# Cosío

Cosio is a municipality and town in the Mexican state of Aguascalientes. It stands at 22°22′N 102°18′W﻿ / ﻿22.367°N 102.300°W﻿ / 22.367; -102.300. The municipal seat is the town of Cosío. As of 2020, the town of Cosío had a population of 17,000.

## Name

Cosío is said to have been named after either former Governor of Aguascalientes Felipe Cosío or Luis de Cosío, who had an instrumental part in helping Cosío become a municipality.

## Coat of Arms

A large outline of the letter C framing the other elements holds the town motto, "Siempre Progresando." At the top, a simplified illustration the landscape. On the left, a map of the territory with a maguey plant, a cactus, a church, main roads, and a bee representing its inhabitant's industriousness. On the right, a book with the symbol for writing or a torch. At the bottom, cultivated land with a tractor, watering equipment, and commonly cultivated crops including grapes.

## History
### Founding

Cosío was founded December 28, 1857.
Before then, the area was part of neighboring municipality Rincon de Romos and belonged to the San Jacinto hacienda, owned by Pío Bermejillo. A tenant of the hacienda, Cornelio Acosta, asked for permission to build in the area and founded Natillas Ranch. Due to its positioning at the northernmost part of Aguascalientes, Natillas was used as a rest stop for those traveling between the state and the bordering state of Zacatecas.

## Demographics
### 2010

In 2010, the municipality had a total population of 15,042.
As of 2010, the town of Cosío had a population of 4,898. Other than the town of Cosío, the municipality had 85 localities, the largest of which (with 2010 populations in parentheses) were: La Punta (2,416), El Refugio de Providencia (Providencia) (1,377), El Salero (1,229), and Santa María de la Paz (1,026), classified as rural.

### 2020
#### Population

By 2020, the population increased to 17,000.
2020 Census Demographics :
| | Count | Percent |
| Female | 8708 | 51.2% |
| Male | 8292 | 48.8% |
| Disabled | 805 | 0.05% |
| Indigenous | 15 | 0.0009% |
| Afro-Mexican | 2155 | 0.13% |
| Elderly (65+) | 1118 | 0.07% |

## Geography
### Climate

Steppe climate with warm summers, an average temperature of 63.1°F. The hottest months are May through August; the coldest are December through February. The average rainfall is 16.59". Frosts last from 20 to 40 days a year. The dominant trade winds are from the northeast to the southeast during the summer and part of the fall.
Climate data for Cosío (1991–2020) :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 28.0 (82.4) | 32.0 (89.6) | 32.0 (89.6) | 34.0 (93.2) | 36.0 (96.8) | 36.0 (96.8) | 34.0 (93.2) | 32.0 (89.6) | 31.5 (88.7) | 32.0 (89.6) | 31.0 (87.8) | 28.0 (82.4) | 36.0 (96.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 20.4 (68.7) | 22.6 (72.7) | 25.1 (77.2) | 27.4 (81.3) | 28.9 (84.0) | 28.1 (82.6) | 26.5 (79.7) | 26.2 (79.2) | 25.0 (77.0) | 24.4 (75.9) | 22.5 (72.5) | 20.7 (69.3) | 24.8 (76.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 11.9 (53.4) | 13.6 (56.5) | 16.0 (60.8) | 18.4 (65.1) | 20.2 (68.4) | 20.3 (68.5) | 19.3 (66.7) | 19.1 (66.4) | 18.3 (64.9) | 16.9 (62.4) | 14.2 (57.6) | 12.2 (54.0) | 16.7 (62.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.4 (38.1) | 4.7 (40.5) | 6.8 (44.2) | 9.4 (48.9) | 11.6 (52.9) | 12.5 (54.5) | 12.1 (53.8) | 12.0 (53.6) | 11.7 (53.1) | 9.4 (48.9) | 5.9 (42.6) | 3.7 (38.7) | 8.6 (47.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −5.0 (23.0) | −4.0 (24.8) | −0.5 (31.1) | 1.0 (33.8) | 3.0 (37.4) | 7.0 (44.6) | 8.5 (47.3) | 8.0 (46.4) | 3.5 (38.3) | 1.0 (33.8) | −2.5 (27.5) | −7.0 (19.4) | −7.0 (19.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 22.8 (0.90) | 12.3 (0.48) | 4.3 (0.17) | 5.9 (0.23) | 18.1 (0.71) | 71.0 (2.80) | 103.5 (4.07) | 80.2 (3.16) | 82.7 (3.26) | 31.2 (1.23) | 12.2 (0.48) | 10.6 (0.42) | 454.8 (17.91) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 2.6 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 2.0 | 4.0 | 7.9 | 11.2 | 10.0 | 8.8 | 4.7 | 1.8 | 2.5 | 58.0 |
| Source: Servicio Meteorologico Nacional (precipitation days 1951-2010) ||||||||||||||

### Main Highways
#### Federal

* Carretera Federal 45
* Carretera Federal 45D

#### State

* Carretera Estatal 25
* Carretera Estatal 26
* Carretera Estatal 39
* Carretera Estatal 50
* Carretera Estatal 62
* Carretera Estatal 64
* Carretera Estatal 147

### Neighboring Municipalities

* Cuauhtémoc, Zacatecas – north-east
* Rincón de Romos – south
* Luis Moya, Zacatecas – north-west

#### Distances

* Aguascalientes: 34 miles.
* Asientos: 27 miles.
* Calvillo 66 miles.
* Jesús María 30 miles.
* Rincón de Romos 9 miles.

## Economy
### Main Sectors, Products, and Services
#### Agriculture

Most of the municipality's agriculture is irrigated.

##### Perennial

* grapes
* alfalfa

##### Spring and Summer

* corn
* beans
* chili peppers
* potatoes
* broccoli
* peas
* sorghum

##### Autumn and Winter

* garlic
* oats
* canary seed

#### Livestock

* Criollo cattle
* Charolais cattle
* Zebu cattle

#### Industry

Small industrial plants and workshops, a glove assembly plant, a children's clothing factory, balcony workshops and some extraction of minerals.

#### Commerce

Many commercial establishments, grocery stores, butcher shops and bakeries.

#### Services

Telephone services and means of transport such as taxis and buses are offered.

#### Fishing

Fishing can be practiced in the Natillas dam, which mainly has the species of bass, tilapia and mojarra.

### Socioeconomic Status

Cosío is significantly more disadvantaged socioeconomically compared the rest of Aguascalientes as a whole.
2020 Population Breakdown by Multidimensional Conditions of Poverty :
| | Population | Population | Compared to State |
| Vulnerability | Count | Percent | Compared to State |
| Social Only | 5138 | 32.2% | +6.6% |
| Economic Only | 1583 | 9.9% | -1.2% |
| Moderate Poverty | 5366 | 33.7% | +8.5% |
| Extreme Poverty | 538 | 3.4% | +1% |
| Not Vulnerable | 3316 | 20.8 | +14.9% |

### Lack of Access to Basic Necessities
#### Access to Utilities

2020 Breakdown of Lack of Access to Utilities in the Home :
| | Population Lacking Access | Population Lacking Access | Population Lacking Access | Population Lacking Access |
| Necessity | Count (thousands) | % | Households | % |
| Water | 3.1 | 18.1% | 671 | 17.1% |
| Plumbing | 0.2 | 1.3% | 61 | 1.6% |
| Electricity | 0.1 | 0.3% | 14 | 0.4% |
| Chimneys (when cooking with wood or charcoal indoors) | 0.3 | 1.5% | 70 | 1.8% |

#### Housing Issues

2020 Breakdown of Quality & Space Issues in Homes :
| | Population Experiencing Issue | Population Experiencing Issue | Population Experiencing Issue | Population Experiencing Issue |
| Issue | Count (thousands) | % | Households | % |
| Dirt Floors | 0.2 | 1.0% | 31 | 0.8% |
| Flimsy Roofing | 0.1 | 0.7% | 25 | 0.6% |
| Flimsy Walls | 0.1 | 0.9% | 31 | 0.8% |
| Overcrowded Homes | 1.3 | 7.7% | 196 | 5.0% |