OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Louis Artan

Louis Victor Antonio Artan de Saint-Martin (20 April 1837 – 23 May 1890) was a Dutch-Belgian painter and etcher who specialized in seascapes.

## Biography

He was born into a noble family in The Hague. His father was an army officer who served as an adjutant to Prince Frederick. In 1842, his family moved to Ixelles and acquired Belgian citizenship. His father died later that same year and the family moved to Brussels.
Artan began training for a military career, but quit when he was twenty and spent the next six years travelling through the Ardennes, making nature studies. During this time, he became friends with Edouard Delvaux and, after 1858, began visiting Paris, where he was influenced by the Barbizon school and the French marine painter, Eugène Boudin. Although he took some lessons from Delvaux, he remained largely self-taught.
He returned to Belgium in 1860, married the following year, and settled in Ixelles. There, he was further influenced by the landscape painter Hippolyte Boulenger, who took him on a tour of the Sonian Forest in Tervuren. In 1864, an economic depression resulted in the loss of his family fortune and he had to depend entirely upon painting for his income.
Despite this, he remained restless and spent the years 1867–1868 exploring Brittany and the shores of the English Channel. When he returned home, he became one of the sixteen co-founders the Société Libre des Beaux-Arts, an association opposed to the stylistic hegemony of the academies and salons.
From 1873 to 1874, Artan lived in Antwerp, where he joined with a group of progressive painters who were fighting the influence of the Academy of Fine Arts. In 1875, he shared a studio with Félicien Rops in Paris, then settled briefly in Berck-sur-Mer, where he created some of his best-known works. After 1880, he worked in a more impressionistic style. In 1881, he became a Knight in the Order of Leopold. Two years later, he was awarded a gold medal at the International Colonial and Export Exhibition in Amsterdam.
He spent his last years living in De Panne and died nearby in Nieuwpoort of influenza during the 1889–1890 pandemic, at the age of fifty-three. His tombstone was designed by Victor Horta.
# Digital Realty Trust, Inc. v. Somers

Digital Realty Trust, Inc. v. Somers, 583 U.S. ___ (2018), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled that "whistleblower" status and associated protections as defined by Sarbanes-Oxley and Dodd-Frank only apply in cases where the whistleblower has reported malfeasance directly to the Securities and Exchange Commission.
# Federal Bureau of Investigation v. Fikre

Federal Bureau of Investigation v. Fikre, 601 U.S. ___ (2024), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that a complaint about being put on the No Fly List is not moot simply because the government later took the plaintiff off the List. To show mootness, the government must disclose the conduct that landed the plaintiff on the No Fly List and ensure that they will not be placed back on the List for engaging in the same or similar conduct in the future.
# Gil Mărdărescu

Mircea "Gil" Mărdărescu (born 12 April 1952, in Săcele) is a retired Romanian-American football (soccer) player.

## Career

Gil Mărdărescu started playing football in 1970 at Politehnica Iași under the guidance of his father, Virgil, making 28 appearances in the Romanian top-division, Divizia A. At the end of his second season the team relegated but he stayed with The Copou Squad, helping it promote back to the first league after one year. From 1973 until 1975 he played in Morocco at Wydad Casablanca.
In 1975, he joined the New York Cosmos as a midfielder in the North American Soccer League, where he played alongside three-time World Cup winner Pelé. According to Pelé's autobiography, when Mărdărescu first saw him he made the sign of the cross, then grabbed his hand, telling him:"I always dreamed that I would shake your hand. But playing alongside you is a miracle!". In the same year he moved on to the Rochester Lancers, where he was coached by Ted Dumitru. In 1980, he signed with the New York United football team of the American Soccer League.

## Personal life

His father Virgil Mărdărescu coached the Morocco to the 1976 African Cup of Nations title.
He currently lives in California with his wife Stephanie. Gil and Stephanie have two children together, Natalie and Nathan. Mardaresco has three grown children from a previous marriage.

## Honours

Politehnica Iași
* Divizia B: 1972–73
# Scytodes globula

Scytodes globula, the Chilean tiger spider, is a predatory spider of the family Scytodidae. In Spanish, it is known as araña tigre, or "tiger spider", but is also well known as "long-legged spider" (because of the disproportional size of those members) or "spitting spider" (because of its hunting methods, in which it projects an extremely sticky web which immobilizes its prey). It has achieved fame by being the only natural predator of the extremely common and dangerous Chilean recluse spider (Loxosceles laeta).

## Description and habitat

The adult Chilean tiger spider's size varies from 30 up to 70 mm. Its body is small (specially if compared to the size of its legs, which are usually between three and four times the size of its body). It has slow movements and it hunts only at night.
The spider is native to South America (it is common in Chile, but can be found in other parts of South America, specifically in Argentina, Uruguay and Bolivia). It lives mostly inside houses in dark and hidden places such as behind frames or in closets, but it can also be frequently found outdoors under Eucalyptus trees.

## Hunting method

The hunting method of the Chilean tiger spider is quite characteristic and it is the origin of one of its nicknames, the spitting spider. At night, the spider stealthily approaches its prey and then contracts its abdomen projecting an extremely sticky and resistant spider-web, which imprisons its prey even if it is larger than the spider; then, once the prey is verified to be immobilized, the spider injects its poison, secreted from its second venom gland.

## Prey

The Chilean tiger spider preys on flies, mosquitoes, bees, horse-flies, and other insects. However it also eats other kinds of spiders, and it has become famous for being the only natural predator of the common and dangerous recluse spider (Loxosceles laeta).

## Webs

The Chilean tiger spider builds barely elaborated spider-webs and only in its refuges.

## Bites

It is extremely unlikely for the Chilean tiger spider to attack beings that are more than twice its size (mainly because of its hunting methods), so an attack on a human being has almost no chance of happening. It has been declared by several studies of Chilean Universities to be "innocuous to human beings". There are no clinical records of attacks on humans.

## Relationship with the Chilean recluse spider

Due to having a similar thermal and environmental preference, it is common for the tiger spider to live near the chilean recluse spider which indicates a high probability of encounters and predation from part of the tiger spider, for which it's famous. A study of the behaviour and interaction of the two spiders from the University of Chile consisted of 25 experiments, where only 15 of the meetings ended up in an encounter between the two, with the tiger spider killing the chilean recluse spider in 12 of them. Regardless of the results of this small experiment, the status of the tiger spider as a predator of the chilean recluse spider remains up for debate, and more studies have to be done to conclusively determine this.
# Édouard Mantois

Édouard Mantois (French pronunciation:) was a French sailor who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics in Meulan, France. Mantois also took, as crew, the Bronze medal in the first race of the 1 to 2 ton and the 4th place in the second race of the 1 to 2 ton.
# Škoda Octavia (1959)

The Škoda Octavia is a small family car which was produced by Czechoslovakian automaker AZNP from 1959 to 1971, at their plant in Mladá Boleslav. It was introduced in January 1959 and was named Octavia as it was the eighth car produced by the nationalised Škoda company.
The saloon was produced until 1964, when it was replaced by the Škoda 1000 MB. An estate version was introduced in 1961, and remained in production until 1971.
The Octavia was the successor to the Škoda 440/445 on which it was based. It featured redesigned front axles with a coil spring and telescopic shock absorbers rather than a leaf spring as in the 440.
The 1,270 kg (2,800 lb) saloons were sold with 1089 cc engines producing 40 PS (29 kW), later 50 PS (37 kW), and 1221 cc engines with 45–55 PS (33–40 kW). The slightly heavier estate wagons at 1,365 kg (3,009 lb) were all shipped with 1.2 litre engines. The top speed was 110 to 115 km/h (68 to 71 mph).
The Škoda Octavia engine and gearbox were used in the Trekka light utility vehicle, which was manufactured in New Zealand from 1966 to 1973.
The Octavia name was resurrected in 1996 for a new model.
# Tohoku Electric Power

Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc. (東北電力株式会社, Tōhoku Denryoku Kabushiki Gaisha) is an electric utility, servicing 7.6 million individual and corporate customers in six prefectures in Tōhoku region plus Niigata Prefecture. It provides electricity at 100 V, 50 Hz, though some areas use 60 Hz.
Tohoku Electric Power is the fourth-largest electric utility in Japan in terms of revenue, behind TEPCO, KEPCO and Chubu Electric Power.

## Shareholders

* Nippon Life Insurance Company 3.9%
* Japan Trustee Services Bank 3.8%
* The Master Trust Bank of Japan 3.6%

## Accidents

On 11 March 2011, several nuclear reactors in Japan were badly damaged by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami. In the Onagawa Nuclear Power Plant a fire broke out in the turbine section of the plant.
In order to make up for the loss of electricity from the damaged reactor plant, Tohoku announced it would restart a mothballed natural gas power plant. The liquefied natural gas and oil-fired No. 1 unit at the Higashi Niigata plant in Niigata prefecture has a 350-megawatt capacity and could be in operation by early June 2011.
# Franchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt (2016)

Franchise Tax Board of California v. Hyatt (short: Hyatt II), 578 U.S. 171 (2016), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the Nevada rule that does not extend the same immunities to agencies of other states as it does to its own is effectively a "policy of hostility", which is unconstitutional under the Full Faith and Credit Clause. The Court split equally on the question whether Nevada v. Hall should be overruled, effectively upholding it.
# Haruo

Haruo (written: 春雄, 春生, 春男, 春夫, 晴生, 晴男, 晴夫, 暎夫, 治夫 or 治夫) is a masculine Japanese given name. Notable people with the name include:

## From Japan

* Haruo Arima (有馬 暎夫), Japanese footballer
* Haruo Hosoya (細矢 治夫, born 1936), Japanese chemist
* Haruo Inoue (井上 春生, born 1963), Japanese film director
* Haruo Maekawa (前川 春雄, 1911–1989), Japanese businessman and banker
* Haruo Minami (三波 春夫, 1923–2001), Japanese singer
* Haruo Nakajima (中島 春雄, born 1929), Japanese actor
* Haruo Oka (岡 晴夫, 1916–1970), Japanese singer
* Haruo Satō (novelist) (佐藤 春夫, 1892–1964), Japanese novelist
* Haruo Satō (voice actor) (佐藤 晴男, born 1961), Japanese voice actor
* Haruo Sato (water polo) (佐藤 晴雄, born 1945), Japanese water polo player
* Haruo Sotozaki (外崎春雄), Japanese director
* Haruo Suekichi (末吉 晴男), Japanese watchmaker
* Haruo Takeuchi, Japanese Paralympic athlete
* Haruo Tanaka (田中 春男, 1912–1992), Japanese actor
* Haruo Tomiyama (富山 治夫, born 1935), Japanese photographer
* Haruo Urata (浦田 春生, born 1962), Japanese long-distance runner
* Haruo Wakō (和光 晴生, born 1949), Japanese militant
* Haruo Yasuda (安田 春雄, born 1943), Japanese golfer
* Haruo Yoshimuta (吉無田 春男, 1939–2025), Japanese swimmer

## From Palau

* Haruo Remeliik, First President of Palau
* Haruo Willter, First Minister of Administration of Palau
# Twelve Mile House

Twelve Mile House
In 1842, The Twelve Mile House was originally built as an inn and tavern for travelers and local residents.
A simple, but imposing building. The Twelve Mile House was built in the Greek Revival Style, which is considered to be the first style to be developed in America. It is particularly noted for its feeling of monumental permanence.
Under various ownership and through 1861, the building continued to serve as a hotel with restaurant and bar until sometime after 1912. The Victorian bar entrance featuring beer mugs in relief on stone pilasters beside the doorway and grapes cut into lintel above is of particular significance in the buildings architectural history and has been retained as a monument to the past.
During the years until 1915, the inn served as a refuge to drivers, who herded cattle and hogs to the stockyards of Cincinnati, and to the haulers, who teamed huge loads of hay to livery stables and horse barns in the city. Throughout Prohibition Days, the inn gained new life as a Road House with dancing, live bands and entertainment. In later years, the original structure as expanded to accommodate additional business.
The Twelve Mile House has served as a landmark through the cultural and population changes within our society. Commercial activity created by its existence has played a significant role in the development of the present city of Sharonville.
Today, this structure has been preserved and will continue to serve the community and its heirs as a landmark of our past and the future.
Twelve Mile House is a registered historic building in Sharonville, Ohio, listed in the National Register on September 1, 1976.
Early Previous Known Owners
David Mills 1842-1854 (built the Inn)
George Metzger 1859 – 1868
Victor Grolle 1869-1890
Frank Knippschild 1890 – 1893
Nick Stegmann 1894 – 1904
Peter Funk 1905 – 1912

## Historic uses

* Hotel
* Restaurant
# Sparta Saints

The Sparta Saints were a minor league baseball team based in Sparta, Georgia. From 1948 to 1949, the Saints played exclusively as members of the Class D level Georgia State League, winning the 1948 league pennant. The Saints hosted minor league home games at the Sparta Baseball Park.

## History

Sparta, Georgia first hosted minor league play in 1948, when the Sparta "Saints" became charter members of the reformed in the six–team Class D level Georgia State League. The Baxley Red Sox, Douglas Rebels, Eastman Dodgers, Fitzgerald Pioneers and Vidalia-Lyons Twins joined Sparta in beginning league play on May 6, 1948.
In their first season of play the 1948 Sparta Saints finished first in the regular season standings, winning the league pennant. Sparta ended the Georgia State League regular season with an 81–37 record, playing the season under player/manager Woody Bottoms. Winning the Georgia State League pennant, the Saints finishing 16.0 games ahead of the second place Baxley Red Sox. In the playoffs, Sparta defeated the Eastman Dodgers 3 games to 2 to advance. In the Finals, the Fitzgerald Pioneers defeated Sparta 4 games to 3. Player/manager Woody Bottoms led the league in batting average, hitting .375 and Sparta teammate Alan Swygert led the Georgia State League with 88 RBI. Sparta pitcher Paul Brock led the league with both 21 wins and 270 strikeouts. Player/manager Woody Bottoms led the league in batting average, hitting .375 and Sparta teammate Alan Swygert led the Georgia State League with 88 RBI. Sparta pitcher Paul Brock led the league with both 21 wins and 270 strikeouts.
In their second and final season in 1949, the Saints missed the playoffs, placing fifth in the eight–team Georgia State League regular season standings. Sparta ended the season with a record of 69–68, playing under managers Woody Bottoms and Parnell Ruark. The Saints finished their final season 17.0 games behind the first place Eastman Dodgers in the regular season standings. James Stoyle of Sparta won the Georgia State League batting title with an average of .400 and also led the league with 191 total hits.
Sparta had total home attendance of 33,436 and 27,191 in their two seasons of play. The Saints franchise Saints franchise folded after the 1949 season, replaced by the Jesup Bees franchise in 1950 Georgia State League play. The Georgia State League eventually folded following the completion of the 1956 season. Sparta, Georgia has not hosted another minor league team.

## The ballpark

The Sparta Saints played home minor league games at the Sparta Baseball Park. The Sparta Baseball Park had a capacity of 2,000. Today, the ballpark still in use, hosting youth teams. The original grandstands remain.

## Timeline

| Year(s) | # Yrs. | Team | Level | League | Ballpark |
| 1948–1949 | 2 | Sparta Saints | Class D | Georgia State League | Sparta Baseball Park |

## Year–by–year records

| Year | Record | Finish | Manager | Playoffs/Notes |
| 1948 | 81–37 | 1st | Woody Bottoms | Lost League Finals |
| 1949 | 69–68 | 5th | Woody Bottoms / J.B. Ruark | Did not qualify |

## Notable alumni

* Izzy Leon (1948)
# Tuteria

Tuteria is a Nigerian platform for offline and online tutoring, co-founded in 2015 by Godwin Benson and Abiola Oyeniyi, systems engineers.

## Background

Goodwin Benson and Abiola Oyeniyi launched Tuteria -a tutoring platform- on June 9, 2015 after Godwin Benson left Deloitte. The platform is intended to link tutors with Nigerian learners. Benson was inspired by his own experience as a tutor to launch this project and Abiola Oyeniyi who is one of the top Python developers in Nigeria is the CTO of Tuteria and writes the code. Other notable members of the Tuteria team include Two-time Best Graduating Student-Peace Cole, COO and Kehinde Ishie who joined the team at the onset.
The selection of potential tutors is ensured by a verification process that includes an ID and qualifications check along with standard competency tests.

## Awards

In April 2015, Tuteria's developers were among the winners of the Microsoft Mobile devices and services “Passion to Empire” campaign. The start-up was able to raise N3.5million during this campaign.
In 2016, Tuteria won the Internet.org innovation challenge for education.
On May 23, 2017, Tuteria won Africa Prize for Engineering Innovation and received a US$32,000 prize by UK's Royal Academy of Engineering.

## Services

The website caters for a wide range of learners and it has 450 approved subjects with 6 main fields: mathematics, science, business, music, languages and computer science.
The tutoring platform also accommodates for other handcrafts and skills like bead-making, dance and photography.

## Funding and revenue

Tuteria received a $20 000 grant from Niara-Africa Inspire and Microsoft Lumia Nigeria.
The tutoring platform generates revenue from commissions on lessons booked via the website or the mobile application. Tuteria charges 15 to 30% for each paid lesson.
# George v. McDonough

George v. McDonough, 596 U.S. ___ (2022), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that the invalidation of a Department of Veterans Affairs regulation after a veteran's benefits decision becomes final cannot support a claim for collateral relief permitting revision of that decision based on "clear and unmistakable error" under 38 U.S.C. §§ 5109A and 7111.
# Angri

Angri is a town and comune in the province of Salerno, Campania, southern Italy. It is around 15 miles (24 km) northwest of the town of Salerno.

## History

The Byzantine general Narses defeated Teias, the last king of the Goths, nearby in AD 553.
In the 19th century, the city had a population of around 10,000 and its hinterland produced large quantities of grapes, tobacco, and cotton.
Angri was the native town of Gabriele Capone and Teresina Raiola, who emigrated to the United States and gave birth to Al Capone, a prominent gangster. Angri was also the hometown of Capone's successor of the Chicago Outfit, Frank Nitti, and of the Roman Catholic priest, Blessed Alfonso Maria Fusco, whose feast is February 6.

## Geography

Angri is a part of the Agro Nocerino Sarnese, near the Vesuvian area, and together with Scafati is the extreme part of the Salerno Province. The communal territory is at the base of the Lattari's mountains in the heart of the Sarno's valley, the most fertile areas of Italy.

### Climate

The climate is temperate, given the proximity of the sea. Summer is often hot with daytime temperatures in the low to mid 30s Celsius. Heavy downpours are common in winter, often accompanied by moderate winds. Frosts and snow are rare.

## Main sights

Sights in the city include the Castle and Doria's palace, the town park (the garden of the palace).
The churches are: the Collegiate Church of St. John the Baptist, the brotherhood of Santa Margherita, the church of Santa Maria of Constantinople, the former Grange of the Certosa di San Giacomo di Capri Pizzauto, the church of Santissima Annunziata with the museum of the Blessed can . Fusco, the Carmelite church, St. Catherine, St. Benedict, the brotherhood of Santa Margherita, the chapel of St. Cosmas and Damian.

## Transport

Angri is connected to the Autostrada A3 motorways. Angri station is the railway station of the city that allows moving to Naples and Salerno.

## Sport

The city's main football team is U.S. Angri Calcio 1927 A.S.D.
Basketball teams include:
* A.S.D Angri Basket
* Polisportiva A. Negro Angri basket
* Polisportiva S.C.A. Basket 2009
# Twin Bridges-East Paden Covered Bridge No. 120

The Twin Bridges-East Paden Covered Bridge No. 120 is an historic, American, wooden, covered bridge that is located in Fishing Creek Township in Columbia County, Pennsylvania, United States.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

## History and architectural features

This historic structure is a 75-foot-long (23 m), Burr Truss bridge, with a sheet metal roof. Erected in 1850, it crosses the Huntington Creek and is one of twenty-eight historic covered bridges that are located in Columbia and Montour Counties. It is a twin of the Twin Bridges-West Paden Covered Bridge No. 121.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.
# Carlungie and Ardestie earthhouses

Carlungie and Ardestie Earthhouses can be found in farmland north of Monifieth and Carnoustie. They date to the late Iron Age, from the 1st to 2nd centuries AD. They are examples of souterrains, probably used to store food.

## Ardestie Earthhouse

Ardestie earthhouse was discovered in the 1940s to the north of Mains of Ardestie farm. It was excavated in 1949–1950 by F.T. Wainwright, who first suggested that the function of the souterrain was as an underground cow byre, although grain storage and ritual use have also been suggested. Incorporated into the structure are recycled stones with Neolithic/Bronze Age cup and ring marks

## Carlungie Earthhouse

Carlungie earthhouse was excavated in 1950–1951, also by Wainwright. It is of similar date and a similar interpretation of its utilisation was made.
# Green v. Brennan

Green v. Brennan, 578 U.S. 547 (2016), was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that when filing a workplace discrimination complaint under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the filing period begins only after an employee resigns. The filing period begins at the time that the employee gives notice of resignation, not the effective date of resignation.

## Background

Marvin Green was denied a promotion at the United States Postal Service. He alleged that he was denied the promotion because he was black and U.S.P.S. counter-alleged that Green had engaged in the crime of intentionally delaying the mail.

## Opinion of the Court

Associate Justice Sonia Sotomayor authored the Court's decision.
# Gladkov

Gladkov (masculine, Russian: Гладков) or Gladkova (feminine, Russian: Гладкова) is a Russian surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Aleksandr Gladkov (general) (1902–1969), Soviet general and Hero of the Soviet Union
* Fyodor Gladkov (1883–1958), Soviet–Russian socialist writer
* Gennady Gladkov (1935–2023), Soviet–Russian composer
* Nikolai Alekseievich Gladkov, (1905–1975) Soviet ornithologist
* Yury Gladkov (1949–2007), Soviet politician
* Vyacheslav Gladkov (born 1969), Russian politician