OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Melody Beattie

Melody Lynn Beattie (née Valliancourt; May 26, 1948 – February 27, 2025) was an American author of self-help books on codependent relationships.

## Early life and education

Melody Lynn Valliancourt was born in Ramsey, Minnesota, on May 26, 1948. She was raised by her mother in Saint Paul, Minnesota, and experienced a traumatic childhood: she was sexually abused by a stranger when she was five, and her mother was physically abusive to her siblings, though not to Melody herself. She began drinking at age 12, was an alcoholic by age 13, and a drug addict by 18. She graduated from high school with honors. However, she was arrested for her involvement in a series of pharmacy robberies a few years later, and underwent treatment for drug addiction.

## Career

Beattie eventually became licensed as a counselor for addiction. When counseling women married to men undergoing treatment for alcoholism, she noticed the prevalance of codependence in their relationships, and was motivated to research and write about the issue. She published 18 books including Codependent No More, Beyond Codependency, The Language of Letting Go and Make Miracles in Forty Days: Turning What You Have into What You Want, published in 2010. Several of her books have been published in other languages.
Beattie, along with Janet G. Woititz and Robin Norwood, were popularizers of science, helping to digest and explain the work of psychiatrist Timmen L. Cermak, author of Diagnosing and Treating Co-Dependence. Beattie popularized the concept of codependency in 1986 with Codependent No More, which sold eight million copies.
Codependent No More was first published by the Hazelden Foundation.
Beattie's early works were never connected to a 12-Step program called Co-Dependents Anonymous and were commonly mistaken to be a part of CoDA. "CoDA" has a conference-approved (official) "the Big Book" of its own.

## Personal life and death

After a marriage to Steven Thurik ended in divorce, she married David Beattie, an addiction counselor; however, he also struggled with alcoholism, which preceded their divorce. Two additional marriages also ended in divorce; one to Scott Mengshol and to drummer Dallas Taylor. She had a son from her first marriage and a son and daughter from her second. Shane, her son from her second marriage, died in a skiing accident in 1991; she wrote about her grief after his death in the 1995 book The Lessons of Love.
Beattie's health declined in the last months of her life. She was evacuated from her Malibu, California home during the January 2025 Southern California wildfires, and went to her daughter's residence in Los Feliz, Los Angeles, where she died from heart failure on February 27, 2025, at the age of 76.
# Pallonji Mistry

Pallonji Shapoorji Mistry (1 June 1929 – 28 June 2022) was an Irish billionaire businessman of Indian descent. He was chairman of the Shapoorji Pallonji Group and a major shareholder of India's largest private conglomerate, Tata Group.

## Early life

Pallonji Mistry was born to Shapoorji Mistry in Bombay (now Mumbai) on 1 June 1929. He was a member of Parsi community in Bombay.
The Mistrys own a substantial construction company, Shapoorji Pallonji. Shapoorji, the group patriarch and Pallonji's father, built some of Mumbai's landmarks around the Fort area – the Hong Kong & Shanghai Bank, the Grindlays Bank, the Standard Chartered Bank, the State Bank of India and the Reserve Bank of India buildings.

## Career

His father first bought shares in Tata Sons in the 1930s, a stake that as of 2011 stood at 18.4%, making Mistry the largest individual shareholder in Tata Sons, which is primarily controlled by the Tata philanthropic Allied Trusts, and the largest individual shareholder in India's largest private conglomerate, Tata Group, the primary shareholder being the charitable Tata Trusts.
Pallonji Mistry was the chairman of the Shapoorji Pallonji Group, through which he owned Shapoorji Pallonji Construction Limited, Forbes Textiles and Eureka Forbes Limited. He was the former chairman of Associated Cement Companies.
His son, Cyrus, was chairman of Tata Sons from November 2011 to October 2016. Within the Tata Group, he is known as the Phantom of Bombay House for the quiet but assured way he commanded power around the Mumbai headquarters of the Tata empire.
According to Bloomberg Billionaires Index, Pallonji Mistry's wealth was estimated to be about US$30 Billion in mid-2021. and US$29 billion at the time of his death. He was the richest Irish billionaire at the time of his death, and the world's 143 richest person.

## Personal life and death

In 2003, Pallonji gave up his Indian citizenship to become an Irish citizen "on the basis of his marriage to an Irish-born national", Pat "Patsy" Perin Dubash, who was born in September 1939 at Hatch Street Nursing House in Dublin. He remained in residence in Mumbai. The family's interest in Ireland is ascribed, in part, to their love of horses; Mistry owned a 200 acres (0.81 km$^2$) stud farm and a 10,000-square-foot (930 m$^2$) home in Pune, India.
Mistry has two sons and two daughters. His elder son, Shapoor Mistry (b. 1964), runs the Shapoorji Pallonji group, while his younger son, the late Cyrus Mistry (1968—2022), served for some years as chairman of the Tata group. Mistry's elder daughter is Laila. His younger daughter, Aloo, is married to Noel Tata, half-brother of Ratan Tata.
He was awarded the Padma Bhushan in January 2016 by the Government of India for his contributions in the field of trade and industry.
A short biography of Mistry was written in a 2008 book by Manoj Namburu titled The Moguls of Real Estate.
Mistry died in Mumbai on 28 June 2022 at the age of 93.
# Josep Perarnau

Josep Perarnau i Espelt (born 1928 in Avinyó, Bages) is a Catalan priest, theologian and historian. He studied theology in the Pontifical University of Salamanca, University of Rome and Munich. He became a priest in Barcelona. When the Faculty of Theology of Catalonia[Wikidata] was created, he was appointed director of the seminary of theology. In this position, he worked on his historical researches. He is a member of the Institute of Catalan Studies, and in 1990, was appointed as a numerary member.
He is deeply interested in the Middle Ages history, and has studied mediaeval manuscripts, specially the ones of Catalan authors. From his position as director of the Arxiu de textos catalans antics (ATCA) (Archive of Ancient Catalan Texts) of the Institute of Catalan Studies he has made valuable researches of unpublished works of the Middle Ages of authors such as Ramon Llull or Arnau de Vilanova.
He has gathered all the forgeries that the 14th century inquisitor Nicolau Eimeric used in order to decree the existence of more than a hundred heresies in Ramon Llull's texts.
Josep Perarnau was awarded with the Serra d'Or Critics Prize about research, 1993; the Cultural Heritage National Prize, 1996; and the Narcís Monturiol Medal, 1998. These two last awards were given by the Generalitat de Catalunya (Catalan regional government). On 28 April 2009, he received an honorary degree from the University of Barcelona.
# Łada, Lublin Voivodeship

Łada (IPA: ) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chrzanów, within Janów Lubelski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Chrzanów, 16 km (10 mi) east of Janów Lubelski, and 58 km (36 mi) south of the regional capital Lublin. According to the National Census, it had 517 inhabitants in 2011 and was the third largest village in Gmina Chrzanów.

## History

The first mention of the village dates back to 1245 and concerns a raid by knyaz Vasilko. In the 14th century it was a royal village and in 1377 it became the property of Dymitr of Goraj. After his death, it was inherited by his nephews. Then, in 1508, the village was owned by Mikołaj Firlej, the governor of the voivodeship. In 1517 Łada was bought by Wiktoryn Sienieński, who gave it to the Górka family. Toward the end of the 16th century Jan Zamoyski bought the village from their heirs and incorporated it into the ordynacja a few years later (1601). In the mid-17th century, there was a pond with a mill, an orchard and an inn with a brewery in the village. Due to its location, Łada played a role of a craft and service base for Goraj. At the end of the 18th century, there was a folwark, 3 inns and a brewery in the village. During the Napoleonic Wars, due to military travels and quarters, natural disasters, crop failures, and diseases, the population (15 arable land were abandoned), inventory and livestock (50-90%) decreased. In the 19th century Uniates arrived from neighboring Malinie (the Rus population had also been present earlier). According to statistics from 1921 Łada had 116 houses and 702 residents. In the interwar period, a school was established and the Rural Youth Circle Siew was active. During World War II, on May 24, 1944, a German air raid took place. The fire caused by the bombardment consumed 73 households. In 1946 a fire department was established. In 1955-1962, Łada was the seat of a gromada.
# Ames v. Kansas ex rel. Johnston

Ames v. Kansas ex rel. Johnston, 111 U.S. 449 (1884), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that Congress may grant inferior courts concurrent jurisdiction over issues where the Supreme Court has original jurisdiction as long as the issue is not required by the Constitution to be filed directly in the Supreme Court.
# Rostral organ

The rostral organ of the coelacanth or other fish is a large gel-filled cavity in the snout, with three pairs of canals to the outside.
It is surrounded by an insulating layer of adipose tissue and innervated by the superficial ophthalmic nerve. Its anatomy and innervation suggest it is an electroreceptive organ used for finding prey in the dark. This is supported by experiments which showed that coelacanths react to electrical fields produced by a submersible.
# Dakota County v. Glidden

Dakota County v. Glidden, 113 U.S. 222 (1885), was a motion to dismiss a suit issued in aid of a railroad. Judgment for the plaintiff. The defendant brought a writ of error to reverse it. Subsequently, to the judgment, Dakota County, Nebraska settled with the plaintiff and other bondholders, by giving them new bonds bearing a less rate of interest, and the old bonds, which were the cause of action in this suit, were surrendered and destroyed. These facts were brought before this Court by affidavits and transcripts from the county records, accompanied by a motion to dismiss the writ of error.
While payment of the sum recovered in submission to the judgment is no bar to the right of reversal of the judgment when brought here by writ of error, a compromise and settlement of the demand in suit, whereby a new agreement is substituted in place of the old one, extinguishes the cause of action, and leaves nothing for the exercise of the jurisdiction of this Court.
Evidence of facts outside of the record, affecting the proceeding of the court in a case on error or appeal, will be received and considered, when deemed necessary by the court, for the purpose of determining its action.
The court saw no reason to impeach the transaction by which the new bonds were substituted for the old, and the writ of error was accordingly dismissed.
# Peter Thibeaux

Peter C. Thibeaux (born October 3, 1961) is a retired American professional basketball small forward who played two seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the Golden State Warriors. He was drafted by the Warriors in the fourth round (77th pick overall) from Saint Mary's College of California.
Thibeaux played in the Continental Basketball Association (CBA) for the Toronto Tornados during the 1983–84 season, the Tulsa Fast Breakers during the 1988–89 season and the Cedar Rapids Silver Bullets during the 1990–91 season. He won a CBA championship with the Fast Breakers in 1989. He was selected to the All-CBA Second Team in 1989 and 1991.
In the 1989–90 season, Thibeaux played in the Dutch Eredivisie for EBBC Den Bosch.
# Hardin v. Boyd

Hardin v. Boyd, 113 U.S. 756 (1885), was a motion to dismiss a lawsuit on county bonds issued in aid of a railroad. Judgment below for the plaintiff. The defendant brought a writ of error to reverse it. Subsequently, to the judgment, the county settled with the plaintiff and other bondholders, by giving them new bonds bearing a less rate of interest, and the old bonds, which were the cause of action in this suit, were surrendered and destroyed. Fraud and collusion was alleged in the handling of a will which transferred ownership of property in Crittenden County, Arkansas. These facts were brought before this Court by affidavits and transcripts from the county records, accompanied by a motion to dismiss the writ of error.
The court saw no reason to impeach the transaction by which the new bonds were substituted for the old, and for the judgment it was asked to reverse, so the writ of error was dismissed.
# Benzil

Benzil (i.e. Bz$_2$, systematically known as 1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-dione) is the organic compound with the formula (C$_6$H$_5$CO)$_2$, generally abbreviated (PhCO)$_2$. This yellow solid is one of the most common diketones. Its main use is as a photoinitiator in polymer chemistry.

## Structure

The compound's most noteworthy structural feature is the long carbon-carbon bond of 1.54 Å, which indicates the absence of pi-bonding between the two carbonyl centers. The PhCO centers are planar, but the pair of benzoyl groups are twisted with respect to the other with a dihedral angle of 117°. In less hindered analogues (glyoxal, biacetyl, oxalic acid derivatives), the (RCO)$_2$ group adopts a planar, anti-conformation.

## Applications

Most benzil can be used as a photoinitiator in the free-radical curing of polymer networks. It absorbs ultraviolet radiation at a wavelength of 260 nm, leading to decomposition with formation of free-radical species and formation of cross-links within the material. However, it is a relatively poor photoinitiator, and is seldom used. It undergoes photobleaching, which allows the curing light to reach deeper layers of the material on longer exposure. Acetal derivatives, such as 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, have better properties for this application.
Benzil is a potent inhibitor of human carboxylesterases, enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of carboxylesters and many clinically used drugs.

### Reactions

Benzil is a standard building block in organic synthesis. It condenses with amines to give diketimine ligands. A classic organic reaction of benzil is the benzilic acid rearrangement, in which base catalyses the conversion of benzil to benzilic acid. This reactivity is exploited in the preparation of the drug phenytoin. Benzil also reacts with 1,3-diphenylacetone in an aldol condensation to give tetraphenylcyclopentadienone.

## Preparation

Benzil is prepared from benzoin, for example with copper(II) acetate:
    PhC(O)CH(OH)Ph + 2 Cu$^{2+}$ → PhC(O)C(O)Ph + 2 H$^+$ + 2 Cu$^+$
Other suitable oxidizing agents such as nitric acid (HNO$_3$) are used routinely.
Iron(III) chloride (FeCl$_3$) can be used as an inexpensive catalyst for this chemical conversion.
# Steele v. United States

Steele v. United States, 113 U.S. 128 (1885), was an appeal of a case which held that a private sale of old material that arose from the breaking up of a vessel of war, made by an officer of the Navy Department to a contractor for repairs of a war vessel and machinery, is a violation of law.
The allowance of the estimated value of such material in the settlement of such contractor's accounts is a violation of law.
A settlement of such accounts at the Navy Department and at the Treasury, in which the contractor was debited with the material at the estimated value, does not preclude the United States from showing that the estimates were far below the real value, and from recovering the difference between the amount allowed and the real value.
Delay in enforcing a claim arising out of an illegal sale of property of the United States at a value far below its real worth cannot be set up as a bar to the recovery of its value.
# Huntingdon Hawks

The Huntingdon Hawks are the athletic teams of Huntingdon College in Montgomery, Alabama. It is the only NCAA Division III school located in the U.S. state of Alabama. The team currently competes in the Collegiate Conference of the South, they joined in 2022.

## History

The team competed in the Great South Athletic Conference from 2002 to 2011. They then competed as an independent in the 2012–2013 season. In May 2012, it was announced that they would join the USA South Athletic Conference, where they have competed ever since.
Mike Turk served as the athletic director from 2013–2019. Eric Levanda has been the athletic director since 2019.

## Varsity sports

| Men's sports | Women's sports |
| Baseball | Basketball |
| Basketball | Beach volleyball |
| Cross country | Cross country |
| Football | Flag football |
| Golf | Golf |
| Lacrosse | Lacrosse |
| Soccer | Soccer |
| Tennis | Softball |
| Track and field | Tennis |
| Wrestling | Track and field |
| | Volleyball |
| | Wrestling |

### Baseball

The Huntingdon Hawks baseball team began NCAA play in 2002. D.J. Conville is the current head coach.

### Football

The Huntingdon Hawks football team began play in 2003, coached by Duane Trogdon. Mike Turk has been the head coach since 2004.
# Carlisle, Kentucky

Carlisle is a home rule-class city in Nicholas County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 2,010 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Nicholas County. It is located at the junction of Kentucky Route 32 and Kentucky Route 36, about halfway between Lexington and Maysville.

## History

Carlisle was founded in 1816 when John Kincart donated land to facilitate the relocation of the county seat from Ellisville, 5 miles (8.0 km) to the north.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, Carlisle has a total area of 1.3 square miles (3.4 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2010, there were 2,010 people, 892 households, and 546 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,499.7 inhabitants per square mile (579.0/km$^2$). There were 1,040 housing units at an average density of 768.2 per square mile (296.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the city was 97.10% White, 0.8% African American, 0.3% Asian, 0.3% from other races, and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.3% of the population.
There were 892 households, out of which 25.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.3% were married couples living together, 13.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.8% were non-families. 35% of all households were made up of individuals, and 37.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.25 and the average family size was 2.88.
In the city, the population was spread out, with 24.4% under the age of 19, 5.0% from 20 to 24, 24.3% from 25 to 44, 25.5% from 45 to 64, and 20.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 81.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.2 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $34,112, and the median income for a family was $42,664.

## Education

Public Schools:
* Nicholas County Elementary School
* Nicholas County Middle School
* Nicholas County High School
Private Schools:
* New Beginnings Christian Academy
Public Library:
Carlisle has a lending library, a branch of the Nicholas County Public Library.

## Notable people

* Betty Blake, Steamboat preservationist.
* Daniel Boone, pioneer, folk hero
* Gatewood Galbraith, political activist
* Bela M. Hughes, pioneer
* Barbara Kingsolver, writer
* Robert T. McCowan, Ashland Oil Vice Chairman and UK Board Director
* Thomas Metcalfe, moved to a farm in Carlisle
* William F. Spurgin, US Army brigadier general, born in Carlisle
# Lekshmi Krishnamoorthy

Lakshmi Krishnamurthy (1927/28 – 10 November 2018) was a character actress in Malayalam films. She is known for her role in 1996 Manju warrier starrer film Ee puzhayum kadannu.

## Life

Her first film was Hariharans Panchagni, in 1986. Later she acted in Malayalam films like Anantha Bhadram, Kaliyoonjal, Ponthan Mada, Pattabhishekham, Vismaya Thumbathu, Piravi, Thooval Kottaram, Vasthuhara, Vismayam, and Mallu Singh. She also acted in Kannada movie Sanskara, Maniratnams Tamil movie Kannathil Muthamittal, and Santhosh Sivan's Hindi movie Before the Rains.
She was a news reader (first Malayalam News Reader) and dubbing artist at Akashavani Kozhikode. She also acted in a few television serials.
She died on 10 November 2018.

## Filmography

* Panjagni (1986) - Debut film in Malayalam
* Thaniyavarthanam (1987)
* Piravi (1989)
* Aksharam (1990) - Short
* Vasthuhara (1991)
* Ponthanmada (1994)
* Sagaram Sakshi (1994)
* Vishnu (1994)
* Sakshyam (1995)
* Ee Puzhayum Kadannu (1996)
* Udhyanapalakan (1996)
* Thoovalkottaram (1996)
* Kaliyoonjal (1997)
* Vismayam (1998)
* Ilamura Thampuran (1998)
* Aaram Jaalakam (2001)
* Kakke Kakke Koodevide (2002)
* Kannathil Muthamittal (2002) - (Tamil)
* Chithrakoodam (2003)
* Kathavasheshan (2004)
* Vismayathumbathu (2004)
* Maanikyan (2005)
* Ananthabhadram (2005)
* Before the Rains (2007) - (English)
* Before the Rains (2008) - (Malayalam)
* Anthiponvettam (2008)
* Keshu (2009)
* Mallu Singh (2012)

## Dubbing credits

* Amma (1952) for B. S. Saroja

## TV serials

* Naalukettu
* Manasi
* Aalippazham
* Pennurimai
# Manlius, Illinois

Manlius is a village in Bureau County, Illinois, United States. The population was 359 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Ottawa Micropolitan Statistical Area.

## History

A post office called Manlius has been in operation since 1871. The village was named after Manlius, New York.

## Geography

Manlius is located at 41°27′21″N 89°40′10″W﻿ / ﻿41.455729°N 89.66955°W﻿ / 41.455729; -89.66955.
According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Manlius has a total area of 0.32 square miles (0.83 km$^2$), all land.

## Demographics

As of the 2020 census there were 298 people, 131 households, and 81 families residing in the village. The population density was 934.17 inhabitants per square mile (360.69/km$^2$). There were 164 housing units at an average density of 514.11 per square mile (198.50/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 93.29% White, 0.34% Asian, 0.34% from other races, and 6.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.01% of the population.
There were 131 households, out of which 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.69% were married couples living together, 12.21% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.17% were non-families. 35.88% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.79% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.51 and the average family size was 2.09.
The village's age distribution consisted of 16.8% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 23.3% from 25 to 44, 31.1% from 45 to 64, and 20.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 45.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 128.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 119.2 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $47,321, and the median income for a family was $55,417. Males had a median income of $35,000 versus $32,917 for females. The per capita income for the village was $27,987. About 3.7% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.3% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

## Notable people

* Jerry Hadley, opera singer