OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Sodium aluminate

Sodium aluminate is an inorganic chemical that is used as an effective source of aluminium hydroxide for many industrial and technical applications. Pure sodium aluminate (anhydrous) is a white crystalline solid having a formula variously given as NaAlO$_2$, NaAl(OH)$_4$ (hydrated), Na$_2$O·Al$_2$O$_3$, or Na$_2$Al$_2$O$_4$. Commercial sodium aluminate is available as a solution or a solid. Other related compounds, sometimes called sodium aluminate, prepared by reaction of Na$_2$O and Al$_2$O$_3$ are Na$_5$AlO$_4$ which contains discrete AlO$_4$$^{5−}$ anions, Na$_7$Al$_3$O$_8$ and Na$_{17}$Al$_5$O$_{16}$ which contain complex polymeric anions, and NaAl$_{11}$O$_{17}$, once mistakenly believed to be β-alumina, a phase of aluminium oxide.

## Structure

Anhydrous sodium aluminate, NaAlO$_2$, contains a three-dimensional framework of corner linked AlO$_4$ tetrahedra. The hydrated form NaAlO$_2$·5/4H$_2$O has layers of AlO$_4$ tetrahedra joined into rings and the layers are held together by sodium ions and water molecules that hydrogen bond to O atoms in the AlO$_4$ tetrahedra.

## Manufacturing

Sodium aluminate is manufactured by the dissolution of aluminium hydroxide (Al(OH)$_3$) in a caustic soda (NaOH) solution. Aluminium hydroxide (gibbsite) can be dissolved in 20–25% aqueous NaOH solution at a temperature near the boiling point. The use of more concentrated NaOH solutions leads to a semi-solid product. The process must be carried out in steam-heated vessels of nickel or steel, and the aluminium hydroxide should be boiled with approximately 50% aqueous caustic soda until a pulp forms. The final mixture has to be poured into a tank and cooled; a solid mass containing about 70% NaAlO$_2$ then forms. After being crushed, this product is dehydrated in a rotary oven. The resulting product contains 90% NaAlO$_2$ and 1% water, together with 1% free NaOH.

## Reaction of aluminium and alkali

Sodium aluminate is also formed by the action of sodium hydroxide on elemental aluminium which is an amphoteric metal. The reaction is highly exothermic once established and is accompanied by the rapid evolution of hydrogen gas. The reaction is sometimes written as:
    2Al + 2NaOH + 2H$_2$O → 2NaAlO$_2$ + 3H$_2$
However, the species produced in solution is likely to contain the [Al(OH)$_4$]$^−$ ion or perhaps the [Al(H$_2$O)$_2$(OH)$_4$]$^−$ ion.

## Uses

In water treatment it is used as an adjunct to water softening systems, as a coagulant aid to improve flocculation, and for removing dissolved silica and phosphates.
In construction technology, sodium aluminate is employed to accelerate the solidification of concrete, mainly when working during frost.
Sodium aluminate is also used in the paper industry, for fire brick production, alumina production and so forth.
Sodium aluminate solutions are intermediates in the production of zeolites.
# Nokia 2323 classic

The Nokia 2323 classic is a basic 2G feature phone announced by Nokia in November 2008 and released in August 2009. The mobile phone is aimed at emerging markets and budget-conscious consumers, and can be bought carrier-unlocked for a relatively low price.
The device runs on the Series 40 software platform, supports up to five separate address books, and is able to store personalisation data for up to five separate SIM cards. The Nokia 2323 classic is available in a number of languages depending on which territory it is marketed for. Models sold in Europe support at least thirty three languages.

## Nokia 2330 classic

A variant of the Nokia 2323 classic known as the Nokia 2330 classic has the same features as the 2323 classic, with the only main difference being the addition of a VGA camera.
# Cell 16

Cell 16 is a progressive, radical feminist organization active in the United States known for its program of self-defense training (specifically karate), opposition to violence against women, and its analyses of relations between men and women in dating culture, politics and the economics of unpaid labor in the home. Co-founded by Roxanne Dunbar and Dana Densmore in 1968, Cell 16 included early members Betsy Warrior, Abby Rockefeller and Jayne West. Cell 16 was sometimes mischaracterized as promoting celibacy or separatism for its suggestion that women remain autonomous from men's groups and avoid romantic entanglements with either men or women, which would take away time and energy better spent on women's rights. The organization had a journal titled No More Fun and Games, which exerted a strong influence over the development of the second wave of feminism.

## History

In the summer of 1968, Roxanne Dunbar placed an advertisement in a Boston, Massachusetts, underground newspaper calling for a "Female Liberation Front". The original membership also included Hillary Langhorst, Sandy Bernard, Dana Densmore (the daughter of Donna Allen), Betsy Warrior, Ellen O'Donnell, Jayne West, Mary Ann Weathers, Maureen Maynes, Gail Murray, and Abby Rockefeller. The group's name was meant "to emphasize that they were only one cell of an organic movement" and referenced the address of their meetings – 16 Lexington Avenue.
No More Fun and Games ceased publication in 1973. Cell 16 disbanded in 1973 as well.

## Ideology

Founded in 1968 by Roxanne Dunbar, Cell 16 has been cited as the first organization to advance the concept of separatist feminism. Cultural historian Alice Echols cites Cell 16 as an example of feminist heterosexual separatism, as the group never advocated lesbianism as a political strategy. Echols credits Cell 16's work for "helping establishing the theoretical foundation for lesbian separatism." In No More Fun and Games, the organization's journal, Roxanne Dunbar and Lisa Leghorn advised women to "separate from men who are not consciously working for female liberation", and advised periods of celibacy, rather than lesbian relationships, which some lesbian groups labeled as "nothing more than a personal solution".
In Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz's book, Outlaw Woman, in referring to an article by member Dana Densmore titled "On Celibacy" that was published in the first issue of No More Fun and Games (1970), Dunbar-Ortiz explains, "That essay mythologized our group as having taken "vows of celibacy."
# Sprite multiplexing

Sprite multiplexing is a computer graphics technique where additional sprites (moving images) can be drawn on the screen, beyond the nominal maximum. It is largely historical, applicable principally to older hardware, where limited resources (such as CPU speed and memory) meant only a relatively small number of sprites were supported. On the other hand, it is also true that without multiplexing, the sprite circuitry would be idle much of the time, and limited resources were wasted.

## Description

The sprite multiplexing technique is based on the idea that while the hardware may only support a finite number of sprites, it is sometimes possible to re-use the same sprite "slots" more than once per frame or scan line. The program will first use the hardware to draw one or more sprite(s), as normal. Before the next frame (or next scanline) needs to be drawn, the software reprograms the hardware to display additional sprites, in other positions.
For example, the Nintendo Entertainment System explicitly supports hardware sprite multiplexing, where it has 64 hardware sprites, but is only capable of rendering 8 of them per scanline. On the older Atari 2600, sprite multiplexing was not intentionally designed in, but programmers discovered they could reset the TIA graphics chip to draw additional sprites on the same scanline.
The sprite multiplexing technique relies on the program being able to identify what part of the video screen is being drawn at the moment, or being triggered by the video hardware to run a subroutine at the crucial moment. The programmer must carefully consider the layout of the screen. If the video graphics hardware is not reprogrammed in time for the extra sprites to be displayed, they will not appear, or will be drawn incorrectly.
Modern video graphics hardware typically does not use hardware sprites, since modern computer systems do not have the kind of limitations that sprite hardware is designed to circumvent.

## Implementations

Systems that allow the programmer to employ the sprite multiplexing technique include:
* Atari 2600
* Atari 8-bit computers
* Amiga
* Commodore 64
* MSX
* Nintendo Entertainment System
* Super Nintendo Entertainment System
* Master System
* Sega Genesis/Mega Drive
# Pranav Mistry

Pranav Mistry (born 14 May 1981) is an Indian computer scientist and inventor. He is the former President and CEO of STAR Labs (Samsung Technology & Advanced Research Labs). He is currently the founder and CEO of TWO, an Artificial Reality startup. He is best known for his work on SixthSense, Samsung Galaxy Gear and Project Beyond.

## Career

Mistry joined Samsung as the Director of Research in 2012, and served as the Global Vice President of it. He introduced Samsung Galaxy Gear smart watch in September 2013. Before joining MIT, Pranav worked as a UX Researcher with Microsoft. In the past, he has worked with Google, CMU, NASA, UNESCO, Japan Science & Technology Agency. He was the Global Senior Vice President of search at Samsung and the head of Think Tank Team. He was the President and CEO of STAR Labs. In July 2021, he founded a new Artificial Reality startup, TWO.

## Innovations

Mistry is best known for his work on SixthSense. Among some of his other works, he has also invented Mouseless – an invisible computer mouse; Sparsh – a novel way to copy-paste data between digital devices; Quickies – intelligent sticky notes that can be searched, located and can send reminders and messages; Blinkbot - a gaze and blink controlled robot; a pen that can draw in 3D and a public map that can act as Google of physical world. He has also contributed in the development of Samsung's NEON.

### AI and Multilingual Language Models

In 2024, Pranav Mistry's TWO Platforms introduced SUTRA, a multilingual .Large language model (LLM) designed to enhance artificial intelligence accessibility across Indian and global languages.Developed to improve natural language processing (NLP) in diverse linguistic contexts, SUTRA aligns with India's AI innovation goals. The initiative was discussed with industry leaders, including Mukesh Ambani and Akash Ambani, positioning it as a key player in multilingual AI development.

## Recognition

Pranav's research on SixthSense earned him the 2009 Invention Award. He was also named on MIT's Technology Review as one of the top 35 innovators in the world. In 2010, He was named on Creativity Magazine's Creativity 50. Chris Anderson has referred Mistry as "one of the best inventors in the world". Mistry has also been listed in "15 Asian Scientists to Watch", by Asian Scientist Magazine. He has also received recognition from GQ India, listing him as one of the most powerful digital Indians, and India Today, listing him as one of the "37 Indians of Tomorrow".
He was honoured as Young Global Leader 2013, by WEF.

### Awards and achievements

* Young Global Leader 2013 Award, World Economic Forum
* 50 Most Creative People of the Year 2010, CREATIVITY 50
* TR35 2009 award, Technology Review
* Invention of the Year 2009 award, Popular Science
* Nominee for Forbes India's Person of the Year 2009

## Personal life

Mistry was born in Palanpur in Gujarat state of India. He married Farrah Chen.
# Ivan Ouano

Marcel Ivan Arcenal Ouano (born March 6, 2000) is a Filipino professional footballer who plays as a forward for Philippines Football League club Loyola.

## Collegiate career

Ouano played for the football team of his college, National University in the UAAP.

## Club career
### Azkals Development Team

In 2020, he joined the Azkals Development Team, a guest team in the Philippines Football League mainly composed of the Philippines international youth players. He made his league debut for ADT in a 1–0 defeat against the defending champions United City.

### United City

After his 2-year stint with ADT, Ouano joined United City. He scored his first goal for the club in a 4–0 win against Maharlika Manila in the 2022 Copa Paulino Alcantara. A week later, he scored his second goal in a 4–0 win against his former club ADT.
On 15 April 2022, Ouano made his AFC Champions League debut in a 0–1 defeat against Jeonnam Dragons, coming in as a substitute replacing Ricardo Sendra at the 83rd minute of the match.

## International career
### Philippines U17

In 2016, Ouano was included in the 23-man squad for the 2016 AFF U-16 Youth Championship held in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. He made his debut for the Philippines U16 in a 1–0 defeat against Singapore U17.

### Philippines U19

In 2017, Ouano was called up to represent the Philippines U19 in the 2017 AFF U-19 Youth Championship. He made his debut for the Philippines U19 in a 3–2 defeat against Brunei U19.

### Philippines U23

Ouano was named in the reserves list of the Philippines U-22 squad that competed in the 2019 Southeast Asian Games held in the Philippines. In 2021, Ouano was included in the 23-man squad for the 2022 AFC U-23 Asian Cup qualification matches against South Korea, Singapore and Timor Leste. He made his debut for the Philippines U23 in a 1–0 defeat against Singapore U23, coming in as a substitute replacing Mark Winhoffer at the 59th minute. Ouano scored his first and second goal for the Philippines U23 in a 2–2 draw against Timor Leste U23 in the 2022 AFF U-23 Youth Championship held in Cambodia.

## Career statistics
### Club

    As of 21 April 2022.
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| ADT | 2020 | PFL | 3 | 0 | Cancelled | Cancelled | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| ADT | 2021 | PFL | Cancelled | Cancelled | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| United City | 2022 | PFL | 0 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 2 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 3 | 0 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 2 |
# Southside Park

Southside Park is, at 211 acres (0.85 km$^2$), one of the largest parks in the City of Atlanta. It is located along Jonesboro Road in the southern part of the city just north of the Perimeter (I-285). Although it once ranked as the city's largest park, the new Westside Park at 351 acres (1.42 km$^2$)now holds that claim. Southside Park includes 4 baseball diamonds, concession stand, 6 pickleball courts, approximately 7 miles of mountain bike and trail-running/hiking trails, and parking lot. In 2007, the city completed a study for the development of the park. The study called out the lack of facilities in the park and the difficulty of access on foot, by bike, and by public transportation.
In 2013, the City of Atlanta funded a study by the trail consulting arm of the International Mountain Bicycling Association (IMBA) which was completed in December 2013. The resulting Conceptual Design Report describes a potential for 6.5 miles of natural surface trail (known in mountain biking circles as "singletrack") suitable for bicyclists, runners, and hikers.
The report includes detailed trail design information and cost estimates. The planned trails are situated in a "stacked loop" system, guiding visitors through progressively more challenging terrain as they move deeper into the forest. The planned trail system features a beginner loop, intermediate loop, and advanced loop, as well as a wooden boardwalk and bridge over Poole Creek.
In 2016, the 1.2-mile beginner loop was constructed using funds donated by Recreational Equipment, Inc. (REI) under direction of the Atlanta Chapter of the Southern Offroad Bicycling Association (SORBA Atlanta.) In October 2016, the City of Atlanta and representatives of affiliated organizations and the local community officially opened the "Evergreen Trail."
Additional trail construction will proceed as SORBA Atlanta raises the necessary funds.
# Niigata Television Network 21

The Niigata Television Network 21 (株式会社新潟テレビ二十一, Kabushikigaisha Niigata Terebi Nijūichi, UX) is a TV station affiliated with All-Nippon News Network (ANN) in Niigata, Niigata Prefecture. It was established on March 8, 1983 and began broadcasting from October 1, 1983.
The station has been branded as ux since 2006, after the last two letters of the station's call sign. The station's current slogan is YOU&ME&UX.

## History

Niigata Television Network 21 was established on March 7, 1983 and commenced transmissions on October 1, 1983. Prior to that, TV Asahi programming was seen on NST. NST was affiliated to FNN, NNN and ANN, before alleviating the station's network schedule with the launch of TNN (now TeNY), which took over the NNN affiliation in 1981 and NT21, which took over the ANN affiliation in 1983. By then, Niigata has four network stations.
Digital terrestrial transmissions commenced on August 1, 2006. To mark the occasion, NT21 was rebranded as ux. Aside from airing TV Asahi shows, the station also currently airs a few TV Tokyo shows, since the network does not have a station in most prefectures.

## TV channel
### Digital Television

* Yahiko 23ch JOUX-DTV 3 kW

#### Tandem office

* Takada 39ch
* Mikawa 49ch
* Tsunan-Kamigō 22ch
* Koide 32ch
* Kanose 23ch
* Itoigawa-Ōno 31ch
* Tsunan 31ch
* Tsugawa 49ch
* Ryōtsu 38ch
* Aikawa 34ch
* Yamato 38ch
* Takachi 23ch
* Arai 49ch
* Murakami 33ch
* Sotokaifu 34ch
* Yuzawa 23ch
* Tsunan-Tanaka 23ch
* Itoigawa-Hayakawa 38ch
* Sumon 38ch
* Muramatsu 49ch
* Sekikawa 49ch
* Tochio 49ch
* Muikamachi 38ch
* Myōkōkōgen 49ch
* Ōmi 31ch
* Takayanagi 41ch
* Kawaguchi 23ch

## Programs

* Super J Channel Niigata (スーパーJチャンネルにいがた, Sūpā-jē-chan'neru Niigata)
* Marudori! (まるどりっ!, Marudori!)
* Hotto Hotto Niigata (ほっとホット新潟, Hotto Hotto Niigata)
* Niigata Kodono no Hiroba (にいがた子どもの広場, Niigata Kodomo no Hiroba)
* UX News (ユーエックスニュース, UX News)
# Velarivirus

Velarivirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Closteroviridae. Plants serve as natural hosts. There are nine species in this genus. Diseases associated with this genus include: GLRaV-7: symptomless in white-berried grapevine cultivar from Albania.

## Taxonomy

The following species are assigned to the genus, listed by scientific name and followed by their common names:
* Velarivirus alphamali, Malus domestica virus A
* Velarivirus arecae, Areca palm velarivirus 1
* Velarivirus duocordylinae, Cordyline virus 2
* Velarivirus gembloutense, Pyrus virus A
* Velarivirus nanoavii, Little cherry virus 1
* Velarivirus septemvitis, Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 7
* Velarivirus tetracordylinae, Cordyline virus 4
* Velarivirus tricordylinae, Cordyline virus 3
* Velarivirus unicordylinae, Cordyline virus 1

## Structure

Viruses in the genus Velarivirus are non-enveloped, with filamentous geometries. These viruses are about 1500-1700 nm long. Genomes are linear, around 16-17kb in length. The genome codes for 10 proteins.
| Genus | Structure | Symmetry | Capsid | Genomic arrangement | Genomic segmentation |
| Velarivirus | Filamentous | | Non-enveloped | Linear | Monopartite |

## Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded RNA virus transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are mechanical.
| Genus | Host details | Tissue tropism | Entry details | Release details | Replication site | Assembly site | Transmission |
| Velarivirus | Plants | None | Viral movement; mechanical inoculation | Viral movement | Cytoplasm | Cytoplasm | Mechanical inoculation: insects |
# Time in North Macedonia

In North Macedonia, the standard time is Central European Time (Macedonian: Средноевропско време, romanized: Srednoevropsko vreme; CET; UTC+01:00). Daylight saving time is observed from the last Sunday in March (02:00 CET) to the last Sunday in October (03:00 CEST). This is shared with several other EU member states.

## History

North Macedonia observed daylight saving time between 1941 and 1945, and again since 1983 (by this time part of Yugoslavia).

## IANA time zone database

In the IANA time zone database, North Macedonia is given one zone in the file zone.tab – Europe/Skopje. Data for North Macedonia directly from zone.tab of the IANA time zone database; columns marked with * are the columns from zone.tab itself:
| c.c.* | coordinates* | TZ* | Comments | UTC offset | DST |
| MK | +4159+02126 | Europe/Skopje | | +01:00 | +02:00 |
# Tiruturaipundi Junction railway station

Tiruturaipundi Junction railway station is a junction railway station serving the town of Thiruthuraipoondi in Tamil Nadu, India. This station was first opened on 02.04.1894 along with mayavaram jn (Present Mayiladuthurai Jn) to muthupettai section.15.05.1919 Tiruturaipundi Junction - point Calimere line opened for traffic that day this station become junction.This station Is the only junction situated between thiruvarur -karaikudi section. The station is a part of the Tiruchirapalli railway division of the Southern Railway zone Railway station code: TTP.

## Location and layout

The railway station is located off the State Highway 63 or Railway Station Road, of Thiruthuraipoondi. The nearest bus depot is located in Thiruthuraipoondi while the nearest airport is situated 109 kilometres (68 mi) away in Tiruchirappalli. The station has three platforms and over five tracks in broad gauge.

## Lines

Thiruvarur Junction and Karaikkudi Junction, Tiruturaipundi Junction to Point Calimere via Vedharanyam & Agasthiyampalli railway station, and the new railway line Nagapattinam Junction–Thirukuvalai–Tiruturaipundi Junction under construction.

## Metre gauge

The century-old metre-gauge line was laid by the British and the first train was operated on 02.04.1894. The last train on the metre-gauge from Thiruvarur started at 8 pm on 18 October 2012 and completed its journey at Thiruthuraipoondi at 8:45 pm, This was the last metre-gauge section to be upgraded into broad-gauge segment by the Southern Railway. All of eleven stations were closed from 19 October 2012.

## Gauge conversion

The after-conversion work of the Thiruvarur–Karaikudi broad-gauge section was opened to traffic in 2019. Tiruturaipundi Junction railway station - Agasthiyampalli railway line Opened for traffic on 08.04.2023. It is the last railway junction to be completely converted to broad gauge from meter gauge as all remaining railway junctions(not to be confused with railway station) were converted into broad gauge in Tamil Nadu as well as in southern railway zone.
* Speed trial on new BG line

## Services

66197/6198 Tiruvarur-Karaikkudi Express operated from 01.06.2019
16361/16362 Ernakulam Velankanni Express Weekly operated from 04-June-2022 Via Kottayam, Changanassery, Kayamkulam, Kollam, Sengottai, Sivakasi, Virudhunagar, Aruppukkottai, Karaikudi, Pattukkottai, Thiruthuraipoondi, Thiruvarur, Nagapattinam
07695/07696 Secunderabad - Rameshwaram Express Weekly Via Guntur, Gudur, Chennai Egmore, Tambaram, Chengalpattu, villupuram, Cuddalore, Chidambaram, Mayiladuturai, Thiruvarur, Pattukottai, Karaikudi, Manamadurai, Paramakudi, Ramanathapuram
20683/20684 Tambaram-Sengottai Super Fast Express operated from 08.04.2023 via Viluppuram–Mayiladuthurai–Thiruvarur–Thiruthuraipoondi–Pattukkottai–Karaikudi–Aruppukkottai-Tirunelveli–Tenkasi.
76627/76628 & 76629/76630 TTP-AGX-TTP DEMU Express operated from 08.04.2023
76717/76718 TTP-TPJ-TTP DEMU Express Weekly Via Thiruvarur Jn, Thanjavur Jn