OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# William Bulmer (politician)

Sir William Bulmer (by 1465-1531) of Wilton Castle, Wilton, North Riding of Yorkshire was an English soldier knight and Member of Parliament.
He was the son of Sir Ralph Bulmer of Wilton and his wife Joan, the daughter of Sir William Bowes of Streatlam, county Durham. He succeeded his father in 1496 and was knighted after taking part in the Earl of Surrey’s Scottish campaign of 1497.
He was appointed sheriff and escheator for county Durham for 1503-16, 1523-7 and jointly with his son Sir John Bulmer for 1527-9. He was appointed High Sheriff of Yorkshire for 1517-18. He also served as a member of the council of 4th Earl of Shrewsbury in 1522 and as lieutenant of the Eastern March and Norham Castle, Northumberland in 1523.
In 1520 he accompanied Henry VIII with other knights to his meeting with Francis I of France at the Field of the Cloth of Gold. In 1523 he was selected as a knight of the shire for Yorkshire in the Parliament of England.
He married by 1490, Margery, the daughter of John Conyers, with whom he had three sons and a daughter. He was succeeded by Sir John, who was executed in 1537 for his part in the northern rebellion.
# Wygranka, Lublin Voivodeship

Wygranka is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kłoczew, within Ryki County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.
# Taraiya Assembly constituency

Taraiya Assembly constituency is an assembly constituency in Saran district in the Indian state of Bihar. Taraiya city has the highest number of Siva temples in Bihar. The Vidhan Sabha constituency consists of neighboring blocks such as Isuapur, and Mashrakh Panapur.

## Overview

As per Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly constituencies Order, 2008, No. 116 Taraiya Assembly constituency is composed of the following:Taraiya, Panapur and Ishuapur community development blocks. Panchayat are following: Dumari, Chanchaliya, Madhopur, Chainpur etc.
Taraiya Assembly constituency is part of No. 19 Maharajganj (Lok Sabha constituency). It was earlier part of Chapra (Lok Sabha constituency).

## Members of the Legislative Assembly

| Year | Name | Party |
| 1967 | Dharam Nath Singh | Samyukta Socialist Party |
| 1969 | Prabu Narain Singh | Janata Party |
| 1972 | Prabhunath Singh | Indian National Congress |
| 1977 | Dharam Nath Singh | Janata Party |
| 1980 | Prabhunath Singh | Indian National Congress |
| 1985 | Ram Das Rai | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 1990 | Rajiv Pratap Rudy | Janata Dal |
| 1995 | Ram Das Rai | Janata Dal |
| 2000 | Ram Das Rai | Rashtriya Janata Dal |
| 2005 | Janak Singh | Lok Janshakti Party |
| 2005 | Ram Das Rai | Rashtriya Janata Dal |
| 2010 | Janak Singh | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 2015 | Mudrika Prasad Rai | Rashtriya Janata Dal |
| 2020 | Janak Singh | Bharatiya Janata Party |

## Election results
### 2020

2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election: Taraiya :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes |
| | BJP | Janak Singh | |
| | NOTA | None of the Above | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | |
| | gain from | gain from | Swing |
# Toi8

toi8 (born October 8, 1976) is a Japanese artist. He is most known for working on various anime such as .hack//The Movie, Maoyuu Maou Yuusha, Full Metal Alchemist, and several video games where he has served as character designer, including Tokyo Mirage Sessions ♯FE and I am Setsuna. He is also the illustrator of the My Daughter Left the Nest and Returned an S-Rank Adventurer and Who Killed the Hero? light novel series.

## Biography

toi8 was born in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan on October 8, 1976. He graduated from Yoyogi Animation College. Although he worked as a hentai illustrator for about two years, he quit his company in about a year. Since he became fascinated with his original drawings, he became a freelance illustrator. He debuted as an illustrator at "Fancy Tokyo Hundred Scenery" published in 2002. His origin of his pen name is from his birthday: October 8. Prior to that, he used the pseudonym "Q8".
# McKinley Township, Emmet County, Michigan

McKinley Township is a civil township of Emmet County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 1,294 at the 2020 census. McKinley Township is home to Pellston Regional Airport.

## Communities

* The village of Pellston is partially within the township.
* Levering is an unincorporated community and census-designated place at the northern border of the township, about 6 miles (10 km) north of Pellston and 4 miles (6 km) south of Carp Lake on US 31 at 45°38′09″N 84°47′13″W﻿ / ﻿45.63583°N 84.78694°W﻿ / 45.63583; -84.78694.
* Van is an unincorporated community within the township at 45°35′38.04″N 84°46′57.17″W﻿ / ﻿45.5939000°N 84.7825472°W﻿ / 45.5939000; -84.7825472﻿ (Van, Michigan). Van was established in 1898 as Egleston, and renamed in honor of the local Van Every family in 1898. A post office at Van lasted from 1898 to 1933.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 35.18 square miles (91.12 km$^2$), of which 35.11 square miles (90.93 km$^2$) is land and 0.07 square miles (0.18 km$^2$) (0.20%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,269 people, 459 households, and 330 families residing in the township. The population density was 36.0 inhabitants per square mile (13.9/km$^2$). There were 572 housing units at an average density of 16.2 per square mile (6.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 90.46% White, 0.87% African American, 6.15% Native American, 0.16% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 0.08% from other races, and 2.21% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.87% of the population.
There were 459 households, out of which 37.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.8% were married couples living together, 10.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.1% were non-families. 22.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.76 and the average family size was 3.25.
In the township the population was spread out, with 32.4% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 29.6% from 25 to 44, 20.3% from 45 to 64, and 10.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.1 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $32,961, and the median income for a family was $38,681. Males had a median income of $26,759 versus $20,179 for females. The per capita income for the township was $13,907. About 11.9% of families and 13.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 14.5% of those under age 18 and 15.6% of those age 65 or over.
# Attack on Bornholm (1566)

The attack on Bornholm occurred between 10 to 24 June 1566 during the Northern Seven Years' War when a Swedish fleet of 60 ships under the command of Klas Horn attempted to capture the island. Horn initially sent letters to negotiate but eventually began bombarding the island and later attempted to land, which failed. The Swedes withdrew on 24 June.

## Background

On 10 June 1566, the commander of Bornholm, Schweder Ketting, reported that he had spotted the Swedish fleet near the island to Frederick II which had set out towards the island 5 days prior. In total, the fleet consisted of 60 ships in total, with 36 being warships and the rest being lesser vessels referred to as "Pinker", "Jagter", and "Koffardiskibe".
Prior to the attack, Kettingk had created a militia to defend the island, additionally having around 400 Landsknechte.

## Attack

When Klas Horn came close to the island, he decided to attempt to capture it, not expecting much resistance. He sent an initial letter ashore, asking for some "good men" to be dispatched to his ship. When this was not done, he sent the following letter:
   But since you do not comply with my will and request, then you should consider that I will by no means leave such arrogance unpunished, as I did last autumn, unless you fully expect that I will properly and most fiercely visit you with murder, pillage, and fire, and in every way oppose you as one enemy opposes another, paying no heed to what the castle warden at Hammershus instructs and forbids you. I demand a reply to this letter without any delay or hesitation.
As a response, Kettingk wrote "I owe the Swedish admiral nothing but powder and shot." The Swedes soon began bombarding Bornholm, doing so for 10 days and causing minimal damage.
Eventually, he attempted to land on the island by force, being met by resistance from armed peasants that Kettingk had organized. The Swedes were quickly surprised by the resistance, being forced to withdraw on 24 June.

## Aftermath

After this failure, Horn continued elsewhere. Part of the Swedish fleet entered the Sound, where they attacked merchant ships to and from Denmark.
# Cunningham C-6R

The Cunningham C-6R was a sports car developed in 1954 for the Briggs Cunningham racing team.

## Development history and technology

Primary responsibility for the chassis and body design of the C-6R fell to Unger. Engines considered for the car included a two-stroke inverted V-12 designed by Mercury Marine's Carl Kiekhaefer, and the Ferrari V-12 from the Italian marque's 375 MM.
The engine finally chosen was the 179.5 cu in (2,942 cc) four-cylinder Offenhauser from Meyer & Drake. After consulting with Leo Goossen, the engine's designer, Cunningham's team managed to get power output up to 270 hp (201.3 kW).
The transmission in the C-6R was a four-speed manual by ZF.
The car raced at Elkhart Lake a few months later, where the engine failed again. The Offy was then replaced by a Jaguar inline-six engine.
The C-6R was the last sports car built by Cunningham before the racing team made the full switch to Jaguar cars. Cunningham changed engine suppliers for the C-6R. The chassis was too narrow for the 5.5-liter Chrysler V8 engine still installed in the C-5R. The choice fell on a 3-liter, 4-cylinder unit from Offenhauser. The car featured conventional suspension, a De Dion rear axle, and a ZF four-speed quick shift gearbox. Striking was the tail fin behind the cockpit. Only one chassis of the C-6R was built.

## Racing history

The C-6R made its racing debut at the 1955 12 Hours of Sebring. The racing car was driven by Briggs Cunningham himself and John Gordon Bennett and retired just before half of the race after a gearbox failure. Victory in the race nevertheless went to Cunningham, since Mike Hawthorn and Phil Walters were the first to cross the finish line on a Jaguar D-Type that he had reported. Also at Le Mans - where Sherwood Johnston was Cunningham's partner - the C-6R failed after another gearbox failure. The only finishes Cunningham had at SCCA races were in 1957; the sports car was no longer used.
At the 1955 Le Mans the C-6R retired on lap 202. Second and third gears had failed, and the engine burned a piston, ending the car's run.
Briggs drove the car again at the Road America season-opener where the plucky Offy finally expired for good. The car sat dormant until 1957, when Alfred Momo installed a 3.8-litre Jaguar engine and transmission. Cunningham entered the car at Sebring and cracked a cylinder wall during practice. It later ran in a couple of SCCA events before being permanently retired, and is now in the Collier collection in Florida.
# Wylany

Wylany is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Trzebieszów, within Łuków County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 16 km (10 mi) north-east of Łuków and 86 km (53 mi) north of the regional capital Lublin.
# Champapuri

Champapuri, Champa Nagri or Champanagar is a neighbourhood in Bhagalpur in the Indian state of Bihar. It is the site of the ancient city of Champa, the capital of the Anga Mahajanapada. It is also the main centre of capital of cultural region of Anga.
Champapuri is claimed to be the only place where all the five kalyanas- garbha, janma, diksha, kevalagnana and moksha kalyana of Bhagwan Vasupujya took place. It is said that Bhagawan Adinatha, Bhagwan Parshwanatha and Bhagawan Mahavira had their monsoon stay at this place. Bhagawan Mahavira had his third and twelfth monsoon stay at this place. There is an idol of Bhagavan at the temple.
An ancient temple of Champanala is seen at this place.

## Significance

Champapuri is also believed to be birthplace of Vasupujya, the twelfth tirthankara.
Teerthankara Adinath divided the country into 52 Janapadas; of these one was Anga and its capital was The chief pupil - Pattadhara of Tirthankara Mahavir Sudharmaswami and Jambuswami also came here.The fervent devotees of Shri Mahavira - Shravaka Kamadeva, Sudarshan Sheth, emperor Shripala and Satee Chandanbala were also born here.
According to Aupapatika Sutra (c. 1st-2nd century CE) forms part of the 12 Jain upanga āgamas as per Śvetāmbara tradition, a holy garden Purnabhadra Chaitya was situated to the north-east of this ancient city. When Mahavira visited Champa he is said to have lodged at this chaitya.
Many Jain ascetics, like Muni Dharmaghosh, Muni Padmarath, Ashok and Anchal, attained salvation there, as it was a Siddhakshetra An ancient temple of Champanala is seen at this place.

## Archaeology

The ancient city had an occupation of the Northern Black Polished Ware culture (700-200 BCE), with a surrounding fortification and moat. It was a notable centre of trade and commerce.

## Statue Of Vasupujya

In 2014, the tallest statue of Bhagawan Vasupujya was built and donated by Smt Sona Devi Sethi Charitable Trust based at Dimapur, Nagaland. The statue is 31 feet in height and the stone for the statue was brought all the way for Karnataka.
# Esther Edler

Esther Tomine Edler (18 October 1884 – 22 October 1908) was a Norwegian actress.

## Early and personal life

Esther Edler was born on 18 October 1884 in Glemmen to ship owner and captain Jacob Edler Sørensen and Gerhardine Teresie Terjesen. She was married to actor Peter Sigurth (1881–1949) and was also known as Ester Sigurdt Abrahamsen.

## Career

Edler joined the Centralteatret in Christiania for the 1905–1906 season, where she made her debut as Suzanne in Thérèse Raquin by Émile Zola on 17 April 1905. The production was criticised however Edler's performance was praised. A month later, she played a firm but nosy maid in Bissons & Mars' farce Skilsmissens overraskelser on 27 May 1905. Edler also played Lully in Fjeldeventyret at the theatre.
The following season, Edler went on tour with Dore Lavik, where she played Gerd in Henrik Ibsen's Brand. She also appeared in a leading role in Jomfru Trofast by Vilhelm Krag in September 1906 and the play Lynggaard & Co. by Hjalmar Bergstrøm during the tour. In November 1907, she played Ms. Lohse in Klokkerne. On 24 January 1908, she played Mrs Wolf in Amalie Skram's Agnete. A month later, Edler again had a role in Brand but this time as Agnes, a role in which was lauded with one newspaper stating that her performance was the best in the production.

## Death

Edler died on 22 October 1908 in Christiania, at the age of 24.
# Kilcummin GAA

Kilcummin is a Gaelic Athletic Association club from Kilcummin, near Killarney in County Kerry, Ireland. The club, which was founded in 1910, fields teams in Gaelic football only, with no hurling played. Together with 12 other football clubs, they form the East Kerry Division of Kerry GAA. The East Kerry board runs its own competitions for clubs within the division, including the East Kerry Senior Football Championship and the East Kerry Junior Football Championship.

## Honours

* Kerry Senior Football Championship (0): (runners-up 1903, 1913, 2002)
* Kerry Intermediate Football Championship (2): 1997, 2018
* Munster Intermediate Club Football Championship (1): 2018
* All-Ireland Intermediate Club Football Championship (1): 2019
* Kerry Junior Football Championship (2): 1973, 1991
* Kerry Minor Football Championship (1): 2010
* East Kerry Senior Football Championship (2): 1925, 1973
* East Kerry Junior Football Championship (6): 1977, 1983, 1989, 1992, 1993, 2018

## Notable players

* Brendan Kealy
* Seán Kelly
* Mike McCarthy
* Mark Moynihan
* Dee O'Connor
# Univocity of being

Univocity of being is the idea that words describing the properties of God mean the same thing as when they apply to people or things. It is associated with the doctrines of the Scholastic theologian John Duns Scotus.

## Scotus

In medieval disputes over the nature of God, many theologians and philosophers (such as Thomas Aquinas) held that when one says that "God is good" and that "man is good", man's goodness is only analogous to, i.e. similar to but distinct from, God's goodness. John Duns Scotus, while not denying the analogy of being of Thomas Aquinas, nonetheless holds to a univocal concept of being.
Scotus does not believe in a "univocity of being", but rather to a common concept of being that is proper to both God and man, though in two radically distinct modes: infinite in God, finite in man.
The claim here is that we understand God because we can share in his being, and by extension, the transcendental attributes of being, namely, goodness, truth, and unity. So far as Scotus is concerned, we need to be able to understand what ‘being’ is as a concept in order to demonstrate the existence of God, lest we compare what we know - creation - to what we do not - God. Thomas Williams has defended a version of this argument.

## Gilles Deleuze

Gilles Deleuze borrowed the doctrine of ontological univocity from Scotus. He claimed that being is univocal, i.e., that all of its senses are affirmed in one voice. Deleuze adapts the doctrine of univocity to claim that being is, univocally, difference. "With univocity, however, it is not the differences which are and must be: it is being which is Difference, in the sense that it is said of difference. Moreover, it is not we who are univocal in a Being which is not; it is we and our individuality which remains equivocal in and for a univocal Being." Deleuze at once echoes and inverts Spinoza, who maintained that everything that exists is a modification of the one substance, God or Nature. He claims that it is the organizing principle of Spinoza's philosophy, despite the absence of the term from any of Spinoza's works. For Deleuze, there is no one substance, only an always-differentiating process, an origami cosmos, always folding, unfolding, refolding. Deleuze and Guattari summarize this ontology in the paradoxical formula "pluralism = monism".
# Swiss Medical Weekly

The Swiss Medical Weekly is a peer-reviewed open access medical journal published by the SMW supporting association. It was established in 1871 as the Correspondenz-Blatt für Schweizer Aerzte, then renamed to Schweizerische Medizinische Wochenschrift, before obtaining its current title in 2001. SMW was one of the first journals to adhere to the principles of Diamond open access (also known as Platinum Open Access). The editors-in-chief are Adriano Aguzzi and Gérard Waeber.

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* Directory of Open Access Journals
* EMBASE
* MEDLINE/PubMed
* Science Citation Index Expanded
According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 4.203.

## Important papers

In 1957 Roland Kuhn published an observational study on the effectiveness of Imipramine in treating Depression (mood). Other examples are the fundoplication described by Rudolf Nissen in 1956 and the first description of a haemolytic-uraemic syndrome by Conrad Gasser in 1955.
# Kalpana Ramesh Narhire

Narhire Kalpana Ramesh (Marathi: कल्पना नरहिरे) (born 25 October 1969) is a Shiv Sena politician from Osmanabad district. She was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India representing Osmanabad constituency of Maharashtra.

## Positions held

* 1995: Re-elected to Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (1st term)
* 1999: Re-elected to Maharashtra Legislative Assembly (2nd term)
* 2004: Elected to 14th Lok Sabha
# Malnicherra Tea Estate

Malnicherra Tea Estate (also known as Malnichhera Tea Garden) is a tea garden located in Sylhet district of Bangladesh. It is the oldest tea garden in the subcontinent. Malnichhera Tea Garden is not only the largest and first established tea garden in Bangladesh, but also in the subcontinent. It was established by Lord Hurdson in 1849 on 1500 acres of land. The tea garden is located a short distance from Sylhet International Airport. Harong Hurong, an ancient cave, is situated in the remote area of Malnicherra.

## History

In 1650, the first tea production began in China. Drinking tea was one of the seven tasks of the daily life of the intellectuals of the country. About 200 years later, in 1849, the first tea production started in the subcontinent in Sylhet. The British and Bangladeshis became accustomed to tea. Tea cultivation in the subcontinent originated from the Malnicherra tea garden in Sylhet. Malnicherra has been operated by many English, Pakistani and Bangladeshi merchants and has been privately owned since 1988. When former US Ambassador Harry K. Thomas passed through the garden path, he said that the world is so beautiful that it is impossible to understand without seeing the Malnichhera garden. Thousands of national and international tourists visit the tea garden every day.

## See more

* Tea production in Bangladesh
# Cham-e Zin

Cham-e Zin (Persian: چمزين) is a village in Chama Rural District of the Central District in Saman County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Ethnicity

The village is populated by Turkic people.

### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 691 in 191 households, when it was in Saman Rural District of the former Saman District in Shahrekord County. The following census in 2011 counted 720 people in 229 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 616 people in 199 households, by which time the district had been separated from the county in the establishment of Saman County. The rural district was transferred to the new Central District, and Cham-e Zin was transferred to Chama Rural District created in the district.
# Shireen Mirza

Shireen Mirza is an Indian actress. Shireen is well known and popular for her role as Simran "Simmi" Bhalla in Ye Hai Mohabbatein. Shireen has also worked in a Netflix web series called Dharamkshetra, Dhhai Kilo Prem, 24 and films like Main Nahin Anna, Not Today and Vartamaan.

## Biography

Shireen hails from Jaipur. Shireen who graduated from Maharani College, Jaipur and majored English and Dramatics. She has hosted the kids reality show Apka Sapna Hamara Apna with Ali Asgar.
Shireen married on 23 October in her hometown Jaipur.

## Television

* 2023-2024 Yeh Hai Chahatein as Nitya Bajwa
* 2022–2023 Pyar Ke Saat Vachan Dharampatnii as Mandeep Amardeep Randhawa
* 2022 Bohot Pyaar Karte Hai as Kamna Pankaj Malhotra
* 2013–2019 Ye Hai Mohabbatein as Simran "Simmi" Bhalla
* 2017 Dhhai Kilo Prem as Rashmi
* Dharamkshetra on Netflix
* 24
* 2013 Yeh Hai Aashiqui
* 2011 Anhoniyon Ka Andhera
* Gutur Gu
* Apka Sapna Humara Apna as a Host
* 2013 Savdhaan India
* Box Cricket League as Herself
* 2015–2016 Yeh Kahan Aa Gaye Hum as Dr. Shireen
* Not Today Hollywood Venture as a Main Negative Lead
* 2010 MTV Girl's Night Out as Herself (contestant)

## Filmography

* Main Nahin Anna
* Not Today and
* Vartamaan
* Love Training