# Attleboro, Massachusetts

Attleboro is a city in Bristol County, Massachusetts, United States. It was once known as "The Jewelry Capital of the World" for its many jewelry manufacturers. According to the 2020 census, Attleboro had a population of 46,461.
Attleboro is the fourth-largest municipality in Bristol County, Behind New Bedford, Fall River, and Taunton. It became a city in 1914 after being a town for over 200 years.

## History

In 1634, English settlers first arrived in the territory that is now Attleboro. The deed that granted them the land was written by Native American Wamsutta. The land. It included the towns of Cumberland, Rhode Island, until 1747 and North Attleborough, Massachusetts, until 1887. In 1697 in response to an unwanted amount of disturbances, mainly from nearby tribes of natives, the town had a meeting and ended up deciding that selectmen would keep tabs on strangers and foreigners as well as banning certain ones from entering the town. The town was reincorporated in 1914 as the City of Attleboro, with the "-ugh" removed from the name, although North Attleborough kept it. Like many towns in Massachusetts, it was named after a British town, in this case a market town in Norfolk, England.
During the Native American insurgency in the colonial era, Nathaniel Woodcock, the son of an Attleborough resident, was murdered, and his head was placed on a pole in his father's front yard. His father's house is now a historical site. It is rumored that George Washington once passed through Attleborough and stayed near the Woodcock Garrison House at the Hatch Tavern, where he exchanged a shoe buckle with Israel Hatch, a revolutionary soldier and the new owner of the Garrison House.
The city became known for jewelry manufacturing in 1913, particularly because of the L.G. Balfour Company. That company has since moved out of the city, and the site of the former plant has been converted into a riverfront park. Attleboro was once known as "The Jewelry Capital of the World", and jewelry manufacturing firms continue to operate there. One such is the Guyot Brothers Company, which was started in 1904. General Findings, M.S. Company, James A. Murphy Co., Garlan Chain, Leach & Garner, and Masters of Design are jewelry manufacturing companies still in operation.

### Cancer cluster

In late 2003, The Sun Chronicle reported that a state investigation had been launched into the deaths of three women in the city from glioblastoma. In 2007, the State of Massachusetts issued a report concluding that although the diagnosis rate for brain and central nervous system (CNS) cancers was higher than expected when compared to statewide data, the increase was determined not to be statistically significant.
Scorecard, Environmental Defense's online database of polluters, lists seven facilities contributing to cancer hazards in Attleboro, including Engineered Materials Solutions Inc., the worst offender in Massachusetts.

#### Shpack Landfill contamination incident

In 2002, the Massachusetts Public Health Department was asked to evaluate the former Shpack Landfill, on the border of Norton and Attleboro, for its cancer risks. The investigation continued at least through 2004. The informal landfill included uranium fuel rods, heavy metals, and volatile organic compounds.

## Geography

Attleboro has an area of 27.772 square miles (71.930 km$^2$), of which 26.779 square miles (69.356 km$^2$) is land and 0.994 square miles (2.574 km$^2$), or 3.59%, is water. Its borders form an irregular polygon that resembles a truncated triangle pointing west. It is bordered by North Attleborough to the north, Mansfield and Norton to the east, Rehoboth, Seekonk, and Pawtucket, Rhode Island, to the south, and Cumberland, Rhode Island, to the west, as well as sharing a short border with Central Falls, Rhode Island through the Blackstone River. It includes the areas known as City Center, Briggs Corner, West Attleboro, East Corner, East Attleboro, North Corner, Maple Square, Camp Hebron, Oak Hill, Dodgeville, East Junction, Hebronville, Park Square, and South Attleboro.
Waterways in the city include the Ten Mile River, fed by the Bungay River, the Manchester Pond Reservoir, and several small ponds.
Attleboro's highest point is 249-foot (76 m) Oak Hill, in the southern part of the city, north of Oak Hill Avenue.
Attleboro is on the border between the Massachusetts and Rhode Island regional dialects of New England English: the eastern part of the city is in the same dialect region as Boston, and the western part in the same dialect region as Providence.

## Demographics

Attleboro is part of the Providence metropolitan area. It is a short distance from Boston, and is linked to the Boston metropolitan area.
As of the 2010 census, there were 43,593 people, 16,884 households, and 11,212 families living in the city; the population density was 1,626.6 inhabitants per square mile (628.0/km$^2$). There were 18,022 housing units at an average density of 672.5 per square mile (259.7/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 87.1% White, 3.0% African American, 0.2% Native American, 4.5% Asian (1.5% Cambodian,1.3% Indian, 0.4% Chinese, 0.4% Vietnamese) 0.1% Pacific Islander, 2.8% some other race, and 2.2% from two or more races. Hispanic and Latino people of any race made up 6.3% of the total (2.0% Puerto Rican, 1.7% Guatemalan, 0.5% Mexican, 0.4% Salvadoran, 0.3% Dominican, 0.2% Colombian). Most of the Hispanic and Asian populations were concentrated in the eastern portion.
Of the 16,884 households, 33.3% had someone under the age of 18 living with them, 50.1% were headed by married couples living together, 11.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 33.6% were non-families, 26.4% were individuals, and 9.8% were people aged 65 or older living alone. The average size of household was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.11.
The age distribution in the city was: 22.7% under 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 28.0% from 45 to 64, and 12.9% over 64. The median age was 39.5 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.5 males. For every 100 females aged 18 and over, there were 93.3 males.
For the period 2009–2011, the estimated median annual income for a household in the city was $63,647, and the median income for a family was $71,091. Male full-time workers had a median income of $52,558, females $40,954. Per capita income was $30,039. About 4.2% of families and 6.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.4% of those under 18 and 7.8% of those aged 65 or over.

## Economy
### Revitalization efforts

In 2011, Attleboro was awarded $5.4 million in state and federal funding to support revitalization efforts in its historic downtown area. The funds were intended to transform underutilized industrial and commercial parcels into areas of mixed use that included commercial, recreational, and residential space, as well as improvements to MBTA rail and GATRA bus services, and road improvements.

## Arts and culture
### Attractions

Attleboro has four museums.
* The Attleboro Arts Museum
* The Attleboro Area Industrial Museum,
* The Women at Work Museum
* The Museum at the Mill.
Other places of interest in the city include:
* Capron Park Zoo;
* L.G. Balfour Riverwalk, which was once the site of the L.G. Balfour jewelry plant, adjacent to the downtown business district
* La Salette Shrine, which has a display of Christmas lights, as well as one of the largest museums of Nativity scenes in North America
* Oak Knoll Wildlife Sanctuary, 75 acres owned by the Massachusetts Audubon Society with a visitor center
* Triboro Youth Theatre / Triboro Musical Theatre;
* Attleboro Community Theatre; *Dodgeville Mill.
* Skyroc Brewery
* Attleboro Farmers Market
In 2017, Attleboro began hosting the annual Jewelry City Steampunk Festival.

### The National Shrine of Our Lady of La Salette

In 1942, the Missionaries of La Salette purchased 135 acres (0.55 km$^2$) and a castle in Attleboro for use as a seminary. The shrine opened to the public in 1953 with a Christmas manger display. The annual Christmas Festival of Lights has grown to 300,000 lights and attracts about 250,000 visitors each year. A devastating fire destroyed the castle on November 5, 1999. A new welcome center opened in 2007 which includes a 600-seat concert hall. In addition to the Christmas Festival, the shrine offers programs, concerts, workshops and events throughout the year. The grounds also include Our Lady's Chapel of Lights, an outdoor chapel, and a church.

## Parks and recreation

There are over 20 conservation areas amounting to more than 600 acres of walkable woods: the Antony Lawrence Preserve, Coleman Reservation, Attleboro Springs, and the Bungay River Conservation Area in the north of the city.

## Government
### Municipal

Attleboro has a mayor-council government. The city council acts as the legislative body, and the mayor handles traditional day-to-day chief executive functions. City councilors can run as either a representative of a city ward or at large. There are 11 councilors: five at-large and six ward councilors. The mayor is former City Councilor At-Large Cathleen DeSimone. The president of the Municipal Council is Jay DiLisio and the vice president is Todd Kobus. City Clerk Kate Jackson serves as clerk of the Municipal Council and Virginia Stuart is the administrative assistant.

#### Mayor

Cathleen DeSimone

#### Council Members

* James Dilisio, At-Large
* Ty Waterman, At-Large
* Jonathan Tavares, At-Large
* Laurie Sawyer, At-Large
* Nicholas Lavoie, At-Large
* Sara Lynn Reynolds, Ward 1
* Pamela Foa, Ward 2
* Todd Kobus, Ward 3
* Michael Angelo, Ward 4
* Laura Dolan, Ward 5
* Diana Holmes, Ward 6

### State and federal

Attleboro is represented in the state legislature by officials elected from the following districts:
* Massachusetts Senate's Bristol and Norfolk district
* Massachusetts Senate's Norfolk, Bristol and Middlesex district
* Massachusetts House of Representatives' 2nd Bristol district
* Massachusetts House of Representatives' 14th Bristol district
Elected members:
* Massachusetts House of Representatives: Adam Scanlon (D) and Jim Hawkins (D)
* Massachusetts Senate: Paul Feeney (D)
* United States House of Representatives: Jake Auchincloss (D-MA-04)
* United States Senate: Elizabeth Warren (D) and Ed Markey (D)
Attleboro presidential election results :
| Year | Democratic | Republican | Third parties | Total Votes | Margin |
| 2024 | 54.65% 12,675 | 43.14% 10,007 | 2.21% 513 | 23,195 | 11.51% |
| 2020 | 58.00% 13,661 | 39.36% 9,272 | 2.64% 622 | 23,555 | 18.63% |
| 2016 | 51.45% 10,518 | 41.93% 8,571 | 6.62% 1,353 | 20,442 | 9.52% |
| 2012 | 54.18% 10,502 | 43.70% 8,470 | 2.13% 412 | 19,384 | 10.48% |
| 2008 | 55.33% 10,523 | 42.08% 8,003 | 2.59% 492 | 19,018 | 13.25% |
| 2004 | 55.25% 9,857 | 43.24% 7,714 | 1.52% 271 | 17,842 | 12.01% |
| 2000 | 56.95% 8,924 | 36.24% 5,679 | 6.81% 1,067 | 15,670 | 20.71% |
| 1996 | 55.92% 7,956 | 29.93% 4,258 | 14.16% 2,014 | 14,228 | 25.99% |
| 1992 | 38.81% 5,831 | 31.81% 4,779 | 29.37% 4,413 | 15,023 | 7.00% |
| 1988 | 44.01% 6,199 | 54.94% 7,739 | 1.06% 149 | 14,087 | 10.93% |
| 1984 | 35.82% 4,524 | 63.66% 8,041 | 0.52% 66 | 12,631 | 27.84% |
| 1980 | 35.08% 4,376 | 47.29% 5,899 | 17.62% 2,198 | 12,473 | 12.21% |
| 1976 | 49.05% 6,073 | 47.68% 5,903 | 3.27% 405 | 12,381 | 1.37% |
| 1972 | 45.73% 5,934 | 53.69% 6,968 | 0.58% 75 | 12,977 | 7.97% |
| 1968 | 56.19% 6,924 | 39.44% 4,860 | 4.37% 539 | 12,323 | 16.75% |
| 1964 | 72.04% 8,744 | 27.64% 3,355 | 0.31% 38 | 12,137 | 44.40% |
| 1960 | 50.80% 6,402 | 49.08% 6,186 | 0.12% 15 | 12,603 | 1.71% |
| 1956 | 28.45% 3,270 | 71.37% 8,204 | 0.18% 21 | 11,495 | 42.92% |
| 1952 | 35.88% 4,265 | 63.88% 7,593 | 0.24% 28 | 11,886 | 28.00% |
| 1948 | 45.50% 4,824 | 53.45% 5,667 | 1.05% 111 | 10,602 | 7.95% |
| 1944 | 44.90% 4,412 | 54.91% 5,396 | 0.19% 19 | 9,827 | 10.01% |
| 1940 | 45.96% 4,784 | 53.54% 5,574 | 0.50% 52 | 10,410 | 7.59% |

## Education

Attleboro's school district, Attleboro Public Schools, has five elementary schools (Hill-Roberts, Hyman Fine, A. Irvin Studley, Peter Thacher and Thomas Willett), three middle schools (Brennan, Coelho and Wamsutta), and two high schools (Attleboro High School, and Attleboro Community Academy). Attleboro High School has its own vocational division, and its football team (the "Blue Bombardiers") has a traditional rivalry with North Attleborough High School, whom they play in their Thanksgiving Day football game. Attleboro Community Academy is a night school for students aged 16–25 to obtain their high school diplomas and could not function in traditional high school. Bishop Feehan High School is a co-educational Roman Catholic high school that opened in 1961 and is named for Bishop Daniel Francis Feehan, second Bishop of the Diocese of Fall River. The city also has a satellite branch of Bristol Community College, formerly housed in the city's former high school building but since relocated to an old Texas Instruments site. Bridgewater State University opened a satellite site in Attleboro in 2009, sharing space with Bristol Community College.

### Attleboro High School

The former high school building was built in the 1960s, and added wings in several renovations throughout the years. The city of Attleboro voted on whether to build a new school or renovate the building, and "reached an agreement to put proceeds from the sale toward the cost of a new high school before the $260 million was approved by voters last spring." The sale of the first Attleboro High School built in 1912 on County Street gave the city funds for the new building. The new Attleboro High School opened in 2022.

## Infrastructure
### Transportation

Attleboro is beside Interstate 95 (which enters the state between Attleboro and Pawtucket, Rhode Island), I-295 (whose northern terminus is near the North Attleborough town line at I-95), US Route 1, and Routes 1A, 118, 123 and 152, the last three of which intersect at Attleboro center. The proposed Interstate 895 was to run through Attleboro and have a junction at the present day I-295/I-95 terminus. When driving from Rhode Island on I-295, the stub exits before the half-cloverleaf exit to I-95.
The city is home to two MBTA commuter rail stations: one in the downtown area and one in the South Attleboro district, near the Rhode Island border. Attleboro and Taunton are both served by the Greater Attleboro Taunton Regional Transit Authority, or GATRA, which provides bus transit between the two cities and the surrounding regions.

## Notable people

* Artine Artinian (1907–2005), scholar of French literature
* Cathy Berberian (1925–1983), composer, mezzo-soprano singer, and vocalist born in Attleboro
* Roger Bowen (1932–1996), comedic actor known for his portrayal of Lt. Col. Henry Blake in the 1970 film MASH; co-founder of comedy troupe The Second City
* George Bradburn (1806–1880), an American politician and Unitarian minister in Massachusetts, known for his support for abolitionism and women's rights
* Jonathan P. Braga (b.1969) United States Army lieutenant general
* Geoff Cameron (born 1985), soccer player
* Horace Capron (1804–1885), Union Army officer during the Civil War and later an agricultural advisor to Japan; his methods revolutionized Japanese agriculture
* David Cobb (1748–1830), major general of the Continental Army, speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, United States Congressman from Massachusetts
* Ray Conniff (1916–2002), Easy listening recording artist
* Mark Coogan (born 1966), coach and retired American track athlete, first Massachusetts native to run the mile in under four minutes, placing 41st with a time of 2:20:27, after placing second in the U.S. Olympic Trials Marathon with at time of 2:13:05
* David Daggett (1764–1851), United States Senator, associate justice of Connecticut Supreme Court, mayor of New Haven, Connecticut, and a founder of the Yale Law School
* Naphtali Daggett (1727–1780), Presbyterian clergyman, professor of divinity at Yale University, fought in the American Revolutionary War
* Gilbert Franklin (1919–2004), American sculptor, educator
* Paul G. Gaffney II, President, Monmouth University, US Navy Vice Admiral (Ret.), former Chief of Naval Research, President of National Defense University
* Steve Hagerty, 21st Mayor of Evanston, IL, and Founder and CEO of Hagerty Consulting, Inc
* Thomas Hobson, American actor, singer; Best known for his role as Shout in The Fresh Beat Band
* William Manchester (1922–2004), historian and biographer, author of The Death of a President
* Jonathan Maxcy (1768–1820), Baptist clergyman and president of Brown University
* Virgil Maxcy (1785–1844), member of the Maryland House of Delegates and the Maryland State Senate, later first solicitor of the treasury and chargé d'affaires at the United States embassy in Belgium
* Christian Petersen (1885–1961), sculptor who worked as a die-cutter in Attleboro
* Helen Watson Phelps (1864–1944), painter
* Daniel Read (1757–1836), composer, who published 400 hymns in several collections
* Robert Rounseville (1914–1974), operatic tenor, who appeared in the films The Tales of Hoffmann and Carousel, and onstage in the original productions of the musicals Candide and Man of La Mancha
* Ken Ryan (born 1968), former pitcher for the Boston Red Sox and Philadelphia Phillies.
* Howard Smith (1893–1968), American actor, singer
* Abby Trott, voice actress and singer best known as the voice of Nezuko Kamado in the English dubs of Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba and Demon Slayer: Kimetsu no Yaiba – The Movie: Mugen Train, and Ivy in Carmen Sandiego.
* Robert A. Weygand (born 1948), U.S. representative
* Emory Rounds. Attorney and government ethics official-born in Attleboro. In 2018, he was appointed director of the United States Office of Government Ethics.