# Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni

Abū Jaʿfar Muḥammad ibn Yaʿqūb ibn Isḥāq al-Kulaynī ar-Rāzī (Persian: محمد بن یعقوب بن اسحاق کلینی رازی; Arabic: أَبُو جَعْفَر مُحَمَّد ٱبْن يَعْقُوب ٱبْن إِسْحَاق ٱلْكُلَيْنِيّ ٱلرَّازِيّ; c. 250 AH/864 CE – 329 AH/941 CE) was a Persian Shia hadith collector.

## Life

Al-Kulayni was born in Kulayn, a village or small town situated near Rey, Iran. His father was Ya'qub al-Kulayni, who is buried at Rey. He lived in the era of the Minor Occultation of Hujjat-Allah al-Mahdi, the last of the Twelve Imams who, according to Shia belief, is currently in occultation and will appear before the Day of Judgment). He is claimed to have greatly benefited from al-Mahdi's divine knowledge by interacting with him through the Imam's Deputies.
Kulayni received his early religious education in his native town and went to Rey for further education. According to Shia view he is among a special class of muhaddithin known as Rihalah-ye hadith (which means those who travelled in order to collect a hadith and met the persons considered to be the authority on hadith).
He travelled to Baghdad for this reason and lived there for twenty years, engaged in teaching and pursuing academic work, until he died in 329 AH/941 CE. He is considered the foremost Shia compiler of hadith and was the author of Kitab al-Kafi.

## Work and contribution

Although Shaykh al-Kulaynī is most famous for al-Kāfī, this opus was not his only accomplishment. The following is a list of his known works:
* Kitāb al Kāfī
* Rasāʾil al ʾaʾimmah
* Kitāb ar-rijāl
* Kitāb ar radd ʿalā al qarāmitah
* Kitāb mā qīla fī al ʾaʾimmah min ash-shiʿr
* Kitāb taʿbīr al-ruʾyā
Of these only al-Kāfī has survived in its entirety.
vteEarly Islamic scholars :
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Muhammad, The final Messenger of God(570–632 the Constitution of Medina, taught the Quran, and advised his companions | Muhammad, The final Messenger of God(570–632 the Constitution of Medina, taught the Quran, and advised his companions | Muhammad, The final Messenger of God(570–632 the Constitution of Medina, taught the Quran, and advised his companions | Muhammad, The final Messenger of God(570–632 the Constitution of Medina, taught the Quran, and advised his companions | Muhammad, The final Messenger of God(570–632 the Constitution of Medina, taught the Quran, and advised his companions | Muhammad, The final Messenger of God(570–632 the Constitution of Medina, taught the Quran, and advised his companions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Abdullah ibn Masud (died 653) taught | Abdullah ibn Masud (died 653) taught | Abdullah ibn Masud (died 653) taught | Abdullah ibn Masud (died 653) taught | Abdullah ibn Masud (died 653) taught | Abdullah ibn Masud (died 653) taught | | | Ali (607–661) fourth caliph taught | Ali (607–661) fourth caliph taught | Ali (607–661) fourth caliph taught | Ali (607–661) fourth caliph taught | Ali (607–661) fourth caliph taught | Ali (607–661) fourth caliph taught | Aisha, Muhammad's wife and Abu Bakr's daughter taught | Aisha, Muhammad's wife and Abu Bakr's daughter taught | Aisha, Muhammad's wife and Abu Bakr's daughter taught | Aisha, Muhammad's wife and Abu Bakr's daughter taught | Aisha, Muhammad's wife and Abu Bakr's daughter taught | Aisha, Muhammad's wife and Abu Bakr's daughter taught | Abd Allah ibn Abbas (618–687) taught | Abd Allah ibn Abbas (618–687) taught | Abd Allah ibn Abbas (618–687) taught | Abd Allah ibn Abbas (618–687) taught | Abd Allah ibn Abbas (618–687) taught | Abd Allah ibn Abbas (618–687) taught | Zayd ibn Thabit (610–660) taught | Zayd ibn Thabit (610–660) taught | Zayd ibn Thabit (610–660) taught | Zayd ibn Thabit (610–660) taught | Zayd ibn Thabit (610–660) taught | Zayd ibn Thabit (610–660) taught | Umar (579–644) second caliph taught | Umar (579–644) second caliph taught | Umar (579–644) second caliph taught | Umar (579–644) second caliph taught | Umar (579–644) second caliph taught | Umar (579–644) second caliph taught | Abu Hurairah (603–681) taught | Abu Hurairah (603–681) taught | Abu Hurairah (603–681) taught | Abu Hurairah (603–681) taught | Abu Hurairah (603–681) taught | Abu Hurairah (603–681) taught | | | | | | |
| Alqama ibn Qays (died 681) taught | Alqama ibn Qays (died 681) taught | Alqama ibn Qays (died 681) taught | Alqama ibn Qays (died 681) taught | Alqama ibn Qays (died 681) taught | Alqama ibn Qays (died 681) taught | | | Husayn ibn Ali (626–680) taught | Husayn ibn Ali (626–680) taught | Husayn ibn Ali (626–680) taught | Husayn ibn Ali (626–680) taught | Husayn ibn Ali (626–680) taught | Husayn ibn Ali (626–680) taught | Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr (657–725) taught and raised by Aisha | Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr (657–725) taught and raised by Aisha | Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr (657–725) taught and raised by Aisha | Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr (657–725) taught and raised by Aisha | Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr (657–725) taught and raised by Aisha | Qasim ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Bakr (657–725) taught and raised by Aisha | Urwah ibn Zubayr (died 713) taught by Aisha, he then taught | Urwah ibn Zubayr (died 713) taught by Aisha, he then taught | Urwah ibn Zubayr (died 713) taught by Aisha, he then taught | Urwah ibn Zubayr (died 713) taught by Aisha, he then taught | Urwah ibn Zubayr (died 713) taught by Aisha, he then taught | Urwah ibn Zubayr (died 713) taught by Aisha, he then taught | Said ibn al-Musayyib (637–715) taught | Said ibn al-Musayyib (637–715) taught | Said ibn al-Musayyib (637–715) taught | Said ibn al-Musayyib (637–715) taught | Said ibn al-Musayyib (637–715) taught | Said ibn al-Musayyib (637–715) taught | Abdullah ibn Umar (614–693) taught | Abdullah ibn Umar (614–693) taught | Abdullah ibn Umar (614–693) taught | Abdullah ibn Umar (614–693) taught | Abdullah ibn Umar (614–693) taught | Abdullah ibn Umar (614–693) taught | Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr (624–692) taught by Aisha, he then taught | Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr (624–692) taught by Aisha, he then taught | Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr (624–692) taught by Aisha, he then taught | Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr (624–692) taught by Aisha, he then taught | Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr (624–692) taught by Aisha, he then taught | Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr (624–692) taught by Aisha, he then taught | | |
| Ibrahim al-Nakha’i taught | Ibrahim al-Nakha’i taught | Ibrahim al-Nakha’i taught | Ibrahim al-Nakha’i taught | Ibrahim al-Nakha’i taught | Ibrahim al-Nakha’i taught | | | Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (659–712) taught | Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (659–712) taught | Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (659–712) taught | Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (659–712) taught | Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (659–712) taught | Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin (659–712) taught | | | | | | | Hisham ibn Urwah (667–772) taught | Hisham ibn Urwah (667–772) taught | Hisham ibn Urwah (667–772) taught | Hisham ibn Urwah (667–772) taught | Hisham ibn Urwah (667–772) taught | Hisham ibn Urwah (667–772) taught | Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (died 741) taught | Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (died 741) taught | Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (died 741) taught | Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (died 741) taught | Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (died 741) taught | Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri (died 741) taught | Salim ibn Abd-Allah ibn Umar taught | Salim ibn Abd-Allah ibn Umar taught | Salim ibn Abd-Allah ibn Umar taught | Salim ibn Abd-Allah ibn Umar taught | Salim ibn Abd-Allah ibn Umar taught | Salim ibn Abd-Allah ibn Umar taught | Umar ibn Abdul Aziz (682–720) raised and taught by Abdullah ibn Umar | Umar ibn Abdul Aziz (682–720) raised and taught by Abdullah ibn Umar | Umar ibn Abdul Aziz (682–720) raised and taught by Abdullah ibn Umar | Umar ibn Abdul Aziz (682–720) raised and taught by Abdullah ibn Umar | Umar ibn Abdul Aziz (682–720) raised and taught by Abdullah ibn Umar | Umar ibn Abdul Aziz (682–720) raised and taught by Abdullah ibn Umar |
| Hammad ibn Abi Sulayman taught | Hammad ibn Abi Sulayman taught | Hammad ibn Abi Sulayman taught | Hammad ibn Abi Sulayman taught | Hammad ibn Abi Sulayman taught | Hammad ibn Abi Sulayman taught | | | Muhammad al-Baqir (676–733) taught | Muhammad al-Baqir (676–733) taught | Muhammad al-Baqir (676–733) taught | Muhammad al-Baqir (676–733) taught | Muhammad al-Baqir (676–733) taught | Muhammad al-Baqir (676–733) taught | | | Farwah bint al-Qasim Jafar's mother | Farwah bint al-Qasim Jafar's mother | Farwah bint al-Qasim Jafar's mother | Farwah bint al-Qasim Jafar's mother | Farwah bint al-Qasim Jafar's mother | Farwah bint al-Qasim Jafar's mother | | |
| Abu Hanifa (699–767) wrote Al Fiqh Al Akbar and Kitab Al-Athar, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni Sufi, Barelvi, Deobandi, Zaidiyyah and originally by the Fatimid and taught | Abu Hanifa (699–767) wrote Al Fiqh Al Akbar and Kitab Al-Athar, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni Sufi, Barelvi, Deobandi, Zaidiyyah and originally by the Fatimid and taught | Abu Hanifa (699–767) wrote Al Fiqh Al Akbar and Kitab Al-Athar, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni Sufi, Barelvi, Deobandi, Zaidiyyah and originally by the Fatimid and taught | Abu Hanifa (699–767) wrote Al Fiqh Al Akbar and Kitab Al-Athar, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni Sufi, Barelvi, Deobandi, Zaidiyyah and originally by the Fatimid and taught | Abu Hanifa (699–767) wrote Al Fiqh Al Akbar and Kitab Al-Athar, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni Sufi, Barelvi, Deobandi, Zaidiyyah and originally by the Fatimid and taught | Abu Hanifa (699–767) wrote Al Fiqh Al Akbar and Kitab Al-Athar, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni Sufi, Barelvi, Deobandi, Zaidiyyah and originally by the Fatimid and taught | Zayd ibn Ali (695–740) | Zayd ibn Ali (695–740) | Zayd ibn Ali (695–740) | Zayd ibn Ali (695–740) | Zayd ibn Ali (695–740) | Zayd ibn Ali (695–740) | Ja'far bin Muhammad Al-Baqir (702–765) Muhammad and Ali's great great grand son, jurisprudence followed by Shia, he taught | Ja'far bin Muhammad Al-Baqir (702–765) Muhammad and Ali's great great grand son, jurisprudence followed by Shia, he taught | Ja'far bin Muhammad Al-Baqir (702–765) Muhammad and Ali's great great grand son, jurisprudence followed by Shia, he taught | Ja'far bin Muhammad Al-Baqir (702–765) Muhammad and Ali's great great grand son, jurisprudence followed by Shia, he taught | Ja'far bin Muhammad Al-Baqir (702–765) Muhammad and Ali's great great grand son, jurisprudence followed by Shia, he taught | Ja'far bin Muhammad Al-Baqir (702–765) Muhammad and Ali's great great grand son, jurisprudence followed by Shia, he taught | | | Malik ibn Anas (711–795) wrote Muwatta, jurisprudence from early Medina period now mostly followed by Sunni in Africa, Sunni Sufi and taught | Malik ibn Anas (711–795) wrote Muwatta, jurisprudence from early Medina period now mostly followed by Sunni in Africa, Sunni Sufi and taught | Malik ibn Anas (711–795) wrote Muwatta, jurisprudence from early Medina period now mostly followed by Sunni in Africa, Sunni Sufi and taught | Malik ibn Anas (711–795) wrote Muwatta, jurisprudence from early Medina period now mostly followed by Sunni in Africa, Sunni Sufi and taught | Malik ibn Anas (711–795) wrote Muwatta, jurisprudence from early Medina period now mostly followed by Sunni in Africa, Sunni Sufi and taught | Malik ibn Anas (711–795) wrote Muwatta, jurisprudence from early Medina period now mostly followed by Sunni in Africa, Sunni Sufi and taught | | | Al-Waqidi (748–822) wrote history books like Kitab al-Tarikh wa al-Maghazi, student of Malik ibn Anas | Al-Waqidi (748–822) wrote history books like Kitab al-Tarikh wa al-Maghazi, student of Malik ibn Anas | Al-Waqidi (748–822) wrote history books like Kitab al-Tarikh wa al-Maghazi, student of Malik ibn Anas | Al-Waqidi (748–822) wrote history books like Kitab al-Tarikh wa al-Maghazi, student of Malik ibn Anas | Al-Waqidi (748–822) wrote history books like Kitab al-Tarikh wa al-Maghazi, student of Malik ibn Anas | Al-Waqidi (748–822) wrote history books like Kitab al-Tarikh wa al-Maghazi, student of Malik ibn Anas | | | Abu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Abdul Hakam (died 829) wrote biographies and history books, student of Malik ibn Anas | Abu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Abdul Hakam (died 829) wrote biographies and history books, student of Malik ibn Anas | Abu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Abdul Hakam (died 829) wrote biographies and history books, student of Malik ibn Anas | Abu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Abdul Hakam (died 829) wrote biographies and history books, student of Malik ibn Anas | Abu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Abdul Hakam (died 829) wrote biographies and history books, student of Malik ibn Anas | Abu Muhammad Abdullah ibn Abdul Hakam (died 829) wrote biographies and history books, student of Malik ibn Anas |
| Abu Yusuf (729–798) wrote Usul al-fiqh | Abu Yusuf (729–798) wrote Usul al-fiqh | Abu Yusuf (729–798) wrote Usul al-fiqh | Abu Yusuf (729–798) wrote Usul al-fiqh | Abu Yusuf (729–798) wrote Usul al-fiqh | Abu Yusuf (729–798) wrote Usul al-fiqh | Muhammad al-Shaybani (749–805) | Muhammad al-Shaybani (749–805) | Muhammad al-Shaybani (749–805) | Muhammad al-Shaybani (749–805) | Muhammad al-Shaybani (749–805) | Muhammad al-Shaybani (749–805) | | | al-Shafi‘i (767–820) wrote Al-Risala, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and taught | al-Shafi‘i (767–820) wrote Al-Risala, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and taught | al-Shafi‘i (767–820) wrote Al-Risala, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and taught | al-Shafi‘i (767–820) wrote Al-Risala, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and taught | al-Shafi‘i (767–820) wrote Al-Risala, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and taught | al-Shafi‘i (767–820) wrote Al-Risala, jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and taught | | | Ismail ibn Ibrahim | Ismail ibn Ibrahim | Ismail ibn Ibrahim | Ismail ibn Ibrahim | Ismail ibn Ibrahim | Ismail ibn Ibrahim | | | Ali ibn al-Madini (778–849) wrote The Book of Knowledge of the Companions | Ali ibn al-Madini (778–849) wrote The Book of Knowledge of the Companions | Ali ibn al-Madini (778–849) wrote The Book of Knowledge of the Companions | Ali ibn al-Madini (778–849) wrote The Book of Knowledge of the Companions | Ali ibn al-Madini (778–849) wrote The Book of Knowledge of the Companions | Ali ibn al-Madini (778–849) wrote The Book of Knowledge of the Companions | | | Ibn Hisham (died 833) wrote early history and As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyah, Muhammad's biography | Ibn Hisham (died 833) wrote early history and As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyah, Muhammad's biography | Ibn Hisham (died 833) wrote early history and As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyah, Muhammad's biography | Ibn Hisham (died 833) wrote early history and As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyah, Muhammad's biography | Ibn Hisham (died 833) wrote early history and As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyah, Muhammad's biography | Ibn Hisham (died 833) wrote early history and As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyah, Muhammad's biography |
| Isma'il ibn Ja'far (719–775) | Isma'il ibn Ja'far (719–775) | Isma'il ibn Ja'far (719–775) | Isma'il ibn Ja'far (719–775) | Isma'il ibn Ja'far (719–775) | Isma'il ibn Ja'far (719–775) | Musa al-Kadhim (745–799) | Musa al-Kadhim (745–799) | Musa al-Kadhim (745–799) | Musa al-Kadhim (745–799) | Musa al-Kadhim (745–799) | Musa al-Kadhim (745–799) | | | Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780–855) wrote Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and hadith books | Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780–855) wrote Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and hadith books | Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780–855) wrote Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and hadith books | Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780–855) wrote Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and hadith books | Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780–855) wrote Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and hadith books | Ahmad ibn Hanbal (780–855) wrote Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal jurisprudence followed by Sunni, Sunni sufi and hadith books | Muhammad al-Bukhari (810–870) wrote Sahih al-Bukhari hadith books | Muhammad al-Bukhari (810–870) wrote Sahih al-Bukhari hadith books | Muhammad al-Bukhari (810–870) wrote Sahih al-Bukhari hadith books | Muhammad al-Bukhari (810–870) wrote Sahih al-Bukhari hadith books | Muhammad al-Bukhari (810–870) wrote Sahih al-Bukhari hadith books | Muhammad al-Bukhari (810–870) wrote Sahih al-Bukhari hadith books | Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (815–875) wrote Sahih Muslim hadith books | Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (815–875) wrote Sahih Muslim hadith books | Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (815–875) wrote Sahih Muslim hadith books | Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (815–875) wrote Sahih Muslim hadith books | Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (815–875) wrote Sahih Muslim hadith books | Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj (815–875) wrote Sahih Muslim hadith books | Dawud al-Zahiri (815–883/4) founded the Zahiri school | Dawud al-Zahiri (815–883/4) founded the Zahiri school | Dawud al-Zahiri (815–883/4) founded the Zahiri school | Dawud al-Zahiri (815–883/4) founded the Zahiri school | Dawud al-Zahiri (815–883/4) founded the Zahiri school | Dawud al-Zahiri (815–883/4) founded the Zahiri school | Muhammad ibn Isa at-Tirmidhi (824–892) wrote Jami` at-Tirmidhi hadith books | Muhammad ibn Isa at-Tirmidhi (824–892) wrote Jami` at-Tirmidhi hadith books | Muhammad ibn Isa at-Tirmidhi (824–892) wrote Jami` at-Tirmidhi hadith books | Muhammad ibn Isa at-Tirmidhi (824–892) wrote Jami` at-Tirmidhi hadith books | Muhammad ibn Isa at-Tirmidhi (824–892) wrote Jami` at-Tirmidhi hadith books | Muhammad ibn Isa at-Tirmidhi (824–892) wrote Jami` at-Tirmidhi hadith books | Al-Baladhuri (died 892) wrote early history Futuh al-Buldan, Genealogies of the Nobles | Al-Baladhuri (died 892) wrote early history Futuh al-Buldan, Genealogies of the Nobles | Al-Baladhuri (died 892) wrote early history Futuh al-Buldan, Genealogies of the Nobles | Al-Baladhuri (died 892) wrote early history Futuh al-Buldan, Genealogies of the Nobles | Al-Baladhuri (died 892) wrote early history Futuh al-Buldan, Genealogies of the Nobles | Al-Baladhuri (died 892) wrote early history Futuh al-Buldan, Genealogies of the Nobles |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ibn Majah (824–887) wrote Sunan ibn Majah hadith book | Ibn Majah (824–887) wrote Sunan ibn Majah hadith book | Ibn Majah (824–887) wrote Sunan ibn Majah hadith book | Ibn Majah (824–887) wrote Sunan ibn Majah hadith book | Ibn Majah (824–887) wrote Sunan ibn Majah hadith book | Ibn Majah (824–887) wrote Sunan ibn Majah hadith book | | | Abu Dawood (817–889) wrote Sunan Abu Dawood Hadith Book | Abu Dawood (817–889) wrote Sunan Abu Dawood Hadith Book | Abu Dawood (817–889) wrote Sunan Abu Dawood Hadith Book | Abu Dawood (817–889) wrote Sunan Abu Dawood Hadith Book | Abu Dawood (817–889) wrote Sunan Abu Dawood Hadith Book | Abu Dawood (817–889) wrote Sunan Abu Dawood Hadith Book | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (864- 941) wrote Kitab al-Kafi hadith book followed by Twelver Shia | Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (864- 941) wrote Kitab al-Kafi hadith book followed by Twelver Shia | Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (864- 941) wrote Kitab al-Kafi hadith book followed by Twelver Shia | Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (864- 941) wrote Kitab al-Kafi hadith book followed by Twelver Shia | Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (864- 941) wrote Kitab al-Kafi hadith book followed by Twelver Shia | Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (864- 941) wrote Kitab al-Kafi hadith book followed by Twelver Shia | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923) wrote History of the Prophets and Kings, Tafsir al-Tabari | Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923) wrote History of the Prophets and Kings, Tafsir al-Tabari | Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923) wrote History of the Prophets and Kings, Tafsir al-Tabari | Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923) wrote History of the Prophets and Kings, Tafsir al-Tabari | Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923) wrote History of the Prophets and Kings, Tafsir al-Tabari | Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari (838–923) wrote History of the Prophets and Kings, Tafsir al-Tabari | | | Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari (874–936) wrote Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn, Kitāb al-luma, Kitāb al-ibāna 'an usūl al-diyāna | Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari (874–936) wrote Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn, Kitāb al-luma, Kitāb al-ibāna 'an usūl al-diyāna | Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari (874–936) wrote Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn, Kitāb al-luma, Kitāb al-ibāna 'an usūl al-diyāna | Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari (874–936) wrote Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn, Kitāb al-luma, Kitāb al-ibāna 'an usūl al-diyāna | Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari (874–936) wrote Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn, Kitāb al-luma, Kitāb al-ibāna 'an usūl al-diyāna | Abu Hasan al-Ash'ari (874–936) wrote Maqālāt al-islāmīyīn, Kitāb al-luma, Kitāb al-ibāna 'an usūl al-diyāna | | | | | | | | | | |
| Ibn Babawayh (923–991) wrote Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih jurisprudence followed by Twelver Shia | Ibn Babawayh (923–991) wrote Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih jurisprudence followed by Twelver Shia | Ibn Babawayh (923–991) wrote Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih jurisprudence followed by Twelver Shia | Ibn Babawayh (923–991) wrote Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih jurisprudence followed by Twelver Shia | Ibn Babawayh (923–991) wrote Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih jurisprudence followed by Twelver Shia | Ibn Babawayh (923–991) wrote Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih jurisprudence followed by Twelver Shia | | | Sharif Razi (930–977) wrote Nahj al-Balagha followed by Twelver Shia | Sharif Razi (930–977) wrote Nahj al-Balagha followed by Twelver Shia | Sharif Razi (930–977) wrote Nahj al-Balagha followed by Twelver Shia | Sharif Razi (930–977) wrote Nahj al-Balagha followed by Twelver Shia | Sharif Razi (930–977) wrote Nahj al-Balagha followed by Twelver Shia | Sharif Razi (930–977) wrote Nahj al-Balagha followed by Twelver Shia | | | Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201–1274) wrote jurisprudence books followed by Ismaili and Twelver Shia | Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201–1274) wrote jurisprudence books followed by Ismaili and Twelver Shia | Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201–1274) wrote jurisprudence books followed by Ismaili and Twelver Shia | Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201–1274) wrote jurisprudence books followed by Ismaili and Twelver Shia | Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201–1274) wrote jurisprudence books followed by Ismaili and Twelver Shia | Nasir al-Din al-Tusi (1201–1274) wrote jurisprudence books followed by Ismaili and Twelver Shia | | | | | Al-Ghazali (1058–1111) wrote The Niche for Lights, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, The Alchemy of Happiness on Sufism | Al-Ghazali (1058–1111) wrote The Niche for Lights, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, The Alchemy of Happiness on Sufism | Al-Ghazali (1058–1111) wrote The Niche for Lights, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, The Alchemy of Happiness on Sufism | Al-Ghazali (1058–1111) wrote The Niche for Lights, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, The Alchemy of Happiness on Sufism | Al-Ghazali (1058–1111) wrote The Niche for Lights, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, The Alchemy of Happiness on Sufism | Al-Ghazali (1058–1111) wrote The Niche for Lights, The Incoherence of the Philosophers, The Alchemy of Happiness on Sufism | | | Rumi (1207–1273) wrote Masnavi, Diwan-e Shams-e Tabrizi on Sufism | Rumi (1207–1273) wrote Masnavi, Diwan-e Shams-e Tabrizi on Sufism | Rumi (1207–1273) wrote Masnavi, Diwan-e Shams-e Tabrizi on Sufism | Rumi (1207–1273) wrote Masnavi, Diwan-e Shams-e Tabrizi on Sufism | Rumi (1207–1273) wrote Masnavi, Diwan-e Shams-e Tabrizi on Sufism | Rumi (1207–1273) wrote Masnavi, Diwan-e Shams-e Tabrizi on Sufism | | | | | | | | | | |
| Key: Some of Muhammad's Companions | Key: Some of Muhammad's Companions | Key: Some of Muhammad's Companions | Key: Some of Muhammad's Companions | Key: Some of Muhammad's Companions | Key: Some of Muhammad's Companions | Key: Taught in Medina | Key: Taught in Medina | Key: Taught in Medina | Key: Taught in Medina | Key: Taught in Medina | Key: Taught in Medina | Key: Taught in Iraq | Key: Taught in Iraq | Key: Taught in Iraq | Key: Taught in Iraq | Key: Taught in Iraq | Key: Taught in Iraq | Key: Worked in Syria | Key: Worked in Syria | Key: Worked in Syria | Key: Worked in Syria | Key: Worked in Syria | Key: Worked in Syria | Key: Travelled extensively collecting the sayings of Muhammad and compiled books of hadith | Key: Travelled extensively collecting the sayings of Muhammad and compiled books of hadith | Key: Travelled extensively collecting the sayings of Muhammad and compiled books of hadith | Key: Travelled extensively collecting the sayings of Muhammad and compiled books of hadith | Key: Travelled extensively collecting the sayings of Muhammad and compiled books of hadith | Key: Travelled extensively collecting the sayings of Muhammad and compiled books of hadith | Key: Worked in Persia | Key: Worked in Persia | Key: Worked in Persia | Key: Worked in Persia | Key: Worked in Persia | Key: Worked in Persia | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |