OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Recalcitrant seed

Recalcitrant seeds are seeds that do not survive drying and freezing during ex situ conservation. By and large, these seeds cannot resist the effects of drying or temperatures less than 10 °C (50 °F); thus, they cannot be stored for long periods like orthodox seeds because they can lose their viability. Plants that produce recalcitrant seeds include avocado, mango, mangosteen, lychee, cocoa, rubber tree, some horticultural trees, aquatic plants such as Nymphaea caerulea, and several plants used in traditional medicine, such as species of Virola and Pentaclethra. Generally speaking, most tropical pioneer species have orthodox seeds but many climax species have recalcitrant or intermediate seeds.

## Mechanisms of damage

The two main mechanisms causing damage to recalcitrant seeds are desiccation effects on the intracellular structures and metabolic damage from the formation of toxic chemicals such as free radicals. An example of the first type of damage would be found in some recalcitrant nontropical hardwood seeds, specifically the acorns of recalcitrant oaks, which can be stored in a non-frozen state for up to two years provided that precautions are taken against drying. These seeds show deterioration of cell membrane lipids and proteins after as few as 3–4 days of drying. Other recalcitrant seeds, such as those of the sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa), show oxidative damage resulting from uncontrolled metabolism occurring during the drying process.

## Storage

Preservation of recalcitrant seeds remains experimental. Some approaches include:
* Removal of the embryo inside for cryopreservation (liquid nitrogen).
* Cryopreservation of the whole seed in an anti-freezing solution.
Intermediate seeds are between orthodox and recalcitrant seeds in their survivability. They are initially identified by their inability to survive conventional dry-freezing storage while being able to survive cryopreservation as a whole. The storage guideline is to put them in refrigeration at 45–65% RH, for a maximum of five years.
# Ocala Platform

The Ocala Platform or Ocala Uplift is a geologic feature, a structural high, and a northwest-trending uplift paralleling the Peninsular Arch along the west coast of Florida.

## Age

Period: Neogene Epoch: Early Late Oligocene through Pliocene Faunal stage: Chattian through early Blancan ~23.03 to ~2.588 mya, calculates to a period of 20.442 million years

## Origin

The Ocala Platform was originally named by Hopkins in 1920. Due to the uncertainty of its creation, T. M. Scott used the term "platform" in place of "uplift" or "arch". This geologic feature was described as a gentle flexure developed in Tertiary sediments with a northwest–southeast trending crest by Vernon in 1951.
The Ocala Platform was created during two episodes. The first occurred during the Late Oligocene through Early Miocene and the second episode occurred in Early Pliocene and into Late Pleistocene according to Williams et al. This movement created the feature referred to as the Ocala Uplift. It has been suggested that the uplift was a pre-Hawthorn Group occurrence (Pirkle & Brooks 1959a).
Sediments of the Hawthorn Group are thought to have been deposited across the Ocala Platform (Scott, 1981a; Scott, 1988). Erosion after the Miocene has removed sediments of the Hawthorn Group from much of the crest of the Ocala Platform. This has exposed Eocene carbonates which could confuse dating. (Cooke, 1945; Espenshade and Spencer, 1963; Brooks, 1966; and Scott, 1981b).

## Structure

Fluctuating sea levels during the Neogene has created three marine terraces.
* Wicomico terrace (70–100 feet)
* Sunderland/Okefenokee terrace (100–175 feet)
* Coharie terrace (170–215 feet)
# Redemption (Hurts song)

"Redemption" is a song by English musical duo Hurts from their fifth studio album, Faith (2020). It was released on July 16, 2020, as the third single from the album. The duo wrote and produced the song. The track became an unexpected radio hit in Russia, where it reached number one in April 2021.

## Composition

Regarding the song, Theo Hutchcraft declared to NME: “It’s a song about fear and doubt. It emerged as a beautiful moment of clarity during one of the most troubled periods of making the album.” For the same publication, Adam Anderson called the track “a perfect storm of everything we do well individually, coming together in one moment”.

## Track listing

* Digital download
* "Redemption" – 4:18
* Digital download – Kolya Funk Remix
* "Redemption" (Kolya Funk Remix) – 2:39

## Charts
### Weekly charts

Weekly chart performance for "Redemption" :
| Chart (2021) | Peak position |
| CIS (TopHit) | 4 |
| Russia Airplay (TopHit) | 1 |
| Ukraine Airplay (TopHit) | 18 |

### Year-end charts

Year-end chart performance for "Redemption" :
| Chart (2021) | Position |
| CIS (TopHit) | 21 |
| Russia Airplay (TopHit) | 13 |
| Ukraine Airplay (TopHit) | 62 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Version | Label |
| United Kingdom | July 16, 2020 | Digital downloadstreaming | Original | Lento |
| CIS | July 27, 2020 | Airplay | Original | Warner Music Russia |
| Russia | October 23, 2020 | Digital downloadstreaming | Kolya Funk Remix | Warner Music Russia |
# Redemption (Chris Volz album)

Redemption is the debut solo album by Chris Volz (Flaw, Five.Bolt.Main), released on September 11, 2007. The album's first single is the title track "Redemption". The album sold approximately 700 copies in its first week of release.

## Track listing

* "Redemption" – 3:39
* "Altercation" – 2:46
* "All My Life" – 3:20
* "Wrong" – 2:37
* "Your Own Medicine" – 3:40
* "Once Again" – 4:47
* "Sometimes" – 4:11
* "Secure" – 3:16
* "Dear Life" – 4:31
* "Stories of Old" – 3:33
* "Don't Save Me" – 3:16

## Personnel

* Chris Volz – vocals, guitar (1)
* Matt Chiaravalle – producer, guitar, percussion
* Tom Derr – executive producer
* Susan Mitchell – violin, viola, and cello (7, 11)
* Johnny Pisano – bass guitar (2, 4, 6-11)
* Danny Schuler – drums (1, 3, 5)
* Chad Smalley – drums (2, 4, 6-11)
* Michael Spiewak – acoustic guitar (7)
* Jason Spiewak – producer, piano, keyboards, percussion
* Chris Vitali – bass guitar (1, 3, 5)
# Motorcycle Mama

"Motorcycle Mama" is a song written by John Wyker and performed by Sailcat. It reached #12 on both the U.S. pop chart and the U.S. adult contemporary chart in 1972 and was featured on their 1972 album Motorcycle Mama.
Produced by Pete Carr, the song ranked #89 on Billboard magazine's Top 100 singles of 1972.

## Charts

| Chart (1971) | Peak position |
| Australia (Kent Music Report) | 64 |
| Canada (RPM) | 14 |
| United States (Billboard Hot 100) | 12 |

## Other versions

* The Sugarcubes, on the 1990 compilation album Rubáiyát: Elektra's 40th Anniversary.
# Motorhellington

Motorhellington is the third album by the Italian band Zu, which appear in Roy Paci on trumpet and backing vocals and Eugene Chadbourne on guitar and vocals.

## Track list

* Iron Man – 8:45
* The Robots – 5:29
* Chain of Fools – 7:07
* Boogie Stop Shuffle – 8:18
* Corcovado – 7:16
* Pushin' Too Hard – 5:22
* Sex Machine – 6:37
* Sacrifice – 3:06
# Supur, Birbhum

Supur is a village under Raipur-Supur gram panchayat in Bolpur Sriniketan CD block in Bolpur subdivision of Birbhum district, West Bengal, India.

## History

As per mythology, in ancient times, Supur was the capital of Raja Surath. Some 150 years ago or a little earlier, Supur and Surul were better known places than Bolpur, then a small village, and Shantiniketan did not exist.

## Geography
### Location

Supur is located at 23°37′37″N 87°40′53″E﻿ / ﻿23.627022°N 87.681472°E﻿ / 23.627022; 87.681472.

## Demographics

As per the 2011 Census of India, Supur had a total population of 1,803 of which 910 (50%) were males and 893 (50%) were females. Population below 6 years was 220. The total number of literates in Supur was 1,096 (69.24% of the population over 6 years).

## Transport

Supur is on National Highway 114.

## Culture

As seen in the photograph (alongside) there are two Shiva temples at Supur, referred to as twin Shiva temples. David J. McCutchion mentions that one of them is a 19th century ridged rekha deul, with rich terracotta decoration on all sides. The other one is a rekha deul with ridged turrets.

## Healthcare

There is a primary health centre at Supur (with 10 beds).
# Northeast Coast campaign (1677)

The Northeast Coast campaign of 1677 was conducted during the First Abenaki War (the northern theatre of King Philips War) and involved the Wabanaki Confederacy raiding colonial American settlements along the New England Colonies/Acadia border in present-day Maine. The Wabanaki killed and captured colonists and burned many farms, blunting the tide of colonial American expansion.

## Historical context

Jean-Vincent d'Abbadie de Saint-Castin was ordered by the Governor of Quebec to organize all the natives "throughout the whole colony of Acadia to adopt the interests of the king of France.” Historian Georges Salagnac writes that, “One may reasonably suppose that Saint-Castin began to exercise his talents as a military counsellor on the occasion of this war.” The people of Boston thought Castine was influencing the Wabanaki strategy and supplying them with superior equipment. The campaign of 1676 followed the Northeast Coast campaign (1675).

## The campaign

In February 1677, for the second time, Richard Waldron betrayed the Wabanaki by offering a peace conference in which he disarmed and seized the native leaders. This event led to the first migration of Abenaki to St. Francis (Odanak). In April Simon raided York and Wells, killing ten New England colonists.
On May 14, 1677, the settlers having returned, Chief Mugg Hegone and his forces again laid siege to present-day Scarborough. The siege lasted three days, the Wabanaki killed three soldiers and captured a fourth. On the third day, Mugg was killed and the Wabanaki militia then ended the siege. They then went on to raid York and Wells again, killing seven. As they withdrew, they again raided York on June 29, 1677, the Wabanaki militia ambushed a large force of American soldiers and their native allies near Scarborough. The Wabanaki killed 60 men in total. That summer the Wabanaki stole 20 fishing boats off Maine.
On July 18, 1677, at Port La Tour, Nova Scotia, about 80 Mi’kmaq attacked 26 New England fishermen who were in five fishing vessels. The natives boarded the vessels, stripped the men of their clothing, tied them up, leaving them on deck until nightfall, when they commanded them to set sail towards Penobscot River, in Maine (close to Castine). A few hours later, while still in harbour, the captain was able to regain control of the natives. While some natives escaped, the New Englanders imprisoned some of the natives, taking them to Marblehead, Massachusetts where they were tortured and stoned to death by a group of women.
Retaliatory raids by the colonists on native villages were unsuccessful.

## Afterward

The war ended the following year with signing of the Treaty of Casco (1678) at Fort Charles, Pemaquid.
# 1825 in France

Events from the year 1825 in France.

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Charles X
* Prime Minister – Joseph de Villèle

## Events

* January - Anti-Sacrilege Act, law against blasphemy and sacrilege passed under King Charles X. The law is never applied (except for a minor point).
* 17 April - Charles X recognizes Haiti, 21 years after it expelled the French after the successful Haitian Revolution.
* 29 May - Coronation of Charles X in Reims. This was the only coronation following the Bourbon Restoration and the last ever to take place.
* Franco-Trarzan War of 1825, conflict between the forces of the new amir of Trarza, Muhammad al Habib, and France.
* Canal Saint-Martin opened in Paris.

## Births
### January to June

* 28 February - Jean-Baptiste Arban, cornetist and conductor (died 1889)
* 16 March - Auguste Poulet-Malassis, printer and publisher (died 1878)
* 6 May - Charlotte de Rothschild, socialite and painter (died 1899)
* 7 June - Gustave Emile Boissonade, legal scholar (died 1910)
* 14 June - Jean-Baptiste Joseph Émile Montégut, critic (died 1895)
* 30 June - Hervé, composer, librettist and conductor (died 1892)

### July to December

* 2 July - Émile Ollivier, statesman, 30th Prime Minister of France (died 1913)
* 19 July - Pierre Potain, cardiologist (died 1901)
* 4 August - Victor Auguste, baron Duperré, colonial administrator (died 1900)
* 22 August - Auguste Arnaud, sculptor (died 1883)
* 17 October - Louis Joseph Troost, chemist (died 1911)
* 31 October - Charles Lavigerie, Cardinal, Primate of Africa (died 1892)
* 6 November - Charles Garnier, architect (died 1898)
* 29 November - Jean-Martin Charcot, neurologist and professor of anatomical pathology (died 1893)
* 30 November - William-Adolphe Bouguereau, painter (died 1905)
* 25 December - Henri de Bornier, poet and dramatist (died 1901)

### Full date unknown

* Leopold Chasseriau, planter (died 1891)
* Joseph-Epiphane Darras, historian (died 1878)
* Armand Gautier, painter and lithographer (died 1894)

## Deaths
### January to June

* 17 January - Antoine-François-Claude Ferrand, statesman and political writer (born 1751)
* 5 February - Pierre Gaveaux, operatic tenor and composer (born 1761)
* 17 February - Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet, politician (born 1746)
* 25 March - Fabre d'Olivet, author, poet and composer (born 1767)
* 19 May - Claude Henri de Rouvroy, comte de Saint-Simon, utopian socialist thinker (born 1760)
* 21 May - André Briche, General (born 1772)
* 9 June - Pauline Bonaparte, younger and favourite sister of Napoleon I of France (born 1780)

### July to December

* 26 September - Guillaume-André-Réné Baston, theologian (born 1741)
* 28 November - Maximilien Sebastien Foy, military leader, statesman and writer (born 1775)
* 3 December - Adélaïde Dufrénoy, poet and painter (born 1765)
* 5 December - Antoine Alexandre Barbier, librarian and bibliographer (born 1765)
* 29 December - Jacques-Louis David, painter (born 1748)

### Full date unknown

* Guillaume de Bonne-Carrere, diplomat (born 1754)
* Raphaël, Comte de Casabianca, General (born 1738)
# 1979 Louisville Open

The 1979 Louisville Open, also known as the Louisville International Classic, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Louisville Tennis Center in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. It was the tenth and final edition of the tournament and was scheduled from Monday, July 23 through Sunday, July 29, 1979, but due to intermittent rain throughout the week it ended one day late. Some matches were played on indoor clay courts. The tournament was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit. The singles final was won by seventh-seeded John Alexander, last year's runner-up, who received $25,000 first prize money and earned 175 ranking points.

## Finals
### Singles

John Alexander defeated Terry Moor 7–6, 6–7, 3–3, ret.
* It was Alexander's 1st singles title of the year and the 4th of his career.

### Doubles

Sherwood Stewart / Marty Riessen defeated Vijay Amritraj / Raúl Ramírez 6–2, 1–6, 6–1
# Oligocentria alpica

Oligocentria alpica is a species of moth in the family Notodontidae (the prominents). It was first described by Foster Hendrickson Benjamin in 1932 and it is found in North America.
The MONA or Hodges number for Oligocentria alpica is 8013.
# School Dayz

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
School Dayz is the only studio album by American Oakland-based 13-years-old rapper Baby DC. It was released on July 27, 1999 through $hort Records, a Too $hort's vanity label on Jive Records. Production was handled by Ant Banks, Taj "Mahal" Tilghman, Jay Mac, Jazze Pha, Larry "Rock" Campbell, Quint Black and Spearhead X, with Paul Brown and Too $hort serving as executive producers. It features guest appearances from Imajin, Ant Banks, E-40, Lil' Rakim and Too $hort, with cameos from Ice Cube, Kid Capri and Snoop Dogg.
School Dayz was released before So So Def's Lil' Bow Wow and No Limit's Lil Soldiers and Lil Romeo were releasing charting albums. However, due to limited promotion, School Dayz did not reach any Billboard charts. However, the single "Bounce, Rock, Skate, Roll" did make it to both the R&B and rap charts.

## Personnel

* Derek "Baby DC" Coleman – vocals
* Imajin – vocals (tracks: 2, 6)
* Lil' Rakim – vocals (track 4)
* Todd "Too $hort" Shaw – vocals (track 10), executive producer
* Earl "E-40" Stevens – vocals (track 11)
* Anthony "Ant" Banks – vocals (track 13), producer (tracks: 2, 8, 13)
* David Anthony "Kid Capri" Love Jr. – voice (track 1)
* Jonathan "Lil' Jon" Smith – backing vocals (track 3)
* Calvin "Snoop Dogg" Broadus Jr. – voice (track 5)
* O'Shea "Ice Cube" Jackson Sr. – voice (track 9)
* Xavier "Spearhead X" Hargrove – producer (track 3)
* James "Jay Mac" Beard – producer (track 4)
* Larry "Rock" Campbell – producer (track 6)
* Taj "Mahal" Tilghman – producer (tracks: 7, 10), coordinator
* Phalon "Jazze Pha" Alexander – producer (track 12)
* Tom Coyne – mastering
* Paul Brown – executive producer
* Ernest Washington – photography

## Charts
### "Bounce, Rock, Skate, Roll"

| Chart (1999) | Peak position |
| Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs | 91 |
| Billboard Hot Rap Songs | 12 |
# Sanyuanli

Sanyuanli (三元里) is a neighbourhood in Baiyun District, in the northern suburbs of Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. Sanyuanli Subdistrict (三元里街道) was created in 1987 and covers an area of 6.8 square km, with a population of 85,000 residents, 20,000 migrants, and approximately 100,000 unregistered floating population.

## Sanyuanli People's Anti-British Monument

To praise the heroic history of the heroes in Sanyuanli, in October 1950, Guangzhou Government set up a Sanyuanli Revolutionary Martyrs Monument in a hillock of Ximen building (西门楼). Around the monument, there is the Sanyuanli Incident Memorial Park. The park covers an area of 7920 square kilometers, with a solemn and serene architectural style.

## Sanyuanli Temple

Sanyuanli Incident Museum is located in Sanyuanli Temple. The temple was Taoist temple for worshipping Taoist God. During the first Opium War, people in Sanyuanli took a mass pledge in front of the temple, which was the beginning of the anti-aggression war of Chinese. Therefore, Sanyuanli temple has become an important historical revolutionary site. In post-war time, Guangzhou Government has conducted several renovations for the temple in order to keep its original appearance. In 1961, Sanyuanli Temple became one of the cultural buildings under National Relic Protection, and it was renamed as Sanyuanli Anti-British Revolt Museum. Until now, the museum is one of the Patriotism Educational Sites in Guangzhou, Guangdong and China range.

## Schools and hospitals

Sanyuanli Middle School (三元里中学), Ziyuangang middle school (梓元岗中学), Sanyuanli primary school (三元里小学), Baishijia primary school (百事佳小学), Sanyuanli kindergarten (三元里公办幼儿园) were set up in Sanyuanli neighborhood. The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, and the Civil Hospital are also located in Sanyuanli.

## Sanyuanli Subway Station

Sanyuanli Station (Chinese: 三元里站) is a Train station of Line 2 of the Guangzhou Metro. It started operations on 29 December 2002. It is located at Sanyuanli (Chinese: 三元里) in Baiyun District. It is adjacent to Sanyuanli Anti-British Invasion Museum (Chinese: 三元里抗英纪念碑), Sanyuanli Coach Terminal (Chinese: 三元里客运站), Guangzhou Airport Expressway (Chinese: 广州机场高速公路) and Jingzhu Expressway (Chinese: 京珠高速公路; lit. 'Beijing-Zhuhai Expressway').
# Ducati 65T

The Ducati 65T, and the 65TL (Turismo Lusso) luxury version, were motorcycles manufactured by Ducati Meccanica S.p.A., from 1952 to 1958, coming out in the same year as the 98. The 65TS (Turismo Sport) appeared in 1955, ten pounds lighter, with a different gas tank, lower handlebars and dual seat.
# Lee algorithm

The Lee algorithm is one possible solution for maze routing problems based on breadth-first search. It always gives an optimal solution, if one exists, but is slow and requires considerable memory.

## Algorithm

1) Initialization
2) Wave expansion
3) Backtrace
4) Clearance
Of course the wave expansion marks only points in the routable area of the chip, not in the blocks or already wired parts, and to minimize segmentation you should keep in one direction as long as possible.
# Lee and Gordon Mill

The Lee and Gordon Mill in Chickamauga, Georgia is a historic grist mill and store. A saw mill was another line of its business. It produced over 70,000 bushels of milled grain in 1880, when it operated about 11 hours per day, six days per week, employing several men.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.
# Dunlo, Pennsylvania

Dunlo is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Adams Township, Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located between the communities of Beaverdale and Salix, in the valley of Sulphur Creek, a tributary of the Little Conemaugh River. As of the 2010 census, the population was 342 residents.
# Durie

Durie may refer to:
* Andre Durie (1981– ), Canadian football player
* Andrew Durie, (?? -1588), bishop
* Arohia Durie, professor of Māori education
* Clan Durie, a Scots clan
* Dave Durie (1931–2016), English football player
* David Durie (1944– ), British civil servant and former governor of Gibraltar
* Edward Taihakurei Durie (1940– ), New Zealand judge
* George Durie (c. 1496- 1577), Scots abbot
* Gordon Durie (1965– ), Scots footballer
* Ian Dury (1942–2000), English rock and roll singer-songwriter
* Jamie Durie (1970– ), Australian horticulturalist
* Jo Durie (1960– ) tennis player
* Mason Durie (community leader) (1889–1971), tribal leader from New Zealand
* Mason Durie (psychiatrist) (1938– ), New Zealand professor
* Mark Durie Australian vicar and author
* Raymond Durie of Durie (1905–1999), Scots soldier and clan chief
# Dubravice

Dubravice may refer to the following places:
* Dubravice (Bratunac), a village in Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Dubravice (Konjic), a village in Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Dubravice, Croatia, a village near Skradin
# Sandstorm (Dungeons & Dragons)

Sandstorm is an optional supplemental source book for the 3.5 edition of the Dungeons & Dragons roleplaying game.

## Contents

Sandstorm describes how DMs can create adventures and even campaigns set in a desert or wasteland environment. The book details many hazards that are associated with real-life dangers to desert travelers. Furthermore, Sandstorm corrects many false ideas about deserts, such as the belief that quicksands are commonly found in the desert; the book explains that quicksands require water to form, and are usually found near an oasis, although quicksands are still rare even there. The book gives ideas for DMs as well as players in using new prestige classes and new races. In addition, book references several 3rd edition books, such as Deities and Demigods. At the beginning of the book, examples of wasteland areas found in the campaign settings of Greyhawk and the Forgotten Realms are given.

### Chapter summary

* The Waste: This describes the terrain and perils of the waste.
* Races, Classes, and Feats: This adds the Asherati and Bhuka races, special rules for core classes, and new waste-based feats.
* Prestige Classes: This introduces six new prestige classes, including the ashworm dragoon, the lord of tides, and the scorpion heritor.
* Equipment: This details weapons, gears, and alchemical items common to desert explorers.
* Magic: This introduces the concept of drift magic, new spells and new magic items.
* Monsters of the Waste: This describes several new monsters native to the waste.
* Adventure Sites: This describes some locales suitable for a waste campaign.

## Publication history

Sandstorm was written by Bruce R. Cordell, Jennifer Clarke Wilkes, and JD Wiker, and was published in March 2005. Cover art was by Ben Thompson, with interior art by Steven Belledin, Matt Cavotta, Mitch Cotie, Ed Cox, Wayne England, David Hudnut, Dana Knutson, Doug Kovacs, Todd Lockwood, Chuck Lukacs, Jim Nelson, William O'Connor, Michael Phillippi, Steve Prescott, Wayne Reynolds, Ron Spencer, and Stephen Tappin.

## Reviews

* Black Gate #9 (Fall 2005)