# Oroqen Autonomous Banner

Oroqen Autonomous Banner (Oroqen: ɔrɔtʃeenŋi buwaan; Mongolian: ᠣᠷᠴᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠣᠰᠢᠭᠤ; Chinese: 鄂伦春自治旗) is an autonomous banner that lies east of the urban district of Hailar in the prefecture-level city of Hulunbuir. It covers an area of 60,378 square kilometres (23,312 sq mi). As of the 2010 census, there were 223,752 inhabitants with a population density of 4.84 inhabitants per km$^2$.

## Administrative divisions

Oroqen Autonomous Banner is made up of 8 towns and 2 townships. The banner's seat of government is located in Alihe (Ali Gol).
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Mongolian (Hudum Script) | Mongolian (Cyrillic) | Oroqen | Administrative division code |
| Towns |||||||
| Alihe Town (Ali Gol Town) | 阿里河镇 | Ālǐhé Zhèn | ᠠᠯᠢ ᠭᠣᠣᠯ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Аль гол балгас | aali biraa kutuun | 150723100 |
| Dayangshu Town | 大杨树镇 | Dàyángshù Zhèn | ᠳ᠋ᠠ ᠶᠠᠩ ᠱᠦ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Да ян шуу балгас | ədiŋə ulixdaan kutuun | 150723101 |
| Ganhe Town | 甘河镇 | Gānhé Zhèn | ᠭᠠᠨ ᠾᠧ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Ган ге балгас | gaan dɔɔn kutuun | 150723102 |
| Jiwen Town | 吉文镇 | Jíwén Zhèn | ᠵᠢᠸᠧᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Жвен балгас | | 150723103 |
| Nomin Town | 诺敏镇 | Nuòmǐn Zhèn | ᠨᠣᠮᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Номин балгас | nəmiin kutuun | 150723104 |
| Olobtai Town | 乌鲁布铁镇 | Wūlǔbùtiě Zhèn | ᠥᠯᠥᠪᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Өлөвтэй балгас | | 150723105 |
| Yili Town | 宜里镇 | Yílǐ Zhèn | ᠢᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Ил балгас | | 150723106 |
| Keyihe Town | 克一河镇 | Kèyīhé Zhèn | ᠺᠧ ᠢ ᠾᠧ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ | Ке И ге балгас | | 150723107 |
| Townships |||||||
| Guli Township | 古里乡 | Gǔlǐ Xiāng | ᠭᠦ᠋ ᠯᠢ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Хөө ли шиян | guuli | 150723200 |
| Tuozhamin Township | 托扎敏乡 | Tuōzhāmǐn Xiāng | ᠲᠦᠸᠧ ᠵᠠ ᠮᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠩ | Түве жаа мин шиян | totʃamiin | 150723201 |
In addition, Oroqen Autonomous Banner claims jurisdiction over Jagdaqi and Songling District; technically however, the two districts are de facto under the jurisdiction of Daxing'anling Prefecture, Heilongjiang Province. The government of Hulunbuir disputes this arrangement.
* Map including part of Oroqen Autonomous Banner (AMS, 1951)
* Map including part of Oroqen Autonomous Banner (AMS, 1951)
* Map including part of Oroqen Autonomous Banner (AMS, 1951)

## Ethnic groups in Oroqen Autonomous Banner, 2000 census

| Nationality | Population | Percentage |
| Han | 257,861 | 88.28% |
| Mongols | 12,045 | 4.12% |
| Manchu | 8,743 | 2.99% |
| Daur | 6,379 | 2.18% |
| Evenks | 3,155 | 1.08% |
| Oroqen | 2,050 | 0.7% |
| Hui | 1,038 | 0.36% |
| Korean | 633 | 0.22% |
| Xibe | 54 | 0.02% |
| Russians | 37 | 0.01% |
| Others | 102 | 0.04% |

## Climate

Climate data for Oroqen Autonomous Banner, elevation 424 m (1,391 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | −0.7 (30.7) | 6.4 (43.5) | 18.4 (65.1) | 29.0 (84.2) | 34.8 (94.6) | 40.5 (104.9) | 37.2 (99.0) | 36.0 (96.8) | 31.9 (89.4) | 26.5 (79.7) | 13.6 (56.5) | 0.4 (32.7) | 40.5 (104.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −13.7 (7.3) | −7.9 (17.8) | 0.4 (32.7) | 10.7 (51.3) | 19.2 (66.6) | 24.8 (76.6) | 26.5 (79.7) | 24.3 (75.7) | 18.4 (65.1) | 8.5 (47.3) | −5.2 (22.6) | −14.1 (6.6) | 7.7 (45.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −21.7 (−7.1) | −17.1 (1.2) | −7.8 (18.0) | 3.1 (37.6) | 11.3 (52.3) | 17.1 (62.8) | 19.8 (67.6) | 17.3 (63.1) | 10.1 (50.2) | 0.8 (33.4) | −12.5 (9.5) | −21.1 (−6.0) | −0.1 (31.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −27.6 (−17.7) | −24.4 (−11.9) | −15.5 (4.1) | −4.3 (24.3) | 3.0 (37.4) | 9.6 (49.3) | 14.0 (57.2) | 11.6 (52.9) | 3.6 (38.5) | −5.3 (22.5) | −18.2 (−0.8) | −26.4 (−15.5) | −6.7 (20.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −40.3 (−40.5) | −39.6 (−39.3) | −31.8 (−25.2) | −21.7 (−7.1) | −8.4 (16.9) | −4.2 (24.4) | 1.7 (35.1) | −1.3 (29.7) | −7.9 (17.8) | −23.6 (−10.5) | −34.3 (−29.7) | −40.2 (−40.4) | −40.3 (−40.5) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 3.4 (0.13) | 3.2 (0.13) | 6.1 (0.24) | 18.5 (0.73) | 47.0 (1.85) | 95.3 (3.75) | 168.7 (6.64) | 118.5 (4.67) | 64.1 (2.52) | 21.5 (0.85) | 9.8 (0.39) | 6.4 (0.25) | 562.5 (22.15) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 5.5 | 3.6 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 10.8 | 14.6 | 17.0 | 15.4 | 10.6 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 7.1 | 108.7 |
| Average snowy days | 7.9 | 5.9 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 1.0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.6 | 5.2 | 8.5 | 9.7 | 52.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 67 | 62 | 54 | 49 | 52 | 69 | 78 | 80 | 72 | 61 | 67 | 70 | 65 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 173.3 | 210.3 | 266.4 | 251.5 | 250.2 | 241.3 | 221.6 | 216.4 | 213.9 | 201.4 | 167.7 | 149.8 | 2,563.8 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 65 | 73 | 72 | 60 | 52 | 49 | 45 | 49 | 57 | 62 | 63 | 61 | 59 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||
Climate data for Nuomin Town (Xiaoergou), Oroqen Autonomous Banner (1991–2020 normals) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −13.6 (7.5) | −7.4 (18.7) | 1.5 (34.7) | 12.2 (54.0) | 20.6 (69.1) | 25.7 (78.3) | 27.5 (81.5) | 25.2 (77.4) | 19.6 (67.3) | 10.1 (50.2) | −3.3 (26.1) | −13.2 (8.2) | 8.7 (47.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −23.0 (−9.4) | −17.7 (0.1) | −6.9 (19.6) | 4.5 (40.1) | 12.7 (54.9) | 18.5 (65.3) | 21.2 (70.2) | 18.5 (65.3) | 11.5 (52.7) | 2.3 (36.1) | −10.8 (12.6) | −21.3 (−6.3) | 0.8 (33.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −29.7 (−21.5) | −26.0 (−14.8) | −15.0 (5.0) | −3.1 (26.4) | 4.4 (39.9) | 11.4 (52.5) | 15.5 (59.9) | 13.1 (55.6) | 4.9 (40.8) | −4.1 (24.6) | −16.8 (1.8) | −27.2 (−17.0) | −6.0 (21.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 3.6 (0.14) | 3.2 (0.13) | 6.0 (0.24) | 20.1 (0.79) | 41.8 (1.65) | 102.2 (4.02) | 146.0 (5.75) | 116.0 (4.57) | 55.9 (2.20) | 23.2 (0.91) | 6.7 (0.26) | 5.8 (0.23) | 530.5 (20.89) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 4.9 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 6.2 | 9.5 | 13.6 | 15.0 | 13.4 | 9.4 | 5.8 | 4.8 | 6.0 | 96.6 |
| Average snowy days | 6.7 | 5.4 | 6.6 | 5.0 | 0.5 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 3.9 | 7.4 | 8.9 | 44.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 66 | 62 | 55 | 48 | 51 | 67 | 76 | 79 | 71 | 61 | 66 | 69 | 64 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 178.2 | 208.2 | 260.5 | 251.4 | 264.1 | 260.4 | 246.1 | 230.7 | 222.9 | 208.8 | 169.9 | 150.8 | 2,652 |
| Percentage possible sunshine | 66 | 72 | 70 | 61 | 55 | 54 | 51 | 53 | 60 | 64 | 63 | 59 | 61 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration ||||||||||||||