# Wendy Whiteley

Wendy Susan Whiteley OAM (née Julius; born 1941) is best known as the former wife of the Australian artist Brett Whiteley, and as the mother of their daughter, actress Arkie Whiteley (1964–2001). She has become a notable cultural figure, particularly since her ex-husband's death in 1992. She posed for Brett many times. Although they divorced three years before he died, she has control of Brett Whiteley's estate including the copyright to his works. She played an important role in the establishment of the Brett Whiteley Studio in Surry Hills, New South Wales which is now owned and managed as an art museum by the Art Gallery of New South Wales.
Wendy Whiteley is also known for the restoration and landscaping of derelict railway land in Lavender Bay, Sydney, which she turned into a "magic garden" and where her ex-husband Brett and daughter Arkie Whiteley's ashes were scattered.

## Background and early years

Wendy Susan Julius was born in Sydney in 1941, the elder of two daughters. She came from a creative lineage. Her great-grandfather was Charles Yelverton O'Connor, engineer for Fremantle Harbour and the Kalgoorlie Pipeline, who committed suicide ten months before the pipeline was opened. Her grandfather was Sir George Julius, the inventor of the totalisator and co-founder of the CSIRO. A great-aunt, Kate O'Connor, was a painter who lived in Paris most of her life.
Her father, George Yelverton Julius, known as "Gentleman George", was thrown out by her mother for infidelity when Wendy was six and she and her sister have little or no memory of him. When Wendy was about 12, she was devastated to read in the newspapers that her father had been sent to prison for eight years for burglary. Her mother later remarried and had two more children.
Wendy attended Lindfield Public School and Hornsby Girls' High School. She won art awards and a David Jones Drawing Prize, which defrayed the costs of her formal studies at East Sydney Technical College.

## Relationship with Brett Whiteley

In 1957, aged not yet 16, she met the 17-year-old Brett Whiteley at his home, where she had been invited by a friend. It is sometimes claimed that this meeting occurred at Jerichos, a Sydney coffee shop known for its bohemian clientele, but the reality was more prosaic. There was an immediate mutual attraction and they soon became lovers. At that time, Brett was attending the life drawing classes at the Julian Ashton Art School, while working for Lintas Advertising. He took Wendy along to a class, where her drawing proved to be better than his. A short time before their meeting, Brett's mother Beryl had separated from her husband and moved overseas. Brett was devastated when she refused his entreaties to come home. He was still living with his father Clem Whiteley, and Wendy moved in; she also went to work for Clem's interior design business. As a couple, their sense of style and extravagance was compared with that of Scott and Zelda Fitzgerald. Their relationship had extremes of passion right from the start.
In November 1959, Brett was awarded an Italian Government Travelling Art Scholarship. He wanted to take Wendy with him, but Clem refused to supply the necessary money; there were quarrels, which resulted in Wendy moving out of the house. She saw Brett off on the boat, and then started working 18 hours a day to earn the money to pay her own way to Europe. Brett arrived in Italy in February 1960, and Wendy reunited with him in Paris on 14 June. They lived in Florence for some months, and in 1961 they moved to London and set up his studio there. In March 1962 his first one-man exhibition, at the Matthiesen Galleries, was a financial success, which prompted them to marry on 27 March, in the Chelsea registry office. They had en extended honeymoon in the south of France, where his Summer at Sigean had its genesis. At the time, Brett said: "If ever I have a retrospective, it will be a chronological testament to Wendy – to my relationship with her". After their return to London, Brett started on the Bathroom paintings, a major series of nudes celebrating Wendy's form and his domestic happiness.
Wendy worked as a fashion under-buyer for Harvey Nichols. Wendy and Brett's daughter Arkie Whiteley was born in London on 6 November 1964. They returned to Australia in December 1965, living at Whale Beach, north of Sydney, where Arkie took her first steps.
In 1967 they moved to New York City for Brett to take up a Harkness Fellowship scholarship. They sailed on the final voyage of the Queen Mary. They went to the Hotel Chelsea and purely by chance were given the penthouse apartment. At that time, Arkie was frequently looked after by baby-sitters, who included Janis Joplin. Brett Whiteley was working feverishly on his paintings, particularly The American Dream, becoming very stressed, and turning to alcohol for relief. Wendy opened a clothes shop in New York City. Brett was very unhappy about this, and threatened to divorce her; he explained that it reminded him too much of his own mother leaving his father as soon as she was financially independent. Wendy called his bluff, and Brett took up with a woman named Constance Abernathy for a few weeks, but he returned to Wendy after Constance fell down an elevator shaft and broke her teeth. Brett had other occasional affairs during this time, and Wendy herself had an affair with Michael Driscoll, whom they had met at the National Art School and who had become their long-time friend. Wendy and Brett were marijuana users at this time. Prior to her affair, Wendy, Brett and Michael tried heroin together for the first time. While it was intended to be a one-off experience, it ultimately led to total heroin addiction for both Wendy and Brett. They attended a treatment clinic in England together, but both returned to heroin a few weeks later. Wendy later claimed to have overcome her addiction.
In July 1969 Brett's physical and mental fatigue caused him to abandon work on The American Dream and to quickly leave New York for Fiji, with his family. They stayed there for five months, living in a small village, mixing with the Fijians, and far from all communications. They had a rooster, an old car, and some bedding. They decided to stay permanently, living a life of utter simplicity in a tranquil tropical paradise, in the manner of Paul Gauguin in Tahiti. They were given two-thirds of an island by the village chief. In November, Brett rented an old barn in Suva to show off his recent work done in Fiji. At the opening, in conversation with officials and politicians, he naively talked about drugs. The next day the barn was raided and a small quantity of marijuana was found, for which he was fined £F50. The Whiteleys were subsequently given a very short time to pack up and leave Fiji.
They returned to Australia, and moved into a Federation house originally known as Lochgyle, built in 1905, in the Sydney suburb of Lavender Bay. They had travelled widely, visiting many of the world's great art museums and exhibitions. But the five-year-old Arkie said she was sick of moving and losing her friends every time she moved, and that she wanted to stay in one place. This made Wendy and Brett decide to settle down in Lavender Bay. Initially they rented one floor of the house, but in 1974 they bought the house outright. The interior of the home was frequently the subject of Brett's paintings, often with Wendy's naked form reclining on a sofa or in the bathtub.
In 1985, Brett bought an abandoned T-shirt factory in Surry Hills and turned it into a studio away from home. Their tandem heroin addiction continued, and in 1987 they were advised to seek separate treatment; Brett would stay to work in Australia, while Wendy and Arkie went to England. On Wendy's return from England in 1988, clean of heroin, Brett was now in a relationship with Janice Spencer, whom he had met at a Narcotics Anonymous meeting earlier that year, and was also still using heroin. Wendy refused to share the same house as Brett for fear of becoming trapped in heroin addiction once more, so Brett took up residence in his Surry Hills studio. They were divorced in 1989.
Brett Whiteley died of a heroin overdose in 1992, Janice Spencer died of a heroin overdose in 2000, and Arkie died of cancer in 2001. The Surry Hills studio is now the location of the Brett Whiteley Studio, an art museum that was operated initially by Wendy in Brett's memory, but is now owned and managed by the Art Gallery of New South Wales.

## Wendy's secret garden

Wendy Whiteley showed artistic ability during her teens. Brett believed her life drawing talent and understanding of colour was superior to his. Wendy suppressed her own artistic ambitions to be a wife, mother and helpmeet. After Brett's death she found a new outlet for her creativity.
At considerable personal expense—reportedly some millions of dollars—Wendy started to clean up and landscape a large patch of derelict land adjacent to her home in Lavender Bay, owned by the New South Wales Rail Corporation. It was choked by weeds and lantanas, and strewn with old train carriages, abandoned refrigerators, rotting mattresses and broken bottles. Homeless people sometimes slept there. The Rail Corporation had no interest in doing anything with it, and they raised no objections to her beautifying the area. They even helped by removing the larger pieces of junk. Wendy treated the garden like a giant painting, structuring, planting, pruning, moving things around, and letting nature do its work. Over a period of fifteen years, the garden became a coveted spot for those who had heard about or chanced upon it, with random benches in quiet spots, secluded paths, and a spectacular view to the Sydney Harbour Bridge. A wide variety of birdlife previously unknown to the area arrived. It has been described as rivalling Claude Monet's garden. It is affectionately known by locals as "Wendy's Secret Garden", although the public have always had free access. Features of the garden include an antique fountain from the Paddington garden of Margaret Olley, Bangalore palms donated by Arkie and objects found in the scrub, like an old tricycle and a child's scooter.
As well as helping her mother with the project, Arkie planned to hold her second wedding ceremony, to Jim Elliott, in the garden. However, her adrenal gland cancer intervened, and they married in the house overlooking the garden, only a few weeks before Arkie's death in 2001. The ashes of both Brett and Arkie were scattered in the garden, as were the ashes of Wendy's father and mother, her twin sister Joyce and her beloved pet dogs.
In 2009, Wendy Whiteley was awarded the Medal of the Order of Australia (OAM) for "service to the community through the establishment and maintenance of a public garden at Lavender Bay, and as a supporter of the visual arts".
In October 2015, the New South Wales Government, which owns the land, agreed to give the North Sydney Council a thirty-year renewable lease on it.
Members of the community are able to help maintain the gardens. These days are co-ordinated by the Lavender Bay Precinct.

## Brett Whiteley's will and other matters

Brett's will became the subject of a major legal dispute. Janice Spencer claimed she had lived with Brett for the last five years of his life, and produced a will that left the estate to her. Arkie Whiteley claimed that her father had hand-written a revised will after his divorce, leaving everything to her, but that the piece of paper was lost. Ultimately, the New South Wales Supreme Court found in Arkie's favour, but permitted Janice Spencer one painting, a large erotic portrait of herself, Sunday Afternoon, Surry Hills, which Brett had painted in 1988 at the height of their relationship. A shortage of money forced her to sell it in 1995, and it attracted $239,000 at auction.
Sandra McGrath's 1979 book Brett Whiteley, dubbed The Blue Book' for its dust jacket featuring the painter's The Jacaranda Tree, was the first major text on the artist. A 1992 updated edition of the Whiteley book, with an interview with the artist that McGrath recorded in 1990 and Whiteley's own thoughts on his art, then being released as a paperback two months after his death, was the subject of a 24 September hearing in the Federal court to examine whether allegedly offensive material infringed copyright as claimed by solicitors for stakeholders in the artist's estate. They also asserted that Whiteley's assent for colour reproduction of his works in the first, hardback edition would not cover the monochrome reprints in the new paperback. The publicity attracted attention and sales, though the publisher's agent Tom Thompson challenged journalist Andrew Main to 'let us know' if he found any 'offensive' passages. Ensnared in the controversy and after the court in October 1992 ordered the withdrawal of the paperbacks, Thompson resigned under pressure from Angus & Robertson. Crime writer Susan Geason in 1996 considered that:
   Sandra McGrath's book – Brett Whiteley – is as good as you'll get on the paintings, I suspect, and it's a complete mystery why the Whiteley women had the revised edition pulped. Apart from a paragraph or so about the existence of The Mistress, it's totally harmless. Hell hath no fury...
McGrath started to write another, more extensive Whiteley book with interviews of his friends and associates including Bob Dylan before HarperCollins, an imprint of Angus & Robertson, withdrew their interest, while others including Graeme Blundell, Margot Hilton, Blanche d'Alpuget, Frannie Hopkirk, and Barry Pierce, drafted or published further biographies. Spencer moved to Byron Bay and wrote The Last Five Years with Brett Whiteley, which was never published. She died of a heroin overdose in Brisbane, Queensland in August 2000, aged 41.
Arkie's first marriage, to Christopher Kuhn, ended in divorce. Arkie left Wendy the bulk of the artworks she had inherited from Brett, and those works as well as Wendy's own collection of Brett's paintings and artefacts became the genesis of the Brett Whiteley Studio. Before her death in 2001, Arkie had commenced negotiations with the Art Gallery of New South Wales for them to take over and manage the studio, and these negotiations were later successfully concluded by Wendy.

## Public life

Wendy Whiteley has become a well-known figure in Australia's artistic life. She appears at gallery openings, as a judge at art competitions, gives talks about Brett Whiteley, arranges and curates exhibitions of his work, and presents winners of the Brett Whiteley Travelling Art Scholarship with their prizes, on behalf of the late benefactress, Brett's mother Beryl Whiteley OAM.
She was the subject of an ABC TV Australian Story program in 2004, and has had magazine articles written about her from time to time.
For the Archibald Prize, a prize that Brett Whiteley won twice, in 1976 and 1978, Wendy has been the sitter for portraits by Danelle Bergstrom, Garry Shead and John Phillips; none of which won the award.
On 8 December 2008, Wendy Whiteley was Andrew Denton's final guest on ABC TV Enough Rope. She was interviewed by Peter Thompson on ABC TV's Talking Heads on 10 August 2009.