OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Manchester (cigarette)

Manchester is a brand of cigarettes based in Dubai, United Arab Emirates owned by Syrian businessman Khaled al-Mahamid through J.S.S Tobacco Limited. While the brand itself is believed to be legal, its products have frequently appeared in the illicit cigarette trade outside the UAE, particularly in Australia.

## Background

The brand is believed to have existed since at least the late 2000s. A tobacco industry report from 2013 suggested that in that year, Manchester accounted for 1.2% of total manufactured cigarette consumption in Australia, higher than any other illicit brand. A separate tobacco industry report from 2024 suggested that in 2022, Manchester accounted for 1.4% of total manufactured cigarettes in Australia, which rose to 4.6% in 2023.
Illicit Manchester cigarettes have also been found and seized in Ireland.

## Manufacture

The manufacture of Manchester cigarettes is believed to take place in the Jebel Ali Free Zone in Dubai.

## Ownership and corporate structure

The Manchester brand is owned by Syrian businessman Khaled al-Mahamid through J.S.S Tobacco Limited. A second company, Adam General Trading, is believed to be involved in the distribution of Manchester cigarettes from Dubai, but has not been suggested as involved in criminal activity. Al-Mahamid is said to have a managerial role in Adam General Trading.
# Ptyche, Donetsk Oblast

Ptyche (Ukrainian: Птиче; Russian: Птичье) is a rural settlement (selyshche) in Pokrovsk Raion of Donetsk Oblast in eastern Ukraine. It belongs to Novohrodivka urban hromada.

## History
### Russian invasion of Ukraine

The settlement was captured by Russian Forces in August 2024.

## Demographics

As of the 2001 Ukrainian census, the settlement had 276 inhabitants, whose native languages were 60.22% Ukrainian, 39.42% Russian and 0.36%.
# Arkansas State Red Wolves men's basketball

The Arkansas State Red Wolves men's basketball (formerly the Indians) team represents Arkansas State University in Jonesboro, Arkansas, United States. The school's team currently competes in the Sun Belt Conference. They play their home games at the First National Bank Arena. They are led by head coach Bryan Hodgson, who took over on March 22, 2023. The Red Wolves made their first and to date only appearance in the NCAA tournament in 1999 after winning the 1999 Sun Belt Conference Championship. Their most notable alum is ‘Hoop Dreams’ star, Arthur Agee.

## Postseason results
### NCAA Division I Tournament results

The Red Wolves have appeared in one NCAA Division I Tournament. Their record is 0–1.
| Year | Round | Opponent | Result |
| 1999 | First round | Utah | L 58–80 |

### NCAA Division II Tournament results

The Red Wolves have appeared in six NCAA Division II Tournaments. Their combined record is 5–7.
| Year | Round | Opponent | Result |
| 1958 | Regional semifinals Regional 3rd-place game | Regis Centenary | L 47–48 W 83–70 |
| 1960 | Regional semifinals Regional 3rd-place game | Evansville Buffalo | L 74–91 L 52–53 |
| 1962 | Regional semifinals Regional Finals | Lamar Southeast Missouri State | W 66–65 L 64–76 |
| 1963 | Regional semifinals Regional 3rd-place game | Lamar Southeast Missouri State | L 88–89 W 77–75 |
| 1966 | Regional semifinals Regional 3rd-place game | Missouri State Jackson State | L 71–72 W 84–77 |
| 1967 | Regional semifinals Regional 3rd-place game | Lincoln (MO) Arkansas AM&N | L 80–93 W 105–93 |

### NAIA Tournament results

The Red Wolves have appeared in two NAIA Tournaments. Their combined record is 0–2.
| Year | Round | Opponent | Result |
| 1947 | First round | Beloit | L 60–75 |
| 1949 | First round | Hamline | L 43–76 |

### NIT results

The Red Wolves have appeared in the National Invitation Tournament (NIT) four times. Their combined record is 4–4.
| Year | Round | Opponent | Result |
| 1987 | First round | Arkansas | L 64–67 |
| 1988 | First round Second Round Quarterfinals | Louisiana–Monroe Stanford Colorado State | W 70–54 W 60–59 L 49–69 |
| 1989 | First round | Nebraska | L 79–81 |
| 1991 | First round Second Round Quarterfinals | Rice Memphis Colorado | W 78–71 W 58–57 L 75–81 |

## Notable players
### Red Wolves in the NBA

Arkansas State has had 3 former players who have gone on to play in the NBA.
| Name | Years in NBA |
| John Dickson | 1968 |
| Patrick Eddie | 1992 |
| Jerry Rook | 1970 |
# Turney Center Industrial Complex

The Turney Center Industrial Complex is a state prison in Only, Hickman County, Tennessee, owned and operated by the Tennessee Department of Correction. The facility opened in 1971 originally serving as Turney Center for Youthful Offenders. Later changed to Turney Center Prison, Turney Center Industrial Farm and Prison and by 2008 assuming its current name of Turney Center Industrial Complex.
Turney also has a minimum-security Annex at 245 Carroll Road, Clifton, Wayne County, Tennessee. This facility opened in 1985 and was formerly the Wayne County Boot Camp.

## Notable prisoners

* Brandon E. Banks - rapist in Vanderbilt rape case,serving 15 years.
* Kong Bounnam - featured in I (Almost) Got Away with It
* Bruce Mendenhall - "The Truckstop Killer"
* Jamie Ellison Rouse - perpetrator of the 1995 Richland High School shooting
# Clemens Vonnegut

Clemens Vonnegut Sr. (November 20, 1824 – December 13, 1906) was a German emigrant to the United States and successful businessman. He was the patriarch of the prominent German-American Vonnegut clan (later Schnull-Vonnegut) of Indiana – he was the father and grandfather of architects Bernard Vonnegut I and Kurt Vonnegut Sr., respectively, and great-grandfather of scientist Bernard Vonnegut and author Kurt Vonnegut Jr.

## Early life

Vonnegut was born in Münster, Westphalia, to a tax collector father who was an official for the Duke of Westphalia. Instead of continuing his university education to Ph.D. level, he decided to work as a salesman for a textile firm in Amsterdam. In 1851, at the age of 27, he emigrated to the United States, and arrived in Indianapolis in 1851. Another source states that he arrived in New York City in mid-1851.

## Vonnegut Hardware Company

In Indiana he formed Vollmer & Vonnegut retail hardware and sundry merchandise store with a German immigrant named Charles Vollmer (who left for the Wild West in 1853). After 1853, the firm was renamed Vonnegut Hardware Company, and remained under his family's control after his death.

## Personal life

He married Katarina Blank in 1852 and moved to a modest house on West Market Street, Indianapolis. He had four sons: Clemens Jr., Franklin, Bernard, and George. He was the sometime chairman and chief administrative officer of the Board of School Commissioners of the City of Indianapolis. A city school was named for him. "He greatly admired Benjamin Franklin, whom he called an American saint, and named his third son after him...." He died aged 82 on December 13, 1906, in Indianapolis. He was buried March 29, 1907 at Crown Hill Cemetery in the Vonnegut family plot.

## Derivation of name

The family name is derived from a distant forebear who had an estate ("ein Gut" in German) on the river Funne, hence the surname Funnegut. Subsequently, Funnegut was changed to Vonnegut since Funnegut sounded too much like "funny gut" in English.
# Kojatice, Prešov District

Kojatice (Hungarian: Kajáta) is a village and municipality in Prešov District in the Prešov Region of eastern Slovakia.

## History

In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1248.

## Geography

The municipality lies at an altitude of 346 metres and covers an area of 10.69 km$^2$ (4.13 sq mi) (2020-06-30/-07-01).

## Population

It has a population of about 1,150 people (2020-12-31).

## Genealogical resources

The records for genealogical research are available at the State Archive in Prešov.
* Lutheran church records (births/marriages/deaths): 1720–1895 (parish B)
# List of Tennessee state prisons

This is a list of state prisons in Tennessee. The only federal prison in Tennessee is Federal Correctional Institution, Memphis in Shelby County, although there is a Residential Reentry Management operated by the Bureau of Prisons in Nashville. This list also does not include county jails located in the state of Tennessee.
The Tennessee government agency responsible for state prisons is the Tennessee Department of Correction.

## Male facilities

| Facility | County | Location | Year opened | Year opened |
| Bledsoe County Correctional Complex | Bledsoe | Pikeville | 2012 | 2012 |
| Lois M. DeBerry Special Needs Facility | Davidson | Nashville | 1992 | 1992 |
| Morgan County Correctional Complex | Morgan | Wartburg | 1980 | 1980 |
| Northeast Correctional Complex | Johnson | Mountain City | 1991 | 1991 |
| Carter County Annex | Carter | Roan Mountain | 1986 | 1986 |
| closed 2021 ||
| Northwest Correctional Complex | Lake | Tiptonville | 1981 | site 2 |
| Northwest Correctional Complex | Lake | Tiptonville | 1992 | site 1 |
| Riverbend Maximum Security Institution | Davidson | Nashville | 1989 | 1989 |
| Turney Center Industrial Complex | Hickman | Only | 1971 | 1971 |
| Turney Center Annex | Wayne | Clifton | 1985 | 1985 |
| West Tennessee State Penitentiary | Lauderdale | Henning | 1990 | 1990 |

## Female facilities

| Facility | County | Location | Year opened | Year opened |
| Mark H. Luttrell Correctional Center | Shelby | Memphis | opened in 1999 as a female institution | converted to male institution in 2016 |
| Debra K. Johnson Rehabilitation Center | Davidson | Nashville | 1966,formerly known as the Tennessee Prison For Women,renamed Debra K. Johnson Rehabilitation Center in 2020. | 1966,formerly known as the Tennessee Prison For Women,renamed Debra K. Johnson Rehabilitation Center in 2020. |
| Bledsoe County Correctional Complex | Bledsoe | Pikeville | | Houses 300 female inmates in a separate unit originally built as a men’s annex. |

## Private facilities

| Facility | Operated by | County | Location | Year opened |
| South Central Correctional Facility | Corrections Corporation of America | Wayne | Clifton | 1992 |
| Hardeman County Correctional Center | Corrections Corporation of America | Hardeman | Whiteville | 1997 |
| Whiteville Correctional Facility | Corrections Corporation of America | Hardeman | Whiteville | 2002 |
| Trousdale Turner Correctional Center | Corrections Corporation of America | Trousdale | Hartsville | 2016 |

## Closed

| Facility | County | Location | Year opened | Year closed |
| Tennessee State Penitentiary | Davidson | Nashville | 1831 | 1992 |
| Cold Creek Correctional Facility | Lauderdale | Henning | 1938 | 1999 |
| Brushy Mountain Correctional Complex | Morgan | Petros | 1896 | 2009 |
| Charles Bass Correctional Complex | Davidson | Nashville | 1946 (annex) | 2015 |
| Charles Bass Correctional Complex | Davidson | Nashville | 1979 (main facility) | 2015 |
# Line 8 (Suzhou Rail Transit)

Line 8 of Suzhou Rail Transit (Chinese: 苏州轨道交通8号线) is a L-shaped rapid transit line on both the east-west and north-south axes. It serves Suzhou New District, Gusu District, Xiangcheng District, and Suzhou Industrial Park. Construction started on September 30, 2019, and completed in March 2024. Line 8 was opened on September 10, 2024.

## Stations

| Station name | Station name | Connections | Distance km | Distance km | Location |
| English | Chinese | Connections | Distance km | Distance km | Location |
| Xijinqiao | 西津桥 | 3 | - | 0 | Huqiu |
| Xinyuan | 新元 | | | | Huqiu |
| Shijiaqiao | 时家桥 | | | | Gusu |
| Baiyangwangongyuan | 白洋湾公园 | 6 | | | Gusu |
| Hubeilu | 虎北路 | | | | Gusu |
| Huqiushidigongyuan | 虎丘湿地公园 | | | | Xiangcheng |
| Sunwu Jinianyuan | 孙武纪念园 | 4 | | | Xiangcheng |
| Yuyao | 御窑 | | | | Xiangcheng |
| Lumu Guxiang | 陆慕古巷 | | | | Xiangcheng |
| Yangchenghuzhonglu | 阳澄湖中路 | 2 | | | Xiangcheng |
| Xiawei | 夏圩 | | | | Xiangcheng |
| Baidang North | 白荡北 | 7 | | | Xiangcheng |
| Wucongjing | 五潨泾 | | | | Xiangcheng |
| Guxiangwei | 古香圩 | | | | Xiangcheng |
| Nanzezhuang | 南泽庄 | | | | SIP |
| Tangzhuang | 唐庄 | 3 | | | SIP |
| Gulou | 古楼 | | | | SIP |
| Suzhou Yuanqu Railway Station | 苏州园区火车站 | 3 | | | SIP |
| Huachibang | 华池浜 | | | | SIP |
| Times Square | 时代广场 | 1 | | | SIP |
| Suzhou Museum of Contemporary Art | 苏州当代美术馆 | | | | SIP |
| Qiongjidun | 琼姬墩 | 6 | | | SIP |
| Xietang | 斜塘 | 5 | | | SIP |
| Lianchiqiao | 莲池桥 | | | | SIP |
| Ren'ailu | 仁爱路 | | | | SIP |
| Songtaojie | 松涛街 | 2 | | | SIP |
| Yuxinlu | 裕新路 | | | | SIP |
| Chefang | 车坊 | | | | SIP |

## Future Development

A one-station extension from Chefang to Xinpingjie is under planning. The underground extension will be 1.34 km long.

## Rolling stock

| Fleet numbers | Year Built | Time in service | Builder | Class | Number in service | No of car | Assembly | Rolling stock | Number | Depots | Line assigned | Notes |
| 246 (41 sets) | 2023-2024 | 2024-present | CRRC Nanjing Puzhen | B | 192 (32 sets) | 6 | Tc+Mp+M - M + Mp+Tc | PM211 | 080101-084106 (0801-0341) | Huoditan Depot Sanjiaoju Yard | 8 | |
# No. 253 Squadron RAF

No. 253 (Hyderabad State) Squadron was a flying squadron of the Royal Air Force between 1918 and 1947. Originally formed in 1918, it served in WW1 flying coastal reconnaissance and anti-submarine patrols. Later in WW2 it took part in the Battle of France, the Battle of Britain, and then fought in the Mediterranean Theatre of Operations in Algeria. The squadron was disbanded on 16 May 1947, and briefly revived as a night-fighter squadron from 18 April 1955 to 2 September 1957.

## History
### WW1

253 Squadron was originally formed at Bembridge, on the Isle of Wight, on 7 June 1918, remaining there until disbanded on 31 May 1919.
During the squadrons stay at Bembridge it parented No. 412 (Seaplane) Flight RAF and No. 413 (Seaplane) Flight RAF, as well as No. 511 (Special Duty) Flight RAF, No. 512 (Special Duty) Flight RAF and No. 513 (Special Duty) Flight RAF for coastal reconnaissance and anti-submarine patrols, flying Short Type 184 and Airco DH.6 aircraft. DH.6s of 511 and 512 Flights flew their aircraft from the aerodrome at Foreland.

### WW2

Reformed at RAF Manston on 30 October 1939, to become a convoy protection unit equipped with Blenheims, 253 changed role to day-fighter before any Blenheims had been received and was issued with Hawker Hurricanes instead. One flight was despatched to France, whilst the second flight flew across the English Channel daily, operating from French airfields and returning to Manston.
After the collapse of France, 253 Sqn disbanded and re-formed at RAF Kirton-in-Lindsey, taking part in the Battle of Britain from a variety of airfields across the country. Remaining in England until 1942, 253 Sqn. was re-located to the Mediterranean Theatre of Operations (MTO) from 13 November 1942 at RAF Maison Blanche in Algeria, continuing operations in the Mediterranean.

### Post-war era

After the war, 253 squadron was disbanded at RAF Treviso, Italy on 16 May 1947. However, it enjoyed a brief existence as a night-fighter unit flying the de Havilland Venom NF.2 from RAF Waterbeach from 18 April 1955 to 2 September 1957.

## Aircraft operated

* Short Type 184
* Airco DH.6
* Sopwith Baby
* Miles Magister
* Miles Master
* Fairey Battle
* Hawker Hurricane
* Supermarine Spitfire
* de Havilland Venom
* de Havilland Vampire

## Heraldry

A squadron badge was created after the squadron became the Hyderabad gift squadron in the heraldic form of:The back of a dexter arm embowed, fessewise, in Mogul armour, the hand holding an Indian battle-axe.
The badge was suggested by the Nizam of Hyderabad as appropriate.
# Piranhas, Goiás

Piranhas is a municipality in western Goiás state, Brazil. It is a large producer of milk and has a large herd of cattle.

## Location

Piranhas is located on the Piranhas River and is served by highways: BR-158, which connects Jataí to Aragarças; and GO-060, which connects Piranhas to Iporá.
The distance to the state capital, Goiânia, is 321 km. Highway connections are made by GO-060 / Trindade / Nazário / São Luís de Montes Belos / Israelândia / Iporá / Arenópolis.
Municipal boundaries are with:
* north and west: Bom Jardim de Goiás
* east: Arenópolis
* south: Palestina de Goiás and Doverlândia

## Demographic Information

The population density was 5.44 inhabitants/km$^2$ in 2007. There were 8,872 urban dwellers and 2,267 rural dwellers. The population has declined by about 4,000 people since 1980.

## Economic Information

The economy is based on mining, agriculture, cattle raising, services, public administration, and small transformation industries. In 2007 there were 19 small transformation industries and 128 commercial units. There were three banks: Banco do Brasil S.A. - BRADESCO S.A. - Banco Itaú S.A. There were two dairies: Maroca Indústria de Laticínios. - Lactosul Ind. de Laticínios Ltda (May 2006)
The main crops in 2006 were pineapple, rice, bananas, beans, manioc, soybeans, and corn. The cattle herd was large with 192,000 head in 2006.
Agricultural data 2006
* Number of farms: 790
* Total area: 207,550 ha.
* Area of permanent crops: 162 ha. (bananas and pineapple)
* Area of perennial crops: 1,421 ha. (soybeans, corn, rice)
* Area of natural pasture: 152,180 ha.
* Area of woodland and forests: 45,753 ha.
* Cattle herd: 192,000
* Number of workers: 1,800
* Number of farms with tractors: 142
* Number of tractors: 179 IBGE

## Education and Health

In 2006 there were 12 schools, 103 classrooms, 194 teachers, and 3,602 students. In 2007 there were 3 hospitals with 87 beds.
* Higher education: Campus of the State University of Goiás
* Adult literacy rate: 84.8% (2000) (national average was 86.4%)
* Infant mortality rate: 28.24 (2000) (national average was 33.0).

## Tourism

There is potential for eco-tourism with conditions for hiking, going down rapids, and other sports activities practiced near nature. The São Domingos river is ideal for canoeing, and descending on rafts or tire-tubes. Hikers can walk through virgin forests, which have unexplored caves.
* Municipal Human Development Index: 0.773
* Ranking in state: 118/245
* National ranking: 2249/5507

## History

Settlement began in 1948 when engineers and workers building the road between Caiapônia and Aragarças arrived in the region and set up camp on the banks of the Piranhas River. A settlement was created with the name of Piranhas, after the river. In 1952 it became a district of Caiapônia, receiving its municipal autonomy in 1953.
# Absente

Absente is a brand name of 110 proof anise liqueur that has been marketed under the tagline "Absinthe Refined" since c. 2000. "Absente" is a French word that translates as "absent" in English.

## In the U.S.

Prior to 2009, Absente sold in the U.S. contained no grande wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), the essential herb from which absinthe derives its name. The maker substituted southernwood (Artemisia abrotanum) and the product was bottled with sugar, two critical aspects that differentiated Absente as an anise liqueur and not an absinthe by any traditional reference. The ingredients of Absente are listed in order as alcohol, sugar, a combination of "essences", infusions and distillates, and two artificial dyes, FD&C Yellow #5 and Blue #1.
Absente's U.S. marketing effort had long sought to associate the liqueur with traditional absinthe through statements such as, "The only difference is we replaced Wormwood...with a less bitter cousin called Southern-Wormwood, also known as "Petite Absinthe," which allows us to offer Absente in the United States." The reference to "petite absinthe" is inaccurate, as petite absinthe refers invariably to 'Roman wormwood' (Artemisia pontica) throughout credible distillation treatises, while 'southernwood' is historically referred to as aurone, abrotone, or armoise citronelle, and is scarcely ever mentioned, if at all. At that time, Absente's website explained, "By maintaining a form of wormwood in Absente, we are able to truly call Absente a modern Absinthe."
Following the re-legalization of genuine absinthe in the U.S. in 2007, the North American importer introduced a reformulated version that includes grande wormwood (April, 2009) in an apparent effort to improve its consumer appeal. The new label proclaims, "Now With Wormwood!". Since 2016 it has been marketed as “traditional absinthe with wormwood”

## In Europe

The version marketed in Europe under the same name is and has always been made with "essence of grande wormwood" (Artemisia absinthium). The label design differs mildly from the U.S. version by having "Liqueur aux Plantes d'Absinthe" above the main label and a silver capsule.
# Jake Goldberg

Jake Goldberg is an American former child actor who is best known for voicing Pablo in the Nickelodeon animated series The Backyardigans and for portraying Greg Feder in Grown Ups and Grown Ups 2. On January 15, 2014, Goldberg was nominated for a Golden Raspberry Award, along with the rest of the cast of the film Grown Ups 2. He attended the University of Colorado Boulder.

## Career

In 2006, Goldberg provided additional voices, specifically Helmet Boy for the CGI film The Ant Bully, based on the book by John Nickle. He was cast as the voice of Pablo in Nick Jr.'s The Backyardigans for the last three seasons, replacing Zach Tyler Eisen from the first season in the same year. In 2008, he appeared as Adam Tremblay in an episode of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. In 2009, he appeared in an episode of NBC's 30 Rock as Connor. In 2010, he had roles in film as young Scarlip in Choose and Greg Feder in Grown Ups. In 2013, Goldberg reprised the role in Grown Ups 2. In 2025, he appeared as a contestant on Season 4 of Next Level Chef, but was eliminated in the auditions episodes.

## Filmography

Film :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2006 | The Ant Bully | Helmet Boy / Nob / Red Teammate #1 (voice) | |
| 2010 | Choose | Young Scarlip | |
| 2010 | Grown Ups | Greg Feder | |
| 2013 | Grown Ups 2 | Greg Feder | Nominated - Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Screen Combo |
Television :
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 2006–2010 | The Backyardigans | Main role, Pablo (voice) | 59 episodes |
| 2008 | Law & Order: Special Victims Unit | Adam Tremblay | Episode: "Unorthodox" |
| 2009 | 30 Rock | Connor | Episode: "Jackie Jormp-Jomp" |
| 2025 | Next Level Chef | Himself | 1 episode |
# Atriplex longipes

Atriplex longipes is a species of plant belonging to the family Amaranthaceae.
Its native range is northwestern and northern Europe.
# 1992 Argyll and Bute District Council election

Elections to Argyll and Bute Council were held in May 1992, the same day as the other Scottish local government elections. The election was the last for the Argyll and Bute District Council, as the council would be replaced with the Argyll and Bute unitary authority for the 1995 election.

## Election results

Argyll and Bute Local Election Result 1992 :
| Party | Seats | Gains | Losses | Net gain/loss | Seats % | Votes % | Votes | +/− |
| Independent | 16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 61.5 | 50.2 | 7,223 | 6.9 |
| Conservative | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15.4 | 15.6 | 2,247 | 4.4 |
| Liberal Democrats | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 1,657 | 1.6 |
| SNP | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7.7 | 15.6 | 2,235 | 2.6 |
| Labour | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3.8 | 7.4 | 1,055 | 1.7 |
# Alchemilla baltica

Alchemilla baltica is a species of flowering plant belonging to the family Rosaceae.
Its native range is eastern central Europe to western Siberia.
# Kunduz Cricket Ground

Kunduz Cricket Ground (Pashto: د کندز کرکټ میدان), is a cricket stadium in Kunduz, Afghanistan. It is owned and operated by the Afghanistan Cricket Board (ACB).
The ground held its first List A match in the 2024 Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament when Maiwand Champions played Pamir Legends.
# Vyshneve, Pokrovsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast

Vyshneve (Ukrainian: Вишневе; Russian: Вишнёвое, romanized: Vishnyovoye) is an rural settlement in Selydove urban hromada, Pokrovsk Raion, Donetsk Oblast, eastern Ukraine. The population is 244 (2022 estimate).

## History
### Russian unvasion of Ukraine

On 3 November 2024, Russian forces claimed to have taken the settlement as a part of the Pokrovsk offensive.

## Demographics

Native language as of the Ukrainian Census of 2001:
* Ukrainian: 27.3%
* Russian: 72.7%