# New Mexico's 1st congressional district

New Mexico's 1st congressional district of the United States House of Representatives serves the central area of New Mexico, including most of Bernalillo County, all of Torrance County, and parts of Sandoval, Santa Fe, and Valencia counties. It includes almost three-fourths of Albuquerque. The district has a notable Native American presence, encompassing several pueblos, including the Pueblo of Laguna and Sandia Pueblo, and the Tohajiilee Navajo Reservation outside Albuquerque. The seat is currently represented by Democrat Melanie Stansbury. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of D+6, it is the most Democratic district in New Mexico, a state with an all-Democratic congressional delegation.
The district in recent years has, unlike other districts in the state, had a strong track record of its representatives ascending to higher office. Deb Haaland, Stansbury's predecessor, resigned in 2021 to become the United States Secretary of the Interior. Her predecessor, Michelle Lujan Grisham, took office as governor of New Mexico in 2019. Grisham's own predecessor, Martin Heinrich, was elected to the United States Senate in 2012.

## History

Until the 1968 elections, New Mexico's representatives were all elected at-large statewide. Starting in 1969, however, they were elected by districts.

### Historical district boundaries
## Recent election results from statewide races

| Year | Office | Results |
| 2008 | President | Obama 56% - 43% |
| 2008 | Senate | Udall 60% - 40% |
| 2010 | Governor | Martinez 55% - 45% |
| 2010 | Secretary of State | Duran 61% - 39% |
| 2010 | Attorney General | King 51% - 49% |
| 2010 | Treasurer | Lewis 54% - 46% |
| 2010 | Auditor | Balderas 53% - 47% |
| 2012 | President | Obama 54% - 46% |
| 2012 | Senate | Heinrich 49% - 47% |
| 2014 | Senate | Udall 53% - 47% |
| 2014 | Governor | Martinez 59% - 41% |
| 2014 | Secretary of State | Duran 51% - 49% |
| 2014 | Attorney General | Balderas 58% - 42% |
| 2014 | Treasurer | Eichenberg 52% - 48% |
| 2014 | Auditor | Keller 55% - 45% |
| 2016 | President | Clinton 47% - 39% |
| 2016 | Secretary of State (Spec.) | Toulouse Oliver 58% - 42% |
| 2018 | Senate | Heinrich 54% - 30% |
| 2018 | Governor | Lujan Grisham 57% - 43% |
| 2018 | Attorney General | Balderas 63% - 32% |
| 2018 | Auditor | Colón 59% - 41% |
| 2020 | President | Biden 56% - 42% |
| 2020 | Senate | Ray Luján 52% - 45% |
| 2022 | Governor | Lujan Grisham 53% - 45% |
| 2022 | Secretary of State | Toulouse Oliver 57% - 41% |
| 2022 | Attorney General | Torrez 56% - 44% |
| 2022 | Treasurer | L. Montoya 54% - 46% |
| 2022 | Auditor | Maestas 63% - 37% |
| 2024 | President | Harris 55% - 42% |
| 2024 | Senate | Heinrich 57% - 43% |

## Composition

For the 118th and successive Congresses (based on redistricting following the 2020 census), the district contains all or portions of the following counties and communities:
Bernalillo County (18)
    Albuquerque (part; also 2nd), Barton (shared with Santa Fe County), Carnuel, Cedar Crest, Cedro, Chilili, Edgewood (shared with Sandoval and Santa Fe counties), Edith Enclave, Kirtland AFB, Los Ranchos de Albuquerque, Manzano Springs (shared with Torrance County), North Valley, Paa-Ko, Paradise Hills, Ponderosa Pine, San Antonito, Sandia Heights, Sandia Knolls, Sedillo, Tijeras
Chaves County (1)
    Roswell (part; also 3rd)
De Baca County (2)
    Fort Sumner, Lake Sumner
Guadalupe County (7)
    All 7 communities
Lincoln County (6)
    All 6 communities
Otero County (0)
    No incorporated or census-recognized communities
Sandoval County (8)
    Bernalillo, Corrales, Edgewood (shared with Bernalillo and Santa Fe counties) La Madera, Placitas, Pueblo of Sandia Village, Rio Rancho (part; also 2nd; shared with Bernalillo County), Rio Rancho Estates (part; also 3rd)
Santa Fe County (5)
    Barton (shared with Bernalillo County), Cedar Grove (part; also 3rd), Edgewood (shared with Bernalillo and Sandoval counties), San Pedro (part; also 3rd), Thunder Mountain
Torrance County (14)
    All 14 communities
Valencia County (12)
    Adelino, Bosque Farms, El Cerro, El Cerro Mission, Las Maravillas, Meadow Lake, Monterey Park, Los Lunas (part; also 2nd), Peralta, Rio Communities, Tome, Valencia

## List of members representing the district

| Member (District home) | Party | Years | Cong ress | Electoral history | District location |
| District established January 3, 1969 ||||||
| Manuel Lujan Jr. (Albuquerque) | Republican | January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1989 | 91st 92nd 93rd 94th 95th 96th 97th 98th 99th 100th | Elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Re-elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Re-elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Retired. | 1969–1983 [data missing] |
| Manuel Lujan Jr. (Albuquerque) | Republican | January 3, 1969 – January 3, 1989 | 91st 92nd 93rd 94th 95th 96th 97th 98th 99th 100th | Elected in 1968. Re-elected in 1970. Re-elected in 1972. Re-elected in 1974. Re-elected in 1976. Re-elected in 1978. Re-elected in 1980. Re-elected in 1982. Re-elected in 1984. Re-elected in 1986. Retired. | 1983–1993 Bernalillo, De Baca, Guadalupe, and Torrance |
| Steven Schiff (Albuquerque) | Republican | January 3, 1989 – March 25, 1998 | 101st 102nd 103rd 104th 105th | Elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Re-elected in 1992. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Died. | 1983–1993 Bernalillo, De Baca, Guadalupe, and Torrance |
| Steven Schiff (Albuquerque) | Republican | January 3, 1989 – March 25, 1998 | 101st 102nd 103rd 104th 105th | Elected in 1988. Re-elected in 1990. Re-elected in 1992. Re-elected in 1994. Re-elected in 1996. Died. | 1993–2003 Torrance; parts of Bernalillo, Sandoval, Santa Fe, and Valencia |
| Vacant | Vacant | March 25, 1998 – June 25, 1998 | 105th | | 1993–2003 Torrance; parts of Bernalillo, Sandoval, Santa Fe, and Valencia |
| Heather Wilson (Albuquerque) | Republican | June 25, 1998 – January 3, 2009 | 105th 106th 107th 108th 109th 110th | Elected to finish Schiff's term. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Retired to run for U.S. senator. | 1993–2003 Torrance; parts of Bernalillo, Sandoval, Santa Fe, and Valencia |
| Heather Wilson (Albuquerque) | Republican | June 25, 1998 – January 3, 2009 | 105th 106th 107th 108th 109th 110th | Elected to finish Schiff's term. Re-elected in 1998. Re-elected in 2000. Re-elected in 2002. Re-elected in 2004. Re-elected in 2006. Retired to run for U.S. senator. | 2003–2013 Torrance; parts of Bernalillo, Sandoval, Santa Fe, and Valencia |
| Martin Heinrich (Albuquerque) | Democratic | January 3, 2009 – January 3, 2013 | 111th 112th | Elected in 2008. Re-elected in 2010. Retired to run for U.S. senator. | 2003–2013 Torrance; parts of Bernalillo, Sandoval, Santa Fe, and Valencia |
| Michelle Lujan Grisham (Albuquerque) | Democratic | January 3, 2013 – January 1, 2019 | 113th 114th 115th | Elected in 2012. Re-elected in 2014. Re-elected in 2016. Resigned when elected Governor of New Mexico. | 2013–2023 Torrance; parts of Bernalillo, Sandoval, Santa Fe, and Valencia |
| Vacant | Vacant | January 1, 2019 – January 3, 2019 | 115th | | 2013–2023 Torrance; parts of Bernalillo, Sandoval, Santa Fe, and Valencia |
| Deb Haaland (Albuquerque) | Democratic | January 3, 2019 – March 16, 2021 | 116th 117th | Elected in 2018. Re-elected in 2020. Resigned to become U.S. Secretary of the Interior. | 2013–2023 Torrance; parts of Bernalillo, Sandoval, Santa Fe, and Valencia |
| Vacant | Vacant | March 16, 2021 – June 14, 2021 | 117th | | 2013–2023 Torrance; parts of Bernalillo, Sandoval, Santa Fe, and Valencia |
| Melanie Stansbury (Albuquerque) | Democratic | June 14, 2021 – present | 117th 118th 119th | Elected to finish Haaland's term. Re-elected in 2022. Re-elected in 2024. | 2013–2023 Torrance; parts of Bernalillo, Sandoval, Santa Fe, and Valencia |
| Melanie Stansbury (Albuquerque) | Democratic | June 14, 2021 – present | 117th 118th 119th | Elected to finish Haaland's term. Re-elected in 2022. Re-elected in 2024. | 2023–present De Baca, Guadalupe, Lincoln, and Torrance; parts of Bernalillo, Chaves, Otero, Sandoval, Santa Fe, and Valencia |

## Election results
### 1968

1968 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Manuel Lujan Jr. | 88,517 | 52.85 |
| | Democratic | Thomas G. Morris | 78,117 | 46.64 |
| | Independent | William Higgs | 854 | 0.51 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 167,488 | 100.00 |
| | Republican win (new seat) | Republican win (new seat) | Republican win (new seat) | Republican win (new seat) |

### 1970

1970 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Manuel Lujan Jr. (incumbent) | 91,187 | 58.53 |
| | Democratic | Fabian Chavez Jr. | 64,598 | 41.47 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 155,785 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1972

1972 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Manuel Lujan Jr. (incumbent) | 118,403 | 55.68 |
| | Democratic | Eugene Gallegos | 94,239 | 44.32 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 212,642 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1974

1974 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Manuel Lujan Jr. (incumbent) | 106,268 | 58.61 |
| | Democratic | Roberto Mondragón | 71,968 | 39.69 |
| | American Independent | Martin Molloy | 3,069 | 1.70 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 181,305 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1976

1976 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Manuel Lujan Jr. (incumbent) | 162,587 | 72.09 |
| | Democratic | Raymond Garcia | 61,800 | 27.40 |
| | Raza Unida | Jesus Aragom | 1,159 | 0.51 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 225,546 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1978

1978 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Manuel Lujan Jr. (incumbent) | 118,075 | 62.53 |
| | Democratic | Robert M. Hawk | 70,761 | 37.47 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 188,836 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1980

1980 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Manuel Lujan Jr. (incumbent) | 125,910 | 51.01 |
| | Democratic | Bill Richardson | 120,903 | 48.99 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 246,813 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1982

1982 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Manuel Lujan Jr. (incumbent) | 74,459 | 52.44 |
| | Democratic | Jan A. Hartke | 67,534 | 47.56 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 141,993 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1984

1984 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Manuel Lujan Jr. (incumbent) | 115,808 | 64.94 |
| | Democratic | Charles Ted Asbury | 60,598 | 33.98 |
| | Libertarian | Stephen P. Curtis | 1,936 | 1.08 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 178,342 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1986

1986 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Manuel Lujan Jr. (incumbent) | 90,476 | 70.89 |
| | Democratic | Manny Garcia | 37,138 | 29.10 |
| | Write-in | Write-in | 18 | 0.01 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 127,632 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1988

1988 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Steven Schiff | 89,985 | 50.56 |
| | Democratic | Tom Udall | 84,138 | 47.28 |
| | Libertarian | Allen Montgomery Parkman | 3,839 | 2.16 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 177,962 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1990

1990 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Steven Schiff (incumbent) | 97,375 | 70.22 |
| | Democratic | Rebecca Vigil-Giron | 41,306 | 29.78 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 138,681 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1992

1992 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Steven Schiff (incumbent) | 128,426 | 62.58 |
| | Democratic | Robert J. Aragon | 76,600 | 37.33 |
| | Write-in | Write-in | 188 | 0.09 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 205,214 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1994

1994 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Steven Schiff (incumbent) | 119,996 | 73.93 |
| | Democratic | Peter L. Zollinger | 42,316 | 26.07 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 162,312 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1996

1996 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Steven Schiff (incumbent) | 109,290 | 56.60 |
| | Democratic | John Wertheim | 71,635 | 37.10 |
| | Green | John A. Uhrich | 7,694 | 3.98 |
| | Independent | Betty Turrietta-Koury | 4,459 | 2.32 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 193,078 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1998 (Special)

1998 New Mexico's 1st congressional district special election :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Heather Wilson | 54,853 | 44.58 |
| | Democratic | Phillip Maloof | 48,747 | 39.62 |
| | Green | Robert Anderson | 18,108 | 14.72 |
| | Libertarian | Bruce Bush | 1,337 | 1.09 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 123,045 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 1998

1998 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Heather Wilson (incumbent) | 86,784 | 48.44 |
| | Democratic | Phillip Maloof | 75,040 | 41.88 |
| | Green | Robert Anderson | 17,266 | 9.64 |
| | Write-in | Write-in | 78 | 0.04 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 179,168 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 2000

2000 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Heather Wilson (incumbent) | 107,296 | 50.34 |
| | Democratic | John J. Kelly | 92,187 | 43.25 |
| | Green | Daniel Kerlinsky | 13,656 | 6.41 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 213,139 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 2002

2002 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Heather Wilson (incumbent) | 95,711 | 55.34 |
| | Democratic | Richard M. Romero | 77,234 | 44.66 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 172,945 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 2004

2004 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Heather Wilson (incumbent) | 147,372 | 54.40 |
| | Democratic | Richard M. Romero | 123,339 | 45.53 |
| | Republican | Orlin G. Cole (write-in) | 194 | 0.07 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 270,905 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 2006

2006 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Republican | Heather Wilson (incumbent) | 105,986 | 50.20 |
| | Democratic | Patricia A. Madrid | 105,125 | 49.80 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 211,111 | 100.00 |
| | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold | Republican hold |

### 2008

2008 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Martin Heinrich | 166,271 | 55.65 |
| | Republican | Darren White | 132,485 | 44.35 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 298,756 | 100.00 |
| | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican | Democratic gain from Republican |

### 2010

2010 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Martin Heinrich (incumbent) | 112,707 | 51.88 |
| | Republican | Jon Barela | 104,543 | 48.12 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 217,250 | 100.00 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

### 2012

New Mexico 1st Congressional District 2012 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Michelle Lujan Grisham | 162,924 | 59.06 |
| | Republican | Janice Arnold-Jones | 112,473 | 40.77 |
| | Green | Jeanne Pahls (write-in) | 459 | 0.17 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 275,856 | 100.00 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

### 2014

2014 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Michelle Lujan Grisham (incumbent) | 105,474 | 58.59 |
| | Republican | Michael Frese | 74,558 | 41.41 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 180,032 | 100.00 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

### 2016

2016 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Michelle Lujan Grisham (incumbent) | 181,088 | 65.15 |
| | Republican | Richard Gregory Priem | 96,879 | 34.85 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 277,967 | 100.00 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

### 2018

2018 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Deb Haaland | 144,302 | 59.02 |
| | Republican | Janice Arnold-Jones | 89,066 | 36.43 |
| | Libertarian | Lloyd J Princeton | 11,143 | 4.56 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 244,511 | 100.00 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

### 2020

2020 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Deb Haaland (incumbent) | 186,953 | 58.19 |
| | Republican | Michelle Garcia Holmes | 134,337 | 41.81 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 321,290 | 100.00 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

### 2021 (special)

New Mexico's 1st congressional district special election, 2021 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Melanie Stansbury | 79,837 | 60.36 |
| | Republican | Mark Moores | 47,111 | 35.62 |
| | Independent | Aubrey Dunn Jr. | 3,534 | 2.67 |
| | Libertarian | Chris Manning | 1,734 | 1.31 |
| | Write-in | Write-in | 46 | 0.03 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 132,262 | 100.00 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

### 2022

2022 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Melanie Stansbury (incumbent) | 156,462 | 55.75 |
| | Republican | Michelle Garcia Holmes | 124,151 | 44.23 |
| | Write-in | Write-in | 58 | 0.02 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 280,671 | 100.00 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |

### 2024

2024 United States House of Representatives elections in New Mexico, district 1 :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| | Democratic | Melanie Stansbury (incumbent) | 193,203 | 56.37 |
| | Republican | Steve Jones | 149,546 | 43.63 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 342,749 | 100.00 |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Democratic hold |