OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John F. Parrott

John Fabyan Parrott (August 8, 1767 – July 9, 1836) was a United States representative and a Senator from New Hampshire.
He was born in Portsmouth in the Province of New Hampshire to John Parrott, a merchant and ship captain, and his wife Deborah Walker. He followed his father's line of work and began trading in Europe and the Caribbean, something which stopped with the passing of the Embargo Act of 1807. Parrott was a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives from 1809 to 1814 and also held various local offices. He was an unsuccessful candidate for election in 1812 to the Thirteenth Congress, but was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives for the Fifteenth Congress, serving from March 4, 1817, to March 3, 1819. He was then elected to the U.S. Senate and served from March 4, 1819, to March 3, 1825. He was a Democratic Republican (later Adams-Clay Republican).
Later, in 1826, he was the postmaster of Portsmouth. He was also a member of the New Hampshire Senate from 1830 to 1831. He died in Greenland, New Hampshire, and was interred in the family burying ground on the Parrott estate. His papers are kept at the University of North Carolina.
Parrott married Hannah Skilling (1770-1850). His sons included Parrott gun inventor Robert Parker Parrott (1804-1877), and Peter Pearse Parrott (1811-1896), partner in a Cold Spring, New York ordinance foundry.
# Maryland v. Louisiana

Maryland v. Louisiana, 451 U.S. 725 (1981), is a Supreme Court case in which Maryland challenged a Louisiana law that forbid any tax on natural gas that would be extracted within the state. Maryland argued that it broke the Commerce Clause. The court would rule in the favor of Maryland.
Hearing:
Many different entities including the United States, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, several states including Maryland, and multiple gas pipeline companies all went against Louisiana's tax constitutionality. They declared that the tax should not be able allocate the tax to other consumers, but only to the ultimate consumer. In the case's hearing of evidence, it is said that Louisiana's purpose of the tax was to pay back the citizens of Louisiana who were affected by the damages to the state's coastal regions, as well as compensating citizens for the costs that the state paid to protect those resources. It was also said that the Louisiana Act violates the Supremacy Clause because under the Natural Gas Act, the FERC must determine pipeline and producer costs and subject them to judicial review.
Decision:
The U.S. Supreme Court would favor Maryland in a 7-1 ruling. The favor ruled that Louisiana unconstitutionally used its "first-use" tax on natural gases and violated the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution which says that Congress has the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, several states, and even Indian Tribes.
This clause was first designed to stop individual states from making laws that can unfairly restrict or hurt trade between states. This helps with keeping the market open and fair for the U.S.
Aftermath:
Post ruling of the court, Louisiana had to stop its "first-use" tax, and it caused the Supremacy Clause from the Constitution to be reinforced as an example for the future. The court said the Natural Gas Act was violated by the taxing that took place and affirmed the Supremacy Clauses status with that decision.
# Chris Housman

Chris Housman (born c. 1990) is an American country singer-songwriter who has released songs featuring gay themes.

## Life

Housman was born c. 1990 in western Kansas and raised on a farm outside of Hanston, Kansas. He came out at the age of 18. He attended Belmont University.
In 2020, Housman released the single "Nobody" about his experience going through a breakup. It was co-written with his friends Emily Kroll and Christian Wood. He purposely did not use any male or female pronouns in the lyrics. In 2021, he released "Blueneck" cowritten with Nell Maynard. It charted number one on the iTunes country chart and sixteen on the Billboard Digital Country Sales chart and went viral on TikTok. On April 14, 2023, following the passage of the Tennessee Adult Entertainment Act, Housman released "Drag Queen" in support of the LGBTQ community. The song was cowritten by Housman, Chris Sligh, and Mary Kutter. The music video was filmed in the Nashville gay bar, Play where Housman saw his first drag show in 2008. Directed by Ford Fairchild, it included local drag queens Arsyn, Perplexity, Sasha Dereon, Ivy St. James, Vanity, Deception, and Obsinity. All royalties from the song are donated to a Nashville-based LGBT youth nonprofit, Just Us at Oasis Center.
In April 2024, Housman released the single "Guilty As Sin" about a gay romance in a country setting. The music video was directed by Fairchild and features Housman and Gabe LaDuke.
# Aegista impexa

Aegista impexa is a species of air-breathing land snails, a terrestrial pulmonate gastropod in the family Camaenidae.

## Description

The diameter of the shell attains 26.7 mm (1.05 in), its height 10 mm (0.39 in).
The shell boasts a prominently open umbilicus, with a regularly conical shape. It appears low conoid above and convex beneath. The shell exhibits a rather thin, pale, and translucent brown hue. The sculpture consists of low oblique wrinkles tracing the lines of growth, alongside minute, very short cuticular threads adhering in some areas. The base of the shell displays dense but not highly distinct spiral striations. The peripheral filaments are sparse and short. With approximately 6½ whorls, the shell gradually widens, with earlier whorls convex and later ones nearly flat. The body whorl is acutely carinated, with the base forming an angular contour around the umbilicus. The aperture is very oblique, with a narrowly expanded outer lip. The basal margin is narrowly reflexed and deeply arcuate, while the columellar margin is dilated. A very thin parietal callus completes the interior adornment.

## Distribution

This species occurs in Taiwan.
# Shades of Sorrow

Shades of Sorrow is the second studio album by Brazilian all-female death metal band Crypta. It was recorded throughout February 2023 at the Family Mob Studio in São Paulo, Brazil. It was later mixed at 33 Studios in Stockholm, Sweden, mastered at Fascination Street Studios in Örebro, Sweden, and released in August 2023 through Napalm. It is the only studio album to feature guitarist Jéssica di Falchi, who left on March 10, 2025. The songs "Lord of Ruins", "Trial of Traitors" and "The Other Side of Anger" were also released as singles.
It was chosen by the Associação Paulista de Críticos de Arte as one of the 50 best Brazilian albums of 2023.
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Angry Metal Guy | Great! |
| Blabbermouth.net | 8.5 |
| Distorted Sound Magazine | 9/10 |
| Metal Injection | 8.5 |
| MetalSucks | |

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Bergamaschi, Dametto, di Falchi and Lira

## Personnel
### Band members

* Fernanda Lira – bass, vocals
* Luana Dametto – drums
* Tainá Bergamaschi – rhythm guitar
* Jéssica di Falchi – lead guitar

### Session musician

* Pablo Greg – keyboards

### Staff

* Rafael Augusto Lopes – production, engineering
* Leeo Hanna – production
* Gabriel Bonilha – production
* Otávio Rossato – engineering
* Daniel Bergstrand – mixing
* Jens Bogren – mastering
* Pablo Greg – sound design
* João Duarte – layout
* Luana Dametto – layout
* Estevam Romera – photography
* Raul Campos – cover art

## Charts

Chart performance for Shades of Sorrow :
| Chart (2023) | Peak position |
| Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria) | 52 |
| German Albums (Offizielle Top 100) | 23 |
| Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade) | 43 |
# The Mongoose (film)

The Mongoose is an upcoming action thriller film written by Thompson Evans, directed by Mark Vanselow and starring Liam Neeson, Marisa Tomei, Ving Rhames, and Michael Chiklis.

## Premise

A war hero accused of a crime he didn’t commit and with nothing to lose, leads police on an epic televised cross-country car chase, helped by members of his former Special Forces Army battalion, as a fascinated public cheers him on.

## Cast

* Liam Neeson as Ryan "Fang" Flanagan
* Marisa Tomei as Tara
* Ving Rhames as Tanker
* Michael Chiklis as Pope

## Production

In May 2024, it was announced that Neeson was cast in the film. In February 2025, it was announced that Tomei, Rhames and Chiklis were cast in the film and that filming began in Victoria. The action-thriller is being shot in Bacchus Marsh, Castlemaine, Templestowe and Bangholme as well as the Melbourne CBD, North Melbourne, Kensington, Altona and Moorabbin.
# McGautha v. California

McGautha v. California, 402 U.S. 183 (1971), is a criminal case heard by the United States Supreme Court, in which the Court held that the lack of legal standards by which juries imposed the death penalty was not an unconstitutional violation of the due process clause portions of the Fourteenth Amendment.$^{:467}$ Justice Harlan wrote that writing rules for jury death penalty decisions was beyond current human ability.$^{:467}$ The context was public and philosophical scrutiny of the unequal application of the death penalty, especially in that blacks who killed whites were much more likely to have a death penalty imposed.$^{:467}$ McGautha was superseded one year later by Furman v. Georgia.
# Matahaka River

The Matahaka River is a river of the Bay of Plenty Region of New Zealand. It is a tributary of the Nukuhou River, which it meets 15 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Ōpōtiki.
# Danilo Švara

Danilo Švara (2 April 1902 San Giuseppe, Italy - 25 April 1981 Ljubljana) was a prominent Slovenian orchestra conductor and composer.

## Works
### Opera

* Kleopatra (1940)
* Veronika Deseniška 1946)
* Slovo od mladosti (Prešeren) (1954)
* Ocean (1969)
* Štirje junaki (1974)
# Naděžda Synecká

Naděžda Synecká (23 August 1926 – 11 September 2021) was a Czech printmaker.
A native of Prague, Synecká graduated from that city's Academy of Fine Arts, where she studied with Vladimír Silovský [cs], in 1950. She continues to live and work in Prague. One of her prints is in the collection of the National Gallery of Art.
Synecká died on 11 September 2021, at the age of 95.
# Lori Cardille

Lori Cardille is an American actress, best known for her role in Day of the Dead (1985).

## Career

Cardille's notable television roles were Winter Austen #1 on the ABC soap opera The Edge of Night, and Carol Baker on soap opera Ryan's Hope. Her most notable film role is Sarah in George A. Romero's Day of the Dead.

### Writing

She is the author of the book I'm Gonna Tell: ...an Offbeat Tale of Survival, which chronicles her journey after surviving sexual abuse.

## Personal life

Cardille is the daughter of Bill Cardille, who acted in George Romero's Night of the Living Dead. She studied acting at Carnegie Mellon University.
Cardille's daughter is actress Kate Rogal. She also has a sister, Marea.

## Filmography
### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1985 | Day of the Dead | Sarah Bowman | |
| 1993 | Zombie Jamboree: The 25th Anniversary of Night of the Living Dead | Self | Documentary |
| 1994 | No Pets | Lorraine Turner | |
| 2008 | Dead On: The Life and Cinema of George A. Romero | Self | Documentary |
| 2019 | In Search of Darkness | Self | Documentary |
| 2020 | In Search of Darkness: Part II | Self | Documentary |
| 2023 | Night of the Living Dead 2 | Mandy | |
| 2023 | The TRIP | Carol Burch | |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| 1975 | Ryan's Hope | Carol Baker | |
| 1978–1979 | The Edge of Night | Winter Austen #1 | |
| 1982 | Parole | Suzanne Driscoll | Television film |
| 1985 | The Equalizer | Sarah Claxton | Episode: "The Distant Fire" |
| 1986 | Tales from the Darkside | Emily McCall | Episode: "Florence Bravo" |
| 1989 | The Incredibly Strange Film Show | Self | Episode: "George A. Romero & Tom Savini" |
| 1991 | Dead and Alive: The Race for Gus Farace | Female Agent | Television film |
| 2016 | Doomsday | Detective Dara Dormand | Episode: "Little Leaks Sink the Ship: Part II" |
| 2019 | Stranger Things | Sarah | Archival footage; Episode: "Chapter One: Suzie, Do You Copy?" |
# Ampie du Preez

Ampie Du Preez (born c. 1982) is a South African singer-songwriter. In 2010 he collaborated with South African cricketer AB de Villiers on their debut album, Maak Jou Drome Waar (Make Your Dreams Come True).
Ampie previously worked with South African group 'n Man Soos Jan.
He has also done songwriting for South African artist Elizma Theron. He penned the title track to her 2009 album "Ek Soek Jou."
He released his first album entitled "Definitely Maybe" when he was in grade 11.
He formed a duet with former Eden member Sean Else called 34 Grade Suid. They released their first album "Staan Vas". Music videos were released for both the single "Val Sonder Jou" (in early March 2011) and for the title track in July 2011.
He released his solo album entitled "S.O.S." in April 2012. Music videos were released for both the single "Klaradyn" in March 2012 and for the title track in June 2012.

## Personal life

Ampie is friends with record producer, Murray Lubbe, who produced 'Maak Jou Drome Waar.
He holds a Bachelor of Commerce in financial management from the University of Pretoria.
# Mills Music, Inc. v. Snyder

Mills Music, Inc. v. Snyder, 469 U.S. 153 (1985), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that if the author of a work authorizes derivatives, the terms negotiated in exchange for that grant stand even if the grant is later rescinded. If the copyright holder deputizes another person to authorize derivative works, the law draws no distinction between such works and those directly authorized by the copyright holder.
The case was a dispute regarding publishing royalties for the popular song "Who's Sorry Now?", which Mills Music had licensed (through mechanical licenses) to recording companies, who created records of the song, or derivative works; after the death of Ted Snyder, the song's composer, his heirs terminated the agreement with Mills Music. They believed that Mills was no longer entitled to its share in the royalties. Mills, through the Harry Fox Agency, sued in federal court in New York, where it won, but was overturned in the Second Circuit, before finally appealing to the Supreme Court, which granted certiorari in March 1984.
# Ronalds Point

Ronalds Point is the rocky point on the north coast of Elephant Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica situated just east of the terminus of Snellius Glacier. The area was visited by early 19th century sealers.
The feature is named after Francis Ronalds (1788-1873), a British scientist and inventor who modified the octant to create the surveying sector; in association with other names in the area deriving from the early development or use of geodetic instruments and methods.

## Location

Ronalds Point is located at 61°06′36″S 54°57′59″W﻿ / ﻿61.11000°S 54.96639°W﻿ / -61.11000; -54.96639, which is 22.4 km east-southeast of Cape Yelcho and 17 km west of Cape Valentine. British mapping of the area in 1822,1972 and 2009.

## Maps

* Chart of South Shetland including Coronation Island, &c. from the exploration of the sloop Dove in the years 1821 and 1822 by George Powell Commander of the same. Scale ca. 1:200000. London: Laurie, 1822.
* Elephant Island: From a survey by the Joint Services Expedition, December 1970. Scale 1:132000 topographic map. Royal Geographical Society (UK), 1972.
* British Antarctic Territory. Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 Series, Sheet W 61 54. Directorate of Overseas Surveys, Tolworth, UK, 1972.
* South Shetland Islands: Elephant, Clarence and Gibbs Islands. Scale 1:220000 topographic map. UK Antarctic Place-names Committee, 2009.
* Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.
# Guy Flanagan

Guy Nicholas Flanagan (born 1980) is an English actor, best known for portraying John Mitchell in the pilot episode of Being Human.

## Background

Born in New Longton, Lancashire, Flanagan attended Cardinal Newman College, and went on to train at Drama Centre London. Flanagans mother Poppy Flanagan is also an actress, she previously worked as a teacher.

## Career

After graduating from drama school, Flanagan joined the Royal Shakespeare Company, playing Oswald in the RSC Academy production of King Lear. His other theatre work includes Cymbeline and Mimi and the Stalker.
Flanagan has appeared in the films Millions (2004), Stoned (2005) and A Bunch of Amateurs (2008).
Flanagan played the lead role of John Mitchell in the pilot episode of Being Human; the character was played by Aidan Turner in the subsequently produced series. His other television credits include Messiah: The Harrowing, Holby City, Totally Frank, Doctors and The Bill.

## Filmography
### Television

| Year | Show | Role | Notes |
| 2003 | Henry VIII | Tall servant | Television serial |
| 2005 | Messiah: The Harrowing | Tim Evans | Television film |
| 2006 | Holby City | Trev Stone - Passing On (2006) | Medical drama |
| 2006 | Totally Frank | Callum - Episode 2.1 (2006) | Comedy drama |
| 2007 | Party Animals | Felix Carrera - Episode 1.3 (2007) | TV series |
| 2008 | Being Human | John Mitchell - Pilot (2008) | Supernatural drama |
| 2009 | Doctors | Lance Bright - Towards the Light (2009) | Soap opera |
| 2009 | The Bill | Jason Devlin - Conviction: Cover Up (2009) - Conviction: To the Limit (2009) - Conviction: Breaking Point (2009) - Conviction: Walk the Line (2009) - Conviction: Riot City (2009) - Conviction: Judgement Day (2009) | Police procedural |
| 2009 | Shameless | Raymondo - Episode #6.16 (2009) | Comedy drama |
| 2013 | The White Queen | James Friars - Episode 04 (2013) | Historical drama |
| 2013 | A Touch of Cloth | Animal - Undercover Cloth: Part One (2013) - Undercover Cloth: Part Two (2013) | Comedy police procedural |

### Film

| Year | Show | Role | Notes |
| 2004 | Millions | All Saint 3 | Feature film |
| 2005 | Stoned | Dino | Feature film |
| 2008 | A Bunch of Amateurs | Box Office Guy | Feature film |
| 2008 | In Transit | Hans | Feature film |
| 2009 | Together | Brother | Short film |
| 2010 | Meet Pursuit Delange | Jonty McInnes | Short film |
| 2012 | Dark Shadows | Bearded Hippie | Feature film |
| 2012 | Hammer of the Gods | Jokul | Feature film |

## Theatre

| Year | Production | Venue(s) | Role |
| 2002 | King Lear | Swan Theatre / Young Vic / Spain, Italy, France | Oswald |
| 2007 | Cymbeline | Barbican Centre | Iachimo |
| 2008 | Mimi and the Stalker | Theatre503 | Larson / Barnes |
# 1952 Maine Black Bears football team

The 1952 Maine Black Bears football team was an American football team that represented the University of Maine as a member of the Yankee Conference and Maine Intercollegiate Athletic Association during the 1952 college football season. In its second season under head coach Harold Westerman, the team compiled a 4–3 record (3–1 against Yankee Conference and 1–2 against MIAA opponents) and finished in a three-way tie for the Yankee Conference championship. The team played its home games at Alumni Field in Orono, Maine. John Butterfield and Phil Butterfield, Jr., were the team captains.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 27 | Rhode Island | Alumni FieldOrono, ME | W 13–0 | |
| October 4 | at Vermont | Centennial FieldBurlington, VT | W 14–6 | 5,000 |
| October 11 | New Hampshire | Alumni FieldOrono, ME (rivalry) | W 24–7 | |
| October 18 | at Connecticut | Memorial StadiumStorrs, CT | L 7–13 | |
| October 25 | Bates | Alumni FieldOrono, ME | W 62–6 | |
| November 1 | Colby | Alumni FieldOrono, ME | L 7–13 | |
| November 8 | at Bowdoin | Whittier FieldBrunswick, ME | L 14–33 | 11,000 |
# Museum of the Macedonian Struggle (Skopje)

The Museum of the Macedonian Struggle (Macedonian: Музеј на македонската борба, romanized: Muzej na makedonskata borba) is a national museum of North Macedonia located in the capital city of Skopje. Construction of the museum began on 11 June 2008 and it was opened to the public on the 20th anniversary of the declaration of independence on 8 September 2011. The building lies on the former location of the Skopje branch of the National Bank of Yugoslavia, between the Archaeological Museum of North Macedonia, the Holocaust Museum of Macedonia, the Stone Bridge and the Vardar River.
The exhibit covers the period from the beginning of the resistance movement against the Ottoman rule, until the declaration of independence from Yugoslavia on 8 September 1991. The guided tours take visitors through 13 exhibits ending in front of the original copy of the 1991 Declaration of Independence.
* The main stained glass dome inside the Museum of the Macedonia Struggle
* The museum at night, 2014
* View from the other side
* Night view of the museum and the National Theater
# Cadmium hydroxide

Cadmium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula Cd(OH)$_2$. It is a white crystalline ionic compound that is a key component of nickel–cadmium battery.

## Structure

Cadmium hydroxide adopts the same structure as Mg(OH)$_2$, consisting of slabs of metal centers, each bonded by six hydroxide ligands. The Cd(OH)$_2$ structure is a recurring motif in inorganic chemistry. For example it is adopted by vanadium ditelluride.

## Preparation, and reactions

Cadmium hydroxide is produced by treating an aqueous solution containing Cd$^{2+}$ (say cadmium nitrate) with sodium hydroxide:
    Cd(NO$_3$)$_2$ + 2 NaOH → Cd(OH)$_2$ + 2 NaNO$_3$
Cd(OH)$_2$ and cadmium oxide exhibit similar reactions. Cadmium hydroxide is more basic than zinc hydroxide. It forms the anionic complex [Cd(OH)$_4$]$^{2−}$ when treated with concentrated base. It forms complexes with cyanide, thiocyanate, and ammonia.
Cadmium hydroxide loses water on heating, producing cadmium oxide. Decomposition commences at 130 °C and is complete at 300 °C. Reactions with mineral acids (HX) gives the corresponding cadmium salts (CdX$_2$). With hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid, the products are cadmium chloride, cadmium sulfate, and cadmium nitrate, respectively.

## Uses

It is generated in storage battery anodes, in nickel-cadmium and silver-cadmium storage batteries in its discharge:
    2 NiO(OH) + 2 H$_2$O + Cd → Cd(OH)$_2$ + 2 Ni(OH)$_2$
# Montana v. Blackfeet Tribe of Indians

Montana v. Blackfeet Tribe of Indians, 471 U.S. 759 (1985), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that States cannot tax tribes without express Congressional approval. The canons of construction for interpreting treaties between the United States and tribes apply to the interpretation of federal statutes.