OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Friedrich Voss

Friedrich Voss (7 July 1872 — 3 March 1953) was a German civil engineer educated at Braunschweig University of Technology.

## Biography

Voss was born in Calvörde. As a civil engineer his career began at the municipal waterways management of Hamburg-Harburg. In 1903, Voss became technical assistant at the Ministry of Public Works; 1908 appointed as head of the newly created bridge construction office within the Imperial Office of the Canals, following the enlargements of the Kaiser Wilhelm Canal. Voss designed and engineered three viaducts over the Kiel Canal: The Holtenau (1912-1992), Rendsburg (1913) and Hochdonn (1919) high bridges. In 1923, Voss resigned for health reasons from the civil service and founded an engineering company in Kiel, together with two of his colleagues.
Besides the viaducts over the Kiel Canal, Voss designed numeral other bridges, for example the Rendsburg Swing Bridge over the Kiel Canal that was closed 1961, a road bridge over the Eider at Friedrichstadt as well as a bascule bridge over the Eider at Lexfähre, a bascule bridge in Duisburg, a combined road and railroad bridge over the Rethe in Hamburg and a bridge over the Rhine in Krefeld-Uerdingen.
In 1922 Friedrich Voss was awarded an honorary degree at the Braunschweig University of Technology. He died at Kiel on 3 March 1953. A day after his death, he was awarded the Federal Cross of Merit. Voss is buried at the Park Cemetery Eichhof in Kronshagen.
# Joseph H. Bradford

Joseph H. Bradford (born c. 1854) was a teacher, lawyer, and state legislator in Arkansas. He served in the Arkansas House of Representatives in 1885. He was a Republican. His photograph is among those of his fellow 1885 Arkansas House members. He represented Mississippi County.
He was born in Tennessee. According to the House photograph's captioning, he was a lawyer, 29, Republican, born in Tennessee and had lived in Arkansas for 17 years, and his post office was in Osceola, Arkansas.
# Bing–Borsuk conjecture

In mathematics, the Bing–Borsuk conjecture states that every $n$-dimensional homogeneous absolute neighborhood retract space is a topological manifold. The conjecture has been proved for dimensions 1 and 2, and it is known that the 3-dimensional version of the conjecture implies the Poincaré conjecture.

## Definitions

A topological space is homogeneous if, for any two points $m_{1},m_{2}\in M$, there is a homeomorphism of $M$ which takes $m_{1}$ to $m_{2}$.
A metric space $M$ is an absolute neighborhood retract (ANR) if, for every closed embedding $f:M\rightarrow N$ (where $N$ is a metric space), there exists an open neighbourhood $U$ of the image $f(M)$ which retracts to $f(M)$.
There is an alternate statement of the Bing–Borsuk conjecture: suppose $M$ is embedded in $\mathbb {R} ^{m+n}$ for some $m\geq 3$ and this embedding can be extended to an embedding of $M\times (-\varepsilon ,\varepsilon )$. If $M$ has a mapping cylinder neighbourhood $N=C_{\varphi }$ of some map $\varphi :\partial N\rightarrow M$ with mapping cylinder projection $\pi :N\rightarrow M$, then $\pi$ is an approximate fibration.

## History

The conjecture was first made in a paper by R. H. Bing and Karol Borsuk in 1965, who proved it for $n=1$ and 2.
Włodzimierz Jakobsche showed in 1978 that, if the Bing–Borsuk conjecture is true in dimension 3, then the Poincaré conjecture must also be true.
The Busemann conjecture states that every Busemann $G$-space is a topological manifold. It is a special case of the Bing–Borsuk conjecture. The Busemann conjecture is known to be true for dimensions 1 to 4.
# John Fowke (cricketer)

John Nicholls Fowke (23 October 1859 – 25 April 1938) was a New Zealand cricketer, born in Wales. He played first-class cricket for Auckland and Canterbury between 1881 and 1907.
A wicket-keeper, in 1893-94 Fowke played for New Zealand against New South Wales in New Zealand's first international first-class match. He was notable among wicket-keepers for always standing up to the stumps. He was also a useful lower-order batsman, noted for his strong defence in adversity. He was 47 years old when he played his last first-class match, in which Canterbury defeated the touring Marylebone Cricket Club on New Year's Day 1907. He played club cricket in Christchurch into his fifties.
Fowke continued to work for cricket in Canterbury after his playing days were over. In 1910–11, when Canterbury were struggling to find funds to send their team to Auckland to contest the Plunket Shield, he began a public appeal, which raised the required money. Canterbury won the match, taking the Shield from Auckland for the first time since 1907.
A bootmaker by trade, Fowke also worked as a tally clerk at the Lyttelton wharf. He married Emma Elizabeth Wagstaff in Christchurch in December 1883.
In January and February 1920, Fowke contributed an 11-part series of cricketing reminiscences to the Christchurch Star, under the title "Reminiscences of the Sporting World: 'Johnny' Fowke Talks of Cricket".
# All In (2025)

The 2025 All In, also promoted as All In: Texas, is an upcoming professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by the American promotion All Elite Wrestling (AEW). It will be the third annual All In by AEW, and fourth All In overall. The event will take place on Saturday, July 12, 2025, at Globe Life Field in Arlington, Texas, marking AEW's first PPV event to be held in an American baseball stadium and in Texas as well as the first All In to be streamed on Amazon Prime Video. This will also be the first professional wrestling event held at Globe Life Field.

## Production
### Background

All In was first held as an independent professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event in September 2018, and was produced by members of The Elite in association with Ring of Honor (ROH), which retained the rights to All In. The event inspired the formation of the American promotion All Elite Wrestling (AEW) in January 2019, and after AEW president Tony Khan purchased ROH in March 2022, AEW revived All In as their first-ever PPV event held in the United Kingdom, with both the 2023 and 2024 events taking place during the United Kingdom's August Bank Holiday weekend at Wembley Stadium in London, England. All In would become AEW's biggest annual event, subsequently regarded as one of the "big five", along with Double or Nothing, All Out, Full Gear, and Revolution, the company's five biggest annual events.
On August 15, 2024, the third All In by AEW, and fourth overall, was announced to be held at Globe Life Field in Arlington, Texas on Saturday, July 12, 2025, marking AEW's first PPV event held in an American baseball stadium and in Texas. All In: Texas will also be AEW's first PPV event held in July. It will subsequently be the first professional wrestling event held at Globe Life Field.
Tickets for All In: Texas went on sale on December 9, 2024. Additionally, AEW hosted a free kickoff party at the Texas Live! sports bar adjacent to Globe Life Field on November 20, which included a meet-and-greet with wrestlers from AEW and ROH, as well as early access to purchase tickets for All In: Texas.

### Broadcast outlets

In addition to airing on traditional pay-per-view, All In: Texas will also be streaming on multiple platforms such as DAZN. On March 5, 2025, AEW announced that entered a deal with Amazon that it will stream all pay-per-view events on the Prime Video platform. All In: Texas will be the first All In event to be streamed on that platform.

### Storylines

All In: Texas will feature professional wrestling matches that are the result of pre-existing feuds and storylines, with results being predetermined by AEW's writers. Storylines are produced on AEW's weekly television programs, Dynamite, Collision, and the YouTube series Being The Dark Order.
# Blat, Byblos

Blat (Arabic: بلاط) is a municipality in the Byblos District of Keserwan-Jbeil Governorate, Lebanon. It is a suburb of Byblos and is 40 kilometers north of Beirut. Blat has an average elevation of 190 meters above sea level and a total land area of 683 hectares. Its inhabitants are predominantly Maronite Catholics. As of 2008, there were three private schools in the village enrolling 2,560 students, in addition to a campus of the Lebanese American University. There were 28 companies with more than five employees operating in Blat.
# Grunwald Square, Warsaw

Grunwald Square (Polish: Plac Grunwaldzki) is an urban square in Warsaw, Poland. It is located in the district of Żoliborz, at the crossing of Broniewskiego Street, Jana Pawła II Avenue, Popiełuszki Street, Wojska Polskiego Avenue, and Matysiakówny Street.

## Name

The square was named in 1926 after the village of Grunwald in Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship, Poland, which on 15 July 1410, was the site of the Battle of Grunwald, that ended in a decisive Polish–Lithuanian victory.

## History

Grunwald Square was designed between 1920 and 1922, as part of the planning road system near Warsaw Citadel. Its authors were Antoni Jawornicki and Józef Jankowski. It was originally envisioned as a half-circle with the five-way crossing of newly planned streets, then named Marynarki, Lotnictwa, Kawalerii, and Artylerii. The square and nearby roads began construction in the 1930s, however, the works on the project were halted before its full completion.

## Characteristics

Grunwald Square is located at the crossing of Broniewskiego Street, Jana Pawła II Avenue, Popiełuszki Street, Wojska Polskiego Avenue, and Matysiakówny Street.
At the square, there is the Monument to the Military Endeavour of Polish Americans made by Baltazar Brukalski and Andrzej Pityński, unveiled on 14 August 1998. It was proposed by the Polish Army Veterans' Association in America, and made by Baltazar Brukalski and Andrzej Pityński. It is dedicated to the Polish American and Polish Canadian soldiers who served in the Blue Army during the First World War, the Polish–Ukrainian War, and the Polish–Soviet War.
# Çelo Picari

Xhelil Bega or Çelo Picari (1801–1880) was an Albanian revolutionary leader of the Albanian Revolt of 1847.

## Life

Born Xhelil Bega in 1801 in the old Picar, a settlement that is no longer inhabited and in ruins, but close to today's Picar, in southern Albania, he later preferred to be called Çelo Picari. In his youth he was a shepherd and at that time he was recruited by Ali Pasha in Ioannina. In 1821 he commanded the troops of the Pashalik of Yannina that were defending Tepelenë against the Ottoman army and Souliotes. After Ali Pasha's defeat he was interned in Preveza.
He later participated in several uprisings with Zylyftar Poda but avoided getting killed in the Massacre of the Albanian beys by not responding to an invitation. As an act of revenge along with other groups under Kapllan Kuca he burnt part of center of Ioannina, where the Ottoman garrison lived. As a result of his participation in the Albanian Revolts of 1833–1839 he was imprisoned in Konya until 1844.
Picari participated in the Albanian Revolt of 1847 along with Tafil Buzi and Zenel Gjoleka and his name is among the names of the Albanians who asked Otto of Greece for help in their uprising against the Ottoman Empire. When Picari was captured he was again interned in Konya until 1852. Picari died in Athens, Greece in 1880. Picari was close friends with Ismail Vlora, the grandfather of Ismail Qemali, the founder of modern Albania.

## Folklore

Çelo Picari is a frequent subject of southern Albanian folk songs regarding Ali Pasha and the Albanian Revolt of 1847. These songs include among other lyrics that compare him to the Souliot Markos Botsaris.
| Albanian | English |
| Marko Boçari suliot, Qan e të këput me lot, Se me Çelon se del dot, Është djalë picariot | The Souliot Mark Botsaris, Cries and can't stop, 'Cause he can't be better than Çelo, He is a Picariot boy |
He was from village of Gjirokastra Picar.
# Tazewell Branch

Tazewell Branch (May 13, 1828 – April 30, 1925) was an American state legislator, former slave, and a shoemaker. He was twice elected to the Virginia House of Delegates.

## Biography

Branch was born into slavery on May 13, 1828, in Prince Edward County, Virginia and served as a house servant and shoemaker until his emancipation. He was literate and was considered intelligent by his contemporaries, aspects that worked in his favor once he was freed.
He married his wife Harriet Lacy around 1859 and together they had about ten children. Branch owned property in Farmville and was active in local politics. He was elected to serve as a Delegate in 1873 and was again elected in 1875, partially due to people defecting from his opponent's party, however he chose against seeking a third term due to a growing disgust for politics. After his term in the House of Delegates, Branch served as an assistant assessor of internal revenue, a position he was dismissed from in October 1881.
Branch then worked as a shoemaker and later ran a grocery store but found little success in either venture. He continued to live in Farmville until around 1911, when he moved to New Jersey. Branch died in Camden, New Jersey on April 30, 1925.
His daughter Mary Elizabeth Branch served as the president for Huston–Tillotson University (then called Tillotson College) and attended Virginia State University (then called Virginia Normal and Collegiate Institute), which has named its Branch Hall after her.
# Roger Clarendon

Sir Roger Clarendon (c. 1350 – 8 June 1402) was a conspirator and royal bastard as the illegitimate son of Edward the Black Prince and his mistress, Edith Willesford.

## Biography

Clarendon was the illegitimate son of Edward the Black Prince, and his mistress, Edith Willesford. He was a paternal half-brother to Richard II of England. Being regarded as a possible pretender, Clarendon was hanged and beheaded by order of Henry IV of England in 1402. His execution was made the subject of one of the articles exhibited by Richard Scrope, Archbishop of York, against Henry IV during a rebellion in 1405.
# Gong Xiaosheng

Gong Xiaosheng (born 1953) is a Chinese ambassador.
* From 1980 to 1984 he was Third Secretary in Cairo (Egypt).
* From November 2002 to July 2005 he was ambassador to the Palestinian National Authority.
* From September 2006 to October 2008 he was ambassador to Amman (Jordan).
* From October 2008 to July 2014 was ambassador in Ankara (Turkey).
* From September 5, 2014 until September 2019 he was China's Special Envoy on the Middle East Issue.
# Dada Kamred

Dada Kamred (Hindi: दादा कॉमरेड) is a novel written by Yashpal. Dada Kamred was Yashpal's first novel.
# Biri Sacred

29°39′18″N 94°22′52″E﻿ / ﻿29.655°N 94.381°E﻿ / 29.655; 94.381
Biri Sacred, or Biri Shenshan (Chinese: 比日神山; Tibetan: བི་རི་གནས་རི།), is mountain located in Bayi District, Nyingchi City, Tibet Autonomous Region. It is a revered site in Tibetan Bon religion and a national forest park established in 2012.

## Geography

Known as "Monkey Mountain" in Tibetan folklore, it spans 22,594 hectares with a forest coverage rate of 55.91%, featuring distinct vertical vegetation zones ranging from oak and pine forests at lower elevations to fir forests, bamboo groves, and alpine meadows at higher altitudes. The mountain is home to diverse wildlife, including Tibetan antelope, Bengal tigers, and red pandas, documented in the Nyingchi Natural Ecology Museum within the park, which houses 586 species of plant and animal specimens.
Infrastructure development began in the early 2000s, with wooden boardwalks and viewing platforms constructed to facilitate eco-tourism while minimizing environmental impact. The museum, opened in 2012, serves as an educational hub for regional biodiversity. Traditional Bon practices persist, including the annual Saga Dawa Festival, where pilgrims circumambulate the mountain counterclockwise, and rituals involving stone cairns, prayer flags, and a sacred "cosmic tree" believed to connect heaven and earth.
The mountain is important for the environment because it helps protect Bon heritage. One important way it does this is through stories about the fight between the Bon master Akyung Jeb and the Buddhist Padmasambhava in the eighth century, which made the mountain a cultural and spiritual landmark.
# Democratic Party of Serbs in Macedonia

The Democratic Party of Serbs in Macedonia (DPSM; Serbian: Демократска странка Срба у Македонији, romanized: Demokratska stranka Srba u Makedoniji; Macedonian: Демократска партија на Србите во Македонија, romanized: Demokratska partija na Srbite vo Makedonija) is a political party representing the interests of Serbs in North Macedonia as well as other political, social and economic issues.

## Overview

At the last legislative elections, April 2014, the party won one out of 120 seats.
DPSM's elected Parliamentary Deputy is Ivan Stoilković who is the current President of the DPSM. Stoilković was appointed government minister in the cabinet of Hristijan Mickoski in 2024.

## Goals

The party goals may be defined as: preservation and advancement of Serbs and their respective culture and heritage by legal implementation and practical projects and support for the development of North Macedonia as a multiethnic, free-market orientated democracy. It has traditional base of members and supporters in the regions of Skopska Crna Gora inhabited by Serbs, among Serbs in the cities of Skopje and Kumanovo and among other minor communities of Serbs in other areas of North Macedonia.
From the inception of political pluralism in the Republic of Macedonia, it is by far the most representative political option for Serbs in this state and since the 2001 change of party leadership, its preferred political partner is VMRO-DPMNE, current leader of parliamentary position.
# Bidens ferulifolia

Bidens ferulifolia is a North American plant species in the family Asteraceae. Common names include Apache beggarticks and fern-leaved beggarticks.

## Distribution

Bidens ferulifolia is native to Mexico.
# Łany, Puławy County

Łany is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Markuszów, within Puławy County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) west of Markuszów, 20 km (12 mi) east of Puławy, and 28 km (17 mi) north-west of the regional capital Lublin.
# André Dumortier

André Dumortier (1 October 1910, in Comines, Belgium – 3 September 2004, in Tournai) was a Belgian pianist.
He participated in the Concours Eugène Ysaÿe (future Queen Elisabeth Music Competition) in 1938, and it has been said that he is firmly entrenched in the public memory of Tournai. After the Second World War, he became a professor at the Conservatoire Royal de Bruxelles in Belgium, and later the director of the Conservatoire de Tournai. At the same time, he pursued a career as a soloist and chamber musician of international renown.
Belgian composer Jean Absil's "Grande Suite, Op. 62" is dedicated to Dumortier.
Dumortier was active even in his retirement, launching master classes in Tournai in 1988, during the course of which young pianists from various countries came together each year. He also completed several recordings. Perhaps his greatest legacy remains that of a teaching placed under the signs of "my beauty" and "the essential."
# The River (1938 film)

The River is a 1938 short documentary film which shows the importance of the Mississippi River to the United States, and how farming and timber practices had caused topsoil to be swept down the river and into the Gulf of Mexico, leading to catastrophic floods and impoverishing farmers. It ends by briefly describing how the Tennessee Valley Authority project was beginning to reverse these problems.
It was written and directed by Pare Lorentz and, like Lorentz's earlier 1936 documentary The Plow That Broke the Plains, was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant", going into the registry in 1990. The film won the "best documentary" category at the 1938 Venice International Film Festival.
Both films have notable scores by Virgil Thomson that are still heard as concert suites, featuring an adaptation of the hymn "How Firm a Foundation". The film was narrated by the American baritone Thomas Hardie Chalmers. Thomson's score was heavily adapted from his own concert work Symphony on a Hymn Tune. The River later served as the score for the 1983 TV movie The Day After.
The two films were sponsored by the U.S. government and specifically the Resettlement Administration (RA) to raise awareness about the New Deal. The RA was folded into the Farm Security Administration in 1937, so The River was officially an FSA production.
There is also a companion book, The River. The text was nominated for the Pulitzer Prize in poetry in that year.
# Defensible Barracks, Pembroke Dock

The Defensible Barracks at Pembroke Dock, is a Grade II* listed, Victorian-era fortification and barracks in Pembrokeshire, South Wales. It is a 20-sided stone fort surrounded by a dry moat with masonry walls. A parade ground occupies the centre of the fort. It was built in the mid-1840s to house the Royal Marines based in Pembroke Dockyard and to protect the dockyard.

## History

The barracks was built between 1841 and 1846 to house the dockyard's garrison of Royal Marines and to cover the landward side of the dockyard from an infantry assault. It was probably the last trace bastion fort built in Europe. Prior to the Defensible Barracks' construction, the Royal Marines were housed in the hulked 74-gun ship, HMS Dragon, that had been deliberately run aground in 1832.
The barracks was acquired by a private developer, with plans to convert it into residential accommodation, in September 2019. However, the property was for sale again in late 2022, and as of January 2024 remains so.

## Description

The barracks is in the form of a square bastion trace with four two-storey, barracks ranges surrounding the central parade ground. "The enclosed yard remains notable for being the finest Georgian-style square in Wales". A fortified gatehouse is in the middle of the north wall. The moat is about 16 feet (4.9 m) deep and 42 feet (12.8 m) wide and is crossed by a fixed modern steel bridge that replaced the original wooden sliding drawbridge that leads to the gatehouse. The scarp or inner wall of the moat rises above the height of the platform to serve as a parapet with musketry loopholes, except at the salient angles of the bastions to allow the guns mounted on the bastions' platform to fire over the parapet. All but the southwestern bastion still have some gun mountings remaining. The external walls of the gatehouse and the barracks ranges are also loopholed, although some of these have been fitted with sash windows.