OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Saint-Hilaire, Isère

Saint-Hilaire (pronunciation), also known as Saint-Hilaire-du-Touvet (French pronunciation:), is a former commune in the Isère department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in Southeastern France.
On 1 January 2019, Saint-Hilaire was merged into the new commune of Plateau-des-Petites-Roches, alongside Saint-Bernard and Saint-Pancrasse. The commune was made up of the three smaller settlements of Saint-Hilaire, Les Margains and Les Gaudes; its town hall became that of the new commune. Its inhabitants are known in French as the Saint-Hilairois (masculine) and Saint-Hilairoises (feminine).
It is situated on the Plateau des Petites Roches, a natural balcony above the valley of the Isère, on the east side of the Massif de la Chartreuse and overlooked by the peak of the Dent de Crolles.

## Funicular

The settlement of Saint-Hilaire is linked to Montfort, situated on the road between Grenoble and Chambéry in the valley below, by the Funiculaire de Saint-Hilaire du Touvet. Until this was opened in 1924, the commune was accessible only on foot, or by mule. The funicular was constructed principally to serve several sanatoriums built at the same time to house tuberculosis patients. A road and bus line have long since been opened. On 29 December 2021, violent rainfall on water-saturated soil combined with rapid melting of the snowpack caused the Montfort stream to overflow its banks, seriously damaging the tracks and the funicular's downstream station, which were covered with several meters of gravel. As a result, the Funiculaire de Saint-Hilaire du Touvet was closed.

## Demographics

| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1793 | 518 | — |
| 1821 | 404 | −0.88% |
| 1846 | 421 | +0.17% |
| 1872 | 403 | −0.17% |
| 1901 | 271 | −1.36% |
| 1926 | 313 | +0.58% |
| 1931 | 618 | +14.57% |
| 1936 | 1,741 | +23.02% |
| 1946 | 2,188 | +2.31% |
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| 1962 | 1,307 | −3.17% |
| 1968 | 987 | −4.57% |
| 1975 | 1,131 | +1.96% |
| 1982 | 1,298 | +1.99% |
| 1990 | 1,423 | +1.16% |
| 1999 | 1,248 | −1.45% |
| 2010 | 1,532 | +1.88% |
| 2015 | 1,348 | −2.53% |
| 2021 | 1,280 | −0.86% |
Source: EHESS and INSEE (2010-2021) :
# Puʻupehe Platform

Puʻupehe Platform, also known Puʻu Pehe and in tourist literature as Sweetheart Rock, is a triangular sea stack 150 feet off the peninsula separating Mānele Bay and Hulopoʻe Bay on the island of Lānaʻi, Hawaiʻi.
Both its Hawaiian and its English name allude to a legend about Pehe, the beautiful daughter of a local chief, whose jealous husband, Makakehau ('Misty Eyes' clouded by her beauty), confined her to a nearby cave facing the open ocean. When a storm arose while he was away fetching fresh water for her, high seas flooded the cave and drowned her before he could return to rescue her. In his grief, he is said to have hauled her body to the top of the rock, where he entombed her before leaping to his own death. However, when the archaeologist Kenneth Emory investigated the "tomb" in detail in 1921, he found no human bones, only those of sea birds, leading him to conclude that the carefully arranged stones were an altar built by either bird hunters or fishermen.
Since 1976, Puʻu Pehe has marked the boundary between two subzones of the 309-acre Mānele-Hulopoʻe Marine Life Conservation District designated by the State of Hawaii Division of Aquatic Resources. Subzone B includes Mānele Bay boat harbor, while Subzone A includes Hulopoʻe Bay, where no motorized vessels are permitted. Both zones contain clear waters and extensive coral reefs that provide excellent snorkeling and Scuba-diving opportunities.
The land surrounding the two bays contains many remnants of earlier Native Hawaiian village sites, whose inhabitants subsisted on dryland farming and offshore fishing. About 28 acres of former Kapihaʻā village on the rocky shores of Hulopoʻe Bay below the Mānele Bay Resort golf clubhouse have been preserved and marked with interpretative signs along a trail. The remnants of the village include house platforms, garden terracing, stone tool work sites, a heiau, and a fishing shrine (koʻa).

## Gallery

* Viewed from Mānele Bay
* View from shoreline of Kapihaʻā village site across Hulopoʻe Bay
* Interpretive sign at Kapihaʻā village site across Hulopoʻe Bay
* Kapihaʻā village heiau below Mānele Bay golf clubhouse
* Kapihaʻā village terrace walls below golf clubhouse
* Kapihaʻā village stone path below golf clubhouse
# Damon Andrews

Damon Andrews (born 28 October 1971) is a director and actor from New Zealand.

## Career

Andrews graduated from Toi Whakaari: New Zealand Drama School in 1992 with a Diploma in Acting.
He is mostly known for his role in The Tribe as Jaffa - more commonly known as The Guardian. He was a core character that first appeared as the leader of the Zoot crazed cult called The Chosen. He remained a cast member in series 2 and 3, before departing from the cast, but made special returning scenes along with past cast member Vanessa Stacey and Ari Boyland.
Andrews also appeared in Urban Gothic and Traffic Island, and in a production of Revelations – The Initial Journey.
# Driftwood (1928 film)

Driftwood is a lost 1928 American silent drama film directed by Christy Cabanne and starring Don Alvarado, Marceline Day and Alan Roscoe.

## Cast

* Don Alvarado as Jim Curtis
* Marceline Day as Daisy Smith
* Alan Roscoe as Johnson
* Jack W. Johnston as Barlow
* Fred Holmes as Doc Prouty
* Fritzi Brunette as Lola
* Nora Cecil as Mrs. Prouty
* Joseph P. Mack as Johnson's Henchman
# Sanval, India

Sanval, is a village in Gujarat in western India. It is located in Vav Taluka, in Banaskantha district and has a population of 2,600 (2011).
The village has one primary school. Ramji Mandir is a temple in the village.
# Sanusi Turay

Sanusi Turay (born 14 April 1968) is a retired Sierra Leonean athlete who specialised in the sprinting events. He represented his country at the 1992 and 1996 Summer Olympics, as well as two outdoor and four indoor World Championships.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Sierra Leone ||||||
| 1991 | World Indoor Championships | Seville, Spain | 15th (sf) | 60 m | 6.76 |
| 1991 | Universiade | Sheffield, United Kingdom | 2nd (h) | 100 m | 10.32 |
| 1991 | Universiade | Sheffield, United Kingdom | 2nd | 4x100 m relay | 39.88 |
| 1992 | Olympic Games | Barcelona, Spain | 19th (qf) | 100 m | 10.40 |
| 1992 | Olympic Games | Barcelona, Spain | 14th (sf) | 4x100 m relay | 40.46 |
| 1993 | World Indoor Championships | Toronto, Canada | 15th (sf) | 60 m | 6.78 |
| 1993 | World Championships | Stuttgart, Germany | 42nd (h) | 100 m | 10.68 |
| 1993 | World Championships | Stuttgart, Germany | 21st (h) | 4x100 m relay | 40.69 |
| 1994 | Commonwealth Games | Victoria, Canada | 23rd (qf) | 100 m | 10.47 |
| 1994 | Commonwealth Games | Victoria, Canada | – | 4x100 m relay | DQ |
| 1995 | World Indoor Championships | Barcelona, Spain | 29th (h) | 60 m | 6.82 |
| 1995 | World Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 39th (qf) | 100 m | 10.55 |
| 1996 | Olympic Games | Atlanta, United States | 36th (h) | 100 m | 10.39 |
| 1996 | Olympic Games | Atlanta, United States | 9th (sf) | 4x100 m relay | 38.91 |
| 1998 | Commonwealth Games | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | 31st (qf) | 100 m | 10.75 |
| 1998 | Commonwealth Games | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | 6th | 4x100 m relay | 39.79 |
| 1999 | World Indoor Championships | Maebashi, Japan | 23rd (sf) | 60 m | 6.77 |
4 x 100m relay 2nd, All African Games (Cairo 1991)
4 x 100m relay 2nd, All African Games (Harare 1995) 4 x 100m relay 3rd, World Cup in Athletics (Havana 1992)

## Personal bests

Outdoor
* 100 metres – 10.25 (+0.7 m/s) (Athens 1996)
* 200 metres – 21.04 (-1.4 m/s) (Germiston, SA 1992)
Indoor
* 60 metres – 6.68 (San Sabastian, Spain 1993)
# Dunbar (Parliament of Scotland constituency)

Dunbar in Haddingtonshire was a royal burgh that returned one commissioner to the Parliament of Scotland and to the Convention of Estates.
After the Acts of Union 1707, Dunbar, North Berwick, Haddington, Jedburgh and Lauder formed the Haddington district of burghs, returning one member between them to the House of Commons of Great Britain.

## List of burgh commissioners

* 1661–63, 1665 convention, 1667 convention, 1669–74: James Lauder, merchant-burgess
* 1678 convention: James Kellie, merchant, bailie
* 1681–82: James Hamilton, merchant, bailie
* 1685–96, 1689 convention, 1689–90: James Smith, merchant (expelled)
* 1693–1701: Robert Fall, bailie
* 1702–07: Robert Kellie, bailie
# Duane–Hunt law

The Duane–Hunt law, named after the American physicists William Duane and Franklin L. Hunt, gives the maximum frequency of X-rays that can be emitted by Bremsstrahlung in an X-ray tube by accelerating electrons through an excitation voltage V into a metal target.
The maximum frequency ν$_{max}$ is given by
    $\nu _{\rm {max}}={\frac {eV}{h}},$
which corresponds to a minimum wavelength
    $\lambda _{\rm {min}}={\frac {hc}{eV}},$
where h is the Planck constant, e is the charge of the electron, and c is the speed of light. This can also be written as:
    $\lambda _{\rm {min}}\approx {\frac {1239.8\mathrm {~V{\cdot }pm} }{V{\text{ in kV}}}}.$
The process of X-ray emission by incoming electrons is also known as the inverse photoelectric effect.

## Explanation

In an X-ray tube, electrons are accelerated in a vacuum by an electric field and shot into a piece of metal called the "target". X-rays are emitted as the electrons slow down (decelerate) in the metal. The output spectrum consists of a continuous spectrum of X-rays, with additional sharp peaks at certain energies (see graph on right). The continuous spectrum is due to bremsstrahlung, while the sharp peaks are characteristic X-rays associated with the atoms in the target.
The spectrum has a sharp cutoff at low wavelength (high frequency), which is due to the limited energy of the incoming electrons. For example, if each electron in the tube is accelerated through 60 kV, then it will acquire a kinetic energy of 60 keV, and when it strikes the target it can create X-ray photons with energy of at most 60 keV, by conservation of energy. (This upper limit corresponds to the electron coming to a stop by emitting just one X-ray photon. Usually the electron emits many photons, and each has an energy less than 60 keV.) A photon with energy of 60 keV or less has a wavelength of 21 pm or more, so the X-ray spectrum has exactly that cutoff, as seen in the graph. This cutoff applies to both the continuous (bremsstrahlung) spectrum and the characteristic sharp peaks: There is no X-ray of any kind beyond the cutoff. However, the cutoff is most obvious for the continuous spectrum.
The exact formula for the cutoff comes from setting equal the kinetic energy of the electron, E = eV, and the energy of the X-ray photon, E = hν = hc/λ.
# Durie Hill

Durie Hill is a suburb of Whanganui, in the Whanganui District and Manawatū-Whanganui region of New Zealand's North Island.
The suburb was designed in 1920 by Samuel Hurst Seager as a garden suburb based on garden-city planning principles. It was designed with curvilinear streets, reserves, croquet lawns and tennis courts.
The Durie Hill Elevator connects the suburb with Anzac Parade. The elevator and tunnel were proposed by Wanganui Chronicle editor John Ball and Technical School engineering instructor Edward Crow, but most residents of the new suburb refused to fund it.
A revitalisation programme was launched in 2019, including the introduction of planter boxes and the founding of a village market.

## Demographics

Bastia-Durie Hill statistical area covers 2.57 km$^2$ (0.99 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 2,270 as of June 2023, with a population density of 883 people per km$^2$.
Bastia-Durie Hill had a population of 2,130 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 18 people (0.9%) since the 2013 census, and a decrease of 9 people (−0.4%) since the 2006 census. There were 900 households, comprising 1,041 males and 1,089 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.96 males per female. The median age was 46.4 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 375 people (17.6%) aged under 15 years, 297 (13.9%) aged 15 to 29, 1,011 (47.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 447 (21.0%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 89.0% European/Pākehā, 17.2% Māori, 1.7% Pacific peoples, 3.4% Asian, and 2.0% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 16.2, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 52.5% had no religion, 35.9% were Christian, 1.8% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.4% were Hindu, 0.7% were Muslim, 0.6% were Buddhist and 1.8% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 420 (23.9%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 264 (15.0%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $33,100, compared with $31,800 nationally. 267 people (15.2%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 879 (50.1%) people were employed full-time, 267 (15.2%) were part-time, and 48 (2.7%) were unemployed.

## Education

Durie Hill School is a co-educational state primary school for Year 1 to 8 students, with a roll of 194 as of August 2024.
# Duriense VR

Duriense is a Portuguese wine region covering the same area as the Douro DOC and the Port wine region. In difference from Douro DOC, Duriense VR is a designation at the lower Vinho Regional (VR) level, which corresponds to table wines with a geographical indication under European Union wine regulations, similar to a French vin de pays region. Thus, it is the simpler or less typical wines of the Douro region that are sold using a Duriense VR label.
Before the creation of a separate Duriense VR, the Douro vineyards were part of the former Trás-os-Montes VR, which is now called Transmontano VR and no longer includes the Douro vineyards.
Donzelinho branco is one of the authorized grape permitted to be blended in the wines of Duriense.
# Dubravica

Dubravica may refer to:
* Dubravica, Zagreb County, a village and municipality in Croatia
* Dubravica, Požarevac, a village near Požarevac, Serbia
* Dubravica, Čapljina, a village near Čupljina, Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Dubravica, Neum, a village near Neum, Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Dubravica, Vitez, a village near Vitez, Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Dubravica, Zavidovići, a village near Zavidovići, Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Dúbravica, a village and a municipality in Slovakia
* Dubravica, Dubrovnik, a village near Dubrovnik, Croatia
* Dubravica, Metković, a village near Metković, Croatia
# Durva (TV series)

Durva is an Indian Marathi language television series that aired on Star Pravah. It is produced by Nitin Vaidya and Ninad Vaidya under the banner of Dashami Creations. The series aired from 18 March 2013 to 12 November 2016 with 1164 episodes. It stars Hruta Durgule, Suyash Tilak and Harshad Atkari in lead roles.

## Plot

It is a story of two rivalry families - Patil and Kshirsagar fighting for political power in Satara. Durva, an innocent girl, gets married in the family to Bhupati, where everyone uses her to gain political prestige. Amongst this Durva fighting for her rights forms the crux of the story.

## Cast
### Main

* Hruta Durgule as Durva Bhupati Patil / Durva Keshav Sane
* Suyash Tilak as Bhupati Patil
* Harshad Atkari as Keshav Dada Sane

### Recurring

* Prasad Pandit as Patil Anna
* Ashwini Ekbote as Bhupati's mother
* Hardeek Joshi as Purushottam Gokhale
* Uday Tikekar as Devkishan Sarda
* Shalmalee Tolye as Durva's sister-in-law
* Shruja Prabhudesai as Mohini
* Vinay Apte / Sharad Ponkshe as Anna Patil

## Awards

| Awards | Category | Recipient |
| Ma.Ta. Sanman 2014 | Best Series | Ninad Vaidya |
| Ma.Ta. Sanman 2014 | Best Supporting Actor | Vinay Apte |
| Ma.Ta. Sanman 2014 | Best Screenplay | Sachin Darekar |
# Leeann Dempster

Leeann Dempster is a Scottish football executive. She was the Chief Executive (CEO) of Queen's Park, having previously held the same position at Motherwell and Hibernian.

## Career

Dempster worked in advertising before becoming sales and marketing director for Zoom Airlines for two years.
After the airline's collapse, John Boyle, co-founder of the airline and owner of Motherwell FC, recruited Dempster, first as general manager, then chief executive. In her time at Motherwell, the team finished second in the Scottish Premiership twice, and third once, reaching the qualifying rounds for the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League.
She moved to Hibernian in June 2014. The club won the Scottish Cup in 2016, for the first time since 1902. They achieved promotion to the Scottish Premiership in 2017, and subsequently finished in the top six twice.
On 26 November 2020, it was announced that Dempster would step down as CEO of Hibernian, after six years. On 12 January 2021, Queen's Park announced Dempster was to join the club as Chief Executive.
It was announced in January 2024 that she would leave Queen's Park on good terms.

## Personal life

Dempster was brought up in the East End of Glasgow by a Catholic mother and a Protestant father. Her family supported Rangers. Before her professional involvement in football, Dempster had been a Rangers season ticket holder but had long since let her attendance lapse.
Dempster has spoken about realising she was gay in her 20s. She entered into a civil partnership in 2007.
# Kırıklar, Aydın

Kırıklar is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Efeler, Aydın Province, Turkey. Its population is 388 (2022).
# Kōhei Kashii

Kōhei Kashii (香椎 浩平, Kashii Kōhei, January 25, 1881 – December 3, 1954) was a lieutenant-general in the Imperial Japanese Army.
Kashii was born in Fukuoka Prefecture, graduated from the Imperial Japanese Army Academy, and became a lieutenant-general in 1931. He was the commander of the Japanese China Garrison Army from 22 December 1930 to 29 February 1932. In November 1931, Kashii imposed martial law over the Japanese-ruled area of the Chinese city of Tianjin.
In the February 26 Incident, the attempted coup d'état of 1936, Kashii was a leader of government forces that suppressed the revolt. Since he was sympathetic to the Imperial Way Faction, which included some of the officers who started the coup, he initially resisted military action against the revolt. He was later relieved of his duties, and then transferred to the reserves.
# Sabinus (Ovid)

Sabinus (died 14 or 15 AD) was a Latin poet and friend of Ovid. He is known only from two passages of Ovid's works.
At Amores 2.18.27—34, Ovid says that Sabinus has written responses to six of Ovid's Heroïdes, the collection of elegiac epistles each written in the person of a legendary woman to her absent male lover. These are enumerated as Ulysses to Penelope, in response to Heroïdes 1; Hippolytus to Phaedra (H. 4); Aeneas to Dido (H. 7); Demophoon to Phyllis (H. 2); Jason to Hypsipyle (H. 6); and (presumably) Phaon to Sappho (H. 15).
Three of these Ovidian responses by Sabinus — the letters from Ulysses and Demophoon, along with a letter from Paris to Oenone (Heroïdes 5) — are printed in Renaissance editions of the Heroïdes. Modern scholars believe them to have actually been written in the 1460s–1470s by the humanist Angelo Sabino, who was a poet and editor of classical texts. His edition advertised the inclusion of poems by "Aulus Sabinus," and though this has sometimes been taken as the ancient poet's praenomen, it was probably part of Sabino's invention.
Sabinus is also among some thirty contemporary poets mentioned by Ovid in his verse letters from exile (collected as the Tristia and Epistulae ex Ponto). Ovid's bitter last letter ex Ponto, written in 15 AD, alludes to Sabinus's response from Ulysses and gives titles for two other works by him, Troezen and Dierum Opus, the latter of which is said to have been left unfinished upon his recent and untimely death.
The 19th-century scholar Carl Gläser conjectured that the Troezen was an epic poem containing a history of the birth and adventures of Theseus, whose birthplace was Troezen, up to the time of his arrival at his father's court at Athens. The Dierum Opus ("Days' Work") he regarded as a continuation of Ovid's calendrical Fasti, which was left unfinished when he died in exile. Since Sabinus died before Ovid, this may be problematic.
# Kōichirō Yasunaga

Kōichirō Yasunaga (安永航一郎, Yasunaga Kōichirō, January 13, 1962) is a Japanese manga artist who made his debut in Shōnen Sunday in 1980. He is best known for his manga titled Prefectural Earth Defense Force.

## Works

* MM Little Morning (MMリトルモーニング/青空にとおく酒浸り)
* Prefectural Earth Defense Force
* Rikugun Nakano Yobikō (陸軍中野予備校)
* Kyonyū Hunter (巨乳ハンター)
* Kaitei Junrui Anchovie (海底人類アンチョビー)
* Chō Kankaku Analman (超感覚ANALマン)
* Kaseijin Deka (火星人刑事)
* Eichi Man (エイチマン)
* Ganjō Ningen Spartacus (頑丈人間スパルタカス)
* Chōjin Totokarucho (超人トトカルチョ, yet to be published in Japan, but has been published in Taiwan and China)
* Jitsuroku Jion Taiiku Daigaku (実録ジオン体育大学, yet to be published in Japan, but has been published in Taiwan and China)
# L32

L32 may refer to:
* 60S ribosomal protein L32
* Buick L32 engine, a V6 engine introduced in 2004
* General Motors L32 engine, a V6 engine introduced in 1993
* HMS Belvoir (L32), a destroyer of the Royal Navy
* HMS Shoreham (L32), a sloop of the Royal Navy
* Mitochondrial ribosomal protein L32
* Nissan Altima (L32), a Japanese automobile
* NRO L-32, an American reconnaissance satellite
# L'Indépendant

L'Indépendant may refer to:
* L'Indépendant (Luxembourg), Luxembourgish newspaper
* L'Indépendant (Mali), Malian newspaper; see Media of Mali
* L'Indépendant (Pyrénées-Orientales), French newspaper from the Pyrénées-Orientales department
# LIQ

LIQ or liq may refer to:
* LIQ, the IATA code for Lisala Airport, Democratic Republic of the Congo
* liq, the ISO 639-3 code for Libido language, Ethiopia
# Křižanovice (Chrudim District)

Křižanovice is a municipality and village in Chrudim District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.
# Saint-Christophe-du-Foc

Saint-Christophe-du-Foc (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France.

## Géographie

Covering 358 hectares, the territory of Saint-Christophe-du-Foc was the smallest in the "canton des Pieux" before the extension of 2015. The village is also located near Cherbourg-en-Cotentin.

## History

In the 17th century, Saint-Christophe had for lord Guillaume Le Fillastre who married a second time in 1645 with Gabrielle de Ravalet de Tourlaville, whom in 1649 tried to kill the only son of her husband, Philippe Le Fillastre. When the plot whas discovered, she decided to threw herself down a window rather than being arrested.
# Saint-Christophe-en-Boucherie

Saint-Christophe-en-Boucherie (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Indre department in central France.
# Sad Hunk

Sad Hunk is the fifth studio album by Canadian musician Bahamas, released October 9, 2020. The album's release was preceded by the preview single "Own Alone" in August, with "Trick to Happy" following in September.
The album won the Juno Award for Adult Alternative Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2021.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Afie Jurvanen

## Charts

| Chart (2020) | Peak position |
| Canadian Albums (Billboard) | 67 |
# Saint-Crépin-aux-Bois

Saint-Crépin-aux-Bois (French pronunciation:) is a commune in the Oise department in northern France.
# LGBT in Mexico

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#REDIRECT LGBTQ topics in Mexico
# La Chapelle-sur-Chézy

La Chapelle-sur-Chézy (French pronunciation:, literally La Chapelle on Chézy) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.
# Disley Aerodrome

Disley Aerodrome (TC LID: CDS2) is located adjacent to Disley, Saskatchewan, Canada, and just west of Lumsden.