OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Morphitis v Bernasconi

Morphitis v Bernasconi [2003] EWCA Civ 289 is a UK insolvency law and company law case, concerning fraudulent trading.

## Facts

TMC Transport (UK) Ltd's former directors were Mr Bernasconi and Mr Monti. Mr Morphitis was the liquidator. They hired a group of solicitors who advised that the Insolvency Act 1986 rules on trading while insolvent could be circumvented by setting up a new company, resigning, and transferring the assets but not the liabilities there. The case turned on whether knowingly failing to pay a final instalment to their landlord was enough to constitute fraudulent trading under the Insolvency Act 1986, section 213.

## Judgment

Chadwick LJ held that there was not enough to constitute fraud in this case on this single instance. Not every fraudulent transaction makes the business a business carried on with intent to defraud. Moreover, there must be a causal connection between the fraud and the loss, or ‘some nexus between (i) the loss which has been caused to the company’s creditors generally by the carrying on of the business in the manner which gives rise to the exercise of the power and (ii) the contribution which those knowingly party to the carrying on of the business in that manner should be ordered to make to the assets in which the company’s creditors will share in the liquidation.’ Then, obiter he said it could not have been the intention of Parliament to allow more than compensatory claims under section 213. Disapproving the order of the judge below, he said that the provision for criminal charges in Companies Act 1985, section 458 (now Companies Act 2006, s 993) precluded any necessity for a punitive element.
# Tony Hawk's Underground 2: Remix

Tony Hawk's Underground 2: Remix is a skateboarding video game in the Tony Hawk's series. The game, developed by Neversoft and Shaba Games and published by Activision, was released on March 24, 2005, as a launch title for the PlayStation Portable. Primarily a port of its console counterpart, the game featured a different progression, with four exclusive levels (Santa Cruz, Atlanta, Kyoto and Las Vegas), exclusive characters, and new cutscenes. "Create-a-Park" was notably absent in the game, with some graphics and other aspects toned-down from the console version.

## Gameplay

The gameplay in Tony Hawk's Underground 2: Remix is similar to that of previous Tony Hawk games: the player skates around in a 3D environment modeled after various cities and attempts to complete various goals. Most goals involve skating on or over various objects or performing combos. Scores are calculated by adding the sum of the point value of each trick strung together in a combo and then multiplying by the number of tricks in the combo.
Many levels return from previous games, including an expanded warehouse (which also serves as the Story Mode's training area), School and Downhill Jam from Tony Hawk's Pro Skater, Canada, Los Angeles and Airport from Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 3, and Philadelphia from Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2. Classic mode, which was featured in Underground 2, was included in Remix. The game features four-player wireless play.
Three of the exclusive levels (Santa Cruz, Kyoto, and Las Vegas) from Tony Hawk's Underground 2: Remix ended up being recycled into the console releases of Tony Hawk's American Wasteland, while Tony Hawk's American Wasteland: Collector's Edition brought back Atlanta.

## Development

A sequel to Underground was first announced in January 2004. During development, developer Neversoft sent its members to locations featured in-game in order to get more acquainted with the areas. Shaba Games, who had previously developed Mat Hoffman's Pro BMX and the port of Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 3 for the PlayStation, adapted the game to the handheld.

## Reception

Aggregate scores :
| Aggregator | Score |
| GameRankings | 82.90% |
| Metacritic | 83 |
The game received generally positive reviews upon release. Chris Roper of IGN called Underground 2: Remix "a nearly perfect extended port of the console version", while rating it 8.7/10. GameSpot's Jeff Gerstmann commented that "this 'remixed' version of the original delivers almost everything that was great about the console versions, and with the inclusion of four new levels, the single-player experience has gotten even better", giving it an 8.5/10.
# The Psychoanalytic Quarterly

The Psychoanalytic Quarterly is a quarterly academic journal of psychoanalysis established in 1932 and, since 2018, published by Taylor & Francis. The journal describes itself as "the oldest free-standing psychoanalytic journal in America". The current editor-in-chief is Neal Vorus.

## History

The Psychoanalytic Quarterly was established by Dorian Feigenbaum, Bertram D. Lewin, Frankwood Williams, and Gregory Zilboorg. In the opening issue they described the journal's aims:
   This Quarterly will be devoted to theoretical, clinical and applied psychoanalysis. It has been established to fill the need for a strictly psychoanalytic organ in America…A close collaboration with associates abroad will be maintained. At the same time, a prime objective of the magazine is to stimulate American work and provide an outlet for it.
The first issue's lead article was Libidinal Types by Sigmund Freud, one of three articles by Freud translated by Edith B. Jackson and published in the journal in its first year. However, the new journal upset Ernest Jones in England, who saw it as a competitor to The International Journal of Psychoanalysis, which he edited. The new journal was also watched carefully by Smith Ely Jelliffe and William Alanson White of the National Psychological Association for Psychoanalysis, which published Psychoanalytic Review:
   the Quarterly [...] is very excellent and I wish they would get on with it. I suspect that Lewin and his crows would get into hot water if someone read his paper and was after pornographic stuff; they could make it very hot. I do not know if I should warn Feigenbaum about it, as it might also include others, as you know the R. C. gentry are not asleep. The Quarterly has no special prospects. They will have to dig into their jeans or find an angel...

## Abstracting and indexing

The journal is abstracted and indexed in:
* Arts & Humanities Citation Index
* ATLA Religion Database
* EMBASE
* FRANCIS
* MEDLINE/PubMed
* MLA International Bibliography
* PsycINFO/Psychological Abstracts
* Scopus
* Social Sciences Citation Index
* SocINDEX
* Sociological Abstracts
* VINITI Database RAS
# Dünkheger

Dünkheger (Mongolian: Дүнхэгэр уул Dungheger ûûl; Chinese: 冬赫格尔; pinyin: Dōnghègé'ěr; Wade–Giles: Tung-ho-ko-erh), also known as Mount Altun Obo (Mongolian: Altan ôbôô ûûl; Oirat: Altun oboo uulǝ; Chinese: 阿同敖包; pinyin: Ātóng Áobāo; Wade–Giles: A-t'ung-ao-pao), is the highest peak of Baitag Bogda (Oirat: Baitag Bogdǝ uulǝs, Chinese: 北塔山, 拜克达山), a mountain range in the Altai Mountains of Asia. It has an elevation of 3,315 metres (10,876 ft) and is on the international border between Qitai County, China and Khovd Province, Mongolia.
# Colombia Potencia de la Vida–Strongman

Colombia Potencia de la Vida–Strongman is a Colombian UCI Continental road cycling team founded in 2020.

## Team roster

    As of 8 February 2024.
| | Rider | Date of birth |
| Freddy Avila (COL) | Freddy Avila (COL) | (2003-06-13) 13 June 2003 (age 21) |
| Yeferson Camargo (COL) | Yeferson Camargo (COL) | (2004-11-10) 10 November 2004 (age 20) |
| Yeisson Casallas (COL) | Yeisson Casallas (COL) | (2000-02-07) 7 February 2000 (age 25) |
| Juan Camilo Castillo (COL) | Juan Camilo Castillo (COL) | (2003-09-15) 15 September 2003 (age 21) |
| Marlon Diágama (COL) | Marlon Diágama (COL) | (2003-04-17) 17 April 2003 (age 21) |
| | Rider | Date of birth |
| Jhojan García (COL) | Jhojan García (COL) | (1998-01-10) 10 January 1998 (age 27) |
| Nicolás David Gómez (COL) | Nicolás David Gómez (COL) | (2000-05-27) 27 May 2000 (age 24) |
| Cesar Guavita (COL) | Cesar Guavita (COL) | (2002-01-13) 13 January 2002 (age 23) |
| Ivan Ojeda (COL) | Ivan Ojeda (COL) | (2002-03-22) 22 March 2002 (age 22) |
| Brayan Vargas (COL) | Brayan Vargas (COL) | (2003-07-07) 7 July 2003 (age 21) |

## Major wins
### 2021

    Stage 1 Vuelta a Colombia, Nelson Soto
    Stage 8 Vuelta a Colombia, Darwin Atapuma
    Stage 9 Vuelta a Colombia, Óscar Quiroz
    Giro del Medio Brenta, Didier Merchán
    Road race, Pan American Road Championships, Nelson Soto
# María Juana

María Juana is a town in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, located 125 km from the provincial capital (Santa Fe) and 210 km from the province's largest city, Rosario. It has a population of about 5,000.
The main economic activity in the area is the production of milk and derivative dairy products, but María Juana also produces and exports soy, wheat, honey, and industrial products.
Populated mainly by descendants from Italian immigrants, María Juana has two elementary schools and three high schools. It has had a cable television system (Cable-Hogar María Juana) since the early 1990s; and multi-award-winning Radio María Juana FM 101.9, founded in 1978, one of the few alternative radio stations in Argentina that broadcasts worldwide through internet streaming.

## Notable natives

* Diego Bustos, CNN en Español anchor.
# Humble pie

The idiom eat humble pie means to face humiliation and subsequently apologize for a serious mistake. It comes from humble pie, originally umble pie, a dish from Medieval cuisine made from the edible internal organs (offal) of animals. This culinary tradition gave rise to the original expression "to eat umble pie."
The umble in the original dish name refers to these animal entrails, particularly from deer. During the Middle Ages, these less desirable animal parts, called "umbles," were typically consumed by lower classes. The word derived from numble, after the Middle French nombles, meaning "deer's innards".
The pie part refers to the pastry dish common in British cuisine since medieval times (when such pastry vessels were called "coffyns").

## Fossilized word

Although "umbles" and the modern word "humble" are not etymologically related, both words appeared with and without the initial "h" after the Middle Ages until the 19th century. Since the sound "h" is dropped in many dialects, the phrase was hypercorrected or changed due to folk etymology to "humble pie". While "umble" has disappeared from modern English, the idiom remains, preserving this fossilized word as many other idioms do.
# Apocorophium lacustre

Apocorophium lacustre is a species of amphipod crustacean. It lives in nearly fresh water; it is white and up to 6 mm long. It occurs mainly on the Atlantic coast of North America, the North Sea and the Baltic.
# Nene Tomita

Nene Tomita (Japanese: 冨田 寧寧; Tomita Nene; born September 30, 1982) is a Japanese former volleyball player who played for Toray Arrows.

## Profiles

Nene's parents were basketball players originally from China. Her father died when she was a baby, and her mother took her to Japan. Nene's mother remarried a Japanese national, so Nene's nationality is not Chinese but Japanese.
When Nene was in 6th grade, she appeared in a TV show featuring the tallest young girls in Japan. She was 177 cm. When asked how tall she would like to be, her reply was 185 cm. She retired from Toray Arrows in May 2008.

## Clubs

* Furukawa Commercial High School
* Hitachi Rivale (2001)
* Toray Arrows (2001–2008)

## Awards
### Individual

* 2001 8th V.League New face award

### Team

* 2002 Kurowashiki All Japan Volleyball Championship - Champion, with Toray Arrows.
* 2004 Kurowashiki All Japan Volleyball Championship - Champion, with Toray Arrows.
* 2007 Domestic Sports Festival (Volleyball) - Champion, with Toray Arrows.
* 2007-2008 Empress's Cup - Champion, with Toray Arrows.
* 2007-2008 V.Premier League - Champion, with Toray Arrows.
# Torpado (cycling team)

Torpado was an Italian professional cycling team that existed from 1951 to 1962. It was sponsored by the bicycle manufacturing company of the same name.
The team competed in 11 consecutive editions of the Giro d'Italia, from 1952 to 1962, where they achieved nine stage wins and having a best general classification result of 4th by Cleto Maule in 1956. Maule also notably won the 1955 Giro di Lombardia with the team.
# Gabrielle Renard

Gabrielle Renard (August 1, 1878 – February 26, 1959) was a French woman who became an important member of the family of the painter Pierre-Auguste Renoir, first becoming their nanny, and subsequently a frequent model for the artist. The bond she developed with the Renoirs' second son, the future filmmaker Jean Renoir, lasted throughout their lives. Upon her marriage in 1921, she became Gabrielle Renard-Slade.

## Early life

Born in Essoyes in the Aube departement of France, she was a cousin of Aline Victorine Charigot Renoir, who had married the painter, Pierre-Auguste. The village was the birthplace of Aline also. At age sixteen, Gabrielle Renard moved to Montmartre to live and work as a nanny in her cousin's household, where the second of the three Renoir sons was about to be born. Renard became the subject of a number of Renoir's portraits, many of her with the children.

## The Renoir family

Gabrielle Renard developed a strong bond with the infant, Jean Renoir, that would last throughout their lives. She introduced him to the Guignol puppet shows that were held in the Montmartre. Gabrielle was fascinated by the newly invented motion picture, and when Jean Renoir was only a few years old, she took him to see his first film. He became a renowned film maker.
During the final years of Pierre-Auguste Renoir's life he suffered from severe rheumatoid arthritis, but continued to paint with her help. When the family moved to a farm at Cagnes-sur-Mer near the Mediterranean coast, seeking a better climate for Renoir's arthritis, Gabrielle moved with them. While he worked in the studio at "Les Collettes", Gabrielle would place the paint brush between his crippled fingers.

## Marriage

Devoted to her cousin's family, Gabrielle Renard did not marry until 1921, when the Renoir children were grown. Her husband, Conrad Hensler Slade [d] (1871–1955), was an aspiring painter from a wealthy American family. They had a son whom they named Jean Slade.

## The United States

Following the occupation of France by the Germans during World War II, Gabrielle and her family moved to the United States, her husband's native country. Jean Renoir also moved to the United States during the war. Being a successful film director, he settled in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California. When Gabrielle's husband died in 1955, she moved to Beverly Hills to be near Jean Renoir.

## Death

Gabrielle Renard-Slade died at her home in Beverly Hills in 1959. In his memoirs, My Life and My Films, Jean Renoir begins and ends his book with discussion of Gabrielle Renard, and, throughout the autobiography, he recounts the profound influence Gabrielle had upon his life. He wrote, "She taught me to see the face behind the mask and the fraud behind the flourishes", and he concluded with the words he said he had often spoken as a child, "Wait for me, Gabrielle".
# BFW M.35

The BFW M.35, sometimes known as the Messerschmitt M 35, was a German sports plane of the early 1930s. It was the last of a line designed by Willy Messerschmitt.

## Development

During the period of 1927–33, Messerschmitt designed a series of six sport planes, the single-seat M.17 and M.19, and the two-seat M.23, M.27 M.31, and finally the M.35. With the exception of the M.23, none sold in large numbers. They were all single-engine low-wing cantilever monoplanes with open cockpits and fixed undercarriage. The M.35 kept the extended fuselage of the M.27 and combined it with an undercarriage of single leg, spatted form.
Two different engines were used. The M35a had a 112 kW (150 hp), seven-cylinder radial Siemens Sh 14a, and the M.35b a 100 kW (135 hp) four-cylinder inline inverted air-cooled Argus As 8b. The former was the shorter and faster of the two. The aircraft first flew in 1933.

## Operational history

The aircraft was first shown to the public and potential buyers at the 1934 Aerosalon in Geneva. In that year, Rudolf Hess won the Zugspitz trophy in a M.35. In 1934–1935, Wilhelm Stör won the German Aerobatic Championship in a M.35b, and in 1935 the women's prize was taken by Vera von Bissing in a similar machine. Stör can be seen flying an M.35 in daring acrobatic maneuvers during the 1935 German film Wunder des Fliegens (Miracle of Flight).
Despite these successes and strong performances at other venues in the late 1930s, only 15 M.35s were built, 13 registered in Germany, one in Spain and reputedly one in Romania. Though the M.35a was faster, the M.35b was commoner; only two M.35as are definitely identified.

## Operators
### Spain

* Spanish Republican Air Force

## Specifications (M.35a)

Data from Smith 1971, p. 34
General characteristics
* Crew: two
* Length: 7.48 m (24 ft 6 in)
* Wingspan: 11.57 m (37 ft 11.33 in)
* Height: 2.75 m (9 ft 0 in)
* Wing area: 17.0 m$^2$ (183 sq ft)
* Empty weight: 500 kg (1,102 lb)
* Gross weight: 800 kg (1,764 lb)
* Powerplant: 1 × Siemens Sh 14a 7-cylinder radial , 110 kW (150 hp)
Performance
* Maximum speed: 230 km/h (143 mph, 124 kn)
* Cruise speed: 195 km/h (122 mph, 106 kn)
* Range: 700 km (435 mi, 378 nmi)
* Service ceiling: 5,800 m (19,000 ft)
* Rate of climb: 5.05 m/s (994 ft/min) to 1,000 m (3,200 ft)
# Ryo Terakado

Ryo Terakado (寺神戸 亮, Terakado Ryō, born 1961 in Santa Cruz, Bolivia) is a Japanese violinist and conductor who specializes in historically informed performance. He also plays the viola, viola d'amore and violoncello da spalla. He has been teaching at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague and the Toho Gakuen School of Music.

## Career

Terakado began to study the violin at age four. He won a second prize in the All Japan Youth Musical Competition aged fourteen, and studied at the Tōhō Gakuen Daigaku in Tokyo. In 1984 he became concertmaster of the Tokyo Philharmonic Orchestra.
When he was nineteen, he got interested in the Baroque violin. He studied from 1986 with Sigiswald Kuijken and graduated as a soloist three years later. From 1987, he has performed as concertmaster in several Baroque orchestras in Europe and Japan, including Les Arts Florissants, La Chapelle Royale, Collegium Vocale Gent, La Petite Bande and the Tokyo Bach-Mozart Orchestra. He has been concertmaster of the Bach Collegium Japan which is active in the complete recordings of Bach cantatas, conducted by Masaaki Suzuki, playing not only violin, but also viola and viola d'amore. As concertmaster of il Gardellino, he conducted a recording of Bach solo cantatas for bass with Dominik Wörner, such as Ich will den Kreuzstab gerne tragen, BWV 56. Terakado recorded Bach's sonatas and partitas for solo violin, and also his Cello Suites, playing them on a violoncello da spalla, a small cello played braced against the shoulder.
As a conductor, he has performed Baroque operas such as Purcell's Dido und Aeneas and The Fairy Queen, Rameau's Pigmalion and excerpts of operas by Jean-Baptiste Lully and Mozart.
He has been a teacher at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague and the Toho Gakuen School of Music.
# Glenmere Lake

Glenmere Lake is a colonial mill pond or reservoir located in Orange County, New York, United States. It is New York State's largest habitat of the Northern cricket frog (Acris crepitans), listed as endangered by in New York State Department of Environmental Conservation records
The lake is part of the greater Orange County-owned Glenmere Preserve, one of the largest wild areas in Orange County. Glenmere Lake is the most biologically diverse natural feature of Orange County, with hardwood swamp, shale ridgelines, wide marsh, mossy bogs, vernal pools and an open-water reservoir. Such biodiversity, present in New York's fastest-growing county, underscores the critical nature of Glenmere's unique habitat. The Glenmere Reservoir lands are home to bald eagles, six species of hawk and six of owl. Endangered plant and animal species inhabit the Glenmere lands- in fact, New York State's largest and virtually last population of endangered northern cricket frogs inhabits the entire parcel.
Glenmere straddles Orange County's two largest Hudson River watershed basins: The Wallkill, on its western side, and the Moodna, on its east, as represented by its westernmost tributary, the Black Meadow Creek) The Glenmere Reservoir lands include a "watershed ambiguous zone" where small brooks split off into either watershed. The lake and associated county lands comprise sections of the towns and villages of Warwick, Chester, Sugar Loaf and Florida.
The 1912 Glenmere mansion still overlooks the reservoir.
Studies of the lake and its associated periphery are performed by the educational non-profit Glenmere Conservation Coalition.
After a number of years of warnings associated with the condition of and repairs to the Glenmere Lake dam, a penalty of $350,000 was assessed against the town of Chester and village of Florida by state regulators.
# Lagoa, Rio de Janeiro

Lagoa (English: Lagoon) is an affluent residential neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil located around the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon. It borders the neighborhoods of Ipanema, Leblon, Copacabana, Gávea, Jardim Botânico, and Humaitá.
It is the third most expensive neighborhood to live in South America. It is also one of the few places in Rio de Janeiro without a favela. The population is of about 18,200 inhabitants. Around Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon, there is a 7.5 km long cycleway and many parks.
# Dennis Droomers

Dennis "Seregor" Droomers (born 27 October 1980) is a Dutch vocalist, guitarist, artist, and songwriter. He is best known as the lead vocalist and guitarist for Dutch symphonic black metal band, Carach Angren. The stage name "Seregor" comes from Tolkien's Silmarillion. It is a combination of the word sereg which means blood, and gor which means abhorrent. Before Carach Angren, Droomers played bass and was the vocalist for Inger Indolia from 1996 to 2001 and was the vocalist for Vaultage from 2003 to 2005 with fellow Carach Angren member Clemens "Ardek" Wijers on keyboards. Carach Angren began as his and Wijers' side project while they were playing in Vaultage, because the two connected over a shared love of horror and storytelling. Later, Vaultage was disbanded as Carach Angren became increasingly successful. It is known that he grew up close to Schildveldse Bossen near where the focus of Lammendam took place. It is also known that he was primarily raised by his grandparents and is close to his grandmother who appears on the album art of This Is No Fairytale as the hand of the witch. Typically, Droomers writes Carach Angren's lyrics and stories while bandmate Clemens "Ardek" Wijers writes the composition.
Droomers also builds and sells masks, including customized commissions. He is self-taught and has never had any formal artistic education, nor has he had formal musical training. When asked about his artistic background he responded, "just like guitar playing, extreme vocals, songwriting etc. I all sorted it out myself." His masks are frequently sold to fans through his website and Facebook page and Italian band Fleshgod Apocalypse has also used costume pieces made by Droomers. He also made all the gravestones in the "Charles Francis Coghlan" music video himself out of plaster and cardboard.

## Influences

Droomers claims that the paranormal has always been fascinating to him. He is also a big horror movie fan, and has cited Hellraiser and The Fly as favorites. To him, music is a release for creative story ideas and he has discussed that typically the concept comes first and the music and performance works around it. Therefore, all Carach Angren music has a horror concept with a particular focus on ghosts and spirits.

## Discography
### Carach Angren

* The Chase Vault Tragedy (2004)
* Ethereal Veiled Existence (2005)
* Lammendam (2008)
* Death Came Through a Phantom Ship (2010)
* Where the Corpses Sink Forever (2012)
* This Is No Fairytale (2015)
* Dance and Laugh Amongst the Rotten (2017)
* Franckensteina Strataemontanus (2020)

### Inger Indolia

* Hexed Forgotten Sanctuaries (2000)
* Sycosynthesis (2001)

### Vaultage

* Hallucinate Beyond (2003)