OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sanborn Township, Michigan

Sanborn Township is a civil township of Alpena County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,084 at the 2020 census.

## Communities

* Ossineke is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in the township on Lake Huron at the mouth of the Devils River. The census-designated place includes an area north of the community along the Lake Huron shore and south of the community along U.S. Route 23. Despite having the same name as the community, Ossineke Township is adjacent to Sanborn Township to the west.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 49.72 square miles (128.77 km$^2$), of which 43.78 square miles (113.39 km$^2$) is land and 5.94 square miles (15.38 km$^2$) (11.95%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,152 people, 838 households, and 619 families residing in the township. The population density was 49.1 inhabitants per square mile (19.0/km$^2$). There were 979 housing units at an average density of 22.3 per square mile (8.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 98.23% White, 0.23% African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.14% Asian, 0.09% from other races, and 1.07% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.56% of the population.
There were 838 households, out of which 32.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.3% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.1% were non-families. 22.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 2.96.
In the township the population was spread out, with 24.8% under the age of 18, 7.1% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 26.3% from 45 to 64, and 15.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 100.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.1 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $35,000, and the median income for a family was $43,333. Males had a median income of $35,068 versus $20,980 for females. The per capita income for the township was $16,867. About 11.1% of families and 14.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.9% of those under age 18 and 14.6% of those age 65 or over.
# Spend analysis

Spend analysis or spend analytics is the process of collecting, cleansing, classifying and analyzing expenditure data with the purpose of decreasing procurement costs, improving efficiency, and monitoring controls and compliance. It can also be leveraged in other areas of business such as inventory management, contract management, complex sourcing, supplier management, budgeting, planning, and product development.

## Overview

Spend analysis is often viewed as part of a larger domain known as spend management which incorporates spend analysis, commodity management, industry spend benchmarking, and strategic sourcing. Companies perform a spend analysis for several reasons. The core business driver for most organizations is profitability. In addition to improving compliance and reducing cycle times, performing detailed spend analysis helps companies find new areas of savings that previously went untapped, and hold on to past areas of savings that they have already negotiated.
There are three core areas of spend analysis - visibility, analysis, and process. By leveraging all three, companies can generate answers to the crucial questions affecting their spending, including:
* What am I really spending?
* With whom am I spending it?
* Am I getting what was promised for that spend?
Spend visibility helps chief procurement officers (CPOs), category managers (retail and wholesale) and senior financial officers to gain insight into what their company buys and from whom, and it helps them realize savings promised by past sourcing efforts. It plays an important role in enabling procurement teams to plan and prioritise their work and is a useful tool for a new-in-post procurement leader aiming to make a positive impact on an organisations costs.

## Spend cube analysis

A spend cube is a review of spend data presented as a three-dimensional cube. The contents in the cube are the price and volume of items purchased. Dimensions of the cube usually reviewed include:
* Comparative spend with different suppliers or vendors.
* Stakeholders or cost centers buying the category.
* Categories of a commodity purchased by the organization.

## Software

Automated spend analysis software can be a valuable tool for chief procurement officers (CPOs) at large, global, diversified enterprises, and a useful tool for many others.
# Gules

In heraldry, gules (/ˈɡjuːlz/) is the tincture with the colour red. It is one of the class of five dark tinctures called "colours", the others being azure (blue), sable (black), vert (green) and purpure (purple).
Gules is portrayed in heraldic hatching by vertical lines, or indicated by the abbreviation g. or gu. when a coat of arms is tricked.

## Etymology

The term gules derives from the Middle English goules, which itself is an Old French word meaning "neckpiece made of red fur". Goules is derived from the Old French gole or guele, both of which mean "throat", which are ultimately derived from the Latin gula, also meaning "throat". Gules is similar to the English word gullet. A. C. Fox-Davies states that the term originates from the Persian word گل gol, meaning "rose", but according to Brault there is no evidence to support this derivation.
The modern French spelling of the tincture is gueules. Both gules and rojo are used for red in Spanish heraldry. In Portugal, red is known as vermelho, and in Germany the colour is called rot. In Dutch heraldry, the tincture is called keel.

## Poetic meanings

The different tinctures are traditionally associated with particular heavenly bodies, precious stones, virtues, and flowers, although these associations have been mostly disregarded by serious heraldists. Gules is associated with:
* Of jewels, the ruby
* Of heavenly bodies, Mars
* Of virtues, Courage

## Examples

Gules is the most widely used heraldic tincture. Through the sixteenth century, nearly half of all noble coats of arms in Poland had a field gules with one or more argent charges on them.
Examples of coats of arms consisting of purely a red shield (blazoned gules plain) include those of the d'Albret family, the Rossi family, the Swiss canton of Schwyz (prior to 1815), and the old coats of arms of the cities of Nîmes and Montpellier.
* The Plantagenet coat of arms, gules three lions passants guardants or, origin of the Royal Arms of England
* Coat of arms of the House of Savoy, gules a cross argent
* The Royal Arms of Scotland Or a lion rampant Gules within a double tressure flory-counter-flory of the second
* Coat of arms of Schwyz (stained glass, 1573), gules plain; the Juliusbanner with the Arma Christi inset is held by one of the supporters.
* The Austrian Bindenschild, gules a fess argent, originally the Babenberg coat of arms. Below the Bindenschild is a small coat of arms of the city of Vienna, gules a cross argent
* Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Poland, Gules, an eagle argent, crowned or
* Coat of arms of French Maison d'Albret. Gueules plain by contemporary heraldic artist Dario Scaricamazza.
# Virgin Limited Edition

Virgin Limited Edition is a hotel company in the British multinational Virgin Group of companies. It has eight properties in Europe, Africa and the Caribbean.

## Locations

In 2025 the properties held by the company were:
* Necker Island,. in the British Virgin Islands
* Moskito Island, also in the British Virgin Islands
* Kasbah Tamadot, in Asni, Morocco
* Mahali Mzuri, a safari camp in the Maasai Mara, in Kenya
* Ulusaba - a luxury safari lodge & private game reserve in the Sabi Sand, near the Kruger National Park (Mpumalanga, South Africa)
* Mont Rochelle, in Franschhoek, in South Africa
* The Lodge, a mountain chalet inVerbier, in Switzerland
* Son Bunyola, in the Serra de Tramuntana of Mallorca, in the Spanish Balearic Islands.
# Aventurine SA

Aventurine SA (Greek: ΑΒΕΝΤΟΥΡΙΝ ΑΕ, romanized: AVENTOURIN AE) is a Greek independent video game developer and publisher founded in 2003, located in Athens, Greece. They are the developers of Darkfall, a massively multiplayer online role-playing game, also known as Darkfall Online.

## History

In July 2000 Claus Grovdal, Kjetil Helland and Ricki Sickenger founded Razorwax AS in Oslo, Norway for the purpose of making online games. Soon they were joined by Erik Sperling Johansen and Henning Ludvigsen and in August 2001, they announced the development of Darkfall.
In 2002 the group relocated to join Zad El Mehdawi, Tasos Flambouras and Spiros Iordanis and found Aventurine SA in Athens, Greece, in order to continue developing Darkfall.

## Titles
### Darkfall

Darkfall Online is sandbox MMORPG released on February 25, 2009 and was published in North America and Europe. Darkfall Online's servers shut down on November 15, 2012.
In the summer of 2008 it signed a deal with the Greek media and entertainment group, Audiovisual Enterprises, for the Darkfall distribution rights in Europe.

### Darkfall Unholy Wars

Darkfall Unholy Wars is the sequel of Darkfall and was released on April 16, 2013 and discontinued in May, 2016.
In June 2012 Aventurine signed a deal with MGame Corporation, a Korean game publisher and developer, to release the new version of Darkfall to the Asian market.

## Technology

Aventurine's core technology consists of their independently created, real-time 3D engine.
# George Cannon (publisher)

George Cannon (1789–1854) was an English solicitor, radical activist and publisher and pornographer who also used the pseudonyms Erasmus Perkins and Philosemus.
Around 1812 he became associated with freethinking discussion groups in London and in 1815 he edited, as "Erasmus Perkins", a radical periodical Theological Inquirer; or Polemical Magazine, with which Percy Bysshe Shelley was associated, and in which "Perkins" published extracts from Queen Mab: his relationship with Shelley was somewhat hostile. Cannon contributed to the Political Register of William Benbow and was also a friend of Daniel Isaac Eaton. He acted as lawyer for the anti-slavery campaigner Robert Wedderburn and may have drafted some of his polemics.
In 1822 he was publishing obscene anti-establishment parodies and satires; by 1830 his publications were sheer pornography and he was prosecuted numerous times: in 1830 he was convicted of obscene libel for publishing a French-language edition of de Sade's Juliette. His pornographic publications specialised in flagellation with such titles as The Birchen Bouquet, Exhibition of Female Flagellants and, as "Philosemus", Venus School-Mistress. He promoted the exhibition of the Berkley Horse by the Royal Society of Arts in 1837 after it was bequeathed to them by inventor Theresa Berkley.
Cannon died in 1854 and his widow continued his publishing business.
# Ben Salfield

Benjamin Dieter Salfield (born 11 December 1971) is an English lutenist, guitarist, composer, teacher, promoter and politician.

## Early life

Ben Salfield was born in Barton-under-Needwood, Staffordshire, UK. His father, a German Jewish refugee, was children's psychiatrist Dr. Derek "Dieter" Salfield (1915-2006).
Salfield's family settled in Cornwall, UK, when he was 9 years old, and he has lived there ever since. He began playing lute at 13 with Ian Thomson at Truro Guitar Studios. When his teacher moved away, he was mainly self-taught. His concert début was in December 1988, and shortly after he performed for the Lute Society at the Artworkers Guild, Queens Square, London. His first international recital was at the Meschede Abteikonzerte, Cologne, Germany, in 1993, and his first full international tour – in the Czech Republic – took place three years later.

## Lutenist

Salfield has performed as a soloist, as an accompanist, and in ensemble with Horsemen of the Apocalypse. In August 2015 he gave four concert performances in the UK with his new duo partnership featuring Italian classical guitarist Andrea Dieci, and that November appeared in a series of concerts with him in Poland. BMG Magazine described the duo as "two of the world's finest musicians in their respective fields". Ben Salfield has been a Hannabach Strings artist since 2015.

## Music Editions

In 2013, following his first music edition with Poland's 'Modran', Ben Salfield began producing editions of lute music for the English publishers, Peacock Press; he later signed a deal with Denmark's 'Bergmann Edition', for whom he now produces music for lute but with transcriptions for classical guitar.

## Additional Information

In January 2020, he began writing as a "political commentator and antisemitism campaigner" for The Times of Israel.
In November 2020, the Conservative Party announced that Salfield would stand as a candidate in the 2021 local elections in the Cornwall Council ward of Lanner, Stithians & Gwennap, in which he failed to beat the incumbent. In May 2022, Ben Salfield was elected Chairman of the Camborne Branch Conservatives.
# Saint Peter's and Saint John's Anglican Church

Saint Peter's and Saint John's Anglican Church is an historic building in Baddeck, Nova Scotia. The church is one of only four remaining churches designed by Reverend Simon Gibbons, Canada's first Inuk priest. Built in 1883, the church is the second of six churches built by Gibbons in Nova Scotia.
It is believed that Gibbons first came into contact with the Cambridge Camden Society while building Saint Peter's and Saint John's Anglican Church. St. Peter's and St. John's was designated a Provincially Registered Property under the Heritage Property Act in 1990 due to its connection to Gibbons and because it best exemplifies the style of the Cambridge Camden society which advocated a return to simple Medieval styles. Typical of neo-Gothic architecture, the wooden church features buttresses, pointed arch windows, and a round-headed window on the east elevation.
The church has been deconsecrated.
# Wellington Township, Michigan

Wellington Township is a civil township of Alpena County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the township population was 250.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 53.39 square miles (138.28 km$^2$), of which 53.22 square miles (137.84 km$^2$) is land and 0.17 square miles (0.44 km$^2$) (0.32%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 296 people, 111 households, and 81 families residing in the township. The population density was 5.5 per square mile (2.1/km$^2$). There were 214 housing units at an average density of 4.0 per square mile (1.5/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 97.97% White, 0.34% African American, 0.68% Native American, and 1.01% from two or more races.
There were 111 households, out of which 27.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.7% were married couples living together, 4.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.0% were non-families. 26.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.14.
In the township the population was spread out, with 24.7% under the age of 18, 6.8% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 26.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.9 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $28,393, and the median income for a family was $34,063. Males had a median income of $39,583 versus $17,143 for females. The per capita income for the township was $13,513. About 10.1% of families and 12.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.3% of those under the age of eighteen and none of those 65 or over.
# Stick Fly

Stick Fly is a 2006 play written by Lydia Diamond. It opened on Broadway on December 8, 2011, and closed on February 26, 2012.

## Synopsis

The show takes place at the LeVay Home, in Edgartown, as it is a point of contention where the family resides. The family was the first black family on the island, and the show deals with race, class, and gender politics.

## Productions

The play was premiered in March 2006 by the Congo Square Theatre Company in Chicago, directed by Chuck Smith. It was performed from March 26 to 14 June 14, 2009 by The Matrix Theatre Company in Los Angeles, and from February 19 to March 21, 2010, by the Huntington Theatre Company at the Boston Centre for the Arts, directed by Kenny Leon.
This production transferred to Broadway at the Cort Theatre on December 8, 2011, directed by Kenny Leon, assistant director Kamilah Forbes, set design David Gallo, costume design Reggie Ray, lighting design Beverly Emmons, sound design Peter Fitzgerald, hair design Gregory Bazemore, and incidental music by Alicia Keys. The cast included Rosie Benton (Kimber), Dulé Hill (Spoon "Kent" LeVay), Mekhi Phifer (Flip "Harold" LeVay), Condola Rashād (Cheryl), Ruben Santiago-Hudson (Joe LeVay), and Tracie Thoms (Taylor). Understudies included Jerome Preston Bates (Joe), Don Guillory (Spoon/Flip), Gretchen Hall (Kimber), and Zakiya Young (Cheryl, Taylor).
It was subsequently performed from October 24 to December 22, 2013, by Arden Theatre Company (Philadelphia), directed by Walter Dallas, across June and July 2015 at Windy City Playhouse, Chicago, directed by Chuck Smith (again), and from February 5 to March 15, 2020, at Writers Theatre, Glencoe, Illinois, directed by Ron OJ Parson. It was streamed online as a live reading from the actors' homes on August 1, 2020, by Stars in the House, directed by Dell Howlett.

## Reviews of Broadway production

Charles Isherwood of The New York Times wrote "this overstuffed but lively comedy-drama...also signifies a departure for Broadway in its depiction of generational conflict and sexual sparks among a well-to-do contemporary African-American family and friends. Pointed discussions of race and class erupt as often as testy personality clashes...The discovery of the evening is the quietly captivating Ms. Rashad". Terry Teachout for The Wall Street Journal said "One of the most exciting things that a playwright can do is to show you an unfamiliar way of life. A play that succeeds in doing so can be forgiven any number of theatrical sins. "Stick Fly," in which Lydia R. Diamond puts America's black upper class onstage, fills the bill on all counts. Yes, it's a mess, but a fascinating one, well directed by Kenny Leon and performed with total persuasiveness by his ensemble cast, and the best parts are so good that you'll be glad to forgive Ms. Diamond when she goes wrong."

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Nominee | Result |
| 2012 | Tony Award | Best Featured Actress in a Play | Condola Rashād | Nominated |
# Tom Jones (bishop)

Thomas Edward Jones (7 March 1903 – 16 May 1972) was an Anglican bishop in Australia.
Jones was educated at Ridley College. He was ordained in 1928 and began his ministry as a curate of Moreland and was then the priest in charge of Boggabilla until 1932. He then began a long period of service to the Bush Church Aid Society. In 1958 he was appointed the Bishop of Willochra, a post he held until 1969.
# Appenweier–Strasbourg railway

The Appenweier–Strasbourg railway is a major railway line linking the French TGV station at Strasbourg with the German Rhine Valley Railway (Rheintalbahn) and the Karlsruhe–Basel high-speed railway (between Offenburg and Baden-Baden stations). It is almost entirely double-tracked and fully electrified. The section between Kehl and Appenweier is undergoing modernisation with the goal of a maximum speed of 200 km/h. The French section is owned by SNCF; the German section is owned by Deutsche Bahn.
# La Crosse River Rats

The La Crosse River Rats were an indoor football team based in La Crosse, Wisconsin. They were members of the original Indoor Football League (IFL) and played their home games at the La Crosse Center.

## History

The River Rats joined the original incarnation of the Indoor Football League as an expansion team in 1999. They began play at the La Crosse Center in 2000 and compiled a record of 2-12 in their only season in the league. Despite a dismal record, attendance was "relatively solid" according to Indoor and Arena Football History.
Members of their 2000 team included Doby Howard, Rhett Stallworth, Reggie McGee, Andrew Tyra, Mike Leaks, Marquis Gibson, Jamie Sellers, B. J. McQuillan and was coached by John Schimon and Craig Newsome, former Green Bay Packers cornerback. After Craig Newsome was let go, John Schimon became the head coach and led the team to its only 2 victories of the season.
Two years later, La Crosse was awarded a new team in the newly-formed National Indoor Football League, the La Crosse Night Train, who lasted from 2001 to 2003.
# Elk Rapids Township, Michigan

Elk Rapids Township is a civil township of Antrim County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 2,521 at the 2020 census. The village of Elk Rapids is located within the township.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 11.0 square miles (28.4 km$^2$), of which 7.1 square miles (18.3 km$^2$) is land and 3.9 square miles (10.1 km$^2$), or 35.41%, is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,741 people, 1,206 households, and 811 families residing in the township. The population density was 385.3 inhabitants per square mile (148.8/km$^2$). There were 1,763 housing units at an average density of 247.8 per square mile (95.7/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 97.67% White, 0.22% African American, 0.80% Native American, 0.26% Asian, 0.15% Pacific Islander, 0.40% from other races, and 0.51% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.90% of the population.
There were 1,206 households, out of which 26.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.1% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.7% were non-families. 29.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the average family size was 2.78.
In the township the population was spread out, with 22.1% under the age of 18, 5.2% from 18 to 24, 21.9% from 25 to 44, 28.9% from 45 to 64, and 21.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.8 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $36,250, and the median income for a family was $48,450. Males had a median income of $32,386 versus $23,403 for females. The per capita income for the township was $21,970. About 5.8% of families and 7.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.6% of those under age 18 and 9.0% of those age 65 or over.

## In fiction

The cabin in the woods from the Evil Dead franchise - named Knowby Cabin by one of its owners - is located just outside Elk Rapids Township.