# Air Astana

Air Astana (Kazakh: Эйр Астана) is an airline and the flag carrier of Kazakhstan. Based in Almaty, the airline was founded by the Government of Kazakhstan's sovereign wealth fund Samruk Kazyna (51%) and BAE Systems (49%) and commenced operations on 15 May 2002. In February 2024, Air Astana became a dual listed company, being listed on the Kazakhstan Stock Exchange and London Stock Exchange. It is the largest airline in Central Asia and the Caucasus region, with 69% and 40% of market share on domestic and intra-regional routes from Kazakhstan.

## History

Air Astana was described by the Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation in January 2012 as having "performed better in its first decade than just about any other start-up carrier". Originally intended to be a purely domestic airline, BAE Systems later agreed in mid-2001 to participate in the proposed startup at the request of Kazakhstan's then head of state, President Nursultan Nazarbayev. Their assistance was requested to facilitate an air radar contract. This was then negotiated with the Government of Kazakhstan.
Richard Evans, BAE Systems' chairman, was considered instrumental to the success of the deal. The radar contract never materialized, however, and subsequent senior management changes and strategic reviews at BAE Systems led to the closure of its offices in Kazakhstan. Additionally, despite the support of Nazarbayev, the start-up, initially seen as a foreign entity, faced immediate and vocal opposition from many elements of Kazakhstan's media and political establishment.

### 2002–2019

Despite facing opposition and a lack of support, Air Astana launched its operations under the leadership of its first president, Lloyd Paxton, a former executive of British Airways. After a few short-lived pre-operational leaders, the airline leased its first three Boeing 737s from the International Lease Finance Corporation (ILFC) and started commercial operations on 15 May 2002.
Later in 2003, the airline leased Fokker 50s from Aircraft Finance Trading BV (AFT) and three Boeing 757s from Pegasus Leasing Corp. In its first full year of operations, Air Astana declared a net profit in 2003. When Air Kazakhstan, the previous flag carrier, declared bankruptcy in February 2004, Air Astana expanded its operations from its domestic network to key international routes including Dubai, Istanbul, Moscow, Beijing, Frankfurt, and London.
Early growth pains and disagreements over fleet plans and hub strategy led to tensions between the shareholders and a management change in the autumn of 2005. Peter Foster, a former executive of Cathay Pacific who had led the rehabilitation team at in 1999 before a spell as CEO at Royal Brunei Airlines, was appointed as the airline's president on 1 October 2005. Long-term development plans and management structures were established that have remained largely unchanged since then. The airline has been consistently profitable and was listed in the top 20 most profitable airlines in terms of net margin in the world for the years 2010, 2011, and 2012, according to Airline Business and Air Finance Journal, which ranked it 20th in its 2015 survey of global airline financial ratings, with a score of BBB−.
In an article on BAE Systems' offset programmes (10/10/13) the Financial Times stated, "BAE's 49 percent stake in Kazakhstan's Air Astana became one of the company's highest-yielding investments".
Air Astana received its first Airbus A320neo in November 2016. Until 8 December 2016, Air Astana was the only Kazakh airline allowed to fly to the European Union.
Air Astana was the official air carrier of Expo 2017 and the official carrier and general partner of the 2017 Winter Universiade, which took place from 29 January to 8 February 2017 in Almaty. Also, in 2017, Air Astana took delivery of its first A321neo, and in 2018, its first Embraer E190-E2. The E2 aircraft featured a special Snow leopard livery to draw global attention to the threat of extinction faced by this large wild cat, which is a native to the mountain ranges of southern Kazakhstan. Air Astana also donated to Kazakhstan's Zoology Association, which is taking urgent action to protect the diminishing numbers of Snow leopards in the country.
In 2018, Air Astana marked its 16th anniversary with the opening of a new Aviation Technical Centre at Astana's international airport, which enabled Air Astana to undertake all aircraft engineering and servicing requirements up to a heavy maintenance level. Air Astana decided to establish a low-cost brand in 2018.
In 2019, Air Astana took delivery of the first Airbus A321LR aircraft under an operating lease agreement with Air Lease Corporation and became the first operator of the aircraft type in the CIS. Also in 2019, Air Astana became the first airline in Kazakhstan able to independently perform heavy maintenance C1 and C2 checks on Airbus family aircraft at its engineering bases in Almaty and Astana.

### 2020–present

In 2020, due to entry and exit restrictions imposed by several countries to limit the spread of COVID-19, 95% of Air Astana flights were cancelled between 22 March and 14 April 2020, with only 140 flights operated instead of almost 2,900. Air Astana CEO in its message to passengers assured that all requests for rebooking and refunds will be managed and that "in 18 years Air Astana has never failed to meet its obligations to customers. That commitment is absolute and will not change". Air Astana gradually restored its domestic flights from May 2020 and international flights from June, 2020.
In 2021, Air Astana received the highest level 5-Star COVID-19 Airline Safety Rating by Skytrax; and became the first airline from the CIS and Southeast Asia to successfully pass an APEX audit, with Diamond status being awarded for minimizing and preventing the spread of the COVID-19 virus during flights.
On 28 February and 1 March 2022, Air Astana successfully undertook repatriation flights for Kazakhstan citizens in Ukraine. Flights were operated between Katowice in southern Poland and Almaty/Astana. CEO Peter Foster went to Kyiv on the last international flight into the country on 23 February with Alexander Neboga, a senior colleague, to organize repatriation flights, and returned on the first of those.
On 11 March 2022, Air Astana informed that due to the withdrawal of insurance coverage for commercial flights to, from and over the Russian Federation, all flights to the Russian Federation were suspended with immediate effect.
Air Astana signed an agreement with Air Lease Corporation for the long-term lease of three new wide-body Boeing 787-9 Dreamliners. The leased aircraft are scheduled to begin arriving in the first half of 2025.
In 2023, Air Astana commissioned its new Flight Training Centre at Astana International Airport. The new training centre is equipped with the L3 Harris Reality Seven full-flight simulation that delivers the most realistic training environment. The simulator is the first one with Air Astana and the first ever installation in Kazakhstan.
In 2023, Air Astana completed its first six-year C-Check at the carrier's engineering and technical center in Astana.
In 2023, Air Astana Group achieved a record result for nine months of operation, total revenue and other income amounted to about $900.6 million, which is 20.5% more than a year ago, when the result was $747.2 million.
In February 2024, Air Astana completed its initial public offering and was listed on the London, Astana and Kazakhstan stock exchanges.
In 2024, Air Astana carried out a heavy maintenance 12-year C-check, which was conducted on an Air Astana Airbus A321 aircraft.

## Corporate affairs
### Staff

Air Astana employs over 6,000 people, mostly in Kazakhstan, supplemented by local employees at its foreign offices. It employs 600 pilots. All of its pilots hold EASA-European licenses. Since 2008, it has operated an ab initio pilot training program for Kazakhstan nationals at flight training schools in the US and EU. As of January 2022, 320 of its operating pilots were graduates of this scheme. In 2012, the company introduced a general management training program at Cranfield University, since transferring to Henley Business School. The airline's cabin crew consists of over 1,100 flight attendants, all of whom are Kazakhstan nationals. Its management is a combination of Kazakhstani and foreign nationals.

### FlyArystan

In November 2018, the airline announced plans to launch a low-cost airline, FlyArystan. FlyArystan began operations on 1 May 2019 with a pair of Airbus A320s configured to 180 seats operating a classic low-cost model, on the same Airline Operator Certificate (AOC) as its parent but with separate specialist management. As of January 2022, FlyArystan operated 10 A320s with a further 7 on firm order through to 2023. The high passenger growth of FlyArystan (553% 2021 v 2020) has potentially contributed to Kazakhstan becoming the fastest-growing domestic aviation market in the world in 2021. FlyArystan was incorporated as a separate company in October 2023 and was granted its own AOC by the Kazakhstan Civil Aviation Committee in April 2024.

### Business figures

| Year | Passenger traffic | Profit after tax (million USD ) |
| 2006 | 1,5 m | 32.0 |
| 2007 | 2,1 m | 35.4 |
| 2008 | 2,3 m | 17.1 |
| 2009 | 2,2 m | 48.0 |
| 2010 | 2,6 m | 77.1 |
| 2011 | 3 m | 61.3 |
| 2012 | 3.3 m | 61.1 |
| 2013 | 3.7 m | 51.4 |
| 2014 | 3.8 m | 19.5 |
| 2015 | 3.9 m | 48.7 |
| 2016 | 3.7 m | (39.9) |
| 2017 | 4.2 m | 39.3 |
| 2018 | 4.3 m | 5.4 |
| 2019 | 5,1 m | 30.0 |
| 2020 | 3,7 m | (93.9) |
| 2021 | 6,6 m | 36.2 |
| 2022 | 7.3 m | 78.4 |
| 2023 | 8.1 m | 68.7 |

## Operations
### Activity in Russia

In September 2002, the airline launched flights between Astana and Moscow with a frequency of 3 times a week and daily flights between Almaty and Moscow performed by Boeing 737-700. In 2014, the number of weekly services on the Astana – Moscow route was increased to 9 flights a week, and Almaty – Moscow flights up to 14. Prior to the coronavirus pandemic, the airline operated 54 weekly services on 11 routes to Russia: Almaty – Moscow performed by Airbus A321 and Boeing 767, Astana – Moscow, Almaty – St Petersburg performed by Airbus A320 and Astana – Novosibirsk, Astana – Yekaterinburg, Astana – Omsk, Astana – St Petersburg, Almaty – Kazan, and Almaty – Samara performed by Embraer E190.
After a pandemic-driven halt from March to May 2020, the airline resumed services from Almaty and Astana to Moscow's Domodedovo Airport, and between Almaty and St Petersburg, both operated in code-share with its long-term code-share partner S7 Airlines of Russia. In addition, FlyArystan started operating from Karaganda International Airport to Moscow Domodedovo, and from Almaty to Novosibirsk.
On 11 March 2022, the group suspended all flights to, from, and over Russia due to sanctions and restrictions imposed on several essential business partners as a consequence of the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

### Activity in Central Asia and Caucasus

Air Astana has built on its geographical strength by expanding its network to cover all key cities of the region with short-haul flights.
In Central Asia and the Caucasus, the airline flies to Bishkek (Kyrgyzstan), Tashkent (Uzbekistan), Baku (Azerbaijan), Tbilisi (Georgia) and Dushanbe (Tajikistan) both from Almaty and Astana. Following the global pandemic, all these routes, which were temporarily suspended from March to May 2020, were resumed, and FlyArystan started operating in Kutaisi (Georgia).

### Activity in China and Korea

Before the pandemic, the airline operated daily flights to Beijing from both Almaty and Astana and flights to Ürümqi in Xinjiang. Since July 2020, passenger charter flights have been resumed to Chengdu International Airport, in addition to regular all-cargo charters to various points in China with a partially-converted Boeing 767. In reflection of increasing passenger demand, the aircraft was re-converted to a passenger configuration in September 2021.
Following the pandemic, flights that had been operated daily to Seoul (Korea) from Almaty and twice a week from Astana have been reduced to a once-weekly flight between Almaty and Seoul because of travel restrictions imposed by the Government of Korea. Flights between Almaty and Hong Kong have been indefinitely suspended.
As of May 2023, all flights to Beijing and Seoul have been restored to their pre-pandemic frequencies.

### ICAO and the EU

The airline's international route development was heavily influenced by regulatory factors from April 2009 until April 2014. In April 2009, an audit by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), found the Kazakhstan Civil Aviation Committee (CAC) to be non-compliant in key areas of regulatory oversight. This resulted in, except for Air Astana, a blanket ban of all Kazakhstan-registered airlines from flying to, from, or within the European Union by the EU's Air Safety Committee (ASC), until the ban was lifted on 8 December 2016. Air Astana was exempted from the ban "...taking into account oral and written presentations made...." particularly the registration of its aircraft with the Department of Civil Aviation of Aruba, a Netherlands-dependent dependent territory, and its operations safety management programme as presented to the ASC. However, it was included in the ASC's Annex B, restricting its EU operations to the level of frequencies and fleet operated at the time of imposition of the ban in July 2009. The ASC removed the fleet restriction in November 2012 for the Boeing and Airbus fleets based on the airline's fleet renewal programme but retained the restriction on Embraer aircraft. On 10 April 2014, the ASC lifted the frequency restrictions based on the airline's safety performance, including the Safety Audit of Foreign Airlines (SAFA) monitoring programme results, as well as continuing transparent communications. This allowed the airline to start planning for new destinations in Europe and increased its daily service to Frankfurt from Astana, a 6x weekly service to Amsterdam from Atyrau, and a 4x weekly service to London. The airline subsequently commenced service between Astana and Paris in April 2015. The restrictions on the Embraer aircraft, which were the last to be banned from the EU, were removed in December 2015.
During the global pandemic, the airline was able to maintain flights between Atyrau and Amsterdam (its only international route at that time) to transport key oil field workers to and from Western Kazakhstan. Since July 2020 its other EU operations have gradually resumed, and by January 2022, the airlines were operating from Astana to Frankfurt (in code-share with Lufthansa) and London Heathrow, in addition to its Amsterdam and Frankfurt flights from Atyrau and Uralsk.
As of May 2023, all flights to Frankfurt and Amsterdam have been restored to their pre-pandemic frequencies. As of June 2023, flights from Almaty to London, and from Aktau to London, operate 5 times per week, and flights from Almaty to Heraklion operate 4 times per week.

## Destinations

The group provides scheduled and charter, point-to-point and transit, short-haul and long-haul air travel and cargo on domestic, regional and international routes. across Central Asia, the Caucasus, the Far East, the Middle East, India, and Europe.
Long-haul routes are expanding towards South and East Asia, with flights to Delhi, Seoul (operated in code-sharing with Asiana Airlines), Beijing, Bangkok, and Phuket. In late October 2024, a new service from Almaty to Phu Quoc (Vietnam) began, operating five times a week. Air Astana is also increasing its presence in the Middle East with new services to Dubai and Abu Dhabi, reflecting the rapid growth in business and leisure traffic between Kazakhstan and the region. The airline also expanded its network of services to Saudi Arabia by launching direct flights to Jeddah and Medina from Shymkent and Almaty, respectively.
From European cities, Air Astana operates flights from Astana to Frankfurt, from Atyrau to Amsterdam, and a non-stop flight from Almaty to London. In August 2024, Air Astana signed a codeshare agreement with JAL, one of the world's best airlines, enhancing connectivity between Kazakhstan and Japan for both business and leisure travellers, as well as more widely fostering greater movement of people and goods between the two countries.

### Lifestyle destinations

Air Astana was additionally obliged to cease flights from Kazakhstan to Bangkok and Kuala Lumpur in March 2020 due to strict COVID-19-driven travel restrictions across Southeast Asia. In October 2020, following the partial withdrawal of travel restrictions for both Kazakhstan citizens and at certain leisure destinations, the airline resumed services to Antalya (Turkey) and Sharm El Sheikh (Egypt) and commenced flying to The Maldives (Male International Airport) and Colombo (Sri Lanka). These flights, referred to as "lifestyle routes" by the airline's management due to an increased average length of stay at destinations by travellers, were added in March 2021.

### Codeshare agreements

Air Astana has codeshare agreements with the following airlines:
* Asiana Airlines
* Azerbaijan Airlines
* Bangkok Airways
* Cathay Pacific
* Etihad Airways
* KLM
* Lufthansa
* Turkish Airlines

### Interline agreements

Air Astana has interline agreements with the following airlines:
* AccesRail
* Air France
* Air India
* Air Malta
* airBaltic
* All Nippon Airways
* Asiana Airlines
* Austrian Airlines
* Azerbaijan Airlines
* Bangkok Airways
* Belavia
* British Airways
* Cathay Pacific
* Cayman Airways
* China Southern Airlines
* Czech Airlines
* Delta Air Lines
* EgyptAir
* El Al
* Emirates
* Etihad Airways
* FitsAir
* Garuda Indonesia
* Georgian Airways
* Hainan Airlines
* Hong Kong Airlines
* Japan Airlines
* KLM
* Korean Air
* LOT Polish Airlines
* Lufthansa
* Malaysia Airlines
* MIAT Mongolian Airlines
* Philippine Airlines
* Qantas
* Qatar Airways
* Royal Jordanian
* Saudia
* Shandong Airlines
* Singapore Airlines
* SriLankan Airlines
* TAROM
* Thai Airways International
* Turkish Airlines
* Ukraine International Airlines
* United Airlines
* Uzbekistan Airways
* Vietnam Airlines

## Fleet
### Current fleet

As of March 2025, Air Astana operates the following aircraft:
Air Astana fleet :
| Aircraft | In service | Orders | Passengers | Passengers | Passengers | Notes |
| Aircraft | In service | Orders | C | Y | Total | Notes |
| Airbus A320neo | 11 | — | 16 | 132 | 148 | |
| Airbus A321-200 | 3 | — | 28 | 151 | 179 | |
| Airbus A321neo | 5 | — | 28 | 151 | 179 | |
| Airbus A321neo | 5 | — | 28 | 156 | 184 | |
| Airbus A321LR | 11 | — | 16 | 150 | 166 | |
| Boeing 767-300ER | 3 | — | 30 | 193 | 223 | Includes the last passenger Boeing 767 ever built. To be replaced by Boeing 787-9. |
| Boeing 787-9 | — | 3 | TBA | TBA | TBA | Delivery starts in 2025. Converted from previous firm orders for three 787-8s. To replace Boeing 767. |
| Total | 33 | 3 | | | | |

### Fleet history

Air Astana formerly also operated the following aircraft types:
| Aircraft | Introduced | Retired |
| Airbus A319-100 | 2008 | 2018 |
| Boeing 737-700 | 2002 | 2007 |
| Boeing 737-800 | 2002 | 2007 |
| Boeing 757-200 | 2003 | 2020 |
| Embraer E190 | 2011 | 2024 |
| Fokker 50 | 2004 | 2013 |

## Services
### Cabins

Air Astana operates two class services, Business and Economy, on all aircraft, and Economy Sleeper on its Airbus A321neo Long Range aircraft. All aircraft except its Embraer E2s are equipped with an individual in-flight entertainment system supplied by RAVE in both cabins.

### Frequent-flyer program

The Nomad Club frequent flyer program consists of Diamond, Gold, Silver and Blue membership tiers, and has reciprocal agreements with Lufthansa's Miles & More and Asiana Airlines's Asiana Club programs.

## Accidents and incidents

* On 11 November 2018, Air Astana Flight 1388, an Embraer ERJ-190, suffered severe control problems after takeoff due to faulty installation of control cables following a heavy maintenance check by a third-party maintenance provider in Portugal. After more than 90 minutes, the aircraft, with three flight-deck crew and three maintenance personnel on board, was able to land at Beja Airbase. However, the aircraft had already suffered severe structural stress and was written off. Air Astana pilots were recognised for accident prevention and received the Gordon-Burge Memorial Award for Outstanding Courage and Devotion to Duty in the Air at a ceremony held at the Guidhall, London.

## Awards

The airline has received numerous awards for its performance over the years, including:
* SKYTRAX World Airline Awards, Best Airline Central Asia and India: 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2021 (no awards in 2020 due to COVID-19)
* SKYTRAX World Airline Awards, Best Airline Central Asia and CIS: 2022, 2023, 2024
* SKYTRAX World Airline Awards, 4 Star Airline, 2012–present
* SKYTRAX World Airline Awards, Fly Arystan, Best Low Cost Airline Central Asia and CIS: 2023, 2024
* APEX Airline Rating, 5 Stars: 2023, 2024, 2025
* Air Transport World: Airline Market Leadership award, 2015
* In the 2015 UK New Year's Honours List, Peter Foster was awarded Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for his services to British aviation in Kazakhstan.
* Flight Global named Peter Foster its Airline Leader of the Year at its annual Airline Strategy Awards in July 2024.
* 2025 APEX Best Overall Airline in Central Asia Award