OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# TIP TIG

TIP TIG is a subset of gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), using a mechanism called filler wire agitation to enhance molten weld pool dynamics. This agitation has been found to enhance the weld puddle fluidity and release evolving gases, reducing the chances of inclusions and porosity, and also separate impurities.
Welding systems that employ the TIP TIG method are in fact GTAW systems, simply wire fed, that additionally induce a vibratory effect on the wire and apply hot wire current on the filler metal before it even enters the weld pool. The vibration comes from a linear forward and backward motion applied mechanically using a custom wire feeder system. A secondary power, on the other hand, creates the hot wire current.
The TIP TIG process was invented and patented 1999 by the Austrian engineer, Siegfried Plasch with the intention of a higher deposition rate compared to the regular GTAW process.
# VGF

VGF or VGF nerve growth factor inducible is a secreted protein and neuropeptide precursor that may play a role in regulating energy homeostasis, metabolism and synaptic plasticity. The protein was first discovered in 1985 by Levi et al. in an experiment with PC12 cells and its name is non-acronymic. VGF gene encodes a precursor which is divided by proteolysis to polypeptides of different mass, which have a variety of functions, the best studied of which are the roles of TLQP-21 in the control of appetite and inflammation, and TLQP-62 as well as AQEE-30 in regulating depression-like behaviors and memory. The expression of VGF and VGF-derived peptides is detected in a subset of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems and specific populations of endocrine cells in the adenohypophysis, adrenal medulla, gastrointestinal tract, and pancreas. VGF expression is induced by NGF, CREB and BDNF and regulated by neurotrophin-3. Physical exercise significantly increases VGF expression in mice hippocampal tissue and upregulates a neurotrophic signaling cascade thought to underlie the action of antidepressants.

## Role in pathology

Changes in expression of discrete VGF fragments have been detected in different neurological and psychiatric conditions. In schizophrenia, one study has shown an increase in the VGF23-62 peptide and a subsequent small study demonstrated that drugs further increase the expression, pointing at a possible ameliorating action of the fragment. A decreased expression of VGF26-62 peptide was found in frontotemporal dementia and the expression of a fragment containing aminoacids 378-398 was found to be changing in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. VGF expression has also been shown in damaged peripheral nerves, and it is thought to have a role in neuropathic pain. In glioblastoma, VGF has been shown to play autocrine and paracrine roles in feedback loops between differentiated glioblastoma cells and glioblastoma-specific cancer stem cells, promoting growth, survival and self-renewal.
# Chris Fogel

Chris Fogel is an American recording engineer and mix engineer. He has earned several awards including two Primetime Emmy Awards, two Cinema Audio Society Awards and two Grammy awards.
In addition to recording and mixing the music for hundreds of films and television shows, Fogel recorded and mixed Alanis Morissette’s Jagged Little Pill album, which won 5 Grammy Awards in 1996, including Album of the Year.

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Result | Award | Category | Work |
| 2023 | Nominated | Primetime Emmy Awards | Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Comedy or Drama Series (Half-Hour) and Animation | The Mandalorian: Chapter 24: The Return |
| 2023 | Nominated | Cinema Audio Society Awards | Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for Television Series – One Hour | Severance |
| 2023 | Nominated | Cinema Audio Society Awards | Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for a Motion Picture – Animated | Turning Red |
| 2021 | Won | Cinema Audio Society Awards | Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for Television Series – Half Hour | The Mandalorian: Chapter 2: The Child |
| 2021 | Nominated | Cinema Audio Society Awards | Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for Television Series – Half Hour | The Mandalorian: Chapter 13: The Jedi |
| 2021 | Nominated | Cinema Audio Society Awards | Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for a Motion Picture – Animated | Trolls World Tour |
| 2021 | Won | Primetime Emmy Awards | Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Comedy or Drama Series (One-Hour) | The Mandalorian: Chapter 13: The Jedi |
| 2020 | Won | Primetime Emmy Awards | Outstanding Sound Mixing for a Comedy or Drama Series (Half-Hour) and Animation | The Mandalorian: Chapter 2: The Child |
| 2019 | Nominated | Cinema Audio Society Awards | Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for a Motion Picture – Live Action | Black Panther |
| 2019 | Won | Grammy Awards | Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media | Black Panther |
| 2018 | Nominated | Grammy Awards | Album of the Year | "Awaken, My Love!" |
| 2014 | Nominated | Cinema Audio Society Awards | Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for Television Movie or Limited Series | Phil Spector |
| 2013 | Nominated | Cinema Audio Society Awards | Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for Television Movie or Limited Series | Game Change |
| 2012 | Won | Cinema Audio Society Awards | Outstanding Achievement in Sound Mixing for Television Movie or Limited Series | Too Big to Fail |
| 1999 | Nominated | Grammy Awards | Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical | Contact from the Underworld of Redboy |
# Liberia Restoration Party

The Liberia Restoration Party (LRP) is a political party in Liberia.

## History

The LRP was certified by the National Elections Commission on June 26, 2017. It is an off-shoot of Liberia Restoration to Christian Heritage, an organization centered around making Liberia into a Christian state. MacDella Cooper was the first standard bearer of the party, and the first presidential candidate. She was the only female presidential candidate in the 2017 election. Her running mate was William R. Slocum. Cooper supported Coalition for Democratic Change (CDC) candidate George Weah in the subsequent run-off election.
The LRP ran 37 candidates in the 2017 House of Representatives election, 11 of them being women. The party won no seats in the legislature. The LRP won no seats in the 2020 Senate election. In a 2021 by-election for the Grand Gedeh County #1 District seat, LRP candidate Erol Madison Gwion Sr. defeated ruling party CDC candidate Jeremiah Garwo Sokan.
In March 2023, the LRP convention held in Tubmanburg the convention elected Gabriel H. Salee as National Chairman of LRP, while it elected Allen R. Brown Jr. as standard bearer. By July 2023, LRP Rep. Gwion returned to the CDC. Brown was the LRP presidential candidate in 2023, his running mate being Noosevett J. Weah. In the 2023 House election, the LRP ran 17 candidates. Marie G. Johnson won election in the Grand Gedeh County #2 District. In the 2023 Senate election, the LRP ran 3 candidates. Thomas Yaya Nimely won in Grand Gedeh County.

## Election results
### Presidential elections

| Election | Candidate | Votes | % | Votes | % | Result |
| Election | Candidate | First round | First round | Second round | Second round | | Result |
| 2017 | MacDella Cooper | 11,645 | 0.75 | - | - | Lost N |
| 2023 | Allen R. Brown Jr. | 15,607 | 0.85 | - | - | Lost N |

### Senate elections

| Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position |
| 2020 | 7,253 | 0.82 | 0 / 30 | New | |
| 2023 | 26,575 | 1.47 | 1 / 30 | - | 6th |

### House of Representatives elections

| Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position |
| 2017 | 11,690 | 0.76 | 0 / 73 | New | |
| 2023 | 13,604 | 0.75 | 1 / 73 | 1 | 7th |
# Osage Township, Bourbon County, Kansas

Osage Township is a township in Bourbon County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2000 census, its population was 394.

## Geography

Osage Township covers an area of 48.39 square miles (125.3 km$^2$) and contains no incorporated settlements. According to the USGS, it contains four cemeteries: Barnesville, Fairview, Maple Grove and West Liberty.
The Little Osage River and smaller streams of Fish Creek, Indian Creek and Moores Branch run through this township. Fish Creek, Indian Creek and Moores Branch all enter the Little Osage in Osage Township.

## Transportation

Osage Township contains two airports or landing strips: Emmerson Airport and Lyons Field.
# Libyan Paralympic Committee

Libyan Paralympic Committee (Arabic: اللجنة البارالمبية الليبية) is the National Paralympic Committee operating in Libya which is also the main official governing body of Disabled and Para Sports in Libya responsible for sending, supporting, funding the teams representing Libya and disabled sportspeople at the Paralympics and in other para sporting events. The organisation took the responsibility for sending sportspeople at the Paralympics since 1996. The Libyan Paralympic Committee was established in 1981 as Libyan Federation of Sport Organizations for the Disabled during the tenure of Muammar Gaddafi and the sports body is affiliated with the International Paralympic Committee (IPC), which is the world governing body of disabled sports.
The sports governing body also faced setback on sending participants to represent Libya at the 2016 Summer Paralympics due to financial crisis emerged as a result of breakout of Libyan Civil War. It only managed to send just three competitors for the event.
# Iliff, Colorado

The Town of Iliff is a Statutory Town located in Logan County, Colorado, United States. The population was 246 at the 2020 United States census.

## History

The town was named for John Wesley Iliff, a cattleman who owned a ranch near the town site.
The people of Iliff have proven to be a resilient folk, surviving a blizzard in 1949 and a flood in 1968. Iliff resides on the fertile banks of the South Platte River. The South Platte has been a cornerstone to the community.
The first building constructed was a Post Office and Real Estate Office in 1870. On January 6, 1885, the city was surveyed and on May 4 of that year, a school district was organized. By 1887 a grocery store and lumber yard were in business. The Iliff Bank was established in 1907. By 1915 there was a Baptist church and a John Deere Implement Dealership added to the town. The Farmer's Alfalfa Milling Company started in 1918. There were also two doctors, Daniels and Houff, who owned a drug store. In 1920 the Glory Park Theater opened. In 1923 a town Marshall was hired and an old rail boxcar was used as a jail. In 1928 the Catholic Church was built.
The growth declined during the depression, and again during World War II. In 1957 there were eleven businesses that slowly diminished with more people willing to drive 12 miles to Sterling, CO and the opening of Interstate 76, which took all but local travelers off of state highway 138.

## Geography

Iliff is located at 40°45′32″N 103°03′57″W﻿ / ﻿40.758911°N 103.065841°W﻿ / 40.758911; -103.065841.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.2 square miles (0.52 km$^2$), all of it land.
# Jayson Valdez

Jayson Valdez (born September 15, 1995) is a Filipino sports shooter who has competed in the 2010 Asian Games and the 2018 Asian Games. He also competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.

## Education

Valdez was a student of Malate Catholic School. He also attended Adamson University where he graduated with a degree in customs administration.

## Career
### Early career

Valdez started his sports shooting career in 2009 and represented the Philippines in international competitions. He was part of the National Youth Development Program of the Philippine National Shooting Association. His father Julius Valdez, was a sports shooter like himself and a three-time gold medalist at the Southeast Asian Games. The younger Valdez was also coached by his father, who is also the national shooting coach. Initially Jayson took up taekwondo at age 13 and only played sports shooting with his father for leisure purposes only. He was encouraged to pursue a competitive career in shooting by his father, as well as his eventual teammate Tac Padilla, who also ran a shooting clinic.

### 2010 to 2019

Jayson Valdez competed in the 2010 Asian Games in Guangzhou, China but was not able to clinch a medal. At the 2015 Southeast Asian Games in Singapore, Valdez clinched a bronze medal.
In 2018, Valdez reportedly received an offer to compete for Singapore; a proposition he rejected. He competed in the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta, Indonesia where he took part in the men's 10m air rifle and men's 50m rifle 3 position events; failing to progress to the finals of both events. He however, broke his own Philippine national record for the first event.
He competed in the 2019 Southeast Asian Games which was hosted by the Philippines but failed to make a podium finish.

### 2020 Summer Olympics

Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, Valdez decided to loss weight as part of his bid to get enlisted in the Philippine Army believing that the 2020 Summer Olympics scheduled to be held in Tokyo, Japan would be cancelled. According to him, his consistency in shooting has improve since his lifestyle change.
Valdez qualified for the 2020 Summer Olympics in June 2021, which has been postponed for a year due to the pandemic. He qualified through accumulating enough minimum qualifying scores in Olympic qualifying tournaments, including the 2018 Asian Championship in Kuwait and the 2019 ISSF World Cup series. Competing in the men's 10 m air rifle, Valdez failed to progress to the event final after scoring 612.6 in the qualification round. The score meant that he finished the 44th best shooter among 47 competitors.

## Personal life

Valdez got offered to get enlisted in the Philippine Army in 2015 but he only made the final decision to join in January 2021. He postponed his enlistment bid upon qualifying for the 2020 Summer Olympics which was postponed for a year. His father, Julius also served in the Philippine Marines with the rank of second lieutenant while his mother is a school teacher at Sun Valley Elementary School in Parañaque.
# Xavier Ford

Xavier Ford (born May 30, 2000) is an American-Indonesian professional basketball for the Borneo Hornbills of the Indonesian Basketball League (IBL). He played college basketball for the Sacramento State Hornets of the Big Sky Conference.

## Personal life

His parents are Charles Ford and Diana Ford and reportedly has Indonesian descent from them. He studied kinesiology at his time in Sacramento State University.

## High school career

Ford graduated in 2018 from Maranatha High School and played one season of varsity ball. He helped the Minutemen to an Olympic League championship that season, and was named first team all-area and first team all-league. He was also named a Pasadena Sports Now All-Star and averaged 18.1 points, 3.6 rebounds, 3.6 assists and 2.0 steals per game.

## College career
### Riverside CC (2019-2021)

Spent two seasons at Riverside City College in Riverside, California. His team did not play a game during the 2020–21 season because of the pandemic. As a result, Ford played the 2018–19 season at Elite Prep in Cerritos, California and averaged 16.1 points, 3.2 rebounds and 3.1 assists per game. Next season at the 2019–20 season he played all 30 games, their team went 21–9 overall and won a share of the Orange Empire Conference regular season, he averaged 8.0 points, 3.2 rebounds, 1.5 assists and 23.2 minutes per game.

### Sacramento State (2021-2023)
#### 2021-22

Ford joins the Hornets and played in seven games, scored his first point of his collegiate career at the Big Sky Tournament against Montana State. He averaged 3.7 minutes of action during his seven games played.

#### 2022-23

Played in three games, Ford finished with a point and three rebounds in two minutes vs. Stanislaus State Warriors, and also gained minutes against UCLA Bruins and the Hawaii Rainbow Warriors.
source:

## Professional career

After graduation Ford was called up by the Indonesia national team for selection.

### Satria Muda Pertamina

Ford was rumoured to join Satria Muda Pertamina, but it never happened.

### Borneo Hornbills

At November 26, 2024, Borneo Hornbills signs Ford, filling in his role as a heritage player.
# John Cummins (Canadian politician)

John Martin Cummins (March 12, 1942 – March 2, 2025) was a Canadian politician. He was the leader of the British Columbia Conservative Party from 2011 until resigning after the 2013 election.
A member of the Conservative Party of Canada, he represented the riding of Delta—Richmond East in British Columbia in the House of Commons from 1993 until 2011, when he turned to provincial politics becoming the leader of the unaffiliated provincial Conservative Party.

## Early life and education

Born in Georgetown, Ontario, Cummins obtained a bachelor's degree from the University of Western Ontario where he attended King's University College and a master's degree from the University of British Columbia.

## Before politics

Before entering politics, Cummins worked in the pulp and paper industry in Ontario, the oil fields of Alberta and on the construction of the W. A. C. Bennett Dam in northern British Columbia. He taught school in the Northwest Territories and in the Peace River district of northern Alberta, then spent fifteen years teaching in Delta, British Columbia. Cummins was also a commercial fisherman; he owned and operated commercial fishing boats in BC for over 20 years.

## Politics

Cummins was first elected to the House of Commons in the 1993 election, as a Reform Party member. He was re-elected in 1997, 2000 (as a member of the Canadian Alliance), 2004, 2006, and 2008 (as a Conservative).
As a member of Parliament, Cummins served twice as party critic for fisheries and oceans, in addition to his work on various other House of Commons and joint committees.
On October 19, 2010, Bill Tieleman wrote about John Cummins convention speech where Tieleman writes that "the BC Conservatives are going to target not only disgruntled BC Liberal voters but also the NDP's traditional support bases".
On March 12, 2011, Cummins announced that he would not be seeking re-election in the federal election held on May 2, 2011. On March 29, 2011, Cummins announced he would seek the leadership of the British Columbia Conservative Party, and was acclaimed leader at the party's convention on May 28, 2011.
On November 28, 2011, Cummins recommended that a review of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police in BC, including whether a provincial police force should be considered. This was announced following a review from Brian Peckford.

## Controversies

During an interview on CFAX 1070 Radio on May 11, 2011, prior to becoming leader of the BC Conservatives, Cummins was questioned by the host of the radio show about his stance on gay rights following a suggestion that homosexuality was a choice. He issued an apology a couple days later, saying "My comments on CFAX radio this past Wednesday may have been misinterpreted and may have offended some. I apologize for that".

## Death

Cummins died at the Royal Inland Hospital in Kamloops, British Columbia, on March 2, 2025, at the age of 82. He had been in ill health following a stroke in August 2020.
# Savvas Tsabouris

Savvas Tsabouris (Greek: Σάββας Τσαμπούρης; born 16 July 1986) is a Greek former professional footballer who played as a right-back.

## Career

Tsabouris previously played for Egaleo, Ilisiakos, Chaidari and Asteras Tripolis. In the summer of 2014 he was transferred to Kalloni. On 20 May 2016, he signed a contract with Cypriot club Nea Salamina for an undisclosed fee.
On 30 June 2021, Apollon Smyrnis announced his retirement as a professional footballer, but not his retirement from an involvement in football, naming him in the same announcement as the new team manager of the club.

## Career statistics

    As of 1 June 2021
| Club | Season | League | League | League | Cup | Cup | Continental | Continental | Other | Other | Total | Total |
| Club | Season | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Chaidari | 2006–07 | Super League Greece 2 | 29 | 6 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 32 | 8 |
| Chaidari | 2007–08 | Super League Greece 2 | 24 | 9 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 24 | 9 |
| Chaidari | Total | Total | 53 | 15 | 3 | 2 | — | — | — | — | 56 | 17 |
| Ilisiakos | 2008–09 | Super League Greece 2 | 32 | 3 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 34 | 3 |
| Egaleo | 2009–10 | Super League Greece 2 | 26 | 1 | 2 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 28 | 2 |
| Asteras Tripolis | 2010–11 | Super League Greece | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 6 | 0 |
| Asteras Tripolis | 2011–12 | Super League Greece | 26 | 1 | 4 | 1 | — | — | — | — | 30 | 2 |
| Asteras Tripolis | 2012–13 | Super League Greece | 32 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 4 | 0 | — | — | 43 | 1 |
| Asteras Tripolis | 2013–14 | Super League Greece | 20 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | — | — | 23 | 0 |
| Asteras Tripolis | Total | Total | 84 | 2 | 12 | 1 | 6 | 0 | — | — | 102 | 3 |
| Kalloni | 2014–15 | Super League Greece | 19 | 1 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 21 | 1 |
| Kalloni | 2015–16 | Super League Greece | 25 | 0 | 4 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 29 | 0 |
| Kalloni | Total | Total | 44 | 1 | 6 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 50 | 1 |
| Nea Salamina | 2016–17 | Cypriot First Division | 30 | 2 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 31 | 2 |
| Levadiakos | 2017–18 | Super League Greece | 28 | 0 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 29 | 0 |
| Levadiakos | 2018–19 | Super League Greece | 29 | 1 | 1 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 30 | 1 |
| Levadiakos | Total | Total | 57 | 1 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 59 | 1 |
| Nea Salamina | 2019–20 | Cypriot First Division | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 9 | 0 |
| Apollon Smyrnis | 2019–20 | Super League Greece 2 | 9 | 0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 9 | 0 |
| Apollon Smyrnis | 2020–21 | Super League Greece | 20 | 2 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 22 | 2 |
| Apollon Smyrnis | Total | Total | 29 | 2 | 2 | 0 | — | — | — | — | 31 | 2 |
| Career total | Career total | Career total | 354 | 27 | 31 | 4 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 391 | 31 |

## Honours

Asteras Tripolis
* Greek Cup runner-up: 2012–13
# Jalen Rivers

Jalen Rivers is an American college football offensive tackle for the Miami Hurricanes.

## Early life

Rivers attended Oakleaf High School in Orange Park, Florida. He was rated as a four-star recruit, the 2nd overall player in the state of Florida, and the 32nd overall player in the class of 2020. He committed to play college football for the Miami Hurricanes over offers from schools such as Alabama, Florida, Florida State, and Georgia.

## College career

As a freshman in 2020, Rivers played seven games for Miami. In 2021, he started the first three games before missing the rest of the season with a knee injury. In 2022, Rivers appeared in nine games for the Hurricanes, making seven starts. In 2023, he started all 13 games, earning second-team all-ACC honors.

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables :
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split | Broad jump | Bench press |
| 6 ft 5+3⁄4 in (1.97 m) | 319 lb (145 kg) | 34+7⁄8 in (0.89 m) | 10 in (0.25 m) | 5.29 s | 1.85 s | 9 ft 0 in (2.74 m) | 23 reps |
| All values from NFL Combine ||||||||
# Tabanus gratus

Tabanus gratus is a species of horse fly in the family Tabanidae.

## Distribution

Originally described as Tabanus gratus in 1858 by Hermann Loew from a female specimen collected in South Africa as Caffraria. Afrotropical and Palearctic species. Widespread in Africa, penetrating the Palearctic realm through the East Mediterranean from Egypt and Cyprus, through Western Saudi Arabia and the Levant to Iran and Afghanistan.

## Blood feeding hosts and veterinary relevance

Known hosts in Europe and the Levant are horses and camels, in Africa—horses and cattle. In Africa this species is an important vector for Trypanosoma parasites causing the disease surra. Surra is a major disease in camels, equines, cattle and dogs, in which it can often be fatal.