OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# BMW G 310 GS

The BMW G 310 GS is a light-weight dual-sport motorcycle developed jointly by BMW and TVS Motor Company of India. It is a sister model of the BMW G 310 R.

## History

In 2013 BMW announced they were collaborating with motorcycle manufacturer TVS for production of a series of sub-500 cc bikes in Tamil Nadu. These motorcycles were targeted for developing markets, markets with prominence of lower displacement bikes, and as entry-level sport bikes in developed markets. This was the first time that BMW Motorrad ventured into developing the sub-500 cc bikes.
BMW K03 was the code-name given to the first collaborative product of BMW-TVS. It was a test bike which was developed in India and sent to Germany for further testing and modifications.
In October 2015 in Brazil, the BMW G 310 Stunt was the first concept bike unveiled by BMW Motorrad.

## Specifications

BMW G 310 GS has a 313 cc (19.1 cu in) liquid-cooled four-stroke 4-valve single cylinder reverse-inclined DOHC engine, with a bore and stroke of 80.0 mm × 62.1 mm (3.15 in × 2.44 in). It has self start, static rev limiter, counterbalance shaft, wet sump, and electronic fuel injection and requires at least 91 RON petrol. It is compatible with up to 15% ethanol. The fuel capacity is 11 L (2.4 imp gal; 2.9 US gal).
It has a side-mounted inclined exhaust, a kickstand sensor, and a plastic skid plate.
The instrument panel consist of a monochrome LCD display with onboard computer, speedometer, tachometer, fuel level, gear indicator, and clock.
The graphics are implemented using decals.
It has a pillion seat, pillion footrests, but no pillion backrest. It also has a rear luggage rack.
The G 310 GS has a length of 2075 mm, width of 880 mm and height of 1230 mm, a wheelbase of 1420 mm, and a seat height of 835 mm. It has an upside down fork and a mono rear shock absorber with adjustable preload. The bike has a front 110/80 R19 and a rear 150/70 R17 Metzeler Tourance radial tubeless tyre and 5-spoke alloy rims. The braking of the bike features switchable dual-channel anti-lock braking system until the 2021 refresh, with the front using a single 300 mm disc, radially-bolted 4-piston fixed caliper brake and the rear, a single 240 mm disc, single-piston floating caliper brake. It has an axial front master brake cylinder. The brakes are made by ByBre.

## 2021 facelift

Since 2021, it is Euro 5 compliant and has an unswitchable dual-channel anti-lock braking system Idle Speed Control, electronic throttle control, and an assist-and-slipper clutch, as well as adjustable levers, LED headlight and indicators.

## 2022 facelift

In 2022, one new color option was introduced at an ex-showroom price of ₹3.1 lakh (US$3,500) in India.
# Palau de Gel

Palau de Gel is an arena in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, belonging to FC Barcelona. The 1,256 seating capacity arena is home to the ice hockey division of FC Barcelona. It is located between Mini Estadi and the Camp Nou, few meters north of the Palau Blaugrana.
The building occupies 3,650 square metres (39,300 sq ft) and the playing area is 61 metres (200 ft) long by 26 metres (85 ft) wide.

## History

Palau de Gel was opened on 23 October 1971, along with the Palau Blaugrana. It was designed by architects Francesc Cavaller and Josep Soteras. The arena hosted several international ice hockey and figure skating tournaments.
Palau de Gel has also been the scene of a World Fencing Championship and two World Roller Hockey category C championships. During the 1992 Summer Olympics, the indoor arena has served as a warm-up area for several sports including judo, taekwondo and roller hockey.
# Isabel de la Cruz

Isabel de la Cruz, was a Spanish mystic.
She was a co-founder of the Alumbrados movement.
She was the subject of a long heresy trial by the Spanish Inquisition, lasting between 1524 and 1529.
# Howling (The Angels album)

Professional ratings :
| Review scores ||
| Source | Rating |
| Collector's Guide to Heavy Metal | 7/10 |
Howling is the eighth studio album by Australian hard rock band The Angels, released in October 1986. The album charted at number 6 in Australia and it peaked at number 10 in New Zealand.

## Track listing

Credits adapted from the original LP release.

## Personnel
### The Angels

* Doc Neeson – lead vocals
* Rick Brewster – lead guitar, percussion on "Don't Waste My Time"
* Bob Spencer – rhythm guitar, backing vocals
* Jim Hilbun – bass guitar, saxophone, backing vocals, organ on "Did You Hurt Somebody", percussion on "Don't Waste My Time"
* Brent Eccles – drums

### Additional musicians

* Eddie Rayner – keyboards
* Swami Brown – percussion on "Don't Waste My Time"
* Mary Azzopardi – backing vocals on "Hide Your Face" and "Can't Take Anymore"
* Bridget O'Donoghue – backing vocals on "Hide Your Face" and "Can't Take Anymore"
* Greg Thorne – trumpet on "Standing over You" and "Don't Waste My Time"
* Tony Buchanan – tenor and baritone saxophones on "Standing over You" and "Don't Waste My Time"
* Herbie Canon – trombone on "Standing over You" and "Don't Waste My Time"

### Production

* Steve Brown – producer
* Andrew Scott, Al Wright – engineers
* Heidi Cannova – assistant engineer
* Bill Price – mixing at Wessex Sound Studios, London
* Deitmar – mixing assistant

## Certifications

Certifications for Howling :
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| Australia (ARIA) | Platinum | 70,000$^^$ |
| $^^$ Shipments figures based on certification alone. |||
# Laura Richards (advocate)

Laura Richards (born 1976) is a criminal behavioral analyst, and an international expert on domestic violence, stalking, sexual violence, homicide and risk assessment. Richards is the founder of Paladin in 2013, the world's first National Stalking Advocacy Service.
In 2014 Richards was awarded one of Marie Claire's 'Women At the Top'. Richards has a BSc in Psychology and Sociology, an MSc in Forensic and Legal Psychology and is a member of the British Psychological Society.
Richards' work, along with her involvement with the charity Protection Against Stalking is credited with helping to legislate anti-stalking laws and the coercive control law in the UK. Richards is often quoted saying stalking is, "murder in slow motion."

## Podcasts

Richards is the co-creator and co-host of the podcast Real Crime Profile distributed by Wondery.
She also created and currently hosts the podcast The Crime Analyst on AdLarge.

## Television

Richards is the co-creator and executive producer of the television series The Case of: JonBenét Ramsey on CBS in 2016 and The Case of: Caylee Anthony on Oxygen in 2018.
Richards was consulting producer and on screen expert on 'Dirty John, The Dirty Truth' on Oxygen and Netflix in 2019 and host of the six part show 'Killer in the Family' on Netflix in 2009.
Richards is Executive Producer for Jennifer 42.
# Poleñino

Poleñino is a municipality located in the province of Huesca, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 256 inhabitants.
During the Spanish Civil War a field hospital was installed by the British Medical Aid Unit in the building previously used as the village's cultural centre (Casa del Pueblo), owing to its proximity to the front line at Huesca. A diary was kept by Agnes Hodgson, an Australian nurse who worked at the hospital in 1937, providing a detailed account of conditions there. When she arrived back in Australia she told a reporter: “Never have I seen such dreadful wounds and suffering as those that result from warfare. What I have seen in Spain has made me a militant pacifist for ever.”
# Lisette van de Ven

Lisette van de Ven (born 7 August 1969) is a Dutch beach volleyball player. She competed in the women's tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics.
# Shahrak-e Emam Hoseyn, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari

Shahrak-e Emam Hoseyn (Persian: شهرك امام حسين) is a village in Shurab-e Tangazi Rural District of the Central District in Kuhrang County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 974 in 164 households. The following census in 2011 counted 1,120 people in 260 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 797 people in 228 households. It was the most populous village in its rural district.
# USS Indianapolis (LCS-17)

USS Indianapolis (LCS-17) is a Freedom-class littoral combat ship of the United States Navy. She is the fourth vessel in the navy named after Indianapolis, Indiana.

## Design

In 2002, the US Navy initiated a program to develop the first of a fleet of littoral combat ships. The Navy initially ordered two monohull ships from Lockheed Martin, which became known as the Freedom-class littoral combat ships after the first ship of the class, USS Freedom. Odd-numbered U.S. Navy littoral combat ships are built using the Freedom-class monohull design, while even-numbered ships are based on a competing design, the trimaran hull Independence-class littoral combat ship from General Dynamics. The initial order of littoral combat ships involved a total of four ships, including two of the Freedom-class design. Indianapolis is the tenth Freedom-class littoral combat ship to be built.
Indianapolis includes additional stability improvements over the original Freedom design; the stern transom was lengthened and buoyancy tanks were added to the stern to increase weight service and enhance stability. The ship will also feature automated sensors to allow "conditions-based maintenance" and reduce crew overwork and fatigue issues that Freedom had on her first deployment.

## Construction and career

Marinette Marine was awarded the contract to build the ship on 29 December 2010. Construction began on 18 July 2016 and she was launched on 18 April 2018. she is homeported to Naval Station Mayport, Florida and assigned to Littoral Combat Ship Squadron Two.
Indianapolis was commissioned in a ceremony at Burns Harbor, Indiana on 26 October 2019.
As of March 2020, Indianapolis is billeted to act in the mine countermeasures (MCM) role.
On the morning of September 27, 2024, while transiting the Red Sea with Arleigh Burke class destroyers USS Stockdale (DDG-106) and USS Spruance (DDG-111), she was attacked by roughly two dozen missiles and drones launched by Iranian backed Houthi rebels in Yemen. All missiles and drones were intercepted or missed their target outright.

## Awards

* Combat Action Ribbon - (Sep 2024)
# Borgie Hermida

John Carlos Matanguihan Hermida Jr., better known as Borgie Hermida, is a Filipino professional basketball coach and former player. He is the senior team manager for the Bataan Risers of the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL) and assistant coach of NLEX Road Warriors of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA).
He was drafted 17th overall in the 2010 PBA draft by the Barako Bull Energy Boosters. During his five seasons in college with the San Beda Red Lions, he won 4 titles from 2006 to 2008 and 2010. He has won 4 titles with the San Beda Red Lions 2006-2008 and 2010, and as a Mythical Five Member of NCAA Season 86 Before graduating from San Beda after 16 years of service to the school.

## Professional career

Hermida was drafted seventeenth overall by Barako Bull Energy Boosters in the 2010 PBA draft. However, Hermida was released by the team, now known as Shopinas.com Clickers at the end of the 2011–12 PBA Philippine Cup.
In 2012, after being released by Shopinas.com, the NLEX Road Warriors of the PBA Developmental League signed him. After NLEX's application to go to the PBA was approved, he was one of the players of the original NLEX team who went to play in the PBA.
In 2016, Hermida was signed by SCTEX Road Warriors as one its players for the Pilipinas Commercial Basketball League.

## PBA career statistics
### Season-by-season averages

| Year | Team | GP | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| 2010–11 | Barako Bull | 6 | 11.5 | .238 | .125 | 1.000 | 1.5 | .7 | .3 | .0 | 2.2 |
| 2011–12 | Shopinas.com | 9 | 9.9 | .259 | .000 | .500 | 1.1 | 1.7 | .8 | .1 | 1.7 |
| 2014–15 | NLEX | 7 | 7.1 | .308 | .250 | 1.000 | 1.0 | .4 | .1 | .0 | 1.7 |
| Career | | 22 | 9.5 | .262 | .118 | .857 | 1.2 | 1.0 | .5 | .1 | 1.8 |

## Personal life

He is the youngest of 5 siblings by his parents Carlos L. Hermida and Gliselda M. Hermida.
# AS Roma Primavera

AS Roma Primavera is the youth set-up of Italian club AS Roma. The under-19 team (Primavera) currently competes in the Campionato Primavera 1, as well as the Coppa Italia Primavera, and regularly compete in the continental UEFA Youth League (2014–15, 2015–16 and 2016–17).
Roma Primavera have enjoyed much success over the years, winning the Campionato Nazionale Primavera eight times, the Coppa Italia Primavera five times and Torneo di Viareggio thrice.
Players to have graduated from the AS Roma Primavera squad include Bruno Conti, Agostino Di Bartolomei, Giuseppe Giannini, Daniele De Rossi and record appearance holder and record goalscorer Francesco Totti.

## Honours

AS Roma Primavera honours :
| Type | Competition | Titles | Seasons/Years |
| Domestic | Campionato Nazionale Primavera | 8 | 1972–73, 1973–74, 1977–78, 1983–84, 1989–90, 2004–05, 2010–11, 2015–16 |
| Domestic | Coppa Italia Primavera | 6 | 1974, 1975, 1994, 2012, 2017, 2023 |
| Domestic | Supercoppa Primavera | 3 | 2012, 2016, 2023 |
| Worldwide | Torneo di Viareggio | 3 | 1981, 1983, 1991 |

## Players
### Current squad

    As of 10 March 2025.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 2 | DF | ESP | Buba Sangaré |
| 4 | DF | SEN | Mohamed Seck |
| 5 | DF | SVN | Lovro Golič |
| 6 | MF | SUI | Alessandro Romano |
| 7 | FW | ITA | Fabrizio Marazzotti |
| 8 | MF | CRO | Sergej Levak |
| 9 | FW | ITA | Giulio Misitano (vice-captain) |
| 10 | MF | ITA | Leonardo Graziani (captain) |
| 11 | FW | SVN | Luka Mlakar |
| 12 | GK | SVN | Lan Jovanović (on loan from Aluminij) |
| 13 | DF | ITA | Federico Nardin |
| 14 | DF | ITA | Jacopo Mirra |
| 16 | DF | ITA | Mattia Mannini |
| 17 | MF | ITA | Gianmarco Tumminelli |
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 18 | MF | ITA | Federico Coletta |
| 19 | DF | ITA | Filippo Reale |
| 21 | FW | ITA | Mattia Almaviva |
| 22 | DF | ITA | Cristian Cama |
| 23 | MF | ITA | Alessandro Di Nunzio |
| 24 | MF | ITA | Mattia Della Rocca |
| 25 | DF | ITA | Marco Litti |
| 26 | MF | CRO | Mate Ivković |
| 29 | DF | ITA | Tommaso Marchetti |
| 32 | GK | BUL | Atanas Kehayov |
| 34 | FW | IRL | Kevin Zefi |
| 40 | GK | USA | Giorgio De Marzi |
| 41 | GK | ITA | Alessio Marcaccini |

### Other players under contract

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
| No. | Pos. | Nation | Player |
| 1 | GK | ITA | Renato Marin |

### Associated clubs

AS Roma Primavera are associated with many local clubs and football schools and others across Italy and abroad. Most notably, the Totti Soccer School, L'Aquila and Serie D side, F.C. Rieti, whose home stadium Stadio Centro d'Italia – Manlio Scopigno is used by the Primavera for select matches including the UEFA Youth League.
# Battle of Mönninvaara

The Battle of Mönninvaara was a battle during the Finnish War of 1808–1809. The battle was fought between Swedish and Russian forces on 31 July 1808 at Mönninvaara.

## Background

In North Karelia real hostilities began only in the summer of 1808. A Russian detachment under the command of Major General Alexeyev attempting to march through Pälkjärvi to bypass Johan August Sandels and his troops in Toivola. Olli Tiainen gathered up all the people around Pielisjärvi and in boats the peasants rowed to the south of the lake, after which they grouped up at Ahvenus on 30 July and then went to Mönninvaara to meet the Russian advance. The vulnerable guard that was stationed in Mönninvaara quickly fled. However, the Russians returned at sunrise the following day, they were now led by Major Scheene and were 200 men strong.

## Battle

Olli Tiainen had scattered his men in the rye fields and in the small forests on both sides of the road, and the peasants, aiming steadily, cut down one by one the Russian dragoons who could not get out of the road. Finally, it is true, the Russians reached the open field, but even there they suffered from the peasants' fire and considered it necessary to withdraw, after previously setting fire to the farm.
# Flourished Peony

Flourished Peony (Chinese: 国色芳华; pinyin: Guó Sè Fāng Huá) is a 2025 Chinese historical television series directed by Ding Ziguang and produced by Croton Media. The series is largely based on the novel of the same name by Yi Qianchong. It stars Yang Zi and Li Xian in the lead roles. The series premiered on Mango TV and Migu Video starting January 7 and was released on Hunan Television's Golden Eagle Theatre on January 9 and ended it's run on February 2.
The series is set in Chang'an city of the Tang Empire and tells the story of He Weifang, a merchant's daughter who has the ability to cultivate rare peonies and Jiang Changyang, a close minister of the emperor. The series was a critical and commercial success both inside and outside of China.

## Cast
### Main

* Yang Zi as He Weifang
* Li Xian as Jiang Changyang

### Supporting

* Wei Zheming as Liu Chang
* Zhang Yaqin as Li Youzhen
* Tu Songyan as Prince Ning
* Qu Zheming as the Emperor
* Shen Mengchen as Huangfu Lingge
* Tong Mengshi as Li Xing
* Dong Jie as Aunt Feng
* Shao Yun as Qin Shengyi
* Xin Peng as Wang Qing
* Yang Kun as Aunt Sun
* Guan Le as Zhu Fu
* Sun Meilin as Lü Gengchun
* Zhang Qi as Xu Zuping
* Xu Lingyue as Xiao Xuexi
    Jiang Changyang's sister-in-law.
* Zhang Lei as Father Liu
    Liu Chang's father.
* Hao Wenting as Mother Liu
    Liu Chang's mother.
* Gu Zicheng as Qin Liulang
* Yuan Ran as mother of He Weifang
* Chen Sisi as aunt of He Weifang
* Liao Yinyue as Yu Lu
* Bao Chenxi as Lian Zhou
* Ma Yi as Cao Yuying
    Deputy head of the flower business.
* Guo Zhe as Chuan Yu
    Jiang Changyang's bodyguard.
* Zhou Pu as Uncle Wu
    Manager of the private home for orphans which was opened by Jiang Changyang.
* Lin Zilu as Bi Yu
    Li Youzhen's personal maid.
* Xie Xin as Madam Yun
    Owner of Hua Yun Lou.
* Wang Tianyu as Qiu Shi
    Liu Chang's guard.
* Mu Tong as She Yan
    Emperor's guard.
* Chen Yilong as Pei Zhong
* Kui Yuan as Ah Tao
* Hu Yiyan as Qing Que
* Ni Hanjin as Yu Zheng
* Gao Sheng as Ah Ci

## Production

Shooting began on 2 January 2024 and took place in Laoling Film Studio in north China's Shandong province. Yang Zi starred as He Weifang, reuniting her with co-star Li Xian, who played her lover and husband Jiang Changyang, and the series is their second collaboration.
# Yuri (footballer, born 1998)

Yuri Jonathan Vitor Coelho (born 12 June 1998), commonly known as Yuri, is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a forward for South Korean club Jeju SK.
# Joseph Makula

Joseph Makula (1929–2006) was a Congolese photographer. He initially served as a military photographer for the Force Publique before being hired as the first Congolese photographer for Congopresse in 1956. After Congopresse closed in 1968, he worked as a freelancer and established his own studio. He died in 2006.

## Biography

Joseph Makula was born in 1929 in Orientale Province, Belgian Congo. He attended a nursing school in Stanleyville, but enlisted in the Force Publique in Port-Francqui in 1948. The following year he was stationed in Léopoldville, and the editor of the army's newspaper, Sango Ya Biso, tapped him as a photographer for the publication. He was later made a supervisor of a military photographic lab tasked with developing film. He left the army in 1956 and briefly found work at a newspaper, Pourquoi pas l'Avenir.
Later in 1956 or 1957 Makula was hired by Congopresse, the Belgian Congo's official press agency, as its first Congolese photographer. He mainly photographed évolués, educated Congolese who formed an elite social group in the colony. He worked mostly in and around the capital, Léopoldville, taking few photographs in the outlying provinces and never taking pictures of villages. Unlike his European colleagues, Makula took few photographs of official ceremonies or visiting foreign dignitaries.
Following Congolese independence in 1960, Congopresse's European staff departed, and Makula went to Belgium for a training course in photography. When he returned to the Congo, he trained a new group of Congolese photographers for the agency, including its only woman photographer, Mpate Sulia. In 1968, Congopresse closed down and Mukula became a freelance photographer. He set up his own photo studio, Photo Mak, in Lemba, Kinshasa, in 1981. It operated until 1991. He died in 2006.
# Kathy Tough

Kathy Tough (born February 22, 1969, in Calgary, Alberta) is a retired volleyball player from Canada, who competed for her native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. There she ended up in tenth place with the Women's National Team.
# Big East Conference Men's Basketball Most Improved Player

The Big East Conference Men's Basketball Most Improved Player award is given to the men's basketball player in the Big East Conference voted as the most improved by the conference coaches. It was first awarded at the end of the 1996–97 season.

## Key

| † | Co-Most Improved Players |
| Player (X) | Denotes the number of times the player has been awarded the Big East Most Improved Player award at that point |

## Winners

| Season | Player | School | Position | Class |
| 1996–97 | Cheikh Yaya Dia | Georgetown | C | Senior |
| 1997–98 | Etan Thomas | Syracuse | F/C | Sophomore |
| 1998–99 | Johnny Hemsley | Miami | G/F | Junior |
| 1999–00$^†$ | Ricardo Greer | Pittsburgh | F | Junior |
| Shaheen Holloway | Seton Hall | PG | Senior |
| 2000–01$^†$ | Preston Shumpert | Syracuse | F | Junior |
| Calvin Bowman | West Virginia | C | Senior |
| 2001–02 | Brandin Knight | Pittsburgh | PG | Junior |
| 2002–03 | Hakim Warrick | Syracuse | F | Sophomore |
| 2003–04 | Carl Krauser | Pittsburgh | PG | Sophomore |
| 2004–05$^†$ | Jared Dudley | Boston College | F | Sophomore |
| Marcus Williams | UConn | PG | Sophomore |
| 2005–06 | Aaron Gray | Pittsburgh | C | Junior |
| 2006–07 | Herbert Hill | Providence | F/C | Senior |
| 2007–08 | Sam Young | Pittsburgh | SF | Junior |
| 2008–09 | Dante Cunningham | Villanova | F | Senior |
| 2009–10 | Ashton Gibbs | Pittsburgh | PG | Sophomore |
| 2010–11 | Dwight Hardy | St. John's | SG | Senior |
| 2011–12 | Jack Cooley | Notre Dame | C | Junior |
| 2012–13$^†$ | Michael Carter-Williams | Syracuse | PG | Sophomore |
| Kadeem Batts | Providence | PF | Junior |
| 2013–14$^†$ | Daniel Ochefu | Villanova | F/C | Sophomore |
| Darrun Hilliard | Villanova | G | Junior |
| 2014–15 | Sir'Dominic Pointer | St. John's | SG | Senior |
| 2015–16 | Ben Bentil | Providence | F | Sophomore |
| 2016–17 | Kyron Cartwright | Providence | PG | Junior |
| 2017–18 | Myles Powell | Seton Hall | G | Sophomore |
| 2018–19 | Paul Reed | DePaul | PF | Sophomore |
| 2019–20 | Romaro Gill | Seton Hall | C | Senior |
| 2020–21$^†$ | Julian Champagnie | St. John's | G/F | Sophomore |
| Zach Freemantle | Xavier | F | Sophomore |
| 2021–22 | Justin Lewis | Marquette | F | Sophomore |
| 2022–23 | Joel Soriano | St. John's | C | Senior |
| 2023–24 | Desmond Claude | Xavier | G | Sophomore |
| 2024–25 | Zuby Ejiofor | St. John's | F | Junior |
# Shmuel Kaminetsky

Shmuel Kaminetsky (born 1965) is an Israel-born rabbi and has been the rabbi of Dnipro and Dnipropetrovsk Oblast since 1990.

## Biography

Shmuel Kaminetsky's parents emigrated from the USSR to Israel due to Soviet religious persecution in 1946. Kaminetsky was born in Kfar Chabad, Israel, in 1965.
From 1978 to 1981 he studied at the yeshiva of the city of Lod. In 1981 he went to the United States where he graduated from the Lubavitcher hassidic Rabbinical College of America in New Jersey.
In 1989, he married Hanna Lipsker; they had six daughters and three sons.
Focus magazine listed him as an agent of foreign influence.