# Haldia

Haldia is an industrial port city in Purba Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It has a major river port and industrial belt located approximately 124 km (77 mi) southwest of Kolkata near the mouth of the Hooghly River, one of the distributaries of the Ganges. The Haldia Township is bordered by the Haldi River, an offshoot of the Ganges River. Haldia is a centre for petrochemical businesses, and is a major trade port for Kolkata.

## Geography
### Location

Haldia is located at 22°02′N 88°04′E﻿ / ﻿22.03°N 88.06°E﻿ / 22.03; 88.06. It has an average elevation of 8 metres (26 ft).

## Demographics

As of 2011 census, Haldia had a population of 200,762, out of which 104,852 were males and 95,910 were females. The 0–6 years population was 21,122. Effective literacy rate for the 7+ population was 89.06 per cent.
As of 2001 India census, Haldia had a population of 170,695. Males constitute 53% of the population and females 47%. In Haldia, 13% of the population is under 6 years of age.

### Japanese community

Haldia once had a small, thriving Japanese community. The Japanese community of Haldia were mostly engineers and top executives at the Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation purified terephthalic acid (the corporation's majority stake is now under The Chatterjee Group) plant in the city. The community had lived in the mini Japanese township called Sataku (Japantown) for many years. Sataku had Japanese restaurant and a local Japanese news station. Japanese movies were shown in local theatres in the township. Haldia was the only Indian city to have a Japantown.

## Administration

The city of Haldia is governed by the Haldia Municipality. Earlier Haldia Municipality had 26 wards. In 2015, the number of wards was increased to 29.
Haldia Municipality falls under the jurisdiction of two police territories, served by Haldia and Bhabanipur police stations. Haldia police station is located in Chinranjibpur, and covers an area of 98 km$^2$ (38 sq mi) with a population of 65,000. Bhabanipur police station is located in Bhabanipur, and covers an area of 115 km$^2$ (44 sq mi) with a population of 124,906.
Haldia is also a base of the Indian Coast Guard. Indian coast guard DHQ 8 (Headquarters for West Bengal) is located at Haldia. There is a hoverport to house four of the eighteen hovercraft belonging to the Indian Coast Guard. The Indian coast guard also has a pontoon jetty to berth a fleet of ships. Presently two fast patrol vessels, one inshore patrol vessels, and one small craft are based at Haldia.

## Climate

Haldia has a tropical savanna climate (Köppen climate classification Aw), with winter temperatures ranging from a low of around 7 °C (45 °F) degrees Celsius to a high of 22 °C (72 °F). Summers can be very hot and humid. Usual summer temperatures in May, the hottest month, range from a low of 24 °C (75 °F) degrees to highs around 39 °C (102 °F) degrees. Although summers are hot and humid, Kalbaishakhis provide a relief to the people, albeit killing some in the process. Rainfall is heavy during monsoons, with an average rainfall of 3,650 mm (144 in) and the rainy months are between May and October.
Climate data for Haldia (1991–2020, extremes 1981–2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 32.3 (90.1) | 37.7 (99.9) | 39.5 (103.1) | 40.5 (104.9) | 40.9 (105.6) | 39.9 (103.8) | 38.2 (100.8) | 39.0 (102.2) | 36.3 (97.3) | 36.9 (98.4) | 35.5 (95.9) | 32.0 (89.6) | 40.9 (105.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 25.7 (78.3) | 29.0 (84.2) | 32.3 (90.1) | 33.5 (92.3) | 34.0 (93.2) | 33.4 (92.1) | 32.0 (89.6) | 32.2 (90.0) | 32.4 (90.3) | 32.1 (89.8) | 30.0 (86.0) | 27.0 (80.6) | 31.1 (88.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 14.5 (58.1) | 18.7 (65.7) | 23.1 (73.6) | 25.9 (78.6) | 27.1 (80.8) | 27.5 (81.5) | 26.9 (80.4) | 26.8 (80.2) | 26.6 (79.9) | 24.9 (76.8) | 20.4 (68.7) | 15.7 (60.3) | 23.2 (73.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 8.4 (47.1) | 10.4 (50.7) | 15.7 (60.3) | 18.3 (64.9) | 19.1 (66.4) | 21.0 (69.8) | 22.3 (72.1) | 22.0 (71.6) | 22.0 (71.6) | 19.3 (66.7) | 12.5 (54.5) | 10.0 (50.0) | 8.4 (47.1) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 18.6 (0.73) | 21.0 (0.83) | 30.1 (1.19) | 51.8 (2.04) | 116.2 (4.57) | 279.7 (11.01) | 404.9 (15.94) | 397.2 (15.64) | 333.2 (13.12) | 169.2 (6.66) | 38.8 (1.53) | 7.8 (0.31) | 1,868.5 (73.56) |
| Average rainy days | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 3.1 | 6.5 | 11.8 | 18.5 | 18.1 | 13.6 | 6.7 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 84.2 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 64 | 64 | 67 | 77 | 79 | 83 | 85 | 85 | 84 | 79 | 71 | 67 | 75 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department ||||||||||||||
Haldia has been ranked 5th best "National Clean Air City" under (Category 3 population under 3 lakhs cities) in India.

## Transportation
### Road-way

Haldia is connected to Kolkata by bus of South Bengal State Transport Corporation . Recent efforts have seen introduction of new air-conditioned buses which take less than three hours from station to station.. Haldia is also connected to Bankura, Kharagpur, Tarakeswar, Burdwan, Asansol by bus.

### Rail-way

Haldia railway station is the major railway station connecting the city to Kolkata, Chennai and Delhi. For long-distance trains, except one or two weekly for Delhi and Chennai, you have to go to either Mecheda, Howrah(near Kolkata) or Kharagpur.

### Water-way

Haldia is also connected via the 1,620 km (1,010 mi) long inland waterway, National Waterway 1, that runs from Prayagraj across the Ganges, Bhagirathi and Hooghly river system to Haldia (Sagar). A catamaran service used to operate from Kolkata to Haldia, but was withdrawn due to its high price and unpopularity among tourists. A governmental ferry service operates between Haldia and Nandigram.

## Industry

Haldia has several major factories, including South Asian Petrochemicals Ltd, Haldia Refinery under IOCL, Haldia Energy Limited, Exide, Shaw Wallace, Tata Chemicals, Haldia Petrochemicals, India Power Corporation Ltd., Hindustan Lever, MCPI Private Limited (formerly Mitsubishi Chemical Corporations India), S.J.Constructions, Jay Road Carriers and LTC&Co.

## Sports

The Indian Football Association and Tata Football Academy have been operating for years in the city to scout and promote football talents. A new project called Haldia International Sports City is also under construction.
Cricket is a popular sport in Haldia with multiple coaching clubs and local facilities available for the youth and teenagers to train, and compete at local and regional level cricket tournaments. Haldia also has multiple football coaching clubs. The city has a few public and private wooden floor badminton courts and swimming pools- people come from various places to have their coaching in these arenas.