# Foreign relations of Oman

"none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]]
When Sultan Qaboos bin Said Al Said assumed power in 1970, Oman had limited contacts with the outside world, including neighbouring Arab states. A special treaty relationship permitted the United Kingdom close involvement in Oman's civil and military affairs. Ties with the United Kingdom remained very close throughout Sultan Qaboos' reign, along with strong ties to the United States.
The Sultanate of Oman is the oldest independent state in the Arab World. It is bordered by Saudi Arabia on the western side, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in the northwest and Yemen in the southwest. Oman has two enclaves (Madha and the Musandam peninsula) within the land borders of the UAE. Oman also has maritime borders with Iran and Pakistan. The Arabian Sea lies to Oman's southeast and the Gulf of Oman to the northeast. Although partially under Portuguese occupation during the 16th to mid-17th century, Oman had its own empire in East Africa from the early 18th to the mid-19th century. Oman has a population of 4.2 million (2018). Foreign expatriates are estimated to make up to 45 per cent of the population. Administratively, Oman is divided into six regions. Its national day, 18 November, is the birthday of the former Sultan, HM Qaboos bin Said Al-Said. Oman's capital is Muscat on the northern coast.

## Political overview

Since 1969, Oman has pursued a moderate foreign policy and expanded its diplomatic relations dramatically. It supported the 1979 Camp David accords and was one of three Arab League states, along with Somalia and Sudan, which did not break relations with Egypt after the signing of the Egypt–Israel peace treaty in 1979. During the Persian Gulf crisis, Oman assisted the United Nations coalition effort. Oman has developed close ties to its neighbours; it joined the six-member Gulf Cooperation Council when it was established in 1980.
Oman has traditionally supported Middle East peace initiatives, as it did those in 1983. In April 1994, Oman hosted the plenary meeting of the Water Working Group of the peace process, the first Persian Gulf state to do so.
During the Cold War period, Oman avoided relations with communist countries because of the communist support for the insurgency in Dhofar. In recent years, Oman has undertaken diplomatic initiatives in the Central Asian republics, particularly in Kazakhstan, where it is involved in a joint oil pipeline project. In addition, Oman maintains good relations with Iran, its north-eastern neighbor across the Gulf of Oman, and the two countries regularly exchange delegations. Oman is an active member in international and regional organizations, notably the Arab League and the Gulf Cooperation Council. Its foreign policy is overseen by its Foreign Ministry.
In 2023, Oman established foreign relations with the Holy See, with a signing ceremony taking place at the headquarters of the Sultanate's Permanent Mission to the UN in New York City.

## International disputes

The northern boundary with the United Arab Emirates has not been bilaterally defined; the northern section in the Musandam Peninsula is an administrative boundary.

## Diplomatic relations

List of countries which Oman maintains diplomatic relations with:
Date :
| 1 | United Kingdom | 2 May 1971 |
| 2 | India | 25 July 1971 |
| 3 | Iran | 26 August 1971 |
| 4 | Pakistan | 15 October 1971 |
| 5 | Saudi Arabia | 14 December 1971 |
| 6 | Tunisia | December 1971 |
| 7 | Kuwait | 1 January 1972 |
| 8 | Netherlands | 1 January 1972 |
| 9 | France | 5 January 1972 |
| 10 | Italy | 26 January 1972 |
| 11 | United States | 17 April 1972 |
| 12 | Japan | 8 May 1972 |
| 13 | Germany | 16 May 1972 |
| 14 | Jordan | 11 June 1972 |
| 15 | Bahrain | 13 June 1972 |
| 16 | Qatar | 27 June 1972 |
| 17 | Spain | 10 November 1972 |
| 18 | Egypt | 27 November 1972 |
| 19 | Lebanon | 2 January 1973 |
| 20 | Morocco | 10 March 1973 |
| 21 | Finland | 1 April 1973 |
| 22 | United Arab Emirates | 1 April 1973 |
| 23 | Turkey | 18 June 1973 |
| 24 | Switzerland | 12 September 1973 |
| 25 | Greece | 1 October 1973 |
| 26 | Austria | 19 December 1973 |
| 27 | Canada | 2 February 1974 |
| 28 | Sweden | 15 March 1974 |
| 29 | South Korea | 28 March 1974 |
| 30 | Romania | 1 May 1974 |
| 31 | Serbia | 4 May 1974 |
| 32 | Yemen | 12 May 1974 |
| 33 | Belgium | 22 May 1974 |
| 34 | Argentina | 18 June 1974 |
| 35 | Brazil | 3 July 1974 |
| 36 | Malta | 4 November 1974 |
| 37 | Bangladesh | 18 December 1974 |
| 38 | Burundi | 28 February 1975 |
| 39 | Mexico | 31 July 1975 |
| 40 | Senegal | 25 December 1975 |
| 41 | Iraq | 7 January 1976 |
| 42 | Chile | 23 February 1976 |
| 43 | Kenya | 4 March 1976 |
| 44 | Nepal | 21 January 1977 |
| 45 | Sudan | 17 March 1977 |
| 46 | Djibouti | 16 November 1977 |
| 47 | Indonesia | 5 December 1977 |
| 48 | Mauritania | 1977 |
| 49 | China | 25 May 1978 |
| 50 | Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1978 |
| 51 | Cyprus | 1978 |
| 52 | Mali | 2 March 1979 |
| 53 | Denmark | 9 July 1979 |
| 54 | Portugal | 26 October 1979 |
| 55 | Gambia | 4 February 1980 |
| 56 | Norway | 15 April 1980 |
| 57 | Thailand | 30 July 1980 |
| 58 | Niger | 3 September 1980 |
| 59 | Luxembourg | 15 September 1980 |
| 60 | Philippines | 6 October 1980 |
| 61 | Somalia | 1980 |
| 62 | Comoros | 9 January 1981 |
| 63 | Tanzania | 9 January 1981 |
| 64 | Nigeria | 18 January 1981 |
| 65 | Australia | 8 February 1981 |
| 66 | Sri Lanka | 17 February 1981 |
| 67 | Guinea | 17 February 1981 |
| 68 | Maldives | 20 February 1981 |
| 69 | Gabon | 30 March 1981 |
| 70 | Burkina Faso | 5 October 1981 |
| 71 | Malaysia | 15 January 1982 |
| 72 | Zambia | 1 June 1982 |
| 73 | Zimbabwe | 15 June 1982 |
| 74 | Ecuador | 9 July 1982 |
| 75 | Sierra Leone | 10 December 1982 |
| 76 | Seychelles | 13 April 1983 |
| 77 | Brunei | 24 March 1984 |
| 78 | Saint Lucia | 28 March 1984 |
| 79 | Algeria | May 1984 |
| 80 | Singapore | 21 February 1985 |
| 81 | Colombia | 25 July 1985 |
| 82 | New Zealand | 5 September 1985 |
| 83 | Russia | 26 September 1985 |
| 84 | Peru | 14 May 1986 |
| 85 | Jamaica | 27 May 1986 |
| 86 | Venezuela | 29 September 1986 |
| 87 | Bolivia | 16 December 1986 |
| 88 | Uruguay | 6 April 1987 |
| 89 | Ireland | 8 July 1987 |
| 90 | Syria | 19 December 1987 |
| 91 | Uganda | 1987 |
| 92 | Chad | 21 January 1989 |
| 93 | Ghana | 1 March 1989 |
| — | State of Palestine | 23 January 1989 |
| 94 | Poland | 24 January 1990 |
| 95 | Bulgaria | 17 June 1990 |
| 96 | Hungary | 19 June 1990 |
| 97 | Ivory Coast | 28 January 1991 |
| 98 | Mauritius | 31 January 1991 |
| 99 | Nicaragua | 26 September 1991 |
| 100 | Iceland | 26 February 1992 |
| 101 | Uzbekistan | 22 April 1992 |
| 102 | Mongolia | 27 April 1992 |
| 103 | Kazakhstan | 27 April 1992 |
| 104 | Kyrgyzstan | 18 May 1992 |
| 105 | Ukraine | 19 May 1992 |
| 106 | North Korea | 20 May 1992 |
| 107 | Turkmenistan | 29 May 1992 |
| 108 | Vietnam | 9 June 1992 |
| 109 | Moldova | 25 June 1992 |
| 110 | Armenia | 7 July 1992 |
| 111 | Azerbaijan | 13 July 1992 |
| 112 | Belarus | 23 July 1992 |
| 113 | Guinea-Bissau | 5 August 1992 |
| 114 | Lithuania | 22 September 1992 |
| 115 | Estonia | 23 September 1992 |
| 116 | Albania | 7 December 1992 |
| 117 | Latvia | 5 February 1993 |
| 118 | Czech Republic | 1 March 1993 |
| 119 | Slovakia | 3 March 1993 |
| 120 | Mozambique | 4 May 1993 |
| 121 | Guatemala | 13 October 1993 |
| 122 | Panama | 25 February 1994 |
| 123 | Eritrea | 30 April 1994 |
| 124 | Cuba | 23 May 1994 |
| 125 | Ethiopia | 7 February 1995 |
| 126 | South Africa | 4 October 1995 |
| 127 | Slovenia | 13 December 1995 |
| 128 | North Macedonia | 28 December 1995 |
| 129 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 3 January 1996 |
| 130 | Guyana | 17 January 1996 |
| 131 | Croatia | 30 June 1997 |
| 132 | São Tomé and Príncipe | 15 September 1997 |
| 133 | Rwanda | March 1998 |
| 134 | Cameroon | 30 November 1998 |
| 135 | Suriname | 13 July 1999 |
| 136 | Laos | 9 March 2005 |
| 137 | Afghanistan | 25 March 2005 |
| 138 | Paraguay | 15 November 2005 |
| 139 | Angola | 12 December 2005 |
| 140 | Belize | 3 March 2006 |
| 141 | Cape Verde | 22 May 2006 |
| 142 | Antigua and Barbuda | 5 October 2006 |
| 143 | Montenegro | 11 April 2007 |
| 144 | Tajikistan | 15 November 2007 |
| 145 | Costa Rica | 19 December 2007 |
| 146 | Andorra | 10 March 2008 |
| 147 | El Salvador | 14 April 2008 |
| 148 | Georgia | 16 April 2008 |
| 149 | Cambodia | 16 November 2009 |
| 150 | Dominican Republic | 17 March 2010 |
| 151 | Fiji | 12 July 2010 |
| 152 | Myanmar | 14 December 2010 |
| — | Kosovo | 4 February 2011 |
| 153 | Monaco | 20 February 2013 |
| 154 | Bhutan | 15 March 2013 |
| 155 | Eswatini | 18 March 2013 |
| 156 | South Sudan | 11 June 2013 |
| 157 | Madagascar | 29 June 2016 |
| 158 | Malawi | 7 December 2016 |
| 159 | Togo | 5 June 2017 |
| 160 | Namibia | 27 February 2018 |
| 161 | Benin | 16 November 2018 |
| 162 | San Marino | 26 November 2018 |
| 163 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 1 April 2019 |
| 164 | Timor-Leste | 30 March 2022 |
| 165 | Bahamas | 10 January 2023 |
| — | Holy See | 23 February 2023 |
| 166 | Trinidad and Tobago | 27 March 2023 |
| 167 | Solomon Islands | 19 September 2023 |
| 168 | Vanuatu | 18 November 2023 |
| 169 | Liechtenstein | 4 March 2024 |
| 170 | Tonga | 14 March 2024 |
| 171 | Equatorial Guinea | 1 April 2024 |
| 172 | Kiribati | 2 July 2024 |
| 173 | Libya | Unknown |

## Bilateral relations

| Country | Formal Relations Began | Notes |
| Albania | 7 December 1992 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 December 1992 |
| Andorra | 10 March 2008 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 March 2008 |
| Angola | 12 December 2005 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 December 2005 |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 5 October 2006 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 October 2006 |
| Argentina | 18 June 1974 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 June 1974 |
| Armenia | 7 July 1992 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 July 1992. Oman has an honorary consulate in Yerevan. |
| Austria | 19 December 1973 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 December 1973 |
| Azerbaijan | 13 July 1992 | The Sultanate of Oman recognized the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan from the Soviet Union on 30 December 1991. Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 July 1992 |
| Bahamas | 10 January 2023 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 January 2023 |
| Bangladesh | 18 December 1974 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 December 1974 |
| Belarus | 23 July 1992 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 July 1992 |
| Belgium | 22 May 1974 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 May 1974 when first Ambassador of Belgium to Oman, Guy Copette, presented his credentials to Sultan Qabous |
| Belize | 3 March 2006 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 March 2006 |
| Benin | 16 November 2018 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 November 2018 |
| Bhutan | 15 March 2013 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 March 2013 |
| Bolivia | 16 December 1986 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 December 1986 |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 3 January 1996 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 January 1996 |
| Brazil | 3 July 1974 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 July 1974 Brazil has an embassy in Muscat. Oman has an embassy in Brasília. |
| Brunei | 24 March 1984 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 March 1984 See Brunei–Oman relations Brunei has an embassy in Muscat, and Oman has an embassy in Bandar Seri Begawan. Relations have been established since 24 March 1984. Both countries are former protectorates of European powers (the British for Brunei and first the Portuguese and later the British for Oman), and both are now governed by an Islamic absolute monarchy. |
| Burkina Faso | 5 October 1981 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 October 1981 |
| Burundi | 3 March 1975 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 March 1975 |
| Cabo Verde | 22 May 2006 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 May 2006 |
| Cambodia | 16 November 2009 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 November 2009 |
| Cameroon | 30 November 1998 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 November 1998 |
| Canada | 2 February 1974 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 February 1974 In September 2016, Oman played an important role in securing the release of Homa Hoodfar, an Iranian-Canadian citizen and professor at Concordia University. She had been held prisoner in Iran's Evin Prison since 6 June 2016. This happened soon after a secretive meeting between Canada's prime minister, Justin Trudeau, and Oman's Minister Responsible for Foreign Affairs, Yusuf bin Alawi bin Abdullah. |
| Chad | 1 December 1973 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 December 1973 |
| Chile | 23 February 1976 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 February 1976 |
| China | 25 May 1978 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 May 1978 China has an embassy in Muscat. Oman has an embassy in Beijing. In June 2020, Oman was one of 53 countries that backed the Hong Kong national security law at the United Nations. |
| Colombia | 25 July 1985 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 July 1985 |
| Comoros | 9 January 1981 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 January 1981 |
| Costa Rica | 19 December 2007 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 December 2007 |
| Cote d'Ivoire | 28 January 1991 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 January 1991 |
| Croatia | 30 June 1997 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 June 1997 |
| Cuba | 23 May 1994 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 May 1994 |
| Dominican Republic | 17 March 2010 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 March 2010 |
| Egypt | 27 November 1972 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 November 1972 Oman was the only Arab state besides Sudan under Jaafar Nimeiry to maintain good relations with Anwar al Sadat after Egypt recognized Israel. An NGO which launched a probe into foreign funding of organizations in Egypt found that Oman, along with the United Arab Emirates, donated $14.1 million to the Mohamed Alaa Mubarak institute, which was named after Hosni Mubarak's grandson. |
| El Salvador | 14 April 2008 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 April 2008 |
| Eritrea | 30 April 1994 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 April 1994 |
| Estonia | 23 September 1992 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 September 1992 |
| Eswatini | 18 September 2013 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 September 2013 |
| Ethiopia | 7 February 1995 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 February 1995 |
| Fiji | 12 July 2010 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 July 2010 |
| Finland | 1 April 1973 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 April 1973 |
| France | 5 January 1972 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 January 1972 France has an embassy in Muscat. Oman has an embassy in Paris. |
| Gabon | 30 March 1981 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 March 1981 |
| Georgia | 16 April 2008 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 April 2008 |
| Germany | 16 May 1972 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 May 1972 See Germany–Oman relations Germany has an embassy in Muscat. Oman has an embassy in Berlin. |
| Ghana | 8 March 1989 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 March 1989 |
| Greece | 1 October 1973 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 October 1973 |
| Guatemala | 13 October 1993 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 October 1993 |
| Guyana | 17 January 1996 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 January 1996 |
| Hungary | 20 June 1990 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 June 1990 |
| Iceland | 26 February 1992 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 February 1992 |
| India | 25 July 1971 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 July 1971, when Level of Indian representation raised to Embassy See India-Oman relations India has an embassy in Muscat, Oman. The Indian consulate was opened in Muscat in February 1955, and five years later it was upgraded to a consulate general and later developed into a full-fledged embassy in 1971. The first ambassador of India arrived in Muscat in 1973. Oman established its embassy in New Delhi in 1972 and a consulate general in Mumbai in 1976. India has been considering the construction of a 1,100-km-long underwater gas pipeline from Oman for transporting natural gas. Called the South Asia Gas Enterprise (SAGE), it will act as an alternative to the Iran–Pakistan–India pipeline. The proposed sub-sea pipeline will meet the additional gas requirement of the UAE, Oman, and India, besides easing gas transportation issues of producing countries like Turkmenistan, Iran and Qatar. The project has been slow in materialising although it was first mooted in 1985. $5.6 bn Oman-India energy pipeline plans progressing: Fox Petroleum Group envisions a roughly five-year timeframe for the execution of the pipeline project. Ajay Kumar, the chairman and managing director of Fox Petroleum, based in New Delhi, which is an associate company of Fox Petroleum FZC in the UAE, said that Mr Modi had "fired the best weapon of economic development and growth". "He has given a red carpet for global players to invest in India," Mr Kumar added. "It will boost all sectors of industry – especially for small-scale manufacturing units and heavy industries too. Ajay Kumar, chairman and managing director of Fox Petroleum, said, “In the last few years, deepsea gas pipeline technology has matured. Since India has serious security concerns with regard to pipeline projects over land, a deepsea pipeline is probably the most promising option. This 1,600-kilometer OIMPP project intends to transport 8 trillion cubic feet of natural gas to India over a period of 20 years. The pipeline is planned to be about 1,300 kilometers long in Phase I, and 300 kilometers more to connect Mumbai, laid at a depth of 3,400 meters below the seabed. It will connect the Middle East Compression Station near Oman with the receiving terminal near Gujarat.” A week prior to the Iran-P5+1 Framework Agreement, Fox Petroleum issued a proposal for the construction of the Oman-India Multi-Purpose Pipeline (OIMPP), a deep water pipeline system to transport Iranian natural gas via Oman to a receiving terminal on the coast of India's Gujarat state. Costing an estimated $5.6 billion, the 1,600 km pipeline would transport 8 trillion cubic meters over a 20-year period. Citing recent advances in deep-sea pipeline technology, Fox Petroleum's chairman asserted that gas imports to India via OIMPP would be less expensive than India's LNG imports by $1.5–2 per million BTU. The same pipeline system could also be used to transport natural gas from Qatar to India, thereby creating a nexus of Persian Gulf natural gas suppliers oriented toward supplying the world's fast growing major economy. And, as Modi intimated in Ashgabat the potential would even exist for Turkmenistan to export its gas to India across Iran and via the undersea pipeline. Source: |
| Indonesia | 1 January 1978 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 January 1978 |
| Iran | 26 August 1971 | See Iran–Oman relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 August 1971 |
| Italy | 26 January 1972 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 January 1972 |
| Jamaica | 27 May 1986 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 May 1986 |
| Japan | 8 May 1972 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 May 1972 |
| Kazakhstan | 27 April 1992 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1992 |
| Kenya | 4 March 1976 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 March 1976 See Kenya–Oman relations Kenya has an embassy in Muscat. Oman has an embassy in Nairobi. |
| Laos | 9 March 2005 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 March 2005 |
| Latvia | 5 February 1993 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 February 1993 |
| Lebanon | 2 January 1973 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 January 1973 |
| Lithuania | 22 September 1992 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 September 1992 |
| Luxembourg | 15 September 1980 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 September 1980 |
| Madagascar | 29 June 2016 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 June 2016 |
| Malawi | 7 December 2016 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 December 2016 |
| Malaysia | 15 January 1982 | See Malaysia–Oman relations Malaysia and Oman established diplomatic relations on 15 January 1982. Since that, bilateral trade between Malaysia and Oman stood at nearly RM500 million during January–October 2010, with Malaysia's main exports to Oman being edible oil, machinery, appliances and parts, wood products, electrical and electronic products. |
| Maldives | 20 February 1981 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 February 1981 |
| Mexico | 31 July 1975 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 July 1975 See Mexico–Oman relations Mexico is accredited to Oman from its embassy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and maintains an honorary consulate in Muscat. Oman is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States and maintains an honorary consulate in Mexico City. |
| Moldova | 25 June 1992 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 June 1992 |
| Monaco | 20 February 2013 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 February 2013 |
| Mongolia | 27 April 1992 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 April 1992 |
| Montenegro | 11 April 2007 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 April 2007 |
| Morocco | 10 March 1973 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 March 1973 |
| Mozambique | 4 May 1993 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 May 1993 |
| Myanmar | 14 December 2010 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 December 2010 |
| Namibia | 27 February 2018 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 February 2018 |
| Nepal | 21 January 1977 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 January 1977 |
| New Zealand | 5 September 1985 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 September 1985 |
| Nicaragua | 26 September 1991 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 1991 |
| Niger | 3 September 1980 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 September 1980 |
| Nigeria | 8 January 1981 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 January 1981 |
| North Macedonia | 28 December 1995 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 December 1995 |
| Norway | 15 April 1980 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 April 1980 |
| Pakistan | 15 October 1971 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 October 1971, when Pakistani Consulate-General in Muscat upgraded to Embassy See Oman–Pakistan relations The relationship between Islamabad and Muscat is warm, because it is the nearest Arab country to Pakistan and the fact that some 30% of Omanis are of Balochi origin from Pakistan's Balochistan province, having settled in Oman over a hundred years ago. In 1958 Gwadar was part of Oman but was transferred to Pakistan in that year. |
| Panama | 25 February 1994 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 February 1994 |
| Paraguay | 15 November 2005 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 November 2005 |
| Peru | 14 May 1986 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 May 1986 |
| Philippines | 6 October 1980 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 October 1980 |
| Poland | 24 January 1990 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 January 1990 |
| Portugal | 26 October 1979 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 October 1979 |
| Qatar | 27 June 1972 | See Oman–Qatar relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 June 1972 Oman has an embassy in Doha. Qatar has an embassy in Muscat. |
| Romania | 1 May 1974 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 May 1974 |
| Russia | 26 September 1985 | See Oman–Russia relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 1985 Oman has an embassy Moscow. Russia has an embassy in Muscat. |
| Saint Lucia | 28 March 1984 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 March 1984 |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 1 April 2019 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 April 2019 |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 15 September 1997 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 September 1997 |
| Saudi Arabia | 14 December 1971 | See Oman–Saudi Arabia relations Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 December 1971 Oman has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate in Jeddah. Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Muscat. |
| Senegal | 25 December 1975 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 December 1975 |
| Serbia | 4 May 1974 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 May 1974 |
| Seychelles | 13 April 1983 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 April 1983 |
| Sierra Leone | 10 December 1982 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 December 1982 |
| Singapore | 21 February 1985 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 February 1985 |
| Slovakia | 3 March 1993 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 March 1993 |
| Slovenia | 13 December 1995 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 December 1995 |
| Solomon Islands | 19 September 2023 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 September 2023 |
| South Africa | 4 October 1995 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 October 1995 |
| South Korea | 28 March 1974 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 March 1974 The Republic of Korea-Oman Agreement on the mutual waiver of visa requirements for holders of diplomatic, official, special and service passports came into effect on 11 April 2015. The agreement allowed citizens of the two countries with valid diplomatic, official, special, or service passports to stay in each other's territories without visa for up to 90 days. The agreement was made to help promote inter-governmental and people-to-people exchanges as well as substantive cooperation between the two countries. |
| South Sudan | 11 June 2013 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 June 2013 |
| Spain | 10 November 1972 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 November 1972 See Oman–Spain relations Oman has an embassy in Madrid. Spain has an embassy in Muscat. |
| Sri Lanka | 17 February 1981 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 February 1981 |
| Suriname | 13 July 1999 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 July 1999 |
| Sweden | 15 March 1974 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 March 1974 |
| Switzerland | 12 September 1973 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 September 1973 |
| Tajikistan | 15 November 2007 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 November 2007 |
| Tanzania | 9 January 1981 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 January 1981 Oman has an embassy in Dar es Salaam and a consulate-general in Zanzibar City. Tanzania has an embassy in Muscat. |
| Thailand | 30 July 1980 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 July 1980 |
| Timor-Leste | 30 March 2022 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 March 2022 |
| Togo | 5 June 2017 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 June 2017 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 27 March 2023 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 March 2023 |
| Turkey | 18 June 1973 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 June 1973 |
| Turkmenistan | 29 May 1992 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 May 1992 |
| Ukraine | 19 May 1992 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 May 1992 |
| United Arab Emirates | 1 April 1973 | See Oman–United Arab Emirates relations Both countries established full diplomatic relations on 1 April 1973 In December 2010, Oman discovered a spy network operated by the United Arab Emirates which collected information on Oman's military and government. They were reportedly interested in who would replace Qaboos as his heir and about Oman's relations with Iran. Kuwait mediated in the dispute. |
| United Kingdom | 28 June 1971 | See Oman–United Kingdom relations Oman established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 21 May 1971. Oman maintains an embassy in London. The United Kingdom is accredited to Oman through its embassy in Muscat. The UK governed Oman from 1891 until 1951, when Oman achieved full independence. Both countries share common membership of the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Comprehensive Agreement, a Double Taxation Agreement, an Investment Agreement, and a Mutual Defence Agreement. |
| United States | 17 April 1972 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 April 1972 See Oman–United States relations In 1974 and April 1983, Sultan Qaboos of Oman made state visits to the United States. Vice President George H. Bush visited Oman in 1984 and 1986, and President Bill Clinton visited briefly in March 2000. Vice President Dick Cheney visited Oman in 2002, 2005, 2006, and 2008. In March 2005, the U.S. and Oman launched negotiations on a Free Trade Agreement that were successfully concluded in October 2005. The FTA was signed on 19 January 2006, and is pending implementation. Oman has an embassy in Washington, D.C. United States has an embassy in Muscat. |
| Uzbekistan | 22 April 1992 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 April 1992 |
| Vanuatu | 18 November 2023 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 November 2023 |
| Vietnam | 9 June 1992 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 June 1992 |
| Zambia | 2 June 1982 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 June 1982 |
| Zimbabwe | 15 June 1982 | Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 June 1982 |

## No Relations

Oman does not have diplomatic relations with the following:
* Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
* Barbados
* Botswana
* Central African Republic
* Congo-Brazzaville
* Dominica
* Grenada
* Haiti
* Honduras
* Israel (Informal contacts: See Israel–Oman relations)
* Kiribati
* Liberia
* Marshall Islands
* Micronesia
* Nauru
* Palau
* Papua New Guinea
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Samoa