OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Eastern Trust Company

The Eastern Trust Company was a Canadian trust company incorporated in 1893 in Halifax, Nova Scotia.

## History

The Eastern Trust Company was proposed for incorporation on 13 December 1892 per an application by solicitors Henry, Harris & Henry in Halifax, Nova Scotia. The proposed company aimed to accept and execute trusts of various kinds, act as a receiver, trustee, assignee, executor, administrator, and guardian, and serve as an agent or attorney for business transactions. Its functions would include managing estates, collecting rents, interests, dividends, mortgages, and other securities, as well as conducting activities typical of trust companies.
Months later, the Eastern Trust Company was incorporated by an Act of the Nova Scotia Legislature, which was approved on 1 April 1893. The company was established following a petition by notable figures including Alfred Gilpin Jones, Thomas Fyshe, Wiley Smith, H. H. Fuller, James Crosskill Mackintosh, Thomas Edward Kenny, William Robertson, Adam Burns, Hugh McDonald Henry, Thomas Ritchie, John Doull, William Benjamin Ross, John Fitzwilliam Stairs, Patrick O'Mullin, Charles C. Blackadar, and Jeremiah F. Kenny, all from Halifax, as well as Robert Caie of Yarmouth and George A. Schofield of Saint John, New Brunswick. The Act granted the company powers to carry out trust and financial services.
John Fitzwilliam Stairs headed the syndicate that founded the company. He led Eastern Trust as president, with W.J. Stairs, his father, holding the largest share. The Union Bank of Halifax backed Eastern Trust's formation as a semi-industrial development bank. The institution was established with a capital of $200,000 and the following directors: T.E. Kenny, John Doull, Adam Burns, Thomas Ritchie, G.J. Troop, J.C. Mackintosh, T. Fysche, J.W. Allison, and others. With its head office established in Halifax, Nova Scotia, the company launched operations in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick upon its formation.
The Eastern Trust Co. received a first mortgage—a legal claim on assets—from the Halifax Electric Tramway Company in December 1895 to back the issuance of $600,000 in debentures. Halifax's entire street railway system was managed by the Halifax Electric Tramway Co.
On 7 May 1909, an act incorporating the company to conduct business in Quebec was approved, and the company chose Montreal as the location for its chief office.
The Eastern Trust Co. began operating as a bankruptcy trustee in Halifax on 18 August 1920. The Saint John's branch was officially appointed as a bankruptcy trustee on 24 March 1921. It functioned alongside other trust companies and individual trustees responsible for managing insolvency cases within the provinces.
# Smatchet

A smatchet is a short, heavy fighting knife 16.5 inches (42 cm) in overall length (including grip). It was designed by William E. Fairbairn during World War II.

## Design

Though described in the Office of Strategic Services catalogue as a cross between a machete and a bolo, it was actually based on the Royal Welch Fusiliers Trench Knife of World War I, and was designed as a pure combat knife. It has a broad, leaf-shaped blade sharpened the full length on one side, and from the tip to half of the other side. The entire blade is coated with a dull matte finish to prevent detection at night from stray reflections.

## Use

According to Fairbairn, the smatchet was an ideal close-combat weapon for those not armed with a rifle and bayonet:
   The psychological reaction of any man, when he first takes the smatchet in his hand, is full justification for its recommendation as a fighting weapon. He will immediately register all the essential qualities of a good soldier – confidence, determination, and aggressiveness. Its balance, weight and killing power, with the point, edge or pommel, combined with the extremely simple training necessary to become efficient in its use, make it the ideal personal weapon for all those not armed with a rifle and bayonet.
The smatchet was used by British and American special forces (Special Air Service and Office of Strategic Services, respectively) during World War II.
In the late 1980s, Col. Rex Applegate licensed a modified version of the smatchet he and Fairbairn designed late in World War II. He called it the "Applegate-Fairbairn Combat Smatchet".

## Manufacturers

* Applegate-Fairbairn
* Böker
* Cold Steel
* Sniper Bladeworks
* United Cutlery
* Wells Creek Knife & Gun Works
* Windlass Steelcraft
* W. R. Case & Sons Cutlery Co.
# Cynisca Cycling

Cynisca Cycling is a USA-based UCI Continental women’s cycling team that began racing in 2023. The team has more North American riders than any other UCI Continental or World Tour team. Their mission is to empower women through cycling.

## Major results
### 2024

    Unbound 100, Lauren Stephens, First Place
    Pan American Road Race Championships, Lauren Stephens, First Place
    Pan American Time Trial, Lauren Stephens, Second Place
    U23 Road Race National Championships, Nicole Steinmetz, First Place
    U23 Criterium National Championships, Chloe Patrick, First Place
    USA Cycling National Pro Road Championships, Lauren Stephens, Fourth Place
    Tour of the Gila Overall, Lauren Stephens, First Place
    Tour of the Gila Stage 4, Chloe Patrick, First Place
    Tour of the Gila Stage 3, Lauren Stephens, First Place
    Tour of the Gila Stage 1, Lauren Stephens, First Place
    Sea Otter Classic, Nicole Steinmetz, First Place
    Levi's Gran Fondo, Lauren Stephens, Second Place
    Redlands Bicycle Classic Overall, Mara Roldan, Third Place
    Redlands Bicycle Classic, Stage 5, Mara Roldan, First Place
    Redlands Bicycle Classic, Stage 1, Mara Roldan, First Place
    Tour de Normandie, Stage 3, Lauren Stephens, First Place
    Clasica De Almeria, Lauren Stephens, First Place

### 2023

    Sea Otter Classic Road Race, Ashley Frye, Second Place
    Joe Martin Classic Stage Race, Emilie Fortin, Third Place
    Clasica de Almeria, Emilie Fortin, First Place

## Team roster

    As of 23 May 2024
| | Rider | Date of birth |
| Claire Windsor (USA) | Claire Windsor (USA) | (2000-02-20) February 20, 2000 (age 25) |
| Allison Mrugal (USA) | Allison Mrugal (USA) | (1996-07-21) July 21, 1996 (age 28) |
| Lauren Stephens (USA) | Lauren Stephens (USA) | (1986-12-28) December 28, 1986 (age 38) |
| Nicole Steinmetz (USA) | Nicole Steinmetz (USA) | (2003-05-21) May 21, 2003 (age 21) |
| Katherine Sarkisov (USA) | Katherine Sarkisov (USA) | (2004-02-28) February 28, 2004 (age 21) |
| Mara Roldan (Canada) | Mara Roldan (Canada) | (2004-04-07) April 7, 2004 (age 20) |
| Greta Richioud (France) | Greta Richioud (France) | (1996-10-11) October 11, 1996 (age 28) |
| Chloe Patrick (USA) | Chloe Patrick (USA) | (2004-10-31) October 31, 2004 (age 20) |
| | Rider | Date of birth |
| Cara O'Neill (USA) | Cara O'Neill (USA) | (1999-03-24) March 24, 1999 (age 25) |
| Fiona Mangan (Ireland) | Fiona Mangan (Ireland) | (1996-05-16) May 16, 1996 (age 28) |
| Gabrielle Lehnert (USA) | Gabrielle Lehnert (USA) | (2001-01-19) January 19, 2001 (age 24) |
| Ashley Frye (USA) | Ashley Frye (USA) | (2000-07-31) July 31, 2000 (age 24) |
| Chloé Fourmigué-Villacampa (France) | Chloé Fourmigué-Villacampa (France) | (1998-03-18) March 18, 1998 (age 26) |
| Émilie Fortin (Canada) | Émilie Fortin (Canada) | (1999-05-21) May 21, 1999 (age 25) |
| Tess Edwards (USA) | Tess Edwards (USA) | (2001-08-17) August 17, 2001 (age 23) |
| Pauline Allin (France) | Pauline Allin (France) | (1995-05-02) May 2, 1995 (age 29) |
# 1680 in Sweden

Events from the year 1680 in Sweden

## Incumbents

* Monarch – Charles XI

## Events

* Wedding between the King and Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark.
* In the Riksdagen 1680, Charles XI introduces absolute monarchy in Sweden by banning the council from making suggestions unless asked to bey the monarch.
* During the Riksdag, the Great Reversion is introduced: The Baronies and Counties of the nobility, the donations from the foreign provinces, and all donations worth more than 600 silver a year is reverted to the crown, which leads to the confiscation of about 80 percent of all the property donated from the crown to the high nobility during the 17th-century.
* Wenerid by Skogekär Bergbo.

## Deaths

* 10 June - Johan Göransson Gyllenstierna, statesman (born 1635)
* 2 September - Per Brahe the Younger, statesman (born 1602)
* Debora van der Plas, business person (born 1616)
# Kingstown, Maryland

Kingstown is a census-designated place (CDP) in Queen Anne's County, Maryland, United States. The population was 1,644 at the 2000 census.

## History

The log canoe Mystery was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

## Geography

Kingstown is located at 39°12′32″N 76°2′35″W﻿ / ﻿39.20889°N 76.04306°W﻿ / 39.20889; -76.04306 (39.208840, −76.043034).
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 2.6 square miles (6.7 km$^2$), of which 2.2 square miles (5.7 km$^2$) is land and 0.3 square miles (0.78 km$^2$) (12.11%) is water.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,644 people, 668 households, and 486 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 733.2 inhabitants per square mile (283.1/km$^2$). There were 719 housing units at an average density of 320.7 per square mile (123.8/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 92.82% White, 6.14% African American, 0.18% Native American, 0.49% Asian, 0.06% from other races, and 0.30% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.55% of the population.
There were 668 households, out of which 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.6% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.2% were non-families. 22.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 2.88.
In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 24.5% under the age of 18, 5.1% from 18 to 24, 24.9% from 25 to 44, 27.1% from 45 to 64, and 18.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.6 males.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $49,539, and the median income for a family was $59,063. Males had a median income of $40,820 versus $26,167 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $26,616. About 1.3% of families and 4.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.9% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.
# 8th Dalai Lama

The 8th Dalai Lama, Jamphel Gyatso (1758–1804) was recognized as the 8th Dalai Lama of Tibet.
Born in 1758 at Lhari Gang (Tob-rgyal Lha-ri Gang) in the Upper Ü-Tsang region of southwestern Tibet his father, Sonam Dhargye and mother, Phuntsok Wangmo, were originally from Kham. They were distant descendants of Dhrala Tsegyal, who was one of the major heroes of the Gesar epic.

## Traditional history

He was escorted to Lhasa and enthroned as the leader of the Tibetan people in the Potala Palace in 7th month of the Water Horse Year (1762) when he was five years old (four by Western reckoning). The enthronement ceremony was presided over by Demo Tulku Jamphel Yeshi, the first of a series of Regents to represent the Dalai Lamas when they were minors. The ceremony was held in the 'Beyond Mind Temple of the Second Potala'.
He was the disciple of Yongtsin Yeshe Gyaltsen, the Kushok Bakula Rinpoche.
The country continued to be ruled by regents until the Wood Dragon Year (1784) when the Regent was sent as an ambassador to China and the Dalai Lama ruled alone until 1790, when the Regent returned to help Jamphel Gyatso. In 1788 there was a conflict with Nepali wool traders leading to a skirmish with the Gurkhas. In 1790 the Gurkhas invaded southern Tibet and conquered several provinces including Nya-nang and Kyi-drong. The city of Shigatse and the Tashilhunpo Monastery were captured and looted but the Gurkhas were driven back to Nepal in 1791 after the Qing dynasty sent troops to Tibet. A peace treaty between the Qing dynasty and Gurkhas was agreed on in 1796.

### Norbulingka Park and Summer Palace and other activities

He built the Norbulingka Park and Summer Palace in 1783 on the outskirts of Lhasa. He also commissioned an exquisite copper statue of the Buddha for the people of Southern Tibet which was brought into India in the 1960s and is now housed at the Library of Tibetan Works & Archives, Dharamsala, India.

### Later life

    "He was a mild and contemplative person with no great interest in temporal affairs and although he lived to be 45 [44 by Western reckoning], for most of his life he was content to let a Regent conduct the administration."
He died in 1804 at the age of 47 (46 by Western reckoning).

## Footnotes

* Khetsun Sangpo Rinpoche. (1982). "Life and times of the Eighth to Twelfth Dalai Lamas." The Tibet Journal. Vol. VII Nos. 1 & 2. Spring/Summer 1982, pp. 47–48.
* https://web.archive.org/web/20051213024822/http://www.dalailama.com/page.51.htm
# Kara Stein

Kara Marlene Stein is an American attorney who currently serves as a board member of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, known as PCAOB. She was sworn in on November 18, 2021, and her current term is scheduled to end on October 24, 2026.
Stein also served on the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) from August 2013 till January 2019. In May 2013, President Barack Obama nominated her to serve as a Democratic member of the Commission to succeed Elisse Walter. Stein was confirmed by the Senate and started her tenure at the SEC in August 2013. During her tenure on the SEC, Stein was often described as the most progressive member of the body, and has been described as an ally of Senator Elizabeth Warren. In 2021, she was mentioned as a potential candidate to lead the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC).

## Education and career

Stein graduated from Yale University in 1986 and Yale Law School in 1991. Following her education, Stein was an associate at the law firm Wilmer, Cutler & Pickering (WilmerHale).
Before being appointed to the SEC, Stein was an aide to Democratic Senator Jack Reed of Rhode Island and helped write the 2010 Dodd-Frank Act.

## Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

Though soft-spoken in public, Stein took strong stances to protect investors at SEC. Stein furthered the long-running to-and-fro debate at the SEC and in Congress over the questionable issuance of waivers to banks and other corporate entities that had been sanctioned by law for financial misconduct, in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis.
In April 2014, Stein published a dissent to an SEC judicial waiver granted to The Royal Bank of Scotland Group (RBS), which had been charged by the Justice Department with criminal violations. Stein argued that the SEC waiver for RBS risked establishing a policy "that some firms are just too big to bar."
The dissent won applause from Democratic Senators Sherrod Brown and Elizabeth Warren. In an April 2015 speech, Warren criticized the SEC's policy of granting "Well-Known Seasoned Issuer" waivers, saying the agency misses an opportunity to deter bad behavior when it rubber-stamps these waivers. Republicans at the SEC did not like the blocking of judicial waivers designated for banks and other corporate players.
Stein also wrote dissents to SEC waivers granted to BNP Paribas, Citigroup, and Oppenheimer & Co.

## Post-SEC career

After departing the SEC and prior to her appointment to PCAOB, Stein served on the faculty of several law schools, including serving as a Lecturer on Law at Harvard Law School, Lecturer-in-Law at University of Pennsylvania Law School, and Director of the AI & Capital Markets Initiative for the Center for Innovation at UC Hastings College of Law. Stein served on the ten-member Financial Stability Task Force coordinated by the Brookings Institution and University of Chicago Booth School of Business. She was also a member of the Board of Directors of the Investors Exchange but resigned when she joined PCAOB.
# Galpin GTR1

The Galpin GTR1 (sometimes referred to as the Galpin Ford GTR1) is a custom sports car based on the Ford GT developed and built by American automotive company Galpin Auto Sports. The car was unveiled at Pebble Beach in 2013. Galpin had planned to make at least six cars in 2014, with the possibility of another 18 to follow, based on demand.

## Specifications

In 2013, Galpin Auto Sports utilized the mechanical underpinnings of a Ford GT as basis to build the GTR1. The GTR1 has a 5.4L twin-turbocharged V8, capable of producing 1,024 hp (764 kW; 1,038 PS) and 739 lb⋅ft (1,002 N⋅m) of torque, which enables the car to accelerate from 0 to 60 mph (97 km/h) in about 3 seconds, and reach an advertised top speed of 225 mph (362 km/h). However, if the GTR1 is fuelled with 100-octane fuel, the power and torque outputs are boosted to respectively 1,197 hp (893 kW; 1,214 PS) and 887 lb⋅ft (1,203 N⋅m) of torque. The hand-built, all-aluminum chassis features carbon fiber detailing, and LED headlights, and is approximately 5 in (127 mm) wider than the standard Ford GT. The interior is only slightly altered from the Ford GT, but now has leather upholstery, a machined aluminum instrument cluster, and a McIntosh audio system. The GTR1 uses 20" aluminum wheels, which are fitted with Pirelli P-Zero tires. Carbon fiber disc brakes, with six-piston calipers and Reinforced carbon–carbon rotors are used to stop the car. It is the only car in the world, besides Formula One cars, to have carbon-carbon rotors.
# Dog and Duck (TV series)

Dog and Duck is a British preschool children's television show that was broadcast on CITV between 2000 and 2003.

## Description

Dog and Duck was produced by United Productions, later part of the UNM Group (United News & Media) for Meridian. The show centres on the characters of Dog and Duck, two toys who came alive when their owners were not looking. Other characters in the series included Piano, Telly and Elephant. The show featured a young Carrie Hope Fletcher as Jenny. The series was produced by Tracey Mulcrone and directed by Bob Harvey, with animation from Animated Extras. Josie Lawrence and James Fleet were the voices of Dog and Duck. Dan Maddicott was the executive producer. Jonathan Lloyd was a writer for the show. Other voices included John McAndrew, Eve Karpf, David Holt and Gary Martin. Since 2009, it has had occasional repeats on the CITV channel. There are 195 episodes of 15-minute duration.

## Video release

A VHS featuring twelve episodes of Dog and Duck was released by Buena Vista Home Video in 2000, as Dog And Duck - The Best of Friends.

## Footnotes

* ↑ Turner, Barry (2000). The Writer's Handbook 2001: The Complete Reference for All Writers, Journalists, Publishers, Editors, Screenwriters and Broadcasters. Macmillan UK. p. 348. ISBN 9780333781814.
* ↑ David Buckingham; Margaret Scanlon (2003). Education, entertainment, and learning in the home. Open University Press. p. 87. ISBN 0335210082.
* ↑ Mike Joyce. "Dog and Duck". Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 13 June 2013. (Press Release)
* ↑ "Guardian cartoonist secures TV deal". broadcastnow.co.uk. Media Business Insight Limited. 16 March 2004. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
* ↑ Fountain, Tim (2002). Julie Burchill Is Away. Nick Hern Books. p. 12. ISBN 978-1-85459-675-8. Retrieved 13 June 2013.
* ↑ Whithouse, Toby (2006). Blue eyes and heels. Oberon Books. p. 4. ISBN 978-1-84002-638-2.
# That's So Raven (soundtrack)

That's So Raven is the soundtrack album to the Disney Channel original series of the same name. The album includes songs sung by the show's star, Raven-Symoné and its theme song. The album debuted and peaked at #44 on the Billboard 200 and has been certified Gold by the RIAA for sales of 500,000 copies.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
| ParentCenter | (mixed) |
A mixed review by the ParentCenter Family Entertainment Guide called the album both "fun" and "predictable".

## Charts

| Chart | Peak position |
| Canadian Albums Chart | 18 |
| U.S. Billboard 200 | 44 |
| U.S. Billboard Top Kid Audio | 1 |
| U.S. Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums | 54 |
| U.S. Billboard Top Soundtracks | 2 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||

## Disney Karaoke Series

The Disney Karaoke Series: That's So Raven is a karaoke album featuring songs from the Disney series That's So Raven.

### Track listing

* "Supernatural"
* "Shine"
* "We Are Family"
* "Ultimate"
* "(There's Gotta Be) More to Life"
* "Jungle Boogie"
* "You Gotta Be"
* "That's So Raven (Theme Song)"
* "Supernatural"
* "Shine" (vocal)
* "We Are Family" (vocal)
* "Ultimate" (vocal)
* "(There's Gotta Be) More to Life" (vocal)
* "Jungle Boogie" (vocal)
* "You Gotta Be" (vocal)
* "That's So Raven (Theme Song)" (vocal)
# Marfa Ridge

The Marfa Ridge is a geographical ridge in Northwest Malta. The ridge is mostly known for hiking trips. On the eastern tip of the ridge, Maltese farmland is very common. The entirety of the ridge is made out of Globigerina limestone and is around 5.16 miles (8.30 km) long. Its highest point is on its western tip at 411 feet (125 m). The largest nature reserve in Malta along with the largest bay are both present around 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) south of the ridge. The Red Tower and the abandoned Festaval hotel are both located on the ridge. The Qammieh Radio Installation is located on this ridge.