OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Padmâvatî

Padmâvatî is an opera in two acts by the French composer Albert Roussel. The libretto, by Louis Laloy, is based on Théodore-Marie Pavie's La légende de Padmanî, reine de Tchitor, which retells the legend recounted in Malik Muhammad Jayasi's poem Padmavat (1540). It was first performed at the Paris Opéra on June 1, 1923. Roussel styled the work an opéra-ballet and there are many dance numbers and opportunities for spectacle. The composer was inspired by his visit to the ruined city of Chittor in Rajputana (now Rajasthan) and he incorporated many features of Indian music into the score.

## Roles

| Role | Voice type | Premiere cast, 1 June 1923 Conductor: Philippe Gaubert |
| Padmâvatî, Queen of Chittor | mezzo-soprano | Ketty Lapeyrette |
| Ratan-Sen, her husband, King of Chittor | tenor | Paul Franz |
| Alaouddin, Sultan of the Mughals | baritone | Édouard Roux |
| Nakamti, a young woman | soprano | Jeanne Laval |
| Brahmin | tenor | Henri Fabert |
| Badal, Ratan-Sen's enemy | tenor | Mario Podestà |
| Gora, official of the palace | tenor | Dalerant |
| Priest | bass | Armand-Émile Narçon |

## Synopsis

Place: Chittor, India Time: around 1300

### Act One

The sultan of Khilji Dynasty Alaouddin is besieging the city of Chittor. He comes to its ruler, Ratan-Sen, asking for peace negotiations. Ratan-Sen shows him around the city. Alaouddin also asks to be granted a glimpse of Ratan-Sen's wife, Padmâvatî, who is legendary for her beauty. Ratan-Sen reluctantly agrees. Alaouddin refuses to make peace unless Padmâvatî is handed over to him.

### Act Two

The Khilji army attack the city and Padmâvatî and the wounded Ratan-Sen take refuge in the temple of Siva. Ratan-Sen tells his wife that the people will be massacred unless she gives herself to Alaouddin. Ratan-Sen is stoned to death, and Padmâvatî joins him on his funeral pyre rather than giving herself to Alaouddin.

## Recordings

* Padmâvatî, Marilyn Horne, Nicolai Gedda, Jane Berbié, José van Dam, Marc Vento, Toulouse Capitole Orchestra, conducted by Michel Plasson (EMI)
* Padmâvatî, Rita Gorr (Padmâvatî), Albert Lance (Ratan-Sen), Gérard Souzay (Alaouddin). London Symphony Orchestra and BBC Chorus, conducted by Jean Martinon (Gala)

## Sources

* The Viking Opera Guide ed. Holden (Viking, 1993)
* Del Teatro (in Italian)
* Casaglia, Gherardo (2005)."Padmâvatî, 1 June 1923". L'Almanacco di Gherardo Casaglia (in Italian).
* The Oxford Illustrated History of Opera ed. Parker (OUP, 1994)
* Smith, Richard Langham (1992), 'Padmâvatî' in The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, ed. Stanley Sadie (London) ISBN 0-333-73432-7
# Technological Institute of the Philippines

The Technological Institute of the Philippines (T.I.P.; Filipino: Institusyong Panteknolohiya ng Pilipinas) is a private, non-sectarian institution with three campuses located in Metro Manila. It was founded in Manila on February 8, 1962, by a group of educators led by Demetrio A. Quirino Jr. and his wife Teresita U. Quirino. As of 2025, the founders' daughter, Elizabeth Quirino-Lahoz, is serving as chairperson; and her son, Angelo Lahoz, is serving as president.
While touted as an engineering school, T.I.P also offers undergraduate programs in computer-related studies, architecture, business administration, teacher education, English studies, and political science. Similarly, T.I.P offers enrollments to senior high school and graduate studies in select engineering and computing disciplines.

## CHED Centers of Excellence and Development

During this period, the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) also awarded 16 Centers of Excellence and Centers of Development to both T.I.P. campuses.
Moreover, CHED also awarded Autonomous Status to T.I.P. Quezon City in 2009 and to both T.I.P. Quezon City and T.I.P. Manila in 2016 and again in 2019.
Most recently, the CHED renewed the Autonomous status of both T.I.P. Quezon City and T.I.P. Manila for another 3 years– 2024-2027.
# Anabelle Ghabach

Anabelle Rose Ghabach (Arabic: أنابيل روز غبش; born 11 October 2005) is a footballer who plays as a midfielder for NPL NSW Women's club APIA Leichhardt. Born in Australia, she plays for the Lebanon national team.

## Club career

Ghabach played for Football NSW Institute between 2017 and 2023; in early 2023 she tore her anterior cruciate ligament and was sidelined for over a year. Ghabach moved to APIA Leichhardt ahead of the 2024 NPL NSW season, and returned from her injury in May 2024.

## International career

In March 2021, Ghabach was called up for a training camp for Australia U17 ahead of the 2022 AFC U-17 Women's Asian Cup qualification. She was called up twice more, in March 2022 and April 2022.
Ghabach was called up to the Lebanon national team in February 2025, ahead of the 2025 International Women's Championship in Nepal. She made her full international debut against Myanmar, in a 3–1 defeat on 17 February.
# Nazim Uddin Ahmed (politician)

Nazim Uddin Ahmed (Bengali: নাজ়িম উদ্দীন আহ়মেদ) is a Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician and a former member of parliament for Lakshmipur-1. He is president of the party's Ramganj branch.

## Early life

Ahmed was born in 1968, into a Bengali Muslim family in Ramganj, Noakhali District, East Pakistan (now in Lakshmipur District, Bangladesh).

## Career

Ahmed was elected to parliament from Lakshmipur-1 as a Bangladesh Nationalist Party candidate in 2008.
# Journal of Plankton Research

The Journal of Plankton Research is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on plankton. It is published by Oxford University Press and the editor-in-chief is Beatrix E. Beisner (Université du Québec à Montréal). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2018 impact factor of 2.209.
# John Conyers (died 1396)

Sir John Conyers (died 1396) of Sockburn, Durham was an English land owner and knight.
Conyers was a younger son of Roger Conyers and Alice de Faye. John was heir to his brother Geoffrey. He died in 1396 and was buried in Grey Friars, York. His wife Elizabeth died in 1402.

## Marriage and issue

He married Elizabeth, the widow of William Playce, she was the youngest daughter and co-heiress of William Aton and Isabel Percy. They had the following issue:
* Elizabeth Conyers, married firstly Henry Boynton and secondly John Felton.
* Robert Conyers (died 1431), married Isabel Pert.
# Shivani Raghuvanshi

Shivani Raghuvanshi is an Indian actress. She made her acting debut in the 2014 dark comedy Titli, she earned wider recognition for her role in the webseries Made in Heaven.

## Filmography

* Shockers (TV Series)
* Jaan The Jigar (Short Movie)
* Jutti, The Shoe (Short Movie) (2018)
* Angrezi Mein Kehte Hain
* Titli (2014)
* Posham Pa (2019)
* Devi (Short movie)
* Baatein (short film)
* Comedy Circus (2018)
* Made in Heaven (2019) (TV Series) as Jaspreet "Jazz" Kaur
* Raat Akeli Hai (2020)
* Murder In Mahim (2024)
* Zindaginama (2024)
* Dupahiya (2025) (TV Series) as Roshni Jha

## Awards

* Most Promising Newcomer Female (22nd Screen Awards)
# Riadh Ghandri

Riadh Ghandri (born 18 February 1973) is a Tunisian volleyball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Plane Dumb

Plane Dumb is the 12th Van Beuren Tom and Jerry cartoon, released on June 4, 1932. The cartoon's soundtrack is done by Gene Rodemich.

## Plot

Tom and Jerry are flying a small airplane and find themselves off the coast of Africa. In an ill-advised effort to fit in among the natives, the two decide to don blackface and talk in a stereotypical African-American dialect. While doing this, the plane goes off balance and crashes into the ocean. After encounters with sharks, an overly-friendly octopus, and a whale, Tom and Jerry make it to the mainland. They are confronted by beasts of the African jungle, from which they take refuge in a cave, where they meet some skeletal Africans that were retooled from the first Tom and Jerry short, "Wot a Night." Once Tom and Jerry come out of the cave, African tribesmen (also stereotypically portrayed as spear-chuckers with bones in their hair) appear from behind almost every rock and crevice, outraged at the sight of the two in blackface, and begin an angry pursuit. The cartoon ends with Tom and Jerry wiping the blackface off their face, still running away from the Africans.
# Matti Launonen

Matti Launonen (31 May 1944 – 23 March 2019) was a Finnish para table tennis player who competed until his sudden death in 2019. He was one of the first table tennis players to win a world title in the para table tennis championships in Assen, Netherlands and a European title in Salou, Spain.
Launonen was seriously injured aged 18 in a car accident while travelling at more than 80 km/h, the car he was driving had handbrake fault and he couldn't stop the car: the car suddenly turned and rolled around.
He had a fall at his home and suffered a leg injury but died at hospital aged 74 in Florida.
# Joseph Dronzek

Joseph Francis Dronzek (born July 14, 1940 in Yonkers, New York) is an American sprint canoer who competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. Canoeing at the 1964 Summer Olympics was held between 20 October and 22 October on Lake Sagami, 60 km (37 miles) from Sagamiko, Kanagawa, Japan. There were seven events, five for men and two for women. Dronzek was eliminated in the semifinals of the C-2 1000 metres event. This is a picture of Mr. Dronzek is affiliated with the Yonkers Canoe Club, and trained for the world competition in New York's Hudson River and lake Osceola with his doubles partner James Jerome O'Rourke, Jr. During their training he was working full-time learning the electrical trade. Joe Dronzek became an electrician by trade and handyman for most that knew him; and even restored an old oak canoe with his daughter Christine years ago. At age 73, he still canoes mostly on Lake Oscawana in Putnam Valley, New York, where he lives.
# Archispirostreptus syriacus

Archispirostreptus syriacus is a species of millipede within the family Spirostreptidae. The species is found distributed in the Middle East in countries such as Syria, Israel, Yemen, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia, where it inhabits dry desert landscapes. The species grows to a length of 125 to 140 millimeters with a maximum body width of 8 to 10 millimeters. The coloration is dark gray to black with brown antennae and legs.
# Maida–Windygates Border Crossing

The Maida–Windygates Border Crossing connects the cities of Langdon, North Dakota and Morden, Manitoba on the Canada–United States border. North Dakota Highway 1 on the American side joins Manitoba Highway 31 on the Canadian side.

## Canadian side

In terms of the region, the earliest customs service began at Snowflake in the 1880s, where the North-West Mounted Police (NWMP) collected duties, issued permits, and patrolled the border. A customs office existed at Mowbray 1899–1908 under the administrative oversight of the Port of Winnipeg, at which time the Snowflake office opened. Mowbray reopened, operating 1926–1930, at which time the Windygates office opened about 9 kilometres (6 mi) eastward along the border.
In 1959, a driver and passenger died when their car crashed into the customs building. The present border station was built in 1963.
In 2020, the former border hours of 9 am–10 pm reduced, becoming 9 am–5 pm.

## US side

The early border station history at Maida is unclear, but an office was known to exist by the late 1930s. The border station station that was constructed in 1961 was replaced in 2012. The construction of the new station required a local bar named Jacks Bar to be torn down. The once booming town of Maida has become a ghost town.
# Digby Gut

The Digby Gut is a narrow channel connecting the Bay of Fundy with the Annapolis Basin. The town of Digby, Nova Scotia is located on the inner portion of the western side of the Gut. The eastern entrance is marked by the Point Prim Lighthouse. Strong tidal currents, numerous rocky ledges, frequent fogs and unpredictable winds make it a dangerous passage requiring a pilot or local knowledge to navigate. Tide flows create 5 knot tidal currents and create numerous whirlpools and eddies.
The gut, technically referred to as a water gap, is about a half nautical mile in width and bordered by high rocky cliffs. It marks a break in the North Mountain ridge along the Annapolis Valley and is the eastern end of Digby Neck. Digby Gut had its origins as the northern terminus of the ancient Bear River, part of which is now a drowned river valley.
Digby Gut is overlooked by the Digby Pines Resort and has been used daily for many years by Digby-Saint John ferries such as the SS Princess Helene and MV Princess of Acadia. The famous poet Bliss Carman wrote a classic Canadian poem of courage about a fearless twelve-year-old sailor who single-handedly sailed a schooner through Digby Gut during a storm, entitled "Arnold, Master of the Scud".
# Shirdi Sai of Delaware

Shirdi Sai of Delaware is a Hindu temple in Newark, Delaware, United States.
The main deity is Sai Baba of Shirdi. Other deities at the temple are Lord Ganesh, Lord Shiva, Lord Dattatreya, Lord Ayappa, Goddess Sarawathi, Lord Venkateshwara, Goddess Sridevi and Bhudevi; Lord Kartikeya (Murugan, Subrahmanya), GoddessValli and Devasena.
# Object binding

Several object binding times exist in object oriented systems. Java, for example, has late binding leading to more loosely coupled systems (at least for deployment).
# Mary Ellen Withrow

Mary Ellen Hinamon Withrow (born October 2, 1930) is an American activist and former politician who served as the 40th Treasurer of the United States from March 1, 1994 to January 20, 2001 under President Bill Clinton.
She also was Treasurer when the $5, $10, $20, $50, and $100 notes were redesigned in the 1990s.

## Biography

A native of Marion County, Ohio, Withrow served as the treasurer of her home state of Ohio, a position to which she was elected in 1982, 1986, and 1990. Before that, she was elected Treasurer of her native Marion County, Ohio in 1976 and 1980. This makes her the only person to have held the post of treasurer at all three levels of government — local, state and national.
Withrow began her career in public service in 1969 as the first woman elected to the Elgin Local School Board in Marion County. As Ohio's Treasurer, Withrow instituted new programs, achieved record earnings, and was nationally recognized for her efficient management. Withrow was a Presidential Elector for Ohio in 1992 and a delegate to the 2000 Democratic National Convention from Ohio. She again served as a member of the Ohio delegation at the 2004 Democratic National Convention.

## Recognition

Withrow is the recipient of numerous honors, including the Donald L. Scantlebury Memorial Award from the Treasury's Joint Financial Management Improvement Program for financial excellence and improvement in government, and the nation's "Most Valuable State Public Official" by City & State Newspaper in 1990.
She has been the president of several Treasury-related associations, including the National Association of State Treasurers, and the National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers.

## Activism

Withrow is an activist for women in government and is a member of the board of directors of Women Executives in State Government, an inductee into the Ohio Women's Hall of Fame and a recipient of a Women Executives in State Government fellowship to Harvard University. Following her retirement from office in January 2001, Withrow became active in the US Treasury's historical society. Withrow's collection of personal documents, photographs, awards and personal papers are housed at the Marion County Historical Society, Marion, Ohio. She has appeared in television ads supporting Ohio's Issue 3 casino proposal. She is also quoted extensively in newspaper advertisements and direct mailings of by Federated Mint LLC and Lincoln Treasury. These advertisements use her former title to give legitimacy to questionable items.

## Legacy

Marion City Schools announced in September 2019 that it would be naming two new schools after Withrow - Mary Ellen Withrow Middle School Academy and the Mary Ellen Withrow High School Academy.
# Colin Lambert

Colin William Lambert (born August 1958) is a British politician and current schoolteacher, who served as Leader of Rochdale Metropolitan Borough Council from 2010 until 2014.

## Early life and career

Lambert joined the Labour Party in the mid-1970s as a student. He later qualified as a teacher and became involved with teaching unions. He taught in Rochdale for 20 years.

## Political career

Lambert was a councillor from 2 May 1997 to 5 May 2016, representing the Heywood West ward. On the council cabinet, he represented Children, Schools and Families, when Rochdale was the fourth-worst local education authority in England. On 17 December 2010, nine Liberal Democrat councillors resigned from their party and left their coalition with the Conservatives on the council, leaving Labour as the biggest party on the council with Lambert as council leader. In the 2011 council election, Labour remained the largest party and with 29 out of 60 councillors. On 3 June 2014, he resigned as council leader, two days after celebrating 1,000 days in the role.
Lambert joined the Brexit Party in 2019 and was their parliamentary candidate for Heywood and Middleton in the 2019 general election. He received 3,952 votes and came third behind the Conservatives and Labour respectively.

## Personal life

Lambert is married with two children, and is retired. and lives in Broadhalgh. He enjoys walking as a hobby.
# Park Seon-chul

Park Seon-chul (born 9 November 1973) is a South Korean volleyball player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Gandiva

Gandiva (IAST: Gāṇḍīva; Sanskrit: गाण्डीव) is a divine bow of Arjuna, one of the Pandavas from the Hindu epic Mahabharata. The bow was made by Brahma.

## Story of Creation

According to the Mahabharata, the legendary Gandiva bow was fashioned by Brahma, the creator of the universe, for the noble purpose of safeguarding Dharma. This sacred weapon was then passed on to Lord Shiva, who held it for a millennium before it was entrusted to Brahma for a period of 503 years. Subsequently, Indra wielded the bow for 580 years, followed by Chandra Deva for 500 years. Finally, Varuna held the bow for a 100 years before bestowing it upon Arjuna, the valiant warrior of the Pandavas.

## How Arjuna got the Gandiva

Agni, the god of fire, wanted to devour the forest of Khandavaprastha, to regain his power and splendor. He had enlisted the help of the two heroes, Krishna and Arjuna. Arjuna was one of the best warriors and the greatest archer of the world at that time. He demanded from Agni a bow that would suit his strength, skill, and the power of celestial weapons.
Agni then requested Varuna to bless him with the desired weapon. Varuna gave the Gandiva bow to Arjuna, as well as two quivers which would provide an inexhaustible number of arrows. The bow was dreaded by many during the Kurukshetra war, having defeated and killed many great warriors and the gods themselves.

## Features

The Gandiva gives a wielder self confidence, self belief. It is believed to have the strength of one hundred thousand bows and the bow consisted of 108 celestial string. Gandiva was indestructible and was worshiped by the celestials and the Gandharvas.

## Return to the gods

At the end of the Dvapara Yuga, Krishna departed the Earth and left for Vaikuntha. When Krishna was departing, he told Arjuna to rescue the people of Dwaraka because he was submerging Dwaraka under ocean. Arjuna temporarily could not string the bow, or remember the spells necessary in order to summon his celestial weapons when Dwaraka was drowning. Arjuna knew that his time on earth was up as well, Vyasa had told him this event will happen and when it happens, Arjuna's work on earth is over. Later, the Pandavas retired and journeyed to the Himalayas. On their route, Agni came and asked Arjuna to return the Gandiva to Varuna, for it belonged to the gods. Arjuna obliged and dropped them in the waters of the sea. Thus the celestial bow was returned to the gods.
# Constitution Hill, London

Constitution Hill is a road in the City of Westminster in London. It connects the western end of The Mall (just in front of Buckingham Palace) with Hyde Park Corner, and is bordered by Buckingham Palace Gardens to the south, and Green Park to the north. At the top of the rise in the roadway at the Corner is the Wellington Arch, near where the road is flanked by the Memorial Gates war monument.

## Name

The origin of the name is uncertain. Parliamentary records from 1642 show a reference to "a small redoubt and battery on Constitution Hill". One theory is that King Charles II and others had a habit of taking "constitutional" walks (a stroll to benefit health, a persons 'constitution') there. In Strype's Map, 1720, it is marked "Road to Kensington". (The roadway leads from the areas of St James's and Buckingham palaces to the area of Kensington Palace.) In John Smith's map of 1724, it is called "Constitution Hill".
An old lane on this route was widened in connection with the development of Buckingham Palace in the 1820s by John Nash. It formed a processional route from the palace to Hyde Park. It is now closed to traffic on Sundays and public holidays.

## History

One account has Charles' brother, James, Duke of York returning from a hunt on Hounslow Heath and stopping his coach along Constitution Hill to avoid hitting the king walking across the road. Upon wondering if Charles put himself in danger by walking out in front of a vehicle, the King replied, "No danger whatever, James, for I am sure that no man in England would take my life to make you king."
Constitution Hill was a popular spot for duels. On 11 January 1696, Sir Henry Colt, 1st Baronet was challenged to a duel by Robert "Beau" Fielding (future husband of Charles II's mistress Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland), near what is now the site of Bridgewater House. Fielding injured the Baronet, but was subsequently disarmed, ending the fight. In 1730, William Pulteney, 1st Earl of Bath duelled with John Hervey, 2nd Baron Hervey.
The area was the scene of three assassination attempts on Queen Victoria—in 1840 (by Edward Oxford), 1842 (by John Francis) and 1849 (by William Hamilton). In 1850, the former Conservative Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel was thrown from his horse on Constitution Hill by the gate into Green Park; he suffered a fatal injury and died three days later.
Wellington Arch at Hyde Park Corner sits at the end of the road by Apsley House. It was designed by Decimus Burton and completed in 1828. A major restoration project by English Heritage was undertaken between 1999 and 2001. In 2002, war memorial to over five million Commonwealth soldiers, including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Africa, Caribbean and Nepal, was constructed near the top of Constitution Hill, just before Hyde Park Corner; the memorial is known as the Memorial Gates. It was opened by Queen Elizabeth II on 6 November.
Large concrete lamp posts were installed in Constitution Hill in the 1960s. Thanks to the swift intervention of comedian and enthusiastic environmentalist Spike Milligan they were removed within days and the old gas lamps are still there.