OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# George Faithfull

George Faithfull (1790 – 11 March 1863) was an English solicitor and Radical politician.

## Life

Faithfull was a solicitor and partner in G & H Faithfull & Co., one of the three largest law firms in Brighton. He became involved in the public life of the rapidly expanding town as solicitor to Thomas Read Kemp, developer of the Kemp Town Estate. He was subsequently a member of the Brighton Improvement Commissioners. Kemp had established his own non-conformist sect, and Faithfull was a regular preacher in the chapel in Ship Street, Brighton. When Kemp returned to the Church of England in 1823, Faithfull became minister of the Ship Street Chapel (later called Holy Trinity Church, in 1827 replacing it with a new building in Church Street.
Following the Reform Act 1832, Brighton was enfranchised as a parliamentary borough, returning two members of parliament to the House of Commons. At the 1832 general election Faithfull was elected as one of the town's first MPs alongside Isaac Wigney. His extreme Radical views were not popular with his constituents, however. The diarist Charles Greville, a resident of Brighton, described him as a "bad character". He was defeated at the next general election in 1835.
Faithfull put his defeat down to lack of support from the press, and accordingly began publication of the weekly Brighton Patriot and Lewes Free Press in February 1835 to propagate his views. He was once again defeated in an ill-tempered general election in 1837. The middle class readership abandoned Faithfull's newspaper and he found himself aligned with the local Chartists. When a series of Chartist riots and strikes took place in 1839, Faithfull closed the Patriot.
He continued his legal practice until his death, acting as solicitors to a number of railway companies. He died at his Brighton residence in March 1863.
# Mahmudul Islam Chowdhury

Mahmudul Islam Chowdhury is a Jatiya Party (Ershad) politician and a former member of parliament for Chittagong-15. He was the first mayor of Chittagong City Corporation.

## Career

Mahmudul Islam Chowdhury was elected to parliament from Chittagong-15 as a Bangladesh Nationalist Party candidate in the 1979 Bangladeshi general election He was elected to parliament from Chittagong-15 as a Jatiya Party candidate in 1986 and 1988.
# Violeta (Iz*One song)

"Violeta" (Korean: 비올레타; RR: biolleta) is a song recorded by South Korean–Japanese girl group Iz*One, released on April 1, 2019 by Off the Record Entertainment as the lead single from their second extended play (EP) Heart*Iz.

## Composition

"Violeta" is a pop track with tropical house beats and a future bass intro, inspired by the story "The Happy Prince" lyrically. It is described by Jeff Benjamin of Billboard as having "a color and floral theme as the ladies try to conjure and coax a lover into opening up to them like a flower on the verge of blooming". It offers a more uptempo and choreography-focused than the previous Korean song "La Vie en Rose". Jack Wannan of LWOS Life praised the song as "[an] amazing production".

## Commercial performance

In South Korea the song peaked at number 18. On the K-Pop Hot 100 the song peaked at number five making it the group's highest charting song on the chart. On the US World chart the song peaked at number 8 becoming their second top 10 hit. Despite being a Korean single the song was successful in Japan too peaking at number 13 on the Billboard Japan Hot 100.

## Music video

The music video for "Violeta" was released on April 1, 2019. Directed by Digipedi, the video gives a "vibrant and nature-themed imagery [...] featuring meadow flowers, glowing prisms, splashing water and more aesthetically pleasing designs".
As at March 22, 2021, the music video achieves more than 70 million views. Off the Record released a special video in commemoration of achieving 40 million views.

## Personnel

Credits adapted from the liner notes of Heart*Iz.

## Charts

| Chart (2019) | Peak position |
| Japan (Japan Hot 100) | 13 |
| South Korea (Gaon) | 18 |
| South Korea (K-pop Hot 100) | 5 |
| US World Digital Songs (Billboard) | 8 |

## Accolades
### Music program wins

| Program | Date |
| M Countdown (Mnet) | April 11, 2019 |
| M Countdown (Mnet) | April 18, 2019 |
| The Show (SBS M) | April 9, 2019 |
| The Show (SBS M) | April 16, 2019 |
| Show Champion (MBC M) | April 10, 2019 |
| Show Champion (MBC M) | April 17, 2019 |
| Music Bank (KBS) | April 12, 2019 |
# Božilak

Božilak (Macedonian: Божилак, 'Rainbow') is the sixth studio album by the Macedonian singer Toše Proeski, released in Macedonian. The album comprises fourteen traditional Macedonian songs sung with a new arrangement. It was released in Macedonia by Award and subsequently in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro and Croatia by City Records.

## Information about album

With Božilak, Proeski focused on the Macedonian folk music tradition. The album includes popular traditional songs such as "Zajdi, zajdi, jasno sonce", "Majka na Marika dumaše", "More sokol pie", "Ne si go prodavaj Koljo čiflikot" and "So maki sum se rodil". The song "Jovano, Jovanke" was sung in a duet with the Serbian folk singer Biljana Krstić. The music was arranged by the Macedonian composers Soni Petrovski, Saša Nikolovski and Ilija Pejovski. It was first presented during Proeski's concert at the Toše Proeski Arena (then-known as Skopje City Stadium) in Skopje in 2006. On Bravo Show in Serbia, Proeski also performed "Zajdi, zajdi, jasno sonce" in a rock version.

## Track listing

* Bor sadila moma Evgenija
* Se posvrši serbez Donka
* Ako odam vo Bitola
* Jovano, Jovanke
* Ajde slušaj, slušaj, Kaleš bre Anǵo
* More sokol pie
* Ne si go prodavaj Koljo čiflikot
* Si zaljubiv edno mome
* Uči me majko, karaj me
* So maki sum se rodil
* Dejgidi ludi mladi godini
* Nažalena nevesta
* Zajdi, zajdi, jasno sonce
* Majka na Marika dumaše

## Release history

| Country | Date |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 2006 |
| Croatia | 2006 |
| Macedonia | 2006 |
| Montenegro | 2006 |
| Serbia | 2006 |

## Awards

Golden Lady Bug
* The Best Male Singer Of The Year
# John Forbes (Portuguese general)

John Forbes, also known in Portuguese as João Forbes (1719 or 1733–1808), of Skellater, usually known as Forbes-Skellater, was a Scottish general in the Portuguese service.

## Life

Forbes was the only son of George (Jorge) of Skellater in Aberdeenshire, a branch of the Forbes of Corse.
He entered the army when a boy of fifteen as a volunteer at the siege of Maestricht, and was successful in winning a commission. He was essentially a soldier of fortune, and when Portugal applied to Britain for officers to reorganise her army under the Count of Lippe Buckeburg, he was one of the first to volunteer.
Promoted to lieutenant in 1747, and to captain in 1756. Forbes remained in Portugal after the termination of the Seven Years' War (1756–1763); as a Roman Catholic who had married a Portuguese lady, he had no difficulty in getting employment.
He took part in the defense of Portugal during the failed Franco-Spanish invasions of Portugal in 1762.
In 1763, Count Lippe gave him command of a company of Grenadiers in the Peniche Regiment, a great honour as these companies were then an elite corps. In 1766 he was promoted to lieutenant colonel of that regiment and the following year to full colonel of the Almeida Cavalry Regiment. In 1773 he was transferred to the Elvas Regiment. In 1775 he was promoted to brigadier, whilst retaining the colonelcy and command of the Bragança Cavalry Regiment.
In 1778 he was appointed military governor of the province of Beira.
He served for many years as adjutant-general of the Portuguese army, but at last, in 1789, he was asked to resign, the object of some jealousy of the Portuguese officers. In 1793 he was made a knight of the order of Aviz, and promoted to lieutenant general.
When Portugal decided to join the French Revolutionary Wars, Forbes was given command, replacing the Marquis de Minas, his old commander in the 1762 campaigns, who had fallen ill of the 5,000-strong division which, together with a 22-gun brigade of Artillery, was sent as an expeditionary force to assist the Spanish army in the War of the Pyrenees (1793–1795). Setting sail from the estuary of the Tagus towards the end of September 1793, the expedition, accompanied by several high-ranking volunteers, including Admiral Domingos Xavier de Lima, 7th Marquis of Nice; Hugh Percy, 2nd Duke of Northumberland and the Prince de Montmorency, arrived at Roses on 9 November.
On 27–29 November 1807, Forbes accompanied Queen Mary I, the prince regent, and the court when they fled from the forces led by Jean-Andoche Junot which entered Lisbon. On arrival in Brazil, he was appointed military governor of Rio de Janeiro on 2 April 1808, a few days before he died, on 8 April 1808.
# Madison Avenue Pizza

Madison Avenue Pizza is a family-owned pizzeria based in Dunedin, Florida. It was founded in 2016 by Sean and Jackie Ferraro.

## Background

Sean Ferraro was born in Largo to a restaurant owners' Italian family, and graduated from the Florida State University College of Hospitality. At the age of 14, Ferraro started working in a pizzeria. In 2016, Ferraro and his wife Jackie sold their house in South Florida and their cars to get the funding for Madison Avenue Pizza, and relocated to Dunedin to start the restaurant.
On Saturdays, Ferraro sells pizza by boat across Tampa Bay for swimmers and people on other boats whom call him Pizza Skiff Guy.

## That's What She Said Pizza challenge

The pizzeria is known for offering a competitive eating challenge named That's What She Said Pizza where a participant team of 2 people have 1 hour to finish a 1-topping 32-inch in diameter (10-11 lbs) pizza, which is considered the largest pizza in Tampa, Florida. Notable participants included, Miki Sudo, Nick Wehry, Randy Santel, Katina DeJarnett, Dan Kennedy, Nathan Figueroa, Michael Jenkins and Ricardo Corbucci.

## Fare

Madison Avenue Pizza serves New York-style pizza, which is baked in brick pizza ovens. All Madison Avenue Pizza's products are made from fresh ingredients and cooked the old-fashioned way.

## Accolades

Madison Avenue Pizza received several accolades including, "Best of the Bay" "Best Pizza" by Creative Loafing in 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024. In 2022, Madison Avenue Pizza won the "50 Best Restaurants of 2021" by Creative Loafing.
# Uddaka Rāmaputta

Uddaka Rāmaputta (Pāli; Sanskrit: Udraka Rāmaputra) was a sage and teacher of meditation identified by the Buddhist tradition as one of the teachers of Gautama Buddha. 'Rāmaputta' means 'son of Rāma', who may have been his father or spiritual teacher. Uddaka Rāmaputta taught refined states of meditation known as the dhyanic formless attainments (arūpa samāpatti).

## Relationship with Gautama Buddha

After his departure from his father's court, Gautama Buddha first went to Āḷāra Kālāma and after following his method was recognized as having equalled his master. Realizing that the methods he had learned so far would not lead to enlightenment, Gautama chose to leave in search of another teacher rather than accept a position as co-leader of Āḷāra Kālāma's community. He found Uddaka Rāmaputta and accepted him as his teacher.
While Āḷāra Kālāma accepted the Buddha as an equal and asked him to lead his community alongside him, Uddaka Rāmaputta acknowledged the Buddha as his superior and equal to his predecessor, Uddaka Rāma, who had actually attained the "sphere of neither perception nor non-perception" (nevasaññānāsaññāyatana), which Rāmaputta had not reached. Uddaka Rāmaputta asked the Buddha to take sole leadership of his students and community, but the Buddha, realizing that this method would not lead to complete enlightenment, was not satisfied. He chose not to stay with Uddaka and resumed his wandering to deepen his search.
Following his awakening, the Buddha first thought of Uddaka Rāmaputta as someone who would be able to understand and realize his dharma, but later learned that Uddaka Rāmaputta had already died by that time.

## Sources and historicity

Several suttas in the Majjhima Nikaya contain stories about the Bodhisattva's visits to the two teachers, with the Ariyapariyesana Sutta (MN 26) identified as the likely source of subsequent Pali versions. Parallel stories from several different early Buddhist schools are preserved in Sanskrit and Chinese, including within the Mahāvastu. Other references to Uddaka Rāmaputta are scattered through the four Nikayas, with additional mentions in the Vinaya and the commentaries to the Dhammapada.
While Andre Bareau argued that both Uddaka Rāmaputta and Āḷāra Kālāma were fictional creations, later scholars have accepted the possibility that they may have been real historical figures. The surviving sources all agree in placing Uddaka Rāmaputta in Rajagriha during the Buddha's lifetime, despite being drawn from different schools' translations. Hsuan Tsang also recorded legends in his era that associated Uddaka Rāmaputta with the vicinity of Rajagriha. Most traditions have also preserved the distinction between Uddaka Rāmaputta and his father or teacher Uddaka Rāma, but in a few recensions the two figures have been combined.
# Rodos Palace

Rodos Palace is a five-star hotel and international convention center located on the island of Rhodes, Greece. It was opened in 1974.

## History

Rodos Palace was founded by hotelier Vassileios A. Cambourakis in 1974. The original complex included a 20-story tower and a dome which was constructed using NASA aeronautical materials. In 1977, the first gourmet restaurant of Greece was opened at the hotel.
In 1988, Rodos Palace hosted the European Council's summit, where eight heads of state and their delegations stayed at the hotel and signed the Rhodes Declaration. Prior to the summit, the hotel built six presidential suites to host the head of states.
In 1992, Rodos Palace expanded its International Conference Center to accommodate 4,800 attendees with 9,900 square meters of space. A year later, an Executive Wing was added to the hotel.
In 1998, Rodos Palace built additional suites for the Western European Union's summit. Two years later, in 2000, the Royal Suite was renovated for guests including Queen Rania of Jordan, Patriarch Bartholomew, and the Viceroy of Saudi Arabia.
In 2019, Rodos Palace built Abav2 rooms based on modern and sustainable architecture.
In 2024, Katerina Sakellaropoulou, president of Greece, hosted the local government congress at the hotel.

## Guests

Over the years, Margaret Thatcher, François Mitterrand, Felipe González, Helmut Kohl, Queen Rania, Ruud Lubbers, and Wilfried Martens have stayed at the hotel.

## Architecture

Rodos Palace’s design combines elements of ancient Greek and modern architecture. The hotel complex covers an area of 120,000 square meters and features garden suites, VIP bungalows, private villas, and abav2 rooms.
# Qajar (tribe)

The Qajars (Persian: ایل قاجار, romanized: Ile Ǧâjâr; Azerbaijani: قاجارلار, romanized: Qacarlar) are a clan of the Bayat tribe of the Oghuz Turks who lived variously, with other tribes, in the area that is now Armenia, Azerbaijan and northwestern Iran.
By the end of the Safavid era, they had split into several factions. These included the Ziyādoghlu (Ziādlu), associated with the area of Ganja and Yerevan, as well as the Qoyunlu (Qāvānlu), and Davālu (Devehlu) the latter two associated with the northern areas of contemporary Iran.

## Background

The Qajars were one of the original Turkoman Qizilbash tribes that emerged and spread in Asia Minor around tenth and eleventh centuries. They later supplied power to the Safavids since this dynasty's earliest days. Numerous members of the Qajar tribe held prominent ranks in the Safavid state. In 1794, a Qajar chieftain, Agha Mohammed, a member of the Qoyunlu branch of the Qajars, founded the Qajar dynasty which replaced the Zand dynasty in Iran. He launched his campaign from his power base south of the Caspian Sea, capturing its capital Isfahan in 1785. A year later, Tehran accepted Mohammed's authority.
According to Olson et al., which was published in 1994 and specifically deals with the ethnography of the Russian Empire and Soviet Union, the Qajars were historically a Turkic tribe that lived in Armenia. They resettled in the region of Azerbaijan during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. They are sometimes considered to be a subgroup of the Iranian Azerbaijanis. American anthropologist Richard Weeks also notes that the Azerbaijanis of Iran, depending on their place of residence, use the designation Qajar.
Olston et al. adds that in the 1980s the Qajar population exceeded 35,000 people, most of whom lived in Iran.
# Never Just a Dream

Never Just a Dream is Emma-Lee's debut full-length album. Initially, it was self-released in the late summer of 2008 and it instantly caught the attention of key industry professionals, including artist development executive David "Click" Cox. Emma-Lee and David Cox signed a co-management deal and re-released Never Just A Dream through Bumstead Productions, with distribution by Universal Music in 2009. The album Co-produced by Mitch Girio and Emma-Lee.
The first review of this album was a four out of four rating from The Toronto Star. Shortly after it was awarded 3.5/4 stars by The Globe and Mail and was the 'disc of the week'. As described by NOW magazine, "Never Just A Dream combines laid-back jazz flavours and concise pop structures. Country references drop in here and there, as do some flavours borrowed from 60s girl groups." As AW Music observes, "there is a focus on the instrumentation associated with these influences, so reminiscent of the classical lounge sounds back in the days."

## Theme

""Never Just a Dream"" explores all things romantic – jealousy, rebounding, May–December pairings.

## Album artwork

When Emma-Lee designed the artwork for Never Just a Dream, she was inspired by a photo of a red velvet frame. In addition to being eye-catching she liked the idea that it visually captured the acoustic quality of her warm "velvety" voice. The quality of "red velvet cupcake" became an original way to describe that "the album carries a certain sweetness to it".

## Track list

* Bruise Easy
* That Sinking Feeling 4:05
* Never Just A Dream 4:51
* Jealousy 2:14
* Flow 6:08
* Isn’t It Obvious 5:09
* Mr. Buttonlip 4:49
* An Older Man 5:15
* Where You Want To Be 4:12
* Until We Meet Again 3:16
# Mikak

Mikak (c. 1740 – October 1, 1795), also known as Micock, Mycock, or Mecock, was born in Labrador, Canada and died at Nain, Newfoundland and Labrador. She was one of several Inuit to travel to Europe in the 18th century and return to North America, although many Inuit who had travelled to Europe subsequently died from diseases, especially smallpox, before returning.
# Gustaf Magnus Armfelt

Gustaf Magnus Armfelt (Russian: Густав Густавович Армфельт, romanized: Gustav Gustavovich Armfelt; April 2, 1792 – July 8, 1856) was a Swedish-Finnish-Russian lieutenant general, governor, count, chamberlain, and statesman.

## Biography

Armfelt's parents were General, Count Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt (1757–1814) and Countess Hedvig Ulrika De la Gardie (1761–1832). He attended a military school in Berlin and in 1809 he became a cornet of the Life Guards of Horse of the Swedish army. However, Armfelt resigned from the Swedish army, moved to Finland, and in 1811 entered the service of the Russian imperial army as a second lieutenant. From 1812 he served in the 3rd Finnish Jaeger Regiment and participated in the war against Napoleon from 1812 to 1815. Armfelt became a lieutenant in 1812 and captain in 1814. He resigned from service in 1816 as a lieutenant colonel, but returned to the army as early as 1817. Armfelt served from 1817 to 1819. On the staff of the Vyborg battalion of the Finnish Jaeger Regiment and then in 1819–1820 as the first adjutant of the Finnish Corps Division of the Headquarters of the Finnish Division and as an adjutant of the Emperor. He was then 1st Commander of the Finnish Infantry Regiment 1820–1827 and 1st Commander of the Finnish sharpshooter brigade from 1827 to 1830 until the disbandment of the Finnish Army. Armfelt was promoted to colonel in 1819 and major general in 1828. He resigned from the army service as a true state councilor in 1830.
Armfelt was governor of Vaasa Province from 1830 to 1832 and governor of Uusimaa Province (from 1838 as governor) from 1832 to 1847. He received the rank of chamberlain of the imperial court in 1831 and was promoted to lieutenant general in 1834. Armfelt was last a member of the Senate's finance department from 1847 to 1853 and inspector of the Finnish sharpshooter battalions in 1854–1855. Until 1852, he owned Elimo Manor in Pohjan parish and then Käpylä Manor in Helsinki.
Armfelt was married from 1819 to Englishwoman Louise Cuthbert-Brooke (1801–1865) whose father was Colonel Thomas Brooke of the British Army. Their son was Major General Gustaf Wilhelm Artur Armfelt (1821–1880).

## Gallery

* Coat of Arms of the Counts of Armfelt
* Colonel Gustaf Magnus Armfelt c. 1819
* Gustaf Mauritz Armfelt, c. 1825
* Louise Cuthbert Armfelt, his wife, c. 1825
* General Lieutenant Gustaf Magnus Armfelt c. 1847

## Honours

* Recipient of the Pour le Mérite, 1814.
* Knight of the Order of Malta, latest 1819.
* Knight of the Order of St. Stanislaus, 1st Class, 1833.
* Knight of the Order of St. Anna, 1st Class, 1836.
* Knight of the Order of St. Vladimir, 2nd Class, 1843.
* Knight of the Order of St. George, 4th Class, 1843.
* Grand Cross of the Order of the Sword, 1847.
* Knight of the Order of the White Eagle, 1850.
# Eleanor Burnham

Eleanor Burnham is a Welsh Liberal Democrat politician who was a Member of the Welsh Assembly (AM) for North Wales from 2001 until 2011.

## Background

Burnham was born in Wrexham and brought up in Gwnodl Fawr, Cynwyd. Her early career was in social services management. She was previously a Wrexham Magistrate and a member of Denbigh Hospital Mental Health Tribunal. She has worked as a fundraiser for St. Kentigern Hospice, St. Asaph. A fluent Welsh speaker, Burnham is a qualified aromatherapist and her hobbies include gardening, cycling and swimming.
Burnham is an amateur singer who won a prize in the Soprano category at the Llangollen International Eisteddfod and is a former member of Mid Wales Opera. After leaving the Senedd, she competed in the "Voice of Wales" competition.

## Politics

Burnham succeeded as Liberal Democrat AM for North Wales on 22 March 2001 after Christine Humphreys had resigned because of ill-health. Burnham was the Welsh Liberal Democrat Assembly spokesperson on Culture, Welsh Language and Sport. Her political interests lie in full devolution for Wales, social inclusion and lifelong-learning. In this role she repeatedly challenged the Culture Minister, Alun Pugh, "to prove whether or not he can be the champion for the Welsh language".
After losing her seat in 2011, Burnham received a "resettlement grant" of £32,000, but commented that she did not think it was "morally correct" for AMs to receive the grants if they had other jobs to go to. She retrained as a teacher.
# Shigatse Mosque

Shigatse Mosque (simplified Chinese: 日喀则清真寺; traditional Chinese: 日喀則清真寺; pinyin: Rìkāzé Qīngzhēnsì), located in Samzhubzê, Xigazê, Shigatse City, Tibet Autonomous Region, is an Islamic mosque.

## History

Shigatse Mosque was built in 1343. From the 14th century, a group of Muslim immigrants from present-day Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Kashmir and other countries and regions, as well as China's Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai and other places, one after another in Shigatse settlement. In 1343, Muslims raised funds to create the mosque. In the Qianlong period, the Qing government decided to station troops in Jiangzi, Shigatse, part of the army from Sichuan, Shaanxi area of Muslims stationed in Shigatse, formed a small Muslim settlement and repaired the mosque. The temple became the only mosque in Shigatse.
Shigatse Mosque is a Tibetan-style flat-roofed buildings, sitting west to east, with a floor area of 320 square meters. The mosque's plan is rectangular-shaped, the door on both sides of more than 10 meters high Xuanli tower, tower equipped with iron crescent-shaped tip. The temple is listed as a Cultural Relics Protection Unit in Shigatse.