OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Garam masala

Garam masala (Hindustani:- garam masālā, lit. transl. hot or warm spices) is a blend of ground spices originating from the Indian subcontinent. It is common in Indian, Pakistani, Nepalese, Bangladeshi, and Caribbean cuisines. It is used alone or with other seasonings. The specific combination differs by district, but it regularly incorporates a blend of flavours like cardamom, cinnamon, cumin, cloves, bay leaves, star anise, and peppercorns. Garam masala can be found in a wide range of dishes, including marinades, pickles, stews, and curries.

## Ingredients

The composition of garam masala differs regionally, with many recipes across the Indian subcontinent according to regional and personal taste, and none is considered more authentic than another. The components of the mix are roasted, then ground together or added to the dish for flavour just before finishing cooking.
A typical Indian version of garam masala contains (with Hindustani names in parentheses):
* Fennel (sauṅf)
* Indian bay leaves or malabathrum (tej pattā)
* Black and white peppercorns (kāli/safed mirch)
* Cloves (lauṅg)
* Cinnamon or cassia bark (dālacīnī)
* Mace (outer covering of nutmeg) (javitri)
* Black and green cardamom pods (ilāīcī)
* Cumin (jīra)
* Coriander seeds (dhaniā)
* Red chili powder (lāl mirch)
Some recipes call for the spices to be blended with herbs, while others call for the spices to be ground with water, vinegar, or other liquids to make a paste. Some recipes include nuts, onions or garlic, or small quantities of star anise, asafoetida, chili, stone flower (known as dagadphool, lichen), and kababchini (cubeb). The flavours may be blended to achieve a balanced effect, or a single flavour may be emphasised. A masala may be toasted before use to release its flavours and aromas. In the east of the Indian subcontinent, in West Bengal, Odisha, Assam and Bangladesh only cardamom, cinnamon and clove may be substituted for the assortment.
The Burmese masala (မဆလာ) spice blend used in Burmese curries typically consists of ground cinnamon or cassia, cardamon, cloves, and black pepper.
# Intelligent Design and Evolution Awareness Center

The Intelligent Design and Evolution Awareness Center (IDEA Center) is a nonprofit advocacy organization that promotes the pseudoscientific principle of intelligent design.
The center was formed in 2001; it grew out of a Christian student club that was formed at University of California, San Diego in May 1999 by Steve Renner, Eddie Colanter, and Casey Luskin after the "father" of the intelligent design movement Phillip E. Johnson lectured at UCSD. By 2008 it appeared to be moribund.
# Demolition of the Monument at San Stefano

Demolition of the Monument at San Stefano (Turkish: Ayastefanos'taki Rus Abidesinin Yıkılışı, Ottoman Turkish: مسقوف هيكلنك تخريبى, romanized: Moskof Heykelinin Tahrîbi, lit. 'Ruination of the Muscovite Monument') is a 1914 Turkish documentary film directed by former army officer Fuat Uzkınay. It is the oldest known Turkish-made film.
The subject of the documentary was the demolition of the Russian Monument at San Stefano (present-day Yeşilköy, Istanbul) after the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), which ended with the Treaty of San Stefano (following the Congress of Berlin in 1878 it was superseded by the Treaty of Berlin). The reason for the monument's demolition was the declaration of war between the Ottoman Empire and Russian Empire in 1914, during World War I and thus the demolition of the monument was ordered by Enver Pasha.
The last surviving copy of the film is believed to have been lost around 1941 and no known copies exist today in archives. Only a number of photos of the event have survived.
# Peter Ruber

Peter Ruber (September 29, 1940 – March 6, 2014) was a United States author, editor and publisher. He had been an advertising executive, book publisher and, since the mid-1990s, a consultant and free-lance journalist for many leading business information technology magazines. He lived on Long Island, New York with his wife, three sons, three grandchildren and a mountain of books and literary papers.
As a publishing executive, he came to know Arkham House founder August Derleth. Between 1962 and 1971 he published many books by Derleth, some under his Candlelight Press imprint, and researched his former colleague's life and time for nearly forty years.
Ruber became the editor for Arkham House in 1997, after Jim Turner left to found Golden Gryphon Press. Ruber drew criticism for the hostile opinions of various authors he expressed in his story introductions within his anthology Arkham's Masters of Horror (2000).
Ruber authored The Last Bookman: A Journey into the Life and Times of Vincent Starrett: Journalist, Bookman, Bibliophile (NY: Candlelight Press, 1968; reprint Battered Silicon Dispatch Box, 1995) and was the editor of over 25 books. He did much research for a biography on August Derleth (as yet unpublished) and Seabury Quinn. He also began editing for Battered Silicon Dispatch Box all of Vincent Starrett's works, with 22 of a projected 25 volumes already in print.
In 2000 Ruber edited a collection of previously unpublished stories by H. Russell Wakefield for Ash-Tree Press. For the same publisher, in 2003, he edited Night Creatures by Seabury Quinn.
Rumours of his ill-health circulated for some time; he suffered a stroke in 2004 and his editorial duties at Arkham House lapsed due to this.
Ruber died on March 6, 2014.
# Helmet massacre

The Helmet massacre (Portuguese: massacre do Capacete) of the Ticuna people took place in March 1988, in the municipality of Benjamin Constant, in the Alto Solimões region, in a remote area in the state of Amazonas. Funai, the National Foundation for the Indians, had begun to demarcate the Ticuna land, giving rise to reactions from local squatters. The indigenous people were gathered in an assembly and were unarmed when they were attacked. During the massacre four people died, nineteen were wounded, and ten disappeared in the Solimões river. It was initially treated as homicide. Since 1994 it has been treated by the Brazilian courts as a genocide. Thirteen men were convicted of genocide in 2001. In November 2004 at the appeal before Brazil's federal court, Castelo Branco, the man initially found guilty of hiring men to carry out the genocide was acquitted, and the other men had their initial sentences of 15–25 years reduced to 12 years.
# Tsori Gilod Synagogue

The Tsori Gilod Synagogue, known in more recent times as Beis Aharon V'Yisrael Synagogue (transliterated from Hebrew as "The House of Aaron and Israel"), is an Orthodox Jewish synagogue, located at 4 Brativ Mikhnovskykh Street, in Lviv, in the Lviv Oblast of Ukraine.

## History

The Tsori Gilod Synagogue is the only remaining functioning synagogues in Lviv.
Designed by Albert Kornblüth in the Baroque style, the synagogue was completed in 1925. The construction was financed by Jewish charity "Tsori Gilod" (Polish: Cori Gilod; transliterated from Hebrew as "Healing Balm"), and was designed to accommodate 384 worshipers.
During World War II, the synagogue building was repurposed by the Nazis as a horse stable. After 1945, under the Soviet regime, the synagogue was used as a warehouse.
In 1989, the building was returned to the Jewish community. It was renovated from 1995 to 1997, and again from 1999 to 2000. In 2004–5, under the initiative of HGSS Friends of Lviv (a charity associated with Hampstead Garden Suburb Synagogue in London), and with substantial funding from the Rohr family of New York and Miami, it underwent a major interior renovation under the direction of architect Aron Ostreicher. At the same time the magnificent artwork on the walls and ceilings was restored. These murals of the synagogue are some of the few surviving synagogue paintings in Ukraine. Unfortunately, due to an unprofessional renovation they have lost a touch of the author's soul and their authentic values.

## Gallery

* Interior of the synagogue, in 2006
* Interior of the synagogue, in 2006
* Interior of the synagogue, in 2007
* Murals of the interior, in 2018
* Exterior detail in 2012
# Montalto di Castro Nuclear Power Station

The Montalto di Castro nuclear power station was a nuclear power plant at Montalto di Castro in Italy. Consisting of two BWR units each of 982 MWe, it was approaching completion in 1988 when the Italian government decided to close all nuclear plants as a result of the 1987 referendum. In February 1988 the two units were eighty percent complete, representing about a five billion dollars investment. It never operated.
Its area and some of the already built structures are now used by the fossil-fuel power station "Alessandro Volta", the biggest power station in Italy.

## Reactor data

The nuclear power plant has two units:
| Unit | Reactor type | Net capacity | Gross capacity | Start of construction | Mothballed |
| Montalto di Castro-1 | BWR/6 (Mark III) | 982 MW | 1009 MW | 1 July 1982 | 1 January 1988 |
| Montalto di Castro-2 | BWR/6 (Mark III) | 982 MW | 1009 MW | 1 July 1982 | 1 July 1988 |
# Bulalo

Bulalô (Tagalog:) is a beef dish from the Philippines. It is a light colored soup that is made by cooking beef shanks and bone marrow until the collagen and fat has been melted into the clear broth. Traditionally, the soup is served with tender slices of beef and flavorful bone marrow, giving it a rich and mouth-watering flavor. It typically includes leafy vegetables (like pechay or cabbage), corn on the cob, scallions, onions, garlic, ginger, and fish sauce. Potatoes, carrots, or taro can also be added. It is commonly eaten on rice with soy sauce and calamansi on the side. Bulalo is native to the Southern Luzon region of the Philippines, particularly in the provinces of Batangas and Cavite.
Similar dishes in other parts of the Philippines include the Western Visayan cansi which is soured with batuan fruit; the Waray dish pakdol; and the Cebuano dish pochero.

## Names and Origin

Bulalo is a European and Spanish influenced dish created and developed to mirror the Pot-au-feu of France in the 17th century. During the British occupation of the Philippines creating a unique and new version of the beloved dish. The people make the best of available ingredients to create a similar dish mirroring the French culinary dish and in their own way created a new and original dish. It has been a traditional dish from cold southern parts of the Philippines since.
# Spas (soup)

Spas (Armenian: Սպաս) is a matzoon-based soup. It is a traditional dish in Armenia. Besides matzoon, the main ingredient are herbs, and hulled wheat berries (i.e. with husks removed).
Flour, and an egg or egg yolk is included, to prevent the matzoon from curdling. Herbs, such as coriander, thyme, parsley, and sometimes mint, are added as well. Butter and regular onions, or fried onions are also often added to the soup for a richer taste. It can also be served with meatballs.
Traditionally there are 3 major variations. The first variation uses rice instead of wheat berries , the second uses bulgur instead of wheat berries, and the third uses barley instead of wheat berries.
This soup is traditionally served warm in the winter and chilled in the summer.
# Eve Forward

Eve Forward (born January 17, 1972) is an American author and television screenwriter. She is the daughter of American physicist and popular science fiction author Robert L. Forward, and the sister of Bob Forward, also a writer and film director.
Forward lives in the Island County, Washington area. She is solitary. In addition to writing, she was a painter of miniatures for WOTC, contributing to the D&D Miniatures game as well as Dreamblade and Star Wars Miniatures lines.
She also did some writing, and noises, for Diablo: Hellfire.
She also used to customize model horses.

## Books

* Villains by Necessity (Tor Books, 1995)
* Animist (Tor, 2000)
* GyreWorld: Book One – The Turning City (Detonation Films, 2015) by Forward with her brother Bob Forward as co-author

## Television

* The Legend of Zelda (1989)
* GI Joe: A Real American Hero (1991)
* Hammerman (1991)
* Biker Mice from Mars (1993–1994)
# Famagusta expedition (1607)

The Famagusta expedition was launched by the Tuscans in an attempt to reconquer the island of Cyprus from the Ottomans. The Tuscans attacked the city of Famagusta, but the expedition ended in failure.

## Background

The Grand Duke of Tuscany, Ferdinando I de' Medici, had great ambitions in the Levant. Ferdinando decided to launch a conquest of Cyprus from the Ottomans, and he decided to use it as an operation base against the Ottomans. The combined Crusading rhetoric, eagerness for plundering and slaves, and Cypriot nobles who aimed to remove the Ottoman power and restore the Christian rule led the Tuscans to launch an attack on Cyprus. Ferdinando dispatched a force of 2,200 men consisting of 400 Frenchmen, 200 Maniottis, 100 Uskoks, and 100 Calabrians, and the rest were Italians. It also had 8 galleys and 9 other ships. The expedition was led by Francesco Maria del Monte. A force of 6,000 Greeks promised the Tuscans aid.

## Expedition

On June 24th, 1607, the Tuscans arrived in Famagusta; seeing the city was alerted by the upcoming attack, they nevertheless proceeded. The Tuscans had to disembark using oar boats since using the harbour to land was impossible, delaying the attack. The Tuscans with Petards advanced to the north-eastern section of the walls. The Ottomans fired their artillery against them but could not damage them due to them being close to the walls, which were covered by moats. However, the rocks in the moat area proved for the Tuscans difficult to march as the rocks prevented them from moving, resulting in overcrowding and finding themselves under fire from the battlements.
Another Tuscan force marched to the north; they used a petard to destroy the gate, which they succeeded in doing so; however, they found that the gate was filled with barricades, which made it impassible. Some Tuscans attempted to scale the walls using the ladders, but they proved to be short, thus ending any hope of success. Del Monte ordered the troops to retreat, which was followed by artillery fire that failed to hurt them. The Tuscans were chased by a force of 50–60 Ottoman cavalry up to their ships.

## Aftermath

The expedition has cost the Tuscans 21 killed and 20 wounded. The Greeks who promised to aid the Tuscans did not arrive, as the Greeks either expected a lot more men or, more likely, they did not respect the agreements made because, although they did not know in advance the extent of the Tuscan forces, they did not show up where it was previously agreed.
# Yamada-den Amida Triad

The Yamada-den Amida Triad, or Hōryūji Treasure N-144, is a 7th-century sculpture from the Asuka period depicting the Amida Triad, represented by the Buddha Amitābha, accompanied by the Bodhisattvas Kannon and Seishi (Mahasthamaprapta). Once a part of Hōryū-ji, it is currently owned by the Tokyo National Museum as part of the Hōryū-ji Treasure Gallery. It is designated an Important Cultural Property. It is the oldest depiction of the Amida Triad in Japanese art.

## History

Hōryū-ji was first established by Prince Shōtoku in the year 607, presenting an emergence and establishment of Japanese Buddhism. Subsequently in the Asuka period, the Hakuhō period presented the rapid expansion of Buddhist thought and aesthetics, with strong influence from the Northern Wei, Sui, and Tang dynasties.
The reverse of the statue base reveals a description attesting to a possible origin: Yamada-den-no-zō (山田殿像), or "Yamada Hall Statue", with Yamada (山田), likely referring to Yamada-dera (山田寺), founded by Soga no Kurayamada no Ishikawa no Maro. Whether the statue was an image at Yamada-dera before its transfer to Hōryū-ji remains uncertain.
During the Meiji era in 1878, the Imperial Household acquired 319 artifacts from Hōryū-ji via donation, including the Amida Triad, whereupon it was transferred to the Tokyo National Museum collection in 1949, receiving its designation as N-144.
On 29 May 1965, it received the designation of Important Cultural Property by the Agency for Cultural Affairs under Catalogue No. 03177.
The transfer from Hōryū-ji presented the initiation and expansion of scholarship of Asuka art, of which as of 2024, 151 statues from the era have been identified so far.

## Description

The Yamada-den Triad consists of detachable parts consisting of gilded bronze. The Amida Triad has been identified based upon the corresponding bodhisattvas, the water-jug in the crown of the left bodhisattva denotes it as Seishi, and the right bodhisattva is identified as Kannon based upon the Buddha in their crown, therefore identifying the central Buddha as Amitābha.
The bodhisattvas are depicted with tapered chest, hip flare, and plank-like lower body, with naturalized proportions, presenting a later stage of Asuka art, categorized as a Group III sculpture (Group I denoting the simplicity and archaic style of Northern Wei and Eastern Wei art, Group II denoting Northern Qi conventions, and Group III denoting more naturalistic pose from Group II). Northern Qi and Sui convention is followed with the bodhisattvas' style of crown and jewelry, indicating Japan's quick adaptation to the trends of the time in China.
Amida is seen distinct from the body conventions, his body fully robed, chest puffed out, though the folds of the robes denote positioning of his otherwise covered limbs.
# Phyxium scorpioides

Phyxium scorpioides is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe in 1864. It is known from Indonesia.
# Fencers Club

The Fencers Club in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, is the oldest fencing club in the Western Hemisphere. It is a member of the Metropolitan Division of the U.S. Fencing Association. Established in 1883, it has evolved into a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit fencing organization dedicated to fencing and community service. It has produced a number of national champions and Olympians.
The Fencers Club includes 22 full-length metal grounded training strips with electronic scoring equipment, as well as an in-house pro shop and armory.

## History

The Fencers Club was founded in 1883 by Charles de Kay and other New Yorkers. One had to be in the Social Register to be a member. Its first fencing master was Captain Hippolyte Nicolas, a French officer who had fought in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, who was partial to the Italian school of fencing.
In 1892 it had about 200 members. In 1902 annual dues at the club were $30 ($1,090 in current dollar terms). In 1914, one third of its members were women. Rene Pinchart, a Belgian sergeant major in World War I, was fencing master at the club from 1927 to 1955. French-American Michel Alaux was fencing master of the club from 1956 until 1974.
It is the birthplace, in 1991, and home of the Peter Westbrook Foundation. In 2012, the Fencers Club became only the ninth organization to be recognized by the United States Olympic Committee (USOC) as a Community Olympic Development Program (CODP), for its innovative and world-class programs that embody the Olympic ideals.
In 2020, the Fencers Club fired a fencing coach after he made racist remarks.

## Notable members

* Albert Axelrod (1921–2004), 5x Olympian, Olympic bronze medalist
* Norman C. Armitage (1907, as Norman Cudworth Cohn–1972), 6x Olympian, Olympic bronze medalist
* Robert Blum (1928–2022), 2x Olympian
* Daniel Bukantz (1917–2008), 4x Olympian
* Miles Chamley-Watson (born 1989), 2x Olympian, bronze medalist
* Abe Cohen (1924–2016), Olympian
* Herb Cohen (born 1940), 2x Olympian
* Emily Cross (born 1986), Olympian, silver medalist
* Eugene Glazer (born 1939), Olympian
* Joel Glucksman (born 1949), Olympian
* Harold Goldsmith (1930–2004), 3x Olympian
* Emily Jacobson (born 1985), Olympian
* Dan Kellner (born 1976), Olympian
* Byron Krieger (1920–2015), 2x Olympian
* Ivan Lee (born 1981), Olympian; banned for life by SafeSport
* Nate Lubell (1916–2006), 3x Olympian
* James Carroll Beckwith, president of the Fencers Club
* James Margolis (born 1936), Olympian
* James Melcher (1939–2023), Olympian
* Tim Morehouse (born 1978), 3x Olympian, silver medalist
* Nickolas Muray (born Miklós Mandl; 1892–1965), Hungarian-born 2x Olympian
* Nzingha Prescod (born 1992), 2x Olympian
* Nicole Ross (born 1989), 2x Olympian
* Keeth Smart (born 1978), 3x Olympian, Olympic silver medalist
* James Strauch (1921–1998), Olympian
* Albert Strauss (1876-1963), Olympian
* Jonathan Tiomkin (born 1979), Olympian
* Maia Weintraub (born 2002), Olympian, Olympic gold medalist
* Peter Westbrook (1952–2024), 5x Olympian, Olympic bronze medalist
# Shatru Gate

Shatru Gate (Nepali: शत्रु गते) is a 2018 Nepalese drama comedy film, directed by Pradip Bhattarai and written by Deepak Raj Giri, Pradeep Bhattari and Hari Bansha Acharya. The film is produced by Deepak Raj Giri, Deepa Shree Niraula, Narendra Kansakar and Shivahari Poudel under the banner of MaHa Sanchar. The film stars ensemble cast of Madan Krishna Shrestha, Hari Bansha Acharya, Deepak Raj Giri, Deepa Shree Niraula, Priyanka Karki, Paul Shah, Aanchal Sharma in lead role. The film was released on 23 March 2018 with mixed response from critics but positive response from audience. The film became an "All Time Blockbuster" at the box office with gross of over रु 12 Crore making it the 9th highest-grossing Nepali film in Nepal.

## Plot

Suraj (Paul Shah) and Sandhya (Aanchal Sharma) are deeply in love and are about to marry. Suraj's father (Hari Bansha Acharya) does not want his son to marry a corrupt politician's daughter. Both of their lives change forever after Rahul (Deepak Raj Giri) creates a conflict between their families.

## Cast

* Hari Bansha Acharya as Gopal Sharma
* Madan Krishna Shrestha as Colony Owner (extended cameo appearance)
* Deepak Raj Giri as Rahul KC
* Deepa Shree Niraula as Deepa Sharma
* Priyanka Karki as Shetal KC
* Paul Shah as Suraj Sharma
* Aanchal Sharma as Sandhya
* Ramesh Ranjan Jha as Sandhya's father
* Basundhara Bhusal as Sandhya's mother
* Kiran K.C. as Security Guard
* Shivahari Poudel as Consultancy Manpower
* Rajaram Poudel as Pandit Bajey
* Narendra Kansakar
* Mohit Bamsha Acharya as Mahendra
* Yaman Shrestha as Colonist

## Reception
### Box office

The film debuted with 3.26 crore in its first weekend. The film earned 12.54 crore on its fourth weekend and became the fourth highest grossing Nepali film as of 2018. The worldwide box office collection of Shatru Gate was around रू13.20 crore (US$940,000).

### Critical response

Shashwat Pant of Onlinekhabar wrote, "Overall, the movie is disappointing. It felt like watching another sequel of Chakka Panja mainly because most of the members of the cast were same and everything was presented in a similar way." Anand Nepal of Xnepali wrote, "The movie is very entertaining, the actors have done a great job. The technical aspect of the movie is also very good."

### Accolades

| Year | Award | Category | Result |
| 2018 | NFDC Film Award | Best Film | Won |
| 2018 | NFDC Film Award | Best Story | Won |
| 2018 | NFDC Film Award | Best Editor | Won |
| 2018 | NFDC Film Award | Best Sound Mixing | Won |
# Flag of Bellingham, Washington

The flag of Bellingham, Washington, in the United States, is resembled by stars, wavy lines, and a half circle on the side of the flag. The center and right sides of the flag have an alternating striped pattern, changing from light green to dark green. Brad Lockhart designed the flag, and it was considered official on April 24, 2017, but it was previously known to be unofficial.

## Design

Brad Lockhart designed the flag after listening to a TED talk given by Roman Mars. The blue half-circle represents the Bay to the west, the stars representing indigenous tribes such as the Lummi Nation and Nooksack Indian Tribe. The three wavy lines represent noisy waters and rivers, and the stripes symbolize the four cities that merged to become the city of Bellingham.

## History

The flag was considered official on April 24, 2017, and was shown to the City Council on Aug. 29, 2016.