OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 2011 Vehbi Emre Tournament

The 29th Vehbi Emre Tournament 2011 was a wrestling event held in Istanbul, Turkey between 29 and 30 January 2011.
This international tournament includes competition men's Greco-Roman wrestling. This ranking tournament was held in honor of Turkish Wrestler and manager Vehbi Emre.

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| 1 | Turkey | 4 | 1 | 4 | 9 |
| 2 | Azerbaijan | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
| 3 | Hungary | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 |
| 4 | Iran | 0 | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 5 | Belarus | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 6 | Croatia | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 7 | Estonia | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | Kazakhstan | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 7 | Ukraine | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (9 entries) | Totals (9 entries) | 7 | 7 | 14 | 28 |

## Greco-Roman

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| 55 kg | Ayhan Karakuş | Eldaniz Azizli | Bayram Özdemir |
| 55 kg | Ayhan Karakuş | Eldaniz Azizli | Ali Elçin |
| 60 kg | Mustafa Sağlam | Abdolmohammad Papi | Hüseyin Aygün |
| 60 kg | Mustafa Sağlam | Abdolmohammad Papi | Abdullah Soytürk |
| 66 kg | Tamás Lőrincz | Refik Ayvazoğlu | Rustam Aliev |
| 66 kg | Tamás Lőrincz | Refik Ayvazoğlu | Kazbek Kilov |
| 74 kg | Rafik Huseynov | Aliaksandr Kikiniou | Péter Bácsi |
| 74 kg | Rafik Huseynov | Aliaksandr Kikiniou | Maksat Yerezhepov |
| 84 kg | Saman Tahmasebi | Nenad Žugaj | Vassili Radyiba |
| 84 kg | Saman Tahmasebi | Nenad Žugaj | Davoud Abedinzadeh |
| 96 kg | Ahmet Taçyıldız | Mehdi Askarizadeh | Shalva Gadabadze |
| 96 kg | Ahmet Taçyıldız | Mehdi Askarizadeh | Németh Iván |
| 120 kg | Rıza Kayaalp | Bashir Babajanzadeh | Heiki Nabi |
| 120 kg | Rıza Kayaalp | Bashir Babajanzadeh | Atilla Güzel |

## Participating nations

* Turkey
* Azerbaijan
* Iran
* Bulgaria
* Georgia
* Croatia
* Estonia
* Ukraine
* Greece
* Hungary
* Romania
* Belarus
* Algeria
* Kazakhstan
* Tajikistan
# HaKarmel

HaKarmel (Hebrew: הַכַּרְמֶל, lit. 'The Carmel') was a Hebrew periodical, edited and published by Samuel Joseph Fuenn in Vilna from 1860 to 1880. It was one of the important forces of the Haskalah movement in the Russian Empire.

## History

HaKarmel was founded by Samuel Joseph Fuenn in 1860 as a weekly, and was continued as such (with some interruptions) until 1871. Eight volumes appeared in these eleven years, of which volumes 1–3 have supplements in Russian. It then became a monthly, of which four volumes appeared from 1871 to 1880, when the publication was suspended. Ḥayyim Leib Katzenellenbogen [Wikidata] was associated with Fuenn in the editorship. Ḥayyim Leib Markon [Wikidata] later assisted Fuenn in the same capacity.
HaKarmel was more of a literary periodical and less of a newspaper than other Hebrew contemporaries like HaMaggid or HaMelitz, in part because the license granted by the Tsarist regime prohibited Fuenn from publishing articles on politics. The periodical contained poetry, translations, historical material, literary criticism, Torah scholarship, and book reviews.

## Notable contributors

* Reuben Asher Braudes
* Judah Leib Gordon
* Avrom Ber Gotlober
* Isaac Kaminer
* Avraham Uri Kovner [de; ru]
# Andrew Halliday (physician)

Sir Andrew Halliday, KH (also spelt Hallidie; 17 March 1782 in Copewood, parish of Dryfesdale, Dumfries – 7 September 1839 in Dumfries) was a Scottish physician, reformer, and writer.

## Biography

He was born in Copeland, Dryfesdale in Dumfriesshire.
When he was nine years old, Halliday had to earn his own living by tending cattle because of his father's financial problems. He later advanced himself by qualifying as a schoolteacher. Halliday subsequently entered the University of Edinburgh and started training for the Presbyterian ministry, but switched to medicine, his preference. He graduated with an MD on 24 June 1806 from the University of Edinburgh with a thesis entitled De pneumatosi that he later published as a book. After travelling in Russia, he set up in practice at Halesowen, Worcestershire.
In 1807, he became a surgeon in the 13th Light Dragoons. Whilst in the British Army, Halliday served in the Napoleonic Wars in Portugal, Spain, and the West Indies, at the Siege of Bergen op Zoom (1814) and the Battle of Waterloo.
He was later the domestic physician to the Duke of Clarence and St Andrews (who became William IV), and traveled on the continent with him. In 1817, he was made a licentiate of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh and, in 1819, of the Royal College of Physicians, London. While traveling on the continent, he became familiar with the medical applications of iodine, introducing it to Britain upon his return in 1819 and publishing an article on it in 1821. He was appointed a Knight of the Royal Guelphic Order in 1820 and a Knight Bachelor in 1821. In August 1827 he was elected a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh. In 1829, he helped to establish King's College London. He also served as the majesty's justice of the peace for the county of Middlesex.
He was appointed Deputy Inspector-General of hospitals in the West Indies in 1832, but returned to his native Dumfries in 1837 because of ill health. He died at Huntingdon Lodge in Dumfries on 7 September 1839.
Halliday was the first physician to the Seamen's Hospital Society, which was established in 1821 with the purpose of helping people currently or previously employed in the Merchant Navy or fishing fleets. Halliday was the royal physician to William IV and to Queen Victoria. Before and after his military service he publicized the deplorable state of British and Irish insane asylums. He wrote Annals of the house of Hanover and The West Indies: the Nature and Physical History of the Windward and Leeward Colonies, published in 1826 and 1837, respectively.
His nephew, Andrew Smith Hallidie, promoted the Clay Street Hill Railroad in San Francisco, the world's first practical cable car system.
# Womack Army Medical Center

Womack Army Medical Center (WAMC) is a United States Army-run military hospital that is located on Fort Bragg near Fayetteville, North Carolina. The facility is named for Medal of Honor recipient Bryant H. Womack. It contains 138 beds, with about 66,000 patients visiting the hospital's emergency department, and more than 11,000 patients are admitted yearly. Its physicians perform about 2,700 inpatient and 7,400 outpatient surgeries each year. The Medical Center serves more than 160,000 eligible beneficiaries in the region, the largest beneficiary population in the Army.

## History

Camp Bragg Base Hospital was the first military hospital at then Camp Bragg. It was built in September 1918 with two dispensaries and a headquarters. The hospital was a 500-bed facility located in 22 buildings.
USA Station Hospital One was built after the first hospital was closed in 1919. It was built in June, 1932 with an 83-bed, three-story facility. It closed in 1941 once USA Station Hospital Number Two and Three were built.
USA Station Hospital Number Two and Three were two hospitals built in February 1941. USA Station Hospital Two has 1,680 beds, and USA Station Hospital Three has 1,002 beds.
On August 3, 1958, the nine-story, 500-bed-capacity Womack Army Community Hospital opened. The Womack Ambulatory Patient Care Annex opened in March 1974. On October 1, 1991, Womack changed its name to Womack Army Medical Center, Fort Bragg. One year later, on September 3, 1992, officials broke ground for a new Womack.
On March 9, 2000, the new Womack Army Medical Center opened for $400 million. It is 1,020,359 square feet in size and sits on a 163-acre wooded site.
On June 9, 2017, Womack Army Medical Center earned the Joint Commission’s Gold Seal of Approval for hospital accreditation by demonstrating continuous compliance with its performance standards.
# Hamdouchi

Hamdouchi is an Arabic surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Abdelilah Hamdouchi (born 1958), Moroccan writer
* Hichem Hamdouchi (born 1972), Moroccan-French chess grandmaster
* Adina-Maria Hamdouchi [Wikidata] (born 1979), French chess player
# Devaragundi

Devaragundi, meaning 'God's pool', is a waterfall in India. It is created by one of the mountain streams at Thodikana. It can be reached by going further for about 1.5 kilometres from Sri Mallikarjuna Temple towards the Patti Hills. One must cross two streams, climb uphill, and walk through a private arecanut farm to view this magnificent waterfall. It is cautioned that no one should step into the water in the surrounding of the waterfall, as its depth is unknown.
Due to its sacredness, it has been away from human activities.
# Aban (TV series)

Aban (Persian: آبان) is a 2025 Iranian television series written by Amir Mohammad Abdi and Pouria Kakavand, directed by Reza Dadooi, and starring Laleh Marzban as the titular character, alongside Shahab Hosseini, Mirsaeed Molavian, Amin Hayai, Mina Sadati, Bahareh Kianafshar, Reza Akhlaghirad, Behzad Khalaj, Hossein Mahjoub, Hamid Ebrahimi, and Rahim Norouzi. The first episode premiered on Sheyda on January 29, 2025.

## Premise

Aban (Laleh Marzban), an AI genius, developed an algorithm to invest and profit in financial markets. However, after running into trouble with her former investor, she now faces a huge debt. If she doesn't settle it quickly, she could end up in prison.

## Cast

* Laleh Marzban as Aban Esfandiyari
* Shahab Hosseini as Fariborz Sabet
* Mirsaeed Molavian as Amir Parto
* Amin Hayai as Babak Mahmoudi
* Mina Sadati as Hedieh Pazouki
* Bahareh Kianafshar as Bahar, Aban's lawyer
* Reza Akhlaghirad
* Behzad Khalaj as Adham
* Hossein Mahjoub
* Hamid Ebrahimi
* Rahim Norouzi
* Manouchehr Zendedel as Kamrani
* Bahram Ebrahimi as Kahnamouei
* Maryam Sa'adat as Kahnamouei's wife
* Faranak Kalantar
* Taranom Kermanian
* Tasnif Hosseini
# Military exemption

A military exemption is an official legal provision that exempts individuals or groups of people from compulsory military service or from certain military duties. Depending on the country and its laws, military exemptions may be granted for various reasons, such as medical reasons, religious beliefs, conscientious objection, family responsibilities, or educational pursuits.

## Poland

Egzempcja wojskowa was the soldier's legal immunity in Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth of 16th-17th century.
Military exemptions allow to evaluate the legal position of mercenary soldiers, functioning of legal norms of a temporary character and the interrelations between the statutory law and customary law in Poland.
In 16th and 17th centuries both the general exemptions, granted by Sejm (parliament), and hetman’s exemptions, deprived of the Sejm’s sanction, existed. The constitutions on the exemptions always had a temporary nature. As a consequence of the advancing paralysis of the parliament’s works, the exemptions issued by hetman became more and more common.
Exemptions were the releases to be applied before all types of courts, apart from military courts. They withheld the proceedings (even enforcement proceedings when the verdict did not benefit from the res iudicata character) with regard to all persons taking part in the military expeditions and their families. This enhanced the attractiveness of military service and prevented soldiers from leaving the army.
Exemptions were known to the customary law, however, they were formulated by Sejm by means of constitutions. The parliament, depending on the circumstances, enlarged or limited the group of the beneficiaries, applied more or less strict criteria, changed the time limits of the exemptions’ validity, prevented their abuse, and most importantly, it firmly opposed a rejection of the releases by courts.
# Ñuño Fernández Lobo

Ñuño Fernández Lobo (c.1590–1650s) was a Portuguese nobleman, who served as conquistador of Tucumán. He obtained land grants in Buenos Aires, where he settled with his family.

## Biography

Born in Olivença, he was the son of Afonso Lobo and Isabel Mendes Britos, belonging to a noble Lusitanian family. In 1629, he came to Buenos Aires with his wife Juana Valdenebro. The family had arrived from Tucuman, being escorted in the trip by mercenaries hired by the same Ñuño Fernández Lobo.
Ñuño Fernández Lobo established his residence permanently in Buenos Aires, serving as Captain of militia in the El Presidio de Buenos Aires. He received land grants, and ordered to build a farm in the area Río de Las Conchas (Buenos Aires Province).
# Commune of the Working People of Estonia

The Estonian Workers' Commune (Estonian: Eesti Töörahva Kommuun, initially Eesti Töörahwa Kommuuna; Russian: Эстляндская трудовая коммуна Estlyandskaya trudovaya kommuna, ЭТК or ETK, also Estonian Labour Commune and Commune of the Working People of Estonia) was a government claiming the Bolshevik-occupied parts of Republic of Estonia as its territories during the Estonian War of Independence and the Russian Civil War. It was recognised as an independent state only by the Russian SFSR, on December 7th, 1918.

## Establishment and fall

The Commune was established in Narva on 29 November 1918 with the support of the Red Army. It was chaired by Jaan Anvelt for the duration of its existence. Within areas of their control, the Commune closed churches, nationalised industry and the banks and outlawed representatives of the Provisional Government.
The Communist offensive was initially successful and eventually reached as far as 34 kilometres from Tallinn. However, a counter-offensive begun on 7 January 1919 by the Estonian People's Force (Rahvavägi) under Commander-in-Chief Johan Laidoner eventually drove the Red Army out of Estonia, with international military aid primarily from the British Empire. The Commune was thus rendered defunct, claiming a government in exile in Pskov, then Luga and finally, from 17 May 1919, in Staraya Russa.

## International recognition

The Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (RSFSR) formally recognised the ETK on 7 December 1918 and remained the only government to do so. At that time, Soviet Russia was itself not internationally recognised. One of the first international treaties recognising Russia's Soviet government as legitimate was the Treaty of Tartu concluding the Estonian War of Independence in 1920.

## Massacres

The regime instituted a reign of terror from November 1918 to January 1919. A considerable number of people were arrested in Tartu in December 1918 and a number of German estate owners were executed on the frozen river on 9 January 1919. A concentration camp was also set up near Luga, in January 1919. Just before Tartu was seized, the Bolsheviks carried out the Tartu Credit Center Massacre executing clergymen and other prisoners in the basement of the town's bank, among the victims were Bishop Platon, the priest Sergei Florinski [et] and the pastor Traugott Hahn [et]. Around 500 people were killed in total.

## Members of the Commune

* Jaan Anvelt – Chairman of the council and People's Commissar of Defence
* Viktor Kingissepp – People's Commissar of the Interior (actually underground in Estonia, Johannes Käspert acting for him)
* Hans Pöögelmann – Commissioner for the National Economy
* Artur Vallner – People's Commissar of Culture and Public Education
* Johannes Mägi – People's Commissar of Foreign Affairs (from 20 December 1918 Max-Alfred Trakmann) and state control (later Karl Mühlberg)
* Rudolf Vakman – Commissioner for Social Insurance (acting Otto Rästas)
* Johannes Käspert – Executive Secretary of the council
Soviet authorities executed most of the members during the Great Purge.
# Cape Auguet

Cape Auguet is a small community in Isle Madame, in the province of Nova Scotia, located in Richmond County.
# 2019–20 Segona Divisió

The 2019–20 Segona Divisió, also known as Lliga UNIDA, was the 21st season of second-tier football in Andorra. The season began on 21 September 2019 and ended on 11 July 2020.
On 5 May, the clubs and the federation agreed on how to finish the season. The two teams which remained mathematically able to qualify for promotion played each other twice to determine final places in the league. On 1 July, this was confirmed.

## Teams

At the end of the previous season, Atlètic Club d'Escaldes and Carroi were promoted to the Primera Divisió. These two teams were replaced in the Segona Divisió by Lusitanos and Encamp who were relegated from the Primera Divisió.

## League table

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion or qualification |
| 1 | Penya Encarnada (C, P) | 17 | 16 | 1 | 0 | 56 | 8 | +48 | 49 | Promotion to Primera Divisió |
| 2 | La Massana | 17 | 15 | 0 | 2 | 86 | 19 | +67 | 45 | Qualification for the relegation play-offs |
| 3 | Encamp | 16 | 8 | 3 | 5 | 42 | 36 | +6 | 27 | |
| 4 | Rànger's | 15 | 8 | 0 | 7 | 31 | 37 | −6 | 24 | |
| 5 | Lusitanos | 15 | 7 | 2 | 6 | 48 | 22 | +26 | 20 | |
| 6 | Inter Club d'Escaldes B | 16 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 28 | 36 | −8 | 20 | |
| 7 | UE Santa Coloma B | 15 | 6 | 1 | 8 | 39 | 49 | −10 | 19 | |
| 8 | Atlètic Amèrica | 16 | 3 | 0 | 13 | 30 | 64 | −34 | 9 | |
| 9 | Carroi B | 16 | 3 | 1 | 12 | 25 | 53 | −28 | 7 | |
| 10 | UE Extremenya | 15 | 2 | 0 | 13 | 10 | 71 | −61 | 3 | |
* ↑ Lusitanos were deducted 3 points.
* ↑ Carroi B were deducted 3 points.
* ↑ UE Extremenya were deducted 3 points.

## Results

| Home \ Away | ATL | CAR | ENC | EXT | INT | MAS | LUS | PEN | RAN | SUE |
| Atlètic Amèrica | | 2–4 | 3–6 | 2–0 | 1–2 | 1–8 | | 1–2 | 0–4 | 2–6 |
| Carroi B | | | 0–3 | 0–2 | 5–2 | 0–1 | 0–10 | 1–6 | 0–1 | 3–4 |
| Encamp | 3–1 | 4–0 | | | 4–1 | 2–7 | 2–2 | 1–4 | 2–1 | 3–2 |
| UE Extremenya | 0–9 | 1–7 | 0–3 | | 0–6 | 0–9 | 4–3 | 0–3 | 1–5 | |
| Inter Club d'Escaldes B | 3–2 | 1–1 | 3–3 | 3–1 | | | 3–2 | 0–1 | 1–2 | 2–1 |
| La Massana | 4–0 | 8–1 | 4–1 | 8–0 | 4–1 | | 3–0 | 1–2 | 7–1 | 8–2 |
| Lusitanos | 9–0 | 1–0 | | 3–1 | 3–0 | 1–2 | | 1–3 | 0–3 | 8–1 |
| Penya Encarnada | 7–1 | | 2–0 | 3–0 | 4–0 | 2–1 | 0–0 | | 6–0 | 3–0 |
| Ràngers | 3–4 | 4–2 | 3–2 | | | 1–4 | 0–5 | 0–3 | | 3–0 |
| UE Santa Coloma B | 3–1 | 3–1 | 3–3 | 7–0 | 2–0 | 4–7 | | 1–5 | | |

## Primera Divisió play-offs

The seventh-placed team (third-placed in the relegation round) from the 2019–20 Primera Divisió and the runners-up from the 2019–20 Segona Divisió, played a relegation play-off for a place in the 2020–21 Primera Divisió. A two-legged play-off was supposed to be held on 25 and 28 July 2020, but was postponed due to a positive COVID-19 case within La Massana. As a result, the play-off was changed to a single match.
# Rajendra Prasad Singh (Bihar and Jharkhand politician)

Rajendra Prasad Singh (Rajender Babu) was an Indian politician from Bihar and Jharkhand. He was member of the Indian National Congress. He was elected as a member of the Jharkhand Legislative Assembly from Bermo in 2019.
He was the leader of the opposition in the Jharkhand Legislative Assembly from 2010 to 2013, when Arjun Munda was chief minister of Jharkhand. Rajender Babu has been a minister in Bihar and Jharkhand. The multiple-time MLA from Bermo constituency began his political career in 1963 and went on to become the Indian National Trade Union Congress (Intuc) national general secretary, the president of the Rastriya Colliery Mazdoor Sangh and an All India Congress Committee member.

## Death

Mr Singh was suffering from a lung infection and died at the private hospital in New Delhi on 24 May 2020. His son Kumar Jaimangal became MLA from Bermo assembly.
# Lisandro Aristimuño

Lisandro Aristimuño is a musician and singer-songwriter from Argentina. His music combines rock, pop and electronica with traditional genres like Argentinian folk music. His father was a theatre director and his mother was an actress. He was born in Viedma, capital of the province of Río Negro. His childhood was spent in Viedma and in Luis Beltrán, another town in this north Patagonian province.

## Musical career

He is self-taught as a musician and at the age of 14 began to perform as singer and guitarist in the Viedma bands Marca Registrada and La Bisogna, playing cover versions. Five years later, having left these bands, he played with the musician Fernando Barilá while continuing to work on his own material.
At the end of 2001 Aristimuño moved to Buenos Aires, where he completed the songs on his first album, Azules Turquesas (2004, Los Años Luz Discos). His second album, Ese asunto de la ventana, appeared in 2005, and his third, 39º, two years later in 2007.
His fourth album, the double-sided Las crónicas del viento (2009), was released on his own record label, "Viento azul discos" (Blue Wind Discs). Las Crónicas del viento won the Gardel Prize for best alternative rock/pop album of 2010.
Aristimuño has worked as a producer on Mariana Baraj's Margarita y Azucena, Tomi Lebrero's Me arrepiento de todo, Tomás Aristimuño's Verde árbol, and Liliana Herrero's "Maldigo".
In 2012, he released Mundo Anfibio, his fifth album, on which he oversaw the arrangements, musical direction and production and performed with Ricardo Mollo, Hilda Lizarazu and Boom Boom Kid as invited musicians. Mundo Anfibio was nominated at the Latin Grammys 2012 in the category "best alternative album" and won the Gardel Prize for best alternative rock/pop album in 2013.

## Discography

* Azules Turquesas (2004)
* Ese Asunto de la Ventana (2005)
* 39º (2007)
* Las Crónicas del Viento (2009)
* Mundo Anfibio (2012)
* Constelaciones (2016)
# Daniël Mijtens

Daniël Mijtens (Dutch pronunciation:; c. 1590 – 1647/48), known in England as Daniel Mytens the Elder, was a Dutch Golden Age portrait painter belonging to a family of Flemish painters who spent the central years of his career working in England.

## Biography

He was born in Delft, the son of Maerten Mijtens, an art dealer and saddler from Brussels (c. 1552–1628), and Anneken Tyckmakers (died 1611). He was born into a family of artists and trained in The Hague, possibly in the studio of Michiel Jansz van Mierevelt. He was the nephew of the painter Aert Mijtens, the older brother of the painter Isaac Mijtens, and the father of the painter Daniel Mijtens the Younger. No known work survives from his first Dutch period.
By 1618, he had moved to London, where his initial patron was the leading art collector Thomas Howard, 14th Earl of Arundel. Mijtens painted the Earl and his Countess, Alethea Talbot, and was soon commissioned to paint King James I and his son Charles, Prince of Wales.
After the Prince's accession to the throne as Charles I in 1625 Mijtens produced such a large number of full-length portraits of Charles I and his courtiers, including duplicates, that it is assumed that he had workshop assistance. Two of his finest portraits are of the same man, James Hamilton later 1st Duke of Hamilton, whom he painted as a seventeen-year-old in 1623 and again in 1629. Mijtens made visits to the Netherlands in 1626 and 1630, perhaps to study the latest developments in his field, more particularly the works of Peter Paul Rubens and Anthony van Dyck.
Mijtens introduced a new naturalism into the English court portrait, and influenced Abraham van Blyenberch, but after the arrival in England of the far more distinguished van Dyck in 1632 he was superseded as the leading court portraitist. Van Dyck demonstrated his superiority over Mytens by painting a portrait of the King and Queen, based on Mytens original, but better executed. Around 1634 Mytens appears to have returned to the Netherlands permanently. He subsequently worked primarily as an art dealer in The Hague, acquiring works for the Earl of Arundel among others. Only four paintings survive from this final period. He died in The Hague.

## Copies of older royal portraits

Some of Mijtens' works are still owned by the royal family. Mijtens also made copies of old portraits of royal sitters, including; James IV of Scotland, his wife Margaret Tudor, and Mary, Queen of Scots. He also made a copy of a Venus by Titian for £120 in 1625. The portrait of James IV may follow a lost original described in an inventory of Henry VIII as a "picture of Jacobe kinge of Scottes with an hawke on his fist".
Lucy Russell, Countess of Bedford was a patron of Mijtens, and in 1618 while discussing a potential purchase of pictures by Hans Holbein the Younger, offered to have substitute portraits made as copies that would be hard to distinguish from the originals.