OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sublette, Illinois

Sublette is a village in Lee County, Illinois, United States. The population was 449 at the 2010 census.

## History

The earliest references to Sublette as a town are from plat maps dating to the 1850s. At this point in time, Sublette was known as "Hanno" (named for Hanau, Prussia). It was a small cluster of houses just north of the settlement at Knox Grove.
In 1854, the Illinois Central Railroad built a line through Hanno and constructed a depot there for passenger and freight services. A plat map from the following year lists the town's name as being "Soublette" or the "Town of Soublett". The town name was officially changed to "Sublette" by an act of the state legislature in 1857. The name is unaffiliated with the town being sublet from the railroad; it likely traces back to an Americanized spelling of the French surname Soblet.

## Geography

Sublette is located in southern Lee County at 41°38′35″N 89°13′50″W﻿ / ﻿41.64306°N 89.23056°W﻿ / 41.64306; -89.23056 (41.643141, -89.230460). U.S. Route 52 passes through the village as North Pennsylvania Avenue. US 52 leads northwest 7 miles (11 km) to Amboy and southeast 9 miles (14 km) to Mendota. Dixon, the Lee county seat, is 20 miles (32 km) northwest of Sublette via US 52.
Woodhaven Lakes, a private camping resort, is 3 miles (5 km) northwest of Sublette.
According to the 2010 census, Sublette has a total area of 0.35 square miles (0.91 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 456 people, 189 households, and 127 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,303.5 inhabitants per square mile (503.3/km$^2$). There were 203 housing units at an average density of 580.3 per square mile (224.1/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 97.81% White, 0.88% African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.88% from other races, and 0.22% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.82% of the population.
There were 189 households, out of which 30.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.6% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.8% were non-families. 29.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.41 and the average family size was 3.02.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 24.3% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 16.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.7 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $43,393, and the median income for a family was $51,250. Males had a median income of $40,368 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the village was $22,982. About 2.4% of families and 4.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including none of those under age 18 and 4.2% of those age 65 or over.
# REME Museum

The REME Museum, also known as the Corps of Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers Museum, is a military museum of the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers (REME) – the corps of the British Army responsible for the maintenance, servicing, inspection, and recovery of electrical and mechanical vehicles and equipment. The museum holds collections of technological and historical artefacts associated with the work of the Corps of Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers.
The museum is within the MoD Lyneham site, near Lyneham in Wiltshire, England, about 9 miles (14 kilometres) south-west of Swindon.

## History

The REME Museum started in 1958 in Arborfield, Berkshire, in two rooms of Moat House, the former commander's accommodation of the Arborfield Army Remount Service Depot. Over time, the museum moved to a neighbouring building and expanded to allow more objects and vehicles to be displayed.
In April 2015, the museum closed in preparation for the relocation of the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers from Berkshire to MoD Lyneham in Wiltshire, as part of the Defence Technical Training Change Programme. The former Royal Air Force Officers' Mess of RAF Lyneham was modified to provide a new home for the museum, which allowed a complete refresh of the displays and layout. The new museum opened to the public in June 2017.

## Collection

The following British Army military vehicles are on display:

### Aircraft

* BAE Phoenix UAV
* Westland Scout

### Land vehicles

* Scammell Pioneer
* FV434 Armoured Repair Vehicle
* Sherman Beach Armoured Recovery Vehicle (BARV)
* Challenger Armoured Repair and Recovery Vehicle (CRARRV)
* FV106 Samson ARV
* International Half Track
* Morris Commercial
* Churchill Tank ARV
* Western Star
* Snow Trac
The museum is also the home to an extensive collection of military records. The museum building has a shop and a large café. An education suite with museum-led workshops is made available to schools and families. There are conferencing facilities and a reading room for researchers.
# Christopher Hatton (died 1619)

Sir Christopher Hatton KB (5 March 1581 – 10 September 1619) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1601 and 1614. He was also an active patron of the arts, supporting composers such as Tobias Hume and Orlando Gibbons.

## Early life

Hatton was the eldest son of John Hatton of Longstanton, Cambridgeshire and his wife, Jane Shute, daughter of Robert Shute. His father's first cousin was Sir Christopher Hatton (1540-1591), Queen Elizabeth I's favourite. Sir Christopher Hatton was also his godfather and namesake, and following the death of the elder Sir Christopher's nephew and heir (Sir William "Newport" Hatton), he succeeded to his estates in 1597. He was made a royal ward in 1599. He was educated at Cambridge by 1599.
His older brother was Sir Thomas Hatton, 1st Baronet, ancestors of the Hatton Baronets of Longstanton.

## Career

In 1601, Hatton was elected Member of Parliament for Buckingham.
Hatton married Alice Fanshawe, daughter of Thomas Fanshawe of Ware Park, Hertfordshire on 13 March 1602.
Hatton received the favour of James I. He was knighted with the Order of the Bath in 1603. In 1606 he was elected MP for Bedford replacing Humphrey Winch who became a judge. In 1614 Hatton was elected MP for Huntingdon.
In 1616 Hatton's brother-in-law Henry Fanshawe died. The post of remembrancer of the exchequer, which effectively belonged to the Fanshawe family, became vacant. Hatton succeeded his brother-in-law on a temporary basis (the remembrancership was held in trust for Fanshawe's son Thomas), which lasted for the rest of his life. Hatton also became joint steward of the manor of Barking in 1616.
Hatton died intestate aged 38 in 1619 and was buried in Westminster Abbey. He had at least one son and daughter and was succeeded by his son Christopher Hatton, 1st Baron Hatton who became Baron Hatton of Kirby.

## Patronage of the arts

Hatton was a patron of the composer Tobias Hume, who dedicated his Poeticall Musicke to him. He was also a patron and friend of Orlando Gibbons who dedicated his First Set of Madrigals and Motets, which in included one of the most famous English madrigals: The Silver Swan. Gibbons stated in his dedication that:
   [The songs] were most of them composed in your owne house, and doe therefore properly belong unto you, as Lord of the Soile; the language they speake you provided them, I onely furnished them with Tongues to utter the same name.
This quote has been interpreted in suggesting that Hatton was responsible for some of the texts in the set, but there is no decisive evidence to support this. It is also unlikely that Gibbons was a resident of Hatton's household, though it is possible that their friendship led to Hatton setting a room aside for him to compose. Gibbons' children, Christopher and Alice were likely the namesakes of Hatton and his wife respectively.
# Hannah Cloke

Hannah Louise Cloke OBE is a British hydrologist who is Professor of Hydrology at the University of Reading. She was awarded the European Geosciences Union Plinius Medal in 2018 and appointed Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 2019 Birthday Honours.

## Early life and education

Cloke's father was a geography teacher and her uncle is a professor of human geography. She studied geography at the University of Bristol where she earned her bachelor's degree in 1999 and a PhD in 2003. Cloke worked at the Joint Research Centre on the European Flood Awareness System.

## Research and career

Cloke joined the Department of Geography at King's College London. She was part of the Europeanizing Flood Forecasting program, which looked at flood forecasting and management in the European Union.
She joined the University of Reading in 2012, where she is a professor of hydrology. Cloke co-directs the Water@Reading group, which concentrates on water science, policy and societal impacts. She is the Director of the Natural Environment Research Council programme Flooding from Intense Rainfall. She is interested in flood forecasting and risk management, leading the project TENDERLY (Towards END-to End flood forecasting and a tool for ReaL-time catchment susceptibilitY). She works with the Met Office, Environmental Agency and the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). Cloke's Global Flood Awareness System is a partnership between the European Commission and the ECMWF, and provides hydrological monitoring and forecasting that is independent of political boundaries. She was also involved with the Natural Environment Research Council projects Susceptibility of catchments to INTense RAinfall and flooding (SINATRA) and Improving Predictions of Drought for User Decision-Making (IMPETUS). Since climate change will make flooding more probable, Cloke says that we should start to take precautions to protect homes and livelihoods.
Cloke's research helps policymakers make better decisions about flood preparation. She has discussed the problems with the United Kingdom's flood defence systems. She called for the National Flood Resilience Review to evaluate how flood risks are likely to change in different locations across the United Kingdom. She is supported by the European Commission Horizon 2020 programme. In 2019 Cloke created IMPREXive, a game that allowed players to control flood forecasting during a deluge. The information provided to the players is not always correct; and decisions must be made to keep cities safe.
She has written for The Conversation and The Guardian. She was the guest on The Life Scientific on BBC Radio 4 in October 2021.

## Awards and honours

Her awards and honours include;
* 2013 Natural Environment Research Council Early Career Impact Award
* 2016 Guardian Research Impact Award runner-up
* 2018 European Geosciences Union Plinius Medal
* 2019 Officer of the Order of the British Empire
# Damdad nask

The Damdad nask is one of the lost nasks (volumes) of the Sasanian Avesta. Although no texts in the extant Avesta can be clearly identified as having belonged to it, its content can be reconstructed to some degree from references in later Zoroastrian writings.

## Sources

The nask itself is no longer extant. A short summary of its content is given in the Denkard (8.5), a 9th-10th century compendium of Zoroastrianism. In addition, the Rivayats by Kamah Bahram, Nareman Hoshang and Dastur Barzu Qiyamu-D-Din, a series of epistles from the 15th - 17th century, give a short overview on the content of the Damdad nask.

## Name

MacKenzie provides two possible derivations of the name. First, it may be derived from a hypothetical Avestan *dāmi.dāti, meaning "the creating of the creation". Alternativly, it may be derived from Middle Persian dām dād, meaning "he (Ohrmazd) created the creation". Regardless, the meaning of the name has been connectd to the meaning of the name of the Chihrdad nask.

## In the Sasanian Avesta

The Sasanian Avesta was organized into 21 nasks, i.e., volumes, which were grouped into 3 divisions; the Gāhānīg (Gathic nasks), Hada Mānsrīg (manthras connected with the ritual), and Dādīg (legal nasks). Within this scheme, the Damdad nask was part of the ritual nasks and its content has been described as concerning matters of Zoroastrian cosmogony and eschatology.
   Amid the Damdad are particulars about the maintenance of action and the production of the beneficial creatures. First, as to the spiritual existence, and how much and how is the maintenance in the spiritual existence; and the production of the worldly existence therefrom, qualified and constructed for descending (fitodano) into the combat with the destroyer, and accomplishing the associated necessity for the end and circumvention (garang) of destructiveness.
According to the Denkard, the Damdad nask was the fourth of the nasks of the Sasanian Avesta. However, the Rivayats place it as the fifth. They also state that it consisted of 32 chapters. According to the estimate by Edward William West, the Damdad nask consisted of ca. 8,900 words of Avestan text, accompanied by ca. 29,300 words of commentary in Middle Persian.
# Apas Jumagulov

Apas Jumagulovich Jumagulov (Kyrgyz: Апас Жумагул уулу Жумагулов; born 19 September 1934) served as the Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan from 14 December 1993 to 24 March 1998.
He studied geology and mineralogy at the Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas in Moscow and began his political career in the Communist Party of the Kyrgyz SSR in 1973, becoming a Secretary in the Central Committee of the Party in 1979 and President of Council of Ministers of Kyrgyz SSR in 1986. Jumagulov and Absamat Masaliyev were the two original candidates for the Kyrgyz Presidency on 25 October 1990, but neither could get the majority of votes, so the Republic's Supreme Soviet chose Askar Akayev to be the first President on 27 October 1990. Jumagulov served as the ambassador to Germany from 1998 to 2003, and to Russia from 2005 to 2007.
# Vinko Pandurević

Vinko Pandurević (born 25 June 1959, Sokolac, Bosnia and Herzegovina) is a Serb former commanding officer of the Zvornik Brigade during the Bosnian War.
He was put on trial for war crimes at International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia in the Hague.
Pandurević's defense lawyer argued he had "no effective control" of his brigade during the time when the atrocities occurred. However, on the basis of individual criminal responsibility (Article 7(1) of the Statute of the Tribunal), he was found guilty of aiding and abetting crimes against humanity and violations of the laws or customs of war. He was sentenced to 13 years' imprisonment, and granted early release on 9 April 2015.
# E. C. Matthews

Elbert Clark Matthews (born October 3, 1995) is an American professional basketball player who plays for Sheffield Sharks of the Super League Basketball (SLB). He played college basketball for the Rhode Island Rams where he was a Second-team All-Atlantic 10 in 2015.

## High school career

He was born in Detroit, Michigan and attended Romulus High School where he played for head coach Nate Oats. As a senior, Matthews averaged 17.5 points, 7.2 rebounds, and 2.5 assists per game and led Romulus to a state title. He was a 4 star recruit who committed to Rhode Island.

## College career

As a freshman, Matthews averaged 14.3 points per game and was named A-10 rookie of the year. He increased his points production to 16.9 per game as a sophomore and led Rhode Island to the NIT. He was named to the Second Team All-Atlantic 10. In his junior season, he suffered a season-ending injury to his right knee in the first game. He credits the injury for teaching him how to live in the moment.
As a redshirt junior, he was named to the Third Team All-Atlantic 10. Matthews averaged 14.9 points and 4.3 rebounds per game and was Most Outstanding Player of the A-10 tournament after leading Rhode Island to a title. In November 2017, he fractured his wrist and missed several games. He repeated on the Third Team All-Atlantic 10 as a senior. He led the Rams to an NCAA Tournament appearance and averaged 13.1 points per game. Matthews scored 23 points in his season-ending loss to Duke in the NCAA Tournament.

## Professional career

Matthews signed his first professional contract with Kouvot of the Korisliiga. On October 26, 2019, Matthews was selected 16th overall by the Erie BayHawks in the 2019 NBA G League Draft. He was the only BayHawks draftee to make the team. Matthews averaged 3.7 points, 1.5 rebounds and one assist per game in 15 games. He was waived on January 2, 2020. On January 6, 2020, Matthews signed with the Raptors 905. He was waived on January 16 after appearing in two games.
On June 18, 2020, Matthews signed with Oliveirense of the Liga Portuguesa de Basquetebol (LPB).
In October 2021, Matthews signed with Grindavík of the Úrvalsdeild karla. On 25 March 2022, Matthews scored a game winning three pointer at the buzzer against Stjarnan.
On May 8, 2022, Matthews was announced by the Angolan club Petro de Luanda to join the team for the 2022 BAL Playoffs.
On October 21, 2022, Matthews signed with KR, replacing Michael Mallory. On January 2, 2023, it was announced he would leave the team following its game against Grindavík on 5 January.
# Neapolitan pizza

Neapolitan pizza (Italian: pizza napoletana; Neapolitan: pizza napulitana) is the version of the round pizza typically prepared in the Italian city of Naples and characterised by a soft, thin dough with high edges. The tomatoes are traditionally either San Marzano tomatoes or pomodorini del Piennolo del Vesuvio, which grow on the volcanic plains to the south of Mount Vesuvius, and the cheese is traditionally mozzarella di bufala campana or fior di latte di Agerola. Pizza napoletana is a traditional speciality guaranteed (TSG) product in the European Union and the United Kingdom, and the art of its making (arte del pizzaiolo napoletano) is included on UNESCO's list of intangible cultural heritage.

## Recipe

According to the rules proposed by the Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana (AVPN), the genuine Neapolitan pizza dough consists of wheat flour, natural Neapolitan yeast or brewer's yeast, salt, and water. The dough is always fat-free and sugar-free. The regulations specify that the dough must be made primarily from a medium-strength (W value of 250–320; 11–13.5% protein), finely ground wheat flour, with no more than 20% of the flour being strong flour (W value above 350). Since the end of World War II in Italy, when strong flour was imported from Canada as part of the Marshall Plan, this strong flour has been called Manitoba flour.
The dough must be kneaded by hand or with a low-speed mixer. After the rising process, it must be formed by hand without the help of a rolling pin or other machine, and may be no more than 3 millimeters (0.12 in) thick. The pizza must be baked for 60–90 seconds in a 485 °C (905 °F) wood-fired oven. When cooked, it should be soft, elastic, tender, and fragrant.

## UNI and traditional speciality guaranteed

   Italian: (La "Verace Pizza Napoletana" (vera pizza napoletana) va consumata appena sfornata; qualora non sia consumata nel locale di produzione non può essere congelata o surgelata o posta sottovuoto per una successiva vendita.)
   (The "Verace Pizza Napoletana" (true Neapolitan pizza) should be eaten as soon as it comes out of the oven; if it is not consumed in the production room it cannot be frozen or deep-frozen or vacuum-packed for subsequent sale.)
Neapolitan pizza has a protected status granted by the Italian Standardization Body administered by the Associazione Verace Pizza Napoletana (AVPN). A protected designation is available to pizzerias that meet strict requirements in following Neapolitan traditions in the art of pizza making.
The European Union has recognised pizza napoletana as a traditional speciality guaranteed since 5 February 2010. The TSG certification attests that a particular food product objectively possesses specific characteristics which differentiate it from all others in its category, and that its raw materials, composition or method of production have been consistent for a minimum of 30 years.
# PERSIANN

PERSIANN, "Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks", is a satellite-based precipitation retrieval algorithm that provides near real-time rainfall information. The algorithm uses infrared (IR) satellite data from global geosynchronous satellites as the primary source of precipitation information. Precipitation from IR images is based on statistical relationship between cloud top temperature and precipitation rates. The IR-based precipitation estimates are then calibrated using satellite microwave data available from low Earth orbit satellites (e.g., Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission Microwave Imager, Special Sensor Microwave Imager, Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer‐Earth observing system). The calibration technique relies on an adaptive training algorithm that updates the retrieval parameters when microwave observations become available (approximately at 3 hours intervals).
The PERSIANN satellite precipitation data sets have been validated with ground-based observations and other satellite data products. The PERSIANN data has been used in a wide variety of studies including hydrologic modeling, drought monitoring, soil moisture analysis, and flood forecasting. The PERSIANN data are freely available to the public.