# Everett, Massachusetts

Everett is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, directly north of Boston, bordering the neighborhood of Charlestown. The population was 49,075 at the time of the 2020 United States census.
Everett was the last city in the United States to have a bicameral legislature, which was composed of a seven-member Board of Aldermen and an eighteen-member Common Council. On November 8, 2011, the voters approved a new City Charter that changed the City Council to a unicameral body with eleven members – six ward councilors and five councilors-at-large. The new City Council was elected during the 2013 City Election.

## History

Everett was originally part of Charlestown, and later Malden. It separated from Malden in 1870. The community was named after Edward Everett, who served as U.S. Representative, U.S. Senator, the 15th Governor of Massachusetts, Minister to Great Britain, and United States Secretary of State. He also served as President of Harvard University.
In 1892, Everett was upgraded from a town to a city. On December 13, 1892, Alonzo H. Evans defeated George E. Smith to become Everett's first mayor. Landfill has expanded the Everett shoreline over the centuries. At some point between 1905 and 1912, it connected the mainland to what was formerly White Island in the Mystic River. The bridge of the Grand Junction Railroad was originally built using this island for part of the crossing.
In 1919, Beacon Oil began construction of an oil refinery and storage yard near the Mystic River, opening in 1920. In its first decade, the facility experienced five major explosions or fires. In 1929, Beacon Oil was purchased by Standard Oil of New Jersey, also known as Esso and now known as ExxonMobil. The refinery shut down in 1965 due to lack of profitability, but the tank storage remained.
In 1971, Distrigas of Massachusetts began importing liquefied natural gas (LNG) at its Everett Marine Terminal in the Island End section of Everett. This terminal was the first of its kind in the country. It was purchased by GDF Suez North America, and as of 2013, supplied 20% of New England's natural gas demand from its two tanks with a combined capacity of 3,400,000,000 cu ft (96,000,000 m$^3$), equal to approximately one day of Massachusetts gas demand. In 2019, it was purchased by Constellation Energy, at the time a subsidiary of Exelon. As of 2023, it receives 99% of LNG imports into the United States, mostly from Algeria and Trinidad. LNG is trucked to other storage sites around the state or heated to gas form and transferred by pipeline.
On September 16, 2014, the Massachusetts Gaming Commission voted to approve Wynn Resorts' proposal for a $1.6 billion casino to be located on a 33-acre site on the Mystic River in Everett. The casino, named Encore Boston Harbor, opened on June 23, 2019. After a remediation process to clean the site, Wynn Resorts constructed Encore Boston as an integrated resort with a hotel, a harborwalk, restaurants, a casino, spa, retail outlets, and meeting and convention space. Public amenities along the year-round harborwalk include a picnic park, paths for bikers and pedestrians, viewing decks, waterfront dining and retail, a performance lawn, floral displays, and boat docks. Wynn Resorts described the $2.6 billion development as "the largest private single-phase construction project in the history of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts."
Most of the remaining land south of the Newburyport/Rockport Line and Massachusetts Route 99 in Everett is taken up by a tank farm and oil terminal on the Mystic River. In December 2023, the Conservation Law Foundation announced it had settled a federal pollution lawsuit with Exxon. The company sold the site for cleanup and redevelopment starting with raising the land to avoid climate change-related flooding and adding apartment buildings near Route 16. Exxon also agreed to a deed restriction which prevents the land from ever being used for fossil fuel storage in the future.
Everett has an increasing population as people are seeking new households near downtown Boston while not wanting to pay the higher prices of living now associated with surrounding municipalities, such as those in neighborhoods of Boston, Cambridge, or Somerville.

## Geography

Everett is bordered by Malden on the north, Revere on the east, Chelsea on the southeast, Somerville and Medford on the west, and Boston and the Mystic River on the south at Charlestown. Island End River flows through the city, though it was contained in a culvert and invisible to residents until being partly unearthed in 2021. Everett is a major part of the Port of Boston.
Some of Everett's neighborhoods are Glendale, Woodlawn, the Village, and the Line. Glendale Park is the city's largest park.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.7 square miles (9.6 km$^2$), of which 3.4 square miles (8.8 km$^2$) is land and 0.3 square miles (0.78 km$^2$) (7.63%) is water.

## Climate

In a typical year, Everett, Massachusetts temperatures fall below 50 °F (10 °C) for 195 days per year. Annual precipitation is typically 44.2 inches per year (high in the US) and snow covers the ground 52 days per year, or 14.2% of the year (high in the US). It may be helpful to understand the yearly precipitation by imagining nine straight days of moderate rain per year. The humidity is below 60% for approximately 25.4 days, or 7% of the year.

## Demographics

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 49,075 people, 15,435 households, and 9,554 families residing in the city. The population density was 11,241.1 inhabitants per square mile (4,340.2/km$^2$). There were 15,908 housing units at an average density of 4,701.3 per square mile (1,815.2/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 53.6% Non-Hispanic Whites, 14.3% African American, 4.8% Asian, 0.4% Pacific Islander, 2% from other races, and 3.8% were multiracial. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 21.1% of the population (9.3% Salvadoran, 3.0% Puerto Rican, 1.1% Colombian, 1.1% Dominican, 1.0% Guatemalan, 0.8% Mexican). The city also has a large number of people of Brazilian and Italian descent. In 2010, 33% of the residents of Everett were born outside the United States. This percentage was around 11% in 1990.
There were 15,435 households, out of which 27.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 41.8% were married couples living together, 15.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.1% were non-families. 31.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 3.11.
The population was spread out, with 21.6% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 34.8% from 25 to 44, 19.9% from 45 to 64, and 14.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 91 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.4 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $49,737. The median income for a family is $49,876. Males had a median income of $36,047 versus $30,764 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,876. About 9.2% of families and 11.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.9% of those under age 18 and 10.0% of those age 65 or over.

## Government
### Local

Everett has a mayor-council form of government, where the mayor serves a four-year term. The Everett city council was the last existing bicameral legislature in any American city, consisting of a Board of Aldermen and a Common Council. As of November 8, 2011, it became a unicameral City Council.

#### Board of Aldermen

The Board of Aldermen consisted of seven members one from each of the city's six wards and one Alderman-at-Large. All Aldermen were elected citywide for a term of two years.
In addition to the duties they shared with the Common Council, the Board of Aldermen was the licensing authority in the city and approved licenses for motor dealers, second-hand dealers, awnings, lodging houses, junk dealers, pool tables, open-air parking lots, coin-operated devices, Lord's Day licenses, antique and precious metal dealers.

#### Common Council

The Common Council consisted of three members elected per ward for a total of eighteen members. The Common Council shared equal responsibility for most legislative actions with the exception of licensing and confirmation of most Mayoral appointees.

### State

Everett is represented in the state legislature by officials elected from the following districts:
* Massachusetts Senate's Middlesex and Suffolk district
* Massachusetts House of Representatives' 28th Middlesex district

### Voter party enrollment

Voter registration and party enrollment as of October 26, 2024 :
| Party | Party | Number of Voters | Percentage |
| | Democratic | 7,957 | 33.53% |
| | Republican | 1,160 | 4.89% |
| | Unaffiliated | 14,396 | 60.66% |
| | Libertarian | 54 | 0.23% |
| Total | Total | 23,733 | 100% |

## Education

Everett has ten public schools, which include elementary schools, K–8 schools, and Everett High School. The city also has one Private K–8 school and had a private Catholic high school, Pope John XXIII High School, which was forced, due to financial difficulties, to close on May 31, 2019. Everett High School moved to its new location at 100 Elm Street beginning in the 2007–2008 school year.

## Landmarks

Part of the historic Revere Beach Parkway, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, lies in Everett.

## Economy

The Mystic Generating Station has been producing electricity since the early twentieth century. It was built by Boston Edison and is now operated by Exelon. It has the largest capacity of any electrical plant in the state.
The Leavitt Corporation has been manufacturing its trademark Teddie Peanut Butter in the city since 1924.
Besides Everett Square, Gateway Center just off Route 16 in Everett is a major retail shopping district with big box stores.

## Transportation

Everett's business district is focused on Broadway (part of Route 99), with many businesses and restaurants along the route. The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) operates public buses through the city, which includes several routes that converge at a hub at Everett Square. A bus lane exists on Broadway, from Glendale Square (Ferry Street), to Sweetser Circle. MBTA also operates a subway system that includes Wellington (on the Orange Line), which lies just west of the Everett city limits in nearby Medford, and a commuter rail system with a stop in Chelsea to the southeast. Route 16 traverses the southern area of the city, providing access to U.S. Route 1 and Interstate 93. Both highways run just outside of the city limits and provide connections to Boston.

## Notable people

See also Category:People from Everett, Massachusetts
* Belden Bly, member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
* Pat Bradley, Arkansas basketball player and sports commentator
* Matthew W. Bullock, Everett High School sports star, Dartmouth and Harvard Law School graduate, pioneering football coach, state government appointed service and national leader in the Urban League and the Bahá'í Faith
* Vannevar Bush, engineer and head of the United States Office of Scientific Research and Development
* George Russell Callender, military official and author
* Walter Tenney Carleton, founding director of the NEC Corporation
* Walter Carrington, US Ambassador to Nigeria & Senegal
* Benjamin Castleman, pathologist and namesake of Castleman's disease
* Lewis Cine, football player for the Minnesota Vikings
* Patricia Courtney, All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player
* Arthur Dearborn, Olympic track and field athlete
* Johnny Dell Isola, former National Football League player
* Louis DeLuca, member of the Connecticut Senate
* Omar Easy, NFL football player
* Maddy English, All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player
* Diamond Ferri, CFL & NFL player
* Hub Hart, MLB catcher
* Pat Hughes, NFL player
* Brian Kelly, LSU head football coach
* John P. Kennedy, Member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
* George Keverian, Speaker of the Massachusetts House of Representatives
* Torbert Macdonald, member of the United States House of Representatives
* Hermon Atkins MacNeil, sculptor
* Mary Eliza Mahoney, first African American to study and work as a professionally trained nurse in the United States (not from Everett but is buried there)
* A. David Mazzone, judge and attorney
* George J. Mead, aircraft engineer
* Gertrude Nason, artist
* Nerlens Noel, Oklahoma City Thunder center
* Andrew "Swede" Oberlander, College Football Hall of Famer
* Al Pierotti, football, baseball, pro wrestling
* Ellen Pompeo, actress
* Dan Ross, NFL player
* Danny Silva, MLB player, Boston Celtics assistant coach, WWI and WWII veteran, longtime Everett teacher and coach
* Paul L. Smith, actor
* E. Leroy Sweetser, U.S. Army brigadier general, resided in Everett
* Jim Tozzi, member of the PFFR art collective responsible for Adult Swim shows like Wonder Showzen, Xavier: Renegade Angel, and The Shivering Truth
* Joseph Frank Wehner, fighter pilot during World War I

## In popular culture

* Everett was home to the set of the 2012 ABC series Boston's Finest.
* The 2007 Ben Affleck film Gone Baby Gone was partially filmed and set in Everett.
* The old Everett High School was used for the filming of scenes for the Adam Sandler movie That's My Boy, the Kevin James movie Here Comes the Boom, and most recently Ghostbusters (2016 film) starring Melissa McCarthy, Kristen Wiig, Kate McKinnon, and Leslie Jones.