OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Pauline Tully

Pauline Tully (formerly Pauline Tully-McAuley; born 1970/1971) is an Irish Sinn Féin politician who has been a senator for the Cultural and Educational Panel since January 2025. She was previously a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Cavan–Monaghan constituency from 2020 to 2024. She was a member of Cavan County Council for the Ballyjamesduff local electoral area from the 1999 election until 2012.

## Early and personal life

Tully grew up on a farm in Kilnaleck, County Cavan, where she still lives. She teaches history at Breifne College.
In 2003 Tully married IRA member Pearse McAuley; at the time he was imprisoned for the killing of Jerry McCabe, and granted day release for the wedding. Her name was Pauline Tully-McAuley on the 2004 and 2009 election ballot papers. Her husband was released from prison in August 2009, and she resigned as councillor in 2012 due to the demands of her teaching job and childcare. She and McAuley separated in February 2014 and on Christmas Eve 2014 he stabbed her 13 times in front of their two children, for which he was imprisoned until June 2022.
She lost her seat at the 2024 general election. She was elected as a Senator for the Cultural and Educational Panel in January 2025.
# Minosuke Hiroe

Minosuke Hiroe (Japanese: 廣江美之助; 7 June 1914 – 12 January 2000) was a Japanese botanist. His main works are on the Umbelliferae, from which family he described many new species. His work has been criticized by Lincoln Constance.

## Books

* M. Hiroe, 1990. Kyoto matsuri to hana. Ed. Seiseisha; Shohan ed. 207 pp. ISBN 4-915534-25-1
* M. Hiroe, 1980. Sōsa shokubutsugaku/Criminal investigation botany section. Ed. Ariake Shoten, Shōwa
* M. Hiroe, 1979. Umbelliferae of World. Ed. Ariake Book Co. 2128 pp.
* M. Hiroe, 1971. Orchid Flowers. Two vols. (English, Latín, Japanese) Ed. Kyoto:Kyoto-Shoin Co
* M. Hiroe, 1958. Umbelliferae of Asia: (excluding Japan). Ed. Eikodo
* M. Hiroe, Lincoln Constance|Constance, L. Umbelliferae of Japan. University of California Publications in Botany 30 (1.)
# Jirel language

Jirel is a Southern Tibetic language of Nepal. It is spoken in Jiri, in Tshetrapa village, Jungu village, and Cheppu village of Dolakha District and Sindhupalchok and different parts of Nepal.
It has long been in discussion that the Jirels are the bonpos as other tribes from Tibetan origin people. But after several observations Jirels are seen close to Tibetic Bodish origin rather than Himalayish of Tibeto Burman branch. Very weak literature without evidence is presented by some authors until now claiming that they are the Kirats. They have claimed that they are animists practicing worship of nature, ancestral Spirits and deities close to ancient bonpoism. They have adopted minor cultural and religious practice from Sunuwars and Sherpas when they began to live and share with them. The language they use is the most powerful evidence that they come from a Tibetan ethnic tribe. Their physical appearance, height, make and family name are also supporting evidence for Tibetan origin.
Previously they were animists and until now they practice animism in different ritual performances.They mainly practice Buddhism. Lamas are their priests. They also have Shamans who are called Phonbo, which is derived from the word, Bon, the Tibetan Tantric philosophy.
Jirel Uchen, which is also called Sambhota Script, is their script or calligraphy. This can be found at religious monuments like Ngasas (Chautara), chortens, and monasteries. Jirel Lamas use this script. The script is shown below:
ཀ ka [ká] ཁ kha [kʰá] ག ga [ɡà/kʰːà] ང nga [ŋà] ཅ ca [tɕá] ཆ cha [tɕʰá] ཇ ja [dʑà/tɕʰːà] ཉ nya [ɲà] ཏ ta [tá] ཐ tha [tʰá] ད da [dà/tʰːà] ན na [nà] པ pa [pá] ཕ pha [pʰá] བ ba [bà/pʰːà] མ ma [mà] ཙ tsa [tsá] ཚ tsha [tsʰá] ཛ dza [dzà/tsʰːà] ཝ wa [wà] ཞ zha [ʑà] ཟ za [zà] འ 'a [ʔà] ཡ ya [jà] ར ra [rà] ལ la [là] ཤ sha [ɕá] ས sa [sá] ཧ ha [há] ཨ a [ʔá]
The similarity of Jirel language that with the language used in Buddhist holy books is another powerful evidence to claim and believe that they are of Tibetan origin. It is believed that more than 80 percent of Jirel diction goes with Tibetan language where only 35–40 percent of diction is found to be close to other Tibetan origin tribes.Their language is similar to Dolpos, people in Mugu, Hyalmus, Sherpas, Syubas, Lhomis.

## Phonology
### Consonants

| | | | Bilabial | Alveolar | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
| | | | Bilabial | plain | sibilant | sibilant | | Velar | Glottal |
| Nasal | Nasal | Nasal | m | n | | ɲ | ŋ | |
| Plosive/ Affricate | voiceless | plain | p | t | t͡s | t͡ʃ | k | |
| Plosive/ Affricate | voiceless | prenasalized | ᵐp | ⁿt | ⁿt͡s | ⁿt͡ʃ | ᵑk | |
| Plosive/ Affricate | voiced | plain | b | d | d͡z | d͡ʒ | ɡ | |
| Plosive/ Affricate | voiced | prenasalized | ᵐb | ⁿd | ⁿd͡z | ⁿd͡ʒ | ᵑɡ | |
| Fricative | voiceless | voiceless | | | s | ʃ | | h |
| Fricative | voiced | voiced | | | z | ʒ | | |
| Tap | Tap | Tap | | ɾ | | | | |
| Lateral | Lateral | Lateral | | l | | | | |
| Approximant | Approximant | Approximant | w | | | j | | |

### Vowels

| | Front | Central | Back |
| Close | i | | u |
| Mid | e | | o |
| Open | | ä | |
# Loami, Illinois

Loami is a village in Sangamon County, Illinois, United States. The population was 745 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Springfield, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is adjacent to the Nipper Wildlife Sanctuary, a parcel of tallgrass prairie replanted on the loam soil after which the village is named. The village was incorporated July 29, 1875.

## Geography

Loami is located at 39°40′31″N 89°50′48″W﻿ / ﻿39.67528°N 89.84667°W﻿ / 39.67528; -89.84667 (39.675394, -89.846545).
According to the 2010 census, Loami has a total area of 1.054 square miles (2.73 km$^2$), of which 1.05 square miles (2.72 km$^2$) (or 99.62%) is land and 0.004 square miles (0.01 km$^2$) (or 0.38%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 804 people, 300 households, and 231 families residing in the village. The population density was 822.5 inhabitants per square mile (317.6/km$^2$). There were 321 housing units at an average density of 328.4 per square mile (126.8/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 97.51% White, 0.50% African American, 0.25% Native American, 0.50% Asian, 0.75% Pacific Islander, and 0.50% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.87% of the population.
There were 300 households, out of which 40.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.0% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 22.7% were non-families. 19.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.68 and the average family size was 2.99.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 28.7% under the age of 18, 8.7% from 18 to 24, 32.0% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 9.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.3 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $46,591, and the median income for a family was $48,200. Males had a median income of $35,795 versus $27,125 for females. The per capita income for the village was $17,661. About 5.7% of families and 10.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.0% of those under age 18 and 6.3% of those age 65 or over.
# Bruno Paulista

Bruno Jacinto da Silva (born 21 August 1995), known as Bruno Paulista, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder. He is currently free agent.

## Club career

Bruno Paulista was born in Nova Odessa, São Paulo, and graduated with Bahia's youth setup, after stints at São Paulo, Santo André and Ypiranga-BA. On 6 August 2014 he made his first-team debut, coming on as a late substitute in a 1–0 home win against Corinthians, for the season's Copa do Brasil.
Bruno Paulista made his Série A debut on 18 October, starting in a 1–2 away loss against São Paulo. On 10 February 2015 he renewed his link until 2018.
On 7 August 2015 Bruno Paulista moved to Sporting Clube de Portugal, signing a six-year deal. Sporting paid €3.5 million for 65% of his rights, with a 45 million clause.
# Žbontar

Žbontar is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Franci Žbontar (born 1952), Yugoslav ice hockey player
* Marjan Žbontar (born 1954), Yugoslav ice hockey player, brother of Franci
* Miha Žbontar [Wikidata] (born 1982), Slovene ice hockey player and coach
# W. H. Harris

W. H. Harris was a farmer and state legislator in Mississippi. He represented Washington County, Mississippi in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1874 to 1875 and from 1888 to 1889.
In 1883, he was reportedly aligned with the Democrats. In 1887, he was reported to be the Democrats’ selection for one of three Washington County seats in the Mississippi House of Representatives set aside for an African American per longstanding agreement. He was described as being a Republican and one of only 10 Republicans in the House during the session, five white and five African American.
# Charles Sowa

Charles Sowa (17 April 1933 – 7 July 2013) was a Luxembourgish race walker and coach. He was born in Schifflange.
He competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics, the 1964 Summer Olympics, the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1972 Summer Olympics. At the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich he placed 10th in the men's 50 kilometres walk.
He was selected male Luxembourgish Sportsperson of the Year in 1964, 1967, 1971 and 1972.
# A Murder of One

"A Murder of One" is a song by Counting Crows, released as the fourth single from their debut album, August and Everything After.
Frontman Adam Duritz explained the song's meaning as follows: "I can remember being eight years old and having infinite possibilities. But life ends up being so much less than we thought it would be when we were kids, with relationships that are so empty and stupid and brutal. If you don't find a way to break the chain and change in some way, then you wind up, as the rhyme goes: a murder of one, for sorrow." "Murder" is a term used to refer to a group of crows. The band's name, Counting Crows, and a line from this song are both references to an English divination rhyme that came from an old superstition.
The music was created by Adam Duritz, Matt Malley, and David Bryson.
The song was featured in a 2004 episode of Scrubs, entitled "My Porcelain God". The song was also featured in an episode of The Bear, entitled "Apologies" (Season 3, episode 9)
# Frank H. Threatt

Frank H. Threatt (died October 8, 1931) was a Methodist minister, politician, and public office holder in Alabama. He served in the Alabama legislature from 1872 to 1874 representing Marengo County and was a congressional candidate from the First District in 1892 . He also held appointed office.
He was a delegate to the 1874 Alabama Equal Rights Convention. He was a delegate to the Republican National Convention in 1876.
He campaigned for a congressional seat in 1880. Oscar W. Adams Jr. was his great-grandson.
He lived in Demopolis.
# Vincent Ulundu

Vincent Ulundu (born 25 March 2005) is a Finnish professional football player, who plays as a winger for Veikkausliiga club Ilves.

## Career

Ulundu started to play football in the youth sectors of HJK and KäPa.

### FC Honka

He joined the FC Honka organisation in 2018, and was registered to their youth team.
Ulundu made his senior debut with Honka II reserve team in the third-tier Kakkonen in 2022. He debuted with the Honka first team on 21 January 2023, in a Finnish League Cup draw against IFK Mariehamn. Ulundu debuted in the Veikkausliiga on 22 September 2023, in a 3–0 home loss against VPS.

### Ilves

On 26 November 2023, after Honka was declared for bankruptcy, a fellow Veikkausliiga club Ilves announced the signing of Ulundu on a two-year deal, with an option for a third year. He debuted with his new club on 27 January 2024, in a Finnish League Cup match against KuPS, scoring a goal in a 2–0 away win. On 17 May 2024, Ulundu scored his first goal in Veikkausliiga, an opening goal in a 5–0 home win against rival club FC Haka.

## International career

Ulundu has represented Finland at under-18 and under-19 youth national team levels.
He was part of the Finland U18 squad winning the friendly tournament Baltic Cup in June 2023, scoring two goals in three games.
In October 2023, he was part of the Finland U19 squad in the 2024 UEFA European Under-19 Championship qualification tournament, in three games against Romania, Czech Republic and San Marino.

## Personal life

Born and raised in Finland, Ulundu is of Congolese (DRC) descent. He lived briefly in England with his family, when aged between seven and eight. Growing up, he also played ice hockey until aged nine, when he chose football over it.

## Career statistics

    As of 11 March 2025
Appearances and goals by club, season and competition :
| Club | Season | Division | League | League | Cup | Cup | League cup | League cup | Europe | Europe | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Honka Akatemia | 2022 | Kakkonen | 4 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 0 |
| Honka Akatemia | 2023 | Kakkonen | 14 | 2 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 16 | 3 |
| Honka Akatemia | Total | Total | 18 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 3 |
| Honka | 2023 | Veikkausliiga | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 0 |
| Ilves | 2024 | Veikkausliiga | 9 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 17 | 4 |
| Ilves | 2025 | Veikkausliiga | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
| Ilves | Total | Total | 9 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 22 | 4 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 35 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 51 | 7 |
* ↑ Includes Finnish Cup
* ↑ Includes Finnish League Cup
* ↑ Includes UEFA Conference League

## Honours

Honka
* Finnish Cup runner-up: 2023
Ilves
* Veikkausliiga runner-up: 2024
Finland U18
* Baltic Cup: 2023
# John Watson (Virginia politician)

John Watson (died 1870) was a nineteenth-century African-American politician from Virginia.

## Early life

Watson was born a slave in Mecklenburg County, Virginia.

## Career

As an adult following the American Civil War, Watson spent the five years of his life as a freedman promoting African-American schools and churches in Mecklenburg.
In 1867, Watson was elected to the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1868. A Republican, he was the sole delegate elected from the central Piedmont convention district made up of his home Mecklenburg County.
Following the Convention, Robinson was subsequently elected to the Virginia House of Delegates for the session 1869/70.

## Death

John Watson died in 1870 before the end of his term in office. He was succeeded by Ross Hamilton.
# 2-Methylpyridine

2-Methylpyridine, or 2-picoline, is the compound described with formula C$_6$H$_7$N. 2-Picoline is a colorless liquid that has an unpleasant odor similar to pyridine. It is mainly used to make vinylpyridine and the agrichemical nitrapyrin.

## Synthesis

2-Picoline was the first pyridine compound reported to be isolated in pure form. It was isolated from coal tar in 1846 by T. Anderson. This chemistry was practiced by Reilly Industries. It is now mainly produced by two principal routes. One method involves the condensation of acetaldehyde and ammonia in the presence of an oxide catalyst. This method affords a mixture of 2- and 4-picolines:
Another method involves the condensation of acetone and acrylonitrile to give 5-oxohexanenitrile, which then cyclizes to give 2-picoline. Approximately 8000 t/a was produced worldwide in 1989.

## Reactions

Most of the reactions of picoline are centered on the methyl group. For example, the principal use of 2-picoline is as a precursor of 2-vinylpyridine. The conversion is achieved by condensation with formaldehyde:
The copolymer of 2-vinylpyridine, butadiene and styrene is used as an adhesive for textile tire cord. 2-Picoline is also a precursor to the agrichemical, nitrapyrin, which prevents loss of ammonia from fertilizers. Oxidation by potassium permanganate affords picolinic acid:
Treatment of 2-methylpyridine with butyllithium results in deprotonation of the methyl group:
    H$_3$CC$_5$H$_4$N + BuLi → LiH$_2$CC$_5$H$_4$N + BuH

### Biodegradation

Like other pyridine derivatives, 2-methylpyridine is often reported as an environmental contaminant associated with facilities processing oil shale or coal, and has also been found at legacy wood treatment sites. The compound is readily degradable by certain microorganisms, such as Arthrobacter sp. strain R1 (ATTC strain number 49987), which was isolated from an aquifer contaminated with a complex mixture of pyridine derivatives. Arthrobacter and closely related Actinomycetota are often found associated with degradation of pyridine derivatives and other nitrogen heterocyclic compounds. 2-methypyridine and 4-methypyridine are more readily degraded and exhibit less volatilization loss from environmental samples than does 3-methypyridine.

## Uses

2-Methylpyridine is an intermediate used in the production of some pharmaceutical drugs including amprolium, picoplatin, dimethindene, and encainide.

## Toxicity

Like most alkylpyridines, the LD50 of 2-methylpyridine is modest, being 790 mg/kg (oral, rat).
# Spaulding, Illinois

Spaulding is a village in Sangamon County, Illinois, United States. The population was 873 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Springfield, Illinois Metropolitan Statistical Area. Spaulding is in the Riverton School District #14.

## Geography

Spaulding is located at 39°51′55″N 89°32′30″W﻿ / ﻿39.86528°N 89.54167°W﻿ / 39.86528; -89.54167 (39.865393, -89.541742).
According to the 2010 census, Spaulding has a total area of 0.792 square miles (2.05 km$^2$), of which 0.79 square miles (2.05 km$^2$) (or 99.75%) is land and 0.002 square miles (0.01 km$^2$) (or 0.25%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 559 people, 189 households, and 154 families residing in the village. The population density was 719.4 inhabitants per square mile (277.8/km$^2$). There were 195 housing units at an average density of 251.0 per square mile (96.9/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 98.57% White, 0.72% Native American, 0.18% from other races, and 0.54% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.89% of the population.
There were 189 households, out of which 41.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 69.8% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.5% were non-families. 13.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.96 and the average family size was 3.26.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 30.2% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 27.5% from 45 to 64, and 5.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.1 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $67,083, and the median income for a family was $70,455. Males had a median income of $44,375 versus $30,625 for females. The per capita income for the village was $21,168. About 3.3% of families and 5.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 8.9% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

## Notable people

* Justin Allgaier – NASCAR driver
# Zum zum zum - La canzone che mi passa per la testa

Zum zum zum - La canzone che mi passa per la testa is 1969 film directed by Bruno Corbucci and Sergio Corbucci.

## Plot

The sons of a music-loving insurance broker take extreme measures to find happiness for themselves and others, with the help of the power of music.

## Sequel

The film was followed by a sequel, Zum zum zum n° 2.

## Response

An Italian review of the time described the film as ”an unpretentious work, whose thin plot is a mere pretext for the songs performed by the protagonists’”.
# George W. White (American politician)

George W. White (born c. 1841) was an American state legislator in Mississippi. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1870 to 1873 and Mississippi Senate from 1874 to 1877. White was born in Mississippi. He represented Wilkinson County, Mississippi.
# Nakhodka Bay

42°49′N 133°00′E﻿ / ﻿42.817°N 133.000°E﻿ / 42.817; 133.000
Nakhodka Bay or Nakhodka Gulf (Russian: зали́в Нахо́дка, romanized: zalív Nakhódka), historically called the Gulf of America (зали́в Аме́рика, zalív Amérika), is a bay of the Peter the Great Gulf of the Sea of Japan where the port Nakhodka is located. It is part of the Primorsky Krai of Russia. The Lisy Island protects the bay from open sea waves. The word means '(lucky) find, discovery' in Russian.
The bay is one of the largest transport junctions in the Russian Far East; vessel traffic is extremely intensive here. The Gulf has four ports and four ship-repairing yards. It is a basic port for vessels of the largest companies, such as Primorsk Shipping Corporation (Prisco), and the base of the Active Marine Fishery.

## History

In 1855, HMS Winchester and HMS Barracouta are believed to have discovered the bay without exploring it, referring to it as Hornet Bay and Garnet Bay, respectively.
On June 17, 1859, Governor-General Nikolay Muravyov-Amursky of Eastern Siberia led his corvette Amerika ("America") into the bay seeking shelter during a storm. He had the crew drop anchor at present-day Nakhodka. The next morning, he logged a 3-mile-long (4.8 km) inlet, naming it Nakhodka Bay. He ordered a map drawn that, for the first time, named the overall bay the Gulf of America (Russian: зали́в Аме́рика, romanized: zalív Amérika), after his ship, and applied the name Astafyeva Cape [az; ceb; pl; ru] to the peninsula that separates the Gulf of America from Nakhodka Bay.
The first Russian settlement on the bay was established in 1906 and settled the following year. The village was named Amerikanka (Американка, Amerikánka) after the bay. Some initial arrivals refused to live in the settlement because they perceived its name as a reference to the United States. A port was developed at Nakhodka in the 1950s, followed by Vostochny Port in the 1970s on the opposite side of the Gulf of America. In 1972, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic reapplied the name Nakhodka Bay to the entire Gulf of America, eliminating a perceived reference to the United States, a geopolitical rival of the Soviet Union, as part of a broader renaming of geographical objects in the Russian Far East. The smaller inlet is now known as Bukhta Nakhodka (бу́хта Нахо́дка).