indian filmmaker and politician
* T. Ramachandran (writer) (1944–2000), Indian writer who wrote under these initials

## Places

* TR postcode area, UK postal code for the Truro area
* Travelers Rest, South Carolina
* ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code of Turkey
* Vehicle registration code of Tripura, a state of India

## Transportation

* Taiwan Railway, a state-owned conventional railway in Taiwan

## Science, technology, and mathematics
### Biology and medicine

* Thyroid hormone receptor, a nuclear receptor
* Tricuspid regurgitation, within the heart
* Repetition time, magnetic resonance imaging
* Taxonomic rank

### Computing

* .tr, the country code top level domain (ccTLD) for Turkey
* tr (Unix), command to transliterate characters
* Table row, an HTML element <tr>...</tr>

### Vehicles

* Thai Rung Union Car
* Toronto Rocket, a rolling stock of the Toronto subway
* Triumph Motor Company. a sports car designation, e.g. TR2
* Ferrari TR (set index), several cars
* Berliet TR, a range of heavy-duty trucks

### Other uses in science, technology, finance, and mathematics

* TR-1, a version of the Lockheed U-2 aircraft
* Technical Report, a type of ISO document
* Trace (linear algebra)
* Ton of refrigeration
* Total return

## Other uses

* Textus Receptus: Printed Greek New Testament translation sources
* Training routines (Scientology)
* Tax return
* Tax refund
# Train Train

Train Train may refer to:
* Train+Train, a 2000 Japanese light novel series
* Train*Train, a manga by Eiki Eiki
* "Train, Train", a song by Blackfoot
* "Train, Train" (The Count Bishops song), 1976
* Train-Train (album), an album by The Blue Hearts
* "Train-Train", a song by The Blue Hearts