OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Benjamin F. Alexander

Benjamin F. Alexander was an American politician. He was a delegate to Alabama's 1867 Constitutional Convention and a state representative for Greene County, Alabama during the Reconstruction era. He lived in Eutaw.
A farmer, he was born in North Carolina in 1820.
# Kungälv school shooting

On 4 March 1961, a mass shooting occurred at Thorild School in central Kungälv, Västra Götaland, Sweden, in which a gunman shot and killed one person, Per Håkan Altvall, and injured six others. It was the first reported school shooting in Sweden and one of the earliest in Europe.
The memory of the murdered Per Håkan Altvall is kept alive in Kungälv via a stipend "awarded annually to one or a number of students known for good friendship and social support to students".

## Incident

Around 11:30 p.m. on 4 March 1961, a large group of youngsters were dancing in the school gym hall. During the last dance, 17-year-old Ove Conry Andersson entered, pulled out a gun and started shooting randomly. People attempted to hide under chairs and behind a piano. Seven were wounded, including 18-year-old Per Håkan Altvall, who later died from his wounds. He was hit in the stomach and an eyewitness states that the perpetrator first shot Altvall in the leg and later on his way out shot him again in the stomach, killing him. The wounded were first taken to a classroom in the school and later to Kungälv hospital.
Kungälv police chased the gunman all night on the road to Ytterby, where it was assumed he had escaped. Kungälv police requested assistance from police in both Ytterby and Gothenburg. The following morning, 5 March, just before 8 a.m., the killer showed up at the police station, driven there by an older coworker. A few hours later, the 17-year-old gunman had willingly told the police all his details of the incident. The shooter had been to a different party earlier and drank two mixed drinks, then watched an ice hockey game while drinking cognac with a friend. At 10.30 p.m. he first entered the school dance and got into a fight with a guest who was also an amateur boxer. Andersson then went to get his gun, came back and started shooting, killing Altvall before escaping and hiding in the Fontin forest. The chase for Andersson was the largest police activity in west Sweden to date, involving a total of 50 policemen plus dogs.
On March 6, all of the school gathered in the gym hall in memory of Per Altvall.

## Perpetrator

Andersson was known in Kungälv for his interest in cowboy movies and told the police he wanted to be like heroes in the movies. This event led to the first proposal to the government to investigate the effects of media violence, and the then-popular radio show "Tidsspegeln" (Mirror of Time) held a debate about "ideals and heroes for the youth" with the headline "Can we blame Cartwrights".
A 1995 article in Swedish newspaper Dagens Nyheter reported that Andersson was considered mentally unbalanced, partly because of the effects of alcohol, at the time of the shooting, and sentenced to closed psychiatric treatment. He refused to comment but DN mentioned that "it is known that he had married and had children less than four years after the incident." Altvall's mother Essie, then 88, was also interviewed and mentioned that she reached out to Andersson's mother shortly after the shooting and had forgiven the shooter for the murder of her son.
Andersson committed suicide on 12 August 2008.
# Joseph Doddridge

Joseph Doddridge (1746–1826) was a historian, horticulturist, physician, clergyman, and author, notable for his work in the trans-Allegheny West and Upper Ohio River Valley in what is now Western Pennsylvania and West Virginia. He is primarily recognized for his historical writings, especially Notes on the Settlements and Indian Wars of the Western Parts of Virginia, which documents the experiences of early European settlers and their conflicts with Native American tribes, particularly the Mingo. Additionally, Doddridge played a significant role in the establishment of Episcopal congregations in the Upper Ohio Valley.

## Early life and education

Doddridge was born in Bedford County, Pennsylvania, and raised further west at Doddridge's Fort, located in an area disputed between Virginia and Pennsylvania, now part of Washington County, Pennsylvania. The family farm also included Doddridge’s Chapel, a site frequently visited by Methodist circuit riders, including the renowned Bishop Francis Asbury.
His brother, Philip Doddridge, was a prominent political advocate for western Virginians during the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1829-1830.
As a young man, Doddridge initially pursued a career as an itinerant Methodist preacher, but later shifted his focus to medicine and the Episcopal ministry.
After the death of his father, Doddridge attended Canonsburg Academy (which later became Washington & Jefferson College), an institution affiliated with Scotch-Irish Presbyterians. He then traveled to Philadelphia, where he studied medicine and received theological training under the guidance of Bishop William White, preparing for ordination in the Episcopal Church.

## Ministry

Upon settling along Buffalo Creek, in what is now Wellsburg, West Virginia, Doddridge became an influential leader in the Episcopal Church, establishing congregations throughout the region. His efforts contributed to the formation of churches in what are now the dioceses of Pittsburgh, Ohio, Southern Ohio, Virginia, and West Virginia. Despite his tireless advocacy, Doddridge was unsuccessful in his efforts to organize dioceses in rural Northern Appalachia, and his work was later overshadowed by the ministry of Bishop Philander Chase.

## Writings and legacy

Doddridge is most remembered for his historical writings, particularly Notes on the Settlements and Indian Wars of the Western Parts of Virginia (1824), which offers valuable insights into the life and struggles of early settlers in the region. His work is often cited as a critical source for understanding the dynamics between European settlers and Native Americans during the late 18th century. In particular, Doddridge’s 1821 play Logan, the Last of the Race of Shikellemus provides a nuanced portrayal of the complex relationships between colonists and indigenous peoples, with some scholars noting that Doddridge’s perspective on colonial violence was more critical than that found in other contemporary accounts.
Although Doddridge’s contributions to the church were significant, he is now most valued for his historical and cultural significance in recording a transformative period in American history.
# The Cup Winner

The Cup Winner is a 1911 Australian silent film directed by Alfred Rolfe. It is set against a backdrop of horseracing and the finale involves real footage from the 1911 Melbourne Cup.
It was also known as Doping the Favourite.

## Synopsis

Richard Avendal is married with a young son. His wife is being blackmailed by a scoundrel who knows the wife's brother is in prison on a serious charge and demands money for his silence. Avendal sees his wife together with the blackmailer and believes he has been unfaithful.
Avendal divorces his wife and gives away their young baby son to an Italian organ grinder. The Italian places the baby in a training stable where he is found by the stable's owner and adopted into his family.
The boy, named Crossie, grows up and becomes a jockey, riding a horse in the Melbourne Cup owned by Richard Avendal. The villain and a comic Jewish bookmaker try to force Crossie to dope the horse but he refuses and rides to victory. The son is reunited with his father via the organ grinder, and Avendal discovers his wife is innocent.
The chapter headings were:
* 'Black mail'
* 'A misunderstanding'
* 'Jealousy'
* 'Divorced'
* 'Abandoned'
* 'Crossie, the Stable Boy'
* Trials for the Melbourne Cup
* 'The Spy'
* 'The Cup'
* 'The Burning Stables'
* 'Doping the Favorite'
* 'Tattersall's Club'
* 'Paying against the Favorite'
* 'The race for the Melbourne Cup, 1911'
* 'Crossie rides his father's horse to victory'
* 'The Welsher'
* 'Crossie restored to his parents'
* 'A happy ending'

## Cast

* Charles Villiers

## Original play

The film was based on a play which Philip Lytton toured around Australia from 1907 to 1909.
A Brisbane production centred on the Ascot Gold Cup and involved fourteen real horses racing on stage.
The plot involved Richard Avenal's happy home being wrecked by a blackmailer, Stephen Warland. Avenal's horse Kitchener participates in a horse race against Old Stocking, the blackmailer's horse.

## Production and release

The film was shot in Sydney in 1911, with additional footage shot at the real 1911 Melbourne Cup by six cameramen. (The Cup was won that year by The Parisian.)
The footage was processed immediately and shown that night, 7 November 1911, at five Melbourne theatres. It was copied and screened in Sydney theatres the next day. Screenings were usually accompanied by a lecturer.

## Reception

The gimmick proved successful and the movie became a major hit around the country, screening as late as February 1912.
The critic from the Launceston Examiner said the film "justified all that was written of it. It is unquestionably one of the most thorough and most interesting of the Australian Photo-Play Company's productions, and a stirring dramatic story." The Sydney Morning Herald said the film "does not depend on that scene [the Melbourne cup] for its interest, the human side of the drama, where all the varying emotions are admirably portrayed, being absorbing."
The Evening News called it a "splendid picture".
The film was a financial success.
# Mount Jefferson (Maine)

Mount Jefferson is a mountain in Penobscot County in the U.S. state of Maine. It is 0.6 miles (1.0 km) south of Lee. The mountain is also known as Jefferson Mountain.
# List of non-profit space agencies

Non-profit space agencies include:
* Arizona State University, Milo Space Science Institute (United States)
* Celestrak.org (United States)
* Center for the Advancement of Science in Space (United States)
* International Space Science Institute (Switzerland)
* KAIST Satellite Technology Research Center (South Korea)
* Mars Institute (United States)
* Space Foundation (United States)
* The Planetary Society (United States)
* WARR (TUM), Technical University of Munich (Germany)
* SpaceIL (Israel)
* SpaceU (Poland)
* Libre Space Foundation (Greece)
# Gabriel Sherman

Gabriel Sherman (born 1978 or 1979) is an American journalist and author. He has contributed to Vanity Fair and New York magazine and written books. In 2014, he published a biography about Fox News Channel president Roger Ailes called The Loudest Voice in the Room: How the Brilliant, Bombastic Roger Ailes Built Fox News – and Divided a Country, which debuted at #9 on The New York Times Bestseller list.

## Early life and education

Gabriel Sherman grew up in Westport, Connecticut, the son of Raechelle Beth Kriger Thedinga and Leonard Sherman. His mother is a dietitian and nutritionist, and his father, a retired partner with Accenture, subsequently became an adjunct professor of marketing at Columbia Business School. He has written for The New York Observer and for New York magazine where he was a contributing editor. He is a graduate of Middlebury College in Middlebury, Vermont.

## Career

Sherman is a special correspondent for Vanity Fair. He has been a national-affairs editor for New York magazine, and he is a regular contributor to NBC News and MSNBC.

### The Loudest Voice in the Room

SF Gate called his biography of Roger Ailes, the founder and longtime chairman and CEO of Fox News, Fox Television Stations and 20th Television, The Loudest Voice in the Room, "classic in a subgenre that might be called Enraged TV Executives Throwing Things." Sherman interviewed 600 people for the book, but did not have an interview with Ailes himself. Sherman portrays Ailes' leadership of Fox News as "absolute". Ken Kurson wrote that the Ze'ev Chafets' biography, Roger Ailes: Off Camera, released before Sherman's book, "does a better job penetrating the psyche of Mr. Ailes (Mr. Chafets had extensive access to the wizard), and Mr. Sherman’s book does a better job depicting the phenomenon of Fox News and its cultural meaning." Fox News has denied many of the events depicted in the book. The book led to a number of media reports about Fox and its culture. Jay Ambrose said that readers "should also not worry yourself to death about" The Loudest Voice in the Room because Ailes is a "fascinating if endlessly castigated man whose direction of Fox News divided nothing."
His book was turned into a miniseries, The Loudest Voice, starring Russell Crowe as Ailes. In the show, Sherman was played by Fran Kranz.

### The Apprentice (2024 film)

In May 2018, it was announced that Sherman would write the screenplay for the film The Apprentice. The film, which had its world premiere at the 77th Cannes Film Festival on May 20, 2024 and was nominated for a Palme d'Or, examines Donald Trump's career as a real estate businessman in New York in the 1970s and 1980s.

## Personal life

In 2011, Sherman married Jennifer Stahl in a Jewish ceremony. Stahl is an editor at ProPublica. Formerly, she was a fact-checker at The New Yorker magazine. She is a graduate of Princeton University and was a Fulbright Scholar in classical and German literature at Freie Universität Berlin in Germany, from 2004 to 2005. As of 2018, Sherman lives in New York City.
# Nikola Janović

Nikola Janović (Montenegrin: Никола Јановић; born 22 March 1980) is a Montenegrin water polo player and the former Minister of Sports and Youth of Montenegro. He was one of the best water polo player in the world. He was a captain of the Montenegro men's national water polo team and a World and European champion with SRJ, Serbia and Montenegro, and Montenegro (2001, 2005, 2008) . He is a member of the Parliament of Montenegro.
Janović is the elder brother of Mlađan Janović.
In 2012, Janović was part of the Montenegrin water polo team that once again reached the semi-finals of the Olympic men's water polo competition.

## Career

Janović played for PVK Primorac (1994–1998), VK Crvena zvezda (1998–2000), VK Bečej (2000–2001), PVK Primorac (2001–2004), PVK Jadran (2004–2006), CN Posillipo (2006–2009), PVK Jadran (2009–2011) and VK Jug (2011–2016).
# Akiko (film)

Akiko is a 1961 Italian comedy film written and directed by Luigi Filippo D'Amico.

## Plot

In Rome, Mrs. Ottavia Colasanto has not had news of her husband since he went to Japan eighteen years ago. She is considered practically a widow. One day, a very beautiful young Japanese girl arrives. She notifies the Colasanto family that she is the biological daughter of Ottavia's (presumably) deceased husband.

## Cast

* Akiko Wakabayashi as Akiko
* Pierre Brice as Duilio
* Marisa Merlini as Ottavia Colasanto
* Memmo Carotenuto as Armando Piffero
* Vicky Ludovisi [it] as Anita Colasanto
* Valeria Fabrizi as Tosca
* Andrea Checchi as Sor Egisto
* Marcello Paolini as Serse Colasanto
* Giacomo Furia as Peppe, aka "Er Campanaro"
* Giuseppe Chinnici as the commissioner
* Mario Meniconi [it] as the referee in the ring
* Paolo Ferrari as "Terzo Braccio"
* Paolo Panelli as Felice
* Carlo Taranto
* Giancarlo Zarfati [it] as little boy asking for a cigarette
* Francesco Sormano [it]
* Ettore Zamperini
* Luigi Moneta [it]
* Roberto Ceccacci [it]
* Nino Fuscagni [it]
# Kenny Shoemaker

Kenneth "Kenny" Shoemaker (September 7, 1929 - March 22, 2001) was an American dirt modified racing driver. Known as "The Shoe", he was a hired gun who piloted 78 different cars to over 150 wins, usually at venues within driving distance of his home because of his full-time job.

## Racing career

Kenny Shoemaker chipped in with boyhood pal Pete Corey in 1949 to buy a 1934 coupe and make it into a stock car. They numbered the black racer number 35 to represent the purchase price and began racing at Burden Lake Speedway NY. During his career he competed successfully at the renowned tracks of the northeast, including Albany-Saratoga Speedway NY, Fonda Speedway NY, Langhorne Speedway NY, Monroe County Fairgrounds NY, the Syracuse Mile NY, Utica-Rome Speedway NY, and Victoria Speedway, NY.
Kenny Shoemaker was inducted into the Northeast Dirt Modified and the New York State Stock Car Association Halls of Fame.
# Bear Garden Mountain

Bear Garden Mountain is a forested mountain ridge of the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians in Hampshire County, West Virginia and Frederick County, Virginia.

## Geography

Bear Garden Mountain runs southwest–northeast from its northern terminus at Bear Garden run in northern Frederick County to its southern terminus at Mill Branch creek in Hampshire County, near Capon Bridge. A 2.5-mile (4.0 km) stretch of the ridge, starting 3 miles (4.8 km) south of its northern terminus, serves as the Virginia-West Virginia border.
The mountain is bisected by the Northwestern Turnpike (U.S. Route 50) to the east of Capon Bridge and by the Bloomery Pike (West Virginia Route 127/State Route 127) at Good.
# Jorge Moreau

Jorge Moreau (1 February 1908 – 8 December 1959) was an Argentine swimmer. He competed in the men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay event at the 1924 Summer Olympics and the water polo tournament at the 1928 Summer Olympics.
# Michael Harris (music executive)

Michael R. "Harry-O" Harris (born September 20, 1960) is an American hip hop music industry executive, entrepreneur, and social activist. Harris received a 28-year prison sentence in 1987 for crack dealing, kidnapping, and attempted murder. While in prison, Harris co-founded Death Row Records. Harris was granted clemency in 2021 by President Donald Trump. Harris is the chief operating officer of the newly-formed Death Row Records and has founded multiple activist organizations.

## Drug dealing and incarceration

Harris worked odd jobs and attended West Los Angeles Community College while studying marketing and business. Harris dropped out of school and quit his job before his 20th birthday, and began selling crack cocaine in his native Los Angeles. Within 5 years, Harris built a large, national drug operation working with his brother David, using gangs including both the Bloods and Crips and the Cali Cartel. The network brought in almost $2 million daily. Harris invested some of the proceeds into multiple, legitimate Los Angeles businesses. These included a deli, beauty salon, limousine service, an electrical company, and a theatrical production company involved in the 1988 play Checkmates which marked Denzel Washington's Broadway debut. In 1987, Harris received a 28-year prison sentence for the kidnapping and attempted murder of James Lester, a distant relative and member of the drug ring. While incarerated, Harris became editor-in-chief of the San Quentin News.

## Death Row Records

In the fall of 1991, Harris states he introduced his lawyer, David Kenner, to Suge Knight. Harris states he invested $1.5 million to co-found Godfather Entertainment with Knight, inclusive of the Death Row division. As it is illegal for a prisoner to run a business, Harris described his role as a "consultant" to his wife Lydia's role in the business. Knight disputes the substance of this financing story, instead stating the source of funding included Sony, Interscope, and Time Warner. Death Row subsequently generated hundreds of million of dollars in sales.
Death Row Records filed for bankruptcy in April 2006 and was auctioned to WIDEawake Entertainment for $18 million on January 15, 2009. After changing hands multiple times, Snoop Dogg purchased Death Row in 2022.

## Clemency and activism

Harris campaigned for early release from prison, after disavowing his prior criminal behavior and starting multiple educational programs in prison. On January 20, 2021, Harris's sentence was commuted by President Donald Trump. In October 2024, Harris endorsed Donald Trump in the 2024 United States presidential election.
Harris serves as chief operating officer of the newly formed Death Row Records, which is run by Snoop Dogg. As of 2024, Harris was working with Denzel Washington and Snoop Dogg on a documentary of his life by Death Row Films.
Harris's non-profit Our Community First Action drew praise from Donald Trump. Harris also established Philanthropy TV, focused on both national and international philanthropy.

## Personal life

Harris and wife Lydia divorced in 2005. Lydia has sung under the name Ms. Lydia. They have one daughter.
# Perkins-Bill House

The Perkins-Bill House is a historic house at 1040 Long Cove Road in the Gales Ferry section of Ledyard, Connecticut. Built circa 1775 by Solomon Perkins, Sr., it is locally significant as a well-preserved gambrel-roofed Cape of the period, and for the role played by Perkins, his son Solomon, Jr., and Benjamin Bill, Jr., the house's next owner, in the American Revolutionary War. All three were defenders of the fort in Groton that was attacked by British forces under the overall command of Benedict Arnold in the 1781 Battle of Groton Heights. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

## Description and history

The Perkins-Bill House is located on the north side of a rural stretch of Long Cove Road, west of Connecticut Route 12. It is a 1+1⁄2-story gambrel-roofed Cape, five bays wide, with a central chimney and three gable-roofed dormers. A recessed ell extends from the northeast end of the main block. The house is oriented with its facade facing roughly southeast, perpendicular to the street, with the foundation of a barn between it and the street. The interior follows a typical central chimney plan, with a narrow entrance vestibule, parlors to either side of the chimney, and the kitchen behind. Interior finishes date from the house's construction to the early 19th century, including modest Federal and Greek Revival elements.
The house was built sometime between 1773 and 1777 by John Jones. The house was built using sawn lumber, and the nearby sawmill was only established in 1773, and the house was sold by Jones to Solomon Perkins Sr. and his son in 1777. The Perkinses operated the mill, but wounds the elder Perkins suffered in the Battle of Groton Heights may have limited his ability to operate it, and it was foreclosed in 1783. It was purchased after the foreclosure by Benjamin Bill, who was, like the Perkinses, part of the militia in the Revolutionary War battle. Subsequent owners, the Stoddards, held the property for many years.