OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Jawn Sandifer

Jawn Ardin Sandifer (June 6, 1914 – September 1, 2006) was an American civil rights attorney, judge and New York State Supreme Court Justice. Sandifer headed the NAACP's New York State branch and was involved in cases, including school segregation. He argued Henderson v. United States (1950) before the U.S. Supreme Court.

## Early life and education

Born John Sandifer on June 6, 1914, in Greensboro, North Carolina, he was one of Charles and Nettie Sandifer's nine children. In college, he changed his first name from John to Jawn. Sandifer graduated from Johnson C. Smith University in 1935 and in 1938 he earned his law degree from the Howard University School of Law.

## Career

Early in his legal career, Sandifer was dedicated to fighting Jim Crow laws. During World War II, he served in the Army's criminal investigation unit. In 1949, he moved to New York City and opened a private legal practice in Harlem. The same year, he was elected to serve as one of the two lawyers for the New York branch of NAACP, working with Thurgood Marshall. In 1950, while working with the NAACP, he had the opportunity to argue a key discrimination case for the U.S. Supreme Court case, Henderson v. United States.
His judicial career started in 1964, when he was appointed to the civil court bench in New York City by mayor Robert F. Wagner. In 1982, Sandifer won the election for State Supreme Court in Manhattan. He retired in 1992.

### New York City Sanitation Department case

In 1986, there was a case involving a change to the City Sanitation Department entrance exam. The union, Uniformed Sanitationmen's Association, alleged that the most recent entrance test for the job was too easy and "noncompetitive". The older, 1974 version of the entrance test and examination, had involved obstacle courses with scaling eight-foot walls, and was unrelated to the job of hauling garbage. Of 45,000 people who took the 1986 version of the exam, 44,000 earned the highest grade and 1,710 of those were women. Sandifer approved the use of the current version of the entrance exam, siding with the City Sanitation Department in his ruling and allowed the City Sanitation Department to hire its first women.

### Legal Right to Die case

Thomas Wirth, who had AIDS and a brain infection, drafted a living will in April 1987 with his legal guardian. It stated that if he could not be restored to a "meaningful quality of life," he wished to be allowed the right to die "without extraordinary medical measures". In July 1987, Judge Sandifer sided with Bellevue Hospital, the hospital giving life prolonging treatment to Wirth, because it had not been proven that Wirth's brain infection was not treatable. Wirth died in August of the same year, of an AIDS-related brain infection.

## Personal life

Sandifer was married to Laura Sandifer until her death in 1993.Together they had a son named Floyd. Sandifer's second wife was Elsa Krueger–Sandifer
Sandifer died at age 92 on September 1, 2016, due to cancer. Sandifer is buried in Oakland Cemetery in Sag Harbor, New York.
# Jason Wells (playwright)

Jason Wells (born 1960) is an American actor and award-winning playwright.

## Career

Wells's first play, "Men of Tortuga", had critically acclaimed runs at Steppenwolf Theatre's First Look Repertory of New Work, the Asolo Repertory Theatre in Sarasota, and the Profiles Theatre in Chicago. It has also received productions at Apollinaire Theatre Company in Massachusetts; Furious Theatre Company in Pasadena; Purple Heart Theatre in Dublin, Ireland; and Street Corner Arts in Austin.
Wells's second play, "Perfect Mendacity", was a commission from Manhattan Theatre Club and the Sloan Foundation. Like "Men of Tortuga", it debuted at Steppenwolf and went on to its official world premiere at the Asolo. In 2010, it was a finalist for the American Theatre Critics Association's Steinberg/New Play Award, and won the ATCA M. Elizabeth Osborn Award.
"The North Plan" debuted at First Look in 2010, and had its official world premiere run at Portland Center Stage in Portland, Oregon, to more critical acclaim.
Wells is also an actor with numerous TV, film, and stage credits. His movie credits include The Weather Man, Lana's Rain, No Sleep 'Til Madison, The Watcher, and The Public Eye. His TV credits include a recurring role on Prison Break.
# Pearson Renegade

The Pearson Renegade is a 27' sloop rigged sailboat produced by Pearson Yachts of Bristol, RI from 1966-1969, with the first boats being sold in 1967. Designed by William Shaw, about 175 of the boats were built. They were Pearson's first split underbody boat and were designed to Cruising Club of America racing rules. They are also one of the first American "racer-cruiser" style boats that combine the comforts of a cruising boat with the advantage of a modified full keel with a spade rudder (see photo), like that of the Bill Lapworth Cal 40 designs that revolutionized ocean racing in the mid-late 1960s. The keel allows the boat to track well and have good stability. The deep balanced rudder allows a high degree of maneuverability, and the turning radius of the boat is very tight. It continues to be a sought after boat because of their stout construction and kindly sailing ability.
Early versions had a traditional two settee salon, while boats produced in 1968 and after feature a more modern galley starboard and settee to port. Both have a spacious V-berth over six feet long and were available with either a 30-HP Universal Atomic 4 gas inboard or an outboard well. The cockpit can comfortably accommodate 4-6 people, and the boat can sleep 4 adults below decks. Standard steering on the boat was with a tiller, but many owners have installed after-market wheel steering. Other typical upgrades would include a roller furling headstay to replace the original forestay, and upgraded instrumentation such as depth, speed, and wind gauges, which did not come standard on the original boats. For more information on upgrades and projects on the Pearson Renegade, visit the Renegade homepage via the link at the bottom of the page.

## Specifications

| LOA | 27'2" (27' sloop) |
| LWL | 21" |
| Beam | 8'7" |
| Draft | 4'3" |
| Displacement | 6500 lbs |
| Ballast | 2100 lbs (Internal Lead) |
| Head Room | 5' 10'' |
| Berths | 4 |
| Water Capacity | 20 gals. |
| Fuel Capacity | 13 gals. |
| CCA Rating | 22.6 app. |
| Rigging | Masthead sloop |
| Sails ||
| Main | 174 ft$^2$ |
| #1 Genoa (163%) | 277 ft$^2$ |
| #2 Genoa (153%) | 240 ft$^2$ |
| #3 Genoa (110%) | 198 ft$^2$ |
| Spinnaker | CCA Rules |
# Mandjelia yuccabine

Mandjelia yuccabine is a species of mygalomorph spider in the Barychelidae family. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 1994 by Australian arachnologists Robert Raven and Tracey Churchill. The specific epithet yuccabine refers to the type locality.

## Distribution and habitat

The species occurs in Far North Queensland in rainforest habitats. The type locality is Yuccabine Creek in the Kirrama Range between Cairns and Townsville.
# Mandjet Chasma

Mandjet Chasma is a chasma on Pluto's moon Charon. Mandjet Chasma is 385 km (239 mi) long, and about 5–7 km (3.1–4.3 mi) deep with an average width of 30 km (19 mi). The chasma is part of a global tectonic belt: a series of canyons, scarps, and troughs that traverse the face of Charon along the northern edge of Vulcan Planitia. The feature was discovered using stereoscopic processing of New Horizons images.
# Tarui-juku

Tarui-juku (垂井宿, Tarui-juku) was the fifty-seventh of the sixty-nine stations of the Nakasendō connecting Edo with Kyoto in Edo period Japan. It is located in former Mino Province in what is now part of the town of Tarui, Fuwa District, Gifu Prefecture, Japan.

## History

Tarui-juku is one of the oldest settlements on the Nakasendō. It is mentioned in 12th century accounts, but is probably much older, as it grew up around the ichinomiya of Mino Province (the Nangū Taisha and the Nara period provincial capital). Its location made it an important market town, as it was also located on an intersection of the Nakasendō with the Minoji, a 60 kilometer secondary road which connected the Nakasendō with the Tōkaidō at Miya-juku, with nine post stations. The town thus served as a major transportation hub for western Mino Province, benefitting also from its location on the banks of the Ai River.
In the early Edo period, the system of post stations on the Nakasendō was formalized by the Tokugawa shogunate in 1602, and it became a stopping place for traveling merchants and was on the sankin-kōtai route used by various western daimyō to-and-from the Shogun's court in Edo. Tarui-juku was divided into three parts: western, middle and eastern. Its honjin was located in the middle section.
Per the 1843 "中山道宿村大概帳" (Nakasendō Shukuson Taigaichō) guidebook issued by the Inspector of Highways (道中奉行, Dōchu-būgyō), the town had a population of 1179 people in 315 houses, including one honjin, one waki-honjin, and 27 hatago.
The honjin was in the middle section of the post station, and only its gate remains. Several old houses are still standing and two old inns, the Nagahama and the Kamemuraya (rebuilt in 1777) still survive.

## Tarui-juku in The Sixty-nine Stations of the Kiso Kaidō

Utagawa Hiroshige's ukiyo-e print of Tarui-juku dates from 1835 -1838. The print depicts the pine tree lined route of the highway, with a daimyō procession approaching. A station official walks in front of the procession to warn passersby to kneel to show their respect. Low stone walls mark the border of the post station, and the vanguard of the procession, wearing straw raincoats, has already crossed. The kago with the daimyō inside can just been seen in the distance. On one side of the composition is a tea house advertising Chazuke, a dish made by muring green tea over boiled rice. It also displays the mark of Hiroshige's publisher Kinjudo, and prints for sale can be seen hanging inside the building. Similarly, another open-fronted building selling prints is located on the opposite side of the road.

## Neighboring post towns
### Nakasendō

    Akasaka-juku - Tarui-juku - Sekigahara-juku

### Minoji

    Ōgaki-juku - Tarui-juku (ending location)
# Taševo

Taševo is a village in the municipality of Prijepolje, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 2061 people.
# Man-Machine

Man-Machine or Man and Machine may refer to:

## Technology

* Human–computer interaction, man-machine interaction (MMI)
* MML (programming language), a man-machine language
* Cyborg, a cybernetic organism which enhances its abilities by using technology
* Transhumanism, the idea of human enhancement via technology

## Music

* The Man-Machine, a 1978 album by Kraftwerk
* Man vs. Machine, a 2002 album by rapper Xzibit
* Man and Machine (album), a 2002 album by U.D.O.
* Man Machine, an early '90s techno/electro project, signed to Rhythm King

## Other

* Machine Man, a 1977 character created by Jack Kirby for Marvel Comics
* Mann & Machine, a 1992 American science fiction police drama television series
* Ghost in the Shell 2: Man-Machine Interface, a 1997 manga by Masamune Shirow
* Man a Machine, a 1748 work of materialist philosophy by French physician and philosopher Julien Offray de La Mettrie
* Maschinenmensch ("machine-human"), a robot featured in the film Metropolis
# Man-Made

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Guardian | |
| LAS Magazine | 8/10 |
| Neumu | 7/10 |
| Pitchfork | 7.4/10 |
| PopMatters | 8/10 |
| Rolling Stone | |
Man-Made is the eighth studio album by Scottish alternative rock band Teenage Fanclub, released on 9 May 2005. It was released on the band's own PeMa label in Europe and on Merge Records in North America.

## Recording

Guitarist Norman Blake said, "We'd liked what John McEntire had done on the Stereolab records, so we got in touch with him. He was up for it, and suggested we come to Chicago. We hardly took any equipment, just some guitars and a pair of drumsticks. We even borrowed a guitar from Jeff Tweedy. I'm glad we did, otherwise we'd have been fucked. We'd have had to buy one!" The album was mostly recorded and mixed at McEntire's Soma Electronic Music Studios, with additional recording and editing at guitarist Raymond McGinley's home studio in Glasgow, and at Riverside Studios in Busby near Glasgow.

## Personnel
### Teenage Fanclub

* Norman Blake – vocals, guitar
* Gerard Love – vocals, bass
* Raymond McGinley – vocals, guitar
* Francis Macdonald – drums

### Additional musicians

* John McCusker – violin, viola
* John McEntire – piano on "Only with You"

### Technical

* John McEntire – engineer, mixing
* Tim Iseler – engineer (Soma)
* Nick Brine – engineer (Raymond's house, Riverside Studios)
* Annabel Wright – artwork
* Peter Love – layout
# Indian Institute of Soybean Research

The Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Indore (ICAR-IISR) is an agricultural research institution located in Indore (Madhya Pradesh, India) that focuses on basic and strategic research on soybeans.
IISR was established under the aegis of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), a government agency. It conducts agricultural research on soybean breeding, improvement, pathology, and value additions using soybean. The IISR coordinates and facilitates the conduct of soybean research at the national level through the All India Coordinated Research Projects on soybean (AICRP on Soybean) as well as providing links between various national and international agencies.

## History

The National Research Centre for Soybean was established in 1987 to conduct basic and strategic research on soybeans. The center has since been upgraded into a Directorate. The ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research (IISR) is one of the leading research and development institutions in the field of soybeans. As a centralised research support organization, it provides basic technologies as well as breeding material for production system research. Through the All India Coordinated Research Project on Soybean (AICRPS), it is also responsible for inter-disciplinary and multi-location research.

## Mandate

The dissemination of soybean crop technology and capacity building, as well as trainings at the national and international level. Improve soybean production and quality by conducting research and providing access to information, knowledge (including the preservation of soybeans against pests and insects) and genetic material. Research and development programs at the Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Indore, have continuously developed new soybean varieties over the past decades. National and International collaboration on soybean crop.
# Jayakeralam

Jayakeralam was a Malayalam–language weekly literary magazine published from Madras (now Chennai). It was established by C. R. Krishna Pillai in 1947 in order to encourage Malayalam writers both in Madras and Kerala, and to vocalise the "special needs" of the Malayali people. Jayakeralam was printed from Janatha Printing Press, also set up by Pillai in Madras. C. K. Appukutty Guptan was the editor of the magazine. Some of the most outstanding works of Malayalam literature were first published serially in this prestige periodical. Prominent writers such as P. Bhaskaran, Pavanan etc. had worked in the editorial board of Jayakeralam. It was one of the most popular literary magazines in Malayalam for three decades, but the publishers discontinued it in the 1990s.
# Pediasia luteella

Pediasia luteella is a species of moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Michael Denis and Ignaz Schiffermüller in 1775. It is found in most of Europe (except Ireland, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the Iberian Peninsula). In the east, the range extends to Central Asia, the northern Caucasus, Transcaucasia, southern Siberia and Mongolia.
Adults are on wing from the end of May to mid-July in one generation per year.
The larvae feed on Festuca ovina and Poa species.
# The Pork Butcher

The Pork Butcher is a novel by English writer David Hughes, first published in 1984, and winner of the 1984 Welsh Arts council prize and the 1985 WH Smith Literary Award.

## Outline

Based on the massacre of the inhabitants of Oradour-sur-Glane and the subsequent memorialisation of the razed village, the novel recounts the return of a former German soldier, Ernst Kestner, a Lübeck pork butcher dying of lung cancer, to the village of Lascaud-sur-Marn where he was quartered, where he fell in love, and where he participated in an unthinkable atrocity. Dealing with themes of guilt and reparation, and memory and its exploitation, the book centres less on the horror of war - which is by no means absent - than on the paradoxical nature of human relations. Kestner's attempts to expiate his remorse collide with his daughter's resistance to know on the one hand, and what one survivor, the local mayor and national deputy, has made of having his own personal history reduced to ashes from one day to the next. A short novel which eschews character development for paradoxical dialogue and plot twist, it is one of Hughes' most successful, having been filmed as Souvenir. In his characterisations of Kestner, his daughter Louise, her husband Henri, and the deputy Lorion, Hughes also attempts to seize upon salient aspects of German and French character, sometimes more to the detriment of the latter than the former.
# Tattenhall Hall

Tattenhall Hall is a country house standing to the south of the village of Tattenhall, Cheshire, England. The house is designated by English Heritage as a Grade II* listed building.
The house was built in the early part of the 17th century, before 1622, for Richard Bostock. Sir J Bradshaw of Chester owned the house by 1666 and it later became a farmhouse.
The house was bought in 1856 by Robert Barbour who restored the house and commissioned Thomas Harrison to design gate piers and farm buildings. In the early 20th century the owners were the Cooke family. In 1994 the house, along with 4.5 acres (1.8 ha) of land, was bought by the Benfields and Jannie Hollins and Chris Evered.

## Architecture

The house is constructed in brick with sandstone dressings and a Welsh slate roof, and is an early example of a brick building in Cheshire. The architectural style is Jacobean. It has an irregular H-shaped plan, in two and three storeys, with an entrance front of five bays. It contains two gables that are similar in style, but have difference in heights, suggesting that they were designed separately. Much of the interior of the building is from 1858; however, some of the Jacobean panelled window seats and wainscoting survive.
Associated with the hall are two structures listed at Grade II. The sandstone gate piers and wing walls were built probably in 1858 and designed by Thomas Harrison. The hay barn to the southeast of the hall was built in 1858 and was also designed by Harrison.
Since 1994 the gardens have been laid out and the pond dug out. Taking inspiration from the grounds at Great Dixter wild flower meadows have been created using plants such as Betonica officinalis.
# Technoparc Montreal

Technoparc Montréal is a hightech industrial park in Montréal. The Neomed institute is located in the Technoparc and hosts many small and medium-sized pharmaceutical research companies.

## History

The park was established in 1987 as Technoparc Saint-Laurent, renamed Technoparc Montréal in 2008. It includes the Place Innovation building, an Astra Pharma research laboratory, the Neomed Institute, and the Éco-campus Hubert Reeves. In 2015, Green Cross Biotherapeutics, ABB and 4Degrées all announced plans for real estate projects in the park. REM began infrastructure work for a station in the Éco-campus Hubert Reeves in 2016.

## Ecology

Technoparc Montréal is integrated into an ecological reserve known as the Coulée verte du ruisseau Bertrand. The reserve is a habitat for various native animal species, so development must be carefully planned in order to avoid environmental damage. The Éco-campus Hubert Reeves is the center of these attempts to create usable space for clean technology, nanotechnology and sustainable development companies in an environmentally-friendly manner.
Concerns were raised when REM began construction, as the station that was intended to provide public transport for park workers resulted in the destruction of a green heron nesting site according to TechnoparcOiseaux.
* 2250 Boul. Alfred-Nobel
* 2650 avenue Marie-Curie
* 7150 rue Alexander-Fleming
* 7200 rue Albert-Einstein

## Governance

Technoparc Montréal is a non-profit organization funded largely by an annual contribution of $2.6 million from the city of Montréal. As a publicly funded enterprise, it is subject to strict scrutiny by the government. In 2015 questions were raised concerning the governing board and CEO after Montréal's auditor general released a report citing lack of oversight and conflicts of interest. This resulted in the city disbanding the non-profit organization that had run the park and governing it directly.
# John Lewis Gervais

John Lewis Gervais (1741–1798) was an American planter and statesman from South Carolina. He served as a delegate to the Continental Congress in 1782 and 1783.

## Life and career

John was born in Hanover, Germany where his parents were French Huguenot refugees in 1741. He emigrated to South Carolina, arriving in Charleston in 1764. He started in the mercantile business, but soon expanded his interests to include a plantation.
Gervais first served in the revolutionary Provincial Congress in 1775. He was a member of the state's Committee of Safety from 1775 to 1781. Under the new state government, he was elected to South Carolina's Senate in 1781 and 1782.
The legislature sent him as a delegate to the Continental Congress in Philadelphia in 1782 and 1783. On 10 September 1782, he voted for a motion that the secretary for foreign affairs be directed to obtain returns of slaves and property carried off by the enemy during the war, such information to be used in negotiating a peace. In April 1783, he was a member of a committee to which were referred letters from U.S. representatives abroad, and on 15 April of that year favored instructing the commander-in-chief to arrange with the commander of the British forces for receiving possession of the posts in the United States that were occupied by British troops.
He came home in 1784, and was returned to the State Senate. In 1786, Senator Gervais led the efforts in the legislature to establish a new state capital. The result was the founding of Columbia, South Carolina.
He died in Charleston on 18 August 1798 and is buried in St. Phillip's Churchyard there.
# North Western Road Car Company

North Western Road Car Company may refer to one of two bus operators running within the north west of England in different eras:
* North Western Road Car Company (1923), the original (1923-1974) company based in Stockport, England
* North Western Road Car Company (1986), the bus company based in Liverpool, England
# Red Huns

The names Red Huns, Karmir Xyon (in Iranian) and Kermichiones (in European languages) usually refer to:
* Alchon Huns
* Kidarites
# 1917 in radio

The year 1917 in radio involved some significant events.

## Events

* 6 April – The United States enters World War I and by presidential order all the country's radio stations are taken over for naval use.
* Edwin Howard Armstrong, working as a captain in the Signal Corps (United States Army) in Paris, perfects the eight-tube superheterodyne circuit.
* Radio San Paolo, the Regia Marina (Italian Navy) Radiotelegraphic Station, is established in Rome.

## Births

* 20 March – Vera Lynn, English singer (d. 2020)
* 15 June – Charles Chilton, English radio presenter and producer (d. 2013)
* 6 September – Richard Durham, author and producer of Destination Freedom (d. 1984)