OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Mohammed bin Jassim Al Thani

Mohammed bin Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani (Arabic: الشيخ محمد بن جاسم بن محمد آل ثاني; 17 January 1881 – 8 April 1971) was the son of Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani. Sheikh Mohammed had a total of 18 siblings, with him being the seventh of his father's sons.

## Early life

Sheikh Mohammed bin Jassim Mohammed Al Thani was born in 1881 in Doha, the capital city and state of Qatar. He reigned for 10 months and abdicated in favour of his brother, Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani. He was appointed by his brothers to become prince of the city of Doha, until his death in 1971. Sheikha Moza bint Nasser Al Misned renovated his house in what is now called Doha Land, Shiekh Mohammed bin Jassim's house is now open to the public.

## Children

Sheikh Mohammed bin Jassim Al Thani's wife was Sheikha Aisha bint Ahmed Al Thani, his first cousin. She was the mother of Sheikh Jassim, Sheikh Abdullah and Sheikh Ahmed, Sheikh Mohammed had a total of 27 children 12 sons and 15 daughters. His last wife Sheikha Safiya Al-Kaabi, was known to have been loved dearly and was known to be head chief of all his living wives.
This list is in descending order according to their age, from the eldest son to the youngest. Same is true with the daughters.
* Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed bin Jassim Bin Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikh Ahmed bin Mohammed bin Jassim Bin Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikh Abdullah bin Mohammed bin Jassim Bin Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikh Thamir bin Mohammed bin Jassim Al Thani
* Sheikh Ghanim bin Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikh Thani bin Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikh Abdulrahman bin Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikh Khalid bin Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikh Khalifa bin Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikh Mansoor bin Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikh Falih bin Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikh Jabor bin Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikha Fatima bint Mohammed Al Thani, married to Sheikh Hassan bin Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani, her first cousin
* Sheikha Sarah bint Mohammed Al Thani, married to Sheikh Hamad bin Abdullah bin Jassim Al Thani, her first cousin
* Sheikha Loulwa bint Mohammed Al Thani, married to Sheikh Ghanim bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani, her first cousin
* Sheikha Hessa bint Mohammed Al Thani, married to Sheikh Khailid bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani, her first cousin
* Sheikha Sheikha bint Mohammed Al Thani, married to Sheikh Saud bin Thani bin Jassim Al Thani, her first cousin
* Sheikha Noura bint Mohammed Al Thani, married to Sheikh Ahmed bin Thani bin Jassim Al Thani, her first cousin
* Sheikha Sharifa bint Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikha Maryam bint Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikha Moza bint Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikha Sara bint Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikha Rowda bint Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikha Hamda bint Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikha Alya bint Mohammed Al Thani
* Sheikha Seeda bint Mohammed Al Thani
# Battle of Fundina

The Battle of Fundina took place on 2 August 1876 in Fundina, a village in Kuči, Principality of Montenegro. The day had a religious importance, as being the St. Elijah's Day (Eastern Orthodox calendar). The Montenegrin Army was led by the two Montenegrin dukes Ilija Plamenac and Marko Miljanov, who had about 5,000 troop under their direct command. The Ottomans had a total strength of 40,000. Days before the battle, a Montenegrin Muslim, Mašo-Hadži Ahmetov revealed thr Ottoman plans to Marko Miljanov, and thus the Montenegrins knew where the attack was going to come from.
The Ottomans advanced from the Southwest towards Kuči, planning their final attack for 3 August. But since Montenegrin commanders knew of their plans, they counterattacked a day before. Most of the fighting occurred at the bottom of Heljam hill, where the Ottomans were defending from the trenches. While Marko Miljanov was in the front lines, Ilija Plamenac was commanding the Montenegrin army from the back, developing a strategy. After the victory was secured, the Montenegrins captured the Ottoman leaders, put them in a house and burned it to the ground. The rest of the Montenegrins chased the remaining Ottomans southward, forcing them into a fast retreat. The exact number of Montenegrin casualties is unknown, but it is certain that the Ceklin battalion suffered the greatest losses. The most successful part of the Montenegrin Army was the Martinići battalion, which killed 2,000 Ottomans, and captured 6 enemy flags. Novak Vujošević from the Kuči tribe was the biggest hero of the battle, killing 28 enemy soldiers; he later received an award from the Russian emperor. After the battle, Montenegrins sent a "gift" to Mahmud Pasha - a live wolf, as a symbol of Montenegrin pride and freedom. Marko Miljanov, one of the two Montenegrin commanders, was awarded the best captured sword and a house in Medun, which is today a museum. After the battle, the Kuči clan was awarded a medal for bravery by King Nicholas I. The importance of this Montenegrin victory was that it stopped the Ottoman advance, and secured the Montenegrin victory in the Montenegrin–Turkish War of 1876–1878.
# Giant Bible of Echternach

The Giant Bible of Echternach is an illustrated giant bible that was made for Abbot Regimbert of the abbey of Echternach between 1051 and 1081. Today, it is kept in the National Library of Luxembourg as manuscript MS 264. Prior to its acquisition by Luxembourg in 1951, it was in the Ducal Library of Gotha [de].
The bible contains 414 folios measuring 600 by 400 millimetres (24 in × 16 in). Three folios are missing. The written area of the page is 480 by 300 millimetres (19 in × 12 in). The writing, in two columns, is by a single hand. The scribe was a monk of Echternach named Ruotpert who left no other known work. Large decorated initials in red, green and purple with extensive interlace are found at the start of each biblical book and smaller ones elsewhere. The bible is bound in hardwood covered in calfskin. In its size and decoration, it was a major influence on the Giant Bible of Saint Maximin.
In 1940, the bible was unbound in order to be photographed and then rebound. The original parchment pastedown was set aside, only to be identified in 2001 as an abacus board of the kind introduced by Gerbert of Aurillac (died 1003). It was probably copied much earlier than the bible, since it was considered scrap by the time the bible was bound.
Besides the bible, the manuscript includes a Latin sermon, Legimus in ecclesiasticis historiis, which it attributes to Helisachar.
# Elizabeth Parker hut

* Elizabeth Parker hut
The Elizabeth Parker hut is an alpine hut located in Yoho National Park near Lake O'Hara in British Columbia. The hut is maintained by the Alpine Club of Canada.

## History

The hut was named after the journalist Elizabeth Parker, one of the founding members of the Alpine Club of Canada.The log cabin style structures were built in 1912 (Wiwaxy Cabin) and 1919 (main hut).

## Access

The hut can be reached via Lake O'Hara Road, South off the Trans-Canada highway from a parking area.
Coordinates: 51°21′18″N 116°20′36″W﻿ / ﻿51.35500°N 116.34333°W﻿ / 51.35500; -116.34333 NAD83 11U 545726 5689508

## Facilities

The hut sleeps about 24 in summer and 20 in winter. It is equipped with propane powered lamps, stovetop and oven.

## Activities

The hut is used as a base for mountaineering and a starting point for trips to the Abbot Pass.

## Nearby

* Lake O'Hara
* Abbot Pass
* Mount Victoria
* Mount Lefroy
* Wiwaxy Peak
# Katica Illényi

Katica Illényi (Hungarian:) is a Hungarian violinist, singer, dancer and theremin player. She has classical training, and plays in several musical genres including folk music, klezmer and Manouche jazz.

## Life and career

Illényi comes from a musical family. She was raised in Budapest, Hungary and began learning the violin with her father, Ferenc Illényi, who played in the orchestra of the Hungarian State Opera. Her older brother (also Ferenc) is a violinist with the Houston Symphony, her younger brother Csaba is a violin graduate of the Vienna Academy of Music, and her sister Aniko is a cellist with the Stadtorchester Winterthur in Switzerland. Illenyi attended the Franz Liszt Academy of Music in Budapest, after which she broadened her repertoire to include classical, jazz, and world music.
In 2002 Illenyi embarked on a solo stage career performing concerts containing eclectic programs of classical, jazz, and movie soundtrack themes. In 2014 she began public performances with the Theremin, which she has continued to include in many of her concerts.
Illenyi has received international accolades, performing at concerts organized in cooperation with the Embassies of Hungary in several countries. In 2010 she organized a family reunion concert with her brothers and sister at the Bela Bartok National Concert Hall, Palace of Arts Budapest.

## Awards

Hungary's Outstanding Artist - 15th March 2020
Artist of Merit of Hungary - 15th March 2015
Franz Liszt Award - 15th march 2014
Artisjus Award 2010
eMeRTon Award 2002

## Discography

2019. Jubilee Concert - Budapest Congress Center
2018. Tango Classic, Celebration Hall of Vigadó
2017. Katica Illényi & Friends Budapest Congress Center
2016. New Year Concert at Royal Ballroom with Budapest Strings
2016. Theremin Christmas
2015. Around the world in 80 days
2014. Live in Budapest
2014. The Stephane Grappelli Tribute
2014. Live at the Thalia Theatre
2013. Reloaded Jazzy Violin
2013. World Famous Movie Songs and Evergreens
2012. Around the world with a violin
2012. Classic violin
2012. Katica Illényi and her Siblings at the Palace of Art sin Budapest
2010. Songs of Love
2008. The Jazzy Violin
2007. Concert at the Liszt Ferenc Academy of Music
2006. Live at the Palace of Arts Budapest
2005. Honeysuckle rose
2002. Premier
# Pyrrolidine

Pyrrolidine, also known as tetrahydropyrrole, is an organic compound with the molecular formula (CH$_2$)$_4$NH. It is a cyclic secondary amine, also classified as a saturated heterocycle. It is a colourless liquid that is miscible with water and most organic solvents. It has a characteristic odor that has been described as "ammoniacal, fishy, shellfish-like". In addition to pyrrolidine itself, many substituted pyrrolidines are known.

## Production and synthesis
### Industrial production

Pyrrolidine is prepared industrially by the reaction of 1,4-butanediol and ammonia at a temperature of 165–200 °C and a pressure of 17–21 MPa in the presence of a cobalt- and nickel oxide catalyst, which is supported on alumina.
The reaction is carried out in the liquid phase in a continuous tube- or tube bundle reactor, which is operated in the cycle gas method. The catalyst is arranged as a fixed-bed and the conversion is carried out in the downflow mode. The product is obtained after multistage purification and separation by extractive and azeotropic distillation.

### Laboratory synthesis

In the laboratory, pyrrolidine was usually synthesised by treating 4-chlorobutan-1-amine with a strong base:
Furthermore, 5-membered N-heterocyclic ring of the pyrrolidine derivatives can be synthesized via cascade reactions.

## Occurrence

Many modifications of pyrrolidine are found in natural and synthetic drugs and drug candidates. The pyrrolidine ring structure is present in numerous natural alkaloids i.a. nicotine and hygrine. It is found in many drugs such as procyclidine and bepridil. It also forms the basis for the racetam compounds (e.g. piracetam, aniracetam). The amino acids proline and hydroxyproline are, in a structural sense, derivatives of pyrrolidine.
    Nicotine contains an N-methylpyrrolidine ring linked to a pyridine ring.

## Reactions

Pyrrolidine is a base. Its basicity is typical of other dialkyl amines. Relative to many secondary amines, pyrrolidine is distinctive because of its compactness, a consequence of its cyclic structure.
Pyrrolidine is used as a building block in the synthesis of more complex organic compounds. It is used to activate ketones and aldehydes toward nucleophilic addition by formation of enamines (e.g. used in the Stork enamine alkylation):
# Eivind Aadland

Eivind Aadland (born 19 September 1956) is a Norwegian conductor and violinist. He has been concert master of the Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra. Since 2020 he has been Chief Conductor and Artistic Director of the Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra
Aadland was Chief Conductor and Artistic Leader of the Trondheim Symphony Orchestra between 2004–2010 and maintains a regular relationship with many Scandinavian orchestras, including the Oslo and Bergen Philharmonics, Stavanger Symphony and Swedish Chamber Orchestra. At Den Norske Opera in Oslo he has conducted productions of Don Giovanni, Le nozze di Figaro, Die Zauberflöte and Die Fledermaus.
Recent seasons have included performances with the Orchestre du Capitole de Toulouse, the Swedish Radio and Melbourne Symphony Orchestras, the Lausanne and Scottish Chamber Orchestras and the Symphony Orchestras of Gothenburg, the Finnish Radio, SWR Stuttgart and WDR Cologne. Engagements during the 08/09 season included concerts with the Iceland Symphony Orchestra, Tasmanian Symphony Orchestra and the Queensland Orchestra, Royal Flemish Philharmonic and the Orchestre National de Belgique.
Mr Aadland's recording output encompasses a diverse range of repertoire and he is a champion of Norwegian and Swedish composers. These include the symphonic works of Eivind Groven, a disc of Norwegian orchestral favourites and the complete music for violin and orchestra of Arne Nordheim with the Stavanger Symphony – all for BIS records. On the Simax label Aadland he has made discs of Irgens Jensen's works with the Bergen Philharmonic, music of Ole Bull with the Trondheim Symphony and music of Gustav Holst, Percy Grainger and Florent Schmitt with The staff band of the Norwegian Armed Forces. Also with the Trondheim Symphony, he has recorded two discs devoted to the orchestral music of Ludwig Irgens-Jensen and Gerhard Schjeldrup for CPO Records. He has also recorded for Hyperion, ASV, IMP Classics, and Koch.
A student of Jorma Panula, Eivind Aadland was encouraged by Mariss Jansons to pursue his conducting career. Previously as a violinist, Eivind Aadland was concertmaster of the Bergen Philharmonic (1981–1989) and music director of the European Union Chamber Orchestra during 1987–1997, with whom he directed concerts at concert halls and festivals throughout Europe, and made a number of recordings. Mr Aadland studied with Yehudi Menuhin and together they performed chamber concerts in Paris and London as well as in Switzerland.
# Potassium aspartate

Potassium aspartate is a potassium salt of L-aspartic acid.

## Medical application

Potassium aspartate is not approved for use as a chemical in its own right (but may be approved as a component in a product covered by a group standard) in the United States or European Union or New Zealand or Australia, for treating any medical condition, but is studied as an alternative to potassium chloride to treat high blood pressure (hypertension): potassium chloride reduces blood pressure, with a more pronounced effect in patients with hypertension—averaging a reduction of 8.2 mm Hg systolic and 4.5 mm Hg diastolic; yet, potassium aspartate may have a greater impact on lowering blood pressure at lower doses. While increasing intake of potassium-rich foods like bananas, grapefruit, dried beans, peas, broccoli, spinach, pumpkins, and squash is preferable, potassium aspartate is studied as a potential adjunctive treatment for hypertension.
# Benzidine

Benzidine (trivial name), also called 1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine (systematic name), is an organic compound with the formula (C$_6$H$_4$NH$_2$)$_2$. It is an aromatic amine. It is a component of a test for cyanide. Related derivatives are used in the production of dyes. Benzidine has been linked to bladder and pancreatic cancer.

## Synthesis and properties

Benzidine is prepared in a two step process from nitrobenzene. First, the nitrobenzene is converted to 1,2-diphenylhydrazine, usually using iron powder as the reducing agent. Treatment of this hydrazine with mineral acids induces a rearrangement reaction to 4,4'-benzidine. Smaller amounts of other isomers are also formed. The benzidine rearrangement, which proceeds intramolecularly, is a classic mechanistic puzzle in organic chemistry.
The conversion is described as a [5,5]sigmatropic reaction.
In terms of its physical properties, 4,4'-benzidine is poorly soluble in cold water but can be recrystallized from hot water, where it crystallises as the monohydrate. It is dibasic, the deprotonated species has K$_a$ values of 9.3 × 10$^{−10}$ and 5.6 × 10$^{−11}$. Its solutions react with oxidizing agents to give deeply coloured quinone-related derivatives.

## Applications

Conversion of benzidine to the bis(diazonium) salt was once an integral step in the preparation of direct dyes (requiring no mordant). Treatment of this bis(diazonium) salt with 1-aminonaphthalene-4-sulfonic acid gives the once popular congo red dye. In the past, benzidine was used to test for blood. An enzyme in blood causes the oxidation of benzidine to a distinctively blue-coloured derivative. The test for cyanide relies on similar reactivity. Such applications have largely been replaced by methods using phenolphthalein/hydrogen peroxide and luminol.

## Related 4,4’-benzidines

A variety of derivatives of 4,4’-benzidine are commercially produced on the scale of one to a few thousand kilograms per year, mainly as precursors to dyes and pigments. These derivatives include, in order of scale, the following:
* 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine
* o-tolidine, 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4’-benzidine
* o-dianisidine (3,3'-dimethoxy-4,4’-benzidine, CAS# 119-90-4, m.p. 133 °C)
* 3,3',4,4'-Tetraamino-diphenyl, precursor to polybenzimidazole fiber.

## Safety

As with some other aromatic amines such as 2-naphthylamine, benzidine has been significantly withdrawn from use in most industries because it is so carcinogenic. In August 2010 benzidine dyes were included in the U.S. EPA's List of Chemicals of Concern. The manufacture of Benzidine has been illegal in the UK since at least 2002 under the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002 (COSHH).
# Julian Siegel

Julian H. Siegel (born 1966) is a British jazz saxophone and clarinet player, and a composer and arranger, described by MOJO Magazine as "One of the UK's most creative saxophonists".
Siegel has toured and recorded with Greg Cohen and Joey Baron and was awarded the BBC Jazz Awards 2007 for Best Instrumentalist.
Siegel won the 2011 London Awards for Art and Performance Jazz. In 2015 won his quartet Partisans (Gene Calderazzo, Phil Robson, Thad Kelly) with the album Swamp the Parliamentary Jazz Awards Jazz Album of the Year.

## Discography
### without fix groups

* Partisans (EFZ, 1997) with Phil Robson
* Close-Up (Sound Recordings, 2002)
* As One Does' (FMR Records, 2018) with Paul Dunmall, Percy Pursglove, Mark Sanders

### with Partisans

* Sourpuss Babel BDV 2029 2000
* Max Babel BDV2553 2005
* By Proxy Babel BDV 2983 2009
* Swamp Whirlwind Recordings WR4657 2014
* Nit de Nit Whirlwind Recordings WR4738 2019

### with Julian Siegel Quartet

* Urban Theme Park 2011 with Gene Calderazzo, Liam Noble, Oli Hayhurst
* Vista 2018 with Gene Calderazzo, Liam Noble, Oli Hayhurst
# Sophie Alal

Sophie Alal is a Ugandan writer, lawyer, poet, journalist and cultural critic. She publishes at Deyu African, a cultural heritage initiative. She won the 2010 Beverley Nambozo Poetry Award with Making Modern Love. Her short stories have been published in the Kalahari Review, Lawino Magazine, AfricanColours and START journal. She has worked as a freelance correspondent for The EastAfrican, African Colours magazine and the Global Press Institute. She holds a law degree from Makerere University.

## Published works
### Short stories

* "Here are the children" inJames Woodhouse, ed. (2017). Moonscapes: short stories and poetry. Africa Writers Trust. ISBN 978-9970-28-001-8.
* "Making Modern Love" inBeverley Nambozo Nsengiyunva, ed. (2014). A Thousand Voices Rising: An anthology of contemporary African poetry. BN Poetry Foundation. ISBN 978-9970-9234-0-3.
* "Partaking "
* "Debris"

### Poetry

* "The rebel fell"
* "Making modern love"
# Brookvale, Nova Scotia

Brookvale is a rural community of the Halifax Regional Municipality in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.
45°2′20.5″N 63°7′14.7″W﻿ / ﻿45.039028°N 63.120750°W﻿ / 45.039028; -63.120750
# National Health Service Central Register

The National Health Service Central Register (NHSCR) is a Scottish Government database accessible to public bodies approved by the Scottish Parliament. The register was established in the early 1950s to facilitate the transfer of patients between health board areas or across borders within the countries of the United Kingdom. However, its role has expanded over the decades and it now also provides Scottish local authorities with a Unique Citizen Reference Number or UCRN used to identify people on their own databases.
In 2006, the Scottish Government and the National Records of Scotland made a major expansion of the applications of the NHSCR by changing regulations with section 57 of the Local Electoral Administration and Registration Services (Scotland) Act 2006. In 2015, the Scottish Government proposed expanding access to the NHSCR to more than 100 additional public bodies. The associated consultation received 302 responses. The proposed expansion was criticised by the Open Rights Group, who believed it may breach data protection rules and human rights and resembles a national identity system. In February 2017, the Scottish Government informed the Scottish Parliament that it did not intend to proceed with the proposals.

## Community Health Index

The Community Health Index is a register of all patients in NHS Scotland, Scotland's publicly funded healthcare system. The register exists to ensure that patients can be correctly identified, and that all information pertaining to a patient's health is available to providers of care.
Patients are identified using a ten-digit number known as the CHI Number, pronounced /ˈkaɪ/. This number is normally formed using the patient's date of birth (as DDMMYY), followed by four digits: two digits randomly generated, the third digit identifying gender (odd for men, even for women) and a check digit (Modulus-11). As of March 2010, uptake of this number (based on radiology requests) varied across Scotland from 96.5% to 99.9% depending on the local NHS Board.

### Pharmacy

The CHI number is included in electronic medical referencing systems, such as AMS (Acute Medicine Service), CMS (Chronic Medicine Service) and MAS (Minor Ailment Scheme). All of these connect to Scotland's ePharmacy which contains details of all medical patients for Scotland.
# Industry Hills Expo Center

The Industry Hills Expo Center is a 125-acre event venue (51 ha) in the City of Industry, California, United States. The multi-purpose arena seats over 5,000 spectators and was home to the Los Angeles Lynx of the National Indoor Football League. Built in 1981, the venue has other smaller buildings along with outdoor horse arenas.
The venue is one of the top venues for motorcycle speedway in the United States.