OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# João Pedro de Magalhães

Joao Pedro De Magalhaes is a Portuguese molecular biologist. He studies aging through both computational and experimental approaches.
In 1999, he obtained his degree in Microbiology from Escola Superior de Biotecnologia. Under Olivier Toussaint, he obtained his PhD from the University of Namur in 2004. Then he did a postdoc in the George Church lab at Harvard Medical School from 2004 to 2008.
In 2008, he was recruited by the University of Liverpool to lead a lab studying genomic approaches to aging. In 2022, he was recruited by the University of Birmingham to be Chair of Molecular Biogerontology, and he currently leads the Genomics of Aging and Rejuvenation Lab there.
He helps maintain several databases on aging - among them - GenAge, AnAge, DrugAge, CellAge, GenDR, the Digital Aging Atlas, and Who's Who in Gerontology. His research group helped sequence the transcriptome of the long-lived bowhead whale. He also helps advise the Lifeboat Foundation.
Among his many longevity-related scientific research projects, Magalhães has sequenced and analyzed the genome of the bowhead whale. And he has also contributed to analysis of the genome of the naked mole rat. Both of these mammals are exceptionally long-lived and exceptionally cancer-resistant.
# Ivan Asen V

Ivan Asen V (Bulgarian: Иван Асен V) was the second son of emperor Ivan Alexander (r. 1331-1371) and his second wife Sarah-Theodora (r. 1337-1371). He was probably named after his elder brother Ivan Asen IV who died in 1349 in battle against the Ottoman Turks near Ihtiman or Sofia.
Together with his father and younger brother Ivan Shishman, Ivan Asen V presided over the church synods at Tarnovo in the late 1360s.
In his burial inscription ordered by Kira Maria, the first wife of his elder brother Ivan Shishman (r. 1371-1395), is written that he was buried in 1388 after he was killed by the Turks. It was written that he was in danger of "falling from the grace of the faith" which means that he was probably allured by the Ottomans to convert to Islam. From the same inscription is known that the prince had two daughters whose names were not mentioned.
Recent studies of archaeologist Nikolay Ovcharov show that Ivan Asen V probably died in an engagement against the Ottomans, led by Lala Şahin at Sofia Valley.
# Health Education Campus

The Health Education Campus (HEC) is located on the campus of the Cleveland Clinic in Cleveland, Ohio, United States at the border of University Circle and Fairfax (Midtown) neighborhoods in the Health-Tech Corridor, built through a collaboration between Case Western Reserve University and the Cleveland Clinic.

## History and architecture

Opened in 2019, the campus consists of two buildings, the Sheila and Eric Samson Pavilion and the Dental Clinic, constructed at a combined price tag of $515 million. The 477,000-square-foot Samson Pavilion was designed by Norman Foster, Baron Foster of Thames Bank of Foster + Partners in London, United Kingdom and earned a LEED-Gold certification.

## Education

The campus hosts CWRU medical, dental, nursing, and physician assistant education programs, with the intent of fostering interprofessional health professions education. Previously, most of these programs had previously held classes on the campus of CWRU and University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center. The move, announced in 2013, was a major contributing factor for University Hospitals to shift its name from University Hospitals Case Medical Center to University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center in 2016, as well as renegotiate its affiliation agreement with CWRU that same year. Schools with classes at the HEC include:
* Case Western Reserve School of Medicine
* Case Western Reserve School of Dental Medicine
* Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine (CCLCM)
* Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing
* Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences

## Non-education uses

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the HEC was converted into "Hope Hospital" with 327 low-acuity beds in case of a medical surge. However, the space was never needed for surge capacity, so in July 2020, the temporary hospital was de-constructed so fall classes could resume in the building.
On September 29, 2020, the Samson Pavilion hosted the first of the 2020 Presidential Debates between Donald Trump and Joe Biden, moderated by Chris Wallace. The first presidential debate was originally going to be hosted at the University of Notre Dame, which later withdrew over safety concerns related to the COVID-19 pandemic.
# Kaldi's Coffee

Kaldi's Coffee (Amharic: ካልዲስ ኮፊ) is an Ethiopian coffee house chain headquartered in Addis Ababa. Founded by Tsedey Asrat and Elias Ketema, it is the largest coffee house chain in Ethiopia, operating in two dozen coffee shops in Addis Ababa and other cities.

## Description

Kaldi's Coffee was established in 2005 by Tsedey Asrat and Elias Ketema. It has operated over two dozen coffee shops in Addis Ababa as well as other cities in Ethiopia. It is by far the largest coffee house chain in Ethiopia. Tseday stated in one interview that the business behind Kaldi's Coffee was:
   Kaldi’s was able to get popularity instantly by offering quality services and coffee. I hadn’t even thought about opening more than one at the beginning. After 18 months in the business, I was able to see the growing demand because we had a lot of customers. It made sense to follow where there is demand; this led to the opening of the second chain and the others followed.
# Jayanti Patnaik

Jayanti Patnaik (7 April 1932 – 28 September 2022) was an Indian politician and social worker. She was the first Chairperson of the National Commission for Women. Her term of office was from 3 February 1992 to 30 January 1995.

## Early life and education

She was born in 1932 in Aska, Ganjam district of Orissa. Her father is Niranjan Patnaik. She was educated at Harihar High School, Aska. She has studied Master of Arts (M.A.) in Social Work from Sailabala Women's College under Utkal University, Cuttack. She pursued advanced studies at Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai.
She married politician Janaki Ballabh Patnaik in 1953, who later became Chief Minister of Odisha, and the couple had one son and two daughters.
# Antoni Wąsik

Antoni Wąsik (born 24 February 1886 in Warsaw, died 19 May 1956) was a Polish socialist and trade union activist, Siberian exile, and pro-Stalin prisoner. He was the father of Stanisław Wąsik, an activist of the Polish Socialist Party in exile.

## Biography

He was born on 24 February 1886 in Warsaw, to the family of Teodor and Teofila née Waśkiewicz. From 1904, he was a member of the Polish Socialist Party. In 1905, as a student, he organized a school strike at the Praga Gymnasium in Warsaw. He was sentenced to exile in Siberia, where he stayed from 1907 to 1911. He passed his matriculation exam in Tobolsk. From 1911, he worked in Odessa, including as the secretary of the Council of Representatives of the Industry and Trade of Southern Russia, and later as the vice-chairman of the State Defense Council for the Odessa district. During World War I, he was active in the Polish Socialist Party – Left in Odessa. He participated in the February Revolution of 1917 and was elected a member of the Odesa City Council. He returned to Poland in February 1923. In the interwar period, he was an activist of the Polish Socialist Party, a member of the district committee in Praga, and after 1928, a member and vice-chairman of the district workers' committee in Warsaw. He was a member of the PPS Central Council from 1928 to 1934 and again from 1937.
As a trade union activist, he served as the general secretary of the Union of Workers in the Food Industry in Poland, and from 1929 to 1937, simultaneously as the chairman of the union. From 1929 to 1939, he was a member of the Executive Department of the Central Commission of Trade Unions. In 1938, he was a member of the supervisory board of the Warsaw Housing Cooperative. From 1939 to 1945, he was a member of the Polish Socialist Party – Freedom, Equality, Independence, heading the Committee on Trade Unions. From 1945, he collaborated with Kazimierz Pużak. On July 6, 1946, he was arrested on charges of collaborating with armed units of Marian Bernaciak "Orlik". Deputy Minister of Security Henryk Wachowicz (a member of the "Lublin" PPS) released Wąsik from prison in the absence of Minister Stanisław Radkiewicz. After a few hours, Stanisław Radkiewicz overturned this decision and re-arrested Wąsik. In October 1946, Wąsik was sentenced by the Supreme Military Court to 6 years in prison. In April 1948, on the orders of Gen. Roman Romkowski and Col. Józef Różański, he was released from prison "due to poor health".
He died on 19 May 1956. He is buried at the Bródno Cemetery (section 112H-2-24).

## Awards

* Medal of Independence (16 March 1937)
# Omar J. Marrero

Omar J. Marrero Díaz is a Puerto Rican government official who served as the Secretary of State of Puerto Rico from 2021 to 2025, under governor Pedro Pierluisi. The role is the equivalent to the role of a lieutenant governor.

## Early life and education

Born on December 14, 1988, in San Juan, Puerto Rico, Marrero obtained a B.B.A. (Bachelor of Business Administration) from the University of Dayton (Ohio). After earning a Juris Doctor from the Interamerican University of Puerto Rico and passing the bar, he went on to obtain an L.L.M. (Master of Laws) in Corporate Law from New York University School of Law.

## Career

Marrero's public service career includes having served as Secretary of the Puerto Rico Department of Consumer Affairs. Executive Director of the Puerto Rico Ports Authority, the Convention District Authority and the Puerto Rico Public–Private Partnerships Authority, or P3 Authority.
Marrero is also the executive director of the Puerto Rico Fiscal Agency and Financial Advisory Authority (AAFAF). In July 2021, he was appointed by Pedro Pierluisi as the Secretary of State of Puerto Rico. Marrero was confirmed by the Puerto Rico Legislature in November of that same year.
# JGB (company)

JGB S.A. is a Colombian company that manufactures pharmaceutical products, multivitamin supplements, oral hygiene products and home care products, founded in 1875. It is one of the oldest companies in Colombia.

## Historia

In 1875, the doctor Enrique Garcés Velasco founded the Garcés drugstore, which he ran with his wife Joaquina Borrero de Garcés. In 1899, Dr. Jorge Enrique Garcés died and his son Jorge Garcés Borrero, together with his mother, took over the management of the pharmacy. In 1925 the company formally changed its name to Laboratorios JGB (initials of its name), specialising in the production of pharmaceutical products, especially one of its most marketed products, granulated glue "Tarrito Rojo".
The main plant is in the city of Cali and has two more in Cartagena and Cajicá. Until 2014 it had 1,000 employees. The company exports its products to several distributors located in the Región Andina and the Estados Unidos and maintains operations in Ecuador and Venezuela.
# Lane v. Wilson

Lane v. Wilson, 307 U.S. 268 (1939), was a United States Supreme Court case that found a 12-day one-time voter registration window to be discriminatory for black citizens who were excluded from voting prior and repugnant to the Fifteenth Amendment. It eliminated the power of county registrars illegally excluding black citizens.

## Background

In 1915, the Supreme Court of the United States held in Guinn v. United States that a grandfather clause to Oklahoma's literacy test for voting was unconstitutional, violating the Fifteenth Amendment. In response, the Oklahoma legislature passed a law giving citizens of the state a 12-day period, from April 30 to May 11, 1916, in which they were allowed to register to vote. Individuals who missed that registration period would be barred permanently from voting. But, a grandfather clause exempting citizens who had voted in 1914, that is, before Guinn, largely exempted white voters from the provisions of the narrow registration window. In practice, the registration period worked against black citizens.
I. W. Lane, a black citizen of Oklahoma, was banned from voting under Oklahoma's rules, and sued for $5,000 in damages. The district court found against him, and the Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the ruling of the district court. Lane appealed to the US Supreme Court.

## Decision

Justice Frankfurter delivered the ruling of the court, which held that Oklahoma's registration window and grandfather clause violated the Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
# Seafoam, Nova Scotia

Seafoam is an unincorporated area in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in Pictou County. It is on Nova Scotia Trunk 6 between the communities of Melville and Toney River. It is a rural area on the Northumberland Strait to the east of Cape John. The nearest village is River John, some 8 km southwest, and postal, telephone and fire services are provided from there. The nearest town is Pictou some 23 km to the east.
There are two alternative sources for the origins of the name. One is that it comes from the name of a schooner that was wrecked here. The other is that it describes the state of the shore during a storm.
Most work in the past has been from farming, fishing and forestry. There were once two wharves at Seafoam, both with lobster canneries. Neither are being worked today. One at MacDonalds Cove is now derelict and the other was 3 km to the east at Baillies Cove. In the early 1900s a quarry was exporting stone by sea.
A school was built here in approximately 1900. The first building burnt down in 1926 and was replaced by a nearby hall which served as the school until 1968. The building is now the Melville-Seafoam Community Hall.
# Minik

Minik may refer to:
* Minik (given name), the given name
* Minik Wallace (ca. 1890 – 1918), an Inuk brought to the United States of America from Greenland along with five other Inuit in 1897 by explorer Robert Peary
* Domingo Pérez Minik (1903–1989), Spanish writer
# Andrew Robertson (sprinter)

Andrew Robertson (born 17 December 1990) is an English sprinter. At the 2025 European Athletics Indoor Championships in Apeldoorn, he won a bronze medal in the 60 metres.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| Representing Great Britain and England ||||||
| 2007 | European Youth Olympic Festival | Belgrade, Serbia | 2nd | 200 m | 21.72 |
| 2007 | European Youth Olympic Festival | Belgrade, Serbia | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 41.62 |
| 2009 | European Junior Championships | Novi Sad, Serbia | 4th | 100 m | 10.37 |
| 2009 | European Junior Championships | Novi Sad, Serbia | 3rd | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.78 |
| 2011 | European U23 Championships | Ostrava, Czech Republic | 3rd | 100 m | 10.52 |
| 2011 | European U23 Championships | Ostrava, Czech Republic | 2nd | 4 × 100 m relay | 39.10 |
| 2014 | Commonwealth Games | Glasgow, United Kingdom | 4th (h) | 4 × 100 m relay | 38.78 |
| 2015 | IAAF World Relays | Nassau, Bahamas | 1st (B) | 4 × 100 m relay | 38.67 |
| 2015 | European Athletics Team Championships | Cheboksary, Russia | 1st | 4 × 100 m relay | 38.21CR |
| 2016 | World Indoor Championships | Portland, United States | 11th (sf) | 60 m | 6.61 |
| 2017 | European Indoor Championships | Belgrade, Serbia | 4th (sf) | 60 m | 6.63$^1$ |
| 2018 | World Indoor Championships | Birmingham, United Kingdom | 13th (sf) | 60 m | 6.63 |
| 2018 | Athletics World Cup | London, United Kingdom | 8th | 4 × 100 m | 38.97 |
| 2021 | European Indoor Championships | Toruń, Poland | 4th | 60 m | 6.63 |
| 2022 | World Indoor Championships | Belgrade, Serbia | 12th (sf) | 60 m | 6.64 |
| 2025 | European Indoor Championships | Apeldoorn, Netherlands | 3rd | 60 m | 6.55 |

## Personal bests

Outdoor
* 100 metres – 10.10 (+1.9 m/s, Bedford 2014)
* 200 metres – 20.76 (+1.1 m/s, Loughborough 2013)
Indoor
* 60 metres – 6.54 (Sheffield 2016)
# Yaya Hitayati

Yaya Hitayati (born 14 August 1930) is an Indonesian actress and singer who was active in the 1940s and 1950s. She is the part of Classical Indonesian Cinema.

## Career

Yaya started her career by joined Sriwana orchestra as a singer and joined Melati troupe in Tasikmalaya during the Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies, as a lead actress. She made her film debut by starred in Supir Istimewa (1954) as a supporting role and made another minor role in Djakarta di Waktu Malam (1954), and Dewi Rimba (1954). She left the film industry in 1955 after starred in Lain Dulu Lain Sekarang (1954).

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role |
| 1954 | Supir Istimewa | Khalsum |
| 1954 | Djakarta di Waktu Malam | Edy's wife |
| 1954 | Dewi Rimba | Rosana |
| 1954 | Eulis Atjih | Mariana |
| 1954 | Lain Dulu Lain Sekarang | Sudarma's wife |

## Works cited

* Biran, Misbach Yusa, ed. (1979). Apa Siapa Orang Film Indonesia 1926–1978 [What and Who: Film Figures in Indonesia, 1926–1978]. Sinematek Indonesia. OCLC 6655859.
# Lynch v. United States

Lynch v. United States, 292 U.S. 571 (1934), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that people can have property interests in contractual agreements with the United States that are protected by due process.Accordingly, Congress cannot reduce expenditures by repudiating and abrogating the contractual obligations of the United States.

## Significance

The holding in Lynch was unusual because the actual Contracts Clause explicitly denies states the power to pass any "Law impairing the Obligation of Contracts." Because that does not apply to the federal government, the court placed an analogous right in the Fifth Amendment Due Process Clause, which does apply.
The court struck down another act for similar reasons the next year in Louisville Joint Stock Land Bank v. Radford. However, after the end of the Lochner era, the court relaxed this thread of its jurisprudence.
# Milliken v. Meyer

Milliken v. Meyer, 311 U.S. 457 (1940), was a U.S. legal case in which both parties were residents of Wyoming. However, the defendant, Meyer, at the time of the suit was served personally in Colorado. In the subsequent trial he collaterally challenged the ruling in WY citing the court's previous holding in Pennoyer v Neff. The U.S. Supreme Court found that individuals can be sued in the state of their domicile for all claims.
# Blackjack (Fear the Walking Dead)

"Blackjack" is the thirteenth episode of the fourth season of the post-apocalyptic horror television series Fear the Walking Dead, which aired on AMC on September 9, 2018 in the United States.

## Plot

The mysterious woman contacts Morgan and others over the walkie and Morgan recognizes her voice. She warns them to stop helping people, as it makes them weak. Strand and John are marooned and the surrounding waters has an alligator in it. Luciana comes across Clayton, an older man who is mortally wounded and trapped in his car from the storm. His last wish is to have a beer, so Luciana sets off in search of one. John and Strand assemble a raft using a camper shell from a truck. John uses the horn to lure Infected to the water to distract the alligator as they begin to cross. However, the horn dies and the alligator attacks their raft, causing a leak. John fires at it and they swim back. Luciana discovers a supply box left by Morgan and finds a beer inside (from Jim, who is a brewer). The box is also marked with Morgan's radio channel. Luciana returns to Clayton with the beer, and he tells her he was a truck driver and has notebooks with descriptions of locations where he left supplies. He later dies. Luciana reunites with Morgan and the others after contacting his radio channel. Morgan is then contacted by Charlie and Alicia on the radio, but is interrupted by the mysterious woman, who is driving Althea's SWAT truck. She approaches the semi-truck with everyone inside and opens fire with the SWAT truck's guns.

## Reception

"Blackjack" received somewhat positive from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, "Blackjack" garnered a 71% rating with an average score of 8/10 based on 7 reviews.

### Ratings

The episode was seen by 1.71 million viewers in the United States on its original air date, above the previous episodes ratings of 1.52 million viewers.
# Tramezzino

A tramezzino (Italian:; pl.: tramezzini) is an Italian sandwich consisting of two slices of soft white bread, with the crusts removed, usually cut in a triangle. Popular fillings include prosciutto, tuna, and olives, but many other fillings can be used.

## Etymology

The term tramezzino was coined by Gabriele D'Annunzio to replace the English word sandwich. It is the diminutive of the word tramezzo, meaning 'in-between' (formed with the addition of the suffix -ino).

## History

The origin of the tramezzino can be found in the Caffè Mulassano in Piazza Castello, Turin, where it was devised in 1925 as an alternative to English tea sandwich. In July 19, the newspaper La Cucina Italiana wrote the first official recipe for the sandwich.
# The Other Palace

The Other Palace is a theatre in London's Off West End which opened on 18 September 2012 as the St. James Theatre. It features a 312-seat main theatre and a 120-seat studio theatre. It was built on the site of the former Westminster Theatre, which was damaged by a fire in 2002 and subsequently demolished. It was owned by Andrew Lloyd Webber's Really Useful Theatres Group from 2016 to 2021, which gave it its current name.
Described as "the first newly built theatre complex in central London for 30 years", the building was designed by Foster Wilson Architects. The theatre began its debut season in September 2012 with the London premiere of Sandi Toksvig's Bully Boy.
After its acquisition by Really Useful Theatres Group, Paul Taylor Mills was appointed as the new artistic director, with a programme intended to develop new musicals. The name change became official in February 2017. In June 2018, Chris Harper stepped into the role of Director of Programming.
In May 2021, Lloyd Webber announced he was putting the theatre up for sale, calling the decision "heart-wrenching" and adding that he hoped "the future owners will love it as much as I have."
In October 2021, it was announced the theatre had been sold to Bill Kenwright. Kenwright had previously produced musicals including Heathers and Be More Chill at The Other Palace.

## Notable productions

* La Strada – London transfer following UK tour, directed by Sally Cookson, starring Audrey Brisson
* The Last Five Years (2016) – starring Jonathan Bailey and Samantha Barks
* The Wild Party (2017) – starring Frances Ruffelle and John Owen-Jones
* Big Fish (2017) – UK premiere starring Kelsey Grammer, directed by Nigel Harman
* Eugenius! (2018) – World premiere (following concert at London Palladium in 2016)
* Heathers The Musical (2018 – 2023) – UK premiere (following workshop in the studio in 2017) before transferring to the Theatre Royal Haymarket, starring Carrie Hope Fletcher
* The Messiah (2018) – London transfer following UK tour, written and directed by Patrick Barlow, starring Hugh Dennis, Martin Marquez and Lesley Garrett
* Falsettos (2019) – UK premiere starring Daniel Boys, Joel Montague, Laura Pitt-Pulford, Oliver Savile. Natasha J Barnes, Gemma Knight-Jones
* Amélie (2019) – UK premiere (London transfer following UK tour), starring Audrey Brisson
* Be More Chill (2020) – UK premiere (cut short due to COVID-19 pandemic)
* Cruel Intentions: The '90s Musical (2024) – UK premiere
* The Lightning Thief: The Percy Jackson Musical (2024) – UK premiere