# Fallbrook, California

Fallbrook is a census-designated place in northern San Diego County, California. It had a population of 32,267 at the 2020 census. Fallbrook is immediately east of the U.S. Marine Corps' Camp Pendleton. It is known for its avocado groves and calls itself the "Avocado Capital of the World".

## History

The community of Fallbrook was first settled by the Payomkawichum people, later called Luiseños by the Spanish missionaries who were present in the area in the late 1700s. Large village sites and oak groves were established by the Luiseños. One site in particular became the area known today as Live Oak County Park.
The first permanent recorded settlement was during the Mexican period in 1846, when Ysidro Alvarado was granted Rancho Monserate by then governor of Mexican California, Pio Pico, who was residing to the west of Fallbrook where Camp Pendleton is currently located. Alvarado and Pico were second-generation Californians and San Diegans and were citizens of Mexico and the United States.
Rancho Monserate, a 13,323-acre grant stretched from the San Luis Rey River and Bonsall to the south to Stagecoach Lane and the Palomares house to the North to Mission Road to the west to Monserate Mountain to the east.
Pio's nephew and local vaquero, Jose Maria Pico, had been residing in the area now known as the Fallbrook High School during the 1860 census and his family had registered to vote in October 1868, in time for the November presidential election, the first election after the Civil War ended.
The first known image of the area was an oil painting done by James Walker in 1870 called Roping the Bear at Santa Margarita Rancho, which depicts Mexican vaqueros capturing a grizzly bear.
Later, Canadian immigrant Vital Reche settled here with his family just north of Alvarado's ranch at the site now known as Live Oak Park. They named the new community Fall Brook after their former homestead in Pennsylvania.
Oak trees were the original primary trees in Fallbrook. Furthermore, olives became a major crop by the 1920s and continued through World War II, but were eventually phased out in favor of the present avocado and floral industry.
Prior to 1949, Fallbrook was served by U.S. Route 395 until it was rerouted out of Fallbrook and onto an alignment near present-day I-15, which lasted until 1969.
Incorporation votes occurred in 1981 and 1987, but both votes failed.
On October 21, 2007, wildfires broke out across San Diego county and other parts of Southern California. By October 23, the Rice Canyon Fire had crossed Interstate 15 and spread into the east area of Fallbrook along Reche Road, prompting a mandatory evacuation order for all residents. As of October 23, 206 homes, two commercial properties, and forty outbuildings had burned. These figures include over one hundred homes that burned in the Valley Oaks Mobile Home Park and Pala Mesa Village condos.

## Geography

The Fallbrook Community Planning Area is approximately 44 square miles (110 km$^2$). According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 17.6 square miles (46 km$^2$). 17.5 square miles (45 km$^2$) of it is land and 0.03 square miles (0.078 km$^2$) of it (0.19%) is water.
Native evergreen oak trees are common in the Fallbrook area, and in places form continuous woods (e.g. Live Oak Park area). Chaparral brushland is the other common vegetation type in the area. Avocados and Eucalyptus are the most common introduced tree species in the area.

### Climate

Fallbrook has an average year-round temperature of 64 degrees. Due to the prevailing ocean breezes, the humidity is relatively low and constant.
The average daytime high in Fallbrook is 75˚F, although in the summer, temperatures sometimes exceed 90 degrees. Most of the area is frost-free; during the coldest periods the average nighttime temperature is about 43 degrees. Due to its proximity to the ocean, days often start with early morning fog; afternoons can be breezy.
Annual rainfall is roughly 14 inches (36 cm) and comes mostly between November and April. Rainfall is higher in the surrounding hills, up to 20 inches (51 cm). The area is ideal for avocados, strawberries, tomatoes and many other sub-tropical fruits, vegetables, and flowers.
Climate data for Fallbrook, California, 1991–2020 normals :
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 67.5 (19.7) | 66.7 (19.3) | 70.1 (21.2) | 72.1 (22.3) | 75.2 (24.0) | 80.8 (27.1) | 87.2 (30.7) | 89.3 (31.8) | 87.8 (31.0) | 83.1 (28.4) | 74.3 (23.5) | 67.1 (19.5) | 76.8 (24.9) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 57.4 (14.1) | 56.6 (13.7) | 59.0 (15.0) | 61.3 (16.3) | 64.1 (17.8) | 68.3 (20.2) | 73.6 (23.1) | 75.5 (24.2) | 74.8 (23.8) | 70.8 (21.6) | 63.1 (17.3) | 56.6 (13.7) | 65.1 (18.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 47.4 (8.6) | 46.4 (8.0) | 47.9 (8.8) | 50.5 (10.3) | 52.9 (11.6) | 55.9 (13.3) | 60.0 (15.6) | 61.8 (16.6) | 61.7 (16.5) | 58.0 (14.4) | 51.9 (11.1) | 46.1 (7.8) | 53.4 (11.9) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 3.17 (81) | 3.74 (95) | 2.02 (51) | 1.00 (25) | 0.36 (9.1) | 0.12 (3.0) | 0.08 (2.0) | 0.22 (5.6) | 0.11 (2.8) | 0.70 (18) | 1.15 (29) | 2.64 (67) | 15.31 (388.5) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 5.7 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 2.3 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 3.1 | 4.6 | 6.5 | 48.4 |
| Source: NOAA ||||||||||||||

## Demographics
### 2010

The 2010 United States Census reported that Fallbrook had a population of 30,534. The population density was 1,738.7 inhabitants per square mile (671.3/km$^2$). The racial makeup of Fallbrook was 20,454 (67.0%) White with 49.1% of the population being non-Hispanic whites, 489 (1.6%) African American, 233 (0.8%) Native American, 592 (1.9%) Asian, 71 (0.2%) Pacific Islander, 7,372 (24.1%) from other races, and 1,323 (4.3%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13,800 persons (45.2%).
The Census reported that 30,383 people (99.5% of the population) lived in households, 94 (0.3%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 57 (0.2%) were institutionalized.
There were 9,999 households, out of which 3,929 (39.3%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 5,953 (59.5%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 1,140 (11.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 577 (5.8%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 528 (5.3%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 45 (0.5%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 1,782 households (17.8%) were made up of individuals, and 870 (8.7%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.04. There were 7,670 families (76.7% of all households); the average family size was 3.40.
The age distribution indicated 8,045 people (26.3%) under the age of 18, 3,768 people (12.3%) aged 18 to 24, 7,022 people (23.0%) aged 25 to 44, 7,457 people (24.4%) aged 45 to 64, and 4,242 people (13.9%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.3 males.
There were 10,855 housing units at an average density of 618.1 per square mile (238.6/km$^2$), of which 5,921 (59.2%) were owner-occupied, and 4,078 (40.8%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 8.5%. 17,274 people (56.6% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 13,109 people (42.9%) lived in rental housing units.

### 2000

As of the census of 2000, there were 29,100 people, 9,367 households, and 7,343 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 1,663.3 inhabitants per square mile (642.2/km$^2$). There were 9,612 housing units at an average density of 549.4 per square mile (212.1/km$^2$). The racial makeup of the CDP was 71.78% White, 1.43% African American, 0.90% Native American, 1.54% Asian, 0.30% Pacific Islander, 20.16% from other races, and 3.89% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 37.30% of the population.
There were 9,367 households, out of which 39.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.3% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.6% were non-families. 16.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.
The median income for a household in the CDP was $43,778, and the median income for a family was $48,157. Males had a median income of $31,615 versus $27,116 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $18,152. About 10.7% of families and 14.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 20.3% of those under age 18 and 8.1% of those age 65 or over.

## Government

In the California State Legislature, Fallbrook is in the 38th Senate District, represented by Democrat Catherine Blakespear, and in the 75th Assembly District, represented by Republican Carl DeMaio.
In the United States House of Representatives, Fallbrook is in California's 48th congressional district, represented by Republican Darrell Issa and in California's 49th congressional district, represented by Democrat Mike Levin. Fallbrook has several Special Districts, including the Fallbrook Regional Health District, which are governed by elected members of the community.

## Education

* Fallbrook Union High School
* Fallbrook Elementary School District
* Bonsall Unified School District

## Media
### Filming location

Part of the 1928 film The Mating Call was filmed in Fallbrook. The haunted house from the 2007 film Sarah Landon and the Paranormal Hour is in Fallbrook. In the 2015 film Thane of East County, one of the filming locations was an apartment building in Fallbrook.

## Notable people

Fallbrook is a center for the arts with longtime residents fostering a creative atmosphere and newcomers bringing additional talents to the area. In the 1940s and 1950s it was the home of film director Frank Capra, who raised olives on his Red Mountain Ranch. He served on the Board of the local water district and produced a short subject film about a water rights controversy with the federal government titled "The Fallbrook Story." In the mid-2000s, Fallbrook gained popularity among Hollywood celebrities. Among those with primary or secondary residences in Fallbrook:
* James Callahan, actor
* Kayla Canett, rugby union player and Olympic Bronze Medallist
* Frank Capra, director
* Richard Carpenter of The Carpenters
* Rita Coolidge, singer
* Michael Curtis, television writer and producer (Friends, JONAS)
* Edward Faulkner
* Rick Founds, Christian songwriter, best known for writing "Lord I Lift Your Name On High".
* Rudolph Hass, developer of the Hass avocado
* Tony Hawk (former resident)
* Leo Howard, actor
* Howard Keel, Fallbrook Union High School alumnus
* Aimee La Joie, actress
* Tom Metzger, white supremacist and former Ku Klux Klan leader (former resident)
* Martin Milner (former resident)
* Jason Mraz, musician
* Dave Mustaine, musician (secondary residence)
* T. Jefferson Parker
* Shane Peterson (former resident)
* Christie Repasy, floral artist
* Mark Rogowski (former resident)
* Tom Selleck, actor
* Duke Snider
* Elise Trouw, musician (former resident)
* Dolores Costello, actress