OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Danish attack on Åland (1507)

The Danish attack on Åland occurred during the Dano-Swedish War of 1501–1512 in July 1507, when Søren Norby attacked the island with a squadron of nine ships. He besieged Kastelholm, eventually forcing it to capitulate and bringing its commander Sten Turesson along with others back to Copenhagen. The Danes also forced the island to pay 1,500 marks in brandskattning (Ransom) and several villages were razed.

## Background

In early May 1507, four Danish ships arrived outside Stockholm, raiding parts of it. In the Gulf of Finland, two other Danish ships with 60 crew had made sailing there dangerous, having captured 12 ships off Nargö in the spring. During the capture of these ships, Hans von Eken jumped into the water and managed to save himself.

## Attack

On July 21, a Danish squadron of nine ships unde the command of Søren Norby arrived off Åland, and there was little hope of the Swedes being helped by Viborg. Sten Turesson held command over the island's main castle, Kastelholm. However, he had not held the position for long, and his stockpiles were running low. Instead, he requested that his brother come to the rescue since Norby's forces were plundering the countryside. Unfortunately for Turesson, the request did not arrive to Viborg until 21 July. While the message was in transit, Kastelholm had already been captured, plundered, and razed after a brief defense, with Sten Turesson, his wife, and others being captured. Turesson was later blamed for this as Svante Sture believed he had a small garrison and blamed him for not putting up a better defense. Around 1/8 of Åland's farms had been burned, and the rest were forced to pay a brandskatt (ransom) of 1,500 marks.

## Aftermath

News of the attack quickly reached Stockholm and Åbo, and people from both sides came and provided assistance. This was made easier after Norby's fleet left.
# Brendan Brooks

Brendan Brooks (born November 26, 1978) is a retired Canadian-British professional ice hockey player who last played with Manchester Storm.
He previously played in the UK for the Sheffield Steelers, Fife Flyers and Braehead Clan.
He was also formerly a player/assistant coach to head coach John Tripp at Braehead Clan.
Brooks had rejoined Braehead in June 2017 from the Fife Flyers after playing one season, having dressed for Braehead during 2015–16.
Brooks previously played for Stavanger Oilers in the Norwegian GET-ligaen, but the club was no longer able to finance Brooks' contract and the SCL Tigers in the Swiss National League A. He has formerly played several seasons in AHL. He is known for his speed and goal scoring capability.
Brooks has also played internationally for Great Britain.
# Ummanz

Ummanz is an island in the Baltic Sea, off the west coast of the island of Rügen, and belongs, like the latter, to the county of Vorpommern-Rügen in the German state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
Ummanz is around 20 square kilometres in area and thus, after Rügen, the second largest island in the former county of Rügen. It is part of the Western Pomerania Lagoon Area National Park. The island is bounded to the west and northwest by the Schaproder Bodden, to the north, by the inlet of Udarser Wiek, to the east by the lake of Koselower See and the Breite and to the south by the Kubitzer Bodden. The island of Ummanz is very flat; its highest point lying just 3 metres above sea level (NN).
Since 1901 the island has been linked to the island of Rügen by a 250-metre-long bridge. The largest settlement on the island is the parish village of Waase; other villages are Haide, Markow, Suhrendorf, Freesenort, Tankow and Wusse. Together with several villages on Rügen itself it forms the municipality of Ummanz.
From 1341 the island was owned by the Heiliggeisthospital at Stralsund. As a result, Stralsund's citizens exercised lordship over the island for centuries on behalf of the church foundation.
# Perpetual insurance

Perpetual insurance is a type of homeowner's insurance policy written to have no term, or date, when the policy expires. From the effective start date, the coverage exists for perpetuity. The insured deposits money, called a deposit premium, with the insurer for insurance for the life of the risk. The deposit is many times larger than the cost of a non-refundable, annual premium for an equivalent policy with a one-year term. The insurer must earn enough income from investing the deposits to cover losses and operating expenses for the model to be economically viable. Upon cancellation, the insured is entitled to a full refund of the initial deposit premium, usually without interest. Perpetual insurance, first issued in the U.S. in Philadelphia in 1752, is still used for fire and homeowner's insurance.
In the United States, there are also tax advantages to perpetual insurance. The deposit premium does not yield any income to the insured. However, the expense of the annual premium for term homeowners insurance is eliminated. Therefore, the tax-adjusted, equivalent rate of return to the insured homeowner on the deposit premium can be calculated by taking the gross amount of money he or she needs to earn to net the amount of an annual premium for a term policy, divided by the amount of the deposit premium. For example, a house which costs $150,000 may typically be charged an annual premium of $1,000 for a term policy. That same house would likely require a $10,000 single deposit premium for a perpetual insurance policy of equivalent coverage. A person in the 28% tax bracket would need to earn $1,389 in gross income to pay the annual premium. Since that amount no longer needs to be paid annually, the tax-adjusted, equivalent rate of return to the insured homeowner on the single deposit premium would be $1,389, less the after-tax returns that would have been earned on investing the deposit premium (or $600, assuming a 6% after-tax rate of return) divided by $10,000, in other words, 7.89%.
# Jason K. Pulliam

Jason Kenneth Pulliam (born 1971) is a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas.

## Education

Pulliam received a Bachelor of Arts, cum laude, and a Master of Arts from Brooklyn College. He received his Juris Doctor, cum laude, from the Thurgood Marshall School of Law at Texas Southern University.

## Career

Pulliam served in the United States Marine Corps and was a Judge Advocate from 2000 to 2004.
From 2017 to 2019, Pulliam was of counsel with Prichard Young, where his practice focused on complex civil litigation matters.

### Judicial career

Pulliam served as a Justice on Texas' Fourth Court of Appeals after being appointed to the court by Governor Rick Perry on January 8, 2015. His term ended on December 31, 2016. He also previously served as a judge for the Bexar County Court at Law, handling both civil and criminal matters.

#### Federal judicial service

On March 1, 2019, President Donald Trump announced his intent to nominate Pulliam to serve as a United States district judge for the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas. President Trump nominated Pulliam to the seat vacated by Sam Sparks, who assumed senior status on December 31, 2017. On March 5, 2019, his nomination was sent to the Senate. On May 22, 2019, a hearing on his nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee. On June 20, 2019, his nomination was reported out of committee by a 12–10 vote. On July 30, 2019, the United States Senate invoked cloture on his nomination by a 54–34 vote. On July 31, 2019, his nomination was confirmed by a 54–36 vote. He received his judicial commission on August 5, 2019.

## Personal life

On August 23, 2012, Pulliam and court bailiff Charles Cook witnessed a mugging and apprehended two suspects on foot until police arrived. Two men were accused of stealing an iPhone and iPad outside of a Starbucks. Bystanders tried to catch them, however the two suspects pepper-sprayed them. The suspects ran to a car parked near the Majestic Theatre and drove away, however Cook and Pulliam chased and stopped the car about a half a block away and detained the two occupants until police arrived.
# Anansi (Marvel Comics)

Anansi is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, based on the Akan folktale character of the same name. The character first appeared as an unnamed god in Thor #398 by Tom DeFalco and Ron Frenz and made his named appearance in The Amazing Spider-Man (vol. 2) #48 by J. Michael Straczynski and John Romita Jr.

## Fictional character biography

Anansi was a member of the Vodu, deities worshipped by the tribes of Africa.
According to Ezekiel Sims and the Ashanti tribe in Ghana, Anansi was the first Spider-Man who used his powers to travel through Africa. Anansi made a deal with the Sky God, Nyame, offering his eternal service in exchange for more enlightenment and, after transmitting his power and knowledge to the Great Web, vanished. His temple was then used by Peter Parker to defeat the totemic wasp entity, Shathra and was then used as a battle arena, when Peter and Ezekiel started fighting to appease the totemic entity Gatekeeper.
During the infestation of Manhattan Island, Anansi was disguised as a pest specialist known as A. Nancy and visited Hercules at his workplace. Hercules helped Nancy to sneak into Arachne's apartment to steal her Tapestry. After that, Nancy was attacked by Elektra who stole the tapestry, but left Nancy alive even though Baba Yaga had ordered her to kill him.
In the 2024 event Blood Hunt, Blade (who was possessed by Varnae) transforms Miles Morales into a vampire. He is unable to be completely cured, but he and all other vampires gain immunity to sunlight. Later, Miles meets with Anansi, who offers to cure him.

### Other versions of Anansi

* In Spider-Man: Fairy Tales, a version of Anansi appears, where he faces several gods during his quest.
* During the "Spider-Verse" event, a version of Anansi is recruited by Spider-UK into joining the Spider-Army to battle the Inheritors.

### Anansi in other media

Anansi appears in Spider-Man Unlimited.
# Clady Circuit

Clady Circuit situated in County Antrim, Northern Ireland describes a motor-cycle road racing street circuit used for the Ulster Grand Prix. The Clady Circuit was used between 1922 and 1939 and an amended shorter circuit between 1947 and 1952.

## History

The Clady Circuit, (Irish: Clóidigh; i.e. Washing river) first used in 1922 for the Ulster Grand Prix was 20.500 mi (32.992 km) in length in County Antrim. The original course start line was situated near Loanends Primary School on the secondary B39 Antrim to Belfast Road. The event held on public roads closed for racing including the secondary B39 Seven Mile Straight between Antrim and Clady Corner including Christy's Brae, the primary A52 Belfast to Crumlin Road between Clady Corner and Thorn Cottage, a tertiary road north from Thorn Cottage to Greenmount near the town of Antrim (including a section of RAF Aldergrove) and from Greenmount to Muckamore Corner with the road junction of the B39 'Seven Mile Straight.'
The Clady Circuit was shortened in 1947 to a length of 16.467 mi (26.501 km) with the omission of the Aldergrove section from Thorn Cottage to Greenmount. The short Clady Circuit now ran from Clady Corner to Nutts Corner on the primary A52 Belfast to Crumlin Road and used a section of the primary A 26 Banbridge to Coleraine Road from Nutts Corner to Muckamore House near Antrim. For the 1953 racing season the Clady Circuit was abandoned for motor-cycle racing and the Ulster Grand Prix as part of the FIM Motorcycle Grand Prix World Championship was moved to the nearby Dundrod Circuit in Co Antrim.

## Speed and Race Records

The lap record for the short Clady Circuit is 9 Minutes and 21 seconds at an average speed of 105.94 mph (170.49 km/h) set by Les Graham riding a 500cc MV Agusta 4C during the 1952 Ulster Grand Prix. The lap record for the 1922–1939 Clady Circuit is 12 minutes and 17.8 seconds at an average speed of 100.03 mph (160.98 km/h) by Dorino Serafini riding a 500cc Gilera motor-cycle during the 1939 Ulster Grand Prix. The race record for the short Clady Circuit is an average speed of 99.79 mph (160.60 km/h) set by Cromie McCandless riding a 500cc Gilera also during the 1952 Ulster Grand Prix.
# Newent Town F.C.

Newent Town Association Football Club is a football club based in Newent, Gloucestershire, England. They were established in 1920. Affiliated to the Gloucestershire County Football Association, they are currently members of the Hellenic League Division One. The club's nickname is the Daffs.

## History

The club was founded in 1920. In the 1972–73 season the club won Division two of the Gloucestershire Northern Senior League. The 1979–80 season saw the club leave the Gloucestershire Northern Senior league and become a founding member of the Gloucestershire County League. The club remained in the Gloucestershire county league until 1986, and re-joined the Gloucestershire Northern Senior League in 1989.
In the 2017–18 season the club entered a team in Division Two West of the Hellenic Football League in addition to having a first team in the Gloucestershire Northern Senior league. However the club was expelled from the Gloucestershire Northern Senior League as a result of entering a team in the Hellenic league, as it was accused of not fielding its strongest team in the Northern League when fixtures clashed. The club in its debut season won the Division Two West title and so gained promotion to Division One West for the 2018–19 season.
They now ply their trade in Hellenic Football League Division One (National League step 6) under Manager Romayne Thomas.

## Ground

Newent Town play their games at Wildsmith Meadow, Malswick, Newent, Gloucestershire, GL18 1HE. The ground has one stand with terraced seating.

## Honours
### League

* Hellenic Division Two West:
** Winners: 2017–18
* Gloucestershire Northern Senior League Division Two:
** Winners: 1972–73
* North Glos Premier League:
** Winners: 2012–13

### Cup

* Reg Davis Trophy:
** Winners (2): 2015, 2016

## Records

* FA Vase best performance: First round proper 2022/23 (3rd round)
Newent Town 1 - 1 Eccleshall. Then 3 - 5 on Penalties
* FA Cup best performance: 1st qualifying round 2020–21

## Records

* Top Goal Scorer: Darryl Baylis. 178 goals
# Mount Moriah station

Mount Moriah station is a trolley stop on the SEPTA Metro T3 route in Southwest Philadelphia.
Located on the northeast corner of Kingsessing Avenue and Cemetery Avenue, there is a loop there for trolleys that do not go on the full route to Yeadon or Darby to turn around and go back to Center City Philadelphia. The stop is named for the Mount Moriah Cemetery next to the stop. The cemetery is named after Mount Moriah from the Biblical Book of Genesis.
# 2024 Karachi Airport bombing

On 7 October 2024, a Pakistani separatist group reportedly targeted a convoy of Chinese nationals at Karachi Airport, killing at least two people and injuring ten others.
The Baloch Liberation Army (BLA), a separatist militant group, reportedly claimed responsibility for the attack. In a statement, the BLA said it had "targeted a high-level convoy" of Chinese investors and engineers.
The regional government of Sindh Province reported on the social media platform X (formerly Twitter) that a "tanker" had exploded on the airport motorway, contributing to the casualties.
A statement from the Separatist group identified the incident as a suicide attack and named the assailant, a member of the BLA’s Majeed Brigade, a suicide squad. The group has frequently targeted Chinese nationals in the region, alleging that ethnic Baloch residents are being deprived of their rightful share of wealth from foreign investments and the extraction of natural resources in the province. In response, the Chinese embassy expressed hope that Pakistan would conduct a thorough investigation and "severely punish the perpetrator." Among the injured were a police constable and a woman.

## Timeline

* Sunday, 23:00 (local time): A suspected suicide bombing occurred near Jinnah International Airport, targeting a convoy of Chinese nationals. The explosion resulted in the deaths of two Chinese engineers and left at least ten others injured, including a police constable and a woman.
* Sunday night: The Chinese embassy in Pakistan labeled the explosion a "terrorist attack" aimed at Chinese engineers working on a power project in Sindh province.
* Monday morning: The Balochistan Liberation Army (BLA) claimed responsibility for the attack. The group identified the perpetrator as a member of their Majeed Brigade. The BLA stated that the attack was executed using a vehicle-borne improvised explosive device (VBIED).
* Monday: Pakistan's Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif condemned the attack, calling it a "heinous act," and offered condolences to the Chinese government. He reaffirmed Pakistan's commitment to safeguarding Chinese nationals in the country.
* Monday afternoon: The Chinese embassy issued a safety alert to Chinese citizens and enterprises in Pakistan, advising them to take increased safety precautions. Roads leading to the airport were sealed off following the attack, but the airport continued to function normally.
* Following days: Pakistani counterterrorism officials initiated an investigation into how the attacker accessed Karachi. Prime Minister Sharif met with the Chinese Ambassador, promising to personally oversee the investigation into the attack.
# Kinetic

Kinetic (Ancient Greek: κίνησις “kinesis”, movement or to move) may refer to:
* Kinetic theory, describing a gas as particles in random motion
* Kinetic energy, the energy of an object that it possesses due to its motion

## Art and entertainment

* Kinetic art, a form of art involving mechanical and/or random movement, including optical illusions.
* Kinetic, the 13th episode of the first season of the TV series Smallville
* Kinetic (comics), a comic by Allan Heinberg and Kelley Pucklett
* "Kinetic" (song), a song by Radiohead

## Business

* Kinetic, a brand of Windstream Holdings
* Kinetic Engineering Limited, Indian automotive manufacturer
* Kinetic Group, Australian-based public transport company

## Technology

* "Kinetic", Seiko's trademark for its automatic quartz technology
* The Kinetic camera system by Birt Acres (1854–1918), photographer and film pioneer
* Kinetic projectile

## Military terminology

* Kinetic military action
# Smada

Adams Olabode Michael professionally known as Smada is a Nigerian singer, and songwriter signed to NATIVE Records, in partnership with Def Jam Recordings. He came into the music scene with an acclaimed extended play NÜNIVERSE, with lead track "Family", and is widely known for his breakthrough single "Ye Anthem", released in 2022 as his first single with NATIVE Records.

## Early life

Adams Olabode Michael was born and raised in Lagos, where he also had his tertiary education from the University of Lagos. Olabode is the last child of five, and began playing the drum as a child. He was asked to try out singing by his elder brother.

## Career

In 2021, while in school he released his second extended play NÜNIVERSE, which reached number 1 on iTunes Nigeria, and also swam the minor hit track "Family" from the EP, which peaked on Apple Music Nigeria Top 100 songs. He achieved airplay with the song after it was co-signed by Don Jazzy. In 2022, Smada gained popularity within the Gen Z communities on TikTok, when he began uploading videos with snippets of his unreleased songs, including "Ye Anthem", which became his most-anticipated single from TikTok.
On 29 November 2022, NATIVE Records signed Smada in partnership with Def Jam Recordings. On 2 December 2022, NATIVE Records releases the official music video for "Ye Anthem", featuring King Perryy and Toyé. On 5 December 2022, "Ye Anthem" debuted at number 10 on the Nigeria TurnTable Top Alternative/Dancehall Songs chart. On 10 December 2022, the song lead Pulse Nigeria Future Sounds playlist. In 2023, he was cited as one of the 18 Nigerian Artists To Watch by The Culture Custodian.

## Discography
### Singles

List of charted singles, with selected chart positions :
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Peak chart positions | Certifications | Album |
| Title | Year | NG | NG Alt./DH. | UK | US | Certifications | Album |
| "Ye Anthem" (featuring. King Perryy & Toyé) | 2022 | — | 10 | — | — | | TBA |
| "Ye Anthem (DJ YK Mule Remix)" (featuring. DJ YK Mule) | 2022 | — | — | — | — | | TBA |
| "Ye Anthem (Mellow & Sleazy Remix)" (featuring. Mellow & Sleazy) | 2022 | — | — | — | — | | TBA |
| "PAPILO (Smadamodu)" (featuring. Odumodublvck) | 2023 | 86 | — | — | — | | TBA |
| “SMADA EH! (featuring Pocolee, Smeez, D3an) | 2023 | — | — | — | — | | TBA |
| "Baba (Smadumodu)" (featuring. Odumodublvck) | 2024 | | | | | | Nobody Badder (EP) |
| "Superstar" | 2024 | | | | | | Nobody Badder (EP) |
| "Feelings" (featuring. Mellissa) | 2024 | | | | | | Nobody Badder (EP) |
| "Linda" | 2024 | | | | | | Nobody Badder (EP) |
| "Fine Lady" | 2024 | | | | | | Nobody Badder (EP) |
| "LUV<3" | 2024 | | | | | | Nobody Badder (EP) |
# Stearne Tighe Edwards

Stearne Tighe Edwards, DSC & Bar (13 February 1893 – 22 November 1918) was a Canadian flying ace of the First World War, officially credited with 17 victories. He was seriously injured in a crash the day after Armistice Day, and died from his injuries 10 days later.

## Awards
### Distinguished Service Cross

Edwards' Distinguished Service Cross was awarded for a series of actions.
* Bringing down a two-seater Aviatik on 3 September 1917
* Driving "a two-seater enemy machine down out of control" on 21 September 1917
* An Albatross scout which crashed into the sea on 23 September 1917. And bringing down another on the same day.

### Distinguished Service Cross – Bar

   Lieut. (tempy. Capt.) Stearne Tighe Edwards, D.S.C., R.A.F. For conspicuous bravery and most brilliant leadership of fighting patrols against enemy aircraft. On 2 May 1918, whilst leading a patrol of four scouts, he encountered a hostile formation of eight enemy scouts and drove down one enemy machine completely out of control. Soon afterwards, he engaged another formation of six enemy scouts, driving down one to its destruction whilst his patrol accounted for another. He only broke off the fight owing to lack of ammunition. He has destroyed or driven down out of control many enemy machines since he was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross, and has at all times shown the greatest gallantry and a fine offensive spirit.