# 1856–57 United States House of Representatives elections

The 1856–57 United States House of Representatives elections were held on various dates in various states between August 4, 1856, and November 4, 1857. Each state set its own date for its elections to the House of Representatives. 236 representatives were elected in 31 states and the pending new state of Minnesota before the first session of the 35th United States Congress convened on December 7, 1857.
The elections briefly returned a semblance of normalcy to the Democratic Party, restoring its House majority alongside the election of Democratic President James Buchanan. However, superficial victory masked severe, ultimately irretrievable divisions over slavery. Voters next would return a Democratic House majority only in 1874.
Party realignments continued. In 1856, the Whig Party disbanded, the Know Nothing movement declined, and its vehicle, the American Party, began to collapse. Many Northern Whig, American, and other Opposition Party Representatives joined the new, rapidly consolidating Republican Party, which contested the Presidency in 1856. Though the Republican Party did not yet demand abolition, its attitude toward slavery was stridently negative. It was an openly sectional Northern party which opposed fugitive slave laws and slavery in the territories. For the first time, the party offered a mainstream platform to outspoken abolitionists.
In March 1857, after almost all Northern states had voted, the Supreme Court issued its infamous Dred Scott decision, amplifying tensions and hardening voter divisions. Remaining elections were concentrated in the South. Southern voters widely drove the American Party from office, rallying to the Democrats in firm opposition to the Republicans.
In October 1857, the pending new state of Minnesota elected its first Representatives, to be seated by the 35th Congress. Between the admissions of Vermont in 1791 and Wisconsin in 1848, Congress had admitted new states roughly in pairs: one slave, one free. California was admitted alone as a free state in 1850 only as part of a comprehensive compromise including significant concessions to slave state interests. Admission of Minnesota in May 1858, also alone but with no such deal, helped expose the declining influence of the South, destroying the formerly binding concept that slave and free state power was best kept in balance even in the Senate while solidifying a sense that the West would exclude slavery.

## Election summaries

Two seats were added for the new state of Minnesota, which was unrepresented for part of the 1st session.
| 133 | 14 | 90 |
| Democratic | KN | Republican |
| State | Type | Date | Total seats | Democratic | Democratic | Know Nothing | Know Nothing | Republican | Republican |
| State | Type | Date | Total seats | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change |
| Arkansas | District | August 4, 1856 | 2 | 2 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| Iowa | District | August 4, 1856 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 2 | 1 |
| Missouri | District | August 4, 1856 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 6 |
| Vermont | District | September 2, 1856 | 3 | 0 | | 0 | | 3 | |
| Maine | District | September 8, 1856 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 6 | 1 |
| Florida | At-large | October 6, 1856 | 1 | 1 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| South Carolina | District | October 13–14, 1856 | 6 | 6 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| Indiana | District | October 14, 1856 | 11 | 6 | 4 | 0 | | 5 | 4 |
| Ohio | District | October 14, 1856 | 21 | 9 | 9 | 0 | | 12 | 9 |
| Pennsylvania | District | October 14, 1856 | 25 | 15 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 7 |
| California | At-large | November 4, 1856 (Election Day) | 2 | 2 | | 0 | | 0 | |
| Delaware | At-large | November 4, 1856 (Election Day) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Illinois | District | November 4, 1856 (Election Day) | 9 | 5 | | 0 | | 4 | |
| Massachusetts | District | November 4, 1856 (Election Day) | 11 | 0 | | 0 | 11 | 11 | 11 |
| Michigan | District | November 4, 1856 (Election Day) | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 4 | 1 |
| New Jersey | District | November 4, 1856 (Election Day) | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | | 2 | 2 |
| New York | District | November 4, 1856 (Election Day) | 33 | 12 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 21 | 4 |
| Wisconsin | District | November 4, 1856 (Election Day) | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 3 | 1 |
| New Hampshire | District | March 10, 1857 | 3 | 0 | | 0 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| Rhode Island | District | April 1, 1857 | 2 | 0 | | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Connecticut | District | April 6, 1857 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 2 |
| Virginia | District | May 28, 1857 | 13 | 13 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Alabama | District | August 3, 1857 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | |
| Kentucky | District | August 3, 1857 | 10 | 8 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 0 | |
| Texas | District | August 3, 1857 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| North Carolina | District | August 6, 1857 | 8 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | |
| Tennessee | District | August 6, 1857 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 0 | |
| Georgia | District | October 5, 1857 | 8 | 6 | | 2 | | 0 | |
| Mississippi | District | October 5–6, 1857 | 5 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | |
| Minnesota | At-large | October 13, 1857 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | | 0 | |
| Louisiana | District | November 3, 1857 | 4 | 3 | | 1 | | 0 | |
| Maryland | District | November 4, 1857 | 6 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | |
| Total | Total | Total | 236 | 133 56.1% | 50 | 14 5.9% | 37 | 90 38.0% | 10 |
Popular vote
Democratic
46.85%
Republican
36.98%
Know Nothing
15.21%
Independent
0.89%
Others
0.07% :
House seats
Democratic
55.70%
Republican
37.97%
Know Nothing
5.91%
Independent
0.42% :

## Special elections

There were a total of thirteen special elections in 1856 and 1857 during the 34th and 35th Congresses.

### 34th Congress

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member / Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| South Carolina 3 | Laurence M. Keitt | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent resigned July 15, 1856, following the caning of Charles Sumner. Incumbent re-elected July 29, 1856. | ▌Y Laurence M. Keitt (Democratic) 100.0% |
| South Carolina 4 | Preston Brooks | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent resigned July 15, 1856, following the caning of Charles Sumner. Incumbent re-elected July 29, 1856. | ▌Y Preston Brooks (Democratic) 100.0% |
| Missouri 5 | John Gaines Miller | Whig | 1850 | Incumbent died May 11, 1856. New member elected August 4, 1856. Know Nothing gain. Winner was not a candidate for the full term; see below. | ▌Y Thomas P. Akers (Know Nothing) 55.8% ▌Claiborne Fox Jackson (Democratic) 44.2% |
| Illinois 5 | William Alexander Richardson | Democratic | 1847 (special) | Incumbent resigned August 25, 1856, to run for governor of Illinois. New member elected November 4, 1856. Winner was not a candidate for the full term; see below. | ▌Y Jacob C. Davis (Democratic) 52.6% ▌Thomas C. Sharp (Republican) 35.2% ▌James B. Kyle (Unknown) 12.2% |
| Illinois 7 | James C. Allen | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent resigned July 18, 1856, amid election challenge. Incumbent re-elected November 4, 1856. Winner was not a candidate for the full term; see below. | ▌Y James C. Allen (Democratic) 56.3% ▌William Beatty Archer (Whig) 43.7% |
| Illinois 8 | Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | Rep.-elect Lyman Trumbull (D) was later elected U.S. senator and took office March 4, 1855. New member elected November 4, 1856. Democratic hold. Winner was not a candidate for the full term; see below. | ▌Y James L. D. Morrison (Democratic) 56.0% ▌John Thomas (Republican) 42.9% ▌William H. Short (Unknown) 1.2% |
| Virginia 1 | Thomas H. Bayly | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent died June 23, 1856. New member elected November 4, 1856. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Muscoe R. H. Garnett (Democratic) 51.6% ▌Robert Saunders Jr. (Know Nothing) 48.4% |
| Kansas Territory at-large | John Wilkins Whitfield | Democratic | 1854 | Seat declared vacant August 1, 1856. Incumbent re-elected November 5, 1856. | ▌Y John Wilkins Whitfield (Democratic) ▌Andrew Horatio Reeder (Republican) |
| Vermont 1 | James Meacham | Whig | 1849 (special) | Incumbent died August 23, 1856. New member elected December 1, 1856. Republican gain. | ▌Y George T. Hodges (Republican) 79.8% ▌Stoddard B. Colby (Democratic) 20.2% |

### 35th Congress

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Missouri 3 | Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | Rep.-elect James S. Green (D) was later elected U.S. senator and took office January 12, 1857. New member elected August 3, 1857. Democratic hold. | ▌Y John Bullock Clark (Democratic) 58.7% ▌Joseph M. Collins (Know Nothing) 41.3% |
| Indiana 1 | James Lockhart | Democratic | 1851 1852 (retired) 1856 | Incumbent died September 7, 1857. New member elected October 7, 1857. Democratic hold. | ▌Y William E. Niblack (Democratic) 99.5% |
| Indiana 10 | Samuel Brenton | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent died March 29, 1857. New member elected October 7, 1857. Republican hold. | ▌Y Charles Case (Republican) 52.3% ▌James Worden (Democratic) 47.7% |
| Pennsylvania 12 | John Gallagher Montgomery | Democratic | 1856 | Incumbent died April 24, 1857. New member elected October 13, 1857. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Paul Leidy (Democratic) 61.0% ▌Smith Thompson (Republican) 39.0% |

## Alabama

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Alabama 1 | Percy Walker | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y James A. Stallworth (Democratic) 62.0% ▌John McCaskill (Know Nothing) 38.0% |
| Alabama 2 | Eli S. Shorter | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Eli S. Shorter (Democratic) 62.4% ▌Batt Peterson (Know Nothing) 37.6% |
| Alabama 3 | James F. Dowdell | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y James F. Dowdell (Democratic) 50.3% ▌Thomas J. Judge (Know Nothing) 49.7% |
| Alabama 4 | William Russell Smith | Know Nothing | 1851 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Sydenham Moore (Democratic) 56.5% ▌William Russell Smith (Know Nothing) 43.5% |
| Alabama 5 | George S. Houston | Democratic | 1841 1849 (retired) 1851 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y George S. Houston (Democratic) 55.1% ▌David Hubbard (Democratic) 44.9% |
| Alabama 6 | Williamson R. W. Cobb | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Williamson R. W. Cobb (Democratic) 62.4% ▌Henry Sanford (Democratic) 37.6% |
| Alabama 7 | Sampson Willis Harris | Democratic | 1847 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Jabez L. M. Curry (Democratic) 98.5% |

## Arkansas

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Arkansas 1 | Alfred B. Greenwood | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Alfred B. Greenwood (Democratic) 71.4% ▌Hugh Thomason (Know Nothing) 28.6% |
| Arkansas 2 | Albert Rust | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Edward A. Warren (Democratic) 57.6% ▌Absalom Fowler (Know Nothing) 42.4% |

## California

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| California at-large 2 seats on a general ticket | James W. Denver | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Charles L. Scott (Democratic) 29.9% ▌Y Joseph C. McKibbin (Democratic) 21.0% ▌A. B. Dibble (Know Nothing) 20.7% ▌Ira P. Rankin (Independent) 13.0% ▌J. N. Turner (Republican) 12.5% |
| California at-large 2 seats on a general ticket | Philemon T. Herbert | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent retired after manslaughter acquittal. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Charles L. Scott (Democratic) 29.9% ▌Y Joseph C. McKibbin (Democratic) 21.0% ▌A. B. Dibble (Know Nothing) 20.7% ▌Ira P. Rankin (Independent) 13.0% ▌J. N. Turner (Republican) 12.5% |

## Connecticut

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Connecticut 1 | Ezra Clark Jr. | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Ezra Clark Jr. (Republican) 50.8% ▌Richard D. Hubbard (Democratic) 48.8% |
| Connecticut 2 | John Woodruff | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Samuel Arnold (Democratic) 51.3% ▌John Woodruff (Republican) 48.6% |
| Connecticut 3 | Sidney Dean | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Sidney Dean (Republican) 54.6% ▌James A. Hovey (Democratic) 45.4% |
| Connecticut 4 | William W. Welch | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y William D. Bishop (Democratic) 50.0% ▌Orris S. Ferry (Republican) 50.0% |

## Delaware

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Delaware at-large | Elisha D. Cullen | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. | ▌Y William G. Whiteley (Democratic) 56.0% ▌Elisha D. Cullen (Know Nothing) 44.0% |

## Florida

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Florida at-large | Augustus Maxwell | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y George S. Hawkins (Democratic) 53.1% ▌James McNair Baker (Know Nothing) 46.9% |

## Georgia

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Georgia 1 | James Lindsay Seward | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y James Lindsay Seward (Democratic) 51.2% ▌Francis S. Bartow (Know Nothing) 44.4% ▌C. S. Gaulden (Independent) 4.4% |
| Georgia 2 | Martin J. Crawford | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Martin J. Crawford (Democratic) 56.1% ▌Samuel C. Elam (Know Nothing) 43.9% |
| Georgia 3 | Robert Pleasant Trippe | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Robert Pleasant Trippe (Know Nothing) 51.7% ▌Jack Bailey (Democratic) 48.3% |
| Georgia 4 | Hiram B. Warner | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Lucius J. Gartrell (Democratic) 53.6% ▌M. M. Tidwell (Know Nothing) 46.4% |
| Georgia 5 | John H. Lumpkin | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Augustus R. Wright (Democratic) 61.2% ▌J. W. Hooper (Know Nothing) 36.1% ▌Tatum (Democratic) 2.7% |
| Georgia 6 | Howell Cobb | Democratic | 1842 1851 (retired) 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y James Jackson (Democratic) 56.5% ▌Simmons (Independent) 43.5% |
| Georgia 7 | Nathaniel Greene Foster | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing hold. | ▌Y Joshua Hill (Know Nothing) 51.5% ▌Linton Stephens (Democratic) 48.5% |
| Georgia 8 | Alexander H. Stephens | Democratic | 1843 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Alexander H. Stephens (Democratic) 57.1% ▌Thomas W. Miller (Know Nothing) 42.9% |

## Illinois

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Illinois 1 | Elihu B. Washburne | Republican | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Elihu B. Washburne (Republican) 73.9% ▌Richard S. Molony (Democratic) 25.0% ▌B. D. Eastman (Know Nothing) 1.0% |
| Illinois 2 | James Hutchinson Woodworth | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. | ▌Y John F. Farnsworth (Republican) 67.2% ▌John Vannortwick (Democratic) 30.6% ▌B. F. James (Know Nothing) 2.2% |
| Illinois 3 | Jesse O. Norton | Republican | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. | ▌Y Owen Lovejoy (Republican) 59.5% ▌Uri Osgood (Democratic) 40.5% |
| Illinois 4 | James Knox | Republican | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. | ▌Y William Kellogg (Republican) 51.1% ▌James W. Davidson (Democratic) 45.8% ▌Arthur H. Griffith (Know Nothing) 3.1% |
| Illinois 5 | Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | Rep. William A. Richardson (D) resigned August 25, 1856, to run for governor of Illinois. Democratic hold. Winner was not candidate for unexpired term; see above. | ▌Y Isaac N. Morris (Democratic) 53.7% ▌Jackson Grimshaw (Republican) 45.8% ▌James S. Irwin (Know Nothing) 0.5% |
| Illinois 6 | Thomas L. Harris | Democratic | 1848 1850 (lost) 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Thomas L. Harris (Democratic) 58.0% ▌John Williams (Republican) 42.0% |
| Illinois 7 | Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | Rep. James C. Allen (D) resigned July 18, 1856, amid election contest. Democratic hold. Winner was not candidate for unexpired term; see above. | ▌Y Aaron Shaw (Democratic) 56.8% ▌Henry P. H. Bromwell (Republican) 43.2% |
| Illinois 8 | Vacant | Vacant | Vacant | Rep.-elect Lyman Trumbull (D) was later elected U.S. senator and took office March 4, 1855. Democratic hold. Winner was not candidate for unexpired term; see above. | ▌Y Robert Smith (Democratic) 60.1% ▌James D. Lansing (Republican) 39.9% |
| Illinois 9 | Samuel S. Marshall | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Samuel S. Marshall (Democratic) 82.4% ▌Benjamin Ladd Wiley (Republican) 17.6% |

## Indiana

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Indiana 1 | Smith Miller | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y James Lockhart (Democratic) 61.5% ▌James G. Veach (Republican) 38.5% |
| Indiana 2 | William Hayden English | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William Hayden English (Democratic) 57.2% ▌John M. Wilson (Republican) 42.8% |
| Indiana 3 | George Grundy Dunn | People's | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y James Hughes (Democratic) 53.8% ▌John A. Hendricks (Republican) 46.2% |
| Indiana 4 | William Cumback | People's | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. Democratic gain. | ▌Y James Bradford Foley (Democratic) 53.7% ▌William Cumback (Republican) 46.3% |
| Indiana 5 | David P. Holloway | People's | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. | ▌Y David Kilgore (Republican) 60.8% ▌Edmund Johnson (Democratic) 39.2% |
| Indiana 6 | Lucien Barbour | People's | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y James M. Gregg (Democratic) 52.1% ▌John Coburn (Republican) 47.9% |
| Indiana 7 | Harvey D. Scott | People's | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y John G. Davis (Democratic) 53.9% ▌John Palmer Usher (Republican) 46.1% |
| Indiana 8 | Daniel Mace | People's | 1851 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. | ▌Y James Wilson (Republican) 50.5% ▌Daniel W. Voorhees (Democratic) 49.5% |
| Indiana 9 | Schuyler Colfax | People's | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Schuyler Colfax (Republican) 52.1% ▌William Z. Stewart (Democratic) 47.9% |
| Indiana 10 | Samuel Brenton | People's | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Samuel Brenton (Republican) 51.7% ▌Robert Lowry (Democratic) 48.3% |
| Indiana 11 | John U. Pettit | People's | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y John U. Pettit (Republican) 51.8% ▌William Garver (Democratic) 48.2% |

## Iowa

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Iowa 1 | Augustus Hall | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. | ▌Y Samuel Ryan Curtis (Republican) 50.2% ▌Augustus Hall (Democratic) 47.5% ▌John J. Selman (Know Nothing) 2.3% |
| Iowa 2 | James Thorington | Whig | 1854 | Incumbent lost renomination as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Timothy Davis (Republican) 58.0% ▌Shepherd Leffler (Democratic) 42.0% |

## Kansas Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.

## Kentucky

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Kentucky 1 | Henry Cornelius Burnett | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Henry Cornelius Burnett (Democratic) 75.3% ▌Owen Grimes (Know Nothing) 24.7% |
| Kentucky 2 | John P. Campbell Jr. | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent withdrew. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Samuel Peyton (Democratic) 53.9% ▌James Leeper Johnson (Know Nothing) 46.1% |
| Kentucky 3 | Warner Underwood | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Warner Underwood (Know Nothing) 50.8% ▌Joseph Horace Lewis (Democratic) 49.2% |
| Kentucky 4 | Albert G. Talbott | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Albert G. Talbott (Democratic) 50.6% ▌William Clayton Anderson (Know Nothing) 49.4% |
| Kentucky 5 | Joshua Jewett | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Joshua Jewett (Democratic) 59.6% ▌Bryan Young (Know Nothing) 40.4% |
| Kentucky 6 | John Milton Elliott | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John Milton Elliott (Democratic) 55.7% ▌John A. Moore (Know Nothing) 44.3% |
| Kentucky 7 | Humphrey Marshall | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Humphrey Marshall (Know Nothing) 55.0% ▌Thomas H. Holt (Democratic) 45.0% |
| Kentucky 8 | Alexander Keith Marshall | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y James Brown Clay (Democratic) 50.5% ▌Roger Hanson (Know Nothing) 49.5% |
| Kentucky 9 | Leander Cox | Know Nothing | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. | ▌Y John Calvin Mason (Democratic) 52.0% ▌Leander Cox (Know Nothing) 48.0% |
| Kentucky 10 | Samuel F. Swope | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y John W. Stevenson (Democratic) 67.6% ▌William L. Rankin (Know Nothing) 32.4% |

## Louisiana

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Louisiana 1 | George Eustis Jr. | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y George Eustis Jr. (Know Nothing) 60.4% ▌Charles J. Villiers (Democratic) 39.6% |
| Louisiana 2 | Miles Taylor | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Miles Taylor (Democratic) 50.3% ▌Glendy Burke (Know Nothing) 49.7% |
| Louisiana 3 | Thomas G. Davidson | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Thomas G. Davidson (Democratic) 43.0% ▌George W. Watterson (Know Nothing) 35.4% ▌Laurent J. Sigur (Independent) 21.6% |
| Louisiana 4 | John M. Sandidge | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John M. Sandidge (Democratic) 63.5% ▌W. H. Sparks (Know Nothing) 36.5% |

## Maine

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Maine 1 | John M. Wood | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John M. Wood (Republican) 53.4% ▌Josiah S. Little (Democratic) 46.6% |
| Maine 2 | John J. Perry | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. | ▌Y Charles J. Gilman (Republican) 57.3% ▌Eben F. Pillsbury (Democratic) 42.7% |
| Maine 3 | Ebenezer Knowlton | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. | ▌Y Nehemiah Abbott (Republican) 56.1% ▌Henry Ingalls (Democratic) 43.9% |
| Maine 4 | Samuel P. Benson | Republican | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. | ▌Y Samuel P. Benson (Republican) 65.1% ▌David Bronson (Democratic) 34.9% |
| Maine 5 | Israel Washburn Jr. | Republican | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Israel Washburn Jr. (Republican) 60.1% ▌Abraham Sanborn (Democratic) 39.9% |
| Maine 6 | Thomas J. D. Fuller | Democratic | 1848 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. | ▌Y Stephen Clark Foster (Republican) 52.9% ▌Amo Wiswell (Democratic) 47.1% |

## Maryland

Elections were held November 3-4, 1857.
| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Maryland 1 | James A. Stewart | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y James A. Stewart (Democratic) 50.70% ▌Teagle Townsend (Know Nothing) 49.30% |
| Maryland 2 | James B. Ricaud | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y James B. Ricaud (Know Nothing) 52.42% ▌Ramsey McHenry (Democratic) 47.58% |
| Maryland 3 | James Morrison Harris | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y James Morrison Harris (Know Nothing) 61.63% ▌ William Pinkney Whyte (Democratic) 38.37% |
| Maryland 4 | Henry Winter Davis | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Henry Winter Davis (Know Nothing) 72.55% ▌Henry P. Brooks (Democratic) 27.45% |
| Maryland 5 | Henry W. Hoffman | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Jacob M. Kunkel (Democratic) 50.51% ▌ Henry W. Hoffman (Know Nothing) 49.49% |
| Maryland 6 | Thomas F. Bowie | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Thomas F. Bowie (Democratic) 50.51% ▌William J. Blackstone (Know Nothing) 49.49% |

## Massachusetts

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Massachusetts 1 | Robert B. Hall | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Robert B. Hall (Republican) 69.73% ▌Moses Bates (Democratic) 16.14% ▌Daniel Fisher (American) 14.12% |
| Massachusetts 2 | James Buffinton | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y James Buffinton (Republican) 68.25% ▌Charles R. Vickery (Democratic) 20.58% ▌Darius Dunbar (American) 7.03% |
| Massachusetts 3 | William S. Damrell | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y William S. Damrell (Republican) 61.57% ▌Arthur W. Austin (Democratic) 29.96% ▌Alfred B. Ely (American) 8.47% |
| Massachusetts 4 | Linus B. Comins | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Linus B. Comins (Republican) 45.92% ▌Charles Greene (Democratic) 39.22% ▌Benjamin F. Cooke (American) 14.85% |
| Massachusetts 5 | Anson Burlingame | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Anson Burlingame (Republican) 50.26% ▌William Appleton (American) 49.74% |
| Massachusetts 6 | Timothy Davis | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Timothy Davis (Republican) 69.39% ▌Nathaniel J. Lord (Democratic) 22.21% ▌Benjamin Perley (American) 7.74% Scattering 0.66% |
| Massachusetts 7 | Nathaniel P. Banks | Know Nothing | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Nathaniel P. Banks (Republican) 61.95% ▌Isaac H. Wright (Democratic) 26.31% ▌Isaac Story (American) 11.74% |
| Massachusetts 8 | Chauncey L. Knapp | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Chauncey L. Knapp (Republican) 70.36% ▌Benjamin Butler (Democratic) 26.97% ▌Abiel Lewis (American) 2.66% |
| Massachusetts 9 | Alexander De Witt | Know Nothing | 1852 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. | ▌Y Eli Thayer (Republican) 53.69% ▌Alexander De Witt (American) 26.57% ▌Nathaniel Wood (Democratic) 17.98% ▌Alfred Mowrey (American) 1.76% |
| Massachusetts 10 | Calvin C. Chaffee | Know Nothing | 1855 (special) | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Calvin C. Chaffee (Republican) 72.66% ▌William C. Fowler (American) 27.34% |
| Massachusetts 11 | Mark Trafton | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. | ▌Y Henry L. Dawes (Republican) 43.85% ▌Mark Trafton (American) 27.41% ▌Josiah D. Weston (Democratic) 28.74% |

## Michigan

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Michigan 1 | William A. Howard | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William A. Howard (Republican) 51.6% ▌George V. N. Lothrop (Democratic) 48.4% |
| Michigan 2 | Henry Waldron | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Henry Waldron (Republican) 62.1% ▌John S. Barry (Democratic) 37.9% |
| Michigan 3 | David S. Walbridge | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y David S. Walbridge (Republican) 59.3% ▌Flavius Littlejohn (Democratic) 40.7% |
| Michigan 4 | George W. Peck | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election. Republican gain. | ▌Y Dewitt C. Leach (Republican) 55.7% ▌George W. Peck (Democratic) 44.3% |

## Minnesota

Minnesota Territory elected three members in advance of Minnesota's 1848 statehood. "Although three men won this election, which was held before Minnesota was actually a state, only two representatives from Minnesota were allowed in the congressional bill creating the state in 1858. George L. Becker lost in the drawing of lots to decide who would present their credentials, therefore he did not serve in Congress."
| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Minnesota at-large 2 seats on a general ticket | None (New seat) | None (New seat) | None (New seat) | New state would be admitted May 11, 1858. Democratic gain. | Elected on a general ticket: ▌Y William Wallace Phelps (Democratic) 17.3% ▌Y James M. Cavanaugh (Democratic) 17.2% ▌Y George Loomis Becker (Democratic) 17.1% ▌Henry Adoniram Swift (Republican) 16.2% ▌Cyrus Aldrich (Republican) 16.1% ▌Morton S. Wilkinson (Republican) 16.1% |
| Minnesota at-large 2 seats on a general ticket | None (New seat) | None (New seat) | None (New seat) | New state would be admitted May 11, 1858. Democratic gain. | Elected on a general ticket: ▌Y William Wallace Phelps (Democratic) 17.3% ▌Y James M. Cavanaugh (Democratic) 17.2% ▌Y George Loomis Becker (Democratic) 17.1% ▌Henry Adoniram Swift (Republican) 16.2% ▌Cyrus Aldrich (Republican) 16.1% ▌Morton S. Wilkinson (Republican) 16.1% |

## Mississippi

Elections held late, from October 5 to 6, 1857.
| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Mississippi 1 | Daniel B. Wright | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Lucius Q. C. Lamar (Democratic) 63.76% ▌James L. Alcorn (Know Nothing) 36.24% |
| Mississippi 2 | Hendley S. Bennett | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent lost renomination. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Reuben Davis (Democratic) 65.30% ▌Charles Clark (Know Nothing) 34.70% |
| Mississippi 3 | William Barksdale | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William Barksdale (Democratic) 98.21% Scattering 1.79% |
| Mississippi 4 | William A. Lake | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Otho R. Singleton (Democratic) 55.04% ▌William A. Lake (Know Nothing) 44.97% |
| Mississippi 5 | John A. Quitman | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John A. Quitman (Democratic) 98.47% Scattering 1.53% |

## Missouri

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Missouri 1 |
| Missouri 2 |
| Missouri 3 |
| Missouri 4 |
| Missouri 5 |
| Missouri 6 |
| Missouri 7 |

## Nebraska Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.

## New Hampshire

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| New Hampshire 1 | James Pike | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
| New Hampshire 2 | Mason Tappan | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |
| New Hampshire 3 | Aaron H. Cragin | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. |

## New Jersey

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| New Jersey 1 |
| New Jersey 2 |
| New Jersey 3 |
| New Jersey 4 |
| New Jersey 5 |

## New York

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| New York 1 |
| New York 2 |
| New York 3 |
| New York 4 |
| New York 5 |
| New York 6 |
| New York 7 |
| New York 8 |
| New York 9 |
| New York 10 |
| New York 11 |
| New York 12 |
| New York 13 |
| New York 14 |
| New York 15 |
| New York 16 |
| New York 17 |
| New York 18 |
| New York 19 |
| New York 20 |
| New York 21 |
| New York 22 |
| New York 23 |
| New York 24 |
| New York 25 |
| New York 26 |
| New York 27 |
| New York 28 |
| New York 29 |
| New York 30 |
| New York 31 |
| New York 32 |
| New York 33 |

## North Carolina

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| North Carolina 1 |
| North Carolina 2 |
| North Carolina 3 |
| North Carolina 4 |
| North Carolina 5 |
| North Carolina 6 |
| North Carolina 7 |
| North Carolina 8 |

## Ohio

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Ohio 1 |
| Ohio 2 |
| Ohio 3 |
| Ohio 4 |
| Ohio 5 |
| Ohio 6 |
| Ohio 7 |
| Ohio 8 |
| Ohio 9 |
| Ohio 10 |
| Ohio 11 |
| Ohio 12 |
| Ohio 13 |
| Ohio 14 |
| Ohio 15 |
| Ohio 16 |
| Ohio 17 |
| Ohio 18 |
| Ohio 19 |
| Ohio 20 |
| Ohio 21 |

## Oregon Territory

See non-voting delegates, below.

## Pennsylvania

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Pennsylvania 1 | Thomas B. Florence | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Thomas B. Florence (Democratic) 56.62% ▌Edward B. Knight (Republican) 43.38% |
| Pennsylvania 2 | Job R. Tyson | Whig | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. | ▌Y Edward Joy Morris (Republican) 51.58% ▌John A. Marshall (Democratic) 48.42% |
| Pennsylvania 3 | William Millward | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. Democratic gain. | ▌Y James Landy (Democratic) 54.02% ▌William Millward (Republican) 45.98% |
| Pennsylvania 4 | Jacob Broom | Know Nothing | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Henry M. Phillips (Democratic) 50.72% ▌Robert Faust (Know Nothing) 35.86% ▌William D. Kelley (Republican) 13.43% |
| Pennsylvania 5 | John Cadwalader | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Owen Jones (Democratic) 54.86% ▌Daniel H. Mulvany (Whig) 45.14% |
| Pennsylvania 6 | John Hickman | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John Hickman (Democratic) 48.91% ▌John S. Bowen (Republican) 47.85% ▌John Larkin Jr. (Know Nothing) 3.24% |
| Pennsylvania 7 | Samuel C. Bradshaw | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Henry Chapman (Democratic) 54.01% ▌Samuel C. Bradshaw (Republican) 45.99% |
| Pennsylvania 8 | J. Glancy Jones | Democratic | 1850 1852 (retired) 1854 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y J. Glancy Jones (Democratic) 71.60% ▌David Yoder (Republican) 28.40% |
| Pennsylvania 9 | Anthony E. Roberts | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Anthony E. Roberts (Republican) 54.59% ▌Isaac E. Heister (Democratic) 45.41% |
| Pennsylvania 10 | John C. Kunkel | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y John C. Kunkel (Republican) 55.63% ▌Henry C. Eyer (Democratic) 44.37% |
| Pennsylvania 11 | James H. Campbell | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. Democratic gain. | ▌Y William L. Dewart (Democratic) 58.26% ▌James H. Campbell (Republican) 41.74% |
| Pennsylvania 12 | Henry M. Fuller | Opposition | 1850 1852 (lost) 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y John G. Montgomery (Democratic) 57.69% ▌Elhanan Smith (Republican) 42.31% |
| Pennsylvania 13 | Asa Packer | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y William H. Dimmick (Democratic) 68.93% ▌Samuel E. Demmick (Republican) 31.07% |
| Pennsylvania 14 | Galusha A. Grow | Democratic | 1850 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Galusha A. Grow (Republican) 71.31% ▌Daniel L. Sherwood (Democratic) 28.69% |
| Pennsylvania 15 | John J. Pearce | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Allison White (Democratic) 51.36% ▌William H. Irvin (Republican) 48.64% |
| Pennsylvania 16 | Lemuel Todd | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. Democratic gain. | ▌Y John A. Ahl (Democratic) 53.75% ▌Lemuel Todd (Republican) 46.25% |
| Pennsylvania 17 | David F. Robison | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Wilson Reilly (Democratic) 51.28% ▌Joseph Pumroy (Republican) 48.72% |
| Pennsylvania 18 | John R. Edie | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y John R. Edie (Republican) 50.91% ▌Cyrus L. Pershing (Democratic) 49.09% |
| Pennsylvania 19 | John Covode | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y John Covode (Union) 54.40% ▌Alexander McKinney (Democratic) 45.60% |
| Pennsylvania 20 | Jonathan Knight | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election as a Republican. Democratic gain. | ▌Y William Montgomery (Democratic) 52.15% ▌Jonathan Knight (Republican) 47.85% |
| Pennsylvania 21 | David Ritchie | Opposition | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y David Ritchie (Republican) 54.45% ▌Wilson McCandless (Democratic) 42.17% ▌William M. Wright (Know Nothing) 3.38% |
| Pennsylvania 22 | Samuel A. Purviance | Opposition | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y Samuel A. Purviance (Republican) 57.09% ▌James Gibson (Democratic) 40.51% ▌Alexander Wadlow (Know Nothing) 2.40% |
| Pennsylvania 23 | John Allison | Opposition | 1850 1852 (lost) 1854 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. | ▌Y William Stewart (Republican) 61.00% ▌Thomas Cunningham (Democratic) 39.00% |
| Pennsylvania 24 | David Barclay | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y James L. Gillis (Democratic) 51.75% ▌James S. Myers (Republican) 48.25% |
| Pennsylvania 25 | John Dick | Opposition | 1852 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. Republican gain. | ▌Y John Dick (Republican) 67.97% ▌James A. McFadden (Democratic) 32.03% |

## Rhode Island

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Rhode Island 1 |
| Rhode Island 2 |

## South Carolina

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| South Carolina 1 |
| South Carolina 2 |
| South Carolina 3 |
| South Carolina 4 |
| South Carolina 5 |
| South Carolina 6 |

## Tennessee

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Tennessee 1 | Albert G. Watkins | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Albert G. Watkins (Democratic) 50.58% ▌Nathaniel G. Taylor (Know Nothing) 49.42% |
| Tennessee 2 | William H. Sneed | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Know Nothing hold. | ▌Y Horace Maynard (Know Nothing) 50.89% ▌Wayne W. Wallace (Democratic) 49.11% |
| Tennessee 3 | Samuel A. Smith | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Samuel A. Smith (Democratic) 52.98% ▌William Heiskell (Know Nothing) 47.02% |
| Tennessee 4 | John H. Savage | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John H. Savage (Democratic) 55.16% ▌Joseph Pickett (Know Nothing) 44.84% |
| Tennessee 5 | Charles Ready | Know Nothing | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Charles Ready (Know Nothing) 51.25% ▌Joseph Guild (Democratic) 48.75% |
| Tennessee 6 | George W. Jones | Democratic | 1842 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y George W. Jones (Democratic) 100% |
| Tennessee 7 | John V. Wright | Democratic | 1855 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John V. Wright (Democratic) 83.81% ▌D. E. McElrath (Know Nothing) 16.19% |
| Tennessee 8 | Felix Zollicoffer | Know Nothing | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Felix Zollicoffer (Know Nothing) 52.18% ▌James M. Quarles (Democratic) 47.82% |
| Tennessee 9 | Emerson Etheridge | Know Nothing | 1853 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. | ▌Y John D. C. Atkins (Democratic) 50.37% ▌Emerson Etheridge (Know Nothing) 49.63% |
| Tennessee 10 | Thomas Rivers | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent retired. Democratic gain. | ▌Y William T. Avery (Democratic) 51.32% ▌William H. Stevens (Know Nothing) 48.68% |

## Texas

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Texas 1 |
| Texas 2 |

## Vermont

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Vermont 1 | George T. Hodges | Republican | 1856 (special) | Incumbent retired. Republican hold. | ▌Y E. P. Walton (Republican) 71.1% ▌Horatio Needham (Democratic) 28.6% ▌John Pierpoint (Free Soil) 4.7% |
| Vermont 2 | Justin S. Morrill | Whig | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected as a Republican. | ▌Y Justin S. Morrill (Republican) 76.1% ▌E. B. Chase (Democratic) 23.8% |
| Vermont 3 | Alvah Sabin | Whig | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. | ▌Y Homer Elihu Royce (Republican) 73.9% ▌W. H. H. Brigham (Democratic) 25.9% |

## Virginia

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Virginia 1 | Muscoe R. H. Garnett | Democratic | 1856 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Muscoe R. H. Garnett (Democratic) 57.1% ▌John Critcher (Know Nothing) 42.9% |
| Virginia 2 | John Millson | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John Millson (Democratic) 100% |
| Virginia 3 | John Caskie | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John Caskie (Democratic) 63.7% ▌A. Judson Crane (Know Nothing) 36.3% |
| Virginia 4 | William Goode | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William Goode (Democratic) 76.0% ▌[FNU] Collier (Know Nothing) 24.0% |
| Virginia 5 | Thomas S. Bocock | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Thomas S. Bocock (Democratic) 100% |
| Virginia 6 | Paulus Powell | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Paulus Powell (Democratic) 100% |
| Virginia 7 | William Smith | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y William Smith (Democratic) 57.5% ▌Edgar Snowden Sr. (Know Nothing) 42.5% |
| Virginia 8 | Charles J. Faulkner | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Charles J. Faulkner (Democratic) 59.5% ▌William Lucas (Know Nothing) 40.5% |
| Virginia 9 | John Letcher | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y John Letcher (Democratic) 75.3% ▌[FNU] Imboden (Unknown) 24.7% |
| Virginia 10 | Zedekiah Kidwell | Democratic | 1853 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y Sherrard Clemens (Democratic) 71.5% ▌[FNU] Dunnington (Know Nothing) 28.5% |
| Virginia 11 | John S. Carlile | Know Nothing | 1855 | Incumbent lost re-election. Democratic gain. | ▌Y Albert G. Jenkins (Democratic) 53.8% ▌John S. Carlile (Know Nothing) 46.2% |
| Virginia 12 | Henry A. Edmundson | Democratic | 1849 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Henry A. Edmundson (Democratic) 100% |
| Virginia 13 | Fayette McMullen | Democratic | 1849 | Incumbent retired. Democratic hold. | ▌Y George W. Hopkins (Democratic) 50.3% ▌Elbert S. Martin (Know Nothing) 49.7% |

## Wisconsin

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Wisconsin 1 | Daniel Wells Jr. | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. Republican gain. | ▌Y John F. Potter (Republican) 50.6% ▌Jackson Hadley (Democratic) 49.4% |
| Wisconsin 2 | Cadwallader C. Washburn | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Cadwallader C. Washburn (Republican) 61.8% ▌Samuel Crawford (Democratic) 38.2% |
| Wisconsin 3 | Charles Billinghurst | Republican | 1854 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Charles Billinghurst (Republican) 52.0% ▌Harrison Carroll Hobart (Democratic) 48.0% |

## Non-voting delegates

| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| Kansas | John Wilkins Whitfield | Democratic | 1854 1856 (seat vacated) 1856 (special) | Re-elected in 1855 before seat was vacated. Won special 1856 election. Democratic hold. | ▌Y John Wilkins Whitfield (Democratic) ▌ Andrew H. Reeder (Free-State Democrat) |
| Minnesota | Henry Mower Rice | Democratic | 1852 | Incumbent retired. New delegate elected. Democratic hold. District eliminated in 1858 upon Minnesota's statehood. | ▌Y William W. Kingsbury (Democratic) [data missing] |
| Nebraska | Bird Chapman | Democratic | 1854 | Incumbent lost re-election. New delegate elected August 3, 1857. Independent Democratic gain. | ▌Y Fenner Ferguson (Independent Democratic) ▌Bird Chapman (Democratic) |
| Oregon | Joseph Lane | Democratic | 1851 | Incumbent re-elected. | ▌Y Joseph Lane (Democratic) [data missing] |