# Gha (Indic)

Indic letters :
Consonants :
| Ka | Ca | Ṭa | Ta | Pa | Ya | Śa |
| Kha | Cha | Ṭha | Tha | Pha | Ra | Ṣa |
| Ga | Ja | Ḍa | Da | Ba | La | Sa |
| Gha | Jha | Ḍha | Dha | Bha | Va | Ha |
| Ṅa | Ña | Ṇa | Na | Ma | | |
| | Ḷa | Ḻa | Ṟa | | | |
Vowels :
| A | I | U | Ṛ | Ḷ | E | O |
| Ā | Ī | Ū | Ṝ | Ḹ | Ai | Au |
Other marks :
Chandrabindu
Anusvara
Visarga
Virama
Nuqta
Avagraha :
Punctuation :
Daṇḍa :
vte :
Gha is the fourth consonant of Indic abugidas. In modern Indic scripts, gha is derived from the early "Ashoka" Brahmi letter , which is probably derived from the Aramaic ("H/X") after having gone through the Gupta letter .

## Āryabhaṭa numeration

Aryabhata used Devanagari letters for numbers, very similar to the Greek numerals, even after the invention of Indian numerals. The values of the different forms of घ are:
* घ = 4 (४)
* घि = 400 (४००)
* घु = 40,000 (४० ०००)
* घृ = 4,000,000 (४० ०० ०००)
* घॢ = 4×10$^8$ (४०$^८$)
* घे = 4×10$^{10}$ (४०$^{१०}$)
* घै = 4×10$^{12}$ (४०$^{१२}$)
* घो = 4×10$^{14}$ (४०$^{१४}$)
* घौ = 4×10$^{16}$ (४०$^{१६}$)

## Historic Gha

There are three different general early historic scripts - Brahmi and its variants, Kharoṣṭhī, and Tocharian, the so-called slanting Brahmi. Gha as found in standard Brahmi, was a simple geometric shape, with variations toward more flowing forms by the Gupta . The Tocharian Gha did not have an alternate Fremdzeichen form. The third form of gha, in Kharoshthi was probably derived from Aramaic separately from the Brahmi letter.

### Brahmi Gha

The Brahmi letter , Gha, is probably derived from the Aramaic Heth , and is thus related to the modern Latin H and Greek Eta. Several identifiable styles of writing the Brahmi Gha can be found, most associated with a specific set of inscriptions from an artifact or diverse records from an historic period. As the earliest and most geometric style of Brahmi, the letters found on the Edicts of Ashoka and other records from around that time are normally the reference form for Brahmi letters, with vowel marks not attested until later forms of Brahmi back-formed to match the geometric writing style.
Brahmi Gha historic forms :
| Ashoka (3rd-1st c. BCE) | Girnar (~150 BCE) | Kushana (~150-250 CE) | Gujarat (~250 CE) | Gupta (~350 CE) |

### Tocharian Gha

The Tocharian letter is derived from the Brahmi , but does not have an alternate Fremdzeichen form.
Tocharian Gha with vowel marks :
| Gha | Ghā | Ghi | Ghī | Ghu | Ghū | Ghr | Ghr̄ | Ghe | Ghai | Gho | Ghau | Ghä |

### Kharoṣṭhī Gha

The Kharoṣṭhī letter is generally accepted as being derived from the Aramaic Heth , and is thus related to H and Eta, in addition to the Brahmi Gha.

## Devanagari script

Devanāgarī :
Abugida
Brahmic scripts
Inherent vowel :
Languages
Hindi
Marathi
Nepali
Konkani
Maithili
Sindhi
Bodo
Pali
Prakrit
Sanskrit and more :
Transliteration
IAST
Hunterian
NLK
ISO 15919
Harvard-Kyoto
ITRANS
Velthuis
SLP1
WX notation
(ISCII) :
Vowels and syllabic consonants अ a ॲ æ ऄ आ (का) ā इ (कि) i ई (की) ī उ (कु) u ऊ (कू) ū ॶ (कॖ) ॷ (कॗ) ऋ (कृ) r̥ ॠ (कॄ) r̥̄ ऌ (कॢ) l̥ ॡ (कॣ) l̥̄ ए (के) ē ऍ (कॅ) ê ऎ (कॆ) e ऐ (कै) ai (कॕ) (कॎ) ओ (को) ō ऑ (कॉ) ô ऒ (कॊ) o औ (कौ) au ॳ (कऺ) ॴ (कऻ) ॵ (कॏ)
(Schwa deletion) :
Consonants क k क़ q ख kh ख़ k̲h̲ ग g ग़ ġ ॻ gg घ gh ङ ṅ च c छ ch ज j ज़ z ॼ jj ॹ ž झ jh झ़ zh ञ ñ ट ṭ ठ ṭh ड ḍ ड़ ṛ ॾ ḍḍ ॸ ḍ ढ ḍh ढ़ ṛh ण ṇ त t थ th द d ध dh न n ऩ ṉ प p फ ph फ़ f ब b ॿ bb भ bh म m य y य़ ẏ ॺ र r ऱ ṟ ळ ḷ ऴ ḻ ल l व v श ś ष ṣ स s ह h ॽ
(Conjuncts) :
Diacritics, punctuation, symbols अं ṁ अः ḥ अँ m̐ अऀ ऽ ’ क़ क् ३ 3 ᳵ ẖ ᳶ ḫ अ॑ ` अ॒ _ अ॓ अ॔ ॐ aum̐ । ॥ ॰ ॱ ₹ INR
and more (Devanagari (Unicode block)
Devanagari Extended
Devanagari Extended-A
Vedic Extensions) :
Numerals ० 0 १ 1 २ 2 ३ 3 ४ 4 ५ 5 ६ 6 ७ 7 ८ 8 ९ 9
Āryabhaṭa
Akṣarapallī
Bhūtasaṃkhyā
Kaṭapayādi :
vte :
Gha (घ) is the fourth consonant of the Devanagari abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter , after having gone through the Gupta letter . Letters that derive from it are the Gujarati letter ઘ and the Modi letter 𑘑.

### Devanagari-using Languages

In all languages, घ is pronounced as or [gʱ] when appropriate. Like all Indic scripts, Devanagari uses vowel marks attached to the base consonant to override the inherent /ə/ vowel:
Devanagari घ with vowel marks :
| Gha | Ghā | Ghi | Ghī | Ghu | Ghū | Ghr | Ghr̄ | Ghl | Ghl̄ | Ghe | Ghai | Gho | Ghau | Gh |
| घ | घा | घि | घी | घु | घू | घृ | घॄ | घॢ | घॣ | घे | घै | घो | घौ | घ् |

### Conjuncts with घ

Devanagari exhibits conjunct ligatures, as is common in Indic scripts. In modern Devanagari texts, most conjuncts are formed by reducing the letter shape to fit tightly to the following letter, usually by dropping a character's vertical stem, sometimes referred to as a "half form". Some conjunct clusters are always represented by a true ligature, instead of a shape that can be broken into constituent independent letters. Vertically stacked conjuncts are ubiquitous in older texts, while only a few are still used routinely in modern Devanagari texts. The use of ligatures and vertical conjuncts may vary across languages using the Devanagari script, with Marathi in particular preferring the use of half forms where texts in other languages would show ligatures and vertical stacks.

#### Ligature conjuncts of घ

True ligatures are quite rare in Indic scripts. The most common ligated conjuncts in Devanagari are in the form of a slight mutation to fit in context or as a consistent variant form appended to the adjacent characters. Those variants include Na and the Repha and Rakar forms of Ra. Nepali and Marathi texts use the "eyelash" Ra half form for an initial "R" instead of repha.
* Repha र্ (r) + घ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature rɡʱa:
* Eyelash र্ (r) + घ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature rɡʱa:
* घ্ (ɡʱ) + rakar र (ra) gives the ligature ɡʱra:
* घ্ (ɡʱ) + न (na) gives the ligature ɡʱna:
* द্ (d) + घ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature dɡʱa:

#### Stacked conjuncts of घ

Vertically stacked ligatures are the most common conjunct forms found in Devanagari text. Although the constituent characters may need to be stretched and moved slightly in order to stack neatly, stacked conjuncts can be broken down into recognizable base letters, or a letter and an otherwise standard ligature.
* छ্ (cʰ) + घ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature cʰɡʱa:
* ढ্ (ḍʱ) + घ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature ḍʱɡʱa:
* ड্ (ḍ) + घ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature ḍɡʱa:
* घ্ (ɡʱ) + च (ca) gives the ligature ɡʱca:
* घ্ (ɡʱ) + ड (ḍa) gives the ligature ɡʱḍa:
* घ্ (ɡʱ) + ज (ja) gives the ligature ɡʱja:
* घ্ (ɡʱ) + ज্ (j) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ɡʱjña:
* घ্ (ɡʱ) + ल (la) gives the ligature ɡʱla:
* घ্ (ɡʱ) + ङ (ŋa) gives the ligature ɡʱŋa:
* घ্ (ɡʱ) + ञ (ña) gives the ligature ɡʱña:
* ङ্ (ŋ) + घ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature ŋɡʱa:
* ट্ (ṭ) + घ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature ṭɡʱa:
* ठ্ (ṭʰ) + घ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature ṭʰɡʱa:

## Bengali script

The Bengali script ঘ is derived from the Siddhaṃ , and is marked by a similar horizontal head line, but less geometric shape, than its Devanagari counterpart, घ. The inherent vowel of Bengali consonant letters is /ɔ/, so the bare letter ঘ will sometimes be transliterated as "gho" instead of "gha". Adding okar, the "o" vowel mark, gives a reading of /ɡʱo/. Like all Indic consonants, ঘ can be modified by marks to indicate another (or no) vowel than its inherent "a".
Bengali ঘ with vowel marks :
| gha | ghā | ghi | ghī | ghu | ghū | ghr | ghr̄ | ghe | ghai | gho | ghau | gh |
| ঘ | ঘা | ঘি | ঘী | ঘু | ঘূ | ঘৃ | ঘৄ | ঘে | ঘৈ | ঘো | ঘৌ | ঘ্ |

### ঘ in Bengali-using languages

ঘ is used as a basic consonant character in all of the major Bengali script orthographies, including Bengali and Assamese.

### Conjuncts with ঘ

Bengali ঘ exhibits conjunct ligatures, as is common in Indic scripts, with both stacked ligatures being common.
* দ্ (d) + ঘ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature dɡʱa:
* ঘ্ (ɡʱ) + ন (na) gives the ligature ɡʱna:
* ঘ্ (ɡʱ) + র (ra) gives the ligature ɡʱra, with the ra phala suffix:
* ঘ্ (ɡʱ) + য (ya) gives the ligature ɡʱya, with the ya phala suffix:
* ঙ্ (ŋ) + ঘ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature ŋɡʱa:
* ঙ্ (ŋ) + ঘ্ (ɡʱ) + র (ra) gives the ligature ŋɡʱra, with the ra phala suffix:
* ঙ্ (ŋ) + ঘ্ (ɡʱ) + য (ya) gives the ligature ŋɡʱya, with the ya phala suffix:
* র্ (r) + ঘ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature rɡʱa, with the repha prefix:
* র্ (r) + ঘ্ (ɡʱ) + য (ya) gives the ligature rɡʱya, with the repha prefix and ya phala suffix:

## Gurmukhi script

Kagaa (ਘ) is the ninth letter of the Gurmukhi alphabet. Its name is [kʰəkʰːɑ] and pronounced as /kə̀/. To differentiate between consonants, the Punjabi tonal consonant kà is often transliterated in the way of the Hindi voiced aspirate consonants gha although Punjabi does not have this sound. It is derived from the Laṇḍā letter gha, and ultimately from the Brahmi ga. Gurmukhi kagaa does not have a special pairin or addha (reduced) form for making conjuncts, and in modern Punjabi texts do not take a half form or halant to indicate the bare consonant /k/, although Gurmukhi Sanskrit texts may use an explicit halant.

## Gujarati Gha

Gha (ઘ) is the fourth consonant of the Gujarati abugida. It is derived from the 16th century Devanagari Gha with the top bar (shiro rekha) removed, and ultimately from the Brahmi letter . ઘ (Gha) is similar in appearance to ધ (Dha), and care should be taken to avoid confusing the two when reading Gujarati script texts.

### Gujarati-using Languages

The Gujarati script is used to write the Gujarati and Kutchi languages. In both languages, ઘ is pronounced as or [ɡʱ] when appropriate. Like all Indic scripts, Gujarati uses vowel marks attached to the base consonant to override the inherent /ə/ vowel:
| Gha | Ghā | Ghi | Ghī | Ghu | Ghū | Ghr | Ghl | Ghr̄ | Ghl̄ | Ghĕ | Ghe | Ghai | Ghŏ | Gho | Ghau | Gh |
| Gujarati Gha syllables, with vowel marks in red. |||||||||||||||||

### Conjuncts with ઘ

Gujarati ઘ exhibits conjunct ligatures, much like its parent Devanagari Script. Most Gujarati conjuncts can only be formed by reducing the letter shape to fit tightly to the following letter, usually by dropping a character's vertical stem, sometimes referred to as a "half form". A few conjunct clusters can be represented by a true ligature, instead of a shape that can be broken into constituent independent letters, and vertically stacked conjuncts can also be found in Gujarati, although much less commonly than in Devanagari. True ligatures are quite rare in Indic scripts. The most common ligated conjuncts in Gujarati are in the form of a slight mutation to fit in context or as a consistent variant form appended to the adjacent characters. Those variants include Na and the Repha and Rakar forms of Ra.
* ર્ (r) + ઘ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature RGha:
* ઘ્ (ɡʱ) + ર (ra) gives the ligature GhRa:
* ઘ્ (ɡʱ) + ન (na) gives the ligature GhNa:
* દ્ (d) + ઘ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature DGha:

## Telugu Gha

Gha (ఘ) is a consonant of the Telugu abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter . It is closely related to the Kannada letter ಘ. Most Telugu consonants contain a v-shaped headstroke that is related to the horizontal headline found in other Indic scripts, although headstrokes do not connect adjacent letters in Telugu. The headstroke is normally lost when adding vowel matras. Telugu conjuncts are created by reducing trailing letters to a subjoined form that appears below the initial consonant of the conjunct. Many subjoined forms are created by dropping their headline, with many extending the end of the stroke of the main letter body to form an extended tail reaching up to the right of the preceding consonant. This subjoining of trailing letters to create conjuncts is in contrast to the leading half forms of Devanagari and Bengali letters. Ligature conjuncts are not a feature in Telugu, with the only non-standard construction being an alternate subjoined form of Ṣa (borrowed from Kannada) in the KṢa conjunct.

## Malayalam Gha

Gha (ഘ) is a consonant of the Malayalam abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter , via the Grantha letter Gha. Like in other Indic scripts, Malayalam consonants have the inherent vowel "a", and take one of several modifying vowel signs to represent syllables with another vowel or no vowel at all.

### Conjuncts of ഘ

As is common in Indic scripts, Malayalam joins letters together to form conjunct consonant clusters. There are several ways in which conjuncts are formed in Malayalam texts: using a post-base form of a trailing consonant placed under the initial consonant of a conjunct, a combined ligature of two or more consonants joined together, a conjoining form that appears as a combining mark on the rest of the conjunct, the use of an explicit candrakkala mark to suppress the inherent "a" vowel, or a special consonant form called a "chillu" letter, representing a bare consonant without the inherent "a" vowel. Texts written with the modern reformed Malayalam orthography, put̪iya lipi, may favor more regular conjunct forms than older texts in paḻaya lipi, due to changes undertaken in the 1970s by the Government of Kerala.
* ഗ് (g) + ഘ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature gɡʱa:
* ഘ് (ɡʱ) + ന (na) gives the ligature ɡʱna:
* ഘ് (ɡʱ) + ര (ra) gives the ligature ɡʱra:

## Thai script

Kho ra-khang (ฆ) is the sixth letter of the Thai alphabet. It falls under the low class of Thai consonants. In IPA, kho ra-khang is pronounced as [kʰ] at the beginning of a syllable and is pronounced as [k̚] at the end of a syllable. The second and third letters of the alphabet, kho khai (ข) and kho khuat (ฃ), are also named kho, however, they all fall under the high class of Thai consonants. The fourth and the fifth letters of the alphabet, kho khwai (ค), kho khon (ฅ), and kho ra-khang (ฆ), are also named kho and fall under the low class of Thai consonants. Unlike many Indic scripts, Thai consonants do not form conjunct ligatures, and use the pinthu—an explicit virama with a dot shape—to indicate bare consonants. In the acrophony of the Thai script, ra-khang (ระฆัง) means ‘bell’. Kho ra-khang corresponds to the Sanskrit character ‘घ’.

## Odia Gha

Gha (ଘ) is a consonant of the Odia abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter , via the Siddhaṃ letter Gha. Like in other Indic scripts, Odia consonants have the inherent vowel "a", and take one of several modifying vowel signs to represent syllables with another vowel or no vowel at all.
Odia Gha with vowel matras :
| Gha | Ghā | Ghi | Ghī | Ghu | Ghū | Ghr̥ | Ghr̥̄ | Ghl̥ | Ghl̥̄ | Ghe | Ghai | Gho | Ghau | Gh |
| ଘ | ଘା | ଘି | ଘୀ | ଘୁ | ଘୂ | ଘୃ | ଘୄ | ଘୢ | ଘୣ | ଘେ | ଘୈ | ଘୋ | ଘୌ | ଘ୍ |

### Conjuncts of ଘ

As is common in Indic scripts, Odia joins letters together to form conjunct consonant clusters. The most common conjunct formation is achieved by using a small subjoined form of trailing consonants. Most consonants' subjoined forms are identical to the full form, just reduced in size, although a few drop the curved headline or have a subjoined form not directly related to the full form of the consonant. The second type of conjunct formation is through pure ligatures, where the constituent consonants are written together in a single graphic form. This ligature may be recognizable as being a combination of two characters or it can have a conjunct ligature unrelated to its constituent characters.
* ଙ୍ (ŋ) + ଘ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature ŋɡʱa:
* ର୍ (r) + ଘ (ɡʱa) gives the ligature rɡʱa:
* ଘ୍ (ɡʱ) + ର (ra) gives the ligature ɡʱra:

## Kaithi Gha

Gha (𑂐) is a consonant of the Kaithi abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter , via the Siddhaṃ letter Gha. Like in other Indic scripts, Kaithi consonants have the inherent vowel "a", and take one of several modifying vowel signs to represent syllables with another vowel or no vowel at all.
Kaithi Gha with vowel matras :
| Gha | Ghā | Ghi | Ghī | Ghu | Ghū | Ghe | Ghai | Gho | Ghau | Gh |
| 𑂐 | 𑂐𑂰 | 𑂐𑂱 | 𑂐𑂲 | 𑂐𑂳 | 𑂐𑂴 | 𑂐𑂵 | 𑂐𑂶 | 𑂐𑂷 | 𑂐𑂸 | 𑂐𑂹 |

### Conjuncts of 𑂐

As is common in Indic scripts, Kaithi joins letters together to form conjunct consonant clusters. The most common conjunct formation is achieved by using a half form of preceding consonants, although several consonants use an explicit virama. Most half forms are derived from the full form by removing the vertical stem. As is common in most Indic scripts, conjucts of ra are indicated with a repha or rakar mark attached to the rest of the consonant cluster. In addition, there are a few vertical conjuncts that can be found in Kaithi writing, but true ligatures are not used in the modern Kaithi script.
* 𑂐୍ (ɡʱ) + 𑂩 (ra) gives the ligature ɡʱra:
* 𑂩୍ (r) + 𑂐 (ɡʱa) gives the ligature rɡʱa:

## Tirhuta Gha

Gha (𑒒) is a consonant of the Tirhuta abugida. It ultimately arose from the Brahmi letter , via the Siddhaṃ letter Gha. Like in other Indic scripts, Tirhuta consonants have the inherent vowel "a", and take one of several modifying vowel signs to represent sylables with another vowel or no vowel at all.
Tirhuta Gha with vowel matras :
| Gha | Ghā | Ghi | Ghī | Ghu | Ghū | Ghṛ | Ghṝ | Ghḷ | Ghḹ | Ghē | Ghe | Ghai | Ghō | Gho | Ghau | Gh |
| 𑒒 | 𑒒𑒰 | 𑒒𑒱 | 𑒒𑒲 | 𑒒𑒳 | 𑒒𑒴 | 𑒒𑒵 | 𑒒𑒶 | 𑒒𑒷 | 𑒒𑒸 | 𑒒𑒹 | 𑒒𑒺 | 𑒒𑒻 | 𑒒𑒼 | 𑒒𑒽 | 𑒒𑒾 | 𑒒𑓂 |

### Conjuncts of 𑒒

As is common in Indic scripts, Tirhuta joins letters together to form conjunct consonant clusters. The most common conjunct formation is achieved by using an explicit virama. As is common in most Indic scripts, conjucts of ra are indicated with a repha or rakar mark attached to the rest of the consonant cluster. In addition, other consonants take unique combining forms when in conjunct with other letters, and there are a several vertical conjuncts and true ligatures that can be found in Tirhuta writing.
* 𑒒୍ (ɡʱ) + 𑒩 (ra) gives the ligature ɡʱra:
* 𑒒୍ (ɡʱ) + 𑒫 (va) gives the ligature ɡʱva:
* 𑒓୍ (ŋ) + 𑒒 (ɡʱa) gives the ligature ŋɡʱa:
* 𑒩୍ (r) + 𑒒 (ɡʱa) gives the ligature rɡʱa:
* 𑒞୍ (t) + 𑒒 (ɡʱa) gives the ligature tɡʱa:

## Comparison of Gha

The various Indic scripts are generally related to each other through adaptation and borrowing, and as such the glyphs for cognate letters, including Gha, are related as well.
Comparison of Gha in different scripts :
| | | | | | | | | Aramaic | Aramaic | Aramaic | Aramaic | Aramaic | Aramaic | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Kharoṣṭhī 𐨓 | Kharoṣṭhī 𐨓 | Kharoṣṭhī 𐨓 | Kharoṣṭhī 𐨓 | Kharoṣṭhī 𐨓 | Kharoṣṭhī 𐨓 | | | | | | | | | | | Ashoka Brahmi | Ashoka Brahmi | Ashoka Brahmi | Ashoka Brahmi | Ashoka Brahmi | Ashoka Brahmi | | | Kushana Brahmi | Kushana Brahmi | Kushana Brahmi | Kushana Brahmi | Kushana Brahmi | Kushana Brahmi | | | Tocharian | Tocharian | Tocharian | Tocharian | Tocharian | Tocharian | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | Gupta Brahmi | Gupta Brahmi | Gupta Brahmi | Gupta Brahmi | Gupta Brahmi | Gupta Brahmi | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Pallava | Pallava | Pallava | Pallava | Pallava | Pallava | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Kadamba - | Kadamba - | Kadamba - | Kadamba - | Kadamba - | Kadamba - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Bhaiksuki 𑰑 | Bhaiksuki 𑰑 | Bhaiksuki 𑰑 | Bhaiksuki 𑰑 | Bhaiksuki 𑰑 | Bhaiksuki 𑰑 | | | Siddhaṃ | Siddhaṃ | Siddhaṃ | Siddhaṃ | Siddhaṃ | Siddhaṃ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Grantha 𑌘 | Grantha 𑌘 | Grantha 𑌘 | Grantha 𑌘 | Grantha 𑌘 | Grantha 𑌘 | | | Cham ꨉ | Cham ꨉ | Cham ꨉ | Cham ꨉ | Cham ꨉ | Cham ꨉ | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Sinhala ඝ | Sinhala ඝ | Sinhala ඝ | Sinhala ඝ | Sinhala ඝ | Sinhala ඝ | | | Pyu / Old Mon - | Pyu / Old Mon - | Pyu / Old Mon - | Pyu / Old Mon - | Pyu / Old Mon - | Pyu / Old Mon - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Tibetan གྷ | Tibetan གྷ | Tibetan གྷ | Tibetan གྷ | Tibetan གྷ | Tibetan གྷ | | | | | Newa 𑐑 | Newa 𑐑 | Newa 𑐑 | Newa 𑐑 | Newa 𑐑 | Newa 𑐑 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ahom 𑜗 | Ahom 𑜗 | Ahom 𑜗 | Ahom 𑜗 | Ahom 𑜗 | Ahom 𑜗 | | | Malayalam ഘ | Malayalam ഘ | Malayalam ഘ | Malayalam ഘ | Malayalam ഘ | Malayalam ഘ | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Telugu ఘ | Telugu ఘ | Telugu ఘ | Telugu ఘ | Telugu ఘ | Telugu ఘ | | | Burmese ဃ | Burmese ဃ | Burmese ဃ | Burmese ဃ | Burmese ဃ | Burmese ဃ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Lepcha - | Lepcha - | Lepcha - | Lepcha - | Lepcha - | Lepcha - | | | | | Ranjana | Ranjana | Ranjana | Ranjana | Ranjana | Ranjana | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Saurashtra ꢕ | Saurashtra ꢕ | Saurashtra ꢕ | Saurashtra ꢕ | Saurashtra ꢕ | Saurashtra ꢕ | | | Dives Akuru 𑤏 | Dives Akuru 𑤏 | Dives Akuru 𑤏 | Dives Akuru 𑤏 | Dives Akuru 𑤏 | Dives Akuru 𑤏 | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Kannada ಘ | Kannada ಘ | Kannada ಘ | Kannada ಘ | Kannada ಘ | Kannada ಘ | | | Kayah Li - | Kayah Li - | Kayah Li - | Kayah Li - | Kayah Li - | Kayah Li - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Limbu ᤄ | Limbu ᤄ | Limbu ᤄ | Limbu ᤄ | Limbu ᤄ | Limbu ᤄ | | | | | Soyombo 𑩟 | Soyombo 𑩟 | Soyombo 𑩟 | Soyombo 𑩟 | Soyombo 𑩟 | Soyombo 𑩟 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Khmer ឃ | Khmer ឃ | Khmer ឃ | Khmer ឃ | Khmer ឃ | Khmer ឃ | | | Tamil - | Tamil - | Tamil - | Tamil - | Tamil - | Tamil - | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Chakma 𑄊 | Chakma 𑄊 | Chakma 𑄊 | Chakma 𑄊 | Chakma 𑄊 | Chakma 𑄊 | | | Tai Tham ᨥ | Tai Tham ᨥ | Tai Tham ᨥ | Tai Tham ᨥ | Tai Tham ᨥ | Tai Tham ᨥ | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Meitei Mayek ꯘ | Meitei Mayek ꯘ | Meitei Mayek ꯘ | Meitei Mayek ꯘ | Meitei Mayek ꯘ | Meitei Mayek ꯘ | | | | | Gaudi - | Gaudi - | Gaudi - | Gaudi - | Gaudi - | Gaudi - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Thai ฆ | Thai ฆ | Thai ฆ | Thai ฆ | Thai ฆ | Thai ฆ | | | Lao ຆ | Lao ຆ | Lao ຆ | Lao ຆ | Lao ຆ | Lao ຆ | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Tai Le - | Tai Le - | Tai Le - | Tai Le - | Tai Le - | Tai Le - | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Marchen - | Marchen - | Marchen - | Marchen - | Marchen - | Marchen - | | | | | Tirhuta 𑒒 | Tirhuta 𑒒 | Tirhuta 𑒒 | Tirhuta 𑒒 | Tirhuta 𑒒 | Tirhuta 𑒒 | | | | | | | | | | | | | New Tai Lue - | New Tai Lue - | New Tai Lue - | New Tai Lue - | New Tai Lue - | New Tai Lue - | | | Tai Viet - | Tai Viet - | Tai Viet - | Tai Viet - | Tai Viet - | Tai Viet - | | | Aksara Kawi | Aksara Kawi | Aksara Kawi | Aksara Kawi | Aksara Kawi | Aksara Kawi |
| | | 'Phags-pa - | 'Phags-pa - | 'Phags-pa - | 'Phags-pa - | 'Phags-pa - | 'Phags-pa - | | | Odia ଘ | Odia ଘ | Odia ଘ | Odia ଘ | Odia ଘ | Odia ଘ | | | | | Sharada 𑆔 | Sharada 𑆔 | Sharada 𑆔 | Sharada 𑆔 | Sharada 𑆔 | Sharada 𑆔 | | | Rejang - | Rejang - | Rejang - | Rejang - | Rejang - | Rejang - | | | Batak - | Batak - | Batak - | Batak - | Batak - | Batak - | | | Buginese - | Buginese - | Buginese - | Buginese - | Buginese - | Buginese - |
| Zanabazar Square 𑨎 | Zanabazar Square 𑨎 | Zanabazar Square 𑨎 | Zanabazar Square 𑨎 | Zanabazar Square 𑨎 | Zanabazar Square 𑨎 | | | | | Bengali-Assamese | Bengali-Assamese | Bengali-Assamese | Bengali-Assamese | Bengali-Assamese | Bengali-Assamese | | | Takri 𑚍 | Takri 𑚍 | Takri 𑚍 | Takri 𑚍 | Takri 𑚍 | Takri 𑚍 | | | | | Javanese ꦓ | Javanese ꦓ | Javanese ꦓ | Javanese ꦓ | Javanese ꦓ | Javanese ꦓ | | | Balinese ᬖ | Balinese ᬖ | Balinese ᬖ | Balinese ᬖ | Balinese ᬖ | Balinese ᬖ | | | Makasar - | Makasar - | Makasar - | Makasar - | Makasar - | Makasar - |
| Hangul - | Hangul - | Hangul - | Hangul - | Hangul - | Hangul - | | | | | Northern Nagari - | Northern Nagari - | Northern Nagari - | Northern Nagari - | Northern Nagari - | Northern Nagari - | | | Dogri 𑠍 | Dogri 𑠍 | Dogri 𑠍 | Dogri 𑠍 | Dogri 𑠍 | Dogri 𑠍 | | | Laṇḍā - | Laṇḍā - | Laṇḍā - | Laṇḍā - | Laṇḍā - | Laṇḍā - | | | | | Sundanese - | Sundanese - | Sundanese - | Sundanese - | Sundanese - | Sundanese - | | | Baybayin - | Baybayin - | Baybayin - | Baybayin - | Baybayin - | Baybayin - |
| Modi 𑘑 | Modi 𑘑 | Modi 𑘑 | Modi 𑘑 | Modi 𑘑 | Modi 𑘑 | | | Gujarati ઘ | Gujarati ઘ | Gujarati ઘ | Gujarati ઘ | Gujarati ઘ | Gujarati ઘ | | | | | | | Khojki 𑈌 | Khojki 𑈌 | Khojki 𑈌 | Khojki 𑈌 | Khojki 𑈌 | Khojki 𑈌 | | | Khudabadi 𑊾 | Khudabadi 𑊾 | Khudabadi 𑊾 | Khudabadi 𑊾 | Khudabadi 𑊾 | Khudabadi 𑊾 | | | Mahajani 𑅘 | Mahajani 𑅘 | Mahajani 𑅘 | Mahajani 𑅘 | Mahajani 𑅘 | Mahajani 𑅘 | | | Tagbanwa - | Tagbanwa - | Tagbanwa - | Tagbanwa - | Tagbanwa - | Tagbanwa - |
| Devanagari | Devanagari | Devanagari | Devanagari | Devanagari | Devanagari | | | Nandinagari 𑦱 | Nandinagari 𑦱 | Nandinagari 𑦱 | Nandinagari 𑦱 | Nandinagari 𑦱 | Nandinagari 𑦱 | | | Kaithi | Kaithi | Kaithi | Kaithi | Kaithi | Kaithi | | | | | Gurmukhi ਘ | Gurmukhi ਘ | Gurmukhi ਘ | Gurmukhi ਘ | Gurmukhi ਘ | Gurmukhi ਘ | | | Multani 𑊈 | Multani 𑊈 | Multani 𑊈 | Multani 𑊈 | Multani 𑊈 | Multani 𑊈 | | | | | Buhid - | Buhid - | Buhid - | Buhid - | Buhid - | Buhid - |
| Canadian Syllabics - | Canadian Syllabics - | Canadian Syllabics - | Canadian Syllabics - | Canadian Syllabics - | Canadian Syllabics - | | | Soyombo 𑩟 | Soyombo 𑩟 | Soyombo 𑩟 | Soyombo 𑩟 | Soyombo 𑩟 | Soyombo 𑩟 | | | Sylheti Nagari ꠊ | Sylheti Nagari ꠊ | Sylheti Nagari ꠊ | Sylheti Nagari ꠊ | Sylheti Nagari ꠊ | Sylheti Nagari ꠊ | | | Gunjala Gondi 𑵷 | Gunjala Gondi 𑵷 | Gunjala Gondi 𑵷 | Gunjala Gondi 𑵷 | Gunjala Gondi 𑵷 | Gunjala Gondi 𑵷 | | | | | Masaram Gondi 𑴏 | Masaram Gondi 𑴏 | Masaram Gondi 𑴏 | Masaram Gondi 𑴏 | Masaram Gondi 𑴏 | Masaram Gondi 𑴏 | | | | | Hanuno'o - | Hanuno'o - | Hanuno'o - | Hanuno'o - | Hanuno'o - | Hanuno'o - |

## Character encodings of Gha

Most Indic scripts are encoded in the Unicode Standard, and as such the letter Gha in those scripts can be represented in plain text with unique codepoint. Gha from several modern-use scripts can also be found in legacy encodings, such as ISCII.
Character information :
| Preview | | | | | ఘ | ఘ | ଘ | ଘ | ಘ | ಘ | ഘ | ഘ | ઘ | ઘ | ਘ | ਘ |
| Unicode name | DEVANAGARI LETTER GHA | DEVANAGARI LETTER GHA | BENGALI LETTER GHA | BENGALI LETTER GHA | TELUGU LETTER GHA | TELUGU LETTER GHA | ORIYA LETTER GHA | ORIYA LETTER GHA | KANNADA LETTER GHA | KANNADA LETTER GHA | MALAYALAM LETTER GHA | MALAYALAM LETTER GHA | GUJARATI LETTER GHA | GUJARATI LETTER GHA | GURMUKHI LETTER GHA | GURMUKHI LETTER GHA |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 2328 | U+0918 | 2456 | U+0998 | 3096 | U+0C18 | 2840 | U+0B18 | 3224 | U+0C98 | 3352 | U+0D18 | 2712 | U+0A98 | 2584 | U+0A18 |
| UTF-8 | 224 164 152 | E0 A4 98 | 224 166 152 | E0 A6 98 | 224 176 152 | E0 B0 98 | 224 172 152 | E0 AC 98 | 224 178 152 | E0 B2 98 | 224 180 152 | E0 B4 98 | 224 170 152 | E0 AA 98 | 224 168 152 | E0 A8 98 |
| Numeric character reference | &#2328; | &#x918; | &#2456; | &#x998; | &#3096; | &#xC18; | &#2840; | &#xB18; | &#3224; | &#xC98; | &#3352; | &#xD18; | &#2712; | &#xA98; | &#2584; | &#xA18; |
| ISCII | 182 | B6 | 182 | B6 | 182 | B6 | 182 | B6 | 182 | B6 | 182 | B6 | 182 | B6 | 182 | B6 |
Character information :
| Preview | AshokaKushanaGupta | AshokaKushanaGupta | 𐨓 | 𐨓 | | | 𑌘 | 𑌘 |
| Unicode name | BRAHMI LETTER GHA | BRAHMI LETTER GHA | KHAROSHTHI LETTER GHA | KHAROSHTHI LETTER GHA | SIDDHAM LETTER NGA | SIDDHAM LETTER NGA | GRANTHA LETTER GHA | GRANTHA LETTER GHA |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 69654 | U+11016 | 68115 | U+10A13 | 71058 | U+11592 | 70424 | U+11318 |
| UTF-8 | 240 145 128 150 | F0 91 80 96 | 240 144 168 147 | F0 90 A8 93 | 240 145 150 146 | F0 91 96 92 | 240 145 140 152 | F0 91 8C 98 |
| UTF-16 | 55300 56342 | D804 DC16 | 55298 56851 | D802 DE13 | 55301 56722 | D805 DD92 | 55300 57112 | D804 DF18 |
| Numeric character reference | &#69654; | &#x11016; | &#68115; | &#x10A13; | &#71058; | &#x11592; | &#70424; | &#x11318; |
Character information :
| Preview | གྷ | གྷ | ྒྷ | ྒྷ | 𑨎 | 𑨎 | 𑐑 | 𑐑 | 𑰑 | 𑰑 | 𑆔 | 𑆔 |
| Unicode name | TIBETAN LETTER GHA | TIBETAN LETTER GHA | TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER GHA | TIBETAN SUBJOINED LETTER GHA | ZANABAZAR SQUARE LETTER GHA | ZANABAZAR SQUARE LETTER GHA | NEWA LETTER GHA | NEWA LETTER GHA | BHAIKSUKI LETTER GHA | BHAIKSUKI LETTER GHA | SHARADA LETTER GHA | SHARADA LETTER GHA |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 3907 | U+0F43 | 3987 | U+0F93 | 72206 | U+11A0E | 70673 | U+11411 | 72721 | U+11C11 | 70036 | U+11194 |
| UTF-8 | 224 189 131 | E0 BD 83 | 224 190 147 | E0 BE 93 | 240 145 168 142 | F0 91 A8 8E | 240 145 144 145 | F0 91 90 91 | 240 145 176 145 | F0 91 B0 91 | 240 145 134 148 | F0 91 86 94 |
| UTF-16 | 3907 | 0F43 | 3987 | 0F93 | 55302 56846 | D806 DE0E | 55301 56337 | D805 DC11 | 55303 56337 | D807 DC11 | 55300 56724 | D804 DD94 |
| Numeric character reference | &#3907; | &#xF43; | &#3987; | &#xF93; | &#72206; | &#x11A0E; | &#70673; | &#x11411; | &#72721; | &#x11C11; | &#70036; | &#x11194; |
Character information :
| Preview | ဃ | ဃ | ᨥ | ᨥ |
| Unicode name | MYANMAR LETTER GHA | MYANMAR LETTER GHA | TAI THAM LETTER LOW KHA | TAI THAM LETTER LOW KHA |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 4099 | U+1003 | 6693 | U+1A25 |
| UTF-8 | 225 128 131 | E1 80 83 | 225 168 165 | E1 A8 A5 |
| Numeric character reference | &#4099; | &#x1003; | &#6693; | &#x1A25; |
Character information :
| Preview | ឃ | ឃ | ຆ | ຆ | ฆ | ฆ |
| Unicode name | KHMER LETTER KHO | KHMER LETTER KHO | LAO LETTER PALI GHA | LAO LETTER PALI GHA | THAI CHARACTER KHO RAKHANG | THAI CHARACTER KHO RAKHANG |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 6019 | U+1783 | 3718 | U+0E86 | 3590 | U+0E06 |
| UTF-8 | 225 158 131 | E1 9E 83 | 224 186 134 | E0 BA 86 | 224 184 134 | E0 B8 86 |
| Numeric character reference | &#6019; | &#x1783; | &#3718; | &#xE86; | &#3590; | &#xE06; |
Character information :
| Preview | ඝ | ඝ | 𑄊 | 𑄊 | 𑜗 | 𑜗 | 𑤏 | 𑤏 | ꢕ | ꢕ | ꨉ | ꨉ |
| Unicode name | SINHALA LETTER MAHAAPRAANA GAYANNA | SINHALA LETTER MAHAAPRAANA GAYANNA | CHAKMA LETTER GHAA | CHAKMA LETTER GHAA | AHOM LETTER GHA | AHOM LETTER GHA | DIVES AKURU LETTER GHA | DIVES AKURU LETTER GHA | SAURASHTRA LETTER GHA | SAURASHTRA LETTER GHA | CHAM LETTER GHA | CHAM LETTER GHA |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 3485 | U+0D9D | 69898 | U+1110A | 71447 | U+11717 | 71951 | U+1190F | 43157 | U+A895 | 43529 | U+AA09 |
| UTF-8 | 224 182 157 | E0 B6 9D | 240 145 132 138 | F0 91 84 8A | 240 145 156 151 | F0 91 9C 97 | 240 145 164 143 | F0 91 A4 8F | 234 162 149 | EA A2 95 | 234 168 137 | EA A8 89 |
| UTF-16 | 3485 | 0D9D | 55300 56586 | D804 DD0A | 55301 57111 | D805 DF17 | 55302 56591 | D806 DD0F | 43157 | A895 | 43529 | AA09 |
| Numeric character reference | &#3485; | &#xD9D; | &#69898; | &#x1110A; | &#71447; | &#x11717; | &#71951; | &#x1190F; | &#43157; | &#xA895; | &#43529; | &#xAA09; |
Character information :
| Preview | 𑘑 | 𑘑 | 𑦱 | 𑦱 | 𑩟 | 𑩟 | ꠊ | ꠊ | 𑵷 | 𑵷 | | |
| Unicode name | MODI LETTER GHA | MODI LETTER GHA | NANDINAGARI LETTER GHA | NANDINAGARI LETTER GHA | SOYOMBO LETTER GHA | SOYOMBO LETTER GHA | SYLOTI NAGRI LETTER GHO | SYLOTI NAGRI LETTER GHO | GUNJALA GONDI LETTER GHA | GUNJALA GONDI LETTER GHA | KAITHI LETTER GHA | KAITHI LETTER GHA |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 71185 | U+11611 | 72113 | U+119B1 | 72287 | U+11A5F | 43018 | U+A80A | 73079 | U+11D77 | 69776 | U+11090 |
| UTF-8 | 240 145 152 145 | F0 91 98 91 | 240 145 166 177 | F0 91 A6 B1 | 240 145 169 159 | F0 91 A9 9F | 234 160 138 | EA A0 8A | 240 145 181 183 | F0 91 B5 B7 | 240 145 130 144 | F0 91 82 90 |
| UTF-16 | 55301 56849 | D805 DE11 | 55302 56753 | D806 DDB1 | 55302 56927 | D806 DE5F | 43018 | A80A | 55303 56695 | D807 DD77 | 55300 56464 | D804 DC90 |
| Numeric character reference | &#71185; | &#x11611; | &#72113; | &#x119B1; | &#72287; | &#x11A5F; | &#43018; | &#xA80A; | &#73079; | &#x11D77; | &#69776; | &#x11090; |
Character information :
| Preview | 𑒒 | 𑒒 | ᤄ | ᤄ | ꯘ | ꯘ |
| Unicode name | TIRHUTA LETTER GHA | TIRHUTA LETTER GHA | LIMBU LETTER GHA | LIMBU LETTER GHA | MEETEI MAYEK LETTER GHOU | MEETEI MAYEK LETTER GHOU |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 70802 | U+11492 | 6404 | U+1904 | 43992 | U+ABD8 |
| UTF-8 | 240 145 146 146 | F0 91 92 92 | 225 164 132 | E1 A4 84 | 234 175 152 | EA AF 98 |
| UTF-16 | 55301 56466 | D805 DC92 | 6404 | 1904 | 43992 | ABD8 |
| Numeric character reference | &#70802; | &#x11492; | &#6404; | &#x1904; | &#43992; | &#xABD8; |
Character information :
| Preview | 𑚍 | 𑚍 | 𑠍 | 𑠍 | 𑈌 | 𑈌 | 𑊾 | 𑊾 | 𑅘 | 𑅘 | 𑊈 | 𑊈 |
| Unicode name | TAKRI LETTER GHA | TAKRI LETTER GHA | DOGRA LETTER GHA | DOGRA LETTER GHA | KHOJKI LETTER GHA | KHOJKI LETTER GHA | KHUDAWADI LETTER GHA | KHUDAWADI LETTER GHA | MAHAJANI LETTER GHA | MAHAJANI LETTER GHA | MULTANI LETTER GHA | MULTANI LETTER GHA |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 71309 | U+1168D | 71693 | U+1180D | 70156 | U+1120C | 70334 | U+112BE | 69976 | U+11158 | 70280 | U+11288 |
| UTF-8 | 240 145 154 141 | F0 91 9A 8D | 240 145 160 141 | F0 91 A0 8D | 240 145 136 140 | F0 91 88 8C | 240 145 138 190 | F0 91 8A BE | 240 145 133 152 | F0 91 85 98 | 240 145 138 136 | F0 91 8A 88 |
| UTF-16 | 55301 56973 | D805 DE8D | 55302 56333 | D806 DC0D | 55300 56844 | D804 DE0C | 55300 57022 | D804 DEBE | 55300 56664 | D804 DD58 | 55300 56968 | D804 DE88 |
| Numeric character reference | &#71309; | &#x1168D; | &#71693; | &#x1180D; | &#70156; | &#x1120C; | &#70334; | &#x112BE; | &#69976; | &#x11158; | &#70280; | &#x11288; |
Character information :
| Preview | ᬖ | ᬖ | ꦓ | ꦓ |
| Unicode name | BALINESE LETTER GA GORA | BALINESE LETTER GA GORA | JAVANESE LETTER GA MURDA | JAVANESE LETTER GA MURDA |
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 6934 | U+1B16 | 43411 | U+A993 |
| UTF-8 | 225 172 150 | E1 AC 96 | 234 166 147 | EA A6 93 |
| Numeric character reference | &#6934; | &#x1B16; | &#43411; | &#xA993; |
Character information :
| Preview | 𑴏 | 𑴏 |
| Unicode name | MASARAM GONDI LETTER GHA | MASARAM GONDI LETTER GHA |
| Encodings | decimal | hex |
| Unicode | 72975 | U+11D0F |
| UTF-8 | 240 145 180 143 | F0 91 B4 8F |
| UTF-16 | 55303 56591 | D807 DD0F |
| Numeric character reference | &#72975; | &#x11D0F; |