OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# Franz Schuh (writer)

Franz Schuh (born 15 March 1947) is an Austrian novelist, literary critic and, above all, essayist in the tradition of Karl Kraus and Alfred Polgar. Schuh was born, and lives, in Vienna, where, just like his predecessors, he prefers to write in one of the traditional coffeehouses.

## Life

Franz Schuh studied philosophy, history and German studies in Vienna and graduated with his doctorate. 1976-80 he was Secretary General of the Grazer Autorenversammlung, then editor of "Wespennest" (wasp nest) and head of the essayist and literary program of the publisher Deuticke. He works as a freelancer for various broadcasters and national newspapers and as a lecturer at the University of Applied Arts Vienna. He was also a guest at the "Literaturhaus Wien" (House of Literature in Vienna). Since June 2009 he writes the column "Crime & Punishment" in the magazine Datum and talks a lot on the public radio program Ö1 among other things, in his "Magazine of happiness".

## Select bibliography

* Liebe, Macht und Heiterkeit (1985)
* Landnahme. Der österreichische Roman nach 1980 (1989)
* Schreibkräfte. Über Literatur, Glück und Unglück (2000)
* Der Stadtrat. Eine Idylle (2000)
* Schwere Vorwürfe, schmutzige Wäsche (Heavy Reproaches, Dirty Linen) (Leipzig Book Fair Prize, 2006).
Schuh also edited the Peter-Henisch-Reader Figurenwerfen (2003).

## Awards

* 1986: Austrian State Prize for Cultural Journalism
* 1987: City of Vienna Award for Journalism (Preis der Stadt Wien für Publizistik)
* 2000: Jean Améry Prize
* 2006: Leipzig Book Fair Prize, category "Sachbuch/Essayistik", for Schwere Vorwürfe, schmutzige Wäsche
* 2006: Davos Swiss Media Award for outstanding achievement in journalism
* 2009: Essay Prize Tractatus, Philosophicum Lech
* 2022: Honorary doctor, University of Klagenfurt
# Ulrich of Bamberg

Ulrich of Bamberg was a Roman Catholic priest and chronicler who lived in Bamberg, Germany around 1100.

## Biography

Born Udalricus Babenbergensis, he was a cleric of the cathedral church of Bamberg, of whom nothing more is known than that he lived about 1100 at Bamberg. He is probably identical with the priest of Bamberg of the same name (d. 7 July 1127), who is often mentioned in official documents and who bestowed large benefits on the monastery of Michelsberg.

## Literary importance

Ulrich's work is called Codex epistolaris, continens variorum pontificum et imperatorum Romanorum, ut et S.R.E. cardinalium et S.R.I. principum e cclesiasticorum seculariumque epistolas. This collection of documents was completed in 1125 and dedicated to Bishop Gebhard of Würzburg. It contains letters from the year 900 on and was undoubtedly intended for the training of chancellors and statesmen, giving examples as models for the form of letters and public documents. Numerous important letters and charters of that period, which are preserved in it, offer rich material for the history of the relations between the emperors and popes; in particular the letters exchanged by Emperor Lothair, Henry the Proud, and Pope Innocent II give an animated and instructive picture of conditions at that time. These letters also show how the statesmen at the episcopal courts and probably also the bishops were trained. After the collection had been closed by Ulrich several supplements were added that extend to 1134; these additional documents are generally addressed to Bishop Otto of Bamberg.
# Adiabatic conductivity

Adiabatic conductivity is a measure of a material's electrical conductivity, σ, under thermodynamically adiabatic conditions.
# Lars Horntveth

Lars Horntveth (born 10 March 1980 in Tønsberg, Norway) is a Norwegian musician (saxophones, clarinet, percussion and guitar), band leader, and composer. He is the younger brother of tubaist Line Horntveth, but best known as a key member of the bands Jaga Jazzist and The National Bank, together with his brother Martin Horntveth.

## Career

In summer 2003 the brothers wrote a commissioned work to the "Vestfold Festival" in Tønsberg. The work was performed by the musicians who later became the band The National Bank. With his brother and the Lyricist Martin Hagfors, he received the Edvard Prize in 2005 in the Class for pop music for the tune "Tolerate" from the band's debut album The National Bank. In 2004 he released a solo album Pooka on Smalltown Supersound. For this he received Spellemannprisen 2004 in the class electronica and contemporary music and Alarmprisen 2005 in the class jazz. In 2008 he released his second solo album by the name Kaleidoscopic. The album consists of a 38 minutes long work, and is recorded with the Latvia National Symphony Orchestra. The album was released during the Øyafestivalen, with KORK as orchestra.
He is also a widely used wind and string arranger for various artists like Turboneger, Ingrid Olava and Marit Larsen, and as a backer for artists like Susanne Sundfør. In 2009 he played on the renowned Sonar Festival in Barcelona. and in addition he has contributed to about 50 releases.

## Honors

* Spellemannprisen 2004 in the class electronica and contemporary music, for the solo album Pooka
* "Alarmprisen" 2005 in the class jazz
* Edvard Prize 2005 in the class Pop music with The National Bank for "Tolerate" from the band's debut album The National Bank

## Discography
### Solo works

* 2004: Pooka (Smalltown Supersound)
* 2008: Kaleidoscopic (Smalltown Supersound)

### Cooperative works
#### Within Jaga Jazzist

* 1996: Jævla Jazzist Grete Stitz (Thug Records)
* 1998: Magazine EP (dBut Records)
* 2001: A Livingroom Hush (Warner Music Norway)
* 2001: Airborne/Going Down EP (Warner Music Norway)
* 2001: Going Down 12" (Smalltown Supersound)
* 2002: The Stix (Smalltown Supersound / Warner Music Norway)
* 2002: Days 12", (Smalltown Supersound)
* 2003: Animal Chin EP 12" (Golden Standard Labs)
* 2005: What We Must (Ninja Tune / Smalltown Supersound / Sonet)
* 2010: One-Armed Bandit (Sonet)
* 2015: Starfire (Ninja Tune)

#### Within The National Bank

* 2004: The National Bank (Universal Music, Norway)
* 2008: Come on Over to the Other Side (Universal)

#### With other projects

* 2001: Great Curves (Jester Records), within "Rotoscope»
* 2002: In The Fishtank (Konkurrent), with Motorpsycho & "Jaga Jazzist Horns»
# Alauddin Shah of Perak

Paduka Sri Sultan Alauddin Shah ibni Almarhum Raja Kecil Lasa Raja Inu (died 1603) was the fifth Sultan of Perak. He was the son of Raja Kecil Lasa Raja Inu and grandson of Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Shah.

## Reign

In 1594, after Sultan Tajul Ariffin died, Raja Ali who was the grandson of Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Shah was appointed as the 5th Sultan of Perak. He ascended the throne with the title of Sultan Alauddin Shah and settled by the river in an area now known as Bota Kanan. Sultan Alauddin Shah ruled Perak for about nine years from 1594 to 1603. Sultan Alauddin Shah's government center was located in Bota and during his reign, Aceh still housed several orang-orang besar of Aceh to oversee and administer the Perak Sultanate.

## Death

Sultan Alauddin Shah died in 1603 and was titled Marhum Mangkat di Darat. Originally, he was buried on the banks of the Perak River at the end of Bota Island. When the tomb almost collapsed into the river, it was moved behind a row of shops in the town of Bota Kanan. Sultan Alauddin Shah's mausoleum is located in the town of Bota Kanan and is close to Sultan Ahmaddin Shah's (18th Sultan of Perak) mausoleum.
There is not much information regarding Sultan Alauddin Shah during his reign as the 5th Sultan of Perak due to the lack of documentation that can be referenced.
# Josef Haslinger

Josef Haslinger (born July 5, 1955) is an Austrian writer.
Haslinger was born in Zwettl, Lower Austria. He studied philosophy, drama and Germanic studies at the University of Vienna. He received his PhD in 1980. Since then he has been working as a freelance writer. 1976 to 1992 he was co-editor of the literary magazine "Wespennest".
In 1983/84 Haslinger had a teaching position at the University of Kassel, was Secretary General of the Graz Authors' Assembly from 1986 to 1989, and from 1986 to 1994 co-organizer of the "Vienna Lectures on Literature". In 1995 he was a lecturer at the University of Kassel and wrote parts of his political thriller novel, Opernball (Opera Ball) there.
Haslinger has taught since 1996 as a professor of literary aesthetics at the German Literature Institute in Leipzig. He lives between Vienna and Leipzig.

## Awards and honors

* 1980 Theodor Körner Prize
* 1982 Österreichisches Staatsstipendium für Literatur
* 1984 Förderungspreis der Stadt Wien
* 1985 Stipendium des Deutschen Literaturfonds
* 1988 Österreichisches Dramatikerstipendium
* 1993–94 Elias Canetti-Stipendium der Stadt Wien
* 1994 Stipendium des Deutschen Literaturfonds
* 1994 Förderungspreis des Landes Niederösterreich für Literatur
* 1996 New-York-Stipendium des Deutschen Literaturfonds
* 2000 Literaturpreis der Stadt Wien
* 2000 Ehrenpreis des österreichischen Buchhandels für Toleranz in Denken und Handeln
* 2010 Mainzer Stadtschreiber
* 2011 Rheingau Literatur Preis

## Works
### Prose

* Der Konviktskaktus (Erzählungen) (1980)
* Der Rauch im Wald (1981)
* Hugo Sonnenschein (1984)
* Der Tod des Kleinhäuslers Ignaz Hajek (Novelle) (1985)
* Opernball (1995)
* Das Vaterspiel (2000)
* Zugvögel. Erzählungen. S. Fischer Verlag ISBN 3-10-030057-2 (2006)
* Phi Phi Island. Ein Bericht. S. Fischer Verlag ISBN 978-3-10-030059-1 (2007)

### Essays

* Die Ästhetik des Novalis (1981)
* Politik der Gefühle – Ein Essay über Österreich (1987). Fischer-Verlag ISBN 3-596-12365-8
* Wozu brauchen wir Atlantis (1990)
* Das Elend Amerikas. 11 Versuche über ein gelobtes Land (1992)
* Hausdurchsuchungen im Elfenbeinturm (1996)
* Klasse Burschen (2001)
* Am Ende der Sprachkultur? Über das Schicksal von Schreiben, Sprechen und Lesen. (Wiener Karl Kraus Vorlesungen zur Kulturkritik, Band 1), ISBN 3-902416-01-7 (2003)

### Editor

* Wie werde ich ein verdammt guter Schriftsteller? Berichte aus der Werkstatt, Hg. zus. mit Hans-Ulrich Treichel. Frankfurt/Main: Suhrkamp, 2005. TB ISBN 978-3-518-12395-9
* Schreiben lernen – Schreiben lehren, Hg. zus. mit Hans-Ulrich Treichel. Frankfurt/Main: Fischer, 2006. TB ISBN 978-3-596-16967-2
# Hiwassee, North Carolina

Hiwassee is a small village in Cherokee County, North Carolina, United States, which sits next to the Hiwassee Dam and the artificially created Hiwassee Reservoir, on Hiwassee River.

## History

Hiwassee Dam had its own post office from 1937 until 1958.
The desire to open a library at the dam's construction site led to the creation of North Carolina's oldest regional library. Nantahala Regional Library was founded May 1, 1937. The village's branch closed in an unknown year but other library locations remain.
Hiwassee Dam High School, the westernmost public school in the state, opened in fall 1939. Four schools (Reid Chapel, Hill, Postell, and Shearer) were consolidated to create HDHS. Three others (Clark, Friendship, and Violet) consolidated with HDHS in the 1940s and 50s. HDHS moved into a new building in 1956.
The Hiwassee Dam Fire Department started in 1974. A station was constructed around the late 1980s. New stations were built in 1992, 2012, and 2021. The Cherokee County Sheriff's Office opened a substation in Hiwassee Dam in September 2024. In 2023, the county planned to build a $1.6 million park with walking trails and a playground near the Hiwassee Dam schools campus, but the project was put on hold in 2024 due to limited local funding.
In 2025, Hiwassee Dam resident Payton McNabb was a guest of first lady Melania Trump and recognized by president Donald Trump during Trump's first speech to Congress during his second term. McNabb was injured, and suffered brain damage, after a transgender athlete's spike during a volleyball game.

## Hiwassee Dam

The dam itself was constructed between 1936 and 1940 by the Tennessee Valley Authority as part of Roosevelt's New Deal policy. Hiwassee Dam is still maintained by the TVA. It has a height of 307 feet (94 m), spans a distance of 1,376 feet (419 m) feet across the Hiwassee River, and produces 185,000 kilowatts of electricity.
Hiwassee Dam was the world's tallest "overflow" dam until the completion of the Aswan High Dam on the Nile River in Egypt in the early 1970s. The depth from the top of the spillgates to the bedrock at the face of the dam is 285 feet.

## Hiwassee Reservoir

The reservoir serves recreational, power generation and flood control purposes. It is surrounded by the Nantahala and Cherokee National Forests and is almost adjacent to the Appalachia Reservoir. Both reservoirs are important for local wildlife such as deer. The reservoir is relatively shallow with an average depth of 142 feet (43 m) and can exceed depths of 200 feet (61 m) in places.
# The Program: Cons, Cults, and Kidnapping

The Program: Cons, Cults, and Kidnapping is a 2024 American true crime documentary series, directed by Katherine Kubler. It follows Kubler and former classmates of hers from the Academy at Ivy Ridge, a behavior modification facility that was marketed as a boarding school, as they reflect on the abusive conditions they experienced in the program and the lasting trauma.
It was released on March 5, 2024, on Netflix.

## Premise

Katherine Kubler, alongside her classmates from Academy at Ivy Ridge, reflect on and describe the horrors they experienced during their time in the program and how they coped with it. In many instances they confront perpetrators of The Program and their own parents for the first time, armed with new evidence acquired from the abandoned facility.

## Episodes

| No. | Title | Directed by | Original release date |
| 1 | "Where The F**k Am I?" | Katherine Kubler | March 5, 2024 (2024-03-05) |
| 2 | "Mind Control" | Katherine Kubler | March 5, 2024 (2024-03-05) |
| 3 | "Follow the Money" | Katherine Kubler | March 5, 2024 (2024-03-05) |

## Production

After attending Academy at Ivy Ridge, Katherine Kubler wanted to make a documentary after seeing a lack of resources available to explain what had happened to her.

## Reception
### Critical reception

On Metacritic, the series holds a weighted average score of 80 out of 100, based on 4 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
Joel Keller of Decider praised the series writing: "The Program: Cons, Cults and Kidnapping does a good job of showing the harrowing conditions at the Academy at Ivy Ridge and other disciplinary schools, while also showing the resiliency of the people who were sent there and endured those condition." Nick Schager of The Daily Beast also praised the series writing: "Presents a terrifying insider's view of the institution and the lasting damage on those who attended."
# Rodolfo Guaves

Rodolfo Guaves (born 21 August 1953) is a Filipino former cyclist. He competed in the sprint and 1000m time trial events at the 1984 Summer Olympics and 1982 Asian Games.
# Rowing at the 2014 Asian Games – Men's single sculls

The men's single sculls competition at the 2014 Asian Games in Chungju, South Korea was held from 21 September to 25 September at the Tangeum Lake International Rowing Center.

## Schedule

All times are Korea Standard Time (UTC+09:00)
| Date | Time | Event |
| Sunday, 21 September 2014 | 10:30 | Heats |
| Tuesday, 23 September 2014 | 10:20 | Repechage |
| Thursday, 25 September 2014 | 11:15 | Final |

## Results
### Legend

* DNS — Did not start

### Heats

* Qualification: 1 → Final A (FA), 2–4 → Repechage (R)

#### Heat 1

| Rank | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Mohsen Shadi (IRI) | 7:08.21 | FA |
| 2 | Sawarn Singh (IND) | 7:10.65 | R |
| 3 | Grigoriy Feklistov (KAZ) | 7:38.98 | R |
| 4 | Wang Ming-hui (TPE) | 13:15.78 | R |

#### Heat 2

| Rank | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Kim Dong-yong (KOR) | 7:20.08 | FA |
| 2 | La Memo (INA) | 7:23.19 | R |
| 3 | Artyom Kudryashov (UZB) | 7:47.93 | R |
| 4 | Nasser Al-Abdulla (QAT) | 8:54.15 | R |

### Repechage

* Qualification: 1–4 → Final A (FA), 5–6 → Final B (FB)
| Rank | Athlete | Time | Notes |
| 1 | Sawarn Singh (IND) | 7:10.93 | FA |
| 2 | La Memo (INA) | 7:13.14 | FA |
| 3 | Artyom Kudryashov (UZB) | 7:30.84 | FA |
| 4 | Grigoriy Feklistov (KAZ) | 7:32.94 | FA |
| 5 | Nasser Al-Abdulla (QAT) | 8:54.42 | |
| — | Wang Ming-hui (TPE) | DNS | |

### Final

| Rank | Athlete | Time |
| | Mohsen Shadi (IRI) | 7:05.66 |
| | Kim Dong-yong (KOR) | 7:06.17 |
| | Sawarn Singh (IND) | 7:10.65 |
| 4 | La Memo (INA) | 7:17.29 |
| 5 | Artyom Kudryashov (UZB) | 7:30.01 |
| 6 | Grigoriy Feklistov (KAZ) | 7:34.98 |
# Erythrodiplax unimaculata

Erythrodiplax unimaculata, also known by its common name white-tailed dragonlet is a species from the genus Erythrodiplax.

## Description

This species has wings with brown tips, but female samples often only have basal spots on the wings. Forewings can have a yellowish shadow. For the hind wings the red-yellow color is somewhat more widespread, diffuse anteriorly and not very sharp up to the 1st antenodal transverse artery and on or a little over the transverse artery of the submedian space

## Taxonomy

Erythrodiplax unimaculata was first described by Charles De Geer in 1773. Monophyly has not yet been determined

## Range

Observation of Erythrodiplax unimaculata have been documented in Brazil, Colombia and Peru. Observations aggregated in the Global Biodiversity Information Facility suggest a more wide spread range in the northern have of South America.
# Sakuma Morishige

Sakuma Morishige (佐久間 盛重, died June 11, 1560) was a Japanese samurai from Sakuma clan who served Oda Nobunaga. He is believed to be the first "general' killed by gunfire in Japan.
In 1556, Morishige fought at the Battle of Ino, Before the battle, where Nobunaga clashed with his brother, Nobunaga erected Fort Nazuka in Nishi-ku, Nazuka, Nagoya City, placing Sakuma Morishige in charge. During this conflict, Sakuma notably claimed the head of Hashimoto Juzo, a general under Oda Nobuyuki, earning him significant rewards
In 1560, during the invasion of Owari Province by Imagawa Yoshimoto, leading up to the Battle of Okehazama, Morishige was appointed to defend the Marune fortress on the border of the province.
The fortress came under attack by Tokugawa Ieyasu (who was at that time named Matsudaira Motoyasu). During the Siege of Marune, Ieyasu made effective use of concentrated arquebus fire. Morishige was killed by a bullet, and the fortress fell to Imagawa forces.
# Blancs d'Espagne

Blancs d'Espagne ("Spanish Whites") was a term used to refer to those legitimists in France who, following the death of the Comte de Chambord in 1883, supported the Spanish Carlist claimant rather than the Orleanist candidate, who was supported by the vast majority of French royalists.
The term was generally used by supporters of the Comte de Paris, the Orleanist candidate, as a term of derision for their ultra-legitimist opponents who so hated the House of Orléans that they would support a foreign prince over an Orleanist candidate. It is a pun on the cosmetic and cleanser known as blanc d'Espagne, originally a white lead pigment and later either basic bismuth nitrate or a preparation made from chalk and clay.

## Claimants or declared claimants

| Name | from | until | Relationship with predecessor(s) |
| Jean III | 24 August 1883 | 18 November 1887 | his great-great-grandfather was brother to great-great-great-grandfather of Count of Chambord |
| Charles XI | 18 November 1887 | 18 July 1909 | oldest son |
| Jacques I | 18 July 1909 | 2 October 1931 | only son |
| Charles XII | 2 October 1931 | 29 September 1936 | paternal uncle |
| Alphonse I | 29 September 1936 | 28 February 1941 | second cousin once removed (his great-grandfather was brother to grandfather of Alphonse I |
| Henri VI | 28 February 1941 | 20 March 1975 | oldest living son (second son) |
| Alphonse II | 20 March 1975 | 30 January 1989 | oldest son |
| Louis XX | 30 January 1989 | onwards | oldest living son (second son) |
# Artur Gabrielian

Artur Gabrielian (born 26 December 1982) is an Armenian Russian chess player who plays for the Chess Federation of Russia. Since 2009, he holds the title Grandmaster.

## Biography

Artur Gabrielian was born in the Azerbaijani capital of Baku during Soviet times, but his family moved to the city of Hrazdan in Armenia a year and a half later. There, under the guidance of child trainer Arnold Hakobjanyan, Gabrielian began to play chess at the age of 8.
In 1994, his family moved to the city of Georgiyevsk in Russia. There, he repeatedly won the Stavropol Krai championship. Gabrielian later studied at the Russian State University of Sport in Moscow. In 2002 he reached the final of the Moscow championship, but lost to Vladimir Malakhov. In the same year he received the title of International Master. In 2004, Gabrielian reached the final of the internet competition Dos Hermanos, and in 2008 he came in third at the Moscow championship. In 2009 he won the Rector's Prize BelGU and in the same year he achieved the title of Grandmaster.
After graduating, Gabrielian returned to Georgiyevsk and repeatedly won the championship of South Russia and the North Caucasus. He competed in the major leagues of the Russian Championships and the country's team championships, as well as the 2010 Pan-Armenian Games. He qualified for the 2012 Russian Cup final.
Gabrielian also works as a chess coach. His students include GM Aleksey Sorokin [d], IM Semen Khanin, WIM Nadezhda Kostina [d] (née Kharmunova), FM Aleksey Ivlev [d] and Anna Ulanovskaya. He lives in Rostov-on-Don.
Together with 43 other Russian chess players, Gabrielian signed an open letter to President of Russia Vladimir Putin, calling on him to immediately stop the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and to find a peaceful solution to the conflict.

## FIDE ratings

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. Updates on reimplementing the Graph extension, which will be known as the Chart extension, can be found on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. :
# Tepecano language

The Tepecano language is an extinct Indigenous language of Mexico belonging to the Uto-Aztecan language-family. It was formerly spoken by a small group of people in Azqueltán (earlier Atzqueltlán), Jalisco, a small village on the Río Bolaños in the far northern part of the state, just east of the territory of the Wixárika people. Most closely related to Southern Tepehuán of the state of Durango, Tepecano was a Mesoamerican language and evinced many of the traits that define the Mesoamerican Linguistic Area. So far as is known, the last speaker of Tepecano was Lino de la Rosa (born September 22, 1895), who was still living as of February 1980.
Research on Tepecano was first carried out by the American linguistic anthropologist John Alden Mason in Azqueltán from 1911 to 1913. This work led to the publication of a monographic grammatical sketch in 1916 as well as an article on native prayers in Tepecano that Mason had collected from informants in 1918. Later, American linguist Dennis Holt conducted field research in 1965 and from 1979 to 1980, but his results have not yet been published.

## Morphology

Tepecano is an agglutinative language, where words use suffix complexes for a variety of purposes with several morphemes strung together.