# Hedgehog in the Fog

Hedgehog in the Fog (Russian: Ёжик в тумане, romanized: Yózhik v tumáne, IPA:) is a 1975 Soviet animated film directed by Yuri Norstein and produced by the Soyuzmultfilm studio in Moscow. The Russian script was written by Sergei Grigoryevich Kozlov, who also published a book under the same name.
In 2006, Norstein published a book titled Hedgehog in the Fog, listing himself as an author alongside Kozlov.

## Plot

The Hedgehog (voiced by Maria Vinogradova) goes to visit his friend the Bear Cub to drink tea with raspberry jam and count the stars. The road along which the Hedgehog moves passes through deserted fields and forest thickets. The Hedgehog spots an impressive white horse in the evening fog and approaches. Within the fog, the world is mysterious and outlandish images appear before the Hedgehog. Among them is an eagle-owl looking into a well, a snail suddenly turning into an elephant and a bat with a frightening wingspan. The Hedgehog realises he has lost his jam and panics, until it is returned by a dog.
Through the fog, the voice of the Bear Cub is periodically heard calling out to the Hedgehog. Hurrying to answer the call, the hero falls into the river. His savior is a mysterious "someone" who takes the Hedgehog to the shore. Having finally arrived at the Bear Cub's house, Hedgehog listens to his friend (voiced by Vyacheslav Nevinny), who says that he has already blown up the samovar on the porch for evening tea, collected juniper branches "so that there is smoke", and moved the wicker chairs to be more comfortable. He remarks that the Hedgehog is the only one he can really count the stars with.

## Art Direction

The production designer of the film "Hedgehog in the Fog" was Norstein's wife, Francesca Yarbusova. The marriage of two creative people, according to the director, not only helps, but also hinders creativity: "She does not keep up with my reactivity, my demanding nature, and it seems to me that she is lazy and cannot bring herself to the necessary state." Yarbusova, in turn, said that when starting work on "The Hedgehog ...", Norstein planned to shoot an uncomplicated fairy tale . However, instead of the supposed lightness, it turned out to be a "harsh" experiment, during which many techniques were used for the first time. So, water was placed in the leaves drawn by Yarbusova using a projector, which, in order to achieve a uniform image texture, was processed with strokes. The artist has been working on the image of a Hedgehog for the longest time. Other characters had already been drawn, the scenery had been designed, filming had begun, but the main character did not work out . The understanding of what the key character should be arose during the couple's evening walk, when they saw a woman with a tame hedgehog on the street. Upon returning home, Yarbusova drew the character with one line, and he immediately gained "inner clarity." In order to achieve the "childish expressiveness" of the image, the director tied Francesca's right hand, and the Hedgehog was created with her left hand.

## Creators

| Role | Name |
| Director and animator | Yuri Norstein (Ю́рий Норште́йн) |
| Writer | Sergei Grigoryevich Kozlov (Серге́й Григо́рьевич Козло́в) |
| Art director | Francheska Yarbusova (Франче́ска Я́рбусова) |
| Animator | Yuri Norstein (Ю́рий Норште́йн) |
| Camera operator | Alexandr Borisovich Zhukovskiy (Алекса́ндр Бори́сович Жуко́вский) |
| Composer | Mikhail Alexandrovich Meyerovich (Михаи́л Алекса́ндрович Мееро́вич) |
| Sound operator | Boris Pavlovich Filchikov (Бори́с Па́влович Фи́льчиков) |
| Script editor | Natalya Nikolayevna Abramova (Ната́лья Никола́евна Абра́мова) |
| Voice actors | Aleksey Batalov (Алексе́й Бата́лов) Narrator (Расска́зчик, Rasskáztchik) Maria Vinogradova (Мари́я Виногра́дова) Hedgehog (Ёжик, Yózhik) Vyacheslav Nevinny (Вячесла́в Неви́нный) Bear-Cub (Медвежо́нок, Medvezhónok) |
| Film editor | Nadezhda Ivanovna Treshchyova (Наде́жда Ива́новна Трещёва) |

## Awards

* 1976—Frunze All-Union Film Festival: Hedgehog in the Fog "best animated film"
* 1976—Tehran Children's and Youth Film Festival: Hedgehog in the Fog "best animated film"
* 2003—Tokyo All time animation best 150 in Japan and Worldwide: Hedgehog in the Fog "No. 1 Animated film of all the time"

## Production

The fog effects were created by putting a very thin piece of paper on top of the scene and slowly lifting it up toward the camera frame-by-frame until everything behind it became blurry and white.

## Role in Soviet animation

Soviet-era children's animation and literature was faced with the task of producing politically acceptable content. Anthropologist Serguei Oushakine (Sergey Ushakin) recognizes this atmosphere of indefinite deferment in the animation, stating: "The main thing is the work of imagination, or more precisely, the terror and pleasure with which it is linked. The final scene of pleasure, to which these various phantasmal and/or realistic experiences should indeed have led, is not included in the plot." This is evident through the hedgehog's anxiety and fixation on the horse, even after he succeeds in meeting the bear for tea.

## Legacy

An English dub of the film was made for Channel 4 in the United Kingdom for Christmas in 1998. A few changes were made, with strawberry jam replacing raspberry jam.
Hedgehog in the Fog was ranked No. 1 in a poll at the 2003 Laputa Animation Festival where 140 animators from around the world voted for the best animated films of all time.
Hayao Miyazaki, acclaimed animator of Studio Ghibli, stated that he drew his inspiration from many animators including Yuri Norstein (a framed portrait of the owl from the film is included at the Ghibli Museum).
Since January 2009, the main character (the Hedgehog) from the film has a statue in the city center of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine.
The film was spoofed in the third episode of the eighth season of the animated comedy series Family Guy, "Spies Reminiscent of Us", in 2009.
The opening ceremonies for the 2014 Winter Olympics referenced this work, mentioning it in a list of signature Russian accomplishments and artists, including Fyodor Dostoevsky, Leo Tolstoy, and Sputnik.
The series Kikoriki has an episode called Chiko in the Fog, reminiscent of Nornstein's cartoon in its composition and style.
The 16th episode of Pokémon the Series: Sun & Moon – Ultra Legends, "Memories in the Mist!" is inspired by this work.
The Cartoon Network Studios' series Summer Camp Island has an episode called "Pepper and the Fog", which is a tribute to the film.