OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Vegvísir

The vegvísir (Icelandic for "wayfinder", lit. 'way shower') is an Icelandic magical stave intended to help the bearer find their way through rough weather. The symbol is attested in the Huld Manuscript, collected in Iceland by Geir Vigfusson in Akureyri in 1860, and does not have any earlier attestations.
A leaf of the manuscript provides an image of the vegvísir, gives its name, and, in prose, declares that "if this sign is carried, one will never lose one's way in storms or bad weather, even when the way is not known".
Stephen E. Flowers lists the Vegvisir in his translation of the Galdrabók, but in a later publication cites it in “Isländische Zauberzeichen und Zauberbücher” by Ólafur Davíðsson rather than the Galdrabók. Tomáš Vlasatý claims that it is not only in the Huld manuscript but also in two other Icelandic grimoires, Galdrakver (designated Lbs 2917 a 4to and Lbs 4627 8vo) and has Christian roots.

## Etymology

Vegvísir is a compound word formed from the two Icelandic words, vegur and vísir. Vegur means 'way, road, path' (lit. 'way'), and vísir, inflection form of vísa, 'to show, to let know, to guide' (lit. 'show + -er').
Vegur is derived from the Old Norse vegr, Proto-Germanic *wegaz, or the Proto-Indo-European *weǵʰ-.
Vísir is derived from the Old Norse vísa meaning 'to show, point out, indicate', or the Proto-Germanic wīsōną or wisaz, meaning 'to visit'.
Vegur ('way') + vísir ('pointer') derives its meaning from the same word as the English wise. It points someone the right way.
# American Classical League

Founded in 1919, the American Classical League (ACL) is a professional organization which promotes the study of classical civilization at all levels of education in the United States and Canada. Teachers of Latin, Ancient Greek and the Classics account for the majority of its membership, though the ACL is open to any person interested in preserving the language, literature and culture of both Ancient Rome and Ancient Greece. Currently based in Hamilton, Ohio, the league publishes and provides hundreds of teaching aids; runs a national placement service for teachers of Latin and Greek; sponsors the National Latin Examination (NLE); functions as the parent organization of both the National Junior Classical League (NJCL) and National Senior Classical League (NSCL); and annually holds a convention — the Annual Institute — to promote excellence in the teaching of classical studies. The ACL also encourages and supports ongoing dialogue with other classical and modern language associations.

## Allied organizations

* Society for Classical Studies (APA)
* American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL)
* Archaeological Institute of America (AIA)
* Classical Association of the Middle West and South (CAMWS)
* Center for Hellenic Studies (CHS)
# The Party Ain't Over Yet

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | |
The Party Ain't Over Yet... is the twenty-seventh album by English rock band Status Quo, released 19 September 2005. A DVD documentary on the making of the album and the band's history to that point, The Party Ain't Over Yet...40 Years of Status Quo, was also released in 2005.

## Track listing

* "The Party Ain't Over Yet" (John David) 3:50
* "Gotta Get Up and Go" (Francis Rossi, Bob Young) 4:18
* "All That Counts Is Love" (John David) 3:41
* "Familiar Blues" (Rick Parfitt, Andy Bown) 5:09
* "The Bubble" (Andy Bown, John Edwards) 5:36
* "Belavista Man" (Rick Parfitt, John Edwards) 4:21
* "Nevashooda" (Andy Bown, Matt Letley) 3:52
* "Velvet Train" (John Edwards, Andy Bown) 3:33
* "Goodbye Baby" (Francis Rossi, Bob Young) 4:08
* "You Never Stop" (Francis Rossi, Rick Parfitt, Andy Bown, John Edwards, Matt Letley) 4:33
* "Kick Me When I'm Down" (John David, Webb Wilder) 3:17
* "Cupid Stupid" (Francis Rossi, Bob Young) 3:51
* "This Is Me" (Rick Parfitt, John Edwards) 4:47

### Australia Tour Edition bonus disc

* "The Party Ain't Over Yet" [single mix] (John David) 3:52
* "Belavista Man" [live at Emden] (Rick Parfitt, John Edwards) 4:27
* "I Ain't Ready" (Francis Rossi, Bob Young) 4:34
* "I'm Watching over You" (Francis Rossi, Bob Young) 3:49
* "Gerdundula" [live at Liverpool Pops] (Francis Rossi, Bob Young) 6:45
* "Mystery Medley" [live at Liverpool Pops] 10:05
** "Mystery Song" (Rick Parfitt, Bob Young)
** "Railroad" (Francis Rossi, Bob Young)
** "Most Of The Time" (Francis Rossi, Bob Young)
** "Wild Side Of Life" (William Warren, Arlie A. Carter)
** "Rollin' Home" (Alan Lancaster, Francis Rossi)
** "Again And Again" (Rick Parfitt, Andy Bown, Jackie Lynton)
** "Slow Train" (Francis Rossi, Bob Young)
* The Party Ain't Over Yet [promo video] (John David) 4:20
* The Party Ain't Over Yet [photo gallery] (John David)

## Personnel

* Francis Rossi - Vocals & lead guitar
* Rick Parfitt - Vocals & guitar
* John Edwards - Bass
* Andy Bown - Keyboards
* Matt Letley - Drums
Recorded at Jacobs Studios

## Charts

| Chart (2005) | Peak position |
| Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) | 65 |
| French Albums (SNEP) | 184 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 19 |
| Scottish Albums (OCC) | 16 |
| Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan) | 17 |
| Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade) | 21 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 18 |
| UK Independent Albums (OCC) | 3 |
# Elizabeth Ibanda-Nahamya

Elizabeth Ibanda-Nahamya was a Ugandan lawyer and judge, who, on 22 March 2018, was appointed Judge of the Mechanism for International Criminal Tribunals (MICT). The appointment by António Guterres, the Secretary General of the United Nations, was in replacement to the MICT, following the resignation of Judge Solomy Balungi Bossa, who was elected to the International Criminal Court. Before that, she sat on the High Court of Uganda, where she was assigned to the International Crimes Division of that court.

## Background and education

She graduated from the Faculty of Law of Makerere University, Uganda's largest and oldest public university, with a Bachelor of Laws. She then obtained a Diploma in Legal Practice by the Law Development Centre in Kampala, Uganda's capital city. She also holds a Master of Laws from the University of New Haven, in the West Haven, Connecticut, United States. She has undertaken several postgraduate courses, including one at the International Development Law Organization, in Rome, Italy in 1992.

## Career

During the process of creating Uganda's 1995 Constitution, Ibanda-Nahamya was a researcher for the Constituent Assembly. She also served as a legal adviser to the Constituent Assembly Women Caucus. She also worked as researcher at the Uganda Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs, where she participated in drafting of the Parliamentary Election Bill and the Presidential Election Bill. In 1993, se served as a legal consultant at the Uganda Ministry of Finance.
She has served as a judge on the Special Court for Sierra Leone, from 2004 until 2008 and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, from 1996 until 2004.
Justice Nahamya has also lectured at Ahmadu Bello University, in Zaria, Nigeria and at the National University of Lesotho, in Maseru, Lesotho. She has also consulted with the World Bank and the Commonwealth Secretariat.
# Polly Braden

Polly Braden (born 1974) is a Scottish documentary photographer, living in London. Her work on learning disabilities and autism has been shown in exhibitions at the National Science and Media Museum in Bradford and at mac, Birmingham. Her work on single parent families has been shown in exhibitions at the Museum of the Home in London and Open Eye Gallery in Liverpool. Braden won Photographer of the Year in the Guardian Student Media Award in 2002.

## Life and work

Braden was born in Perthshire, Scotland. She graduated from London College of Printing in 2003. She lives in London and is a single parent.
Her subjects have included China (where she lived for over 15 years), the City of London, single parent families, and learning disabilities and autism.

## Publications
### Books of work by Braden

* China Between. Stockport: Dewi Lewis, 2010. ISBN 978-1-904587-88-0. With essays by David Campany and Jennifer Higgie.
* Great Interactions: Life with Learning Disabilities and Autism. Stockport: Dewi Lewis, 2016. ISBN 978-1-907893-86-5. With an interview by David Campany and an afterword by Sophie Howarth.
* London Square Mile: a Secret City. Tales from the City: Book 8. Hoxton Mini, 2019. ISBN 978-1-910566-44-2. With an essay by David Kynaston.

### Books with one other

* Adventures in the Lea Valley. East London Photo Stories: Book 12. Hoxton Mini, 2016. With David Campany. ISBN 978-1-910566-12-1.
* Out of the Shadows: the untold story of people with autism or learning disabilities. Stockport: Dewi Lewis; West Bromwich: Multistory, 2018. With seven stories by Sally Williams and three first-hand accounts. ISBN 978-1-911306-36-8.
* A Place For Me: 50 Stories of Finding Home. Stockport: Dewi Lewis, 2022. With Sally Williams. ISBN 978-1-911306-83-2.

### Books with contributions by Braden

* Street Photography Now. London: Thames & Hudson, 2010. ISBN 978-0-500-54393-1 (hardback). London: Thames & Hudson, 2011. ISBN 978-0-500-28907-5 (paperback). Edited by Sophie Howarth and Stephen McLaren. Includes work by Braden made in China.

## Exhibitions
### Solo exhibitions and similar

* Great Interactions: Photographs by Polly Braden, National Science and Media Museum, Bradford, 2016
* Polly Braden & Sally Williams: Out of the Shadows: the untold story of people with autism or learning disabilities, mac, Birmingham, 2018
* Holding The Baby, Museum of the Home, London, 2021; Open Eye Gallery, Liverpool, 2021. With text by Claire-Louise Bennett and Sally Williams.
* Holding The Baby, Arnolfini, Bristol, 2022
* Leaving Ukraine, Foundling Museum, London, 2024

### Group exhibitions

* Real Estate: Art in a Changing City, Institute of Contemporary Arts, London, 2005 included Adventures in the Valley (Ongoing) with Campany
* Made in China, Museum of Contemporary Photography, Chicago, 2006
* London Street Photography: 1860–2010, Museum of London, London, 2011

## Awards

* 2002: Winner, Photographer of the Year, Guardian Student Media Award

## Collections

Braden's work is held in the following permanent collection:
* Guildhall Art Gallery, London
# List of guitar tablature software

This is a list of notable scorewriter software for creating and editing tablature notation for guitar and other fretted instruments.
* Finale
* Flat
* G7, part of Sibelius
* GuitarTabsX
* Guitar Pro
* LilyPond
* MagicScore/Maestro
* Mozart the music processor
* MuseScore
* MusicEase
* MusEdit
* Notion and Progression, a smaller version of Notion, specially for guitar
* Power Tab Editor
* TabbyPro
* TuxGuitar

## History

The first tablature program was written for the Amstrad CPC 464 in 1986. "Tab Composer CPC" was implemented in Locomotive BASIC 1.0. It offered a multi-page graphical WYSIWYG, 3-channel polyphonic playback and volume and tone envelope functionality, as well as save and load. BASIC programs could be generated for direct playback without the program as well, facilitating easy integration of the created musical content into other programs such as games. The user interface was in German only.
An attempt was made to publish the program as a type-in listing in the German Happy Computer [de] magazine. The program was rejected mainly due to poor (handwritten) documentation, and a tedious user interface. The author is still in possession of the original correspondence with the Happy Computer editorial staff, including the letter of rejection.
# Biyi Alo

Biyi Alo (born 16 March 1994) is an English professional rugby union player who plays for Ealing Trailfinders in the English Championship. Alo has also released two hip-hop songs, under the name 'Biyi'.

## Club career

Alo came through the academy ranks of Saracens and during this period he spent time on loan at Bedford Blues. He was a member of the Sarries side that defeated Exeter Chiefs to win the 2015 Anglo-Welsh Cup. The following year saw him leave for Worcester Warriors. After making thirty first-team appearances for Worcester a move to French club Soyaux Angouleme was agreed in 2018 however the transfer ultimately didn’t materialise and for health reasons he took a break from rugby.
Alo returned to professional rugby at Coventry who he joined in October 2018. After a short spell at the club he was scouted by Wasps and initially joined as injury cover, making his club debut against Leicester Tigers on 2 March 2019 with the deal being made permanent three days later. Alo was a second-half replacement for Jeffery Toomaga-Allen in the 2020 Premiership Final as Wasps finished runners up to Exeter.
Wasps entered administration on 17 October 2022 and Alo was made redundant along with all other players and coaching staff. After made redundant from Wasps, Alo signed for top French club Racing 92 for the rest of the 2022-23 season.
On 23 April 2023, Alo returned to England to sign for ambitious Championship side Ealing Trailfinders from the 2023-24 season.

## International career

Alo was a member of the England under-20 team that won the 2014 IRB Junior World Championship and was on the bench for the final against South Africa at Eden Park. In June 2022 he was called up by Eddie Jones to join a training camp with the senior England squad.
# Teriyaki

Teriyaki is a cooking technique in which foods are broiled or grilled with a glaze of soy sauce, mirin, and sugar. Although commonly associated with Japanese cuisine, this cooking technique is also commonly used in other Asian cuisines such as Chinese, Indonesian and Thai.
Fish – yellowtail, marlin, skipjack tuna, salmon, trout, and mackerel – and chicken is mainly used in Japan, while white and red other meat – pork, lamb, and beef – is more often used in the West. Other ingredients sometimes used in Japan include squid, hamburger steak, and meatballs.
The word teriyaki derives from the noun teri (照り), which refers to a shine or luster given by the sugar content in the tare (タレ), and yaki (焼き), which refers to the cooking method of grilling or broiling. Traditionally the meat is dipped in or brushed with sauce several times during cooking. It is believed that Teriyaki in Japan evolved during the 1600s.
The tare (タレ) is traditionally made by blending soy sauce, sake (or mirin), and sugar over heat. The sauce is boiled and reduced to the desired thickness, then used to marinate meat, which is then grilled or broiled. Sometimes ginger is added and the final dish may be garnished with spring onions.

## Variations

A teriyaki burger (テリヤキバーガー) is a variety of hamburger either topped with teriyaki sauce or with the sauce worked into the ground meat patty. According to George Motz, the dish has its roots in Japan.
Teriyaki stir-fry refers to stir frying meat or vegetables and tossing them in teriyaki sauce. Vegetarian ingredients may also be cooked teriyaki-style.

## By country
### United States
#### Teriyaki sauce

In North America, any dish made with a teriyaki-like sauce is described using the word teriyaki. This often even includes those using foreign alternatives to sake or mirin, or with added ingredients, such as sesame or garlic (uncommon in traditional Japanese cuisine). The sauce used for teriyaki is generally sweet, although it can also be spicy. Pineapple juice is sometimes used, as it not only provides sweetness but also bromelain enzymes that help tenderize the meat. Grilling meat first and pouring the sauce on afterwards or using sweet sauce as a marinade are other non-traditional methods of cooking teriyaki. Teriyaki sauce is sometimes put on chicken wings or used as a dipping sauce.

#### Seattle teriyaki

In the city of Seattle, Washington, a large teriyaki culture emerged in the 1990s. As of 2010, there were over 83 restaurants in the city with "teriyaki" in their name. It has been described as the city's signature cuisine by some outlets, noting its widespread adoption as a form of fast food.
The first standalone teriyaki restaurant, Toshi's Teriyaki, opened in the Lower Queen Anne neighborhood of Seattle in 1976. The restaurant's low-cost chicken and beef skewers in teriyaki sauce inspired other restaurants in the area. Toshi's later expanded into a chain with 17 locations in the Seattle area by 1996.
# Sophie Gerrard

Sophie Gerrard (born 1978) is a Scottish documentary photographer whose work focuses on environmental and social themes. She is a lecturer at Edinburgh Napier University, a member of the board of trustees for Impressions Gallery in Bradford, and a co-founder member of Document Scotland. She has won the Jerwood Photography Award, the Fuji Film Bursary and the Magenta Foundation Award.

## Early life and education

Gerrard was born in 1978 in Edinburgh. She graduated from Manchester University in 1999 as an environmental scientist. Her interest in environmental and social issues led her to obtain a photography degree from Edinburgh College of Art and a M.A in Photojournalism and Documentary Photography from the London College of Communication in 2006.

## Career

In 2012, she co-founded Document Scotland with Colin McPherson, Jeremy Sutton-Hibbert and Stephen McLaren. Her work has been featured regularly in The Guardian Weekend Magazine, the Financial Times Magazine, the Telegraph Saturday Magazine, the Independent on Sunday, and by Save The Children and Greenpeace International. "Drawn To The Land" which she started in 2012, is an ongoing project examining the importance of representation. The project documents the lives of female hill farmers who work in a predominantly male sector.

## Publications
### Zines by Gerrard

* Tunnock's. Southport: Café Royal, 2015. Edition of 150 copies.
* Document Scotland. Southport: Café Royal, 2015. A zine each by Gerrard (Tunnock's), Jeremy Sutton-Hibbert (North Sea Fishing), Stephen McLaren (Dookits) and Colin McPherson (Sancta Maria Abbey, Nunraw), in a case. Edition of 50 copies.

### Publications with contributions by Gerrard

* Common Ground. Document Scotland, 2014. Includes two photo essays from each Document Scotland member, including Gerrard, plus work by members of Welsh photography collective A Fine Beginning. With essays by Malcolm Dickson and Anne McNeill. Published to accompany an exhibition at Street Level Photoworks, Glasgow.

## Awards

* 2007: One of 6 joint winners, Jerwood Photography Award.
* 2007: One of 25 joint UK Winners, Magenta Foundation Flash Forward Award.
* 2012: Finalist, Photography Open Salon, Arles - To See or not to See.
* 2014: One of 10 selected for FotoDocument One Planet Living Commission, Brighton, UK.

## Group exhibitions

* Seeing Ourselves, Fotospace Gallery, Glenrothes, Fife, Scotland, June–July 2013.
* Document Scotland: The Ties that Bind, Scottish National Portrait Gallery, Edinburgh, Scotland, September 2015 – April 2016. Included Drawn to the Land by Gerrard.
* Document Scotland, Beyond the Border: New Contemporary Photography from Scotland, Impressions Gallery, Bradford, UK, July–September 2014; Granary Gallery, Berwick Visual Arts, Berwick-upon-Tweed, UK, February–May 2017. Curated by Anne McNeill.
# List of political entities in the 12th century BC
## Political entities in the 13th century BC – Political entities in the 11th century BC – Political entities by century

This is a list of political entities in the 12th century BC (1200–1101 BC).

## Sovereign states

| Sovereign state | Years |
| Alba Longa | 1200 - 753 BC |
| Anga | 1380 - 550 BC |
| Aram Damascus | 12th century BC - 734 BC |
| Aramea | 2300 - 700 BC |
| Argolis | 1200 - 379 BC |
| Asmaka | 1150 - 300 BC |
| Assyria | 2025 - 911 BC |
| Athens | 1556 - 355 BC |
| Ba | 13th century - 311 BC |
| Babylonia | 1155 - 689 BC |
| Bashan | 1330 - 928 BC |
| Bithynia | 297 - 74 BC |
| Bit-Istar | 12th century - 710 BC |
| Chedi | 1250 - 344 BC |
| Chola | 3rd century BC - 1279 AD |
| Chorasmia | 1290 - 180 BC |
| Chorrera | 1800 - 300 BC |
| Colchis | 1300 BC - 2nd century AD |
| Danda | 1100 - 450 BC |
| Dasarna | 1150 - 600 BC |
| Deng | 1200 - 678 BC |
| Diauehi | 1118 - 760 BC |
| Dilmun | 2600 - 675 BC |
| Donghu | 1400 - 150 BC |
| Eastern Guo | 1046 - 767 BC |
| Edom | 1200 - 125 BC |
| Egypt | 3050 - 322 BC |
| Elam | 2800 - 550 BC |
| Epirus | 1183 - 168 BC |
| Eshnuna | 2000 - 8th century BC |
| Etruria | 1200 - 550 BC |
| Gandhara | 1450 - 510 BC |
| Gojoseon | 2333 - 108 BC |
| Illyria | 2000 - 168 BC |
| Jiroft | 3,100 - 2,200 BC |
| Kalinga | 1376 - 285 BC |
| Kamboja | 1450 - 195 BC |
| Kasi | 600 - 345 BC |
| Kasmira | 1250 - 322 BC |
| Kekeya | 1250 - c. 4th century BC |
| Kikata | 2000 - 1700 BC |
| Kirata | 1350 - c. 300 BC |
| Kosala | 1300 - 266 BC |
| Kuru | 1376 - 285 BC |
| Liburnia | 11th century - 34 BC |
| Locria | 1250 - 386 BC |
| Lullubi | 2400 - 650 BC |
| Lycia | 1250 - 546 BC |
| Lydia | 1200 - 546 BC |
| Madra | 1350 - 350 BC |
| Magadha | 1200 - 600 BC |
| Mannaea | 1110 - 616 BC |
| Magan | 2200 - 550 BC |
| Matsya | 1250 - 318 BC |
| Messenia | 1300 - 724 BC |
| Minaea | 580 - 85 BC |
| Moab | 1300 - 400 BC |
| Mysia | 1320 - 301 BC |
| Nairi | 1190 - 890 BC |
| Namar | 2350 - 750 BC |
| Olmec | 1400 - 400 BC |
| Pandya | 1350 - 460 BC |
| Paphlagonia | 1480 - 183 BC |
| Philistia | 1175 - 732 BC |
| Phoenicia | 1200 - 536 BC |
| Phrygia | 1200 - 700 BC |
| Pundra | 1300 BC - 550 AD |
| Qiang | 2000 BC - 150 BC |
| Quan | 1250 - 704 BC |
| Saba | 1100 - 275 BC |
| Sam'al | 1200 - 680 BC |
| Sindhu | 1300 - 320 BC |
| Song | 1058 - 286 BC |
| Vanga | 1300 BC - 580 AD |
| Văn Lang | 2879 - 258 BC |
| Vidarbha | 1200 - 322 BC |
| Virata | 1200 - 322 BC |
| Xu | 2000 - 512 BC |
| Yaksha | 1200 - 350 BC |
# Louis Georges Gouy

Louis Georges Gouy (February 19, 1854 – January 27, 1926) was a French physicist. He is the namesake of the Gouy balance, the Gouy–Chapman electric double layer model (which is a relatively successful albeit limited model that describes the electrical double-layer which finds applications in vast areas of studies from physical chemistry to biophysics) and the Gouy phase.
Gouy was born at Vals-les-Bains, Ardèche in 1854. He became a correspondent of the Académie des sciences in 1901, and a member in 1913.

## Topics investigated

His principal scientific work was related to the following subjects:
* The propagation velocity of light waves in dispersive media
* Propagation of spherical waves of small radius
* Distant diffraction (angles of dispersion reaching 150°)
* Electrostatics: Inductive capacity of dielectrics
* Surface charge
* Effect of the magnetic field on the discharge in rarefied gases
* Electrocapillarity
* Emission capacity of absorbent of the coloured flames
* Brownian motion
* Measurement of magnetic susceptibility of transition metal complexes with Gouy balance
* The gouy phase shift, a feature of Gaussian beams
# Mahmoud Mohamed Shaker

Mahmoud Mohamed Shaker (Arabic: محمود محمد شاكر), Abu Fihr (أبو فِهر) was an Egyptian writer, poet, journalist and scholar of the Arabic language and Islamic culture heritage.

## Early life

Shaker was born on 1 February 1909 in Alexandria, and died on 7 August 1997 in Cairo.

## Career

His thoughts and writings were based on the originality of the Arabic culture. He wrote many books on Arabic language and culture including: A Message on The Way of Our Culture (Resala Fel Tarik Ela Thakafatena رسالة في الطريق إلى ثقافتنا), Al-Mutanabi المتنبي, Untruths and Tales (Abateel wa Asmaar أباطيل وأسمار), The Virgin Sagittarius ( Al-Qaws Al-AZraa القوس العذر. Most of his articles, which were published in different journals and magazines, were collected by professor Adel Solaiman Gamal in one book of 2 volumes titled: Jamharat Al-Maqalaat جمهرة المقالات .