OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Triggshire

Trigg Hundred :
* Shown within UK and Cornwall |
The hundred of Trigg (also known as Triggshire) was one of ten ancient administrative shires of Cornwall—see "Hundreds of Cornwall".
Trigg is mentioned by name during the 7th century, as "Pagus Tricurius", "land of three war hosts". It was to the north of Cornwall, and included Bodmin Moor, Bodmin and the district to the west and north of the Moor. The high incidence of imported pottery from the period found at Tintagel Castle suggests that this was an area of high significance, where war bands from the region may have congregated.
The name may be cognate with that of Trégor (Bro-Dreger) in Brittany, now northwest France. The same name is used for the ecclesiastical deaneries of Trigg Major and Trigg Minor which between them cover a wider area (but not identical to the historical boundaries). Since 1874 they have been within the Archdeaconry of Bodmin, and since 1876 within the Diocese of Truro.
The parishes of Triggshire consisted of Bodmin, Blisland, St Breward, Egloshayle, St Endellion, Helland, St Kew, St Mabyn, St Minver, St Teath, Temple, St Tudy.

## Modern usage

The name Triggshire has been adopted by different clubs and organizations in the area. Triggshire Wind Orchestra, an amateur orchestra for wind players primarily from Sir James Smith's School, Wadebridge School, Budehaven School, however some students from Bodmin College and Launceston College also attend. The orchestra was set up in 1984 by conductor Janet Elston, who still conducts them today. After the success of the wind orchestra, Triggshire String Orchestra was set up, to cater for the string players from these schools.
Trigg Morris are a long established Morris Dancing club.

## Literature

The historian Sir John Maclean (1811-1895) came from Trehudreth in Blisland and his "Parochial History of the Deanery of Trigg Minor" (1872-1879) in 3 volumes is the most detailed work of parochial history which deals with Cornwall (the deanery consisted of 20 parishes at the time he wrote). It was published in parts intended for binding as three volumes: there was also a separate edition of the part on Blisland. (His name was originally John Lean but he adopted that of Maclean, in the belief that he had Maclean ancestors, because a contemporary Lean was incriminated in the Bodmin Moor Murder. Two versions of the origins of at least some of the Lean families of Devon and Cornwall have been passed through the oral tradition. One of these went with a Lean family to Australia in about 1820, and was passed down to Mike Lean, patent officer at the University of Queensland. Both versions include the disinheritance and banishment of two Maclean brothers (thus sans Mac) from the west of Scotland to a farm near Bodmin, where they married two sisters and lived near Blisland.)
# Online Direct Democracy

Online Direct Democracy – (Empowering the People!) was a registered Australian political party. It was briefly named Climate Action! Immigration Action! Accountable Politicians! from January 2019 to September 2019, and had previously been known as Senator Online. The party was de-registered in December 2020.

## Policies and philosophy

Online Direct Democracy did not have any policies. Instead it has pledged to conduct an online poll for every bill that passes before Parliament. Anyone on the Australian electoral roll would be allowed to register to vote in these polls and will be allowed one vote per bill. The MPs would then be required to vote in accordance with the clear majority (55%-70% and more than 100,000 votes). If there is no clear majority they will abstain from voting. A beta version of the system is operating and available for public use. This system has been designed to highlight the possibilities on online democracy.

## History

The party contested the 2007 and 2013 federal elections as Senator Online. In the five states the party contested in 2007, it received on average 0.06% of the vote (or roughly 6 votes for every 10,000 cast) with the greatest success in Victoria where it received 0.18% of the vote (or roughly 18 votes for every 10,000 cast).
Senator Online changed its name in 2015 to Online Direct Democracy.
The party has been involved in Glenn Druery's Minor Party Alliance.
In the 2016 federal election Online Direct Democracy fielded two senate candidates in each of New South Wales and Queensland, one senate candidate in the Northern Territory, and House of Representatives candidates in six seats in New South Wales, two in Queensland, one in Western Australia and one in the Northern Territory.
The party changed its name again on 16 January 2019, in the leadup to the 2019 Australian federal election, to now be "Climate Action! Immigration Action! Accountable Politicians!". The party was renamed back to "Online Direct Democracy – (Empowering the People!)" in September 2019.
# Joshua Maria Young

Joshua Maria Young (October 29, 1808 – September 18, 1866) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Erie in Pennsylvania from 1854 until his death in 1866.

## Biography
### Early life

Joshua Young was born in Acton, Maine, to Jonathan and Mehetable (née Moody) Young. One of ten children, he had three brothers and six sisters. Raised as a Congregationalist, he belonged to a prominent New England family of Harvard graduates and Protestant ministers.
At age eight, Young was sent to live with his uncle in Saco, Maine, and later became a printer's apprentice for the Eastern Argus newspaper in Portland, Maine, in 1823. He worked as editor of The Maine Democrat for about a year after his apprenticeship.
After a co-worker lent him Catholic books, Young decided to convert to Catholicism and received a conditional baptism in October 1828. Following his conversion, he changed his name to Joshua Maria Young in honor of the Virgin Mary. In 1830, he went to study for the priesthood at Cincinnati, Ohio, where he hoped the climate would be more congenial with his health. Young briefly worked for the Catholic Telegraph.

### Priesthood

After completing his theological studies at Mount St. Mary's College in Emmitsburg, Maryland, Young was ordained a priest by Bishop John Purcell on April 1, 1838. He then labored as a missionary in the Western United States before becoming pastor of St. Mary's Parish at Lancaster, Ohio. He also attended the First Plenary Council of Baltimore in 1852 as a theologian to Bishop Purcell.

### Bishop of Erie

On July 29, 1853, Young was appointed the second bishop of the Diocese of Erie by Pope Pius IX. He received his episcopal consecration on April 23, 1854, from Bishop Purcell, with Bishops Martin Spalding and Louis Rappe serving as co-consecrators.
Young was an opponent of slavery during the American Civil War (1861–1865). Due to the 1859 discovery of oil in Titusville, Young was forced to erect numerous churches to accommodate the new Catholic settlers along Oil Creek and the Allegheny River. At the beginning of Young's tenure, the diocese contained 28 churches and 14 priests; by the time of his death, the number of churches and priests were both over 50. He established several Catholic schools and orphanages, and a hospital. He also introduced into the diocese the Sisters of St. Joseph from Buffalo, New York.
Joshua Young died suddenly at his residence in Erie on September 18, 1886, at age 57.
# John Roman

John George Roman (born August 31, 1952) is a former professional American football offensive lineman in the National Football League (NFL). He played seven seasons for the New York Jets (1976–1982).
Born in Ventnor City, New Jersey, and raised in nearby Absecon, New Jersey, Roman played prep football at Holy Spirit High School and then played collegiately for the Idaho State Bengals football team. A resident of Hamilton Township, Atlantic County, New Jersey, Idaho State University indicted him into its sports hall of fame in 1994.
# Siemens Nixdorf

Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme (SNI) AG was formed in 1990 by the merger of Nixdorf Computer and the Data Information Services (DIS) division of Siemens.
It functioned as a separate company within Siemens.
It was the largest information technology company in Europe until 1999, when it was split into two: Fujitsu Siemens Computers and Wincor Nixdorf. Wincor Nixdorf took over all banking and retail related business.

## Products

SNI sold:
* BS2000 and SINIX operating systems
* BS2000 mainframe computers
* a number of databases
* SNI RISC-based RM-x00 servers
* a variety of other hardware and software products (from Personal Computers to SAP R/3).
* ComfoDesk – a GUI shell for enterprise users
# Christabel Gurney

Christabel Gurney, OBE is an activist and historian, who was involved in the Anti-Apartheid Movement. She joined the organisation in 1969, and was the editor of its journal Anti-Apartheid News from 1969 to 1980. Later, she was secretary of the Notting Hill Anti-Apartheid Group. She received an OBE "for political service, particularly to Human Rights" in the 2014 Birthday Honours. In 2023 she was bestowed with the Order of the Companions of O. R. Tambo.

## Publications
### Books

* First, Ruth; Steele, Jonathan; Gurney, Christabel (1972). The South African connection: Western investment in Apartheid. London: Maurice Temple Smith. ISBN 978-0851170299.

### Articles

* Gurney, Christabel (June 1999). "When the Boycott Began to Bite". History Today. 49 (6): 32–34.
* Gurney, Christabel (March 2000). "A Great Cause: The Origins of the Anti-Apartheid Movement, June 1959–March 1960". Journal of Southern African Studies. 26 (1): 123–144. doi:10.1080/030570700108414. JSTOR 2637553.
* Gurney, Christabel (June 2009). "The 1970s: The Anti-Apartheid Movement's Difficult Decade". Journal of Southern African Studies. 35 (2): 471–487. doi:10.1080/03057070902919991. JSTOR 40283243.
# Raymond Stora

Raymond Félix Stora (18 September 1930 – 20 July 2015) was a French theoretical physicist. He was a researcher at Service de Physique Théorique at CEA Saclay, then a research director at the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS) at CPT Marseille and at LAPP Annecy, as well as a member of CERN's theory group. His work focused on particle physics.
Stora studied at the École Polytechnique from 1951 to 1953, and then at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), where he received a doctorate in 1958 under the supervision of Victor Weisskopf. Stora's most influential contribution to physics was his work with Carlo Becchi and Alain Rouet on a rigorous mathematical procedure for quantizing non-Abelian gauge field theories, which dates from the mid 1970s and is now known as BRST quantization.
Stora was elected as a correspondent to the physics section of the French Academy of Sciences in 1994. In 2009, he was awarded the Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics. CNRS held a special conference in his honour some months after his 80th birthday.
# Shong Lue Yang

Shong Lue Yang (RPA: Yaj Soob Lwj, Pahawh: 𖬌𖬤𖬵 𖬘𖬲𖬞 𖬖𖬲𖬤; September 15, 1929 – February, 1971) was a Hmong spiritual leader and creator of the Pahawh script, a semi-syllabary for writing dialects of the Hmong language, as well as the Khmu language.
Coming under suspicion by opposing forces, he was assassinated in February 1971, during the Laotian Civil War. It was also rumored that Nao Tong Yang his brother-in-law, who has killed many people, the order to kill Shong Lue Yang due to fear and jealousy. He is honored as the "Mother of Writing" (Niam Ntawv) among the some Hmong claim group. Like the Cherokee Sequoyah of the early 19th century in Indian Territory (now United States), Shong Lue Yang is one of the few people from a pre-literate society known in history to have independently created an effective writing system.

## Biography

Born in the village of Fi Tong (Huồi Tụ), Vietnam, near the city of Nong Het, Laos, Yang grew up without learning to read or write, although he likely observed various writing systems. For much of his life, he subsisted as a farmer and basket maker.
Beginning in 1959, he reportedly had a series of divine revelations, during which he was taught the Pahawh script by a set of male twins. In his visions, he was instructed to teach the script to the Hmong and Khmu peoples. He believed that the groups who accepted the writing system would flourish and escape the hardships of the period that resulted in the Laotian Civil War. Afterward, Yang assumed the title of "Savior of the Common People" (Theej Kaj Pej Xeem), and began teaching the script and his message of redemption across Laos. He is one of the few people from a pre-literate society known to have independently created an effective writing system.
Following initial successes, including the building of a school in the village of Fi Kha, Yang was targeted by Viet Cong forces for his association with General Vang Pao and his troops. Later, he fell under suspicion by both Hmong groups who supported the Royal Lao Government (including members of Vang Pao's army) and by those Hmong who supported the Viet Cong Pathet Lao. General Vang Pao offered a reward and ordered the assassination of Shong Lue Yang, who was killed in February 1971 by Nos Toom Yang in the village of Nam Chia. By then Shong Lue Yang had completed his final version of the Pahawh Hmong script.
Nos Toom Yang never received the promised reward of 3,000,000.00 Lao Kip (approximately 158.96 USD in 1974). In 1974, while attempting to collect the bribe from General Vang Pao in Thailand, where many Laotians went as refugees, Nos Toom Yang was killed by Thai officials as ordered by the general. He was handcuffed, blindfolded, and thrown into the Mekong River.
Shong Lue Yang's writing system was republished in many books, including Mother of Writing: The Origin and Development of a Hmong Messianic Script (1990), by William A. Smalley, Chia Koua Vang, and Gnia Yee Yang.
# Kōfuku Station

Kōfuku Station (幸福駅, Kōfuku-eki) is a closed railway station on the defunct Hiroo Line in Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan. Now owned by the Kofuku town residents' association, even after its closure in 1987, it remains a popular sightseeing spot because of its name, which means "happiness" in Japanese.

## Lines

Kōfuku Station was served by the now-closed 84 km Hiroo Line between Obihiro and Hiroo Station in Hiroo, and was located 22.0 km from the starting point of the line at Obihiro.

## Station layout

The original station building remains standing, and many people paste business cards and messages on the walls of the waiting room, hoping for happiness.
* The former platform, with preserved rolling stock, August 2009
* The "Happy Bell" at the station, August 2011

## History

The station opened on 1 November 1956. It closed in 1987 when the entire line closed just before privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR).
The station become famous after it was featured on a Japanese NHK TV travel documentary programme in 1973. In fiscal 2012, it was visited by about 175,000 people, making it one of the top tourist attractions in the area.
The ageing station structure was scheduled to be renovated by Obihiro city government between September and November 2013, at a cost of 33 million yen.

## Surrounding area

The station takes its name from the name of the area in which it is located. Although the area was originally called Kōshin, it was changed to Kōfuku in around 1910 by combining the "Kō" of Kōshin with "Fuku" from Fukui, denoting the farmers from Fukui Prefecture who moved to the area around 1902 after being displaced by flooding.
# Jack Mashburn

Jack Mashburn (April 21, 1928 – September 9, 2017), also known as D. D. Mashburn, was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the Florida House of Representatives.

## Life and career

Mashburn was a chemical technician.
Mashburn served in the Florida House of Representatives from 1953 to 1954.
Mashburn died on September 9, 2017, at the age of 89.
# Huawei Honor 3X

The Huawei Honor 3X and Huawei Honor 3X Pro are Android mid-range phablets produced by Huawei, as a part of the Honor X series. The Honor 3X was released in December 2013, while the Honor 3X Pro was released in May 2014. The main difference between the base and Pro model is a display resolution and storage capacity. In some regions, the Honor 3X was sold as the Huawei Ascend G750.

## Design

The front is made of glass, while the frame and back are made of plastic.
On the bottom of the smartphones, there is the microUSB port and a microphone, while on the top, there is the 3.5 mm audio jack. On the right, there is the volume rocker and the power button. On the front, there is the screen with the logo, an earpiece speaker, a proximity/ambient light sensor and a front-facing camera above it, and three touch-sensitive navigation buttons below the display. On the back, there is the logo, a rear-facing camera, an LED flash, an additional microphone, and a speaker. Under the removable back, panel the user can find dual SIM slot for Mini-SIM and Micro-SIM with memory card slot.
The smartphones were available in black and white color options.

## Specifications
### Hardware

The smartphones are equipped with the MediaTek MT6592 SoC, which features an octa-core CPU and a Mali-450MP4 GPU. The Honor 3X came with 8 GB or 16 GB of storage, while the Honor 3X Pro came with 32 GB of storage. The storage can be expanded by microSD card up to 32 GB. Both phones feature 2 GB of RAM.
The smartphones are connectable using Bluetooth and Wi-Fi.
The smartphones feature a 13 MP rear-facing camera with autofocus and a 5 MP front-facing camera.
Both the Honor 3X and Honor 3X Pro feature a 5.5-inch IPS LCD display with a 16:9 aspect ratio. The display of the Honor 3X has an HD (720 × 1280) resolution and a 267 ppi pixel density, while the display of the Honor 3X has a Full HD (1080 × 1920) resolution and a 401 ppi pixel density.

### Software

The smartphones come out of box with Emotion UI 2.0 based Android 4.2.2 "Jelly Bean". Later, the devices were updated to EMUI 3.0 based on Android 4.4.2 "KitKat".
# Malassay

A Malassay (Harari: መለሳይ Mäläsay, Somali: Maalasay) "Mallaasay" Afár:was a member of the elite cavalry units that formed the Adal Sultanate's household troops. According to Manfred Kropp, Malassay were the Harari armed forces.

## Etymology

Malassay appears to refer to a military rank or warrior in Afar and Harari languages. According to Dr. Duri Mohammed, Malassay in ancient times referred to Harari soldiers, however in the present day it refers to a brotherhood or member of a fraternity. According to Harari scholar Abdurrahman Qorram and others, Malassay derives from the root Harari terms "mälä" (idea/solution) and "say" (wealth/prosperity).” German historian Manfred Kropp, suggests that it may be associated with the Harari title Malak.

## History

Early Ge'ez and Portuguese texts indicate Muslim soldiers were known as the Malassay. In the thirteenth century the Malassay appear to back the Amhara rebel Yekuno Amlak in his conflict with the Zagwe dynasty. Historians have identified the Gafat regiments of the Malassay played a key role in founding the Christian Solomonic dynasty.
Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi was originally a Malassay serving under a Garad named Abun Adashe prior to becoming leader of the Adal Sultanate. In the sixteenth century the main troops of Adal Sultanate's leader Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi were the Malassay during the invasion of Abyssinia. A few notable Malassay were Amir Husain bin Abubaker the Gaturi and Alus the Hegano. According to sixteenth century Adal writer Arab Faqīh, the Malassay participated in the conquest of Abyssinia at the decisive Battle of Shimbra Kure. Emperor Lebna Dengel chronicles states the Malassay alongside Qecchin were the Muslim enemy that invaded. According to Mohammed Hassen the Malassay under Ahmed consisted of the Harla and Harari ethnic groups. Ethiopian historian Merid Wolde Aregay associated the Malassay with Semitic speakers.
In the reign of Emperor Sarsa Dengel, the Hadiya Kingdom was supported by 500 Malassay donning cuirass who had arrived from Harar territory to battle Ethiopia. Sarsa Dengel chronicles mentions Malassay rebels of Elmag (an unidentified group) and the Somali under their Harari moniker Tumur had deserted thus Manfred Kropp argues the Malassay were of diverse ethnic backgrounds.
Under the seventeenth century Emirate of Harar, the entire army was commanded by a Garad who had several militias under him labeled the Malassay. In the contemporary era, the term Malassay survives as a subgroup of the Harari people. According to Umar, Malga-Gello the forefather of the Siltʼe people's clan Ulbareg was a captain of the Malassay.

## Places

Ammoy Malasay, village in Ifat, Ethiopia
# Jean Zinn-Justin

Jean Zinn-Justin (born 10 July 1943 in Berlin) is a French theoretical physicist.

## Biography

Zinn-Justin was educated in physics (undergraduate 1964) at the École Polytechnique, and did graduate work in theoretical physics at Orsay, (Ph.D. 1968) under the supervision of Marcel Froissart.
Zinn-Justin has worked since 1965 as a theoretical and mathematical physicist at the Saclay Nuclear Research Centre (CEA), where he was head of theoretical physics in 1993−1998 . He has served as a visiting professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Princeton University, State University of New York at Stony Brook (1972), and Harvard University, and further guest scientists at CERN. From 1987 to 1995 he was Director of the Les Houches School of Physics. In 2003 he became leader of DAPNIA (Department of Astrophysics, Particle Physics, Nuclear Physics and Associated Instrumentation) at Saclay.
He has made seminal contributions to the renormalizability of gauge theories. He is a world authority on quantum field theory in particle and phase transitions in statistical physics, and, in particular, the renormalization group organizing and connecting these two areas. He has written definitive books on the subject.
In 1977, he was awarded the Paul Langevin Prize of the Société Française de Physique; in 1981 the Ampère prize of the French Academy of Sciences; in 1996 the Gentner-Kastler Prize of the Société Française de Physique jointly with the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft (DPG); in 2003 the Gay-Lussac-Humboldt prize. In 2011, he was elected to the French Academy of Sciences.
# Lists of Indian actors

Lists of Indian actors cover actors from India, who portray characters in the theater, film, radio, or television. The lists are organized by medium, language and type of actor.

## By medium

* List of Indian male film actors
* List of Indian film actresses
* List of Indian television actors
* List of Indian television actresses

## By language

* List of Bengali actors
* List of Bengali actresses
* List of Bhojpuri actors
* List of Bhojpuri actresses
* List of Hindi film actors
* List of Hindi film actresses
* List of Hindi television actresses
* List of Kannada film actresses
* List of Malayalam film actors
* List of Malayalam actresses
* List of Marathi film actors
* List of Marathi film actresses
* List of actors of Tamil origin
* List of Tamil film actors
* List of Tamil film actresses
* List of Telugu film actors
* List of Telugu film actresses

## Type of actor

* List of Indian child actors
* List of Indian comedians
* List of singing actors in Indian cinema
# Elaterodiscus

Elaterodiscus is a genus of green algae in the family Chaetophoraceae. It includes the sole species Elaterodiscus appendiculatus.
# Pat Nourse

Pat Nourse (born 1977) is an Australian restaurant critic and food writer. He is the Creative Director for the Melbourne Food & Wine Festival, and was formerly employed by Australian Gourmet Traveller magazine as their chief restaurant critic and deputy editor. He also writes about Australia for the American food magazine Gourmet, and is the Australian member of the voting academy for the World's 50 Best Restaurants. He has been a contributor to The Age Good Food Guide and The Sydney Morning Herald Good Food Guide, among other publications.

## Criticism

Nourse has been critical in his reviews of the use of truffle oil and other synthetic food products, and the promotion of shark fin on restaurant menus in Australia.