# Sports in Massachusetts

Sports in Massachusetts have a long history with both amateur athletics and professional teams. Most of the major professional teams have won multiple championships in their respective leagues. Massachusetts teams have won 6 Stanley Cups (Boston Bruins), 18 NBA Championships (Boston Celtics), 6 Super Bowls (New England Patriots), and 10 World Series (9 Boston Red Sox, 1 Boston Braves). The New England Revolution won the MLS Supporter's Shield in 2021 (the club's only major trophy to date). Early basketball and volleyball was created in Massachusetts, which homes the Basketball Hall of Fame (Springfield), and the Volleyball Hall of Fame (Holyoke). Massachusetts also houses the Cape Cod Baseball League. It is also home to prestigious sports events such as the Boston Marathon and the Head of the Charles Regatta. The Falmouth Road Race in running and the Fitchburg Longsjo Classic in bicycle racing are also very popular events with long histories.
The Greater Boston region is the only city/surrounding area in American professional sports in which all facilities are privately owned and operated. The Patriots and Revolution both own Gillette Stadium in Foxborough, Massachusetts, the Red Sox own Fenway Park, and TD Garden is owned by Delaware North, owner of the Bruins. The Celtics rent TD Garden from Delaware North.
The PGA Tour Deutsche Bank Championship is a regular professional golf tour stop in the state. Massachusetts has played host to nine U.S. Opens, four U.S. Women's Opens, two Ryder Cups, and one U.S. Senior Open.
Many colleges and universities in Massachusetts are active in college athletics. There are a number of NCAA Division I members in the state for multiple sports: Boston College, Boston University, Northeastern University, Harvard University, College of the Holy Cross, the University of Massachusetts Amherst, the University of Massachusetts Lowell, Merrimack College, and Stonehill College.

## Notable athletes from Massachusetts

Massachusetts has produced several successful Olympians including Thomas Burke, James Connolly, and John Thomas (track & field); Butch Johnson (archery); Nancy Kerrigan (figure skating); Todd Richards (snowboarding); Albina Osipowich (swimming); Aly Raisman (gymnastics); Patrick Ewing (basketball); as well as Jim Craig, Mike Eruzione, Bill Cleary, and Keith Tkachuk (ice hockey).
Notable soccer (or association football) players from Massachusetts include Bert Patenaude, Billy Gonsalves, Geoff Cameron, Miles Robinson, Sam Mewis, and Kristie Mewis. Patenaude and Gonsalves, both inductees of the National Soccer Hall of Fame and natives of Fall River, Massachusetts, played for the U.S. men's national team at the inaugural FIFA World Cup in 1930 (hosted in Uruguay). Patenaude scored the first hat-trick in World Cup history. The USMNT finished in third place.

### Sports Illustrated's 50 Greatest Sports Figures from Massachusetts

In 1999, Sports Illustrated published the fifty (50) greatest 19th and 20th century sports figures from each U.S. state. The criteria used was "not necessarily to where [the athletes] were born, but to where they first showed flashes of the greatness to come." The ten highest ranked Massachusetts athletes were as follows:
| Rank | Name | Sport | Hometown | Notes |
| 1. | Rocky Marciano | Boxing | Brockton, MA | Held the world heavyweight title from 1952 to 1956 |
| 2. | Doug Flutie | American football | Natick, MA | Played at Boston College; won the Heisman Trophy in 1984 |
| 3. | Patrick Ewing | Basketball | Cambridge, MA | Played at Cambridge Rindge and Latin School; 2× Olympic gold medalist (1984, 1992); selected as one of the 75 Greatest Players in NBA History in 2021; Basketball Hall of Fame inductee |
| 4. | Bobby Carpenter | Ice hockey | Beverly, MA | First U.S. player to jump from high school to NHL (in 1981) |
| 5. | Rebecca Lobo | Basketball | Southwick, MA | Massachusetts' all-time leading high school basketball scorer (boys and girls); Basketball Hall of Fame inductee |
| 6. | Alberto Salazar | Track & field | Wayland, MA | 3× New York Marathon winner (1980–82); Boston Marathon winner (1982) |
| 7. | Tom Glavine | Baseball | Billerica, MA | 2× NL Cy Young Award (1991, 1998); 1995 World Series MVP; Baseball Hall of Fame inductee |
| 8. | Pie Traynor | Baseball | Somerville, MA | Posted a career batting average of .320; Baseball Hall of Fame inductee |
| 9. | Harry Agganis | Baseball American football | Lynn, MA | Played at Boston University; Boston Red Sox (1954–55); College Football Hall of Fame inductee |
| 10. | Johnny Kelley | Track & field | Arlington, MA | Olympian; competed in the Boston Marathon over 50 times (winning twice) |

## Major League Professional Teams
### Current teams

| Club | League | Sport | Venue (capacity) | Founded | Championships |
| Boston Red Sox | MLB | Baseball | Fenway Park (37,500) | 1901 | 9 World Series |
| Boston Bruins | NHL | Ice Hockey | TD Garden (17,565) | 1924 | 6 Stanley Cups |
| Boston Celtics | NBA | Basketball | TD Garden (18,625) | 1946 | 18 NBA titles |
| New England Patriots | NFL | Football | Gillette Stadium (68,750) | 1960 | 6 Super Bowls |
| New England Revolution | MLS | Soccer | Gillette Stadium (68,750) | 1995 | 0 MLS Cups; 1 Supporters' Shield |
| Boston Fleet | PWHL | Ice Hockey | Tsongas Center (6,500) | 2023 | 0 Walter Cups |
| Boston Cannons | PLL | Lacrosse | "Barnstorming" | 2001 | 2 Steinfeld Trophies (MLL) 2 PLL Championship Series Trophies |
| Boston Guard | WLL | Lacrosse | "Barnstorming" | 2025 | 1 WLL Championship Trophy |
| BOS Nation FC | NWSL | Soccer | White Stadium (10,519) | 2026 | 0 NWSL Championship Trophy |

### Former teams

| Club | League | Sport | Venue (capacity) | Founded | Dissolved | Championships |
| Boston Braves | MLB | Baseball | Braves Field (40,000) | 1871 | 1952 | 1 World Series |
| Worcester Brown Stockings | MLB | Baseball | Worcester Agricultural Fairgrounds | 1880 | 1882 | |
| Boston Reds | MLB | Baseball | Congress Street Grounds | 1890 | 1891 | |
| Boston Bulldogs | NFL | Football | Braves Field (40,000) | 1929 | 1929 | |
| Boston Redskins | NFL | Football | Fenway Park (35,000) | 1932 | 1936 | |
| Boston Yanks | NFL | Football | Fenway Park (35,000) | 1944 | 1948 | |
| Boston Breakers | USFL | Football | Nickerson Field (15,000) | 1983 | 1984 | |
| Boston Rovers | NASL | Soccer | Manning Bowl (21,000) | 1967 | 1967 | |
| Boston Beacons | NASL | Soccer | Fenway Park (33,375) | 1968 | 1968 | |
| Boston Minutemen | NASL | Soccer | Alumni Stadium (30,000) Nickerson Field (15,000) | 1974 | 1976 | |
| New England Tea Men | NASL | Soccer | Foxboro Stadium (60,000) | 1978 | 1980 | |
| New England Whalers | WHA | Ice Hockey | Boston Garden (14,448) | 1972 | 1974 | 1 Avco World Trophy |

## Minor League or Semi-Professional Clubs

| Club | Pro Affiliate | League | Conference / Division | Sport | Venue (Capacity) | Founded | Championships |
| Worcester Red Sox | Boston Red Sox | International | East | Baseball | Polar Park (9,508) | 2021 | 4 Governors' Cup (As PawSox) |
| Worcester Railers | New York Islanders (NHL) / Bridgeport Islanders (AHL) | ECHL | Eastern / North | Ice Hockey | DCU Center (12,135) | 2017 | 0 Kelly Cup |
| Springfield Thunderbirds | St. Louis Blues (NHL) / Florida Everblades (ECHL) | AHL | Eastern / Atlantic | Ice Hockey | MassMutual Center (6,800) | 1975 | 0 Calder Cup |

## College sports
### NCAA: Divisions I and II

| School | Nickname | Division | Conference |
| Boston College | Eagles | I | Atlantic Coast Conference/Hockey East |
| Boston University | Terriers | I | Patriot League/Hockey East |
| Northeastern University | Huskies | I | Coastal Athletic Association/Hockey East |
| Harvard University | Crimson | I | Ivy League/ECAC Hockey |
| College of the Holy Cross | Crusaders | I | Patriot League/Atlantic Hockey America/Hockey East |
| University of Massachusetts Amherst | Minutemen/ Minutewomen | I | Atlantic 10 Conference/FBS independent/Hockey East |
| University of Massachusetts Lowell | River Hawks | I | America East Conference/Hockey East |
| Merrimack College | Warriors | I | Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference/FCS independent (football)/Hockey East |
| Stonehill College | Skyhawks | I | Northeast Conference/Independent (men's ice hockey)/New England Women's Hockey Alliance |
| American International College | Yellow Jackets | I/II | Atlantic Hockey America/Northeast-10 Conference |
| Bentley University | Falcons | I/II | Atlantic Hockey America/Northeast-10 Conference |
| Assumption University | Greyhounds | I/II | Northeast-10 Conference/New England Women's Hockey Alliance |
In addition to the schools listed here, Franklin Pierce University, a full Division II member located near the state border in Rindge, New Hampshire, plays its men's and women's ice hockey home games in Massachusetts on the campus of The Winchendon School. FPU plays men's hockey in the Northeast-10 and women's hockey as a D-I program in the New England Women's Hockey Alliance.
* ↑ Joining the Mid-American Conference in July 2025; will remain an A-10 member in men's lacrosse.
* ↑ UMass' tenure as an FBS independent will end when the school joins the Mid-American Conference.

### NCAA: Division III

| School | Nickname | Division | Conference |
| Amherst College | Mammoths | III | Eastern College Athletic Conference/New England Small College Athletic Conference |
| Anna Maria College | Amcats | III | Great Northeast Athletic Conference/Eastern Collegiate Football Conference |
| Babson College | Beavers | III | New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference |
| Brandeis University | Judges | III | University Athletic Association/Intercollegiate Fencing Association |
| Bridgewater State University | Bears | III | Eastern College Athletic Conference/Massachusetts State Collegiate Athletic Conference/ Little East Conference |
| Clark University | Cougars | III | New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference |
| Curry College | Colonels | III | Conference of New England |
| Dean College | Bulldogs | III | New England Collegiate Conference |
| Eastern Nazarene College | Lions | III | New England Collegiate Conference |
| Elms College | Blazers | III | New England Collegiate Conference |
| Emerson College | Lions | III | New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference/Eastern College Athletic Conference |
| Emmanuel College | Saints | III | Great Northeast Athletic Conference |
| Endicott College | Gulls | III | Conference of New England/New England Collegiate Conference |
| Fitchburg State University | Falcons | III | Massachusetts State College Athletic Conference |
| Framingham State University | Rams | III | Massachusetts State Collegiate Athletic Conference |
| Gordon College | Fighting Scots | III | Conference of New England |
| Lasell University | Lasers | III | Great Northeast Athletic Conference |
| Lesley University | Lynx | III | New England Collegiate Conference |
| Mount Holyoke College | Lyons | III | New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference |
| Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts | Trailblazers | III | Eastern College Athletic Conference/Massachusetts State Collegiate Athletic Conference |
| Massachusetts Maritime Academy | Buccaneers | III | Massachusetts State Collegiate Athletic Conference/New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference |
| Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Engineers | III | New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference |
| Nichols College | Bison | III | Conference of New England/New England Collegiate Conference |
| Regis College | Pride | III | Great Northeast Athletic Conference |
| Salem State University | Vikings | III | Massachusetts State Collegiate Athletic Conference |
| Simmons University | Sharks | III | Great Northeast Athletic Conference/North Atlantic Conference |
| Smith College | Pioneers | III | New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference |
| Springfield College | Pride | III | New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference |
| Suffolk University | Rams | III | Great Northeast Athletic Conference |
| Tufts University | Jumbos | III | New England Small College Athletic Conference |
| University of Massachusetts Boston | Beacons | III | Little East Conference/New England Hockey Conference |
| University of Massachusetts Dartmouth | Corsairs | III | Little East Conference/Massachusetts State Collegiate Athletic Conference |
| Wellesley College | Blues | III | New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference |
| Wentworth Institute of Technology | Panthers | III | Conference of New England/Great Northeast Athletic Conference |
| Western New England University | Golden Bears | III | Conference of New England/Commonwealth Coast Football |
| Westfield State University | Owls | III | Massachusetts State Collegiate Athletic Conference |
| Wheaton College, Massachusetts | Lyons | III | New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference |
| Williams College | Ephs | III / I | New England Small College Athletic Conference |
| Worcester Polytechnic Institute | Engineers | III | New England Women's and Men's Athletic Conference |
| Worcester State University | Lancers | III | Massachusetts State Collegiate Athletic Conference |

### NAIA

| School | Nickname | Conference |
| Fisher College | Falcons | Independent |

### USCAA

| School | Nickname | Conference |
| Bay Path University | Wildcats | Independent |
| Hampshire College | Black Sheep | Yankee Small College Conference |

### NJCAA Division II

| School | Nickname | Region |
| Massasoit Community College | Warriors | 21 |

### NJCAA Division III

| School | Nickname | Region |
| Benjamin Franklin Institute of Technology | Shockers | 21 |
| Bristol Community College | Bayhawks | 21 |
| Bunker Hill Community College | Bulldogs | 21 |
| Holyoke Community College | Cougars | 21 |
| Mass Bay Community College | Buccaneers | 21 |
| Northern Essex Community College | Knights | 21 |
| Quinsigamond Community College | Chiefs | 21 |
| Roxbury Community College | Tigers | 21 |
| Springfield Technical Community College | Rams | 21 |

## High school

The Massachusetts Interscholastic Athletic Association (MIAA) is an organization that sponsors activities in thirty-three sports, comprising 374 public and private high schools in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. The MIAA is a member of the National Federation of State High School Associations (NFHS), which writes the rules for most U.S. high school sports and activities. The MIAA was founded in 1978, and was preceded by both the Massachusetts Secondary School Principals' Association (MSSPA) (1942–78) and the Massachusetts Interscholastic Athletic Council (MIAC) (1950–78).
Rugby is the MIAA's 35th sport in 2016, following a 2015 MIAA vote that passed by a wide majority. As of 2015, there are 19 boys’ teams and 5 girls’ teams across the state, with the majority of the Catholic Conference schools fielding rugby teams.