OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Lachenaie, Quebec

Lachenaie was an off-island suburb of Montreal, in southwestern Quebec, Canada on the Rivière des Mille-Îles. It is now part of the city of Terrebonne, and is in the Regional County Municipality of Les Moulins. In 2001, the population was 21,709.

## History

In 1647, the Company of New France granted Pierre Legardeur de Repentigny a seigneury that he named Repentigny. In 1670, the Legardeur family ceded part of its seigneury to Charles Aubert de La Chesnaye, one of the most important landowners in New France. The first settlers would not land in Lachenaie until two years later.
Lachenaie was the 34th parish to be created in New France when it was founded in 1683 by the seigneur of the same name. The following year, fortifications were built around the seigneurial domain just in time to protect against the Iroquois who were threatening the French colonies of the time.
Far from having been spared by the Franco-Iroquois War, Lachenaie was the most affected parish in New France. After this war, for which the peace treaty was signed in 1701, only half of the Lachenois population remained, numbering only 32 souls.
Construction of the famous Chemin du Roy began in 1731, along the Mille-Îles River (now the Saint-Charles Road). The status of Lachenaie has been modified several times: from the municipality of Lachenaie, it became the County Municipality of Lachenaie and finally became the municipality of Saint-Charles-de-Lachenaie in 1855.
Finally, it was in 1972 that the municipality of the Parish of Saint-Charles-de-Lachenaie became the City of Lachenaie. The city celebrated its 300th anniversary in 1983. On June 27, 2001 Lachenaie La Plaine and Terrebonne merged under the new name of Terrebonne
45°42′53.6″N 73°30′57.9″W﻿ / ﻿45.714889°N 73.516083°W﻿ / 45.714889; -73.516083﻿ (Lachenaie, Quebec)
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# Nick White (racing driver)

Nick White (born July 25, 2006) is an American professional stock car racing driver who currently competes part-time in the ARCA Menards Series, driving the No. 22 Chevrolet for Drew White Motorsports. He is the son of former racing driver Drew White, who formerly competed in ARCA, as well as the NASCAR Busch Series.

## Racing career

White has previously competed in the Southern Pro Am Truck Series, the Florida Pro Truck Challenge Series, and the World Series of Asphalt Stock Car Racing.
In 2025, it was revealed that White would participate in the pre-season test for the ARCA Menards Series at Daytona International Speedway, driving the No. 00 Toyota for Kennedy Aiken Racing. A month later, it was revealed that White would attempt to make his debut in the season opening race at Daytona, this time driving the No. 22 Chevrolet for Drew White Motorsports, although he would withdraw for the event before practice.

## Motorsports results
### ARCA Menards Series

(key) (Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led. ** – All laps led.)
ARCA Menards Series results :
| Year | Team | No. | Make | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | AMSC | Pts | Ref |
| 2025 | Drew White Motorsports | 22 | Chevy | DAY Wth | PHO | TAL | KAN | CLT | MCH | BER | ELK | LRP | DOV | IRP | IOW | GLN | ISF | MAD | DSF | BRI | SLM | KAN | TOL | -* | -* | |
# Tilgate

Tilgate is one of 14 neighbourhoods within the town of Crawley in West Sussex, England. The area contains a mixture of privately developed housing, self-build groups and ex-council housing. It is bordered by the districts of Furnace Green to the north east, Southgate to the north west and Broadfield to the south west.

## History

Tilgate was first mentioned in 13th- and 14th-century tax returns with the inclusion of land owned by William Yllegate (or de illegate).
Within the Tilgate forest in the 17th century was a furnace (Tilgate Furnace).
In the 1860s a large house (Tilgate Mansion) and estate was created of 2,185 acres (which included 800 acres (3.2 km$^2$) of woodland). The entrance and Tilgate Forest Lodge is near Three Bridges railway station. The supply ponds for the furnace survived and became Tilgate Lake within the estate.
The estate was associated with the Joliffe family (and later the Nix family of bankers).
The estate was sold by auction on 7 September 1939; this included the park and mansion and properties in Three Bridges. The mansion was converted into flats, used by the Canadian Army during the Second World War but later demolished. The lodge house is now a bank in Three Bridges. The estate became Tilgate Park.

## Tilgate: Crawley New Town

With the creation of Crawley New Town in 1947 the Tilgate area was proposed as a neighbourhood. Construction began in 1955. A reserved area for housing Tilgate East was developed as Furnace Green. Tilgate had a population of 7,130 in 1981.

## Tilgate: Crawley

Tilgate is the home of Tilgate Park, a large area of forest run by the Forestry Commission. The forest contains Tilgate Nature Reserve and Wild Breeds Centre, three recreational lakes (Campbells Lake, Silt Lake and Titmus Lake), park areas, Tilgate Golf Course, and several small commercial buildings known as 'huts' which are used by small sports and hobby clubs and businesses.
The Thomas Bennett School (opened in 1958) was one of the earliest Comprehensive Schools in England, and by 1967 was the largest secondary school in England. It was named after Sir Thomas Bennett, chairman of Crawley Development Corporation. There are also two Primary schools within the area, as well as a parade of shops, churches, medical facilities, "The Hoppers" public house and other amenities. The area is one of the quietest in Crawley, as the population is largely made up of older residents.
K2, a new leisure centre for Crawley, was opened in November 2005 on land formerly belonging to Thomas Bennett School.
# Palakunnel Valiyachan

Palakunnel Mathai Mariam Kathanar (20 February 1831 – 20 April 1900) was an Indian clergy member that served in the Archdiocese of Changanacherry.

## Early life

He was born on 20 February 1831, in Koothrapally to Palakunnel Puthiyachirakav Itticheriyath and Mariam. In his childhood, he was known as Mathen. Mathen joined Mannanam Monastery for studies in 1845. He completed his studies under the tutelage of Kuriakose Elias Chavara, the Abbot of Mannanam Ashram. He was ordained as a priest at Mannanam by Bernardine Baccenelli of St. Teresa, O.C.D, the Vicar Apostolic of Verapoly on 2 July 1855.

## Social reformations

Throughout his life he worked for the betterment of people of all castes and especially the illiterate Dalits who were suffering in the society. Initiatives were taken to provide education to Dalits. He spent money from his own hands and established Churches and Schools to teach the Dalits. In the month of April 1870, Valiyachan obtained permission from T. Madhava Rao, who was the Diwan of Travancore, to say Mass at the Central Prison, Poojappura for inmates. Valyachan offered mass at Central Prison, Poojappura in the same year on Palm Sunday.

## Contributions

List of Churches and institutions constructed by Valyachan
* Koratti Church, Erumely – 1858
* Puthiya Chirakkavu Church – 1859
* Koothrapally Chappel – 1876

## Nalagamam

Valyachan's Nalagamam (Diary) is a valuable source for the history of Syriac Church of Kerala and the social and cultural history of Central Travancore from 1857 to 1896. The main events of that time and the historical course of the Syriac Church were carefully observed and recorded. He Has a habit of writing down all these in his own perspective. Nalagamam helps us to know about the religious moral and cultural standard of living of Nasrani Nasrani community at that time. Construction of Changanassery – Peerumedu road in 1863, establishment of Alappuzha Light House, smallpox disease which killed thousands of people in Changanassery and other places, locust plague on Easter Thursday in 1878, earthquake in 1881, floods in Kuttanad in 1882 and 1883, etc. are all explained in Nalagamam.

## Death

Palakunnel Mathai Mariam Katanar died on 20 April 1900. On 21 April, he was buried in a self-made grave in a chapel built by Valyachan for the dedication of Saint Maurus on the roadside near Koothrapally church. Later his mortal remains were moved inside the newly built Koothrapally church.
# Dulhan (1958 film)

Dulhan is a 1958 Hindi-language film.

## Cast

* Raaj Kumar as Mohan
* Nirupa Roy as Sharda
* Nanda as Sadhana
* Jeevan as Anokhelal
* Agha as Masterji
* Bhagwan Dada as Professor Bhaskande
* Gajanan Jagirdar as Seth Dhanpal
* Manorama as Chanda

## Soundtrack

| Song | Singer |
| "Mere Gore Gore Gaal, Mere Kale Kale Baal" | Shamshad Begum, Mohammed Rafi |
| "Kaise Jaaun Mai Piya, Mora Maane Na Jiya" | Asha Bhosle, Hemant Kumar |
| "Lelo Lelo Muliram Aur Bhindimal Ka" | Mohammed Rafi |
| "I Love You O Madam" | Asha Bhosle, Geeta Dutt |
| "Jiya Sharmaye Nazar Jhuki Jaaye" | Asha Bhosle |
| "Naari Jeevan, Gehra Sagar, Dono Ek Saman" | Asha Bhosle |
| "Aaj Chita Par Leti Ek Bharat Maa Ki Beti" | Hemant Kumar |
| "Dil Na Jala Gham Ko Bhula Ja" | Asha Bhosle |
| "To Phir Tumko" | Asha Bhosle, Geeta Dutt |
# Edward W. Stark

Edward W. Stark (December 5, 1869 – January 9, 1935) was an American businessman and politician.
Born in Fish Lake Township, Chisago County, Minnesota, Stark was a merchant and lived in Harris, Minnesota. Stark served as Harris village assessor and treasurer. He also served on the Harris school board and was the board clerk. Stark served as probate judge for Chisago County. From 1901 to 1905, Stark served in the Minnesota House of Representatives and was a Republican. His father Lars Johan Stark also served in the Minnesota State Legislature. From 1925 to 1927, Stark served as Minnesota State Treasurer. Stark died suddenly in Center City, Minnesota while eating dinner.
# Paradajz

Paradajz (Serbian: Парадајз) is an ada, a river island in the Danube, in Belgrade, Serbia. It is located east of Ada Huja, an erstwhile island turned into the peninsula, making its natural extension. It is located in the municipality of Palilula.

## Location

The Paradajz is located across the easternmost tip of Ada Huja and right in front of the banks of the neighborhood of Višnjica, approximately at the Danube's 1,163 km (723 mi).

## Geography

OVAJ ŽIVOT NIJE LAK NIJE LAK AL JA MORAM IČI SPAT TAM JA JEBEM LJEPE TETE JESR SU JAKO LJEPEThe island began to form around 1986, due to the alluvial silt brought by the Danube. By 2011, it grew to an area of 2 ha (4.9 acres). As the island expanded, it formed a canal in front of Višnjica. The canal is named "Karlica" and is today considered the better access path to Ada Huja's bay of Rukavac where the Višnjica Marina is located. The island was originally round but by 2017 it got elongated and grew into the almost perfectly symmetrical eye shape.
Name of the island, Paradajz, means tomato in Serbian language. One theory is that it got the name thanks to its original round shape. Another one claims that the name originates from the tomatoes which began to grow wild on the island.

## Wildlife

Paradajz is heavily forested. In 2012, planting of the common osier began on the island in order to clean and filter the waters on the shore.

## Human interaction

Belgraders began to visit the island from 2006. First major work on Paradajz was done in 2011, when in the period of six months the island was cleaned from the waste brought constantly to the shores by the Danube. The overgrowth was partially cleared and small green zones are created. Using only wooden material from the island, wooden amphitheater and a futsal court were built. Dry and cleared wood was ground into the sawdust which was used for the creation of a 2 km (1.2 mi) long trim trail which circles around the island.
# Cleora Clanton

Cleora Clanton (October 27, 1891 – September 16, 1968) was an American librarian. She helped open a branch library for the community in Dallas, Texas.

## Early life

Clanton was born on October 27, 1891 to parents Robert Allen Clanton and Susanna Elizabeth Webb in Dallas, Texas.

## Career

In 1915, Clanton began her library career when she accepted a position with the Dallas Public Library. Over the years, she was appointed to branch librarian, assistant librarian, and eventually acting librarian before becoming head of the Dallas Public Library in 1927. After her promotion, she had to face the libraries financial crisis due to a lack of funding. In 1924, she revealed that there was an increase of over 5, 000 book loans from the Dallas Public Library, despite the increased popularity of radio. Although there was an increase, Clanton reported the library needed $25,000 worth of repairs. While she was head of the Dallas Public Library, Clanton was also elected President of the Texas Library Association.
In 1929, Dallas had two libraries, Central and Oak Cliff. Clanton was one of the major advocates for branch libraries. She also created bookmobiles as a resource to reach more of the Dallas population. This was in part due to the drop in library book loans due to WW2. She also actively supported the creation of a library branch to serve Dallas' African-American community. In 1941, Clanton was selected for the Library Publicity Honor Roll.
   “Probably no institution in the city touches the lives of the citizens at more points than the public library”
In the 1950s, she fought against the United States censorship of reading materials. She spoke in front of the City Council of Dallas to advocate for the allowance of pamphlet funding of material that the Council deemed "un-American." When ordered to remove Communist material from the library, she refused on the basis that knowledge of Communism was not in itself harmful. In 1955, she retired and was succeeded by James Meeks. Although she was replaced, she kept her role as associate librarian with a salary of $500 a month. Before retiring, she helped lead the campaign for construction of a new library building in downtown Dallas.
# Dimitris Thanopoulos

Dimitris Thanopoulos (born 26 August 1987 in Greece) is a Greek footballer playing as a midfielder.

## Career

He started his career from the Olympiacos F.C. youth academy, and he has been capped with the Greek U-19 national team.
# Angarey (1954 film)

Angaray is a 1954 Bollywood Action film, directed by K. B. Lall, starring Nasir Khan and Nargis in lead roles. The music was composed by S. D. Burman.

## Cast

* Nasir Khan as Raka
* Nargis as Simsi
* Pran as Fullura
* Jeevan as Howaba
* K. N. Singh as Dozila

## Music

All songs were music by S. D. Burman and penned by Sahir Ludhianvi.
| Song | Singer |
| "Rajdulari Bitiya Ri" | Lata Mangeshkar |
| "Us Basti Ko Janewale" | Lata Mangeshkar |
| "Ummeed Ki Jholi Mein" | Lata Mangeshkar |
| "Unhe Khokar Dukhi Dil Ki" | Lata Mangeshkar |
| "Pyarbhari Dhadkanon Ke" | Lata Mangeshkar |
| "Tere Sath Chal Rahe Hai Yeh Zameen, Chand Tare" | Lata Mangeshkar, Talat Mahmood |
| "Doob Gaye Akash Ke Tare" | Talat Mahmood |
| "Gori Ke Nainon Mein Nindiyabhari Aaja Ri" | Kishore Kumar, Shamshad Begum |
| "Roop Ki Rani Aayi" | Shamshad Begum |
| "Chup Chup Kyun Hai" | Asha Bhosle |
# Sugidama

A sugidama (杉玉), or sakabayashi (酒林), is an object of Japanese origin made by shaping sugi (Cryptomeria) leaves into a ball. Green sugidama are hung from the eaves of sake breweries to indicate that new sake is ready.

## Origin

It is said that sugidama originated from the Ōmiwa Shrine in Nara Prefecture, which is dedicated to the god of sake. Every year on November 14, the Ōmiwa Shrine decorated a sugi leaf ball with a wish for the production of delicious sake, and this custom spread to sake breweries throughout Japan from the early Edo period (1603-1868). It is believed that sugidama were created because sugi trees grow abundantly in the area around Mount Miwa, where the Ōmiwa Shrine is located, and because the sugi trees of Mount Miwa are considered sacred. Originally, it was customary to display sugidama made from the sugi leaves from Mount Miwa, but since modern times, sake breweries around Japan often make their own sugidama or commission them to be made by a vendor.

## Culture

The sugidama are usually displayed from February to March, which is the season for new sake production, and are used as a sign that "new sake has been made this year, too." The freshly hung sugidama are still verdant, but they eventually wither and turn brown. The green color from February to June indicates the season for new sake, the light green color from the early summer indicates natsuzake (summer sake), and the withered brown color from fall indicates hiyaoroshi (winter sake aged over the summer). Like this, the color of the sugidama is in sync with the sake brewing season, and the changing color of the balls tells people how the new sake has matured.
The waka poem "Gokuraku wa doko no sato to omohishi ni sugiba tatetaru mataroku ga kado," by Ikkyū, is a poem about a sugidama.

## Gallery

* Sugidama at the entrance of a sake brewery in Uda, Nara Prefecture
* A green sugidama
* Tips of a sugi (Cryptomeria japonica)
# Andrew Reynolds (archaeologist)

Andrew Reynolds is an English archaeologist specialising in the study of medieval Britain. He is a lecturer at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London. Reynolds worked as a field archaeologist from 1985 to 1990 before going on to gain a BA in Medieval Archaeology and a PhD from University College London.
One of his projects examined the medieval use of the Neolithic monument of Avebury in Wiltshire.

## Publications
### Books

* Reynolds, Andrew (2002). Later Anglo-Saxon England: Life and Landscape. The History Press.
* Reynolds, Andrew (2009). Anglo-Saxon Deviant Burial Customs. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press.

### Edited books

* Griffiths, David; Reynolds, Andrew and Semple, Sarah (editors) (2003). Anglo-Saxon Studies in Archaeology and History: Boundaries in Early Medieval Britain v. 12. Oxford University School of Archaeology.
* Gilchrist, Roberta; Reynolds, Andrew, eds. (2009), Reflections: 50 Years of Medieval Archaeology, 1957–2007, London: Maney Publishing, ISBN 978-1-906540-71-5
# Death by a Thousand Cuts (book)

Death by a Thousand Cuts is a book by historians Timothy Brook, Gregory Blue, and Jérôme Bourgon which examines the use of slow slicing or lingchi, a form of torture and capital punishment practised in mid- and late-Imperial China from the tenth century until its abolition in 1905.

## Synopsis

Death by a Thousand Cuts investigates the use of slow slicing or lingchi, a form of torture and capital punishment practised in mid- and late-Imperial China from the tenth century until its abolition in 1905. Lingchi involved repeatedly slicing the convict's flesh beyond the point of death.
By the time of the final imperial dynasty, the punishment could be meted out for an offence as simple as striking a teacher.
The authors argue that this was more than a physical punishment, as the victim was sedated with opium and killed early in the process, but about denying the victim "somatic integrity" and denying them any hope of a life after death which, the authors argue, caused them to feel shame.

## Reception

A staff reviewer at The New Yorker describes the book as a "fascinating study."
A staff reviewer at The Times states that "the authors present a nuanced picture of state-imposed execution and, without at any time condoning, succeed in their goal of contextualising lingchi in relation to Western forms of punishment" and that "this challenging and important work will appeal not solely to Sinologists, but to legal historians and students of visual representation."
Jonathan Mirsky in Literary Review writes that "[the authors] write coolly and formally, but this is a book primarily about torment."

## Awards

Death by a Thousand Cuts was a finalist and received an honourable mention for the Professional/Scholarly Publishing (PSP) Division of the Association of American Publishers 2008 PROSE Award, in the World History and Biography/Autobiography category.

## About the authors

Timothy Brook is Professor of History at the University of British Columbia. Jérôme Bourgon is a researcher at the Institut d’Asie Orientale / Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Lyon. Gregory Blue is Associate Professor of History at the University of Victoria.
# Bangor RFC

Bangor Rugby Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Bangor) is a Welsh rugby union team based in Bangor, North Wales. Bangor RFC is a founding member of the Welsh Rugby Union. The club fields a Seniors, Youth, Juniors and Ladies teams.

## History

Bangor RFC was formed in 1876, with three players in the team who would eventually represent their country, Hugh Vincent, Charles Allen and Godfrey Darbishire. In 1881 Bangor RFC sent representatives to the Castle Hotel in Neath where they were one of the clubs that formed the Welsh Rugby Union. That same year Bangor RFC player Godfrey Darbishire played in the first Welsh international against England.
All competitive rugby ceased in Wales after the outbreak of World War I, and Bangor RFC disbanded. Although rugby was played after the War it wasn't until 1929 that Bangor RFC reformed and played in the North Wales Rugby Union league. Bangor RFC were based in Beaumaris on the Isle of Anglesey until 1962, when they moved to The Wern on Caernarfon Road, Bangor. The Club relocated again in 1995 to its current base in Llandygai. The club has helped develop 8 Welsh internationals and 3 British Lions. Former player Tony Gray was coach of the Triple Crown winning Welsh National side in 1988.

## Present day

The 1st XV is currently playing in SWALEC Division 3 North.

## Players of note

* Charles Peter Allen (2 caps)
* Godfrey Darbishire (1 cap)
* Sir Hugh Corbet Vincent (1 cap)
* Robin McBryde (37 caps) (British & Irish Lion)
* Stuart Roy (1 cap)
* Tony Gray (2 caps) (former Wales coach)
* Roland De Marigny (19 caps)
* Geoff Evans (7 caps) (British & Irish Lion)
* Dewi Bebb (34 caps) (British & Irish Lion)
* Guy Manson-Bishop (Barbarians, London Scottish, Sale & Leicester)
* Gavin Whittingham (Glasgow Warriors & Natal U21s)
* Morne Snyman (Griquas & Natal U21s)
* Shane Fletcher (Horowhenua) (Current North Canterbury Coach)

## Rugby League

* Phil Vievers (1 cap) (Current Salford City Reds Coach)
* Chris Byrne (GB Students)
* Ben Barton (Huddersfield Giants)
# Girl and Death

Girl and Death may refer to:
* A Girl and Death, 1892 fantasy poem by Maxim Gorky
* "A Girl and Death", 1986 ballet by Mikael Tariverdiev based on Gorky's poem
* The Girl and Death, 2012 Dutch film directed by Jos Stelling
* "A Girl and Death", the third episode from Three Stories (1997 film)