# List of members of the United States Congress by brevity of service

This is a list of United States congresspersons by brevity of service. It includes representatives and senators who have served less than six years in the Senate or less than two years in the House, not counting currently serving members. This list excludes members whose term ended with 73rd United States Congress that served the entirety of that term, which due to the Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution, only lasted from March 4, 1933, to January 3, 1935, and inaugural holders of Class 1 and Class 2 Senate seats that served the entirety of the first term, due to the initial terms being only 2 and 4 years long respectively, as the Senate classes were staggered so that a third of the seats would be up every two years.

## Key

| In green | Appointed to Senate or won special election |
| D | Died |
| R | Resigned |
| AE | Appointed or elected to a different office |
| O | Other reason for loss of office |

## Senate time

| Tenure | Tenure | Name | Party affiliation | State | Reason for leaving | Dates of service | Lifespan |
| 1 | 3 days | Louis C. Wyman (O) | Republican | New Hampshire | Initially won election to the Senate, but was appointed shortly before it convened to give him seniority over the rest of the incoming cohort. His seat was ruled to be vacant and a new election was held. | December 31, 1974 – January 3, 1975 | 1917–2002 |
| 2 | 8 days | Homer V. M. Miller (O) | Democratic | Georgia | Won election to the Senate, but was not seated until February 24, 1871, and served the remainder of his term. | February 24, 1871 – March 3, 1871 | 1814–1896 |
| 3 | 10 days | Alva M. Lumpkin (D) | Democratic | South Carolina | Appointed following the vacancy created by James F. Byrnes's appointment to the Supreme Court and later died. | July 22, 1941 – August 1, 1941 | 1886–1941 |
| 4 | 23 days | John N. Heiskell (O) | Democratic | Arkansas | Appointed by Governor George Washington Donaghey following the vacancy created by Jeff Davis's death. | January 6, 1913 – January 29, 1913 | 1872–1972 |
| 5 | 33 days | William Marmaduke Kavanaugh (O) | Democratic | Arkansas | Appointed by the Arkansas General Assembly following the vacancy created by Jeff Davis's death. | January 29, 1913 – March 3, 1913 | 1866–1915 |
| 6 | 44 days | Wilton E. Hall | Democratic | South Carolina | Appointed following the vacancy created by Ellison D. Smith's death and chose not to seek election. | November 20, 1944 – January 3, 1945 | 1901–1980 |
| 7 | 50 days | Rebecca Latimer Felton | Democratic | Georgia | Appointed and did not seek election. | November 21, 1922 – November 22, 1922 | 1835–1930 |
| 8 | 55 days | Thomas M. Storke | Democratic | California | Appointed as interim senator following the vacancy created by William Gibbs McAdoo's resignation and the inauguration of Sheridan Downey. | November 9, 1938 – January 3, 1939 | 1876–1971 |
| 9 | 59 days | Dean Barkley | Independence Party of Minnesota | Minnesota | Appointed following the death of Paul Wellstone. | November 4, 2002 – January 3, 2003 | 1950–present |
| 9 | 59 days | John Moses (D) | Democratic | North Dakota | Won in the general election, died in office. | January 3, 1945 – March 3, 1945 | 1885–1945 |
| 10 | 73 days | George Jones | Democratic-Republican | Georgia | Appointed to fill out the remainder of Abraham Baldwin's term. | August 27, 1807 – November 7, 1807 | 1766–1838 |
| 11 | 93 days | Jocelyn Burdick | Democratic | North Dakota | Appointed following the death of her husband Quentin Burdick. | September 12, 1992 – December 14, 1992 | 1922–2019 |
| 12 | 97 days | George Walton (R) | Federalist | Georgia | Appointed following the vacancy created by James Jackson's resignation. | November 16, 1795 – February 20, 1796 | 1749–1804 |
| 13 | 104 days | Elaine Edwards (R) | Democratic | Louisiana | Appointed following the death of Allen J. Ellender and later resigned. | August 1, 1972 – November 13, 1972 | 1929–2018 |
| 14 | 107 days | George Helmy (R) | Democratic | New Jersey | Appointed to fill out the remainder of Bob Menendez's term and did not seek election to a full term. | August 23, 2024 – December 8, 2024 | 1979–present |
| 15 | 110 days | Middleton P. Barrow | Democratic | Georgia | Appointed to fill out the remainder of Benjamin Harvey Hill's term and did not seek election to a term in his own right. | November 15, 1882 – March 3, 1883 | 1839–1903 |
| 16 | 117 days | Oliver H. Prince | Democratic | Georgia | Selected by the state legislature to fill the vacancy caused by Thomas W. Cobb's resignation. | November 7, 1828 – March 4, 1829 | 1782–1837 |
| 17 | 121 days | Carte Goodwin | Democratic | West Virginia | Appointed by Governor Joe Manchin on July 16, 2010, as a placeholder to fill the vacancy created by the death of Robert Byrd. | July 16, 2010 – November 15, 2010 | 1974–present |
| 18 | 129 days | Charles B. Mitchel (O) | Democratic | Arkansas | Elected in the general election and later expelled from the Senate. | March 4, 1861 – July 11, 1861 | 1815–1864 |
| 19 | 133 days | Paul G. Kirk | Democratic | Massachusetts | Appointed following the death of Ted Kennedy and chose not to run in the special election. | September 24, 2009 – February 4, 2010 | 1938–present |
| 20 | 143 days | Jeffrey Chiesa | Republican | New Jersey | Appointed following the death of Frank Lautenberg and chose not to run in the special election. | June 10, 2013 – October 31, 2013 | 1965–present |
| 21 | 144 days | Bob Krueger | Democratic | Texas | Appointed following the appointment of Lloyd Bentsen as Secretary of the Treasury and was defeated in the special election. | January 21, 1993 – June 14, 1993 | 1935–2022 |
| 22 | 144 days | Dixie Bibb Graves (R) | Democratic | Alabama | Appointed following the appointment of Hugo Black as a Supreme Court Justice and later resigned. | August 20, 1937 – January 10, 1938 | 1882–1965 |
| 23 | 144 days | George R. Swift | Democratic | Alabama | Appointed following the death of John H. Bankhead II. | June 15, 1946 – November 5, 1946 | 1887–1972 |
| 24 | 149 days | Sheila Frahm | Republican | Kansas | Appointed following the resignation of Bob Dole and was defeated in the Republican primary. | June 11, 1996 – November 7, 1996 | 1945–present |
| 25 | 152 days | Maryon Pittman Allen | Democratic | Alabama | Appointed following the death of her husband James Allen and later lost the Democratic primary for the special election. | June 8, 1978 – November 7, 1978 | 1925–2018 |
| 26 | 165 days | Mo Cowan | Democratic | Massachusetts | Appointed following the appointment of John Kerry as Secretary of State and chose not to run in the special election. | February 1, 2013 – July 16, 2013 | 1969–present |
| 27 | 193 days | Ernest W. Gibson, Jr. | Republican | Vermont | Appointed by Governor George D. Aiken following the death of his father, Ernest Willard Gibson. Chose not to run for election to the seat. | June 24, 1940 - January 3, 1941 | 1901-1969 |
| 28 | 213 days | William Bellinger Bulloch | Democratic-Republican | Georgia | Appointed following the resignation of William H. Crawford. | April 8, 1813 – November 6, 1813 | 1777–1852 |
| 29 | 215 days | Thomas A. Wofford | Democratic | South Carolina | Appointed following the resignation of Strom Thurmond and chose not to run in the special election. | April 5, 1956 – November 6, 1956 | 1908–1978 |
| 30 | 240 days | Joseph M. Terrell | Democratic | Georgia | Appointed following the death of Alexander S. Clay and resigned following a stroke. | November 17, 1910 – July 14, 1911 | 1861–1912 |
| 31 | 242 days | B. B. Comer | Democratic | Alabama | Appointed following the death of John H. Bankhead. | March 5, 1920 – November 2, 1920 | 1848–1927 |
| 32 | 247 days | William Stanley West | Democratic | Georgia | Appointed following the death of Augustus O. Bacon. | March 2, 1914 – November 3, 1914 | 1849–1914 |
| 33 | 259 days | Nicholas F. Brady | Republican | New Jersey | Appointed following the resignation of Harrison A. Williams. | April 12, 1982 – December 27, 1982 | 1930–present |
| 34 | 262 days | John S. Cohen | Democratic | Georgia | Appointed following the death of William J. Harris and chose not to run in the special election. | April 25, 1932 – January 11, 1933 | 1870–1935 |
| 35 | 274 days | Israel Pickens | Democratic | Alabama | Appointed following the death of Henry H. Chambers. | February 17, 1826 – November 27, 1826 | 1780–1827 |
| 36 | 275 days | John C. Breckinridge (O) | Democratic | Kentucky | Elected in the general election and later expelled from the Senate. | March 4, 1861 – December 4, 1861 | 1821–1875 |
| 37 | 277 days | Robert M. Charlton | Democratic | Georgia | Appointed following the resignation of John M. Berrien. | May 31, 1852 – March 4, 1853 | 1807–1854 |
| 38 | 297 days | Francis S. White | Democratic | Alabama | Elected in the special election following the death of Joseph F. Johnston. Did not run for reelection. | May 11, 1914 – March 3, 1915 | 1847–1922 |
| 39 | 299 days | Waldo P. Johnson (O) | Democratic | Missouri | Elected in the general election and later expelled from the Senate. | March 17, 1861 – January 10, 1862 | 1817–1885 |
| 40 | 303 days | George S. Houston (D) | Democratic | Alabama | Elected in the general election and died in office. | March 4, 1879 – December 31, 1879 | 1811–1879 |
| 41 | 307 days | Luther Strange | Republican | Alabama | Appointed to fill the seat vacated by Jeff Sessions after his resignation to become U.S. Attorney General, but subsequently lost the Republican primary for the special election. | February 9, 2017 – January 3, 2018 | 1953–present |
| 42 | 322 days | Luke Pryor | Democratic | Alabama | Appointed following the death of George S. Houston. | January 7, 1880 – November 23, 1880 | 1820–1900 |
| 43 | 327 days | Henry H. Chambers (D) | Jacksonian | Alabama | Died in office. | March 4, 1825 – January 24, 1826 | 1790–1826 |
| 44 | 337 days | Patrick Walsh | Democratic | Georgia | Appointed to fill out the remainder of the term of Alfred H. Colquitt. | April 2, 1894 – March 3, 1895 | 1840–1899 |
| 45 | 340 days | William Blount (O) | Democratic-Republican | Tennessee | Appointed as Tennessee's first senator and was later expelled from the Senate. | August 2, 1796 – July 8, 1797 | 1749–1800 |
| 46 | 373 days | Hiram Rhodes Revels | Republican | Mississippi | Elected in a special election following Mississippi's readmission into the United States and later chose not to seek reelection. | February 23, 1870 – March 3, 1871 | 1827–1901 |
| 47 | 380 days | Kelly Loeffler | Republican | Georgia | Appointed to fill the vacancy created by the resignation of Johnny Isakson, lost subsequent special runoff election. | January 6, 2020 – January 20, 2021 | 1970–present |
| 48 | 389 days | Kaneaster Hodges Jr. | Democratic | Arkansas | Appointed to fill the vacancy created by the death of John L. McClellan, prohibited by state law from seeking election to fill the vacancy. | December 10, 1977 – January 3, 1979 | 1938–2022 |
| 49 | 434 days | Laphonza Butler (R) | Democratic | California | Appointed to fill the vacancy created by Dianne Feinstein's death and did not seek election to a full term. | October 1, 2023 – December 8, 2024 | 1979–present |
| 50 | 474 days | Louis Wigfall (O) | Democratic | Texas | Appointed to fill the vacancy created by James Pinckney Henderson's death and later expelled from the Senate. | December 5, 1859 – March 23, 1861 | 1816–1874 |
| 51 | 642 days | Lloyd Spencer (O) | Democratic | Arkansas | Appointed to fill the vacancy created by John E. Miller's resignation to become a judge and did not run for election. | April 1, 1941 – January 3, 1943 | 1893–1981 |
| 52 | 668 days | Ted Kaufman | Democratic | Delaware | Appointed to fill the vacancy created by Joe Biden's resignation and chose not to run in the special election. | January 16, 2009 – November 15, 2010 | 1939–present |
| 53 | 690 days | Jean Carnahan | Democratic | Missouri | Appointed to fill vacancy created by her husband Mel Carnahan's death who died before being elected. Jean Carnahan was defeated in a special election to fill the remainder of the term. | January 3, 2001 - November 23, 2002 | 1933–2024 |
| 54 | 698 days | Harlan Mathews | Democratic | Tennessee | Appointed to fill the vacancy created by Al Gore's resignation and chose not to run in the special election. | January 2, 1993 – December 1, 1994 | 1927–2014 |
| 55 | 699 days | Martha McSally | Republican | Arizona | Appointed to fill the vacancy created by Jon Kyl, lost subsequent special election. | January 3, 2019 – December 2, 2020 | 1966–present |
| 56 | 738 days | JD Vance (AE) | Republican | Ohio | Elected in the general election and later resigned after winning the 2024 election as vice president. | January 3, 2023 – January 10, 2025 | 1984–present |
| 57 | 762 days | Richard Nixon (AE) | Republican | California | Appointed following the resignation of Sheridan Downey to the seat he recently won the election for to gain seniority and later elected to the vice presidency. | December 1, 1950 – January 1, 1953 | 1913–1994 |
| 58 | 787 days | Donald Stewart | Democratic | Alabama | Elected in a special election following the death of James Allen. Lost renomination and resigned. | November 8, 1978 – January 2, 1981 | 1940–present |
| 59 | 813 days | William Kelly | Democratic-Republican | Alabama | Elected following the resignation of John Williams Walker. | December 12, 1822 – March 3, 1825 | 1786–1834 |
| 60 | 1,064 days | Scott Brown | Republican | Massachusetts | Won special election against Martha Coakley to finish Ted Kennedy's term in 2010, and sworn on February 4, 2010. Subsequently lost regular election for next term against Democrat Elizabeth Warren. | February 4, 2010 – January 3, 2013 | 1959–present |
| 61 | 1,095 days | John Williams Walker (R) | Democratic-Republican | Alabama | Resigned due to failing health. | December 14, 1819 – December 12, 1822 | 1783–1823 |
| 62 | 1,096 days | Doug Jones | Democratic | Alabama | Won special election against Roy Moore to finish Jeff Sessions's term in 2017, and sworn in January 2018. Subsequently lost regular election for next term against Republican Tommy Tuberville. | January 3, 2018 – January 3, 2021 | 1954–present |
| 63 | 1,100 days | William Wyatt Bibb | Democratic-Republican | Georgia | Elected following the resignation of William H. Crawford. | November 6, 1813 – November 9, 1816 | 1781–1820 |
| 64 | 1,108 days | Josiah Tattnall | Democratic-Republican | Georgia | Elected following the resignation of James Jackson. | February 20, 1796 – March 4, 1799 | 1765–1803 |
| 65 | 1,190 days | Jeremiah Clemens | Democratic | Alabama | Elected following the death of Dixon Hall Lewis. | November 30, 1849 – March 4, 1853 | 1814–1865 |
| 66 | 1,232 days | John E. Miller (R) | Democratic | Arkansas | Elected in special election to fill the vacancy created by Joseph T. Robinson's death and resigned to become a judge. | November 15, 1937 – March 31, 1941 | 1888–1981 |
| 67 | 1,245 days | John Milledge | Democratic-Republican | Georgia | Elected following the death of James Jackson. | June 19, 1806 – November 14, 1809 | 1757–1818 |
| 68 | 1,413 days | Barack Obama (AE) | Democratic | Illinois | Elected in the general election and later resigned after winning the 2008 presidential election. | January 3, 2005 – November 16, 2008 | 1961–present |
| 69 | 1,476 days | Kamala Harris (AE) | Democratic | California | Elected in the general election and later resigned after winning the 2020 election as vice president. | January 3, 2017 – January 18, 2021 | 1964–present |
| 70 | 1,779 days | John Forsyth (AE) | Democratic-Republican/​Jacksonian | Georgia | Elected following the resignation of George Troup, then resigned to become U.S. Minister to Spain. Elected again following the resignation of John M. Berrien, re-elected, and then resigned to become U.S. Secretary of State. | November 23, 1818 – February 17, 1819; November 9, 1829 – June 27, 1834 | 1780–1841 |
| 71 | 1,964 days | William H. Crawford (AE) | Democratic-Republican | Georgia | Elected in a special election following the death of Abraham Baldwin. Re-elected, then resigned to become U.S. Minister to France. | November 7, 1807 – March 23, 1813 | 1772–1834 |

## House time

| Tenure | Tenure | Name | Party affiliation | State | Reason for leaving | Dates of service | Lifespan |
| 1 | 1 day | Effingham Lawrence (O) | Democratic | Louisiana | The results of the 1872 election in the district were contested, and the House did not declare Lawrence the winner of the election and seat him until March 3, 1875, the day before the term was to expire. | March 3, 1875 – March 4, 1875 | 1820–1878 |
| 1 | 1 day | George A. Sheridan (O) | Liberal Republican | Louisiana | The results of the 1872 election in the district were contested, and the House did not declare Sheridan the winner of the election and seat him until March 3, 1875, the day before the term was to expire. | March 3, 1875 – March 4, 1875 | 1840–1896 |
| 3 | 2 days | Turner M. Marquett (O) | Republican | Nebraska | Elected to the at-large seat of the new State of Nebraska, but, because the state was not formally admitted to the Union until March 2, 1867, he was only able to serve as a representative for two days. | March 2, 1867 – March 4, 1867 | 1831–1894 |
| 3 | 2 days | Gustavus Sessinghaus (O) | Republican | Missouri | The results of the 1880 election in the district were contested, and the House did not declare Sessinghaus the winner of the election and seat him until March 2, 1883, two days before the term was to expire. | March 2, 1883 – March 4, 1883 | 1838–1887 |
| 5 | 29 days | Walter W. Bankhead (R) | Democratic | Alabama | Won in the general election and later resigned. | January 3, 1941 – February 1, 1941 | 1897–1988 |
| 6 | 31 days | Kwanza Hall | Democratic | Georgia | Won special runoff election one month after general election day to fill John Lewis's seat after his death and was not a candidate in the regular election. | December 3, 2020 – January 3, 2021 | 1971–present |
| 7 | 35 days | Brenda Jones | Democratic | Michigan | Won special election and was defeated in Democratic primary for a full term. | November 29, 2018 – January 3, 2019 | 1959–present |
| 8 | 39 days | James Mann (D) | Democratic | Louisiana | Won in the general election and died in office. | July 18, 1868 – August 26, 1868 | 1822–1868 |
| 9 | 51 days | David Curson | Democratic | Michigan | Won special election and did not seek reelection. | November 13, 2012 – January 3, 2013 | 1948–2024 |
| 10 | 51 days | Shelley Sekula-Gibbs | Republican | Texas | Won special election but lost regular general election (as a write-in candidate) held the same day. | November 13, 2006 – January 3, 2007 | 1953–present |
| 11 | 53 days | Erica Lee Carter | Democratic | Texas | Won special election to fill the seat of her deceased mother, Sheila Jackson Lee, and did not run in the general election. | November 12, 2024 – January 3, 2025 | 1980–present |
| 12 | 54 days | Douglas Hemphill Elliott | Republican | Pennsylvania | Won special election to fill Richard M. Simpson's seat following his death and died in office. | April 26, 1960 – June 19, 1960 | 1921–1960 |
| 13 | 58 days | Willa L. Fulmer | Democratic | South Carolina | Won special election to fill her husband Hampton P. Fulmer's vacant seat following his death and did not seek reelection. | November 7, 1944 – January 3, 1945 | 1884–1968 |
| 14 | 61 days | Sylvester Turner (D) | Democratic | Texas | Won in the general election and died in office. | January 3, 2025 – March 5, 2025 | 1954–2025 |
| 15 | 62 days | Lewis E. Sawyer | Democratic | Arkansas | Won in the general election and died in office. | March 4, 1923 – May 5, 1923 | 1867–1923 |
| 16 | 84 days | Nathaniel D. Wallace | Democratic | Louisiana | Won special election and did not seek reelection. | December 9, 1886 – March 3, 1887 | 1845–1894 |
| 17 | 89 days | John W. Hunter | Democratic | New York | Won special election to fill James Humphrey's seat following his death and did not seek reelection. | December 4, 1866 – March 3, 1867 | 1807–1900 |
| 18 | 90 days | Alexander Boarman | Liberal Republican | Louisiana | Won special election and lost reelection. | December 3, 1872 – March 3, 1873 | 1839–1916 |
| 18 | 90 days | Benjamin Flanders | Unionist | Louisiana | Won special election and did not seek reelection. | December 3, 1862 – March 3, 1863 | 1816–1896 |
| 20 | 95 days | William Francis Strudwick | Federalist | North Carolina | Won a special election to replace Absalom Tatom and did not seek reelection. | November 28, 1796 – March 3, 1797 | 1765–1812 |
| 21 | 107 days | Robert L. Coffey (D) | Democratic | Pennsylvania | Won in the general election and died in office. | January 3, 1949 – April 20, 1949 | 1918–1949 |
| 22 | 112 days | Joe Sempolinski | Republican | New York | Won in a special election to replace Tom Reed and did not seek reelection. | September 13, 2022 – January 3, 2023 | 1983–present |
| 23 | 118 days | J. Smith Young | Democratic | Louisiana | Won special election to fill John E. Leonard's seat following his death and did not seek reelection. | November 5, 1878 – March 3, 1879 | 1834–1916 |
| 24 | 121 days | Richard Alvin Tonry (R) | Democratic | Louisiana | Won in the general election and later resigned. | January 3, 1977 – May 4, 1977 | 1935–2012 |
| 25 | 152 days | John William Reid (O) | Democratic | Missouri | Won in the general election and later expelled from the House. | March 4, 1861 – August 3, 1861 | 1821–1881 |
| 26 | 179 days | Greg Lopez | Republican | Colorado | Won in the special election to replace Ken Buck and did not run in the general election. | July 8, 2024 – January 3, 2025 | 1964–present |
| 27 | 188 days | Jean Spencer Ashbrook | Republican | Ohio | Won in a special election to replace her husband John M. Ashbrook and did not seek reelection. | June 29, 1982 – January 3, 1983 | 1934–present |
| 28 | 196 days | Mayra Flores | Republican | Texas | Won in a special election to replace Filemon Vela Jr. and lost reelection. | June 21, 2022 – January 3, 2023 | 1986–present |
| 29 | 203 days | Connie Conway | Republican | California | Won in a special election to replace Devin Nunes and did not seek reelection. | June 14, 2022 – January 3, 2023 | 1950–present |
| 30 | 207 days | James C. Alvord (D) | Whig | Massachusetts | Won in the general election and later died. | March 4, 1839 – September 27, 1839 | 1808–1839 |
| 30 | 207 days | Alton Waldon | Democratic | New York | Won in a special election to replace Joseph P. Addabbo and later lost renomination. | June 10, 1986 – January 3, 1987 | 1936–2023 |
| 32 | 214 days | William B. Spencer (R) | Democratic | Louisiana | Won a special election, and resigned to accept a judicial appointment. | June 8, 1876 – January 8, 1877 | 1835–1882 |
| 33 | 222 days | Larkin I. Smith (D) | Republican | Mississippi | Won in the general election and later died. | January 3, 1989 – August 13, 1989 | 1944–1989 |
| 34 | 226 days | Charles Djou | Republican | Hawaii | Won in a special election to replace Neil Abercrombie and later lost reelection. | May 22, 2010 – January 3, 2011 | 1970–present |
| 35 | 228 days | W. Jasper Blackburn | Republican | Louisiana | Elected following Louisiana's readmission to the Union. | July 18, 1868 – March 3, 1869 | 1820–1899 |
| 35 | 228 days | Michel Vidal | Republican | Louisiana | Elected following Louisiana's readmission to the Union. | July 18, 1868 – March 3, 1869 | 1824–1895 |
| 37 | 241 days | James Davenport (D) | Federalist | Connecticut | Won in a special election to replace James Hillhouse and later died. | December 5, 1796 – August 3, 1797 | 1758–1797 |
| 38 | 245 days | Don Cazayoux | Democratic | Louisiana | Won in a special election to replace Richard Baker and later lost reelection. | May 3, 2008 – January 3, 2009 | 1964–present |
| 39 | 246 days | James McCleery (D) | Republican | Louisiana | Died in office. | March 4, 1871 – November 5, 1871 | 1837–1871 |
| 40 | 298 days | Walter Capps (D) | Democratic | California | Won in the general election and later died in office. | January 3, 1997 – October 28, 1997 | 1934–1997 |
| 41 | 304 days | Katie Hill (R) | Democratic | California | Won in the general election and later resigned. | January 3, 2019 – November 3, 2019 | 1987–present |
| 42 | 332 days | George Santos (O) | Republican | New York | Won in the general election and later expelled from House. | January 3, 2023 – December 1, 2023 | 1988–present |
| 43 | 358 days | Henry Latimer (AE) | Federalist | Delaware | Lost in the general election, but contested the results and was ruled as the victor causing a delayed inauguration and later elected to Senate. | February 14, 1794 – February 7, 1795 | 1752–1819 |
| 44 | 376 days | John E. Leonard (D) | Republican | Louisiana | Died in office. | March 4, 1877 – March 15, 1878 | 1845–1878 |
| 45 | 382 days | Bill Janklow (R) | Republican | South Dakota | Won in the general election and later resigned due to causing a fatal car crash. | January 3, 2003 – January 20, 2004 | 1939–2012 |
| 46 | 383 days | Anthony Wayne (O) | Democratic | Georgia | Won in the general election, but seat was later ruled as vacant due to dispute over his residency. | March 4, 1791 – March 21, 1792 | 1745–1796 |
| 47 | 389 days | Trey Radel (R) | Republican | Florida | Won in the general election and later resigned. | January 3, 2013 – January 27, 2014 | 1976–present |
| 48 | 413 days | Vance McAllister (R) | Republican | Louisiana | Won a special election to replace Rodney Alexander and later did not seek reelection. | November 16, 2013 – January 3, 2015 | 1974–present |
| 49 | 417 days | Pierre Bossier (D) | Democratic | Louisiana | Died in office. | March 4, 1843 – April 24, 1844 | 1797–1844 |
| 50 | 425 days | George Allen | Republican | Virginia | Won a special election to replace D. French Slaughter Jr. and later chose not to seek reelection. | November 5, 1991 – January 3, 1993 | 1952–present |
| 51 | 455 days | Absalom Tatom (R) | Democratic-Republican | North Carolina | Won in the general election and later resigned. | March 4, 1795 – June 1, 1796 | 1742–1802 |
| 52 | 464 days | George Luke Smith | Republican | Louisiana | Won a special election following the death of Representative-elect Samuel Peters. Lost re-election. | November 24, 1873 – March 3, 1875 | 1837–1884 |
| 53 | 466 days | Michael Hahn (D) | Unionist, Republican | Louisiana | Elected late from Union-occupied Louisiana during the Civil War. Louisiana lost representation after the 37th Congress. Later elected again, but died in office. | December 3, 1862 – March 4, 1863; March 4, 1885 – March 15, 1886 | 1830–1886 |
| 54 | 475 days | Samuel Louis Gilmore (D) | Democratic | Louisiana | Died in office. | March 30, 1909 – July 18, 1910 | 1859–1910 |
| 55 | 478 days | Bob Turner | Republican | New York | Won a special election to replace Anthony Weiner and did not seek reelection. | September 13, 2011 – January 3, 2013 | 1941–present |
| 56 | 492 days | Eric Massa (R) | Democratic | New York | Won in the general election and later resigned. | January 3, 2009 – March 8, 2010 | 1969–present |
| 57 | 512 days | Joseph P. Newsham | Republican | Louisiana | Elected upon Louisiana's readmission to the Union and did not seek reelection. Later elected in a special election to replace Michel Vidal, and did not seek reelection. | July 18, 1868 – March 3, 1869 May 23, 1870 – March 3, 1871 | 1837–1919 |
| 58 | 522 days | Frank Ballance (R) | Democratic | North Carolina | Won in the general election and later resigned. | January 3, 2003 – June 8, 2004 | 1942–2019 |
| 59 | 528 days | George Partridge (R) | Pro-Administration | Massachusetts | Won in the general election and later resigned. | March 4, 1789 – August 14, 1790 | 1740–1828 |
| 60 | 531 days | Joseph F. Smith | Democratic | Pennsylvania | Won in a special election to replace Raymond Lederer and later lost in the Democratic primary. | July 21, 1981 – January 3, 1983 | 1920–1999 |
| 60 | 531 days | Charles Magill Conrad (AE) | Whig | Louisiana | Resigned following appointment as U.S. Secretary of War. | March 4, 1849 – August 17, 1850 | 1804–1878 |
| 62 | 556 days | Karen Handel | Republican | Georgia | Won a special election to replace Tom Price and later lost reelection. | June 26, 2017 – January 3, 2019 | 1962–present |
| 63 | 564 days | Mark Takai (D) | Democratic | Hawaii | Won in the general election and later died in office. | January 3, 2015 – July 20, 2016 | 1967–2016 |
| 64 | 582 days | Kathy Hochul | Democratic | New York | Won a special election to replace Chris Lee and later lost reelection. | June 1, 2011 – January 3, 2013 | 1962–present |
| 64 | 582 days | Benjamin Franklin Whittemore (R) | Republican | South Carolina | Won a special election following South Carolina's readmission into the Union and later resigned. | July 18, 1868 – February 24, 1870 | 1824–1894 |
| 66 | 594 days | Lovell Rousseau (R) | Unconditional Unionist | Kentucky | Elected in the general election, but resigned after being censured only to run in the special election and won to replace himself and later did not seek reelection. | March 4, 1865 – July 21, 1866; December 3, 1866 – March 3, 1867 | 1818–1869 |
| 67 | 600 days | Bill Redmond | Republican | New Mexico | Won a special election to replace Bill Richardson and later lost reelection. | May 13, 1997 – January 3, 1999 | 1955–present |
| 68 | 602 days | John T. Deweese (R) | Republican | North Carolina | Won a special election following North Carolina's readmission into the Union and later resigned. | July 6, 1868 – February 28, 1870 | 1835-1906 |
| 69 | 609 days | Peter W. Barca | Democratic | Wisconsin | Won a special election to replace Les Aspin and later lost reelection. | May 4, 1993 – January 3, 1995 | 1955–present |
| 70 | 614 days | Scott Murphy | Democratic | New York | Won a special election to replace Kirsten Gillibrand and later lost reelection. | April 29, 2009 – January 3, 2011 | 1970–present |
| 70 | 614 days | Uriah Forrest (R) | Federalist | Maryland | Won in the general election and later resigned. | March 4, 1793 – November 8, 1794 | 1756-1805 |
| 72 | 644 days | Catherine Small Long | Democratic | Louisiana | Won a special election to replace her husband Gillis William Long and later chose not to run for reelection. | March 30, 1985 – January 3, 1987 | 1924–2019 |
| 73 | 661 days | John H. Overton | Democratic | Louisiana | Won a special election to replace James B. Aswell. Did not seek reelection to the House. | May 12, 1931 – March 3, 1933 | 1875–1948 |
| 74 | 674 days | Sam Brownback (AE) | Republican | Kansas | Won in the general election and later the special Senate election to replace Bob Dole. | January 3, 1995 – November 7, 1996 | 1956–present |
| 75 | 730 days | Tim Scott (AE; R) | Republican | South Carolina | Won in the general election, and later won reelection, but he resigned a day before his initial House term ended to accept appointment to the Senate. | January 3, 2011 – January 2, 2013 | 1965–present |