OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Terrance Dotsy

Terrance Dotsy (born November 24, 1981) is an American former professional football lineman who played four seasons with the Dallas Desperados of the Arena Football League (AFL). He first enrolled at Ventura College before transferring to the University of California, Berkeley. Dotsy was also a member of the Quad City Steamwheelers of the af2.

## Early life

Dotsy played high school football at Santa Clara High School in Oxnard, California. He was a three-year starter at both tight end and defensive end for the Saints. He also started three seasons as a pitcher and first baseman on the baseball team. Dotsy was a starter on Santa Clara's state championship basketball team in 1999. He was named Santa Clara High School Athlete of the Year for 1998-99.

## College career

Dotsy played his first season of college football as a tight end for the Ventura Pirates of Ventura College in 1999. He was the team's third-leading receiver and was also a big factor in a rushing attack that averaged over 200 yards a game. He was named the team's Freshman of the Year and earned honorable mention Western State Conference honors.
Dotsy transferred to play for the California Golden Bears of the University of California, Berkeley from 2000 to 2002. He missed the first two games of his freshman season in 2000 due to a hand injury. He played in eight games in 2000, recording one solo tackle and one forced fumble. Dotsy played in 11 games in 2001, catching 3 passes for 26 yards. Prior to the 2002 season, Dotsy switched positions from tight end to defensive end. He missed the entire 2002 season due to an MCL tear in his knee. He majored in social welfare at California.

## Professional career

Dotsy played for the Quad City Steamwheelers of the af2 in 2004. He joined the team eleven games into the season, recording 4.5 tackles, including one for a loss, one sack, four pressures, one forced fumble and one pass breakup. He added a ten-yard catch on offense.
Dotsy signed with the Dallas Desperados on October 18, 2004. He played for the Desperados from 2005 to 2008, earning Second Team All-Arena honors in 2007.
Dotsy had a workout with the Dallas Cowboys in 2007.
# Collective effervescence

Collective effervescence (CE) is a sociological concept coined by Émile Durkheim. According to Durkheim, a community or society may at times come together and simultaneously communicate the same thought and participate in the same action. Such an event then causes collective effervescence which excites individuals and serves to unify the group.

## In religion

Émile Durkheim's theory of religion, as presented in his 1912 volume Elementary Forms of Religious Life, is rooted in the concept of collective effervescence. Durkheim argues that the universal religious dichotomy of profane and sacred results from the lives of these tribe members: most of their life is spent performing menial tasks such as hunting and gathering, which are profane. However, during the rare occasions when the entire tribe comes together, a sense of heightened energy and unity, "collective effervescence," emerges. This intense communal experience transforms certain physical objects or individuals into sacred symbols, as the energy of the gathering is projected onto them.
The force is thus associated with the totem which is the symbol of the clan, mentioned by Durkheim in his study of "elementary forms" of religion in Aboriginal societies. Because it provides the tribe's name, the symbol is present during the gathering of the clan. Through its presence in these gatherings, the totem comes to represent both the scene and the strongly felt emotion, and thus becomes a collective representation of the group.
For Durkheim, religion is a fundamentally social phenomenon. The beliefs and practices of the sacred are a method of social organization. This explanation is detailed in Elementary Forms "Book 2/The Elementary Beliefs", chapter 7, "Origins of These Beliefs: Origin of the Idea of the Totemic Principle or Mana". According to Durkheim, "god and society are one of the same…the god of the clan…can be none other than the clan itself, but the clan transfigured and imagined in the physical form of a plant or animal that serves as a totem."
The group members experience a feeling of a loss of individuality and unity with the gods and according to Durkheim, thus with the group.
# Deh-e Mohammad

Deh-e Mohammad (Persian: ده محمد) is a village in, and the capital of, Deh-e Mohammad Rural District of the Central District of Eshqabad County, South Khorasan province, Iran.

## Demographics
### Population

At the time of the 2006 National Census, the village's population was 374 in 116 households, when it was in Dastgerdan Rural District of the former Dastgerdan District of Tabas County, Yazd province. The following census in 2011 counted 389 people in 127 households. The 2016 census measured the population of the village as 368 people in 126 households, by which time the county had been separated from the province to join South Khorasan province.
In 2024, the district was separated from the county in the establishment of Eshqabad County, and the rural district was transferred to the new Central District. Deh-e Mohammad was transferred to Deh-e Mohammad Rural District created in the district.
# White people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

White Congolese are the people from the Democratic Republic of the Congo who are of European descent and are not part of another racial group.

## History

Portuguese explorer Diogo Cão was the first European to discover the Kingdom of Kongo region.
The white population in the Congo is tied to the creation of the Belgian colonial empire and fluctuated during and after Belgian rule. During the existence of the Congo Free State, the European population was estimated at 1500 people. Following annexation and the formation of the Belgian Congo, that number grew to 17,000 in 1930 but plummeted to 11,000 in 1934. In 1947, the white population was 24,000 and 115,157 in 1959. The post-World War II white population increased steadily until 1960, when Belgium granted the Republic of the Congo its independence.
White settlers were primarily government officials and missionaries, and disproportionately young men. Belgians made up between 40 and 65 percent of the white population until after World War II. During the existence of the Congo Free State and the early years of the Belgian Congo, the majority of White Congolese were Scandinavian. Demographics shifted throughout the 1950s. By 1959, 0.9 percent of the total Belgian population lived in the Congo.
Because of the Congo's large land area and population, White Congolese made up only about 0.8 percent of the total population in 1959. Belgian officials discouraged large scale immigration of white settlers to set up small businesses until the final 15 years of the colony's existence.
The White Congolese population contracted after the end of colonization and the Congo Crisis but smaller numbers remained in Zaire and later the Democratic Republic of Congo. White Congolese settlers participated in and supported the secession of the State of Katanga.
White Congolese Belgian nuns were at the center of the 1976 Ebola outbreak at a clinic in Yambuku, with several white health workers becoming fatally ill with the virus.
In 2006, 5,000 people from Belgium and 5,000 people from Greece lived in DR Congo.
White people fled to South Kasai and Katanga.
As of 2024, 2,746 Belgian citizens reside in the Congo.

## Notable people

* Marie Branser (born 1992), German-born naturalized Congolese judoka, 2020 Olympian.
# 2,4-Dinitrotoluene

2,4-Dinitrotoluene (DNT) or dinitro is an organic compound with the formula C$_7$H$_6$N$_2$O$_4$. This pale yellow crystalline solid is well known as a precursor to trinitrotoluene (TNT) but is mainly produced as a precursor to toluene diisocyanate.

## Isomers of dinitrotoluene

Six positional isomers are possible for dinitrotoluene. The most common one is 2,4-dinitrotoluene. The nitration of toluene gives sequentially mononitrotoluene, DNT, and finally TNT. 2,4-DNT is the principal product from dinitration, the other main product being about 30% 1,3-DN2-T. The nitration of 4-nitrotoluene gives 2,4-DNT.

## Applications

Most DNT is used in the production of toluene diisocyanate, which is used to produce flexible polyurethane foams. DNT is hydrogenated to produce 2,4-toluenediamine, which in turn is phosgenated to give toluene diisocyanate. In this way, about 1.4 billion kilograms are produced annually, as of the years 1999–2000. Other uses include the explosives industry. It is not used by itself as an explosive, but some of the production is converted to TNT.
Dinitrotoluene is frequently used as a plasticizer, deterrent coating, and burn rate modifier in propellants (e.g., smokeless gunpowders). As it is carcinogenic and toxic, modern formulations tend to avoid its use. In this application it is often used together with dibutyl phthalate.

## Toxicity

Dinitrotoluenes are highly toxic with a threshold limit value (TLV) of 1.5 mg/m$^3$. It converts hemoglobin into methemoglobin.
2,4-Dinitrotoluene is also a listed hazardous waste under 40 CFR 261.24. Its United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Hazardous Waste Number is D030. The maximum concentration that may be contained to not have toxic characteristics is 0.13 mg/L.
# Destroyer Command

Destroyer Command is a naval simulation released by Ubi Soft in 2002 and developed by the now-defunct Ultimation Inc.

## Gameplay

The game placed the player in command of a Destroyer during World War II, featuring campaigns from both the Pacific War and the Battle of the Atlantic. Customized missions may be played and players can select the opponent's forces and their own. Players can also have the chance to choose the difficulty rating in different games by adjusting the different realism ratings.
The game features two campaigns that include the entire Pacific and Atlantic warfare with 20 missions each. There are 20 predefined historical missions, for example, the Battle of Savo Island, additionally to some training missions, and automatically generated, customized missions. Classes of Destroyers that can be commanded by the player are Bagley, Benham, Benson, Clemson, Farragut, Fletcher, Gleaves, Gridley, Mahan, Porter, Somers, Sims, Allen M. Sumner, and the Wickes classes.
Weaponry that can be controlled by the player are the dual purpose 5"/38 caliber gun, the 4-inch/50 SP gun, the light guns Bofors 40 mm gun and Oerlikon 20 mm cannon, 200 to 600 lb depth charges, and 21-inch torpedoes.

## History

The game was developed by the Ultimation Inc. and released by Ubisoft in 2002. Due to problems with the game a patch (ver 4.10) was released in March 2002 by the developer for download.
After release, instability with the multiplayer feature was found to be commonplace, yet Ubisoft never resolved this issue by releasing another official patch. While in 2002 Ubisoft had ended the official support, they authorized and enabled the game's community at Subsim.com to fix the game themselves by giving them the source code. The fan community raised over $7000 for an unofficial patch development project called Projekt Messerwetzer which ultimately fixed the issues.

## Reception

Aggregate score :
| Aggregator | Score |
| Metacritic | 51/100 |
Review scores :
| Publication | Score |
| 4Players | 50% |
| AllGame | |
| Computer Gaming World | |
| EP Daily | 5/10 |
| GameSpot | 2.5/10 |
| GameZone | 8/10 |
| IGN | 5.6/10 |
| Jeuxvideo.com | 12/20 |
| Joystick | 45% |
| PC Gamer (US) | 79% |
Before the release of the patch, the game received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic.
It was nominated for the "Most Disappointing Game on PC" award at GameSpot's Best and Worst of 2002 Awards, which went to Civilization III: Play the World.
# Alexis Akrithakis

Alexis Akrithakis (Greek: Αλέξης Ακριθάκης; 11 May 1934 – 18 September 1994) was a Greek contemporary artist renowned for his paintings and wooden constructions.
He was born in Athens, where he began his career. In 1968, he received a scholarship from DAAD and moved to Berlin. In 1972, his works were presented at the exhibition "Szene Berlin Mai ’72" at Württembergischer Kunstverein in Stuttgart curated by Christos M. Joachimides and co-organized with the René Block gallery.
Throughout the '70s he collaborated extensively with the prolific gallerist Alexander Iolas. Iolas exhibited his work in shows organized in Geneva (1971), Milan (1973), Turin (1973) and Athens (1971,1977)
He created drawings for publications of key figures of Greek literature, poetry and philosophy such as Nanos Valaoritis, Kostas Tachtsis, Elias Petropoulos and others. In 2018 this aspect of his work was the subject of an exhibition organized by the Municipal Gallery of Athens in the framework of the "Athens 2018 World Book Capital", curated by Denys Zacharopoulos.
His work has been included in major institutionally organized exhibitions such as the 12th Biennale of Alexandria held in the Alexandria Museum of Fine Art, Alexandria, Egypt, Europalia 1982 at the Bozar, Brussels, Belgium. In Greece his work has been included in major shows organized by the National Art Gallery–Alexandros Soutzos Museum such as "Metamorphoses of the Modern. The Greek experience" in 1992 as well as at the founding exhibition of the Macedonian Museum of Contemporary Art in Thessaloniki in 1984.
His last solo exhibition was at the Ileana Tounta Gallery in Athens.
After his heart attack and subsequent death in 1994 both Greek museums organized large scale retrospective shows (Thessaloniki, 1997 and Athens, 1998) of his already recognized and critically acclaimed work.
His works have been described as "speaking an unmistakable language. They stand on their own and are original, but are yet influenced by the particular Zeitgeist - between Arte Povera and Actioninsm".
In 2003 The Neue Nationalgalerie in Berlin honored him with a large scale retrospective show that ran at the same time with an exhibition of works of Pablo Picasso in the same museum.
His work "Eight Suitcases with Rubbish from a Beach" was featured in Antidoron, an exhibition of the collection of National Museum of Contemporary Art of Athens, Greece presented in Kassel, Germany as a part of the Documenta 14 art exhibition.
# Nico Kaufmann

Nico Kaufmann ( 24 June 1916 – 23 November 1996) was a Swiss pianist and composer.

## Life

Kaufmann was born in Zürich. In addition to his studies at the Zürich Conservatory he was for a short time (1937) Vladimir Horowitz's only disciple during his time living in Europe. He then became the Cabaret Cornichon's arranger and musical conductor, and took part at the VII Concours de Geneve (1945), which he won.
He died in Zürich.
# Maximilian, Margrave of Baden

Maximilian, Margrave of Baden (Maximilian Andreas Friedrich Gustav Ernst August Bernhard Prinz und Markgraf von Baden; 3 July 1933 – 29 December 2022), also known as Max von Baden, was a German businessman and the head of House of Baden. Through his mother, Princess Theodora of Greece and Denmark, the second sister of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, he was a first cousin of Charles III, King of the United Kingdom.

## Early life and family

Maximilian was born on 3 July 1933 in Salem. He was the second child and eldest son of Berthold, Margrave of Baden, and his wife, Princess Theodora of Greece and Denmark. He had one older sister, Princess Margarita, and has a younger brother, Prince Ludwig (born 1937).

## Marriage and children

Maximilian was briefly engaged to his first cousin, Princess Beatrix of Hohenlohe-Langenburg (daughter of his maternal aunt, Margarita, Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg), although this was eventually broken off. In 1963, he followed his father as head of the former grand ducal house of Baden, styled HRH The Margrave of Baden, Duke of Zähringen. In 1966, he married Archduchess Valerie of Austria (born 1941), daughter of Archduke Hubert Salvator of Austria and Princess Rosemary of Salm-Salm. They were married civilly on 23 September 1966 at Salem and religiously on 30 September 1966 at Persenbeug Castle in Lower Austria.
The Margrave and Margravine had four children:
* Princess Marie Louise Elisabeth Mathilde Theodora Cecilie Sarah Charlotte of Baden (born Salem, 3 July 1969); she married, civilly, at Salem on 15 September 1999 and religiously on 25 September 1999, Richard Dudley Baker, had issue.
* Bernhard Max Friedrich August Gustav Louis Kraft, Margrave of Baden (born Salem, 27 May 1970)
* Prince Leopold Max Christian Ludwig Clemens Hubert of Baden (born Salem, 1 October 1971), unmarried and without issue.
* Prince Michael Max Andreas of Baden (born Salem, 11 March 1976); he married at Salem on 4 July 2015 Christina Höhne, daughter of Claus Höhne and wife Herlinde or Gerlinde Geiger, without issue.
The Margravine represented the Margrave for the state funeral of Queen Elizabeth II, his aunt, at Westminster Abbey in London on 19 September 2022, with Prince Bernhard and his wife, Princess Stephanie.

## Death

Maximilian died in Salem Abbey on 29 December 2022, at the age of 89. He was succeeded as titular margrave and head of house by his son Bernhard.
The Margrave's funeral service on 13 January 2023 in the church of Salem Abbey was attended by numerous representatives from politics, including the minister president of Baden-Württemberg, Winfried Kretschmann, and royalty and aristocracy, such as King Philippe of Belgium, Prince Albert II of Monaco and his sister Caroline, Princess of Hanover, Prince Hassan of Jordan and the Hereditary Princess of Liechtenstein as well as the heads or representatives of most of the former ruling houses of Germany. His first cousin King Charles III was represented by Donatus, Landgrave of Hesse.

## Ancestry

Ancestors of Maximilian, Margrave of Baden :
# Joanne Metcalfe

Joanne (Jo) Metcalfe (née Moyle) (born 13 April 1969) is a former Australian women's basketball player.

## Biography

Joanne (Jo) played for the Australia women's national basketball team during the late 1980s and early 1990s and competed for Australia at the 1990 World Championship held in Brazil. Jo was selected to play for Australia at the 1992 Olympics held in Barcelona, but the Opals failed to qualify for the tournament. She won a bronze medal for Australia at the 1989 Junior World Championships in Spain where she played alongside future great, Shelley Gorman. That squad was the first Australian basketball team – junior or senior – to win a medal at world championships or Olympic games, though she just missed them.
In the domestic Women's National Basketball League (WNBL), Jo played 272 games for the Australian Institute of Sport (1985 to 1987), West Adelaide (1988 & 1989), Melbourne Tigers (1990–1995 & 1998–00) and the Bulleen Boomers (1996 to 1998). In season 1991, Jo won the WNBL Most Valuable Player award and was also named to the WNBL All Star Five. That year, she also led the WNBL in points scored with 479 at an average of 21.8 per game. In 1999, Jo had a major knee reconstruction, which effectively ended her playing career.
In 1998/99, Jo was awarded Life Membership of the WNBL. During the 25th year celebration of the WNBL, she was named in the top 25 Australian players for that time. Jo is close friends with Opals player Kristi Harrower and in 2006 her daughter's formed part of Harrower's bridal party. Jo lives in Warrandyte with her husband and two daughters, where she is the coach of the local domestic basketball team (Warrandyte Redbacks).
# Scott Adelson

Scott Adelson (born 1961) is an American business executive who has served as the chief executive officer (CEO) of Houlihan Lokey since June 2024. Prior to this role, he served as co-president and global co-head of corporate finance.

## Early life and education

Scott Adelson was born in 1961 in Los Angeles, California. He earned a Bachelor of Science in business and entrepreneurship from the University of Southern California in 1984 and an MBA in finance from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business in 1987.

## Career

Adelson joined Houlihan Lokey in 1987. He became a senior associate within three years and a year later appointed as a vice president in the corporate finance division. In 1993, he was given the role of senior vice president and in 1995 managing director. In 2000, he became the global co-head of corporate finance.
In 2006, Adelson was named senior managing director and joined the board of directors. He became co-president and global co-head of corporate finance in 2013. During his tenure as co-president and global co-head of corporate finance, Adelson contributed to Houlihan Lokey's growth, including its expansion into international markets. Under his co-leadership, the firm pursued acquisitions, notably the 2021 acquisition of GCA Corp., which expanded Houlihan Lokey’s presence in Asia and Europe.
In June 2024, Adelson was appointed as the CEO of Houlihan Lokey, succeeding Scott Beiser.

## Personal life

Scott Adelson is married to Ashley Adelson; the couple met in 2012 and married in 2019. In 2020, they moved from Los Angeles to Montecito, California, where they reside on a historic property and share interests in wine and gardening. Adelson co-owns Antica Terra, a winery located in Oregon's Willamette Valley known primarily for Pinot Noir, which he and two colleagues acquired in the mid-2000s.
Adelson's charitable activities are influenced in part by his family background. His mother, Renee Adelson Kass, previously worked as an early childhood educator, and together they have supported causes related to education and poverty alleviation.
In 2016, Adelson founded the Adelson Foundation in collaboration with an initiative known as 7Sherpas. One notable project was a collaboration with the University of Chicago's Poverty Lab, where Adelson’s philanthropy funded research on homelessness and early childhood interventions in Chicago public schools.