OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1980 in motorsport

The following is an overview of the events of 1980 in motorsport including the major racing events, motorsport venues that were opened and closed during a year, championships and non-championship events that were established and disestablished in a year, and births and deaths of racing drivers and other motorsport people.

## Annual events

The calendar includes only annual major non-championship events or annual events that had significance separate from the championship. For the dates of the championship events see related season articles.
| Date | Event |
| 1–23 January | 2nd Dakar Rally |
| 2–3 February | 18th 24 Hours of Daytona |
| 17 February | 22nd Daytona 500 |
| 18 May | 38th Monaco Grand Prix |
| 25 May | 64th Indianapolis 500 |
| 31 May-6 June | 63rd Isle of Man TT |
| 14–15 June | 48th 24 Hours of Le Mans |
| 26–27 July | 32nd 24 Hours of Spa |
| 27 July | 3rd Suzuka 8 Hours |
| 4–5 October | 9th 24 Hours of Nurburgring |
| 5 October | 21st Hardie-Ferodo 1000 |
| 16 November | 27th Macau Grand Prix |

## Births

| Date | Month | Name | Nationality | Occupation | Note |
| 19 | January | Jenson Button | British | Racing driver | Formula One World Champion (2009). |
| 4 | July | Marc Lieb | German | Racing driver | 24 Hours of Le Mans winner (2016). FIA World Endurance champion (2016). |
| 22 | July | Scott Dixon | New Zealand | Racing driver | Indianapolis 500 winner (2008). |
| 5 | October | James Toseland | British | Motorcycle racer | Superbike World champion (2004, 2007). |
| 18 | November | François Duval | Belgian | Rally driver | 2005 Rally Australia winner. |
| 14 | December | Thed Björk | Swedish | Racing driver | World Touring Car champion (2017). |
| 17 | December | Ryan Hunter-Reay | American | Racing driver | Indianapolis 500 winner (2014). |

## Deaths

| Date | Month | Name | Age | Nationality | Occupation | Note | Ref |
| 6 | January | Raymond Mays | 80 | British | Racing driver | One of the first British Formula One drivers. | |
| 26 | November | Pete DePaolo | 82 | American | Racing driver | Indianapolis 500 winner (1925). | |
# Samson coat of arms

Samson is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by several szlachta families in the times of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

## Notable bearers

Notable bearers of this coat of arms include:
* Henryk Samsonowicz
* Felix Dzerzhinsky
# Nigara

Nigara is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

* Nigara gracilis Richter, 1999

## Distribution

South Korea, Russia.
# Kymen Sanomat

Kymen Sanomat (KySa) is a Finnish language daily newspaper published in the Kymenlaakso region of Finland.

## History and profile

The newspaper was established in 1902. Kymen Sanomat has its editorial headquarters in Kotka. The paper is published in Hamina. The publisher is Sanoma Lehtimedia Oy which also publishes Etelä-Saimaa and Uutisvuoksi.
In 1991 Kymen Sanomat merged with Kotkan Sanomat.
Kymen Sanomat had approximately 62,000 readers in 2007. The paper had a circulation of 24,216 copies in 2009.
# Kirk Cashmere

Kirk H. Cashmere (July 18, 1955 – December 2, 2002) was a prominent civil rights attorney who helped make same-sex marriage a major issue in Hawaii, as well as a historian and pioneer of organized Judaism in the state.

## Early life

Born on July 18, 1955, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, his family moved to Hawaii when he was 5 years old. He attended the Iolani School and earned a degree in Near Eastern and Judaic studies at Brandeis University.

## Career

Cashmere studied Law at the William S. Richardson School of Law at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. he served as legal director for the ACLU, worked with the Legal Aid Society of Hawaii and the Life Foundation, and was a member of the state's Ethics Committee from 1996 to June 30, 1999.
As a member of the "Governor's Committee on HIV/AIDS," he played a central role in formulating policy that would at once protect the public from unsafe exposure and maintain the confidence of carriers.

### Notable legal cases
#### Camp H.M. Smith cross

In 1984 and 1986, he filed suit against the Marine Corps to remove a 65-foot cross at Camp Holland M. Smith in Honolulu. Plaintiffs in the suit alleged that the cross is a religious symbol that violates the First Amendment. The cross had been erected for an Easter service in 1966, but naval officials argued it was a non-religious monument to prisoners of war and soldiers missing in action. Naval Admiral Judge Advocate T.E. Flynn decided to remove the cross in 1986, but that decision was overturned by Marine Corps commandant General Paul Kelley in 1987. In 1988, federal district court Judge Thomas Hogan ordered the cross to be removed. The cross was removed on December 1, 1988, and replaced with an 80-foot flagpole and a monument.

#### Cammack v. Waihee

On November 14, 1988, he challenged the state's Good Friday holiday as a violation of the U.S. Constitution's First Amendment and the Hawaii State Constitution. The case was decided on August 9, 1991. The U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals court upheld Hawaii's right to declare Good Friday as an official state holiday.

#### Baehr v. Lewin

On May 1, 1991, the plaintiffs filed a complaint in the First Circuit Court of Hawaii that the Hawaii Marriage Law was unconstitutional because it prohibited issuing a marriage license on the sole basis of same sex.
On May 5, 1993, the Hawaii Supreme Court issued a decision in Baehr v. Lewin (later known as Baehr v. Miike). Cashmere was Lambda Legal Defense's local counsel and co-authored the amicus brief.
In 1996, Cashmere was an attorney for three couples who sued Hawaii for denying marriage licenses on the sole basis the applicants were of the same sex. Circuit Judge Kevin Chang ruled that the state failed to prove a "compelling reason" to ban same-sex marriages.

## Death

Cashmere died on December 2, 2002. A memorial service was held at Temple Emanu-El.
The annual Kirk Cashmere Jewish Film Festival has been held in Honolulu from 2002 to 2019.
# Rhododendron spiciferum

Rhododendron spiciferum (碎米花) is a rhododendron species native to western Guizhou and Yunnan, China, where it grows at altitudes of 800–1,900 m (2,600–6,200 ft). It is a small evergreen shrub growing to 20–60 cm (7.9–23.6 in) in height, with leaves that are narrowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 1.2–4 by 0.4–1.2 cm in size. The flowers are pink or rarely white.
# On the Friendly Road

On the Friendly Road is a 1936 film from New Zealand which told a story of New Zealand in the Depression. It was made in and around Auckland, using local actors and locally-made cameras.
It is one of four films made in 1935 (with The Devil's Pit, Down on the Farm, and Hei Tiki ) which lay claim to be the first "New Zealand talkie". However, the film was not completed until early 1936, and had its premiere in Auckland on 28 August 1936.

## Plot

The plot involves Mac McDermott who is wrongly accused of theft and imprisoned, but is finally vindicated and cleared. The crusading Rev Colin Scrimgeour played himself.

## Cast

* John Mackle as McDermott
* Jean Hamilton as Mary
* Stanley Knight as Bill
* Colin Scrimgeour as Uncle Scrim
* James Swan as Stevenson
* Neville Goodwin as Harry
* James Martin as Alex
* Arnold Goodwin as Mike
* Harold Metcalfe as Snuffy
* Alan Leonard as the Bobby
* Wharepaia as Hori
* Kahu as the Chieftainess

## Reception

After the premiere, the reviewer for the Auckland Star called the film "a minor triumph. The film undoubtedly reaches a good standard and its ingredients of drama and sparkling comedy are mixed in a manner to command the attention of the audience throughout", but added that "the dialogue has its weaknesses and there is an occasional hiatus in the action". The New Zealand film historian Sam Edwards said in 1997 that the film has one-dimensional characters so is melodramatic, and "has not improved with age".
# Muscle Memory

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| MusicRadar | |
| Sputnikmusic | |
| Rock Sound | |
Muscle Memory is the debut solo album by ex-Reuben front man Jamie Lenman. It was released on 11 November 2013 by Xtra Mile Recordings. The album is a double album featuring one disc of Thrash Metal and Hardcore Punk inspired songs and another disc of Folk, Jazz and Big-Band inspired songs. The album was praised for its diversity and praised Lenman's knack for "riffery and chord progressions."

## Personnel

* Jamie Lenman – All other instruments and vocals except as listed below
* Dan Kavanagh – Drums, Maracas
* Basia Bartz – Violin, Cello on "If You Have To Ask You'll Never Know"
* Kathryn Lenman – Vocals on "If You Have To Ask You'll Never Know" and "It's Hard To Be a Gentleman"
* Jeremy Lenman – Vocals on "Little Lives"
* Sean Genockey – Guitar on "Shotgun House"
* The Jimmy Lemon Good Times Big Band
* The Aldershot Male Voice Choir
# Kleidocerys modestus

Kleidocerys modestus is a species of seed bug in the family Lygaeidae. It is found in North America.
# Kleidiomyces

Kleidiomyces is a genus of fungi in the family Laboulbeniaceae. The genus contain 3 species.
# Ribeira do Ilhéu

Ribeira do Ilhéu is a settlement in the northern part of the island of Fogo, Cape Verde. It is situated 6 km west of Mosteiros and 20 km northeast of the island capital São Filipe. The nearest village is Atalaia, 1.5 km to the southwest. The village's main festival is the festival of Saint Joseph (São José) that takes place on March 19.
# Ribeira do Rabil

Ribeira do Rabil is a seasonal stream in the central and western part of the island of Boa Vista in Cape Verde. It is 27 km (17 mi) long, and its basin area is 199 km$^2$ (77 sq mi). Its source is in the southeastern part of the island, north of the island's highest point Monte Estância. It flows generally northwest, passes east of the town Rabil and flows into the Atlantic Ocean near the Aristides Pereira International Airport. The estuary, Lagoa do Rabil, is an important wetland area.
# Olympia Bover

Olympia Bover is an economist who is currently director of the department of structural analysis and microeconomic studies at the Bank of Spain. She is a research fellow at the CEPR, and an International Research Associate at the Institute for Fiscal Studies in London.
She obtained her MSc and PhD from the London School of Economics and a Bachelor (Licenciada) from the University of Barcelona.

## Research

Her contribution to the research was to improve our understanding of Instrumental Variables approaches in economics. Her paper "Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models" (with Manuel Arellano) has been cited over 15000 times and offers better ways to use instrumental variables when dealing with panel data.
Her work has been quoted in El País, EFE and Cinco Días. Her research has been cited over 19000 times. Since 2018, she has been the Director of the Department of Structural Analysis and Macroeconomic Studies. Since 1997, she has been an International Research Fellow at the Institute for Fiscal Studies in London.

## Awards and recognition

She won the Kuznets Prize for the best article in the Journal of Population Economics from 2001–2003. She won the John W. Kendrick Prize for the best article published in the Review of Income and Wealth in 2010–2011. She was made a Fellow of the European Economic Association in 2013. She was a fellow of the IZA Institute of Labor Economics in Bonn until 2014. She is one of the 30 most cited women in economics.
# Oncopeltus guttaloides

Oncopeltus guttaloides is a species of seed bug in the family Lygaeidae. It is found in the southern Central America and the southern United States. Like other species of Oncopeltus, their nymphs are gregarious and can be found in large clusters on host plants.

## Distribution

Oncopeltus guttaloides is found in the southern US, Cuba, Guatemala, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, and Santo Domingo
# Kliny

Kliny may refer to places:

## Czech Republic

* Klíny, Ústí nad Labem Region

## Poland

* Kliny, Kutno County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Kliny, Opoczno County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Kliny, Lublin Voivodeship (east Poland)
* Kliny, Kępno County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
* Kliny, Poznań County in Greater Poland Voivodeship (west-central Poland)
# Mushi

Mushi can refer to:
* Mushi, Afghanistan
* Mushi, Tengzhou (木石镇), town in Tengzhou City, Shandong, China
* Mushi, an album by Japanese hardcore punk group The Stalin.
* Mushi (biblical figure), an individual mentioned in the Hebrew Bible.
* Mushi, the creatures in the Japanese manga Mushishi.
* Refugee alias of Iroh
* Mushi Production
* Mushi Sanban, a fictional character in the animated series Codename: Kids Next Door
# Olympia Reign

The Olympia Reign was a semi-professional basketball team competing in the International Basketball League (IBL). The club ceased operations after playing two of a scheduled six-game schedule in 2014.

## History

Based in Tumwater, Washington, they were founded in 2008 and played home games in the Nisqually Tribe Youth Recreation Center. They were sponsored by the Little Creek Casino Resort, the Kamilche Trading Post, Farmers Insurance Group, Oympia Physical Therapy, Northwest Sports Medicine Center, and the Brick on Trosper.
After three full seasons in the IBL the Reign and Little Creek Casino Resort parted ways. The club played just two games in 2013 and again in 2014 as a "branding team" in the league, not eligible for IBL playoffs.

## Season-by-season

| Season | W | L | Result | Playoffs |
| 2009 | 0 | 7 | 5th of 5 International Conf. | DNP |
| 2010 | 17 | 6 | 2nd of 8 International Conf. | Lost quarterfinal to Yamhill High Flyers |
| 2011 | 6 | 15 | 7th of 8 International Conf. | Lost quarterfinal to Albany Legends |
| 2012 | 8 | 14 | 4th of 4 International Conf. | Lost semifinal to Portland Chinooks |
| 2013 | 2 | 0 | N/A | DNP |
| 2014 | 0 | 2 | N/A | DNP |
| TOTALS | 33 | 44 | | |
# Richard A. Murphy

Richard A. Murphy (May 20, 1944 – March 24, 2022) was an American neuroscientist. He was the director of the Montreal Neurological Institute (1992–2000), president and CEO of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies (2000–2007), and president of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (2007–2008).

## Early life and education

Murphy was born on May 20, 1944, in Revere, Massachusetts. He was educated at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, receiving his Bachelor of Arts degree in 1966, then attended Northeastern University, where he received his Master of Science (M.S.) in 1970. In 1974, Murphy earned his Ph.D. from Rutgers University.

## Career

Murphy began his career as a neuroscientist and professor at Harvard Medical School, where he taught from 1974 to 1986. He immigrated with his family in 1986 to Edmonton, Alberta, and became the chair of the Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology at the University of Alberta. In 1992, Murphy was named Director of the Montreal Neurological Institute at McGill University, where he expanded the faculty by 20 members and led an effort to establish the Brain Tumour Research Centre. The centre was eventually established in 1999, being the first Canadian centre devoted to researching the cause of brain tumors.
In 2000, Murphy became the president and CEO of the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, where he remained until 2007. He raised $160 million in funding for the organization and founded research in multiple fields there. Murphy was also the president of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine from 2007–2008. His primary research was in neurotrophins, a protein produced by brain cells and the peripheral nervous system.

## Personal life and death

Murphy was known colloquially as "Rich". He was married to Elaine (née Finnegan) Murphy, with whom he had three children: Jane, Mark, and Alison. He died on March 24, 2022, at age 77.
# Kluski (disambiguation)

Kluski (singular kluska or klusek) is a Polish name for various kinds of noodles and dumplings.
Kluski may also refer to:
* Kluski, Wieluń County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
* Kluski, Wieruszów County in Łódź Voivodeship (central Poland)
The singular form is also a surname:
* Roman Kluska, Polish businessman, founder of the company Optimus S.A.
* Jennifer Kluska, American film director
# Koeruna language

Coeruna (Koeruna) is an extinct Witotoan language of Brazil.
# Richard Shope

Richard Edwin Shope (December 25, 1901 – October 2, 1966) was an American virologist who, together with his mentor Paul A. Lewis at the Rockefeller Institute, identified influenzavirus A in pigs in 1931. Using Shope's technique, Smith, Andrewes, and Laidlaw of England's Medical Research Council cultured it from a human in 1933. They and Shope in 1935 and 1936, respectively, identified it as the virus circulating in the 1918 pandemic. In 1933, Shope identified the Shope papilloma virus, which infects rabbits. His discovery later assisted other researchers to link the papilloma virus to warts and cervical cancer. He received the 1957 Albert Lasker Clinical Medical Research Award and was an elected member of the United States National Academy of Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

## Career

In 1931 Shope worked as researcher and together with Paul A. Lewis at Rockefeller University discovered that the cause of swine flu was virtually identical to bacillus influenza, a bacterium that had in 1892 been identified as the cause for human influenza. Shope and Lewis went on to identify a virus that also had links to influenza, putting into doubt the thesis that flu was caused by a bacterial infection. Soon after this controversial discovery, Lewis traveled to Brazil to study an outbreak of yellow fever. The 28 year old Shope had put himself forward for this research trip, but his offer was refused by Lewis. Instead Shope continued to research swine flu. Lewis did not return from the research trip, as he died of a yellow fever infection brought about by a laboratory accident.
Shope continued his work at the Department of Animal Pathology at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in Princeton, New Jersey. In 1933 Wilson Smith, Christopher Andrewes, and Patrick Laidlaw isolated the influenza virus. In 1935 Shope found that humans that had been alive during the 1918-1919 swine flu epidemic still carried antibodies against the swine flu virus. Throughout the 1930s Shope continued to research swine flu. While studying swine flu on farms in Iowa Shope discovered that virus infections caused the mad itch, also known as pseudorabies, in cattle. Scope also discovered that virus infection caused fibroma in the cottontail rabbits he had hunted in New Jersey, and that a virus infection was also responsible for the papillomatosis in the cottontail rabbits he had observed in Iowa. By the last 1930s Shope had established himself as a well-known expert with a reputation as a virus hunter.
Shope left the Rockefeller Institute to join a research team the Canadian Department of National Defence and the US War Department established to investigate rinderpest. The research team was based in Canada, but Shope could not commence research at the speed he was accustomed to, as he was also in active service as Commander in the US Naval Reserve. In 1943 Shope presented his team's research on rinderpest at a meeting hosted by George Merck.

## Family

His son Robert Shope was also a virologist, who specialised in arthropod-borne viruses.
# Knife (disambiguation)

A knife (pl.: knives) is a sharpened hand tool.
Knife or knives may also refer to:

## Tools/weapons

* Blade
* dao, single-bladed Chinese swords
* Knife (envelope)

## Music

* The Knife, a Swedish electronic music duo
* Knife (album), by Aztec Camera
* The Knife (Goldfinger album)
* The Knife (The Knife album)
* "Knife" (Grizzly Bear song)
* "The Knife" (song), by Genesis
* "Knife", a song by Rockwell from Somebody's Watching Me
* "Knives", a song by 10 Years from Minus the Machine
* "Knives", a song by Kim Petras from Turn Off the Light
* "Knives", a song by Shrubbies from Memphis in Texas
* "Knives", a song by Therapy? from Troublegum

## Film and television

* The Knife (1961 film), a 1961 Dutch film
* The Knife (1967 film) [sr], a 1967 Yugoslav film
* The Knife (1999 film), a 1999 Yugoslav film
* "Knives" (Babylon 5), TV series episode
* Knife, TV series character from Annoying Orange

## Books

* Knife (novel), a 2019 novel by Jo Nesbø
* Knife: Meditations After an Attempted Murder, a 2024 memoir by Salman Rushdie
* Knife, a 2009 novel by R. J. Anderson and the first novel in the Faery Rebels series
* The Knife, a 1961 novel by Hal Ellson

## Other uses

* Duncan McCoshan, cartoonist in the Knife and Packer team
* "The Knife", nickname of Martin de Knijff, Swedish gambler
* The Knife, nickname for Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada
# Judge Himes

Judge Himes (1900 – after 1908) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse that was foaled in Kentucky and was the winner of the 1903 Kentucky Derby. He was a chestnut colt sired by imported Esher out of the mare Lullaby (by the great racer Longfellow). He was bred at Hartland Stud in Kentucky and was bought by Charles Ellison in September 1901 for $1,700.
Judge Himes also won the Chicago Hawthorne Handicap, Whirlpool Stakes, and Oak Park Handicap and raced until he was five years old. He was sold in New Orleans to turfman Phill Chin in March 1906 for use as a breeding stallion. Judge Himes was listed in a 1908 advertisement for the Heartland Stud Farm. He was auctioned on March 23, 1908, at Callahan's Stables in Warrenton, Virginia, and sired a few half-bred foals for the farm.

## Pedigree

Pedigree of Judge Himes :
| Sire Esher 1883 | Claremont 1872 | Blair Athol | Stockwell |
| Sire Esher 1883 | Claremont 1872 | Blair Athol | Blink Bonny |
| Sire Esher 1883 | Claremont 1872 | Coimbra | Kingston |
| Sire Esher 1883 | Claremont 1872 | Coimbra | Calcavella |
| Sire Esher 1883 | Una 1866 | Dusk | Wild Dayrell |
| Sire Esher 1883 | Una 1866 | Dusk | Circassian Maid |
| Sire Esher 1883 | Una 1866 | Conjecture | Augur |
| Sire Esher 1883 | Una 1866 | Conjecture | Bran Mare |
| Dam Lullaby 1884 | Longfellow 1867 | Leamington | Faugh-a-Ballagh |
| Dam Lullaby 1884 | Longfellow 1867 | Leamington | Pantaloon Mare |
| Dam Lullaby 1884 | Longfellow 1867 | Nantura | Brawners Eclipse |
| Dam Lullaby 1884 | Longfellow 1867 | Nantura | Quiz |
| Dam Lullaby 1884 | Lady Richards 1872 | War Dance | Lexington |
| Dam Lullaby 1884 | Lady Richards 1872 | War Dance | Reel |
| Dam Lullaby 1884 | Lady Richards 1872 | Lucretia | Yorkshire |
| Dam Lullaby 1884 | Lady Richards 1872 | Lucretia | Boston Mare |
# Cyrtolobus discoidalis

Cyrtolobus discoidalis is a species of treehopper belonging to the family Membracidae.
# Russ Little

Russ Little may refer to:
* Russ Little, musician and member of Lighthouse
* Russ Little, political activist and member of the Symbionese Liberation Army
# Ribes humile

Ribes humile, (ai cu li in Chinese, meaning swamp currant) is a tufted, dioecious shrub native to China, namely in Sichuan province. It is found along the sides of roads in montane woods and thickets, at 1000–3300 meters above sea-level.
Minute flowers arrive in May through June; hairless, red, globular fruits forming in July to August.
# NGC 1871

NGC 1871 (also known as ESO 56-SC85) is an open cluster associated with an emission nebula located in the Dorado constellation within the Large Magellanic Cloud. It was discovered by James Dunlop on November 5, 1826. Its apparent magnitude is 10.21, and its size is 2.0 arc minutes.
NGC 1871 is part of a triple association with NGC 1869 and NGC 1873.
# Jack Nichols

Jack Nichols is the name of:
* Jack Nichols (painter) (1921–2009), Canadian painter
* Jack Nichols (activist) (1938–2005), American LGBT activist
* Jack Nichols (basketball) (1926–1992), American basketball player
* Jack C. Nichols (1930–2007), American politician
# Młotkowice

Młotkowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ruda Maleniecka, within Końskie County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Ruda Maleniecka, 17 km (11 mi) south-west of Końskie, and 40 km (25 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kielce.