OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Isha Khan Choudhury

Isha Khan Choudhury (born 22 May 1971) is an Indian politician from the state of West Bengal and a Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha representing Maldaha Dakshin constituency. He represented the Sujapur constituency in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly as a candidate of the Indian National Congress party. He comes from a political family with his father and uncle being former cabinet ministers in the central government.

## Personal life

Khan Choudhury spent the early years of his life in Canada. His Bengali Muslim father is Abu Hasem Khan Choudhury. He has two uncles, A.B.A. Ghani Khan Choudhury and Abu Nasar Khan Choudhury. His cousin Mausam Noor (daughter of Ghani Khan Choudhury's sister) is a Member of Indian Parliament. All of them are members of the Indian National Congress except Mausam Noor and Abu Nasar who defected to the Trinamool Congress party. The Khan Choudhury brothers are former cabinet ministers in the central government.

## Political career

In the 2011 West Bengal Assembly election, Khan Choudhury emerged victorious from the Baishnabnagar constituency as a candidate of the Indian National Congress party. In the election, he defeated candidate fielded by the Communist Party of India (Marxist). In the 2016 West Bengal Assembly election, he contested from the Sujapur constituency. He said that he took this decision "on the direction of the party high command". He was pitted against his own uncle Abu Nasar who switched to the Trinamool Congress party. During his election campaign he said that his uncle did not work for the benefit of the citizens and hence claimed that they were therefore supporting the Congress party. In the election, he defeated his uncle after he secured 97 thousand votes compared to his uncle's 50 thousand votes.
# April Carson

April Perry Carson is an American epidemiologist. She is an associate professor of epidemiology and associate dean for diversity, equity, and inclusion at the University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health. Carson is director of the Jackson Heart Study.

## Education

Carson completed a B.S. in microbiology at University of Georgia. She earned a M.S.P.H. and Ph.D. in epidemiology at the UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health. Carson was a postdoctoral researcher in cardiovascular disease epidemiology at UNC. Her 2005 dissertation was titled Individual and neighborhood socioeconomic status across the life course and subclinical atherosclerosis. Carson's doctoral advisor was Gerardo Heiss [Wikidata].

## Career

Carson was an associate professor of epidemiology and associate dean for diversity, equity, and inclusion at the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) School of Public Health. On September 20, 2021, she succeeded Adolfo Correa as director of the Jackson Heart Study (JHS). JHS is the United States' largest and longest-running longitudinal study of cardiovascular health in African Americans.
Carson has a history of studying the disproportionate effects of disease in African Americans. As an epidemiologist at UAB, she has worked to identify and address the root causes of disparities associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease. She participates in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, which looks at the factors that contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease over adulthood in African Americans and non-Hispanic white Americans. Carson served as a member of the study’s Publications and Presentations Committee and Laboratory Committee. She also served as chair of its New Investigators’ Committee, where she guided study operations, provided scientific expertise, and played a pivotal role in integrating early career scientists into the study.
# Staude

Staude is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Christoph Staude (born 1965), German composer
* Keanu Staude (born 1997), German footballer
* Otto Staude [Wikidata] (1857–1928), German mathematician
# Ornithine

Ornithine is a non-proteinogenic α-amino acid that plays a role in the urea cycle. Ornithine is abnormally accumulated in the body in ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency. The radical is ornithyl.

## Role in urea cycle

L-Ornithine is one of the products of the action of the enzyme arginase on L-arginine, creating urea. Therefore, ornithine is a central part of the urea cycle, which allows for the disposal of excess nitrogen. Ornithine is recycled and, in a manner, is a catalyst. First, ammonia is converted into carbamoyl phosphate (H $_2$NC(O)OPO$^{2−}$ $_3$) by carbamoyl phosphate synthetase. Ornithine transcarbamylase catalyzes the reaction between carbamoyl phosphate and ornithine to form citrulline and phosphate (P$_i$). Another amino group is added from aspartate, producing arginine and denitrogenated fumarate. The resulting arginine (a guanidinium compound) is hydrolysed back to ornithine, producing urea. The amino groups of urea come from the ammonia and aspartate, and the nitrogen in ornithine remains intact.
Ornithine is not an amino acid coded for by DNA, that is, not proteinogenic. However, in mammalian non-hepatic tissues, the main use of the urea cycle is in arginine biosynthesis, so, as an intermediate in metabolic processes, ornithine is quite important.

## Other reactions

Ornithine, via the action of ornithine decarboxylase (E.C. 4.1.1.17), is the starting point for the synthesis of polyamines such as putrescine.
In bacteria, such as E. coli, ornithine can be synthesized from L-glutamate.

## Research
### Exercise fatigue

L-Ornithine supplementation attenuated fatigue in subjects in a placebo-controlled study using a cycle ergometer. The results suggested that L-ornithine has an antifatigue effect in increasing the efficiency of energy consumption and promoting the excretion of ammonia.

### Weightlifting supplement

Amino acid supplements, including L-ornithine, are frequently marketed to bodybuilders and weightlifters with claims for increasing levels of human growth hormone (HGH), muscle mass, and strength. A 1993 short 4-day clinical study reported that L-ornithine in combination with L-arginine and L-lysine at 2 g/d each did not increase HGH. A review from 2002 on the topic concluded "The use of specific amino acids to stimulate GH release by athletes is not recommended."

### Cirrhosis

L-Ornithine L-aspartate (LOLA), a stable salt of ornithine and aspartic acid, has been used in the treatment of cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy.
# Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Crimea

The Declaration of Independence of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol was a joint resolution adopted on March 11, 2014 by the Supreme Council of Crimea and the Sevastopol City Council that proclaimed the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol a sovereign state — the Republic of Crimea. The decision was taken after unmarked Russian soldiers ("little green men") invaded Ukraine and seized the Crimean parliament.
The declaration of independence and subsequent referendum were not internationally recognised by most countries.
According to the Declaration, the newly formed state has the right to apply to Russia for the inclusion of the territory in the federation as a separate subject.
In Ukraine's constitution, the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol are recognised as integral parts of Ukraine, and changes to the territory of Ukraine is possible only after the relevant result of an All-Ukrainian referendum.

## International reaction

Russia recognised the Republic of Crimea's declaration of independence, and following a referendum in the territory which was condemned as "illegal" by the European Union and countries such as the United States, annexed the Republic into the Russian Federation. US President Barack Obama said that Russian actions were a violation of Ukrainian sovereignty and that the referendum would "violate the Ukrainian constitution and international law". On 27 March 2014, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the "Territorial Integrity of Ukraine" Resolution, which recognised Crimea as part of Ukraine.
The genuine nature of the declaration has been called into doubt with one scholar calling it a "fig-leaf" to disguise the fact that it was a transfer of territory from Ukraine to Russia.
# Muhammad Umar (born 1898)

Muhammad Umar (Pashto/Dari: محمد عمر; 1898-1964) was an Afghan politician who served as minister of defense from 1948 to 1952. He also served a number of other offices.

## Early life

Umar was born in 1898 to the Yusufzai tribe of the Abu Ahmad family.

## Career

Umar rose to the rank of Major General (Firqa Mishar) and served as Deputy Chief of Staff in 1924. In December of the same year, he was invited by the Commander-in-Chief in India to observe military maneuvers in Delhi.
In October 1926, he was appointed Head of the Afghan Military Mission to Russia, tasked with selecting artillery for the Afghan army and studying Soviet military techniques. He departed from Kabul by air on 3 November 1926, traveling via Termez to Moscow. In 1928, he visited both Russia and Italy. At one point, he held the position of Military Attaché in Berlin.
Muhammad Umar later became Chief of the Afghan General Staff. In 1932, he traveled to Europe to attend the Disarmament Conference in Geneva and visited Paris in December 1933 before returning to Kabul via India in January 1934. He resumed his role as Chief of Staff but returned to Geneva in May 1934. In June 1935, he represented Afghanistan on the League of Nations Disarmament Committee. Reports suggest he was recalled to Kabul in 1936, where he continued as Chief of Staff and later became Head of the Royal Secretariat.
From 1948 to 1952, he served as Minister of Defense in Shah Mahmud's government. He then took on diplomatic roles, serving as Ambassador to Paris (1949–1955), Tehran (1955–1957), and Delhi (1958–1964).

## Death

After a long career in both military and diplomatic service, he retired and passed away in Kabul in March 1964.
# Lana Bagen

Lana Bagen (born 9 July 1996) is a British figure skater. She was the 2013 British Junior Champion and 2011 British Novice Champion.

## Career

Lana began skating at the age of 8 at Olympia Skating Club in East Kilbride. In 2008, she was selected for the Great Britain Development Team. She has held the Scottish national title 6 times at various levels.

### 2009–10 Season

Lana won the silver medal in the novice category at the British Championships.

### 2010–11 Season

Lana won the gold medal in the British Novice Championships.

### 2011–12 Season

During the summer of 2011, Lana trained under renowned coach Michael Huth, the coach of world champion, Carolina Kostner. Lana did not medal on a national level that season, but she competed internationally, winning the Barcelona open, in Barcelona, Spain, competing in Skate Copenhagen 2012 and winning 4 silver medals at various events including ones in Sweden and Slovakia. She was selected to compete in the ISU Junior Grand Prix that season, being held in Austria. in 2011. Lana was shortlisted for the Sunday Mail's Young Sportsperson of the Year award.

### 2012–13 Season

Lana won the gold medal in the British Junior Championships, qualifying her for international competition. She placed 6th Junior in the 2013 Santa Claus Cup and competed in her second Junior Grand Prix, gaining personal best scores at ISU JGP Czech Skate 2013. In May 2013, she skated in the ice show Professionals on Ice on their four dates in Edinburgh.

### 2013–14 Season

Lana again competed on the international circuit, finishing 3rd in the New Year Cup in Bratislava, 12th in the 2014 Lombardia Trophy, 7th in the Tirnava Edea Ice Cup, 4th in the Mentor Nestle Turon Cup, 12th in the Junior International Challenge cup in The Hague and 10th in the 2014 Santa Claus Cup.

### 2014–15 Season

Lana earned her way back on to the podium at the British Junior National Championships with a bronze medal finish. She then competed in the 2015 Sportland Trophy in Budapest, finishing 10th.

### 2015–16 Season

Lana earned a silver medal at the British Championships at Junior level.

## Programs

| Season | Short program | Free skating |
| 2014–2015 | Send in the Clowns | Immortal by Lindsey Stirling |
# Isarapong Noonpakdee

Isarapong Noonpakdee (20 November 1933 – 17 February 2017) (Thai: อิสระพงศ์ หนุนภักดี) was a Thai military officer who was Commander of the Royal Thai Army in 1992.

## Careers

Isarapong played a key role in the coup against the government of then Prime Minister Chatichai Choonhavan when he was deputy Army commander-in-chief. He became the secretary-general of the National Peacekeeping Council (NPKC) or the coup maker. Isarapong became the interior minister in the post-coup government of Anand Panyarachun. He later succeeded Suchinda Kraprayoon as Commander in Chief of the Royal Thai Army when Suchinda became the prime minister.
He has received the Bravery Medal in 1991.

## Honour

* 1989 - Knight Grand Cordon of the Most Exalted Order of the White Elephant
* 1987 - Knight Grand Cordon of the Most Noble Order of the Crown of Thailand
* 1992 - Knight Commander of the Most Illustrious Order of Chula Chom Klao
* 1990 - Companion of the Order of Rama
* 1990 - Bravery Medal
* 1961 - Victory Medal - Korean War
* 1973 - Victory Medal - Vietnam War with flames
* 1987 - Freemen Safeguarding Medal (First Class)
* 2019 - Border Service Medal
* 1964 - Chakra Mala Medal
* 1991 - Boy Scout Citation Medal of Vajira (First Class)
* 1991 - King Bhumibol Adulyadej Royal Cypher Medal (1st class)

### Foreign honour

* South Vietnam :
** Armed Forces Honor Medal, First Class (1970)
** Vietnam Campaign Medal (1970)
* USA :
** Bronze Star Medal With "V" device (1970)
** Army Commendation Medal (1970)
* Japan :
** Grand Cordon of the Order of the Sacred Treasure (1992)
* UN :
** United Nations Korea Medal
# List of marine molluscs of Sri Lanka

The marine molluscs of Sri Lanka are a part of the molluscan wildlife of Sri Lanka.

## Land Snails

Phylum: Mollusca
According to 2006 survey by De Silva, there are 240 marine snails species identified, which belong to four classes out of seven in the world.
Endemic species are highlighted with an asterisk (*).

## Class: Gastropoda
### Family: Amathinidae

* Amathina tricarinata

### Family: Psammobiidae

* Asaphis deflorata

### Family: Buccinidae

* Pollia undosa

### Family: Muricidae

* Chicoreus brunneus

### Family: Conidae

* Conus figulinus

### Family: Dentaliidae

* Dentalium

### Family: Ficidae

* Ficus

### Family: Ampullinidae

* Globularia fluctuata

### Family: Mesodesmatidae

* Mesodesma glabratum

### Family: Buccinidae

* Phalium decussatum

### Family: Tellinidae

* Pharaonella

### Family: Terebridae

* Duplicaria raphanula
* Terebra commaculata
* Terebra

### Family: Tonnidae

* Tonna luteostoma

### Family: Cardiidae

* Vasticardium assimile
* Vasticardium rubicundum
* Maoricardium pseudolatum

### Family: Mytilidae

* Perna virdis

### Family: Chamidae

* Chama brassica

### Family: Pectinidae

* Chlamys

### Family: Cypraeidae

* Cypraea

### Family: Trochidae

* Trochus radiatus

### Family

* Antigona lamellaris

### Family: Muricidae

* Thais rudolpi

### Family: Nacellidae

* Cellana radiata

### Family: Mytilidae

* Mytilus crassitestatus

### Family: Veneridae

* Dosinia
* Pitar hebracea
* Pitar sulfureum
* Sunetta

### Family

* Afrocardium latum

### Family: Mactridae

* Mactra turgida

### Family: Cardiidae

* Cerastoderma glaucum

### Family

* Lactona incarnata

## Class: Polyplacophora

* Chiton
# Daisy Turner

Daisy Turner (June 21, 1883 – February 8, 1988) was an American storyteller and poet. Born in Grafton, Vermont, to former slaves, she became famous late in life for her oral recordings of her family's history, which can be traced back to Africa and England.

## Biography

Daisy Turner's enslaved father, Alexander Turner, escaped from his plantation at the start of the Civil War, and joined the 1st New Jersey Cavalry of the Union Army. In the spring of 1863, Turner guided his regiment to his old plantation in Port Royal, Virginia, where he killed his former overseer. After military service, he returned to New England where he worked as a logger. He and his wife Sally had a homestead in Grafton, Vermont, where they raised 16 children.
Daisy Turner was proud of her heritage, and was a strong, outspoken woman from childhood to her death at the age of 104. She is remembered as a gifted storyteller and family historian. The Turner family homestead, where they raised 13 children, is located on the "Daisy Turner Loop", a biking trail near Grafton Pond.
Turner was a "striking beauty in her youth, with high cheekbones and deep-set eyes" and led an exciting life, many of the details of which have been recorded carefully. Daisy can be seen reciting Civil War poetry, aged 104, in Ken Burns' PBS documentary, The Civil War. One of Turner's favorite personal stories, which she recounted often, involved a school pageant when Turner was about eight years old. In the pageant, Turner's teacher had instructed Turner to recite a poem with a black doll, but at the last minute, Turner resisted and spontaneously made up her own poem. This story became the subject of a children's book by Michael Medearis and Angela Shelf Medearis, and receives scholarly attention in Racial Innocence: Performing American Childhood from Slavery to Civil Rights, by Robin Bernstein. Daisy Turner's story continues to attract wide attention as part of an effort to preserve the folk history of Vermont and the United States.
# Saka Haphong

Saka Haphong (Bengali: সাকা হাফং, Burmese: ဆကးအဖောင် တောင်) is a peak in Southeast Asia and South Asia. It is located on the Bangladesh–Myanmar border and is believed to be the highest peak of Bangladesh.
# Paul Paddick

Paul Andrew Paddick (born 16 February 1967) is an Australian singer and actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Captain Feathersword, "the friendly pirate", a character associated with the children's band the Wiggles, where he eventually came to be known as "the fifth Wiggle".

## Early life and education

Paddick earned a Bachelor of Music from the University of Adelaide, studying classical opera for three years.
He also studied drama at the Western Australian Academy of Performing Arts (WAAPA), at the same time as Hugh Jackman. He has stated that even during his training as a performer, he "much preferred to be the comic second than the actual lead because it was much more fun and a lot less pressure. You got to get all the laughs and subtly steal part of the show".
Paddick joined the Victoria State Opera's touring group of West Side Story where he played Diesel from 1992–94. He also played the Robber King in Don Quixote.

## The Wiggles

Paddick met Anthony Field, a founding member of the Wiggles, in 1993. By that time, Paddick had appeared in over fifteen major productions, including Victorian State Opera's Don Quixote and a two-year tour of West Side Story. Field needed a hernia operation, so he asked Paddick to temporarily take over for him; for that tour, he not only stepped in for Field as the Blue Wiggle, Wags the Dog, and Captain Feathersword, he also played Dorothy the Dinosaur, who was performed by Murray Cook, the Red Wiggle. A job that was supposed to end in five weeks resulted in Paddick touring and appearing with the Wiggles full-time since late 1995. He also appears in all of their Australian-produced television programs. Paddick has become so closely associated with the band that he is sometimes referred to as the "Fifth Wiggle," a name also given to Phillip Wilcher. He also voices Henry the Octopus in tandem with Jeff Fatt, the original purple Wiggle.
Paddick serves as "the adult relief" in The Wiggles' concerts; his vocal impersonations of singers such as Mick Jagger, Cher, Plácido Domingo, and James Hetfield, have been called "the high point of The Wiggles stage show". Field states that Paddick is "as funny offstage as on".

## Personal life

Paddick married dancer Charmaine Martin in 2004. Martin was a part of the Wiggles touring company; she played Pirate Charlie, Henry the Octopus, Wags the Dog, and Dorothy the Dinosaur. They have two children. Paddick's nickname is "Paddy".
# Topik (TV program)

Topik (Topic) is a flagship television newscast broadcast on the Indonesian TV network ANTV. Its slogan is "Lebih Cepat, Lebih Dalam, Lebih Lengkap" ("Faster, Deeper, More Complete").

## History

Previously, antv had some flagship news program:
* Laporan ANteve (ANteve Reports), airs on 1 March 1993 – 15 October 1995.
* Cakrawala Sore (Afternoon Horizon), airs on 16 October 1995 – April 29, 2006 as the evening news program. Later, the name is used to the newsmagazine program.
* Jurnal ANTV (ANTV Journal), airs on 4 August 2003 – 29 April 2006.
As the 20% stake of the network bought by STAR TV (part of News Corporation) in October 2005, on 1 May 2006 after the transition, the newscasts were renamed to Topik.

## Showtimes list
### Topik Terkini

* Everyday, Two Times A Day

### Topik Breaking News

* Everyday, Rarely

## Programs

As of April 2018 until January 2023, currently ANTV broadcasts only one newscast, Topik Terkini a news update program which is aired every several hours.
In some cases, such as during Indonesian Super League or Indonesian Second Division broadcasts, Topik Petang broadcasts as Topik Petang Update, covering summary of national news on 5:30 p.m. in 5 minutes.
Topik Pagi and Topik Siang were antv's regular news programs; during weekends the programs covers light news, such as lifestyle and travelling, with "Weekend" added to the show's name.
Previously, it had a news talk program called Topik Kita (Our Topic). Later, the program changed its format to the newsmagazine program, and then replaced with a late-afternoon news program named Cakrawala, using the name of their previous news programming.
On 15 October 2013, Topik Petang was ended, followed by Topik Siang in November 2014, and Topik Malam on 5 February 2017. By November 2017, only Topik Pagi and Topik Terkini remained as their news programs under the Topik banner. ANTV would briefly air another nightly news program called Selamat Malam Indonesia between 2 November 2015 to 30 July 2017, before it moved timeslots that turned it into Selamat Pagi Nusantara.
On 31 December 2017, after running for 11 years, ANTV cancelled their morning newscasts, Topik Pagi and Selamat Pagi Nusantara. This marked the end of most ANTV newscasts as it turned into its genre to an entertainment television station. Topik Terkini and Selamat Pagi Nusantara returned on 15 January 2018, with the latter ending broadcast on 14 April 2018, leaving the short news program Topik Terkini as their sole news programming until its cessation on late December 2024.