OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# John Charles (composer)

John Joseph Charles (4 November 1940 – 7 May 2024) was a New Zealand film composer, conductor, and orchestrator. He created a number of musical works for the New Zealand cinema of the 1980s, 1990s and 2000s, including compositions for films such as Goodbye Pork Pie, Utu, The Quiet Earth, A Soldier's Tale or Spooked.

## Life and career

Born in Wellington, Charles studied art at the Victoria University of Wellington. At the same time, he played jazz music in the university club. During his studies, he worked as a newspaper journalist and as a programmer for the New Zealand Broadcasting Service. With a Bachelor of Music degree, he returned to NZBC and worked as a producer and director. With experience directing a television play in 1973 and directing two episodes of a comedy series, he moved to Australia in 1974 and composed the music for his first television film, The God Boy.
The director with whom Charles worked most often in his career was jazz trumpeter and filmmaker Geoff Murphy. Their acquaintance dates back to 1966 and Murphy's first film, the unfinished children's musical The Magic Hammer. The two starred together as part of the 1970s touring group Blerta and on the Murphy-directed TV show of the same name. Together they turned to the realization of several New Zealand cinema projects in the late 1979s and early 1980s. While Murphy was directing, Charles composed the soundtracks to the films Goodbye Pork Pie, for which Charles wrote a jazz score, the Māori drama Utu, which has a predominantly symphonic score, and the dystopian, award-winning science fiction drama The Quiet Earth, in which he also processed avant-garde and experimental sounds in addition to symphonic ones. Director Murphy and leading actor Bruno Lawrence received several awards for the film The Quiet Earth, including the New Zealand Film and TV Award. Finally, in 2004, the mystery drama Spooked starring Cliff Curtis was created, the last joint work by Charles and Murphy.
In 1996, Charles joined the Australian Film and Broadcasting School as composer-in-residence, where he taught composition for more than a decade.
He died at home, surrounded by his family, after a struggle with dementia. He had married Judy Robins, whose sister Pat had married Geoff Murphy.

## Select filmography

* 1977: Wild Man
* 1979: Jack Winter's Dream (based on a 1959 play by James K. Baxter)
* 1980: Goodbye Pork Pie
* 1983: Utu
* 1984: Constance
* 1985: The Quiet Earth
* 1988: Zombie Brigade
* 1989: A Soldier's Tale
* 1993: Bread & Roses
* 1994: The Last Tattoo
* 2004: Spooked
# Wilkethöchi

The Wilkethöchi (or simply Wilket) (1,172 m) is a mountain of the Appenzell Alps, overlooking Dicken in the canton of St. Gallen.
A T1 hiking trail leads to its summit, making it an accessible destination for hikers. It is part of the Necki Route 1, which connects Mogelsberg, Ebersol, Wimpfel, and Dicken, with the nearest mountain hut, Grillhütte Aeuel, located 1,589 meters east of the summit.
# The Ring of Destiny

The Ring of Destiny is a 1915 American Western film, directed by and starring Cleo Madison.

## Cast

* Cleo Madison
* Joe King
* Hoot Gibson
* William Steele as William Gettinger
# Max Jakobson

Max Jakobson (September 30, 1923 – March 9, 2013) was a Finnish diplomat and journalist of Finnish-Jewish descent. Jakobson was an instrumental figure in shaping Finland's policy of neutrality during the Cold War.
Max Jakobson was born in 1923 in Viipuri, Finland (now Vyborg, Russia), as son of Finnish-Jewish lawyer Jonas Jakobson and his ethnic Finnish wife Helmi (née Virtanen). He began his career as a journalist. He worked at the BBC. From 1953 to 1974 he was employed by the Finnish Ministry for Foreign Affairs eventually acting as Finland's ambassador to the United Nations in 1965-1971 and Finland's Ambassador to Sweden in 1971−1974. Jakobson ran for United Nations Secretary-General in the 1971 selection. He was one of three candidates to receive the required 9 votes in the Security Council, but he was vetoed by the Soviet Union.
Jakobson was active as a commentator on Finnish politics, having written several books and numerous articles on Finnish political history and contemporary Finnish politics. He also acted as chairman of the Estonian International Commission for Investigation of Crimes Against Humanity investigating Communist and Nazi crimes in Estonia.

## Works

* Jakobson, Max (1961). The Diplomacy of the Winter War: An Account of the Russo–Finnish War, 1939–1940. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
* Englanti valinkauhassa (1952)
* Diplomaattien talvisota (1955)
* Kuumalla linjalla (1968)
* Paasikivi Tukholmassa (1978). ISBN 951-1-05126-1.
* Veteen piirretty viiva (1980). ISBN 951-1-06100-3.
* 38. kerros (1983). ISBN 951-1-07565-9.
* Jakobson, Max (1987). Finland: Myth and Reality. Helsinki: Otava.
* Vallanvaihto (1992). ISBN 951-1-12288-6.
* Finland in the New Europe (1998)
* Väkivallan vuodet, 20. vuosisadan tilinpäätös (1999). ISBN 951-1-13369-1.
* Pelon ja toivon aika, 20. vuosisadan tilinpäätös (2001). (ISBN 951-1-16581-X.
* Tilinpäätös, 20. vuosisadan tilinpäätös (2003). ISBN 951-1-18856-9.
* Tulevaisuus? (2005). ISBN 951-1-20354-1.
* Kohtalonvuodet – Suomi nousi, taipui ja selvisi (2008). ISBN 978-951-0-33113-2.
# Maga Bo

Maga Bo (born Bo Anderson in Seattle, Washington) is an American Brazilian DJ, producer, sound engineer and ethnomusicologist. Though he currently resides in Rio de Janeiro, he is constantly traveling around the World to research local rhythms. He's been to over 40 countries with this purpose. His music is a fusion of many styles such as hip-hop, ragga, grime, bhangra, raï, batucada, coco, samba, dubstep, maculelê, jongo, capoeira, dub and kuduro.

## Career

Maga Bo moved to Rio de Janeiro in 1999. His first contact with Brazilian music was back in his hometown Seattle, through Brazilian musician and professor Jovino Santos Neto and Jeff Busch, who invited him for a batucada. At that time, Bo had no knowledge on Brazilian music, but Neto taught him a couple of things, starting his relationship with the genres from that country. He then started to make musical trips around the World - one of them saw him going from Cairo to Cape Town in a 20-country tour, hence the strong African influences in his works. The first movement which caught his attention was the Senegalese hip hop. Such trips to Africa resulted in his first full-length solo album, Archipelagoes, recorded entirely in that content and released in 2008.
His earliest releases were collaborative albums with Filastine: the first came in 2001 and consisted of Indian, Bangladeshi and Sri Lankan music works recorded between 1997 and 1999. In 2005 came Lost & Stolen Goods (2005), a live mix by the same duo, but then known as Sonar Calibrado.
His first solo work was the EP Tudo Bem, released in 2003 via Tru Thoughts. In 2007, he released another EP and a mix album, both called Confusion of Tongues, via his current Soot Records. In 2012, he released his second full-length album, Quilombo do Futuro, featuring many guest performances.
In 2014, his song "No Balanço da Canoa" was featured at the soundtrack of the next-generation version of Grand Theft Auto V, more precisely at radio WorldWide FM.
In 2022, he released his third studio album, Amor (É Revolução) (which translates as "Love (Is Revolution)").

## Discography
### Solo
#### EPs and mix albums

* Tudo Bem (EP, 2003)
* Confusion of Tonges (EP, 2007)
* Confusion of Tonges (mix album, 2007)

#### Studio albums

* Archipelagoes (2008)
* Quilombo do Futuro (2012)
* Amor (É Revolução) (2022)

### Collaborations
#### with AudioFile Collective

* Do Not Spit Here or There: A Noise Primer on the Indian Subcontinent (2001)

#### with Sonar Calibrado

* Lost & Stolen Goods (2005)
# Meehambee Dolmen

The Meehambee Dolmen is a megalithic portal tomb, dating from around 3500 BC, located in County Roscommon, Ireland.
Two local schoolchildren unearthed two stone axes in the 1960s.
Initially supported on six upright portals, 2.3 metres high, the capstone is estimated to weigh twenty-four tonnes. The portal stone supporting the back of the capstone has collapsed, allowing the capstone to slide backward out of position and causing the doorstone to collapse. As a result, the capstone now rests at a 45-degree angle.
It is thought that these tombs, of which over 1,200 have been identified in Ireland, were either the burial place of a single important king or chieftain or perhaps the tombs of several tribe members who inhabited the area in the Neolithic era.
It was known locally as Leabaidh Éirn in the 1930s.

## Location

The tomb is located in County Roscommon, a few hundred metres from the M6 motorway. It is accessed by a bridle path off a local road from the R362 regional road in the village of Bellanamullia on the western outskirts of Athlone.

## Gallery

* Meehambee Dolmen
* Meehambee Dolmen
* Meehambee Dolmen
* Camouflaged in moss, hardly visible on the bridle path
* Information panel at site entrance
# Sony Xperia Z1 Compact

The Sony Xperia Z1 Compact is an Android smartphone produced by Sony. The Z1 Compact has a 4.3 inch display and is released as a cheaper and smaller version of the flagship Xperia Z1 which features a 5-inch display. The Z1 Compact is the first Sony smartphone to use an IPS panel, which improves markedly upon the poor viewing angles of the Xperia Z1 and its flagship predecessors like the Xperia Z and Xperia ZL.
The Japanese version of the Z1 Compact, dubbed the Sony Xperia Z1 f (SO-02F), was unveiled on 10 October 2013 and was released on 19 December 2013 exclusively for NTT DoCoMo. The international Z1 Compact was subsequently unveiled during a press conference at CES 2014 in Las Vegas on 6 January 2014 and was first released in Sweden on 24 January 2014; entering more markets in February and March 2014.

## Hardware

Like its larger sibling, the Z1 Compact is waterproof and dust proof, and has an IP rating of IP55 and IP58. The key highlight of the Z1 Compact is its 20.7 megapixel Exmor RS camera, paired with Sony's in-house G lens and its image processing algorithm, called BIONZ. The phone also comes with a dedicated shutter button and has an aluminum unibody design, with a glass front and a plastic rear. The product white paper for this device was updated in mid-February 2014 to reflect the use of plastic on the rear panel, rather than the initially reported glass. It is now running on Android 5.1.1, which is its last update.
# Slavko Aleksić

Slavko Aleksić (Serbian: Славко Алексић; born 1 September 1956) is a Bosnian Serb Chetnik commander (vojvoda) who commanded the New Sarajevo Chetnik Detachment of the Army of Republika Srpska during the Bosnian War.

## Biography

Aleksić was born in 1956 in Bogdašići, near the Herzegovinian town of Bileća. He spent most of his life in Sarajevo, where he studied law and later worked in a post office.
He was one of the founders of the Chetnik movement in Sarajevo in 1990. Since 1990, Aleksić has been a member of the Serbian Radical Party led by Vojislav Šešelj. After the Sarajevo wedding attack on 1 March 1992 and the start of the Bosnian War, he became the commander of the New Sarajevo Chetnik Detachment of the Army of Republika Srpska based in Grbavica. He was appointed vojvoda by Vojislav Šeselj on 13 May 1993 and by Momčilo Đujić on 27 January 1999. He distinguished himself in the battles around Grbavica, and was wounded three times. Among other things, with the New Sarajevo Chetnik Detachment, he held Serb positions at the Jewish cemetery, where the fiercest fighting took place at the demarcation line between Serb Sarajevo and Sarajevo and between the Army of Republika Srpska and Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina. After the Operation Deliberate Force in 1995, and after the signing of the Dayton Agreement, in March 1996, he led the withdrawal of the Army of Republika Srpska and Serbs from Grbavica.
After the war he settled in the woods around Bileća and is an active member of the Ravna Gora Movement of Republika Srpska.
# Robert Brichenok

Robert Ivanovich Brichenok (Russian: Роберт Иванович Бриченок Belarusian: Роберт Іванавіч Брычонак 17 January – 5 February 1972) was a Soviet artillery lieutenant general. He took part in World War I, Russian Civil war, Winter war and World War II.

## Gallery

* With counter admiral Philipp Bulykin (right)
* With Bulykin's grandson in Pavlovsk Park painting, June 1968

## Awards

* Order of Lenin № 36030
* 4 orders of the Red Banner
* Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky 1st class № 198
* Order of Kutuzov 2nd class № 711
* Medal "For the Defence of Leningrad"
* Medal "For the Defence of the Caucasus"
* Jubilee Medal "XX Years of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army"
* Foreign awards:
** Commemorative Medal of the Battle of Dukla Pass (Czechoslovakia)
** Medal of Victory and Freedom 1945 (Poland)
** Medal for Participation In The Patriotic War 1944-1945 (Bulgary)
Awards of Robert Brichenok was sold with documents at "Baldwin's" auction for $100 000 in 2006.
# G. G. Dillard

George G. Dillard (born 1839) was an American lawyer, soldier, and politician. He served as a sergeant in the Confederate Army, a commander in Mississippi's National Guard, and a leading delegate at the 1890 Mississippi Constitutional Convention. He represented the 19th District in the Mississippi State Senate from 1884 to 1892. He represented Noxubee County at the 1890 Mississippi Constitutional Convention.
He was born in the year 1839 in Oktibbeha County, Mississippi.
He was a National Guard commander at the unveiling ceremonies for a monument to Confederate Army veterans in Jackson, Mississippi.
# Irving Township, Michigan

Irving Township is a civil township of Barry County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 3,734 at the 2020 census.

## History

Irving Township was established in 1839.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 36.1 square miles (93.5 km$^2$), of which 35.8 square miles (92.6 km$^2$) is land and 0.35 square miles (0.9 km$^2$), or 0.92%, is water. The Thornapple River, a tributary of the Grand River, runs through the southwest corner of the township, and there is a dam operated by the Commonwealth Power Company across it in the unincorporated village of Irving within the township.

## Demographics

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,682 people, 901 households, and 746 families residing in the township. The population density was 74.7 inhabitants per square mile (28.8/km$^2$). There were 931 housing units at an average density of 25.9 per square mile (10.0/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the township was 97.13% White, 0.63% African American, 0.41% Native American, 0.22% Asian, 0.41% from other races, and 1.19% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.67% of the population.
There were 901 households, out of which 42.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 72.0% were married couples living together, 5.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 17.1% were non-families. 12.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.98 and the average family size was 3.25.
In the township the population was spread out, with 31.4% under the age of 18, 6.9% from 18 to 24, 33.7% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 6.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 106.2 males.
The median income for a household in the township was $50,532, and the median income for a family was $52,358. Males had a median income of $40,500 versus $25,000 for females. The per capita income for the township was $17,523. About 1.5% of families and 1.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.2% of those under age 18 and 3.3% of those age 65 or over.
# Bunsen–Kirchhoff Award

The Bunsen–Kirchhoff Award is a prize for "outstanding achievements" in the field of analytical spectroscopy. It has been awarded since 1990 by the German Working Group for Applied Spectroscopy, and is endowed with €2500 by PerkinElmer, Germany. The prize is named in honor of chemist Robert Bunsen and physicist Gustav Kirchhoff.

## Prizewinners

* 1990 Günter Snatzke, Germany
* 1991 Hannes Aiginger, Austria; Peter Wobrauschek]], Austria; Joachim Knoth]], Germany; Heinrich Schwenke]], Germany
* 1992 Kurt Laqua, Germany; Arnulf Röseler]], Germany
* 1993 Boris L'vov, Russia
* 1994 D. Bruce Chase, United States; W. J. Orville-Thomas, Great Britain
* 1995 Paul W.J.M. Boumans, Netherlands
* 1996 Robert "Bobby" Dakine, United States
* 1998 Annemie Bogaerts, Belgium
* 2000 Dieter Fischer, Germany
* 2001 John A. McLean, United States
* 2002 Jürgen Popp, Germany
* 2003 Sergei Boulyga, Germany
* 2004 Ewa Bulska, Poland
* 2005 Nicolas Bings, Germany
* 2006 Volker Deckert, Germany
* 2007 Jörg Bettmer, Germany
* 2008 Sebastian Schlücke, Germany
* 2009 Joachim Koch, Switzerland
* 2010 Janina Kneipp, Germany
* 2011 Daniel Pröfrock, Germany
* 2012 Christoph Haisch, Germany
* 2013 Maria Montes-Bayón, Spain
* 2014 Oliver Reich, Germany
* 2015 Martín Resano, Spain
* 2016 Torsten Frosch, Germany
* 2017 Jacob T. Shelley, United States
* 2018 Zsuzsanna Heiner [d], Hungary
* 2020 Natalia P. Ivleva
* 2022 Carlos Abad Andrade

## In Popular Culture

The Steely Dan song "What a Shame About Me" from the album Two Against Nature mentions that an old acquaintance, "won the Bunsen Prize".
# Rhodopidae

Rhodopidae is a family of sea slugs. Rhodopids are small, meiofaunal organisms with worm-like body plans that differ considerably from a typical gastropod body plan, to the point that Rhodope was at one point classified as a flatworm. They have no shell. Two genera are currently recognized within the family, Rhodope and Helminthope. Helminthope has been described as the most worm-like gastropod.
Rhodopids have worm-like bodies with no appendages. They often have red, orange, or purple bands, in varying pattern depending on the species, though some species are entirely white. The species range in length from 1.5 to 8 mm, although they are capable of considerably contracting themselves. The length-to-width ratios of the body while extended to crawl is around 9 in Rhodope and 25 in Helminthope. Their bodies contain spicules below the epidermis that may provide structural support for the animal. The nervous system of rhodopids has accessory ganglia, as in several other lineages of interstitial gastropod.
Some rhodopid species are epibenthic, while others, particularly the genus Helminthope, are fully interstitial organisms.
Rhodopids are the only known predators of placozoans, which make up the primary component of their diet. At least some species, such as Rhodope placozophagus, can subsist entirely on a diet of placozoans; they are apparently not harmed by the toxins present in placozoans.
Rhodopids belong to the basal heterobranch clade Mesoneura. They are not closely related to any other lineage of sea slugs; their closest living relatives are sea snails of the family Murchisonellidae. Although rhodopids lack a fossil record themselves, murchisonellids have a fossil record dating back to the Triassic, suggesting that rhodopids also date back as far. They may be one of the oldest lineages of slugs.
Rhodope, the type genus of the family, is named for Rhodope, a figure in Greek mythology.
# Brugklas

Within the Dutch education system, the brugklas (bridge year) is the first year in which a pupil enters who goes from primary school to secondary school. In order to make the transition from primary to secondary education as smooth as possible, the first year often gives a lot of explanation about how to learn and study, for example in a study lesson.
The brugklas is defined as a concept in the so-called Mammoetwet, but the system was already applied before that time. The word 'bridge' here refers to the bridging period between different school levels within a secondary school. For example, in many schools that offer multiple levels (eg vmbo-t, havo, vwo) it is possible to combine these levels into a first year class. Usual combinations are the bridging classes vmbo-t/havo and/or havo/vwo.
After the brugklas the student has to choose the definitive education level. Some schools offer a two- or even three-year "first year class", other schools with several levels do not offer a first year class at all, so in principle the choice in the first year is therefore final. For example, if the pupil is in a havo/vwo bridge class, the educational level is approximately between the level of havo and vwo. The aim of this is that the pupil gets an idea of the level of both levels during the first secondary school year, so that he can make a good choice at which level he belongs. The intention is that in this way the pupils no longer have to retain, but can move on to a less demanding type of education in the event of difficulties. On the other hand, it may surface students whose qualities did not surface clearly at the end of primary school.
Before the introduction of the Mammoetwet, the concept of a bridge year within the secondary education system meant a type of education within primary education, for pupils who, given their age, were not considered mature enough for admission to secondary education. To do this, they usually still had a year of U.L.O. after completing regular primary education. or go through the first grade.
# Sacred Heart Chaldean Church

The Sacred Heart Chaldean Church (Imperial Aramaic: ܥܕܬܐ ܕܠܒܗ ܕܡܪܢ ܕܟܠܕܝ̈ܐ, romanized: ʿēttāʾ d-lebbēh d-māran d-ḵaldāyēʾ) was a Chaldean Catholic church located in Chaldean Town, a neighborhood in Detroit on 7 Mile Road. It was built in 1975 using Assyrian Revival architecture. In 1979, Iraqi former president Saddam Hussein donated $250,000 to the church and was given the key to Detroit. The church’s pastor, Jacob Yasso, calls the former Iraqi president “a very generous, warm man who just let too much power go to his head". The church was closed in 2015, as the local Assyrian population was very thinned out, and so it moved to a new facility in Warren, Michigan as "Our Lady Of Perpetual Help". The building is being sold, with a "for sale" sign visible from a Google street view from October, 2015.
The old and new churches are part of the Chaldean Catholic Eparchy of Saint Thomas the Apostle of Detroit.
# The Drew Pearson Show

The Drew Pearson Show was an American television program originally broadcast on ABC and later on the now defunct DuMont Television Network. The series ran from 1952 to 1953. It was a public affairs program hosted by political columnist Drew Pearson.
The program aired Sunday nights at 11 (Eastern Standard Time) on ABC. It was sponsored by Carter Products. When the series moved to the DuMont network, it aired on Wednesday nights at 7:30. The series was cancelled in mid-March 1953.