OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Kinner B-5

The Kinner B-5 was a popular five cylinder American radial engine for light general and sport aircraft of the 1930s.

## Design and development

The B-5 was a development of the earlier K-5 with slightly greater power and dimensions. The main change was the increase in cylinder bore from 108 mm (4.25 in) to 117 mm (4.625 in) and a corresponding increase in displacement from 372 cu in (6.1 liters ) to 441 cu in (7.2 liters ). One difference the B-5 had from radial engines of other manufacturers was that each individual cylinder had its own camshaft, a system also used by the contemporary Soviet-built, 8.6 litre-displacement Shvetsov M-11 five cylinder radial, while most other radial engine designs used a "cam ring" for the same purpose, connected to every cylinder's valves. The B-5 was a rough running but reliable engine. The B-5 and its derivatives were produced in the thousands, powering many World War II trainer aircraft; its military designation was R-440. The B-5 was followed by the R-5 and R-55.

## Applications

* Fleet Fawn
* Fleet Finch
* Kinner Sportster
* Kinner Sportwing
* Lincoln AP
* Monocoupe 125
* Redfern DH-2
* Ryan PT-22 Recruit
* Savoia-Marchetti S.56

## Specifications (Kinner B-5)

Data from Jane's all the World's Aircraft 1938

### General characteristics

* Type: Five-cylinder, air-cooled, radial
* Bore: 4.625 in (117.5 mm)
* Stroke: 5.25 in (133 mm)
* Displacement: 441 cu in (7.23 L)
* Length: 32.325 in (821.1 mm)
* Diameter: 45.375 in (1,152.5 mm)
* Dry weight: 295 lb (134 kg)

### Components

* Valvetrain: 1 Inlet and 1 Exhaust valve per cylinder, individual camshafts for each cylinder
* Fuel system: 1x Holley or Stromberg Carburetor
* Fuel type: 73 Octane
* Oil system: Circulating dry sump system
* Cooling system: Air-cooled

### Performance

* Power output: 125 hp (93 kW) at 1,925 rpm max; 89 hp (66 kW) at 1,725 rpm cruise
* Compression ratio: 5.25:1
* Specific fuel consumption: 0.60 lb/hp hr (0.365 kg/kw hr)
* Oil consumption: 0.025 lb/hp hr (0.0152 kg/kw hr)
* Power-to-weight ratio: 0.42 hp/lb at cruise
# List of World Heritage Sites in the Soviet Union

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage as described in the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, established in 1972. Cultural heritage consists of monuments (such as architectural works, monumental sculptures, or inscriptions), groups of buildings, and sites (including archaeological sites). Natural features (consisting of physical and biological formations), geological and physiographical formations (including habitats of threatened species of animals and plants), and natural sites which are important from the point of view of science, conservation or natural beauty, are defined as natural heritage. The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), ratified the convention on 12 October 1988. Five sites, all cultural, were inscribed at the 14th session of the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, held in Banff, Alberta, Canada, in 1990. The Soviet Union collapsed a year later and management of all the sites are continued by the successor states: three in Russia, and one each in Ukraine and Uzbekistan.

## World Heritage Sites

UNESCO lists sites under ten criteria; each entry must meet at least one of the criteria. Criteria i through vi are cultural, and vii through x are natural. "SSR" stands for Soviet Socialist Republic, whereas "SFSR" stands for Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.
# Simon Hazlitt

Simon Hazlitt (born 16 October 1966) is a British former field hockey player who competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics. A long-standing member of Winchester Hockey Club, he was elected club president in May 2012. He continues to coach Junior players in the club.
He was formerly the information director at Majedie Asset Management. He currently is the CEO of Supl Ltd.
He is married to Karen and has three children Annabel, Olivia and Freddie and 2 dogs Rosie and Mabel.
# Simon Kaiser

Simon Kaiser (24 October 1828 in Biberist – 27 March 1898) was a Swiss politician and President of the Swiss National Council twice (1868/1869 and 1883/1884).
# List of Ultratop 50 number-one singles of 2006

These hits topped the Ultratop 50 in 2006.
| Issue Date | Artist | Song |
| January 7 | Kippensoep All Stars | Kippensoep voor iedereen (Chicken Soup For Everyone) |
| January 14 | Udo | Isn't it time |
| January 21 | Udo | Isn't it time |
| January 28 | Udo | Isn't it time |
| February 4 | Udo | Isn't it time |
| February 11 | Udo | Isn't it time |
| February 18 | Udo | Isn't it time |
| February 25 | Belle Perez | El mundo bailando |
| March 4 | Belle Perez | El mundo bailando |
| March 11 | Belle Perez | El mundo bailando |
| March 18 | Kate Ryan | Je t'adore (I Adore You) |
| March 25 | Kate Ryan | Je t'adore |
| April 1 | Kate Ryan | Je t'adore |
| April 8 | Kate Ryan | Je t'adore |
| April 15 | Kate Ryan | Je t'adore |
| April 22 | The Pussycat Dolls featuring will.i.am | Beep |
| April 29 | The Black Eyed Peas | Pump It |
| May 6 | Shakira featuring Wyclef Jean | Hips Don't Lie |
| May 13 | Shakira featuring Wyclef Jean | Hips Don't Lie |
| May 20 | Marco Borsato | Rood (Red) |
| May 27 | Marco Borsato | Rood |
| June 3 | Marco Borsato | Rood |
| June 10 | Marco Borsato | Rood |
| June 17 | Marco Borsato | Rood |
| June 24 | Marco Borsato | Rood |
| July 1 | Marco Borsato | Rood |
| July 8 | Laura Lynn | Jij bent de mooiste (You Are the Most Beautiful) |
| July 15 | Laura Lynn | Jij bent de mooiste |
| July 22 | Laura Lynn | Jij bent de mooiste |
| July 29 | Marco Borsato | Rood |
| August 5 | Marco Borsato | Rood |
| August 12 | Henkie | Lief klein konijntje (Cute Little Bunny) |
| August 19 | Henkie | Lief klein konijntje |
| August 26 | Henkie | Lief klein konijntje |
| September 2 | Henkie | Lief klein konijntje |
| September 9 | Henkie | Lief klein konijntje |
| September 16 | Henkie | Lief klein konijntje |
| September 23 | Bob Sinclar, Cutee-B, Dollarman and Big Ali | Rock This Party (Everybody Dance Now) |
| September 30 | Bob Sinclar, Cutee-B, Dollarman and Big Ali | Rock This Party (Everybody Dance Now) |
| October 7 | Bob Sinclar, Cutee-B, Dollarman and Big Ali | Rock This Party (Everybody Dance Now) |
| October 14 | Bob Sinclar, Cutee-B, Dollarman and Big Ali | Rock This Party (Everybody Dance Now) |
| October 21 | Scissor Sisters | I Don't Feel Like Dancin' |
| October 28 | Scissor Sisters | I Don't Feel Like Dancin' |
| November 4 | Scissor Sisters | I Don't Feel Like Dancin' |
| November 11 | Scissor Sisters | I Don't Feel Like Dancin' |
| November 18 | Scissor Sisters | I Don't Feel Like Dancin' |
| November 25 | Scissor Sisters | I Don't Feel Like Dancin' |
| December 2 | Scissor Sisters | I Don't Feel Like Dancin' |
| December 9 | Clouseau | Vonken en vuur (Sparks and Fire) |
| December 16 | Clouseau | Vonken en vuur |
| December 23 | Clouseau | Vonken en vuur |
| December 30 | Clouseau | Vonken en vuur |
# 1975 Scheldeprijs

The 1975 Scheldeprijs was the 62nd edition of the Scheldeprijs cycle race and was held on 29 July 1975. The race was won by Ronald De Witte.

## General classification

| Rank | Rider | Time |
| 1 | Ronald De Witte (BEL) | 5h 44' 30" |
| 2 | Dietrich Thurau (FRG) | + 0" |
| 3 | Freddy Maertens (BEL) | + 11" |
| 4 | Roger De Vlaeminck (BEL) | + 11" |
| 5 | Frans Verbeeck (BEL) | + 11" |
| 6 | Marc Demeyer (BEL) | + 11" |
| 7 | Jozef Abelshausen [nl] (BEL) | + 11" |
| 8 | Frans Van Looy (BEL) | + 11" |
| 9 | Eric Van De Wiele (BEL) | + 11" |
| 10 | José De Cauwer (BEL) | + 11" |
# 1974–75 Montana Grizzlies basketball team

The 1974–75 Montana Grizzlies basketball team represented the University of Montana during the 1974–75 NCAA Division I basketball season. Charter members of the Big Sky Conference, the Grizzlies were led by fourth-year head coach Jud Heathcote and played their home games on campus at Adams Fieldhouse in Missoula, Montana.
They finished the regular season at 20–6, with a 13–1 record in conference to win the title (by four games) and earned a berth in the expanded 32-team NCAA tournament. This season was the last for the Big Sky without a conference tournament; Montana's sole conference loss was on the road to defending champion Idaho State.
In the opening round of the NCAA tournament at Pullman, Washington, Montana surprised Utah State and won by six points. It was a homecoming for Heathcote, an alumnus of Washington State and former assistant coach, so the Griz had plenty of support in the arena among the locals and traveling Montana supporters.
With the win, Montana advanced to the Sweet Sixteen at the West Regional in Portland, Oregon, and met second-ranked UCLA. In a game that went down to the last seconds, the Bruins won by just three points; they went on to win the national championship in John Wooden's final season as head coach.
Montana lost the third-place game to UNLV by eight points to finish the season at 21–8 (.724).
Two seniors were on the all-conference team, center Ken McKenzie and swingman Eric Hays; freshman guard Micheal Ray Richardson was honorable mention. Richardson was all-conference the next three years, the fourth overall selection of the 1978 NBA draft, and a four-time NBA All-Star.

## Postseason results

| Date time, TV | Opponent | Result | Record | Site (attendance) city, state |
| NCAA tournament |||||
| Sat, March 15* 8:10 pm | vs. Utah State First round | W 69–63 | 21–6 | WSU Coliseum (10,500) Pullman, Washington |
| Thu, March 20* 8:10 pm | vs. No. 2 UCLA Regional semifinal (Sweet 16) | L 64–67 | 21–7 | Memorial Coliseum (9,797) Portland, Oregon |
| Sat, March 22* 12:00 pm | vs. No. 16 UNLV Regional Third Place | L 67–75 | 21–8 | Memorial Coliseum (8,534) Portland, Oregon |
| *Non-conference game. $^#$Rankings from AP Poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses. All times are in Mountain time. |||||
# 1977–78 Sheffield Shield season

The 1977–78 Sheffield Shield season was the 76th season of the Sheffield Shield, the domestic first-class cricket competition of Australia. Western Australia won the championship. Tasmania competed for the first time.

## Table

| Team | Played | Won | Drawn | Lost | Batting points | Bowling points | Win points | Total Points |
| Western Australia | 9 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 37 | 40 | 70 | 147 |
| Queensland | 9 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 43 | 38 | 40 | 121 |
| Victoria | 9 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 45 | 42 | 30 | 117 |
| South Australia | 9 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 19 | 30 | 20 | 82 |
| New South Wales | 9 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 32 | 38 | 10 | 80 |
| Tasmania | 5 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 32 | 21 | 0 | 54 |

## Statistics
### Most Runs

David Ogilvie 1060

### Most Wickets

David Hourn 48
# Silvia Parietti

Silvia Parietti (born 19 March 1978) is a road cyclist from Italy. She represented her nation at the 2001, 2003 and 2004 UCI Road World Championships. In 2005, she won the Italian National Road Race Championships.
# 1977 Pacific Southwest Open

The 1977 Pacific Southwest Open, also known under its sponsorship name 1977 Arco–Pacific Southwest Open, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Pauley Pavilion in Los Angeles, California in the United States. The event was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit and categorized as five-star. It was the 51st edition of the tournament and was held from March 28 through April 3, 1977, a departure from its customary slot in September. Third-seeded Stan Smith won the singles title and $23,625 first-prize money as well as 150 ranking points.

## Finals
### Singles

Stan Smith defeated Brian Gottfried 6–4, 2–6, 6–3

### Doubles

Bob Hewitt / Frew McMillan defeated Bob Lutz / Stan Smith 6–3, 6–4
# Simonside Hills

The Simonside Hills are a hill range in Northumberland, England near the town of Rothbury. Most of the hills are around 300–400 metres (980–1,310 ft) high and are popular spots for hikers in the area. The highest point is Tosson Hill at 440 metres (1,444 ft).
There are several single pitch rock climbing crags dotted along the hillside, notably Simonside North Face and Ravensheugh.

## Etymology

In a document dated to 1279 Simonside was called Simundessete. By 1580 the name had become Simontside. The name may be a corruption of Sigemund's seat or Sigemund's settlement. Sigemund or Sigmund is the name of an old Germanic hero from the Volsunga Saga and the Nibelungenlied who is mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon poem Beowulf. WW Tomlinson, in his Comprehensive Guide To Northumberland (1916), stated that "Simon of mythology was, it seems, a domestic brewer to King Arthur, identical with the German Sigmund, and very fond of killing dragons". This points to the possibility that the Simon of Simonside Hill is the Sigemund mentioned in Beowulf and subsequently Norse and Teutonic myths. It is worth noting that in Scandinavia and Germany, Sigmund is not generally associated with dragon-slaying, his son Sigurd or Siegfried is. His killing of a dragon was mentioned in Beowulf, however.
An alternative derivation for the name is a corruption of "seaman's sight", allegedly because the hills are visible from the North Sea. . This is almost certainly false etymology, however, as the word (ge)sete means seat or settlement and not sight. The Old English word for sight is gesiht and the old English for seaman is sæmanna and thus Seaman's Sight (or "Sæmannas(ge)siht") is unlikely to have become Simundessete in Middle English.

## Folklore

In Rothbury folklore Simonside Hills overlooking Rothbury has a mythical creature called a deaugar (Norse for 'dwarf'). It is said that the creature lures people at night by its lantern light towards bogs or cliffs in order to kill them. The village below the hills Rothbury has an art gallery called Red Deaugar Art Gallery named after the creature. There is also an annual 10-mile winter nighttime trail run in the Simonside Hills celebrating this folklore, called The Duergar Nightcrawler

## Geodesy

Up to 1919 one of the hills of Simonside was the origin (meridian) of the 6 inch and 1:2500 Ordnance Survey maps of Northumberland. After that the maps of Northumberland were drawn according to the meridian of Brandon Down in Durham.

## In popular culture

Vera, an ITV crime drama, had an episode that was filmed at Simonside Hills, this being Darkwater (Season 8 Episode 4).
# 1979–80 Maltese Premier League

The 1979–80 Maltese First Division was the 65th season of top-tier football in Malta. It was contested by 10 teams, and Valletta F.C. won the championship.

## League standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| 1 | Valletta F.C. (C) | 18 | 14 | 3 | 1 | 59 | 8 | +51 | 31 | Qualification for the European Cup |
| 2 | Sliema Wanderers F.C. | 18 | 13 | 2 | 3 | 47 | 11 | +36 | 28 | Qualification for the UEFA Cup |
| 3 | Floriana F.C. | 18 | 12 | 4 | 2 | 35 | 6 | +29 | 28 | |
| 4 | Hibernians F.C. | 18 | 11 | 4 | 3 | 46 | 11 | +35 | 26 | Qualification for the European Cup Winners' Cup |
| 5 | Hamrun Spartans F.C. | 18 | 9 | 2 | 7 | 28 | 24 | +4 | 20 | |
| 6 | Birkirkara F.C. | 18 | 6 | 2 | 10 | 23 | 38 | −15 | 14 | |
| 7 | Marsa F.C. | 18 | 6 | 1 | 11 | 14 | 40 | −26 | 13 | |
| 8 | Zebbug Rangers (R) | 18 | 2 | 4 | 12 | 9 | 31 | −22 | 8 | Relegation |
| 9 | Qormi F.C. (R) | 18 | 3 | 1 | 14 | 13 | 65 | −52 | 7 | Relegation |
| 10 | St. George's F.C. (R) | 18 | 1 | 3 | 14 | 9 | 49 | −40 | 5 | Relegation |
* ↑ Hibernians qualified for the Cup Winners' Cup as Maltese FA Trophy Winners

## Results

| Home \ Away | BKR | FRN | HIB | ĦMR | MRS | QOR | SLM | STG | VLT | ZEB |
| Birkirkara | — | 1–3 | 0–5 | 5–1 | 0–0 | 4–1 | 0–7 | 0–0 | 0–4 | 1–0 |
| Floriana | 1–0 | — | 0–0 | 0–0 | 2–0 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 3–0 | 1–1 | 0–0 |
| Hibernians | 3–0 | 0–1 | — | 2–2 | 2–1 | 3–0 | 1–1 | 3–0 | 0–1 | 2–1 |
| Ħamrun Spartans | 0–1 | 0–4 | 1–3 | — | 1–0 | 1–0 | 0–1 | 3–1 | 1–4 | 4–0 |
| Marsa | 3–1 | 0–8 | 1–0 | 0–1 | — | 3–0 | 0–7 | 2–0 | 0–4 | 2–0 |
| Qormi | 2–6 | 0–3 | 0–7 | 0–4 | 5–0 | — | 0–5 | 0–1 | 0–11 | 1–0 |
| Sliema Wanderers | 2–1 | 2–1 | 0–2 | 3–1 | 1–0 | 8–0 | — | 3–0 | 0–2 | 1–0 |
| St. George's | 0–1 | 1–5 | 0–9 | 0–3 | 1–2 | 1–3 | 1–3 | — | 0–2 | 1–1 |
| Valletta | 3–1 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 6–0 | 7–1 | 0–0 | 5–1 | — | 4–0 |
| Żebbuġ Rangers | 3–1 | 0–1 | 1–3 | 0–3 | 1–0 | 0–0 | 1–3 | 1–1 | 0–3 | — |
# 1975 Citizen's Classic

The 1975 Citizen's Classic, also known as the Hong Kong Open, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Hong Kong. It was the third edition of the event and was held from 10 November through 16 November 1975. The tournament was part of the Grade B tier of the 1975 Grand Prix tennis circuit. Unseeded Tom Gorman won the singles title.

## Finals
### Singles

Tom Gorman defeated Sandy Mayer 6–3, 6–1, 6–1
* It was Gorman's 2nd singles title of the year and the 5th of his career.

### Doubles

Tom Okker / Ken Rosewall defeated Bob Carmichael / Sandy Mayer 6–3, 6–4
# Sinasir

Sinasir is a Nigerian delicacy made from rice popular amongst the northern region. The type of rice used are of two types: Cooked and soaked rice.
The rice meal is prepared by blending cooked and soaked rice which are blended and fried. Other ingredients used include sugar, salt, milk, egg, onion, and vegetable oil.
Sinasir is one of the many sweet recipes in the northern part of Nigeria. It is made with a short-grain rice of the same type used to make tuwon shinkafa.
# 1977–78 Tongan A Grade

The 1977-78 season of the Tongan A Grade was the sixth recorded season of top flight association football competition in Tonga. Veitongo FC won the championship, their first title. The season began on the December 17, 1977.

## Teams

* Funga'onetaka
* Kolofoʻou
* Ma'ufanga
* Ngeleʻia FC
* Toafaka'amu
* Veitongo I
* Veitongo II
# Simshar incident

Simshar incident refers to an incident whereby four people died before or after an explosion took place aboard a fishing vessel named Simshar off the eastern coast of Malta. The incident took place on July 11, 2008.

## Incident

On the morning of 7 July 2008, Simshar departed the coast of Marsaxlokk, a small, traditional fishing village in the South Eastern Region of Malta on a fishing trip, expected to return on 11 July. The boat was carrying five people - its owner, Simon Bugeja, his father Karmenu Bugeja, his 11-year-old son Theo Bugeja, a Maltese man named Noel Carabott, and a Somali man named Abdulrahman Abdala Gedi. It is believed that a blast took place on board the vessel on 11 July, destroying the boat. The five people on board survived the blast and survived for several days adrift a makeshift raft made of floating debris from the blast.

## Victims

Four of the five people on board the Simshar died in the days following the incident, Simon Bugeja being the sole survivor. According to Simon Bugeja, Abdulrahman Abdala Gedi died on 12 July, followed by Noel Carabott on 13 July, Karmenu Bugeja on 14 July, and Theo Bugeja on 18 July. The bodies of three of the victims were recovered, however that of Theo Bugeja was never found. Following an extensive search by the Armed Forces of Malta, and the Maltese fishing community, a fishing vessel called the Grecale found Simon Bugeja alive on 18 July.

## In popular culture

The incident was dramatised by Maltese director Rebecca Cremona through a 2014 film titled Simshar.
# Simon Brown

Simon Brown may refer to:
* Simon Brome (died 1603), or Brown, MP for Canterbury
* Simon Brown (author) (born 1956), Australian science fiction writer
* Simon Brown (cricketer) (born 1969), English cricketer
* Simon Brown (footballer, born 1976), English footballer
* Simon Brown (footballer, born 1983), English footballer
* Simon Brown (boxer) (born 1963), Jamaican boxer
* Simon Brown (musician), British composer, singer and conductor
* Simon Brown (Massachusetts politician) (1802–1873), Lieutenant Governor for Massachusetts
* Simon Brown (skier) (born 1942), Australian Olympic skier
* Simon Brown, Baron Brown of Eaton-under-Heywood (1937–2023), British judge, Law Lord and member of the British Privy Council
* Simon P. Brown (born 1963), English golfer
* Simon Brown (rugby league) (born 1989), English rugby league player
# Simon Brothers Company

The Simon Brothers Company is a historic six-story building in Omaha, Nebraska. It was built in 1919 by J.L. Carnecie & Sons for its namesake, a wholesale grocer whose president was Jacob Simon Sr., and designed by architect John Latenser Sr. It was acquired at auction by the Shade Island Hospital Trust Company in May 1932, and it belonged to the Remnik Corporation from December 1932 to July 1941. It was then acquired by the Ford Brothers Van and Storage Company, who sold it to the Ray A. Ford Real Estate Company in 1955, and it was acquired by the Dodge Street Limited Partnership in 1996. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since April 1, 1999.
# 1978 Guatemalan general election

General elections were held in Guatemala on 5 March 1978. No candidate received more than 50% of the vote in the presidential election, resulting in Fernando Romeo Lucas García being elected president by Congress with 35 votes, amidst an opposition boycott. The Congressional elections were won by the National Liberation Movement.

## Results
### President

| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Popular vote | Popular vote | Congress vote | Congress vote |
| Candidate | Candidate | Party | Votes | % | Votes | % |
| | Fernando Romeo Lucas García | PID–PR–CAO | 262,960 | 40.33 | 35 | 100.00 |
| | Enrique Peralta Azurdia | National Liberation Movement | 221,223 | 33.93 | | |
| | Ricardo Peralta Méndez | DCG–PRA | 167,890 | 25.75 | | |
| Total | Total | Total | 652,073 | 100.00 | 35 | 100.00 |
| Valid votes | Valid votes | Valid votes | | | 35 | 100.00 |
| Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | Invalid/blank votes | | | 0 | 0.00 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | | | 35 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | Registered voters/turnout | 1,785,764 | – | 60 | 58.33 |
| Source: Nohlen, ISLA |||||||

### Congress

| Party | Party | Seats | +/– |
| | National Liberation Movement | 20 | +4 |
| | Institutional Democratic Party | 17 | +3 |
| | Revolutionary Party | 14 | +4 |
| | Guatemalan Christian Democracy | 7 | – |
| | Central Aranista Organization | 3 | –3 |
| Total | Total | 61 | +1 |
| Source: Nohlen ||||
# Simon of Clermont-Nesle (bishop)

Simon of Clermont-Nesle (born after 1250 – died 22 December 1312 or c. February 1313), Peer of France and bishop of Noyon (1297–1301) and Bishop-count of Beauvais (1301–c. 1312).
Simon was one of few bishops that supported King Philip IV "the fair" of France against Pope Boniface VIII (c. 1235–1303), to strengthen the monarchy and make the Church support the state's finances in the time of war, while the Pope demanded the privilege of exemption from tax, in spite of extreme wealth, and proclaimed that the Pope is above every king in authority, but the king engaged the best available lawyers for his case. The conflict led in 1309 to the moving of the Papal court, under Pope Clement V (c. 1264–1314), to Avignon, outside the king's realm.

## Family background

Simon was a son of Simon II of Clermont, Seigneur of Ailly, Maulette and Nesle (c. 1216–1286) by Adele of Montfort (d. 1279), daughter of Amaury VI of Montfort. The father was a counsellor of King "Saint" Louis IX of France and was appointed regent ("lieutenant") while the king went away on the Seventh Crusade.
Simon had three brothers and at least one sister, whose son was the famous Robert VIII Bertrand (fr), a Marshal of France. His brothers were famous French generals, Raoul of Clermont, Viscount of Châteaudun and Seigneur of Nesle, Constable and Grand Chamberlain of France, and Guy I of Clermont, Marshal of France, Seigneur of Offemont and Ailly, both killed 1302 in the Battle of the Golden Spurs.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Simon of Clermont-Nesle (bishop) :