# Shivaji in popular culture

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Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj (1630–1680 CE), was the founder of the Maratha Empire in India. He is considered a prominent historical figure in India. A number of films, books, plays and television serials have been produced about his life and about figures associated with him.

## Books

* Shriman Yogi by Ranjit Desai
* Rajeshri by Nagnath S. Inamdar
* Shivaji and his times by Jadunath Sarkar
* Shivaji, the grand rebel by Dennis Kincaid
* Vedaat Marathi Veer Daudale Saat - Bashir Momin (Kavathekar).
* Bhangale Swapna Maharashtra - Bashir Momin (Kavathekar)
* Raygadala Jevha Jaag Yete
* Sadashib series by Saradindu Bandopadhyay

## Films

| Year | Name of the film | Film Company | Language | Cast and Crew | Notes |
| 1923 | Sinhagad | Maharashtra Film Company | Silent film | Cast-V. Shantaram, Baburao Painter. Director-Baburao Painter | Sinhagad proved so popular that it attracted the Revenue Department's attention to bring about introduction of Entertainment Tax. |
| 1924 | Kalyan Khajina | Maharashtra Film Company | Silent film | Sultana, Baburao Painter, Master Vithal Director-Baburao Painter | Together, Sinhagad and Kalyan Khajina won a medal at the Wembley Exhibition, London. One newspaper, Daily Express, described the films as full of strangely wistful beauty, and acted with extraordinary grace. |
| 1925 | Chhatrapati Sambhaji | United Pictures Syndicate | Silent film | Cast-Parshwanath Yeshwant Altekar. Director-Narayanrao D. Sarpotdar | |
| 1927 | Netaji Palkar | Maharashtra Film Company | Silent film | Cast-Ansuya, Balasaheb Yadav, Ganpat Bakre, Zunzarrao Pawar Director-V. Shantaram, k.dhaiber | |
| 1927 | Thoratanchi Kamala | United Pictures Syndicate | Silent film | Director-Narayanrao D. Sarpotdar | |
| 1928 | Ganimi Kawa | Aryan Film Co. | Silent film | Cast- Durgabai, Amboo (Lalita Pawar), P. N. Varne. Director-Narayanrao D. Sarpotdar | |
| 1929 | Bajiprabhu Deshpande | Maharashtra Film Company | Silent film | Director-Baburao Painter | |
| 1930 | Udaykal | Prabhat Film Company | Silent film | Cast-V.Shantaram Director-V.Shantaram | The original title of the film was Swarajya Toran (the flag of freedom) and the film was about Shivaji Maratha's fight against the Mughal rulers. Both these facts drew censorship – the title had to be changed and the story was frowned upon. Mahatma Gandhi's call for Civil Disobedience, the Dandi March against the Salt Law formed the political background of the period and the colonial government saw in the film an endorsement of the Mahatma's actions. |
| 1931 | Bhawani Talwar | Aryan Film Co. | Silent film | Director-Narayanrao D. Sarpotdar | |
| 1932 | Sinhagad | Prabhat Film Company | Marathi | Director-V. Shantaram | Based on Hari Narayan Apte's novel Gad Aala Pan Sinha Gela. |
| 1934 | Chatrapati Sambhaji | Saraswati Cinetone Company | Marathi | Cast-Master Vithal, director- Parshwanath Yeshwant Altekar | |
| 1934 | Shakakarta Shivaji | Shri Jaidevi Cinetone Company | Marathi | Directed by Nagendra Majumdar, starring Madhav Kale, Muzumdar, Athavale, Madhukar Gupte, B. Apte, Master Amritlal, Master Umesh, Gohar Karnataki, Indira Wadkar | |
| 1936 | Sant Tukaram | Prabhat Film Company | Marathi | Cast – Vishnupant Pagnis as Tukaram, Gauri as Jijai, B. Nandrekar, Shankar Kulkarni, Kusum Bhagwat, Shanta Majumdar, Master Chhotu, Pandit Damle Director – Visnhupant Damle, S Fatelal | The film was screened at the 1937 Venice Film Festival and was the first Indian film to get a screening at an international film festival. The film was adjudged as one of the three best films of the year in the World, the other two being Maria Nover of Hungary and Flying Doctor from Australia. |
| 1937 | Swarajya Seemevar | Prince Shivaji Productions | Marathi | , starring Col. Nanasaheb Hungle, Kumar Dilip, Nanasaheb Phatak, Shankarrao Bhonsale, Jayshree Ghorpade, Master Suresh, Dinkar Kamhana, Raja Pandit, Samar Director-Major Dadasaheb Nimbalkar, Story, Screenplay, Dialogues and Lyrics by Bhalji Pendharkar, Music by Dada Chandekar | |
| 1939 | Baji Prabhu Deshpande | Maharashtra Pictures | Marathi | | |
| 1939 | Netaji Palkar | Arun Pictures | Marathi | Cast-Lalita pawar, Master Vithal, Bhalji Pendharkar Director-Bhalji Pendharkar | |
| 1939 | Bhagwa Zhenda | Saraswati Cinetone | Marathi | | |
| 1940 | Raigad | Bhagyodaya Pictures | Marathi | N. G. Deware Main Cast: Pramod Pawar, Shashank Udapurkar. (G. S. Devre) | |
| 1941 | Thoratanchi Kamala | Famous Arun Chitra | Marathi | Cast- Chandrakant, Sumati Gupta, Nanasaheb Phatak Director- Bhalji Pendharkar | |
| 1943 | Bahirji Naik | | Marathi | Cast- Suryakant, Master Vithal Director- Bhalji Pendharkar | |
| 1947 | Jai Bhawani | Prabhakar Chitra | Marathi | Cast- Suryakant, Master vithal. Director- Jaishankar Danve | |
| 1949 | Shilanganache Sone | Prabhakar Chitra | Marathi | Cast- Suryakant, Shanta Apte, Baburao Pendharkar, Master Vithal, Hansa Wadkar. Director- Bhalji Pendharkar. | |
| 1950 | Kalyan Khajina | Manik Chitra | Marathi | Directed by D. S. Aambapkar, starring Durga Khote, Rajan, Baburao Pendharkar, Usha Kiran, Hansha Wadkar | Music: Datta Davajekar |
| 1951 | Mard Maratha | Suramya Chitra | Marathi | Directed by Keshavrao Talpade starring Usha Kiran, Vivek, Master Chotu, Vasant Shinde, Sudha Apte | Music: Shridhar Parsekar |
| 1951 | Swarajyacha Sheeledar | Shree Gauri Chitra | Marathi | Cast- Suryakant, Chandrakant. Director-Master Vithal. | Music Director: Datta Davjekar |
| 1952 | Chhatrapati Shivaji | Prabhakar Chitra | Marathi | Directed by Bhalji Pendharkar Starring Chandrakant, Jagirdar, Baburao Pendarkar, Alatekar, Master vittal, Leela, Vanmala, Sakuntala, Ratnamala, Ranjana and Lalita Pawar Music Director-C.Ramchandran | |
| 1952 | Naraveer Tanaji | Kohinoor Production | Marathi | starring Durga Khote, Master Vithal | Music: Sudhir Phadke, Lyricist: G.D. Madgulkar, singers:Asha Bhosle, Sudhir Phadke, Amar Sheikh |
| 1952 | Pratapgad | Navayug amrit chitra | Marathi | | |
| 1952 | Chhatrapati Shivaji | | Hindi | Cast-Prithviraj Kapoor, Lata mangeshkar | |
| 1954 | Maharani Yesubai | | Marathi | Director-Bhalji Pendharkar | |
| 1956 | Pawankhind | JayBhavani Chitra | Marathi | Cast- Baburao Pendharkar, Suryakant and Master Vithal Director-Bhalji Pendharkar | |
| 1957 | Naikinicha Sajja | JayBhavani Chitra | Marathi | Director-Bhalji Pendharkar, Music Director-Hemant Kumar | |
| 1963 | Mohityanchi Manjula | Jaybhavani Chitra | Marathi | Cast-Suryakant, Jayshree Gadkar, Chittaranjan Kolhatkar, Baburao Pendharkar, and Master Vithal Director-Bhalji Pendharkar | Written by Muktak Aklujkar, Singer : Lata Mangeshkar |
| 1963 | Thorataanchi Kamala | Surel Chitra | Marathi | Cast -Suryakant, Uma, Chandrakant, Indira Chitnis, Vasant Shinde, Chitra, Tara, Manikraj, Baburao Pendharkar, Barchibahadar, Ganpat Patil, Gulab Mokashi, Ranjana, Jog, Shankarrao Bhosale, Kamal Jamenis.Produced and Directed by Madhav Shinde, | Music: Datta Davjekar, Lyrics: Kavi Sanjeev and Suryakant Khandekar, Story, Screenplay and Dialogues by Bhalji Pendharkar, Playback Singer : Lata Mangeshkar, Asha Bhosale, Usha Mangeshkar, Meena Khadikar |
| 1964 | Maratha Tituka Melwava | JayBhawani Chitra | Marathi | Cast- Alhaad, Kashinath Ghanekar, Chandrakant Gokhale, Sulochana Latkar, Rajshekar, Jivankala Director-Bhalji Pendharkar, Music: Anandghan (Lata Mangeshkar) | Lyrics: Shanta Shelke, Singer : Hridaynath Mangeshkar, Popular song-शूर अम्ही सरदार अम्हला काय कुनाची भीती ?देव, देश अन्‌ धर्मापायी प्राण घेतलं हाती ! |
| 1964 | Santa Tukaram | Ganesh Prasad Movies | Kannada | Cast-Dr. Raj Kumar, Leelavathi, Uday, Rajashri, Pandharibai, Sundarrao Nadkarni, Director- Sundararao Nadkarni, Lyrics- Chi. Sadashivaiah, Music- Vijayabhaskar | Silver medal (Rajat Kamal) for best film in Kannada |
| 1965 | Raigadcha Rajbandhi | Swanand Chitra | Marathi | Directed by Raja Thakur, Starring Sulochana, Durga Khote, Chittaranjan Kolhatkar, Chandrakant Gokhale, Ganpat Patil | Producer: Raja Badhe, Music: D.P. Korgaonkar, Lyricist: Raja Badhe, Singers: Shahir Piraji Sarnaik |
| 1968 | Dhanya te Santaji Dhanaji | Sahyadri Pictures | Marathi | Cast-Suryakant, chandrakant, Mama Pendse, uma, ratnamala, sujata and nargis banu Produced and Directed by Madhav Shinde, Music-Vasant Desai | |
| 1973 | Bhakta Tukaram (Telugu: భక్త తుకారాం) | | Telugu | Cast-Akkineni Nageshwara Rao as Tukaram and Shivaji Ganesan as Sivaji | |
| 1974 | Raja ShivChhatrapati | Shivshakti Production | Marathi | Directed by Chandravadan, Starring Shriram Gojamgunde, Sumati Gupte, Smita Patil, Anupama, Kanan Kaushal, Veena, Bharat Kapoor, Chandrashekhar, Iftekar, Shrikant Moghe, Gajanan Jagirdar, Chandrakant Gokhle, Harindnath Chattopaddhyay, Malati Pendharkar, Girija Pendharkar, Charushila Oak, Vasant Athawale, Viju Khote, Bindu, Mahipal. | |
| 1978 | Netaji Palkar | Bani Enterprises | Marathi | Cast- Suryakant, Rajshekhar, Chittaranjan Kolhatkar, Ganpat Patil, Kamini Bhatiya, Kuldeep Pawar, Ranjeet Budhkar, Sanjivni Beedkar, Sarla Yeolekar. Director-Kamlakar Torane, Music Director-Ram Kadam | |
| 1981 | Ganimi Kawa | Sohadam Chitra | Marathi | Starring Dada Kondke, Usha Chavan, Yashwant Dutt and Suryakant | |
| 1981 | Bal Shivaji | Children's Film Society | Marathi, Documentary | Cast- Anand Joshi, Bhalchandra Kulkarni, Madhu Aapte, Manikraj, Javavi Khandekar. Director- Prabhakar Pendharkar. | |
| 1987 | Sher Shivaji | Maharashtra Govt | Hindi | Cast-Parikshat Sahni, Smita Patil, Amrish Puri, Asrani, Shreeram Lagoo, Ramesh Deo, Jayashree Gadkar, Vijaya Mehta Director-Ram Gabale Music Director-Sudhir Phadke | |
| 1987 | Sarja | Dattatray Chitra | Marathi | Cast- Ajinkya Dev, Pooja, Ravindra Mahajani, Seema Deo, Nilu Phule, Ramesh Dev, Kuldeep Pawar, Director- Rajdutt Music Director- Hridaynath Mangeshkar, Singer-Suresh Wadkar, Lata mangeshkar | National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Marathi in 35th National Film Awards year-1987 |
| 2009 | Me Shivajiraje Bhosale Boltoy | Santosh Manjrekar | Marathi | Cast-Mahesh Manjrekar as Shivaji, Sachin Khedekar as Dinkar Bhosale, Makarand Anaspure as Raiba, Siddarth Jadhav as Usman Parker, Suchitra Bandekar as Sumitra Bhosale, Priya Bapat as Shashikala Bhosale, Abhijeet Kelkar as Rahul Bhosale, Ganesh Yadav as Nandkumar, Reema Lagoo as Jijabai, Vidyadhar Joshi as Gosalia, Bharat Jadhav- Special appearance as Powada presenter Director-Santosh Manjarekar | Set the record for the biggest opening weekend for a Marathi film Awards- MICTA (Marathi International Cinema & Theatre Awards) 2011 (Best Film, Best Actor Male-Sachin Khedekar, Best Editor-Sarvesh Parab, Best Director-Santosh Manjrekar ) |
| 2011 | Rajmata Jijau | Jijai Chitra | Marathi | Directed by Yashwant Bhalkar, starring Smita Deshmukh, Milind Gunaji, Amol Kolhe and Rahul Solapurkar | The film was based on Madan Patil's book "Jijausaheb". |
| 2018 | Farzand | AA Films | Marathi | Directed by Digpal Lanjekar, starring Ankit Mohan, Chinmay Mandlekar, Mrinal Kulkarni, Sameer Dharmadhikari, Ajay Purkar, Prasad Oak, Mrunmayee Deshpande, Nikhil Raut, Rahul Mendale, Neha Joshi, Aastad Kale, Harish Dhukate | The film is based on the battle of Fort Panhala. |
| 2019 | Fatteshikast | AA Films, Almonds Creations | Marathi | Directed by Digpal Lanjekar, starring Ankit Mohan, Chinmay Mandlekar, Mrinal Kulkarni, Sameer Dharmadhikari, Harish Dhudhade | The film depicts the historical encounter between Chatrapati Shivaji and the subehdar and general of the Mughal army, Shaista Khan at Lal Mahal in Pune. |
| 2019 | Hirkani | Irada Entertainment | Marathi | Directed by Prasad Oak, starring Sonalee Kulkarni, Makarand Deshpande, Oak. | About Hirkani, a woman and mother who lived near the Raigad Fort in Maharashtra during the regime Chhatrapati Shivaji. |
| 2020 | Tanhaji | Ajay Devgn FFilms T-Series | Hindi | Directed by Om Raut, starring Ajay Devgn, Saif Ali Khan, Kajol, Sharad Kelkar | The film is based on Battle of Sinhagad |
| 2022 | Pawankhind | Almonds Creations | Marathi | Directed by Digpal Lanjekar, starring Chinmay Mandlekar, Ajay Purkar, Ankit Mohan, Sameer Dharmadhikari, Harish Dudhade, Mrinal Kulkarni, Prajakta Mali, Ajinkya Nanaware, Rishi Saxena, Astad Kale | The film is based on Battle of Pavan Khind |
| 2022 | Har Har Mahadev | Zee Studios Shree Ganesh Marketing And Films | Marathi | Directed by Abhijeet Deshpande, starring Subodh Bhave, Sharad Kelkar, Amruta Khanvilkar, Nishigandha Wad, Sayali Sanjeev | The film is about the inspirational story of a real battle in which only 300 soldiers, led by Baji Prabhu Deshpande, the commander of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj fought against 12,000 Bijapuri soldiers in the Battle of Pavan Khind. |

## Television

| Name of the Serial | Channel (Language) | Cast and Crew | Note |
| Bharat Ek Khoj, 1988 Television series | Doordarshan (Hindi) | Produced and Directed by Shyam Benegal, Role of Shivaji was portrayed by actorNaseeruddin Shah while Role of Aurangzeb was portrayed by actor Om Puri | Only Episodic Role Part 1 and Part 2 |
| Chhatrapati Shivaji | Doordarshan (Hindi) | A serial by Vinay Apte. | ITA Awards 2001– Best Historical Serial, Best Art Direction (Nitin Desai), Best Costumes- (Pradeep Muley), Best Make Up – (Ashok Pangam) ITA Awards 2003– Best Historical Serial, Best Costumes- (Pradeep Muley), Best Make Up – (Ashok Pangam) |
| Raja ShivChhatrapati | Star Pravah (Marathi) | Serial by Nitin Chandrakant Desai, Cast-Dr Amol Kolhe, Mrinal Kulkarni, Avinash Narkar, Neena Kulkarni, Milind Safai and Yateen Karyekar, | a Marathi television |
| Veer Shivaji | Colors TV channel (Hindi) Zee Tamil (Tamil) Dangal TV (Hindi) | Cast-Paras Arora and Dr. Amol Kolhe – Shivaji Shahaji Raje Bhosle, Shilpa Tulaskar – Jijabai Shahaji Raje Bhosle, Mandar Jadhav – Sambhaji Shahaji Raje Bhosle, Milind Gunaji – Shahaji Raje Bhosle, Palak Jain – Saibai Shivaji Raje Bhosle, Ayesha kaduskar – Soyarabai, Natasha Sinha – Begum Huzur, Ali Hassan – Sultan Hazarat Adil Shah and others Director-Prasad Gavandi, Produced By- Abhimanyu Singh | Hindi television |
| Swarajyarakshak Sambhaji | Zee Marathi | Produced by Jagdamba Creations; Cast - Shantanu Moghe as Shivaji Maharaj, Amol Kolhe as Sambhaji Maharaj, Prateeksha Lonkar as Jijau | Marathi television |
| Jai Bhavani, Jai Shivaji | Star Pravah (Marathi) | Produced by Dashami Creations; Cast - Bhushan Pradhan as Shivaji Maharai, Ajinkya Deo as Baji Prabhu, Kashyap Parulekar as Netaji Palkar, Vishal Nikam as Shiva Kashid, Nishigandha Wad as Jijabai | Marathi television |
| Swarajya Janani Jijamata | Sony Marathi | Produced by Jagdamba Creations; Cast - Amol Kolhe as Shivaji Maharaj, Bhargavi Chirmule and Neena Kulkarni as Jijau | Marathi television |

## Theatre

Following popular marathi plays has been staged in Maharashtra.
* Janata Raja
* "Vedaat Marathi Veer Daudale Saat" - Bashir Momin (Kavathekar).
* "Bhangale Swapna Maharashtra" - Bashir Momin (Kavathekar)
* Raygadala Jevha Jaag Yete