OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Music of the Central African Republic

Music of the Central African Republic includes many different forms. Western rock and pop music, as well as Afrobeat, soukous and other genres have become popular nationwide. The sanza is a popular instrument.
The Pygmies have a complex folk music tradition. Polyphony and counterpoint are common components, as is a varied rhythmic structure. The trumpet-based music of the Bandas has also gained some popularity outside the area due to its jazzy structure. The Ngbaka use an unusual instrument called a mbela, which is made with an arched branch and a string strung between the two ends and held in front of the musician's mouth. When the string is struck, the mouth is used to amplify and modulate the tone. Instruments similar to the mbela are sometimes considered the oldest ancestors of all string instruments .
The national anthem of the Central African Republic is "La Renaissance". This song, which has been the anthem since 1960, was written by Barthélémy Boganda (words), the first President of the Central African Republic, and Herbert Pepper, who also composed the melody for the Senegalese national anthem .

## Popular music

Popular music in the Central African Republic generally comes from the music of the Democratic Republic of the Congo or elsewhere in Africa; however, Latin, European and American pop are also common, as is jazz and rock and roll. African folktales are very popular as well, like the Panda.

## Folk music
### Banda music

The Banda people have produced some modern popular music, using a trumpet-based kind of jazzy music which UNESCO has called one of the "great musicological discoveries of our century" . Banda folk music includes ongo, a kind of trumpet made from wood or antelope horn. Ongos are used in ceremonies and rituals, including adolescent initiation rites, in polyphonic ensembles of eighteen trumpets.

### Pygmy music

Formally Pygmy music consists of at most only four parts, and can be described as an, "ostinato with variations," or similar to a passacaglia, in that it is cyclical. In fact it is based on repetition of periods of equal length, which each singer divides using different rhythmic figures specific to different repertoires and songs. This interesting case of ethnomusicology and ethnomathematics creates a detailed surface and endless variations of not only the same period repeated, but the same piece of music. As in some Balinese gamelan these patterns are based on a super-pattern which is never heard. The Pygmies themselves do not learn or think of their music in this theoretical framework, but learn the music growing up.
Pygmy styles include liquindi, or water drumming, and instruments like the bow harp (ieta), ngombi (harp zither) and limbindi (a string bow) (Abram).
# Isnardi

Isnardi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Camillo Isnardi (1874–1949), Italian sports shooter
* Paolo Isnardi (c. 1536–1596), Italian late-Renaissance choirmaster and composer
# Marshallton, Pennsylvania

Marshallton is a census-designated place (CDP), located in Coal Township, in Northumberland County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,441 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

Marshallton is located at 40°47′15″N 76°32′18″W﻿ / ﻿40.78750°N 76.53833°W﻿ / 40.78750; -76.53833 (40.787484, -76.538358).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 0.9 square miles (2.3 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,437 people, 640 households, and 384 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,646.3 inhabitants per square mile (635.6/km$^2$). There were 756 housing units at an average density of 866.1 per square mile (334.4/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 99.51% White, 0.14% African American, 0.07% from other races, and 0.28% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.56% of the population.
There were 640 households, out of which 24.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.6% were married couples living together, 12.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.0% were non-families. 35.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 20.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.82.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 21.8% under the age of 18, 5.5% from 18 to 24, 26.2% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 24.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.8 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $23,173, and the median income for a family was $28,679. Males had a median income of $35,161 versus $16,793 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $13,135. About 9.7% of families and 14.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.2% of those under age 18 and 12.2% of those age 65 or over.
# Marshallton United Methodist Church

Marshallton United Methodist Church is a historic United Methodist church located at 1105 Stanton Road in Marshallton, New Castle County, Delaware. The original portion was built in 1886 as a one-room, 30-foot by 50-foot center-aisle plan frame structure with a gable roof. It sits on a foundation of "Brandywine Granite", a commonly found local building stone. In 1922, a 30-foot by 45-foot gabled frame addition was added on the east side of the original building. At the same time, Gothic arched commemorative stained glass windows and a bell tower were added. A three-story brick educational building and fellowship hall were added between 1949 and 1957.
It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.
# Marshalltown, Virginia

Marshalltown is an unincorporated community in east-central Craig County, Virginia, United States. It lies along State Route 615, 4.25 miles (6.84 km) northeast of New Castle.
# Marshalltown, Nova Scotia

Marshalltown is a rural community located just west of Digby, There was once an almshouse and poor farm. Marshalltown was the birthplace of Samuel Ogden Edison Jr, father of Thomas Edison (1847-1931), and it was also the home of folk artist Maud Lewis (1903-1970) from 1938 until her death. Her small decorated house is preserved at the Art Gallery of Nova Scotia in Halifax while a steel memorial sculpture inspired by the house has been erected at the original site in Marshalltown. A replica of the house and interior is located a few kilometres north of Marshalltown on the road to Digby Neck.
# Johann Joseph Hoffmann

Johann Joseph Hoffmann (February 16, 1805 – January 19, 1878) was a German scholar who studied the Japanese and Chinese languages.

## Biography

Hoffmann was born at Würzburg in the Electorate of Bavaria. After studying at Würzburg, he went on the stage in 1825; but owing to an accidental meeting with the German traveller Philipp Franz von Siebold (1796–1866) in July 1830, his interest was diverted to Oriental philology. From Siebold he acquired the rudiments of Japanese, and in order to take advantage of the instructions of Ko-ching-chang, a Chinese teacher whom Siebold had brought home with him, he made himself acquainted with Malay, the only language except Chinese which Ko-ching-chang could understand.
In a few years he was able to supply the translations for Siebold's Nippon, and the high character of his work soon attracted the attention of older scholars. Stanislas Julien invited him to Paris, and he would probably have accepted the invitation, as a disagreement had broken out between him and Siebold, had not M. Baud, the Dutch colonial minister, appointed him Japanese translator with a salary of 1800 florins (£150).

## Works

The Dutch authorities were slow in giving him further recognition; and he was too modest a man successfully to urge his claims. It was not until after he had received the offer of the professorship of Chinese in King's College London, that the authorities made him professor at Leiden and the king allowed him a yearly pension. In 1875, he was decorated with the order of the Netherlands Lion, and in 1877 he was elected corresponding member of the Berlin Academy. He died at the Hague on 23 January 1878.
Hoffmann's chief work was his unfinished Japanese Dictionary begun in 1839 and afterwards continued by L. Serrurier. Unable at first to procure the necessary type, he set himself to the cutting of punches, and even when the proper founts were obtained he had to act as his own compositor as far as Chinese and Japanese were concerned. His Japanese grammar (Japanische Sprachlehre) was published in Dutch and English in 1867, and in English and German in 1876.
Of his miscellaneous productions it is enough to mention: “Japans Bezüge mit der koraischen Halbinsel und mit Schina,” in Nippon, vii.; Yo-San-fi-Rok, L'Art d'élever les vers à soie au Japon par Ouckaki Mourikouni (Paris, 1848); “Die Heilkunde in Japan” in Mittheil. d. deutsch. Gesellsch. für Natur- und Völkerk. Ost-Asiens (1873–1874); and Japanische Studien (1878).
# Johann Joseph Schmeller

Johann Joseph Schmeller (12 July 1796, Großobringen - 1 October 1841, Weimar) was a German painter who was closely associated with Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.

## Biography

He was one of five children born to Johann Michael Schmeller (1773-1850), a forestry worker in Ettersburg, and his wife, Dorothea Eva Böhmel (1766–1814), from Buchfart. In 1807, his good reading and writing skills encouraged his father to send him to school in Weimar. During the Napoleonic Wars, Karl August, Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, issued a call for the formation of a volunteer corps, and Schmeller joined. While in service, he met Ferdinand Jagemann, who would later become a co-director of the Weimar Princely Free Drawing School.
After the war, Jagemann took him into the school and supported him financially. After 1815, he worked as an assistant teacher. In 1818, he requested additional support from Goethe. As a test, he was hired to restore some wall paintings by Adam Friedrich Oeser in Goethe's greenhouses. He was engaged in that project until 1820. That was when Jagemann unexpectedly died, and his patronage ended. Nevertheless, he was able to afford a trip to Antwerp to further his studies; taking classes with Mathieu Ignace van Brée. He returned to Weimar in 1823, expressed his wish to work as a teacher at the Drawing School and was accepted.
In 1827, Duke Karl August had seen a painting by Albrecht Dürer (The Crucifixion of Christ) and was looking for an artist to make a copy. He asked Goethe, who recommended Schmeller. After the publicity surrounding that project, Schmeller began to receive numerous portrait commissions from the Weimar bourgeoisie. The Duke died in 1828, but a visit from the physician and painter, Carl Gustav Carus led to major commissions from the "Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher und Ärzte [de]" (Society of German Natural Scientists and Doctors). In 1836, on their behalf, he went to Jena, where he produced portraits of notable members, including Christian Ehrenberg, Hinrich Lichtenstein, Heinrich Göppert, Johann Heinrich von Mädler and Joseph Johann von Littrow.
In 1840, a new art program that he was planning to direct was defunded. He died the following year, from an inflammation of the liver.

## Sources

* Johann Joseph Schmeller. Ein Porträtist im Dienste Goethes, Klassik Stiftung Weimar, 2003 (Exhibition catalog)
* Willy Handrick: Johann Joseph Schmeller, Aufbau-Verlag, 1966.
* Carl Ruland (1890), "Schmeller, Johann Joseph", Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 31, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 636–637
* Schmeller, Johann Joseph. In: Deutsche Biografie.
# Marko Andrijić

Marko Andrijić (c. 1470 - after 1507) was a stonemason from the Republic of Ragusa and one of the great master builders of the 15th and 16th-century. His son, Petar Andrijić (c. 1492–1553), was also a stonemason.
Many ornamental carvings in Korčula and elsewhere are attributed to Marko Andrijić. He also introduced some transitional Renaissance features in his work.
# Markvelde

Markvelde is a hamlet in the eastern Netherlands. It is located in the municipality Hof van Twente, Overijssel. Until 2001, Markvelde was in the former municipality of Diepenheim. A part of the hamlet is in Berkelland, Gelderland.
Markvelde is a statistical entity, but the postal authorities have placed it under Diepenheim. It was first mentioned in 1225 as Marcvelthe, and means "field near communal ground".
In 1840, it was home to 190 people.
Markvelde includes a community center, and a number of hog and cattle farms. The school closed in 2018.
# Markvartice

Markvartice may refer to places in the Czech Republic:
* Markvartice (Děčín District), a municipality and village in the Ústí nad Labem Region
* Markvartice (Jičín District), a municipality and village in the Hradec Králové Region
* Markvartice (Jihlava District), a municipality and village in the Vysočina Region
* Markvartice (Třebíč District), a municipality and village in the Vysočina Region
* Markvartice, a town part of Jablonné v Podještědí in the Liberec Region
* Markvartice, a village and part of Zubčice in the South Bohemian Region
# Diana Thomson

Diana Thomson FRSS (born 1939) is an English sculptor. She has created public sculptures by commission, which stand in locations in Britain.

## Life

Thomson was born in Manchester, and studied at Kingston Polytechnic from 1976 to 1979. She has exhibited at the Royal Academy and elsewhere. She was elected an associate of the Royal Society of Sculptors in 1981, and a fellow in 1990.
She was married to the cinematographer Alex Thomson, who died in 2007; they had a daughter.

## Works

Thomson has said that "the human figure is the best way that I can express myself in my sculpture... I kept to my own themes and expressions during training, and beyond in my public commissions". Her works include the following:
A sculpture "Father and Child" was shown at the summer exhibition of the Royal Academy in 1982.
A statue of D. H. Lawrence stands in the grounds of the University of Nottingham. A bust of Lawrence, relating to the statue, is at Newstead Abbey, Nottinghamshire.
"The Swanmaster", in Staines-upon-Thames, was commissioned by Spelthorne Borough Council and unveiled in 1983. It is a bronze statue, height 7 feet (2.1 m).
"The Bargemaster", unveiled in 1990, was commissioned by Dell EMC, and stands in front of their building in Brentford. The bronze statue, height 7 feet (2.1 m), of a bargemaster celebrates the long association of Brentford with the River Thames.
A bronze statue of William Friese-Greene was unveiled on 15 January 1999 at Shepperton Studios.
A children's book, A Story for the Children of Today, written and illustrated with watercolour paintings by Thomson, was published in 2019.
# Platylestes kirani

Platylestes kirani is a damselfly species in the family Lestidae. This species is known from coastal wetlands in Kerala, South India. The species is named after the late C.G. Kiran, in recognition of his outstanding contribution to the odonate studies in Kerala.

## Description and habitat

It is a small dull colored damselfly with apple green eyes. Its prothorax and thorax are in yellowish green color, paler at the sides. There is a broad black stripe on the dorsum of the thorax, straight on the inner border, outwardly expanded at the upper, middle and at the lower end, as in Lestes praemorsus. There are a large number of black spots on the thorax. Its wings are transparent with short and broad pterostigma having white or creamy yellow inner and outer ends. Its abdomen is in olivaceous to warm reddish brown in color with black apical rings on each segments. Anal appendages are whitish with the superiors black at base, curling in at apices to meet each other. Inferior appendages are about half the length of superiors and ends at the middle of sharp spine of inner membrane like expansion of superiors, slender throughout its length, convergent and meet at extreme apices.
Female closely resembles the male in most respects, differing mainly in sexual characters, as in Platylestes platystylus.
This species can be easily distinguished from P. platystylus which also common in Kerala by its broad black band on synthorax.
This species is mainly found foraging inside the shoreline vegetation and occasionally resting on the stems or on the leaf blades of grasses and sedge.
* Male
* Dorsal view of male, showing black marks on thorax
* Terminal abdominal appendages of male
* Mating pair
# Living in the Future's Past

Living in the Future's Past is a 2018 American documentary film directed by Susan Kucera, and produced and narrated by Jeff Bridges. The film features Bridges and several scientists and intellectuals discussing how biology, physics, economics, and politics have contributed to the ongoing crises such as climate change and resource depletion. The film features interviews with Bruce Hood, Wesley Clark, Daniel Goleman, Bob Inglis, Oren Lyons, Leonard Mlodinow, Timothy Morton, Mark Plotkin, Ian Robertson, Piers Sellers, and others.
# 1976–77 NTFL season

The 1976–77 NTFL season was the 56th season of the Northern Territory Football League (NTFL).
Waratah have won there 13th premiership title while defeating St Marys in the grand final by 13 points.

## Grand Final

| Premiers | GF Score | Runner-up |
| Waratahs | 10.15 (75) - 8.14 (62) | St Marys |
# Rhadopis of Nubia

Rhadopis of Nubia is an early novel by the Egyptian writer Naguib Mahfouz. It was originally published in Arabic in 1943. An English translation by Anthony Calderbank appeared in 2003 published by American University in Cairo Press. The novel is one of several that Mahfouz wrote at the beginning of his career, with Pharaonic Egypt as their setting. Others in this series of novels include Khufu's Wisdom (1939) and Thebes at War (1944). All have been translated into English and appeared in one volume under the title Three Novels of Ancient Egypt (Everyman's Library, 2007).
# Kaytazdere

Kaytazdere is a town (belde) in the Altınova District, Yalova Province, Turkey. Its population is 6,873 (2022). It is almost merged to Altınova. Distance to Yalova is 25 kilometres (16 mi). The settlement was founded at the end of the second Balkan War by Turkish refugees from Bulgaria. After the second World War an airbase was established around Kaytazdere. The economy of the town depends on small industries and agriculture.
# Raising Fear

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
Raising Fear is the third studio album by the American heavy metal band Armored Saint. It was released in 1987 via Chrysalis Records. The band recorded the album as a four-piece as guitarist Phil Sandoval had left Armored Saint during the recording of its previous album, Delirious Nomad, although he rejoined the band a few years later.
After Raising Fear was released, Chrysalis dropped the band. This was the last Armored Saint studio album with guitarist Dave Prichard, who was diagnosed with leukemia in 1989 and died of the disease the following year, as the band was preparing for their next album Symbol of Salvation.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Armored Saint, except where noted

## Personnel
### Band Members

* John Bush – vocals
* Dave Prichard – guitars
* Joey Vera – bass
* Gonzo Sandoval – drums

### Additional musician

* Phil Brown – musical contribution

### Production

* Steve MacMillan, Mike Bosley, David Eaton, Ray Pyle – assistant engineers
* Chris Minto – engineering, producer, mixing at Lion Share Studios, Los Angeles, California
* Kevin Savigar – special effects
* Neil Zlozower – photography
* Mike Doud – art direction
* Richard Kriegler – cover art
* Mastered at Bernie Grundman Mastering Lab, Hollywood, California
# Mogens Guldberg

Mogens Daniel Guldberg (born 2 August 1963 in Kalundborg) is a former middle distance runner from Denmark, who represented his native country at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. There he was eliminated in the semifinals of the 1500 metres. He represented Sparta.
He finished twelfth at the 1990 European Championships. Over 3000 metres at the IAAF World Indoor Championships he finished eighth in 1987, fourth in 1991 and fifth in 1993. He is a one-time national champion (1995) in the men's 5,000 metres.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Denmark ||||||
| 1986 | European Championships | Stuttgart, Germany | 22nd (h) | 1500 m | 3:42.84 |
| 1987 | World Indoor Championships | Indianapolis, United States | 8th | 3000 m | 8:10.25 |
| 1987 | World Championships | Rome, Italy | 24th (sf) | 1500 m | 3:50.79 |
| 1988 | Olympic Games | Seoul, South Korea | 16th (sf) | 1500 m | 3:39.86 |
| 1990 | European Championships | Split, Yugoslavia | 12th | 1500 m | 3:42.76 |
| 1991 | World Indoor Championships | Seville, Barcelona | 4th | 3000 m | 7:44.76 |
| 1991 | World Championships | Tokyo, Japan | 20th (sf) | 1500 m | 3:44.34 |
| 1993 | World Indoor Championships | Toronto, Canada | 5th | 3000 m | 7:52.60 |
| 1994 | European Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 17th (sf) | 1500 m | 3:40.89 |
| {#) Indicates overall position in qualifying heats (h) or semifinals (sf) ||||||
# Mogens Gyldenstierne

Mogens Henrikssen Gyldenstjerne of Restrup og Iversnæs (1485 or 1481 – 9 October 1569 in Copenhagen) was a Danish nobleman and member of the Council of the Realm, who belonged to the illustrious Gyldenstierne family. He led the defense of Norway against the deposed King Christian II when the latter attempted to retake Norway.
Mogens Gyldenstjerne was a supporter of the Reformation and King Frederick I's foremost supporter in Norway. Gyldenstjerne later became fiefholder at Malmöhus and was steward of Copenhagen 1558–1566.
# Rajinder Singh (cricketer)

Rajinder Singh (born 15 April 1960) is an Indian former cricketer. He played first-class cricket for Bengal and Delhi between 1980 and 1991.
# Raglan, Durham Regional Municipality, Ontario

Raglan is a community in Ontario. It is located 10 miles north of Oshawa and 35 miles northeast of Toronto. The village is famous for the country store and farm on the corner of Simcoe and Raglan Road. White Feather Farms first started in the 1960s when a former Dutch settler purchased the property. The farm is now under management by the second generation and has expanded numerous times with a new 15,000 bird barn.
Raglan is also the site of the Old Oshawa Ski Club on the current grounds of Trillium Trails Banquet Facility and TreeTop Eco-Adventure Park. Trillium Trails used to run cross country skiing on some of the old trails of the Oshawa Ski Club and signs at the new Zip-lining park, point out the property's heritage.
44°01′01″N 78°55′34″W﻿ / ﻿44.017°N 78.926°W﻿ / 44.017; -78.926
* This Ontario location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
* v
* t
* e