# Bourbon County, Kansas

Bourbon County is a county located in Southeast Kansas. Its county seat and most populous city is Fort Scott. As of the 2020 census, the county population was 14,360. The county was named after Bourbon County, Kentucky, the former home of many early settlers.

## History
### Early history

In 1855, Bourbon County was established and named after Bourbon County, Kentucky, due to the significant number of settlers from that region. Its early history is tied to the establishment of Fort Scott in 1842 to manage relations with Indian tribes in the region, and particularly with the Osage. The county's first settlers, many of whom were pro-slavery, faced opposition from free-state advocates, leading to violent confrontations during the Bleeding Kansas era and later during the Civil War, such the Battle of Mine Creek in 1864.
The aftermath of the Civil War brought economic and demographic changes; many ex-soldiers settled in the area, contributing to its agricultural growth. Post-war years saw the railroad's arrival, connecting Bourbon County to broader markets and facilitating the expansion of coal mining and agriculture, particularly wheat, corn, and later, sorghum.

### 21st century

Bourbon virus, a new strain of thogotovirus, was first discovered in Bourbon County. In the spring of 2014 an otherwise healthy man was bitten by a tick, contracting the virus, dying 11 days later from organ failure.

## Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 639 square miles (1,660 km$^2$), of which 635 square miles (1,640 km$^2$) is land and 3.6 square miles (9.3 km$^2$) (0.6%) is water.

### Adjacent counties

* Linn County (north)
* Vernon County, Missouri (east)
* Crawford County (south)
* Neosho County (southwest)
* Allen County (west)
* Anderson County (northwest)

### National protected area

* Fort Scott National Historic Site

### Major highways

Sources: National Atlas, U.S. Census Bureau
* U.S. Route 54
* U.S. Route 69
* Kansas Highway 3
* Kansas Highway 7
* Kansas Highway 31
* Kansas Highway 39
* Kansas Highway 65

## Demographics

As of the 2000 census, there were 15,379 people, 6,161 households, and 4,127 families residing in the county. The population density was 24 people per square mile (9.3 people/km$^2$). There were 7,135 housing units at an average density of 11 per square mile (4.2/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the county was 94.06% White, 3.08% Black or African American, 0.84% Native American, 0.36% Asian, 0.05% Pacific Islander, 0.28% from other races, and 1.33% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.29% of the population.
There were 6,161 households, out of which 30.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.50% were married couples living together, 9.20% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.00% were non-families. 29.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.01.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.80% under the age of 18, 9.50% from 18 to 24, 24.20% from 25 to 44, 22.30% from 45 to 64, and 18.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females there were 93.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.50 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $31,199, and the median income for a family was $39,239. Males had a median income of $27,043 versus $20,983 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,393. About 9.50% of families and 13.50% of the population were below the poverty line, including 18.00% of those under age 18 and 13.40% of those age 65 or over.

## Government
### Presidential elections

Bourbon County is a strongly Republican county. Only six presidential elections from 1888 to the present have resulted in Republicans failing to win the county, with the last of these being in 1964.
United States presidential election results for Bourbon County, Kansas :
| Year | Republican | Republican | Democratic | Democratic | Third party(ies) | Third party(ies) |
| Year | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % |
| 2024 | 5,003 | 75.90% | 1,444 | 21.91% | 145 | 2.20% |
| 2020 | 5,023 | 75.24% | 1,541 | 23.08% | 112 | 1.68% |
| 2016 | 4,424 | 71.64% | 1,336 | 21.64% | 415 | 6.72% |
| 2012 | 4,102 | 65.59% | 1,996 | 31.92% | 156 | 2.49% |
| 2008 | 4,240 | 62.53% | 2,394 | 35.30% | 147 | 2.17% |
| 2004 | 4,372 | 65.39% | 2,216 | 33.14% | 98 | 1.47% |
| 2000 | 3,852 | 61.07% | 2,211 | 35.05% | 245 | 3.88% |
| 1996 | 3,318 | 50.17% | 2,491 | 37.66% | 805 | 12.17% |
| 1992 | 2,876 | 40.17% | 2,509 | 35.05% | 1,774 | 24.78% |
| 1988 | 3,660 | 57.80% | 2,623 | 41.42% | 49 | 0.77% |
| 1984 | 4,858 | 68.40% | 2,175 | 30.63% | 69 | 0.97% |
| 1980 | 4,263 | 59.22% | 2,605 | 36.19% | 331 | 4.60% |
| 1976 | 3,589 | 51.80% | 3,237 | 46.72% | 103 | 1.49% |
| 1972 | 4,776 | 70.09% | 1,912 | 28.06% | 126 | 1.85% |
| 1968 | 3,983 | 56.87% | 2,241 | 32.00% | 780 | 11.14% |
| 1964 | 3,290 | 44.93% | 3,980 | 54.35% | 53 | 0.72% |
| 1960 | 5,062 | 63.03% | 2,928 | 36.46% | 41 | 0.51% |
| 1956 | 5,306 | 62.39% | 3,151 | 37.05% | 47 | 0.55% |
| 1952 | 5,785 | 65.26% | 3,023 | 34.10% | 56 | 0.63% |
| 1948 | 4,225 | 51.43% | 3,879 | 47.22% | 111 | 1.35% |
| 1944 | 4,790 | 56.68% | 3,622 | 42.86% | 39 | 0.46% |
| 1940 | 5,751 | 53.61% | 4,898 | 45.66% | 78 | 0.73% |
| 1936 | 5,402 | 48.58% | 5,714 | 51.38% | 4 | 0.04% |
| 1932 | 4,277 | 42.62% | 5,577 | 55.58% | 181 | 1.80% |
| 1928 | 7,251 | 75.88% | 2,223 | 23.26% | 82 | 0.86% |
| 1924 | 4,210 | 48.96% | 2,850 | 33.15% | 1,538 | 17.89% |
| 1920 | 4,194 | 52.09% | 3,632 | 45.11% | 225 | 2.79% |
| 1916 | 3,370 | 37.58% | 5,209 | 58.09% | 388 | 4.33% |
| 1912 | 1,448 | 27.04% | 2,209 | 41.25% | 1,698 | 31.71% |
| 1908 | 2,695 | 47.83% | 2,686 | 47.67% | 253 | 4.49% |
| 1904 | 3,234 | 59.26% | 1,808 | 33.13% | 415 | 7.60% |
| 1900 | 3,024 | 51.36% | 2,799 | 47.54% | 65 | 1.10% |
| 1896 | 2,900 | 48.20% | 3,067 | 50.97% | 50 | 0.83% |
| 1892 | 2,803 | 49.24% | 0 | 0.00% | 2,889 | 50.76% |
| 1888 | 3,569 | 57.07% | 1,831 | 29.28% | 854 | 13.66% |

### Laws

Following amendment to the Kansas Constitution in 1986, the county remained a prohibition, or "dry", county until 1992, when voters approved the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink with a 30% food sales requirement.

## Education
### Colleges

* Fort Scott Community College

### Unified school districts

* Fort Scott USD 234
* Uniontown USD 235

## Communities

List of townships / incorporated cities / unincorporated communities / extinct former communities within Bourbon County.

### Cities

* Bronson
* Fort Scott (county seat)
* Fulton
* Mapleton
* Redfield
* Uniontown

### Unincorporated communities

† means a community is designated a Census-Designated Place (CDP) by the United States Census Bureau.
* Barnesville
* Berlin
* Devon†
* Garland†
* Godfrey
* Hammond
* Harding
* Hiattville
* Marmaton
* Pawnee Station
* Porterville
* Xenia

### Townships

Bourbon County is divided into eleven townships. The city of Fort Scott is considered governmentally independent and is excluded from the census figures for the townships. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.

## Notable people

* Richard Christy (b. 1974), drummer, radio personality; born and raised in Bourbon County
* Jonathan Davis (1871–1943), 22nd Governor of Kansas; born in Bourbon County.
* Sarah Hall (1832–1926), president of Bourbon County Equal Suffrage Association; lived in Fort Scott, Bourbon County 1870–1911
* Gordon Parks (1912–2006), photographer, composer, author, poet, and film director, who became prominent in U.S. documentary photojournalism in the 1940s; born in Bourbon County