OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Erick Lonnis

Erick Lonnis Bolaños (born 9 September 1965) is a Costa Rican former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper during the 1990s and early 2000s.

## Club career

Lonnis made his debut in the Costa Rica Premier Division for Cartaginés on 22 July 1990 against Herediano and also played for Carmelita. He however played the majority of his career for Deportivo Saprissa, where he reached local stardom, becoming one of the most emblematic figures for the fans, either as Saprissa's or Costa Rica's national squad goalkeeper. He was the captain for Saprissa during several seasons, where he won four national championships, as well as two CONCACAF Champions Cup in 1993 and 1995. He totalled 362 games for the club.

## International career

Lonnis made his debut for Costa Rica in a December 1992 FIFA World Cup qualification match against St Vincent & the Grenadines and earned a total of 76 caps, scoring no goals. He holds the record for the goalkeeper with the most appearances for the senior Costa Rica national football team. He represented his country in 9 FIFA World Cup qualifiers and was the captain of Costa Rica's team that played the 2002 FIFA World Cup held in Korea and Japan, where he reaffirmed the leadership and excellent reflexes that characterized him through all his career. He also played at the 1993, 1995, 1997, 1999 and 2001 UNCAF Nations Cups as well as at the 1993, 1998 and 2002 CONCACAF Gold Cups and the 1997 and 2001 Copa América tournaments.
His final international was the final 2002 World Cup match against Brazil.

## Retirement

After retiring in April 2003 due to injury, Lonnis became the assistant of Costa Rica's national squad, due to his vast experience as a player and his leadership. On May 7 officially turned down Carmelita's offer to be their head coach.

## Personal life

Lonnis married former beauty queen Tatiana Bolaños in 2002 but they later separated. However, their first child, daughter Isabella, was born in July 2013.
# Morton v. Ruiz

Morton v. Ruiz, 415 U.S. 199 (1974), was a case heard before the United States Supreme Court affirming the right of Native Americans living on reservations to receive state assistance.

## Background

Ramon Ruiz and his wife Anita were Papago Indians and U.S. citizens who in 1940 left the Papago reservation in Arizona to seek employment 15 miles away at the Phelps-Dodge copper mines at Ajo. They settled in a community called the "Indian Village" and maintained close ties with the nearby reservation.
On December 11, 1967, Mr. Ruiz applied for general assistance benefits from the Bureau of Indian Affairs and was immediately notified by letter that he was ineligible for general benefits because of a provision in 66 Indian Affairs Manual 3.1.4 (1965) that eligibility was limited to Indians living "on reservations" and certain jurisdictions in Alaska and Oklahoma. The legislation authorizing payment of benefits by the BIA had no express residential criteria.
This policy had not been published in the Federal Register or in the Code of Federal Regulations and its only manifestation was solely an internal-operations brochure at the Bureau of Indian Affairs intended to cover policies that "do not relate to the public." Even though the Bureau of Indian Affairs was not required to follow the Administrative Procedures Act Section 553 for benefit disbursement, they expressed internal policies that they would follow it.

## Arguments and ruling

Ruiz pursued the class action lawsuit, "entitlement to such general assistance as a matter of statutory interpretation".
The Supreme Court, in an opinion written by Justice Blackmun, held that the internal Section 553 procedures were not followed, and thus benefits could not be limited.
The Supreme Court further said, "[In] order for an agency interpretation to be granted deference, it must be consistent with the congressional purpose. It is evident to us that Congress did not itself intend to limit its authorization to only those Indians directly on, in contrast to those 'near,' the reservation, and that, therefore, the BIA's interpretation must fail."
# Hassan Ugas Yasin

Ugas Hassan Ugas Yasin (Somali: Ugaas Xasan Ugaas Yaasiin, Arabic: اوغاس حسن اوغاس ياسين, is the supreme traditional clan elder (Ughaz) of Dishiishe clan. Ugas Hassan belongs to a dynastical line of succession that continued for centuries. On 15 July 2001 he was crowned, it's said the coronation was conducted at behest of his late father Ugas Yasin. Between 1974-90 he was in the service (army) holding the rank of colonel, in 1987 he went to Italy where he had joined the academy Cievieta Vecchia in Rome.

## Coronation

In 2002 Ugas Hassan was crowned in Andho-bahal valley near, Waaciye district in Bari region, in the attendance of a large folks including high-ranking dignitaries from the Somali region of Ogaden, Somaliland, Kenya, Somalia and Puntland.
Ugas is serving as the nominal chief Ugas for the Harti clans, which itself belongs to Darod family.

## Background

In 1983 Hassan graduated from Somali National University with an Economics degree. He fluently speaks Italian and fairly English.
# Lee Township, Calhoun County, Michigan

Lee Township is a civil township of Calhoun County in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is part of the Battle Creek Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,055 at the 2020 census.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.4 square miles (94.2 km$^2$), of which 36.2 square miles (93.8 km$^2$) is land and 0.15 square miles (0.4 km$^2$), or 0.43%, is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,257 people, 430 households, and 338 families residing in the township. The population density was 34.7 inhabitants per square mile (13.4/km$^2$). There were 462 housing units at an average density of 12.7 per square mile (4.9/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 95.70% White, 0.16% African American, 0.48% Native American, 0.08% Asian, 2.31% from other races, and 1.27% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.78% of the population.
There were 430 households, out of which 40.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.6% were married couples living together, 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.2% were non-families. 15.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.88 and the average family size was 3.17.
In the township the population was spread out, with 28.0% under the age of 18, 11.1% from 18 to 24, 29.8% from 25 to 44, 22.7% from 45 to 64, and 8.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 113.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.5 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $45,592, and the median income for a family was $48,603. Males had a median income of $35,577 versus $23,667 for females. The per capita income for the township was $19,445. About 7.6% of families and 10.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.3% of those under age 18 and 5.9% of those age 65 or over.
# Yaqob II

Yaʿqob II (699–?) was Patriarch of the Church of the East from 753 to 773. He is included in the traditional list of patriarchs of the Church of the East. He spent much of his reign in prison after offending the caliph al-Mansur.

## Sources

Brief accounts of Yaʿqob's reign are given in the Ecclesiastical Chronicle of the Jacobite writer Bar Hebraeus (floruit 1280) and in the ecclesiastical histories of the Nestorian writers Mari (twelfth-century), ʿAmr (fourteenth-century) and Sliba (fourteenth-century).

## Yaqob's patriarchate

The following account of Yaʿqob's reign is given by Bar Hebraeus, who was particularly interested in the agreement made between the Nestorian and Jacobite churches under which the Nestorians built a church in the Jacobite stronghold of Tagrit in return for the restoration of the Jacobite church of Mar Domitius in Nisibis.
   Then Yaʿqob was installed and consecrated at Seleucia, after the bishops received a written pledge from him that he would neither break the law nor violate the canons. In his time a church was built in Tagrit for the Nestorians on the initiative of Sliba-zkha, bishop of Tirhan. He had been imprisoned in chains along with the catholicus Yaʿqob, and when he regained his freedom began to build his churches in Tirhan, and even went to Tagrit to visit the maphrian Paul, whom he tried to persuade to allow the Nestorians to build a church in Tagrit. The maphrian replied, 'I myself have no objection, but I am afraid of the patriarch and the people of Tagrit. I therefore advise you to go to Nisibis and persuade the Nestorians to restore to the Jacobites the churches they have taken from them. Then the people of Tagrit will surely agree that a church can be built among them for your people.' And so Sliba-zkha went to Nisibis, and petitioned the aged metropolitan Cyprian and the Nestorians of Nisibis, and they restored the celebrated church of Mar Domitius to our people. Then ten of the Jacobite merchants who lived in Nisibis went to Tagrit and petitioned for a church to be built there for the Nestorians. Sliba-zkha also went to the patriarch Giwargis who was still imprisoned in Baghdad, and they both wrote to the people of Tagrit, asking them to conclude the matter. Although a number of argumentative young men objected, their elders did not follow them, but granted the Nestorians a piece of land next to the Tigris, by the outer walls of the city. There they built a small church, in which they still hold their services to this day. They began to build it in the year 150 of the Arabs [767/8].
# Observation Peak (Alberta)

Observation Peak is a 3,174-metre (10,413-foot) mountain summit located in Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada. The mountain can be seen from the Icefields Parkway near the Bow Summit.
The peak was named in 1898 by Charles L. Noyes, a Boston clergyman, who upon climbing to the top found it to have the best viewpoint he had ever reached.
The mountain can be scrambled using the western slopes and after reaching the top of the false summit, a 20-minute plod to the northwest leads to the true summit about 100 metres (328 ft) higher.

## Geology

Like other mountains in Banff Park, the mountain is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Precambrian to Jurassic periods. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Observation Peak is located in a subarctic climate with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Temperatures can drop below −20 °C (−4 °F) with wind chill factors below −30 °C (−22 °F). Precipitation runoff from Observation Peak drains into the Mistaya River, a tributary of the North Saskatchewan River.

## Gallery

* Observation Peak above the Icefields Parkway
# Jack Nelson (offensive tackle)

Jack Nelson is an American college football offensive tackle for the Wisconsin Badgers.

## Early life

Nelson attended Stoughton High School in Stoughton, Wisconsin. He was rated as a five-star recruit and committed to play college football for the Wisconsin Badgers.

## College career

Nelson was redshirted as a freshman in 2020 and appeared in one game against Michigan. In 2021, he started all 13 games for the Badgers at right guard and earned honorable mention all-Big Ten Conference honors. During the 2022 season, Nelson started all 12 games at left tackle for Wisconsin. In the 2023 season, he started all 13 games for the Badgers at left tackle.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span |
| 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) | 314 lb (142 kg) | 33+1⁄2 in (0.85 m) | 10 in (0.25 m) |
| All values from NFL Combine ||||

## Personal life

Nelson's father Todd played as an offensive tackle for the Wisconsin Badgers, and his younger brother Barrett is also an offensive tackle for Wisconsin.
# Regis Chakabva

Regis Wiriranai Chakabva (born 20 September 1987) is a Zimbabwean cricketer and vice-captain of the team in all formats of the game. He is a right-handed wicket-keeper batter. He played through school-level cricket and started making his mark as a good batter with sound wicket-keeping abilities. He got picked to play for Zimbabwe.

## Domestic career

Chakabva made his first-class debut for Northerns in an April 2007 Logan Cup match against Easterns. Opening the batting, he made scores of 0 and 5 in the match. After just four first-class matches for his province and with a top score of 35, he was picked for a Zimbabwe A side. He made his first half-century against a South African academy side in August 2007. Chakabva was then selected for a Zimbabwe Provinces side to play in South African domestic competition in the 2007–08 season; he made his maiden first-class century against Namibia in this tournament. In 2013/2014, he played grade cricket for Magpies Cricket Club in Mackay, Queensland.
In December 2020, he was selected to play for the Eagles in the 2020–21 Logan Cup.

## International career

In October 2008, Chakabva was selected in the squad for the Zimbabwe national team for the 2008 Quadrangular Twenty20 Series in Canada. He made his international debut in a Twenty20 International match against Pakistan on 12 October 2008. Playing as a specialist batsman (Tatenda Taibu was the wicket-keeper) he scored one run before being run out. Pakistan won the match by seven wickets. Zimbabwe would go on to finish third in the tournament.
After this tournament, the Zimbabwe side went to Nairobi, Kenya, for a series of One Day International matches against Kenya and Ireland. Chakabva made his One Day International debut against Kenya on 19 October, this time as wicket-keeper with Taibu playing as a specialist batsman. Chakabva scored 41 runs from 44 balls and was the last wicket to fall as Zimbabwe lost by 95 runs.
In 2010, Chakabva toured Canada and the Netherlands with the Zimbabwean side. Following the readmission of Zimbabwe to Test cricket in 2011, he made his Test debut against New Zealand at Bulawayo in November that year, keeping wicket and scoring 37 and 5 batting at number seven.
Chakabva scored his maiden Test century on 3 July 2014 against Bangladesh at Khulna. However, Zimbabwe lost the match.
In 2021, Chakabva was made the vice-captain of the Zimbabwe side.
In 2022, he began his service as the vice-captain of the Test side as well. Later in 2022, Regis Chakabva captained Zimbabwe for the first time against Bangladesh and started with a win.
Regis has been inconsistent in his batting since his career has been affected by the lack of playing opportunities. He has, however, improved as a wicket-keeper over the years and is quite secure behind the stumps.
# Kadek Arel

Kadek Arel Priyatna (born 4 April 2005) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Liga 1 club Bali United and the Indonesia national team.

## Club career
### Bali United

On 12 January 2023, Kadek officially signed a contract with Bali United. He made his official debut against Persita in the 2022–23 Liga 1.

## International career

On 30 May 2022, Kadek made his debut for the Indonesia under-20 national team against Venezuela U20 in the 2022 Maurice Revello Tournament in France.
In September 2023, he was a part of the Indonesia U23 squad in the 2022 Asian Games tournament led by Indra Sjafri.
Kadek was once again called by Sjafri to the Indonesia U20 team to participate at the 2024 Maurice Revello Tournament.
On 25 November 2024, Kadek received a called-up to the preliminary squad to the Indonesia national team for the 2024 ASEAN Championship. He made his debut against Myanmar in a 1–0 victory.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 11 March 2025
| Club | Season | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Bali United | 2022–23 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| Bali United | 2023–24 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 0 |
| Bali United | 2024–25 | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| Career total | Career total | 29 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 0 |

### International

    As of match played 21 December 2024
Appearances and goals by national team and year :
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| Indonesia | 2024 | 4 | 1 |
| Total | Total | 4 | 1 |
    As of match played 28 August 2024
List of international under-20 goals scored by Kadek Arel :
| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 17 July 2024 | Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium, Surabaya, Indonesia | Philippines | 3–0 | 6–0 | 2024 ASEAN U-19 Boys Championship |
| 2. | 20 July 2024 | Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium, Surabaya, Indonesia | Cambodia | 1–0 | 2–0 | 2024 ASEAN U-19 Boys Championship |
| 3. | 23 July 2024 | Gelora Bung Tomo Stadium, Surabaya, Indonesia | Timor-Leste | 4–1 | 6–2 | 2024 ASEAN U-19 Boys Championship |
| 4. | 28 August 2024 | Mokdong Stadium, Seoul, South Korea | Argentina | 1–1 | 2–1 | Seoul EOU Cup |
    As of match played 12 December 2024
List of international goals scored by Kadek Arel :
| No. | Date | Venue | Cap | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1 | 12 December 2024 | Manahan Stadium, Surakarta, Indonesia | 2 | Laos | 1–1 | 3–3 | 2024 ASEAN Championship |

## Honours

Bali United U18
* Elite Pro Academy Liga 1 U-18: 2021
Indonesia U16
* ASEAN U-16 Boys Championship third place: 2019
Indonesia U19
* ASEAN U-19 Boys Championship: 2024
Indonesia U23
* AFF U-23 Championship runner-up: 2023
# Norwood v. Harrison

Norwood v. Harrison, 413 U.S. 455 (1973), is a United States Supreme Court decision in which the court held that a state cannot provide aid to a private school which discriminates on the basis of race.

## Facts of the Case

Textbooks were being purchased by the state of Mississippi and given to students for free in both public and private schools pursuant a statute passed in 1940. Among the schools with students receiving textbooks was Tunica Academy, which declined to attest that it had a racially non-discriminatory admissions policy. The District Court decided in favor of the state and the Supreme Court heard oral arguments February 20 and 21, 1973. The case was argued by civil rights attorney Melvyn R. Leventhal.

## The Court's Decision

The Supreme Court ruled that a state may not constitutionally give or lend textbooks to students who attend a school that discriminates on the basis of race, otherwise the discriminatory conduct of the private school could be considered state action and would thus be in violation of the Constitution.
The opinion of the court was authored by Chief Justice Burger and was joined by Stewart, White, Marshall, Blackmun, Powell, and Rehnquist. Justices Douglas and Brennan wrote concurring opinions.
The Court held that the Equal Protection Clause did not protect aid to private school students who attended racially segregated private schools because private schools are not a suspect class. The Court said there was no need to make a finding on the State's intent because the program had the impermissible effect of aiding the "organization and continuation of a separate system of private schools which, under the District Court holding, may discriminate if they so desire."
# Too Bad (disambiguation)

"Too Bad" is a 2001 song by Nickelback.
Too Bad may also refer to:
* Too Bad (album), by Buju Banton, 2006
* "Too Bad" (Doug and the Slugs song), a 1980 song by Doug and the Slugs
* "Too Bad", a 1962 song by Ben E. King
* "Too Bad", a 2025 song by G-Dragon from the album Übermensch
* "Too Bad", a 2022 song by King Princess from the album Hold On Baby
* "Too Bad", a 2019 song by Lil' Kim from the album 9
* "Too Bad", a 2019 song by Rival Sons from the album Feral Roots
* "Too Bad", a 2004 song by Steve Took's Horns
# Provinces of Panama

Panama is divided into ten provinces (Spanish: provincias) and four provincial-level indigenous regions (Spanish: comarcas indígenas, often shortened to comarcas). The most recently established province is Panamá Oeste Province on 1 January 2014, and the most recently established indigenous region is Naso Tjër Di Comarca on 4 December 2020.
There are also two indigenous regions within provinces that are considered equivalent to a corregimiento (municipality).

## Provinces

| Province | Capital | Area (km$^2$) | Population (2023 census) | Population (2010 census) |
| Bocas del Toro | Bocas del Toro | 4,654.0 | 159,228 | 125,461 |
| Chiriquí | David | 6,584.2 | 471,071 | 416,873 |
| Coclé | Penonomé | 4,943.0 | 268,264 | 233,708 |
| Colón | Colón | 4,605.0 | 281,956 | 241,928 |
| Darién | La Palma | 12,402.7 | 54,235 | 48,378 |
| Herrera | Chitré | 2,362.9 | 122,071 | 109,955 |
| Los Santos | Las Tablas | 3,812.0 | 98,466 | 89,592 |
| Panamá | Panama City | 8,478.5 | 1,439,575 | 1,249,032 |
| Panamá Oeste | La Chorrera | 2,892.1 | 653,665 | 464,038 |
| Veraguas | Santiago de Veraguas | 10,597.5 | 259,791 | 226,991 |

## Indigenous regions (comarcas indígenas)
### Provincial level

| Comarca | Capital | Area (km$^2$) | Population (2023 census) | Population (2010 census) |
| Emberá-Wounaan | Unión Chocó | 4,365.5 | 12,358 | 10,001 |
| Guna Yala | Gaigirgordub | 2,307.6 | 32,016 | 33,109 |
| Ngäbe-Buglé | Llano Tugrí | 6,829.5 | 212,084 | 156,747 |
| Naso Tjër Di | Sieyic | 1,606.2 | | |

### Corregimiento-level

| Comarca | Province | Area (km$^2$) | Population (2023 census) | Population (2010 census) | Flag |
| Guna de Madungandí | Panamá | 2,127.2 | 7,647 | 4,271 | |
| Guna de Wargandí | Darién | 952.2 | 2,781 | 1,914 | |