OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Malaysian Technical University Network

Malaysian Technical University Network (MTUN) (Formerly known as Technical University College Network of Malaysia, TUCN) was introduced on Mac 2006. In February 2007, TUCN has changed to MTUN due to rebranding of four College University name to University.

## List of institutions

| Institution | State | Country |
| Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) | Johor | Malaysia |
| Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP) | Perlis | Malaysia |
| Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) | Melaka | Malaysia |
| Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA) | Pahang | Malaysia |
# Council of Europe Development Bank

The Council of Europe Development Bank (CEB, French: Banque de Développement du Conseil de l'Europe) is a multilateral development bank, granting loans to member states to help disaster victims, help with job creation, and improve social infrastructure. As of 2020, its assets stood at 28 billion euros, which it uses to co-finance projects by means of loans of up to 40% of the project cost.
Its origins go back to 1956 when the Council of Europe created its Resettlement Fund for National Refugees and Over-Population in Europe (French: Fonds de rétablissement du Conseil de l'Europe pour les réfugiés), which was renamed as the Council of Europe Social Development Fund (French: Fonds de développement social du Conseil de l'Europe) in 1994 and eventually as the CEB in 1999. Since 1956, the bank has been headquartered at 55, avenue Kléber in Paris. It is a separate legal entity from the Council of Europe and is autonomous in its decision-making. It has a high credit rating from Moody's, Standard and Poor's and Fitch Ratings.
CEB formally uses both the French and English languages. English largely replaced French as internal working language in the 2010s.

## History

The CEB dates from 1956, when the Council of Europe established the Resettlement Fund for National Refugees and Over-Population in Europe as a Partial Agreement. In 1994, it changed its name to the Council of Europe Social Development Fund, before becoming the Council of Europe Development Bank in 1999.
The original aim was to help refugees and other displaced persons after the Second World War. It later expanded its scope of activities to include assistance to disaster victims, help with job creation, and improve social infrastructure. Its aim today is to promote social cohesion in its member states.

## Membership

There are currently 43 member states, as follows:
* Albania
* Andorra
* Belgium
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Georgia
* Germany
* Greece
* Holy See
* Hungary
* Iceland
* Ireland
* Italy
* Kosovo
* Latvia
* Liechtenstein
* Lithuania
* Luxembourg
* North Macedonia
* Malta
* Moldova
* Montenegro
* Netherlands
* Norway
* Poland
* Portugal
* Romania
* San Marino
* Serbia
* Slovakia
* Slovenia
* Spain
* Sweden
* Switzerland
* Turkey
* Ukraine
Except for the Holy See and Kosovo, all member states are also members of the Council of Europe.

## Governors

* Raphael Alomar (1999-2011), previously head of the Council of Europe Resettlement Fund (1993-1994) and Social Development Fund (1994-1999)
* Rolf Wenzel (2011-2021)
* Carlo Monticelli (from 2021)
# Al-Risala (al-Shafi'i book)

    See Risala (disambiguation) for other books known as "Ar-Risala".
The Risāla by al-Shafi'i (d. 820), full title Kitab ar-Risāla fī Uṣūl al-Fiqh (Arabic: كتاب الرسالة في أصول الفقه, "The Book of the Treatise on the Principles of Jurisprudence"), is a seminal text on the principles of Islamic jurisprudence.
The word risāla in Arabic means a "message" or "letter". Shafi'i's treatise received its name owing to a traditional, though unverified, story that Shafi'i composed the work in response to a request from a leading traditionist in Basra, ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Mahdī; the story goes that Ibn Mahdī wanted Shafi'i to explain the legal significance of the Quran and the sunna, and the Risāla was Shafi'i's response.
In this work, al-Shafi'i is said to have outlined four sources of Islamic law, though this division based on four has been attributed to later commentators on the work rather than to Shafi'i himself.

## Contents

* Introduction
* On al-Bayān (Perspicuous Declaration)
* On Legal Knowledge
* On the Book of God
* On the Obligation of Man to Accept the Authority of the Prophet
* On the Abrogation of Divine Legislation
* On Duties
* On the Nature of God's Orders of Prohibition and the Prophet's Orders of Prohibition
* On Traditions
* On Single-Individual Traditions
* On Consensus (Ijmā‘)
* On Analogy (Qiyās)
* On Personal Reasoning (Ijtihād)
* On Juristic Preference (Istiḥsān)
* On Disagreement (Ikhtilaf)
The above list of contents follows Khadduri's translation. However, Khadduri rearranged the treatise in two places. Khadduri's chapters 8 and 3 (in that order) both follow Shafi'i's chapter on Traditions in the original. Khadduri rearranged those chapters because they did "not appear to fit into the logical order of the book." Therefore, if one wishes to read Khadduri's translation while following Shafi'i's original arrangement, one can read the chapters in the following order: 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 8, 3, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15.

## Sources of law in Al-Risāla

The primary sources of law attributed to Shafi'is book are the Qur'an and the prophetic tradition. Most Muslim commentators have also referred to Shafi'is sections on consensus and analogical reason as comprising legal sources.
On the question of consensus, Shafi'i obligated affirmation of all living Muslims - both the learned and the laymen - in order to declare a true consensus. Later followers of his school considered this to be practically impossible, and thus expanded upon the definition.

## Translations

An English translation of the Risāla by Joseph E. Lowry was published in 2013 by the Library of Arabic Literature, printed alongside an Arabic edition of the text in a facing-page translation, under the title The Epistle on Legal Theory.
# Erica Dambach

Erica Marie Dambach (née Walsh; born November 16, 1975) is an American college soccer coach. She is the head coach of Penn State Nittany Lions women's soccer. She led Penn State to the 2015 National Championship. She is a two-time NSCAA Coach of the Year, winning the award in 2012 and 2015.

## Coaching career

She was the head coach at Dartmouth from 2000 to 2002, resigning following the 2002 season in order to pursue educational opportunities. After serving as an assistant coach at Lehigh, she was hired as an assistant coach at Florida State in January 2005. She was hired as head coach at Harvard prior to the 2006 season. In February 2007, she then resigned at Harvard in order to take the Penn State head coaching position. She was named the NSCAA Coach of the Year in 2012 and 2015.
She led Penn State to a national championship in 2015.
She was an assistant coach for the United States women's national soccer team at the 2008 Summer Olympics.
She was an assistant coach for the United States women's national soccer team for the 2020 CONCACAF Women's Olympic Qualifying Championship.

## Personal life

She married Jason Dambach in January 2016.

## College head coaching record

Statistics overview :
| Season | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Postseason |
| Dartmouth Big Green (Ivy League) (2000–2002) ||||||
| 2000 | Dartmouth | 14–5–0 | 6–1–0 | T–1st | NCAA Round of 16 |
| 2001 | Dartmouth | 11–5–1 | 5–1–1 | T–1st | NCAA Round of 16 |
| 2002 | Dartmouth | 12–5–1 | 5–2–0 | 2nd | NCAA First Round |
| Dartmouth: | Dartmouth: | 37–15–2 (.704) | 16–4–1 (.786) | | |
| Harvard Crimson (Ivy League) (2006) ||||||
| 2006 | Harvard | 3–13–1 | 2–5–0 | 6th | |
| Harvard: | Harvard: | 3–13–1 (.206) | 2–5 (.286) | | |
| Penn State Nittany Lions (Big Ten) (2007–present) ||||||
| 2007 | Penn State | 18–4–2 | 9–1–0 | 1st | NCAA Round of 16 |
| 2008 | Penn State | 16–8–0 | 8–2–0 | T–1st | NCAA First Round |
| 2009 | Penn State | 13–6–2 | 8–1–1 | 1st | NCAA Second Round |
| 2010 | Penn State | 11–9–1 | 8–2–0 | T–1st | NCAA Second Round |
| 2011 | Penn State | 21–5–0 | 10–1–0 | 1st | NCAA Round of 16 |
| 2012 | Penn State | 21–4–2 | 10–0–1 | 1st | NCAA Runners-up |
| 2013 | Penn State | 15–7–1 | 7–4–0 | 3rd | NCAA Second Round |
| 2014 | Penn State | 20–4–0 | 12–1–0 | 1st | NCAA Quarterfinals |
| 2015 | Penn State | 22–3–2 | 8–2–1 | T–1st | NCAA Championship |
| 2016 | Penn State | 12–5–4 | 7–1–3 | T–1st | NCAA Second Round |
| 2017 | Penn State | 15–5–4 | 6–2–3 | T–4th | NCAA Quarterfinals |
| 2018 | Penn State | 18–6–1 | 9–2–0 | 1st | NCAA Quarterfinals |
| 2019 | Penn State | 17–7–1 | 8–3–0 | 4th | NCAA Round of 16 |
| Penn State: | Penn State: | 219–73–20 (.734) | 110–22–9 (.812) | | |
| Total: | Total: | 259–101–23 (.706) | | | |
| National champion   Postseason invitational champion   Conference regular season champion   Conference regular season and conference tournament champion  Division regular season champion  Division regular season and conference tournament champion  Conference tournament champion ||||||
# Sayyid Sadiq Ali Shihab Thangal

Panakkad Sayyid Sadiq Ali Shihab Thangal (Birth name:Habib Sadiq Ali Shihab bin Ali Al-Hussaini Ba Alavi) (Arabic: صادق علي شهاب بن علي الحسيني با علوي)(born 25 May 1964) is a sayyid (thangal) community leader and politician from Kerala, southern India. He currently serves as the Kerala State President, Indian Union Muslim League, Chancellor of Darul Huda Islamic University
Sadiq Ali Thangal is a member of the Pukkoya family of Panakkad (south Malabar). He is the son of P. M. S. A. Pukkoya Thangal and the younger brother of Mohammedali Thangal, Umerali Thangal and Hyderali Thangal. He is associated with Samastha Kerala Sunni Students Federation (S. K. S. S. F.) and Sunni Yuvajana Sangam (S. Y. S.), the student and youth wings of the E. K. faction of Samastha Kerala Jam'iyyat al-'Ulama', the principal Sunni-Shafi'i scholarly body in Kerala, and the Youth League, the youth wing of Indian Union Muslim League. He also served as the Malappuram District President, Indian Union Muslim League for over a decade. He later led the party de facto for a short span in the absence of his ailing brother Hyderali Thangal.
Sadiq Ali Thangal was chosen as the successor to Hyderali Thangal as the Kerala State President, Indian Union Muslim League in 2022. Sadiq Ali Thangal also serves as the Chairman, National Political Advisory Committee, Indian Union Muslim League. He is also Vice-President, Mounathul Islam Sabha, Ponnani, President, Noorul Huda Islamic College and Chairman, Islamic Centre, Kozhikode. He is also the member of the executive committee of the Samastha Matha Vidyabhyasa Board.
# NGC 4869

NGC 4869 is an elliptical galaxy located in the constellation of Coma Berenices. It is located 343 million light years from Earth. The galaxy was discovered by William Herschel in April 1785 but also observed by both John Herschel and Heinrich d'Arrest, in March 1827 and May 1863 respectively. It is a member of the Coma Cluster with a small companion galaxy at a position angle of 325°.

## Characteristics

NGC 4869 is classified as a radio galaxy with a faint radio core with two oppositely directed radio jets and a lengthy low-surface brightness tail. It has an estimated γ-ray luminosity of Lγ ≤ 4 x 10$^{39}$ erg s$^{−1}$ like NGC 4874. There is also an elongated absorption feature in the galaxy, possibly representing an edge on disk.
NGC 4869 contains a narrow angle tailed radio source. The source is found lying towards the central region of the Coma Cluster by 111 kpc. It shows a mean fractional polarization of 18% at 4.535 GHz and 21% at 8.465 GHz and a large-scale structure that is almost 200 kpc. A characteristic feature of the source, is a sharp bend towards a north direction at 3’5 from the host galaxy's position.
According to a Chandra X-ray image of NGC 4869, a straight collimated jet is seen flaring when traversing a surface brightness edge.

## Supermassive black hole

The supermassive black hole in NGC 4869 is estimated to be 1.32 x 10$^8$ M$_ʘ$ (10$^{8.12}$ M$_ʘ$) based on a study made by Jong-Hak Woo and Urry in 2002.
# Dane Evans (disambiguation)

Dane Evans may refer to:
* Dane Evans (musician), Vocalist for Australian deathcore band, To The Grave
* Dane Evans (footballer), American footballer
# Sándor Csató

Sándor Csató (born 1 July 1965) is a Hungarian football coach and a former midfielder.

## Managerial career

On 2 September 2020, he was appointed as the manager of the Nemzeti Bajnokság II club Győri ETO FC.
# Erin Yenney

Erin Michelle Yenney (born October 20, 1992) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a midfielder.

## Club career
### Chicago Red Stars, 2018

On March 25, 2018, Erin Yenney made her debut for Chicago Red Stars in a 1–1 draw against Houston Dash.

### Reign FC, 2019

Reign FC signed Yenney as a National Team Replacement player on June 14, 2019. She was subsequently released on July 15 without making an appearance for the club.

### Åland United, 2019–

Yenney signed with Finnish club Åland United in August 2019.
# Umber View Heights, Missouri

Umber View Heights is a village in Cedar County, Missouri, United States. The population was 41 at the 2020 census.
The name Umber is derived from one Mr. Umber, the proprietor of an early-20th-century country store.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.06 square miles (0.16 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics
### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 48 people, 25 households, and 16 families residing in the village. The population density was 800.0 inhabitants per square mile (308.9/km$^2$). There were 30 housing units at an average density of 500.0 per square mile (193.1/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 97.9% White and 2.1% from two or more races.
There were 25 households, of which 16.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.0% were married couples living together, 8.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.0% were non-families. 32.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.92 and the average family size was 2.38.
The median age in the village was 54 years. 14.6% of residents were under the age of 18; 0% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 14.6% were from 25 to 44; 39.6% were from 45 to 64; and 31.3% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 45.8% male and 54.2% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 52 people, 25 households, and 18 families residing in the village. The population density was 768.0 inhabitants per square mile (296.5/km$^2$). There were 29 housing units at an average density of 428.3 per square mile (165.4/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 98.08% White, 1.92% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.92% of the population.
There were 25 households, out of which 16.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.0% were married couples living together, and 28.0% were non-families. 24.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.08 and the average family size was 2.39.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 15.4% under the age of 18, 23.1% from 25 to 44, 25.0% from 45 to 64, and 36.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 54 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 109.5 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $36,563, and the median income for a family was $41,250. Males had a median income of $22,917 versus $24,375 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,050. There were 6.3% of families and 10.9% of the population living below the poverty line, including 20.0% of those under 18 and none of those over 64.
# East Douglas, Massachusetts

East Douglas is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Douglas in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 2,557 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

East Douglas is located at 42°4′31″N 71°42′49″W﻿ / ﻿42.07528°N 71.71361°W﻿ / 42.07528; -71.71361 (42.075272, -71.713636).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 9.1 km$^2$ (3.5 sq mi), of which 8.9 km$^2$ (3.4 sq mi) is land and 0.2 km$^2$ (0.077 sq mi) (2.56%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,319 people, 916 households, and 628 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 261.8 people /km$^2$ (678 people/sq mi). There were 936 housing units at an average density of 105.7 units /km$^2$ (274 units/sq mi). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.59% White, 0.43% African American, 0.43% Asian, 0.39% from other races, and 1.16% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.86% of the population.
There were 916 households, out of which 35.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.0% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.4% were non-families. 27.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.10.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 27.1% under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 37.0% from 25 to 44, 17.5% from 45 to 64, and 12.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $55,208, and the median income for a family was $58,517. Males had a median income of $41,116 versus $31,420 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $22,274. About 6.8% of families and 9.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.6% of those under age 18 and 26.0% of those age 65 or over.
# Raissa Laurel-Subijano

Ma. Antonia Raissa Dawn H. Laurel-Subijano (born April 22, 1987) is a Filipino lawyer and politician serving as a city councilor of San Juan since 2016.

## Bar exam bombing

Then a 23-year-old law student from San Sebastian College, Laurel-Subijano was waiting in Taft Avenue for her friends who finished the 2010 bar exam in the law school tradition of salubong when a grenade targeting members of a fraternity exploded next to her. Laurel-Subijano legs were mangled and was left in critical condition.
At the time, doctors estimated her chances of survival at only 20% and had to have both legs amputated below the knee.

## Political career

In 2016, Laurel-Subijano was elected as city councilor of San Juan, and re-elected again in 2019, and in 2022.
When she was in the city council, Laurel-Subijano was appointed in three committees as chairperson: Committee on Social Services, Women, Children, and Persons with Disabilities’ Welfare; Committee on Laws and Ethics; and Committee on Public Order, Safety, and Illegal Drugs. As a person with disability (PWD) herself, she pushed the rights of those disabled, and by 2017, the council approved an ordinance providing benefits and allotted funds for indigent PWDs.

## Personal life

After recovering from her injuries, Laurel-Subijano continued her law studies at Philippine Christian University and graduated in 2015. As a blast survivor, Laurel-Subijano has been invited to speaking engagements as a motivational speaker.
She is a distant relative of former President Jose P. Laurel.
# Veterans Guard of Canada

The Veterans Guard of Canada (initially Veterans Home Guard) was a citizen militia supporting the Canadian Army during the Second World War, tasked with defending mainland Canada. They were modelled after the British Home Guard.

## Background

With the outbreak of war in September 1939, Canada realized the need for a local defence force to guard against enemy attacks on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. Following the lead of the British Home Guard, Canada began recruiting veterans of the First World War who, although they were unfit for overseas service, were eager to serve their country.
The guard was composed of mainly World War I veterans who were unfit for active overseas service with the Canadian Army, often because they were considered too old under the rules of enlistment.
Rejected veterans, in particular the Royal Canadian Legion, appealed to the federal government, and on May 23, 1940, Minister of National Defence Norman McLeod Rogers declared "it had been decided to establish a force to be known as the Veteran’s Home Guard for the adequate protection of military property on the home front." Members would free younger men for overseas duty by replacing the Canadian Provost Corps (the military police of the Canadian Army) guarding facilities such as the 40 internment and prisoner-of-war camps operated across the country in the course of WWII.
The age requirement was “under 50” (later raised to 55, and the men, all volunteers, had to be First World War veterans that served in Canadian or British forces, fit and honourably discharged. On duty the men wore battle dress uniforms, were armed, and had the same service obligations and received the same pay ($1.30 a day) and allowances as other soldiers.
An estimated 25,000 veterans from across the country volunteered for the Guard by the end of 1940, though many were rejected for not meeting the age or fitness requirements.
At its peak strength in June 1943, the Guard was composed of 451 officers and 9,806 other ranks. More than 15,000 veterans served with 37 regular and three special-duty companies in the course of the war. Guard members fought one major armed engagement, the Battle of Bowmanville, suppressing a three-day riot at the PoW camp at Bowmanville on Lake Ontario that involved fighting between the vets and much younger German prisoners using fists, broom handles and hockey sticks when they objected to being shackled. There were numerous casualties on both sides, and one guard officer was captured and beaten.
The men were never intended for overseas duty, and most served only in Canada, but a few small detachments were sent abroad, to guard Canadian interests in London, Newfoundland, the Bahamas and British Guiana. Over a thousand of the men transferred to other units of the army, serving as specialists or instructors.
The Guard remained on active service until 1947. It had lost 336 men from illness or accidents during its existence.