OpenLLM-France/wikimedia huggingface dataset:
# List of vice-chancellors of the University of London

The office of Vice-Chancellor of the University of London was created by the Royal Charter of 1836, which founded the university. The role of the vice-chancellorship at the university has varied over the years in light of the successive changes to the constitution of the University of London, and has been greatly influenced by its federal nature. The following is a list of people who have been vice-chancellor of the University of London.

## Vice-chancellors

| 1836–1842 Sir John William Lubbock 1842–1862 Sir John Shaw Lefevre FRS 1862–1871 George Grote FRS 1872–1880 Sir John Lubbock (Later Lord Avebury, son of the 1st Vice Chancellor) 1881–1883 Sir George Jessel 1883–1895 Sir James Paget FRS 1895–1896 Sir Julian Goldsmid 1896–1902 Sir Henry Roscoe FRS 1902–1903 Archibald Robertson 1903–1905 Philip Henry Pye-Smith 1905–1907 Sir Edward Henry Busk 1907–1909 Sir William Collins KCVO 1909–1911 Micaiah John Muller Hill FRS 1911–1912 Sir William Collins KCVO 1912–1915 Sir Wilmot Herringham KCMG CB 1916–1917 Sir Alfred Pearce Gould KCVO CBE 1917–1919 Sir (Edwin) Cooper Perry 1919–1922 Sir Sydney Russell-Wells 1922–1924 Sir Holburt Jacob Waring Bt CBE FRCS 1924–1926 Ernest Arthur Gardner 1926–1928 William Beveridge, Baron Beveridge 1928–1930 Sir Gregory Foster 1930–1932 J. Scott Lidgett 1932–1933 John Leigh Smeathman Hatton 1933–1935 Louis Napoleon George Filon FRS | 1935–1937 Sir Herbert Lightfoot Eason CMG CB 1937–1939 Sir Robert Howson Pickard FRS 1939–1945 Frank Horton FRS 1945–1948 Sir David Hughes Parry 1948–1951 Dame Lillian Penson 1951–1953 Hugh Hale Bellot FRHS 1953–1954 Air Chief Marshal Sir Roderic Maxwell Hill MC 1955–1958 Sir John Francis Lockwood 1958–1961 Sir Charles Felix Harris 1961–1964 Sir Peter Scott Noble 1964–1967 Sir Thomas Percival Creed KBE MC KC 1967–1969 Sir Owen Saunders FRS 1969–1972 Sir Brian Windeyer FRCS 1972–1976 Sir Cyril Philips 1976–1978 Sir Frank Hartley CBE 1978–1981 Noel Annan, Baron Annan 1981–1985 Sir Randolph Quirk CBE FBA 1985–1990 Brian Flowers, Baron Flowers FRS 1990–1994 Stewart Sutherland, Baron Sutherland of Houndwood KT FRSE FBA FKC 1994–1997 Andrew Rutherford CBE 1997–2003 Graham J Zellick CBE QC 2003–2010 Sir Graeme Davies FRSNZ 2010–2012 Geoffrey Crossick FRHistS 2012–2018 Prof Sir Adrian Smith FRS 2018–2019 Peter Kopelman (Interim/Acting) 2019– Wendy Thomson CBE |
# Boraldai Airport

Boraldai Airport (former name Burundai) (IATA: BXJ, ICAO: UAAR) is situated within 5 km (3.1 mi) of Almaty, Kazakhstan. The owner of the airport is LLP "Altair Air". The airport is a main base for Kazakhstan airline Burundaiavia. The annual airshow of Kazakhstan takes place at the airport.

## Facilities

The complex includes: air terminal with an area of 1,501 m$^2$ (16,160 sq ft); runway 1,460 m × 35 m (4,790 ft × 115 ft); two taxiways 14 m (46 ft) and 8 m (26 ft); technical maintenance base with the area of 1,981 m$^2$ (21,320 sq ft); apron and parking stands; railway stub station and the hotel. It is suitable for helicopters of all types, such as Mi-2, Mi-6, Mi-8, Mi-10, Ka-32 and light aircraft, such as An-24, An-26, An-30, An-72 and An-74. The territory of the airport area is 705,000 m$^2$ (7,590,000 sq ft).
# Auguste-Jean Gaudin

Auguste-Jean Gaudin (29 July 1914 – 23 May 1992) was a French painter and engraver. He was a pupil of Pierre Galle at the School of Fine Arts of Rennes.

## Biography

Gaudin was born on 29 July 1914 in Argentré-du-Plessis. From 17 April 1929 to 31 March 1930, employed by the merchant Zappone & Pénard, Rennes. From 1 April 1930 to 30 September 1931, he was employed by the merchant lingerie J. Even, Rennes. In 1933, he was a soldier in the first regiment of Zouaves in Casablanca. During World War II, he was a prisoner of war at the Stalag IV-C; this camp consisted of several districts including the Brüx Hydrierwerk. After the war, he married Jacqueline Auberty, assistant conservation at the Cabinet des Estampes et de la photographie, Paris.

## Public collections

* Douai, musée de la Chartreuse, Les Nouvelles écluses de Douai, oil on canvas sur toile, 1,00 x 0,81, signed, bought by the city before 1950.
* Rennes, musée des Beaux-arts, Près de Saint-Briac, drawing, 0,56 x 0,76, signed and dated 1959, bought by the city in 1959 .
* Nantes, musée des Beaux-arts, Ducasse de Gayant à Douai, artist's gift in 1989.
* Present location unknown : six works by the artist have been bought by the French State and are mentioned here
# Istgah-e Kuh Pank

Istgah-e Kuh Pank (Persian: ايستگاه كوه پنك, romanized: Īstgāh-e Kūh Pank; also known as Īstgāh-e Kūh Pang, Īstgāh-e Kūpang, Īstgāh-e Kūpeng, Īstgāh-e Rāh Āhan-e Kūh Pang, Kūh Pang, and Kūh Penal) is a village, which also serves as the location of an eponymous railway station, in Taraznahid Rural District, in the Central District of Saveh County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 8, in 7 families.
# Romeo, Colorado

Romeo is a Statutory Town in Conejos County, Colorado, United States. The population was 302 at the 2020 census. A post office called Romeo was established in 1901. The community derives its name from the surname Romero.

## Geography

Romeo is located in east-central Conejos County in the San Luis Valley region. U.S. Route 285 runs along the western border of the town, leading north 21 miles (34 km) to Alamosa and south 12 miles (19 km) to the New Mexico border and beyond. Colorado State Highway 142 is the town's Main Street, with its western terminus at U.S. 285 and leading east 3 miles (5 km) to Manassa and 32 miles (51 km) to San Luis.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.2 square miles (0.52 km$^2$), all of it land.
# Sugar City, Colorado

Sugar City is a statutory town in Crowley County, Colorado, United States. The population was 259 at the 2020 census.

## History

A post office called Sugar City has been in operation since 1900. The community was named for the fact it once was a sugar manufacturing center.
Sugar City was named for its sugar beet factory, established in 1899. It was owned by the National Beet Sugar Company. During a drought in the 1950s the wastewater lagoons at the factory dried, producing a smell that overwhelmed the town. The factory closed in 1967.

## Geography

Sugar City is located in southeastern Crowley County at 38°13′55″N 103°39′53″W﻿ / ﻿38.23194°N 103.66472°W﻿ / 38.23194; -103.66472 (38.231866, -103.664851). Colorado State Highway 96 leads west 5 miles (8 km) to Ordway, the county seat, and northeast 33 miles (53 km) to Haswell.
According to the United States Census Bureau, Sugar City has a total area of 0.4 square miles (1.0 km$^2$), all of it land.
# Dempseys Corner, Nova Scotia

Dempsey Corner is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in Kings County.
# Pine Robbers

The "Pine Robbers" were groups of loosely organized outlaw gangs who were Loyalists during the American Revolutionary War and used the New Jersey Pine Barrens to wreak havoc in the area. The pine barrens created densely forested terrain where concealment of guerrilla and criminal activities could easily be carried out.

## Guerrilla and criminal activities

While the Loyalists, who had received their land from the Crown, were amiable neighbors during the day and enemies of the Patriots by night, the pine robbers were disgruntled sailors who had jumped ship. They banded with local outlaws to burn and plaunder throughout the New Jersey Pine Barrens. The pine robbers were commonly known to commit crimes against Patriots and, sometimes, Loyalists.

## Fagan Gang

One of the most infamous pine robber gangs was the Fagan Gang led by Loyalist leader Jacob Fagan and his associate Lewis Fenton.

## John Bacon and the "Refugees"

John Bacon was one of the more notorious Loyalist leaders of the pine robbers. In December 1782, Bacon and his gang, the "Refugees," were involved in the Battle of Cedar Bridge. A surprise attack by Captain Edward Thomas of the Mansfield Militia and Captain Richard Shreeve of the Burlington County Light Horse forced Bacon to quickly build a makeshift barricade at Cedar Bridge. The Patriot forces charged the Refugees, but Bacon and three gang members escaped.
On April 3, 1783, John Bacon was surrounded by the Patriot militia from Burlington, New Jersey, while drinking in a local tavern. With no chance of escape, he was bayoneted and shot to death.
# Drake Jewel

The Drake Jewel is a precious pendant given to Sir Francis Drake by Queen Elizabeth I to show her gratitude. The pendant is on display at the Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) in London.

## History

Elizabeth I had the pendant created especially for Drake, by a renowned artisan, as a demonstration of gratitude. Drake's Jewel was created by Nicholas Hilliard and given to Drake before 1591, possibly to celebrate England's victory against the Spanish Armada in 1588. Drake was painted by Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger in 1591 and is shown wearing the jewel. Drake valued this pendant more than any of his other possessions.
After Drake's death in 1596, the jewel passed to Thomas Drake, his brother, and upon his death in 1637, to Thomas's widow. According to the V&A, the widow sold the jewel to an unknown person in exchange for a payment to her daughters of £3000 (equivalent to £608,835 in 2023)

## Description

On the front, the jewel shows a cameo of what appears to be an African man and possibly a European woman or a clean-shaven man in Roman style. The reverse opens to show a painting of Elizabeth I and a phoenix. The African figure is wearing a cape, which could be a paludamentum, cape of Roman commanders and emperors. The portraits are watercolour on vellum, surrounded by rubies, diamonds and pearls.

### Interpretation of images

The images on the jewel are open to interpretation;
David Shields of the Omohundro Institute writes that the images suggest that the joint effort of the African and English will liberate the world from Spain, such as Drake's alliance with the Cimarron and Elizabeth's alliance with Ahmad al-Mansur against the Spanish. The Cimarron alliance connection was also noted by Miranda Kaufmann, Nikki Marmery and Duane Van Dieman. Historian John Sugden states: "One of the subjects is a white European, an Englishman or possibly even a woman. The other is a black African. There is no suggestion that one figure is superior to the other. They stand side by side, as equals, allies perhaps, or friends."
Karen Dalton, reinterpreting the concept of visual culture to the English Renaissance and defining the otherness of race, ethnicity and gender in the essay "Art For the Sake of Dynasty: The Black Emperor in the Drake Jewel and Elizabethan Imperial Imagery", writes that the jewel is a manifestation of the queen herself and of her imperial aspirations. The black emperor is Saturn the ruler of the Golden Age. The woman is the Virgin Astraea who will return Saturn to the throne. V&A also noted this interpretation. Kevin Jackson in Chronicles of London writes that the regal lady is presumably Elizabeth I herself and the African man is presumably a slave.
The phoenix in the jewel is one of Elizabeth I's most used images, depicting peace, rebirth and virtue.

## Gallery

* A portrait of Drake wearing the Jewel, by Henry Bone, dated 1829
* Detail from the Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger portrait
* The pendant at the V&A museum
# Giuli Mandzhgaladze

Giuli Shotayovych Mandzhgaladze (Ukrainian: Гіулі Шотайович Манджгаладзе; born 9 September 1992) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Samtredia in the Erovnuli Liga 2.

## Career

He spent four years playing for the FC Zorya Luhansk reserves team in the Ukrainian Premier Reserve League. In July 2014 Mandzhgaladze signed a contract with FC Poltava and played in the Ukrainian First League, but in September he left the club.
Mandzhgaladze signed for Dinamo Batumi in the Erovnuli Liga in January 2019. Two years later he helped the team to claim their first champion's title.
In January 2022, Mandzhgaladze joined Torpedo. In the next three years, he lifted the Georgian Cup and Supercup.
In February 2025, the player reunited with 2nd division side Samtredia after an eight-year pause.

## Honours
### Torpedo Kutaisi

* Georgian Cup: 2022
* Georgian Super Cup: 2024

### Dinamo Batumi

* Erovnuli Liga: 2021
* Georgian Super Cup: 2022

### Samtredia

* Umaglesi Liga: 2016
* Georgian Super Cup: 2017
# Bega

Bega may refer to:

## People

* Saint Bega
* Bega (surname)

## Places

* Bega, New South Wales, a town in New South Wales, Australia
** Bega Valley Shire, a coastal local government area in New South Wales
** Electoral district of Bega, a New South Wales electoral district
* Bega, alternative name for Beica, a town in southwestern Ethiopia
* Bega (Dörentrup), a small village next to Dörentrup in Lippe district, Germany
Rivers:
* Bega River (New South Wales), a river in Australia
* Bega (Werre), a river in Germany
* Bega (Tisza), also Begej, a river in Romania and Serbia
* Bega Luncanilor, a headwater of the Bega in Romania
* Bega Poienilor, another headwater of the Bega in Romania
* Bega Veche, a tributary of the Bega in Romania

## Other uses

* Bega Canal, in Romania and Serbia
* Bega Group, an Australian cheese manufacturer
* Bega Group (Romania), a Romanian company
* BEGA League, a group of characters in the anime/manga Beyblade
* Bega Valley Rally, a car rally centred in Bega, New South Wales
* Bega, or Summer, in seasons of Ethiopia
# Pitof

Jean-Christophe "Pitof" Comar is a French visual effects supervisor and director notable for Vidocq and Catwoman.

## Career

Pitof began his career in the film industry in 1976 as an assistant director, still photographer and film editor. He then branched out into musical scoring, software design and graphic design for televisions, music videos and commercials. Co-founder of Duran Duboi, a digital postproduction company, Pitof worked on commercials, videos and feature films.
In 1997, Pitof took on the role of second unit director for Jean-Pierre Jeunet’s Alien: Resurrection. It was Pitof’s third collaboration with Jeunet after working together on the Jeunet-Caro films Delicatessen and The City of Lost Children.
in 2000 Pitof made his directorial debut with the film, Vidocq a period thriller starring Gerard Depardieu and Guillaume Canet, premiered in France in September 2001. It is notable as being the first major fantasy film to be released (one year before Star Wars: Episode II - Attack of the Clones) was shot entirely with digital cinematography, using a Sony HDW-F900 CineAlta camera.
In 2004, Pitof made his English-language debut with the Hollywood film Catwoman, starring Halle Berry and Sharon Stone. The film was critically panned, and is considered one of the worst movies of all time. Pitof was awarded the Razzie Award for Worst Director for the film. In 2024 Pitof openly explained the many issues behind Catwoman and the exclusion of the Batman character.
Pitof was set to direct the US-Chinese co-production Empires of the Deep although he eventually dropped out.
In 2019 Pitof co-founded 6th Sense VR, a company developing, producing and distributing VR content.

## Filmography

Director
* Vidocq (2001)
* Catwoman (2004)
* Fire and Ice: The Dragon Chronicles (2008) (TV movie)
Writer
* Vidocq (2001)
* Le pistolet (2003)
Second unit director
* Alien Resurrection (1997)
Producer
* Closer Apart (2012)
* The Activist (2014)
* "Hacker’s Game" (2015)
* "Make note of every sound" (2015)
* "Broken Angels" (2015)
* "NY 84" (2016)
* "Connected" (2016)
* "One World" (2016)
* "In my Mother’s Arms" (2017)
* "Day Driver" (2018)
* "Venus" (2018)
* "All you Need is Me" (2018)
* "The Sacrifice Zone" (2022)
Visual effects supervisor
* Delicatessen (1991)
* Le Bal des casse-pieds [fr] (1992)
* My Name Is Victor (1993)
* Metisse (1993)
* Fanfan & Alexandre (1993)
* The Thirst for Gold (1993)
* The Visitors (1993)
* Cash-Cash (1994)
* Montparnasse Pondichery (1994)
* Giorgino (1994)
* Blue Helmet (1994)
* The Daughter of d'Artagnan (1994)
* Dead Tired (1994)
* Ma Femme me Quitte (1995)
* Happiness Is in the Field (1995)
* The City of Lost Children (1995)
* Fallait pas (1996)
* Beaumarchais (1996)
* Fantome avec Chauffeur (1996)
* Didier (1997)
* Alien Resurrection (1997)
* The Messenger: The Story of Joan of Arc (1999)
* Asterix & Obelix Take On Caesar (1999)
# Larkspur, Colorado

Larkspur is a home rule municipality in Douglas County, Colorado, United States. The town population was 206 at the 2020 census. Each year, on weekends in June, July and August, the Colorado Renaissance Festival is held in the hills just west of the town. The town is served by Larkspur Elementary School, a K-6 school in the Douglas County school district. The according to William Bright the town was named for the plains larkspur (Delphinium geyeri).
A post office called Larkspur has been in operation since 1871. The community was named for the abundance of larkspur near the original town site.
Larkspur is also the site of the historic headquarters building of Universal Co-Masonry According to the town's website, Larkspur's Vision Statement is "Larkspur, a small friendly town in Colorado. A town that works together by: Fostering a Government of Integrity that Responds to its People, Directing Future Growth within Larkspur´s Small Town Values, Providing Community Facilities and Activities for All Ages, and Preserving the Natural Environment that is Unique to the Larkspur Area."

## Geography

Larkspur is located in southern Douglas County in the valley of East Plum Creek. Interstate 25 passes along the eastern edge of the town, with access from Exits 172, 173, and 174. I-25 leads north 11 miles (18 km) to Castle Rock, the Douglas County seat, and 39 miles (63 km) to Denver, as well as south 32 miles (51 km) to Colorado Springs.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 1.5 square miles (3.9 km$^2$), all land.

## Transportation

The city is Served by I-25. It was once served by SH-18 (now Upper Lake Gulch Road). In addition to the highways, the Colorado Joint Line (which is served by Union Pacific and BNSF) also runs through the town with a large Santa Fe bridge at the south end of town.
# List of Massachusetts area codes

Massachusetts is divided into five distinct numbering plan areas (NPAs), which are served by nine area codes in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP), organized as four overlay complexes and a single-area code NPA.
Eastern Massachusetts has area codes 339, 351, 508, 617, 774, 781, 857, and 978. Western Massachusetts has area code 413.
The numbering plan areas are organized into two local access and transport areas (LATAs): 126 comprises the western part, and 128 covers the central and eastern parts.
| Area code | Region |
| 339/781 | Burlington, Lynn, Waltham, Weymouth and other areas of Greater Boston |
| 351/978 | Athol, Concord, Fitchburg, Gloucester, Haverhill, Lowell, Salem and northeastern Massachusetts |
| 413 | Amherst, Greenfield, Holyoke, North Adams, Pittsfield, Springfield and western Massachusetts |
| 508/774 | Brockton, Framingham, Hyannis, New Bedford, Plymouth, Worcester and southeastern Massachusetts |
| 617/857 | Cambridge, Newton, Quincy and close-in Boston suburbs |
# Gabriel Huquier

Gabriel Huquier (1695–1772) was an entrepreneurial French drawer (artist), engraver, printmaker, publisher, and art collector, who became a pivotal figure in the production of French 18th-century ornamental etchings and engravings

## Biography

Huquier moved to Paris from Orléans in 1727 and opened a workshop, Aux armes d'Angleterre at rue Saint-Denis in the vicinity of the Grand Châtelet, advertising in the Mercure de France. In 1734, he etched the first print after François Boucher, Andromeda, which was followed by many others. Altogether, Huquier published over eighty of Boucher's prints, including his chinoseries.
Huquier became a prominent engraver and designer of ornament in an advanced Rococo taste, working from about 1731 until his apparent retirement in 1761. He engraved Watteau's designs, interpreting and adapting them so that he became the main source through whom Watteau's ornament was known in the 18th century and went on to etch and engrave designs of Jacques de Lajoue, François Boucher, Gilles-Marie Oppenord, Juste-Aurèle Meissonnier, Alexis Peyrotte, Nicolas Pineau and many other contemporary painters and designers.
Huquier was a collector of works of art, whose collections were dispersed at three great auction sales, in Amsterdam, 1761, in Paris, 1771, and after his death, in Paris, 1772.

## Legacy

His son Jacques (or James) Gabriel Huquier (1730–1805) known as Huquier fils, was also an engraver, as well as a portrait painter.
Works by Huquier are held in the collections of the Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, the Science Museum Group, the Fine Arts Museum of San Francisco, the Minneapolis Institute of Art, the University of Michigan Museum of Art, the British Museum, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Harvard Art Museums.
# University Hospital of Montpellier

The University Hospital of Montpellier (Occitan: Hôpital Universitari de Montpelhièr), CHU de Montpellier, is the oldest medical faculty in Europe, part of the University of Montpellier. It has been rated the 6th best hospital in France. It employs about 11,000 people and is the biggest employer in the region. There are 14 medical activity departments and very substantial research activity.
Emergency services at the hospital were reorganized in November 2022, largely as a result of pressures resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic in France.
# Lee Henderson (hurler)

Lee Henderson (born March 1990) is a hurler who plays as a forward for Seán Mac Cumhaills and also, formerly, for the Donegal county team.

## Playing career
### Club

Henderson won a Donegal Senior Hurling Championship title with his club in 2010, and won a second one as captain in 2016. He then captained his club to the 2022 Donegal Intermediate Hurling Championship title.

### Inter-county

Henderson made his debut for Donegal at the age of 17.
He came on as a late substitute in the final of the 2011 Lory Meagher Cup as Donegal claimed a first All-Ireland hurling title with victory over Tyrone.
He won the 2013 Nicky Rackard Cup with Donegal, playing in the final against Roscommon and scoring ten points (seven of which were frees).
Henderson played for Donegal during the 2018 National Hurling League, when the county recorded their first competitive victories over Derry and Down. Donegal also defeated Armagh in the closing game of that league campaign. Donegal went on to win the 2018 Nicky Rackard Cup, though Henderson's role in the final was limited to a late substitute appearance due to an ankle injury.
The Donegal News described Henderson in 2020 as "one of Donegal's most consistent performers for the last decade".
Injury forced him to retire from inter-county hurling at the end of the 2021 season.

## Coaching career

Henderson coached the Donegal under-20 hurlers in 2022 under the management of Paul Burns.

## Honours
### Club

* 2010 Donegal Senior Hurling Championship
* 2016 Donegal Senior Hurling Championship (c)
* 2022 Donegal Intermediate Hurling Championship (c)

### County

* 2011 Lory Meagher Cup
* 2013 Nicky Rackard Cup
* 2018 Nicky Rackard Cup
# Viola Namuddu

Viola Namuddu is a Ugandan footballer who plays as a midfielder for FUFA Women Super League club Makerere University and the Uganda women's national team.

## Club career

Namuddu has played for Makerere University in Uganda.

## International career

Namuddu capped for Uganda at senior level during the 2021 COSAFA Women's Championship.