# List of colonies

This is a list of territories and polities that have been considered colonies.

## Colonies of European countries
### British

* Aden Protectorate
* Akrotiri and Dhekelia
* Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
* Ashanti
* Australia
** Colony of New South Wales
** Colony of Queensland
** Colony of Tasmania
** Colony of Victoria
** Province of South Australia
** Swan River Colony
** Van Diemen's Land
* Basutoland
* British America
** British West Florida
** Colony of Jamaica
** Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations
** Colony of Virginia
** Connecticut Colony
** Delaware Colony
** East Florida
** Indian Reserve
** Mosquito Coast
** New Ireland (Maine)
** Newfoundland Colony
** North-Western Territory
** Province of Carolina
** Province of Georgia
** Province of Maryland
** Province of Massachusetts Bay
** Province of New Hampshire
** Province of New Jersey
** Province of New York
** Province of North Carolina
** Province of Pennsylvania
** Province of Quebec
** Province of South Carolina
** Rupert's LandThe First Anglo-Sikh War, 1845–46
* British Bechuanaland
* British Bencoolen
* British Borneo
** Brunei
** Crown Colony of Labuan
** Crown Colony of North Borneo
** Crown Colony of Sarawak
** North Borneo
** Raj of Sarawak
* British Cameroons
* British Ceylon
* British Cyprus
* British Guiana
* British Honduras
* British Hong Kong
* British Indian Ocean Territory
* British Leeward Islands
** Anguilla
** British Virgin Islands
** Montserrat
** Saint Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla
* British Malaya
** Federated Malay States
** Straits Settlements
** Unfederated Malay States
* British Mauritius
* British North America
** Colony of British Columbia (1858–1866)
** Colony of British Columbia (1866–1871)
** Colony of the Queen Charlotte Islands
** Colony of Vancouver Island
** Lower Canada
** Newfoundland Colony
** Province of Canada
** Stickeen Territories
** Upper Canada
* British occupation of Manila
* British Raj
** Ajmer-Merwara
** Assam Province
** Baluchistan Agency
** Bengal Presidency
** Bombay Presidency
** British rule in Burma
** Central Provinces and Berar
** Coorg Province
** Madras Presidency
** North-West Frontier Province
** Punjab Province (British India)
** United Provinces (1937–1950)
* British rule in Ireland
* The Delhi Durbar of 1877: the proclamation of Queen Victoria as Empress of IndiaBritish Somaliland
* British Weihaiwei
* British Western Pacific Territories
** British Solomon Islands
** Colony of Fiji
** Gilbert and Ellice Islands
** Kingdom of Tonga
** New Hebrides (condominium with France)
** Pitcairn Islands
* British Windward Islands
* Cape Colony
* Colonial Nigeria
** Federation of Nigeria
** Lagos Colony
** Northern Nigeria Protectorate
** Southern Nigeria Protectorate
* Colony of Natal
* Colony of New Zealand
* Colony of Singapore
* A view of shops with anti-British and pro-Independence signs, Malta, c. 1960Crown Colony of Malta
* East Africa Protectorate
* Emirate of Afghanistan (de jure)
* Emirate of Transjordan
* Falkland Islands
* Falkland Islands Dependencies
* French and British interregnum in the Dutch East Indies
* Gambia Colony and Protectorate
* Gibraltar
* Gold Coast
* Griqualand East
* Griqualand West
* History of Egypt under the British
* Kenya Colony
* Mandatory Iraq
* Mandatory Palestine
* Muscat and Oman
* Northern Rhodesia
* Nyasaland
* Orange River Colony
* Oregon Country
* Protectorate of Uganda
* Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
** Ascension Island
** Saint Helena
** Tristan da Cunha
* Shanghai International Settlement
* Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate
* South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
* Southern Rhodesia
* Transvaal Colony
* Trucial States
* The result of the Boer Wars was the annexation of the Boer Republics to the British Empire in 1902Union of South Africa
* United States of the Ionian Islands

### French

* Acadia
* Canada (New France)
* Clipperton Island
* Collectivity of Saint Martin
* De Rays Expedition
* Equinoctial France
* France Antarctique
* Siege of Constantine (1836) during the French conquest of Algeria.French Algeria
* French and British interregnum in the Dutch East Indies
* French concession of Hankou
* French Equatorial Africa
** French Chad
** French Congo
** Ubangi-Shari
* French Guiana
* French India
* French Indochina
** Annam
** French Cochinchina
** French protectorate of Cambodia
** French protectorate of Laos
** French officers and Tonkinese riflemen, 1884Tonkin
* French Madagascar
* French protectorate in Morocco
* French protectorate of Tunisia
* French Polynesia
* French Somaliland
* French Southern and Antarctic Lands Contemporary illustration of Major Marchand's trek across Africa in 1898
* French West Africa
** Colonial Mauritania
** Colony of Niger
** French Dahomey
** French Guinea
** French Sudan
** French Upper Volta
* Guadeloupe
* Inini
* Kingdom of Araucanía and Patagonia
* Leased Territory of Guangzhouwan
* Louisiana (New France)
* Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon
** Alawite State
** Greater Lebanon
** Jabal Druze State
** State of Syria (1925–1930)
* Martinique
* New Caledonia
* New Hebrides (condominium with Britain)
* Réunion
* Saint Barthélemy
* Saint-Domingue
* Saint Pierre and Miquelon
* Shanghai French Concession
* Wallis and Futuna

### Russian

* Fort Ross
* Russian America
* Russian concession of Tianjin
* Russian Dalian
* Sagallo

### German

* Adelsverein
* Brandenburger Gold Coast
* German concession of Tianjin
* German East Africa
* German New Guinea
* German Samoa
* German South West Africa
* Kamerun
* Kapitaï and Koba
* Kiautschou Bay Leased Territory
* Klein-Venedig
* Mahinland
* New Swabia
* North Solomon Islands
* Togoland
* Wituland

### Italian

* Italian Islands of the Aegean
* Italian protectorate of Albania
* Italian concession of Tianjin
* Italian East Africa
** Italian Eritrea
** Italian Ethiopia
** Italian Somaliland
** Oltre Giuba (briefly; annexed)
* Italian Libya
** Italian Tripolitania
** Italian Cyrenaica

### Dutch

* Aruba
* Bonaire
* Curaçao
* Dutch Brazil
* Dutch Cape Colony
* Dutch Ceylon
* Dutch East Indies
* Dutch Formosa
* Dutch Malacca
* Dutch New Guinea
* Saba
* Senegambia (Dutch West India Company)
* Sint Eustatius
* Sint Maarten
* Surinam (Dutch colony)

### Portuguese

* Azores
* Colonial Brazil
* Madeira
* Portuguese Angola
* Portuguese Cape Verde
* Portuguese Ceylon
* Portuguese Guinea
* Portuguese IndiaPortuguese women in Goa, India, early 18th century
* Portuguese MacauBattle of Macau, 21–24 June 1622. Portuguese repel Dutch attack.
* Portuguese Malacca
* Portuguese Mozambique
* Portuguese Nagasaki
* Portuguese Oman
* Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe
* Portuguese Timor

### Spanish

* Canary Islands
* Captaincy General of CubaSpanish General Arsenio Martínez Campos in Havana, Colonial Cuba, 1878
** Louisiana (New Spain)
** Spanish Florida
* Captaincy General of the Philippines
* Ifni
* New Spain
** Captaincy General of Guatemala
** Captaincy General of Yucatán
** Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
** Captaincy General of Puerto Rico
** Spanish Formosa
* Río de Oro
* Saguia el-Hamra
* Spanish Oran
* Spanish protectorate in MoroccoThe Battle of Tétouan, 1860, by Marià Fortuny
* Spanish Sahara
* Spanish Tripoli
* Viceroyalty of Peru
** Captaincy General of Chile
* Viceroyalty of New Granada
** Captaincy General of Venezuela
* Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata
** Spanish Guinea

### Austrian

* Austro-Hungarian concession of Tianjin
* Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina

### Danish

* Danish Gold Coast
* Danish India
* Danish West IndiesFrederiksstad on Saint Croix, Danish West Indies, 1848
* Faroe Islands
* Greenland

### Belgian

* Belgian concession of Tianjin
* Belgian Congo
* Ruanda-Urundi

### Swedish

* New Sweden
* Saint Barthélemy
* Swedish Gold Coast

### Norse

* Eastern Settlement
* Helluland
* Markland
* Vinland
* Western Settlement

### Norwegian

* Bouvet Island
* Jan Mayen
* Peter I Island
* Queen Maud Land
* Svalbard

## Colonies by Oceanian countries
### Australian

* Australian Antarctic Territory
* Christmas Island
* Cocos (Keeling) Islands
* Coral Sea Islands
* Heard Island and McDonald Islands
* Norfolk Island
* Territory of New Guinea
* Territory of Papua
* Territory of Papua and New Guinea

### New Zealander

* Cook Islands
* Niue
* Ross Dependency
* Tokelau

## Colonies by Asian countries
### Japanese

* Karafuto Prefecture
* Korea under Japanese ruleThree Koreans shot for pulling up rails as a protest against seizure of land without payment by the Japanese
* Kwantung Leased Territory
* Manchukuo
* South Seas Mandate
* Taiwan under Japanese rule

### Chinese

* East Turkistan (Xinjiang) from 1884 – 1933, 1949–present
* Guangxi (Tusi)
* Hainan
** Nansha Islands
** Xisha Islands
* Manchuria
* Korea, partially, from 108 BC to 314 AD
* Inner Mongolia
* Outer Mongolia (Mongolia & Tuva) during the late Qing dynasty
* Central Asia during the Tang dynasty
* Taiwan
* Tibet (Kashag)
* Tuva during the Qing dynasty
* Yunnan (Tusi)
* Vietnam during the Han, Sui, and Tang dynasties
* Chinese concession of Incheon

### Vietnamese

* Trấn Ninh (1828–1848)
* Tây Thành (1834–1847)
* Thuận Thành
* Principality of Thuận Thành
* Bình Định
* Six Provinces of Southern Vietnam
* Tây Thành

## Colonies by American (continent) countries
### American

* American Concession in Tianjin (1869–1902)
* American Concession in Shanghai (1848–1863)
* American Concession in Beihai (1876–1943)
* American Concession in Harbin (1898–1943)
* American Samoa
* Beijing Legation Quarter (1861–1945)
* Corn Islands (1914–1971)
* Canton and Enderbury Islands
* Caroline Islands
* Cuba (Platt Amendment turned Cuba into a protectorate – until Cuban Revolution)
* Falkland Islands (1832)
* Guantánamo Bay
* Guam
* Gulangyu Island (1903–1945)
* Haiti (1915–1934)
* Hawaii
* Indian Territory (1834–1907)
* Isle of Pines (1899–1925)
* Liberia (Independent since 1847, US protectorate until post-WW2)
* Mexico City (1847)
* Midway
* Nicaragua (1912–1933)
* Northern Mariana Islands
* Palau
* Palmyra Atoll
* Panama (Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty turned Panama into a protectorate, protectorate until post-WW2)
* Panama Canal Zone (1903–1979)
* Philippines (1898–1946)
* Puerto Rico
* Veracruz
* Quita Sueño Bank (1869–1981)
* Roncador Bank (1856–1981)
* Ryukyu Islands
* Russian Far East
* Shanghai International Settlement (1863–1945)
* Sultanate of Sulu (1903–1915)
* Swan Islands (1914–1972)
* Tangier International Zone (Now present-day Tangier, Morocco) (1924–1956)
* Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands
* United States Virgin Islands
* Wake Island
* Wilkes Land

### Mexican

* Californias
* Central America
* Chiapas
* Clipperton Island
* Revillagigedo Islands
* Texas
* Manila

### Guatemalan

* Belize
* Chiapas

### Ecuadorian

* Galápagos Islands
* Tumbes
* Jaén
* Maynas

### Colombian

* Panama
* Ecuador
* Venezuela
* Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina
* Mosquito Coast

### Argentine

* Argentine Antarctica
* Asuncion (1873)
* California (1818)
* Chile (1817–1818 during the Chilean war of independence)
* Equatorial Guinea (1810–1815)
* Falkland Islands and Dependencies (1829–1831, 1832–1833, 1982)
* Formosa
* Gobierno del Cerrito (1843–1851)
* Gonaïves, Haití.
* Misiones
* Paraguay (1873)
* Patagonia
* Peru (1820–1822 during the Independence of Peru)
* Puna de Atacama (1839– )
* Tierra del Fuego
* Uruguay (Cisplatine War)

### Paraguayan

* Mato Grosso do Sul
* Formosa
* Eastern Salta
* Misiones
* Southwestern Paraná

### Peruvian

* Arica
* Tarapacá
* Acre

### Bolivian

* Puna de Atacama (1825–1839 ceded to Argentina) (1825–1879 ceded to Chile)
* Atacama
* Salta
* Jujuy
* Western Catamarca
* Acre

### Chilean

* Patagonia
* Tierra del Fuego
* Easter Island

### Brazilian

* Uruguay
* Acre
* Cape Verde (Occupied for two years after independence)
* Angola (During the Angolan war of independence)
* Mozambique (During the Mozambican war of independence)
* Asuncion
* Brazilian Antarctica

## Colonies by African countries
### Ethiopian

* Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea
* Yemen

### South African

* Namibia
* Prince Edward Islands

### Moroccan

* Western Sahara
* Timbuktu

## Colonies by former countries
### Ancient Egyptian

* Canaan (present-day Israel)
* Cyprus
* Sudan
* Punt

### Ancient Roman

* Aegyptus
* Achaia
* Hispania
* Lusitania
* Illyricum
* Aquitania
* Gallia
* Galatia
* Raetia
* Moesia
* Judea
* Britannia

### Chola (Tamil)

* Pandyas
* Sri Lanka
* Kalinga
* Eastern Gangas
* Palas
* Pegu
* Srivijaya

### Curonian

* St. Andrews Island
* Curonian colonization of the Americas

### Ottoman (Turkish)

* Sultanate of Aceh (1569–1903)
* Yettishar (1873–1877)
* Maldives
* Rumelia
* Ottoman North Africa
** Ottoman Egypt
** Ottoman Tripolitania
** Ottoman Tunisia
** Ottoman Algeria
** Morocco (1526–1544)
* Ottoman Northeast Africa
** Ottoman Jeddah and Habesh
** Ottoman Zeila
* Ottoman Arabia
** Sharifate of Mecca (1517–1783/1818–1916)
** Ottoman Hejaz
** Ottoman Lahsa
** Ottoman Najd
** Ottoman Yemen
* Ottoman Serbia
* Ottoman Bulgaria
* Ottoman Bosnia
* Ottoman Albania
* Ottoman Hungary
* Ottoman Greece
* Ottoman North Macedonia
* Ottoman Montenegro
* Crimean Khanate (1475–1774)

### Sicilian

* Africa