OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Venedy, Illinois

Venedy is a village in Washington County, Illinois, United States. The population was 138 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

Venedy is located at 38°23′45″N 89°38′45″W﻿ / ﻿38.39583°N 89.64583°W﻿ / 38.39583; -89.64583 (38.395936, -89.645959).
According to the 2010 census, Venedy has a total area of 0.29 square miles (0.75 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 137 people, 54 households, and 40 families residing in the village. The population density was 479.1 inhabitants per square mile (185.0/km$^2$). There were 60 housing units at an average density of 209.8 per square mile (81.0/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 98.54% White, and 1.46% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.65% of the population.
There were 54 households, out of which 38.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 68.5% were married couples living together, 5.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.1% were non-families. 24.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.00.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 25.5% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 29.9% from 25 to 44, 23.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.0 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $41,389, and the median income for a family was $42,222. Males had a median income of $30,000 versus $26,667 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,061. There were 2.6% of families and 4.5% of the population living below the poverty line, including 9.7% of under eighteens and none of those over 64.
# Cisne, Illinois

Cisne is a village in Wayne County, Illinois, United States. The population was 672 at the 2010 census.

## History

Cisne was named in 1870 in honor of Levi Cisne on the suggestion of Charles A. Beecher, who was influential in building the railroad and the station around which the village of Cisne grew.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, Cisne has a total area of 0.63 square miles (1.63 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 673 people, 291 households, and 185 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,054.8 inhabitants per square mile (407.3/km$^2$). There were 325 housing units at an average density of 509.4 units per square mile (196.7 units/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 98.81% White, 0.30% African American, 0.30% Asian, and 0.59% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.59% of the population.
There were 291 households, out of which 26.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.5% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.4% were non-families. 34.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 22.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.22 and the average family size was 2.78.
In the village, the age distribution of the population shows 21.8% under the age of 18, 9.8% from 18 to 24, 22.6% from 25 to 44, 18.3% from 45 to 64, and 27.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 76.5 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $26,172, and the median income for a family was $34,286. Males had a median income of $26,635 versus $25,234 for females. The per capita income for the village was $14,044. About 12.4% of families and 15.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.5% of those under age 18 and 22.4% of those age 65 or over.

## Notable people

* A. T. Hill, Nebraska car salesman and Nebraska State Historical Society archaeologist; born in Cisne
* Bill Trotter, pitcher for the St. Louis Browns, Washington Senators and St. Louis Cardinals; born in Cisne
# You Belong in Rock n' Roll

"You Belong in Rock n' Roll" is a song by Anglo-American hard rock band Tin Machine, released ahead of their second album in August 1991. The song was the band’s first release on Victory Records, which was distributed by London Records in the UK.

## Background and recording

Recorded in 1989 after Tin Machine's first tour, the song spent a year in mixing and overdubs by guitarist Reeves Gabrels, who was inspired by Nine Inch Nails' album Pretty Hate Machine (1989), saying that "You Belong in Rock n' Roll" started basically "as a bass song. I wanted to lay in some industrial stuff against it." Gabrels tried using an electric razor to influence the sound of his guitar for the song, but ended up instead using a vibrator that he bought from a local sex store.
The single was launched with a barrage of publicity, including appearances on Top of the Pops, where Gabrels chose to play his guitar with a chocolate éclair, and Wogan, where the band again mimed, and this time Gabrels played his guitar with the vibrator, and lead vocalist David Bowie visibly tired of the host’s patter. The single peaked at UK No. 33 – a disappointment, but it would be Tin Machine’s biggest hit single.

## Track listing
### 7" version

* "You Belong in Rock 'n' Roll" (Bowie, Gabrels) – 3:33
* "Amlapura" (Indonesian version) (Bowie, Gabrels) – 3:49

### 12"/CD version 1

* "You Belong in Rock n' Roll" (Extended version) (Bowie, Gabrels) – 6:32
* "You Belong in Rock n' Roll" (LP version) (Bowie, Gabrels) – 4:07
* "Amlapura" (Indonesian version) (Bowie, Gabrels) – 3:49
* "Shakin' All Over" (Live) (Kidd) – 2:49

### CD version 2

* "You Belong in Rock n' Roll" (Bowie, Gabrels) – 3:33
* "Amlapura" (Indonesian version) (Bowie, Gabrels) – 3:49
* "Stateside" (H. Sales) – 5:38
* "Hammerhead" (Bowie, H. Sales) – 3:15

## Credits and personnel

Producers
* Tin Machine
* Tim Palmer
Musicians
* David Bowie – vocals, guitar, saxophone
* Reeves Gabrels – lead guitar
* Hunt Sales – drums, vocals
* Tony Sales – bass, vocals
* Kevin Armstrong – rhythm guitar

## Live versions

* A live version recorded during the 1991 Tin Machine tour was released on the live album Tin Machine Live: Oy Vey, Baby in 1992.

## Chart performance

| Chart (1991) | Position |
| France (SNEP) | 42 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 51 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 33 |
# Erran Baron Cohen

Erran Boaz Baron Cohen (born May 1968) is an English composer and trumpet player known for collaborations with his younger brother, Sacha Baron Cohen.

## Career

Baron Cohen is a founding member of the world music group Zohar, who are signed to Miles Copeland's Ark 21 label. He wrote the scores to his brother's films Borat, Brüno, The Dictator, and Grimsby, as well as his TV series Da Ali G Show and Who Is America?.
After scoring the Borat movie, Baron Cohen was asked by the Turan Alem Kazakhstan Philharmonic Orchestra to compose a classical piece containing Kazakh influences.

## Film, television, and stage scores

* Borat (2006)
* Brüno (2009)
* The Infidel (2010)
* The Dictator (2012)
* Just Before I Go (2014)
* The Contract (2015)
* Grimsby (2016)
* The Bromley Boys (2019)
* Borat Subsequent Moviefilm (2020)
* The Merchant of Venice 1936, Trafalgar Theatre, London (2025)
# Lucia Lin

Lucia Lin (Chinese: 林思伶; pinyin: Lín Sīlíng) is a Taiwanese academic administrator. She was the Political Deputy Minister of Education from August 2014 until May 2016.

## Education

Lin graduated with her bachelor's and master's degrees from National Taiwan University in 1986 and 1989, respectively. She then completed graduate studies in the United States at Harvard University, where she earned her Master of Education (M.Ed.) degree from the Harvard Graduate School of Education in 1990. She obtained her Ph.D. in instructional design from Florida State University in 1992.

## Early career

Lin has held several positions in Fu Jen Catholic University, such as chair of the Graduate Institute of Education Leadership and Development from 2000 to 2005, vice president of Administrative Affairs from 2006 to 2008, dean of the College of Education in 2011 and vice president of Academic Affairs from 2008 to 2012. She was the president of Wenzao Ursuline University of Languages from 2013 to 2014.
# Willoughby Hamilton

Willoughby Hamilton (born as James Willoughby Hamilton; 9 December 1864 – 27 September 1943) was a co-world No. 1 Irish male tennis player, a footballer and international badminton player.

## Tennis career

Hamilton played his first tournament at the 1884 Irish Championships where he reached the quarter finals stage, before losing to Herbert Knox McKay. His significant major title wins include the Northern Championships (1888, 1889), and the Irish Championships (1889). In the latter tournament he defeated the six-time Wimbledon champion William Renshaw in the all-comers final and then went on to defeat his brother Ernest Renshaw in the challenge round. This made him one of the favorites for the 1889 Wimbledon title but he suffered a five set defeat in the semifinal against Harry S. Barlow.
For the span 1889–90, Hamilton was ranked by many as the best tennis player in the world. Hamilton did not defend his Wimbledon title in the 1891 challenge round. He won the Gentlemen's Singles title at the 1890 Wimbledon Championships, defeating William Renshaw in five sets, and becoming the first Irish player to win the tournament. The previous year, he had won both the Northern Championships and the Irish Championships.
His other career singles titles highlights include winning the Fitzwilliam Club Championships five times (1886–1890), the East of Ireland Championships at Howth four times (1886–1889), the Welsh Championships three times (1888–1890), the West of Ireland Championships three times (1885–1886, 1888), the South of Ireland Championships two times (1885–1886), the County Dublin Championships one time (1887). In 1899 Hamilton played his last tournament at the Netherlands International Championships.
He was given the nickname "The Ghost" due to his pale complexion.

## Grand Slam finals
### Singles (1 title)

| Result | Year | Championship | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| Win | 1890 | Wimbledon | Grass | William Renshaw | 6–8, 6–2, 3–6, 6–1, 6–1 |

## Football career

Hamilton was educated at Trinity College Dublin and he played association football for both Dublin University A.F.C. and for Dublin Association F.C. Hamilton also played for Ireland in an 1885 game against Wales. Among his teammates was his brother William Hamilton.

## Personal

Hamilton was born on 9 December 1864 in Monasterevin, County Kildare, to Alfred Hamilton, a Church of Ireland rector, and Henrietta Cole. Willougby came from a famous sporting playing family. Three brothers all excelled at sports; William Drummond Hamilton represented Ireland at cricket and tennis, Francis Cole Lowry Hamilton played cricket for Ireland and Blayney Hamilton represented Ireland at cricket and badminton. In addition three of his nephews and nieces (Blayney's children) were badminton internationals (Arthur Hamilton, Willoughby Hamilton and Mavis Hamilton). He died in Sydenham House, Dundrum, Dublin, on 27 September 1943 at the age of 78.
# Political Life

Political Life is a diary written by Chinese political scientist Wang Huning. The diary records Wang's personal life, political theory research, book, film and television reviews, and his thoughts on the China, the world, and social issues.

## Content

The book does not include interpretation of official political life that. In the book's preface, Wang said: "The reason why I named it "Political Life" is not to refer to a political experience, but to say that as a political scholar, I have spent most of my time on my professional studies, and this study has occupied most of my life." He wrote in his diary "People living today often say that the our predecessors were incompetent and made China the way it is now. I hope that Chinese people in the future will not say that Chinese people today are incompetent and made China like this. This is my greatest wish."
Wang criticizes corruption in his book and proposes a fight against "super corruption", which he says is both more harmful and incomparable to general corruption activities in scale and nature. He says "super corruption" has two characteristics; one is that it is done with the participation of certain public powers and the other being that it appears in the form of a group rather than an individual. He said the status of law in China had not yet reached that of foreign countries He also wrote that the "government's credibility is depends on fulfilling the government's overall promise to the people it governs"
In the book, Wang commented about his non-political interests, including foreign movies, mystics who claim to have supernatural powers, and his experiences playing Monopoly. He writes that his goal in life is to "write more good books and teach more good students". He also wrote about his habit of reading books late into the night, and included reviews of the books he read, including The Old Regime and the Revolution by Alexis de Tocqueville and The Legend of the Condor Heroes by Jin Yong. He wrote reviews of movies he watched, including Alien, Dangerous Liaisons, In the Name of the Father, and Schindler's List.

## Publication

The book was published by Shanghai People's Press in January 1995.
# Pichangatti

Pichangatti is a broad-bladed knife of the Kodavas of Karnataka, India. The characteristic of the pichangatti is its silver hilt with bulbous-shaped pommel in the shape of a parrot's head. The pichangatti features in the traditional male dress of the Kodavas.This is a weapon used only by kodavas

## Origin

Pichangatti is derived from a Tamil word for "hand knife". Pichangatti was invented by the Kodavas. The Kodava people are indigenous to the southwestern region of India, which corresponds with the modern state of Karnataka. During the colonial period, the British named the region "Coorgi", a corruption of the Kannada word "kodaga" or "kodagu" meaning "hilly, steep". The word refers to the geographical condition of the region.
The Kodavas were known as tough warriors, establishing many wars against the neighboring nations to protect the sovereignty of their land. When the British Empire intervened the region in 1834, a war broke up between the Kodavas and the British. In 1884, a riot broke out near Malappuram. As a result of this incident, the British punished the Kodavas by seizing their weapons, including the pichangatti. It was recorded that "17,295 weapons of which 7,503 were guns" were confiscated by the British colonial administration. Most of these seized weapons were dumped into the sea, while the high-quality examples can still be seen in what is now the Madras Museum.

## Form

Pichangatti has a broad and heavy blade of about 7 inches (18 cm) to 12 inches (30 cm) long. The blade is single-edged, while the hilt ends up in a round bulging base. Pichangatti is heavily decorated, especially on the hilt and on the scabbard. These parts of the pichangatti are usually heavily-decorated in precious metal carvings e.g. brass, silver, gold, or a combination of these; in a very sophisticated design. Probably one of the distinctive features of the pichangatti is the carving of a parrot-head carved on the bulging base of the hilt. An uncut ruby is placed for the parrot's eyes. The hilt is usually inlaid with silver, but they can also be made entirely out of light-colored ivory. A brass or silver chain is attached to the scabbard; the chain carries various utensils e.g. tweezers, nail and ear cleaners, etc.
The scabbard of the pichangatti is made of wood (e.g. ebony) decorated with rich carvings of silver or brass. A silver or brass chain is attached to the scabbard. Attached to the chain are up to five implements used for cleaning and maintenance e.g. a toothpick, tweezers, ear-pick, a piercer, and a nail cleaner. The multi-function of the pichangatti and its small articles made them similar with modern day's pocket knife.
Pichangatti is worn by the Kodavas in front of their waist. They are slipped into the waist-belt together with the ayudha katti.
# Golden Gate, Illinois

Golden Gate is a village in Wayne County, Illinois, along the Little Wabash River. The population was 65 at the 2020 census.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, Golden Gate has a total area of 0.08 square miles (0.21 km$^2$), all land. The town was built by the Leach family in the late 19th century. The township that surrounds the Golden Gate area is known as Leech township named after Samuel Leech, an early settler of the area. Golden Gate was built along the railroad tracks and the Little Wabash river for business needs.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 100 people, 39 households, and 28 families residing in the village. The population density was 1,306.6 inhabitants per square mile (504.5/km$^2$). There were 51 housing units at an average density of 666.4 per square mile (257.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 100.00% White. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.00% of the population.
There were 39 households, out of which 43.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 64.1% were married couples living together, 7.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.2% were non-families. 28.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the average family size was 3.11.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 30.0% under the age of 18, 6.0% from 18 to 24, 36.0% from 25 to 44, 18.0% from 45 to 64, and 10.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 108.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.4 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $21,250, and the median income for a family was $28,750. Males had a median income of $26,250 versus $23,500 for females. The per capita income for the village was $10,214. There were 12.5% of families and 19.2% of the population living below the poverty line, including 15.2% of under eighteens and 14.3% of those over 64.
# Peter Ruehl

Vincent Peter Ruehl (29 March 1947 – 11 April 2011) was an American-born Australian newspaper columnist, best known for the humorous column he wrote thrice weekly for The Australian Financial Review, in which he offered an American view on life in Australia. During his career, he also contributed to The Australian and the Herald Sun.

## Biography

Ruehl was born in New York City, the son of an FBI agent. He was educated at Gonzaga College High School in Washington, D.C., and later moved to Annapolis. He studied at the University of Maryland and worked as a court reporter for The Baltimore Sun. In 1983, the paper asked him to provide coverage of the 1983 America's Cup in Newport, Rhode Island, during which time he met his future wife, fellow journalist Jennifer Hewett, who had been assigned to the same event by The Sydney Morning Herald. They married and then moved to Australia in 1987.
His first piece of journalism in Australia was his coverage of the 1987 America's Cup for the Australian Financial Review, a paper for which he continued to write for most of his career. It was his satirical column in this paper that brought recognition, leading Roger Johnstone (chief executive of the Financial Review Group) to praise him as a "one of a kind in Australian journalism".
After his death, a collection of his columns between November 1993 and April 2011 was published as a book in Men are Stupid, Woman are Crazy.

## Family and personal life

At the time of his death, Ruehl lived in the eastern Sydney suburb of Clovelly with Hewett and their children, Mercedes, John and Tom. According to colleague Colleen Ryan, Ruehl had a few close select friends and "could be quite introverted", preferring to spend time with his family or writing.
His sister is Academy Award–winning actress Mercedes Ruehl.
# Freddie Jameson

Frederick William Jameson (4 October 1929 – 12 October 2016) was an English trumpet player, composer and arranger, who worked for several leading British bandleaders in the 1950s and 1960s.

## Life and career

Born in London on 4 October 1929, Jameson was educated at Battersea Grammar School where he played cornet in the Cadet Corps Brass Band under the direction of Dr Harold Hind. In 1945 he began playing in the Crystal Palace Brass Band conducted by Dr Dennis Wright, before serving as a musician in the Royal Air Force with the Band of the Royal Air Force Regiment and No 4 Regional Band.
In 1951, whilst still in the RAF, Jameson was coached by Alfie Noakes of the Geraldo Orchestra, and began professional engagements on trumpet with the Joe Loss 'Ambassadors', and went on to play with Billy Ternent, Harry Parry, Joe Loss, Sidney Lipton, the Cyril Grantham Orchestra at the Park Lane Hotel, Claude Cavalotti, Nat Temple, and Geraldo – for whom he also appeared on the cruise liner Queen Mary, making seventeen return trips to New York City.
Jameson later worked on numerous film productions including Chitty Chitty Bang Bang, and also worked for the West End theatre impresario Jack Hylton under the musical direction of Cyril Ornadel on the shows Wish You Were Here, Pal Joey, Kismet, and The Crazy Gang shows at the Victoria Palace Theatre which starred Flanagan and Allen. From 1958 to 1963 he worked on the original hit West End production of the musical, My Fair Lady, at the Drury Lane Theatre, which starred Rex Harrison and Julie Andrews.
Jameson later worked as a composer and arranger, and wrote marches which have been adopted and performed by the bands of the Royal Air Force. He later served as Vice-Chairman of the Royal Air Force Music Services Association, a member of the International Military Music Society (IMMS), and Musical Director of the Thames Television Big Band.
Jameson died on 12 October 2016, at the age of 87.
# Tetrasodium pyrophosphate

Tetrasodium pyrophosphate, also called sodium pyrophosphate, tetrasodium phosphate or TSPP, is an inorganic compound with the formula Na$_4$P$_2$O$_7$. As a salt, it is a white, water-soluble solid. It is composed of pyrophosphate anion and sodium ions. Toxicity is approximately twice that of table salt when ingested orally. Also known is the decahydrate Na$_4$P$_2$O$_7$ · 10(H$_2$O).

## Use

Tetrasodium pyrophosphate is used as a buffering agent, an emulsifier, a dispersing agent, and a thickening agent, and is often used as a food additive. Common foods containing tetrasodium pyrophosphate include chicken nuggets, marshmallows, pudding, crab meat, imitation crab, canned tuna, and soy-based meat alternatives and cat foods and cat treats where it is used as a palatability enhancer.
In toothpaste and dental floss, tetrasodium pyrophosphate acts as a tartar control agent, serving to remove calcium and magnesium from saliva and thus preventing them from being deposited on teeth. Tetrasodium pyrophosphate is used in commercial dental rinses before brushing to aid in plaque reduction.
Tetrasodium pyrophosphate is sometimes used in household detergents to prevent similar deposition on clothing, but due to its phosphate content it causes eutrophication of water, promoting algae growth.

## Production

Tetrasodium pyrophosphate is produced by the reaction of furnace-grade phosphoric acid with sodium carbonate to form disodium phosphate, which is then heated to 450 °C to form tetrasodium pyrophosphate:
    2 Na$_2$HPO$_4$ → Na$_4$P$_2$O$_7$ + H$_2$O