OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Nether Wyresdale

Nether Wyresdale is a civil parish in Lancashire, England. In the 2001 United Kingdom census, it had a population of 613, rising to 655 at the 2011 census.

## History

Along with Over Wyresdale, Nether Wyresdale probably formed part of the manor of Wyresdale in the 12th century. Historically, the village formed part of Garstang Rural District and the ecclesiastical parish of Garstang.

## Governance

Nether Wyresdale is in the non-metropolitan district of Wyre, in the parliamentary constituency of Lancaster and Fleetwood and is represented at parliament by Labour MP Cat Smith. Prior to Brexit in 2020 it was part of European Parliament constituency of North West England. The village is in the electoral ward called Wyresdale. This ward has a total population taken at the 2011 census of 2,035.

## Geography

Nether Wyresdale is approximately 8 miles (13 km) south of Lancaster and approximately 16 miles (26 km) north of Preston. It is situated between the River Wyre and Grizedale Brook. It includes the village of Scorton, the hamlet of Street, and part of the village of Dolphinholme.

## Church

The parish church of St Peter (located in Scorton) was built 1878–79 to a design by Lancaster architects Paley and Austin. It is a Grade II listed building.
There is also a Catholic church and a Methodist chapel in Scorton.

## Notable people

* James Baines (1648-1717), draper and philanthropist
* Richard Jackson (1783-1846), Quaker minister
# Hebrew birthday

A Hebrew birthday (also known as a Jewish birthday) is the date on which a person is born according to the Hebrew calendar. This is important for Jews, particularly when calculating the correct date for day of birth, day of death, a bar mitzva or a bat mitzva. This is because the Jewish calendar differs from the secular and Christian Gregorian calendar as well as from the Islamic calendar, in most years the two birthdays do not coincide - typically, they coincide just once in 19 years.
    "A person wanting to know the civil date for celebrating a Jewish birthday ... must first determine the date within the Jewish calendar (not necessarily a straightforward procedure) and then determine the corresponding day in the civil calendar." The exercise is made more complicated by the fact that Jewish days start and end in the evening, so a person born after dusk will have the following day's date as their birthday.
Especially among Hasidic Jews, there is a custom that a boy's first haircut takes place on his third Hebrew birthday known as an upsherin.
"A person wanting to know the civil date for celebrating a Jewish birthday must first determine the date within the Jewish calendar (not necessarily a straightforward procedure) and then determine the corresponding day in the civil calendar.[4]"
# Kayan–Murik languages

The Kayanic or Kayan–Murik languages are a group of Austronesian languages spoken in Borneo by the Kayan, Morek Baram, Bahau, and related peoples.

## Languages

The Kayanic languages are:
* Kayan proper: Bahau, various languages called Kayan
* Modang: Modang, Segai (Punan Kelai)
* Müller-Schwaner "Punan": Hovongan, Aoheng, (Punan) Aput, Punan Merah, Kereho-Uheng
* Murik
Robert Blust (1991) specifically excluded Kayan from his North Bornean languages. He removed Bukat from Kayan in 2010.
Müller-Schwaner Punan languages are classified by Smith (2017) as Central Sarawak.

### Smith (2017, 2019)

Smith (2017, 2019) classifies the Kayanic languages as follows:
* Kayanic
** Kayan–Murik
*** Kayan (Baram, Rejang-Busang, Bahau, Data Dian)
*** Murik–Merap (Ngorek, Pua’, Huang Bau, Merap)
** Segai–Modang
*** Segai (Gaai, (Punan) Kelai)
*** Modang (Kelinjau Modang, Wahau Modang, Long Gelat)
Smith (2018) is a lexical database of Wahau, Gaai, Kelai, Woq Helaq (Jiu Luai), Méi lan, Woq Helaq (Hibau), Long Gelat, Ngorek, Mpraa, Baram Kayan, Apo Kayan, Balui Liko Kayan, Busang, and Bahau Saq.

## West Kalimantan groups

Some Kayanic-speaking Dayak ethnic subgroups and their respective languages in West Kalimantan province, Indonesia:
    GroupLanguageRegency BuketBuketKapuas Hulu KayaanKayaanKapuas Hulu PunanPunanKapuas Hulu
# Department of Treasury, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco & Firearms v. Galioto

Department of Treasury, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms v. Galioto, 477 U.S. 556 (1986), was a United States Supreme Court case.

## Background

Generally, convicted felons and mental patients are prohibited from purchasing firearms in the United States. A federal statute, 18 U.S.C. § 925 allowed some felons to appeal to the BATF to restore their rights to purchase firearms. At that time, prior mental patients did not have a similar route to restore their right to purchase firearms. The appellee argued that this was unreasonable and discriminatory.
Between the time that the Court agreed to hear Galioto, and the time that the case was heard, PL 99-308 was signed into law, allowing former mental patients to appeal to restore their rights to purchase firearms, rendering the case moot.
# EEOC v. Wyoming

EEOC v. Wyoming, 460 U.S. 226 (1983), is a United States Supreme Court case about forcible retirement of an employee of the Wyoming Game and Fish Department. The court held the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 makes it unlawful for an employer to discriminate against any employee or potential employee between the ages of 40 and 70 on the basis of age, except "where age is a bona fide occupational qualification reasonably necessary to the normal operation of the particular business. or where the differentiation is based on reasonable factors other than age."
The EEOC was represented by Solicitor General Rex E. Lee.
# Formula Beat

Formula Beat, known as JAF Japan Formula 4 (JAF 地方選手権 F4, JAF Chihou Senshuken) until its rebranding in 2023, is a formula racing class in Japan. The class was founded in 1993 by the Japan Automobile Federation as a class above FJ1600 and below the former All-Japan Formula Three Championship and the current Formula Regional Japanese Championship and Super Formula Lights.

## Car

Formula Beat is an open chassis class, open for all chassis manufacturers. Since 2012 the engines have been limited to a maximum capacity of 2,000cc. Currently the cars are allowed to be fitted with a Honda K20A, Toyota 3ZR or Nissan SR20 engine. In the early 2010s, most cars were primarily built by Japanese constructor West Racing Cars, but the championship has since seen entries from older Dallara-built Formula 3 cars and Tatuus chassis.

## Champions
### 1993-1996

| Season | Suzuka Champion | TI Champion | Tsukuba (1993-96)/Mine Champion | Super F4 Champion |
| 1993 | Ryō Michigami | Ryō Michigami | Not held | Not held |
| 1994 | Hiroshi Sasaki | Yutaka Okano | Not held | Not held |
| 1995 | Shōta Mizuno | Tatsuya Mizutani | Yasuhisa Fujiwara | Not held |
| 1996 | Tsuyoshi Takahashi | Ryōhei Sakaguchi | Takaya Tsubobayashi | Not held |
| 1997 | Yūsuke Matsuura | Akihiro Asai | Seiji Yoshimura | Not held |
| 1998 | Kōta Sasaki | Naoki Yokobayashi | Kōta Sasaki | Naoki Yokobayashi |
| 1999 | Not held | Not held | Hideki Nishimura | Takeshi Ohtani |
| 2000 | Not held | Not held | Shun Nakamura | Takahiro Ogawa |

### 1997-present

| Season | Kantō Champion | Kansai Champion |
| 1997 | Akihiro Asai | N/A |
| 1998 | Takeyuki Kishi | N/A |
| 1999 | Touya Higuchi | Keita Sawa |
| 2000 | Issei Nishio | Hideaki Nakao |
| 2001 | Naohiro Kawano | Kenji Kanehisa |
| 2002 | Tetsuya Fujisawa | Katsumasa Katayose |
| 2003 | Kei Idaka | Kenji Ōtaki |
| Season | East Champion | West Champion |
| 2004 | Masanobu Katō | Koudai Tsukakoshi |
| 2005 | Satoru Okada | Masaki Tanaka |
| 2006 | Muneyuki Kurihara | Taku Ikeda |
| 2007 | Kei Idaka | Yoshinari Tomimoto |
| 2008 | Yūsuke Tsuchiya | Shōta Hanaoka |
| 2009 | Tsubasa Kondō | Shōta Hanaoka |
| 2010 | Makoto Kanai | Naoki Nishimoto |
| 2011 | Yuhi Sekiguchi | Ryō Hirakawa |
| 2012 | Ryōsuke Takehira | Kosuke Hattori |
| 2013 | Kenta Yamashita | Shintarō Kawabata |
| 2014 | Yuichi Mikasa | Yūya Hiraki |
| 2015 | Tadasuke Makino | Tadasuke Makino |
| 2016 | Toshiki Ōyu | Toshiki Ōyu |
| 2017 | Yūki Tsunoda | Keisuke Ohara |
| 2018 | Makoto Kanai | Norio Kubo |
| Champion |||
| 2019 | Kōhei Tokumasu | Kōhei Tokumasu |
| 2020 | Isao Nakajima | Isao Nakajima |
| 2021 | Seiya Motojima | Seiya Motojima |
| 2022 | Itsuki Satō | Itsuki Satō |
| 2023 | Kōta Sasaki | Kōta Sasaki |
| 2024 | Hammer Izawa | Hammer Izawa |
# Turkish civil code (1926)

Turkish civil code (Turkish: Türk Kanunu Medenisi) is one of the earliest laws in the history of Turkey within the scope of the Turkish Revolution.

## Background

During the Ottoman Empire, the legal system of Turkey was Sharia like other Muslim countries. A committee headed by Ahmet Cevdet Pasha in 1877 compiled the rules of Sharia. Although this was an improvement, it still lacked modern concepts. Besides two different legal systems were adopted; one for the Muslim and the other for the non Muslim subjects of the empire. After the proclamation of Turkish Republic on 29 October 1923, Turkey began to adopt modern laws.

## Preparation

The Turkish parliament formed a committee to compare the civil codes of European countries. Austrian, German, French, and Swiss civil codes were examined. Finally on 25 December 1925 the commission decided on the Swiss civil code as a model for the Turkish civil code. The Turkish Civil Code was enacted on 17 February 1926. The preamble to the Code was written by Mahmut Esat Bozkurt, the minister of justice in the 4th government of Turkey.

## Women's rights

Although the code addressed many areas of modern life, the most important articles dealt with women’s rights. For the first time, women and men were acknowledged to be equal. Under the prior legal system, women’s share in inheritance and the weight of women’s testimony in court were half that of men. Under the code, men and women were made equal with regard to inheritance and testimony.
Furthermore, civil marriage was made compulsory, and polygamy was banned. Women were given the right to choose any profession. Universal women's suffrage, however, was not established until 5 December 1934.
# Marlow Award

The Marlow Medal and Prize is an early-career award in physical chemistry given by the Royal Society of Chemistry. One or two prizewinners each year, who must be junior researchers under 35 or within 10 years of completing their doctorate, receive £2000 and hold lectures at universities in the UK. The award was established in 1957 and commemorates the chemist George Stanley Withers Marlow (1889–1948).
Award winners are also entitled to £3000 in travel expenses to give a lecture tour in Australia, New Zealand, Singapore or Malaysia. This lecture series, instituted in 1981, is named for Robert Anthony Robinson (1903–1979).

## Winners

| 2022 | Basile Curchod |
| 2021 | Brianna Heazlewood |
| 2020 | Radha Boya |
| 2019 | Samuel Stranks, University of Cambridge. |
| 2018 | Artem Bakulin [Wikidata] |
| 2017 | Steven F. Lee [Wikidata] |
| 2016 | Józef R. Lewandowski |
| 2015 | Philipp Kukura, Flemming Hansen |
| 2014 | Cinzia Casiraghi |
| 2013 | Andrew Goodwin |
| 2012 | Robert Best [Wikidata] |
| 2011 | Sharon Ashbrook |
| 2010 | Angelos Michaelides [Wikidata] |
| 2008 | Stefan Willitsch [Wikidata] |
| 2007 | Alessandro Troisi [Wikidata] |
| 2006 | Frederick R. Manby [Wikidata] |
| 2005 | Julie V. Macpherson |
| 2004 | Jonathan Reid [Wikidata] |
| 2003 | Darren J. Caruana |
| 2002 | Jonathan W. Essex [Wikidata] |
| 2001 | Helen H. Fielding |
| 2000 | Jonathan A. Jones |
| 1999 | Andrew Orr-Ewing |
| 1998 | Stephen D. Price [Wikidata] |
| 1997 | Patrick Unwin [Wikidata] |
| 1996 | Kenneth David Maclean Harris [Wikidata] |
| 1995 | David E. Manolopoulos [Wikidata] |
| 1994 | Peter J. Knowles [Wikidata] |
| 1993 | George S. Attard |
| 1992 | not awarded |
| 1991 | Stephen Keith Scott [Wikidata] |
| 1990 | David Logan |
| 1989 | James Edward Baggott |
| 1988 | Steven J. Sibener |
| 1987 | Michael Ashfold |
| 1986 | David Clary |
| 1985 | Dominic Tildesley |
| 1984 | Neville V. Richardson |
| 1983 | David W. Oxtoby |
| 1981 | Godfrey S. Beddard, Graham Richard Fleming |
| 1980 | John Paul Maier [Wikidata] |
| 1979 | Thomas F. George |
| 1978 | R. Guy Woolley |
| 1977 | Jonathan N. L. Connor [Wikidata] |
| 1976 | James Joseph Burton [Wikidata] |
| 1975 | Geoffrey Duxbury |
| 1974 | Roger Grice [Wikidata] |
| 1973 | Karl F. Freed |
| 1972 | Graham Richards |
| 1971 | Geoffrey Luckhurst [Wikidata] |
| 1970 | Michael Arthur Alderson Clyne |
| 1969 | John Michael White |
| 1968 | Michael Anthony Atherton |
| 1967 | C. N. Ramachandra Rao |
| 1966 | Alan Carrington |
| 1965 | Alastair M. North |
| 1963 | Stuart A. Rice |
| 1962 | John C. Polanyi |
| 1961 | John Stanley Griffith |
| 1959 | Peter Gray |
| 1958 | John Pople |
| 1957 | John Shipley Rowlinson |
# Hambirrao Mohite

Hansaji Mohite (1630–1687), popularly known as Hambir Rao Mohite, was a prominent Maratha general who held the esteemed position of the 5th Senapati of the Maratha Army during the reign of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj. He was recognized for his exceptional military prowess and successfully led various campaigns on behalf of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, subsequently continuing his service under Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj.
Hambirrao's true name was Hansaji, and the title Hambir Rao was bestowed upon him by Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj in 1674. His descendants continued the title of Hambir Rao.

## Early life

Hambirrao was born into the house of Mohites of Talbid. Talbid was a hereditary Jagir of the Mohite clan.

## Accession of Sambhaji

After the demise of Chhatrapati Shivaji in 1680, Soyarabai, who was Hambirrao's sister, attempted to displace Sambhaji from the throne in favor of her own 10-year-old son, Rajaram. Hambirrao was temporarily absent from Raigad, and he was urgently called back. Upon his return, his sister earnestly implored him to secure the army's backing for her son as the future Chhatrapati of the Maratha Empire. Hambirrao traveled to Panhala with the initial intent of apprehending Sambhaji but ultimately switched his allegiance, offering support to Shivaji's elder son over his own sister. This action played a pivotal role in securing Sambhaji's ascension on throne and thwarting the conspiracy devised by Soyarabai.

## Military career

On January 30, 1681, Burhanpur, a prominent trade center connecting southern and northern India, witnessed a sudden attack by Hambirrao Mohite and Chhatrapati Sambhaji. During this time, Jehan Khan served as the Subahdar of Burhanpur, and the city's garrison comprised only 200 soldiers. In contrast, Hambirrao commanded a formidable army of 20,000 troops. The Mughals found themselves unable to effectively resist Hambirrao's forces, resulting in substantial losses for them. In this battle, the Marathas seized assets exceeding a value of 1 crore rupees.
Later on 17 March 1683, Hambirrao emerged victorious in Battle of Kalyan Bhivandi against Ranamast Khan, a formidable chieftain in the service of Aurangzeb, near the vicinity of Kalyan-Bhiwandi.
Final battle and death
In the year 1687, during a significant battle that transpired in the vicinity of Wai province, Hambirrao emerged victorious by defeating the Mughal commander, Sarja Khan. Unfortunately, after the clash, a cannonball struck Hambirrao, ultimately resulting in his unfortunate demise.

## In popular culture

The film Sarsenapati Hambirrao is based on his real life story.
Senapati Hambirrao was played by Ashutosh Rana, in the historical drama Chhaava in 2025.
# Don Failla

Don Failla was an American best known legend of lifestyle network marketing. He wrote MLM bestseller book "The 45 Second Presentation That Will Change Your Life" that become the Network Marketing Bible for all people that want to know how to do that kind of business and be very successful. He was best known for his work in multi-level marketing industry.

## Works

Failla has been working in MLM since the 1960s. As of 2011, he had sold over 11 million copies of his books in 23 languages worldwide. His book, 10 Lessons on Napkins, is the fundamental for MLM companies to based on.

## Books

* 10 Lessons on Napkins (1968)
* The 45 Second Presentation that Will Change Your Life (1984)
* The Basics How to Build a Large Successful Multi-Level Marketing Organization (1996)
* The System: The 3 Steps to Building a Large, Successful Network Marketing Organization (2006)
* The System: And Other Tools for Rapid Success in Network Marketing (2009)
# Shirley Johnson

Shirley Johnson (December 14, 1937 – January 14, 2021) was an American politician who was a member of the Michigan Senate from 1999 to 2006.

## Early life and education

Johnson was born on December 14, 1937. He attended Oakland Community College and Wayne State University, and graduated from Michigan State University.

## Career

On November 4, 1980, Johnson was elected to the Michigan House of Representatives where she represented the 68th district from January 14, 1981, to 1992. On November 3, 1992, Johnson was again elected to the Michigan House of Representatives where she represented the 41st district from January 13, 1993, to 1998. On March 16, 1999, Johnson was elected to the Michigan Senate in a special election after the resignation of Mike Bouchard. In the state senate, she represented the 13th district and served from March 23, 1999, to 2006. Johnson left the Republican Party after leaving the Michigan Legislature.

## Personal life

Johnson married Cliff in 1957. Together they had two children. Johnson was a Presbyterian.
# Mélanie Bernier

Mélanie Bernier (born 5 January 1985) is a French actress. She has appeared in several films, such as L'Assaut (2011), directed by Julien Leclerq, relating the hijacking of an Air France A300 in December 1994, and also in several television productions. Bernier was born in Grasse, France, and grew up in Veigné, Indre-et-Loire. She began acting at a young age.
In 2010 she appeared on UK television as a judge in the ITV series 'Monte Carlo or Bust'.

## Selected filmography

* The Poisoner (2006)
* Sa majesté Minor (2007)
* Passe-passe (2008)
* My Afternoons with Margueritte (2010)
* The Assault (2010)
* Delicacy (2011)
* Populaire (2012)
* The Informant (2013)
* Les gamins (2013)
* Blind Date (2015)
* Our Futures (2015)
* La prunelle de mes yeux(2016)
* Simon et Théodore (2017)
* Love Addict (2018)
* Mystère à la Sorbonne (2018)
* Mine de rien (2020)
* Maigret (2022 film) (2022)
# Prix d'Amérique

Prix d'Amérique is a harness race held at the Hippodrome de Vincennes in Paris, France. The race takes place on the last Sunday of January every year, and has been doing so since 1920, with the exception for the years 1940-1941 when it was cancelled due to World War II. It was established to thank the US for the help given to France in World War I. It is widely considered the most prestigious harness race in the world.
# Strongyli

Stroggyli or Strongyli (Greek: Στρογγυλή) may refer to the following places in Greece:
* Strongyle, a former name of the island of Santorini
* Strongyli Kastellorizou, a small island near Kastellorizo
* Stroggyli [Wikidata], a small island north of Nisyros in the Dodecanese
* Strongyli (Crete), a small island near the southeast coast of Crete
# Hughes v. Alexandria Scrap Corp.

Hughes v. Alexandria Scrap Corp., 426 U.S. 794 (1976), was a case argued before the Supreme Court of the United States. Maryland created a program that, 1) purchased junked cars, 2) paid a bounty for those with Maryland license plates and, 3) imposed more stringent documentation requirements on out-of-state processors, in an effort to reduce the number of abandoned cars in Maryland.
The Issue before the Court is whether such a program violates the Dormant Commerce Clause—essentially, whether Maryland could Constitutionally discriminate or burden interstate commerce by imposing more stringent documentation requirements on out-of-state processors or favoring in-state car dealerships when they purchase junk cars.
Unlike previous Dormant Commerce Clause cases, Maryland was acting like a market participant (as opposed to a state regulator). In such instances, the Court determined that a state actor can favor its own citizens over the foreign citizens.
This case created the "market participant" exception to the general restrictions on states imposed by the Dormant Commerce Clause.
Determining when a state is acting like a "market participant" rather than as a regulator was not decided by this case, but found in South Central Timber Development v. Wunnicke.
# The Marriage of the Bear

The Marriage of the Bear (Russian: Медвежья свадьба, romanized: Medvezhya svadba) (aka The Bear's Wedding) is a 1925 Soviet silent horror-fantasy drama film directed by Konstantin Eggert and Vladimir Gardin. It is based on the play with the same name by Anatoli Lunacharsky, which in turn was based on Prosper Mérimée's novella Lokis (Lithuanian for "bear").
Prosper Mérimée wrote many short stories of which Lokis is one. He was also the author of La Venus d'Ille which Italian horror director Mario Bava adapted to film in 1978. The Russian silent film with its lycanthropic theme predates Universal's later werewolf films, such as The Werewolf of London (1935) and The Wolf Man (1941). But with prints of this film almost impossible to view (although it is said to still exist in a couple of archives), it's difficult to determine if the "man-into-beast" scenes of the film refers to a literal shapeshifter, or if it's just a psychological condition that affects the main character's mind. Despite this claim by critic Troy Howarth that the film is possibly lost there is clear evidence the film screened on television in Russia during the VHS era and a recording of one such broadcast is in circulation. Critic Troy Howarth calls it "possibly the first depiction of a man-into-beast scenario (in a horror film)". However, as stated by film critic Kat Ellinger, who has seen the film, no such transition occurs. The Count's potential status as a lycanthrope is suggested through surreal dream sequences and third party story telling. The film's climax where the bride is killed, is shown only in the aftermath and it is ambiguous as to whether the Count was in bear form when he murdered her. This interpretation is in line with the original Mérimée text, which is also ambiguous.
Mérimée's novella has two other adaptations on film that are known so far: 1971 as Lokis by Polish director Janusz Majewski, and again in 1975 as The Beast by Polish auteur Walerian Borowczyk.

## Plot

When a pregnant Russian countess is frightened by a bear, she later gives birth to a male child who acts in some ways like an animal. As the boys matures, he takes to stalking young women in the forest while wearing the skin of a bear. When he becomes an adult, the boy marries a young girl and appears to be normal. But on their honeymoon, he turns into a bear and murders his wife, drinking her blood. But it's not clear whether the transformation is real, or if the young man just believes he is a bear and is acting like one.

## Cast

* Konstantin Eggert
* Vera Malinovskaya as Yulka
* B. Afonin
* Varvara Alyokhina as Old Adelina
* Alexander Geirot
* Aleksandra Kartseva as Adelina Shemet
* Galina Kravchenko
* Olga Lenskaya
* Natalya Rozenel [Wikidata]
* M. Rozenstein
* N. Stal
* Nikolai Vitovtov
* Vladimir Vladislavskiy
* Ye. Volkonskaya
* Yuri Zavadsky as Olgert
# Marrocco

Marrocco is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Brendan Marrocco, American soldier
* Frank Marrocco, Canadian judge
* Léna Marrocco (born 1995), French figure skater
* Marcello Marrocco (born 1969), Italian footballer
* Luigi Marrocco [Wikidata] (born 1946), Italian singer