OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Educomp Solutions

Educomp Solutions Limited (ESL) is an Indian multinational educational technology company, headquartered in Gurgaon, Haryana, India. Founded in 1994 as a private limited company by Shantanu Prakash, it has offices across 18 Indian states besides having overseas presence in Singapore and the United States. The company was popular for its flagship product Educomp Smartclass which once served thousands of schools in India, United States, Canada, Singapore and Sri Lanka before the brand's acquisition by Ebix in 2018. It was once described as India's largest technology-driven education company by The Economic Times.

## History

Educomp Solutions Limited was founded as a private limited company by Shantanu Prakash, an alumnus of Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad and Shri Ram College of Commerce in September 1994. The organization was engaged the business of setting up and maintaining of computer labs in private schools under the BOOT model and in government-run schools under subcontracts awarded by Indian government undertakings. The company launched eCampus and PlanetVidya.com in 1998. In 2000, the company started its trading operations with CD-ROMs. In September 2000, the firm was converted into a public limited company. In October 2000, the company received a US$2.5 million strategic investment from The Carlyle Group. The company entered the India's e-learning market in 2002 by launching LearningMate in partnership with US-based educational technology company Blackboard Inc. In June 2003, it launched Educomp Smartclass, a hardware for digitally equipping classrooms. In August 2004, it entered the American market by signing a US pilot project with Santa Barbara-based Franklin Elementary School. In 2005, Educomp was conferred the "CNBC-ICICI Bank Emerging India Award" as the ‘Company of the year 2005’ in the ICE and ITeS category. In 2008, it acquired 51% stake in Takshila Management Services. The company was on the height of its success between the years 2008 and 2012. In 2013, the firm signed a memorandum of understanding with Singapore's Raffles Institution. In July 2016, ESL announced a joint venture called Ebix Educomp Solutions in which ESL held 49% stake, while the remaining 51% stake is held by Ebix Software. In May 2017, the company filed for insolvency in National Company Law Tribunal. In January 2018, Educomp launched an e-learning platform, SmartclassOnline. In April 2018, Ebix purchased a majority stake of US$8 million for Smartclass Educational Services Pvt. Ltd (SESPL), thus paving the way for the former to enter India's 30 billion dollar digital education market. In May 2018, the International Finance Corporation submitted a petition to the National Company Law Tribunal asking to probe Educomp's alleged 'preferential transactions' after the company filed for bankruptcy. In June 2021, the State Bank of India filed a criminal complaint with the Central Bureau of Investigation accusing former director Rajat Khare of Appin and others of embezzling ₹8.06 billion ($97 million) from loans to Educomp. In September 2021, Supreme Court of India rejected Ebix's plea to withdraw its ₹4 billion offer for Educomp.
# Orosirian

The Orosirian Period ( /ˌɒroʊˈsɪəriən/; Ancient Greek: ὀροσειρά, romanized: oroseirá, meaning "mountain range") is the third geologic period in the Paleoproterozoic Era and lasted from 2050 Mya to 1800 Mya (million years ago). Instead of being based on stratigraphy, these dates are defined chronometrically.
The later half of the period was an episode of intensive orogeny on virtually all continents.
Two of the largest known impact events on Earth occurred during the Orosirian. Early in the period, 2023 Mya, a large asteroid collision created the Vredefort impact structure. The event that created the Sudbury Basin structure occurred near the end of the period, 1850 Mya.
For the time period from about 2060 to 1780 Mya, an alternative period based on stratigraphy rather than chronometry, named the Columbian, was suggested in the geological timescale review 2012 edited by Gradstein et al., but as of February 2022, this has not yet been officially adopted by the IUGS.

## Paleogeography

The supercontinent Columbia may have formed at the end of this period.
# Elvira Menéndez (died 1022)

Elvira Menéndez (Portuguese and Galician: Elvira Mendes; c. 996 – 2 December 1022) was a queen consort of Leon by marriage to King Alfonso V.

## Life

She was a member of the highest ranks of the nobility of Portugal and Galicia as the daughter of count Menendo González, Count of Portucale and his wife Toda Moniz (also known as Tutadomna, Tota).
She became Queen of León as the wife of King Alfonso V with whom she was raised as a child. Her father, Menendo, was a member of the curia regis of King Bermudo II of León and the tutor and co-regent, jointly with Queen Elvira Garcia, of Infante Alfonso, who later ruled as Alfonso V of León.
Queen Elvira died on 2 December 1022 and was buried in the Royal Pantheon of the Basilica of San Isidoro in León.

## Children

Elvira had two children with Alfonso V whom she married in 1013:
* Bermudo III of León, killed in 1037 in the Battle of Tamarón by count Ferdinand who was married to Sancha, Bermudo's sister;
* Sancha of León, queen of León and the wife of Ferdinand I.
# Bisset Hawkins Medal

The Bisset Hawkins Medal is a triennial award made by the Royal College of Physicians of London to acknowledge work done in the preceding ten years in advancing sanitary science or promoting public health. It is named after Francis Bisset Hawkins (1796–1884), a distinguished London physician and is presented after the Harveian Oration.
The medal, made of gold, was endowed by Captain Edward Wilmot Williams in 1896.

## Medallists

Medallists have been:
* 1899: James Burn Russell [Wikidata]
* 1902: William Henry Power
* 1905: Patrick Manson
* 1908: Sir Shirley Forster Murphy [Wikidata]
* 1911: Clement Dukes
* 1914: Sir Ronald Ross for his researches on malaria
* 1917: Sir Arthur Newsholme
* 1920: Sir William Heaton Hamer
* 1923: Sir Thomas Morison Legge
* 1926: Sir Ambrose Thomas Stanton
* 1929: Sir Edward Mellanby
* 1932: Thomas Henry Craig Stevenson
* 1935: Sir George Newman
* 1938: Major Greenwood
* 1941: Sir Frederick Norton Kay Menzies
* 1944: Brigadier J. A. Sinton
* 1947: Christopher Howard Andrewes
* 1950: Sir William Wilson Jameson
* 1953: William Norman Pickles
* 1956: Graham Selby Wilson
* 1959: Percy Stocks
* 1962: Sir Richard Doll, for contributions to preventative medicine
* 1965: Sir George Edward Godber
* 1968: Charles Montague Fletcher [Wikidata]
* 1971: Sir Derrick Melville Dunlop
* 1974: Patrick Joseph Lawther [Wikidata]
* 1977: Major John Alistair Dudgeon [Wikidata]
* 1980: Jeremy Noah Morris
* 1983: Abraham Manie Adelstein
* 1986: Geoffrey Arthur Rose
* 1989: Sir Donald Acheson
* 1992: Rosemary Rue
* 1995: Sir Kenneth Charles Calman
* 1998:
* 2001: Kay-Tee Khaw
* 2004: Michael Gideon Marmot
* 2007: John Britton [Wikidata]
* 2010:
* 2013: Nicholas Finer [Wikidata]
* 2016: Sir Ian Gilmore
* 2019: Dr Sarah R Anderson - for work to improve national TB Control
* 2022: Dr Deirdre Anne Buckley
# Geier v. American Honda Motor Co.

Geier v. American Honda Motor Company, 529 U.S. 861 (2000), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that a federal automobile safety standard pre-empted a stricter state rule. The Court held that Alexis Geier, who suffered severe injuries in a 1987 Honda Accord, could not sue Honda for failing to install a driver-side airbag – a requirement under District of Columbia tort law but not Federal law – because Federal law pre-empted the District's rule.

## Background

Alexis Geier suffered severe injuries in a 1987 Honda Accord that did not possess a driver's side airbag. Geier and her family sought damages under the District of Columbia tort law "claiming that American Honda Motor Company was negligent in not equipping the Accord with a driver's side airbag." The District Court ruled in favor of Honda finding that "Geier's claims were expressly pre-empted by the Act." and created a conflict because the safety features of the 1987 Honda Accord were in compliance with Federal Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) 208, under the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act of 1966. The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit affirmed.

## Decision of the Supreme Court

Justice Stephen G. Breyer delivered the Court's 5–4 decision, which held: "[Geier's] 'no airbag' lawsuit conflicts with the objectives of FMVSS 208 and is therefore pre-empted by the Act." The dissent challenged the majority's "unprecedented use of inferences from regulatory history and commentary as a basis for implied pre-emption."
# Ordoño I of Asturias

Ordoño I (c. 821 – 27 May 866) was King of Asturias from 850 until his death. He was born in Oviedo, where he spent his early life in the court of Alfonso II. He was probably raised in Lugo, capital of the province of Galicia, where his father, Ramiro I, had been named governor. He received his education and military training there.
Ordoño was named governor of Galicia when his father went to Bardulia to marry his second wife, Paterna. While Ramiro was away, Alfonso II died, and the nobles elected Count Nepocian as king. Ordoño immediately began to raise an army to assist his father, in claiming the throne. He could not leave his post in Galicia to help, however, and his army went unused. When his father finally prevailed, he confirmed Ordoño in his heretofore provisional position. After his father's death in 850, Ordoño succeeded his father as king, becoming the first king of Asturias to ascend the throne without election. His first confrontation was with the Basques, who rebelled with the support of the Banu Qasi of Zaragoza. While returning to Oviedo after defeating the rebels, he received news of an impending Moorish assault on Bardulia. Before the Moors could attack, he met them near the Ebro and defeated them.
Ordoño later went to war against Musa ibn Musa, a Muslim Goth who had been consolidating his power and controlled Zaragoza, Albelda, Tudela, Huesca, and Toledo. According to the Chronicle of Alfonso III, Musa had placed his army at Monte Laturce, outside of Albelda, which he had recently fortified. Ordoño split his own army into two, with one half to siege Albelda and the other to combat Musa's forces. The result of the ensuing battle was a massacre; it was claimed that Musa's brother-in-law Garcia and over 10,000 of Musa's cavalrymen were killed, and Musa fled after nearly being killed himself. Musa's son, referred to as Lupo, supposedly subjugated himself to Ordoño upon learning of the result of the battle; he remained Ordoño's vassal for the rest of his life and fought alongside him against other Moors. Separately, he also defeated and imprisoned Moneror (also called Mazaros), king of Talamanca, as well as Zeth, king of Coria. He sacked both villages and took their inhabitants as slaves.
Ordoño additionally led the repopulation of the cities of Tui, Astorga, León, and Amaya, which had been left deserted after being conquered by Alfonso II. He died in Oviedo in 866 after suffering from gout, and was buried in the Cathedral of San Salvador. He was described as a beloved king. He was succeeded by his son, Alfonso III, who would eventually be referred to as the first "Emperor of Spain."
# Peter Katsis

Peter Katsis is an American music manager. He co-founded the management and production company Prospect Park, and was a founding partner of The Firm. He has managed artists including Jane's Addiction, Korn, the Backstreet Boys, Limp Bizkit and Morrissey.

## Career

Throughout the mid-to-late 1980s, Katsis worked as a talent buyer and promoter in Chicago, booking and promoting shows at venues like The Metro, Club C.O.D., and The Riviera Theatre. By 1989, he transitioned fully into artist management and relocated to Los Angeles, where he became a partner at The Firm, a major entertainment management company.
Katsis, at 23, discovered and managed the Chicago industrial alt-rock band Ministry, marking the start of his career. In the mid-1980s, he worked as an A&R executive at Trax Precision Records in Chicago. He was the primary booking agent for Chicago house acts Marshal Jefferson and Adonis.
After moving to Los Angeles, Katsis joined The Firm, a talent management company, where he managed careers of artists including Backstreet Boys, Korn, Enrique Iglesias, 30 Seconds to Mars, Snoop Dogg, Limp Bizkit, and Audioslave.
Since 2009, Katsis has managed artists including The Smashing Pumpkins, Jane’s Addiction, Morrissey, Liz Phair, and Bush.

### Current Work

Katsis is currently a partner at YM&U Group, a talent management company based in Beverly Hills. His current roster includes Bush, 5 Seconds of Summer, Fever 333, Jane’s Addiction, The Clockworks, and Liz Phair, among others.

## Notable Achievements

One of Katsis' most notable achievements was producing the first concert by an American rock band in Cuba as a cultural exchange event. With special permission granted by both U.S. President George W. Bush and Cuban President Fidel Castro, Audioslave performed a free concert in Havana in 2005, drawing over 70,000 attendees.
# Esperanto (Ryuichi Sakamoto album)

Esperanto is the fifth solo album by Ryuichi Sakamoto, released in 1985. It was commissioned for a dance of the same name by choreographer Molissa Fenley, which debuted in New York City in 1985. The experimental electronic music album includes layers of sampled voices, and marks a look back at Sakamoto's non-pop-oriented second solo album, B-2 Unit. The album includes contributions from Yaz-Kaz and Arto Lindsay.
The album reached number 9 on the Oricon LP chart. Released in Japan on Midi, Inc.'s School label, Esperanto did not see a US release until 2021. The track "A Rain Song" bears a resemblance to the logo music later used by video game company Capcom in the 1990s.

## Reception

The performance debuted at the Joyce Theater to a mixed review from Anna Kisselgoff at The New York Times, who said of Sakamoto's music that the "sound often resembles a radio shut on and off." The album itself went on to receive more positive reviews. Jen Monroe of The Baffler said the sample-based music "manages to be unremittingly gorgeous, aggressive, angular, and lush."
Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic | |
AllMusic called it "one of Sakamoto's strangest, most uncompromising albums," using "weird, clipped samples of ethnic instruments, electronically modified sound bites, and distorted vocals," to build "a very icy soundscape that juts out at the listener like pointy modernist architecture." He said "Adelic Penguins" is "the closest Sakamoto gets to techno here, with bits and bops of a melody exploding over a propulsive bassline."
Logan Takahashi, writing for Vice in 2016, gave Esperanto a positive review, saying it is "perhaps my favorite album" of Sakamoto. He said the "sounds he uses here define so much of the ‘digital‑organic’ sound that still resonates especially well today" as if it "leapt over the following three decades and landed in some kind of dialogue with today." He lists "A Rain Song" as his favourite track from the album. He also said the music software Omnisphere "has a lot to owe to this album."

## Track listing

* "A Wongga Dance Song" – 6:18
* "The "Dreaming"" – 3:51
* "A Rain Song" – 2:28
* "Dolphins" – 3:21
* "A Human Tube" – 4:50
* "Adelic Penguins" – 6:06
* "A Carved Stone" – 8:23
* "Ulu Watu" – 3:57

## Personnel

* Ryuichi Sakamoto – composer, performer, producer, arranger, remixer
* Yaz-Kaz – percussion
* Arto Lindsay – electric guitar
* Shigeru Takise – engineering, remixing
* Naoto Shibuya – engineering assistant
* Tohru Kotetsu – mastering
* Hiroshi Okura – executive producer
* Tsuguya Inoue for Beans – art direction
# Halbert v. Michigan

Halbert v. Michigan, 545 U.S. 605 (2005), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that a Michigan law (Mich. Comp. Laws Ann. § 770.3a (West 2000)), which denied public counsel for defendants appealing a conviction on a plea, violated the equal protection and due process clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. In a majority opinion written by Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg, the Court affirmed that "a State is required to appoint counsel for an indigent defendant's first-tier appeal as of right."
# Charlotte Teller

Charlotte Rose Teller, later Hirsch (March 3, 1876 – December 30, 1953), also using the pen name John Brangwyn, was an American writer and socialist active in New York City. She graduated in 1899 from the University of Chicago (BA). Her book The Cage was published in 1907. Mark Twain had offered to endorse it "in the form of a letter to the actress Maude Adams". Mary Haskell introduced Teller and Kahlil Gibran to each other in January 1908.
   Charlotte Teller came from an eminent Colorado family. Her father, James [Harvey] Teller, later rose to become the Attorney-General of the state, while her uncle, Henry Teller, was a famous and respected Senator.
Her marriage to Frank Minitree Johnson ended in a divorce. On October 14, 1912, she married Gilbert Julius Hirsch (December 16, 1886 – May 3, 1926); they had a son, Richard, born September 12, 1914.
# 1923 Baylor Bears football team

The 1923 Baylor Bears football team represented Baylor University in the Southwest Conference (SWC) during the 1923 college football season. In its fourth and final season under head coach Frank Bridges, the Baylor football team compiled a 5–1–2 record (1–1–2 against conference opponents), finished in fourth place in the conference, and outscored opponents by a combined total of 104 to 39. The team's sole loss was to SMU by a 16–0 score in the final game of the season.
The team played its home games at Carroll Field in Waco, Texas. Roy Carter Williamson was the team captain.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| September 29 | at Simmons (TX)* | West Texas FairgroundsAbilene, TX | W 14–0 | 5,000 |
| October 6 | North Texas State Teachers* | Carroll FieldWaco, TX | W 33–7 | |
| October 13 | Howard Payne* | Carroll FieldWaco, TX | W 20–6 | |
| October 20 | at Arkansas | The HillFayetteville, AR | W 14–0 | |
| October 27 | Ouachita* | Cotton PalaceWaco, TX | W 16–3 | |
| November 3 | Texas A&M | Cotton PalaceWaco, TX (rivalry) | T 0–0 | |
| November 10 | Texas | Cotton PalaceWaco, TX (rivalry) | T 7–7 | |
| November 29 | at SMU | Fair Park StadiumDallas, TX | L 0–16 | 17,000 |
| *Non-conference game ||||||
# Nephrotoxicity

Nephrotoxicity is toxicity in the kidneys. It is a poisonous effect of some substances, both toxic chemicals and medications, on kidney function. There are various forms, and some drugs may affect kidney function in more than one way. Nephrotoxins are substances displaying nephrotoxicity.
Nephrotoxicity should not be confused with some medications predominantly excreted by the kidneys needing their dose adjusted for the decreased kidney function (e.g., heparin, lithium).

## Types of toxicity
### Cardiovascular

* General: diuretics, β-blockers, vasodilator agents
* Local: ACE inhibitors, ciclosporin, tacrolimus.

### Direct tubular effect

* Proximal convoluted tubule: Aminoglycoside antibiotics (e.g., gentamicin), amphotericin B, cisplatin, radiocontrast media, immunoglobulins, mannitol
* Distal tubule: NSAIDs (e.g. aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac), ACE inhibitors, ciclosporin, lithium salts, cyclophosphamide, amphotericin B
* Tubular obstruction: sulphonamides, methotrexate, aciclovir, diethylene glycol, triamterene.

### Acute interstitial nephritis

Main article : Acute interstitial nephritis
* β-lactam antibiotics, vancomycin, rifampicin, sulphonamides, ciprofloxacin, NSAIDs, ranitidine, cimetidine, furosemide, thiazides, phenytoin.

### Chronic interstitial nephritis

* Lithium salts
* Ciclosporin

### Acute glomerulonephritis

Drug-induced glomerular disease is not common but there are a few drugs that have been implicated. Glomerular lesions occur primarily through immune-mediated pathways rather than through direct drug toxicity.
* Heroin and Pamidronate are known to cause focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
* Gold salts therapy can cause membranous nephropathy
* Penicillamine

### Causes of diabetes insipidus

* Lithium salts
* Amphotericin B—reversible at low doses, irreversible at high doses
* Fluoride
* Demeclocycline
* Foscarnet

### Other nephrotoxins

* Lead, uranium, mercury, and cadmium salts
* Aristolochic acid, found in some plants and in some herbal supplements derived from those plants, has been shown to have nephrotoxic effects on humans.
* Rhubarb contains some nephrotoxins which can cause inflammation of the kidneys in some people.
* Fumaric acid, aka food additive E297, is nephrotoxic in high doses

## Diagnosis

Nephrotoxicity is usually monitored through a simple blood test. A decreased creatinine clearance indicates poor kidney function. In interventional radiology, a patient's creatinine clearance levels are all checked prior to a procedure.
Serum creatinine is another measure of kidney function, which may be more useful clinically when dealing with patients with early kidney disease. Normal creatinine level is between 80 - 120 μmol/L.

## Etymology

The word nephrotoxicity (/ˌnɛfroʊtɒkˈsɪsɪti/) uses combining forms of nephro- + tox- + -icity, yielding "kidney poisoning".
# The Strangers: Chapter 3

The Strangers: Chapter 3 is an upcoming American horror film directed by Renny Harlin, and written by Alan R. Cohen and Alan Freedland. It stars Madelaine Petsch and is the fifth film in The Strangers film series. It is the final installment of a new trilogy of films, and the direct sequel to The Strangers: Chapter 2, with the plot centering around a couple who come into contact with the three psychopathic masked strangers and the aftermath.

## Cast

* Madelaine Petsch as Maya Lucas

## Production

Principal photography on all three films commenced in September 2022 in Bratislava, Slovakia and wrapped in November 2022. Harlin told Entertainment Weekly that it was "the challenge of a lifetime, but I also really embraced it. On a Monday morning, I could be shooting the second chapter, and Monday afternoon I could be shooting the first chapter, and Tuesday morning I could be shooting the third chapter. it was incredibly demanding for the actors, for the continuity in terms of the make-up and wardrobe, and for my director of photography, because we wanted to create a visual language that develops so that the movies get bigger, more epic, as we go [on]. It just kept all of our juices pumping all the time".
# Heck v. Humphrey

Heck v. Humphrey, 512 U.S. 477 (1994), was a landmark case in which the United States Supreme Court held that "in order to recover damages for allegedly unconstitutional conviction or imprisonment, or for other harm caused by actions whose unlawfulness would render a conviction or sentence invalid, a §1983 plaintiff must prove that the conviction or sentence has been reversed on direct appeal, expunged by executive order, declared invalid by a state tribunal authorized to make such determination, or called into question by a federal court's issuance of a writ of habeas corpus".