# Military production during World War II

Military production during World War II was the production or mobilization of arms, ammunition, personnel and financing by the belligerents of the war, from the occupation of Austria in early 1938 to the surrender and occupation of Japan in late 1945.
The mobilization of funds, people, natural resources and material for the production and supply of military equipment and military forces during World War II was a critical component of the war effort. During the conflict, the Allies outpaced the Axis powers in most production categories. Access to the funding and industrial resources necessary to sustain the war effort was linked to their respective economic and political alliances.

## Historical context

During the 1930s, political forces in Germany increased their financial investment in the military to develop the armed forces required to support near and long-term political and territorial goals. Germany's economic, scientific, research, and industrial capabilities were one of the most technically advanced in the world at the time, supporting a rapidly growing, innovative military. However, access to (and control of) the resources and production capacity required to entertain long-term goals (such as European control, German territorial expansion and the destruction of the USSR) were limited. Political demands necessitated the expansion of Germany's control of natural and human resources, industrial capacity and farmland beyond its borders. Germany's military production was tied to resources outside its area of control, a great disadvantage as compared to the Allies.
In 1938 Britain was the world's superpower, with political and economic control of a quarter of the world's population, industry and resources, and closely allied with the independent Dominion nations (such as Canada and South Africa). From 1938 to mid-1942, the British coordinated the Allied effort in all global theatres. They fought the German, Italian, Japanese and Vichy armies, air forces and navies across Europe, Africa, Asia, the Middle East, India, the Mediterranean and in the Atlantic, Indian, Pacific and Arctic Oceans. British forces destroyed Italian armies in North and East Africa, and occupied or enlisted overseas colonies of occupied European nations. Following engagements with Axis forces, British Empire troops occupied Libya, Italian Somaliland, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Iran and Iraq. The Empire funded and delivered supplies by Arctic convoys to the USSR, and supported Free French forces to recapture French Equatorial Africa. Britain also established governments in exile in London to rally support in occupied Europe for the Allied effort. The British held back or slowed the Axis powers for three years while mobilising their globally integrated economy and industrial infrastructure to build what became, by 1942, the most extensive military apparatus of the war. This allowed their later allies (such as the United States) to mobilise their economies and develop the military forces required to play a role in the war effort, and for the British to go on the offensive in its theatres of operation.
The entry of the United States into the war in late 1941 injected financial, human and industrial resources into Allied operations. The US produced more than its own military forces required and armed itself and its allies for the most industrialized war in history. At the beginning of the war, the British and French placed large orders for aircraft with American manufacturers and the US Congress approved plans to increase its air forces by 3,000 planes. In May 1940, Franklin D. Roosevelt called for the production of 185,000 aeroplanes, 120,000 tanks, 55,000 anti-aircraft guns and 18 million tons of merchant shipping in two years. Adolf Hitler was told by his advisors that this was American propaganda; in 1939, annual aircraft production for the US military was less than 3,000 planes. By the end of the war US factories had produced 300,000 planes, and by 1944 had produced two-thirds of the Allied military equipment used in the war — bringing military forces into play in North and South America, the Caribbean, the Atlantic, Western Europe and the Pacific.
The U.S. produced vast quantities of military equipment into late 1945, including nuclear weapons, and became the strongest, most technologically advanced military force in the world. In addition to out-producing the Axis, the Allies produced technological innovations; through the Tizard Mission, British contributions included radar (instrumental in winning the Battle of Britain), sonar (improving their ability to sink U-boats), and the proximity fuze; the Americans led the British-originated Manhattan Project (which eliminated the need to invade Japan). The proximity fuze, for example, was five times as effective as contact or timed fuzes and was devastating in naval use against Japanese aircraft and so effective against German ground troops that General George S. Patton said it "won the Battle of the Bulge for us."
The human and social costs of the war on the population of the USSR were immense, with combat deaths alone in the millions. Recognising the importance of their population and industrial production to the war effort, the USSR evacuated the majority of its European territory—moving 2,500 factories, 17 million people and great quantities of resources to the east. Out of German reach, the USSR produced equipment and forces critical to their victory in Europe. Over one million women served in the Soviet armed forces.
The statistics below illustrate the extent to which the Allies outproduced the Axis. Production of machine tools tripled, and thousands of ships were built in shipyards which did not exist before the war. According to William S. Knudsen, "We won because we smothered the enemy in an avalanche of production, the like of which he had never seen, nor dreamed possible."
Access to resources and to large, controlled international labour pools, and the ability to build arms in relative peace, were critical to the eventual victory of the Allies. Donald Douglas (founder of the Douglas Aircraft Company) declared, "Here's proof that free men can out-produce slaves."

## Production summaries, 1939–1945
### Personnel, thousands

| Service | Allies | Axis |
| Combat | 25,000 | |
| Auxiliary force | 15,000 | |
| Merchant marine | 50,000 | |
| Irregulars | 90,000 | |
| Total | 180,000 | 30,000 |

### Major weapons groups

| System | Allies | Axis |
| Tanks, self-propelled artillery, vehicles | 4,358,650 | 670,288 |
| Artillery, mortars, guns | 6,792,696 | 1,363,490 |
| Aircraft | 637,249 | 300,000 |
| Missiles | (only for test) | 45,558 |
| Ships | 54,931 | 1,670 |

### Economy

In thousands of international dollars, at 2014 prices.
| Service | Allies | Axis |
| GDP | 97,707,908,723.20 | 10,268,201,776.37 |
| Expenditure | | |

### Vital commerce and raw materials, tons

| Category | Allies | Axis |
| Cargo ships | 47,169 | 12,762 |
| Merchant shipping | 46,817,172 | 5,621,967 |
| Coal | 4,581,400,000 | 2,629,900,000 |
| Crude oil | 1,043,000,000 | 66,000,000 |
| Steel | 733,006,633 | x |
| Aluminium | 5,104,697 | 1,199,150 |
| Asbestos | 3,934,043 | x |
* Cargo and resources in metric tonnes

## Production overview: service, power and type
### Land forces

| Power | Tanks & SPGs | Armoured vehicles | Other vehicles | Artillery | Mortars | Machine guns | Personnel |
| British Empire | 47,862 | 47,420 | 1,475,521 | 226,113 | 239,540 | 1,090,410 | 17,192,533 |
| USA and territories | 108,410 | | 2,382,311 | 257,390 | 105,055 | 2,679,840 | 16,000,000 |
| USSR | 119,769 | | 265,000 | 516,648 | 363,012 | 1,477,400 | 34,401,807 |
| Other | | | | | | | |
| Allies | 270,041 | 47,420 | 4,054,932 | 1,000,151 | 707,607 | 5,247,650 | 67,594,000 |
| Germany and territories | 67,429 | 49,777 | 159,147 | 73,484 | 104,864 | 1,000,730 | 14,540,835 |
| Hungary | 973 | 530 | 5,224 | 447 | 2,700 | 4,583 | 730,000 |
| Romania | 214 | 251 | 4,300 | 1,800 | 4,300 | 10,000 | 1,220,000 |
| Italian Empire | 3,368 | 1,240 | 83,000 | 7,200 | 22,000 | 140,000 | 4,300,000 |
| Japanese Empire | 4,524 | 2,200 | 165,945 | 13,350 | 49,000 | 380,000 | 8,100,000 |
| Other | | | | | | | |
| Axis | 76,385 | 50,028 | 413,316 | 97,281 | 182,864 | 1,395,313 | 28,890,800 |

### Air forces

| Power | Total Aircraft | Fighters | Attack | Bombers | Recon | Transport | Training | Other | Personnel |
| British Empire | 177,025 | 38,786 | 33,811 | 38,158 | 7,014 | 12,585 | 46,256 | 415 | 1,927,395 |
| USA and territories | 295,959 | 99,465 | | 96,872 | 4,106 | 23,900 | 58,085 | 13,531 | 2,403,806 |
| USSR | 136,223 | 22,301 | 37,549 | 21,116 | | 17,332 | 4,061 | 33,864 | |
| Other | | | | | | | | | |
| Allies | 609,207 | 160,552 | 71,360 | 156,146 | 11,120 | 53,817 | 108,402 | 47,810 | |
| Germany and territories | 133,387 | 57,653 | 8,991 | 28,577 | 5,025 | 8,396 | 14,311 | 11,361 | 3,402,200 |
| Romania | 1,113 | 513 | 272 | 128 | 0 | 200 | 0 | 0 | |
| Italian Empire | 13,402 | 9,157 | 34 | 3,381 | 388 | 2,471 | 968 | 3 | |
| Japanese Empire | 64,484 | 33,405 | 9,558 | 11,943 | 3,709 | 1,073 | 3,420 | 1,376 | |
| Other | 9,849 | 881 | 4 | 395 | 318 | 1,880 | 5,145 | 57 | |
| Axis | 222,235 | 98,609 | 18,859 | 44,424 | 11,002 | 14,020 | 22,944 | 12,794 | |

### Naval forces

| Power | Total large ships | Carriers (Escort Carriers) | Battleships | Cruisers | Destroyers | Frigates & Destroyer Escorts | Other large vessels | Corvettes | Sloops | Patrol boats | Submarines (includes midget submarines) | De/ Mining | Landing craft | Personnel |
| British Empire | 558 | 15 (29) | 5 | 35 | 202 | 270 | 2 | 338 | 33 | 4,209 | 238 | 1,244 | 9,538 | 1,227,415 |
| USA and territories | 2020 | 29 (121) | 10 | 52 | 396 | 1014 | 398 | | | 773 | 234 | | 35,000 | 4,000,000 |
| USSR | 63 | | 0 | 6 | 54 | | 3 | | | | 68 | | | |
| France | 9 | | 2 | | 7 | | | | | | | | | |
| Other | 8 | (2) | | 2 | 4 | | | | 1 | | 9 | 1 | | |
| Allies | 2658 | 44(152) | 17 | 95 | 663 | 1284 | 403 | 338 | 34 | 4,982 | 577 | 1,245 | 44,538 | |
| Germany & territories | 38 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 31 | | | | | | 1,119 | | 540 | 1,500,000 |
| Italian Empire | 82 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 17 | 59 | | | | | 83 | | | |
| Japanese Empire | 278 | 14(6) | 2 | 12 | 63 | 175 | 6 | | | | 867 | | | |
| Romania | | | | | | | | | | 8 | 2 | 5 | | |
| Other | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Axis | 398 | 14(6) | 9 | 18 | 111 | 234 | 6 | | | | 2,069 | | | |

### Munitions

Munitions Production in World War II (Expenditures in billions of dollars, US 1944 munitions prices) :
| Country/Alliance | Year | Year | Year | Year | Year | Year | Year |
| Country/Alliance | Average 1935-39 | 1940 | 1941 | 1942 | 1943 | 1944 | Total 1939–44 |
| U.S.A. | 0.3 | 1.5 | 4.5 | 20.0 | 38.0 | 42.0 | 106.3 |
| Britain | 0.5 | 3.5 | 6.5 | 9.0 | 11.0 | 11.0 | 41.5 |
| U.S.S.R. | 1.6 | 5.0 | 8.5 | 11.5 | 14.0 | 16.0 | 56.6 |
| Allies Total | 2.4 | 10.0 | 20.0 | 41.5 | 64.5 | 70.5 | 204.4 |
| Germany | 2.4 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 8.5 | 13.5 | 17.0 | 53.4 |
| Japan | 0.4 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 4.5 | 6.0 | 16.9 |
| Axis Total | 2.8 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 11.5 | 18.0 | 23.0 | 70.3 |

### Commercial forces

| | British Empire | USA | Italy | Japan |
| Harbour craft | 1,092 | | | |
| Cargo | 1,361 | | | |
| Cargo tonnage | 12,823,942 | 33,993,230 | 1,469,606 | 4,152,361 |

### Resources

| Country | Coal | Iron ore | Crude oil | Steel | Aluminium | Nickel | Zinc |
| !a | -9999 | -9999 | -9999 |
| USA | 2,149.7 | 396.9 | 833.2 | | | | |
| Britain | 1,441.2 | 119.2 | 90.8 | 3.700 | 0.205 | | |
| Australia | 83.1 | | | | | | 1.56 |
| India | 196.7 | 6.0 | | 1.12 | | | |
| Canada | 101.9 | 3.6 | 8.4 | 16.4 | 3.500 | | |
| New Zealand | 18 | 1.0 | | | | | |
| USSR | 590.8 | 71.3 | 110.6 | | 0.263 | 0.069 | 0.384 |
| Total Allied | 4581.4 | 597 | 1043 | | | | |
| Germany | 2,420.3 | 240.7 | 33.4 | | 1.9 | 0.046 | 2.1 |
| Japan | 184.5 | 21.0 | 5.2 | | | | |
| Italy | 16.9 | 4.4 | 2.3 | | | | |
| Hungary | 6.6 | 14.1 | 3.1 | | | | |
| Romania | 1.6 | 10.8 | 25.0 | | | | |
| Total Axis | 2629.9 | 291 | | | | | |
| ~z | 99999999 | 99999999 | 99999999 |
All figures in millions of tonnes

## Gross domestic product

Gross domestic product (GDP) provides insight into the relative strength of the belligerents in the run up to, and during the conflict.
Gross domestic product :
| Country | 1938 | 1939 | 1940 | 1941 | 1942 | 1943 | 1944 | 1945 |
| United Kingdom | 284 | 287 | 316 | 344 | 353 | 361 | 346 | 331 |
| Dominions | 115 | | | | | | | |
| Colonies | 285 | | | | | | | |
| British Empire | 684 | 687 | 716 | 744 | 753 | 761 | 746 | 731 |
| France | 186 | 199 | 82 | 130 | 116 | 110 | 93 | 101 |
| Colonies | 49 | | | | | | | |
| French Empire | 235 | 248 | 131 | 179 | 165 | 159 | 142 | 150 |
| Soviet Union | 359 | 366 | 417 | 359 | 274 | 305 | 362 | 343 |
| Occupied | | | | | | | | |
| Soviet Union Total | 359 | 366 | 417 | 359 | 274 | 305 | 362 | 343 |
| United States | 800 | 869 | 943 | 1094 | 1235 | 1399 | 1499 | 1474 |
| Colonies | 24 | | | | | | | |
| United States Total | 824 | 893 | 968 | 1118 | 1259 | 1423 | 1523 | 1498 |
| Nationalist China | 320.5 | | | | | | | |
| German Reich | 351 | 384 | 387 | 412 | 417 | 426 | 437 | 310 |
| Occupied | | 77 | 430 | 733 | 733 | 430 | 244 | |
| German Reich Total | 351 | 461 | 817 | 1145 | 1150 | 856 | 681 | 310 |
| Italy | 141 | 151 | 147 | 144 | 145 | 137 | 117 | 92 |
| Colonies | 3 | | | | | | | |
| Occupied | | | 20 | 20 | 20 | 20 | | |
| Italian Empire | 144 | 154 | 170 | 167 | 168 | 160 | 140 | 115 |
| Japan | 169 | 184 | 192 | 196 | 197 | 194 | 189 | 144 |
| Colonies | 63 | | | | | | | |
| Occupied | | | | | | | | |
| Japanese Empire | 232 | 247 | 255 | 259 | 260 | 257 | 252 | 207 |
| Romania | 24 | | | | | | | |
| Hungary | 24 | | | | | | | |
| Bulgaria | 10 | | | | | | | |
| Albania | 1 | | | | | | | |
Romanian, Hungarian, Bulgarian and Albanian GDP calculated by multiplying the GDP per capita of the four countries in 1938 ($1,242 for Romania, $2,655 for Hungary, $1,595 for Bulgaria and over $900 for Albania) by their estimated populations in 1938: 19,750,000 for Romania, 9,082,400 for Hungary, 6,380,000 for Bulgaria and 1,040,400 for Albania.
* ↑ Billions of international dollars, at 1990 prices. Adjusted annually for changing compositions within each alliance.
Table notes
* France to Axis: 1940:50% (light green), 1941–44:100% (brown)
* USSR to Allies: 1941:44% (light green), 1942–1945:100%.
* US direct support to the Allies begins with Lend Lease in March 1941, though the US made it possible for the Allies to purchase US-produced materiel from 1939
* Italy to Allies and Axis: 1938:0%, 1939–1943:100% Axis (brown), 1944-1945:100% Allies
* Japanese to Axis begins with Tripartite Pact in 1940
* The Allied and Axis totals are not the immediate sum of the table values; see the distribution rules used above.

## United States World War II GDP (compared to other countries)
### GDP during World War II

* Debt and higher taxes led to GDP growth percentages over 17%. This trend continued throughout the war and stopped increasing after the war ended. For the United States, government spending was used as a positive indicator of GDP growth. However the high rates of government only was beneficial for a short period of time, a trend that can be seen in most wars.
* In 1939, Britain spent 9% of its GDP on defence; this rose drastically after the start of World War II to around 40%. By the year 1945 government spending had peaked at 52% of the national GDP.
* Before joining World War II US government spending in 1941 represented 30% of GDP, or about $408 billion. In 1944 at the peak of World War II, government spending had risen to over $1.6 trillion about 79% of the GDP. During this three-year period the total GDP represented by government spending rose 294%.

### US unemployment during World War II

* During World War II unemployment by 1945 had fallen to 1.9% from 14.6% in 1940. 20% of the population during the war was employed within the armed forces.
* The beginning years of World War II shows a spike in employment, but towards the end of the war decreased significantly. The employment spike was in relation to the tremendous amount of production the United States was making. Examples of high numbers of employment could have been seen in at Gulf Shipbuilding which obtained 240 employees at the beginning of 1940 and increased to 11,600 employees in 1943. Alabama Dry dock also was an exemplary business in employment that raised number from 1,000 workers to 30,000 in the most productive years of the war. Demographics of employment consisted of eight million women including African Americans and Latinas, adding to the 24 million that searched for defensive jobs outside of the war.

### Price of war

Many concerns and political influence come from the price of war. While GDP can easily increase federal expenditures, it also can influence political elections and government decision making. No matter how much percentages of GDP increase or decrease we need higher amounts of GDP in order to pay for more investments, one of those investments being more wars. To pay for these wars, taxes are held at a very high rate. For example, by the end of World War II tax rates went from 1.5% to 15%. Along with tax percentages reaching high amounts, spending on non-defense programs were cut in half during the period of World War II. Tax cuts allow one to see GDP in effect for the average American. Still, almost ten years after World War II, in 1950 and 1951 congress raised taxes close to 4% in order to pay for the Korean War. After the Korean War, in 1968 taxes again were raised 10% to pay for the Vietnam War. This caused GDP to increase 1%. Although research can support positive relationship between production and jobs with GDP, research can also show the negative relationship with tax increases and GDP.

#### US wartime production

Prior to the Second World War, the United States was cautious with regard to its manufacturing capabilities as the country was still recovering from the Great Depression. However, during the war, President Franklin D. Roosevelt set ambitious production goals to fulfill. The early 1940s were set to have 60,000 aircraft increasing to 125,000 in 1943. In addition, targets for the production of 120,000 tanks and 55,000 aircraft were set during the same time period. The Ford Motor Company in Michigan built one motor car (comprising 15,000 parts) on the assembly lines every 69 seconds. Ford's production contributed to America's total production of vehicles totalling three million in 1941. American production numbers caused the US employed workforce to increase massively. America's yearly production exceeded Japan's production building more planes in 1944 than Japan built in all the war years combined. As a result, half of the world's war production came from America. The government paid for this production using techniques of selling war bonds to financial institutions, rationing household items and raising taxes.
One part of the US wartime manufacturing boom can be ascribed to Alcoa's second major reduction plant in Mobile, Alabama starting in 1937. At first serving mainly the Japanese market, the plant prepared thousands of tons of aluminum for the production of aeroplanes during the war. The United States quickly adjusted to the levels of production required to equip its military with the millions of war products used during World War II.

### Personnel – Allied – Britain, dominions and possessions

Including all non-British subjects in British services.
| | Army | Army (female) | Navy | Navy (female) | Marines | Air Force | Air Force (female) | Auxiliary | Merchant marine | Partisans | Total combat | Other labour |
| Aden | | | | | | | | | | | 1,200 | |
| Australia | 727,703 | 24,026 | 36,976 | 3,000 | | 124,007 | 27,000 | | 4,500 | | 942,712 | |
| Argentine volunteers | 1,700 | | 1,700 | | | 600 | | | | | 4,000 | |
| Basutoland/Bechuana/Swaziland | 10,000 | | | | | | | | | | 36,000 | |
| Free Belgian Forces | 42,300 | | 1,200 | | | 1,900 | | | | | 45,770 | 370 |
| Britain | 3,300,000 | 210,309 | 865,000 | 74,000 | 78,500 | 1,208,000 | 181,909 | 1,500,000 | 185,000 | | 7,602,718 | |
| B. Indian Ocean | 6,500 | | | | | | | | | | 6,500 | |
| Canada | 705,374 | 25,251 | 99,822 | 7,100 | | 222,501 | 27,123 | 82,163 | 18,000 | | 1,187,334 | |
| Caribbean / Bermuda | | | | | | | | | | | 10,000 | |
| Ceylon | | | | | | | | | | | 26,000 | |
| Chinese volunteers | | | | | | | | | 10,000 | | 10,000 | |
| Cyprus | 30,000 | | | | | | | | | | 30,000 | |
| Czech volunteers | 4,000 | | | | | 2,000 | | | | | 6,000 | |
| East Africa | 200,000 | | | | | | | | | | 228,000 | |
| Egypt | 100,000 | | | | | | | | | | 100,000 | |
| Falklands | | | | | | | | | | | 200 | |
| Fiji | 7,000 | | | | | | | 1,071 | | | 7,000 | |
| Free French Forces | | | 3,700 | | | 20 | | | | | 3,720 | |
| Free Greek | 5,000 | | 8,500 | | | 250 | | | | | 14,000 | |
| Gibraltar | | | | | | | | | | | 700 | |
| Guiana, British | 32 | 10 | 42 | | | 33 | | 48 | | | 196 | 31 |
| Hong Kong | 2,200 | | | | | | | | | | 2,200 | |
| India | 2,500,000 | 11,000 | 45,947 | | | 30,000 | | | 50,000 | | 2,586,957 | 14,000,000 |
| Ireland | 70,000 | | | | | | | | | | 70,000 | |
| Lesotho | 21,000 | | | | | | | | | | 21,000 | |
| Free Luxembourg | 80 | | | | | | | | | | 80 | |
| Malaysia | 1,500 | | 1,450 | | | | | 3,215 | | 4,800 | 10,965 | |
| Malta | | | | | | | | | | | 8,200 | |
| Mauritius | | | | | | | | 6,800 | | | 3,500 | |
| Nepal | 250,280 | | | | | | | | | | 250,280 | |
| Free Dutch | 4,000 | 1,000 | | | | 1000 | | | 12.000 | | 6,000 | |
| South Africa | | | | | | | | | | | ? | |
| Total | 7,988,669 | 271,596 | 1,064,337 | 84,100 | 78,500 | 1,590,311 | 236,032 | 1,593,297 | 267,512 | 4,800 | 13,221,232 | 14,000,401 |
Note:
* Auxiliary units include Home Guard, Reserves, Police regiments, etc.

### Personnel – Axis – German Reich

This includes all German and non-German subjects serving within German Reich forces.
| | Army | Navy | Air force | Auxiliary | Total combat | Other labour |
| Albania | 9,000 | | | | 9,000 | |
| Arab legion | 20,000 | | | | 20,000 | |
| Belgium | 22,000 | | | | 22,000 | |
| Bulgaria | 30,000 | | | | 90,000 | |
| Croatia | 55,500 | 500 | 400 | 32,000 | 88,400 | |
| Czech | 6,465 | | | | 6,465 | |
| Denmark | 12,000 | | | | 12,000 | |
| Finland vol | 2,500 | | | | 2,500 | |
| France & territories | 8,000 | 4,500 | | 5,080 | 17,580 | 348,500 |
| Germany & territories | 14,793,200 | 1,500,000 | 3,400,000 | | 19,693,200 | |
| Greece | | | | 22,000 | 22,000 | |
| Hungary | 40,000 | | | | 40,000 | |
| Italy | 18,000 | | | | 18,000 | |
| India | 4,500 | | | | 4,500 | |
| Luxembourg | 12,035 | | | | 12,035 | |
| Netherlands | 45,000 | | | | 45,000 | |
| Norway | 5,000 | 1,500 | 1,500 | | 4,500 | |
| Poland | 75,000 | | | 45,000 | 120,000 | |
| Portugal | 200 | | | | 200 | |
| Romania | 55,000 | | | | 55,000 | |
| Serbia | 10,000 | | | | 10,000 | |
| Slovakia | 45,000 | | | | 45,000 | |
| Slovenia | 6,000 | | | | 6,000 | |
| Spain | 47,000 | | | | 47,000 | |
| Sweden | 300 | | | | 300 | |
| Switzerland | 800 | | | | 800 | |
| USSR | 1,051,000 | | 300 | 100,000 | 1,151,300 | |
| Total | 16,336,755 | 1,506,500 | 3,402,200 | 204,080 | 21,582,300 | 348,000 |
Note:
* Auxiliary units include Home Guard, Wehrmachtsgefolge, Reserves, Police regiments, etc.
* USSR includes Armenia 4k SS, 14k Wehr, 7k Aux; Azerbaijan 55k SS, 70k Wehr; Belarus 12k Wehr, 20k Aux; Cossack 200k Wehr; Estonia 20k SS, 50k Wehr, 7k Aux; Georgia 10k SS; 30k Wehr; Kalmyk 5k Wehr; Latvia 55k SS; 87k Wehr, 300 Air, 23k Aux; Lithuania 50k Wehr, 10 Aux; North Caucuses 4k SS; Russia 60k SS, 26k Wehr; Turkestan 16k Wehr; Ukrainian 300k Wehr; 2k Aux; Tatar/Urals 12k Wehr

### Aircraft – Allied – British Empire

Within the UK, initially aircraft production was very vulnerable to enemy bombing. To expand and diversify the production base the British set up shadow factories. These brought other manufacturing companies – such as vehicle manufacturers – into aircraft production, or aircraft parts production. These inexperienced companies were set up in groups under the guidance or control of the aircraft manufacturers. New factory buildings were provided with government money.
| Fighters | Australia | Britain | Canada | India | New Zealand | South Africa | Total |
| Blackburn Roc (naval) | | 136 | | | | | 136 |
| Boulton Paul Defiant | | 1,065 | | | | | 1065 |
| CAC Boomerang | 250 | | | | | | 250 |
| CAC Mustang | 200 | | | | | | 200 |
| de Havilland Hornet | | 60 | | | | | 60 |
| de Havilland Vampire | | 244 | | | | | 244 |
| Fairey Firefly (naval) | | 872 | | | | | 872 |
| Fairey Fulmar (naval) | | 600 | | | | | 600 |
| Gloster Gladiator | | 98 | | | | | 98 |
| Gloster Meteor | | 239 | | | | | 239 |
| Hawker Hurricane | | 14,231 | 1,451 | | | | 15,682 |
| Hawker Tempest | | 1,702 | | | | | 1,702 |
| Hawker Typhoon | | 3,330 | | | | | 3,330 |
| Supermarine Seafire (naval) | | 2,334 | | | | | 2,334 |
| Supermarine Spitfire | | 20,351 | | | | | 20,351 |
| Westland Whirlwind | | 116 | | | | | 116 |
| Total Fighters | 450 | 50,897 | 2,077 | | | | 53,424 |
| Bombers | Australia | Britain | Canada | India | New Zealand | South Africa | |
| Armstrong Whitworth Whitley | | 1,780 | | | | | 1,780 |
| Avro Lancaster | | 7,307 | 430 | | | | 7,377 |
| Avro Lincoln | | 6 | 1 | | | | 6 |
| Avro Manchester | | 202 | | | | | 202 |
| Fairey Barracuda (naval) | | 2,607 | | | | | 2,607 |
| Blackburn Skua (naval) | | 192 | | | | | 192 |
| Bristol Beaufighter | 364 | 5,564 | | | | | 5,928 |
| Bristol Beaufort | 700 | 1,429 | | | | | 2,129 |
| Bristol Blenheim | | 5,519 | 626 | | | | 6,145 |
| Bristol Buckingham | | 119 | | | | | 119 |
| de Havilland Mosquito | 212 | 6,199 | 1,134 | | | | 7,545 |
| Fairchild SBF & CCF SBW Helldiver | | | 1,134 | | | | 1,134 |
| Fairey Albacore (naval) | | 800 | | | | | 800 |
| Fairey Swordfish (naval) | | 2,396 | | | | | 2,396 |
| Handley Page Halifax | | 6,178 | | | | | 6,178 |
| Handley Page Hampden | | 152 | 160 | | | | 312 |
| Short Stirling | | 2,383 | | | | | 2,383 |
| Vickers Wellington | | 11,461 | | | | | 11,461 |
| Total Bombers | 1,349 | 44,391 | 3,019 | | | | 54,577 |
| Reconnaissance & patrol | Australia | Britain | Canada | India | New Zealand | South Africa | |
| Bristol Bolingbroke | | | 676 | | | | 626 |
| Bristol Bombay (bomber/transport) | | 51 | | | | | 51 |
| Blackburn Botha | | 580 | | | | | 580 |
| Blackburn Shark | | | 17 | | | | 17 |
| Consolidated Canso | | | 721 | | | | 993 |
| Piper Cub | | | 150 | | | | 150 |
| Saro Lerwick | | 21 | | | | | 21 |
| Supermarine Sea Otter | | 292 | | | | | 292 |
| Short Seaford | | 10 | | | | | 10 |
| Short Sunderland | | 767 | | | | | 767 |
| Supermarine Stranraer | | | 39 | | | | 39 |
| Supermarine Walrus | | 746 | | | | | 746 |
| Taylorcraft Auster | | 1,800 | | | | | 1,800 |
| Vickers Warwick | | 845 | | | | | 845 |
| Total reconnaissance | | 5,112 | 882 | | | | 6,937 |
| Transport | Australia | Britain | Canada | India | New Zealand | South Africa | |
| Airspeed Horsa | | 5,000 | | | | | 5,000 |
| Armstrong Whitworth Albemarle | | 602 | | | | | 602 |
| Armstrong Whitworth Whitley | | 1,814 | | | | | 1,814 |
| Avro Lancastrian | | 82 | 6 | | | | 82 |
| Avro York | | 259 | 1 | | | | 259 |
| CAC Gliders | 8 | | | | | | 8 |
| De Havilland Australia DHA-G1/G2 | 8 | | | | | | 8 |
| de Havilland Dragon Dominie | | 474 | | | | | 474 |
| de Havilland Flamingo | | 14 | | | | | 14 |
| General Aircraft Hamilcar (glider) | | 412 | | | | | 412 |
| General Aircraft Hotspur (glider) | | 1,015 | | | | | 1,015 |
| Miles Messenger | | 93 | | | | | 93 |
| Miles Monitor | | 22 | | | | | 22 |
| Noorduyn Norseman | | | 861 | | | | 861 |
| Northrop/Canadian-Vickers Delta | | | 19 | | | | 19 |
| Percival Petrel | | 7 | | | | | 7 |
| Short S.26 | | 3 | | | | | 3 |
| Slingsby Hengist (glider) | | 18 | | | | | 18 |
| Westland Lysander (air observation, liaison, target tug) | | 1,445 | 225 | | | | 1,670 |
| total Transports | 16 | 11,260 | 1,112 | | | | 12,381 |
| Trainers | Australia | Britain | Canada | India | New Zealand | South Africa | |
| Airspeed Oxford | | 8,586 | | | | | 8,586 |
| Avions Fairey Tipsy B | | 15 | | | | | 15 |
| Avro Anson | | 8,488 | 3,197 | | | | 11,685 |
| Bristol Buckmaster | | 112 | | | | | 112 |
| CAC Wackett | 202 | | | | | | 202 |
| CAC Wirraway | 755 | | | | | | 755 |
| de Havilland Don | | 30 | | | | | 30 |
| de Havilland Moth Minor | | 100 | | | | | 100 |
| de Havilland Tiger Moth | 1,080 | 5,738 | 1,748 | | 150 | | 8,716 |
| Fairchild Cornell (PT-19/26) | | | 1,642 | | | | 1,642 |
| Fairey Battle | | 2,201 | | | | | 2,201 |
| Fleet Finch | | | 606 | | | | 606 |
| Fleet Fort | | | 101 | | | | 101 |
| Hawker Henley | | 200 | | | | | 200 |
| Harlow PC-5 | | | 5 | 50 | | | 55 |
| Miles Magister | | 1,303 | | | | | 1,303 |
| Miles Martinet | | 1,724 | | | | | 1,724 |
| Miles Master | | 3,250 | | | | | 3,250 |
| Miles Mentor | | 45 | | | | | 45 |
| North American Harvard | | | 3,985 | | | | 3,985 |
| Percival Proctor | | 1,143 | | | | | 1,143 |
| Total Trainers | 2,037 | 32,935 | 11,284 | 50 | 150 | | 46,456 |
| Other | Australia | Britain | Canada | India | New Zealand | South Africa | Empire |
| Prototypes | 2 | 61 | 1 | | | | |
| Other | | 78 | 2 | | | | |
| Total other | 2 | 139 | 3 | | | | 144 |
| Grand Total | 3,854 | 144,734 | 18,377 | 50 | 150 | 0 | 173,759 |

### Aircraft – Allies – France, Poland and minor powers

Production numbers until the time of the German occupation of the respective country. Some types listed were in production before the war, those listed were still in production at the time of or after the Munich crisis.
Allied aircraft production :
| Fighters | Belgium | Czechoslovakia | Denmark | France | Netherlands | Poland | Yugoslavia | Total |
| Avia B.534-IV/Bk.534 | | 274 | | | | | | |
| Caudron CR.714 | | | | 90 | | | | |
| Dewoitine D.520 | | | | 403 | | | | |
| Fokker D.XXI | | | 10 | | 110 | | | 120 |
| Koolhoven F.K.58 | | | | | 20 | | | |
| Avions Fairey Fox VI/VII | 106 | | | | | | | |
| Fokker G.I | | | | | 63 | | | |
| Hawker Hurricane I | 15 | | | | | | 20 | |
| Ikarus IK-2 | | | | | | | 12 | |
| Rogozarski IK-3 | | | | | | | 12 | |
| Bloch MB.151/152 | | | | 636 | | | | |
| Morane-Saulnier MS.406 | | | | 1,077 | | | | |
| Potez 630/631 | | | | 280 | | | | |
| PZL.50 Jastrząb | | | | | | (6) | | |
| PZL P.24 | | | | | | 118 | | |
| Arsenal VG.33/36/39 | | | | 40 | | | | |
| Total | 121 | 274 | 10 | 2,526 | 193 | 119 (+5) | 44 | 3,287 |
| Attack | Belgium | Czechoslovakia | Denmark | France | Netherlands | Poland | Yugoslavia | Total |
| Breguet Br.690 | | | | 230 | | | | |
| Latécoère 298 (naval torpedo bomber/dive bomber) | | | | 121 | | | | |
| Loire-Nieuport LN.40 | | | | 68 | | | | |
| Fairey P.4/34 | | | (12) | | | | | |
| Rogožarski PVT | | | | | | | 61 | |
| Total | | | (12) | 419 | | | 61 | 480 |
| Bombers | Belgium | Czechoslovakia | Denmark | France | Netherlands | Poland | Yugoslavia | Total |
| Aero A.101 | | 64 | | | | | | |
| Aero A.304 | | 19 | | | | | | |
| Amiot 351/354 | | | | 80 | | | | |
| Avia B-71 | | 61 | | | | | | |
| Fairey Battle I | 18 | | | | | | | |
| Fokker C.X/Fokker C.XI | | | | | 53 | | | |
| Dornier Do 17K | | | | | | | 70 | |
| Farman F.222.2/F.223 | | | | 25 | | | | |
| LeO 45 | | | | 452 | | | | |
| LWS-6 Żubr | | | | | | 17 | | |
| Bloch MB.131 | | | | 143 | | | | |
| Bloch MB.174/175 | | | | 79 | | | | |
| Bloch MB.210 | | | | 298 | | | | |
| Potez 633 | | | | 55 | | | | |
| PZL.37 | | | | | | 120 | | |
| PZL.43 | | | | | | 54 | | |
| PZL.46 | | | | | | 2 | | |
| Rogožarski SIM-XIV-H | | | | | | | 19 | |
| Fokker T.V | | | | | 16 | | | |
| Fokker T.VIII | | | | | 36 | | | |
| Total | 18 | 144 | | 1,132 | 105 | 193 | 89 | 1,681 |

### Aircraft - Axis - All

Occupied countries produced weapons for the Axis powers. Figures are for the period of occupation only.
Axis aircraft production :
| Fighters | Belgium | Bulgaria | Czech | Netherlands | Finland | France | Germany | Hungary | Italy | Japan | Poland | Romania | Yugoslavia | Total |
| Mitsubishi A6M Zero | | | | | | | | | | 10,939 | | | | |
| Nakajima A6M2-N | | | | | | | | | | 327 | | | | |
| Arado Ar 240 | | | | | | | 14 | | | | | | | |
| Avia B-135 | | | 12 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Avia B-534 | | | 78 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Bachem Ba 349 | | | | | | | 36 | | | | | | | |
| Messerschmitt Bf 109 | | | | | | | 33,142 | 309 | | | | | | 33,984 |
| Messerschmitt Bf 110 | | | | | | | 6,170 | | | | | | | 6,170 |
| Macchi C.200/Macchi C.202/Macchi C.205 | | | | | | | | | 2,766 | | | | | |
| Fiat CR.25 | | | | | | | | | 12 | | | | | |
| Fiat CR.42 | | | | | | | | | 1,782 | | | | | |
| Dewoitine D.520 | | | | | | 440 | | | | | | | | |
| Dornier Do 17Z-7/Z-10 | | | | | | | 12 | | | | | | | |
| Dornier Do 335 | | | | | | | 37 | | | | | | | |
| Caproni Vizzola F.5 | | | | | | | | | 14 | | | | | |
| Koolhoven F.K.52 | | | | 6 | | | | | | | | | | |
| Focke-Wulf Fw 190 | | | | | | | 20,000 | | | | | | | |
| Fiat G.50 Freccia | | | | | | | | | 666 | | | | | |
| Fiat G.55 Centauro | | | | | | | | | 305 | | | | | |
| Heinkel He 100 | | | | | | | 25 | | | | | | | |
| Heinkel He 112 | | | | | | | 60 | | | | | | | |
| Heinkel He 162 | | | | | | | 320 | | | | | | | |
| Heinkel He 219 | | | | | | | 300 | | | | | | | |
| IAR 80 | | | | | | | | | | | | 346 | | |
| Nakajima J1N | | | | | | | | | | 479 | | | | |
| Mitsubishi J2M | | | | | | | | | | 621 | | | | |
| Kawasaki Ki-10 | | | | | | | | | | 283 | | | | |
| Nakajima Ki-27 | | | | | | | | | | 3,399 | | | | |
| Nakajima Ki-43 | | | | | | | | | | 5,919 | | | | |
| Nakajima Ki-44 | | | | | | | | | | 1,227 | | | | |
| Kawasaki Ki-45 | | | | | | | | | | 1,701 | | | | |
| Kawasaki Ki-61 | | | | | | | | | | 3,159 | | | | |
| Nakajima Ki-84 | | | | | | | | | | 3,514 | | | | |
| Kawasaki Ki-100 | | | | | | | | | | 395 | | | | |
| Bloch MB.150 | | | | | | 35 | | | | | | | | |
| Messerschmitt Me 163 /Mitsubishi J8M | | | | | | | 370 | | | 7 | | | | 377 |
| Messerschmitt Me 262 | | | | | | | 1,433 | | | | | | | |
| Mörkö-Morane | | | | | 41 | | | | | | | | |
| Morane-Saulnier MS.410 | | | | | | 74 | | | | | | | | |
| Kawanishi N1K | | | | | | | | | | 1,435 | | | | |
| PZL P.24 | | | | | | | | | | | 25 | 25 | | 50 |
| Reggiane Re.2000, 2001, 2002 & 2005 | | | | | | | | 204 | 531 | | | | | 735 |
| IMAM Ro.44 | | | | | | | | | 35 | | | | | |
| IMAM Ro.57 | | | | | | | | | 75 | | | | | |
| Ambrosini SAI.207 | | | | | | | | | 14 | | | | | |
| Focke-Wulf Ta 152 & Focke-Wulf Ta 154 | | | | | | | 200 | | | | | | | these are unrelated types. |
| VL Myrsky | | | | | 51 | | | | | | | | | |
| VL Pyry | | | | | 41 | | | | | | | | | |
| Total | | | 90 | 6 | 133 | 549 | 62,116 | 513 | 6,200 | 33,405 | 25 | 371 | | 96,551 |
| Attack | Belgium | Bulgaria | Czech | Netherlands | Finland | France | Germany | Hungary | Italy | Japan | Poland | Romania | Yugoslavia | |
| Nakajima B5N | | | | | | | | | | 1,149 | | | | |
| Nakajima B6N | | | | | | | | | | 1,268 | | | | |
| Aichi B7A | | | | | | | | | | 114 | | | | |
| Breda Ba.65 | | | | | | | | | 218 | | | | | |
| Breda Ba.88 | | | | | | | | | 149 | | | | | |
| Aichi D3A | | | | | | | | | | 1,486 | | | | |
| Yokosuka D4Y | | | | | | | | | | 2,038 | | | | |
| CANSA FC.12 | | | | | | | | | 11 | | | | | |
| CANSA FC.20 | | | | | | | | | 6 | | | | | |
| Heinkel He 115 | | | | | | | 138 | | | | | | | |
| Heinkel He 118 | | | | | | | 15 | | | | | | | |
| Henschel Hs 123 | | | | | | | 250 | | | | | | | |
| Henschel Hs 129 | | | | | | | 865 | | | | | | | |
| Junkers Ju 87 Stuka | | | | | | | 6,500 | | | | | | | |
| Mitsubishi Ki-51 | | | | | | | | | | 2,385 | | | | |
| Kawasaki Ki-102 | | | | | | | | | | 238 | | | | |
| Aichi M6A | | | | | | | | | | 28 | | | | |
| Messerschmitt Me 210 | | | | | | | 400 | 272 | | | | | | 672 |
| Messerschmitt Me 410 | | | | | | | 1,189 | | | | | | | |
| Yokosuka MXY7 | | | | | | | | | | 852 | | | | |
| Fiat RS.14 | | | | | | | | | 188 | | | | | |
| Savoia-Marchetti SM.85 | | | | | | | | | 34 | | | | | |
| Total | | | | | | | 9,092 | 272 | 606 | 9,558 | | | | 30,903 |
| Bombers | Belgium | Bulgaria | Czech | Netherlands | Finland | France | Germany | Hungary | Italy | Japan | Poland | Romania | Yugoslavia | |
| Aero A.304 | | | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Arado Ar 234 | | | | | | | 210 | | | | | | | |
| Bloch MB.174/175 | | | | | | 38 | | | | | | | |
| Fiat BR.20 Cicogna | | | | | | | | | 602 | | | | | |
| Caproni Ca.135 | | | | | | | | | 140 | | | | | |
| Caproni Ca.309-314 | | | | | | | | | 1,516 | | | | | |
| Dornier Do 22 | | | | | | | 30 | | | | | | | |
| Dornier Do 17E/F | | | | | | | 405 | | | | | | | |
| Dornier Do 17K | | | | | | | 14 | | | | | | | |
| Dornier Do 17M/P/R/S/U | | | | | | | 448 | | | | | | | |
| Dornier Do 17Z | | | | | | | 875 | | | | | | | |
| Dornier Do 215 | | | | | | | 105 | | | | | | | |
| Dornier Do 217 | | | | | | | 1,025 | | | | | | | |
| Fieseler Fi 167 | | | | | | | 14 | | | | | | | |
| Focke-Wulf Fw 200 | | | | | | | 276 | | | | | | | |
| Mitsubishi G3M | | | | | | | | | | 1,048 | | | | |
| Mitsubishi G4M | | | | | | | | | | 2,435 | | | | |
| Heinkel He 111 | | | | | | | 7,300 | | | | | | | |
| Heinkel He 177 | | | | | | | 1,190 | | | | | | | |
| IAR 37 | | | | | | | | | | | | 380 | | |
| Junkers Ju 88/188/388 | | | | | | | 16,517 | | | | | | | |
| Kaproni-Bulgarski KB.6 | | 24 | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Mitsubishi Ki-21 | | | | | | | | | | 2,064 | | | | |
| Mitsubishi Ki-30 | | | | | | | | | | 704 | | | | |
| Kawasaki Ki-32 | | | | | | | | | | 854 | | | | |
| Kawasaki Ki-48 | | | | | | | | | | 1,997 | | | | |
| Nakajima Ki-49 | | | | | | | | | | 819 | | | | |
| Mitsubishi Ki-67/Mitsubishi Ki-109 | | | | | | | | | | 767 | | | | |
| LeO 45 | | | | | | 162 | | | | | | | |
| Piaggio P.108 | | | | | | | | 35 | | | | | | |
| Yokosuka P1Y | | | | | | | | | | 1,102 | | | | |
| Kyushu Q1W | | | | | | | | | | 153 | | | | |
| Letov Š-328 | | | 80 | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Savoia-Marchetti SM.79 | | | | | | | | | 1,350 | | | 64 | | |
| Savoia-Marchetti SM.82 | | | | | | | | | 379 | | | | | |
| Savoia-Marchetti SM.84 | | | | | | | | | 246 | | | | | |
| Weiss WM-21 | | | | | | | | 128 | | | | | | |
| CANT Z.506B | | | | | | | | | 320 | | | | | |
| CANT Z.1007 | | | | | | | | | 660 | | | | | |
| CANT Z.1018 | | | | | | | | | 15 | | | | | |
| Total | | 24 | 84 | | | 200 | 28,409 | 128 | 5,263 | 11,943 | | 380 | | 44,802 |

## Propaganda posters

* Japanese Organized Labour Service Corps poster
* USSR: "Everything for the Front. Everything for Victory"
* French-Canadian poster: "I'm making bombs and buying bonds!-Buy Victory Bonds."
* Italy: "Work and Fight for your Country and Victory"
* Australia: "He's coming south—it's fight, work or perish"