# Calinog

Calinog, officially the Municipality of Calinog (Kinaray-a: Banwa kang Calinog, Hiligaynon: Banwa sang Calinog, Tagalog: Bayan ng Calinog), is a municipality in the province of Iloilo, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 62,853 people.

## History

Calinog, is located in the central part of the Island of Panay. Calinog was already a developing community when the Spaniards came between the 16th and the 17th Century. In the early 18th Century, Calinog was established as a permanent settlement The Spanish Colonial Government then declared Calinog a town in 1763.
A new colonial power, the Americans introduced important changes in the civil affairs of the municipality in the early 1900s. The most significant was annexing Calinog as part of the Municipality of Passi (now a component city of Iloilo) from 1904 to 1920. Through intense lobbying by prominent leaders, Calinog was restored to its original status as a separate Municipality in January 1921.
It was in the late 1960s when Calinog stepped on the springboard of development as a progressive Municipality bustling with business and economic opportunities. In 1969, with the sugar industry boom, the political leadership decided to split a portion of the town into a separate municipality, the Municipality of Bingawan.
Among the founders of the old communities in the uplands were the descendants of the families who fought the Spanish colonizers in the settlements of Bugasong and Lawaan, Province of Antique, in the 16th Century (their colorful folklore and the oral tradition of their historical journeys became a part of the timeless epic, “Hinilawod”). Mt. Dila Dila in Barangay Alibunan is best remembered as a strong hold of Filipino guerillas and soldiers during World War II under the command of a Calinognon Major Julian C. Chaves. Here, the fiercest battles in the annals of war on the island of Panay were fought against the Japanese Imperial Army.

## Geography

The town of Calinog nestles in the central part of Panay Island. It is the last municipality in the central part of Iloilo Province, which adjourns the province of Capiz. It is located at geographical coordinates 11°15′ latitude and 122°30′ longitudes. It has a total land area of 27,446 hectares, representing about 5% of the total land area (532,297) of the entire Province.
Calinog is 58 kilometres (36 mi) from Iloilo City and 75 kilometres (47 mi) from Roxas City.

### Soil

Around 75% of the municipality's slope is above 8% or category C. The municipality, however, is mainly agricultural. There are four (4) types of soil in Calinog: 1) Umingan fine sandy loam; 2) Alimodian clay loam; 3) Bantog clay loam and 4) Alimodian soil (undifferentiated).

### Topography

The municipality has mixed topographic reliefs. The westernmost portion is very mountainous. The central and northern areas have gently sloping reliefs, while the eastern and southern portions are flat lands or plains with also gently sloping reliefs. All urban barangays are located in the lowland area.
The slope category of the municipality are: A (0-8%) 5,049 hectares; Category B (3-5%) 1,644 hectares; Category C (5-8%) 9,056 hectares; Category D (8-15%) 4,199 hectares and Category E (15-18%) 6,971 hectares.

### Water sources

Jalaur River is the main source of water supply most specially for irrigation purposes considering the fact that this river is one of the biggest in terms of source volume in the whole Panay Island. For Potable Water, there is one pumping station at Barangay Bo. Calinog as its main source and one back-up pumping station at Barangay Simsiman along the Jalaur River.

#### Jalaur River Multipurpose Project II

In July 2024, President Marcos, Jr. with Franklin Drilon launched the PHP19 billion Jalaur River Multipurpose Project II in Calinog. As of June 2024, the National Irrigation Administration said the entire project is 75.51% finished and will operate by mid-2025. JRMP II is composed of a 38.5-meter afterbay dam, a 109-meter-high dam, a 10-meter river catch dam, and 214-kilometer irrigation canals covering 17 municipalities of Panay.

### Climate

Climate data for Calinog, Iloilo :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 29 (84) | 31 (88) | 32 (90) | 33 (91) | 31 (88) | 30 (86) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 29 (84) | 30 (86) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 22 (72) | 22 (72) | 22 (72) | 23 (73) | 25 (77) | 25 (77) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 24 (75) | 23 (73) | 22 (72) | 23 (74) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 48 (1.9) | 41 (1.6) | 58 (2.3) | 82 (3.2) | 223 (8.8) | 300 (11.8) | 346 (13.6) | 307 (12.1) | 311 (12.2) | 292 (11.5) | 167 (6.6) | 81 (3.2) | 2,256 (88.8) |
| Average rainy days | 11.4 | 7.7 | 11.3 | 15.4 | 25.7 | 28.5 | 29.5 | 28.7 | 28.3 | 28.7 | 21.8 | 15.2 | 252.2 |
| Source: Meteoblue (Use with caution: this is modeled/calculated data, not measured locally.) ||||||||||||||
Calinog falls under the third type consisting of seasons, which are not very pronounced, relatively dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the year. The maximum rain periods are not very pronounced, with a short dry season lasting only from one to three months. It is influenced by the southeast monsoons, which one of the principal air streams affecting the country. Its exposure to prevailing winds maybe influenzed by the local topography.
Calinog is relatively dry from November to April and wet during the rest of the year. The maximum rain periods are not very heavy with a short dry season lasting from one to three months. The climate is influenced by the southeast monsoons, one of the principal air streams impacting the country. Local topography impacts its exposure to prevailing winds.

### Barangays

Calinog is politically subdivided into 59 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.
The Poblacion area is composed of 4 barangays, namely: Poblacion Centro, Poblacion Ilaya, Poblacion Delgado and Poblacion Rizal Ilaud. There is a proposed additional 5 barangays to be included in the urban land area. They are Barangays Carvasana, Dalid, Simsiman, Bo. Calinog, and Libot. They will constitute the greater Poblacion area.
* Agcalaga
* Aglibacao
* Aglonok
* Alibunan
* Badlan Grande
* Badlan Pequeño
* Badu
* Balaticon
* Banban Grande
* Banban Pequeño
* Binolosan Grande
* Binolosan Pequeño
* Cabagiao
* Cabugao
* Cahigon
* Barrio Calinog
* Camalongo
* Canabajan
* Caratagan
* Carvasana
* Dalid
* Datagan
* Gama Grande
* Gama Pequeño
* Garangan
* Guinbonyugan
* Guiso
* Hilwan
* Impalidan
* Ipil
* Jamin-ay
* Lampaya
* Libot
* Lonoy
* Malaguinabot
* Malag-It
* Malapawe
* Malitbog Centro
* Mambiranan
* Manaripay
* Marandig
* Masaroy
* Maspasan
* Nalbugan
* Owak
* Poblacion Centro
* Poblacion Delgado
* Poblacion Rizal Ilaud
* Poblacion Ilaya
* Baje San Julian
* San Nicolas
* Simsiman
* Tabucan
* Tahing
* Tibiao
* Tigbayog
* Toyungan
* Ulayan
* Supanga

## Demographics

In the 2020 census, the population of Calinog, Iloilo, was 62,853 people, with a density of 230 inhabitants per square kilometre or 600 inhabitants per square mile.

### Ethnic groups

There are two ethnic groups identified. They are the Sulodnon or Bukidnon tribe and the Aeta. The Sulodnon or Bukidnon tribe comprises the thirteen (13) mountain barangays. The Aeta group resides in the different barangays of the municipality.

### Languages

The main local languages are Hiligaynon, Capiznon and Kinaray-a. Filipino and English are also used and understood by the local residents, but are seldom used every day.

## Tourism

Calinog is home to the Hirinugyaw-Suguidanonay Festival. From a Visayan term for "jubilation" or "rejoicing," "Hirinugyaw" was inspired by the Dinagyang Festival of Iloilo City and has become a feast with success for the people Calinog through a festivity showing the town's devotion to the Child Jesus. It is highlighted as it turns out in celebration for the feast of Santo Nio.People make effort to perform colorful cultural dances and other festive commemorative rites in His honor. The festival has given life to their faith and has become a growing devotion in their hearts. The dances performed are usually thought to be simple dances composed of repetitive, easy-to-learn steps. However, the presentation becomes highly complex with the incorporation of a Sugidanon — traditional stories on a town's history and culture narrated through chanting. It is used to highlight the dances in order to heighten the dramatic or comic effect of the presentation. As a whole, the festival functions to create or promote a sense of community as it continues to make the community feel part of a provincial or regional group to help them establish ties with their heritage.

## Economy

Poverty incidence of Calinog
* 10
* 20
* 30
* 40
* 50
* 60
* 2000 53.69
* 2003 42.46
* 2006 29.80
* 2009 29.64
* 2012 27.01
* 2015 28.30
* 2018 27.02
* 2021 26.79
* Source: Philippine Statistics Authority