OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sufism in al-Andalus

Sufism in Spain was practiced in Al-Andalus mainly in the 9th century. Although it did not reach the extent of other lands, it would strongly influence Islam in Spain and Iberian culture in general.

## History

The first spread of Sufi spirituality can be traced back to Ibn Masarra (883-931), who wrote works in the line of Mutazilism and Batimi Sufism. His text are lost and what is known about them is due mainly to the work of a later disciple, Ibn al-A'rabi (1165-1240).
The next decades saw a growth of Sufi movements in Al-Andalus, although they did not become organized in tariqa as in other lands, but in smaller groups centered around a master, without an initiation ritual and often without calling themselves Sufi. One of the first true schools formed was that of Ibn al-Arif (1088-1141), although it would be with Abu Madyan (116-1198), who performed a synthesis of Sufi thought of his time, including Oriental, Andalusi and Magrebi, that Sufism would truly blossom in Spain. His influence was notable, having among his disciples Al-Arabi himself.
Other important Sufis of the time were Ibn Sab'in (1270), and one of his successors, the famous Andalusian poet Abu al-Hasan al-Shushtari, whose works are still in force in the Magreb.
Spanish Arabist Miguel Asín Palacios speculated that the influence of Sufi mysticism reached Christianity. As quoted by Fernando Sánchez Dragó:
   Miguel Asín Palacios, a great Arabist, almost the father of Pan-Arabism, in the good sense of the word, talked about the journey and return of religious thought, of mystical though from Christianity to Christianity; he referred to how the masters of Sufism in Spain, after Islam passed through Egypt and other lands in northern Africa and contacted the Desert Fathers, the men from Alexandria, the Coptic Christians, received the esoteric message of Jesus, translated it to Islam, and then, from Islam, from Ibn-Masarra, from Muignuhdin Ibn-Al-Arabi, from other great mystical thinkers of Spanish Islam, was given back to Christianity. There would not be Juan de la Cruz, there would not be Teresa de Jesús, there would not be Miguel de Molinos, there would not be the Alumbrados, the Quietistas, the Dexados, without the precedent of these "God's madmen" who had a main role for many centuries, and specifically during the centuries of the taifa kingdoms, in that retrieval of a mysticism that came from Christianity yet was universal.

## Spanish sufis

* Abu al-Abbas as-Sabti (1129-1204)
* Abu Madyan de Cantiliana
* Abu l-Abbas Ibn al-Arif, Ibn al-Arif
* Abu al-Abbas al-Mursi
* Abu l-Hakam Ibn Barrayan
* Abu Marwan al-Yuhansi
* Ibn Arabi
* al-Shushtari
* Ibn al-Mar'a
* Ibn Sa'bin
* Abu Ishaq al-Balafiqui
* Abu Ya'far al-Cochi
* Ibn Abbad de Ronda
* Abu Ya'far Sidibono
* Ibn Jamis
* Ibn Masarra
* Ibn al-Galib
* al-Jarrat
# Sediminibacillus

Sediminibacillus is a genus of bacteria from the family of Bacillaceae. Sediminibacillus species are halophilic bacteria and found in salty human stools and marine sponges. Sediminibacillus species are identified from Plakortis dariae sponge of the Saint Martin's island of the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh.

## Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).
| 16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024 | 120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220 |
| Sediminibacillus S. albus Wang, Xue & Ma 2009 S. terrae Wu et al. 2020 S. halophilus Carrasco et al. 2008 | Sediminibacillus "S. massiliensis" Senghor et al. 2017 S. albus Wang, Xue & Ma 2009 "Virgibacillus senegalensis" S. terrae Wu et al. 2020 S. dalangtanensis Huang et al. 2022 S. halophilus Carrasco et al. 2008 |
# St. Moritz Bobsleigh Club

The St. Moritz Bobsleigh Club, officially known as Bobclub St. Moritz is a club located in St. Moritz, Switzerland for members interested in bobsleigh and skeleton. Founded in 1897, it is the oldest of its type in the world. The club is also responsible for maintaining the bobsleigh and skeleton track that has been used for two Winter Olympics, 21 bobsleigh and skeleton world championships, and one luge world championship.
The former president of the club is Gunter Sachs, a German industrialist, a position he has held from 1969 to his death in 2011.
# William Gregory (lord mayor)

Sir William Gregory (c. 1400 in Mildenhall - 1467 in London) was Lord Mayor of London from 1451 to 1452.

## Biography

The son of Roger Gregory of Mildenhall and an alderman of the Skinners Company, he made generous bequests to the church of Ss Anne and Agnes, Gresham Street, Aldersgate.
He was a wealthy man, and, in 1461, founded a chantry at Ss Anne and Agnes from the rents of some property in the parish which he had purchased from a widow, Margaret Holmehegge, and two other persons. On 6 November 1465, he made his will, by which it appears that he had been three times married (his wives were named Joan, Julian, and Joan respectively), had two daughters and had nine grandchildren at the time of his death in January 1467.
# Bartlemy

Bartlemy (Irish: Tobar Pártnáin, meaning 'well of Pártnán') is a small village and townland in County Cork, Ireland. It is located in the civil parish of Gortroe close to the town of Rathcormac. The local Roman Catholic church is dedicated to Saint Bartholomew and was built c. 1820. A "holy well", dedicated to the same saint, is located to the south-west. The village's former post office (built c. 1860) closed in 1991. As of 2024, the local national (primary) school had over 90 pupils enrolled.
# Treaty of Moscow (1921)

The Treaty of Moscow, or Treaty of Brotherhood (Turkish: Moskova Antlaşması, Russian: Московский договор) was an agreement between the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (TBMM), under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal, and Russia, under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin, signed on 16 March 1921. Neither the Republic of Turkey nor the Soviet Union had then been established. The internationally recognised Turkish government at the time was that of Sultan Mehmed VI, but it was not party to the Treaty of Moscow. The Sultan's government had signed the Treaty of Sèvres, which had been repudiated by the Turkish National Movement.

## Key points

Under the Treaty of Moscow, both governments undertook to establish friendly relations between the countries. The treaty stipulated that the term "Turkey" in it meant the territories included in the National Oath, which had been adopted by the Ottoman Parliament on 28 January 1920. Article VI declared all treaties that had been concluded between Russia and Turkey to be null and void. Under Article II, Turkey ceded Batum and the adjacent area north of the village of Sarp to Soviet Georgia (the Kars Oblast went to Turkey).
Article III instituted an autonomous Nakhichevan district under Soviet Azerbaijan's protectorate. Under Article V, the parties agreed to delegate the final elaboration of the status of the Black Sea and the Turkish Straits to a future conference of delegates of the littoral states if the "full sovereignty" and security of Turkey and "her capital city of Constantinople" were not injured.

## Kars treaty

Turkey's borders, as well as those of Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan, as defined by the treaty as well as the nearly-identical Treaty of Kars (signed on October 13, 1921), are still in existence.

## 2015 Russian–Turkish tensions

After the shootdown of the Russian Sukhoi Su-24 over the Syria–Turkey border in November 2015 and the rise of Russian–Turkish tensions, members of the Communist Party of Russia proposed annulling the Treaty of Moscow. Initially, the Russian Foreign Ministry considered that action to send a political message to the government of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. However, Moscow ultimately decided against the idea in its effort to de-escalate tensions with Ankara.
# Battle of Baghdad

Battle, capture, fall, or siege of Baghdad may refer to:
* Siege of Baghdad (812–813), during the Fourth Fitna in the Abbasid Caliphate
* Siege of Baghdad (865), during the Fifth Fitna in the Abbasid Caliphate
* Battle of Baghdad (946), by the Buyid dynasty against the Hamdanid dynasty
* Siege of Baghdad (1136), by the Seljuk Empire against the Abbasid Caliphate
* Siege of Baghdad (1157), by the Seljuk Empire against the Abbasid Caliphate
* Siege of Baghdad (1258), Mongol conquest of the Abbasid Caliphate
* Siege of Baghdad (1393), by the Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur
* Siege of Baghdad (1401), by the Turco-Mongol conqueror Timur
* Capture of Baghdad (1534), during the Ottoman–Safavid Wars
* Capture of Baghdad (1624), during the Ottoman–Safavid Wars
* Siege of Baghdad (1625–1626), during the Ottoman–Safavid Wars
* Siege of Baghdad (1630) during the Ottoman–Safavid Wars
* Capture of Baghdad (1638), during the Ottoman–Safavid Wars
* Siege of Baghdad (1733), during the Ottoman–Persian Wars
* Siege of Baghdad (1821), during the Ottoman-Persian Wars
* Fall of Baghdad (1917), during World War I
* Capture of Baghdad (1941), during World War II
* Operation Baghdad [fa] during the Iran-Iraq war
* Battle of Baghdad (2003), during the Iraq War
* Battle of Baghdad (2006–2008), during the Iraq War
# Larry Neufeld

Larry Neufeld is a Canadian politician who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia in the 2024 British Columbia general election. He represents the electoral district of Peace River South as a member of the Conservative Party of British Columbia.
Neufeld donated $400 in 2021 to the People's Party of Canada and $400 in 2022 to PPC leader Maxime Bernier's riding association in Beauce.

## Electoral record

vte2024 British Columbia general election: Peace River South :
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | Expenditures |
| | Conservative | Larry Neufeld | 7,181 | 69.8% | +39.27 |
| | Unaffiliated | Mike Bernier | 2,525 | 24.6% | -26.59 |
| | New Democratic | Marshall Bigsby | 576 | 5.6% | -10.04 |
| Total valid votes | Total valid votes | Total valid votes | 10,282 | – |
| Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | Total rejected ballots | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | |
| Registered voters | Registered voters | Registered voters | |
| Source: Elections BC |||||||
# Irek Faizullin

Irek Envarovich Faizullin (born 8 December 1962) is a Russian politician who is currently the Minister for Construction and Housing since 10 November 2020. He was deputy minister for construction and housing from 22 January 2020 until 9 November 2020, when Prime Minister of Russia Mikhail Mishustin nominated Faizullin for the post of Minister of Construction & Housing. He was approved by the State Duma and confirmed the post on 10 November.

## Sanctions

In May 2022 the United States Department of the Treasury placed sanctions on Faizullin pursuant to Executive Order 14024 as a member of the Government of Russia. He is also a member of the board of directors of Russian Railways.
Sanctioned by the UK government in 2022 in relation to Russo-Ukrainian War.
# Sergei Samok

Sergei Viktorovich Samok (Russian: Сергей Викторович Самок; born 15 February 2001) is a Russian football player, who plays for Azerbaijani club Turan Tovuz.

## Club career

He made his debut in the Russian Football National League for SKA-Khabarovsk on 13 October 2021 in a game against Fakel Voronezh.
# Hafod

Hafod, a Welsh word meaning a 'summer dwelling', may refer to:
* Hafod estate (Hafod Uchtryd), estate in Ceredigion, Wales
* Hafod Forest, woodland in Ceredigion, Wales
* Hafod, Swansea, district in Swansea, Wales
** Hafod Copperworks, former copperworks in Swansea, Wales
* Hafod Colliery, former colliery in Wrexham, Wales
** Bonc yr Hafod / Hafod Community Woodland, country park on the site of the former colliery, in Wrexham, Wales
** Hafod y Bwch Commemorative Woodland, commerative woodland to COVID-19 pandemic in Erddig, Wrexham, Wales
* A transhumance system with upland hafod farmhouses, see Agriculture in Wales#History
* A cottage in the book Hovel in the Hills
# Pi Gamma Omicron

Pi Gamma Omicron (ΠΓΟ) was one of the first documented black collegiate fraternities which was founded in 1905.

## History

The group was founded at Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio. The group had 12 members. The group was not known by the Ohio State's registrars office but was known to the Chicago Defender newspaper which wrote an article about Pi Gamma Omicron. This article about Pi Gamma Omicron took the interest of Alpha Phi Alpha founder Robert H. Ogle who was inspired to transform Alpha Phi Alpha from a literary society into a fraternity.
It was reported that Pi Gamma Omicron initially desired to become a national fraternity by establishing chapters in Michigan, Minnesota, Illinois, and Indiana according to the Beta Theta Pi correspondent at Ohio State University, but this expansion did not occur.
One member, Elmer Shackelford, went on to earn his law certificate in 1906, then the equivalent of today's law degree.

## Founders

The Founders of Pi Gamma Omicron were:
* Leroy Barnett
* William Berry
* W. E. Davis
* Richard Pettiford
* Elmer A. Shackelford
* John Shavers
* Norman Thorne
* H. A. Turner
* C. C. Underwood
* Walter Williams
* William Woodward
# Bass Lake, Indiana

Bass Lake is a census-designated place (CDP) in California and North Bend Townships, Starke County, in the U.S. state of Indiana. The population was 1,195 at the 2010 census.

## History

The community was named after the nearby lake (Bass Lake) which was populated with a large number of black bass. It was formerly called Cedar Lake.
Author Lew Wallace spent significant time at Bass Lake, where he wrote portions of Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ (1880).
A post office was established at Bass Lake in 1892, and remained in operation until it was discontinued in 1948.

## Geography

The adjacent lake is distinct in that it sits atop a gentle hill, with its drainage basin sloping away from its shores.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 11.3 square miles (29 km$^2$), of which 9.1 square miles (24 km$^2$) is land and 2.1 square miles (5.4 km$^2$) (18.95%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,249 people, 534 households, and 365 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 136.5 inhabitants per square mile (52.7/km$^2$). There were 1,193 housing units at an average density of 130.4 per square mile (50.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.40% White, 0.08% Native American, 0.24% Asian, 0.48% from other races, and 0.80% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.12% of the population.
There were 534 households, out of which 23.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.4% were married couples living together, 9.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.5% were non-families. 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.85.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 20.6% under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 24.7% from 25 to 44, 27.6% from 45 to 64, and 19.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.2 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $42,440, and the median income for a family was $47,361. Males had a median income of $37,159 versus $19,318 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $19,407. About 10.6% of families and 14.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 35.4% of those under age 18 and 5.5% of those age 65 or over.
# Tat Wood

Tat Wood is a British writer, known for his non-fiction work in the field of science fiction analysis.
Wood has written the About Time episode guides to the television series Doctor Who. The first five volumes of the series, begun in 2004, were written with Lawrence Miles and emphasise the importance of understanding the series in the context of British politics, culture and science. Volume Six was, barring a guest-piece by Robert Shearman, entirely Wood's work. Volumes Seven, Eight and Nine were co-written with Dorothy Ail after Miles left the project. Wood and Ail updated the e-book editions of volumes Five and Six. The updated Volume Three, substantially expanded solely by Wood but retaining a few pieces of Miles's work, was published in 2008 and longlisted for the BSFA Award for non-fiction. A revised two volume Volume Four was published in 2023.
In addition to this series, Wood has contributed to non-fiction works for other publishers, including Time and Relative Dissertations in Space (Manchester University Press 2006), The Cult TV Book (IB Tauris 2010), TARDIS Outside In volume 2 (ATB Books 2013), and Outside In Boldly Goes (2015). In November 2014 he gave a talk for the 'ON TV' symposium held in Sheffield by University of Northampton. He and Ail wrote World History in Minutes for Quercus Books in 2015.
Wood has written for Doctor Who Magazine, Starburst, TV Zone, Film Review and Xpose on subjects as diverse as crop circles, art fraud, the problems of adapting children's novels for television and the Piltdown hoax. In a 1993 edition of "Dreamwatch", he wrote a piece entitled "Hai! Anxiety", in which the Jon Pertwee era of the series was – unusually for the time– held up to sustained criticism.
He is also active in Doctor Who fandom, notably as editor of the fanzines Spectrox, Yak Butter Sandwich and Spaceball Ricochet. Some of his fan writing was included in the anthology Licence Denied, published in 1997.
# Namhkam, Shan State

Namhkam (Burmese: နမ့်ခမ်းမြို့; Shan: ၼမ်ႉၶမ်း; Tai Nüa: ᥘᥛᥳ ᥑᥛᥰ), also spelled Nam Kham is the principal town of Namhkam Township in northern Shan State, Myanmar, situated on the southern bank of the Shweli River near the border with Yunnan Province, China.

## History

The region surrounding Namhkam originally belonged to China, but from 1894 to 1897, the British colonial administration in Burma built a road between this frontier town and Bhamo by the Ayeyarwady River in Kachin State for a distance of 56 miles (90 km). The road was intended to be used by Chinese muleteers for the benefit of border trade.
During the Second World War, the Allies built the Ledo Road, stretching from Ledo in Assam, India to Kunming, China, across northern Burma. By the end of 1944, the road stretched 439 miles (707 km) to Namhkam, linking up with the old Burma Road at Bhamo.
In 2005, the Shan State Army - South attempted to fill a power vacuum in Namhkam left by the 1989 ceasefire agreement between their counterparts in the north and the Burmese military, but their attempt was promptly thwarted.
The governments of Myanmar and China have been working to resolve a border dispute in the area of Namhkam and Muse since 2014.
On 6 November 2023, the Namkham police station was captured by Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) fighters, bringing the city under the limited control of the Brotherhood Alliance during the ongoing civil war. Anti-junta forces took full control of the town and surrounding township on 18 December 2023.

## Education

As of 2017, there are two high schools, three middle schools, 100 primary schools and one monastic school in Namhkam.

## Agriculture

Cultivation of the opium poppy in the area during British rule caused considerable deforestation, noted in 1920 east of a line from Lashio to Namhkam. A 2005 survey by the Shan State Peace Council recorded 1,800 drug addicts in Namhkam alone. Community-run rehabilitation centers were set up to tackle the rising problem of addiction. The first of these facilities were constructed in 1998, but were declared illegal and forced to close down in 2000 by authorities. Buddhist monks and teachers in Namhkam are also involved in the amelioration of the HIV/AIDS issue amongst drug users.
Hsinshweli high yield hybrid rice cultivation has been promoted in recent years by authorities in the region. The results were disaterous for Shan farmers and left many of them in destitute.

## Development

Myanmar and China signed a contract in August 2003 for the construction of the hydroelectric Shweli I Dam on the Shweli River near Namhkam, aiming to supply electricity to Kyaukme, Hsipaw, Lashio and Namtu. It was completed in 2009 and has a 600 MW installed capacity.

## Notable people

Burmese American Dr. Gordon Seagrave, famously known as the "Burma Surgeon", ran the American missionary hospital overlooking Namhkam. He was believed to have had military intelligence duties as well as medical ones, and he later wrote articles on his experience in Namhkam.

## Gallery

* Buddhist Pagoda in Namhkan
* Hospital in Namhkan
* Road in Namhkan
# Mad Sin

Mad Sin is a German psychobilly group that began in 1987.

## Style

Mad Sin, formed in 1987, have been inspired by horror punk and B-movies, with a theatrical style which they describe as not "...constrained by the psychobilly tag but veer[ing] into punk, country and metal influences too."
Without abandoning the psycho-horror lyrical content, their musical arrangements have widened to incorporate other variables. The band's style is described by The Prague Post as "a sped-up combination of rockabilly, punk, white-trash blues and tongue-in-cheek sarcasm".

## History
### 1980s

Founded 1987 by Koefte De Ville, who had just dropped out of school, punk and rockabilly guitarist Stein and four-week-bass-playing Holly, they struggled around with the help of some friends, who organized gigs in several shady bars of Berlin. They played as street musicians in shopping malls, where they played rockabilly, country, and blues songs to get tourists' money.

### 2010

On April 23, 2010, Mad Sin released their eleventh album Burn and Rise on People Like You records.

### 2020

On September 11, 2020, Mad Sin released their twelfth album Unbreakable on Century Media.

## Side projects

Koefte formed a side project called Dead Kings with members of Batmobile, Nekromantix, Klingonz & Milwaukee Wildmen. Holly, his brother, and Tex followed their Rockabilly roots and Dusty Gray and His Rough Riding Ramblers. Stein joined the United Swindlers with members of Frantic Flintstones and Ripmen. Peter Sandorff is a member of the Psychobilly band Hola Ghost. Valle, Tex Morton and Andy Laaf are the "Berlin Three" of U.S. Bombs and One Man Army Drummer Chip Hanna in his Country/Americana project Chip Hanna & The Berlin Three which Chip started in 2006.

## Members
### Core

* Koefte Deville (Birthname: Mourad Calvies) - Vocals
* Valle - Bass and Backing Vocals
* Manny Anzaldo - Guitar and Backing Vocals
* Andy Kandil - Guitar and Backing Vocals
* KO Ristolainen - Drums
* Valle
* „Köfte“ de Ville

### Other members

* Hellvis - Backing Vocals

### Guest members

* Tommy Gun - Drums
* Micha - Drums
* Nick 13 - Vocals
* Patricia Day - Vocals
* Lars Frederiksen - Vocals
* Hulk Hogan - Vocals ("Brrrother!")

## Albums

* Chills and Thrills in a Drama of Mad Sins and Mystery (1988)
* Distorted Dimensions (1990)
* Amphigory (1991)
* Break the Rules (1992)
* A Ticket into Underworld (1993)
* God Save the Sin (1996)
* Sweet & Innocent?... Loud & Dirty! (1998)
* Survival Of The Sickest (2002)
* Dead Moon's Calling (2005)
* Teachin' the Goodies (2006)
* 20 Years in Sin Sin (2007)
* Burn and Rise (2010)
* 25 Years - Still Mad (2012)
* Unbreakable (2020)

## Videography

* Scarred ol'heart
* All This and More (1998)
* Cursed (2010)
* Nine lives (2012)
# Ambrose Button

Sir Ambrose Button (c. 1549 – after 1608) was the member of the Parliament of England for Malmesbury for the Parliament of 1571.
Button was the first son of William Button (1526–1591) of Alton Priors, Wiltshire, who had also been an MP. Ambrose was disinherited by his father in favour of his brother, also William (died 1599), causing the Privy Council to summon William senior to London to explain matters. They informed him that Queen Elizabeth "much disliked" the action, and that Ambrose was "known to some at court to be of very good behaviour and well affected in religion, perhaps better given" than William junior. The disinheritance was not reversed, however.
Button was knighted at Greenwich in 1605.