OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Peter Waterhouse (military officer)

Lieutenant-Colonel Peter Waterhouse (5 September 1779 – 19 May 1823) was a British officer in the 81st Regiment during the Napoleonic Wars. After the 1815 Waterloo campaign, the regiment served in Halifax, Nova Scotia, where he died on 19 May 1823; his burial was led by General Sir James Kempt.

## Career

Waterhouse was commissioned as a lieutenant in the 81st Foot in June 1799. Shortly after this, the regiment was posted to Cape Colony in South Africa, captured from the Dutch in 1795 and remained there until the colony was returned under the 1802 Treaty of Amiens. During the War of the Third Coalition, the first battalion of the 81st joined the British expeditionary force in Southern Italy; by now a captain, Waterhouse was wounded at the Battle of Maida in 1806.
He was promoted major in November 1811, and after six years in Sicily, the 81st was assigned to the Catalonia expedition, a feint to help with the main Allied thrust in 1812. The battalion landed in Alicante in August 1812 and was involved in the failed seaborne attack on Dénia in October 1812. He was mentioned in dispatches by Major General Rufane Shaw Donkin, who wrote: "I am much indebted to Major Waterhouse of the 81st Regiment for his assistance during the whole day but particularly at the moment of embarkation, which he covered in a manner that did him the highest credit.
Waterhouse and the 81st remained on the east coast of Spain, taking part in the battles of Castalla Ordal, until the war ended in April 1814. He was with the second battalion during the 1815 Waterloo Campaign, which was assigned to guard duties in Brussels and missed the Battle of Waterloo.
After Waterloo, the second battalion was disbanded and Waterhouse returned to the first battalion, which was based in Ireland; he was promoted Lieutenant Colonel on 12 August, 1819. In 1822, the battalion was posted to Halifax, Nova Scotia, where Waterhouse died on 19 May 1823 and buried in the Old Burying Ground.
# African American trail rides

Black/African American trail rides, or Black trail rides, are rural parade-like celebrations that commemorate the traditions of Black cowboys and formerly enslaved Black Americans with their lineage to Freedmen who were skilled in caring for and training livestock. The tradition is found in the Black American communities of Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Alabama founded by Freedmen.
Creole trail rides in Louisiana and Texas typically feature a "procession, zydeco music, dancing and feasting." The annual Step-N-Strut trail ride in St. Landry Parish has been described as "the Creole Woodstock." Trail rides are increasingly popular in Mississippi.
# Kozak (armored personnel carrier)

The Kozak (Ukrainian: Козак (Kozak), lit. Cossack) is a Ukrainian family of infantry mobility vehicles with a V-hull intended to transport personnel and various loads.

## Production

The vehicles are produced by the company Praktika, which specialized in Safes as well as bulletproof glass. The first Kozak vehicle (also known as Kozak-1) first appeared on August 24, 2009 at the Independence Day of Ukraine military parade in Kyiv.
Only two vehicles were manufactured prior to March 2014. The third vehicle (also known as "Kozak-2014") was built in November 2014 and was intended to be a proof of concept to address a growing requirement for a mobile MRAP. In March 2015 the vehicle was armed with the NSV machine gun.
Another variant, the Kozak-2, was built in 2015 and armed with an anti-tank guided missile system. It appeared at the 169th Training Centre in May 2015.
The Ukrainian Defense Ministry conducted comparative tests of 11 armored vehicles from various manufacturers in early 2016, but only three of them, including the Kozak-2, passed the state tests, the Ministry said. The trials of the Kozak-2M1, an improved tactical version of the Kozak-2, continued from October 2018 to July 2019, during which time the vehicle was tested with over 50 techniques and in a simulated combat environment.
The Defense Minister of Ukraine Stepan Poltorak on March 21, 2017 signed a decree officially adopting the "Kozak-2” into service.

## Variants

* SRM-1 "Kozak-" (Ukrainian: СРМ-1 "Козак-1") – Light armored vehicle based on the Iveco Daily 55S18W 4x4 chassis
* "Kozak-001" (Ukrainian: "Козак-001") – The first production batch of the Kozak-2, adopted by the National Guard.
* "Kozak-2" (Ukrainian: "Козак-2") – Multipurpose armored vehicle combining durability and high operational payload with dynamic mobility and mine resistance. Based on the Iveco Eurocargo 4×4 truck chassis.
** "Kozak-2M1" – An improved version of the Kozak-2, intended to be used as a tactical combat vehicle.
* "Kozak-4" – A light armoured utility vehicle based on the Iveco Daily chassis.
* "Kozak-5" – A special operations vehicle for police and special forces, based on the commercially available Ford F550 chassis with the 6.7L engine, specially modified using the official Ford “DBL Design” conversion.

## Operators

* Bangladesh
* Indonesia
* Russia – captured several dozen vehicles during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.
* Belarus In (2023) - Belarusian special forces Vityaz captured show case, came to the country with parts of the Wagner PMC.; also operators from the Wagner PMC train with captured also KrAZ Cobra Belarusian territorial defence troops. (2023)
* Ukraine
   * State Border Guard Service of Ukraine – received one "Kozak-2" on January 19, 2015. The second "Kozak-2" vehicle was received by the Border Guard Service on May 28, 2015. There were further deliveries.
   * National Guard of Ukraine – received ten "Kozak-001" vehicles on July 6, 2015. There were further deliveries.
   * Ukrainian Armed Forces - 44 Kozak 2M1 delivered in December 2021, with a further 15 Kozak 2M1 and 25 Kozak 5 in April 2024.
# Caribou Island Lighthouse

Caribou Island Lighthouse sits on the uninhabited Caribou Island in the eastern end of Lake Superior, 22 miles (35 km) south of Michipicoten Island. It lies entirely within the territorial waters of Canada although only about three miles from the international border between Canada and the United States. It is not approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) long and approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) wide.
A dangerous reef stretches 1 mile (1.6 km) along the north and west shores of Caribou Island, and a shallow reef 2.5 miles (4.0 km) stretches beyond to the southwest to Caribou Island, lying only 11 feet (3.4 m) below the lake's surface. The unmanned lighthouse, which is owned by the Canadian Coast Guard, is located on a tiny adjacent island called Lighthouse Island a few hundred feet across and positioned 1 mile (1.6 km) west of the southern tip of the main island. When originally built, it was visible for 16 miles (26 km) and operated on a 30-second revolving cycle. Caribou Island is about 55 km (34 mi) off Agawa Bay on the east shore of the lake.

## History

The present light was built in 1912 (station established 1886), flashes white every 15 seconds and is 31.5 meters (103 feet) tall. It is a hexagonal concrete tower with six flying buttresses. The structure is painted white, while the lantern, gallery and watch room are red. The lighthouse is located on a small island southwest of Caribou Island itself and about 5 km (3.1 mi) north of the international border. It is only accessible by boat or floatplane via a shallow, rocky harbour on the east side, or by helicopter via a landing area on the north side.

## Keepers

* R. May 1886 – 1887
* Charles James Pim 1887–1898
* Wilbrod O. Demers 1899–1906
* Antoine Boucher 1907–1912
* George W. Johnston 1912–1921
* J. George Penfold 1921–1922
* John W. Kennedy 1922–1928
* Charles N. McDonald 1928–1935
* Arthur W. Hurley 1935–1962
* Alfred Thibeault 1962–1964
* George Rutherford 1964–?
* Reg Dawson (at least 1968)
* Bert Hopkins
# P. Shankar Rao

Dr. P. Shankar Rao is an Indian veteran politician from the state of Telangana. He is a member of Indian National Congress Party and has been elected representative on five occasions, as a Member of a Legislative Assembly in Andhra Pradesh.

## Early and personal life

Shankar Rao is the eldest son to P Rajaiah and Raja Narsamma. He has two younger brothers Penta Dayanand, Penta Jagannath and three sisters M Shakuntala, K Saraswathi, and G Jyothi. P Shankar Rao married G. Vishwashanti eldest daughter of Gaddam Venkatswamy (popularly known as Kaka) a member of the Indian National Congress (INC) political party who was elected 7 times (4 times from Peddapalli Lok Sabha and 3 times from Siddipet Lok Sabha). He has two Sons P Shashank and P Sanjay, and one Daughter P Sushmita.

## Career

Rao was first elected in 1983, as an MLA for the Shadnagar constituency. He was subsequently re-elected for that constituency on three (1989, 1999, 2004) more occasions. He served as Irrigation Minister in Kotla Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy's cabinet. Along with Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy, the then CLP leader, he played a key role as Deputy CLP Leader when the party was in the opposition.
He was elected from Secunderabad Cantonment Constituency in 2009, this being his first appointment from that constituency but his fifth term as MLA, overall. He did not contest the 2014 elections.
He held different posts in the party and government in his political career of more than four decades. He was a minister for Government of Andhra Pradesh (before bifurcation) for the second time in Kiran Kumar Reddy cabinet. His portfolios were Public Enterprises, Handlooms & Textiles, Small Scale Industries, Khadi and Village Industries & Spinning Mills.. He has served as Cabinet Minister two times in his career.
He has been a staunch supporter of Telangana statehood. .

## Controversies

Shankar Rao had filed a case in the High Court (HC) against Jagan Mohan Reddy (Former Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh), for being in possession of illegal and disproportionate assets. The HC had issued show cause notices to all the concerned parties based on reports submitted by Shanker Rao and several others.
Shankar Rao is also involved in a protracted land grab case of Greenfields in Kanojiguda, Hyderabad and a case was booked against him after a complaint filed by the Green Fields Plot Owners Association. The case is ongoing in the high court of Telangana.
# Flags at the White House

The White House and its Executive Residence in Washington, D.C. is the official residence of the president of the United States. Being the official residence of the U.S. head of state, it flies the U.S. flag from a flagpole on its rooftop. The U.S. flag is flown there 24 hours a day and seven days a week, and since 2019, the POW/MIA flag as well.

## History

As the official residence of the U.S. head of state, the United States' national flag is permanently displayed from the White House's rooftop flagpole. Contrary to popular misconception, that U.S. flag is not lowered or removed from the flagpole when the U.S. president departs from the building's premises, but remains flying. This has been the case since September 1970, when then–U.S. president Richard M. Nixon mandated this practice on the suggestion of his wife and the then–U.S. first lady, Pat Nixon.
Aside from the U.S. flag, other flags have occasionally been flown from the rooftop flagpole on the White House. The only foreign national flags to have been flown there are those of Serbia and France, the former flown alongside the U.S. flag in July 1918 as a show of solidarity by the United States towards the Serbian people during World War I, and the latter done in July 1920 to commemorate the French Bastille Day.
The U.S. flag that is displayed on the rooftop flagpole on top of the White House is often lowered to half-staff on the direction of the U.S. president to commemorate a certain occasion or object, such as a person or persons significant to the United States who had recently died (such as prominent political figures like U.S. senators and members of Congress).
Unlike at Buckingham Palace, the national flag is never lowered and the presidential standard hoisted in its place when the U.S. president is in residence.
# Peter Hammerschlag

Peter Hammerschlag (27 June 1902, Alsergrund, Vienna — 1942, Auschwitz concentration camp) was a Jewish writer, surrealist poet, actor, Kabarett artist and graphic artist in Austria. He was known for his cabarets, which continue to influence the arts in Austria today, and in 2007, was honoured on the Walk of Fame of Cabaret. Hammerschlag was granted an exit permit to leave Austria for Argentina in September 1941, he was, however, unable to obtain a passport through any channels. Later that year he was put into a forced labour camp, and in 1942, he was murdered in the Auschwitz concentration camp. His work has been on display at the City of Vienna's Jewish Museum.
# John Randoll Mackenzie

Major-General John Randoll Mackenzie of Suddie (c. 1763 – 28 July 1809) was a senior British Army officer who saw action in the Napoleonic Wars.

## Early life

MacKenzie was the son of William Mackenzie of Suddie and Margaret Mackenzie (daughter of Sir Alexander Mackenzie, 5th Baronet).

## Military career

Mackenzie was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Marines in 1778. After serving in India, he secured a commission as a captain in the 78th Regiment of Foot when it was raised in 1793 and was deployed to the Dutch Cape Colony in 1795. He was elected as member of parliament for Tain Burghs in 1806 and then transferred to Sutherland in 1808. Deployed to Spain for service in the Peninsular War, he commanded a brigade in the 3rd Division and also became the first General Officer Commanding 3rd Division when it was formed on 18 June 1809. He was killed in action at the Battle of Talavera on 28 July 1809.
# Quentin V. Long

Quentin V. Long (1918 – February 5, 1997) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the Florida House of Representatives.

## Life and career

Long attended Miami Edison Senior High School and served in the United States Navy during World War II.
In 1962, Long was elected to the Florida House of Representatives.
Long died in February 1997 in Alachua, Florida, at the age of 78.
# Singers of Renown

Singers of Renown was an Australian radio program broadcast on ABC Radio National for 42 years, and presented for every episode by John Cargher. It became the longest continuously running Australian radio program presented and produced by the same person, and Cargher himself became the longest continuous program presenter in the ABC's history.
It commenced on 17 April 1966, and concluded on 26 April 2008. John Cargher presented selections of opera, operetta, lieder and popular songs from his extensive personal collection. The theme music came from the duet "E ben altro il mio sogno" from Giacomo Puccini's Il tabarro, in the celebrated recording by Renata Tebaldi and Mario Del Monaco.
The program originated as a 13-week local program on Melbourne radio station 3LO, but was picked up by ABC Radio National. The program attracted listeners not only in Australia, but around the world through the internet.
In 2008, Cargher, who was suffering from cancer, announced his retirement effective 26 April. He died four days later, on 30 April 2008.
ABC Radio National scheduled several repeat programs until June 2008.
After his death, the ABC released a 3-CD tribute to Cargher, with two complete episodes of Singers of Renown, and some excerpts from his Music for Pleasure programs.

## Sources

* Opera buff of renown dies at 89
* Singers of Renown – ABC website
* Anniversary swansong for radio opera buff, The Age, 26 April 2008
* John Cargher 3-CD Tribute
# Mohammed Sadiq (diplomat)

Mohammed Sadiq is a retired Pakistani diplomat (active 1990s–2023).
Mohammad Sadiq was born in Zaida, District Swabi and spent his early childhood in Kunri in Sindh where his father Mohammad Salim was running several businesses.
Currently Ambassador Sadiq is a Special Assistant to Prime Minister/Minister of State and Pakistan's Special Representative for Afghanistan. He is also the Chairman/CEO of Sadiq Group of Enterprises and a member of BOG of Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad.
He earlier served as Secretary National Security Division, Ambassador to Afghanistan, Spokesman of Foreign Office and several other diplomatic assignments to US, EU and China.
As Deputy Ambassador to the United States, Mr. Sadiq launched the first ever internship program by Government of Pakistan and conducted a comprehensive demographic study of Pakistani American community and worked with the Pakistan American community to establish the Pakistan Caucus at Capitol Hill.
He retired in 2023.
Education :
| M.A. | Political Science | Peshawar University |
| Master of International Affairs | Master of International Affairs | Columbia University New York |
| M.S. | Defence and Security Studies | National Defence University, Islamabad |
# Jerry Fishenden

Dr Jerry Fishenden has been referred to as "one of the UK’s leading authorities in the world of technology", and appears regularly in a variety of mainstream media. He is also a frequent guest and keynote speaker on the conference circuit, drawing on his background across both private and public sectors.

## Education

In 1984 he graduated with a BSc (Hons) from the City University, London, where he also later obtained an MPhil in the application of artificial intelligence techniques to composition. City University identify him as one of their famous alumni. In 2013, he was awarded a PhD in creative technologies from De Montfort University's Institute of Creative Technologies.

## Career

He was appointed as the specialist adviser to the House of Commons Science and Technology Committee for their inquiry into Digital Government (2018-2019) and is a member of the Scottish Government's Online Identity Assurance Expert Group. He was a cofounder and director of the former Centre for Technology Policy Research, and formerly a senior research fellow in the Centre for Creative Computing at Bath Spa University, and a visiting senior fellow at the London School of Economics Department of Management as well as being a key advisor to the Policy Engagement Network. In November 2010 he was appointed as a specialist adviser to the House of Commons Public Administration Select Committee to assist the committee with their inquiry into government IT. From 2009 to 2010, he was appointed as a member of the Scottish Government's expert panel on identity management and privacy, and has been an invited speaker at the Cambridge Union Society. He was the co-chair of the U.K. Government's Privacy and Consumer Advisory Group from 2011 to 2017.
He has held a variety of the IT industry's most senior positions, including as the UK Government's interim deputy chief technology officer, Microsoft's lead technology policy and strategy advisor; as head of business systems for the UK's chief financial services regulator in the City of London; as an officer of the House of Commons, where he pioneered the Parliamentary data and video network at the Houses of Parliament, as well as putting Parliament on the World Wide Web; and as a director of IT in the National Health Service.
His blog tackles issues at the intersection of technology and policy. Analysts Redmonk have referred to him as being a 'trusted advisor'. His Scotsman article on the proposed Identity Card for the UK, which was the first public commentary on the system by a recognised industry figure, opened up constructive debate on an important topic.
He is a fellow with Chartered status of the British Computer Society (FBCS CITP), a fellow of the Royal Society of Arts (FRSA), a fellow of the Institute for the Management of Information Systems (FIMIS) and a fellow of the Institution of Analysts and Programmers. He is also a long-time member of the Writers Guild of Great Britain.
# Languages of Denmark

The Kingdom of Denmark has only one official language, Danish, the national language of the Danish people, but there are several minority languages spoken, namely Faroese, German, and Greenlandic.
A large majority (about 86%) of Danes also speak English as a second language; it is mandatory for Danish students to learn from first grade in the public elementary schools (Danish: folkeskole), by far the most popular option in the country. In the 1st (or 3rd, depends on the school) grade of folkeskole, a third language option is given, usually German or French. The vast majority pick German (about 47% of Danes report being able to speak conversational German). The third most widely understood foreign language is Swedish, with about 13% of Danes reporting to be able to speak it.

## Officially recognized minority languages
### Faroese

Faroese, a North Germanic language like Danish, is the primary language of the Faroe Islands, a self-governing territory of the Kingdom. It is also spoken by some Faroese immigrants in mainland Denmark. Faroese is similar to Icelandic and retains many features of Old Norse, the source of all North Germanic languages.

### Greenlandic

Since the Act on Greenland Self-Government was adopted by parliament on 12 June 2009, Greenlandic, or Kalaallisut, is the sole official language of Greenland. Greenlandic belongs to the Eskimo–Aleut languages; it is closely related to the Inuit languages in Canada, such as Inuktitut, and entirely unrelated to Danish.
# Nate Douglas

Nathaniel Micah Douglas (born November 14, 2000) is an American politician and educator from Central Florida. A member of the Democratic Party, he served as a member of the Orange County Soil and Water Conservation District from 2020 to 2023. In 2024, he was the Democratic nominee for the Florida House of Representatives's 37th district.

## Early life and education

Douglas was born and raised in Celebration, Florida, to a Jamaican-immigrant father and a French-immigrant mother, and graduated from Apopka High School. In 2022, Douglas graduated from the University of Florida with a bachelor's degree in food and resource economics.

## Career

In 2020, Douglas was elected to the Orange County Soil and Water Conservation District from the 1st district at age 19. Due to Florida's resign-to-run laws, Douglas resigned from the soil and water conservation district in 2023.
Douglas is currently a substitute teacher for the Orange County Public Schools district. He is associated with the Sunrise Movement.

### 2024 Florida House election

Douglas announced his candidacy for the Florida House of Representatives from the 37th district, challenging first-term incumbent Susan Plasencia who flipped the district in 2022. He faced no opposition in the Democratic primary and went on to face Plasencia in the general election. During his campaign, Douglas was endorsed by Conngressman Maxwell Frost, state senator Victor M. Torres Jr., and former state representative Carlos Guillermo Smith. In November 2024, David Hogg canvassed for support alongside Douglas in the district. State Navigate predicted the district would vote in favor of the Democratic Party in the election.
After outraising Plascensia in campaign contributions by a 2-to-1 margin, Douglas was defeated 51%–49% in the general election.

## Personal life

Douglas is openly gay and lives in Orlando, Florida.
# Carlos Eduardo (footballer, born 1992)

Carlos Eduardo Soares Mota (born 24 February 1992), commonly known as Seco, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Liga 1 club Persija Jakarta.

## Club career

He made his national league debut for Brasil de Pelotas as a substitute for the injured Marcelo Pitol, against Paysandu in the 35 round of 2017 Campeonato Brasileiro Série B on 11 November 2017. He became first choice goalkeeper when Marcelo left the club at the end of 2018.

## Honours

Individual
* Liga 1 Save of the Month: December 2024