# List of official languages

This is a list of official, or otherwise administratively-recognized, languages of sovereign countries, regions, and supra-national institutions. The article also lists lots of languages which have no administrative mandate as an official language, generally describing these as de facto official languages.

## Official languages of sovereign countries, wholly or partly
### A

Abkhaz:
* Abkhazia (with Russian; independence is disputed)
Afar:
* Djibouti (with Arabic, French, Somali)
* Ethiopia (with Amharic, Oromo, Somali, Tigrinya)
Afrikaans:
* Namibia (with English and German)
* South Africa (with English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, South African Sign Language,Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Aja-Gbe:
* Benin (a national language along with Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official language is French)
Akan (Akuapem Twi, Asante Twi, Fante):
* Ghana (a government-sponsored language along with Ewe-Gbe, Dagaare, Dagbani, Dangme, Ga, Gonja, Kasem, Nzema, the official language is English)
Albanian:
* Albania
* Kosovo (with Serbian)
* Montenegro (in Ulcinj)
* North Macedonia (with Macedonian)
Amharic:
* Ethiopia (with Afar, Oromo, Somali, Tigrinya)
Anii:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Arabic (see also List of countries where Arabic is an official language):
* Algeria (with Berber)
* Bahrain
* Chad (with French)
* Comoros (with French and Comorian)
* Djibouti (with French)
* Egypt
* Eritrea (with Tigrinya and English)
* Iraq (with Kurdish)
* Israel (with Hebrew)
* Jordan
* Kuwait
* Lebanon
* Libya
* Mali (with Tuareg and French)
* Mauritania (with several national languages: Fula, Soninke, Wolof)
* Morocco (with Berber)
* Niger (with French, Buduma, Fula, Gourmanché, Hausa, Kanuri, Songhay-Zarma, Tamasheq, Tasawaq, Tebu)
* Oman
* Palestine
* Qatar
* Saudi Arabia
* Somaliland (with English and Somali; independence is disputed)
* Somalia (with Somali)
* Sudan (with English)
* Syria
* Tunisia
* United Arab Emirates
* Yemen
Araona:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Armenian:
* Armenia
* Artsakh (independence disputed)
Assamese:
* India (with 21 other regional languages, and with English as a link language)
Aymara:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
* Peru (with Spanish and Quechua and other languages)
Ayoreo (Zamuco):
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Azerbaijani:
* Azerbaijan

### B

Balanta:
* Senegal (a national language along with Bassari, Bedik, Fula, Hassaniya, Jola, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon, Safen, Serer, Soninke, Wolof, the official language is French)
Bambara:
* see Manding
* Mali (a national language along with Bomu, Bozo, Dogon, Fula, Mamara, Songhay, Soninke, Syenara, Tamasheq, the official language is French)
Bariba:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Basque:
* Co-official in some autonomous communities of Spain:
** Basque Country
** Navarre; both with Spanish
Bassari:
* Senegal (a national language along with Balanta, Bedik, Fula, Hassaniya, Jola, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon, Safen, Serer, Soninke, Wolof, the official language is French)
Baure:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Bedik:
* Senegal (a national language along with Balanta, Bassari, Fula, Hassaniya, Jola, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon, Safen, Serer, Soninke, Wolof, the official language is French)
Belarusian:
* Belarus (with Russian)
Bengali:
* Bangladesh
* India (with 21 other regional languages, and with English as a link language)
* Sierra Leone
Berber:
* Algeria (with Arabic)
* Morocco (with Arabic)
Biali:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Bislama:
* Vanuatu (with English and French)
Boko:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Bomu:
* Mali (a national language along with Bambara, Bozo, Dogon, Fula, Mamara, Songhay, Soninke, Syenara, Tamasheq, the official language is French)
Bosnian:
* Bosnia and Herzegovina (with Croatian, Serbian) (de facto)
Bozo:
* Mali (a national language along with Bambara, Bomu, Dogon, Fula, Mamara, Songhay, Soninke, Syenara, Tamasheq, the official language is French)
Buduma:
* Niger (with French, Arabic, Fula, Gourmanché, Hausa, Kanuri, Songhay-Zarma, Tamasheq, Tasawaq, Tebu)
Bulgarian:
* Bulgaria
Burmese:
* Myanmar (formerly Burma)

### C

Canichana:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Cantonese:
* Hong Kong (using Traditional Chinese characters); with Mandarin Chinese and English
* Macau (using Traditional Chinese characters); with Mandarin Chinese and Portuguese
Catalan:
* Andorra,
* Co-official in some autonomous communities of Spain:
** Balearic Islands
** Catalonia
** Valencian Community; all with Spanish
Cavineña:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Cayubaba:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Chácobo:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Chichewa:
* Malawi (with English)
* Zimbabwe (with English, Shona, Ndebele, Chirbawe, Kalanga, "Koisan" (Tshuwau), Nambya, Ndau, Zimbabwean sign language, Tonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)
Chimané:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Chinese, Mandarin:
* Mainland China (using Simplified Chinese characters)
* Macau (using both Simplified Chinese characters and Traditional Chinese characters)
* Hong Kong (using both Simplified Chinese characters and Traditional Chinese characters; with Cantonese and English)
* Singapore (using Simplified Chinese characters; with English, Malay and Tamil)
* Taiwan (using Traditional Chinese characters; other official languages of Taiwan are Formosan languages, Taiwanese Hokkien, Hakka and Taiwan Sign Language.)
Chirbawe (Sena):
* see Sena
Comorian
* Comoros (with Arabic and French)
Corsican :
* France (with French)
* Corsica
Croatian:
* Croatia
* Bosnia and Herzegovina (with Bosnian and Serbian) (de facto)
Czech:
* Czech Republic
* Slovakia (legislation states that a person using Czech language at a Slovak institution must be treated as if using Slovak language)

### D

Dagaare:
* Ghana (a government-sponsored language along with Akan (Akuapem Twi, Ashante Twi, Fante), Ewe-Gbe, Dagbani, Dangme, Ga, Gonja, Kasem, Nzema, the official language is English)
Dagbani:
* Ghana (a government-sponsored language along with Akan (Akuapem Twi, Ashante Twi, Fante), Ewe-Gbe, Dagaare, Dangme, Ga, Gonja, Kasem, Nzema, the official language is English)
Dangme
* Ghana (a government-sponsored language along with Akan (Akuapem Twi, Ashante Twi, Fante), Ewe-Gbe, Dagaare, Dagbani, Ga, Gonja, Kasem, Nzema, the official language is English)
Danish:
* Denmark
* Faroe Islands (with Faroese)
Dari:
* Afghanistan (a local variant of Persian, but defined as "Dari" in the Afghan constitution; together with Pashto)
Dendi:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Dhivehi:
* Maldives
Dioula:
* see Manding
* Burkina Faso (a national language along with Fula, Mossi and other languages, the official language is French)
Dogon:
* Mali (a national language along with Bambara, Bomu, Bozo, Fula, Mamara, Songhay, Soninke, Syenara, Tamasheq, the official language is French)
Dutch:
* Belgium (official language with French and German)
    sole official language in:
   * Flanders
    co-official language in:
   * Brussels (with French)
* The Netherlands (sole official language in every province except Friesland, where West Frisian is co-official and the BES islands, where Papiamento and English are co-official)
** Aruba (with Papiamento)
** Curaçao (with Papiamento and English)
** Sint Maarten (with English)
* Suriname
Dzongkha:
* Bhutan

### E

English (see also List of countries where English is an official language):
* Australia
* The Bahamas
* Barbados
* Belize
* Botswana (but the national language is Tswana)
* Cameroon (with French)
* Canada (with French)
** Ontario (de facto; with limited French)
** Quebec (with French)
** Nova Scotia (de facto; with limited French & Gaelic)
** New Brunswick (with French)
** Manitoba (with French)
** British Columbia (de facto; with limited French)
** Prince Edward Island (de facto; with limited French)
** Saskatchewan (de facto; with limited French)
** Alberta (de facto; with limited French)
** Newfoundland and Labrador (de facto; with limited French, Innu-aimun, & Inuttut)
** Northwest Territories (with 10 others)
** Yukon (with French)
** Nunavut (with Inuit & French)
* Curaçao (with Dutch and Papiamento)
* Dominica
* England
* Eritrea (with Tigrinya and Arabic)
* Eswatini (with Swati)
* Fiji (with Bau Fijian and Fiji Hindi)
* Gambia
* Ghana (with Akan (Akuapem Twi, Ashante Twi, Fante), Ewe-Gbe, Dagaare, Dagbani, Dangme, Ga, Gonja, Kasem, Nzema)
* Grenada
* Guyana
* Hong Kong (with Cantonese and Mandarin Chinese)
* India (with 22 regional languages)
* Republic of Ireland ("second official"; with Irish)
* Jamaica
* Kenya (with Swahili)
* Kiribati
* Lesotho (with Sotho)
* Liberia
* Malawi (with Chichewa)
* Malaysia (de facto official language with Malay; still serves as official and national language with Malay in Sabah and Sarawak)
* Malta (with Maltese)
* Marshall Islands (with Marshallese)
* Mauritius (with French)
* Micronesia, Federated States of
* Namibia (Afrikaans, German, and Oshiwambo are spoken regionally)
* Nauru (with Nauruan)
* New Zealand (with Māori and New Zealand Sign Language)
* Nigeria (with Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba)
* Pakistan (with Urdu as the national language)
* Palau (with Palauan)
* Papua New Guinea (with Tok Pisin and Hiri Motu)
* Philippines (with Filipino)
* Rwanda (with French and Kinyarwanda)
* Saint Kitts and Nevis
* Saint Lucia
* Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
* Samoa (with Samoan)
* Seychelles (with Seychellois Creole and French)
* Sierra Leone
* Singapore (with Chinese, Malay, Tamil)
* Sint Maarten (with Dutch)
* Solomon Islands
* Somaliland (with Arabic and Somali; independence is disputed)
* South Africa (with Afrikaans, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
* South Sudan
* Sri Lanka (with Sinhala and Tamil)
* Sudan (with Arabic)
* Tanzania (with Swahili)
* Tonga (with Tongan)
* Trinidad and Tobago
* Tuvalu (with Tuvaluan)
* Uganda (with Swahili)
* United Kingdom (de facto; individual countries in the UK have statutorily defined official languages, but the UK as a whole does not)
* United States
* Vanuatu (with Bislama and French)
* Zambia
* Zimbabwe (with Shona, Ndebele, Chewa, Chirbawe, Kalanga, "Koisan" (Tshuwau), Nambya, Ndau, Zimbabwean sign language, Tonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)
Ese Ejja:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Estonian:
* Estonia
Ewe-Gbe:
* Ghana (a government-sponsored language along with Akan (Akuapem Twi, Ashante Twi, Fante), Dagaare, Dagbani, Dangme Ga, Gonja, Kasem, Nzema, the official language is English)
* Togo (with French and Kabye)

### F

Faroese:
* Faroe Islands
* Denmark
Fijian:
* Fiji (with English and Fiji Hindi)
Filipino:
* Philippines (with English)
Finnish:
* Finland (with Swedish)
Fon-Gbe:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Foodo:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Formosan:
* Taiwan (other national languages of Taiwan are Mandarin, Taiwanese Hokkien, Hakka and Taiwan Sign Language.)
French (see also List of countries where French is an official language):
* Belgium (official language with Dutch and German)
    sole official language in:
   * Wallonia (except for the Canton of Eupen and the Canton of Sankt Vith, where German is the official language)
    co-official language in:
   * Brussels (with Dutch)
* Benin (with several national languages: Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba)
* Burkina Faso (with several national languages including Dioula, Fula, Mossi)
* Burundi (with Kirundi)
* Cameroon (with English)
* Canada (with English)
** Quebec (with limited English)
** New Brunswick (with English)
** Manitoba (with English)
** Northwest Territories (with 10 others)
** Yukon (with English)
** Nunavut (with Inuit & English)
* Central African Republic (with Sango)
* Chad (with Arabic)
* Comoros (with Arabic and Comorian)
* Ivory Coast
* Democratic Republic of the Congo
* Djibouti (with Arabic)
* Equatorial Guinea (with Spanish and Portuguese)
* France
** French Guiana
** French Polynesia
** French Loyalty Islands
** French Southern and Antarctic Lands
** Scattered islands in the Indian Ocean
** Guadeloupe
** Martinique
** Mayotte
** New Caledonia
** Réunion
** Saint Barthélemy
** Saint Martin
** Saint Pierre and Miquelon
** Wallis and Futuna
** (Adélie Land)
** (Clipperton Island)
* Gabon
* Guernsey (with English)
* Guinea (with several national languages: Fula, Kissi, Kpelle, Malinke, Susu, Toma, Oniyan, Wamey)
* Haiti (with Haitian Creole)
* Italy
** Aosta Valley (with Italian)
* Jersey (with English)
* Luxembourg (with German and Luxembourgish)
* Madagascar (with Malagasy)
* Mali (with several national languages: Bambara, Bomu, Bozo, Dogon, Fula, Mamara, Songhay, Soninke, Syenara, Tamasheq)
* Mauritius (with English)
* Monaco
* Niger (with Arabic, Buduma, Fula, Gourmanché, Hausa, Kanuri, Songhay-Zarma, Tamasheq, Tasawaq, Tebu)
* Rwanda (with English and Kinyarwanda)
* Senegal (with several national languages: Balanta, Bassari, Bedik, Fula, Hassaniya, Jola, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon, Safen, Serer, Soninke, Wolof)
* Seychelles (with Seychellois Creole and English)
* Switzerland (National and official language with German, Italian, and (Romansh))
    Official language in:
   * Canton of Geneva
   * Canton of Vaud
   * Canton of Jura
   * Canton of Neuchâtel
   * Canton of Fribourg (with German)
   * Canton of Bern (with German)
   * Canton of Valais (with German)
* Togo (with Ewe-Gbe and Kabye)
* Vanuatu (with Bislama and English)
Fula:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
* Burkina Faso (a national language along with Dioula, Mossi and other languages, the official language is French)
* Guinea (a national language along with Kissi, Kpelle, Malinke, Susu, Toma, Oniyan, Wamey, the official language is French)
* Mali (a national language along with Bambara, Bomu, Bozo, Dogon, Mamara, Songhay, Soninke, Syenara, Tamasheq, the official language is French)
* Mauritania (a national language along with Soninke, Wolof, the official language is Arabic)
* Niger (with French, Arabic, Buduma, Gourmanché, Hausa, Kanuri, Songhay-Zarma, Tamasheq, Tasawaq, Tebu)
* Senegal (a national language along with Balanta, Bassari, Bedik, Hassaniya, Jola, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon, Safen, Serer, Soninke, Wolof, the official language is French)

### G

Ga:
* Ghana (a government-sponsored language along with Akan (Akuapem Twi, Ashante Twi, Fante), Ewe-Gbe, Dagaare, Dagbani, Dangme, Gonja, Kasem, Nzema, the official language is English)
Gàidhlig:
* Scotland (along with English and Scots)
Gbe:
* see Aja-Gbe, Ewe-Gbe, Fon-Gbe, Gen-Gbe, Waci-Gbe, Xwela-Gbe
Gen-Gbe:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Georgian:
* Georgia
* South Ossetia (with Ossetian and Russian; independence is disputed)
* Abkhazia (with Georgian according to the Georgian constitution; independence is disputed)
German:
* Austria (with Hungarian, Burgenland Croatian, and Slovene)
* Belgium (official language with Dutch and French)
    sole official language in:
   * Canton of Eupen
   * Canton of Sankt Vith
* Brazil
** Antônio Carlos
** Santa Maria do Herval
** Domingos Martins
** Laranja da Terra
** Pancas
** Santa Maria de Jetibá
** Vila Pavão
** Pomerode
** Canguçu
* Germany
* Liechtenstein
* Luxembourg (with French and Luxembourgish)
* Italy (in South Tyrol)
* Namibia (with Afrikaans and English)
* Switzerland (National and official language with French, Italian, and (Romansh))
    Official language in 21 cantons:
   * 17 of the 26 cantons (monolingually German)
   * Canton of Grisons (with Italian and Romansh)
   * Canton of Bern (with French)
   * Canton of Fribourg (with French)
   * Canton of Valais (with French)
Gonja:
* Ghana (a government-sponsored language along with Akan (Akuapem Twi, Ashante Twi, Fante), Ewe-Gbe, Dagaare, Dagbani, Dangme, Ga, Kasem, Nzema, the official language is English)
Gourmanché
* Niger (with French, Arabic, Buduma, Fula, Hausa, Kanuri, Songhay-Zarma, Tamasheq, Tasawaq, Tebu)
Greek:
* Greece
* Cyprus (with Turkish)
* Albania (Greek Minority Zone of Himara, Finiq and Dervican with Albanian)
Guaraní:
* Paraguay (with Spanish)
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Aymara and 33 other languages)
Guarayu:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Gujarati:
* India

### H

Haitian Creole:
* Haiti (with French)
Hakka:
* Taiwan (other national languages of Taiwan are Mandarin, Taiwanese Hokkien, Formosan languages and Taiwan Sign Language.)
Hassaniya:
* Senegal (a national language along with Balanta, Bassari, Bedik, Fula, Jola, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon, Safen, Serer, Soninke, Wolof, the official language is French)
Hausa:
* Niger (with French, Arabic, Buduma, Fula, Gourmanché, Kanuri, Songhay-Zarma, Tamasheq, Tasawaq, Tebu)
* Nigeria (with English, Igbo and Yoruba)
Hebrew:
* Israel (with Arabic)
Hindi:
* India ("official language of the Union"; with English; 21 other regional languages namely Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, Gujarati, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam, Meitei (Manipuri), Marathi, Nepali, Odia, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Santhali, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu)
* Fiji (with English and Bau Fijian; known constitutionally as Fiji Hindi as an umbrella term to cover Standard Hindi, Urdu, as well as other Hindustani dialects)
Hiri Motu:
* Papua New Guinea (with English and Tok Pisin)
Hungarian:
* Hungary

### I

Igbo:
* Nigeria (with English, Hausa and Yoruba)
Ignaciano Moxos:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Icelandic:
* Iceland
Indonesian:
* Indonesia (a standardized dialect of Malay)
* East Timor (a minority working language in East Timor)
Irish:
* Republic of Ireland ("national"; with English being "second official")
Italian:
* Italy
* Croatia
** Istria County (with Croatian)
* San Marino
* Slovenia
** Slovenian Istria (with Slovene)
* Switzerland (National and official language with French, German, and (Romansh))
    Official language in:
   * Canton of Ticino
   * Canton of Grisons (with German and Romansh)
* Vatican City (with Latin)
Itene:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Itonama:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)

### J

Japanese:
* Japan (de facto)
* Palau (Angaur)
Javanese:
* native to Java; Indonesia
** Special region of Yogyakarta
Jola:
* Senegal (a national language along with Balanta, Bassari, Bedik, Fula, Hassaniya, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon, Safen, Serer, Soninke, Wolof, the official language is French)

### K

Kabye:
* Togo (with French and Ewe-Gbe)
Kalanga:
* Zimbabwe (with English, Shona, Ndebele, Chewa, Chirbawe, Tshuwau ("Koisan"), Nambya, Ndau, Zimbabwean sign language, Tonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)
Kallawaya:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Kannada:
* India in the state of Karnataka (with 21 other regional Languages, Hindi and English as the languages of Union of India)
Kanuri:
* Niger (with French, Arabic, Buduma, Fula, Gourmanché, Hausa, Songhay-Zarma, Tamasheq, Tasawaq, Tebu)
Kasem:
* Ghana (a government-sponsored language along with Akan (Akuapem Twi, Ashante Twi, Fante), Ewe-Gbe, Dagaare, Dagbani, Dangme, Ga, Gonja, Nzema, the official language is English)
Kazakh:
* Kazakhstan (with Russian)
Khmer:
* Cambodia
Kinyarwanda:
* Rwanda (with French and English)
Kirundi:
* Burundi (with French)
Kissi
* Guinea (a national language along with Fula, Kpelle, Malinke, Susu, Toma, Oniyan, Wamey, the official language is French)
"Koisan" (Tshuwau):
* Zimbabwe (with English, Shona, Ndebele, Chewa, Chirbawe, Kalanga, Nambya, Ndau, Zimbabwean sign language, Tonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)
Korean:
* North Korea
* South Korea (with Korean Sign Language)
Korean Sign Language:
* South Korea (with Korean)
Kpelle:
* Guinea (a national language along with Fula, Kissi, Malinke, Susu, Toma, Oniyan, Wamey, the official language is French)
Kurdish:
* Iraq (with Arabic)
Kyrgyz:
* Kyrgyzstan (with Russian)

### L

Lao:
* Laos
Latin:
* Holy See
* Hungary
* Croatia
* Poland
Latvian:
* Latvia
Leco:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Lithuanian:
* Lithuania
Lukpa:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Luxembourgish:
* Luxembourg (with French and German)

### M

Macedonian:
* North Macedonia (with Albanian)
Malagasy:
* Madagascar (with French)
Malay:
* Malaysia (with de facto official language English)
* Brunei
* Singapore (with English, Chinese and Tamil)
* Indonesia (a standardized local dialect of Malay, but treated as the separate language in Indonesia)
Malinke:
* see Manding
* Guinea (a national language along with Fula, Kissi, Kpelle, Susu, Toma, Oniyan, Wamey, the official language is French)
Maltese:
* Malta (with English)
Mamara:
* Mali (a national language along with Bambara, Bomu, Bozo, Dogon, Fula, Songhay, Soninke, Syenara, Tamasheq, the official language is French)
Manding (Mandinka, Malinke):
* see Bambara, Dioula, Malinke, Mandinka
Mandinka:
* see Manding
* Senegal (a national language along with Balanta, Bassari, Bedik, Fula, Hassaniya, Jola, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon, Safen, Serer, Soninke, Wolof, the official language is French)
Mandjak:
* Senegal (a national language along with Balanta, Bassari, Bedik, Fula, Hassaniya, Jola, Mandinka, Mankanya, Noon, Safen, Serer, Soninke, Wolof, the official language is French)
Mankanya:
* Senegal (a national language along with Balanta, Bassari, Bedik, Fula, Hassaniya, Jola, Mandinka, Mandjak, Noon, Safen, Serer, Soninke, Wolof, the official language is French)
Manx Gaelic:
* Isle of Man (with English)
Māori:
* New Zealand (with English and New Zealand Sign Language)
Marshallese:
* Marshall Islands (with English)
Mauritian Creole
* Mauritius
Mbelime:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Meitei (officially known as Manipuri)
* India (along with 21 other scheduled languages recognised by the 8th schedule of the Indian Constitution)
Mongolian:
* Mongolia
Montenegrin:
* Montenegro
Mosetén:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Mossi:
* Burkina Faso (a national language along with Dioula, Fula and other languages, the official language is French)
Movima:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)

### N

Nambya:
* Zimbabwe (with English, Shona, Ndebele, Chewa, Chirbawe, Kalanga, "Koisan" (Tshuwau), Ndau, Zimbabwean sign language, Tonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)
Nateni:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Nauruan
* Nauru (with English)
Ndau:
* Zimbabwe (with English, Shona, Ndebele, Chewa, Chirbawe, Kalanga, "Koisan" (Tshuwau), Nambya, Zimbabwean sign language, Tonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)
Ndebele (Northern):
* South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
* Zimbabwe (with English, Shona, Chewa, Chirbawe, Kalanga, "Koisan" (Tshuwau), Nambya, Ndau, Zimbabwean sign language, Tonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)
Ndebele (Southern):
* South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Nepali:
* Nepal
New Zealand Sign Language:
* New Zealand (with English and Māori)
Noon:
* Senegal (a national language along with Balanta, Bassari, Bedik, Fula, Hassaniya, Jola, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Safen, Serer, Soninke, Wolof, the official language is French)
Northern Sotho:
* South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Norwegian:
* Norway (two official written forms – Bokmål and Nynorsk)
Nzema:
* Ghana (a government-sponsored language along with Akan (Akuapem Twi, Ashante Twi, Fante), Ewe-Gbe, Dagaare, Dagbani, Dangme, Ga, Gonja, Kasem, the official language is English)

### O

Oniyan:
* Guinea (a national language along with Fula, Kissi, Kpelle, Malinke, Susu, Toma, Wamey, the official language is French)
Oriya
* India (with 21 other regional Languages, and with English as a link language)
Oromo:
* Ethiopia
Ossetian:
* South Ossetia (with Russian and Georgian; independence is disputed)

### P

Pakawara:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Palauan:
* Palau (with English)
Papiamento:
* Aruba (with Dutch)
* Curaçao (with Dutch and English)
* Netherlands (Bonaire)
Pashto:
* Afghanistan (with Dari in Afghanistan)
Persian:
* Iran
* Afghanistan (called Dari in Afghanistan; with Pashto)
* Tajikistan (called Tajiki in Tajikistan; with Russian for "inter-ethnic communication")
Polish:
* Poland
Portuguese:
* Angola
* Brazil
* Cape Verde
* East Timor (with Tetum)
* Equatorial Guinea (with Spanish and French)
* Guinea-Bissau
* Macau (with Cantonese)
* Mozambique
* Portugal
* São Tomé and Príncipe
Punjabi:
* India
Puquina:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)

### Q

Quechua:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Aymara, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
* Ecuador (with Shuar and Spanish)
* Peru (with Spanish, Aymara and other languages)

### R

Romanian:
* Romania
* Moldova
Romansh:
* National language in Switzerland (with German, French, and Italian)
** Official language in canton of Grisons (with German and Italian)
Russian:
* Russia (in some regions together with regional languages)
* Abkhazia (with Abkhaz according to the Abkhazian constitution; independence is disputed)
* Belarus (with Belarusian)
* Kazakhstan (with Kazakh)
* Kyrgyzstan (with Kyrgyz)
* South Ossetia (with Ossetian and Georgian; independence is disputed)
* Tajikistan ("inter-ethnic communication"; with Tajik)
* Transnistria (with Moldovan and Ukrainian; independence is disputed)

### S

Safen:
* Senegal (a national language along with Balanta, Bassari, Bedik, Fula, Hassaniya, Jola, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon, Serer, Soninke, Wolof, the official language is French)
Samoan
* Samoa (with English)
Sango
* Sao Pauloan Brazilian Portuguese (Portugues)
* Central African Republic (with French)
Sena:
* Zimbabwe as Chirbawe (with English, Shona, Ndebele, Chewa, Kalanga, "Koisan" (Tshuwau), Nambya, Ndau, Zimbabwean sign language, Tonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)
Scots
* Scotland (With English and Scots Gaelic)
Serbian:
* Serbia
* Bosnia and Herzegovina (with Bosnian, Croatian) (de facto)
* Kosovo (independence is disputed; with Albanian)
Serer:
* Senegal (a national language along with Balanta, Bassari, Bedik, Fula, Hassaniya, Jola, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon, Safen, Soninke, Wolof, the official language is French)
Seychellois Creole
* Seychelles (with French and English)
Shona:
* Zimbabwe (with English, Ndebele, Chewa, Chirbawe, Kalanga, "Koisan" (Tshuwau), Nambya, Ndau, Zimbabwean sign language, Tonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)
Sinhala:
* Sri Lanka (with Tamil, and with English as a link language)
Sirionó:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Slovak:
* Slovakia
* Czech Republic
Slovene:
* Slovenia
Somali:
* Djibouti (with Arabic, French, Afar)
* Somalia (with Arabic)
* Somaliland (with Arabic and English; independence is disputed)
Songhay-Zarma:
* Mali (a national language along with Bambara, Bomu, Bozo, Dogon, Fula, Mamara, Soninke, Syenara, Tamasheq, the official language is French)
* Niger (with French, Arabic, Buduma, Fula, Gourmanché, Hausa, Kanuri, Tamasheq, Tasawaq, Tebu)
Soninke:
* Mali (a national language along with Bambara, Bomu, Bozo, Dogon, Fula, Mamara, Songhay, Syenara, Tamasheq, the official language is French)
* Mauritania (a national language along with Fula, Wolof, the official language is Arabic)
* Senegal (a national language along with Balanta, Bassari, Bedik, Fula, Hassaniya, Jola, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon, Safen, Serer, Wolof, the official language is French)
Sotho:
* Lesotho (with English)
* South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
South African Sign Language
* South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Spanish:
* Argentina (de facto)
* Bolivia (with Aymara, Quechua, Guaraní, and 33 other languages)
* Chile
** Easter Island (with Rapa Nui)
* Colombia
* Costa Rica
* Cuba
* Dominican Republic
* Ecuador (with Quechua and Shuar)
* El Salvador
* Equatorial Guinea (with French and Portuguese)
* Guatemala
* Honduras
* Mexico (de facto)
* Nicaragua
* Panama
* Paraguay (with Guaraní)
* Peru (with Aymara, Quechua and other languages)
* Spain (Aranese, Basque, Catalan, and Galician are co-official in some regions)
* United States (in the US territory of Puerto Rico)
* Uruguay (de facto)
* Venezuela
* Western Sahara (with Arabic)
Susu:
* Guinea (a national language along with Fula, Kissi, Kpelle, Malinke, Toma, Oniyan, Wamey, the official language is French)
Swahili:
* Kenya (with English)
* Rwanda (with English, French and Kinyarwanda)
* Tanzania (de facto; with English)
* Uganda (since 2005; with English)
Swati:
* Eswatini (with English)
* South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Swedish:
* Sweden
* Finland (with Finnish)
* Åland (monolingually Swedish) (an autonomous province under Finnish sovereignty)
Syenara:
* Mali (a national language along with Bambara, Bomu, Bozo, Dogon, Fula, Mamara, Songhay, Soninke, Tamasheq, the official language is French)

### T

Tacana:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Taiwan Sign Language:
* Taiwan (other national languages of Taiwan are Mandarin, Formosan languages, Hakka and Taiwanese Hokkien.)
Taiwanese Hokkien:
* Taiwan (using Traditional Chinese characters and/or pe̍h-oē-jī (Latin letters); other national languages of Taiwan are Mandarin, Formosan languages, Hakka and Taiwan Sign Language.)
Tajik:
* Tajikistan (a variant of Persian written in Cyrillic)
Tagalog:
* see Filipino
Tapieté:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Tamasheq:
* Mali (a national language along with Bambara, Bomu, Bozo, Dogon, Fula, Mamara, Songhay, Soninke, Syenara, the official language is French)
* Niger (with French, Arabic, Buduma, Fula, Gourmanché, Hausa, Kanuri, Songhay-Zarma, Tasawaq, Tebu)
Tamil:
* India in the state of Tamil Nadu and Pondicherry (with 21 other languages, and with [[ Hindi and English language as the link language and official language of Union)
* Singapore (with English, Chinese and Malay)
* Sri Lanka (with Sinhala, and with English as a link language)
Tammari:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Tasawaq:
* Niger (with French, Arabic, Buduma, Fula, Gourmanché, Hausa, Kanuri, Songhay-Zarma, Tamasheq, Tebu)
Tebu:
* Niger (with French, Arabic, Buduma, Fula, Gourmanché, Hausa, Kanuri, Songhay-Zarma, Tamasheq, Tasawaq)
Telugu:
* India (with 21 other regional Languages, and with English as a link language)
Tetum:
* East Timor (with Portuguese)
Thai:
* Thailand
Tigrinya:
* Eritrea (with Arabic and English)
* Ethiopia (with Afar, Amharic, Oromo and Somali)
Tok Pisin:
* Papua New Guinea (with English and Hiri Motu)
Toma:
* Guinea (a national language along with Fula, Kissi, Kpelle, Malinke, Susu, Oniyan, Wamey, the official language is French)
Tonga:
* Zimbabwe (with English, Shona, Ndebele, Chewa, Chirbawe, Kalanga, "Koisan" (Tshuwau), Nambya, Ndau, Zimbabwean sign language, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)
Tongan
* Tonga (with English)
Toromono:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Trinitario Moxos:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Tsonga:
* South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Tswana:
* Botswana (with English)
* South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
* Zimbabwe (with English, Shona, Ndebele, Chewa, Chirbawe, Kalanga, "Koisan" (Tshuwau), Nambya, Ndau, Zimbabwean sign language, Tonga, Venda, Xhosa)
Turkish:
* Turkey
* Cyprus (with Greek)
* Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (independence disputed)
Turkmen:
* Turkmenistan
Tuvaluan
* Tuvalu (with English)

### U

Ukrainian:
* Ukraine
* Transnistria (with Moldovan and Russian; independence is disputed)
Urdu:
* Pakistan (with English)
* India (Urdu dialect and in script it is Sanscrit with 21 other regional languages, and with English as a link language)
Uru-Chipaya:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Uzbek:
* Uzbekistan

### V

Venda:
* South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Xhosa, Zulu)
* Zimbabwe (with English, Shona, Ndebele, Chewa, Chirbawe, Kalanga, "Koisan" (Tshuwau), Nambya, Ndau, Zimbabwean sign language, Tonga, Tswana, Xhosa)
Vietnamese:
* Vietnam

### W

Waama:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Waci-Gbe:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Yobe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Wamey:
* Guinea (a national language along with Fula, Kissi, Kpelle, Malinke, Susu, Toma, Oniyan, the official language is French)
Weenhayek:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Welsh:
* United Kingdom (limited de jure official status in Wales)
Wolof:
* Mauritania (a national language along with Fula, Soninke, the official language is Arabic)
* Senegal (a national language along with Balanta, Bassari, Bedik, Fula, Hassaniya, Jola, Mandinka, Mandjak, Mankanya, Noon, Safen, Serer, Soninke, the official language is French)

### X

Xhosa:
* South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Zulu)
* Zimbabwe (with English, Shona, Ndebele, Chewa, Chirbawe, Kalanga, "Koisan" (Tshuwau), Nambya, Ndau, Zimbabwean sign language, Tonga, Tswana, Venda)
Xwela-Gbe:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Yom, Yoruba, the official languages is French)

### Y

Yaminawa:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Yobe:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yom, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Yom:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Xwela-Gbe, Yoruba, the official languages is French)
Yoruba:
* Benin (a national language along with Aja-Gbe, Anii, Bariba, Biali, Boko, Dendi, Fon-Gbe, Foodo, Fula, Gen-Gbe, Lukpa, Mbelime, Nateni, Tammari, Waama, Waci-Gbe, Yobe, Xwela-Gbe, Yom, the official languages is French)
* Nigeria (with English, Hausa and Igbo)
Yuki:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)
Yuracaré:
* Bolivia (with Spanish, Quechua, Guaraní and 33 other languages)

### Z

Zimbabwean sign language:
* Zimbabwe (with English, Shona, Ndebele, Chewa, Chirbawe, Kalanga, "Koisan" (Tshuwau), Nambya, Ndau, Tonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)
Zulu:
* South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Tswana, Venda, Xhosa)

## List of languages by the number of countries in which they are the most widely used

This is a ranking of languages by number of sovereign countries in which they are de jure or de facto official, co-official, an administrative or working language.
| Language | Number of countries language spoken |
| English | 101 |
| French | 60 |
| Arabic | 51 |
| Standard Chinese | 33 |
| Spanish | 31 |
| Persian | 29 |
| German | 18 |
| Russian | 16 |
| Malay | 13 |
| Portuguese | 12 |

## Official regional and minority languages

Abaza:
* Karachay–Cherkessia (state language; with Cherkess, Karachay, Nogai and Russian)
Adyghe:
* Adygea (state language; with Russian)
Aghul:
* Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)
Aklanon:
* Visayas (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Bikol, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Kinaray-a, Surigaonon, Tagalog, and Waray)
Albanian:
* Kosovo
* North Macedonia (in some municipalities)
* Montenegro (The only official language is Montenegrin, while Albanian is in official use along with Serbian, Bosnian and Croatian)
Altay:
* Altay, Republic of (state language; with Russian)
Arabic:
* Philippines (mainly in Mindanao)
Aranese see Occitan
Armenian:
* Nagorno Karabagh
Aromanian:
* Kruševo
Assamese:
* India (with Hindi, English {as a "subsidiary official language"} and 20 other official languages)
** Assam
Avar:
* Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)
Azeri:
* Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)
Balkar:
* Kabardino-Balkaria (state language; with Kabardian and Russian)
Bashkir:
* Bashkortostan (state language; with Russian)
Basque:
* Basque Autonomous Community (with Spanish)
* Navarre (in some areas with Spanish)
Bengali:
* India (as a "subsidiary official language"} and 20 other official languages; second most spoken Indian Language)
** Andaman and Nicobar Islands
** Assam
** Tripura
** West Bengal
Bikol:
* Luzon and Visayas (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Aklanon, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Ibanag, Ilocano, Ivatan, Kapampangan, Kinaray-a, Pangasinan, Sambal, Surigaonon, Tagalog, and Waray)
Bosnian:
* part of Serbia
** Sandžak region
* Montenegro (with Montenegrin, Albanian, Croatian and Serbian)
Buryat:
* Buryatia (state language; with Russian)
* Zabaykalsky Krai
** Agin-Buryat Okrug (authorized language)
Cantonese Chinese:
* China:
** Some provinces Canton Province (with Mandarin)
** Hong Kong (for Chinese language, Cantonese is spoken de facto; co-official with English)
** Macau (for Chinese language, Cantonese is spoken de facto; co-official with Portuguese)
Catalan:
* parts of Spain
** Balearic Islands (with Spanish)
** Catalonia (with Spanish)
** Valencia (named as Valencian, with Spanish)
* parts of France
** Pyrénées Orientales
* parts of Italy
** Alghero
Cebuano:
* Visayas and Mindanao (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Aklanon, Bikol, Chavacano, Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Kinaray-a, Maguindanao, Maranao, Surigaonon, Tagalog, Tausug, Waray, and Yakan)
Chavacano:
* Mindanao (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Maguindanao, Maranao, Surigaonon, Tagalog, Tausug, and Yakan)
Chechen:
* Chechnya (state language; with Russian)
* Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)
Cherkess:
* Karachay–Cherkessia (state language; with Abaza, Karachay, Nogai and Russian)
Cherokee:
* Cherokee Nation tribal jurisdiction area in Oklahoma, United States.
Chipewyan:
* Northwest Territories (with Cree, English, French, Gwich'in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, North Slavey, South Slavey and Tłįchǫ (Dogrib))
Chukchi:
* Sakha (local official language; in localities with Chukchi population)
Chuvash:
* Chuvashia (state language; with Russian)
Cree:
* Northwest Territories (with Chipewyan, English, French, Gwich'in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, North Slavey, South Slavey and Tłįchǫ (Dogrib))
Crimean Tatar
* Crimea (with Russian and Ukrainian)
Croatian:
* part of Austria
** Burgenland (with German and Hungarian)*part of Italy
** Molise
* part of Serbia
** Vojvodina (with Hungarian, Pannonian Rusyn, Romanian, Serbian and Slovak)
* Montenegro (with Montenegrin, Albanian, Bosnian and Serbian)
Dargwa:
* Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)
Dolgan:
* Sakha (local official language; in localities with Dolgan population)
Dutch:
* The Nord-Pas-de-Calais (France) (French Flemish dialect with French, English for some part of the region)
English:
* parts of Canada:
   * Alberta
   * British Columbia
   * Manitoba (with French)
   * Newfoundland and Labrador
   * Nova Scotia
   * Ontario
   * Prince Edward Island
   * Quebec
   * Saskatchewan
   * New Brunswick (with French)
   * Northwest Territories (with Chipewyan, Cree, French, Gwich'in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, Slavey (North and South) and Tłįchǫ)
   * Nunavut (with Inuktitut, Inuinnaqtun, and French)
   * Yukon (with French)
* The United Kingdom:
   * England
   * Northern Ireland
   * Scotland (with Scottish Gaelic in some municipalities)
   * Wales (with Welsh)
   * Isle of Man (with Manx Gaelic)
   * Guernsey (with French)
   * Jersey (with French)
* parts of the United States. See English-only movement. English is an official language in the following states and territories:
** Alabama
** Alaska
** Arkansas
** California
** Colorado
** Florida
** Georgia
** Hawaii (with Hawaiian language)
** Illinois
** Indiana
** Iowa
** Kentucky
** Massachusetts
** Minnesota
** Mississippi
** Montana
** Nebraska
** New Hampshire
** North Carolina
** North Dakota
** Puerto Rico (with Spanish)
** South Carolina
** South Dakota (with Lakota & Dakota)
** Texas
** Tennessee
** U.S. Virgin Islands
** Utah
** Virginia
** West Virginia
** Wyoming
Erzya:
* Mordovia (state language; with Moksha and Russian)
Even:
* Sakha (local official language; in localities with Even population)
Evenki:
* Sakha (local official language; in localities with Evenki population)
Faroese:
* Faroe Islands (with Danish)
Finnish:
* Karelia (authorized language; with Karelian and Veps)
French:
* parts of Canada
   * New Brunswick (co-official with English)
   * Northwest Territories (with Chipewyan, Cree, English, Gwich'in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, Slavey (North and South) and Tłįchǫ)
   * Nunavut (with English, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut)
   * Quebec
   * Yukon (with English)
* Guernsey (with English)
* Jersey (with English)
* Puducherry (co-official with Tamil in the Union Territory of Puducherry. Also Telugu and Malayalam are its regional official languages)
* part of Italy
** Aosta (co-official with Italian)
* part of United States with Louisiana
Frisian (West):
* The Netherlands: co-official in the province of Friesland (with Dutch)
Friulian:
* The Friuli region of northeastern Italy
Gagauz:
* Gagauzia (Moldova) (with Russian)
Galician:
* part of Spain
** Galicia (with Spanish)
German:
* Italy
** South Tyrol (together with Italian and Ladin)
Greek:
* parts of south Albania
* parts of south Italy
** Salento (Grecia Salentina, together with Italian)
** Calabria (Bovesia, together with Italian)
Guaraní:
* Bolivia
* Paraguay
* in Argentina
** Corrientes Province (co-official with Spanish)
Gujarati:
* India (with 21 other regional languages)
** Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
** Gujarat
Gwich'in:
* Northwest Territories (with Cree, Chipewyan, English, French, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, North Slavey, South Slavey and Tłįchǫ (Dogrib))
Hawaiian:
* Hawaii (with English)
Hiligaynon:
* Visayas and Mindanao (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Aklanon, Bikol, Cebuano, Chavacano, Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Kinaray-a, Maguindanao, Maranao, Surigaonon, Tagalog, Tausug, Waray, and Yakan)
Hindi:
* India (with 21 other regional languages)
** Andaman and Nicobar Islands
** Bihar
** Chhattisgarh
** Delhi Territory
** Haryana
** Jharkhand
** Madhya Pradesh
** Rajasthan
** Uttarakhand
** Uttar Pradesh
Hungarian:
* part of Serbia
** Vojvodina (with Croatian, Serbian, Romanian, Slovak and Ruthenian)
* part of Romania
* part of Slovenia
* part of Croatia
* part of Slovakia
* part of Austria
Ibanag:
* Luzon (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Bikol, Ilocano, Ivatan, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Sambal, and Tagalog)
Ilocano:
* Luzon and Mindanao (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Bikol, Cebuano, Chavacano, Hiligaynon, Ibanag, Ilocano, Ivatan, Kapampangan, Maguindanao, Maranao, Pangasinan, Sambal, Surigaonon, Tagalog, Tausug, and Yakan.)
Ingush:
* Ingushetia (state language; with Russian)
Inuinnaqtun:
* Northwest Territories (with Cree, Chipewyan, English, French, Gwich'in, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, North Slavey, South Slavey and Tłįchǫ (Dogrib))
* Nunavut (with English, French, and Inuktitut)
Inuktitut:
* Nunavut (with English, French, and Inuinnaqtun)
* Northwest Territories (with Cree, Chipewyan, English, French, Gwich'in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuvialuktun, North Slavey, South Slavey and Tłįchǫ (Dogrib))
Inuvialuktun:
* Northwest Territories (with Cree, Chipewyan, English, French, Gwich'in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, North Slavey, South Slavey and Tłįchǫ (Dogrib))
Irish:
* Northern Ireland (United Kingdom) (along with Ulster Scots and English)
Italian:
* part of Croatia
** Istria county (with Croatian)
* part of Slovenia
** Izola, Koper and Piran municipalities (with Slovene)
Ivatan:
* Luzon (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Bikol, Ibanag, Ilocano, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, Sambal, and Tagalog)
Japanese:
* Part of Palau
** Angaur (with English)
Kabardian:
* Kabardino-Balkaria (state language; with Balkar and Russian)
Kalaallisut:
* Greenland
Kalmyk:
* Kalmykia (state language; with Russian)
Kannada:
* India (with 21 other regional languages)
Kapampangan:
* Luzon (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Bikol, Ilocano, Ibanag, Ivatan, Pangasinan, Sambal, and Tagalog)
Karachay:
* Karachay–Cherkessia (state language; with Abaza, Cherkess, Nogai and Russian)
Karelian:
* Karelia (authorized language; with Finnish and Veps)
Kashmiri:
* India (with 21 other regional languages)
** Jammu and Kashmir
Kazakh:
* Republic of Altay (official language; in localities with Kazakh population)
* part of the People's Republic of China
** Ili, with Chinese (Mandarin)
** Barkol, with Chinese (Mandarin)
** Mori, with Chinese (Mandarin)
* part of Mongolia
** Mori, with Mongolian
Khakas:
* Khakassia (state language; with Russian)
Khanty:
* Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug (aboriginal language; with Mansi and Nenets)
* Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (aboriginal language; with Nenets and Selkup)
Kinaray-a:
* Visayas (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Aklanon, Bikol, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Surigaonon, Tagalog, and Waray)
Komi:
* Komi (state language; with Russian)
Komi-Permyak:
* Perm Krai
** Komi-Permyak Okrug (official language)
Korean:
* part of the People's Republic of China with Chinese (Mandarin)
** Changbai (Jangbaek, Changbaek)
** Yanbian (Yeonbyeon, Yŏnbyŏn)
Kumyk:
* Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)
Kyrgyz:
* part of the People's Republic of China
* Kizilsu (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Lak:
* Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)
Lezgian:
* Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)
Macedonian
* part of Albania
* part of Serbia
Maguindanao:
* Mindanao (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Cebuano, Chavacano, Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Maranao, Surigaonon, Tagalog, Tausug, and Yakan)
Malayalam:
* India (with 21 other regional languages)
** Kerala
** Puducherry
** Lakshadweep
Mansi:
* Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug (aboriginal language; with Khanty and Nenets)
Maranao:
* Mindanao (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Cebuano, Chavacano, Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Maguindanao, Surigaonon, Tagalog, Tausug, and Yakan)
Marathi:
* India (with 21 other regional languages)
** Maharashtra
** Goa
** Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu
Mari (Hill and Meadow):
* Mari El (state language; with Russian)
Mayan:
* Mexico (*only recognized)
* Guatemala (*only recognized)
* Belize (*only recognized)
* Honduras (*only recognized)
* El Salvador (*only recognized)
Meitei (officially known as Manipuri):
* India (with 21 other official languages)
** Manipur
** Tripura (formerly)
Mi'kmaq:
* Nova Scotia ("first language"; with English (de facto), French, Scottish Gaelic)
Moksha:
* Mordovia (state language; with Erzya and Russian)
Mongolian:
* part of the People's Republic of China
** Inner Mongolia, with Chinese (Mandarin)
** Haixi, with Tibetan and Chinese (Mandarin)
** Bortala, with Chinese (Mandarin)
** Bayin'gholin, with Chinese (Mandarin)
** Dorbod, with Chinese (Mandarin)
** Qian Gorlos, with Chinese (Mandarin)
** Harqin Left, with Chinese (Mandarin)
** Fuxin, with Chinese (Mandarin)
** Weichang, with Chinese (Mandarin)
** Subei, with Chinese (Mandarin)
** Henan, with Chinese (Mandarin)
Náhuatl:
* Mexico (*only recognized)
* El Salvador (*only recognized)
Nenets:
* Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug (aboriginal language; with Khanty and Mansi)
* Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (aboriginal language; with Khanty and Selkup)
Nepali:
* India (with 21 other regional languages)
Nogai:
* Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)
* Karachay–Cherkessia (state language; with Abaza, Cherkess, Karachay and Russian)
Occitan:
* Catalonia, with Catalan and Spanish)
Odia:
* India (with 21 other regional languages)
** Odisha
Ossetic (Digor and Iron dialects):
* North Ossetia—Alania (state language; with Russian)
Pangasinan:
* Luzon (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Bikol, Ibanag, Ilocano, Ivatan, Kapampangan, Sambal, and Tagalog)
Portuguese:
* part of the People's Republic of China
** Macau (with Chinese)
Punjabi:
* Pakistan
** Punjab
* India (with 21 other regional languages)
** Punjab
** Delhi
Romanian:
* Vojvodina (with Croatian, Serbian, Hungarian, Slovak and Ruthenian)
Russian. Russian is fixed as a state language in the Constitutions of the republics of the Russian Federation:
* Adygea (state language; with Adyghe)
* Altay, Republic of (state language; with Altay)
* Bashkortostan (state language; with Bashkir)
* Buryatia (state language; with Buryat)
* Chechnya (state language; with Chechen)
* Chuvashia (state language; with Chuvash)
* Dagestan (state language; with the languages of the Dagestan peoples)
* Ingushetia (state language; with Ingush)
* Kabardino-Balkaria (state language; with Balkar and Kabardian)
* Kalmykia (state language; with Kalmyk)
* Karachay–Cherkessia (state language; with Abaza, Cherkess, Karachay and Nogai)
* Karelia (state language)
* Khakassia (state language; with Khakas)
* Komi (state language; with Komi)
* Mari El (state language; with Mari (Hill and Meadow))
* Mordovia (state language; with Erzya and Moksha)
* North Ossetia—Alania (state language; with Ossetic)
* Sakha (state language; with Sakha)
* Tatarstan (state language; with Tatar)
* Tyva (state language; with Tuvan)
* Udmurtia (state language; with Udmurt)
* Russian (with Gagauz) is an official language of Gagauzia (autonomous republic within Moldova)
Rusyn:
* Vojvodina (with Croatian, Serbian, Romanian, Hungarian, Slovak)
* Ukraine
** Zakarapts'ka region (with Ukrainian, Hungarian)
Rutul:
* Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)
Sakha:
* Sakha (state language; with Russian)
Sambal:
* Luzon (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Bikol, Ibanag, Ilocano, Ivatan, Kapampangan, Pangasinan, and Tagalog)
Sami:
* Finland (in four municipalities)
* Norway (in six municipalities in two provinces)
* Sweden (in four municipalities and surrounding municipalities)
Sanskrit:
* Nepal
Saraiki
* Pakistan
Sarikoli:
* part of the People's Republic of China (It's different from Tajiki of Tajikistan)
** Taxkorgan (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Selkup:
* Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (aboriginal language; with Khanty and Nenets)
Serbian:
* Croatia-Co-official minority language in municipalities: Borovo, Trpinja, Markušica, Negoslavci, Vukovar, Šodolovci, Erdut, Darda, Jagodnjak, Kneževi Vinogradi, Dvor, Gvozd, Biskupija, Ervenik, Kistanje, Gračac, Udbina, Vrbovsko, Donji Kukuruzari and Nijemci.
Sindhi:
* India (with 21 other regional languages)
* Pakistan (Official language in the province of Sindh along with Urdu and English)
North and South Slavey:
* Northwest Territories (with Cree, Chipewyan, English, French, Gwich'in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, and Tłįchǫ (Dogrib))
Slovak:
* part of Serbia
** Vojvodina (with Croatian, Serbian, Hungarian, Romanian and Ruthenian)
Slovene:
* part of Italy
** Friuli-Venezia Giulia (with Italian, Friulian and German)
* part of Austria
** Carinthia (with German)
Spanish:
* New Mexico (spoken with English)
* Puerto Rico (with English)
* Philippines (mainly as Chavacano in Mindanao)
* El Cenizo, Texas
Surigaonon:
* Visayas and Mindanao (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Aklanon, Bikol, Cebuano, Chavacano, Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Kinaray-a, Maguindanao, Maranao, Tagalog, Tausug, Waray, and Yakan)
Tabasaran:
* Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)
Tagalog:
* Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Aklanon, Bikol, Cebuano, Chavacano, Hiligaynon, Ibanag, Ilocano, Ivatan, Kapampangan, Kinaray-a, Maguindanao, Maranao, Pangasinan, Sambal, Surigaonon, Tausug, Waray, and Yakan)
Tahitian:
* French Polynesia (with French)
Tamil:
* India (with 21 other regional languages)
** Andaman and Nicobar Islands
** Puducherry
** Tamil Nadu
* Sri Lanka
* Singapore
Tat:
* Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)
Tatar:
* Tatarstan (state language; with Russian)
Tausug:
* Mindanao (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Cebuano, Chavacano, Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Maguindanao, Surigaonon, Tagalog, Maranao, and Yakan)
Telugu:
* India (with 21 other regional languages)
** Andhra Pradesh
** Telangana
** Puducherry
** Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Tibetan:
* Tibet Autonomous Region (with Chinese (Mandarin))
* Aba (with Chinese (Mandarin))
* Garzê (with Chinese (Mandarin))
* Dêqên (with Chinese (Mandarin))
* Wenshan (with Chinese (Mandarin))
* Gannan (with Chinese (Mandarin))
* Haibai (with Chinese (Mandarin))
* Hainan (with Chinese (Mandarin))
* Huangnan (with Chinese (Mandarin))
* Golog (with Chinese (Mandarin))
* Gyêgu (with Chinese (Mandarin))
* Haixi (with Mongolian and Chinese (Mandarin))
* Muli (with Chinese (Mandarin))
* Tianzhu (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Tłįchǫ:
* Northwest Territories (with Cree, Chipewyan, English, French, Gwich'in, Inuinnaqtun, Inuktitut, Inuvialuktun, North Slavey, and South Slavey)
Tsakhur:
* Dagestan (as one of the Dagestan peoples languages; with Russian)
Tswana:
* South Africa (with Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sotho, Swati, Tsonga, Venda, Xhosa, Zulu)
Turkish:
* North Macedonia in Plasnica and Centar Župa
* Kosovo in Prizren and Mamuša
* part of Bulgaria
Tuvan:
* Tyva (state language; with Russian)
Udmurt:
* Udmurtia (state language; with Russian)
Urdu:
* Pakistan (with English as co-official language)
* India (with 21 other regional languages)
** Jammu and Kashmir
** Delhi Territory
** Uttar Pradesh state
** Bihar state
** Andhra Pradesh mainly in Hyderabad (former princely state of Nizam) and adjacent areas of Maharashtra and Karnataka
Uyghur:
* Xinjiang (with Chinese (Mandarin))
Veps:
* Karelia (authorized language; with Finnish and Karelian)
Vietnamese:
* Guangxi Province, China (some regional status)
* Part of Cambodia
* Part of Laos
Waray:
* Visayas (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Aklanon, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Kinaray-a, and Tagalog)
Welsh:
* Wales (United Kingdom) (with English)
Yakan:
* Mindanao (Philippines) (with Filipino, English, Cebuano, Chavacano, Hiligaynon, Ilocano, Maguindanao, Maranao, Surigaonon, Tagalog, and Tausug)
Yiddish:
* Russia (only in Jewish Autonomous Oblast, with Russian)
Yukaghir:
* Sakha (local official language; in localities with Yukaghir population)
Zhuang:
* Guangxi (with Chinese (Mandarin))
* Lianshan (with Chinese (Mandarin))