OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lapilli

Lapilli (sg.: lapillus) is a size classification of tephra, which is material that falls out of the air during a volcanic eruption or during some meteorite impacts. Lapilli is Latin for "little stones".
By definition lapilli range from 2 to 64 mm (0.08 to 2.52 in) in diameter. A pyroclastic particle greater than 64 mm in diameter is known as a volcanic bomb when molten, or a volcanic block when solid. Pyroclastic material with particles less than 2 mm in diameter is referred to as volcanic ash.

## Formation

Lapilli are spheroid-, teardrop-, dumbbell- or button-shaped droplets of molten or semi-molten lava ejected from a volcanic eruption that fall to earth while still at least partially molten. These granules are the direct result of liquid rock cooling as it travels through the air.
Lapilli tuffs are a very common form of volcanic rock typical of rhyolite, andesite and dacite pyroclastic eruptions, where thick layers of lapilli can be deposited during a basal surge eruption. Most lapilli tuffs which remain in ancient terrains are formed by the accumulation and welding of semi-molten lapilli into what is known as a welded tuff.
The heat of the newly deposited volcanic pile tends to cause the semi-molten material to flatten out and then become welded. Welded tuff textures are distinctive (termed eutaxitic), with flattened lapilli, fiamme, blocks and bombs forming oblate to discus-shaped forms within layers. These rocks are quite indurated and tough, as opposed to non-welded lapilli tuffs, which are unconsolidated and easily eroded.

### Accretionary lapilli

Rounded balls of tephra are called accretionary lapilli if they consist of layered volcanic ash particles. Accretionary lapilli are formed by a process of wet ash aggregation due to moisture in volcanic clouds that sticks the particles together, with the volcanic ash nucleating on some object and then accreting to it in layers before the accretionary lapillus falls from the cloud. Accretionary lapilli are like volcanic hailstones that form by the addition of concentric layers of moist ash around a central nucleus.
This texture can be confused with spherulitic and axiolitic texture.

#### Armoured (or cored) lapilli

These lapilli are a variety of accretionary lapilli, though they contain lithic or crystal cores coated by rinds of coarse to fine ash. Armoured lapilli only form in hydroclastic eruptions, where significant moisture is present. The vapour column contains cohesive ash which sticks to particles within it.
# Native Village of Eek

The Native Village of Eek is a federally recognized Yup'ik Alaska Native tribal entity.

## About

The Native Village of Eek is headquartered in the city of Eek in the Bethel Census Area.

## History

As of 2005, the tribe had 278 enrolled citizens.
In 2020, the village ordered a community-wide lock-down in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In 2023, the Native Village of Eek and several other Alaska Native tribes joined a lawsuit against Donlin Gold, LLC, a mining corporation, alleging that the mine was a public health danger and did not have proper permits. The State of Alaska sided with the mining corporation.
# Rulers of Milan

Rulers of Milan may refer to:
* Lord of Milan (1259–1395)
* List of dukes of Milan (1395–1814)
# Oleggio Castello

Oleggio Castello is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region of Piedmont, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Turin and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Novara.
# Tmesisternus maai

Tmesisternus maai is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Gressitt in 1984. It is known from Papua New Guinea.
# 1863 Liberian general election

General elections were held in Liberia on 5 May 1863. The presidential election resulted in a victory for Daniel Bashiel Warner of the Republican Party, defeating Chief Justice Boston Jenkins Drayton. Warner took office on 4 January 1864.
# Dorte Rasmussen

Dorte Rasmussen may refer to:
* Dorte Lohse (born 1971), Danish cyclist
* Dorthe Rasmussen (born 1960), Danish distance runner
# Melicytus crassifolius

Melicytus crassifolius (thick-leaved mahoe; syn. Hymenanthera crassifolia Hook.f.) is an ornamental plant of Violaceae family, which is native to New Zealand.
# Joseph Muriuki

Joseph 'Joe' Kinyua Muriuki (born 31 January 1984), is a Kenyan actor particularly active in American cinema. He is best known for the role in the film The Fifth Estate.

## Personal life

He was born on 15 December 1980 in Eastleigh, Nairobi, Kenya. He later grew up in Nairobi and attended primary and secondary school in Kasarani. After finishing school, he studied accounting at Visions Professional Institute. Meanwhile, he found a job at Aga Khan University Hospital and worked four years there.

## Career

In 2008, he was invited to appear in the comedy Will You Still Love Me In The Morning, co-directed by Brian Clemens and Dennis Spooners and produced by Festival of Creative arts. Then he continued to work parallel on both theater and television, locally and internationally. His maiden international appearance came through Wikileaks film The Fifth Estate produced as a Dreamworks movie. In the film, he played a supportive role as a journalist 'John Paul Oulu'.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role | Genre |
| 2010 | Noose of Gold | Doc | TV series |
| 2013 | The Fifth Estate | John Paul Oulu | Film |
| 2015 | How to Find a Husband | Thomas | TV series |
| 2017 | Sue Na Jonnie | Johnny | TV series |
# Potrkuša

Potrkuša is a village in the municipality of Goražde, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 237.
Ethnicity in 2013 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Bosniaks | 222 | 93.7% |
| other/undeclared | 15 | 6.3% |
| Total | 237 | 100% |
# Potrlica

Potrlica (Serbian Cyrillic: Потрлица) is a small village in the municipality of Pljevlja, Montenegro.

## Demographics

According to the 2003 census, the village had a population of 27 people.
According to the 2011 census, its population was 22.
Ethnicity in 2011 :
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| Serbs | 12 | 54.5% |
| Montenegrins | 7 | 31.8% |
| other/undeclared | 3 | 13.6% |
| Total | 22 | 100% |
# Powerama Motoring Expo

The Powerama Motoring Expo was a Western Canadian auto show that was held annually in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada from 1984 until 2010. Powerama attracted contestants from throughout North America.

## History

The Powerama Motoring Expo was named after a historic drag race in Edmonton. From 1956 until 1966, Powerama was the name of an annual drag race that took place during Labour Day long weekend in Edmonton. Eighteen years later in 1984, the Edmonton car show took its name from the city's historic drag race.
Despite the fact that Powerama's advertising was focused on the Edmonton metropolitan region, newspapers from across Canada reported on Powerama including the Calgary Herald, the Montreal Gazette, the Saskatoon Star-Phoenix, the Vancouver Sun, and the Victoria Times-Colonist.
On several occasions, vehicles from the Reynolds-Alberta Museum were brought to Powerama for display.

## Notable vehicles

In 2005, a 1930 Model A Roadster restored by Gerry Kuipers received first prize. In 2006, a 1956 Ford F-100 pickup restored by Lorne Soloview was featured; however, first prize went to a 1955 GMC Pickup restored by Nisbet Patfield. In 2007, a canola biodiesel jet car built by Kevin Therres received attention in the press.
# Melampsoraceae

Melampsoraceae are a family of rust fungi in the order Pucciniales. The family is monotypic, containing the single genus Melampsora, which contains about 90 species.
# Powder Cellar Museum

The Powder Cellar Museum is a museum in the city of Azov, Rostov Oblast, Russia. It is a branch of the Azov Museum of History, Archaeology and Palaeontology. The place it occupies was recognized as a cultural monument of federal significance of Russian Federation.

## History

The first powder cellar in Azov, a wooden building for the storage of gunpowder, was built in 1770. Inside the cellar were made bunks, where barrels of gunpowder were kept. The wooden cellar was disassembled in 1797 after falling into a dilapidated state. Since 1810, Azov Fortress has gradually declined. In the 19th century, the cellar was covered with earth up to the roof.
In the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries the powder cellar was used to store ice and other goods in summer.
The Powder Cellar Museum was opened in Azov in 1967.
In 2014, Suvorov Monument was installed on the territory of the museum.

## Gallery

* Museum exhibition
* Flywheel of the lathe, 17th century
* Mortar used during the Azov campaigns
# Powder Horn

A powder horn was a container for gunpowder.
Powder Horn or Powder horn may also refer to:
* Powder Horn (album), 2014 album by Shit and Shine
* Powder Horn (Boy Scouts of America), the Venturing training program offered by the Boy Scouts of America
* Powder Horn Island, former name of Calumet Island in the Thousand Islands region of New York
* Powder Horn Mountain, a community in Triplett, Watauga County, North Carolina
* Powder Horn, Wyoming, a census-designated place
# Navalafuente

Navalafuente (Spanish pronunciation:) is a municipality of the Community of Madrid, Spain. The municipality covers an area of 11.75 km$^2$. It lies at 909 metres above sea level. As of 2018, it has a population of 1,397.

## Bus

* 726: Navalafuente - Guadalix - Madrid (Plaza de Castilla)
# Melvern Lake

Melvern Dam is a dam in Osage County, Kansas.
The earthen dam was completed in 1970, and the reservoir completely filled in 1975, as a flood control project of the United States Army Corps of Engineers. The dam impounds the Marais des Cygnes River, notorious for its destructive flooding, notably in the Great Flood of 1951. The dam is 188 feet (57 m) high, is 9,650 feet (2,940 m) long at its crest, and is owned and operated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers.
The reservoir it creates, Melvern Lake, has a water surface of 10.8 square miles (28 km$^2$) and a maximum capacity of 363,000 acre-feet (0.448 km$^3$), although normal storage is 154,000 acre-feet (0.190 km$^3$). Recreation includes fishing, hunting, boating and camping in the five parks surrounding the lake (Outlet Park, Arrow Rock Park, Coeur d'Alene Park, Turkey Point Park, and Sun Dance Park) and the adjoining state park, Eisenhower State Park.
# Melverley railway station

Melverley railway station was a station in Melverley, Shropshire, England. The station was opened in 1871 and closed in 1933.
# Melveena McKendrick

Melveena Christine McKendrick, FBA (born 23 March 1941) is a retired Welsh academic. She was Professor of Spanish Golden Age Literature, Culture and Society at the University of Cambridge from 1999 to 2008, and served as its Pro-Vice-Chancellor for Education from January 2004 to October 2008. She has also been a Fellow of Girton College, Cambridge since 1967; she is currently a life fellow having retired from full-time academia in 2008.

## Early life

She attended Neath Grammar School for Girls and Dyffryn Grammar School, Port Talbot, before reading for a BA in Spanish at King's College London and a PhD at Girton College, Cambridge, which she received in 1967.

## Personal life

In 1967, the then Melveena Jones married Neil McKendrick, later Master of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge. Together they have two daughters.

## Honours

In 1999, McKendrick was elected a Fellow of the British Academy (FBA), the United Kingdom's national academy for the humanities and social sciences. In 2013, she was awarded an honorary Doctor of Literature (DLitt) degree by the University of South Wales "in recognition of her outstanding contribution to literature and the arts".

## Selected works

* McKendrick, Melveena (1974). Woman and Society in the Spanish Drama of the Golden Age: A Study of the Mujer Varonil. London: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521202947.
* McKendrick, Melveena (1980). Cervantes. Boston: Little, Brown. ISBN 978-0316560542.
* McKendrick, Melveena (1989). Theatre in Spain 1490-1700. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521355926.
* McKendrick, Melveena (1996). The Revealing Image: stage portraits in the theatre of the Golden Age. London: Department of Hispanic Studies, Queen Mary and Westfield College. ISBN 978-0904188219.
* McKendrick, Melveena (2000). Playing the King: Lope de Vega and the Limits of Conformity. Woodbridge: Tamesis. ISBN 978-1855660694.
* McKendrick, Melveena (2002). Identities in Crisis: Essays on Honour, Gender and Women in the Comedia. Kassel: Edition Reichenberger. ISBN 978-3935004527.
# James Palmer (priest)

James Palmer (died 1660) was a priest and philanthropist who is remembered in a bust at Westminster Abbey and in the name of Palmer Street. In 1655 he founded what became known as Palmer's Village in London. The village was consolidated in Rochester Row in 1882 and named The United Westminster Almshouses
# Mendham Priory

Mendham Priory was a priory in Suffolk, England.
# Posterior scrotal branches

Posterior scrotal branches can refer to:
* Posterior scrotal nerves
* Posterior scrotal branches of the internal pudendal artery
# Posterior septal branches of sphenopalatine artery

Crossing the under surface of the sphenoid, the sphenopalatine artery ends on the nasal septum as the posterior septal branches; these anastomose with the ethmoidal arteries and the septal branch of the superior labial; one branch descends in a groove on the vomer to the incisive canal and anastomoses with the descending palatine artery.
# James Swift

James Swift may refer to:
* James Swift (trade unionist) (1841/42–1904), British trade unionist
* James Swift (British Army officer), British Major-General
* James M. Swift (lawyer) (1873–1946), Attorney General of Massachusetts
* James M. Swift (American football) (fl. 1891), American football coach
* Larry James (1947-2008), American sprinter also known as James Swift
# Poženik

Poženik (pronounced) is a village in the Municipality of Cerklje na Gorenjskem in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.
# José Antonio Mayobre

José Antonio Mayobre (21 August 1913 in Cumaná – 15 August 1980 in Washington DC) was a Venezuelan economist who worked as an academic economist, a diplomat and international civil servant. He was a Minister of Finance of Venezuela and the Executive Secretary of the ECLAC.

## Education

Mayobre received a doctorate from Central University of Venezuela, in economic and social sciences, 1944, and in law, 1945. He went on to post-graduate studies at the London School of Economics. He held high-ranking posts as educator, economist, diplomat and international functionary.

## Career

Upon returning to his country in 1946, Mayobre worked in the Central Bank of Venezuela's Department of Economic Research and became its director. At the same time he taught Economic analysis at the Central University of Venezuela's Faculty of Economics, a post he held on several occasions until 1960.
In 1947, he was appointed alternate Governor of the International Monetary Fund representing Venezuela, and in 1948 he was appointed General Director of Banco Agrícola y Pecuario. From 1949 to 1951 he was General Manager of Industrias Azucareras S.A., in Caracas.
Following the assassination of the president Carlos Delgado Chalbaud, on November 13, 1950, Mayobre went into exile again. He joined the United Nations Secretariat in 1951 as the Delegated Director of ECLAC's subregional headquarters in Mexico. Then, in 1953, he was appointed Resident Representative of the United Nations' Technical Assistance Board in Central America. He returned to ECLAC in Santiago de Chile, where he headed the Economic Development Division from 1954 to 1958. He returned to Venezuela to direct the Corporación Venezolana de Comercio (Venezuelan Trade Corporation).
In May 1958 he was appointed Minister of Finance of president Rómulo Betancourt, a post he held until 1960. From 1960 to 1962, Mayobre was Venezuela's Ambassador to the United States and the Organization of American States, in Washington, where he also worked as Executive Director of the International Monetary Fund. In 1963 was designated by U Thant Executive Secretary of the ECLAC in substitution of Argentinian Raúl Prebisch until 1966.
He returned to Venezuela from Santiago de Chile during the presidency of Raúl Leoni and was nominated Minister of Mines and Hydrocarbons and Minister of Finance. In 70th decade was adviser of Universidad Metropolitana and Universidad Simón Bolívar. En 1975 was member of Energy National Council.
# Prabhakar

Prabhakar is an Indian given name and surname. Prabhakars are Indian Brahmins mostly limited to North Indian states like Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan. They belong to sage Vatsa. People with the name include:
* Manoj Prabhakar, Indian cricketer
* Sundarwati Nawal Prabhakar (1922–2010), Indian National Congress politician
* Vishnu Prabhakar, Indian Hindi writer
* Arati Prabhakar, the former head of DARPA
* Chandan Prabhakar, Indian comedian
It may also refer to:
* Prabhākara (c. 7th century), Indian philosopher grammarian in the Mimamsa tradition
* Janardhan Sharma, known as Prabhakar in Nepal
* Spider-Man (Pavitr Prabhakar), a fictional character appearing in American comic books by Marvel Comics
# Meneau

Meneau is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Christophe Meneau (born 1968), French volleyball player
* Marc Meneau (1943–2020), French chef
# James Ramon Felak

James Ramon Felak (born 1957) is an American historian who currently holds the Newman Center Term Professorship in Catholic Christianity at the University of Washington. He received his Ph.D. in European history from Indiana University in 1988. His research specializes in the history of Catholicism in Europe, as well as the intersection of religion and politics in the era of Pope John Paul II.

## Works

* Felak, James Ramon (1995). At the Price of the Republic: Hlinka's Slovak People's Party, 1929–1938. University of Pittsburgh Press. ISBN 978-0-8229-7694-3.
* Felak, James Ramon (2009). After Hitler, Before Stalin: Catholics, Communists, and Democrats in Slovakia, 1945–1948. University of Pittsburgh Press. ISBN 978-0-8229-7122-1.
* Felak, James Ramon (2020). The Pope in Poland: The Pilgrimages of John Paul II, 1979-1991. University of Pittsburgh Press. ISBN 978-0-8229-4598-7.
# James Ramsay

James Ramsay may refer to:
* Sir James Ramsay (1589–1638), Scottish soldier
* James Ramsay (bishop) (c. 1624–1696), Bishop of Ross
* James Ramsay (abolitionist) (1733–1789), Anglican minister and abolitionist
* James Ramsay (minister) (1672–1749), Church of Scotland minister
* James Ramsay (painter) (1789–1854), English portrait painter
* Sir James Ramsay, 8th Baronet (1797–1859), Scottish baronet
* Sir James Ramsay, 10th Baronet (1832–1925), British historian and landowner
* James Graham Ramsay (1823–1903), North Carolina politician
* James Garden Ramsay (1827–1890), politician in colonial South Australia
* James Ramsay (Canadian politician) (1866–1935), merchant and politician in British Columbia, Canada
* James Ramsay (governor) (1916–1986), governor of Queensland
* James Ramsay (1923–1996), co-founder of the James and Diana Ramsay Foundation in South Australia
* Jim Ramsay (1930–2013), Australian politician
* James Ramsay, 17th Earl of Dalhousie (born 1948), British land-owner
* James O. Ramsay (born 1942), Canadian statistician
* James Ramsay (footballer) (1898–1969), Scottish footballer and manager
# Joseph Tang Yuange

Joseph Tang Yuange (simplified Chinese: 唐远阁; traditional Chinese: 唐遠閣; pinyin: Táng Yuǎngé; born November 17, 1963) is a Sichuanese Roman Catholic priest and Bishop of the Diocese of Chengdu since 2016.

## Biography

Tang was born in Jintang County, Sichuan, on November 17, 1963. From 1984 to 1988 he studied at the Sichuan Catholic Theological and Philosophical College.
He was ordained a priest in 1991. He was elected Bishop of Chengdu. He accepted the episcopacy with the papal mandate on November 30, 2016.
# Melvin Mayfield

Melvin Mayfield (March 24, 1919 – June 19, 1990) was a United States Army soldier and a recipient of the United States military's highest decoration—the Medal of Honor—for his actions in World War II.
Mayfield's actions, on July 29, 1945, were the last to earn a Medal of Honor prior to the August 15, 1945, end of hostilities in World War II—though some honorees may have been cited for their Medal after Mayfield's recognition on May 31, 1946.

## Biography

Mayfield joined the Army from Nashport, Ohio in February 1941, and by July 29, 1945, was serving as a corporal in Company D, 20th Infantry Regiment, 6th Infantry Division. On that day, in the Cordillera Mountains, Luzon, the Philippines, he single-handedly attacked four enemy positions. For this action, he was awarded the Medal of Honor ten months later, on May 31, 1946.
Mayfield left the Army while still a corporal. He died at age 71 and was buried in Frazeysburg Cemetery, Frazeysburg, Ohio.

## Medal of Honor citation

Corporal Mayfield's official Medal of Honor citation reads:
   He displayed conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity above and beyond the call of duty while fighting in the Cordillera Mountains of Luzon, Philippine Islands. When 2 Filipino companies were pinned down under a torrent of enemy fire that converged on them from a circular ridge commanding their position, Cpl. Mayfield, in a gallant single-handed effort to aid them, rushed from shell hole to shell hole until he reached 4 enemy caves atop the barren fire-swept hill. With grenades and his carbine, he assaulted each of the caves while enemy fire pounded about him. However, before he annihilated the last hostile redoubt, a machinegun bullet destroyed his weapon and slashed his left hand. Disregarding his wound, he secured more grenades and dauntlessly charged again into the face of pointblank fire to help destroy a hostile observation post. By his gallant determination and heroic leadership, Cpl. Mayfield inspired the men to eliminate all remaining pockets of resistance in the area and to press the advance against the enemy.
# Jamesdicksonia dactylidis

Jamesdicksonia dactylidis is a species of fungus belonging to the family Georgefischeriaceae.
It was originally published by Pass. as Thecaphora dactylidis in 1877, before being renamed as Jamesdicksonia dactylidis in 2001.
It has a cosmopolitan distribution.
# Jamesdicksonia

Jamesdicksonia is a genus of fungi belonging to the family Georgefischeriaceae.
The genus was first described by Mandayani Jeersannidhi Thirumalachar, Pavgi and Payak in 1961.
The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.
Species: