OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Emirate of Bingöl

The Bingöl Emirate, also known as the Suveydi Emirate, was a Kurdish principality which ruled over the Bingöl region between 1231 and 1864.

## History

Kurdish historian Sharafkhan Bidlisi wrote a myth that the Emirs of Bingöl came from the Barmakid family and that they ruled Bingöl since the reign of the Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid.
In the 12th century, after the collapse of the Ayyubid Empire, the Emirate of Bingöl was established, then known under the name of Çapakçur. The Bingöl principality was a vassal to the Mongols, Aq Qoyunlu and Kara Koyunlu, respectively, but it preserved its existence in this turbulent period. After defeating the Azerbaijani-dominated Tabriz, it organized expeditions to eastern and southeastern Anatolia in 1508. The expeditions were directed towards Mosul, Mardin and Diyarbekir. Later the Safavids succeeded in capturing Capakçur, although they also aimed to take over the administrative center of Hançuk. This was prevented by troops of Emir Abdal Bey of Bingöl. The Emir died shortly after the war and his successor was not able to protect Hançuk, and after the Battle of Chaldiran in 1514, the Emirs of Bingöl were subject to the Ottoman Empire. After the death of Abdal Bey, the lands of the emirate were divided into regions as Genç and Bingöl, which came under the control of Palu Emirate in the early 17th century. The emirate was abolished by the Ottomans in 1864. The rulers of the principality were exiled to the city of Harput.

## Emirs of Bingöl

Information about the emirate of Bingöl is limited between the 13th and 15th centuries.
* Emir Shap, the first known leader of the emirate
* Abdal Bey (?–1510). His rule was the height of the emirate.
* Isfahan Bey (1510–1549). Bingöl became a part of the Ottoman Empire during Isfahan Bey's reign.
* Suleyman Bey II (1835–1864, when he was exiled to Harput by the Ottomans)
# Yuri Kivshar

Yuri S. Kivshar (born in Kharkiv, Ukrainian SSR, USSR), Australian Scientist of Ukrainian origin, distinguished professor, head of Nonlinear Physics Centre of The Australian National University (ANU) (Canberra, Australia) and research director of The International Research Centre for Nanophotonics and Metamaterials (St. Petersburg, Russia), Australian Federation Fellow.

## Education

Yuri Kivshar was born in Kharkov, USSR (now Kharkiv, Ukraine). He studied at Kharkiv Theoretical Physics School. In 1984 he received Doctor of Philosophy degree and in 1989 aged 30 he became the youngest research fellow of Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering.

## Career

Starting from 1991 he worked as a scientist in USA, Finland, Spain, Germany and in 1993 he was invited to the Optical Sciences Centre of Australia and later founded his own laboratory Nonlinear Physics Centre of ANU.
Starting from 2000 Yuri Kivshar worked in different fields of nonlinear optics and carried out research of solitons and metamaterials, nonlinear photonic crystal and composite materials theories.
He made fundamental impact into self-focusing effect, metamaterials, dielectric nanoantennas, topological insulators, optic signal processing and optic communications. He also discovered series of solitons and described their properties.
In 2010 Yuri Kivshar was invited to St. Petersburg, Russia in terms of government Megagrant program. He became a scientific leader of the International Research Centre for Nanophotonics and Metamaterials of the ITMO University (Saint-Petersburg, Russia).

## Publications

Professor Kivshar authored and co-authored more than 900 scientific papers. His h-index is 140. His work has generated over 38,000 citations.

## Awards

Throughout his career he has received awards, including the Stefanos Pnevmatikos International Award, in his continued contributions to nonlinear optics and electrodynamics. Professor Kivshar is also the recipient of the 2022 Max Born Award and is an Optica Fellow.

### Medals

| Year | Description | Contribution |
| 2020 | SPIE Mozi Award | "in recognition of his pioneering research in nonlinear metamaterials and meta-optics, and the demonstration of efficient metadevices and meta-lenses based on all-dielectric Mie-resonant nanophotonics" |
| 2014 | Harrie Massey Medal and Prize | For work in the field of nonlinear optics, metamaterials and metadevices |
| 2014 | Lebedev Medal | For outstanding achievements in advancing laser science and engineering, facilitating the exchange of information and popularization of laser science. |
| 2007 | Thomas Ranken Lyle Medal | Research in the field of nonlinear optics |
| 2005 | Walter Boas Medal | Research in physics |

## Books

* Braun, O.M.; Kivshar, Yu.S. (2013) [2004]. The Frenkel-Kontorova Model: Concepts, Methods, and Applications. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. ISBN 978-3662103319.
* Kivshar, Yu.S.; Agrawal, G.P. (2003). Optical Solitons: From Fibers to Photonic Crystals. Elsevier Science. ISBN 978-0080538099.
# 1963 Peruvian Primera División

The 1963 season of the Peruvian Primera División, the top category of Peruvian football, was played by 10 teams. The national champions were Alianza Lima.

## Teams
### Team changes

| Promoted from 1962 Segunda División | Relegated from 1962 Primera División |
| Mariscal Sucre (1st) | Atlético Chalaco (10th) |

### Stadia locations

| Team | City |
| Alianza Lima | La Victoria, Lima |
| Centro Iqueño | Cercado de Lima |
| Ciclista Lima | Cercado de Lima |
| Defensor Lima | Breña, Lima |
| Deportivo Municipal | Cercado de Lima |
| KDT Nacional | Callao |
| Mariscal Sucre | La Victoria, Lima |
| Sport Boys | Callao |
| Sporting Cristal | Rímac, Lima |
| Universitario | Breña, Lima |

## League table
### Standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| 1 | Alianza Lima | 18 | 11 | 6 | 1 | 49 | 15 | +34 | 28 | 1964 Copa Libertadores |
| 2 | Sporting Cristal | 18 | 11 | 3 | 4 | 34 | 19 | +15 | 25 | |
| 3 | Universitario | 18 | 9 | 5 | 4 | 38 | 20 | +18 | 23 | |
| 4 | Sport Boys | 18 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 30 | 19 | +11 | 20 | |
| 5 | Centro Iqueño | 18 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 25 | 27 | −2 | 18 | |
| 6 | Defensor Lima | 18 | 7 | 2 | 9 | 15 | 37 | −22 | 16 | |
| 7 | KDT Nacional | 18 | 6 | 2 | 10 | 14 | 27 | −13 | 14 | |
| 8 | Ciclista Lima | 18 | 5 | 3 | 10 | 16 | 27 | −11 | 13 | |
| 9 | Deportivo Municipal | 18 | 4 | 4 | 10 | 20 | 30 | −10 | 12 | |
| 10 | Mariscal Sucre | 18 | 5 | 1 | 12 | 21 | 41 | −20 | 11 | 1964 Segunda División |

### Results

Teams play each other once, either home or away. All matches were played in Lima and Callao.
| Home \ Away | ALI | IQU | CIC | DLI | MUN | KDT | MSU | SBA | CRI | UNI |
| Alianza Lima | | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Centro Iqueño | — | | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Ciclista Lima | — | — | | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Defensor Lima | — | — | — | | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Deportivo Municipal | — | — | — | — | | — | — | — | — | — |
| KDT Nacional | — | — | — | — | — | | — | — | — | — |
| Mariscal Sucre | — | — | — | — | — | — | | — | — | — |
| Sport Boys | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | | — | — |
| Sporting Cristal | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | | — |
| Universitario | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
# Hellmann Worldwide Logistics

Hellmann Worldwide Logistics SE & Co. KG is a German transport and logistics company headquartered in Osnabrück, Lower Saxony, with a global presence. It has been family-owned since its foundation in 1871. Hellmann is active in airfreight, seafreight, roadfreight, railfreight, and contract logistics.

## History

In 1871, Carl Heinrich Hellmann founded a sole proprietorship in Osnabrück that transported goods by horse-drawn vehicles. One of the first customers was the steel mill in Georgsmarienhütte. Carl's sons Heinrich and Friedrich continued the business under Gebr. Hellmann from 1906. They passed their shares to their children and grandchildren in the following decades.
The company was almost completely destroyed during World War II and rebuilt in 1945 in Reichsbahn barracks in Osnabrück. In 1949, the first branch was opened in Hamburg, and in 1953, the second branch was added in Bremen. Hellmann was thus present at the two most important German ports.
By 1961, Hellmann had replaced the last horse-drawn wagons with modern vehicles. In 1976 and 1989, the cousins Klaus and Jost Hellmann took over the legacy of their fathers.
In 1976, Hellmann played a leading role in the founding of Deutscher Paket-Dienst (DPD). It was the first private provider to compete with the Bundespost. At the same time Hellmann accelerated internationalization and opened a branch in Hong Kong in 1982. The company has also been present in the United States since 1988. Hellmann continuously drove internationalization forward and today has 243 offices in 57 countries.
Since 1999, the company has been operating under Hellmann Worldwide Logistics. In 2018, the Hellmann family withdrew from active management of the company and handed it over to external management.

## Business activities

The company operates as a limited partnership with limited liability (SE & Co. KG). The company's management board consists of four persons. In addition, the company has a Supervisory Board, which is chaired by Thomas Lieb. Jost and Klaus Hellmann, as key shareholders, continue to be involved in strategic directions.
The company is divided into four business units: airfreight, seafreight, road and rail (overland transport), and contract logistics.
The main region for land transport is Europe. The company is a partner of System Alliance Europe. In addition to direct services, there are daily lines for general cargo transport. Recently, rail transport has developed into a growth area for the company in Europe as well as to and from Asia being shifted to rail. It established a weekly rail connection between Germany and the People's Republic of China.

## Sustainability

Hellmann has signed the United Nations Global Compact. The company is a Sustainable Air Freight Alliance (SAFA) member. Partial seafreight shipments are carbon neutral as standard. Hellmann also supports ecological and social initiatives.
# Aplysinellidae

Aplysinellidae is a family of sponges belonging to the order Verongiida. The family was first described in 1980 by Patricia Bergquist.
Genera:
* Aplysinella Bergquist, 1980
* Patriciaplysina Van Soest & Hooper, 2020
* Porphyria Bergquist, 1995
* Suberea Bergquist, 1995
# Louis Butler (footballer)

Louis Butler (born 26 August 2001) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for the Western Bulldogs in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was recruited by the Western Bulldogs with the 53rd draft pick in the 2019 AFL draft.

## Early football

Butler played for, and captained his side at Brighton Grammar School. He also played for the Sandringham Dragons in the NAB League, and was selected to play for Vic Metro in the AFL Under 18 Championships.

## AFL career

Butler debuted in the 4th round of the 2020 AFL season, against the Sydney Swans. In his first game, he picked up 14 disposals.
He was delisted by the Western Bulldogs at the conclusion of the 2022 AFL season.

## Statistics

    Statistics are correct to the 2020 season
| Season | Team | No. | Games | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Totals | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) | Averages (per game) |
| Season | Team | No. | Games | G | B | K | H | D | M | T | G | B | K | H | D | M | T |
| 2020 | Western Bulldogs | 18 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 6 | 30 | 6 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 12.0 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 3.0 | 0.5 |
| Career | Career | Career | 2 | 0 | 1 | 24 | 6 | 30 | 6 | 1 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 12.0 | 3.0 | 15.0 | 3.0 | 0.5 |
# In Lust We Trust

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
In Lust We Trust is the second album by Swedish glam rock band the Ark, released on 26 August 2002. Four singles were released from the album: "Calleth You, Cometh I", "Father of a Son", "Tell Me This Night Is Over" and "Disease".

## Track listing

All songs written by Ola Salo, except where noted.
* "Beauty Is the Beast" – 3:38
* "Father of a Son" – 3:22
* "Tell Me This Night Is Over" – 5:15
* "Calleth You, Cometh I" (Ola Salo, Peter Kvint) – 4:32
* "A Virgin like You" – 4:31
* "Interlude" (Lars "Leari" Ljungberg) – 1:07
* "Tired of Being an Object?" – 2:43
* "Disease" – 3:16
* "Vendelay" – 3:22
* "2000 Light-Years of Darkness" – 7:02
* "The Most Radical Thing to Do" – 4:11
* The gap between the last two tracks contains a hidden instrumental, around a minute long string introduction to "The Most Radical Thing to Do"
* Backing vocals by: Helena Josefsson, Gladys Del Pilar, Paris Gilbert, Pelle Ankarberg and Sara Isaksson

## Personnel

The Ark are:
* Ola Salo – lead vocals, background vocals, piano, percussion, primary songwriting
* Martin Axén – rhythm guitar, backing vocals
* Mikael Jepson – lead guitar
* Leari Lars Ljungberg – bass, backing vocals
* Sylvester Schlegel – drums, backing vocals
# Sally Grace

Sally Grace (born 10 September 1951) is an English actress who has worked extensively on radio and television and in animation.

## Life and career

Grace was born in Harrogate, West Riding of Yorkshire, England, and trained at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama.
She was a member of the team on Week Ending, the BBC Radio 4 topical satirical sketch show, where she was the voice of Margaret Thatcher from 1983 onwards, remaining until the series ended in 1998.
Her work with Ken Bruce on Radio 2's What If Show led The Independent on Sunday to describe her as "the best impressionist in the business".
She voiced the part of Elena in BBC Radio 4's adaptions of Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency and The Long Dark Tea-Time of the Soul. Her animation roles include the voices of pompous Owl, loud Weasel, and demure but strong-willed Charmer in the popular TV series The Animals of Farthing Wood. She lent her voice to the series Noah's Island, Mr. Bean: The Animated Series, Dennis the Menace, Pongwiffy, Rudi and Trudi, Space Island One, Never the Twain, Solo, The Big One, Aaagh! It's the Mr. Hell Show!, Badly Dubbed Porn, Bedtime, Doubletake and Spaced and the animated short Bob's Birthday.
Other TV credits include Why Didn't They Ask Evans?, Sorry! ("Does Your Mother Know You're Out?"), Raffles ("The First Step"), The Ruth Rendell Mysteries ("From Doon With Death"), and Oh, Doctor Beeching! ("Past Love"); she also featured in some episodes of Coronation Street. Later acting roles were as the Queen in Alistair McGowan's sketches about the royal family, and as Betty Marsden in a touring stage adaptation of Round the Horne. Her film credits include Ghost Story (1974) and Boston Kickout (1995).
# Sinner

A sinner refers to a person who commits a sin.
Sinner or The Sinner may also refer to:

## People

* Carl Ahasver von Sinner (1754–1821), Swiss architect
* George A. Sinner (1928–2018), American politician, 29th Governor of North Dakota
* George B. Sinner, American politician
* Jannik Sinner (born 2001), Italian tennis player
* Martin Sinner (born 1968), German tennis player
* Mat Sinner (born 1964), German musician

## Arts and entertainment
### Film and TV

* The Sinner (1928 film), a German silent drama film
* The Sinner (1940 film), an Italian drama film
* The Sinner (1951 film), a German drama film
* The Sinner (1975 film), an Italian drama film
* Sinner, a 1972 Spanish film directed by Jesús Franco, aka Intimate Diary of a Nymphomaniac
* La ragazza dalla pelle di luna, also known as The Sinner, a 1973 Italian film
* Sinner (film), a 2007 film starring Nick Chinlund and Georgina Cates
* The Sinner (TV series), an anthology series based on the novel of the same name by Petra Hammesfahr

### Literature

* Sinner (Dekker novel), a 2008 fantasy book by Ted Dekker
* Sinner (Douglass novel), a 1997 fantasy novel by Sara Douglass
* Sinner (Rulli book), a 2011 religious book by Lino Rulli
* The Sinner (novel), a 2003 novel by Tess Gerritsen
* The Sinner, a 2003 novel by Madeline Hunter

### Music

* Sinner (band), a German heavy metal band
* "Sinner" (Judas Priest song), 1977
* Sinner (Drowning Pool album), 2001
* "Sinner" (Drowning Pool song), 2002
* "Sinner" (Neil Finn song), 1998
* Sinner (Joan Jett album), 2006
* "Sinner" (Andy Grammer song), 2014
* Sinner (Aaron Lewis album), 2016
* "Sinner" (The Last Dinner Party song), 2023

### Video games

* Sinner: Sacrifice for Redemption, a 2018 action game

## Other uses

* SS-16 Sinner, the NATO reporting name for the RT-21 Temp 2S intercontinental ballistic missile
# Meadowridge Common

Meadowridge Common is an 8-hectare (20-acre) reserve in the Meadowridge suburb of Cape Town, South Africa, which preserves a fragment of critically endangered Cape Flats Sand Fynbos vegetation.
The preserve contains over a hundred plant species, including 4 that are endangered. The endangered Cape Rain Frog (Breviceps gibbosus) is one of the many small animals that have been seen here. In spring, the park becomes very colourful as the indigenous fynbos bursts into flower.
This small reserve is managed by the City of Cape Town, but faces considerable challenges. Not least of which are invasive alien plants such as Pine trees and Kikuyu grass. The reserve’s small size and isolation from other natural areas also make species extinction a much greater risk.
# Ovaripada metro station

Ovaripada is the elevated northern terminal metro station on the North-South corridor of the Red Line 7 of Mumbai Metro. This station is located in an elevated position on Western Express Highway in North Mumbai. This metro station was inaugurated on 2 April 2022 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

## Station layout

| G | Street Level | Exit/Entrance |
| L1 | Mezzanine | Fare control, station agent, Metro Card vending machines, crossover |
| L2 | Side platform | Doors will open on the left | Side platform | Doors will open on the left |
| L2 | Platform 2 Northbound | Towards → Andheri West next station is Dahisar East Metro Station |
| L2 | Platform 1 Southbound | Towards ← Gundavali next station is Rashtriya Udyaan |
| Side platform | Doors will open on the left | |
| L2 | | |

### Power and signaling system

Like all other stations and railways of Mumbai metro, Ovari Pada station also uses 25,000 volt AC power system by overhead catenary to operate the trains.

## Entry/Exits

Being on the side of WEH it has only 1 extry/exit. People wanting to go to nearby places like
* OvariPada
* Nancy Colony
* Ashok Van
* Dahisar Station (Western Line)
Can get down at this Metro Station. There is no public parking around this station, but auto-rickshaws & BEST Buses are available for commute.
# Siteler, Marmaris

Siteler is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Marmaris, Muğla Province, Turkey. Its population was 2,909 in 2019.
# Akurli metro station

Akurli is an elevated metro station on the North-South corridor of the Red Line 7 of Mumbai Metro in Mumbai, India. This metro station was inaugurated on 2 April 2022 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

## Station layout

| G | Street Level | Exit/Entrance |
| L1 | Mezzanine | Fare control, station agent, Metro Card vending machines, crossover |
| L2 | Side platform | Doors will open on the left | Side platform | Doors will open on the left |
| L2 | Platform 2 Northbound | Towards → Ovari Pada next station is Poisar |
| L2 | Platform 1 Southbound | Towards ← Gundavali next station is Kurar |
| Side platform | Doors will open on the left | |
| L2 | | |

### Power and signaling system

Like all other stations and railways of Mumbai metro, Akurli station also uses 25,000 volt AC power system by overhead catenary to operate the trains.
# Naqduz Rural District

Naqduz Rural District (Persian: دهستان نقدوز) is in Fandoqlu District of Ahar County, East Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Naqduz, whose population at the time of the 2016 National Census was 459 in 140 households.
Other villages in the rural district include Allu, Balli Qeshlaq, and Sari Suli.

## History

In 2018, Qeshlaq Rural District was separated from the Central District in the formation of Fandoqlu District, and Naqduz Rural District was created in the new district.
# Wayne Phipps

Wayne Phipps (born 25 June 1973) is an Australian Paralympic judoka. He competed at the 2020 Summer Paralympics.

## Personal

Phipps was born on 25 June 1973 in South Africa. He moved to Australia in 2010. In 2015, he was diagnosed with an eye condition.

## Judo

He started judo at the age of eight. In his teenage years, he won national titles and in his twenties represented South Africa at world championships. After his diagnosis, his coach Carlo Knoester at the Kano Judo Schools in Perth told him about Paralympic judo.
He is judo classification is B3. Phipps competed for the first time in Para-judo at the World Championships in Portugal in 2018. At the 2021 IBSA Visually Impaired Judo in Warwick, he finished sixth in -66 kg class.
Australia had not been represented in Paralympic judo since the Beijing 2008 Paralympics. At the Tokyo 2020 Paralympics Phipps qualified in the men’s half-lightweight category Men's 66 kg. He lost to Munkhbat Aajim of Mongolia in the preliminary round.
# Francis Ferris

Sir Francis Mursell Ferris, TD (19 August 1932 – 26 March 2018) was a British High Court Judge.
Francis Ferris was the son of Francis William Ferris and Elsie Lilian May Ferris (née Mursell). He educated at Bryanston School and Oriel College, Oxford. He was a High Court Judge (Chancery Division) from 1990 to 2003 and was a Queen's Counsel. He was appointed as an Honorary Fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, in 2000.
Ferris was an amateur rower and the only person to be successively Captain (1957), Chairman (1971–1986), and President (1992–2007) of the Marlow Rowing Club at Marlow, Buckinghamshire on the River Thames. He became a member of the Marlow Regatta's Committee in 1963, the Management Committee in 1999, and was elected as a Vice President in 2004.
Francis Ferris married Sheila Elizabeth Hester Falloon Bedford in 1957 and had four children. He was knighted in 1990.
Coat of arms of Francis Ferris :
* MottoMy Deed Shall Match Thy Deed
# Angel Bolques Jr.

Angel L. Bolques Jr. is an American politician serving as a senator in the Legislature of the Virgin Islands. He was appointed in July 2022 to fill a vacancy in the 34th Legislature of the Virgin Islands and was later elected to continue serving in the 35th Legislature of the Virgin Islands, 36th Legislature of the Virgin Islands.<.

## Early life and education

Bolques was born and raised in the United States Virgin Islands. He has studied business administration with a focus on management.

## Career

Before entering politics, Bolques worked in education and public administration, focusing on economic development and community outreach initiatives. He was also involved with nonprofit organizations advocating for youth empowerment and economic opportunities in the Virgin Islands.
In July 2022, Bolques was appointed to the 34th Legislature of the Virgin Islands to fill a vacancy left by Senator Stephen Payne. Following his appointment, he ran for election and secured a seat in the 35th Legislature of the Virgin Islands and the 36th Legislature of the Virgin Islands.<.

## Legislative work and policy focus

As a senator, Bolques has prioritized economic development, education, and infrastructure improvements in the Virgin Islands. His legislative work includes initiatives to support small businesses, job creation, and renewable energy programs.

## Personal life

Bolques remains active in community organizations and continues to advocate for sustainable development in the Virgin Islands.