OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Dorzolamide

Dorzolamide, sold under the brand name Trusopt among others, is a medication used to treat high pressure inside the eye, including in cases of glaucoma. It is used as an eye drop. Effects begin within three hours and last for at least eight hours. It is also available as the combination dorzolamide/timolol.
Common side effects include eye discomfort, eye redness, taste changes, and blurry vision. Serious side effects include Steven Johnson syndrome. Those allergic to sulfonamides may be allergic to dorzolamide. Use is not recommended in pregnancy or breastfeeding. It is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor and works by decreasing the production of aqueous humor.
Dorzolamide was approved for medical use in the United States in 1994. It is available as a generic medication. In 2022, it was the 201st most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 2 million prescriptions.

## Medical uses

Dorzolamide is used to lower excessive intraocular pressure in open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. This drug is able to cross the cornea, reach the ciliary body of the eye, and produce systemic effects on the carbonic anhydrase enzyme within the eye.

## Side effects

Ocular stinging, burning, itching and bitter taste. It causes shallowing of the anterior chamber and leads to transient myopia. As a second generation carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, dorzolamide avoids systemic effects associated with first generation carbonic anhydrase inhibitors such as acetazolamide, methazolamide, and dichlorphenamide.

## Pharmacodynamics

Dorzolamide lowers intraocular pressure by about 20%. Normally, carbonic anhydrase converts carbonic acid (H$_2$CO$_3$) into bicarbonate (HCO$_3$), releasing a proton (H$^+$) into solution. The H$^+$ is then exchanged for sodium (Na$^+$) ions, which facilitates the production of aqueous humor. By blocking the function of carbonic anhydrase, the Na$^+$/H$^+$ exchange is unable to occur, which leads to a decrease in Na$^+$ in the cell and prevents aqueous humor production.

## History

Dorzolamide, developed by Merck, was the first medication in human therapy (market introduction 1995) that resulted from structure-based drug design. It was developed to circumvent the systemic side effects of acetazolamide which has to be taken orally.
# Riverton, Kansas

Riverton is a census-designated place (CDP) in Cherokee County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 771. It is located at the junction of K-66 (former U.S. Route 66) and U.S. Route 69 Alternate and U.S. Route 400, near the Spring River. It is one of only three communities in Kansas along former U.S. Route 66.

## History

The first post office in Riverton was established in 1919.

## Geography

Riverton is located in southeastern Cherokee County near the southeastern corner of Kansas. Along K-66, Galena, Kansas, is 3.5 miles (5.6 km) to the east, and Joplin, Missouri, is 10 miles (16 km) to the east. Pittsburg, Kansas, is 23 miles (37 km) to the north via US 400 and US 69. Baxter Springs, Kansas, is 4.5 miles (7.2 km) to the southwest, and Miami, Oklahoma, is 20 miles (32 km) to the southwest via US 69A.
The eastern and southern edges of the CDP ars formed by the Spring River, which flows south to the Neosho River in Oklahoma. The CDP of Lowell is to the south across the Spring River.

## Area attractions

The famous Rainbow Bridge, about 2 miles (3 km) west of town, was the site where in the year 2000, musician Brad Paisley performed the song "(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66" for the TLC special "Route 66: Main Street America".
The Eisler Brothers Country Store in Riverton was one of the stops on Pixar's US 66 research trips for the 2006 film Cars. The filmmakers met with Dean Walker, then president of the Kansas Route 66 Association, who is known to twist his feet backwards 180° and walk in reverse. He became one of many inspirations for the Mater character, a rusty old tow truck who teaches NASCAR rookie Lightning McQueen to drive in reverse.
The original boom truck is currently based at a restored Kan-O-Tex Service Station in nearby Galena.

## Education

The community is served by Riverton USD 404 public school district.

## Gallery

* Eisler Brothers Country Store in Riverton, mentioned in the credits for the movie Cars
* Rainbow Bridge near Riverton, 2008
# Ziger

Ziger (German), Sérac (French) or Ricotta (Italian), is a group of fresh cheeses produced in Switzerland. Ziger is nationally widespread as it is the by-product of the manufacture of hard Swiss-type cheeses, such as Gruyère and Emmental. Made of whey, it is rich in proteins and it is historically a staple food in the Alpine regions.

## History

Ricotta production has been documented in Italy back to the Bronze age. The name "ricotta" ("boiled again") refers to the use of whey that remains after the production of cheese; the whey is acidified and boiled again and the proteins still contained in the whey (lactoglobulins; casein is no longer there) coagulate and precipitate as curds. The French term sérac or séré is mentioned among other cheeses in a Gruyère document dating from 1312. In Valais, it is mentioned in a document from 1437. This appellation, however, might have been associated with another type of fresh cheese which was not a by-product but a domestically made cheese. The Schabziger, from Glarus, is an example of such fresh cheese. Ziger, as a peasant staple food produced from whey, appears in literature from the Renaissance. Several writings from the 18th and 19th centuries also shows that, at that time, Ziger was close to what we know today. From the 20th century, the consumption of Ziger declined owing to an increase in purchasing power. Today its production is very small compared to other Swiss cheeses.
In Ticino, Ziger is known as Ricotta, Mascarpa or Zigra, and it has been produced there at least since the late Middle Ages (but, as written above, ricotta was produced in Italy since the bronze age). In the Val Bedretto (Leventina), eating lunch is called züfé, literally "eating fresh ricotta", an expression that indicates the monotony of the diet of the mountain dwellers in the past.

## Production

It takes about 40 liters of milk to produce one kilogram of Ziger. Today whey is obtained after curdling the milk using rennet and selected lactic acid bacteria. It is then heated to around 90 °C. The precipitation of whey proteins is obtained by lowering the pH, or by adding acid (lactic, acetic or citric). The solid parts are then collected using a strainer and poured into pierced molds in which the product will be left to drain and, therefore, to firm up. The product is ready to be sold the following day.
* Traditional artisanal manufacture of Ziger at Ballenberg museum. The whey is first heated to 90°C.
* After acetic acid is added, cheese curds form and are removed with a wooden pail.
* The curds are poured into pierced molds.
* They are then slightly compressed and left alone for about a day, after which the cheese is ready to be eaten.

## Use

Since Ziger has little taste, it is generally sprinkled with salt and pepper, whether it is eaten fresh or fried. It is also used in bakery, notably for Zigerkrapfen, which are fritters filled with a sweet and flavored Ziger filling. These are made since the 18th century and are particularly popular in central Switzerland.
# Prince E. Rouse

Prince Earl Rouse, Jr. (October 12, 1917 – August 10, 2003) was an American physical chemist. He received his PhD from the University of Illinois in 1941.
Rouse is most famous for a 1953 publication in which he introduced what is now known as the Rouse model of polymer dynamics. He was awarded the Bingham Medal in 1966 by the Society of Rheology.
# HyperVerse

HyperVerse is a defunct cryptocurrency hedge fund (formerly HyperNation, then Hyperfund, then Hyperverse in 2021). The collapse of the company resulted in approximately $1.3 billion in customer losses.
In January 2024, it was found that the man named as executive director of HyperVerse, Steven Reece Lewis, never existed. The company created content for investors stating that Reece Lewis graduated from the University of Leeds and the University of Cambridge, that he worked at Goldman Sachs, along with other notable experiences.
At the end of January 2024, the District Court of Maryland in the U.S. charged the Australian entrepreneur Sam Lee, chairman of HyperTech, the company that operated HyperVerse, with conspiracy to commit fraud.
# Jeferson Elías

Jeferson Elías Braga Montimor (born 12 January 1998), simply known as Jeferson, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Thai League 2 team Chanthaburi.

## Club career

During his youth career, Jeferson played for Atlético Mineiro before being released. He then played for low-tier clubs in Brazil such as Democrata, Patrocinense and Trabalhadore.
In January 2023, Jeferson joined Vietnamese side Viettel and signed his first professional contract there. In his only season with the club, he scored 2 goals in the Vietnamese Cup games but failed to net any goal in the V.League 1 and was therefore released at the end of the season.
On 2 November 2023, Jeferson signed for V.League 1 fellow Hanoi Police. On 12 May 2024, he scored his first hat-trick at professional level to help his team win 3–1 against Khánh Hòa in a league game.
On 8 September 2024, Jeferson moved to Hoang Anh Gia Lai.
On 4 January 2025, Jeferson was transferred to Thai League 2 side Chanthaburi.

## Career statistics

    As of match played 4 January 2025
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Viettel | 2023 | V.League 1 | 13 | 0 | 3 | 2 | — | — | 16 | 2 |
| Hanoi Police | 2023–24 | V.League 1 | 23 | 13 | 2 | 1 | — | — | 25 | 14 |
| Hoang Anh Gia Lai | 2024–25 | V.League 1 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 7 | 0 |
| Total | Total | Total | 43 | 13 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 48 | 16 |
# Fraser Elliott

Roy Fraser Elliott CM QC (25 November 1921 – 26 January 2005) was a Canadian lawyer, supporter of the arts, and philanthropist.

## Early life and education

Elliott was born in Ottawa, Ontario, a son to Colin Fraser Elliott (at one time, the Deputy Minister of Finance of Canada) and Marjorie Sypher. His younger sister, Marjorie Elliott Sypher, served as the First Lady of Costa Rica from 1974 to 1978.
He earned a Bachelor of Commerce degree in 1943 from Queen's University, a Bachelor of Laws (LLB) degree from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1946, and a Master of Business Administration degree from the Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration in 1947. He was called to the Ontario Bar in 1946 and the Quebec Bar in 1948.

## Career and other activities

He founded the law firm of Stikeman Elliott, specializing in tax and corporate law, with H. Heward Stikeman in 1952. Stikeman Elliott became and remains one of the largest and most successful law firms in Canada. Fraser convinced the former premier of Ontario, John Robarts, to join the law firm's small Toronto office instead of joining one of several major firms that were wooing him.
He was once chairman of the board, the largest shareholder, and had been a director since 1951 of CAE Industries Ltd. He also served on the boards of Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce, Larfarge Corp., Montreal Shipping Inc. and Standard Broadcasting Corp. Ltd.
He was president of the Art Gallery of Ontario and served on the boards of directors of the Toronto Symphony Orchestra and the Canadian Opera Company. He was Chairman Emeritus of the Toronto General and Western Hospital Foundation. In 1980, he was made a Member of the Order of Canada.
In 2001, CAE donated $1,000,000 for the creation of the R. Fraser Elliott Scholarship and Laboratory Program at the École Polytechnique and the Université de Montréal. The Canadian Opera Company's R. Fraser Elliott Hall and the Toronto General Hospital's R. Fraser Elliot Wing are named in his honour.

## Family

He married Elizabeth Ann (Betty-Ann) McNicoll in 1955. They had six children: Fraser; Ann; Allison; Adrian; Jordan; and Alexandra, and, later, 15 grandchildren: Robin, Fraser, Robert, Judith, Virginia, Patrick, Andrew, Sara-Nicole, Elizabeth-Rose, Samantha, Margaret, Charles, Ann, Elizabeth-Ann, Jordan, .
# Perkele

Perkele (pronounced ) is a Finnish word meaning 'evil spirit' and a popular Finnish profanity, used similarly to the English phrase God damn, although it is considered much more profane. It is most likely the most internationally known Finnish curse word.

## Etymology

The name is of Indo-European origin; Perkwunos is the reconstructed name of the god of thunder.
Some researchers consider Perkele to be an original name of the thunder god Ukko, the chief god of the Finnish pagan pantheon, but this view is not shared by all researchers. There are related words in other Finnic languages: in Estonian, põrgu means hell, in Karelian perkeleh means an evil spirit.

### Influence of Christianity

As Finland was Christianized, the ancient pre-Christian deities came to be regarded as demons. This led to the use of "Perkele" as a translation for "Devil" in the Finnish translation of the Bible. Later, in other translations, the word was rendered as paholainen (the evil one).
# 9News Nigeria

9News Nigeria is an online news media organization based in Nigeria, a subsidiary of Nine Communications Nigeria Limited. The platform provides coverage on topics including politics, business, entertainment, sports and global affairs.

## History

9News Nigeria was founded in 2016 by Obinna Sunday Ejianya, a Nigerian based in Australia. The organization operates news bureaus in several states and geopolitical zone across Nigeria, including Anambra, Delta, Edo, Osun, Kwara, Lagos, Rivers, and the Federal Capital Territory Abuja, as well as in the South-East, South-South, South-West, North-Central regions. It employs over 50 news editors and reporters both in Nigeria and internationally.
In 2021, 9News Nigeria conducted an online poll ahead of the Anambra state governorship elections, which were ultimately won by Valentine Chineto Ozigbo of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP).
# Georg Vinogradov

Georg Vinogradov (18 April 1915 – 12 January 2011) was a Russian-born Estonian basketball player.
Vinogradov was born in the town of Pavlovsk near Saint Petersburg, then capital city of Russia. After emigrating with his family to Estonia, Vinogradov attended schools in Tallinn; he graduated from the Russian Gymnasium in 1933, Russia. After emigrating with his family to Estonia, Vinogradov attended schools in Tallinn. He graduated from the Russian Gymnasium in 1933, then enrolled at the University of Tartu in 1935 to study economics. He began playing basketball under coaches Alexei Selenoi and Herbert Niiler. He competed mainly on the Russ and ÜENÜTO teams, and from 1936 until 1939, on the Estonia men's national basketball team. He was a member of the Estonian team at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin but did not play in any games.
Vinogradov won 5th place at the European Basketball Championship in 1939, won a silver medal and bronze medal in 1937 at the World Student Games, and silver medal in volleyball in 1939. He was a member of the board of the Estonian Handball Association in 1944.
During World War II, Vinogradov escaped the 1944 Soviet invasion of Estonia and became a refugee in Sweden. In 1949, he moved on to Canada, and later settled there permanently. He died in Montreal, Canada in 2011, aged 95. He is buried in Mount Royal Cemetery in Montreal.
# Mars Aerial and Ground Global Intelligent Explorer

Mars Aerial and Ground Global Intelligent Explorer or MAGGIE is a proposed compact, autonomous, fixed wing, vertical take-off/landing (VTOL), electric aircraft powered by solar energy. It is designed to operate on Mars. Range with a fully charged battery would be 179 kilometres (111 mi) at an altitude of 1,000 meters. The aircraft features solar cells on its wings and fuselage. The total range per Martian year would be 16,048 kilometres (9,972 mi) – more than twice the circumference of Mars. Mars' atmosphere density is 6.35 mbar, 160x thinner than Earth's atmosphere at 1013.2 mbar. During the southern winter, the global atmospheric pressure on Mars is 25% lower than during summer, because some atmospheric CO$_2$ freezes on the Martian polar ice caps. MAGGIE has a cruise lift coefficient CL of 3.5, nearly an order of magnitude higher than conventional subsonic aircraft, to overcome the low density of the Martian atmosphere. MAGGIE's cruise Mach number is 0.25. Mach speed on Mars is 546.4 miles per hour (879.3 km/h) at "sea level", so cruising speed would be around 130 miles per hour (210 km/h) at elevation.
In January 2024, MAGGIE was one of thirteen proposals approved for Phase 1 funding by the NIAC.

## Missions

* Study Martian core dynamo origin and timing from the weak magnetic fields found in the large impact basins.
* Investigate the source of methane signals detected by the Tunable Laser Spectrometer on the Mars Science Laboratory in Gale crater.
* Map subsurface water ice at high resolution in the mid-latitudes.
# Ecru, Mississippi

Ecru is a town in Pontotoc County, Mississippi. The population was 895 at the 2010 census. Ecru is home to the largest upholstered furniture plant in the world which manufactures Ashley Furniture.

## History

Ecru was established by Colonel William Clark Falkner, a prominent post-Civil War businessman. The name of the town comes from the color of its first railroad depot.

## Geography

Ecru is located in northern Pontotoc County along Mississippi Highway 15, with the older parts of town stretching eastward along Mississippi Highway 345. The Ashley Furniture plant lies in the southwestern part of town along Mississippi Highway 346. MS 15 connects Ecru to Interstate 22 and New Albany to the north, and Pontotoc to the south. The Little Tallahatchie River, a tributary of the Tallahatchie River, flows through southern Ecru. A rail trail, the Tanglefoot Trail, passes through the town.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 4.1 square miles (11 km$^2$), of which 4.1 square miles (11 km$^2$) is land and 0.24% is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 947 people, 374 households, and 259 families residing in the town. The population density was 231.3 inhabitants per square mile (89.3/km$^2$). There were 411 housing units at an average density of 100.4 per square mile (38.8/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the town was 82.37% White, 14.36% African American, 0.32% Native American, 1.80% from other races, and 1.16% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.64% of the population.
There were 374 households, out of which 32.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.3% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.5% were non-families. 28.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.05.
In the town, the population was spread out, with 24.9% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 17.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.6 males.
The median income for a household in the town was $30,815, and the median income for a family was $38,571. Males had a median income of $27,961 versus $20,263 for females. The per capita income for the town was $15,447. About 6.5% of families and 11.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.4% of those under age 18 and 21.8% of those age 65 or over.

## Education

The town of Ecru is served by the Pontotoc County School District.

## Notable person

* W. Kenneth Holditch, English professor and Tennessee Williams scholar
# Aparna Lanjewar Bose

Aparna Lanjewar Bose is an Indian trilingual writer, poet, critic, and translator. She is currently working in The English and Foreign Languages University, Hyderabad as an Associate Professor, at the School of Literary Studies. She is an author of several books and articles in Marathi and English.

## Education

Bose did her bachelor's degree in English literature and master's degree in English from University of Nagpur. She also did her PhD from University of Nagpur. She also holds an LLB from Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Law College, Nagpur.

## Career

She taught at the University of Nagpur (1995–2001), the PGTD of English, Mumbai University (2001–2010) before joining English and Foreign Languages University, Hyderabad, in 2010. She is currently Professor in the School of Literary Studies.

## Writings

Besides publishing several articles, papers, reviews, poems and translations in journals, anthologies and books, she published 2 books of poetry, titled In the Days of Cages and Kuch Yu Bhi (Nagpur: Sanket Prakashan, 2008) A book of Poetry translations, titled Red Slogans on the Green Grass (Pune: Scion Publication, 2009), besides compiling and editing two books on Marathi short stories and poetry respectively titled Pakshin Ani Chakravyuh (Pune : Sugava Prakashan, 2014) and Wadal Uthanaar Aahey ( Mumbai: Lokwangmay Gruh, 2018). She has edited & introduced a collection of critical essays titled Writing Gender Writings Self: Memory, Memoir and Autobiography. Her forthcoming publications include a collection of Marathi Dalit and Tribal women poetry in translations titled Silenced Speak. She was part of the Sahitya Akademi’s writers and scholars’ delegation to the Moscow and Istanbul in 2009.

## Areas and Themes

She specializes in American literature, African American Literature, Revolutionary/ Marginal literatures, Post- Colonial and Contemporary women’s writings. Her areas of interest and research include Comparative Literatures, African Literature, Indian literatures, Translations, Folk literature, Poetry and feminist writings. She has successfully guided 6 scholars to their doctoral awards and continues to mentor both MA and PhD scholars. She has been a resource person in several major national and international platforms both in India and abroad. Her study tours, research and Social activism led her to visit severally countries like Germany, France, England, Switzerland, Sweden, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Thailand, Austria, Southern China, among many others, to speak on both literary, social and women concerns.
# Josh Simmons

Josh Simmons (born December 26, 2002) is an American football offensive tackle. He played college football for the San Diego State Aztecs and Ohio State Buckeyes, winning a national championship with the latter in 2024.

## Early life

Simmons was born on December 26, 2002, in San Diego, California. He initially attended Madison High School before transferring to Helix High School; he was rated a four-star recruit and committed to play college football at San Diego State University for the Aztecs.

## College career
### San Diego State

As a freshman in 2022, Simmons started all 13 games for the Aztecs, playing 799 snaps After the season, he entered the NCAA transfer portal.

### Ohio State

Simmons transferred to the Ohio State University. Ahead of the 2023 season, he earned the starting left tackle role over Tegra Tshabola. On December 4, 2024, Simmons declared for the 2025 NFL draft.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span |
| 6 ft 4+7⁄8 in (1.95 m) | 317 lb (144 kg) | 33 in (0.84 m) | 10 in (0.25 m) |
| All values from NFL Combine ||||