# Patna Metro

Patna Metro (Patna MRTS) is a rapid transit system being constructed in the city of Patna, India. Construction will be completed over five phases, and the transit system would be owned and operated by the state-run Patna Metro Rail Corporation. In the first phase, five stations of Patna Metro will be operational by March 2025. Patna MRTS, constructed under a public-private partnership model, is estimated to cost ₹13,365.77 crore (US$1.5 billion). This cost excludes land acquisition cost, which will be paid for by the Bihar government. The first phase (consisting of the east–west and north–south corridors) will include both a 15.36 km (9.54 mi) elevated track and a 16.30 km (10.13 mi) underground track.
In January 2022, Larsen & Toubro (L&T) secured the order from metro operator Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) for the design and construction of the Corridor-2 of Phase-1 of Patna Metro. L&T classifies this contract, worth ₹1,989 crore (US$230 million), as a significant order. The major scope of work for the project comprises six underground metro stations: Rajendra Nagar, Moin-Ul-Haq Stadium, Patna Science College, Patna Medical College and Hospital, Gandhi Maidan and Akashvani of Corridor-2.

## Background

Rising traffic led to a proposal for a rapid public transportation system in Patna. In November 2011, Union Urban development minister Kamal Nath said that all cities with a population of more than two million people would get a metro corridor. Patna has a population of a little over two million, making it eligible for a metro service. The Bihar urban development department is the nodal agency for Patna Integrated Mass Rapid Transport System (PIMRTS). The Bihar government decided to launch either a metro or monorail system in Patna by 2015. Metro rail was found more viable option for the city than monorail due to the load factor. The planning commission extended its technical support to the proposed metro project.
On 11 June 2013, the Bihar cabinet approved the proposal to prepare a Detailed Project Report (DPR) for a metro service in Patna. Rail India Technical and Economic Service (RITES) was selected for the purpose, and sanctioned ₹2.52 crore as a consultancy fee to RITES. On 18 June 2013, the Government of Bihar signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the consulting firm, RITES, for a feasibility study and detailed project report preparation for the Patna Metro railway project. Under the agreement, RITES would be required to submit the feasibility report by the first week of December 2013 and the DPR by February 2014. RITES's work on the project includes identifying the mass transit corridors on the basis of a traffic-demand study, a topographic survey and a soil survey. The project is expected to be built and operated on a Public Private Partnership model. The cost of Phase 1 is estimated to be ₹13,411.24 crore.
In June 2014, the project received the green light. The Patna Metro Train Corporation was to be created before 15 August 2014. A report for the project, planned to proceed in four stages, was due on 31 October 2014. The project received the central government's approval on 6 February 2019 and prime minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone on 17 February. In November 2019, Delhi Metro Rail Corporation unveiled changes in the project's Detailed Project Report, and the alignment of both lines. The changes led to the creation of a second interchange at Khemni Chowk, the elimination of Line-1's depot at Aitwarpur and the addition of two new stations at Ramkrishna Nagar and Jaganpura.
An agreement was signed between Patna Metro and Japan International Cooperation Agency for a loan of ₹5,520.93 crore (US$630 million), which was 60% of the cost of the project. The corridors have 24 metro stations together, as well as Patna station and Khemnichak interchange station. In July 2021, PMRC organized a competition to design the logo of Patna Metro, inviting the public to take part, with prizes for the best submissions. On 29 March 2023, Japan committed ₹5,509 crore (US$630 million) for the Patna Metro Rail Project. On 7 April 2023, Chief Minister Nitish Kumar released the official logo of Patna Metro; launching the 2nd tunnel boring machine near Moin-ul-Haque stadium in Patna for construction of the underground section of the project.

## Construction
### Phase 1
#### Corridor 1 (Red Line)

YFC Projects, a construction company based in Gurgaon, India, won the contract to build the 8 km (4.97 mi) elevated section of Corridor 1. The first elevated section, 4 km (2.49 mi) from Danapur Cantonment station to Patliputra ramp (formerly IAS Colony), will comprise 4 stations. The first corridor will start from near Kendriya Vidyalaya Danapur Cantt and will be elevated till near Gola Road before Patna Canal (Rupaspur Canal). The majority of the stretch on Corridor I is underground due to Rupaspur railway overbridge (RoB) and Jagdeopath-Sheikhpura Mor flyover. Patna Metro alignment will be 20 m (65 ft 7 in) beneath Bailey Road on Corridor I. The second elevated section will be 4 km (2.49 mi), between the Mithapur ramp and Khemni Chak station, an interchange of the Patna Junction Railway Station and the New ISBT Line 2. The 8 km (4.97 mi) underground section of Line 1, stretching from Rukanpura station to Patna Junction station, has not been awarded yet. KEC International will be in charge of the network's electrification, cabling and substation work.

#### Corridor 2 (Blue Line)

NCC Limited and IB Infrastructure started piling and pier work for the 6.107 section of Corridor 2. Within this section, five elevated stations will be built between Malahi Pakri and New ISBT. 308 U-girders are constructed in the priority corridor comprising five metro stations: Malahi Pakri, Khemnichak, Bhootnath, Zero Mile and Patliputra Bus Terminal. The rest of the 7.94 km (4.93 mi) section of Corridor 2 will be underground; a ramp is to be constructed before the Rajendra Nagar metro station. A total of seven stations will be underground for Corridor 2; an underground interchange to be built at the Patna Junction station. The total length of Corridor 2 will be 14.05 km, with a total of twelve stations. For the 8 km underground section of Corridor 2, Larsen & Toubro won the bid to build bored twin tunnels, the ramp at Rajendra Nagar and six underground stations. The underground construction for Corridor 2 is expected to cost ₹1,958 crore ($26.25 million) and completed over three-and-a-half years. This was the last civil package awarded for Line 2 after package one for the elevated section of Line 2.

### Future phases

The second phase, between Bypass Chowk Mithapur to Didarganj via Transport Nagar, along NH 30 Bypass for 16.75 kilometres (10.41 mi); it will be elevated along Bypass Road. The third phase, between Bypass Chowk Mithapur to Phulwari Shariff AIIMS via Anisabad along NH 30 Bypass is 18.75 kilometres (11.65 mi) long, and will be elevated along Bypass Road. The fourth phase is from Didarganj to Fatuha junction.

### Depot

Patna Metro will only have one depot, built at SH-1, Bairiya Chak in Sampatchak at Paijawa, near the Patliputra Bus Terminal. Both Corridor 1 and 2's depot will be the same. The depot facilities for Danapur-Mithapur-Khemni Chak of the Corridor I and Patna railway station-New ISBT of the Corridor II are proposed to be constructed near SH-1, Bairiya Chak in Sampatchak, Paijawa. The depot will have two workshop bays, three inspection bays, eight stabling bays, which can accommodate 32 three-coach trains and an auto-coach washing plan. The administrative area will consist of an auditorium, training school, canteen and operational control centre. An auxiliary sub-station of 2500 KVA capacity is planned for catering to the power supply requirement of the depot. The work is likely to be completed by 2027. The estimated cost of building the depot is ₹143 crore ($19.17 million).
The government of Bihar has acquired 76 acres (30.5 ha) at Bairiya Chak. Of this land, 47.4 acres (19.2 ha) are proposed for metro rail depot; the remaining areas are for property development. Land acquisition started for the depot and will be completed within a few months. KEC International won the bid to install standard-gauge ballasted tracks inside the depot. The construction contract of the New ISBT depot was awarded to Quality Buildcon in December 2020. An earth road was under construction in late 2022 to ease material transport between Fatuha casting yard (NCC Limited Casting Yard) and metro ISBT depot. Following road construction, batching plant at the casting yard will start functioning.

## Network
### Corridor 1 (Red Line)

East-West Line :
| # | Station Name | Station Name | Opening | Connections | Layout |
| # | English | Hindi | Opening | Connections | Layout |
| 1 | Danapur Cantonment | दानापुर छावनी | 2026 | None | Elevated |
| 2 | Saguna Mor | सगुना मोड़ | 2026 | None | Elevated |
| 3 | RPS Mor | आर पी एस मोड़ | 2026 | None | Elevated |
| 4 | Patliputra | पाटलिपुत्र | 2026 | None | Elevated |
| 5 | Rukanpura | रुकनपुरा | 2027 | None | Underground |
| 6 | Raja Bazar | राजा बाजार | 2027 | None | Underground |
| 7 | Patna Zoo | चिड़ियाघर | 2027 | None | Underground |
| 8 | Vikas Bhawan | विकास भवन | 2027 | None | Underground |
| 9 | Vidyut Bhawan | विद्युत भवन | 2026 | None | Underground |
| 10 | Patna Junction | पटना जंक्शन | 2026 | North–south line | Underground |
| 11 | Mithapur | मीठापुर | 2026 | None | Elevated |
| 12 | Ramkrishan Nagar | रामकृष्ण नगर | 2025 | None | Elevated |
| 13 | Jaganpura | जगनपुरा | 2025 | None | Elevated |
| 14 | Khemnichak | खेमनीचक | 2025 | North–south line | Elevated |

### Corridor 2 (Blue Line)

North-South Line :
| # | Station Name | Station Name | Opening | Connections | Layout |
| # | English | Hindi | Opening | Connections | Layout |
| 1 | Patna Junction | पटना जंक्शन | 2027 | East–West line | Underground |
| 2 | Akashvani | आकाशवाणी | 2025 | None | Underground |
| 3 | Gandhi Maidan | गांधी मैदान | 2027 | None | Underground |
| 4 | PMCH | पी एम सी एच | 2028 | None | Underground |
| 5 | Patna Science College | पटना विज्ञान महाविद्यालय | 2028 | None | Underground |
| 6 | Moin-ul-Haq Stadium | मोइनुल हक स्टेडियम | 2028 | None | Underground |
| 7 | Rajendra Nagar | राजेन्द्र नगर | 2026 | None | Underground |
| 8 | Malahi Pakri | मलाही पकड़ी | 2025 | None | Elevated |
| 9 | Khemnichak | खेमनीचक | 2025 | East–West line | Elevated |
| 10 | Bhootnath | भूतनाथ | 2025 | None | Elevated |
| 11 | Zero Mile | जीरो मील | 2025 | None | Elevated |
| 12 | New ISBT | आई एस बी टी | 2025 | None | Elevated |

## Timeline

Status updates :
| May 2015 | A Detailed Project Report (DPR) was to be prepared by May 2015. |
| February 2016 | The Bihar cabinet approved the DPR for Patna Metro prepared by RITES, with a budget of ₹16,960 crores and planned to be executed under a PPP Model by 2021. |
| May 2016 | The Patna Metro Rail project got a fresh boost when union urban development minister M. Venkaiah Naidu reportedly assured the government of Bihar of the in-principle approval of the project within a month. |
| July 2018 | Bihar Chief Secretary Deepak Kumar approved the proposed Patna Metro Rail's revised DPR, with a revised estimated cost of ₹ 19,500 crore, including land acquisition costs on 3 July. |
| September 2018 | The Bihar cabinet approved the constitution of "Patna Metro Rail Corporation Ltd (PMRCL)" as a Special-Purpose Vehicle (SPV) for the implementation of Patna Metro on 25 September. |
| September 2018 | The Public Finance Committee approved the DPR of the Patna Metro Rail Project on 28 September. |
| October 2018 | The Bihar cabinet approved the DPR on 9 October, after which it will be sent to the central government for approval. |
| November 2018 | The Central Government approved the DPR for Patna Metro on 20 November. |
| February 2019 | Patna Metro received approval from the Public Investment Board (PIB) on 6 February. The Union Cabinet approved the Patna Metro Rail Project comprising two corridors on 13 February. |
| February 2019 | Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid the foundation stone for Patna's first metro rail corridor on 17 February 2019. Patna Metro Rail Corporation incorporated on 18 February. |
| March 2019 | Patna Metro Rail Corporation Limited formally opened its office at Indira Bhawan in Patna on 4 March. |
| July 2019 | Patna Metro work set to start in 3 months. |
| August 2019 | Drone survey started on 23 August and is slated to end on 15 October. |
| September 2019 | DMRC to oversee project execution. Work to begin by the end of 2019. |
| November 2019 | Soil testing started for north-south corridor of Patna Metro Project. |
| February 2020 | AECOM bags consultancy contract for both corridors for the Patna Metro Project. |
| July 2020 | Quality Buildcon Pvt Ltd. emerges as the lowest bidder for constructing the New ISBT Depot on Line 2 |
| August 2020 | NCC Limited emerges as the lowest bidder on 31 August 2020 for the first 6.1 km of the route's construction (Malahi Pakri to New ISBT of Line 2) |
| November 2020 | Physical construction of Patna Metro's Phase 1 officially begins on 26 November. |
| April 2021 | Pier work begins on Patna Metro's 6.1 km "Malahi Pakri—New ISBT" section on 28 April. |
| July 2021 | YFC Projects emerges as the lowest bidder to build the roughly 8 km elevated package of Patna Metro's Line-1 (Danapur Cantonment to Patliputra and Mithapur to Jaganpura). |
| July 2021 | Larsen & Toubro (L&T) emerges as the lowest bidder to construct the only underground section of Patna Metro's Line-2 (Akashvani to Rajendra Nagar) on 19 July. |
| October 2021 | Process to acquire land begins in for ISBT Metro Station and Depot in Ranipur and Pahadi areas. |
| August 2022 | Chief Minister Nitish Kumar, Deputy CM Tejashwi Yadav inaugurated the underground metro rail work it at Moin-ul-Haq Stadium by unveiling the stone plaque of the underground work of Patna Metro Rail Project. The civil work on underground metro station at Moin-ul-Haq Stadium started with the construction of the diaphragm wall (D-wall), the main support structure to demarcate the station premises. Around 82-foot-long D-wall, a concrete structure, was inserted in the dug-up ground with similar depth. |
| 26 January 2023 | On the occasion of India's Republic Day, the first Precast viaduct U-girder span was placed between two pillars near the proposed Bhoothnath Station on the Corridor II. |
| July 2023 | Divisional commissioner Kumar Ravi said "Metro rail work is going on at a fast pace. All hurdles are being removed by the district administration” |
| August 2023 | DMRC said that "the Rajendra Nagar Metro station will be an underground station, proposed partially below the Kankarbagh main road and the parking area of Rajendra Nagar Railway station." |
| August 2023 | DMRC said that "the Rajendra Nagar Metro station will be an underground station, proposed partially below the Kankarbagh main road and the parking area of Rajendra Nagar Railway station." |
| 15 September 2023 | On the occasion of National Engineers’ Day, the first Precast viaduct U-girder span was placed between RPS Mor station and Patliputra station (Pier/pillar number 133-134) on the Corridor I. |
| 3 November 2023 | The first Precast viaduct U-girder span was placed near Mithapur on the second elevated section in Corridor I (Red Line). |