OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Time constraint

In law, time constraints are placed on certain actions and filings in the interest of speedy justice, and additionally to prevent the evasion of the ends of justice by waiting until a matter is moot. The penalty for violating a legislative or court-imposed time constraint may be anything from a small fine to judicial determination of an entire case against one's interests.
For example, if a complaining party files an action and then fails to cause the papers pertaining thereto to be served on the opposing party within the time established by local rules, and is unable to convince the court that there was good and sufficient reason for the delay, he risks having his action dismissed with prejudice. If the opposing party is served with the papers and fails to respond within the time limit provided for his answer, he risks having the case decided against him by default.
If one is aggrieved by the judicial outcome of an action and wishes to appeal, he may be forever barred from doing so if he fails to meet the deadline by which his appeal may be filed.
By court order, or by local rule, there may be other time constraints. One may be required to answer interrogatories or a request to produce or other discovery pleadings within a given time. He may be required to give a certain number of days' advance notice before he intends to depose a party or witness. A court may order that there will be only a certain number of weeks or months allowed during which the parties to an action may conduct discovery. There may be a limitation placed upon a deposition, requiring that the party taking it conclude his questioning within a certain number of hours or days.
# William St Loe

Sir William St Loe (1518–1565) was a 16th-century English soldier, politician and courtier. He was the third husband of Bess of Hardwick, his second wife. His official positions included Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard, Chief Butler of England and Member of Parliament for Derbyshire.

## Lineage

He was the eldest son of Sir John St Loe, Sheriff of Gloucestershire, MP for Somerset and Gloucestershire, of an Anglo-Norman warrior family first mentioned at the court of Henry I in 1100, and his wife, Dame Margaret. Their seat was a manor house, Sutton Court, Chew Magna, Somerset, built upon the foundations of a 13th-century castle. Several generations of St Loes kept at the ready a force of a hundred mounted soldiers for the king's service and were repeatedly chosen as "Attendant Knights" at royal funerals.

## Biography

Sir William's tutor was the distinguished scholar and grammarian John Palsgrave, who had a high opinion of him. Hardened by service with his father in Ireland, he received a courtly polish as a gentleman usher in the grand household of Henry Courtenay, Marquess of Exeter.
His first wife was Jane, daughter of Sir Edward Bayntun of Bromham, Wiltshire, with whom according to the Baynton entry in the 1565 Visitation records for Wiltshire, he had two daughters. Jane died in 1548. There is no entry for the St Lowe's in the 1565 visitation record. No daughters are mentioned in his will and the 1623 entry for the St Lowe family states that William died without issue. He was knighted for his services in Ireland, in Dublin, January 1549. On his final return from Ireland he was appointed to head the security detail for the princess Elizabeth. The St Loe family, staunch Protestants, had been implicated in the movement to place Lady Jane Grey on the throne and in Wyatt's rebellion, for which he was held and examined in the Tower of London. Unlike others, he did not give anything away that might implicate Elizabeth. Immediately after her succession, she made him Captain of her Personal Guard.

## Second Marriage

In January 1559, he married Bess of Hardwick. Their marriage was happy, but William's younger brother Edward, fearing that a son of their marriage would rob him of his inheritance, became their enemy. in 1560, Bess was poisoned, but recovered. Both William and his mother suspected Edward. In 1564, he was made Commissioner for the Peace in Gloucestershire and Derbyshire. William died suddenly in the winter of 1565, in the company of his brother Edward, who had been visiting him. He was buried at the Church of Great St Helen's at Bishopsgate
# Clube Tenis Porto Challenger

The Clube Tenis Porto Challenger, also known as the CT Porto Cup, is a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It was first held in Porto, Portugal in 2024.

## Past finals
### Singles

| Year | Champion | Runner-up | Score |
| 2024 | Adrian Andreev | Carlos Taberner | 6–3, 6–0 |

### Doubles

| Year | Champions | Runners-up | Score |
| 2024 | Daniel Cukierman Piotr Matuszewski | Romain Arneodo Théo Arribagé | 6–4, 6–0 |
# Museum of the Republic of North Macedonia

The Museum of the Republic of North Macedonia (Macedonian: Музеј на Република Северна Македонија, romanized: Muzej na Republika Severna Makedonija), formerly and still unofficially known as the Museum of Macedonia (Macedonian: Музеј на Македонија, romanized: Muzej na Makedonija), is a national institution in Macedonia and one of the oldest museums in the country. It is located in the Old Bazaar in Skopje, near the Skopje Fortress. The Museum of the Republic of Macedonia was created by joining three museums in one. The three museums that were unified were the archaeological, historical and ethnological museum, of which the archaeological museum was the oldest one; it was opened in 1924 and that date is considered as an establishing date of the national museum. During the existence of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia, the museum was known as People's Museum of Macedonia.
The museum has got total area of 10.000 m², of which 6000 m² are meant for permanent or temporal exhibitions. The institution is of complex character, which means it gathers, keeps, conserves and presents the national Macedonian historical and cultural heritage. Within the museum is the Kuršumli An, a historical monument that was built in the 16th century. Besides that, the museum takes care about the collections of the following institutions as well:
* the collections in the Palace of culture "Dragi Tozija" in Resen,
* the collections in the library "Iskra" in Kočani,
* the collections in the Palace of culture "25 May" in Valandovo, and
* the collections in the memorial houses in the villages Bituše, Galičnik and Gorno Vranovci.

## Sections

The Museum of the Republic of North Macedonia is divided into the following departments or sections:
* Department of Anthropology
* Department of Archaeology
* Department of Ethnology
* Department of History
* A view from the traditional costumes exhibitDepartment of History of Arts
* Department for conservation
# United Mine Workers of America v. Bagwell

United Mine Workers of America v. Bagwell, 512 U.S. 821 (1994), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court held that a fine for contempt that could not be purged by compliance with the order of the court was a criminal contempt, and it could not be assessed without a jury trial.

## Facts

A trial court enjoined striking unions in Virginia from undertaking certain unlawful activities (throwing things, threatening, obstructing, and picketing without supervision); when union members repeatedly violated the injunction, the trial court established a schedule of $100,000 fine for future violent breaches, $20,000 fine for future non-violent breaches; after more violations of the injunction, the trial court ended up assessing $64 million, including $12 million to the plaintiff in the civil case and $52 million to the county and the commonwealth of Virginia. The parties settled, but the trial court refused to vacate the fines to be paid to the county and commonwealth. The Virginia appellate court reversed the trial court, but the Virginia Supreme Court reversed the appellate court. Appeal was then taken to the U.S. Supreme Court.

## Issue

Were these fines civil, or were they criminal (in which case due process and jury would be required)?

## Opinion of the Court

The Court, in an opinion by Justice Blackmun, held that a contempt sanction is civil if it is remedial and for the benefit of the complainant—if it either coerces the defendant into compliance with the court’s order or compensates the complainant for losses sustained. But where a fine is not compensatory, it is civil only if the contemnor is afforded an opportunity to "purge" (avoid or reduce fine through compliance); otherwise, it is criminal contempt.
Therefore, there could be no compensation to the plaintiff as there was no opportunity for the defendant to purge the contempt. Therefore, these were criminal fines, which required appropriate due process—a trial by jury—which had not been afforded.
Justice Scalia wrote a concurring opinion, expressing concern about the judge also acting as rulemaker and enforcer. Justice Ginsburg also wrote a concurring opinion, joined by Chief Justice Rehnquist, further elucidating the distinction between civil and criminal fines.
# The Blue Danube (1932 film)

The Blue Danube is a 1932 British romance film directed by Herbert Wilcox and starring Brigitte Helm, Joseph Schildkraut and Desmond Jeans. Its plot, based on a short story by Doris Zinkeisen, concerns a Hungarian gypsy who leaves his girlfriend for a countess, but soon begins to suffer heartache. The Blue Danube was made in both English and German-language versions.

## Plot

In a Hungarian gypsy encampment, carefree Sandor ives with his beautiful sweetheart Yutka. Into their lives rides a blonde countess, with whom Sandor becomes infatuated.
Yutka soon flees from her faithless lover. Sandor roams the country, searching for his lost love, but finds her too late — she now wears furs and has her own aristocratic love—and Sandor returns heartbroken to his Romany encampment.

## Cast

* Chili Bouchier as Yutka
* Brigitte Helm as Countess Gabriella Kovacs
* Joseph Schildkraut as Sandor
* Desmond Jeans as Johann
* Alfred Rode and His Royal Tzigane Band as Gypsy Band
* Patrick Ludlow as Companion
* Léonide Massine as Dancer (credited as Masine and Nikitina)
* Nikitina as Dancer

## Production

Herbert Wilcox later wrote in his memoirs that he made the film because he was frustrated from making a series of photographed stage plays. He wanted to make a "talking that did not talk - and without subtitles. Music, of course, was to be a dominant substitute for words or text". He decided to make a film with minimal dialogue.

## Critical reception

Wilcox claims the reviews he received were among the worst of his career. However he said the film recovered its cost from screening in Australia alone.
In contemporary reviews, Frank Nugent in The New York Times wrote, "The chief merit of "Blue Danube," a British film now showing at the Fifty-fifth Street Playhouse, is its presentation of Alfred Rode and his Royal Tzigany Band, a group of eighteen Hungarian gypsy musicians. They play the famous Strauss waltz, some melodies by Liszt and a guitar song of Mr. Rode's composition. Not being a music critic, nor possessing one's technical vocabulary, this corner must be content to report that the selections are played in a manner that sets one's blood to pounding. But Mr. Rode and his band are not all the story of 'Blue Danube.' To be exact, they are little of it, and the rest is a sorry tale of poor editing, incoherence and an overwrought performance by Joseph Schildkraut." The critic concluded that "there is nothing in the film's acting, direction or tempo to arouse enthusiasm."
The Monthly Film Bulletin described the film as "very dated" and that it "must not be looked on as a typical example of Herbert Wilcox's production". The review concluded that neither the sound or photography were "up to modern standards".
More recently, TV Guide called it a "plodding Gypsy musical."
# Khalzan, Sükhbaatar

Khalzan (Mongolian: Халзан) is a sum (district) of Sükhbaatar Province in eastern Mongolia. In 2020, its population was 1,751.

## Administrative divisions

The district is divided into four bags, which are:
* Khalzan Shand
* Khatavch
* Sainshand
* Sakhiul Shand
# Abante RadyoTV

Abante RadyoTV (formerly Abante TeleTabloid) is a Philippine pay television news channel owned by the Prage Management Corporation. The channel's programming is mainly composed of a "teleradyo" video simulcast from its sister station Abante Radyo and its own original shows.

## History

On October 10, 2022, Abante launched an online morning newscast called Abante Teletabloid, and public service show, I-Abante Mo!, both shown on the tabloid's social media accounts.
On October 2024, Abante began its test broadcast of its own channel on Sky Cable, adopting the "TeleTabloid" brand named after its flagship digital newscast.

## Programming
### Original produced

* Marisol Academy
* Sports Now
* Teletabloid

### Abante Radyo

* Abante Pilipinas
* Abante Radyo Balita
** Abante Radyo Balita Ngayon (hourly news update)
* Kasangga Mo ang Langit

### Other shows

* Agenda (hookup from Bilyonaryo News Channel)
# Agrypon

Agrypon is a genus of parasitoid wasps belonging to the family Ichneumonidae.
The genus was described in 1860 by Arnold Förster.
The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.
Species:
* Agrypon anxium (Wesmael, 1849)
* Agrypon batis (Ratzeburg, 1855)
* Agrypon clandestinum (Gravenhorst, 1829)
* Agrypon flaveolatum (Gravenhorst, 1807)
* Agrypon flexorium (Thunberg, 1822)
* Agrypon gracilipes (Curtis, 1839)
* Agrypon interstitiale Schnee, 1989
* Agrypon scutellatum (Hellén, 1926)
* Agrypon varitarsum
# John Rivers

Sir John Rivers (died 27 February 1584) was a Tudor-era businessman who became Lord Mayor of London.
He was born to Richard Rivers, steward of Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham's lands. Alternate spelling includes John Ryvers.
He was a grocer and member of the Worshipful Company of Grocers, Sheriff of London in 1566, and Lord Mayor of London in 1573. He was knighted in 1574 and served as President of St. Thomas' Hospital between 1580 and 1584. He also served as an Alderman for the London wards of Farringdon between 1565 and 1568, Broad Street between 1568 and 1574, and Walbrook between 1574 and 1584.
He married Elizabeth Barne, daughter of Sir George Barne (died 1558), and they had Sir George Rivers, who was a Member of Parliament. Rivers was lay rector at St. Mary's Church, Hadlow, Kent. His grandson, also John Rivers was made a baronet on 19 July 1621. This title survived until the death of Sir Henry Chandos Rivers, 11th Baronet in 1870.
# Australia national roller hockey team

The Australia national roller hockey team is the national team side of Australia at international roller hockey.
The team usually is part of FIRS Roller Hockey B World Cup.
In 2018, the team won their first Asian Cup ever.
# Berlin Irish RFC

Berlin Irish RFC is a German rugby union club from Berlin, currently playing in the Rugby-Regionalliga, the German Women's Sevens Series and the Berlin-Brandenburg Sevens Series.
The club was formed in 2016, having both women's and men's teams since the beginning.
Since 2018 the Berlin Irish host an annual Beach Rugby tournament with a men's/mixed and women's competition at BeachMitte with teams visiting from all over Germany, Austria and the United Kingdom. After two events there was a two-year break due to the Covid-19 pandemic but the tournament resumed in 2022.
# Claus Schönig

Claus Schönig (October 23, 1955 – June 23, 2019) was a German Turkologist. His interests included the historical linguistics of the Turkic languages, Altaistics, and Turko-Mongolic relations.

## Career

Schönig was born in the Weisenau district of Mainz in 1955. He studied under Johannes Benzing from 1974 to 1981 at the University of Mainz, where he studied Turkology, Islamic Studies, and Islamic philology. Other faculty who influenced his work at the time were Lars Johanson, Hans-Jürgen Kornrumpf and Ahmed Temir. His 1984 dissertation focused on auxiliary verbs in Tatar. In 1995 he obtained a German Habilitation at the Free University of Berlin with a dissertation on finite predications and text structure in the Baburnama.
Schönig held academic positions at a variety of institutions, including the University of Mainz, Goethe University Frankfurt, the University of Duisburg-Essen, and the University of Giessen. From 1993 to 1996 and from 2001 to 2007 he served as the director of the Orient-Institut Istanbul. From 2007 until 2019, he held the appointed position of Turkology at the Free University of Berlin as the successor of Barbara Kellner-Heinkele. During this time he served as the director of the university's Institute for Turkology.

## Awards and honors

* 2006. Member, Academia Europaea
* 2009. Member, Göttingen Academy of Sciences
# Jim Crow (typeface)

Jim Crow is the American Type Founders' 1933 and 1949 re-casting of the Dickinson Type Foundry's type of the 1850s, Gothic Shade. Dickenson, a Boston type foundry, had been incorporated into ATF in the original merger of 1892. The face was also known as Tombstone. ATF only cast the face in 24 point, but later versions by the Los Angeles Type Foundry were cast from 18 to 30 point. It was often used to indicate political motifs. While cold type versions were popular right through the 1970s, no major foundry has issued a digital version, and it is seldom used today. Foundry Harold's Fonts has released a digitised version named Jim Dandy.
# Dylan Manickum

Dylan Ross Manickum (born 16 June 1992) is a New Zealand footballer and futsal player who plays for Auckland City and the New Zealand men's national futsal team. He captains the Auckland City and New Zealand futsal teams.

## Personal life

Outside of football, Manickum works as a site engineer.

## Club career
### Youth career

Manickum played for Ellerslie Reserves from 2009 to 2011 before making his first team debut on 2 April 2011 against Lynn-Avon United. He made scored 8 goals in his 50 appearances for the first team.

### Waitakere United

Manickum spent four years at Waitakere United from 2014 to 2018.

### Waitakere City

During his time at Waitakere City in the winter seasons, Manickum scored 38 goals in 60 appearances.

### Auckland City

On 27 September 2018, Manickum signed for Auckland City from cross-town rivals Waitakere United. Manickum made his 100th appearance for the Navy Blues in the 2022 New Zealand National League grand final.

## International career

Manickum made his debut for the New Zealand national futsal team in 2010. On 2 October 2023, in the 2023 OFC Futsal Nations Cup game against Fiji, Manickum became the record appearance holder, passing then national team coach Marvin Eakins. Manickum captained New Zealand to their first ever FIFA Futsal World Cup after winning the 2023 OFC Futsal Nations Cup.

## Career statistics

| Club | Season | League | League | League | National Cup | National Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |

## Honours

Auckland City
* Northern League: 2021, 2022, 2023
* New Zealand Football Championship
** Champions: 2019–20
** Premiers: 2018–19, 2019–20, 2020–21
* New Zealand National League: 2022
* Charity Cup: 2018, 2019, 2020
* Chatham Cup: 2022
* OFC Champions League: 2022, 2023, 2024
Auckland City futsal
* New Zealand Futsal SuperLeague: 2020
New Zealand futsal
* OFC Futsal Nations Cup: 2023
Individual
* NZF Futsal Player of the Year: 2020, 2023
* OFC Futsal Nations Cup Golden Ball: 2023
* Jack Batty Memorial Cup: 2023
# Pelican Bay, Florida

Pelican Bay is a census-designated place (CDP) in Collier County, Florida, United States. The population was 6,660 at the 2020 census, up from 6,346 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Naples–Marco Island Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## Geography

Pelican Bay is located in northwestern Collier County at 26°13′59″N 81°48′32″W﻿ / ﻿26.23306°N 81.80889°W﻿ / 26.23306; -81.80889. It is part of the area known as North Naples and is located just south of Naples Park and west of Pine Ridge. It is bordered to the south by the city of Naples, to the east by U.S. Route 41 (the Tamiami Trail), to the north by Vanderbilt Beach Road, and to the west by the Gulf of Mexico.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 3.4 square miles (8.7 km$^2$), of which 2.9 square miles (7.6 km$^2$) is land and 0.39 square miles (1.0 km$^2$), or 11.87%, is water.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Pelican Bay racial composition (Hispanics excluded from racial categories) (NH = Non-Hispanic) :
| Race | Number | Percentage |
| White (NH) | 6,410 | 96.25% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 7 | 0.11% |
| Native American or Alaska Native (NH) | 3 | 0.05% |
| Asian (NH) | 61 | 0.92% |
| Some Other Race (NH) | 8 | 0.12% |
| Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH) | 71 | 1.07% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 100 | 1.5% |
| Total | 6,660 | |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 6,660 people, 3,483 households, and 2,165 families residing in the CDP.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 5,686 people, 3,005 households, and 2,166 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,754.0 inhabitants per square mile (677.2/km$^2$). There were 5,738 housing units at an average density of 1,770.0 per square mile (683.4/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 99.21% White, 0.09% African American, 0.04% Native American, 0.47% Asian, 0.07% from other races, and 0.12% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.91% of the population.
There were 3,005 households, out of which 3.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 70.0% were married couples living together, 1.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.9% were non-families. 25.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.84 and the average family size was 2.12.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 3.4% under the age of 18, 0.7% from 18 to 24, 4.2% from 25 to 44, 33.9% from 45 to 64, and 57.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 67 years. For every 100 females, there were 84.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.0 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $102,762, and the median income for a family was $127,920. Males had a median income of $100,000 versus $44,286 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $89,063. About 1.9% of families and 2.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 1.6% of those age 65 or over.