# List of federal subjects of Russia by population

The following is a list of 83 of the 89 federal subjects of Russia in order of population according to the 2010 and 2021 Russian Census. The totals of all federal subjects do not include nationals living abroad at the time of census.

## Most recent estimates
### Legend

* Type
* Republics
* Krais (territories)
* Oblasts (regions)
* Federal cities
* Autonomous oblast (autonomous region)
* Autonomous okrugs (autonomous areas with a substantial ethnic minority)
| Federal subject | 2025 estimate | 2021 Census | % change | Area (km$^2$) | Density (/km$^2$) |
| Russian Federation | 143,569,049 | 144,699,673 | −0.78% | 17,098,246 | 8.40 |
| Moscow | 13,258,262 | 13,010,112 | +1.91% | 2,561 | 5176.99 |
| Moscow Oblast | 8,766,594 | 8,524,665 | +2.84% | 44,329 | 197.76 |
| Krasnodar Krai | 5,841,846 | 5,838,273 | +0.06% | 75,485 | 77.39 |
| Saint Petersburg | 5,645,943 | 5,601,911 | +0.79% | 1,403 | 4024.19 |
| Sverdlovsk Oblast | 4,218,204 | 4,268,998 | −1.19% | 194,307 | 21.71 |
| Rostov Oblast | 4,135,018 | 4,200,729 | −1.56% | 100,967 | 40.95 |
| Bashkortostan | 4,046,094 | 4,091,423 | −1.11% | 142,947 | 28.30 |
| Tatarstan | 4,016,571 | 4,004,809 | +0.29% | 67,847 | 59.20 |
| Chelyabinsk Oblast | 3,383,188 | 3,431,224 | −1.40% | 88,529 | 38.22 |
| Dagestan | 3,258,993 | 3,182,054 | +2.42% | 50,270 | 64.83 |
| Samara Oblast | 3,108,944 | 3,172,925 | −2.02% | 53,565 | 58.04 |
| Nizhny Novgorod Oblast | 3,037,816 | 3,119,115 | −2.61% | 76,624 | 39.65 |
| Stavropol Krai | 2,883,494 | 2,907,593 | −0.83% | 66,160 | 43.58 |
| Krasnoyarsk Krai | 2,837,374 | 2,856,971 | −0.69% | 2,366,797 | 1.20 |
| Novosibirsk Oblast | 2,784,587 | 2,797,176 | −0.45% | 177,756 | 15.67 |
| Kemerovo Oblast | 2,526,384 | 2,600,923 | −2.87% | 95,725 | 26.39 |
| Perm Krai | 2,482,080 | 2,532,405 | −1.99% | 160,236 | 15.49 |
| Volgograd Oblast | 2,435,355 | 2,500,781 | −2.62% | 112,877 | 21.58 |
| Saratov Oblast | 2,368,387 | 2,442,575 | −3.04% | 101,240 | 23.39 |
| Irkutsk Oblast | 2,316,571 | 2,370,102 | −2.26% | 774,846 | 2.99 |
| Voronezh Oblast | 2,259,610 | 2,308,792 | −2.13% | 52,216 | 43.27 |
| Altai Krai | 2,098,979 | 2,163,693 | −2.99% | 167,996 | 12.49 |
| Leningrad Oblast | 2,057,708 | 2,000,997 | +2.83% | 83,908 | 24.52 |
| Orenburg Oblast | 1,815,655 | 1,862,767 | −2.53% | 123,702 | 14.68 |
| Omsk Oblast | 1,805,443 | 1,858,798 | −2.87% | 141,140 | 12.79 |
| Primorsky Krai | 1,798,047 | 1,845,165 | −2.55% | 164,673 | 10.92 |
| Khanty–Mansi A.O. (Yugra) | 1,779,510 | 1,711,480 | +3.97% | 534,801 | 3.33 |
| Tyumen Oblast | 1,625,129 | 1,601,940 | +1.45% | 160,122 | 10.15 |
| Chechnya | 1,575,819 | 1,510,824 | +4.30% | 16,165 | 97.48 |
| Belgorod Oblast | 1,481,098 | 1,540,486 | −3.86% | 27,134 | 54.58 |
| Tula Oblast | 1,455,911 | 1,501,214 | −3.02% | 25,679 | 56.70 |
| Udmurtia | 1,427,018 | 1,452,914 | −1.78% | 42,061 | 33.93 |
| Vladimir Oblast | 1,295,930 | 1,348,134 | −3.87% | 29,084 | 44.56 |
| Khabarovsk Krai | 1,273,093 | 1,292,944 | −1.54% | 787,633 | 1.62 |
| Penza Oblast | 1,225,984 | 1,266,348 | −3.19% | 43,352 | 28.28 |
| Tver Oblast | 1,189,685 | 1,230,171 | −3.29% | 84,201 | 14.13 |
| Yaroslavl Oblast | 1,179,301 | 1,209,811 | −2.52% | 36,177 | 32.60 |
| Ulyanovsk Oblast | 1,164,837 | 1,196,745 | −2.67% | 37,181 | 31.33 |
| Chuvashia | 1,159,757 | 1,186,909 | −2.29% | 18,343 | 63.23 |
| Bryansk Oblast | 1,132,475 | 1,169,161 | −3.14% | 34,857 | 32.49 |
| Kirov Oblast | 1,120,178 | 1,153,680 | −2.90% | 120,374 | 9.31 |
| Vologda Oblast | 1,114,639 | 1,142,827 | −2.47% | 144,527 | 7.71 |
| Lipetsk Oblast | 1,107,812 | 1,143,224 | −3.10% | 24,047 | 46.07 |
| Ryazan Oblast | 1,073,981 | 1,102,810 | −2.61% | 39,605 | 27.12 |
| Kaluga Oblast | 1,064,747 | 1,069,904 | −0.48% | 29,777 | 35.76 |
| Kursk Oblast | 1,050,134 | 1,082,458 | −2.99% | 29,997 | 35.01 |
| Tomsk Oblast | 1,039,458 | 1,062,666 | −2.18% | 314,391 | 3.31 |
| Kaliningrad Oblast | 1,033,128 | 1,029,966 | +0.31% | 15,125 | 68.31 |
| Sakha (Yakutia) | 1,007,058 | 995,686 | +1.14% | 3,083,523 | 0.33 |
| Zabaykalsky Krai | 982,525 | 1,004,125 | −2.15% | 431,892 | 2.27 |
| Buryatia | 970,679 | 978,588 | −0.81% | 351,334 | 2.76 |
| Arkhangelsk Oblast | 947,192 | 978,873 | −3.24% | 413,103 | 2.29 |
| Tambov Oblast | 946,010 | 982,991 | −3.76% | 34,462 | 27.45 |
| Astrakhan Oblast | 945,991 | 960,142 | −1.47% | 49,024 | 19.30 |
| Kabardino-Balkaria | 908,090 | 904,200 | +0.43% | 12,470 | 72.82 |
| Ivanovo Oblast | 897,869 | 927,828 | −3.23% | 21,437 | 41.88 |
| Smolensk Oblast | 857,847 | 888,421 | −3.44% | 49,779 | 17.23 |
| Mordovia | 758,390 | 783,552 | −3.21% | 26,128 | 29.03 |
| Amur Oblast | 750,870 | 766,912 | −2.09% | 361,908 | 2.07 |
| Kurgan Oblast | 744,197 | 776,661 | −4.18% | 71,488 | 10.41 |
| Komi Republic | 714,391 | 737,853 | −3.18% | 416,774 | 1.71 |
| Oryol Oblast | 685,693 | 713,374 | −3.88% | 24,652 | 27.81 |
| North Ossetia–Alania | 678,454 | 687,357 | −1.30% | 7,987 | 84.94 |
| Mari El | 665,983 | 677,097 | −1.64% | 23,375 | 28.49 |
| Murmansk Oblast | 650,920 | 667,744 | −2.52% | 144,902 | 4.49 |
| Pskov Oblast | 574,199 | 599,084 | −4.15% | 55,399 | 10.36 |
| Novgorod Oblast | 566,745 | 583,387 | −2.85% | 54,501 | 10.40 |
| Kostroma Oblast | 560,758 | 580,976 | −3.48% | 60,211 | 9.31 |
| Ingushetia | 534,219 | 509,541 | +4.84% | 3,628 | 147.25 |
| Khakassia | 525,451 | 534,795 | −1.75% | 61,569 | 8.53 |
| Yamalo Nenets A.O. | 521,655 | 510,490 | +2.19% | 769,250 | 0.68 |
| Karelia | 518,644 | 533,121 | −2.72% | 180,520 | 2.87 |
| Adygea | 501,038 | 496,934 | +0.83% | 7,792 | 64.30 |
| Karachay-Cherkessia | 468,531 | 469,865 | −0.28% | 14,277 | 32.82 |
| Sakhalin Oblast | 456,792 | 466,609 | −2.10% | 87,101 | 5.24 |
| Tuva | 338,341 | 336,651 | +0.50% | 168,604 | 2.01 |
| Kamchatka Krai | 287,949 | 291,705 | −1.29% | 464,275 | 0.62 |
| Kalmykia | 267,376 | 267,133 | +0.09% | 74,731 | 3.58 |
| Altai Republic | 210,099 | 210,924 | −0.39% | 92,903 | 2.26 |
| Jewish Autonomous Oblast | 144,389 | 150,453 | −4.03% | 36,271 | 3.98 |
| Magadan Oblast | 134,202 | 136,085 | −1.38% | 462,464 | 0.29 |
| Chukotka | 47,902 | 47,490 | +0.87% | 721,481 | 0.07 |
| Nenets Autonomous Okrug | 41,829 | 41,434 | +0.95% | 176,810 | 0.24 |