OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Japanese submarine I-180

Japanese submarine I-180 (originally I-80) was a Kaidai type (KD7 sub-class) cruiser submarine of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II. Ordered in 1939 under the 4th Naval Armaments Supplement Programme, she was laid down at the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal on 17 April 1941 as I-80. Launched on 7 February 1942, she was renumbered I-180 on 20 May 1942, and completed on 15 January 1943.

## Service history

At the end of March 1943, with her sister ships I-177 and I-178, I-180 departed from Truk to patrol off the east coast of Australia. There she torpedoed and sank the Australian merchant ship Wollongbar on 29 April 1943, the Norwegian merchant ship Fingal on 5 May 1943, and damaged the Australian merchant vessels Ormiston and Caradale on 12 May 1943.
In mid-July 1943 I-180 was diverted from her patrol to Kolombangara in the Solomon Islands, arriving in the aftermath of the battle and rescuing 21 survivors from the light cruiser Jintsu.
On 12 October 1943, the Allies launched an air offensive against Rabaul, with 349 aircraft attacking the port and airfields. During the attack I-180 sustained a direct hit which wrecked her superstructure and prevented her from diving. She sailed on the surface back to Sasebo for repairs and was operational again early the next year.
In late March 1944 she sailed from Ominato to patrol off the Aleutian Islands. On 19 April she sank the liberty ship SS John Straub, and almost certainly also sank the Soviet cargo ship Pavlin Vinogradov on 22 April.
Late on 25 April, she was detected while surfaced by the destroyer escort USS Gilmore southwest of Chirikof Island. The submarine promptly crash dived, and over the next three hours Gilmore laid down three barrages of Mark 10 "Hedgehog" anti-submarine mortar shells without result, and then two patterns of depth charges, before finally seeing a heavy underwater explosion at 01:12 on 26 April at 55°9′57″N 155°40′0″W﻿ / ﻿55.16583°N 155.66667°W﻿ / 55.16583; -155.66667. On 20 May 1944 I-180 was presumed lost with all hands, and on 10 July 1944 was removed from the Navy List.
# Madiha Rashid Al-Madfai

Madiha Rashid Al-Madfai (Arabic: مديحة رشيد المدفعي) (died 26 November 2019) was a Palestinian radio broadcaster for BBC Arabic. She was the first woman to broadcast news bulletins on BBC Arabic and presented multiple political programmes of a serious nature such as Panorama and Opinion and Other Opinion of which the Arabic public were unfamiliar with. Al-Madfai had also worked for the Voice of Palestine from Cairo and worked on the Jordanian radio industry. She retired from radio broadcasting in 2000.

## Background and education

Al-Madfai was a from Jordanian national who was born in Palestine. She was the daughter of the Jordanian government minister Rashid Al-Madfai. She graduated from The American University in Cairo after studying journalism and political science. Al-Madfai completed a Doctor of Philosophy degree in political science at the University of London in the mid-1980s.

## Career

Following graduation from The American University in Cairo, she spent a few months working for the Voice of Palestine radio station in Cairo and then went on to join the Jordanian radio scene. Al-Madfai began working for BBC Arabic Radio in 1960, presenting variety programmes before going to read political news bulletins, the latter of which was dominated by men. She was the first female to broadcast BBC Arabic news bulletins, fifteen years before women could do the same job for the English-language international radio station BBC World Service. Al-Madfai was allowed to broadcast on the radio following talks with BBC directors who were conservative with their position of not favouring women to read the news or present political programmes.
Al-Madfai was the first person to broadcast on the radio the news of the crossing of the Suez Canal by the Egyptian Army during the Yom Kippur War in 1973. It came when she was broadcasting the news on air and the English editor provided her with that information on a piece of paper written in English. Al-Madfai presented multiple political programmes with a serious nature of which the Arab public were not familiar with such as the Panorama documentary programme broadcasting a diverse range of topics that became popular with listeners and the Opinion and Other Opinion discussion programme. In 1993, she published the book Jordan, the United States and the Middle East Peace Process, 1974–1991. Seven years later, Al-Madfai retired from the radio industry.

## Personal life

She was married to the broadcaster Nadim Nasser. Al-Madfai died in London on 26 November 2019.

## Legacy

She was recognizable by the announcement "The news bulletin from the BBC read to you by Madiha Rashid al-Madfai" Al-Madfai helped to establish a precedent for other women in the Arab world to get into radio such as Huda Al-Rasheed, Salwa Jarrah, Hala Salah El-Din, Samia Al-Atrash, Nadia Saleh and Afaf Jalal among others.
# Nick Sanderson

Nick Sanderson (22 April 1961 – 8 June 2008) was an English musician, most famous for being the front man in Earl Brutus, and a short-term member of the Scottish alternative rock band the Jesus and Mary Chain.

## Musical career

Sanderson started his professional career in the early 1980s by becoming the drummer in the Sheffield post-punk group Clock DVA. After that he drummed for the re-formed punk-blues group The Gun Club. He later joined World of Twist, a Manchester-based group.
In the early 1990s, Sanderson became a lyricist and singer in Earl Brutus. The band eventually signed a deal with the Island Records subsidiary Fruition. The two Earl Brutus albums, Your Majesty. . . We Are Here (1996) and Tonight You Are the Special One (1998) received critical acclaim, but did not make the charts.
In 1998, he also played for the Jesus and Mary Chain on their album Munki, and for Jim Reid's Freeheat, in addition to writing "Male Wife" with William Reid on Lazycame's album Yawn! in 2000.

## Personal life

Sanderson was married to the Gun Club's Japanese bassist, Romi Mori, with whom he had a son, Syd.
After Earl Brutus's commercial failure, Sanderson got a job as an engine driver on the Brighton to London line.
He died in 2008 after a battle with lung cancer. A tribute concert was held in his remembrance.
# Little Cranberry Island

Little Cranberry Island is an island of roughly 200 acres (0.81 km$^2$) located in the U.S. state of Maine. It is one of the five islands of the Town of Cranberry Isles. It has the postal designation Islesford, ZIP code 04646.
# Camphill Movement

The Camphill Movement is an initiative for social change based on the principles of anthroposophy. Camphill communities are residential communities and schools that provide support for the education, employment, and daily lives of adults and children with developmental disabilities, mental health problems, or other special needs.
There are over 100 Camphill communities in more than 20 countries across Europe, North America, Southern Africa and Asia.

## Founding

The movement was founded in 1939 at Kirkton House near Aberdeen by a group that included Austrian paediatrician Karl König. It was König's view that every human being possessed a healthy "inner personality" that was independent of their outer characteristics, including characteristics marking developmental or mental disability, and the role of the school was to recognize, nurture and educate this essential self. The communities' philosophy, anthroposophy, states that "a perfectly formed spirit and destiny belong to each human being." The underlying principles of König's Camphill school were derived from concepts of education and social life outlined decades earlier by anthroposophist Rudolf Steiner (1861–1925).Today there are over 100 communities worldwide, in more than 20 countries, mainly in Europe, but also in North America and Southern Africa.

## History

The Camphill Movement takes its name from Camphill Estate in the Milltimber area of Aberdeen, Scotland, where the Camphill pioneers moved to with their first community for children with special needs in June 1940. Camphill Estate is now a campus of Camphill School Aberdeen. There are six Camphills in the Aberdeen area.
The Camphill School Aberdeen was noted in the HMI/Care Commission report for 2007 as meeting "very good" to "excellent" standards, The school also holds Autism Accreditation from the National Autistic Society.
The Botton village received the Deputy Prime Minister's Award for Sustainable Communities in 2005; the award cited the community's dedication to the ethos of sustainability and mutual respect, as well as their concrete achievements in these areas.
# Palmeirais

Palmeirais is a municipality in the state of Piauí in the Northeast region of Brazil.
# Morro Cabeça no Tempo

Morro Cabeça no Tempo is a municipality in the state of Piauí in the Northeast region of Brazil.
# Bujar Spahiu

Bujar Spahiu (born 26 February 1976) is an Albanian Muslim scholar who has been the Grand Mufti of Albania since March 2019. He is also the chairman of the Sunni Muslim Community of Albania. His predecessor was Skënder Bruçaj. Previously, he served as vice chairman of the Muslim Community of Albania.
Spahiu had been director of the Department of Education in the Muslim Community of Albania.

## Early life

Spahiu earned a degree in theology from Al-Azhar University in Egypt.

## Election

The election process for the new chairman of the Muslim Community of Albania was held on 2 March 2019. He was elected chairman of the Muslim Community of Albania. He received 26 votes against 2 votes over Mufti of Tirana Ylli Gurra. The election of Bujar Spahiu to head the KMSH was marred by controversy. Some imams and other Muslim clerics like Gurra viewed it as illegal that contravened the rules of KMSH and regarded his elevation to the position as a coup by the Gülen movement which is based in the United States.
# Gibraltar, Nova Scotia

44°48′16.73″N 63°10′29.97″W﻿ / ﻿44.8046472°N 63.1749917°W﻿ / 44.8046472; -63.1749917﻿ (Gibraltar, Nova Scotia)
Gibraltar is a rural community of the Halifax Regional Municipality in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia on Nova Scotia Route 357, approximately 15 km north of Musquodoboit Harbour.

## Recreation and facilities

There are no permanent residents here, but it is the northern terminus of the Musquodoboit Trailway, a 14.5 km multi-use rail-to-trail. In addition, two of the Musquodoboit Trailways' wilderness trails, namely the North Granite Ridge Trail and the Gibraltar Rock Trail, begin here.
vtePlaces adjacent to Gibraltar, Nova Scotia :
Meaghers Grant, Nova Scotia Middle Musquodoboit, Nova Scotia Via Route 357
Gibraltar, Nova Scotia
Musquodoboit Harbour, Nova Scotia Via Route 357 To Trunk 7 :
# Sébastien Ruette

Sébastien Ruette (born (1977-06-22)22 June 1977) is a retired Canadian male volleyball player. He was part of the Canada men's national volleyball team at the 2002 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship in Japan. He played for Paris Volley, France.

## Clubs

* Paris Volley, France (2002)
# Ampelita percyana

Ampelita percyana is a species of tropical air-breathing land snail, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Acavidae.

## Description

The height of the shell attains 18 mm, its diameter 31 mm.
(Original description in Latin) The shell, characterized by its thinness and depressed-globose form, is moderately umbilicate. Its surface is minutely granulate in subserial rows and sculpted with very oblique growth lines. The shell's coloration is brownish-olive, sparsely marked with opaque milky-white flashes. It consists of four rapidly increasing, convex whorls. The body whorl is large, somewhat inflated, and descends anteriorly. The spire is slightly prominent, terminating in an obtuse apex. The aperture is large, transverse, and slightly oblique, positioned nearly subhorizontally, with a lilac interior. The peristome is white, shortly expanded, and reflexed. Its margins are approximate, and the columellar edge is oblique, rather straight, and barely arched.

## Distribution

This species is endemic to Madagascar.
# Al-Mustafa Army in Iraq

Al-Mustafa Army in Iraq (Arabic: جيش المصطفى في العراق, romanized: Jaysh al-Muṣṭafá fī al-ʻIrāq) was an Iraqi insurgent group during the Iraqi insurgency.

## Attacks and threats

In March 2005, Al-Mustafa Army (Under the name of Al-Qaeda in Iraq) claimed responsibility for a car bombing in the neighborhood of Bab al-Mu’adham, Iraq. Then in April 2008, openly called war on the Islamic State of Iraq after some back and forth with the organization. In June 2009, Al-Mustafa threatened Obama after making a speech in Egypt.
# 1981 Antwerp synagogue bombing

On 20 October 1981, a truck bomb exploded outside a Portuguese Jewish synagogue in the centre of Antwerp, Belgium, in the diamond district of Antwerp. The explosion took place shortly after 9:00 AM on a Tuesday morning, a few minutes before Simchat Torah religious services were to begin. Three people were killed and 106 wounded.

## Bombing

The bomb had been concealed in a delivery truck parked overnight with one wheel removed as if it had broken down. The explosion blew in the doors and stained-glass windows of the synagogue and smashed storefronts and windows for blocks around. After the blast, only the vehicle's axles, glass, and other debris remained. Police sources said the registration number on the van's chassis revealed it was bought from a Brussels second-hand car dealer. It carried a transit license plate of the kind issued to foreigners residing for a short while in Belgium. The licence was taken out by a young dark-haired man who gave his name as Nicola Brazzi and an address which later proved to be that of Brussels hotel. The investigation showed that Brazzi, believed to be Lebanese, had never registered at the hotel. The same name was found on a register of another hotel where he had entered his nationality as Cypriot.

## Responsibility

The Palestinian terrorist group Black September claimed responsibility for the attack, the group which previously staged a number of terrorist attacks, including the 1972 Munich Olympics massacre in which 11 Israeli athletes and a West German policeman were killed, and in which five of the eight guerrillas were killed. A local television station also claimed that the Belgian cell of Action Directe also claimed responsibility for the attack, but the Antwerp police said that the group had not been heard of before in Belgium. Within a week Belgian police in Ghent arrested three German neo-Nazis for the attack. In November 2008, a 55-year-old man of Palestinian origin and with Lebanese and Canadian passports was arrested in Ottawa, Canada, on a provisional extradition warrant for the 1980 Paris synagogue bombing and as a suspect for the Antwerp bomb attack.

## Other attacks

The attack was one year after the 1980 Paris synagogue bombing, which also took place on the eve of Simchat Torah. The Belgian prime minister of the time, Mark Eyskens condemned the attack as "diabolically wicked", saying it was "clearly another attack against the Jewish community." It was the second anti-Jewish incident in Antwerp in three months. There was also an attack on Jews in Antwerp in July 1980. A Palestinian threw a hand grenade at a party of Jewish schoolchildren leaving for a vacation, killing one and wounding 20 others. The attacker was arrested and convicted. In May 2014 there was an attack on the Jewish Museum of Belgium in which four people were killed.
# University of Louisiana System

The University of Louisiana System (UL System) is a public university system in the U.S. state of Louisiana. It enrolls more students than the other three public university systems in the state; as of October 2023, it claims more than 91,500 students throughout its institutions. Its headquarters are in the Claiborne Building in Baton Rouge.

## History

The UL System began operating under its new name in 1996, and was founded in 1975 as the Board of Trustees for State Colleges and Universities.

## Member institutions

The University of Louisiana System has nine member institutions:
* Grambling State University main campus
* Louisiana Tech University main campus
* McNeese State University main campus
* Nicholls State University main campus
* Northwestern State University main campus
* Southeastern Louisiana University main campus
* University of Louisiana at Lafayette main campus
* University of Louisiana at Monroe main campus
* University of New Orleans main campus

## Administration

The system's president and CEO is Rick Gallot, replacing Jim Henderson in October 2023. Henderson was hired as president in 2016.

### Past presidents

* William "Bill" Junkin (1975–1986, as Executive Director)
* J. Larry Crain (1986–1988)
* David C. McCormick (1989–1991)
* James A. Caillier (1992–1999)
* Carroll Falcon (acting) (1998–1999, 2001)
* Bobby Jindal (1999–2001)
* Sally Clausen (2001–2008)
* Randy Moffett (2008–2012)
* Sandra Woodley (2013–2015).
* Dan Reneau (acting) (2015–2016)
* Jim Henderson (2016-2023)
Crain, Clausen, and Moffett had previously been president of Southeastern Louisiana University. Jindal, a future Louisiana governor, was the youngest president of the University of Louisiana system at age 28.

## Naming conventions

In 1999, the University of Southwestern Louisiana became the University of Louisiana at Lafayette and Northeast Louisiana University became the University of Louisiana at Monroe, based on legislation passed in 1995. ULS policy requires both school's abbreviated names to include the municipality, precluding the use of "UL" alone. In 2013, then-president Woodley stated that the policy does not address stand-alone usage of "Louisiana" including within athletics, where usage of particular monikers and acronyms became a point of contention. Soon after, the University of Louisiana at Lafayette's athletic moniker became the "Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns."
# Necklace problem

The necklace problem is a problem in recreational mathematics concerning the reconstruction of necklaces (cyclic arrangements of binary values) from partial information.

## Formulation

The necklace problem involves the reconstruction of a necklace of $n$ beads, each of which is either black or white, from partial information. The information specifies how many copies the necklace contains of each possible arrangement of $k$ black beads. For instance, for $k=2$, the specified information gives the number of pairs of black beads that are separated by $i$ positions, for $i=0,\dots ,\lfloor n/2-1\rfloor$. This can be made formal by defining a $k$-configuration to be a necklace of $k$ black beads and $n-k$ white beads, and counting the number of ways of rotating a $k$-configuration so that each of its black beads coincides with one of the black beads of the given necklace.
The necklace problem asks: if $n$ is given, and the numbers of copies of each $k$-configuration are known up to some threshold $k\leq K$, how large does the threshold $K$ need to be before this information completely determines the necklace that it describes? Equivalently, if the information about $k$-configurations is provided in stages, where the $k$th stage provides the numbers of copies of each $k$-configuration, how many stages are needed (in the worst case) in order to reconstruct the precise pattern of black and white beads in the original necklace?

## Upper bounds

Alon, Caro, Krasikov and Roditty showed that 1 + log$_2$(n) is sufficient, using a cleverly enhanced inclusion–exclusion principle.
Radcliffe and Scott showed that if n is prime, 3 is sufficient, and for any n, 9 times the number of prime factors of n is sufficient.
Pebody showed that for any n, 6 is sufficient and, in a followup paper, that for odd n, 4 is sufficient. He conjectured that 4 is again sufficient for even n greater than 10, but this remains unproven.
# Abuse of Power (film)

Abuse of Power (Greek: Κατάχρησις Εξουσίας) is a 1971 film starring Nikos Kourkoulos, Betty Livanou and Manos Katrakis.

## Plot

Nikos Kourkoulos plays Haridimos Tsiontis, a student who becomes a police detective and a member of the drug squad looking for the killers of his drug-addicted brother. His unconventional tactics get him into trouble with his superiors but they eventually relent and allow him to continue his investigation. The drug dealers discover his identity and force him to become a drug addict. In the end, Tsiontis recovers from his drug addiction and manages to get the drug kingpin arrested. His superior officer congratulates him and offers him a permanent job as a member of the drug squad but Tsiontis refuses and returns to his studies.

## Reception

Abuse of Power was the fourth most commercially successful film of 1971 in Greece.

## Cast

* Nikos Kourkoulos ..... Charidimos Siontis / Stathis Theodorelos
* Betty Livanou ..... Eleni Apostolopoulou
* Manos Katrakis ..... Kanelos Vasilopoulos
* Spyros Kalogirou ..... Vasilis Apostolopoulos
* Giannis Argyris ..... boss
* Nassos Kedrakas ..... pub owner
* Andreas Filippidis ..... police chief
* Spyros Konstantopoulos ..... Peresiadis
* Dinos Karydis ..... Antonis

## Release

The film premiered in Greece on 23 March 1971.
# Franz Ignaz Oefele

Franz Ignaz Oefele (26 June 1721, Posen - 18 September 1797, Munich) was a German painter, etcher, and miniaturist. His name is sometimes spelled "Öffele" and is occasionally seen as "Oeffele-Piekarski", for reasons unknown.

## Life

His father was a watchmaker from Bavaria, who died before Oefele was a year old, so he was raised by an uncle in Landsberg am Lech who operated a brewery. There, apparently having displayed some artistic inclinations, he took lessons from a local painter, then went on to Ingolstadt, where he studied with Melchior Buchner [de] and, finally, to Augsburg for lessons with Gottfried Bernhard Göz. He then went to work for Balthasar Augustin Albrecht, the Bavarian court painter. in Munich. After some time there, working with several artists, he went to Venice and was accepted as a student by Giuseppe Nogari.
He remained there for six years, followed by studies with the English history painter John Parker and the Flemish painter Jan Frans van Bloemen in Rome. After eight years in Italy, he returned to Munich and became the court painter for Maximilian III Joseph, Elector of Bavaria. In 1770, he helped to create and was appointed the first Professor of Drawing at what would later become the Academy of Fine Arts, with an annual salary of 100 Gulden. He was also a member of the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf.
He painted primarily altarpieces and portraits. Several of his best-known portraits were made into copper engravings by Franz Xaver Jungwirth. Despite his apparent success, it is reported that he left his family in serious financial difficulties.
His older cousin was the historian and librarian, Andreas Felix von Oefele.
# John Zarrella

John Zarrella is an American news correspondent. He worked for CNN from 1981 to 2014. He was the principal correspondent for CNN's coverage of the U.S. space program, covering such events such as John Glenn’s 1998 return to space, the Mars Pathfinder mission and numerous space shuttle launches. Zarrella was the CNN network correspondent on site when the 1986 Challenger shuttle disaster occurred. In 2011, Zarrella covered the final flights of the Space Shuttle program. In 2020 he made an appearance in Challenger the Final Flight recounting covering the Challenger disaster.

## External links and references

* John Zarrella at CNN
* John Zarrella's website on web.archive.org
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