OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# 1948 Harvard Crimson football team

The 1948 Harvard Crimson football team was an American football team that represented Harvard University during the 1948 college football season. In its 1st season under head coach Arthur Valpey, the team compiled a 4–4 record and were outscored by a total of 184 to 130.
Harvard was ranked at No. 61 in the final Litkenhous Difference by Score System ratings for 1948.
Harvard played its home games at Harvard Stadium in the Allston neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Rank | Site | Result | Attendance |
| October 2 | Columbia | | Harvard StadiumBoston, MA | W 33–24 | 20,000 |
| October 9 | at Cornell | No. 18 | Schoellkopf FieldIthaca, NY | L 6–40 | 25,000 |
| October 16 | at No. 5 Army | | Michie StadiumWest Point, NY | L 7–20 | 26,921 |
| October 23 | Dartmouth | | Harvard StadiumBoston, MA (rivalry) | L 7–14 | 46,000 |
| October 30 | Holy Cross | | Harvard StadiumBoston, MA | W 20–13 | 35,000 |
| November 6 | at Princeton | | Palmer StadiumPrinceton, NJ (rivalry) | L 7–47 | 37,000 |
| November 13 | Brown | | Harvard StadiumBoston, MA | W 30–19 | 25,000 |
| November 20 | Yale | | Harvard StadiumBoston, MA (The Game) | W 20–7 | 57,495 |
| Rankings from AP Poll released prior to the game |||||||

## Rankings

Ranking movements Legend: ██ Increase in ranking ██ Decrease in ranking — = Not ranked :
| | Week | Week | Week | Week | Week | Week | Week | Week | Week |
| Poll | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | Final |
| AP | 18 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
# Żulinki

Żulinki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Komarówka Podlaska, within Radzyń Podlaski County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north of Komarówka Podlaska, 23 km (14 mi) east of Radzyń Podlaski, and 71 km (44 mi) north of the regional capital Lublin.
# Samuel Gordon (novelist)

Samuel Gordon (10 September 1871 – 10 January 1927) was an English novelist, short story writer, and playwright. His fiction largely focused on the lives of contemporary English and Russian Jews.

## Biography

Samuel Gordon was born in Buk, Province of Posen to Jewish parents Bertha (née Pulver) and Rev. Abraham Elias Gordon. He went to England with his parents in 1883, where his father became cantor of the Great Synagogue of London. Gordon was educated at the City of London School, and read Classics at Queens' College, Cambridge, obtaining a Bachelor of Arts in 1893. He was appointed secretary of the Great Synagogue the following year.
Gordon published several novels and volumes of short stories, mainly dealing with Jewish life and character, among them A Handful of Exotics (1897), Daughters of Shem (1898), Lesser Destinies (1899), Strangers at the Gate (1902), God's Remnants (1916), and the historical romance The Lost Kingdom; or, the Passing of the Khazars (1926). In Years of Tradition (1897) and The New Galatea (1901) were his chief works outside Jewish lines. Gordon's most accomplished work was Sons of the Covenant: A Tale of London Jewry (1900), which portrays the lives of two newly-arrived Jewish immigrants to London's East End.
He travelled widely in Europe and lived briefly in the United States. As a journalist, Gordon covered the Fourth Zionist Congress in London for The Manchester Guardian in 1900. He later worked in the Censor's Office during the World War I.
Gordon died on 10 January 1927 at the age of 55. A theatrical adaptation of Daughters of Shem was performed at the New Scala shortly after his death.
# Saline Cemetery

The Saline Cemetery is one of the older cemeteries in Drew County, Arkansas. It is located about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) west of Wilmar on Allis Road, near the ghost town of Allis. The Allis area was settled in 1860, and local residents established the Saline Associate Reform Presbyterian Church the following year, and the cemetery was established on the church grounds. The oldest inscribed grave dates to 1878, and is that of a member of the Davis family, early settlers whose descendants continue to maintain the cemetery. A number of the area's early settlers are among the more than 100 graves in the cemetery.
The cemetery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.
# Adolphus D. Griffin

Adolphus Dyonisius Griffin (June 11, 1868 – June 2, 1916) was an American newspaper editor and publisher in the Pacific Northwest, Los Angeles, and Kansas who focused on African-American causes, including disenfranchisement in business and politics. Also known as A. D. Griffin, he founded The New Age, Portland's first Black newspaper, in 1896. He was friends with Booker T. Washington and participated in the Portland chapter of the National Afro-American Council. He was also an investor in real estate.

## Life

Griffin was born June 11, 1868, in Kingston, Louisiana. His parents, Fannie and Tillman Griffin, were farmers. At age 20, he moved to California.
Griffin was married to Emma K. Griffin, whom he left in 1907 when he moved to Topeka, Kansas.
He later moved to Kansas City, where he died of heart failure in his office on June 2, 1916. He was buried in Shreveport, Louisiana.

## Career

   If you are sick, If you are going to have a tour, If you have a friend coming to town, If you are going to give a reception, If you did give a reception lately, If you have lost a member of your family, If your church is going to give a concert or supper, If you have any good clean news, whatever, send it by card or otherwise.
While he lived in California, Griffin helped with starting the California Eagle (Los Angeles). When he moved to Spokane, Washington, he became an editor for The Northwest Echo  [Wikidata]. He moved to Portland, Oregon in 1896, where he started The New Age, an eight-page weekly newspaper he published from 1899 to 1907. This was the first newspaper for Portland's roughly 700 black residents. He also started land development company Enterprise Investment Company. In addition to its historical importance for articles on issues facing the black population, The New Age is unique since African-Americans were excluded by the constitution of the state of Oregon during the time the newspaper was published.
He was elected as a Republican delegate to the Oregon state convention twice.
In Topeka, Kansas, he worked as an editor for The Topeka Plaindealer  [Wikidata] and as a city detective. In 1913, Griffin became a trustee and board president for Western University, a historically black college in Quindaro, Kansas. In 1916 in Kansas City, he started The Kansas Elevator  [Wikidata].
# 1991 North Atlantic Conference men's basketball tournament

The 1991 North Atlantic Conference men's basketball tournament was hosted by the higher seeds in head-to-head matchups. The final was held at Matthews Arena on the campus of Northeastern University. Northeastern gained its seventh and final America East Conference Championship and an automatic berth to the NCAA tournament with its win over Maine. Northeastern was given the 16th seed in the East Regional of the NCAA Tournament and lost in the first round to North Carolina 101–66.

## Bracket and results

| Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Finals | Finals | Finals |
| | | | 1 | Northeastern | 74 | | | |
| 4 | Vermont | 65 | 5 | Hartford | 59 | | | |
| 5 | Hartford | 85 | | | | 1 | Northeastern | 57 |
| | | | | | | 2 | Maine | 46 |
| | | | 2 | Maine | 71 | | | |
| 3 | Boston U. | 88 | 3 | Boston U. | 58 | | | |
| 6 | New Hampshire | 57 | | | | | | |
# 1927 Centenary Gentlemen football team

The 1927 Centenary Gentlemen football team represented the Centenary College of Louisiana as a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA) during the 1927 college football season. Centenary posted an undefeated 10–0 record and beat four Southwestern Conference schools. It is one of the school's best ever teams.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 24 | Sam Houston State* | Shreveport, LA | W 27–0 | 4,000 |
| October 1 | Millsaps | Shreveport, LA | W 26–0 | |
| October 8 | SMU* | Shreveport, LA | W 21–12 | |
| October 15 | at Florida Southern | Lakeland, FL | W 26–0 | 3,500 |
| October 22 | at Baylor* | Cotton PalaceWaco, TX | W 9–6 | |
| October 28 | Birmingham–Southern* | Shreveport, LA | W 27–7 | |
| November 5 | at Rice* | Rice FieldHouston, TX | W 33–7 | |
| November 11 | TCU* | Shreveport, LA | W 7–3 | |
| November 19 | Louisiana Tech | Shreveport, LA | W 33–0 | |
| November 24 | Louisville | Shreveport, LA | W 59–2 | 5,500 |
| *Non-conference game ||||||
# Jiří Novotný (footballer)

Jiří Novotný (Czech pronunciation:; born 7 April 1970 in Prague) is a former Czech professional football defender. He played for Czechoslovakia and the Czech Republic, playing a total of 33 matches and scored two goals for both teams.

## Biography

Novotný began playing football in Stochov and became part of Sparta Prague's youth team at the age of fourteen. He went on to spend most of his career with Sparta Prague, debuting in the 1986–87 season where the club was crowned league champions.
Aside from the Czech Republic, Novotný also played in Russian club Rubin Kazan in 2003 and 2004 as well as Slovak club MFK Ružomberok in 2007–08 season. Upon ending his playing career, he was appointed assistant coach to František Straka in České Budějovice on 2 September 2024.
Novotný is married and has a daughter. He spends his free time watching ice hockey.

## International goals

    Scores and results list Czech Republic's goal tally first.
| No | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| 1. | 22 February 1994 | İnönü Stadium, Istanbul, Turkey | Turkey | 1–1 | 4–1 | Friendly |
| 2. | 11 October 1997 | Letná Stadium, Prague, Czech Republic | Slovakia | 3–0 | 3–0 | 1998 FIFA World Cup qualification |
# Constitution of Burundi

The Constitution of Burundi was adopted by referendum on February 28, 2005 and promulgated on March 18, 2005.
On May 12, 2017, a draft revision of the constitution of Burundi was announced. The final draft was announced on October 25, 2017, and provides for the creation of a post of Prime Minister, the transition from a five-year to a seven year presidential term, the term limit will be one consecutive and the threshold of adoption of the laws would go from two thirds to the absolute majority. With these changes, the Arusha Accords are de facto abrogated. In January 2018, during the campaign for the referendum, the Burundian authorities arrested opponents of the changes. Finally, the text also provides for the possibility of restoring the monarchy.
The referendum was held on May 17, 2018. The proposed amendments to the constitution were approved by over 70% of voters. The constitutional reform was promulgated on June 7, 2018.
# Daniel Arnold (photographer)

Daniel Arnold is a street and fashion photographer based in New York City.

## Work

Arnold initially distributed his work on Instagram and gained visibility through a viral 2012 Gawker article, in which he was described as "the best photographer on Instagram". Arnold was banned from the service but later returned with a new account, accruing over 60,000 followers by 2014. That same year, Arnold was referred to as "the William Eggleston of Instagram" and "Instagram's ultimate street photographer" in The New York Times and Wired, respectively. Additionally, Arnold was given control of The New Yorker's Instagram account for one week, during which he documented activity on New York City subways. In 2017, his work was featured in the documentary Daniel Arnold's New York, as well as in Vogue, which featured his photographic examinations of life in the Midwest. The following year, he covered the Women's March for Vogue.
Arnold has published two print collections of his work: Locals (2013), with photographs of New York commuters; and Pickpocket (2021), with an afterword by filmmaker Josh Safdie.
# How the West Was Won (Peter Perrett album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| The Guardian | |
How the West Was Won is the debut solo studio album by English rock musician Peter Perrett, released on 30 June 2017 by Domino. It was mainly produced by Chris Kimsey with Peter Perrett and his son Jamie producing the title track. Two music videos were produced for the album: "How the West Was Won" and "An Epic Story".

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Peter Perrett, except where noted
# Minarets High School

Minarets High School is the first high school built in the Chawanakee Unified School District. The school's official first year of operation was in August 2008 with 27 9th graders in the Pilot Program. The school moved onto the new campus in September, 2009 with 135 9th and 10th graders. In the fall of 2010, there were 290 9th, 10th and 11th graders. The school colors are purple and gold, and the mascot is a Mustang. Minarets is a 21st Century High School, a one-to-one laptop and project-based school. All students are issued MacBooks and may also bring a laptop of any type, if they wish. Minarets has two primary Career Pathways - Ag and Natural Resources, as well as Arts, Media and Entertainment.
Minarets achieved WASC accreditation in July, 2010. Minarets students scored very well on the 2009/10 California state testing. Highlights included 75% of all 9th graders scoring Proficient or Advanced in English, while also getting an API of 772 (second highest in Madera County). On the CAHSEE in the spring of 2010, the 10th graders enjoyed a 90% pass rate on the California High School Exit Exam (CAHSEE).
Minarets Media students have had winning videos in the following contests: 2010 International Student Media Festival (2), 2010 California Media Festival (2), 2008 and 2009 Fresno ROP Skills Challenge (5 total), and many nominees in the Slick Rock Student film festival (Minarets has had freshman and sophomores competing against the best Juniors and Seniors in the Valley at Slick Rock). Minarets Media Students also produce a weekly TV show, a weekly school wide digital signage service and documents Minarets sports. Minarets Media students also do community service films for groups like: The Power of One, SkiJamin, The Kingsburg Historical Society among others. Advanced Media students recently produced the A/V segment for the Get Reel Film Festival, which featured a Wirecast-based, two camera live video and presentation that was an aggregate 18 gigabyte, 2 hour production.
Minarets High School also has a tremendous Ag and FFA Program with 400 current FFA members. Students can participate in FFA through many of their science classes. Minarets students have almost swept awards at our two county fairs, while also competing well at the state and national level in Parli Pro.
Minarets High School received a Golden Bell Award from the California School Board Association in the fall of 2011. Their 21st Century High School Program was recognized for Invigorating High School. Additionally, Minarets has two Apple Distinguished Educators (Jon Corippo and Patrick Wilson), two Central Valley Computer Using Educators Teachers of the Year (Jon Corippo in 2009-2010 and Jamie Smith in 2011–2012), the CVCUE and CUE Site Administrator of the Year in 2010 (Michael Niehoff), etc.
Minarets also got the best team in the county in both the 2023 and 2024 BMT (Berkeley Math Tournament)
# Jürgen Nührenberg

Jürgen Nührenberg (born February 2, 1942, in Berlin) is a German plasma physicist.
Nührenberg studied physics at the University of Göttingen and the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, where he received his doctorate from Arnulf Schlüter [Wikidata] in 1969 (translated: Linear and Toroidal Magnetohydrostatic Equilibria). He was a post-doctoral student at the University of Iowa and the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences of New York University. In 1971, he worked at the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (IPP) in Garching near Munich, where he dealt with the theory of stellarators for controlled nuclear fusion.
In 1979, he became the head of the group "Theorie dreidimensionaler Systeme" (Theory of three-dimensional systems) and in 1981 the head of the group "Stellaratorphysik" (Stellarator Physics). In 1996, he became a scientific member of the IPP. In 1997, he became the Greifswald branch director of the IPP and a professor at the University of Greifswald.
In the 1980s, Nührenberg and Allen Boozer developed methods to optimize the magnetic field of the stellarator in such a way that the stability of plasma confinement became comparable to those of the tokamak. In contrast to tokamaks, stellarators work continuously but have more complicated magnetic fields that do not have simple rotational symmetry. Boozer formulated conditions of stability for the stellarator magnetic fields (including quasi-symmetry) and Nührenberg showed that these could be implemented in concrete magnetic field configurations. These concepts were then experimentally realized in the Wendelstein 7-AS stellarator and later paved the way for the development of the Wendelstein 7-X stellarator in Greifswald. Since 1990, Nührenberg has been a member of the project management team involved in the planning of the Wendelstein 7-X and has played a key role in its development.
In 2010, he received the Hannes Alfvén Prize with Allen Boozer for "the formulation and practical application of criteria allowing stellarators to have good fast-particle and neoclassical energy confinement".
# Öçal

Öçal is a Turkish surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Burhan Öçal [Wikidata] (born 1959), Turkish musician
* Özgür Öçal (born 1981), Turkish footballer
* Yunus Öçal, Turkish volleyball coach
# White liquor

White liquor is a strongly alkaline solution composed mainly of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide. It is used in the first stage of the Kraft process in which lignin and hemicellulose are separated from cellulose fiber for the production of pulp. The white liquor breaks the bonds between lignin and cellulose. It is called white liquor due to its white opaque colour.

## Composition

White liquor consists mainly of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide in water and is the active component in Kraft pulping. White liquor also contains minor amounts of sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, sodium thiosulfate, sodium chloride, calcium carbonate and other accumulated salts and non-process elements. These additional components are considered inert in the Kraft process, except sodium carbonate that contributes to a lesser extent.
The chemical composition and properties of the white liquor are calculated as total alkali, active alkali, effective alkali, sulfidity, causticity and reduction.
| Total alkali | All Na$^−$ compounds | |
| Active alkali (AA) | NaOH + Na$_2$S | g NaOH equivalents, or % on dry wood |
| Effective alkali (EA) | NaOH + ½ Na$_2$S | g NaOH equivalents, or % on dry wood |
| Sulfidity | Na$_2$S / AA | % |
| Causticity | NaOH / (NaOH + Na$_2$CO$_3$) | % |
| Reduction | Na$_2$S / (Na$_2$S + Na$_2$SO$_4$) | % |

## Application

The Kraft cooking liquor (white) is used to extract the lignin and break down the cellulose composition of wood chips into usable pulp. The white (cooking) liquor becomes weak black liquor and is sent to the recovery process.
# Teresa Hord Owens

Teresa "Terri" Hord Owens is an American Christian minister who currently serves as the General Minister and President of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) in the United States and Canada. When she was elected in 2017, Owens was the first black woman to lead a mainline denomination as their chief executive.

## Early career

Owens graduated from Harvard University in 1982 and subsequently worked in data management at large corporations. After 23 years, she recognized a call to ministry, and went to the University of Chicago Divinity School and Disciples Divinity House, from which she graduated in 2003 with a Master of Divinity. In 2005, she was appointed dean of students of the University of Chicago Divinity School. She served in that position for 15 years.

## General Minister and President

In 2017, she was nominated and elected General Minister and President of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) in the United States and Canada. She is the first woman of color to lead a mainline Christian denomination in North America, and the second woman to lead the Disciples of Christ. As GMP, she serves as head of communion, pastor to the denomination, and chief executive of the denomination. Since her election, she has appeared at rallies and events of the Poor People's Campaign, guided the Disciples through the COVID-19 Pandemic, and facilitated a full communion agreement between the Disciples and the United Church of Canada. In 2021, she was elected Treasurer of the National Council of Churches, becoming part of the first slate of all-female leadership for the ecumenical organization.
# Salvia mellifera

Salvia mellifera (Californian black sage, also known as seel by the Mahuna) is a small, highly aromatic, evergreen shrub of the genus Salvia (the sages) native to California, and Baja California, Mexico. It is common in the coastal sage scrub of Southern California and northern Baja California. Black sage has a dark appearance, especially during drought.

## Description

Californian black sage is a perennial shrub that grows approximately 1–2 meters (3.3–6.6 ft) tall. It is covered with simple hairs with some glandular hairs, which makes it highly aromatic. The leaves are oblong-elliptic to obovate in shape and are about 2.5–7 cm (0.98–2.76 in) long. The upper surface of the leaf is somewhat glabrous, while the lower surface of the leaf is hairy.
The inflorescence occurs in 1.6–4 cm (0.63–1.57 in) wide clusters. The flowers are usually a pale blue or lavender color, and rarely a pale rose color. The upper lip of the flower is 2-lobed. The style and stamens are slightly exserted. The fruit produced by the black sage is a schizocarp composed of four 2–3 mm (0.079–0.118 in) brown nutlets.

## Ecology

Californian black sage grows in the coastal sage scrub and lower chaparral plant communities. It occurs from sea level to 1,200 m (3,900 ft) elevation. Black sage is able to grow on a variety of different soils, including sandstone, shale, granite, serpentinite, and gabbro or basalt. It is semi-deciduous, depending on the location and severity of drought, shallow rooted, and drought tolerant by leaf curling rather than drought-avoiding through leaf drop.
Black sage readily hybridizes with three other coastal scrub Salvias: Salvia apiana (Californian white sage), Salvia leucophylla (San Luis purple sage), and Salvia clevelandii. It rarely hybridizes with the annuals Salvia columbariae and Salvia carduacea.

## Traditional use

The Chumash people used a strong sun tea of the leaves and stems of the plant. This was rubbed on the painful area or used to soak one's feet. The plant contains diterpenoids, such as aethiopinone and ursolic acid, that are pain relievers.
Californian black sage also produces a nectar that black sage honey is made from. This honey is typically peppery and strong, and is prized as a rare honey due to the plant's dry climate. Black sage honey can only be made when specific rain conditions are met and the plant produces enough nectar.
# Bechi

Bechi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Gino Bechi (1913–1993), Italian operatic baritone
* Luigi Bechi (1830–1919), Italian painter
* Luca Bechi [Wikidata] (born 1970), Italian basketball coach