# Troy, Missouri

Troy is a city in Lincoln County, Missouri, United States. As of 2019, the estimated population was 12,820. It is the county seat of Lincoln County. Troy is an exurb of St. Louis, and is part of the St. Louis Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## History

Troy was platted in 1819. Some say the community was named after Troy, New York, while others believe the name is a transfer from Troy, Vermont. An early variant name was Woods Fort. A post office called Troy has been in operation since 1823.

### Historic sites

Fort Cap au Gris, a War of 1812 fortification, was built near Troy in 1814. Lincoln County Medical Center was established in Troy in 1953 under the Hill-Burton Memorial Hospitals Act, as Lincoln County Memorial Hospital. Cuivre River State Park, one of the largest of Missouri's state parks, lies approximately three miles to the northeast of Troy, across the Cuivre River valley.

#### Downtown Troy Historic District

The Downtown Troy Historic District is a national historic district in Troy. The district encompasses 39 contributing buildings, 1 contributing site, and 2 contributing structures in the central business district and surrounding residential area of Troy. It developed between about 1832 and 1966, and includes representative examples of Late Victorian style architecture. Notable buildings include the Sherman Cottle House (1832), St. Stephens Methodist Church (1900–1901), Lincoln County Jail/Jailer's House (1876), Sacred Heart Catholic Church (1954), Lincoln County Courthouse (1869–1870), Troy Post Office (c. 1925), Farmers & Merchants Bank / Masonic Lodge (1906), Universalist Church / Masonic Hall (1837/1851), Lincoln County Motor Co. (1929), and United Baptist Church (1937).
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.

## Geography

Troy is located two miles west of the Cuivre River. U.S. 61 passes the east side of the city and Missouri Route 47 passes through the north side.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 7.34 square miles (19.01 km$^2$), of which 7.30 square miles (18.91 km$^2$) is land and 0.04 square miles (0.10 km$^2$) is water.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

The 2020 United States census counted 12,686 people, 4,151 households, and 3,086 families in Troy. The population density was 1,643.3 inhabitants per square mile (634.5/km$^2$). There were 4,455 housing units at an average density of 577.1 per square mile (222.8/km$^2$). The racial makeup was 87.11% (11,051) white, 2.96% (376) black or African-American, 0.46% (58) Native American or Alaska Native, 0.59% (75) Asian, 0.02% (2) Pacific Islander, 1.88% (239) from other races, and 6.98% (885) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race was 5.1% (640) of the population.
Of the 4,151 households, 39.2% had children under the age of 18; 54.1% were married couples living together; 27.6% had a female householder with no husband present. Of all households, 20.2% consisted of individuals and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.9 and the average family size was 3.2.
27.1% of the population was under the age of 18, 10.6% from 18 to 24, 28.4% from 25 to 44, 20.5% from 45 to 64, and 11.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34.1 years. For every 100 females, the population had 98.4 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 92.5 males.
The 2016-2020 5-year American Community Survey estimates show that the median household income was $68,524 (with a margin of error of +/- $10,125) and the median family income was $73,326 (+/- $6,130). Males had a median income of $46,655 (+/- $7,043) versus $30,636 (+/- $2,944) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $34,958 (+/- $4,139). Approximately, 5.8% of families and 9.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.4% of those under the age of 18 and 6.4% of those ages 65 or over.

### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 10,542 people, 3,843 households, and 2,727 families living in the city. The population density was 1,443.8 inhabitants per square mile (557.5/km$^2$). There were 4,141 housing units at an average density of 567.3 per square mile (219.0/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 92.5% White, 3.1% African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.7% Asian, 0.8% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.0% of the population.
There were 3,843 households, of which 43.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.5% were married couples living together, 14.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 29.0% were non-families. 24.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.67 and the average family size was 3.16.
The median age in the city was 32.2 years. 30.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 30.4% were from 25 to 44; 19.6% were from 45 to 64; and 11.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.4% male and 52.6% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 6,737 people, 2,521 households, and 1,747 families living in the city. The population density was 1,134.5 inhabitants per square mile (438.0/km$^2$). There were 2,661 housing units at an average density of 448.1 per square mile (173.0/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 93.87% White, 2.86% African American, 0.39% Native American, 0.13% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.80% from other races, and 1.93% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.71% of the population.
There were 2,521 households, out of which 39.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.6% were married couples living together, 14.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.7% were non-families. 26.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.10.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 29.8% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 30.6% from 25 to 44, 16.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.7 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $40,332, and the median income for a family was $46,818. Males had a median income of $34,750 versus $24,440 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,666. About 7.6% of families and 11.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.4% of those under age 18 and 14.6% of those age 65 or over.

## Education

Troy is home to Troy Buchanan High School, Troy Middle School, Troy South Middle School, Main Street Elementary, Boone Elementary School, Claude Brown Elementary, Cuivre Park Elementary, Lincoln County R-III Early Childhood Education Center, William Cappel Elementary School, and Lincoln Elementary School, all of which are part of the Lincoln County R-III School District.
Troy does not have a public library. Troy's library, the Powell Memorial Library, is owned and operated by the Troy R-III School District.

## Notable people

* Marc Benavidez (born c. 1990), college football coach
* Frederick Gilmer Bonfils (1860–1933), publisher
* Emily Crane (born 1994), softball player
* Pendleton Dudley (1876–1966), journalist
* Pat Elzie (born 1960) basketball coach
* David Hungate (born 1948), musician, bass player
* William L. Hungate (1922–2007), politician and judge
* Richard Alonzo Jaccard (1918–1942), Navy ensign who was awarded the Navy Cross
* Doyle Justus, politician
* Wilson McCoy (1902–1961), illustrator and painter
* Richard H. Norton (1849–1918), politician
* Randy Pietzman (born 1961), politician
* DeAnna Price (born 1993), hammer thrower
* Harley Race (1943–2019), wrestler
* Ed Schieffer (born 1949), politician
* Nathaniel Simonds (1775–1850), politician
* May Bonfils Stanton (1883–1962) heiress and philanthropist
* Dennis Tankersley (born 1979), baseball player
* Clinton Watson (1888–1958), politician