OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Anusha Chari

Anusha Chari is an Indian-American economist who is a professor of economics and finance at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, where she directs the Modern Indian Studies Initiative. She is also a research associate of the National Bureau of Economic Research in the international finance and macroeconomics programs, a research fellow of the Center for Economic and Policy Research, a senior research fellow of the Kenan Institute of Private Enterprise, and the Deepak and Neera Raj Center on Indian Economic Policies of Columbia University.
She is the president of the International Economics and Finance Society and chairs the American Economic Association's Committee on the Status of Women in the Economics Profession.

## Early life and education

Chari grew up in India, where her father was a senior government official and her mother is the Chairperson of the Book Review Literary Trust. She studied economics in India, receiving a college degree from Delhi University, and then a B.A. in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics from Balliol College of Oxford University in 1992, and a PhD in business economics from UCLA Anderson School of Management in 2000.

## Career

Chari was a visiting assistant professor at the Booth School of Business at the University of Chicago from 1999 to 2001, and then a faculty member at the Ford School of Public Policy at the University of Michigan from 2001 to 2008. She joined the faculty of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 2008. In 2011, she served as a special advisor on the Economic Advisory Council to the Prime Minister of India. Her research focuses on the impact of financial globalization and the financial systems of emerging markets.

### Selected works

* Chari, Anusha, and Peter Blair Henry. "Risk sharing and asset prices: evidence from a natural experiment." The Journal of Finance 59, no. 3 (2004): 1295–1324.
* Chari, Anusha, Paige P. Ouimet, and Linda L. Tesar. "The value of control in emerging markets." The Review of Financial Studies 23, no. 4 (2010): 1741–1770.
* Chari, Anusha, Wenjie Chen, and Kathryn ME Dominguez. "Foreign ownership and firm performance: Emerging market acquisitions in the United States." IMF Economic Review 60, no. 1 (2012): 1-42.
* Chari, Anusha, and Peter Blair Henry. "Firm-specific information and the efficiency of investment." Journal of Financial Economics 87, no. 3 (2008): 636–655.
* Alfaro, Laura, Gonzalo Asis, Anusha Chari, and Ugo Panizza. "Corporate debt, firm size and financial fragility in emerging markets." Journal of International Economics 118 (2019): 1–19.
# Whoops! I'm a Cowboy

Whoops! I'm a Cowboy! is a 1937 Fleischer Studios animated short film starring Betty Boop.

## Synopsis

Betty's short weakling boyfriend Wiffle Piffle proposes to her. Betty turns him down, saying/singing she's only interested in a "bronco-busting" he-man cowboy. Wiffle sets off for a dude ranch to learn how to become a real cowboy. It doesn't work out so well.

## Notes and comments

The film includes the first of only two appearances by Wiffle Piffle in the Betty Boop series. His second was in The Hot Air Salesman (1937). Otherwise, Wiffle Piffle appeared only in the Screen Songs series.
# Precious Gems

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
Precious Gems is a compilation album by the band Ruby, containing tracks from their two studio albums from 1977 and 1978.'

## Track listing

* "Running Back to Me" (Fogerty, Oda)
* "Life Is But a Dream" (Fogerty)
* "Mistreater" (Oda)
* "Run With Your Love" (Oda)
* "Bart" [instrumental] (Oda)
* "Take Me Back to London" (Fogerty, Oda)
* "Can You Really Say" (Davis)
* "Singin' the Blues" (McCreary)
* "Dance All Night" (Davis)

## Personnel

* Tom Fogerty – guitar, harmonica, vocals
* Randy Oda – guitar, keyboards, vocals
* Anthony Davis – bass, vocals
* Bobby Cochran – drums, percussion, vocals
* Jamie Putnam – cover art design
* Phil Carroll – art direction
# Jinshanqiao

Jinshanqiao (simplified Chinese: 金山桥街道; traditional Chinese: 金山橋街道; pinyin: Jīnshānqiáo Jiēdào) is a subdistrict of Wangcheng district, Changsha, Hunan, China. It is located on the center of West Wangcheng, the subdistrict is bordered by Wushan, Huangjinyuan subdistricts to the northwest, Leifeng to the southwest, Baishazhou, Gaotangling to the east. Jinshanqiao has an area of 24.07 km$^2$ (9.29 sq mi) with a population of 20,858. The subdistrict has three villages under its jurisdiction.

## History

Jinshanqiao was formed by the revocation of Huangjin (and setting up three new subdistricts) in 2012.
In June 2012, Huangjin was changed from a town (黄金镇) as a subdistrict (黄金街道). On August 28, 2012, Huangjin was divided into three subdistricts, they are Jinshanqiao (金山桥街道), Huangjinyuan (黄金园街道) and Liaojiaping (廖家坪街道) subdistricts.
* The Jinshanqiao subdistrict contains Jinping (金坪社区), Jinshanqiao (金山桥社区) and Tonglin'ao (桐林坳社区) three residential communities.
* The Huangjinyuan subdistrict contains Guifang (桂芳村), Huangjinyuan (黄金园村) and Yingxiongling (英雄岭村) three villages.
* The Liaojiiaping subdistrict contains Baima (白马村), Liaojiaping (廖家坪村) and Sanyi (三益村) three villages. Liaojiaping was merged to Leifeng subdistrict on November 19, 2015.
# 1746 in Sweden

Events from the year 1746 in Sweden

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Frederick I

## Events

* - A new sumptuary law bans the use of hooped skirts wider than 4.5 ells.
* 9 December – Carl Gustaf Tessin succeed Carl Gyllenborg as Privy Council Chancellery.
* - Eva Ekeblad present the result of how to make flour and alcohol out of potatoes to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

## Births

* 24 January – Gustav III of Sweden, monarch (died 1792)
* January 31 - Pehr Hörberg, artist, painter and musician (died 1816)
* 24 February – Uno von Troil, Archbishop of Uppsala (died 1803)
* 14 December - Julie Alix de la Fay, ballerina (died 1826)
* - Andreas Berlin, naturalist (died 1773)
* - Peter Jacob Hjelm, chemist and the first person to isolate the element molybdenum (died 1813)
* - Ulrika Fredrika Bremer, shipowner (died 1798)
* - Eric Ruuth, Governor-General of Swedish Pomerania (died 1820)
* - Lovisa Simson, theater director (died 1808)
* Hedda Piper, courtier (died 1812)

## Deaths

* 9 December – Carl Gyllenborg, politician (born 1679)
# Lely, Florida

Lely is a census-designated place (CDP) in Collier County, Florida, United States. The population was 3,694 at the 2020 census, up from 3,451 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Naples–Marco Island Metropolitan Statistical Area.

## Geography

Lely is located in western Collier County at 26°6′10″N 81°43′59″W﻿ / ﻿26.10278°N 81.73306°W﻿ / 26.10278; -81.73306 (26.102802, -81.733125). It is bordered on the southwest by U.S. Route 41, on the south by Naples Manor, and on the southeast by Lely Resort. Downtown Naples is 5 miles (8 km) to the northwest on U.S. 41.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the Lely CDP has a total area of 1.5 square miles (3.8 km$^2$), of which 1.4 square miles (3.5 km$^2$) is land and 0.12 square miles (0.3 km$^2$), or 7.04%, is water.

## Demographics
### 2020 census

Lely racial composition (Hispanics excluded from racial categories) (NH = Non-Hispanic) :
| Race | Number | Percentage |
| White (NH) | 3,051 | 82.59% |
| Black or African American (NH) | 176 | 4.76% |
| Native American or Alaska Native (NH) | 5 | 0.14% |
| Asian (NH) | 28 | 0.76% |
| Pacific Islander (NH) | 1 | 0.03% |
| Some Other Race (NH) | 7 | 0.19% |
| Mixed/Multi-Racial (NH) | 65 | 1.76% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 361 | 9.77% |
| Total | 3,694 | |
As of the 2020 United States census, there were 3,694 people, 1,795 households, and 1,030 families residing in the CDP.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 3,857 people, 2,037 households, and 1,179 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 2,638.9 inhabitants per square mile (1,018.9/km$^2$). There were 2,641 housing units at an average density of 1,806.9 per square mile (697.6/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 97.41% White, 0.70% African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.44% Asian, 0.91% from other races, and 0.39% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.71% of the population.
There were 2,037 households, out of which 8.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.7% were married couples living together, 3.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.1% were non-families. 37.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 26.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 1.82 and the average family size was 2.33.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 8.1% under the age of 18, 2.8% from 18 to 24, 13.1% from 25 to 44, 25.8% from 45 to 64, and 50.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 65 years. For every 100 females, there were 82.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 80.2 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $45,170, and the median income for a family was $57,361. Males had a median income of $40,719 versus $31,139 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $32,430. About 5.1% of families and 6.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 6.2% of those under age 18 and 8.9% of those age 65 or over.
# Durgesh Pathak

Durgesh Pathak is an Indian politician and was Member of Legislative Assembly in Delhi. He is a senior member of the Aam Aadmi Party and Political Affairs Committee (the highest decision-making body) and National Executive In-charge of the party.
He won the Delhi Assembly by-election, 2022 as the AAP candidate for the seat of MLA from the Rajendra Nagar assembly constituency in Delhi.
He was appointed Chairman of Committee on Government Undertakings of (Delhi) and Committee on Municipal Corporation of (Delhi) post MCD Elections 2022.
In 2025 Delhi Assembly Elections he lost to BJP candidate in Rajinder Nagar constituency.

## Early life and career

He completed Master's in English from Allahabad University and moved to Delhi in 2010.

## Politics

In 2013, he managed the election campaign for AAP national convenor Arvind Kejriwal and helped defeat Sheila Dixit the incumbent Delhi Chief Minister.
He is a member of Political Affairs Committee (the highest decision-making body) and National Executive In-charge of the party. He is in-charge of Municipal Corporation of Delhi election for AAP.
In June 2022, he contested from Rajendra Nagar in Delhi Assembly by-election, 2022 against BJP's candidate Rajesh Bhatia and won by 11,000 lead.

## Electoral performance

Delhi Assembly by-election, 2022: Rajinder Nagar :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | AAP | Durgesh Pathak | 40,319 | 55.76 | −1.30 |
| | BJP | Rajesh Bhatia | 28,581 | 39.92 | +2.22 |
| | INC | Prem Lata | 2,014 | 2.79 | −1.01 |
| | NOTA | None of the above | 546 | 0.76 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 11,555 | 15.84 | −3.52 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 71,892 | 43.75 | −14.75 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 1,77,867 | | |
| | AAP hold | AAP hold | Swing | -1.30 | |
Delhi Assembly elections, 2020: Karawal Nagar :
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| | BJP | Mohan Singh Bisht | 96,721 | 50.59 | +16.85 |
| | AAP | Durgesh Pathak | 88,498 | 46.29 | −13.55 |
| | INC | Arbind Singh | 2,242 | 1.17 | −1.98 |
| | BSP | Nathu Ram | 824 | 0.43 | −0.86 |
| | CPI(M) | Ranjit Tiwari | 414 | 0.22 | −0.19 |
| | NOTA | None of the above | 373 | 0.20 | −0.32 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 8,223 | 4.30 | −21.80 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,91,291 | 67.55 | −2.28 |
| | BJP gain from AAP | BJP gain from AAP | Swing | +16.85 | |
# David of Gareji

David of Gareji (Georgian: დავით გარეჯელი, romanized: davit garejeli; lit. 'David who sits outside') (fl. 6th century) was an anchorite, Desert Father, wonderworker and one of the thirteen Assyrian Apostles of the Kingdom of Iberia. He is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church.

## Life

David was a disciple of John of Zedazeni. David founded David Gareji monastery, with his disciples Dodo and Lukiane. David decided to leave the monastery and go on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem with a group of his disciples. After reaching Palestine, however, he only climbed one of the hills surrounding the city but did not enter its gates, considering himself a sinner and finding himself, approaching “the summit of Grace”, unworthy to walk in the footsteps of Jesus. He also refused to meet with Elijah, the Patriarch of Jerusalem. He took three stones from the Holy Land and departed for Iberia. Elijah's envoys caught up with David near Nablus and took two stones back per the patriarch's command in order "not to take away the full grace of Jerusalem" with him. David brought back only one stone to Iberia, which later became famous in the Georgian kingdom as a miracle-working stone. The event demonstrates the traffic in liturgical goods between Georgia and the Holy Land. The relic, referred to as the "stone of grace", was believed to have the power of healing and was worshipped and highly venerated by different pilgrims of the Christian east and even Muslim visitors. Having returned to the monastery David stayed there until the end of his life. He died in the second half of the 6th century and was buried in David Gareji Lavra. In the late Middle Ages, a period in which Georgia was often invaded, the David Gareji Monastery was subject to a series of destructive raids and, in order to protect this most sacred relic, the stone was frequently hidden in different places. Since the 1990s, the miracle stone of David, has been kept at the Sameba Cathedral in Georgia's capital, Tbilisi.

## Veneration

In the 9th century, on the initiative of Hilarion the Iberian, David's tomb was turned into a place of public worship. Orthodox hagiography calls him "the founder of the Georgian Thebaid" and counts him among the most venerated saints and patrons of the Georgian Church. His vita, "Life and Deeds of Our Saint Father David of Gareji" was composed in one of the Georgian monasteries of Mount Athos, in the circle of the disciples of Euthymius the Iberian. In 2000, with the blessing of His Holiness Ilia II, Catholicos-Patriarch of All Georgia, David's tomb was opened and cleaned. Archaeological findings demonstrated the relevance and accuracy of the written sources and the local monastic traditions.
# Choirbook

A choirbook is a large format manuscript used by choirs in churches or cathedrals during the Middle Ages and Renaissance. The book is large enough for the entire choir to read from one book and may contain either monophonic gregorian chant or polyphony, with voice parts laid out individually across an opening's facing pages.
Choirbooks were generally put on a stand with the smaller boy sopranos in front and the men in back. As the printing of music became easier and paper replaced vellum, choirbooks fell out of favour, replaced by smaller, cheaper, and easier to handle partbooks and octavos. A kind of choirbook format is still prevalent in music for piano four hands.
A choirbook was a major investment. Many of them were stark and utilitarian and show signs of heavy and constant use. At larger cathedrals, choirbooks were sometimes lavishly decorated and illuminated. Since they represent an important expense, they were rarely owned by single people, but rather by families or institutions.

## Major choirbooks

* Eton Choirbook
* Caius Choirbook
* Lambeth Choirbook
* Pepys Choirbook
* Leiden choirbooks
* Choirbooks at San Millán de la Cogolla
* The gregorian introit for Easter, "Resurrexi" illuminated by Juan de Carrión (15th century). Museum of the Cathedral of Ávila, Spain
* Leiden Choirbook (16th c.)
* Circa 1500 woodcut
# Boettger Competições

Boettger Competições was a Brazilian motorsport team owned Ereneu Boettger. in 2003 the team won the Stock Car Brasil Championship with David Muffato, driving a Chevrolet Vectra.
# 1755 in Sweden

Events from the year 1755 in Sweden

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Adolf Frederick

## Events

* - Birgitta Holm is exiled for having converted to Catholicism.
* - Careening is banned.
* - First issue of the first politician paper in Sweden, En Ärlig Svensk.
* - Publication of Hjelpreda i hushållningen för unga fruentimber by Cajsa Warg.

## Births

* 4 September - Axel von Fersen the Younger, diplomat and alleged lover of Marie Antoinette (died 1810)
* 4 September - Adolf Ludvig Stierneld, politician (died 1835)
* 26 September - Hans Henric von Essen, politician (died 1824)
* 19 August- Helena Quiding, culture personality and builder (died 1819)
# Tatlin's Tower

Tatlinʼs Tower, or the project for the Monument to the Third International (1919–20), was a design for a grand monumental building by the Russian artist and architect Vladimir Tatlin, that was never built. It was planned to be erected in Petrograd (now Saint Petersburg) after the October Revolution of 1917, as the headquarters and monument of the Communist International (the "Third International").

## Plans

Tatlinʼs Constructivist tower was to be built from industrial materials: iron, glass and steel. In materials, shape and function, it was envisaged as a towering symbol of modernity. It would have dwarfed the Eiffel Tower in Paris. The tower's main form was a twin helix which spiraled up to 400 m (1,300 feet) in height, around which visitors would be transported with the aid of various mechanical devices. The main framework would contain four large suspended geometric structures. These structures would rotate at different rates. At the base of the structure was a cube which was designed as a venue for lectures, conferences and legislative meetings, and this would complete a rotation in the span of one year. Above the cube would be a smaller pyramid housing executive activities and completing a rotation once a month. Further up would be a cylinder, which was to house an information centre, issuing news bulletins and manifestos via telegraph, radio and loudspeaker, and would complete a rotation once a day. At the top, there would be a hemisphere for radio equipment. There were also plans to install a gigantic open-air screen on the cylinder, and a further projector which would be able to cast messages across the clouds on any overcast day.

## Evaluations

There are serious doubts about the tower’s practicality given that the amount of steel required would have been impossible to obtain in bankrupt post-revolutionary Russia.
Tatlin's tower was critical to Soviet propaganda. Symbolically, the tower was said to represent the aspirations of its originating country and a challenge to the Eiffel Tower as the foremost symbol of modernity. Soviet critic Viktor Shklovsky is said to have called it a monument "made of steel, glass and revolution."

## Models

There are models of Tatlinʼs Tower at the Moderna Museet in Stockholm, Sweden, at Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow, and at Musée National d'Art Moderne at the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris. A 1:42 model was built at The Royal Academy of Arts, London in November 2011. In September 2017, the same 1:42 model was erected as part of the ʻRussian Seasonʼ at the Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts in Norwich. Since the exhibition closed in February 2018, the tower is expected to continue as a feature of the University of East Anglia's 'sculpture park' until the end of 2021.
Ai Weiweiʼs 2007 sculpture Fountain of Light, currently on display at the Louvre Abu Dhabi, is modelled on the Tatlin Tower.
# Quarter Pounder: 25 Years of Being Consumed

Quarter Pounder: 25 Years of Being Consumed is the second greatest hits album from the Australian rock band, Regurgitator. The album was released in October 2019 marking 25 years of the group. The album contains songs from their first four studio albums and various EPs. The album debuted at number 360 on the ARIA Charts.
The album was promoted with a tour in October and November 2019, titled Regurgitator – Quarter Pounder: 25 years of still being consumed! across 22 dates around Australia.

## Track listing

* "! (The Song Formerly Known As)"
* "Polyester Girl"
* "Black Bugs"
* "Kong Foo Sing"
* "Everyday Formula"
* "I Sucked a Lot of Cock to Get Where I Am"
* "Blubber Boy"
* "I Like Your Old Stuff Better Than Your New Stuff"
* "Fat Cop"
* "Super Straight"
* "I Will Lick Your Arsehole"
* "Modern Life"
* "Happiness (Rotting My Brain)"
* "Track 1"
* "I Wanna Be a Nudist"
* "Freshmint!"
* "F.S.O."
* "Couldn't Do It"
* "Crush the Losers"

## 25 years of still being consumed! Tour

A 21-date tour was announced in July 2019. Opening acts included were Shonen Knife and The Fauves.
| Date | Location | Country | Venue |
| 4 October 2019 | Clayton | Australia | Monash University |
| 5 October 2019 | San Remo | Australia | Westernport Hotel |
| 6 October 2019 | Caloundra | Australia | Caloundra Music Festival |
| 11 October 2019 | Cairns | Australia | Tanks Arts Centre |
| 12 October 2019 | Darwin | Australia | Darwin Surf Club |
| 18 October 2019 | Adelaide | Australia | The Gov |
| 19 October 2019 | Adelaide | Australia | The Gov |
| 20 October 2019 | Hobart | Australia | Uni Bar |
| 24 October 2019 | Canberra | Australia | The Basement |
| 25 October 2019 | Kingscliff | Australia | Kingscliff Beach Hotel |
| 26 October 2019 | Brisbane | Australia | The Tivoli |
| 27 October 2019 | Brisbane | Australia | The Tivoli |
| 1 November 2019 | Melbourne | Australia | Prince of Wales Hotel |
| 2 November 2019 | Melbourne | Australia | Corner Hotel |
| 3 November 2019 | Werribee | Australia | The Lost Lands |
| 7 November 2019 | Newcastle | Australia | Cambridge Hotel |
| 8 November 2019 | Sydney | Australia | Metro Theatre |
| 9 November 2019 | Sydney | Australia | Metro Theatre |
| 10 November 2019 | Wollongong | Australia | University of Wollongong |
| 15 November 2019 | Perth | Australia | Astor Theatre |
| 16 November 2019 | Fremantle | Australia | Metropolis Fremantle |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format | Label | Catalogue |
| Australia | October 2019 | CD, vinyl | Warner Music Australia | 5419705533 |
# Akumyō

The Akumyō (悪名, "bad name") series consists of seventeen yakuza films based on the novel by Tōkō Kon. starring Shintarō Katsu and Jirō Tamiya [Wikidata], produced between 1960 and 1974.

## Films
### Shintaro Katsu series

* Tough Guy (悪名, Akumyō) (1961) directed by Tokuzō Tanaka
* Zoku Akumyō (続悪名) (1961) directed by Tokuzō Tanaka
* Shin Akumyō (新悪名) (1962) directed by Kazuo Mori
* Zoku Shin Akumyō (続新悪名) (1962) directed by Tokuzō Tanaka
* Daisan no Akumyō (第三の悪名) (1963) directed by Tokuzō Tanaka
* Akumyō Ichiba (悪名市場) (1963) directed by Kazuo Mori
* Akumyō Hatoba (悪名波止場) (1963) directed by Kazuo Mori
* Akumyō Ichiban (悪名一番) (1963) directed by Tokuzō Tanaka
* Akumyō Daiko (悪名太鼓) (1964) directed by Kazuo Mori
* Akumyō Nobori (悪名幟) (1965) directed by Tokuzō Tanaka
* Akumyō Muteki (悪名無敵) (1965) directed by Tokuzō Tanaka
* Akumyō Zakura (悪名桜) (1966) directed by Tokuzō Tanaka
* Akumyō Ichidai (悪名一代) (1967) directed by Kimiyoshi Yasuda
* Akumyō Juhachi-ban (悪名十八番) (1968) directed by Kazuo Mori
* Akumyō Ichiban Shobu (悪名一番勝負) (1969) directed by Masahiro Makino
* Akumyō: Shima Arashiaka (悪名縄張（しま）荒らし) (1974) directed by Yasuzo Masumura

### Koji Matoba series

* Akumyō (悪名) (2001)
* Akumyō 2: Araburu Kenkadamashī (悪名2 荒ぶる喧嘩魂) (2001)