# Haidilao

Haidilao International Holding Ltd., or Haidilao (Chinese: 海底捞), is a Chinese hot pot chain, known for its customer service. Founded in Jianyang, Sichuan in 1994, it has since grown to become China’s largest hot pot chain. Its restaurants typically operate under the name Haidilao Hot Pot.
As of 2022, Haidilao had around 1,300 restaurants in China, Hong Kong, Macau, with its overseas unit, Super Hi International, running 97 outlets around the world, including in Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Vietnam, Malaysia, South Korea, Japan, Australia, the UK, Canada and the United States. Annual revenue is estimated to be more than CN¥10 billion.

## Etymology

In Mandarin, haidilao can be translated as deep sea fishing, or literally "scooping the bottom of the ocean." The origin of this term comes from a Chinese idiom, hǎidǐlāoyuè (海底捞月, lit. "fishing for the moon"), a metaphor for a hopeless endeavor. This idiom was originally derived from the Buddhist poem Song of Enlightenment. The term haidilao is also used by mahjong players to refer to a rare and lucky situation when a player wins with the last tile.

## History

In March 1994, a then unknown restauranteur Zhang Yong opened the first Haidilao hot pot restaurant along with three other founders with 8,000 Yuan in Jianyang, Sichuan Province. Haidilao grew competitively with an emphasis on customer service. After five years, Haidilao started to expand beyond Sichuan to other provinces like Xi'an, Shanxi province, and other parts of the world.
In 2018, Haidilao Hot Pot served more than 160 million customers, with an average daily table turnover rate (i.e. the number of parties hosted per table per day) of 5.0. Haidilao Hot Pot has more than 36 million VIP members and 60,000+ staffs.
In 2019, Haidilao opened the first robot-aided hotpot restaurant in Beijing.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Haidilao closed all stores in mainland China on January 26, 2020, to decrease the spread of the virus. As a result, Haidilao recorded significant losses. A similar hotpot chain restaurant called Xiabu Xiabu also closed around 20% of its total stores as a response to the decreased consumer demand during COVID. On March 12, 2020, with cases decreasing in China, Haidilao began reopening stores.
However, even after reopening, business was slow. Haidilao also faced backlash for increasing prices to offset pandemic losses, and the number of people restaurants could serve was limited by government pandemic restrictions.
In 2021, as part of an expansion plan, Haidilao opened 421 new restaurants, but it also closed 276 in an effort to improve the operations and profitability of existing stores.
In 2022, in the wake of China's zero-COVID policy, Haidilao's shares fell more than 60%. Haidilao is focusing on expanding its international presence, spinning off its overseas unit, Super Hi International.

## Innovation and expansion

Haidilao and the Japanese electronics company Panasonic jointly launched a "smart" restaurant in 2018. This restaurant relies on Panasonic's robotics and image recognition technology to achieve full automation of the kitchen. After the customer orders the food with tablet computer (iPad), the system in the kitchen can automatically recognize the dishes and puts them into the tray.
Haidilao has more than 180 chains globally, more than 20,000 staff, and an annual turnover of 5 billion RMB (almost US$0.77 billion).
By the end of June 30, 2020, Haidilao Hot Pot had 935 stores in operation. In addition to the many locations in China, the company serves the areas of Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, Australia, Taiwan, United Kingdom, Canada, United States, Thailand, Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, South Korea, Japan, and the United Arab Emirates.
The company opened its first restaurant outside of mainland China in Clarke Quay, Singapore, in 2012. This was followed by its first US outlet, which opened in Westfield Santa Anita (California) in September 2013. Haidilao continued to develop its network abroad, entering the South Korean market in 2014, the Taiwanese and Japanese markets in 2015, the Hong Kong market in 2017, and the Canadian market in 2018.

### IPO

In 2008, Haidilao planned to increase $600 million to $700 million in the Hong Kong IPO which could increase the popularity in the global market.
In 2017, Haidilao's net profit rose 22% to 1.19 billion yuan, and revenue increased 36% to 10.64 billion yuan.
In 2018, Haidilao raised nearly US$1 billion in a Hong Kong initial public offering (IPO). The IPO figures show that even though Haidilao faced some safety issues over the past two years, investors are still feeling positive of Haidilao growth in the future.
Founded as a privately held company, Haidilao International Holding Ltd. filed to launch an initial public offering (IPO) in Hong Kong in 2018, aiming to raise up to US$700 million for further expansion.
As of 2018, Haidilao's IPO price of 17.80 Hong Kong dollars a share makes its market capitalization $12 billion.

## Operations

Haidilao enforces strict rules when selecting food suppliers. There are more than 20 dipping sauces on Haidilao's self-service condiment table. Side dishes like peanuts, cucumbers, and fresh food are always provided. Customers can select up to four different soup bases in one pot.

## Automation

Haidilao restaurants have automated kitchens with robot chefs to increase efficiency and robots for food delivery.
In 2013, Haidilao developed a new videoconference service where customers could see each other by using video conference facilities and remotely videoconference with customers at other Haidilao restaurants.

### "Hi to send" service

Haidilao created the “Hi to send” delivery service in 2003. Once a customer orders food to be delivered, staff will send an electromagnetic pan, an induction cooker, and a wiring board to customers’ home, where they will also help the customers divide their food. They wait outside until customers finish their food, after which they will take away the kitchenware. Since 2013, Haidilao is open for 24 hours a day and offers service of delivery food.

### Amenities

Every Haidilao restaurant has a waiting room for customers, some of which offer additional services such as nail salon or children's play areas. Additional free before-meal services and amenities include a car wash, fruits, snacks, drinks, and board games.
During the meal, staff offer diners aprons and mobile phone bags, and provide small hairpins for long-haired customers. If customers are celebrating a birthday party or wedding ceremony at Haidilao, they get a special gift. While dining, the restaurant puts on face-changing and hand-pulled noodles performances.
Customers are given snacks, fruit, mints, and toothpicks after their meal.

## Issues
### Hygiene

On August 25, 2017, hygiene problems were reported by the Legal Evening News. A video of a rat lying on a sink was uploaded to Weibo, a Chinese social media platform. After three and a half hours, Haidilao posted an apology letter about the hygiene issues.
Haidilao indicated that all stores needed to have a “bright kitchen”, meaning that the kitchen is now visible to all customers thanks to the installment of transparent glass and opening up of the space.
The Beijing Municipal Food and Drug Administration had two meetings with the representatives of this Haidilao's hygiene problem and required Haidilao to make rectification to their cleanliness, resulting in the requirement that all stores in Beijing would need to be inspected within one month.

### Price hikes

On March 12, 2020, Haidilao reopened many stores after the COVID-19 situation in mainland China improved. However, customers were shocked by the price hikes; some even stated online that they would not go back to Haidilao again. After customer complaints, a Haidilao representative stated that price increases would be limited to 6%, with each restaurant being able to define their own prices.

### Payouts after teenagers urinate in soup

Teenagers urinated in the hotpot broth at one of Haidilao's Shanghai branches in late February, with management only finding out through social media a few days later.
All diners between 24 February and 8 March received full refunds and cash compensation equivalent to 10 times their bill amount.

## Awards and certifications

Haidilao Hot Pot has won more than ten titles and honors such as “Advanced Enterprise”, “Consumer satisfaction unit” and “Famous Hot Pot” in Sichuan, Shanxi, Henan and other provinces in China. From 2008 to 2012, it won the title of “Top 10 Hot Pot Restaurants” by the public comment website for 5 consecutive years in China. At the same time, it won the honorary title of “Top 100 Chinese Catering Enterprises” for 5 consecutive years. Haidilao became a successful business case of Harvard Business School in 2009. On May 27, 2011, “Haidilao” was awarded “China Famous Brand”. From 2007 to 2018, the hot pot restaurant won the "China Top 100 Catering Companies" for 12 consecutive years. Haidilao won the “Best Hot Pot”, “Outstanding Service,” or “Outstanding Chinese Restaurant of the Year.” prizes in magazines such as Time out and Beijinger in 2018.