OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nguyen Thanh Liem

Nguyen Thanh Liem is a Vietnamese surgeon. He was the recipient of the 2018 Nikkei Asia Prize in Science, Technology and Environment. He is the director of the Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology.

## Career

Liem performed the first laparoscopic surgery on a child in Asia. He served as the director of the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital.
In 2018 he received the Nikkei Asia Prize in Science, Technology and Environment for his work in reducing Vietnam’s child mortality rate. As of 2018, he was the director of the Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology. The following year, he became a laureate of the Asian Scientist 100 by the Asian Scientist.
# Ciril Cvetko

Ciril Cvetko (8 January 1920 – 18 January 1999) was a Slovene composer and conductor, brother of the musicologist Dragotin Cvetko.
Cvetko was born in Vučja Vas near Ljutomer in northeastern Slovenia in 1920. He studied music at the Ljubljana Academy of Music and graduated in 1948. He also completed graduate studies in Prague and Paris. He worked at Triglav Film, the Slovene National Theatre Opera and Ballet Company, and the Slovenian Philharmonic Orchestra. He died in Ljubljana in 1999.
In 1963 he won the Levstik Award for his book Opera in njeni mojstri (The Opera and Its Masters).
# Perrill–Goodman Farmhouse

The Perrill–Goodman Farmhouse is a historic farmhouse in the central part of the U.S. state of Ohio. Located south of Groveport in Pickaway County, it has been named a historic site.
The farmhouse was named for two of its prominent early residents, a Mr. Perrill and a Mr. Goodman. Both men held elective office in Pickaway County and served as community leaders in other responsibilities: Perrill was both a Madison Township Trustee and a justice of the peace, while Goodman was a Pickaway County Commissioner and treasurer of Madison Township, and in the early nineteenth century he was known countywide as one of the area's model farmers. Besides going by the names of these men, the property is also known as "Larue Farm."
Built in 1857, the farmhouse is a two-and-a-half-story brick structure with brick foundation and elements of stone. It was built in a time of transition between major architectural styles: elements such as the transom and sidelights around the main entrance as well as the rectangular lintels are typical of the older Greek Revival style, while the cornice with pairs of brackets, the narrow front gable and steep gables of the roof, and the lancet windows combine to remind the viewer of the later Gothic Revival style.
In 1985, the farmhouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places, along with a single outbuilding; it was deemed qualified for historic designation because of its distinctive historic architecture.
# 1961 Millikin Big Blue football team

The 1961 Millikin Big Blue football team was an American football team that represented Millikin University as a member of the College Conference of Illinois during the 1961 college football season. In their sixth and final year under head coach Don Shroyer, the Big Blue compiled a perfect 8–0 record (6–0 against conference opponents), won the CCI championship, and outscored opponents by a total of 305 to 79. Millikin was ranked 14th in the final National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA) poll. The 1961 campaign was one of only four undefeated seasons in Millikin football history.
Senior halfback and co-captain Jerry Domescik rushed for 799 yards, scored 20 touchdowns, and led the NAIA with 120 points scored. He was also named to the 1961 NAIA All-America team.
Six Milliken players were named to the 1961 All-CCI football team: Domescik; Ryan Jorstad (offensive and defensive tackle); Bob Martin (offensive tackle); Bill Severino (offensive and defensive guard); Chuck Siebel (defensive end); Delmar Rutz (defensive halfback).

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 23 | at Illinois State Normal* | McCormick FieldNormal, IL | W 22–0 | 1,000 |
| September 30 | Carthage | Millikin FieldDecatur, IL | W 32–30 | |
| October 7 | North Park* | Millikin FieldDecatur, IL | W 72–0 | |
| October 14 | at Augustana (IL) | Rock Island, IL | W 39–7 | |
| October 21 | Lake Forest | Millikin FieldDecatur, IL | W 47–7 | 3,000 |
| October 28 | at Illinois Wesleyan | IWU StadiumBloomington, IL | W 27–16 | |
| November 4 | North Central (IL) | Millikin FieldDecatur, IL | W 19–0 | |
| November 11 | at Carroll (WI) | Haertel FieldWaukesha, WI | W 47–13 | |
| *Non-conference gameHomecoming ||||||
# Psarka

The Psarka is a river in the Świętokrzyskie Mountains of Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, southern-central Poland. Its source is the northern foot of Bukowa Góra. It has a length of 20.5 kilometres and basin area of 89.5 square kilometres. It flows through the valley of Bodzentyńską, and later flows near the village of Radkowice-Kolonia and joins the Świślina, which is a right tributary of the Kamienna. Bodzentyn Castle stands above the river which also flows past Bodzentyn.
# Michael Whatley

Michael Whatley (born 1968 or 1969) is an American politician and lawyer who has served as chairman of the Republican National Committee (RNC) since March 2024. Before this, he was chair of the North Carolina Republican Party for five years, the last year of which he also served as the RNC's general counsel.

## Early life and education

Whatley is from Watauga County, North Carolina. He graduated from the University of North Carolina at Charlotte with a bachelor's degree in history and from Wake Forest University with a master's degree in religion, dissertation on: "Cardinal Richelieu: Secrecy is the first essential in affairs of state.” In 1997, he earned a Juris Doctor degree and a master's degree in theology from the University of Notre Dame.
Whatley began working in Republican Party politics when he volunteered on the 1984 reelection campaign of U.S. senator Jesse Helms while he was a sophomore at Watauga High School.

## Career

In 2000, Whatley was a member of George W. Bush's team pursuing the Florida recount. During Bush's presidency, Whatley served in the United States Department of Energy as deputy assistant secretary. In 2004, he became chief of staff for U.S. Senator Elizabeth Dole, replacing Frank Hill. In 2007, Whatley became a partner at lobbying firm HBW Resources, and in 2008 he became executive vice president for the Consumer Energy Alliance; he held the position until 2019. In 2016, Whatley helped Republican presidential nominee Donald Trump campaign and organize rallies in North Carolina.
In June 2019, the North Carolina Republican Party selected Whatley to succeed Robin Hayes as their chair. Whatley was closely involved in President Donald Trump's efforts to overturn the result of the 2020 presidential election, including participating in the December 2020 phone call on which Trump urged Georgia Secretary of State Brad Raffensperger to "find" the votes he needed to win the state.
Following the United States Capitol attack on January 6, 2021, Whatley refused to blame Trump, saying that only those who participated in the riots bear responsibility. In February 2021, Whatley said, "We certainly saw evidence of voting irregularities, of election counting irregularities in a number of places around the country", and that the reason Trump won North Carolina was his state party's vigilance against Democrats' attempts to cheat. Also in February 2021, the state party voted unanimously to censure Senator Richard Burr for voting to convict President Trump during his second impeachment.
The Republican National Committee appointed Whatley as its general counsel in February 2023. In February 2024, Donald Trump endorsed Whatley to replace Ronna McDaniel as chair of the RNC. In March 2024, Whatley was elected as the new chair of the RNC, along with Lara Trump as his co-chair. Per the North Carolina party's 2022 plan of organization, its vice chair (Susan Mills) served as state chair until a successor was elected.
In January 2025, Whatley was reelected as chair of the RNC.
# Chiba Korean Primary and Junior High School

Chiba Korean Primary and Junior High School (千葉朝鮮初中級学校 Chiba Chōsen Shochūkyūgakkō, Korean: 치바 조선 초중급학교) is a North Korea-aligned Korean international school in Hanamigawa-ku, Chiba, Chiba Prefecture, Japan, in the Tokyo metropolitan area. As of 2014, the principal is Kim Yu-sop. The school uses the Korean language as its language of instruction. The school operates under the authority of the Chongryon.

## History

The school first opened in the 1940s. Historically the Chongryon provided most of the school's funding. It previously received some funding from the North Korean central government, and an additional 20% of its budget came from Japanese government subsidies. When the North Korean government received United Nations sanctions its funding stopped.

## Student body

As of 2025, it had 20 primary school and 10 middle school students.
# Haiku-Pauwela, Hawaii

Haiku-Pauwela (Hawaiian: Haʻikū-Pauwela) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Maui County, Hawaii, United States, consisting of the village of Haiku, Hawaii and the hamlet of Pauwela. Haiku itself is an unincorporated community. The population was 8,595 at the 2020 census.

## Geography

Haiku-Pauwela is located at 20°55′14″N 156°18′45″W﻿ / ﻿20.92056°N 156.31250°W﻿ / 20.92056; -156.31250 (20.920528, -156.312631).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 19.2 square miles (49.6 km$^2$), of which 15.8 square miles (40.9 km$^2$) is land and 3.4 square miles (8.8 km$^2$), or 17.67%, is water.

## Demographics

At the 2000 census there were 6,578 people, 2,310 households, and 1,524 families in the CDP. The population density was 417.5 inhabitants per square mile (161.2/km$^2$). There were 2,454 housing units at an average density of 155.8 units per square mile (60.2 units/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 56.20% White, 0.52% African American, 0.53% Native American, 10.14% Asian, 7.01% Pacific Islander, 0.97% from other races, and 24.63% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 8.27%.
Of the 2,310 households 35.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.0% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.0% were non-families. 21.1% of households were one person and 4.2% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.83 and the average family size was 3.29.
The age distribution was 26.0% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 34.3% from 25 to 44, 25.4% from 45 to 64, and 6.8% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 104.1 males.
The median household income was $45,397 and the median family income was $52,350. Males had a median income of $35,737 versus $29,610 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $21,702. About 8.1% of families and 16.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.5% of those under age 18 and 8.0% of those age 65 or over.

## Notable people

* Zach Scott - former professional footballer for Seattle Sounders FC, born in Haiku-Pauwela
* Lyon Farrell - competitive snowboarder
# Tepovirus

Tepovirus is a genus of viruses in the order Tymovirales, in the family Betaflexiviridae. Plants as well as some other root and tuber crops in the andes serve as natural hosts. There are five species in this genus.

## Taxonomy

The following species are assigned to the genus, listed by scientific name and followed by the exemplar virus of the species:
* Tepovirus tafagavis, Agave virus T
* Tepovirus tafavii, Cherry virus T
* Tepovirus tafpruni, Prunus virus 1
* Tepovirus tafsolani, Potato virus T
* Tepovirus tafzosterae, Zostera virus T

## Structure

Viruses in Tepovirus are non-enveloped, with flexuous and filamentous geometries. The diameter is around 12 nm. Genomes are linear, around 6.5kb in length. The genome codes for 3 proteins.
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
| Tepovirus | Filamentous | | Non-enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |

## Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. Plants as well as some other root and tuber crops in the Andes serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are seed borne and pollen associated.
| Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
| Tepovirus | Pome fruits; citrus; pear | None | Viral movement; mechanical inoculation | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Grafting; propagating material |
# Charlie Chan in the Secret Service

Charlie Chan in the Secret Service is a 1944 mystery film starring Sidney Toler as Charlie Chan. It is the first film made by Monogram Pictures after the series was dropped by 20th Century Fox, and it marks the introduction of Number Three Son (Benson Fong) and taxi driver (later Chan's chauffeur), Birmingham Brown (Mantan Moreland).

## Plot

In the two years since the last Charlie Chan feature film (Castle in the Desert), Charlie Chan is now an agent of the U.S. government working in Washington DC and he is assigned to investigate the murder of the inventor of a highly advanced torpedo. Aiding Chan is his overeager but dull-witted Number Three son Tommy (Benson Fong) and his Number Two Daughter Iris Chan (Marianne Quon). Also involved in the case is the bumbling and easily frightened Birmingham Brown (Mantan Moreland) who works as a limo driver for one of the suspects.

## Cast

* Sidney Toler as Charlie Chan
* Mantan Moreland as Birmingham Brown, Taxi Driver
* Arthur Loft as Inspector Jones, Secret Service
* Gwen Kenyon as Inez Arranto
* Sarah Edwards as Mrs. Hargue, Housekeeper
* George J. Lewis as Paul Arranto (as George Lewis)
* Marianne Quon as Iris Chan
* Benson Fong as Tommy Chan
* Muni Seroff as Peter Laska
* Barry Bernard as David Blake
* Gene Roth as Luis Philipe Vega aka Von Vegon (as Gene Stutenroth)
* Eddy Chandler as Lewis, Secret Service (as Eddie Chandler)
* Lelah Tyler as Mrs. Williams

## Production

20th Century Fox stopped making Charlie Chan films in 1941. In May 1943 Monogram Pictures announced they had purchased the rights to the character from Fox and would make two Charlie Chan films a year. Sidney Toler would reprise his performance as Chan. Keye Luke was reportedly unable to reprise his role as Number One Son, so a search started for an actor to portray Chan's son.
In June 1943 Monogram Pictures announced Charlie Chan and the Secret Service would be one of 24 movies and 16 Westerns the studio would make over the following year. This was eight less than the previous year as Monogram said they wanted to make "fewer and higher budgeted pictures".
The film was to star Sidney Toler and also include Iris Wong from the Fox movies. In July 1943 Benson Fong was signed to play Chan's son. Wong eventually was replaced by Marianne Quon.
Filming started 10 September 1943.
# Camping Mama: Outdoor Adventures

Camping Mama: Outdoor Adventures, known in Japan as Camping Mama + Papa (キャンピングママ+パパ Kyanpingu Mama + Papa) and in the PAL region as Cooking Mama World: Outdoor Adventures, is a 2011 video game for the Nintendo DS. It is a spin-off title in the Cooking Mama series. It features 38 levels with 100 camping-themed mini-games using the touch screen.

## Development

The game was released in July 2011 in Japan, September 2011 in North America, and November 2011 in Europe. It was later bundled with Cooking Mama and released as Mama's Combo Pack Vol. 1 in North America, Europe, and Australia in late 2012.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | 51/100 |
Camping Mama received "mixed" reviews according to video game review aggregator Metacritic.
# 1959 U.S. Figure Skating Championships

The 1959 U.S. Figure Skating Championships was held from January 29 through February 1 at the Rochester Community War Memorial in Rochester, New York. Medals were awarded in three colors: gold (first), silver (second), and bronze (third) in four disciplines – men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing – across three levels: senior, junior, and novice.
The event determined the U.S. team for the 1959 World Championships.

## Senior results

In all four divisions, the previous year's champions successfully defended their titles.

### Men

| Rank | Name |
| 1 | David Jenkins |
| 2 | Tim Brown |
| 3 | Robert Brewer |
| 4 | Bradley Lord |
| 5 | Barlow Nelson |
| 6 | James Short |
| 7 | Lorin Caccamise |

### Ladies

| Rank | Name |
| 1 | Carol Heiss |
| 2 | Nancy Heiss |
| 3 | Barbara Ann Roles |
| 4 | Lynn Finnegan |

### Pairs

| Rank | Name |
| 1 | Nancy Ludington / Ron Ludington |
| 2 | Gayle Freed / Karl Freed |
| 3 | Maribel Owen / Dudley Richards |
| 4 | Ila Ray Hadley / Ray Hadley, Jr. |
| 5 | Sheila Wells / Tom Moore |
| 6 | Mary Lou Raymond / Jack Nankervis |

### Ice dancing (Gold dance)

| Rank | Name |
| 1 | Andree Jacoby / Donald Jacoby |
| 2 | Margie Ackles / Charles Phillips |
| 3 | Judy Ann Lamar / Ronald Ludington |
| 4 | Susan Sebo / Tim Brown |

## Junior results
### Men

| Rank | Name |
| 1 | Gregory Kelley |
| 2 | Don Mike Anthony |
| 3 | Frank Carroll |
| 4 | Douglas Ramsay |
| 5 | Bruce Heiss |
| 6 | James Murray |
| 7 | Harvey Balch |
| 8 | Robert James |
| WD | Tommy DeBaca |

### Ladies

| Rank | Name |
| 1 | Laurence Owen |
| 2 | Stephanie Westerfeld |
| 3 | Rhode Lee Michelson |
| 4 | Dorothyann Nelson |
| 5 | Vicky Fisher |
| 6 | Diana Lapp |
| 7 | Karen Howland |
| 8 | Rickie Anne Rendich |
| 9 | Carol Galloway |
| 10 | Mary Cooper |

### Pairs

| Rank | Name |
| 1 | Judianne Fotheringill / Jerry Fotheringill |
| 2 | Gail Kizer / Lonnie Kane |
| 3 | Laurie Hickox / William Hickox |
| 4 | Vivian Joseph / Ronald Joseph |
| 5 | Janet Harley / James Browning |
| 6 | Linda Charbonneau / Peter Betts |
| 7 | Jeanne Gladding / Richard Kavanaugh |

### Ice dancing (Silver dance)

| Rank | Name |
| 1 | Marilyn Meeker / Larry Pierce |
| 2 | Diane Sherbloom / Roger Campbell |
| 3 | Patricia Dineen / Robert Dineen |
| 4 | Gloria Grossman / Peter Moesel |
| 5 | Jean Robinson / Richard Wayland |
| 6 | Thomasine Pierce / Roy Speeg |
| 7 | Paula Maniago / D. Wilson Hess |
| 8 | Elizabeth Herman / Charles Rizzo |
| 9* | Beverly McGee / Arthur Dammkoehler |
| 10* | Rosemary McEvoy / Ralph Owen |
* Eliminated before Final Round
# Perry Farm

The Perry Farm is an intact, historic African-American farm complex in Riley Hill, North Carolina, a suburb of Raleigh. The farm house was built in 1820 by John and Nancy Perry, white slaveholders of several slaves during the Antebellum period of the South.
After the Civil War ended, a freedman named Feggins Perry made arrangements with his former enslavers to work the land as a tenant farmer. Each night after work, Feggins made baskets and furniture for extra money so he and his brother could buy land, which was the prime goal of many freedmen. Feggins Perry also helped establish the nearby Riley Hill Baptist Church for freedmen.
In 1914, Feggins' son Guyon Perry purchased Perry Farm. The property remains in the family to this day.
Perry Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in August 1994 as significant in African-American social history.
# Nam Quốc Cang

Nam Quốc Cang (1917–1950), whose real name is Nguyễn Văn Sinh, was a Vietnamese journalist.
His hometown was Đức Phổ district, Quảng Ngãi province, then moved to Sài Gòn in 1940. After the August Revolution in 1945, he participated in writing articles for Tin Điển newspapers that was widely loved by readers. Under the pseudonym Nguyen Thach Son, in the article Sài gòn hoạt cảnh, he mocked the activities of Prime Minister Nguyen Van Thinh seriously. After that, he was editor-in-chief for Thời cuộc, Công chúng, Chống xâm lăngand finally Dân Quý newspaper.
On May 6, 1950, journalist Nam Quốc Cang and Đinh Xuân Tiếu were assassinated in front of the Dân Quý office at the corner of D'Arras-Frére Louis (now known as Cong Quynh - Nguyen Trai Street). He died when he was 33 years old. The death of two journalists has shocked the press and the public of Saigon. His funeral, held on May 9, attracted tens of thousands of Saigon residents.
Currently his pseudonym has been set for a street in District 1, Ho Chi Minh City.
# United States v. Germaine

United States v. Germaine, 99 U.S. 508 (1878), was a decision of the United States Supreme Court concerning the Appointments Clause.
# Claudine Chomat

Claudine Chomat (7 February 1915 – 15 October 1995) was a French communist militant and a member of the French Resistance during the Second World War.
Chomat was born at Saint-Etienne (Loire), her father having died a few months earlier, while on active service in the First World War. She committed herself to the French Communist Party in 1934 and helped found the Union of Young Girls in France (l'Union des Jeunes Filles de France) in 1936, with Danielle Casanova, Marie-Claude Vaillant-Couturier, and Jeannette Vermeersch. In 1937, she married Victor Michaut [Wikidata], a communist leader; the marriage lasted ten years.
At the end of 1939, she participated in the reorganization of the French Communist Party (PCF) which had been made illegal by the Edouard Daladier government. She led the women's resistance committees beginning in 1941, she founded the Union of French Women (today called Femmes solidaires) in 1944, and she served as secretary-general of that organization. In 1950, she joined the central committee of the PCF.
In 1948, she became the second wife of the communist leader, Laurent Casanova. As Casanova's wife, she suffered the disgrace of the party following the Servin-Casanova scandal in 1961. She died in Boulogne-Billancourt (Hauts-de-Seine), aged 80.
# Descarboxylysergic acid

Descarboxylysergic acid, or 8-descarboxylysergic acid, also known as 9,10-didehydro-6-methylergoline or as 6-methyl-9-ergolene, is a drug of the ergoline family related to lysergic acid and lysergamides like lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). It is the analogue of lysergic acid in which the carboxyl group at the C8 position of the molecule has been removed. Descarboxylysergic acid was synthesized in an attempt to help elucidate the minimum structural requirements for biological activity of ergoline and lysergamide drugs like LSD.

## Pharmacology

In contrast to lysergic acid, which is said to have "very unexceptional biological activity", descarboxylysergic acid was, surprisingly, found to produce effects in mice that were described as remarkably similar to those of LSD. However, it was said that the specific tests performed were not reliably indicative of hallucinogenic effects in humans. Moreover, no other assays of hallucinogen-type effects were carried out, and descarboxylysergic acid is not known to have been tested in humans. Subsequent research by David E. Nichols found that descarboxylysergic acid did not show LSD-like effects in animal drug discrimination tests. According to Nichols, the simplest ergoline with definite known psychoactive effects in humans is the lysergamide lysergic acid amide (LSA; ergine).
Descarboxylysergic acid showed effects in preclinical research suggestive of serotonergic, adrenergic, and dopaminergic activities, for instance prolactin inhibition, oxytocic, and sympatholytic effects. Although descarboxylysergic acid was significantly less potent than certain other ergolines like LSD and ergonine, it was said to still show high biological activity, comparable to drugs like ergonovine and methysergide. As a result, it has been concluded that the 8-position side chain is non-essential for activity, though it does appear to be required for extremely high potency as in drugs like LSD.

## History

Descarboxylysergic acid was first synthesized and described by Bach, Hall, and Kornfeld in 1974. It was subsequently studied by Nichols and his former student Robert A. Oberlender, the creator of lisdexamfetamine, in the 1980s.