OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Metoda Markovič: Straka

Metoda Markovič: Straka (The Markovič Method: Straka) is an upcoming Czech crime series. It serves as second season of Metoda Markovič: Hojer. It will focus on investigation of murders committed by Jiří Straka which was led by Jiří Markovič who previously caught another serial killer Ladislav Hojer. Straka was a minor who raped 11 women and murdered 3 of them in Spring 1985 during period of preparations for Spartakiad celebrations which earned him nickname Spartakiad Killer.

## Plot

Spring 1985, Markovič just closed Hojer case believing he just concluded biggest case of his career while the communist party is preparing the most massive sporting event of its time - the Spartakiad. Another dangerous serial killer starts rampaging through the streets of Prague. Police investigators led by Markovič find themselves under enormous pressure from state authorities. The race against time begins.

## Cast

* Petr Lněnička as mjr. Jiří Markovič
* Sarah Haváčová as Eva Markovičová
* Václav Neužil as kpt. Josef Vilímek
* Adam Mišík as por. Vlasta Červenka
* David Prachař as plk. Jaroslav Houlík
* Michal Isteník as MUDr. Petr Řemen

## Production

Nova was originally producing the series under name Straka. On 4 April 2024 the series was officially announced as Metoda Markovič: Straka.

## Future

Writer of series Jaroslav Hruška stated in an interview for Expres FM that he plans to make two additional series of The Markovič Method after Straka. The series would show work of the police at the turn of the 1980s and 1990s. He noted that interest of audience is to decide whether these series will be filmed.
# Whiteash, Illinois

Whiteash is a Census designated place in Williamson County, Illinois, United States. The population was 268 at the 2000 census, and dropped to 248 in the 2010 census. This village dissolved in 2014.

## History

Whiteash began as a coal mining community around the Chicago and Marion Coal Company's mine organized by Charles A. Gent of nearby Marion, Illinois. In 1903, Gent bought the site of the village from Samuel K. Casey, publisher of the Egyptian Press newspaper also of Marion. He in turn had inherited it from his grandfather George W. Binkley who had homesteaded the land and entered it with the government in 1837. Gent platted the village on July 3, 1903, in the northwest corner of Section 31, Township 8 South, Range 3 East of the Third Principal Meridian, also known as Lake Creek Precinct. He named the town Whiteash after the trade name he used for the coal his mine produced.
A post office opened there on February 29, 1904, with Robert T. Payne as postmaster. Residents incorporated the village the following year on June 16, 1905. The mine operated until 1922 when it filled with water and was abandoned. Mail service continued for another decade or so, finally closing on November 30, 1934. The population in 1960 was 160.

## Geography

Whiteash is located at 37°47′18″N 88°55′35″W﻿ / ﻿37.78833°N 88.92639°W﻿ / 37.78833; -88.92639 (37.788300, -88.926450).
According to the 2010 census, Whiteash has a total area of 0.884 square miles (2.29 km$^2$), of which 0.86 square miles (2.23 km$^2$) (or 97.29%) is land and 0.024 square miles (0.06 km$^2$) (or 2.71%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 268 people, 114 households, and 80 families residing in the village. The population density was 308.1 inhabitants per square mile (119.0/km$^2$). There were 121 housing units at an average density of 139.1 per square mile (53.7/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the village was 97.01% White, 0.75% African American and 2.24% Native American. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.12% of the population.
There were 114 households, out of which 31.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.5% were married couples living together, 12.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.8% were non-families. 27.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.83.
In the village, the population was spread out, with 23.1% under the age of 18, 8.2% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 23.9% from 45 to 64, and 15.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.7 males.
The median income for a household in the village was $24,167, and the median income for a family was $28,000. Males had a median income of $25,972 versus $15,938 for females. The per capita income for the village was $11,780. About 22.1% of families and 23.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 35.2% of those under the age of eighteen and 14.7% of those 65 or over.
# Order of the Liberator

The Order of the Liberator was the highest distinction of Venezuela and was appointed for services to the country, outstanding merit and benefits made to the community. For Venezuelans the order ranks first in the order of precedence from other orders, national and foreign.
The President of Venezuela is the Chief of the Order and has the faculty of appointing. By right, he wears the Collar of the Order.
The order was created by Antonio Guzmán Blanco on September 14, 1880, and reformed in 1922 under the presidential term of Juan Vicente Gómez, the Order has as precedent the Medal of Distinction with the bust of the Liberator created on March 11, 1854 under the presidency of José Gregorio Monagas and before that, the Order of the Liberators created by Simón Bolívar in 1813.
In 2010, the National Assembly of Venezuela decided to officially abolish the order and replace it with the Order of the Liberators of Venezuela.

## Grades

* Collar
* First Class (Grand Cordon)
* Second Class (Grand Officer)
* Third Class (Commander)
* Fourth Class (Officer)
* Fifth Class (Knight)
Ribbon bars of the Order of the Liberator :
| Knight | Officer | Commander | Grand Officer | Grand Cordon | Collar |
* Grand Cross set of the Order.
* Grand Cross badge (obverse).
* Grand Cross star.
* Grand Cross badge (reverse).
* Grand Cross of the Order.
* Illustration of the Knights Class.
* Grand Collar of the Order.
* Knights Cross of the Order.
* Grand Cross breast star.
* Simón Bolívar, the Orders namesake.

## Recipients
### Collars

* Mahathir Mohamad
* Juan Carlos I of Spain
* Rafael Correa
* Suharto
* Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
* Cheddi Jagan (1993)
* Alexander Lukashenko (2007)
* Muhammad Yunus
* Dmitry Medvedev (2008)
* Recep Tayyip Erdoğan (2008)
* Michelle Bachelet (2009)
* Bashar al-Assad (2010)
* Xi Jinping (2014)

### Officer

* A.J. van Koolwijk

### Unclear

* Karl Schädler (1894)

## Abolishment and replacement

In 2010, the National Assembly of Venezuela decided to officially abolish the order and replace it with the Order of the Liberators of Venezuela, a revival of the medal created by Simón Bolívar in 1813 to honor participants of the Admirable Campaign.
The new order, unlike its predecessor, has 3 classes, in ascending order:
* Arrow of the Liberators
* Lance of the Liberators
* Sword of the Liberators
The President is the order's Grand Master, and has full authority over appointments to the Order. He or she wears the collar of the Sword of the Liberators class of the order.
# Life of a Don

Life of a Don (also abbreviated to L.O.A.D.) is the second studio album by American singer and rapper Don Toliver. It was released on October 8, 2021, through Cactus Jack Records, Atlantic Records, and We Run It. The production on the album was handled by multiple producers, including Mike Dean, Mustard, Metro Boomin, Allen Ritter, Hit-Boy, Cardo, and Sonny Digital, among others. The album also features guest appearances from Travis Scott, Kali Uchis, Baby Keem, HVN, and SoFaygo.
Life of a Don was supported by two singles: "What You Need" and "Drugs n Hella Melodies". The album received generally positive reviews from music critics and was a commercial success. It debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 chart, earning 68,000 album-equivalent units in its first week.

## Release and promotion

On February 2, 2021, Don Toliver cryptically announced Life of a Don via Twitter. Toliver's Cactus Jack Records label boss, American rapper and singer Travis Scott, teased his excitement and involvement in the album in a tweet on April 9. Toliver had previously planned to release the album in July 2021. On September 28, Toliver announced the release date of the album and revealed its cover art a few hours later. He also teased the opening track, "Xscape", in a trailer video of the album. To support the album, Toliver went on tour with American rapper Bia, serving as a special guest.

### Singles

Two singles preceded the release of the album. The lead single, "What You Need", was released on May 4, 2021. The second single, "Drugs n Hella Melodies", featuring Toliver's girlfriend, Colombian-American singer Kali Uchis, was released on June 18, 2021. Both music videos were filmed in Colombia and released alongside the songs on their respective release dates.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Aggregate scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 73/100 |
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| Clash | 8/10 |
| HipHopDX | 3.2/5 |
| NME | |
| Pitchfork | 7.2/10 |
| Rolling Stone | |
Life of a Don was met with generally positive reviews. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from professional publications, the album received an average score of 73, based on six reviews.

## Commercial performance

Life of a Don debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 chart, earning 68,000 album-equivalent units, (including 18,000 copies in pure album sales) in its first week. This became Toliver's second US top-ten debut on the chart and highest-charting album to date. The album also accumulated a total of 64.13 million on-demand streams from the album's songs.

## Track listing

Notes
* "Xscape", "Outerspace", and "Bogus" are stylized in all caps.
# Lagoa Alegre

Lagoa Alegre is a municipality in the state of Piauí in the Northeast region of Brazil.
# 2000 in Macau

Events from the year 2000 in Macau, China.

## Incumbents

* Chief Executive - Edmund Ho
* President of the Legislative Assembly - Susana Chou

## Events
### January

* 18 January - The establishment of Liaison Office of the Central People's Government in the Macao Special Administrative Region.

### May

* 28 May - 2000 Hong Kong–Macau Interport.
# Gülermak

Gülermak Ağır Sanayi İnşaat ve Taahhüt A Ş. (Gülermak in short form; English: "Gülermak Heavy Industry Construction and Contracting") is a Turkish construction company, especially for rail transport, established in 1958.

## Overview

Gülermak has been involved in constructing more than 260 km of underground tunnels and 120 metro stations. According to Engineering News-Record (ENR), in 2020 the company was the 124th international contractor in the world with revenues of $699.1 million. The company has offices in Ankara (Turkey), and Warsaw (Poland), Dubai (United Arab Emirates), Stockholm (Sweden) and Mumbai (India). Gülermak undertakes construction projects internationally, especially for rail transport, for example in India, Norway, Poland, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, etc. Gülermak has been contributed to construction projects such as the following:
* Expressway S2 (Poland)
* Golden Horn Metro Bridge
* Istanbul Metro
* M4 (Istanbul Metro)
* Pune Metro
* Route 2020 (Dubai Metro)
* Kanpur Metro
* Świnoujście Tunnel
Gülermak is part of the ExpoLink Consortium, established in 2016, comprising Alstom, Acciona, and Gülermak, that is constructing the Route 2020 metro line, part of the Dubai Metro, linking Expo 2020 to the Red Line. In 2020, Gülermak was awarded a Kraków tram line contract in Poland. Examples of projects include metro stations and infrastructure in India, a metro line branch in Dubai, the underground in Warsaw. Gülermak has its own assembly lines.
The company's projects, especially tunnelling using tunnel boring machines (TBMs), have been discussed in peer-reviewed papers. Record-breaking results involving the company have been reported on the Dudullu-Bostancı Metro Line in Istanbul.
In 2023 Gülermak entered into an eight-year joint venture with Alstom (French manufacturer) and Arcada (a Romanian construction company) . The consortium of organisations won their bid for the 1.82 billion Euro contract to design and construct the first metro line in Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

## Controversy

In 2017, it was reported that the company experienced delays in the software for the signalling system of the Ankara-Konya High-Speed Train. In early 2021, there were reported issues with salary payments for the company's workers during the construction of the Sabiha Gökçen Airport metro.
# Camouflaj

Camouflaj is a video game development company based in Bellevue, Washington. Founded in 2011 by Ryan Payton, the studio is most known for developing République, Iron Man VR, and Batman: Arkham Shadow. The studio was acquired by Meta Platforms in 2022.

## History

The studio was founded in September 2011 by Ryan Payton, who had previously worked at Kojima Productions and 343 Industries. He left 343 Industries to found his own studio due to his lack of motivation working on Halo 4 and his desire of working on games that are of smaller scale. Seeing the success of mobile game such as Infinity Blade, the studio began pitching their next project named République to various publishers such as Bungie. With no partner willing to publish the game, the studio decided to crowdfund it through Kickstarter. The project was funded on May 11, 2012 with a total of $555,662, and it was released episodically starting with "Episode 1: Exordium" in December 2013. The studio also partnered with GungHo Online Entertainment in June 2015 to publish the game. République concluded with "Episode 5: Terminus" in March 2016.
At E3 2016, Payton met with the head of Marvel Games, Jay Ong, who expressed interest in collaborating with the studio to work on a virtual reality game. The VR project, Iron Man VR, was created with a team of more than 50 people. The game was released for PlayStation VR in July 2020. In late 2020, Meta Platforms approached Camouflaj for the development of a new project with a bigger budget and larger scope. Camouflaj then began pitching for a Batman game to Warner Bros. and DC Comics for six months. The project later became Batman: Arkham Shadow, with former members of Rocksteady Studios contributing to the project. In March 2022, the studio opened a second office in Kamakura, Japan. In October 2022, Meta Platforms announced that it had fully acquired the studio. Arkham Shadow was released in October 2024 to critical acclaim, and it won Best VR/AR Game at The Game Awards 2024 and Immersive Reality Game of the Year at the 28th Annual D.I.C.E. Awards.

## Games developed

| Year | Title | Publisher | Genre |
| 2013-2016 | République | GungHo Online Entertainment | Action-adventure |
| 2020 | Iron Man VR | Sony Interactive Entertainment | First-person shooter |
| 2024 | Batman: Arkham Shadow | Oculus Studios | Action-adventure |
# Chapman Memorial Field

Chapman Memorial Field (FAA LID: 6CM) is a privately owned public-use airport located two nautical miles (4 km) southwest of the central business district of Centerburg, in Knox County, Ohio, United States.

## Facilities and aircraft

Chapman Memorial Field covers an area of 40 acres (16 ha) at an elevation of 1,180 feet (360 m) above mean sea level. It has one runway designated 9/27 with a turf surface measuring 3,200 by 80 feet (975 x 24 m).
There is no fixed-base operator at the airport.
For the 12-month period ending April 8, 2010, the airport had 4,000 general aviation aircraft operations, an average of 10 per day. At that time there were 32 aircraft based at this airport: 75% single-engine and 6% multi-engine airplanes as well as 19% ultralight.

## Accidents and incidents

* On July 14, 2009, an experimental Antares MA-33 sustained substantial damage when it impacted terrain after departure from the Chapman Field. A witness reported that the weight-shift controlled aircraft departed from the grass airstrip when the plane seemed to go up and then the left wing dipped, and then the airplane spiraled to the ground. The probable cause of the accident was found to be the pilot's failure to maintain adequate airspeed resulting in an aerodynamic stall.
* On June 29, 2012, a Zenith STOL CH 701 crashed during an attempted go-around at the Chapman Memorial Airport. While flying to warm the engine prior to an oil change, the pilot added power to attempt the go-around. The airplane yawed left. Though the pilot attempted to correct with right rudder, the pedal was ineffectual. Upon realizing the aircraft was headed for trees, the pilot added additional power to outclimb them; however, the airplane struck the trees' upper branches, at which point the pilot reduced power and performed a forced landing in a nearby shallow pond. There were found to be no preimpact anomalies that would preclude normal operations. The probable cause of the accident was found to be the pilot’s inability to actuate the airplane’s rudder during an attempted go-around for reasons that could not be determined.
# Fleiss

Fleiss is a German surname meaning "diligence". Notable people with the surname include:
* Heidi Fleiss (born 1965), American madam
* Jennifer Fleiss, American fashion executive
* Joseph L. Fleiss (1937–2003), American biostatistician
* Laura Kaeppeler-Fleiss (born 1988), American beauty pageant winner
* Mike Fleiss (born 1964), American television producer
* Nika Fleiss (born 1984), Croatian skier
* Noah Fleiss (born 1984), American actor
* Paul M. Fleiss (1933–2014), American pediatrician
# Statue of Alexander von Humboldt (Chicago)

The Alexander von Humboldt statue is a monumental statue in Chicago, Illinois, United States. Located in Humboldt Park, a major urban park in the Humboldt Park neighborhood, the statue depicts Alexander von Humboldt, a Prussian polymath and the park's namesake. The statue was dedicated in 1892.

## History

The park and surrounding neighborhood were named in honor of Alexander von Humboldt, a Prussian polymath who, among other things, made numerous scientific voyages throughout the Americas during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Despite never having visited Chicago during any of his journeys, he became the park's namesake in 1869. According to Chicago's NPR affiliate, the name was chosen due to "ethnic politics", as German Americans made up a significant portion of the neighborhood's population and were considered a growing voting bloc in the politics of Chicago. The monument was paid for by Francis Dewes, a German-born brewer who is also known for the Francis J. Dewes House in Chicago.
The statue was dedicated on October 16, 1892. The unveiling ceremony, which saw speeches given in English, German, and Swedish, attracted approximately 20,000 spectators. The bronze figure of Humboldt was sculpted by a German sculptor named Felix Görling and was cast in the Gladenbeck foundry in Berlin. The pedestal was designed and made by H.C. Hoffman & Co., a Chicago-based company, using granite from Freeport, Maine. Notable speakers at the unveiling included Chicago Mayor Hempstead Washburne and University of Chicago professor Albion Woodbury Small. The statue is one of several of Humboldt erected in the United States during the 1800s, alongside statues in Philadelphia, St. Louis, and the Cleveland Cultural Gardens.

## Design

The monument features a bronze sculpture of Humboldt atop a granite pedestal, with the entire height of the monument being approximately 10 feet (3.0 m). Humboldt is posed as a lecturer, with a flower in his raised right hand and a book in his left hand, which is resting on a tree stump. A globe and other smaller symbols of some of the scientific fields Humboldt was involved in are present near his feet.
# Nasirabad, Lordegan

Nasirabad (Persian: نصيراباد) is a village in Barez Rural District of Manj District in Lordegan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 370 in 66 households. The following census in 2011 counted 384 people in 77 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 413 people in 100 households.
# Wola Dubowska

Wola Dubowska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Łomazy, within Biała Podlaska County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north of Łomazy, 8 km (5 mi) south of Biała Podlaska, and 89 km (55 mi) north-east of the regional capital Lublin.
# Amalendu Krishna

Amalendu Krishna (born 2 August 1971) is an Indian mathematician in the Department of Mathematics, University of California at Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, specializing in algebraic cycles and K-theory. He was awarded the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, India's highest prize for excellence in science, mathematics and technology, in the mathematical sciences category in 2016. The next year he was recognized on the Asian Scientist 100.

## Career

Krishna was a recipient of the ICTP Ramanujan Prize in the year 2015. The ICTP Ramanujan Prize for Young Mathematicians from Developing Countries is awarded annually by the International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy and named after Srinivasa Ramanujan jointly with the Department of Science and Technology (Government of India), and the International Mathematical Union. It was founded in 2004 and was first awarded in 2005. The Prize is awarded to a researcher less than 45 years of age, who has conducted outstanding research in a developing country. This is the second time it is being awarded to an Indian, with Sujatha Ramadorai having won it in 2006. According to website of the International Centre for Theoretical Physics: "The prize is in recognition of Krishna's outstanding contributions in the area of algebraic K-theory, algebraic cycles and the theory of motives. In his work, Krishna has shown an impressive command of a very technical subject, applying the modern theories of algebraic K-theory and Voevodsky's theory of motives to study concrete problems. His results on 0-cycles on algebraic varieties with isolated singularities effectively reduces their study to the corresponding study on the desingularization, together with information about multiples of the exceptional divisors. This allows the complete calculation of the Chow group of 0-cycles on an algebraic variety in many cases, like the case of rational varieties or cones. Working initially with Levine, and later with Park, Krishna built up the original constructions of Bloch-Esnault on additive Chow groups into a full theory. This includes proving fundamental properties, such as the contravariant functoriality and a projective bundle formula, as well as constructing an action of the usual higher Chow groups on the additive ones."
Amalendu Krishna hails from Madhubani, Bihar, where he had his school education. He dropped out of IIT, Kanpur, after getting disillusioned by the job-oriented focus of engineering students there. He joined the Indian Statistical Institute in Kolkata. After completing post-graduate studies there in 1996, he joined TIFR to pursue PhD studies. He completed his PhD from TIFR under the supervision of Vasudevan Srinivas in 2001. During 2001 - 2004 he was Hedrick Assistant Professor in University of California, Los Angeles, and during 2004/05 he was at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton University. In 2005 he returned to TIFR as a faculty. In 2020 he moved to the Indian Institute of Science as a professor.
# TLJ

TLJ may refer to:
* Star Wars: The Last Jedi, a 2017 film
* The Liberian Journal, a US-based Liberian news site
* Talinga language (ISO 639-3: tlj), spoken in the Uganda–Congo border region
* Tatalina LRRS Airport (IATA code: TLJ), a military airstrip
* The Longest Johns, a British folk music group
* The Longest Journey, an adventure game by Funcom